Sample records for quota sampling method

  1. Quota sampling in internet research: practical issues.

    PubMed

    Im, Eun-Ok; Chee, Wonshik

    2011-07-01

    Quota sampling has been suggested as a potentially good method for Internet-based research and has been used by several researchers working with Internet samples. However, very little is known about the issues or concerns in using a quota sampling method in Internet research. The purpose of this article was to present the practical issues using quota sampling in an Internet-based study. During the Internet study, the research team recorded all recruitment issues that arose and made written notes indicating the possible reasons for the problems. In addition, biweekly team discussions were conducted for which written records were kept. Overall, quota sampling was effective in ensuring that an adequate number of midlife women were recruited from the targeted ethnic groups. However, during the study process, we encountered the following practical issues using quota sampling: (1) difficulty reaching out to women in lower socioeconomic classes, (2) difficulty ensuring authenticity of participants' identities, (3) participants giving inconsistent answers for the screening questions versus the Internet survey questions, (4) potential problems with a question on socioeconomic status, (5) resentment toward the research project and/or researchers because of rejection, and (6) a longer time and more expense than anticipated.

  2. Social surveys in HIV/AIDS: telling or writing? A comparison of interview and postal methods.

    PubMed

    McEwan, R T; Harrington, B E; Bhopal, R S; Madhok, R; McCallum, A

    1992-06-01

    We compare a probability sample postal questionnaire survey and a quota controlled interview survey, and review the literature on these subjects. In contrast to other studies, where quota samples were not representative because of biased selection of respondents by interviewers, our quota sample was representative. Response rates were similar in our postal and interview surveys (74 and 77%, respectively), although many previous similar postal surveys had poor response rates. As in other comparison studies, costs were higher in our interview survey, substantive responses and the quality of responses to closed-ended questions were similar, and responses to open-ended questions were better in the interview survey. 'Socially unacceptable' responses on sexual behaviour were less likely in interviews. Quota controlled surveys are appropriate in surveys on HIV/AIDS under certain circumstances, e.g. where the population parameters are well known, and where interviewers can gain access to the entire population. Postal questionnaires are better for obtaining information on sexual behaviour, if adequate steps are taken to improve response rates, and when in-depth answers are not needed. For most surveys in the HIV/AIDS field we recommend the postal method.

  3. Energy consumption quota management of Wanda commercial buildings in China

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, D. B.; Xiao, H.; Wang, X.; Liu, J. J.; Wang, X.; Jin, X. Q.; Wang, J.; Xie, X. K.

    2016-08-01

    There is limited research of commercial buildings’ energy use data conducted based on practical analysis in China nowadays. Some energy consumption quota tools like Energy Star in U.S or VDI 3807 in Germany have limitation in China's building sector. This study introduces an innovative methodology of applying energy use quota model and empirical management to commercial buildings, which was in accordance of more than one hundred opened shopping centers of a real estate group in China. On the basis of statistical benchmarking, a new concept of “Modified coefficient”, which considers weather, occupancy, business layout, operation schedule and HVAC efficiency, is originally introduced in this paper. Our study shows that the average energy use quota increases from north to south. The average energy use quota of sample buildings is 159 kWh/(m2.a) of severe cold climate zone, 179 kWh/(m2.a) of cold zone, 188 kWh/(m2.a) of hot summer and cold winter zone, and 200 kWh/(m2.a) of hot summer and warm winter zone. The energy use quota model has been validated in the property management for year 2016, providing a new method of commercial building energy management to the industry. As a key result, there is 180 million energy saving potential based on energy quota management in 2016, equals to 6.2% saving rate of actual energy use in 2015.

  4. Quota methods for congressional apportionment are still non-unique

    PubMed Central

    Mayberry, John P.

    1978-01-01

    Balinski and Young described a “quota method” for congressional apportionment and recommended it as “the only method satisfying three essential axioms” [Balinski, M. L. & Young, H. P. (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71, 4602-4606]. This paper points out and repairs a slight defect in one of those axioms, producing a quota method slightly different from that described previously. It also presents an alternative to the “consistency” axiom of the paper and describes the “dual quota” method, uniquely satisfying the alternative axioms (which have exactly as much justification as the originals). PMID:16592547

  5. Kindergarten Teachers' Experience with Reporting Child Abuse in Taiwan

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Feng, Jui-Ying; Huang, Tzu-Yi; Wang, Chi-Jen

    2010-01-01

    Objective: The objectives were to examine factors associated with reporting child abuse among kindergarten teachers in Taiwan based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Method: A stratified quota sampling technique was used to randomly select kindergarten teachers in Taiwan. The Child Abuse Intention Report Scale, which includes demographics,…

  6. Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status in Mentally Retarded Children and Adolescents: A Study from North Western India

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mathur, Manju; Bhargava, Rachna; Benipal, Ramandeep; Luthra, Neena; Basu, Sabita; Kaur, Jasbinder; Chavan, B. S.

    2007-01-01

    Objective: To compare the dietary habits and nutritional status of mentally retarded (MR) and normal (NG) subjects and to examine the relationship between the dietary habits and nutritional status and the level of mental retardation in the MR group. Method: A case control design was utilized: 117 MR (random sampling) and 100 NG (quota sampling)…

  7. How Sources of Sexual Information Relate to Adolescents' Beliefs about Sex

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bleakley, Amy; Hennessy, Michael; Fishbein, Martin; Jordan, Amy

    2009-01-01

    Objectives: To examine how sources of sexual information are associated with adolescents' behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about having sexual intercourse using the integrative model of behavior change. Methods: Survey data from a quota sample of 459 youth. Results: The most frequently reported sources were friends, teachers, mothers,…

  8. Research on the optimization of quota design in real estate

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Chunling; Ma, Susu; Zhong, Weichao

    2017-11-01

    Quota design is one of the effective methods of cost control in real estate development project and widely used in the current real estate development project to control the engineering construction cost, but quota design have many deficiencies in design process. For this purpose, this paper put forward a method to achieve investment control of real estate development project, which combine quota design and value engineering(VE) at the stage of design. Specifically, it’s an optimizing for the structure of quota design. At first, determine the design limits by investment estimate value, then using VE to carry on initial allocation of design limits and gain the functional target cost, finally, consider the whole life cycle cost (LCC) and operational problem in practical application to finish complex correction for the functional target cost. The improved process can control the project cost more effectively. It not only can control investment in a certain range, but also make the project realize maximum value within investment.

  9. The Primary Care Physician and Cancer Literacy: Reducing Health Disparities in an Immigrant Population

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lee, Hee Yun; Choi, Jeong-Kyun; Park, Ji Hye

    2014-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate the level of cancer literacy among Korean American immigrants and to identify the most influential predictors of cancer literacy in this population. Method: Using a quota-sampling strategy, 407 Korean American immigrants were recruited in the New York metropolitan area. The study was theoretically guided by the Andersen's…

  10. [Work quota setting and man-hour productivity estimation in pathologists].

    PubMed

    Svistunov, V V; Makarov, S V; Makarova, A E

    The paper considers the development and current state of the regulation of work quota setting and remuneration in pathologists. Reasoning from the current staff standards for morbid anatomy departments (units), the authors present a method to calculate the load of pathologists. The essence of the proposed method is demonstrated using a specific example.

  11. Factors Associated with Nurses' Intention to Report Child Abuse: A National Survey of Taiwanese Nurses

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Feng, J.Y.; Levine, M.

    2005-01-01

    Objective:The objectives were to determine the experiences of Taiwanese nurses with a new child abuse reporting law and to assess attitudinal correlates of nurses' intention to report. Method: A stratified quota sampling technique was used to select registered nurses working in pediatric, psychiatric and emergency care units in Taiwan. A total of…

  12. Methodology Series Module 5: Sampling Strategies.

    PubMed

    Setia, Maninder Singh

    2016-01-01

    Once the research question and the research design have been finalised, it is important to select the appropriate sample for the study. The method by which the researcher selects the sample is the ' Sampling Method'. There are essentially two types of sampling methods: 1) probability sampling - based on chance events (such as random numbers, flipping a coin etc.); and 2) non-probability sampling - based on researcher's choice, population that accessible & available. Some of the non-probability sampling methods are: purposive sampling, convenience sampling, or quota sampling. Random sampling method (such as simple random sample or stratified random sample) is a form of probability sampling. It is important to understand the different sampling methods used in clinical studies and mention this method clearly in the manuscript. The researcher should not misrepresent the sampling method in the manuscript (such as using the term ' random sample' when the researcher has used convenience sample). The sampling method will depend on the research question. For instance, the researcher may want to understand an issue in greater detail for one particular population rather than worry about the ' generalizability' of these results. In such a scenario, the researcher may want to use ' purposive sampling' for the study.

  13. Methodology Series Module 5: Sampling Strategies

    PubMed Central

    Setia, Maninder Singh

    2016-01-01

    Once the research question and the research design have been finalised, it is important to select the appropriate sample for the study. The method by which the researcher selects the sample is the ‘ Sampling Method’. There are essentially two types of sampling methods: 1) probability sampling – based on chance events (such as random numbers, flipping a coin etc.); and 2) non-probability sampling – based on researcher's choice, population that accessible & available. Some of the non-probability sampling methods are: purposive sampling, convenience sampling, or quota sampling. Random sampling method (such as simple random sample or stratified random sample) is a form of probability sampling. It is important to understand the different sampling methods used in clinical studies and mention this method clearly in the manuscript. The researcher should not misrepresent the sampling method in the manuscript (such as using the term ‘ random sample’ when the researcher has used convenience sample). The sampling method will depend on the research question. For instance, the researcher may want to understand an issue in greater detail for one particular population rather than worry about the ‘ generalizability’ of these results. In such a scenario, the researcher may want to use ‘ purposive sampling’ for the study. PMID:27688438

  14. 76 FR 3090 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Alaska Region; Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-19

    ... submitted on or before March 21, 2011. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to Diana Hynek, Departmental... fisheries. Program components include quota share allocation, processor quota share allocation, individual... Binding Arbitration process, and fee collection. II. Method of Collection Responses are mailed, except the...

  15. 76 FR 65180 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Application to Shuck Surf Clams/Ocean Quahogs...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-20

    .... Method of Collection Requests from allocation holders to transfer quota use paper applications or an... submitted on or before December 19, 2011. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to Diana Hynek... transferable quota (ITQ) allocation holders in order to process and track requests from the allocation holders...

  16. 77 FR 16209 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Tilefish Individual Fishing Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-20

    ... Northeastern U.S. EEZ. II. Method of Collection The IFQ Allocation permit application, IFQ ownership cap form... before May 21, 2012. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to Jennifer Jessup, Departmental Paperwork... applications to ensure that IFQ allocation owners are provided a statement of their annual catch quota, and for...

  17. 77 FR 16210 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Tilefish Individual Fishing Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-20

    ... Northeastern U.S. EEZ. II. Method of Collection The IFQ Allocation permit application, IFQ ownership cap form... before May 21, 2012. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to Jennifer Jessup, Departmental Paperwork... applications to ensure that IFQ allocation owners are provided a statement of their annual catch quota, and for...

  18. 78 FR 30865 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Tilefish Individual Fishing Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-23

    ... Northeastern U.S. EEZ. II. Method of Collection The IFQ Allocation permit application, IFQ holder cap form, and... before July 22, 2013. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to Jennifer Jessup, Departmental Paperwork... applications to ensure that IFQ allocation holders are provided a statement of their annual catch quota, and...

  19. 19 CFR 132.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... indicated: (a) Absolute (or quantitative) quotas. “Absolute (or quantitative) quotas” are those which permit... for consumption of merchandise subject to quota are permitted. Some absolute quotas limit the entry or... absolute or a tariff-rate quota. (f) Quota priority. “Quota priority” is the precedence granted to one...

  20. 19 CFR 132.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... indicated: (a) Absolute (or quantitative) quotas. “Absolute (or quantitative) quotas” are those which permit... for consumption of merchandise subject to quota are permitted. Some absolute quotas limit the entry or... absolute or a tariff-rate quota. (f) Quota priority. “Quota priority” is the precedence granted to one...

  1. 7 CFR 1463.105 - Base quota levels for eligible quota holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Base quota levels for eligible quota holders. 1463.105 Section 1463.105 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY... TRANSITION PROGRAM Tobacco Transition Payment Program § 1463.105 Base quota levels for eligible quota holders...

  2. 7 CFR 1463.105 - Base quota levels for eligible quota holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Base quota levels for eligible quota holders. 1463.105 Section 1463.105 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY... TRANSITION PROGRAM Tobacco Transition Payment Program § 1463.105 Base quota levels for eligible quota holders...

  3. 7 CFR 718.206 - Determining farms, tracts, allotments, quotas, and bases when reconstitution is made by division.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    .... (b)(1) The estate method is the pro-rata distribution of allotments, quotas, and bases for a parent... ownership of a tract of land is transferred from a parent farm, the transferring owner may request that the... double cropped, between the parent farm and the transferred tract, or between the various tracts if the...

  4. 19 CFR 132.22 - When quota is filled.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.22 When quota is filled. Any packages containing merchandise subject to an absolute quota which is filled shall be returned to the postmaster for...

  5. 19 CFR 132.22 - When quota is filled.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.22 When quota is filled. Any packages containing merchandise subject to an absolute quota which is filled shall be returned to the postmaster for...

  6. [Dependence of rumen fatty acid production on the composition of rations].

    PubMed

    Lebzien, P; Rohr, K; Oslage, H J

    1981-10-01

    In three experiments with two Black-and-White dairy cows the influence of soybean oil and coconut fat as well as that of rations rich in roughage and concentrated feed on the production of fatty acids were determined with the isotope dilution method. A change in the method of sampling from the rumen in the course of the investigations resulted in distinctly different absolute production quotas, which can presumably be traced back to the disproportionate mixing in of the isotope and/or different production quotas in various regions of the rumen. The relative differences between the production quotas dependent on the rations, however were approximately the same with both sampling methods, so that they make the comparison of the rations concerning rumen fermentation possible. The production of acetic acid and the total production of fatty acids (C2--C4) correlated closely both with the intake of digestible energy and the intake of digestible organic matter. There was also a highly significant correlation o that they make the comparison of the rations concerning rumen fermentation possible. The production of acetic acid and the total production of fatty acids (C2--C4) correlated closely both with the intake of digestible energy and the intake of digestible organic matter. There was also a highly significant correlation o that they make the comparison of the rations concerning rumen fermentation possible. The production of acetic acid and the total production of fatty acids (C2--C4) correlated closely both with the intake of digestible energy and the intake of digestible organic matter. There was also a highly significant correlation between the relation of acetic and propionic acid in the rumen fluid and the quotient from acetic and propionic acid produced. In contrast to this, a significant relation between the concentration of fatty acids and the production of fatty acids could not be ascertained. Soybean oil and coconut fat brought about a slightly better utilisation of the fat-free organic matter for the production of fatty acids in the rumen. This could mainly be traced back to the increased production of propionic acid. The production of acetic acid per kg fat-free organic matter was insignificantly reduced. A reduced quota of roughage in the ration as well as the use of feed fats resulted in a decrease in the production of acetic acid and an increase in the production of propionic acid. The influence of the quota of roughage, however, was bigger than that of the use of fats. When rations rich in roughage were given, the share the energy contained in the total fatty acids has in the total of the digested energy was, on an average of both animals, slightly lower in comparison to rations rich in concentrated feed. However, the reason for this is not to be found in a lower share the energy digested in the stomachs has in the total of digested energy but in a higher amount of fermentation losses with a nutrition rich in roughage.

  7. 75 FR 57240 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2011 Commercial Fishing Season and Adaptive Management...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-20

    ... on the status of the stock or quota group. If the annual quota for non- sandbar LCS is not exceeded... sharks, porbeagle sharks, non- sandbar LCS, blue sharks) or specific species within a quota group (e.g... opening Species group Region quota landings\\1\\ Overharvest quota\\2\\ quota dates (A) (B) (C) (D) (D-C) Non...

  8. Design-based Sample and Probability Law-Assumed Sample: Their Role in Scientific Investigation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ojeda, Mario Miguel; Sahai, Hardeo

    2002-01-01

    Discusses some key statistical concepts in probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling to provide an overview for understanding the inference process. Suggests a statistical model constituting the basis of statistical inference and provides a brief review of the finite population descriptive inference and a quota sampling inferential theory.…

  9. 50 CFR 622.42 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    .... Except for the quotas for Gulf and South Atlantic coral, the quotas include species harvested from state... person subject to the bag limits.) (a) Gulf reef fish—(1) Commercial quotas. The following quotas apply to persons who fish under commercial vessel permits for Gulf reef fish, as required under § 622.4(a...

  10. 50 CFR 622.42 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    .... Except for the quotas for Gulf and South Atlantic coral, the quotas include species harvested from state... person subject to the bag limits.) (a) Gulf reef fish—(1) Commercial quotas. The following quotas apply to persons who fish under commercial vessel permits for Gulf reef fish, as required under § 622.4(a...

  11. 50 CFR 622.42 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... South Atlantic coral, the quotas include species harvested from state waters adjoining the EEZ. Quotas... limits.) (a) Gulf reef fish—(1) Commercial quotas. The following quotas apply to persons who fish under commercial vessel permits for Gulf reef fish, as required under § 622.4(a)(2)(v). (i) Red snapper -3.542...

  12. 21 CFR 1303.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1303.26 Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. The Administrator may at any time reduce an individual manufacturing quota for a basic class of controlled substance listed... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1303...

  13. 7 CFR 1463.105 - Base quota levels for eligible quota holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... the BQL adjustment factor 1.071295. (Note: The factor adjusts the 2004 basic quota to the 2002 basic... farm. (Note: In the case of undivided tract ownership, BQL must be distributed among the tract quota... basic quota, multiplied by the BQL adjustment factor 1.23457. (Note: The factor adjusts the 2004 basic...

  14. 7 CFR 1463.105 - Base quota levels for eligible quota holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the BQL adjustment factor 1.071295. (Note: The factor adjusts the 2004 basic quota to the 2002 basic... farm. (Note: In the case of undivided tract ownership, BQL must be distributed among the tract quota... basic quota, multiplied by the BQL adjustment factor 1.23457. (Note: The factor adjusts the 2004 basic...

  15. 50 CFR 648.294 - Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program... Management Measures for the Tilefish Fishery § 648.294 Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program. (a) IFQ... quota share holders who held IFQ quota share as of September 1 of a given fishing year. Allocations...

  16. 50 CFR 648.294 - Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program... Management Measures for the Tilefish Fishery § 648.294 Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program. (a) IFQ... quota share holders who held IFQ quota share as of September 1 of a given fishing year. Allocations...

  17. 76 FR 46267 - Increase in Fiscal Year 2011 Specialty Sugar Tariff-Rate Quota; Determination of Total Amounts of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-02

    ... Tariff-Rate Quota; Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane... Raw Sugar Tariff- Rate Quota AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The... year (FY) 2011 specialty sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) of 9,072 metric tons raw value (MTRV). The...

  18. Methodology Series Module 10: Qualitative Health Research

    PubMed Central

    Setia, Maninder Singh

    2017-01-01

    Although quantitative designs are commonly used in clinical research, some studies require qualitative methods. These designs are different from quantitative methods; thus, researchers should be aware of data collection methods and analyses for qualitative research. Qualitative methods are particularly useful to understand patient experiences with the treatment or new methods of management or to explore issues in detail. These methods are useful in social and behavioral research. In qualitative research, often, the main focus is to understand the issue in detail rather than generalizability; thus, the sampling methods commonly used are purposive sampling; quota sampling; and snowball sampling (for hard to reach groups). Data can be collected using in-depth interviews (IDIs) or focus group discussions (FGDs). IDI is a one-to-one interview with the participant. FGD is a method of group interview or discussion, in which more than one participant is interviewed at the same time and is usually led by a facilitator. The commonly used methods for data analysis are: thematic analysis; grounded theory analysis; and framework analysis. Qualitative data collection and analysis require special expertise. Hence, if the reader plans to conduct qualitative research, they should team up with a qualitative researcher. PMID:28794545

  19. Methodology Series Module 10: Qualitative Health Research.

    PubMed

    Setia, Maninder Singh

    2017-01-01

    Although quantitative designs are commonly used in clinical research, some studies require qualitative methods. These designs are different from quantitative methods; thus, researchers should be aware of data collection methods and analyses for qualitative research. Qualitative methods are particularly useful to understand patient experiences with the treatment or new methods of management or to explore issues in detail. These methods are useful in social and behavioral research. In qualitative research, often, the main focus is to understand the issue in detail rather than generalizability; thus, the sampling methods commonly used are purposive sampling; quota sampling; and snowball sampling (for hard to reach groups). Data can be collected using in-depth interviews (IDIs) or focus group discussions (FGDs). IDI is a one-to-one interview with the participant. FGD is a method of group interview or discussion, in which more than one participant is interviewed at the same time and is usually led by a facilitator. The commonly used methods for data analysis are: thematic analysis; grounded theory analysis; and framework analysis. Qualitative data collection and analysis require special expertise. Hence, if the reader plans to conduct qualitative research, they should team up with a qualitative researcher.

  20. 19 CFR 132.5 - Merchandise imported in excess of quota quantities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... quantities. (a) Absolute quota merchandise. Absolute quota merchandise imported in excess of the quantity... merchandise. Merchandise imported in excess of either an absolute or a tariff-rate quota may be held for the...

  1. 19 CFR 132.5 - Merchandise imported in excess of quota quantities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... quantities. (a) Absolute quota merchandise. Absolute quota merchandise imported in excess of the quantity... merchandise. Merchandise imported in excess of either an absolute or a tariff-rate quota may be held for the...

  2. Nonprobability Web Surveys to Measure Sexual Behaviors and Attitudes in the General Population: A Comparison With a Probability Sample Interview Survey

    PubMed Central

    Burkill, Sarah; Couper, Mick P; Conrad, Frederick; Clifton, Soazig; Tanton, Clare; Phelps, Andrew; Datta, Jessica; Mercer, Catherine H; Sonnenberg, Pam; Prah, Philip; Mitchell, Kirstin R; Wellings, Kaye; Johnson, Anne M; Copas, Andrew J

    2014-01-01

    Background Nonprobability Web surveys using volunteer panels can provide a relatively cheap and quick alternative to traditional health and epidemiological surveys. However, concerns have been raised about their representativeness. Objective The aim was to compare results from different Web panels with a population-based probability sample survey (n=8969 aged 18-44 years) that used computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) for sensitive behaviors, the third British National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3). Methods Natsal-3 questions were included on 4 nonprobability Web panel surveys (n=2000 to 2099), 2 using basic quotas based on age and sex, and 2 using modified quotas based on additional variables related to key estimates. Results for sociodemographic characteristics were compared with external benchmarks and for sexual behaviors and opinions with Natsal-3. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to express differences between the benchmark data and each survey for each variable of interest. A summary measure of survey performance was the average absolute OR across variables. Another summary measure was the number of key estimates for which the survey differed significantly (at the 5% level) from the benchmarks. Results For sociodemographic variables, the Web surveys were less representative of the general population than Natsal-3. For example, for men, the average absolute OR for Natsal-3 was 1.14, whereas for the Web surveys the average absolute ORs ranged from 1.86 to 2.30. For all Web surveys, approximately two-thirds of the key estimates of sexual behaviors were different from Natsal-3 and the average absolute ORs ranged from 1.32 to 1.98. Differences were appreciable even for questions asked by CASI in Natsal-3. No single Web survey performed consistently better than any other did. Modified quotas slightly improved results for men, but not for women. Conclusions Consistent with studies from other countries on less sensitive topics, volunteer Web panels provided appreciably biased estimates. The differences seen with Natsal-3 CASI questions, where mode effects may be similar, suggest a selection bias in the Web surveys. The use of more complex quotas may lead to some improvement, but many estimates are still likely to differ. Volunteer Web panels are not recommended if accurate prevalence estimates for the general population are a key objective. PMID:25488851

  3. Consumer Attitudes Toward Animal Welfare-Friendly Products and Willingness to Pay: Exploration of Mexican Market Segments.

    PubMed

    Miranda-de la Lama, Genaro C; Estévez-Moreno, Laura X; Villarroel, Morris; Rayas-Amor, Adolfo A; María, Gustavo A; Sepúlveda, Wilmer S

    2018-04-03

    The study aim was to identify consumer segmentation based on nonhuman animal welfare (AW) attitudes and their relationship with demographic features and willingness to pay (WTP) for welfare-friendly products (WFP) in Mexico. Personal interviews were conducted with 843 Mexican consumers who stated they purchased most of the animal products in their home. Respondents were selected using a quota sampling method with age, gender, education, and origin as quota control variables. The multivariate analysis suggested there were three clusters or consumer profiles labeled "skeptical," "concerned," and "ethical," which helped explain the association between AW attitudes, some demographic variables, and WTP for WFP. This study is one of the first to address consumer profiling in Latin America, and the findings could have implications for the commercialization of WFP. Hence, customers should receive information to consider welfare innovations when deciding to purchase animal products. The growth of the WFP food market establishes an element of a far more multifaceted phenomenon of sustainable consumption and support of a new paradigm called responsible marketing in emerging markets such as Mexico.

  4. Results of physician licence examination and scholarship contract compliance by the graduates of regional quotas in Japanese medical schools: a nationwide cross-sectional survey

    PubMed Central

    Matsumoto, Masatoshi; Takeuchi, Keisuke; Owaki, Tetsuhiro; Iguchi, Seitaro; Inoue, Kazuo; Kashima, Saori; Tazuma, Susumu; Maeda, Takahiro

    2017-01-01

    Objectives Responding to the serious shortage of physicians in rural areas, the Japanese government has aggressively increased the number of entrants to medical schools since 2008, mostly as a chiikiwaku, entrants filling a regional quota. The quota has spread to most medical schools, and these entrants occupied 16% of all medical school seats in 2016. Most of these entrants were admitted to medical school with a scholarship with the understanding that after graduation they will practise in designated areas of their home prefectures for several years. The quota and scholarship programmes will be revised by the government starting in 2018. This study evaluates the intermediate outcomes of these programmes. Design Cross-sectional survey to all prefectural governments and medical schools every year from 2014 to 2017 to obtain data on medical graduates. Settings Nationwide. Participants All quota and non-quota graduates with prefecture scholarship in each prefecture, and all the quota graduates without scholarship in each medical school. Primary outcome measures Passing rate of the National License Examination for Physicians and the percentage of graduates who have not bought out the scholarship contract after graduation. Results Most prefectures and medical schools in Japan participated in this study (97.8%–100%). Quota graduates with scholarship were significantly more likely to pass the National License Examination for Physicians than the other medical graduates in Japan at all the years (97.9%, 96.7%, 97.4% and 94.7% vs 93.9%, 94.5%, 94.3% and 91.8%, respectively). The percentage of quota graduates with scholarship who remained in the scholarship contract 3 years after graduation was 92.2% and 89.9% for non-quota graduates with scholarship. Conclusions Quota entrants showed better academic performance than their peers. Most of the quota graduates remained in the contractual workforce. The imminent revision of the national policy regarding quota and scholarship programmes needs to be based on this evidence. PMID:29275351

  5. 7 CFR 1463.105 - Base quota levels for eligible quota holders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Base quota levels for eligible quota holders. 1463.105 Section 1463.105 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS 2005-2014 TOBACCO...

  6. 75 FR 10223 - Whaling Provisions; Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-05

    ... whales. SUMMARY: NMFS provides notification of the aboriginal subsistence whaling quota for bowhead whales that it has assigned to the Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission (AEWC), and other limitations...). For 2010, the quota is 75 bowhead whales struck. This quota and other limitations govern the harvest...

  7. 76 FR 16388 - Whaling Provisions; Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... whales. SUMMARY: NMFS provides notification of the aboriginal subsistence whaling quota for bowhead whales that it has assigned to the Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission (AEWC), and other limitations...). For 2011, the quota is 75 bowhead whales struck. This quota and other limitations govern the harvest...

  8. 50 CFR 622.39 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...) Commercial quota for red snapper—5.610 million lb (2.545 million kg), round weight. (ii) Deep-water groupers... million lb (0.464 million kg). (iii) Shallow-water groupers (SWG) have separate quotas for gag and red grouper and a combined quota for other shallow-water grouper (Other SWG) species (including black grouper...

  9. 19 CFR 132.13 - Quotas after opening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Customs custody until Headquarters has determined the quantity entitled to the quota rate. (ii) Absolute. Except as provided for in § 142.21 (e)(2) and (g) of this chapter, absolute quota merchandise shall not... merchandise shall not be released until Customs has determined the quantity entitled to absolute quota status...

  10. 19 CFR 132.23 - Partial release procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.23 Partial release procedure. (a... Acknowledgement of Delivery by Postal Service, the packages admissible under the absolute quota will be forwarded... may at his discretion hold packages if it appears that the absolute quota will reopen in less than 30...

  11. 19 CFR 132.23 - Partial release procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.23 Partial release procedure. (a... Acknowledgement of Delivery by Postal Service, the packages admissible under the absolute quota will be forwarded... may at his discretion hold packages if it appears that the absolute quota will reopen in less than 30...

  12. 19 CFR 132.13 - Quotas after opening.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Customs custody until Headquarters has determined the quantity entitled to the quota rate. (ii) Absolute. Except as provided for in § 142.21 (e)(2) and (g) of this chapter, absolute quota merchandise shall not... merchandise shall not be released until Customs has determined the quantity entitled to absolute quota status...

  13. 7 CFR 718.204 - Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases. 718... PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO MULTIPLE PROGRAMS Reconstitution of Farms, Allotments, Quotas, and Bases § 718.204 Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases. (a) Farms shall be reconstituted in accordance with this subpart...

  14. 21 CFR 1303.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... holds an individual manufacturing quota for a basic class of controlled substance listed in Schedule I... exceeds the aggregate of all the individual manufacturing quotas for the basic class of controlled... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1303...

  15. 21 CFR 1303.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... controlled substance listed in Schedule I or II, and who applies for a manufacturing quota, an individual... basic class. Any manufacturing quota fixed and issued by the Administrator shall be subject to his... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1303.21 Section...

  16. 77 FR 21540 - Whaling Provisions; Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-10

    ... whales. SUMMARY: NMFS notifies the public of the aboriginal subsistence whaling quota for bowhead whales... Commission (IWC). For 2012, the quota is 75 bowhead whales struck. This quota and other applicable limitations govern the harvest of bowhead whales by members of the AEWC. DATES: Effective April 10, 2012...

  17. 7 CFR 718.204 - Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases. 718... PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO MULTIPLE PROGRAMS Reconstitution of Farms, Allotments, Quotas, and Bases § 718.204 Reconstitution of allotments, quotas, and bases. (a) Farms shall be reconstituted in accordance with this subpart...

  18. 27 CFR 6.71 - Quota sales.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Quota sales. 6.71 Section 6.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ALCOHOL âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Quota Sales § 6.71 Quota sales. The act by an...

  19. 27 CFR 6.71 - Quota sales.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Quota sales. 6.71 Section 6.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Quota Sales § 6.71 Quota sales. The act by an...

  20. 27 CFR 6.71 - Quota sales.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Quota sales. 6.71 Section 6.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ALCOHOL âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Quota Sales § 6.71 Quota sales. The act by an...

  1. 7 CFR Appendices 1, 2 and 3 to... - Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 1, 2 and 3 to Subpart Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES... and 3 to Subpart—Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing Articles Subject to: Appendix 1, Historical Licenses; Appendix 2, Nonhistorical Licenses; and Appendix 3, Designated Importer Licenses for Quota Year...

  2. 77 FR 19951 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-03

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XB103 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the... commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of Virginia. NMFS is adjusting the quotas and announcing...

  3. 50 CFR 665.269 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.269(d). Only live coral is counted toward the quota... bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral has...

  4. 50 CFR 665.467 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.467(d). Only live coral is counted toward... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  5. 50 CFR 665.667 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... § 665.667 Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.667(d). Only live coral is counted.... A conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one...

  6. 50 CFR 665.467 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.467(d). Only live coral is counted toward... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  7. 50 CFR 665.269 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.269(d). Only live coral is counted toward the quota... bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral has...

  8. 50 CFR 665.467 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.467(d). Only live coral is counted toward... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  9. 50 CFR 665.467 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.467(d). Only live coral is counted toward... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  10. 50 CFR 665.667 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... § 665.667 Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.667(d). Only live coral is counted.... A conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one...

  11. 50 CFR 665.667 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... § 665.667 Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.667(d). Only live coral is counted.... A conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one...

  12. 50 CFR 665.269 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.269(d). Only live coral is counted toward the quota... bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral has...

  13. 50 CFR 665.467 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Quotas. (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.467(d). Only live coral is counted toward... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  14. 19 CFR 10.23 - Standards, quotas, and visas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Standards, quotas, and visas. 10.23 Section 10.23... Abroad with United States Components § 10.23 Standards, quotas, and visas. All requirements and... properties, quotas, and visas, apply to assembled articles eligible for the exemption in the same manner as...

  15. 19 CFR 10.23 - Standards, quotas, and visas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Standards, quotas, and visas. 10.23 Section 10.23... Abroad with United States Components § 10.23 Standards, quotas, and visas. All requirements and... properties, quotas, and visas, apply to assembled articles eligible for the exemption in the same manner as...

  16. 19 CFR 10.23 - Standards, quotas, and visas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Standards, quotas, and visas. 10.23 Section 10.23... Abroad with United States Components § 10.23 Standards, quotas, and visas. All requirements and... properties, quotas, and visas, apply to assembled articles eligible for the exemption in the same manner as...

  17. 19 CFR 10.23 - Standards, quotas, and visas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Standards, quotas, and visas. 10.23 Section 10.23... Abroad with United States Components § 10.23 Standards, quotas, and visas. All requirements and... properties, quotas, and visas, apply to assembled articles eligible for the exemption in the same manner as...

  18. 19 CFR 10.23 - Standards, quotas, and visas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Standards, quotas, and visas. 10.23 Section 10.23... Abroad with United States Components § 10.23 Standards, quotas, and visas. All requirements and... properties, quotas, and visas, apply to assembled articles eligible for the exemption in the same manner as...

  19. Response of Phytoplankton Iron Contents to Gradients in Iron Availability in the California Current System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Twining, B. S.; Jacquot, J. E.; Rauschenberg, S.; Enright, J.; Marchetti, A.; Cohen, N.; Brown, M.; Parker, C.; Bruland, K. W.

    2016-02-01

    Iron is a critical micronutrient that controls primary production in large swaths of the global ocean. Experiments with laboratory cultures indicate that phytoplankton differ in their ability to compete for and store Fe in response to varying ambient Fe concentrations. However there are very few measurements of the physiological responses of natural phytoplankton populations to gradients in Fe availability. Incubation experiments were conducted off the coast of California and Oregon at two sites characterized by a 10-fold difference in dissolved Fe (0.3 and 3 nM). In each experiment, incubation water was amended with either dissolved Fe (5-10 nM), the model siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFB; 200 nM), or left unamended. Iron contents of three abundant diatom groups (Chaetoceros sp. and large and small pennate diatoms) were monitored by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence, along with dissolved and bulk particulate trace metals and macronutrients over the course of 3 days. Transcriptomic samples were also collected at daily timepoints to assess molecular responses. Added dissolved Fe was drawn down in both experiments, while DFB appeared to solubilize a fraction of ambient particulate Fe in the high-Fe experiment. Iron quotas of unamended diatoms were nearly 10-fold higher under high-Fe conditions. Quotas increased in response to added Fe in both experiments, but the magnitude of changes varied between diatom taxa. DFB additions resulted in reduced Fe quotas in the low-Fe incubation, since cells were presumably forced to use internal Fe stores to support growth. These data demonstrate significant plasticity in the abilities of phytoplankton to take advantage of changing micronutrient inputs. Quota data will be compared to transcript abundance data to ascertain mechanisms of Fe quota maintenance.

  20. 21 CFR 1315.30 - Procurement and import quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas... adequate and uninterrupted supply of, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine the Administrator...

  1. 21 CFR 1315.30 - Procurement and import quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas... adequate and uninterrupted supply of, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine the Administrator...

  2. 21 CFR 1315.30 - Procurement and import quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas... adequate and uninterrupted supply of, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine the Administrator...

  3. 21 CFR 1315.30 - Procurement and import quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas... adequate and uninterrupted supply of, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine the Administrator...

  4. 21 CFR 1315.30 - Procurement and import quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas... adequate and uninterrupted supply of, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine the Administrator...

  5. 21 CFR 1315.23 - Procedure for fixing individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual... manufacturing quotas for ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, the Administrator shall allocate...

  6. 21 CFR 1315.23 - Procedure for fixing individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual... manufacturing quotas for ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, the Administrator shall allocate...

  7. 21 CFR 1315.23 - Procedure for fixing individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual... manufacturing quotas for ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, the Administrator shall allocate...

  8. 21 CFR 1315.23 - Procedure for fixing individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual... manufacturing quotas for ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, the Administrator shall allocate...

  9. A Study on Differential Aptitude and Teaching Competency of Student Teachers in Kancheepuram District

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shanmugam, P. N. Lakshmi

    2016-01-01

    The investigator studied the differential aptitude and teaching competency of student teachers in Kancheepuram district. The sample consisted of 300 student teachers drawn by questionnaire through quota sampling technique from SRM School of Teacher Education and Research and Muthukumaran College of Education. It was found that student teachers…

  10. 77 FR 65439 - Implementation of United States-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-26

    ... Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: USTR is providing notice that the tariff-rate quotas for sugar... Agreement establishes three tariff-rate quotas for imports of sugar from Panama. USTR is providing notice...

  11. 77 FR 24759 - Implementation of United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-25

    ... Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: USTR is providing notice that the tariff-rate quota for sugar... Agreement establishes a tariff-rate quota for imports of sugar from Colombia. USTR is providing notice that...

  12. 75 FR 82295 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-30

    .... 0908191244-91427-02] RIN 0648-XA073 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2010 commercial summer flounder quota to the... summer flounder quota to the State of Rhode Island. By this action, NMFS adjusts the quotas and announces...

  13. 19 CFR 132.21 - Regulations applicable.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.21 Regulations applicable. In addition... regulations in this subpart shall apply to mail importations of absolute quota merchandise. ...

  14. 19 CFR 132.21 - Regulations applicable.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.21 Regulations applicable. In addition... regulations in this subpart shall apply to mail importations of absolute quota merchandise. ...

  15. The current shortage and future surplus of doctors: a projection of the future growth of the Japanese medical workforce

    PubMed Central

    2011-01-01

    Background Starting in the late 1980s, the Japanese government decreased the number of students accepted into medical school each year in order to reduce healthcare spending. The result of this policy is a serious shortage of doctors in Japan today, which has become a social problem in recent years. In an attempt to solve this problem, the Japanese government decided in 2007 to increase the medical student quota from 7625 to 8848. Furthermore, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), Japan's ruling party after the 2009 election, promised in their manifesto to increase the medical student quota to 1.5 times what it was in 2007, in order to raise the number of medical doctors to more than 3.0 per 1000 persons. It should be noted, however, that this rapid increase in the medical student quota may bring about a serious doctor surplus in the future, especially because the population of Japan is decreasing. The purpose of this research is to project the future growth of the Japanese medical doctor workforce from 2008 to 2050 and to forecast whether the proposed additional increase in the student quota will cause a doctor surplus. Methods Simulation modeling of the Japanese medical workforce. Results Even if the additional increase in the medical student quota promised by the DPJ fails, the number of practitioners is projected to increase from 286 699 (2.25 per 1000 persons) in 2008 to 365 533 (over the national numerical goal of 3.0 per 1000) in 2024. The number of practitioners per 1000 persons is projected to further increase to 3.10 in 2025, to 3.71 in 2035, and to 4.69 in 2050. If the additional increase in the medical student quota promised by the DPJ is realized, the total workforce is projected to rise to 392 331 (3.29 per 1000 persons) in 2025, 464 296 (4.20 per 1,000 persons) in 2035, and 545 230 (5.73 per 1000 persons) in 2050. Conclusions The plan to increase the medical student quota will bring about a serious doctor surplus in the long run. PMID:21619585

  16. 76 FR 21418 - Fiscal Year 2011 Allocation of Additional Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-15

    ...-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and Reallocation of Unused Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar and of country-by-country reallocations of the FY 2011 in-quota quantity...

  17. 77 FR 25012 - Fiscal Year 2012 Allocation of Additional Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-26

    ...-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and Reallocation of Unused Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar and of country-by-country reallocations of the FY 2012 in-quota quantity...

  18. 76 FR 60801 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2012 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-30

    ... Licenses for the 2012 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY: Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces a fee of $170 to be charged for the 2012 tariff-rate quota (TRQ...) authorizing the importation of certain dairy articles, which are subject to tariff-rate quotas set forth in...

  19. 50 CFR 622.384 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... and western zones separated by 87°31.1′ W. long., which is a line directly south from the Alabama... years, the hook-and-line quota is 551,448 lb (250,133 kg) and the run-around gillnet quota is 551,448 lb (250,133 kg). (2) Northern. For the 2012 to 2013 fishing year, the quota is 197,064 lb (89,387 kg). For...

  20. 50 CFR 622.384 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... and western zones separated by 87°31.1′ W. long., which is a line directly south from the Alabama... years, the hook-and-line quota is 551,448 lb (250,133 kg) and the run-around gillnet quota is 551,448 lb (250,133 kg). (2) Northern. For the 2012 to 2013 fishing year, the quota is 197,064 lb (89,387 kg). For...

  1. 27 CFR 6.71 - Quota sales.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Quota sales. 6.71 Section 6.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Quota Sales § 6.71 Quota sales. The act by an industry member of requiring a retailer to take...

  2. 27 CFR 6.71 - Quota sales.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Quota sales. 6.71 Section 6.71 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Quota Sales § 6.71 Quota sales. The act by an industry member of requiring a retailer to take...

  3. Improving dynamic phytoplankton reserve-utilization models with an indirect proxy for internal nitrogen.

    PubMed

    Malerba, Martino E; Heimann, Kirsten; Connolly, Sean R

    2016-09-07

    Ecologists have often used indirect proxies to represent variables that are difficult or impossible to measure directly. In phytoplankton, the internal concentration of the most limiting nutrient in a cell determines its growth rate. However, directly measuring the concentration of nutrients within cells is inaccurate, expensive, destructive, and time-consuming, substantially impairing our ability to model growth rates in nutrient-limited phytoplankton populations. The red chlorophyll autofluorescence (hereafter "red fluorescence") signal emitted by a cell is highly correlated with nitrogen quota in nitrogen-limited phytoplankton species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of including flow cytometric red fluorescence as a proxy for internal nitrogen status to model phytoplankton growth rates. To this end, we used the classic Quota model and designed three approaches to calibrate its model parameters to data: where empirical observations on cell internal nitrogen quota were used to fit the model ("Nitrogen-Quota approach"), where quota dynamics were inferred only from changes in medium nutrient depletion and population density ("Virtual-Quota approach"), or where red fluorescence emission of a cell was used as an indirect proxy for its internal nitrogen quota ("Fluorescence-Quota approach"). Two separate analyses were carried out. In the first analysis, stochastic model simulations were parameterized from published empirical relationships and used to generate dynamics of phytoplankton communities reared under nitrogen-limited conditions. Quota models were fitted to the dynamics of each simulated species with the three different approaches and the performance of each model was compared. In the second analysis, we fit Quota models to laboratory time-series and we calculate the ability of each calibration approach to describe the observed trajectories of internal nitrogen quota in the culture. Results from both analyses concluded that the Fluorescence-Quota approach including per-cell red fluorescence as a proxy of internal nitrogen substantially improved the ability of Quota models to describe phytoplankton dynamics, while still accounting for the biologically important process of cell nitrogen storage. More broadly, many population models in ecology implicitly recognize the importance of accounting for storage mechanisms to describe the dynamics of individual organisms. Hence, the approach documented here with phytoplankton dynamics may also be useful for evaluating the potential of indirect proxies in other ecological systems. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. 75 FR 47258 - Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-05

    ... Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and Certain Sugars...) 2011 in-quota aggregate quantity of the raw, as well as, refined and specialty sugar Tariff-Rate Quotas (TRQ) as required under the U.S. World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments. The FY 2011 raw cane sugar...

  5. 77 FR 55451 - Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-10

    ... Secretary Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and...) 2013 (October 1, 2012-September 30, 2013) in-quota aggregate quantity of the raw, as well as, refined and specialty sugar Tariff-Rate Quotas (TRQ). The FY 2013 raw cane sugar TRQ is established at 1,117...

  6. 75 FR 53271 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2011 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-31

    ... Service Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2011 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY... charged for the 2011 tariff-rate quota (TRQ) year for each license issued to a person or firm by the U.S... tariff-rate quotas set forth in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) of the United States. DATES...

  7. Gender quotas for women in national politics: A comparative analysis across development thresholds.

    PubMed

    Rosen, Jennifer

    2017-08-01

    Women's share of global lower or single house parliamentary seats has increased by over 70% over the course of the 21st century. Yet these increases have not been uniform across countries. Rather countries with low levels of socioeconomic development have outpaced developed democracies in terms of the gains made in the formal political representation of women. One reasonable explanation for this trend is the adoption in many poorer countries of national gender quota legislation, that is, affirmative action laws intended to compensate for sex discrimination in the electoral process. Yet, cross-national analyses examining quotas as an explanatory factor typically use a simple binary (yes/no) variable that either conflates the diverse intra-quota variations into a single variable or includes only one part of the many quota variations. By contrast, using an originally compiled dataset that includes 167 countries from 1992 to 2012, this paper employs measures of gender quota legislation that capture the complexity and considerable diversity of existing quota legislation. These measures allow us to identify the specific factors that have helped so many less developed countries rise to the top of international rankings in recent years. The findings indicate that the effect of each type of gender quota, as well as other explanatory variables, do not operate in the same way across all countries. Specifically, voluntary political party quotas are substantially more effective in developed countries, while reserved seat quotas are only significant in least developed countries. Electoral candidate quotas, on the other hand, can be significant across all countries, however only have a positive effect when they are accompanied by placement mandates that ensure women are placed in winnable positions, sanctions for non-compliance that are significant enough to force adherence, and a minimum mandated threshold of at least 30%. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. 50 CFR 622.39 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FISHERIES OF THE CARIBBEAN, GULF OF MEXICO, AND SOUTH ATLANTIC Reef Fish Resources of the Gulf of Mexico § 622.39 Quotas. See § 622.8 for general provisions regarding quota applicability...

  9. Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Peacock, E.; Titus, K.; Garshelis, D.L.; Peacock, M.M.; Kuc, M.

    2011-01-01

    We used tetracycline biomarking, augmented with genetic methods to estimate the size of an American black bear (Ursus americanus) population on an island in Southeast Alaska. We marked 132 and 189 bears that consumed remote, tetracycline-laced baits in 2 different years, respectively, and observed 39 marks in 692 bone samples subsequently collected from hunters. We genetically analyzed hair samples from bait sites to determine the sex of marked bears, facilitating derivation of sex-specific population estimates. We obtained harvest samples from beyond the study area to correct for emigration. We estimated a density of 155 independent bears/100 km2, which is equivalent to the highest recorded for this species. This high density appears to be maintained by abundant, accessible natural food. Our population estimate (approx. 1,000 bears) could be used as a baseline and to set hunting quotas. The refined biomarking method for abundance estimation is a useful alternative where physical captures or DNA-based estimates are precluded by cost or logistics. Copyright ?? 2011 The Wildlife Society.

  10. 75 FR 49466 - New England Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-13

    ...-sea monitoring; address portside sampling; require electronic monitoring; and address other elements... Panel. They will also continue development of catch monitoring alternatives for inclusion in Amendment 5... to: improve quota monitoring and reporting; standardize/ certify volumetric measurements of catch...

  11. 50 CFR 665.667 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... species of coral has been taken. (c) Reserves and reserve release. The quotas for exploratory area, X-P-PI... permit area, X-P-PI, has an annual quota of 1,000 kg for all precious coral MUS combined with the...

  12. 50 CFR 665.667 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... species of coral has been taken. (c) Reserves and reserve release. The quotas for exploratory area, X-P-PI... permit area, X-P-PI, has an annual quota of 1,000 kg for all precious coral MUS combined with the...

  13. Combining control measures for more effective management of fisheries under uncertainty: quotas, effort limitation and protected areas.

    PubMed

    Stefansson, Gunnar; Rosenberg, Andrew A

    2005-01-29

    We consider combinations of three types of control measures for the management of fisheries when the input information for policy decisions is uncertain. The methods considered include effort controls, catch quotas and area closures. We simulated a hypothetical fishery loosely based on the Icelandic cod fishery, using a simple spatially explicit dynamic model. We compared the performance with respect to conserving the resource and economic return for each type of control measure alone and in combination. In general, combining more than one type of primary direct control on fishing provides a greater buffer to uncertainty than any single form of fishery control alone. Combining catch quota control with a large closed area is a most effective system for reducing the risk of stock collapse and maintaining both short and long-term economic performance. Effort controls can also be improved by adding closed areas to the management scheme. We recommend that multiple control methods be used wherever possible and that closed areas should be used to buffer uncertainty. To be effective, these closed areas must be large and exclude all principal gears to provide real protection from fishing mortality.

  14. Combining control measures for more effective management of fisheries under uncertainty: quotas, effort limitation and protected areas

    PubMed Central

    Stefansson, Gunnar; Rosenberg, Andrew A.

    2005-01-01

    We consider combinations of three types of control measures for the management of fisheries when the input information for policy decisions is uncertain. The methods considered include effort controls, catch quotas and area closures. We simulated a hypothetical fishery loosely based on the Icelandic cod fishery, using a simple spatially explicit dynamic model. We compared the performance with respect to conserving the resource and economic return for each type of control measure alone and in combination. In general, combining more than one type of primary direct control on fishing provides a greater buffer to uncertainty than any single form of fishery control alone. Combining catch quota control with a large closed area is a most effective system for reducing the risk of stock collapse and maintaining both short and long-term economic performance. Effort controls can also be improved by adding closed areas to the management scheme. We recommend that multiple control methods be used wherever possible and that closed areas should be used to buffer uncertainty. To be effective, these closed areas must be large and exclude all principal gears to provide real protection from fishing mortality. PMID:15713593

  15. 75 FR 47780 - New England Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-09

    ...; observer coverage and portside sampling; and measures to require electronic monitoring. 2. Provide AP... follows: 1. Review and provide AP recommendations regarding catch monitoring alternatives under...: quota monitoring and reporting; measures to confirm the accuracy of self-reporting; catch monitoring and...

  16. 21 CFR 1315.34 - Obtaining an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.34 Obtaining an import quota. (a) Any person who is registered to import ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or... desires to import during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine or...

  17. 21 CFR 1315.34 - Obtaining an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.34 Obtaining an import quota. (a) Any person who is registered to import ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or... desires to import during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine or...

  18. 21 CFR 1315.34 - Obtaining an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.34 Obtaining an import quota. (a) Any person who is registered to import ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or... desires to import during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine or...

  19. 21 CFR 1315.34 - Obtaining an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.34 Obtaining an import quota. (a) Any person who is registered to import ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or... desires to import during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine or...

  20. Trophy Hunting and Sustainability: Temporal Dynamics in Trophy Quality and Harvesting Patterns of Wild Herbivores in a Tropical Semi-Arid Savanna Ecosystem.

    PubMed

    Muposhi, Victor K; Gandiwa, Edson; Bartels, Paul; Makuza, Stanley M; Madiri, Tinaapi H

    2016-01-01

    The selective nature of trophy hunting may cause changes in desirable phenotypic traits in harvested species. A decline in trophy size of preferred species may reduce hunting destination competitiveness thus compromising the sustainability of trophy hunting as a conservation tool. We explored the trophy quality and trends in harvesting patterns (i.e., 2004-2015) of Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer), African elephant (Loxodonta africana), greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and sable (Hippotragus niger) in Matetsi Safari Area, northwest Zimbabwe. We used long-term data on horn and tusk size, age, quota size allocation and offtake levels of selected species. To analyse the effect of year, area and age on the trophy size, quota size and offtake levels, we used linear mixed models. One sample t-test was used to compare observed trophy size with Safari Club International (SCI) minimum score. Trophy sizes for Cape buffalo and African elephant were below the SCI minimum score. Greater kudu trophy sizes were within the minimum score threshold whereas sable trophy sizes were above the SCI minimum score between 2004 and 2015. Age at harvest for Cape buffalo, kudu and sable increased whilst that of elephant remained constant between 2004 and 2015. Quota size allocated for buffalo and the corresponding offtake levels declined over time. Offtake levels of African elephant and Greater kudu declined whilst the quota size did not change between 2004 and 2015. The quota size for sable increased whilst the offtake levels fluctuated without changing for the period 2004-2015. The trophy size and harvesting patterns in these species pose a conservation and management dilemma on the sustainability of trophy hunting in this area. We recommend: (1) temporal and spatial rotational resting of hunting areas to create refuge to improve trophy quality and maintenance of genetic diversity, and (2) introduction of variable trophy fee pricing system based on trophy size.

  1. 7 CFR 6.41 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.41 Definitions. (a) Complainant means the person who has filed with the Investigating..., Livestock and Poultry Division, Commodity Programs, Foreign Agricultural Service. (e) Quota cheese means the...

  2. 21 CFR 1315.32 - Obtaining a procurement quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas..., pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine, or whose requirement of registration is waived pursuant to § 1309.24 of this chapter, and who desires to use during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  3. 21 CFR 1315.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.25 Section 1315.25 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  4. 21 CFR 1315.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.25 Section 1315.25 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  5. 21 CFR 1315.32 - Obtaining a procurement quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas..., pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine, or whose requirement of registration is waived pursuant to § 1309.24 of this chapter, and who desires to use during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  6. 21 CFR 1315.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.25 Section 1315.25 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  7. 21 CFR 1315.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.26 Section 1315.26 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  8. 21 CFR 1315.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.25 Section 1315.25 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  9. 21 CFR 1315.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.26 Section 1315.26 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  10. 21 CFR 1315.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.26 Section 1315.26 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  11. 21 CFR 1315.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.26 Section 1315.26 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  12. 21 CFR 1315.32 - Obtaining a procurement quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas..., pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine, or whose requirement of registration is waived pursuant to § 1309.24 of this chapter, and who desires to use during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  13. 21 CFR 1315.25 - Increase in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Increase in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.25 Section 1315.25 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  14. 21 CFR 1315.26 - Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Reduction in individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.26 Section 1315.26 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing...

  15. 21 CFR 1315.32 - Obtaining a procurement quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas..., pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine, or whose requirement of registration is waived pursuant to § 1309.24 of this chapter, and who desires to use during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  16. 21 CFR 1315.32 - Obtaining a procurement quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas..., pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine, or whose requirement of registration is waived pursuant to § 1309.24 of this chapter, and who desires to use during the next calendar year any ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  17. U.S. Clothing and Textile Trade with China and the World: Trends Since the End of Quotas

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-07-10

    the road to quota-free trade for clothing and textiles, the MFA expanded the scope of the LTA to include wool and man-made fibers. However, concerns...starting a 10-year process of eliminating quotas for international trade in clothing and textiles. The ATC’s quota phase-out contained two concurrent...goods. The ATC also required that products from different categories — textiles and clothing, wool , cotton or man-made fibres, etc. — be included in

  18. Effect of production quotas on economic and environmental values of growth rate and feed efficiency in sea cage fish farming.

    PubMed

    Besson, M; de Boer, I J M; Vandeputte, M; van Arendonk, J A M; Quillet, E; Komen, H; Aubin, J

    2017-01-01

    In sea cage fish farming, production quotas aim to constrain the impact of fish farming on the surrounding ecosystem. It is unknown how these quotas affect economic profitability and environmental impact of genetic improvement. We combined bioeconomic modelling with life cycle assessment (LCA) to calculate the economic (EV) and environmental (ENV) values of thermal growth coefficient (TGC) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of sea bass reared in sea cages, given four types of quota commonly used in Europe: annual production (Qprod), annual feed distributed (Qannual_feed), standing stock (Qstock), and daily feed distributed (Qdaily_feed). ENV were calculated for LCA impact categories climate change, eutrophication and acidification. ENV were expressed per ton of fish produced per year (ENV(fish)) and per farm per year (ENV(farm)). Results show that irrespective of quota used, EV of FCR as well as ENV(fish) and ENV(farm) were always positive, meaning that improving FCR increased profit and decreased environmental impacts. However, the EV and the ENV(fish) of TGC were positive only when quota was Qstock or Qdaily_feed. Moreover, the ENV(farm) of TGC was negative in Qstock and Qdaily_feed quotas, meaning that improving TGC increased the environmental impact of the farm. We conclude that Qstock quota and Qdaily_feed quota are economically favorable to a genetic improvement of TGC, a major trait for farmers. However, improving TGC increases the environmental impact of the farm. Improving FCR represents a good opportunity to balance out this increase but more information on its genetic background is needed to develop breeding programs improving FCR.

  19. Flexible modulation of risk attitude during decision-making under quota.

    PubMed

    Fujimoto, Atsushi; Takahashi, Hidehiko

    2016-10-01

    Risk attitude is often regarded as an intrinsic parameter in the individual personality. However, ethological studies reported state-dependent strategy optimization irrespective of individual preference. To synthesize the two contrasting literatures, we developed a novel gambling task that dynamically manipulated the quota severity (required outcome to clear the task) in a course of choice trials and conducted a task-fMRI study in human participants. The participants showed their individual risk preference when they had no quota constraint ('individual-preference mode'), while they adopted state-dependent optimal strategy when they needed to achieve a quota ('strategy-optimization mode'). fMRI analyses illustrated that the interplay among prefrontal areas and salience-network areas reflected the quota severity and the utilization of the optimal strategy, shedding light on the neural substrates of the quota-dependent risk attitude. Our results demonstrated the complex nature of risk-sensitive decision-making and may provide a new perspective for the understanding of problematic risky behaviors in human. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  20. What is the spatial sampling of MISR?

    Atmospheric Science Data Center

    2014-12-08

    ... spatial resolution of the sensors without exceeding the data transfer quotas, MISR can be operated in two different data acquisition modes: ... data at the full resolution, but only for limited periods of time and therefore for limited regions, typically about 300 km in length (along ...

  1. Methodological issues in the recruitment of ethnic minority subjects to research via the Internet: a discussion paper.

    PubMed

    Im, Eun-Ok; Chee, Wonshik

    2005-11-01

    In this paper, issues in Internet recruitment of ethnic minorities in the US are explored through an analysis of an Internet survey study. The issues include those related to: (a) the difficulties in ensuring authenticity; (b) a lack of cooperation by gate keepers; (c) the flexibility required in the recruitment process; (d) a very low response rate; and (e) selected groups of ethnic minorities. Based on the discussions on the issues, we propose regular updates of knowledge and skills related to Internet interactions and technologies, usage of multiple recruitment sources, pluralistic recruitment approaches, and a quota sampling method.

  2. 50 CFR 679.41 - Transfer of quota shares and IFQ.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Section 679.41 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND... ALASKA Individual Fishing Quota Management Measures § 679.41 Transfer of quota shares and IFQ. (a... from the QS holder's immediate family to receive survivorship transfer privileges in the event of the...

  3. 78 FR 13028 - Whaling Provisions; Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-26

    ... whales. SUMMARY: NMFS notifies the public of the aboriginal subsistence whaling quota for bowhead whales... is 75 bowhead whales struck. This quota and other applicable limitations govern the harvest of bowhead whales by members of the AEWC. DATES: Effective February 26, 2013. ADDRESSES: Office of...

  4. Dutch dairy farms after milk quota abolition: Economic and environmental consequences of a new manure policy.

    PubMed

    Klootwijk, C W; Van Middelaar, C E; Berentsen, P B M; de Boer, I J M

    2016-10-01

    The abolition of the Dutch milk quota system has been accompanied by the introduction of a new manure policy to limit phosphate production (i.e., excretion via manure) on expanding dairy farms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of these recent policy changes on the farm structure, management, labor income, nitrogen and phosphate surpluses, and greenhouse gas emissions of an average Dutch dairy farm. The new manure policy requires that any increase in phosphate production be partly processed and partly applied to additional farmland. In addition, phosphate quotas have been introduced. Herein, we used a whole-farm optimization model to simulate an average farm before and after quota abolition and introduction of the new manure policy. The objective function of the model maximized labor income. We combined the model with a farm nutrient balance and life-cycle assessment to determine environmental impact. Based on current prices, increasing the number of cows after quota abolition was profitable until manure processing or additional land was required to comply with the new manure policy. Manure processing involved treatment so that phosphate was removed from the national manure market. Farm intensity in terms of milk per hectare increased by about 4%, from 13,578kg before quota abolition to 14,130kg after quota abolition. Labor income increased by €505/yr. When costs of manure processing decreased from €13 to €8/t of manure or land costs decreased from €1,187 to €573/ha, farm intensity could increase up to 20% until the phosphate quota became limiting. Farms that had already increased their barn capacity to prepare for expansion after milk quota abolition could benefit from purchasing extra phosphate quota to use their full barn capacity. If milk prices increased from €355 to €420/t, farms could grow unlimited, provided that the availability of external inputs such as labor, land, barn capacity, feed, and phosphate quota at current prices were also unlimited. The milk quota abolition, accompanied by a new manure policy, will slightly increase nutrient losses per hectare, due to an increase in farm intensity. Greenhouse gas emissions per unit of milk will hardly change, so at a given milk production per cow, total greenhouse gas emissions will increase linearly with an increase in the number of cows. Copyright © 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Agreement on reporting acts of aggression in couples in a community sample.

    PubMed

    Cuenca Montesino, María L; Graña Gómez, José L

    2018-05-01

    Agreement about acts of aggression in couples on the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2) was evaluated. We conducted a quota sampling method to recruit a community sample of 590 heterosexual adult couples from the Region of Madrid (Spain). Prevalence rates based on the maximum dyadic report identified more aggressive behaviors than did individual reports of perpetration and victimization in men and women. Partner agreement about physical and psychological aggression was significant and moderate. However, partners agreed that Negotiation of Conflicts and Positive Behaviors assessed with the Dyadic Adjustment Scale were higher than the behaviors of the Physical Assault Scale. Correction factors are provided to estimate the prevalence of aggressive behavior and injuries when we only had individual reports of aggression. Partner agreement reveals the existence of variables at the individual level that significantly influence the assessment of aggression in the couple.

  6. 15 CFR 2014.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA FOR IMPORTS OF LAMB MEAT § 2014.2 Definitions... meanings assigned as follows: (a) Lamb meat means fresh, chilled, or frozen lamb meat, provided for in...-quota lamb meat means lamb meat that is entered under the in-quota rate of duty. (c) Participating...

  7. 21 CFR 1315.36 - Amending an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Amending an import quota. 1315.36 Section 1315.36 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS... necessary to provide for medical, scientific, or other legitimate purposes regarding the chemical. The...

  8. 21 CFR 1315.34 - Obtaining an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Obtaining an import quota. 1315.34 Section 1315.34 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS... imports, the estimated medical, scientific, and industrial needs of the United States, the establishment...

  9. 78 FR 55099 - Established Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-09

    ... for the List I chemicals ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, expressed in grams of anhydrous acid or base, as follows: Established 2014 Basic Class--Schedule I Quotas (grams) (1-Pentyl-1H... II Quotas (grams) 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine 3 1-Piperdinocyclohexanecarbonitrile (PCC) 3 4-Anilino-N...

  10. 78 FR 78786 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; 2014 Commercial Summer Flounder Quota Adjustments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-27

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XD026 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; 2014 Commercial Summer... Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Announcement of 2014 commercial summer flounder state quotas. SUMMARY: NMFS is announcing the commercial summer flounder state quotas for fishing year 2014...

  11. 50 CFR 648.140 - Catch quotas and other restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... specification process, provided that new information does not require a modification to the multiple-year quotas, to determine the allowable levels of fishing and other restrictions necessary to result in a target... target exploitation rate specified in paragraph (a) of this section is not exceeded: (1) Research quota...

  12. 50 CFR 660.508 - Annual specifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., quota, Annual Catch Limit (ACL) (defined at § 600.310(f)(2)) or Annual Catch Target (ACT) (defined at... guideline, quota, ACL, or ACT, including any apportionment between the directed fishery and set-aside for..., quota, ACL or ACT will contain the following information if available or applicable: (1) The estimated...

  13. 50 CFR 660.508 - Annual specifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., quota, Annual Catch Limit (ACL) (defined at § 600.310(f)(2)) or Annual Catch Target (ACT) (defined at... guideline, quota, ACL, or ACT, including any apportionment between the directed fishery and set-aside for..., quota, ACL or ACT will contain the following information if available or applicable: (1) The estimated...

  14. 50 CFR 660.508 - Annual specifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., quota, Annual Catch Limit (ACL) (defined at § 600.310(f)(2)) or Annual Catch Target (ACT) (defined at... guideline, quota, ACL, or ACT, including any apportionment between the directed fishery and set-aside for..., quota, ACL or ACT will contain the following information if available or applicable: (1) The estimated...

  15. 50 CFR 660.508 - Annual specifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... quotas for all AMS from the estimated biomass and the formulas in the FMP. (b) Harvest guidelines or... status of AMS and MS; (2) The estimated biomass on which the harvest guideline or quota was determined... biomass and the harvest guideline or quota will be reviewed and public comments received. This meeting...

  16. 50 CFR 660.508 - Annual specifications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... quotas for all AMS from the estimated biomass and the formulas in the FMP. (b) Harvest guidelines or... status of AMS and MS; (2) The estimated biomass on which the harvest guideline or quota was determined... biomass and the harvest guideline or quota will be reviewed and public comments received. This meeting...

  17. 75 FR 1589 - Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-12

    ...-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA Countries From Regional Country Fabric... for duty- and quota-free treatment for certain textile and apparel articles imported from designated...) of the amended ATPA provides duty- and quota-free treatment for certain apparel articles assembled in...

  18. 21 CFR 1315.27 - Abandonment of quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Abandonment of quota. 1315.27 Section 1315.27 Food... may at any time abandon his right to manufacture all or any part of the quota by filing with the Drug... to manufacture. The Administrator may, in his discretion, allocate the amount among the other...

  19. 21 CFR 1315.27 - Abandonment of quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Abandonment of quota. 1315.27 Section 1315.27 Food... may at any time abandon his right to manufacture all or any part of the quota by filing with the Drug... to manufacture. The Administrator may, in his discretion, allocate the amount among the other...

  20. 21 CFR 1315.27 - Abandonment of quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Abandonment of quota. 1315.27 Section 1315.27 Food... may at any time abandon his right to manufacture all or any part of the quota by filing with the Drug... to manufacture. The Administrator may, in his discretion, allocate the amount among the other...

  1. 21 CFR 1315.27 - Abandonment of quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Abandonment of quota. 1315.27 Section 1315.27 Food... may at any time abandon his right to manufacture all or any part of the quota by filing with the Drug... to manufacture. The Administrator may, in his discretion, allocate the amount among the other...

  2. 21 CFR 1315.27 - Abandonment of quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Abandonment of quota. 1315.27 Section 1315.27 Food... may at any time abandon his right to manufacture all or any part of the quota by filing with the Drug... to manufacture. The Administrator may, in his discretion, allocate the amount among the other...

  3. 76 FR 15276 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-21

    .... 110210132-1133-01] RIN 0648-BA65 Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries Management Measures; Correction AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS... 14, 2011, NMFS published a proposed rule to modify Atlantic bluefin tuna (BFT) base quotas for all...

  4. 76 FR 18504 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-04

    ...-BA65 Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries..., 2011, NMFS published a proposed rule to modify Atlantic bluefin tuna (BFT) base quotas for all domestic...); amend the Atlantic tunas possession at sea and landing regulations to allow removal of Atlantic tunas...

  5. 7 CFR 6.40 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false General. 6.40 Section 6.40 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6... of Agriculture as to whether the price at which any article of quota cheese is being offered for sale...

  6. 7 CFR 6.42 - Complaints of price-undercutting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.42 Complaints of price-undercutting. (a) Submission of complaint. Any person who has reason to believe that the price at which any article of quota cheese is offered for sale or... a subsidy with respect to such article of quota cheese may file with the Investigating Authority a...

  7. 7 CFR 6.40 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General. 6.40 Section 6.40 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6... of Agriculture as to whether the price at which any article of quota cheese is being offered for sale...

  8. 78 FR 25003 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-29

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XC634 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the... transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and to...

  9. 78 FR 77005 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-20

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XD021 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... commercial summer flounder quotas to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. NMFS is adjusting the quotas and.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require...

  10. 50 CFR 665.167 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    .... (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.167(d). Only live coral is counted toward the... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  11. 50 CFR 665.167 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    .... (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.167(d). Only live coral is counted toward the... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  12. 50 CFR 665.167 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    .... (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.167(d). Only live coral is counted toward the... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  13. 50 CFR 665.167 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.167(d). Only live coral is counted toward the... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  14. 50 CFR 665.167 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    .... (a) General. The quotas limiting the amount of precious coral that may be taken in any precious coral permit area during the fishing year are listed in § 665.167(d). Only live coral is counted toward the... conditional bed will be closed to all nonselective coral harvesting after the quota for one species of coral...

  15. 50 CFR 622.8 - Quotas-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... applicable ACL or ACT is reached or projected to be reached). (c) Reopening. When a sector has been closed based on a projection of the quota specified in this part, or the ACL specified in the applicable annual... subsequent data indicate that the quota or ACL was not reached, the Assistant Administrator may file a...

  16. 50 CFR 622.8 - Quotas-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... applicable ACL or ACT is reached or projected to be reached). (c) Reopening. When a sector has been closed based on a projection of the quota specified in this part, or the ACL specified in the applicable annual... subsequent data indicate that the quota or ACL was not reached, the Assistant Administrator may file a...

  17. 50 CFR 648.290 - Individual fishing quota program and other restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Individual fishing quota program and other... Management Measures for the Tilefish Fishery § 648.290 Individual fishing quota program and other restrictions. The fishing year is the 12-month period beginning with November 1, 2001. (a)Total allowable...

  18. 50 CFR 648.294 - Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 12 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program... Management Measures for the Tilefish Fishery § 648.294 Individual fishing quota (IFQ) program. (a) IFQ... allocation permit holders who held an IFQ permit as of September 1 of a giving fishing year. Allocations...

  19. 77 FR 6492 - Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Community Development Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-08

    ... CDQ allocation process, the transfer of groundfish CDQ and halibut prohibited species quota, and the.... 679.2, Removing all regulations in Sec. 679.30 (except paragraph (e)(1) related to quota transfers... PSQ catch limits. However, it will amend regulations to allow the transfer of halibut PSQ either...

  20. Follow-up study of the regional quota system of Japanese medical schools and prefecture scholarship programmes: a study protocol.

    PubMed

    Matsumoto, Masatoshi; Takeuchi, Keisuke; Tanaka, Junko; Tazuma, Susumu; Inoue, Kazuo; Owaki, Tetsuhiro; Iguchi, Seitaro; Maeda, Takahiro

    2016-04-15

    Given the shortage of physicians, particularly in rural areas, the Japanese government has rapidly expanded the number of medical school students by adding chiikiwaku (regional quotas) since 2008. Quota entrants now account for 17% of all medical school entrants. Quota entrants are usually local high school graduates who receive a scholarship from the prefecture government. In exchange, they temporarily practise in that prefecture, including its rural areas, after graduation. Many prefectures also have scholarship programmes for non-quota students in exchange for postgraduate in-prefecture practice. The objective of this cohort study, conducted by the Japanese Council for Community-based Medical Education, is to evaluate the outcomes of the quota admission system and prefecture scholarship programmes nationwide. There are 3 groups of study participants: quota without scholarship, quota with scholarship and non-quota with scholarship. Under the support of government ministries and the Association of Japan Medical Colleges, and participation of all prefectures and medical schools, passing rate of the National Physician License Examination, scholarship buy-out rate, geographic distribution and specialties distribution of each group are analysed. Participants who voluntarily participated are followed by linking their baseline information to data in the government's biennial Physician Census. Results to date have shown that, despite medical schools' concerns about academic quality, the passing rate of the National Physician License Examination in each group was higher than that of all medical school graduates. The Ethics Committee for Epidemiological Research of Hiroshima University and the Research Ethics Committee of Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences permitted this study. No individually identifiable results will be presented in conferences or published in journals. The aggregated results will be reported to concerned government ministries, associations, prefectures and medical schools as data for future policy planning. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

  1. 75 FR 53013 - Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-30

    ... for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar, and Sugar-containing Products; Revision AGENCY... August 17, 2010 concerning Fiscal Year 2011 tariff-rate quota allocations of raw cane sugar, refined and... announced that sugar entering the United States under the Fiscal Year 2011 raw sugar tariff-rate quota will...

  2. 75 FR 39612 - Allocation of Second Additional Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-09

    ...) 2010 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative... the tariff-rate quota (TRQ) for imported raw cane sugar. DATES: Effective Date: July 9, 2010... Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw...

  3. 19 CFR 132.17 - Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. 132.17 Section 132.17 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. (a) Requirement. For sugar-containing...

  4. 76 FR 61074 - USDA Increases the Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota for Refined Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-03

    ... Quota for Refined Sugar AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Secretary of Agriculture today announced an increase in the fiscal year (FY) 2011 refined sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) of... INFORMATION: A quantity of 22,000 MTRV for sugars, syrups, and molasses (collectively referred to as refined...

  5. 19 CFR 132.17 - Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. 132.17 Section 132.17 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. (a) Requirement. For sugar-containing...

  6. 78 FR 24430 - Tuna-Tariff Rate Quota; the Tariff-Rate Quota for Calendar Year 2013 Tuna Classifiable Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-25

    ..., Department of Homeland Security. ACTION: Announcement of the quota quantity of tuna in airtight containers... 1604.14.22, HTSUS, is based on the apparent United States consumption of tuna in airtight containers... containers may be entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption during the Calendar Year 2013, at the...

  7. 76 FR 27658 - Tuna-Tariff-Rate Quota; The Tariff-Rate Quota for Calendar Year 2011 Tuna Classifiable Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-12

    ... Security. ACTION: Announcement of the quota quantity of tuna in airtight containers for Calendar Year 2011... the apparent United States consumption of tuna in airtight containers during the preceding Calendar... been determined that 18,148,537 kilograms of tuna in air- tight containers may be entered and withdrawn...

  8. 77 FR 22796 - Tuna-Tariff-Rate Quota; the Tariff-Rate Quota for Calendar Year 2012 Tuna Classifiable Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-17

    ... Security. ACTION: Announcement of the quota quantity of tuna in airtight containers for Calendar Year 2012..., HTSUS, is based on the apparent United States consumption of tuna in airtight containers during the...) 863-6560. Background It has been determined that 17,270,370 kilograms of tuna in airtight containers...

  9. 77 FR 73556 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-11

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC373 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of Maine is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the State of... summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a commercial quota...

  10. 78 FR 66857 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-07

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XC932 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of Maine is transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the State of... summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a commercial quota...

  11. 76 FR 12604 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Coastal Migratory Pelagic...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-08

    ...: Temporary rule; trip limit reduction. SUMMARY: NMFS reduces the trip limit for the hook-and-line component... southern subzones, and established their separate quotas. The king mackerel quota for the hook-and-line... percent of the southern Florida west coast subzone's hook-and- line gear quota has been harvested until a...

  12. 19 CFR 132.17 - Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. 132.17 Section 132.17 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. (a) Requirement. For sugar-containing...

  13. 19 CFR 132.17 - Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. 132.17 Section 132.17 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. (a) Requirement. For sugar-containing...

  14. 19 CFR 132.17 - Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Export certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. 132.17 Section 132.17 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... certificate for sugar-containing products subject to tariff-rate quota. (a) Requirement. For sugar-containing...

  15. 77 FR 62495 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Tilefish Fishery; 2013 Tilefish Fishing Quota...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-15

    ... the Northeastern United States; Tilefish Fishery; 2013 Tilefish Fishing Quota Specification AGENCY.... ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: NMFS announces that the overall annual tilefish quota for the 2013 fishing year (November 1, 2012-October 31, 2013) will remain the same as it was in fishing year 2012. NMFS is required to...

  16. 77 FR 46519 - Proposed Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and Proposed...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-03

    ... Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and Proposed Assessment of Annual Needs for the... the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and assessment of annual needs for the list I chemicals ephedrine... proposed 2013 aggregate production quotas and assessment of annual needs, DEA has taken into account the...

  17. 21 CFR 1303.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... manufacturing quotas. Any person who is registered to manufacture any basic class of controlled substance listed in Schedule I or II and who desires to manufacture a quantity of such class shall apply on DEA Form 189 for a manufacturing quota for such quantity of such class. Copies of DEA Form 189 may be obtained...

  18. 21 CFR 1303.12 - Procurement quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... purposes of manufacturing, shall apply on DEA Form 250 for a procurement quota for such basic class. A... specified unit of the second basic class. DEA Form 250 shall be filed on or before April 1 of the year preceding the calendar year for which the procurement quota is being applied. Copies of DEA Form 250 may be...

  19. 32 CFR 901.8 - Congressional and U.S. Possessions categories.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... the Academy at any one time. If a vacancy occurs in their quota, each may nominate ten candidates to... a quota of two cadets attending the Academy at any one time. If a vacancy occurs in their quota... Administrator may each have one cadet attending the Academy and each may nominate ten candidates to fill their...

  20. Critical review of the United Kingdom's "gold standard" survey of public attitudes to science.

    PubMed

    Smith, Benjamin K; Jensen, Eric A

    2016-02-01

    Since 2000, the UK government has funded surveys aimed at understanding the UK public's attitudes toward science, scientists, and science policy. Known as the Public Attitudes to Science series, these surveys and their predecessors have long been used in UK science communication policy, practice, and scholarship as a source of authoritative knowledge about science-related attitudes and behaviors. Given their importance and the significant public funding investment they represent, detailed academic scrutiny of the studies is needed. In this essay, we critically review the most recently published Public Attitudes to Science survey (2014), assessing the robustness of its methods and claims. The review casts doubt on the quality of key elements of the Public Attitudes to Science 2014 survey data and analysis while highlighting the importance of robust quantitative social research methodology. Our analysis comparing the main sample and booster sample for young people demonstrates that quota sampling cannot be assumed equivalent to probability-based sampling techniques. © The Author(s) 2016.

  1. [Flow injection-spectrophotometric determination of total dissolved nitrogen in seawater based on quantificational solenoid valves].

    PubMed

    Han, Bin; Cao, Lei; Zheng, Li; Zang, Jia-ye; Wang, Xiao-ru

    2012-01-01

    Using three pipe clamp solenoid valves to replace the traditional six-port valve for sample quota, a set of multi-channel flow injection analyzer was designed in the present paper. The authors optimized optimum instrumental testing condition, and realized determination and analysis of total dissolved nitrogen in seawaters. The construction of apparatus is simple and it has the potential to be used for analysis of total dissolved nitrogen. The sample throughput of total dissolved nitrogen was 27 samples per hour. The linear range of total dissolved nitrogen was 50.0-1 000.0 microgN x L(-3) (r > or = 0.999). The detection limit was 7.6 microgN x L(-3). The recovery of total dissolved nitrogen was 87.3%-107.2%. The relative standard deviation for total dissolved nitrogen was 1.35%-6.32% (n = 6). After the t-test analysis, it does not have the significance difference between this method and national standard method. It is suitable for fast analysis of total dissolved nitrogen in seawater.

  2. Data-poor management of African lion hunting using a relative index of abundance.

    PubMed

    Edwards, Charles T T; Bunnefeld, Nils; Balme, Guy A; Milner-Gulland, E J

    2014-01-07

    Sustainable management of terrestrial hunting requires managers to set quotas restricting offtake. This often takes place in the absence of reliable information on the population size, and as a consequence, quotas are set in an arbitrary fashion, leading to population decline and revenue loss. In this investigation, we show how an indirect measure of abundance can be used to set quotas in a sustainable manner, even in the absence of information on population size. Focusing on lion hunting in Africa, we developed a simple algorithm to convert changes in the number of safari days required to kill a lion into a quota for the following year. This was tested against a simulation model of population dynamics, accounting for uncertainties in demography, observation, and implementation. Results showed it to reliably set sustainable quotas despite these uncertainties, providing a robust foundation for the conservation of hunted species.

  3. Scheduling admissions and reducing variability in bed demand.

    PubMed

    Bekker, René; Koeleman, Paulien M

    2011-09-01

    Variability in admissions and lengths of stay inherently leads to variability in bed occupancy. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of these sources of variability on the required amount of capacity and to determine admission quota for scheduled admissions to regulate the occupancy pattern. For the impact of variability on the required number of beds, we use a heavy-traffic limit theorem for the G/G/∞ queue yielding an intuitively appealing approximation in case the arrival process is not Poisson. Also, given a structural weekly admission pattern, we apply a time-dependent analysis to determine the mean offered load per day. This time-dependent analysis is combined with a Quadratic Programming model to determine the optimal number of elective admissions per day, such that an average desired daily occupancy is achieved. From the mathematical results, practical scenarios and guidelines are derived that can be used by hospital managers and support the method of quota scheduling. In practice, the results can be implemented by providing admission quota prescribing the target number of admissions for each patient group.

  4. Extreme D'Hondt and round-off effects in voting computations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Konstantinov, M. M.; Pelova, G. B.

    2015-11-01

    D'Hondt (or Jefferson) method and Hare-Niemeyer (or Hamilton) method are widely used worldwide for seat allocation in proportional systems. Everything seems to be well known in this area. However, this is not the case. For example the D'Hondt method can violate the quota rule from above but this effect is not analyzed as a function of the number of parties and/or the threshold used. Also, allocation methods are often implemented automatically as computer codes in machine arithmetic believing that following the IEEE standards for double precision binary arithmetics would guarantee correct results. Unfortunately this may not happen not only for double precision arithmetic (usually producing 15-16 true decimal digits) but also for any relative precision of the underlying binary machine arithmetics. This paper deals with the following new issues.Find conditions (threshold in particular) such that D'Hondt seat allocation violates maximally the quota rule. Analyze possible influence of rounding errors in the automatic implementation of Hare-Niemeyer method in machine arithmetic.Concerning the first issue, it is known that the maximal deviation of D'Hondt allocation from upper quota for the Bulgarian proportional system (240 MP and 4% barrier) is 5. This fact had been established in 1991. A classical treatment of voting issues is the monograph [1], while electoral problems specific for Bulgaria have been treated in [2, 4]. The effect of threshold on extreme seat allocations is also analyzed in [3]. Finally we would like to stress that Voting Theory may sometimes be mathematically trivial but always has great political impact. This is a strong motivation for further investigations in this area.

  5. 77 FR 57180 - Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-17

    ... OFFICE OF THE TRADE REPRESENTATIVE Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar, and sugar... imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar. Pursuant to Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 17 of the HTS...

  6. 76 FR 50285 - Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-12

    ... for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of the... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar and sugar...), the United States maintains tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) for imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar...

  7. 78 FR 57445 - Fiscal Year 2014 WTO Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-18

    ... Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar, and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of..., 2013, through Sept. 30, 2014) in-quota quantity of the tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) for imported raw cane...), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar (syrups and molasses...

  8. 78 FR 12705 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; North and South Atlantic 2013 Commercial Swordfish Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-25

    ... dead discards. We will adjust the quotas in the final rule based on updated data, including dead... quota, the sum of updated landings data (from late reports) and dead discard estimates would need to reach or exceed 475 mt dw. In 2011, dead discards were estimated to equal 101.5 mt dw and late reports...

  9. 77 FR 51751 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2013 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... Licenses for the 2013 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY: Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces a fee of $170 to be charged for the 2013 tariff- [[Page 51752... authorizing the importation of certain dairy articles, which are subject to tariff-rate quotas set forth in...

  10. 76 FR 36892 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2011 North and South Atlantic Swordfish Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-23

    ... Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) recommendations 10-02 and 09-03 into the quota adjustments for the 2011 fishing year... adopted for North Atlantic Swordfish for one year. Recommendation 10-02 included a total TAC of 13,700 mt... year. Recommendation 10-02 maintains the U.S. previous years' quota allocation of 2,937.6 mt dw as well...

  11. 78 FR 46565 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2014 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-01

    ... Service Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2014 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY... charged for the 2014 tariff-rate quota (TRQ) year for each license issued to a person or firm by the... 2014 calendar year. Notice: The total cost to the Department of Agriculture of administering the...

  12. 75 FR 60067 - Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-29

    ... COMMITTEE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEXTILE AGREEMENTS Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports... New 12-Month Cap on Duty- and Quota-Free Benefits. DATES: Effective Date: October 1, 2010. FOR FURTHER... 2004, Pub. L. 108-274; Division D, Title VI, section 6002 of the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006...

  13. 75 FR 6318 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Coastal Migratory Pelagic...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-09

    ...: Temporary rule; trip limit reduction. SUMMARY: NMFS reduces the trip limit in the commercial hook-and-line... separate quotas. The quota for the hook-and-line fishery in the southern Florida west coast subzone is 520...), from the date that 75 percent of the southern Florida west coast subzone's hook-and- line gear quota...

  14. 78 FR 15642 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Coastal Migratory Pelagic...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-12

    ...: Temporary rule; trip limit reduction. SUMMARY: NMFS reduces the trip limit in the hook-and-line component of... their separate quotas. The 2012 to 2013 fishing year quota for the hook-and-line component of the... southern Florida west coast subzone's hook-and- line gear quota has been harvested until a closure of the...

  15. 77 FR 61562 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2013 Atlantic Shark Commercial Fishing Season

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-10

    ... 9.1 (20,015 lb 50.0 (110,230 50.0 (110,230 Shark Research Quota. quotas. dw). dw). lb dw). lb dw... Amendment 2 and Amendment 3 to the 2006 Consolidated HMS FMP and the Environmental Assessment (EA) that... the EA with the 2011 shark quota specifications rule. Thus, NMFS has limited flexibility to modify the...

  16. Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Urban Community Gardeners

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Alaimo, Katherine; Packnett, Elizabeth; Miles, Richard A.; Kruger, Daniel J.

    2008-01-01

    Objective: To determine the association between household participation in a community garden and fruit and vegetable consumption among urban adults. Design: Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional random phone survey conducted in 2003. A quota sampling strategy was used to ensure that all census tracts within the city were represented. Setting:…

  17. Arabic Language Teachers' Engagement with Published Educational Research in Kuwait's Secondary Schools

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Alhumidi, Hamed A.; Uba, Sani Yantandu

    2017-01-01

    This study investigates Arabic language teachers' engagement with published educational research in Kuwait's secondary schools. The study employs 170 participants across six educational regions in the country by using a quota sampling strategy. It used a questionnaire in eliciting their engagement with published educational research. The data were…

  18. 78 FR 56646 - Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2014 WTO Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-13

    ... Secretary Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2014 WTO Tariff- Rate Quotas for Raw Cane Sugar and... the Fiscal Year (FY) 2014 (October 1, 2013-September 30, 2014) in-quota aggregate quantity of raw cane sugar at 1,117,195 metric tons raw value (MTRV). The Secretary also announces the establishment of the...

  19. 76 FR 13583 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-14

    ... dead discards as well as the amount of 2010 underharvest (of 2010 adjusted quota) allowed by ICCAT to... would adjust these base quotas for the 2012 fishing year based on the best estimate of dead discards and... early 2012). As described below, 160 mt is used as a proxy for dead discards based on the 2009 estimate...

  20. 50 CFR 680.40 - Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS), Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ), and Individual...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS... established based on the regional designations determined on August 1, 2005. QS or PQS issued after this date... information is true, correct, and complete to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. If the application is...

  1. Mixed stock analysis of Lake Michigan's Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis commercial fishery

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Andvik, Ryan; Sloss, Brian L.; VanDeHey, Justin A.; Claramunt, Randall M.; Hansen, Scott P.; Isermann, Daniel A.

    2016-01-01

    Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) support the primary commercial fishery in Lake Michigan. Discrete genetic stocks of lake whitefish have been identified and tagging data suggest stocks are mixed throughout much of the year. Our objectives were to determine if (1) differential stock harvest occurs in the commercial catch, (2) spatial differences in genetic composition of harvested fish were present, and (3) seasonal differences were present in the harvest by commercial fisheries that operate in management zones WI-2 and WFM-01 (Green Bay, Lake Michigan). Mixed stock analysis was conducted on 17 commercial harvest samples (n = 78–145/sample) collected from various ports lake-wide during 2009–2010. Results showed significant mixing with variability in stock composition across most samples. Samples consisted of two to four genetic stocks each accounting for ≥ 10% the catch. In 10 of 17 samples, the stock contributing the largest proportion made up < 60% of the harvest. In general, seasonal and annual differences existed in the proportional stock contribution at a single capture location. Samples from Wisconsin's primary commercial fishing management zone (WI-2) were composed predominately of fish from the Big Bay de Noc (Michigan) stock as opposed to the geographically proximate, North–Moonlight Bay (Wisconsin) stock. These findings have implications for management and allocation of fish to various quotas. Specifically, geographic location of harvest, the current means of allocating harvest quotas, is not the best predictor of genetic stock harvest.

  2. Nothing Changes, Really: Why Women Who Break Through the Glass Ceiling End Up Reinforcing It.

    PubMed

    Faniko, Klea; Ellemers, Naomi; Derks, Belle; Lorenzi-Cioldi, Fabio

    2017-05-01

    Two correlational studies conducted in Switzerland ( N = 222) and Albania ( N = 156) explained the opposition of female managers to gender quotas by examining the origins and consequences of the "Queen Bee (QB)-phenomenon," whereby women who have been successful in male-dominated organizations do not support the advancement of junior women. Results disconfirm previous accounts of the QB-phenomenon as indicating competitiveness among women. Instead, the tendency of women managers to consider themselves as different from other women, and their opposition to gender quotas, emerged when junior women were addressed but not when they considered their direct competitors, other women managers. Personal sacrifices women managers reported having made for career success predicted self-distancing from junior women and opposition to gender quotas targeting these women. We provide a more nuanced picture of what the QB-response is really about, explaining why women managers oppose quotas for junior women, while supporting quotas for women in the same rank.

  3. Nothing Changes, Really: Why Women Who Break Through the Glass Ceiling End Up Reinforcing It

    PubMed Central

    Faniko, Klea; Ellemers, Naomi; Derks, Belle; Lorenzi-Cioldi, Fabio

    2017-01-01

    Two correlational studies conducted in Switzerland (N = 222) and Albania (N = 156) explained the opposition of female managers to gender quotas by examining the origins and consequences of the “Queen Bee (QB)-phenomenon,” whereby women who have been successful in male-dominated organizations do not support the advancement of junior women. Results disconfirm previous accounts of the QB-phenomenon as indicating competitiveness among women. Instead, the tendency of women managers to consider themselves as different from other women, and their opposition to gender quotas, emerged when junior women were addressed but not when they considered their direct competitors, other women managers. Personal sacrifices women managers reported having made for career success predicted self-distancing from junior women and opposition to gender quotas targeting these women. We provide a more nuanced picture of what the QB-response is really about, explaining why women managers oppose quotas for junior women, while supporting quotas for women in the same rank. PMID:28903635

  4. Evaluating expansion strategies for startup European Union dairy farm businesses.

    PubMed

    McDonald, R; Shalloo, L; Pierce, K M; Horan, B

    2013-06-01

    A stochastic whole-farm simulation model was used to examine alternative strategies for new entrant dairy farmers to grow and develop dairy farm businesses in the context of European Union (EU) milk quota abolition in 2015. Six alternative strategies were compared: remain static, natural growth expansion, waiting until after EU milk quota abolition to expand, a full-scale expansion strategy without milk quotas and not incurring super levy penalties, a full-scale expansion strategy with milk quotas and incurring super levy penalties, and once-a-day milking until EU milk quota abolition, followed by full-scale expansion. Each discrete whole farm investment strategy was evaluated over a 15-yr period (2013-2027) using multiple financial stability and risk indicators, including overall discounted farm business profitability, net worth change, return on investment, and financial risk. The results of this study indicate that, although associated with increased risk, dairy farm expansion will ensure the future profitability of the farm business. Within the context of EU milk quotas until 2015, the most attractive expansion strategy is to increase cow numbers while avoiding super levy fines using once-a-day milking techniques, increasing to the full capacity of the dairy farm once milk quotas are removed. In contrast, the results also indicate that dairy farms that remain static will experience a significant reduction in farm profitability in the coming year due to production cost inflation. Cash flow deficits were observed during the initial year of expansion and, therefore, rapidly expanding dairy farm businesses require a significant cash reserve to alleviate business risk during the initial year of expansion. The results of this analysis also indicate that dairy farm businesses that expand using lower cost capital investments and avoid milk quota super levy fines significantly reduce the financial risks associated with expansion. Copyright © 2013 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Relationship Between Health Literacy, Knowledge of Health Status, and Beliefs about HIV/AIDS Transmission among Ryan White Clients in Miami

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mooss, Angela; Brock-Getz, Petra; Ladner, Robert; Fiano, Theresa

    2013-01-01

    Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between health literacy, knowledge of health status, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) transmission beliefs among recipients of Ryan White care. Design: Quota and convenience sampled, quantitative analysis captured with closed and…

  6. 7 CFR 718.206 - Determining farms, tracts, allotments, quotas, and bases when reconstitution is made by division.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ..., ACREAGE ALLOTMENTS, AND PRODUCTION ADJUSTMENT PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO MULTIPLE PROGRAMS Reconstitution of... available land, cultural operations, and changes in type of farming. (e) The cropland method is the pro-rata... the method used did not provide an equitable distribution considering available land, cultural...

  7. 21 CFR 1315.36 - Amending an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.36... quantity of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and distribute the chemical or drug products...

  8. 21 CFR 1315.36 - Amending an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.36... quantity of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and distribute the chemical or drug products...

  9. 21 CFR 1315.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE... person who is registered to manufacture ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and who...

  10. 21 CFR 1315.36 - Amending an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.36... quantity of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and distribute the chemical or drug products...

  11. 21 CFR 1315.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE... person who is registered to manufacture ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and who...

  12. 21 CFR 1315.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE... person who is registered to manufacture ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and who...

  13. 21 CFR 1315.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE... person who is registered to manufacture ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and who...

  14. 21 CFR 1315.36 - Amending an import quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Procurement and Import Quotas § 1315.36... quantity of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine and distribute the chemical or drug products...

  15. Allocation and simulation study of carbon emission quotas among China's provinces in 2020.

    PubMed

    Zhou, Xing; Guan, Xueling; Zhang, Ming; Zhou, Yao; Zhou, Meihua

    2017-03-01

    China will form its carbon market in 2017 to focus on the allocation of regional carbon emission quota in order to cope with global warming. The rationality of the regional allocation has become an important consideration for the government in ensuring stable growth in different regions that are experiencing disparity in resource endowment and economic status. Based on constructing the quota allocation indicator system for carbon emission, the emission quota for each province in different scenarios and schemes in 2020 is simulated by the multifactor hybrid weighted Shannon entropy allocation model. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The top 5 secondary-level indicators that influence provincial quota allocation in weight are as follows: per capita energy consumption, openness, per capita carbon emission, per capita disposable income, and energy intensity. (2) The ratio of carbon emission in 2020 is different from that in 2013 in many scenarios, and the variation is scenario 2 > scenario 1 > scenario 3, with Hubei and Guangdong the provinces with the largest increase and decrease ratios, respectively. (3) In the same scenario, the quota allocation varies in different reduction criteria emphases; if the government emphasizes reduction efficiency, scheme 1 will show obvious adjustment, that is, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, and Yunnan will have the largest decrease. The amounts are 4.28, 8.31, 4.04, and 5.97 million tons, respectively.

  16. A Two-stage Approach for Water Demand Prediction under Constrained total water use and Water Environmental Capacity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    He, Y.; Xiaohong, C.; Lin, K.; Wang, Z.

    2016-12-01

    Water demand (WD) is the basis for water allocation (WA) because it can fully reflect the pressure on water resources from population and socioeconomic development. To deal with the great uncertainties and the absence of consideration of water environmental capacity (WEC) in traditional water demand prediction methods, e.g. Statistical models, System Dynamics and quota method, this study develops a two-stage approach to predict WD under constrained total water use from the perspective of ecological restraint. Regional total water demand (RTWD) is constrained by WEC, available water resources amount and total water use quota. Based on RTWD, WD is allocated in two stages according to the game theory, including predicting sub regional total water demand (SRWD) by calculating the sub region weights based on the selected indicators of socioeconomic development and predicting industrial water demand (IWD) according to the game theory. Taking the Dongjiang river basin, South China as an example of WD prediction, according to its constrained total water use quota and WEC, RTWD in 2020 is 9.83 billion m3, and IWD for agriculture, industry, service, ecology (off-stream), and domesticity are 2.32 billion m3, 3.79 billion m3, 0.75 billion m3 , 0.18 billion m3and 1.79 billion m3 respectively. The results from this study provide useful insights for effective water allocation under climate change and the strict policy of water resources management.

  17. Language Shift and Maintenance in Multilingual Mauritius: The Case of Indian Ancestral Languages

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bissoonauth, Anu

    2011-01-01

    This paper reports on a research study conducted in Mauritius between June and July 2009. The aim of this research was to investigate the use of Indian ancestral languages in the domestic domain by the younger generations. The data were collected in the field by means of a questionnaire and interviews from a quota sample of secondary school…

  18. 50 CFR 660.130 - Trawl fishery-management measures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... is a trip limit, size limit, scientific sorting designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or..., scientific sorting designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY applied.” The States of Washington...

  19. 50 CFR 660.130 - Trawl fishery-management measures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... limit, size limit, scientific sorting designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY, if the... designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY applied.” The States of Washington, Oregon, and...

  20. Trade-Based Estimation of Bluefin Tuna Catches in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, 2005–2011

    PubMed Central

    Gagern, Antonius; van den Bergh, Jeroen; Sumaila, Ussif Rashid

    2013-01-01

    The Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean stock of Bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus (BFTE) has long been considered overfished and at risk of collapse. Although ICCAT quotas for this stock have decreased considerably over the past years, uncertainty exists about the degree of catch beyond this quota. The extent of such catch is an important piece of information in stock assessment models as well as being an indicator of the effectiveness of fisheries management. We present a model using Bluefin tuna trade data to infer actual catches. Basing our calculations on 25 countries involved in BFTE trade, we estimate that between 2005 and 2011, allowable quotas were exceeded by 44 percent. This gap between catch and quotas has slightly increased over past years, leading to estimated excess catches of 57 percent for the period between 2008 and 2011. To improve assessments, preparation and design of BFTE management, we suggest that the estimated total removals reported in this paper be included in stock assessment models for BFTE. An implication of our findings is that ICCAT member states should take stronger measures to monitor and enforce compliance with quotas. PMID:23922870

  1. 50 CFR 660.230 - Fixed gear fishery-management measures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... limit, size limit, scientific sorting designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY, if the... designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY applied.” The States of Washington, Oregon, and...

  2. 50 CFR 660.230 - Fixed gear fishery-management measures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... limit, size limit, scientific sorting designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY, if the... designation, quota, harvest guideline, ACL or ACT or OY applied.” The States of Washington, Oregon, and...

  3. United Arab Emirates expansion curtailed but production still exceeds quota

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Vielvoye, R.

    1987-08-24

    This article reports that oil and gas activity in the United Arab Emirates has been hit be declining exploration, curtailed development schedules, and the shutdown of production facilities. But despite a mothballing program, production is still running way ahead of the quota set by OPEC for the UAE. According to OPEC's schedule, first half 1987 production should not have exceeded 902,000 b/d. And the increased quotas for the second half of the year would permit output to average 948,000 b/d. But production averaged 1.2 million b/d during the first half of the year, and there is no sign of amore » significant reduction. Rising output when most other OPEC members are attempting to discipline themselves stems from the failure of Abu Dhabi and Dubai to agree on how the quota should be split. Details are provided on the regions of production activity.« less

  4. Complementarity of no-take marine reserves and individual transferable catch quotas for managing the line fishery of the great barrier reef.

    PubMed

    Little, L R; Grafton, R Q; Kompas, T; Smith, A D M; Punt, A E; Mapstone, B D

    2011-04-01

    Changes in the management of the fin fish fishery of the Great Barrier Reef motivated us to investigate the combined effects on economic returns and fish biomass of no-take areas and regulated total allowable catch allocated in the form of individual transferable quotas (such quotas apportion the total allowable catch as fishing rights and permits the buying and selling of these rights among fishers). We built a spatially explicit biological and economic model of the fishery to analyze the trade-offs between maintaining given levels of fish biomass and the net financial returns from fishing under different management regimes. Results of the scenarios we modeled suggested that a decrease in total allowable catch at high levels of harvest either increased net returns or lowered them only slightly, but increased biomass by up to 10% for a wide range of reserve sizes and an increase in the reserve area from none to 16% did not greatly change net returns at any catch level. Thus, catch shares and no-take reserves can be complementary and when these methods are used jointly they promote lower total allowable catches when harvest is relatively high and encourage larger no-take areas when they are small. ©2010 Society for Conservation Biology.

  5. TECHNICAL REPORT ON STANDARDIZATION OF THE GENERAL APTITUDE TEST BATTERY, GENERAL WORKING POPULATION NORMS STUDY FOR PUERTO RICO.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bureau of Employment Security (DOL), Washington, DC.

    THE POSSIBILITY OF PREDICTIVE ERROR WHEN APPLYING U.S. MAINLAND NORMS FOR THE GENERAL APTITUDE TEST BATTERY TO THE EMPLOYMENT COUNSELING AND SELECTION PROCESS IN PUERTO RICO, PROMPTED A STUDY TO ESTABLISH LOCAL NORMS FOR THE SPANISH LANGUAGE VERSION, BATERIA GENERAL DE PRUEBAS DE APTITUD. A STRATIFIED QUOTA SAMPLE OF 1,500 PERSONS WAS SELECTED…

  6. Recruitment of oncology nurses for Internet research: issues and future directions.

    PubMed

    Im, Eun-Ok; Chee, Wonshik; Lim, Hyun Ju; Bender, Melinda; Tsai, Hsiu-Min; Yang, Soon-Ok; Lee, Hungsa

    2006-11-03

    To provide future directions for Internet research based on issues raised during the recruitment process of an Internet survey of oncology nurses. Throughout the research process, the research staff recorded issues as they arose and wrote memos regarding recruitment issues and possible reasons for the issues. Weekly group discussions were conducted, and written records of the discussions were kept. The written memos and records were reviewed, and the content was analyzed. The recruitment issues included flexibility required, mutual trust, changing Internet dynamics, and potential selection bias. As the issues indicated, recruiting nurses for the study only through the Internet did not work well. For future Internet research, the authors suggest using multiple Internet and real settings for recruitment, a variety of strategies, the quota sampling method, and creative motivation strategies.

  7. 77 FR 59980 - Established Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-01

    ... certain established aggregate production quotas will mitigate adverse public effects if an unforeseen... Cocaine 240,000 g Codeine (for conversion) 81,250,000 g Codeine (for sale) 49,506,250 g Dextropropoxyphene...

  8. 76 FR 77016 - Controlled Substances: Final Adjusted Aggregate Production Quotas for 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-09

    ... substances previously referenced, expressed in grams of anhydrous acid or base, as follows: Final adjusted...), diphenoxylate, fentanyl, gamma hydroxybutyric acid, hydrocodone, meperidine, methadone, methadone [[Page 77017... 2011 aggregate production quotas for alfentanil, diphenoxylate, gamma hydroxybutyric acid, meperidine...

  9. 7 CFR 29.9221 - Policy statement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing... preserve the effectiveness of the tobacco program by discouraging the production of tobacco not under quota in states where tobacco farmers have elected to comply with marketing quotas. Under the amendment...

  10. Research on the raw data processing method of the hydropower construction project

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tian, Zhichao

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, based on the characteristics of the fixed data, this paper compares the various mathematical statistics analysis methods and chooses the improved Grabs criterion to analyze the data, and through the analysis of the data processing, the data processing method is not suitable. It is proved that this method can be applied to the processing of fixed raw data. This paper provides a reference for reasonably determining the effective quota analysis data.

  11. The combined effects of Dolichospermum flos-aquae, light, and temperature on microcystin production by Microcystis aeruginosa

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Ruoqi; Li, Fangfang; Liu, Jiadong; Zheng, Hongye; Shen, Fei; Xue, Yarong; Liu, Changhong

    2016-11-01

    The effects of light, temperature, and coculture on the intracellular microcystin-LR (MC-LR) quota of Microcystis aeruginosa were evaluated based on coculture experiments with nontoxic Dolichospermum ( Anabaena) flos-aquae. The MC-LR quota and transcription of mcyB and mcyD genes encoding MC synthetases in M. aeruginosa were evaluated on the basis of cell counts, high-performance liquid chromatography, and reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR. The MC-LR quotas of M. aeruginosa in coculture with a 1/1 ratio of inoculum of the two species were significantly lower relative to monocultures 6-d after inoculation. Decreased MC-LR quotas under coculture conditions were enhanced by increasing the D. flos-aquae to M. aeruginosa ratio in the inoculum and by environmental factors, such as temperature and light intensity. Moreover, the transcriptional concentrations of mcyB and mcyD genes in M. aeruginosa were significantly inhibited by D. flos-aquae competition in coculture ( P <0.01), lowered to 20% of initial concentrations within 8 days. These data suggested that coculture eff ects by D. flos-aquae not only reduced M. aeruginosa's intracellular MC-LR quota via inhibition of genes encoding MC synthetases, but also that this eff ect was regulated by environmental factors, including temperature and light intensities.

  12. 78 FR 29331 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Western Alaska Community Development Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-20

    ...) Program is an economic development program implemented under the Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and... fisheries, to support economic development in western Alaska, to alleviate poverty and provide economic and... have a choice of either electronic or paper forms. Methods of submittal include email of electronic...

  13. 78 FR 37237 - Proposed Adjustments to the Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-20

    ... reserve in certain established aggregate production quotas will mitigate adverse public effects if an...,000 g 47,186,000 g. Carfentanil 6 g No change. Cocaine 240,000 g No change. Codeine (for conversion...

  14. 77 FR 25732 - Tuna-Tariff-Rate Quota; the Tariff-Rate Quota for Calendar Year 2012 Tuna Classifiable Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-01

    ... containers for Calendar Year 2012; correction. SUMMARY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) published in... containers for Calendar Year 2012. Inadvertently, no CBP Decision Number was listed in the heading of that...

  15. 76 FR 19276 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-07

    .... 101029427-0609-02] RIN 0648-XA338 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2011 commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of [[Page 19277

  16. 7 CFR 1463.103 - Eligible quota holder.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Eligible quota holder. 1463.103 Section 1463.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS 2005-2014 TOBACCO TRANSITION PROGRAM Tobacco...

  17. 78 FR 61939 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Snapper-Grouper Resources of the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-07

    ... statistics, NMFS has determined that 75 percent of the available commercial quota for the July 1 through... implemented, and increase the probability that the commercial ACL (commercial quota) will be exceeded. For the...

  18. 21 CFR 1315.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1315.24 Section 1315.24 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1315.24 Inventory...

  19. 21 CFR 1315.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1315.24 Section 1315.24 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1315.24 Inventory...

  20. 21 CFR 1315.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1315.24 Section 1315.24 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1315.24 Inventory...

  1. 21 CFR 1315.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1315.24 Section 1315.24 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1315.24 Inventory...

  2. 21 CFR 1315.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1315.24 Section 1315.24 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND PRODUCTION QUOTAS FOR EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE, AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Individual Manufacturing Quotas § 1315.24 Inventory...

  3. Linkages in the use of recreation environments across the urban to ex-urban spectrum by urban residents

    Treesearch

    John F. Dwyer; Susan C. Barro

    2001-01-01

    A study of recreation behavior of residents of Cook County, Illinois was conducted in early 1999. Respondents were contacted via telephone and surveyed about their awareness and use of outdoor recreation sites in and around Chicago and as far away as the Shawnee National Forest in Southern Illinois. The sample was selected using random digit dialing and a quota for...

  4. Public Attitude Survey of Canada on School/Amateur Sports, Amateur and Professional Athletics, and the Effect of T.V. Sports/Athletics Aggression.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Moriarty, Dick; Leduc, Larry

    This article presents the results of a public attitude survey of a quota sample of approximately 4,000 age 18 and older Canadians, in which respondents were asked to express their opinion on who should own and operate professional athletics, national and international amateur athletics, and school/amateur sport. Attitude was also assessed on what…

  5. The Uses of Television and Their Educational Implications; Preliminary Findings from a Survey of Adult and Adolescent New York Television Viewers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gans, Herbert J.

    To collect data on how to make television a more effective learning instrument outside of the classroom, a standard probability sample with quotas consisting of 200 adults and 200 adolescents living in New York City was interviewed to study how people use TV, their attitudes toward various types of programing, and their viewing preferences.…

  6. Linkages in the use of recreation environments across the urban to ex-urban spectrum by urban residents

    Treesearch

    John F. Dwyer; Susan C. Barro

    2002-01-01

    A study of recreation behavior of residents of Cook County, Illinois was conducted in early 1999. Respondents were contacted via telephone and surveyed about their awareness and use of outdoor recreation sites in and around Chicago and as far away as the Shawnee National Forest in Southern Illinois. The sample was selected using random digit dialing and a quota for...

  7. Job Security at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences: Implications on Employees and Types of Contracts

    PubMed Central

    Alavi, Seyyed Salman; Alaghemandan, Hamed; Jannatifard, Fereshte

    2013-01-01

    Introduction: Medical universities are of those organizations that serve many individuals. As a result, the employees who work at medical universities should have adequate job qualifications and requisite conditions for work. Job security is one of these needed conditions. The current study aims to determine the main components of job security among the employees of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). Method and materials: The study had a cross-sectional design. The sample included 300 employees which were selected from the faculties of IUMS. The sample was recruited using quota sampling. First, demographic and Job security questionnaires were completed by each employee. Then, data was analyzed by descriptive methods and ANOVA in SPSS16. Results: The study results showed that there was no significant difference among five subscales of Job security questionnaire and as a result, job security among the employees of IUMS but there was a significant difference in job security among male and female employees and a significant difference in job security based on type of job contract. Discussion: Lower rate of job security among female employees with temporary job contracts has professional and psychological implication for both females and IUMS which should be considered in designing professional programs of IUMS. PMID:23687464

  8. Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching

    PubMed Central

    Zhai, Yaming; Yang, Qian; Wu, Yunyu

    2016-01-01

    To investigate better saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes that scheduling with the compromise among yield (Yt), quality, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil salt residual, an experiment with three irrigation quotas and three salinities of irrigation water was conducted under straw mulching in northern China. The irrigation quota levels were 280 mm (W1), 320 mm (W2) and 360 mm (W3), and the salinity levels were 1.0 dS/m (F), 3.0 dS/m (S1) and 5.0 dS/m (S2). Compared to freshwater, saline water irrigations decreased the maximum leaf area index (LAIm) of tomatoes, and the LAIm presented a decline tendency with higher salinity and lower irrigation quota. The best overall quality of tomato was obtained by S2W1, with the comprehensive quality index of 3.61. A higher salinity and lower irrigation quota resulted in a decrease of individual fruit weight and an increase of the blossom-end rot incidence, finally led to a reduction in the tomato Yt and marketable yield (Ym). After one growth season of tomato, the mass fraction of soil salt in plough layer under S2W1 treatment was the highest, and which presented a decline trend with an increasing irrigation quota. Moreover, compared to W1, soil salts had a tendency to move to the deeper soil layer when using W2 and W3 irrigation quota. According to the calculation results of projection pursuit model, S1W3 was the optimal treatment that possessed the best comprehensive benefit (tomato overall quality, Yt, Ym, IWUE and soil salt residual), and was recommended as the saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes in northern China. PMID:27806098

  9. Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching.

    PubMed

    Zhai, Yaming; Yang, Qian; Wu, Yunyu

    2016-01-01

    To investigate better saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes that scheduling with the compromise among yield (Yt), quality, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil salt residual, an experiment with three irrigation quotas and three salinities of irrigation water was conducted under straw mulching in northern China. The irrigation quota levels were 280 mm (W1), 320 mm (W2) and 360 mm (W3), and the salinity levels were 1.0 dS/m (F), 3.0 dS/m (S1) and 5.0 dS/m (S2). Compared to freshwater, saline water irrigations decreased the maximum leaf area index (LAIm) of tomatoes, and the LAIm presented a decline tendency with higher salinity and lower irrigation quota. The best overall quality of tomato was obtained by S2W1, with the comprehensive quality index of 3.61. A higher salinity and lower irrigation quota resulted in a decrease of individual fruit weight and an increase of the blossom-end rot incidence, finally led to a reduction in the tomato Yt and marketable yield (Ym). After one growth season of tomato, the mass fraction of soil salt in plough layer under S2W1 treatment was the highest, and which presented a decline trend with an increasing irrigation quota. Moreover, compared to W1, soil salts had a tendency to move to the deeper soil layer when using W2 and W3 irrigation quota. According to the calculation results of projection pursuit model, S1W3 was the optimal treatment that possessed the best comprehensive benefit (tomato overall quality, Yt, Ym, IWUE and soil salt residual), and was recommended as the saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes in northern China.

  10. 50 CFR 635.27 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... early as feasible, the General category effort control schedule, including daily retention limits and... based on the species composition calculated from data collected by observers on non-research trips and... paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (vii) Non-blacknose small coastal sharks. The base annual commercial quota...

  11. 21 CFR 1315.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.21 Section 1315.21 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND... for and issue to each person registered to manufacture in bulk ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  12. 21 CFR 1315.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.21 Section 1315.21 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND... for and issue to each person registered to manufacture in bulk ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  13. 21 CFR 1315.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.21 Section 1315.21 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND... for and issue to each person registered to manufacture in bulk ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  14. 21 CFR 1315.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.21 Section 1315.21 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND... for and issue to each person registered to manufacture in bulk ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  15. 21 CFR 1315.21 - Individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Individual manufacturing quotas. 1315.21 Section 1315.21 Food and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMPORTATION AND... for and issue to each person registered to manufacture in bulk ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or...

  16. 78 FR 64198 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Tilefish Fishery; 2014 Tilefish Fishing Quota...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-28

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration RIN 0648-XC887 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Tilefish Fishery; 2014 Tilefish Fishing Quota Specification AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce...

  17. Administering a Solution: Goals versus Quotas

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pottinger, J. Stanley

    1975-01-01

    Noting the federal regulations and guidelines on affirmative action, responses to them, and two Fifth Circuit Court cases regarding efficacy, propriety and constitutionality of affirmative numerical hiring relief, the Assistant U. S. Attorney General, Civil Rights Division, sketches the differences between numerical quotas and realistic goals in…

  18. 78 FR 54399 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-04

    .... 130104009-3416-02] RIN 0648-XC815 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration...: Carly Bari, Fishery Management Specialist, 978-281-9224. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Regulations...

  19. 77 FR 58969 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-25

    .... 120201086-2418-02] RIN 0648-XC235 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration...: Carly Bari, Fishery Management Specialist, 978-281-9224. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Regulations...

  20. 21 CFR 1303.12 - Procurement quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... and Drugs DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE QUOTAS Aggregate Production and... substance, and, if a controlled substance listed in any schedule, the schedule number and Administration... Administration. See the Table of DEA Mailing Addresses in § 1321.01 of this chapter for the current mailing...

  1. The current shortage and future surplus of doctors: a projection of the future growth of the Japanese medical workforce.

    PubMed

    Takata, Hideaki; Nagata, Hiroshi; Nogawa, Hiroki; Tanaka, Hiroshi

    2011-05-27

    Starting in the late 1980s, the Japanese government decreased the number of students accepted into medical school each year in order to reduce healthcare spending. The result of this policy is a serious shortage of doctors in Japan today, which has become a social problem in recent years. In an attempt to solve this problem, the Japanese government decided in 2007 to increase the medical student quota from 7625 to 8848. Furthermore, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), Japan's ruling party after the 2009 election, promised in their manifesto to increase the medical student quota to 1.5 times what it was in 2007, in order to raise the number of medical doctors to more than 3.0 per 1000 persons. It should be noted, however, that this rapid increase in the medical student quota may bring about a serious doctor surplus in the future, especially because the population of Japan is decreasing.The purpose of this research is to project the future growth of the Japanese medical doctor workforce from 2008 to 2050 and to forecast whether the proposed additional increase in the student quota will cause a doctor surplus. Simulation modeling of the Japanese medical workforce. Even if the additional increase in the medical student quota promised by the DPJ fails, the number of practitioners is projected to increase from 286 699 (2.25 per 1000 persons) in 2008 to 365 533 (over the national numerical goal of 3.0 per 1000) in 2024. The number of practitioners per 1000 persons is projected to further increase to 3.10 in 2025, to 3.71 in 2035, and to 4.69 in 2050. If the additional increase in the medical student quota promised by the DPJ is realized, the total workforce is projected to rise to 392 331 (3.29 per 1000 persons) in 2025, 464 296 (4.20 per 1,000 persons) in 2035, and 545 230 (5.73 per 1000 persons) in 2050. The plan to increase the medical student quota will bring about a serious doctor surplus in the long run.

  2. 78 FR 9428 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comments Requested: Application...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-08

    ... Quota for a Basic Class of Controlled Substance and for Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, and... Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention Department of Justice Desk...: Application for Individual Manufacturing Quota for a Basic Class of Controlled Substance and for Ephedrine...

  3. 7 CFR 6.20 - Introduction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Introduction. 6.20 Section 6.20 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing § 6.20 Introduction. (a) Presidential Proclamation 6763 of December 23, 1994, modified the Harmonized Tariff Schedule...

  4. 50 CFR 635.27 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... landings, the period of time remaining in the current fishing year, current and historical landings trends... the convenience of the user, the revised text is set forth as follows: § 635.27 Quotas. (d) Atlantic..., current and historical landings trends, and any other relevant factors, NMFS will file for publication...

  5. 7 CFR 6.32 - Globalization of licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota... Trade Representative, the applicable licensees to enter the remaining balance or a portion thereof from... consent for such an adjustment of licenses from the government of the exporting country for quantities in...

  6. 7 CFR 1463.106 - Base quota levels for eligible tobacco producers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Base quota levels for eligible tobacco producers. 1463.106 Section 1463.106 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS 2005-2014...

  7. 19 CFR 132.25 - Undeliverable shipment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Undeliverable shipment. 132.25 Section 132.25 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.25 Undeliverable shipment. If within a...

  8. 19 CFR 132.25 - Undeliverable shipment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Undeliverable shipment. 132.25 Section 132.25 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.25 Undeliverable shipment. If within a...

  9. 76 FR 74009 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-30

    .... 101228634-1149-02] RIN 0648-XA825 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration..., 2011, through December 31, 2011. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carly Bari, Fishery Management...

  10. 7 CFR 718.110 - Adjustments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... MARKETING QUOTAS, ACREAGE ALLOTMENTS, AND PRODUCTION ADJUSTMENT PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO MULTIPLE PROGRAMS... in order to avoid a marketing quota penalty if such person: (1) Notifies the county committee of such... committee; and (2) Pays the cost of a farm inspection to determine the adjusted acreage prior to the date...

  11. Deficit of state-dependent risk attitude modulation in gambling disorder

    PubMed Central

    Fujimoto, A; Tsurumi, K; Kawada, R; Murao, T; Takeuchi, H; Murai, T; Takahashi, H

    2017-01-01

    Gambling disorder (GD) is often considered as a problem of trait-like risk preference. However, the symptoms of GD cannot be fully understood by this trait view. In the present study, we hypothesized that GD patients also had problem with a flexible control of risk attitude (state-dependent strategy optimization), and aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying abnormal risk-taking of GD. To address this issue, we tested GD patients without comorbidity (GD group: n=21) and age-matched healthy control participants (HC group: n=29) in a multi-step gambling task, in which participants needed to clear ‘block quota' (required units to clear a block, 1000–7000 units) in 20 choices, and conducted a task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. Behavioral analysis indeed revealed a less flexible risk-attitude change in the GD group; the GD group failed to avoid risky choice in a specific quota range (low-quota condition), in which risky strategy was not optimal to solve the quota. Accordingly, fMRI analysis highlighted diminished functioning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), which has been heavily implicated in cognitive flexibility. To our knowledge, the present study provided the first empirical evidence of a deficit of state-dependent strategy optimization in GD. Focusing on flexible control of risk attitude under quota may contribute to a better understanding of the psychopathology of GDs. PMID:28375207

  12. Deficit of state-dependent risk attitude modulation in gambling disorder.

    PubMed

    Fujimoto, A; Tsurumi, K; Kawada, R; Murao, T; Takeuchi, H; Murai, T; Takahashi, H

    2017-04-04

    Gambling disorder (GD) is often considered as a problem of trait-like risk preference. However, the symptoms of GD cannot be fully understood by this trait view. In the present study, we hypothesized that GD patients also had problem with a flexible control of risk attitude (state-dependent strategy optimization), and aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying abnormal risk-taking of GD. To address this issue, we tested GD patients without comorbidity (GD group: n=21) and age-matched healthy control participants (HC group: n=29) in a multi-step gambling task, in which participants needed to clear 'block quota' (required units to clear a block, 1000-7000 units) in 20 choices, and conducted a task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. Behavioral analysis indeed revealed a less flexible risk-attitude change in the GD group; the GD group failed to avoid risky choice in a specific quota range (low-quota condition), in which risky strategy was not optimal to solve the quota. Accordingly, fMRI analysis highlighted diminished functioning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), which has been heavily implicated in cognitive flexibility. To our knowledge, the present study provided the first empirical evidence of a deficit of state-dependent strategy optimization in GD. Focusing on flexible control of risk attitude under quota may contribute to a better understanding of the psychopathology of GDs.

  13. Consumer Perception and Buying Decisions(The Pasta Study)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kazmi, Syeda Quratulain

    2012-11-01

    The project ìconsumer perception and buying behavior (the pasta studyî) is basically measures the development of perception through different variables and identify those factors which stimulate buying decision of consumer. Among various variables which effect consumer buying pattern I choose AWARENESS and AVAILABILITY of the product as two main variables which have strong effect on popularity and sale of pasta product. As my research is totally based on qualitative method thatís why I choose quota sampling technique and collect data by interviewing house wives resides in different areas of Karachi. The reason of choosing only house wives as respondent is that house wives can give true insight factors which hinder the popularity of pasta products in Pakistan. Focus group discussions have been conducted to extract findings. 30 house wives have been interviewed and their responses have been analyzed.

  14. 15 CFR 2011.109 - Suspension or revocation of individual certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.109 Suspension or revocation of individual certificates. (a) Suspension or revocation. The Secretary may suspend, revoke, modify or add... necessary to ensure the effective operation of the import quota system for sugar and that such suspension...

  15. 15 CFR 2011.109 - Suspension or revocation of individual certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.109 Suspension or revocation of individual certificates. (a) Suspension or revocation. The Secretary may suspend, revoke, modify or add... necessary to ensure the effective operation of the import quota system for sugar and that such suspension...

  16. 15 CFR 2011.109 - Suspension or revocation of individual certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.109 Suspension or revocation of individual certificates. (a) Suspension or revocation. The Secretary may suspend, revoke, modify or add... necessary to ensure the effective operation of the import quota system for sugar and that such suspension...

  17. 15 CFR 2011.109 - Suspension or revocation of individual certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.109 Suspension or revocation of individual certificates. (a) Suspension or revocation. The Secretary may suspend, revoke, modify or add... necessary to ensure the effective operation of the import quota system for sugar and that such suspension...

  18. 15 CFR 2011.109 - Suspension or revocation of individual certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.109 Suspension or revocation of individual certificates. (a) Suspension or revocation. The Secretary may suspend, revoke, modify or add... necessary to ensure the effective operation of the import quota system for sugar and that such suspension...

  19. 78 FR 25415 - Waivers Under the Refined Sugar Re-Export Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-01

    ... license amounts and provide greater flexibility to offset exports and transfers with raw sugar imports...-Export Program, refiners may enter raw sugar unrestricted by the quantitative limit established for the raw sugar tariff-rate quota or the requirements of certificates of quota eligibility provided for in...

  20. 75 FR 5760 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Western Alaska Community Development Quota Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-04

    ... Development Quota (CDQ) Program is an economic development program implemented under the Magnuson Stevens... Islands Management Area fisheries, to support economic development in western Alaska, to alleviate poverty and provide economic and social benefits for residents of western Alaska, and to achieve sustainable...

  1. 75 FR 60066 - Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-29

    ... of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA Countries From Regional Country Fabric AGENCY... (ATPA) to provide for duty and quota-free treatment for certain textile and apparel articles imported... articles assembled in ATPDEA beneficiary countries from regional fabric and components. More specifically...

  2. 46 CFR 356.55 - Review of compliance with harvesting and processing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Review of compliance with harvesting and processing quotas. 356.55 Section 356.55 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS FOR VESSELS OF 100 FEET OR GREATER IN REGISTERED LENGTH TO OBTAIN A FISHERY...

  3. 46 CFR 356.55 - Review of compliance with harvesting and processing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Review of compliance with harvesting and processing quotas. 356.55 Section 356.55 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS FOR VESSELS OF 100 FEET OR GREATER IN REGISTERED LENGTH TO OBTAIN A FISHERY...

  4. A Tale of Two Indias

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sidhu, Jonathan

    2007-01-01

    The latest battle between India's increasingly successful haves and left-behind have-nots is playing out in the country's educational system. India's Supreme Court recently upheld a stay against a quota system for low-caste and historically oppressed Indians, who are officially called Other Backward Classes. The decision could halt quotas for…

  5. 77 FR 19175 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2012 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-30

    ...-XA920 Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2012 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications AGENCY... INFORMATION: Atlantic bluefin tuna, bigeye tuna, albacore tuna, yellowfin tuna, and skipjack tuna (hereafter referred to as ``Atlantic tunas'') are managed under the dual authority of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery...

  6. 78 FR 5775 - Notice of Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQ) on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-28

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Notice of Allocation of Tariff Rate... Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice of allocation of 2013 worsted wool fabric tariff rate quota. SUMMARY: The Department of Commerce (Department) has determined the allocation for...

  7. 7 CFR 6.44 - Delegation of authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 6.44 Section 6.44 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.44 Delegation of authority. The powers vested in the Administrator, FAS, insofar as...

  8. 7 CFR 6.44 - Delegation of authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 6.44 Section 6.44 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.44 Delegation of authority. The powers vested in the Administrator, FAS, insofar as...

  9. 7 CFR 6.32 - Globalization of licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Globalization of licenses. 6.32 Section 6.32 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing § 6.32 Globalization of licenses. If the Licensing Authority determines that entries of an article...

  10. 19 CFR 132.12 - Procedure on opening of potentially filled quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... consumption, with estimated duties attached, shall not be presented before 12 noon Eastern Standard Time in all time zones. However, an entry summary for consumption, or withdrawal for consumption, for... exact moment of the opening of the quota in all time zones. All importers prepared to present entry...

  11. 78 FR 72585 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-03

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XD004 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2013 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the Commonwealth of Virginia has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries [[Page 72586

  12. 75 FR 4490 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-28

    ...; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric... granted safe harbor in Virginia due to poor weather conditions and a navigation hazard on January 2, 2010.... Emily H. Menashes, Acting Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service...

  13. 19 CFR 132.24 - Entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Entry. 132.24 Section 132.24 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.24 Entry. Unless a formal entry or entry by appraisement is...

  14. 19 CFR 132.24 - Entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Entry. 132.24 Section 132.24 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.24 Entry. Unless a formal entry or entry by appraisement is...

  15. 21 CFR 1303.24 - Inventory allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Inventory allowance. 1303.24 Section 1303.24 Food... Quotas § 1303.24 Inventory allowance. (a) For the purpose of determining individual manufacturing quotas... sufficient to maintain an inventory equal to, (1) For current manufacturers, 50 percent of his average...

  16. 7 CFR 6.44 - Delegation of authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 6.44 Section 6.44 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.44 Delegation of authority. The powers vested in the Administrator, FAS, insofar as...

  17. 7 CFR 6.44 - Delegation of authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 6.44 Section 6.44 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.44 Delegation of authority. The powers vested in the Administrator, FAS, insofar as...

  18. 7 CFR 6.44 - Delegation of authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Delegation of authority. 6.44 Section 6.44 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Price-Undercutting of Domestic Cheese by Quota Cheeses § 6.44 Delegation of authority. The powers vested in the Administrator, FAS, insofar as...

  19. 50 CFR 622.43 - Closures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... following closure restrictions apply (See § 622.49 for closure provisions when an ACL is reached or... quota specified in § 622.42, or the ACL specified in 622.49, being reached and subsequent data indicate that the quota or ACL was not reached, the Assistant Administrator may file a notification to that...

  20. 77 FR 76424 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-28

    .... 120201086-2418-02] RIN 0648-XC394 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration...: Effective December 21, 2012, through December 31, 2012. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carly Bari, Fishery...

  1. 78 FR 64182 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-28

    .... 130104009-3416-02] RIN 0648-XC921 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration...: Effective October 25, 2013, through December 31, 2013. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carly Bari, Fishery...

  2. 75 FR 81142 - Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Provisions; Fisheries of the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-27

    ...; Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Surfclam and Ocean Quahog Fishery; Final 2011-2013 Fishing Quotas for Atlantic Surfclam and Ocean Quahog AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS... implements final quotas for the Atlantic surfclam and ocean quahog fisheries for 2011, 2012, and 2013...

  3. 19 CFR 132.23 - Partial release procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Partial release procedure. 132.23 Section 132.23... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.23 Partial release procedure. (a... of the importation before delivery thereof, and since I am desirous of receiving the packages of such...

  4. 19 CFR 132.23 - Partial release procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Partial release procedure. 132.23 Section 132.23... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.23 Partial release procedure. (a... of the importation before delivery thereof, and since I am desirous of receiving the packages of such...

  5. 19 CFR 132.23 - Partial release procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Partial release procedure. 132.23 Section 132.23... TREASURY QUOTAS Mail Importation of Absolute Quota Merchandise § 132.23 Partial release procedure. (a... of the importation before delivery thereof, and since I am desirous of receiving the packages of such...

  6. 50 CFR 622.15 - Wreckfish individual transferable quota (ITQ) system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... shares. (1) In accordance with the procedure specified in the Fishery Management Plan for the Snapper-Grouper Fishery of the South Atlantic Region, percentage shares of the quota for wreckfish have been... (ITQ) system. 622.15 Section 622.15 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT...

  7. 21 CFR 1303.13 - Adjustments of aggregate production quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ...) Changes in the demand for that class, changes in the national rate of net disposal of the class, and... for that class; (2) Whether any increased demand for that class, the national and/or individual rates... demand for that class can be met through existing inventories, increased individual manufacturing quotas...

  8. New Empirical Evidence on the Validity and the Reliability of the Early Life Stress Questionnaire in a Polish Sample.

    PubMed

    Sokołowski, Andrzej; Dragan, Wojciech Ł

    2017-01-01

    Background: The Early Life Stress Questionnaire (ELSQ) is widely used to estimate the prevalence of negative events during childhood, including emotional, physical, verbal, sexual abuse, negligence, severe conflicts, separation, parental divorce, substance abuse, poverty, and so forth. Objective: This study presents the psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of the ELSQ. It also verifies if early life stress (ELS) is a good predictor of psychopathology symptoms during adulthood. Materials and Methods: We analyzed data from two samples. Sample 1 was selected by random quota method from across the country and included 609 participants aged 18-50 years, 306 women (50.2%) and 303 men (49.8%). Sample 2 contained 503 young adults (253 women and 250 men) aged 18-25. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were used to measure ELSQ internal consistency. The validity was based on the relation to psychopathological symptoms and substance misuse. Results: Results showed good internal consistency and validity. Exploratory factor analysis indicates a six-factor structure of the ELSQ. ELS was related to psychopathology in adulthood, including depressive, sociophobic, vegetative as well as pain symptoms. ELSQ score correlated also with alcohol use, but not nicotine dependence. Moreover, ELS was correlated with stress in adulthood. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the Polish version of the ELSQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing ELS in the Polish population and may be applied in both clinical and community samples.

  9. [Evaluation of the factorial and metric equivalence of the Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) by sex].

    PubMed

    Sierra, Juan Carlos; Santos-Iglesias, Pablo; Vallejo-Medina, Pablo

    2012-05-01

    Sexual assertiveness refers to the ability to initiate sexual activity, refuse unwanted sexual activity, and use contraceptive methods to avoid sexually transmitted diseases, developing healthy sexual behaviors. The Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) assesses these three dimensions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate, using structural equation modeling and differential item functioning, the equivalence of the scale between men and women. Standard scores are also provided. A total of 4,034 participants from 21 Spanish provinces took part in the study. Quota sampling method was used. Results indicate a strict equivalent dimensionality of the Sexual Assertiveness Scale across sexes. One item was flagged by differential item functioning, although it does not affect the scale. Therefore, there is no significant bias in the scale when comparing across sexes. Standard scores show similar Initiation assertiveness scores for men and women, and higher scores on Refusal and Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention for women. This scale can be used on men and women with sufficient psychometric guarantees.

  10. Quotas, Relocation and Jobs

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blumrosen, Alfred

    1975-01-01

    This testimony, before a public hearing of the New York City Commission on Human Rights in May 1974, has two express focuses: one is the question of quotas, and the other is the problem of relocation of plants and facilities in the suburban areas and the consequent difficulties minorities face in retaining equal employment opportunities.…

  11. 15 CFR 2011.103 - Entry into the United States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Entry into the United States. 2011.103... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate of Quota Eligibility § 2011.103 Entry into the United States. (a) General. Except as...

  12. 78 FR 25426 - Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; American Fisheries Act, Amendment 80 Program...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-01

    ... Community Development Quota Program; Public Workshops AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS... Development Quota (CDQ) Program. The workshops will address (1) The applicability of cost recovery fees... overview of the potential impacts of cost recovery programs, and (3) an overview of proposed regulatory...

  13. 78 FR 59917 - Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-30

    ... of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub-Saharan African Countries From Regional and Third... quota-free treatment for certain textile and apparel articles imported from designated beneficiary sub... apparel articles wholly assembled in one or more beneficiary sub-Saharan African countries from fabric...

  14. 50 CFR 648.291 - Individual fishing quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Individual fishing quota. 648.291 Section... vessel with a fishing history that includes a valid tilefish limited access permit for the 2005 permit year and reported landings of tilefish from 2001 through 2005 that constituted at least 0.5 percent of...

  15. 50 CFR 648.291 - Individual fishing quota.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 10 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Individual fishing quota. 648.291 Section... tilefish limited access permit for the 2005 permit year and reported landings of tilefish from 2001 through 2005 that constituted at least 0.5 percent of the total landings in the tilefish Category for which it...

  16. 75 FR 33731 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2010 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-15

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Part 635 [Docket No. 100317152-0176-01] RIN 0648-AY77 Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2010 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications Correction In rule document 2010-13207 beginning on page 30732 in the issue of Wednesday, June 2...

  17. 76 FR 1137 - Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-07

    ... COMMITTEE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEXTILE AGREEMENTS Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA Countries From Regional Country Fabric AGENCY: Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements (CITA). ACTION: Amending the 12-Month Cap...

  18. 76 FR 66915 - Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-28

    ... COMMITTEE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEXTILE AGREEMENTS Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA Countries From Regional Country Fabric AGENCY: Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements (CITA). ACTION: Amending the 12-Month Cap...

  19. 77 FR 59913 - Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-01

    ... COMMITTEE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEXTILE AGREEMENTS Amendment of Limitation of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary ATPDEA Countries From Regional Country Fabric AGENCY: Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements (CITA). ACTION: Amending the 12-month cap...

  20. 78 FR 52123 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2006 Consolidated Highly Migratory Species Fishery Management...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-22

    ... quota. As described in the proposed rule, the proposed measures include Allocation measures, Area-Based... logistics for 10 public hearings to provide additional opportunities for members of the public to comment on... among the quota categories; (2) area-based measures that would implement restrictions on the use of...

  1. 76 FR 61472 - Revised Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Refined Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-04

    ... Allocations for Refined Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice... (TRQ) for imported refined sugar for entry through November 30, 2011. DATES: Effective Date: October 4... States maintains a tariff-rate quota for imports of refined sugar. Section 404(d)(3) of the Uruguay Round...

  2. 76 FR 78044 - Controlled Substances: Established Aggregate Production Quotas for 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-15

    ... that the 2012 aggregate production quotas for the following controlled substances, expressed in grams... Methamphetamine 3,130,000 g [750,000 grams of levo-desoxyephedrine for use in a non-controlled, non- prescription product; 2,331,000 grams for methamphetamine mostly for conversion to a Schedule III product; and 49,000...

  3. 77 FR 39737 - Controlled Substances: Proposed Adjustment to the Aggregate Production Quotas for 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-05

    ... aggregate production quotas for some schedule I and II controlled substances, expressed in grams of.... [750,000 grams of levo-desoxyephedrine for use in a non-controlled, non-prescription product; 2,331,000 grams for methamphetamine mostly for conversion to a schedule III product; and 49,000 grams for...

  4. 75 FR 79404 - Controlled Substances: Established Initial Aggregate Production Quotas for 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-20

    ... quotas for the following controlled substances, expressed in grams of anhydrous acid or base, be... sale) 20,000,000 g Methadone Intermediate 26,000,000 g Methamphetamine 3,130,000 g [750,000 grams of levo-desoxyephedrine for use in a non-controlled, non- prescription product; 2,331,000 grams for...

  5. 75 FR 82295 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Bluefish Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-30

    .... 100204079-0199-02] RIN 0648-XA084 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Bluefish Fishery... the Commonwealth of Virginia is transferring commercial bluefish quota to the State of North Carolina... INFORMATION: Regulations governing the Atlantic bluefish fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations...

  6. 77 FR 58051 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested for the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-19

    .... 120201086-2418-02] RIN 0648-XC236 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Bluefish Fishery; Commercial...: NMFS announces that the 2012 bluefish commercial quota allocated to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the bluefish fishery may...

  7. 50 CFR 680.40 - Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS), Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ), and Individual...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... exclude any deadloss, test fishing, fishing conducted under an experimental, exploratory, or scientific..., education, exploratory, or experimental permit, or under the Western Alaska CDQ Program. (iv) Documentation... information is true, correct, and complete to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. If the application is...

  8. 50 CFR 680.40 - Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS), Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ), and Individual...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... exclude any deadloss, test fishing, fishing conducted under an experimental, exploratory, or scientific..., education, exploratory, or experimental permit, or under the Western Alaska CDQ Program. (iv) Documentation... information is true, correct, and complete to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. If the application is...

  9. 50 CFR 680.40 - Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS), Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ), and Individual...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... exclude any deadloss, test fishing, fishing conducted under an experimental, exploratory, or scientific..., education, exploratory, or experimental permit, or under the Western Alaska CDQ Program. (iv) Documentation... information is true, correct, and complete to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. If the application is...

  10. 50 CFR 680.40 - Crab Quota Share (QS), Processor QS (PQS), Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ), and Individual...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... exclude any deadloss, test fishing, fishing conducted under an experimental, exploratory, or scientific..., education, exploratory, or experimental permit, or under the Western Alaska CDQ Program. (iv) Documentation... information is true, correct, and complete to the best of his/her knowledge and belief. If the application is...

  11. 78 FR 76766 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-19

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XD030 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2013 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the State of New Jersey has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the summer flounder fishery...

  12. 76 FR 17032 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-28

    .... 101029427-0609-02] RIN 0648-XA301 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2010 and 2011 commercial summer flounder quotas to the Commonwealth of Virginia. Vessels were authorized by Virginia to land summer flounder under safe...

  13. 75 FR 76925 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-10

    .... 0908191244-91427-02] RIN 0648-XA070 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... is transferring a portion of its 2010 commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of... governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  14. 78 FR 33 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-02

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC396 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of Virginia, the State of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer...

  15. 78 FR 9849 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-12

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC451 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is retroactively transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder... summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a commercial quota...

  16. 78 FR 20037 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-03

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XC542 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require...

  17. 77 FR 64239 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-19

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC294 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2012 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the State of New York has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the summer flounder fishery...

  18. 77 FR 75569 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-21

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC404 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2012 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the State of New Jersey has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the summer flounder fishery...

  19. 76 FR 81851 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-29

    .... 101029427-0609-02] RIN 0648-XA884 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2011 commercial summer flounder quota to the...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  20. 77 FR 52262 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-29

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC176 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...; closure. SUMMARY: NMFS announces that the 2012 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the... summer flounder fishery may not land summer flounder in Massachusetts for the remainder of calendar year...

  1. 75 FR 52890 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-30

    .... 0908191244-91427ndash;02] RIN 0648-XY35 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...; closure. SUMMARY: NMFS announces that the 2010 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the... summer flounder fishery may not land summer flounder in Massachusetts for the remainder of calendar year...

  2. 78 FR 13812 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-01

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XC499 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require...

  3. 76 FR 81851 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-29

    .... 101029427-0609-02] RIN 0648-XA887 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of Maine is transferring portions of their 2011 commercial summer flounder quota to the State of...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  4. 75 FR 2820 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-19

    .... 0809251266-81485-02] RIN 0648-XT61 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2009 commercial summer flounder quota to the...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  5. 78 FR 51096 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-20

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC811 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...; closure. SUMMARY: NMFS announces that the 2013 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the... summer flounder fishery may not land summer flounder in Massachusetts for the remainder of calendar year...

  6. 78 FR 59626 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-27

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC878 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2013 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the State of New York has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the summer flounder fishery...

  7. 78 FR 70890 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Commercial Quota Harvested...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-27

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC998 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery...: NMFS announces that the 2013 summer flounder commercial quota allocated to the State of New Jersey has been harvested. Vessels issued a commercial Federal fisheries permit for the summer flounder fishery...

  8. 77 FR 14481 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-12

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XB026 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  9. 75 FR 22025 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-27

    .... 0908191244-91427-02] RIN 0648-XV91 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2010 commercial summer flounder quota to the...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  10. 76 FR 23206 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-26

    .... 101029427-0609-02] RIN 0648-XA371 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2011 commercial summer flounder quota to the Commonwealth of Virginia. Vessels from North Carolina were authorized by Virginia to land summer flounder under...

  11. 77 FR 25103 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-27

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC002 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the... governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a...

  12. 75 FR 30739 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-02

    .... 0908191244-91427-02] RIN 0648-XW47 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2010 commercial summer flounder quota to the...: Regulations governing the summer flounder fishery are found at 50 CFR part 648. The regulations require annual...

  13. Implementation and Incentive of Education Policies: Experience from the High School Admissions Quota Allocation Policy

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shiyue, Wang

    2017-01-01

    Improving administrative efficiency is the core problem in administrative governance. This case study of quota allocation policy implementation in City A reveals that a set of education policy implementation and incentive mechanisms revolving around responsibility contracts and target evaluations has already taken shape, to guarantee effective…

  14. 78 FR 68373 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; 2013 Commercial Accountability...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-14

    ... Science Research Director, have reached the commercial annual catch limit (ACL). Therefore, NMFS closes... Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) by regulations at 50 CFR part 622. The commercial ACL (commercial quota... required to close the commercial sector for gag when the commercial ACL (commercial quota) has been reached...

  15. 7 CFR 6.23 - Eligibility to apply for a license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... quantities and number of shipments required under (A) or (B) above. (2) Certain butter. A person issued a nonhistorical license for butter for the 1997 or 1998 quota year may annually apply for a historical license (Appendix 1) for the same quantity of butter for the subsequent quota year and each year thereafter...

  16. 7 CFR 6.23 - Eligibility to apply for a license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... quantities and number of shipments required under (A) or (B) above. (2) Certain butter. A person issued a nonhistorical license for butter for the 1997 or 1998 quota year may annually apply for a historical license (Appendix 1) for the same quantity of butter for the subsequent quota year and each year thereafter...

  17. 7 CFR 6.23 - Eligibility to apply for a license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... quantities and number of shipments required under (A) or (B) above. (2) Certain butter. A person issued a nonhistorical license for butter for the 1997 or 1998 quota year may annually apply for a historical license (Appendix 1) for the same quantity of butter for the subsequent quota year and each year thereafter...

  18. 7 CFR 6.23 - Eligibility to apply for a license.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... quantities and number of shipments required under (A) or (B) above. (2) Certain butter. A person issued a nonhistorical license for butter for the 1997 or 1998 quota year may annually apply for a historical license (Appendix 1) for the same quantity of butter for the subsequent quota year and each year thereafter...

  19. 18 CFR 1310.3 - Assessment of administrative charge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... rights-of-way—$100-$1,500. (5) Quota deer hunt or turkey hunt applications—$5-$25. (b) Basis of charge... deer hunt and turkey hunt application fees. A fee for each person in the amount prescribed by the responsible land manager must accompany the complete application form for a quota deer hunt and turkey hunt...

  20. 18 CFR 1310.3 - Assessment of administrative charge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... rights-of-way—$100-$1,500. (5) Quota deer hunt or turkey hunt applications—$5-$25. (b) Basis of charge... deer hunt and turkey hunt application fees. A fee for each person in the amount prescribed by the responsible land manager must accompany the complete application form for a quota deer hunt and turkey hunt...

  1. 18 CFR 1310.3 - Assessment of administrative charge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... rights-of-way—$100-$1,500. (5) Quota deer hunt or turkey hunt applications—$5-$25. (b) Basis of charge... deer hunt and turkey hunt application fees. A fee for each person in the amount prescribed by the responsible land manager must accompany the complete application form for a quota deer hunt and turkey hunt...

  2. 18 CFR 1310.3 - Assessment of administrative charge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... rights-of-way—$100-$1,500. (5) Quota deer hunt or turkey hunt applications—$5-$25. (b) Basis of charge... deer hunt and turkey hunt application fees. A fee for each person in the amount prescribed by the responsible land manager must accompany the complete application form for a quota deer hunt and turkey hunt...

  3. 18 CFR 1310.3 - Assessment of administrative charge.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... rights-of-way—$100-$1,500. (5) Quota deer hunt or turkey hunt applications—$5-$25. (b) Basis of charge... deer hunt and turkey hunt application fees. A fee for each person in the amount prescribed by the responsible land manager must accompany the complete application form for a quota deer hunt and turkey hunt...

  4. 50 CFR 665.269 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... which it is based as soon as practicable after the determination is made. (d) Quotas for precious coral... Beds Au'au Channel Black: 5,000 2 Makapu'u Pink: 2,000 2 Gold: 0 (zero) Bamboo: 500 2 Conditional Beds... Westpac All: 0 (zero) Exploratory Area Hawaii 1,000 per area (all species combined except black corals) 1...

  5. 50 CFR 665.269 - Quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... which it is based as soon as practicable after the determination is made. (d) Quotas for precious coral... Beds Au'au Channel Black: 5,000 2 Makapu'u Pink: 2,000 2 Gold: 0 (zero) Bamboo: 500 2 Conditional Beds... Westpac All: 0 (zero) Exploratory Area Hawaii 1,000 per area (all species combined except black corals) 1...

  6. Use of a Generalized Additive Model to Investigate Key Abiotic Factors Affecting Microcystin Cellular Quotas in Heavy Bloom Areas of Lake Taihu

    PubMed Central

    Tao, Min; Xie, Ping; Chen, Jun; Qin, Boqiang; Zhang, Dawen; Niu, Yuan; Zhang, Meng; Wang, Qing; Wu, Laiyan

    2012-01-01

    Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China and is suffering from serious cyanobacterial blooms with the associated drinking water contamination by microcystin (MC) for millions of citizens. So far, most studies on MCs have been limited to two small bays, while systematic research on the whole lake is lacking. To explain the variations in MC concentrations during cyanobacterial bloom, a large-scale survey at 30 sites across the lake was conducted monthly in 2008. The health risks of MC exposure were high, especially in the northern area. Both Microcystis abundance and MC cellular quotas presented positive correlations with MC concentration in the bloom seasons, suggesting that the toxic risks during Microcystis proliferations were affected by variations in both Microcystis density and MC production per Microcystis cell. Use of a powerful predictive modeling tool named generalized additive model (GAM) helped visualize significant effects of abiotic factors related to carbon fixation and proliferation of Microcystis (conductivity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), water temperature and pH) on MC cellular quotas from recruitment period of Microcystis to the bloom seasons, suggesting the possible use of these factors, in addition to Microcystis abundance, as warning signs to predict toxic events in the future. The interesting relationship between macrophytes and MC cellular quotas of Microcystis (i.e., high MC cellular quotas in the presence of macrophytes) needs further investigation. PMID:22384128

  7. 75 FR 43917 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Implementation of Tariff Rate Quota Established...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-27

    ...'s and boys' worsted wool suits and suit-like jackets and trousers in the United States and who apply for an allocation based on the amount of such suits cut and sewn during the prior calendar year... be reallocated. II. Method of Collection Forms are available on the Internet and by mail to...

  8. Management of percids in Lake Erie, North America

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hatch, Richard W.; Nepszy, Stephen J.; Rawson, Michael R.; van Densen, W.L.T.; Steinmetz, B.; Hughes, R.H.

    1990-01-01

    Lake Erie's fish populations and their habitats have undergone very substantial changes since 1945. Of the four percid forms originally present, the blue pike (Stizostedion vitreum glaucum) is presumed extinct, and the sauger (S. canadense) was commercially extinct by the 1950's. The walleye (S. v. vitreum) has remained stable in eastern Lake Erie but the highly productive stock of the western basin collapsed in the 1960's. Closure of the walleye fishery from 1970 to 1973, necessitated by mercury contamination, provided an opportunity for the development of an international management plan for restoration of the stock. An inter-agency Scientific Protocol Committee evaluated walleye dynamics and recommended management by quota beginning in 1976. Although quotas have been exceeded several times, the walleye stock responded well to limited exploitation, steadily increased, and expanded its range. Landings of the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) increased during the 1950's, but a steady decline in abundance, beginning in the early 1970's led to the formation in 1980 of another international inter-agency task group to recommend a basis for quota management. The short-term management recommendation, reported and accepted in 1986, was to reduce fishing effort by 20% by 1990. Both management schemes evolved when the resource agencies of the five jurisdictions (New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, and Ontario), in the two nations surrounding Lake Erie, perceived a need for the increased and improved management of a shared resource. They sought an international forum in which to develop strategies, appointed inter-agency scientific task groups to develop a basis for management recommendations, and adopted a quota management scheme. Each jurisdiction is responsible for the enforcement and allocation of its portion of the quota between user groups. Reports of catch, effort, and biological observations on stock performance are submitted annually to a standing technical committee charged with updating quotas.

  9. Distinguishing values from science in decision making: Setting harvest quotas for mountain lions in Montana

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Mitchell, Michael S.; Cooley, Hilary; Gude, Justin A.; Kolbe, Jay; Nowak, J. Joshua; Proffitt, Kelly M.; Sells, Sarah N.; Thompson, Mike

    2018-01-01

    The relative roles of science and human values can be difficult to distinguish when informal processes are used to make complex and contentious decisions in wildlife management. Structured Decision Making (SDM) offers a formal process for making such decisions, where scientific results and concepts can be disentangled from the values of differing stakeholders. We used SDM to formally integrate science and human values for a citizen working group of ungulate hunting advocates, lion hunting advocates, and outfitters convened to address the contentious allocation of harvest quotas for mountain lions (Puma concolor) in west‐central Montana, USA, during 2014. A science team consisting of mountain lion biologists and population ecologists convened to support the working group. The science team used integrated population models that incorporated 4 estimates of mountain lion density to estimate population trajectories for 5 alternative harvest quotas developed by the working group. Results of the modeling predicted that effects of each harvest quota were consistent across the 4 density estimates; harvest quotas affected predicted population trajectories for 5 years after implementation but differences were not strong. Based on these results, the focus of the working group changed to differences in values among stakeholders that were the true impediment to allocating harvest quotas. By distinguishing roles of science and human values in this process, the working group was able to collaboratively recommend a compromise solution. This solution differed little from the status quo that had been the focus of debate, but the SDM process produced understanding and buy‐in among stakeholders involved, reducing disagreements, misunderstanding, and unproductive arguments founded on informal application of scientific data and concepts. Whereas investments involved in conducting SDM may be unnecessary for many decisions in wildlife management, the investment may be beneficial for complex, contentious, and multiobjective decisions that integrate science and human values.

  10. Economic effect of short (35-d) compared with conventional (60-d) dry period management in commercial Canadian Holstein herds.

    PubMed

    Santschi, D E; Lefebvre, D M; Cue, R I; Girard, C L; Pellerin, D

    2011-09-01

    The Canadian dairy industry operates under a supply management system with production quotas (expressed in kilograms of butterfat per day) owned by dairy producers. Any management strategy influencing production responses must, therefore, be evaluated to estimate its effects on quota needed to sell the milk produced. In the present study, half of the cows from 13 commercial herds (850 cows, average of 70 cows per herd) were assigned to be managed for a short dry period (SDP; 35 d dry) and the other half was managed for a conventional dry period (CDP; 60 d dry) to evaluate the economic impact of a steady state involving either CDP or SDP. Economic variables included in the partial budget were: variations in revenues from milk and components as well as animals sold; costs related to feeding, reproduction, replacement, housing, and treatments. All variables were first estimated on a cow basis for each herd individually, and average results were used to calculate the partial budget for an average herd. Yearly milk and component yields per cow increased, which implies that fewer cows are required to produce the same amount of quota. Accordingly, 2 scenarios were investigated: in the first one, available quota was kept constant, and herd size was adjusted to avoid over-quota production. Consequently, the partial budget was calculated considering that 5 fewer cows were present in the herd. In this situation, switching to an SDP management increased net annual income for the farm by $2,677 (Can$), which represents $41.38 per cow. In the second scenario, the number of cows was kept constant, but additional quota (5.5 kg/d, $25,000/kg) was bought to allow selling all of the milk produced. In this case, net farm income was increased by $17,132 annually with SDP, which represents $245.18 per cow. This budget includes interest on the purchase of quota. A comparison of partial budgets for individual herds involved in the study revealed considerable variation among herds. Switching from a CDP to a SDP management would be beneficial for average dairy herds in eastern Canada. Copyright © 2011 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Are Korean Adults Meeting the Recommendation for Physical Activity during Leisure Time?

    PubMed Central

    Cho, Min-Haeng

    2014-01-01

    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine if Korean adults meet their physical activity recommendations during their leisure time to promote a healthy living. [Subjects and Methods] The sample included South Korean adults, aged over 20, who were currently residing in K City, South Korea. The author used a quota sampling technique to select 1,000 samples. Of the 1,000 questionnaires distributed, 845 questionnaires were used to conduct a χ2 test. [Results] It was revealed by the questionnaire that there was a clear distinction in the categories of very high level activity (11.0%), high level activity (29.1%), acceptable level activity (12.9%), low level activity (9.7%), and inactive level of physical activity (38.3%) in Korean adults’ leisure time. [Conclusions] The most interesting finding was that more than half of Korean adults do reach the recommendation of at least 30 minutes of moderate activity, on three or more days a week for at least three months. The other interesting finding was that the questionnaire is a useful instrument suitable for analyzing the recommendations of physical activity, comprising frequency, intensity, time, and overall duration. PMID:25013279

  12. Job security at isfahan university of medical sciences: implications on employees and types of contracts.

    PubMed

    Alavi, Seyyed Salman; Alaghemandan, Hamed; Jannatifard, Fereshte

    2013-01-01

    Medical universities are of those organizations that serve many individuals. As a result, the employees who work at medical universities should have adequate job qualifications and requisite conditions for work. Job security is one of these needed conditions. The current study aims to determine the main components of job security among the employees of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). The study had a cross-sectional design. The sample included 300 employees which were selected from the faculties of IUMS. The sample was recruited using quota sampling. First, demographic and Job security questionnaires were completed by each employee. Then, data was analyzed by descriptive methods and ANOVA in SPSS16. The study results showed that there was no significant difference among five subscales of Job security questionnaire and as a result, job security among the employees of IUMS but there was a significant difference in job security among male and female employees and a significant difference in job security based on type of job contract. Lower rate of job security among female employees with temporary job contracts has professional and psychological implication for both females and IUMS which should be considered in designing professional programs of IUMS.

  13. 49 CFR 23.61 - Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs? 23.61 Section 23.61 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and...

  14. 49 CFR 23.61 - Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs? 23.61 Section 23.61 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and...

  15. 49 CFR 23.61 - Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs? 23.61 Section 23.61 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and...

  16. 49 CFR 23.61 - Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs? 23.61 Section 23.61 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and...

  17. 49 CFR 23.61 - Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Can recipients use quotas or set-asides as part of their ACDBE programs? 23.61 Section 23.61 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation PARTICIPATION OF DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN AIRPORT CONCESSIONS Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and...

  18. 76 FR 39019 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quotas and Atlantic Tuna Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-05

    ... for the more selective, directed fishing categories, and be a de facto reallocation of quota shares... allowing a de facto ``incidental catch'' fishery in the Gulf of Mexico, in violation of the ICCAT... regarding post-release mortality, makes it difficult to quantify now the effect of the weak hook requirement...

  19. 77 FR 65136 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Black Sea Bass Fishery; Recreational Quota Harvested

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-25

    ... fishing commercially. Regulations governing the black sea bass fishery require publication of this... no Federal recreational quota is available for fishing black sea bass. DATES: Effective at 0001 hr.... The initial total RHL for black sea bass for the 2012 fishing year is 1.86 million lb (844 mt) (76 FR...

  20. 76 FR 56322 - Atlantic Surfclam and Ocean Quahog Fisheries; 2012 Fishing Quotas for Atlantic Surfclams and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-13

    .... 101013504-0610-02] RIN 0648-XA529 Atlantic Surfclam and Ocean Quahog Fisheries; 2012 Fishing Quotas for.... ACTION: Temporary rule. SUMMARY: NMFS suspends the minimum size limit for Atlantic surfclams for the 2012... 2012 will remain status quo. Regulations governing these fisheries require NMFS to notify the public in...

  1. "Forty Acres and a Mule," With Interest: The Constitutionality of Black Capitalism, Benign School Quotas, and Other Statutory Racial Classifications

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Elden, Gary

    1969-01-01

    This article traces the growth and assesses contemporary patterns and consequences of, discrimination against the American Negro. The author contends that public policies designed to support black capitalism" and implement school racial quotas, are not only legal but necessary means toward achieving true equality of opportunity. (JH)

  2. 77 FR 15712 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2012 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-16

    ... information indicates an underharvest of the 2011 adjusted BFT quota. Final 2011 landings and dead discard... annual meeting, ICCAT recommended a TAC of 1,750 mt annually for 2011 and for 2012, inclusive of dead... column. Accounting for Dead Discards The United States must report BFT landings data and BFT dead discard...

  3. 76 FR 69137 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fisheries

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-08

    ... 200 mt or more may remain unused). NMFS will need to account for 2011 BFT landings and dead discards... landings and dead discards within the total 2011 U.S. quota once the dead discard information is available, NMFS' best estimates of current dead discards and quota that will remain unused indicate that the risk...

  4. 77 FR 55500 - Controlled Substances: Final Adjusted Aggregate Production Quotas for 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-10

    ... grams of anhydrous acid or base, as follows: Final adjusted 2012 quotas Basic Class--Schedule I 1-[1-(2... Methadone Intermediate 29,970,000 g Methamphetamine 3,130,000 g [750,000 grams of levo-desoxyephedrine for use in a non-controlled, non- prescription product; 2,331,000 grams for methamphetamine mostly for...

  5. 75 FR 54290 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Scup Fishery; Adjustment to the 2010 Winter II Quota

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-07

    ... (Framework 3) to the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fishery Management Plan, which established a process to allow the rollover of unused commercial scup quota from the Winter I period to the Winter II...: Sarah Heil, Fishery Management Specialist, (978) 281-9257. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: NMFS published a...

  6. 78 FR 59878 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Commercial Atlantic Aggregated Large Coastal Shark (LCS...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-30

    ... submitted electronically on a weekly basis through a NMFS-approved electronic reporting system by the dealer... metric tons (mt) dressed weight (dw) (149,914 lb dw) of non-blacknose SCS quota from the Atlantic region... lb dw), the Atlantic hammerhead shark management group quota is 27.1 metric tons (mt) dressed weight...

  7. 75 FR 22418 - The Tariff-Rate Quota for Calendar Year 2010 Tuna Classifiable Under Subheading 1604.14.22...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-28

    ... Security. ACTION: Announcement of the quota quantity of tuna in airtight containers for Calendar Year 2010... the apparent United States consumption of tuna in airtight containers during the preceding Calendar... been determined that 16,618,716 kilograms of tuna in air- tight containers may be entered and withdrawn...

  8. 78 FR 27956 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Amendment 39 to the Fishery...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-13

    ... Region, in collaboration with the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (Council) intends to prepare... total recreational red snapper quota that could be allocated among regions. NMFS, in collaboration with... even if a region has remaining quota. NMFS, in collaboration with the Council, will develop a DEIS to...

  9. 50 CFR 648.120 - Catch quotas and other restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... this section will not be exceeded: (1) Research quota set from a range of 0 to 3 percent of the maximum... periods, and deducting the discard estimates for each period. (3) Possession limits for the Winter I and... (17.8 cm) TL to 10 inches (25.4 cm) TL. (9) Recreational season. (10) Restrictions on gear. (11...

  10. 77 FR 69567 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-20

    .... 111220786-1781-01] RIN 0648-XC340 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of North Carolina is transferring a portion of its 2012 commercial summer flounder quota to the State... governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a...

  11. 78 FR 76765 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery; Quota Transfer

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-19

    .... 121009528-2729-02] RIN 0648-XD025 Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder Fishery... of Maryland is transferring a portion of its 2013 commercial summer flounder quota to the State of... governing the summer flounder fishery are in 50 CFR part 648, and require annual specification of a...

  12. 78 FR 21584 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2013 Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Quota Specifications

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-11

    ... FMP). The 1999 FMP included a framework process to promulgate annual specifications for the BFT... percent of the 948.7-mt total U.S. quota). Accounting for Dead Discards The United States must report BFT... specifications. Accounting for dead discards in the Longline category in this way may provide further incentive...

  13. 50 CFR 648.53 - Acceptable biological catch (ABC), annual catch limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... catch limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS allocations, and individual fishing quotas (IFQ... limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS allocations, and individual fishing quotas (IFQ). (a... process specified in § 648.55 and is equal to the overall scallop fishery ACL. The ABC/ACL shall be...

  14. 50 CFR 648.53 - Acceptable biological catch (ABC), annual catch limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... catch limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS allocations, and individual fishing quotas (IFQ... limits (ACL), annual catch targets (ACT), DAS allocations, and individual fishing quotas (IFQ). (a... process specified in § 648.55 and is equal to the overall scallop fishery ACL. The ABC/ACL shall be...

  15. 78 FR 47212 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; 2013 Commercial Accountability...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-05

    ... limit (ACL) (commercial quota) on August 10, 2013. Therefore, NMFS closes the commercial sector for... Act by regulations at 50 CFR part 622. The commercial ACL (equivalent to the commercial quota) for...)(1), NMFS is required to close the commercial sector for snowy grouper when the commercial ACL...

  16. Potential advantages and disadvantages of an endgame strategy: a ‘sinking lid’ on tobacco supply

    PubMed Central

    Wilson, Nick; Thomson, George W; Edwards, Richard; Blakely, Tony

    2013-01-01

    Background One possible supply-side strategy for the tobacco endgame is a government-mandated ‘sinking lid’ on tobacco supply (tradeable but decreasing quotas on sales or imports). Methods We considered literature on quota systems and from a tobacco endgame workshop at the University of Michigan. Findings Likely strengths of the sinking lid strategy include: (1) that it can provide a clear timetable and an unambiguous signal of a tobacco end-date; (2) that supply reduction is likely to increase product price levels, and there is very strong evidence that increasing price is a highly effective tobacco control intervention. Its feasibility is also supported by the growing international experience with, and political acceptability of, using quota and auction systems in other domains (eg, greenhouse gases, other air pollutants and for fisheries). However, the main disadvantages of this strategy are probably the need for strong political will and high public support (to pass a new law), potential legal challenges by industry (eg, under trade agreements), and vulnerability to problems from illegal supplies of tobacco and from corruption. Conclusions The sinking lid strategy is a plausible option that is worth considering when investigating possible tobacco endgame strategies, though it may be most applicable in well-organised jurisdictions with low (<15%) adult smoking prevalence. This idea could benefit from further research, such as studies in virtual worlds, and real-world testing on small island jurisdictions, or closed systems, such as military bases. PMID:23591499

  17. [Dynamics of amino acid and protein metabolism in laying hens after the administration of 15N-labeled wheat protein. 11. Incorporation of 15N in the tissues and the amino acids of the muscles].

    PubMed

    Gruhn, K; Zander, R

    1989-03-01

    Over a period of 4 days 12 colostomized laying hens daily received 36 g 15N labelled wheat with 15N excess (15N') of 14.37 atom-% together with a conventional feed mixture for laying hens. The labelling of the lysine N in the wheat was 13.58 atom-%, that of histidine N 14.38 and that of arginine 15N' 13.63 atom-% 15N'. Three hens each were butchered 12, 36, 60 and 108 h after the last 15N' feeding. The first three hens did not receive any feed before being butchered. The following three hens each received the unlabelled feed ration for another 1, 2 or 4 days resp. after the main period until they were butchered. The total of skeleton muscles, the heart and the stomach muscle (without inner skin) of each hen were combined into one sample, cut thinly, drenched with fluid nitrogen and pulverized. N, 15N' and the basic and non-basic amino acids as well as their 15N' were determined in the individual samples. In contrast to the organs, the proteins in the muscle tissue have a long half life so that a slight decrease of atom-% 15N' in the muscles could only be detected after 108 h. The 14N and 15N' quota of the non-basic amino acids in the total nitrogen of the muscles is 50%. The 14N quota of the basic amino acids is 30% and the 15N' quota only 22.5% in the total muscle N. The heavy nitrogen of the free lysine in the TCA soluble N fraction is hardly detectable 36 h and 60 h after the last 15N' supply and not at all after 108 h. In contrast to this, the other two free basic amino acids remain significantly higher labelled in dependence on the last butchering time.

  18. Quality of Life and Self-Efficacy in Three Dialysis Modalities: Incenter Hemodialysis, Home Hemodialysis, and Home Peritoneal Dialysis.

    PubMed

    Wright, Linda S; Wilson, Linda

    2015-01-01

    Previous research has demonstrated improved outcomes for patients on dialysis who have better quality of life and self-efficacy, but has focused almost exclusively on those receiving hemodialysis. The goal of this study was to describe the quality of life and self-efficacy of patients receiving incenter hemodialysis versus those receiving a home dialysis modality (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis). The study utilized a correlational cross-sectional design and quota sampling methods. Participants were recruited from outpatient dialysis facilities and included 77 community dwelling adult patients who had been on dialysis for at least six months. Quality of life was measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life instrument, and self-efficacy was measured using the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health instrument. Findings suggest equal outcomes between treatment groups, with no contraindication to the use of home therapies.

  19. Relationship between risk factors and activities of daily living using modified Shah Barthel Index in stroke patients

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kusumaningsih, W.; Rachmayanti, S.; Werdhani, R. A.

    2017-08-01

    Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most common risk factors of stroke. The study aimed to determine the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus risk factors and dependence on assistance with activities of daily living in chronic stroke patients. The study used an analytical observational cross-sectional design. The study’s sample included 44 stroke patients selected using the quota sampling method. The relationship between the variables was analyzed using the bivariate chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression. Based on the chi-squared test, the relationship between the Modified Shah Barthel Index (MSBI) score and hypertension and diabetes mellitus as stroke risk factors, were p = 0.122 and p = 0.002, respectively. The logistic regression results suggest that hypertension and diabetes mellitus are stroke risk factors related to the MSBI score: p = 0.076 (OR 4.076; CI 95% 0.861-19.297) and p = 0.007 (OR 22.690; CI 95% 2.332-220.722), respectively. Diabetes mellitus is the most prominent risk factor of severe dependency on assistance with activities of daily living in chronic stroke patients.

  20. Nowcasting Intraseasonal Recreational Fishing Harvest with Internet Search Volume

    PubMed Central

    Carter, David W.; Crosson, Scott; Liese, Christopher

    2015-01-01

    Estimates of recreational fishing harvest are often unavailable until after a fishing season has ended. This lag in information complicates efforts to stay within the quota. The simplest way to monitor quota within the season is to use harvest information from the previous year. This works well when fishery conditions are stable, but is inaccurate when fishery conditions are changing. We develop regression-based models to “nowcast” intraseasonal recreational fishing harvest in the presence of changing fishery conditions. Our basic model accounts for seasonality, changes in the fishing season, and important events in the fishery. Our extended model uses Google Trends data on the internet search volume relevant to the fishery of interest. We demonstrate the model with the Gulf of Mexico red snapper fishery where the recreational sector has exceeded the quota nearly every year since 2007. Our results confirm that data for the previous year works well to predict intraseasonal harvest for a year (2012) where fishery conditions are consistent with historic patterns. However, for a year (2013) of unprecedented harvest and management activity our regression model using search volume for the term “red snapper season” generates intraseasonal nowcasts that are 27% more accurate than the basic model without the internet search information and 29% more accurate than the prediction based on the previous year. Reliable nowcasts of intraseasonal harvest could make in-season (or in-year) management feasible and increase the likelihood of staying within quota. Our nowcasting approach using internet search volume might have the potential to improve quota management in other fisheries where conditions change year-to-year. PMID:26348645

  1. Academic Rigor and Economic Value: GED[R] and High School Students' Perceptions and Misperceptions of the GED[R] vs. the High School Diploma

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Horne, Lela M.; Rachal, John R.; Shelley, Kyna

    2012-01-01

    A mixed methods framework utilized quantitative and qualitative data to determine whether statistically significant differences existed between high school and GED[R] student perceptions of credential value. An exploratory factor analysis (n=326) extracted four factors and then a MANOVA procedure was performed with a stratified quota sample…

  2. 75 FR 63786 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-18

    ... reduce the commercial quota for gag and, thus, the combined commercial quota for shallow-water grouper... IFQ account holder's deep-water grouper (DWG) allocation has been landed and sold, or transferred, or... percent of their gross revenue in 2008 and 2009 respectively. Revenue from deep-water grouper (DWG...

  3. 50 CFR Table 7 to Part 679 - Communities Determined To Be Eligible To Apply for Community Development Quotas

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Communities Determined To Be Eligible To Apply for Community Development Quotas 7 Table 7 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION...) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 7 Table 7 to Part 679—Communities...

  4. 50 CFR Table 7 to Part 679 - Communities Determined To Be Eligible To Apply for Community Development Quotas

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Communities Determined To Be Eligible To Apply for Community Development Quotas 7 Table 7 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION...) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 7 Table 7 to Part 679—Communities...

  5. 75 FR 26316 - Allocation of Additional Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-11

    ...-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar. DATES: Effective Date: May 11, 2010. ADDRESSES: Inquiries may be mailed... (HTS), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw cane and refined sugar. Section 404(d)(3) of...

  6. 75 FR 14479 - Reallocation of Unused Fiscal Year 2010 Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-25

    ...-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION... (TRQ) for imported raw cane sugar. DATES: Effective Date: March 25, 2010. ADDRESSES: Inquiries may be... (HTS), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw cane and refined sugar. Section 404(d)(3) of...

  7. 77 FR 10478 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-22

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... government is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty... articles of cheese that were imported during the period October 1, 2011, through December 31, 2011. The...

  8. 78 FR 52504 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-23

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as defined in section... hereby provide the Department's quarterly update of subsidies on articles of cheese that were imported...

  9. 78 FR 40102 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-03

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as defined in section... hereby provide the Department's quarterly update of subsidies on articles of cheese that were imported...

  10. 76 FR 72677 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-25

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as... of cheese that were imported during the period July 1, 2011, through September 30, 2011. The...

  11. 75 FR 52310 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-25

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as... of cheese that were imported during the period April 1, 2010, through June 30, 2010. The Department...

  12. 76 FR 38359 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-30

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as defined in section... subsidies. We hereby provide the Department's quarterly update of subsidies on articles of cheese that were...

  13. 76 FR 14649 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-17

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as... of cheese that were imported during the period October 1, 2010, through December 31, 2010. The...

  14. 77 FR 32567 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-01

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as... of cheese that were imported during the period January 1, 2012, through March 31, 2012. The...

  15. 75 FR 35769 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-23

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as defined in section... subsidies. We hereby provide the Department's quarterly update of subsidies on articles of cheese that were...

  16. 77 FR 51758 - Quarterly Update to Annual Listing of Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... Foreign Government Subsidies on Articles of Cheese Subject to an In-Quota Rate of Duty AGENCY: Import... is providing a subsidy with respect to any article of cheese subject to an in-quota rate of duty, as... of cheese that were imported during the period April 1, 2012, through June 30, 2012. The Department...

  17. Estimating the Costs to Consumers of the U.S. Sugar Quota: An Exercise for Introductory Economics Classes.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, Andrew T.

    1997-01-01

    Provides a classroom exercise using the restrictive tariffs on sugar to examine issues of protectionism and international trade. Discusses related issues such as the North American Free Trade Agreement and the formation of large regional trading blocks. Includes a hands-on calculation of the economic impact of the quota on consumers. (MJP)

  18. 50 CFR 622.44 - Commercial trip limits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... been issued. (B) Hook-and-line gear. In the Florida west coast subzone, king mackerel in or from the... required by § 622.4(a)(2)(iii), and operating under the hook-and-line gear quotas in § 622.42(c)(1)(i)(A)(2... northern or southern subzone's hook-and-line gear quota has been harvested—in amounts not exceeding 1,250...

  19. 50 CFR 622.44 - Commercial trip limits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... been issued. (B) Hook-and-line gear. In the Florida west coast subzone, king mackerel in or from the... required by § 622.4(a)(2)(iii), and operating under the hook-and-line gear quotas in § 622.42(c)(1)(i)(A)(2... northern or southern subzone's hook-and-line gear quota has been harvested—in amounts not exceeding 1,250...

  20. 50 CFR 622.193 - Annual catch limits (ACLs), annual catch targets (ACTs), and accountability measures (AMs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., as estimated by the SRD, reach or are projected to reach the commercial ACL (commercial quota... commercial ACL (commercial quota) specified in § 622.190(a)(2)(iii), the AA will file a notification with the... of the fishing year. After the commercial ACL for the longline component is reached or projected to...

  1. 78 FR 71529 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; 2013 Commercial Accountability...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-29

    ... (ACL) on December 2, 2013. Therefore, NMFS closes the commercial sector for red porgy in the South.... The commercial ACL (commercial quota) for red porgy in the South Atlantic is 147,115 lb (66,730 kg... porgy when its commercial ACL (commercial quota) has been reached, or is projected to be reached, by...

  2. 50 CFR 622.193 - Annual catch limits (ACLs), annual catch targets (ACTs), and accountability measures (AMs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., as estimated by the SRD, reach or are projected to reach the commercial ACL (commercial quota... commercial ACL (commercial quota) specified in § 622.190(a)(2)(iii), the AA will file a notification with the... of the fishing year. After the commercial ACL for the longline component is reached or projected to...

  3. 76 FR 56120 - Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; North and South Atlantic Swordfish Quotas

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-12

    ... Contracting Parties. Contracting Parties may restrict fishermen to a minimum size of 25 kg live weight OR 125... restrict fishermen to a minimum size of 15 kg live weight OR 119 cm LJFL with no tolerance. In 2009, NMFS... quota, among other things. Per the ATCA, the United States is obligated to implement ICCAT-approved...

  4. 78 FR 49440 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-14

    ... Fisheries, Fishing, Gulf, Quotas, Red snapper. Dated: August 8, 2013. Alan D. Risenhoover, Director, Office... increase the 2013 commercial and recreational quotas for red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) reef fish fishery and re-open the red snapper recreational season for 2013. This proposed rule is intended to help...

  5. 21 CFR 1303.22 - Procedure for applying for individual manufacturing quotas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... in Schedule I or II and who desires to manufacture a quantity of such class shall apply on DEA Form 189 for a manufacturing quota for such quantity of such class. Copies of DEA Form 189 may be obtained... Administration. See the Table of DEA Mailing Addresses in § 1321.01 of this chapter for the current mailing...

  6. 77 FR 59913 - Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-01

    ... the new 12-month cap on duty- and quota-free benefits. DATES: Effective October 1, 2012. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Don Niewiaroski, Jr., International Trade Specialist, Office of Textiles and Apparel, U.S... the Trade and Development Act of 2000 (TDA 2000), Public Law 106-200, as amended by Division B, Title...

  7. 76 FR 59663 - Limitations of Duty- and Quota-Free Imports of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-27

    ... of Apparel Articles Assembled in Beneficiary Sub-Saharan African Countries From Regional and Third... Acceleration Act of 2004, Pub. L. 108-274; Division D, Title VI, section 6002 of the Tax Relief and Health Care... beneficiary sub-Saharan African countries. Section 112(b)(3) of TDA 2000 provides duty- and quota-free...

  8. [Import and export of licorice and its products in China].

    PubMed

    Ma, Shuai; Wang, Nuo; Yang, Guang; Que, Ling

    2017-06-01

    Licorice is an important harmonic drug which has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. However, with the increasing demand of industrial production, the licorice resources in our country have been reduced rapidly and we have to import licorice resources from Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan consequently. In order to find out the trade flow of licorice resources and evaluate the status of Chinese licorice in the world trade, the trade situation of licorice and its products from 2011 to 2015 May in Chinese customs was investigated and analyzed in this paper. The import and export volumes of licorice were declining; the import and export volumes of licorice were relatively concentrated in international trade, with greater risks of trade; and export quota management was not well executed. As one of the strategic resources of medicine, licorice resources must be based on domestic development, and we should adjust the export quota management from passive quota to active quota management and improve the intrinsic value of licorice resources to establish the international market position of our licorice and control the pricing power in international market. Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

  9. Controlling groundwater pumping online.

    PubMed

    Zekri, Slim

    2009-08-01

    Groundwater over-pumping is a major problem in several countries around the globe. Since controlling groundwater pumping through water flow meters is hardly feasible, the surrogate is to control electricity usage. This paper presents a framework to restrict groundwater pumping by implementing an annual individual electricity quota without interfering with the electricity pricing policy. The system could be monitored online through prepaid electricity meters. This provides low transaction costs of individual monitoring of users compared to the prohibitive costs of water flow metering and monitoring. The public groundwater managers' intervention is thus required to determine the water and electricity quota and watch the electricity use online. The proposed framework opens the door to the establishment of formal groundwater markets among users at very low transaction costs. A cost-benefit analysis over a 25-year period is used to evaluate the cost of non-action and compare it to the prepaid electricity quota framework in the Batinah coastal area of Oman. Results show that the damage cost to the community, if no active policy is implemented, amounts to (-$288) million. On the other hand, the implementation of a prepaid electricity quota with an online management system would result in a net present benefit of $199 million.

  10. The good, the bad and the ugly of marine reserves for fishery yields

    PubMed Central

    De Leo, Giulio A.; Micheli, Fiorenza

    2015-01-01

    Marine reserves (MRs) are used worldwide as a means of conserving biodiversity and protecting depleted populations. Despite major investments in MRs, their environmental and social benefits have proven difficult to demonstrate and are still debated. Clear expectations of the possible outcomes of MR establishment are needed to guide and strengthen empirical assessments. Previous models show that reserve establishment in overcapitalized, quota-based fisheries can reduce both catch and population abundance, thereby negating fisheries and even conservation benefits. By using a stage-structured, spatially explicit stochastic model, we show that catches under quota-based fisheries that include a network of MRs can exceed maximum sustainable yield (MSY) under conventional quota management if reserves provide protection to old, large spawners that disproportionally contribute to recruitment outside the reserves. Modelling results predict that the net fishery benefit of MRs is lost when gains in fecundity of old, large individuals are small, is highest in the case of sedentary adults with high larval dispersal, and decreases with adult mobility. We also show that environmental variability may mask fishery benefits of reserve implementation and that MRs may buffer against collapse when sustainable catch quotas are exceeded owing to stock overestimation or systematic overfishing. PMID:26460129

  11. Sampling in Developmental Science: Situations, Shortcomings, Solutions, and Standards.

    PubMed

    Bornstein, Marc H; Jager, Justin; Putnick, Diane L

    2013-12-01

    Sampling is a key feature of every study in developmental science. Although sampling has far-reaching implications, too little attention is paid to sampling. Here, we describe, discuss, and evaluate four prominent sampling strategies in developmental science: population-based probability sampling, convenience sampling, quota sampling, and homogeneous sampling. We then judge these sampling strategies by five criteria: whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of a study's target population, whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of subsamples within a study's target population, the recruitment efforts and costs they entail, whether they yield sufficient power to detect subsample differences, and whether they introduce "noise" related to variation in subsamples and whether that "noise" can be accounted for statistically. We use sample composition of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status to illustrate and assess the four sampling strategies. Finally, we tally the use of the four sampling strategies in five prominent developmental science journals and make recommendations about best practices for sample selection and reporting.

  12. Sampling in Developmental Science: Situations, Shortcomings, Solutions, and Standards

    PubMed Central

    Bornstein, Marc H.; Jager, Justin; Putnick, Diane L.

    2014-01-01

    Sampling is a key feature of every study in developmental science. Although sampling has far-reaching implications, too little attention is paid to sampling. Here, we describe, discuss, and evaluate four prominent sampling strategies in developmental science: population-based probability sampling, convenience sampling, quota sampling, and homogeneous sampling. We then judge these sampling strategies by five criteria: whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of a study’s target population, whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of subsamples within a study’s target population, the recruitment efforts and costs they entail, whether they yield sufficient power to detect subsample differences, and whether they introduce “noise” related to variation in subsamples and whether that “noise” can be accounted for statistically. We use sample composition of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status to illustrate and assess the four sampling strategies. Finally, we tally the use of the four sampling strategies in five prominent developmental science journals and make recommendations about best practices for sample selection and reporting. PMID:25580049

  13. Validity of a Battery of Experimental Tests in Predicting Performance of Navy Project 100,000 Personnel

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-09-01

    divided into four batteries, each of which was then administered to samples ranging in size from 5,000 to 12,000 recruits. The men tested were...reject them or to accept only as many as required to fill quotas. Opponents of this policy have argued that men low on the aptitude scale could and...ratings, since such rat ings represent a high level of ac’-iovemnopt for low-scoring men . Length of Service and Attrition Characteristics To permit

  14. Designation of River Klina-Skenderaj Inputs, in the Absence of Measurements (Monitoring)-Kosova

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Osmanaj, Lavdim; Karahoda, Dafina

    2009-11-01

    The territory of Republic of Kosova is divided in four catchment basins, such as: Basin of river Drini i Bardhë, river Ibri, river Morava of Binca and river Lepenci. [1]The river Klina is left part of the Drini i Bardhë basin.The inputs are designated by the following authors:a) GIANDOTT - VISSENTINb) GA VRILOVICc) THE METHOD OF TYPICALHYDROGRAMAs a result of this studies derive the following parameters: the surface of basin F=77.75km2, width of main flow L=22.00km', width of basin Wb=68.00km', highest quota of the basin Hqb=1750m.l.m, highest quota of inflow Hi=600.00m.l.m, average difference of height D=303.5m, maximal water input: Qmax100 years=112.00 m3/s, an average produce of Alluvium W=980.76m3/s, specific produce of Alluvium Gyears=35270.57 m3/s, secondary conveyance of Alluvium Qa=14.70 m3/s.

  15. Screening synteny blocks in pairwise genome comparisons through integer programming.

    PubMed

    Tang, Haibao; Lyons, Eric; Pedersen, Brent; Schnable, James C; Paterson, Andrew H; Freeling, Michael

    2011-04-18

    It is difficult to accurately interpret chromosomal correspondences such as true orthology and paralogy due to significant divergence of genomes from a common ancestor. Analyses are particularly problematic among lineages that have repeatedly experienced whole genome duplication (WGD) events. To compare multiple "subgenomes" derived from genome duplications, we need to relax the traditional requirements of "one-to-one" syntenic matchings of genomic regions in order to reflect "one-to-many" or more generally "many-to-many" matchings. However this relaxation may result in the identification of synteny blocks that are derived from ancient shared WGDs that are not of interest. For many downstream analyses, we need to eliminate weak, low scoring alignments from pairwise genome comparisons. Our goal is to objectively select subset of synteny blocks whose total scores are maximized while respecting the duplication history of the genomes in comparison. We call this "quota-based" screening of synteny blocks in order to appropriately fill a quota of syntenic relationships within one genome or between two genomes having WGD events. We have formulated the synteny block screening as an optimization problem known as "Binary Integer Programming" (BIP), which is solved using existing linear programming solvers. The computer program QUOTA-ALIGN performs this task by creating a clear objective function that maximizes the compatible set of synteny blocks under given constraints on overlaps and depths (corresponding to the duplication history in respective genomes). Such a procedure is useful for any pairwise synteny alignments, but is most useful in lineages affected by multiple WGDs, like plants or fish lineages. For example, there should be a 1:2 ploidy relationship between genome A and B if genome B had an independent WGD subsequent to the divergence of the two genomes. We show through simulations and real examples using plant genomes in the rosid superorder that the quota-based screening can eliminate ambiguous synteny blocks and focus on specific genomic evolutionary events, like the divergence of lineages (in cross-species comparisons) and the most recent WGD (in self comparisons). The QUOTA-ALIGN algorithm screens a set of synteny blocks to retain only those compatible with a user specified ploidy relationship between two genomes. These blocks, in turn, may be used for additional downstream analyses such as identifying true orthologous regions in interspecific comparisons. There are two major contributions of QUOTA-ALIGN: 1) reducing the block screening task to a BIP problem, which is novel; 2) providing an efficient software pipeline starting from all-against-all BLAST to the screened synteny blocks with dot plot visualizations. Python codes and full documentations are publicly available http://github.com/tanghaibao/quota-alignment. QUOTA-ALIGN program is also integrated as a major component in SynMap http://genomevolution.com/CoGe/SynMap.pl, offering easier access to thousands of genomes for non-programmers. © 2011 Tang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

  16. The Relationship of Social Problem-Solving Skills and Dysfunctional Attitudes with Risk of Drug Abuse among Dormitory Students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

    PubMed Central

    Nasrazadani, Ehteram; Maghsoudi, Jahangir; Mahrabi, Tayebeh

    2017-01-01

    Background: Dormitory students encounter multiple social factors which cause pressure, such as new social relationships, fear of the future, and separation from family, which could cause serious problems such as tendency toward drug abuse. This research was conducted with the goal to determine social problem-solving skills, dysfunctional attitudes, and risk of drug abuse among dormitory students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical, correlational, and cross-sectional research. The research sample consisted of 211 students living in dormitories. The participants were selected using randomized quota sampling method. The data collection tools included the Social Problem-Solving Inventory (SPSI), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and Identifying People at Risk of Addiction Questionnaire. Results: The results indicated an inverse relationship between social problem-solving skills and risk of drug abuse (P = 0.0002), a direct relationship between dysfunctional attitude and risk of drug abuse (P = 0.030), and an inverse relationship between social problem-solving skills and dysfunctional attitude among students (P = 0.0004). Conclusions: Social problem-solving skills have a correlation with dysfunctional attitudes. As a result, teaching these skills and the way to create efficient attitudes should be considered in dormitory students. PMID:28904539

  17. 77 FR 45270 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... regarding the quotas and annual catch limits (ACLs) for ``other shallow-water grouper'' (Other SWG) that... the commercial shallow-water grouper (SWG) quotas and commercial SWG ACL erroneously included in the...: Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. 0 2. In Sec. 622.2, the definition for ``Shallow-water grouper (SWG)'' is...

  18. 77 FR 20775 - Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-06

    ... inconsistencies in the regulatory text regarding the quotas and annual catch limits (ACLs) for ``other shallow... shallow-water grouper (SWG) quota; --Adjust the commercial and recreational sector's ACLs for gag and red... U.S.C. 1801 et seq. 2. In Sec. 622.2, the definition for ``Shallow-water grouper (SWG)'' is revised...

  19. 50 CFR Table 7 to Part 679 - Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program 7 Table 7 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 7 Table 7 to Part 679—Community...

  20. 50 CFR Table 7 to Part 679 - Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program 7 Table 7 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 7 Table 7 to Part 679—Community...

  1. 50 CFR Table 7 to Part 679 - Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Community Development Quota Groups and Communities Eligible To Participate in the CDQ Program 7 Table 7 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 7 Table 7 to Part 679—Community...

  2. 75 FR 50796 - Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-17

    ... for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar, and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of the... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar, and sugar... imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar. Pursuant to Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 17 of the HTS...

  3. 76 FR 42160 - Allocation of Additional Fiscal Year (FY) 2011 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-18

    ...-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar. USTR is also reallocating a portion of the unused original FY 2011 TRQ... imports of raw cane and refined sugar. Section 404(d)(3) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C...

  4. 75 FR 81498 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-28

    ... period will be addressed in July 2011, prior to the start of the 2011 Winter II fishery. Per the quota... inappropriate years of very low harvest as the foundation of the constant catch starting point. The commenters... summer flounder quota at the start of the fishing year that begins January 1, 2011, is required by the...

  5. 75 FR 43090 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish Fisheries...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-23

    ...: Temporary rule; correction. SUMMARY: NMFS is correcting a temporary rule to adjust the 2010 fishing year (FY... revised Trimester 3 quota. The correct value for the revised Trimester 3 quota of 23,743,619 lb is 10,770... equivalent as 13,770 mt. The corrected metric equivalent is 10,770 mt. Correction In rule FR Doc. 2010-15933...

  6. 78 FR 56657 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-13

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets...

  7. 77 FR 58524 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-21

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets...

  8. 75 FR 54598 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-08

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits and suit-like jackets...

  9. 76 FR 58465 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-21

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in the United..., or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits and suit-like jackets and...

  10. Enhancing Incentive Programs with Proximal Goals and Immediate Feedback: Engineered Labor Standards and Technology Enhancements in Stocker Replenishment

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Goomas, David T.; Ludwig, Timothy D.

    2007-01-01

    Under baseline conditions warehouse stockers (n = 23) could earn incentives if their team performed above the team quota of 18 cases stocked per hour. They were also subject to disciplinary action if they failed to regularly meet individual stocking quotas. In spite of these contingencies the stockers failed to receive bonus payments most of the…

  11. The trophy hunting of African lions: scale, current management practices and factors undermining sustainability.

    PubMed

    Lindsey, Peter Andrew; Balme, Guy Andrew; Funston, Paul; Henschel, Philipp; Hunter, Luke; Madzikanda, Hilary; Midlane, Neil; Nyirenda, Vincent

    2013-01-01

    The trophy hunting of lions Panthera leo is contentious due to uncertainty concerning conservation impacts and because of highly polarised opinions about the practice. African lions are hunted across at least ~558,000 km(2), which comprises 27-32% of the lion range in countries where trophy hunting of the species is permitted. Consequently, trophy hunting has potential to impart significant positive or negative impacts on lions. Several studies have demonstrated that excessive trophy harvests have driven lion population declines. There have been several attempts by protectionist non-governmental organisations to reduce or preclude trophy hunting via restrictions on the import and export of lion trophies. We document the management of lion hunting in Africa and highlight challenges which need addressing to achieve sustainability. Problems include: unscientific bases for quota setting; excessive quotas and off-takes in some countries; fixed quotas which encourage over-harvest; and lack of restrictions on the age of lions that can be hunted. Key interventions needed to make lion hunting more sustainable, include implementation of: enforced age restrictions; improved trophy monitoring; adaptive management of quotas and a minimum length of lion hunts of at least 21 days. Some range states have made important steps towards implementing such improved management and off-takes have fallen steeply in recent years. For example age restrictions have been introduced in Tanzania and in Niassa in Mozambique, and are being considered for Benin and Zimbabwe, several states have reduced quotas, and Zimbabwe is implementing trophy monitoring. However, further reforms are needed to ensure sustainability and reduce conservation problems associated with the practice while allowing retention of associated financial incentives for conservation.

  12. The Trophy Hunting of African Lions: Scale, Current Management Practices and Factors Undermining Sustainability

    PubMed Central

    Lindsey, Peter Andrew; Balme, Guy Andrew; Funston, Paul; Henschel, Philipp; Hunter, Luke; Madzikanda, Hilary; Midlane, Neil; Nyirenda, Vincent

    2013-01-01

    The trophy hunting of lions Panthera leo is contentious due to uncertainty concerning conservation impacts and because of highly polarised opinions about the practice. African lions are hunted across at least ∼558,000 km2, which comprises 27–32% of the lion range in countries where trophy hunting of the species is permitted. Consequently, trophy hunting has potential to impart significant positive or negative impacts on lions. Several studies have demonstrated that excessive trophy harvests have driven lion population declines. There have been several attempts by protectionist non-governmental organisations to reduce or preclude trophy hunting via restrictions on the import and export of lion trophies. We document the management of lion hunting in Africa and highlight challenges which need addressing to achieve sustainability. Problems include: unscientific bases for quota setting; excessive quotas and off-takes in some countries; fixed quotas which encourage over-harvest; and lack of restrictions on the age of lions that can be hunted. Key interventions needed to make lion hunting more sustainable, include implementation of: enforced age restrictions; improved trophy monitoring; adaptive management of quotas and a minimum length of lion hunts of at least 21 days. Some range states have made important steps towards implementing such improved management and off-takes have fallen steeply in recent years. For example age restrictions have been introduced in Tanzania and in Niassa in Mozambique, and are being considered for Benin and Zimbabwe, several states have reduced quotas, and Zimbabwe is implementing trophy monitoring. However, further reforms are needed to ensure sustainability and reduce conservation problems associated with the practice while allowing retention of associated financial incentives for conservation. PMID:24058491

  13. Biological parameters used in setting captive-breeding quotas for Indonesia's breeding facilities.

    PubMed

    Janssen, Jordi; Chng, Serene C L

    2018-02-01

    The commercial captive breeding of wildlife is often seen as a potential conservation tool to relieve pressure on wild populations, but laundering of wild-sourced specimens as captive bred can seriously undermine conservation efforts and provide a false sense of sustainability. Indonesia is at the center of such controversy; therefore, we examined Indonesia's captive-breeding production plan (CBPP) for 2016. We compared the biological parameters used in the CBPP with parameters in the literature and with parameters suggested by experts on each species and identified shortcomings of the CBPP. Production quotas for 99 out of 129 species were based on inaccurate or unrealistic biological parameters and production quotas deviated more than 10% from what parameters in the literature allow for. For 38 species, the quota exceeded the number of animals that can be bred based on the biological parameters (range 100-540%) calculated with equations in the CBPP. We calculated a lower reproductive output for 88 species based on published biological parameters compared with the parameters used in the CBPP. The equations used in the production plan did not appear to account for other factors (e.g., different survival rate for juveniles compared to adult animals) involved in breeding the proposed large numbers of specimens. We recommend the CBPP be adjusted so that realistic published biological parameters are applied and captive-breeding quotas are not allocated to species if their captive breeding is unlikely to be successful or no breeding stock is available. The shortcomings in the current CBPP create loopholes that mean mammals, reptiles, and amphibians from Indonesia declared captive bred may have been sourced from the wild. © 2017 Society for Conservation Biology.

  14. [The activities of the Pensa Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery of Roszdrav and the issues of its resource support].

    PubMed

    Belostotskiĭ, A V

    2010-01-01

    The article develops the main aspects of the activities and issues of resource support of the Pensa Federal Center of cardiovascular surgery of Roszdrav. The emphasis is made on the inadequate budget financing and the necessity to increase the regulating scopes of planning of government quota for the high-tech medical care from 881 to 3500 quotas.

  15. The good, the bad and the ugly of marine reserves for fishery yields.

    PubMed

    De Leo, Giulio A; Micheli, Fiorenza

    2015-11-05

    Marine reserves (MRs) are used worldwide as a means of conserving biodiversity and protecting depleted populations. Despite major investments in MRs, their environmental and social benefits have proven difficult to demonstrate and are still debated. Clear expectations of the possible outcomes of MR establishment are needed to guide and strengthen empirical assessments. Previous models show that reserve establishment in overcapitalized, quota-based fisheries can reduce both catch and population abundance, thereby negating fisheries and even conservation benefits. By using a stage-structured, spatially explicit stochastic model, we show that catches under quota-based fisheries that include a network of MRs can exceed maximum sustainable yield (MSY) under conventional quota management if reserves provide protection to old, large spawners that disproportionally contribute to recruitment outside the reserves. Modelling results predict that the net fishery benefit of MRs is lost when gains in fecundity of old, large individuals are small, is highest in the case of sedentary adults with high larval dispersal, and decreases with adult mobility. We also show that environmental variability may mask fishery benefits of reserve implementation and that MRs may buffer against collapse when sustainable catch quotas are exceeded owing to stock overestimation or systematic overfishing. © 2015 The Author(s).

  16. Cigarette advertising and children's smoking: why Reg was withdrawn.

    PubMed

    Hastings, G B; Ryan, H; Teer, P; MacKintosh, A M

    1994-10-08

    To examine the appeal of the Embassy Regal "Reg" campaign to young people. Three quantitative surveys and one piece of qualitative research: (a) self completion questionnaire administered in classrooms, (b) questionnaire led interviews with children, (c) questionnaire led interviews with adults, and (d) group discussions with children and adults. (a) Secondary and middle schools in England; (b) north of England, Scotland, and Wales; (c) north of England, Scotland, and Wales; and (d) Glasgow. (a) 5451 schoolchildren aged 11-15 recruited by stratified random sampling; (b) 437 children aged 5-10 recruited by quota sampling; (c) 814 adults aged 15-65 recruited by quota sampling; and (d) 12 groups of children aged 10-15, three groups of adults aged 18-24, and three groups of adults aged 35-55. Children were familiar with cigarette advertising and in particular the Reg campaign. Although younger children struggled to understand the creative content of the adverts, older and smoking children could understand and appreciate the humour. They considered Reg to be amusing and could relate to the type of joke used in the advert. In addition Reg's flippant attitude towards serious issues appealed to the children. While adults aged 18-24 understood the campaign they did not identify with it, and 35-55 year olds (the campaign's supposed target) were unappreciative of the campaign. The Reg campaign was getting through to children more effectively than it was to adults and held most appeal for teenagers, particularly 14-15 year old smokers. It clearly contravened the code governing tobacco advertising, which states that advertising must not appeal to children more than it does to adults, and it may have had a direct impact on teenage smoking. In view of these findings the Advertising Standards Authority's decision to withdraw the Reg campaign seems appropriate.

  17. Sampling challenges in a study examining refugee resettlement

    PubMed Central

    2011-01-01

    Background As almost half of all refugees currently under United Nations protection are from Afghanistan or Iraq and significant numbers have already been resettled outside the region of origin, it is likely that future research will examine their resettlement needs. A number of methodological challenges confront researchers working with culturally and linguistically diverse groups; however, few detailed articles are available to inform other studies. The aim of this paper is to outline challenges with sampling and recruitment of socially invisible refugee groups, describing the method adopted for a mixed methods exploratory study assessing mental health, subjective wellbeing and resettlement perspectives of Afghan and Kurdish refugees living in New Zealand and Australia. Sampling strategies used in previous studies with similar refugee groups were considered before determining the approach to recruitment Methods A snowball approach was adopted for the study, with multiple entry points into the communities being used to choose as wide a range of people as possible to provide further contacts and reduce selection bias. Census data was used to assess the representativeness of the sample. Results A sample of 193 former refugee participants was recruited in Christchurch (n = 98) and Perth (n = 95), 47% were of Afghan and 53% Kurdish ethnicity. A good gender balance (males 52%, females 48%) was achieved overall, mainly as a result of the sampling method used. Differences in the demographic composition of groups in each location were observed, especially in relation to the length of time spent in a refugee situation and time since arrival, reflecting variations in national humanitarian quota intakes. Although some measures were problematic, Census data comparison to assess reasonable representativeness of the study sample was generally reassuring. Conclusions Snowball sampling, with multiple initiation points to reduce selection bias, was necessary to locate and identify participants, provide reassurance and break down barriers. Personal contact was critical for both recruitment and data quality, and highlighted the importance of interviewer cultural sensitivity. Cross-national comparative studies, particularly relating to refugee resettlement within different policy environments, also need to take into consideration the differing pre-migration experiences and time since arrival of refugee groups, as these can add additional layers of complexity to study design and interpretation. PMID:21406104

  18. Women's Awareness of, Interest in, and Experiences with Long-acting Reversible and Permanent Contraception.

    PubMed

    Burns, Bridgit; Grindlay, Kate; Dennis, Amanda

    2015-01-01

    Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and sterilization are popular contraceptive methods. However, they have been associated with safety concerns and coercive practices. We aimed to understand women's opinions and experiences related to these methods, including whether the methods' fraught histories influence use or interest. Between May and July 2013, we conducted an online survey with a convenience sample of 520 women aged 14 to 45. We used quota sampling to ensure women of color were at least 60% of our sample. Descriptive statistics, χ(2) tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate participants' awareness of, interest in, and experiences with LARCs and sterilization. Overall, 30% of women reported current LARC use and 67% interest in future LARC use. Four percent reported sterilization use and 48% interest in future sterilization. In multivariate analyses, current LARC use was lower among Asian women versus White women (odds ratio [OR], 0.24), and interest in future use was higher among women aged 14 to 24 versus 35 to 45 (OR, 5.49). Interest in sterilization was higher among women aged 14 to 24 and 25 to 34 versus 35 to 45 (ORs, 3.29-3.66) and women with disabilities (OR, 1.64), and lower among Black compared with White women (OR, 0.41). Method misperceptions were evident, and concerns about contraceptive coercion were reported. Concerns about contraceptive coercion were not predominant reasons for noninterest in LARCs and sterilization, but were reported by some participants. Lower sterilization interest among Black women and higher sterilization interest among women with disabilities warrant further research. Efforts to address misperceptions about LARCs and sterilization, including their safety and efficacy, are needed. Copyright © 2015 Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  19. Mutatis Mutandis? The Court of Justice of the European Union Rules that Member States May Be Allowed to Impose Non-Resident Student Quotas

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Observatory on Borderless Higher Education, 2010

    2010-01-01

    Earlier this month, the Court of Justice of the European Union (the Court), ruled that European Union (EU) member states can impose non-resident student quotas in certain circumstances. The Court, whose job is to ensure that all EU member states interpret and apply EU legislation in the same way, recently made the ruling in response to a…

  20. Age identity, self-rated health, and life satisfaction among older adults in Dakar, Senegal.

    PubMed

    Macia, Enguerran; Duboz, Priscilla; Montepare, Joann M; Gueye, Lamine

    2012-09-01

    The objectives of this quantitative study were to (1) ascertain to what extent older adults aged 50 and above feel and desire to be younger than their age, and classify themselves as young versus old; (2) compare these patterns with those found among other cross-cultural populations; and (3) assess the extent to which self-rated health and life satisfaction predict age identities. This study was carried out on a sample of 500 dwellers of the Senegalese capital aged 50 and older. This sample was constructed using the quota method to strive for representativeness. Most of the respondents wanted to be younger than their chronological age (51.8 %), but only 27.8 % felt younger than they were. Moreover, 80 % of the sample claimed to be old. Self-rated health predicted felt age and the feeling of being old. Furthermore, the less-satisfied Dakar residents were with their life, the younger they wanted to be. We first discuss our results in a comparative perspective focused on how orientations toward individualism and collectivism could be related to age identity, and on demographic characteristics of the Senegalese population-where life expectancy is 59.3 years old. We then analyze the relevance of age identity dimensions as indicators of successful aging in Dakar.

  1. Risk management in inpatient units in the Czech Republic from the point of view of nurses in leadership positions.

    PubMed

    Prokešová, Radka; Brabcová, Iva; Pokojová, Radka; Bártlová, Sylva

    2016-12-01

    The goal of this study was to assess specific features of risk management from the point of view of nurses in leadership positions in inpatient units in Czech hospitals. The study was performed using a quantitative research strategy, i.e., a questionnaire. The data sample was analyzed using SPSS v. 23.0. Pearson's chi-square and analysis of adjusted residues were used for identifying the existence associations of nominal and/or ordinal quantities. 315 nurses in leadership positions working in inpatient units of Czech hospitals were included in the sample. The sample was created using random selection by means of quotas. Based on the study results, statistically significant relations between the respondents' education and the utilization of methods to identify risks were identified. Furthermore, statistically significant relationships were found between a nurse's functional role within the system and regular analysis and evaluation of risks and between the type of the healthcare facility and the degree of patient involvement in risk management. The study found statistically significant correlations that can be used to increase the effectiveness of risk management in inpatient units of Czech hospitals. From this perspective, the fact that patient involvement in risk management was only reported by 37.8% of respondents seems to be the most notable problem.

  2. Analysis of Undesignated Work

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-04-01

    hours are dedicated to watch stations. The remaining 14 hours are where the other elements are allocated . PM/CM/FM and OUS hours are computed for each...PACT), SMEs worked together to allocate GENDET BA to ratings and then to PACT requirements. They also identified PACT-in ratings and quotas.7...ultimate rating assignments, they used mostly qualitative methods to allocate BA. SMEs, drawn from the Enlisted Community Managers, NAVMAC, PERs 4010

  3. Chinese Energy Security: The Myth of the Plan’s Frontline Status

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-08-01

    management know-how so Chinese energy corporations can lower the risks.10 The Chinese economy is more resilient in the face of oil price shocks induced by...diesel. For example, the import quota is largely controlled by the big three oil companies—state-owned China National Petro- leum Corporation (CNPC...Sinopec, and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC). If pri- vate or smaller companies produce oil overseas and obtain import quotas

  4. Eliciting societal preferences of reimbursement decision criteria for anti cancer drugs in South Korea.

    PubMed

    Kwon, Sun-Hong; Park, Sun-Kyeong; Byun, Ji-Hye; Lee, Eui-Kyung

    2017-08-01

    In order to look beyond the cost-effectiveness analysis, this study used a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), which reflects societal values with regard to reimbursement decisions. This study aims to elicit societal preferences of the reimbursement decision criteria for anti cancer drugs from public and healthcare professionals. Eight criteria were defined based on a literature review and focus group sessions: disease severity, disease population size, pediatrics targets, unmet needs, innovation, clinical benefits, cost-effectiveness, and budget impacts. Using quota sampling and purposive sampling, 300 participants from the Korean public and 30 healthcare professionals were selected for the survey. Preferences were elicited using an analytic hierarchy process. Both groups rated clinical benefits the highest, followed by cost-effectiveness and disease severity, but differed with regard to disease population size and unmet needs. Innovation was the least preferred criteria. Clinical benefits and other social values should be reflected appropriately with cost-effectiveness in healthcare coverage. MCDA can be used to assess decision priorities for complicated health policy decisions, including reimbursement decisions. It is a promising method for making logical and transparent drug reimbursement decisions that consider a broad range of factors, which are perceived as important by relevant stakeholders.

  5. THE RHETORICAL USE OF RANDOM SAMPLING: CRAFTING AND COMMUNICATING THE PUBLIC IMAGE OF POLLS AS A SCIENCE (1935-1948).

    PubMed

    Lusinchi, Dominic

    2017-03-01

    The scientific pollsters (Archibald Crossley, George H. Gallup, and Elmo Roper) emerged onto the American news media scene in 1935. Much of what they did in the following years (1935-1948) was to promote both the political and scientific legitimacy of their enterprise. They sought to be recognized as the sole legitimate producers of public opinion. In this essay I examine the, mostly overlooked, rhetorical work deployed by the pollsters to publicize the scientific credentials of their polling activities, and the central role the concept of sampling has had in that pursuit. First, they distanced themselves from the failed straw poll by claiming that their sampling methodology based on quotas was informed by science. Second, although in practice they did not use random sampling, they relied on it rhetorically to derive the symbolic benefits of being associated with the "laws of probability." © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  6. [Acceptability and feasibility among primary care doctors of the opportunistic search for HIV in Health Care centers in Spain].

    PubMed

    Puentes Torres, Rafael Carlos; Aguado Taberné, Cristina; Pérula de Torres, Luis Ángel; Espejo Espejo, José; Castro Fernández, Cristina; Fransi Galiana, Luis

    2017-12-01

    To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the opportunistic search of HIV according to primary care doctors' experience. To set up the profile of the physician involved in this study. Observational, transversal study. Primary Care Centers of the National Health System. General practitioners and residents who participated in VIH-AP study to measure the acceptability of HIV opportunistic search by patients. Self-filling survey to collect data on age, sex, teaching skills, amount of years dedicated to research, time working with the same quota of patients, acceptability and feasibility of opportunistic HIV search. A total of 197 physicians with a mean age of 45.2±9.7 (SD) years. 18.8% were under 36years old, 70.1% were women and 62.4% had teaching skills. 55.8% worked in towns with a population over 100,000 inhabitants and the mean of years working with the same quota of patients was 6.4±6.6. 91.9% (95%CI: 88.1-98.7) of them considered the opportunistic search of HIV acceptable and 89.3% (95%CI: 85.0-93.6), feasible to perform. The multivariate analysis showed positive relation between the acceptability/feasibility and teaching skills (OR: 2.74; 95%CI: 1.16-6.49). The acceptance of the screening by patients was 93.1% and this was positively related to how long the doctor had worked with the same quota, teaching skills and the amount of years dedicated to research. HIV opportunistic search is an acceptable and feasible method for primary care professionals. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  7. Temporal Variations in the Dynamics of Potentially Microcystin-Producing Strains in a Bloom-Forming Planktothrix agardhii (Cyanobacterium) Population▿ †

    PubMed Central

    Briand, Enora; Gugger, Muriel; François, Jean-Christophe; Bernard, Cécile; Humbert, Jean-François; Quiblier, Catherine

    2008-01-01

    The concentration of microcystins (MCs) produced during blooms depends on variations in both the proportion of strains containing the genes involved in MC production and the MC cell quota (the ratio between the MC concentration and the density of cells with the mcyA genotype) for toxic strains. In order to assess the dynamics of MC-producing and non-MC-producing strains and to identify the impact of environmental factors on the relative proportions of these two subpopulations, we performed a 2-year survey of a perennial bloom of Planktothrix agardhii (cyanobacteria). Applying quantitative real-time PCR to the mcyA and phycocyanin genes, we found that the proportion of cells with the mcyA genotype varied considerably over time (ranging from 30 to 80% of the population). The changes in the proportion of cells with the mcyA genotype appeared to be inversely correlated to changes in the density of P. agardhii cells and also, to a lesser extent, to the availability of certain nutrients and the abundance of cladocerans. Among toxic cells, the MC cell quota varied throughout the survey. However, a negative correlation between the MC cell quota and the mcyA cell number during two short periods characterized by marked changes in the cyanobacterial biomass was found. Finally, only 54% of the variation in the MC concentrations measured in the lake can be explained by the dynamics of the density of cells with the MC producer genotype, suggesting that this measurement is not a satisfactory method for use in monitoring programs intended to predict the toxic risk associated with cyanobacterial proliferation. PMID:18441113

  8. Taxonomic and Environmental Variability in the Elemental Composition and Stoichiometry of Individual Dinoflagellate and Diatom Cells from the NW Mediterranean Sea

    PubMed Central

    2016-01-01

    Here we present, for the first time, the elemental concentration, including C, N and O, of single phytoplankton cells collected from the sea. Plankton elemental concentration and stoichiometry are key variables in phytoplankton ecophysiology and ocean biogeochemistry, and are used to link cells and ecosystems. However, most field studies rely on bulk techniques that overestimate carbon and nitrogen because the samples include organic matter other than plankton organisms. Here we used X-ray microanalysis (XRMA), a technique that, unlike bulk analyses, gives simultaneous quotas of C, N, O, Mg, Si, P, and S, in single-cell organisms that can be collected directly from the sea. We analysed the elemental composition of dinoflagellates and diatoms (largely Chaetoceros spp.) collected from different sites of the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean Sea). As expected, a lower C content is found in our cells compared to historical values of cultured cells. Our results indicate that, except for Si and O in diatoms, the mass of all elements is not a constant fraction of cell volume but rather decreases with increasing cell volume. Also, diatoms are significantly less dense in all the measured elements, except Si, compared to dinoflagellates. The N:P ratio of both groups is higher than the Redfield ratio, as it is the N:P nutrient ratio in deep NW Mediterranean Sea waters (N:P = 20–23). The results suggest that the P requirement is highest for bacterioplankton, followed by dinoflagellates, and lowest for diatoms, giving them a clear ecological advantage in P-limited environments like the Mediterranean Sea. Finally, the P concentration of cells of the same genera but growing under different nutrient conditions was the same, suggesting that the P quota of these cells is at a critical level. Our results indicate that XRMA is an accurate technique to determine single cell elemental quotas and derived conversion factors used to understand and model ocean biogeochemical cycles. PMID:27111067

  9. Implementation uncertainty when using recreational hunting to manage carnivores

    PubMed Central

    Bischof, Richard; Nilsen, Erlend B; Brøseth, Henrik; Männil, Peep; Ozoliņš, Jaānis; Linnell, John D C; Bode, Michael

    2012-01-01

    1. Wildlife managers often rely on resource users, such as recreational or commercial hunters, to achieve management goals. The use of hunters to control wildlife populations is especially common for predators and ungulates, but managers cannot assume that hunters will always fill annual quotas set by the authorities. It has been advocated that resource management models should account for uncertainty in how harvest rules are realized, requiring that this implementation uncertainty be estimated. 2. We used a survival analysis framework and long-term harvest data from large carnivore management systems in three countries (Estonia, Latvia and Norway) involving four species (brown bear, grey wolf, Eurasian lynx and wolverine) to estimate the performance of hunters with respect to harvest goals set by managers. 3. Variation in hunter quota-filling performance was substantial, ranging from 40% for wolverine in Norway to nearly 100% for lynx in Latvia. Seasonal and regional variation was also high within country–species pairs. We detected a positive relationship between the instantaneous potential to fill a quota slot and the relative availability of the target species for both wolverine and lynx in Norway. 4. Survivor curves and hazards – with survival time measured as the time from the start of a season until a quota slot is filled – can indicate the extent to which managers can influence harvest through adjustments of season duration and quota limits. 5. Synthesis and applications. We investigated seven systems where authorities use recreational hunting to manage large carnivore populations. The variation and magnitude of deviation from harvest goals was substantial, underlining the need to incorporate implementation uncertainty into resource management models and decisions-making. We illustrate how survival analysis can be used by managers to estimate the performance of resource users with respect to achieving harvest goals set by managers. The findings in this study come at an opportune time given the growing popularity of management strategy evaluation (MSE) models in fisheries and a push towards incorporating MSE into terrestrial harvest management. PMID:23197878

  10. Estimating the number of trees and forest area necessary to supply internationally traded volumes of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) in Amazonia

    Treesearch

    J. Grogan; M. Schulze

    2008-01-01

    requires producer nations to certify that exported supplies were obtained in a manner non-detrimental to the species’ survival in its role in the ecosystem. Non-detriment findings based on annual export quotas should verify that current harvest rates are sustainable with respect to total commercial stocks. In order to assess this impact, a method for converting export...

  11. The calculation of lateral stability with free controls

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mathias, Gotthold

    1934-01-01

    The discussion of the structural methods for obtaining lateral stability discloses the remarkable influence of the constant fuselage and wing proportions to the yawing moments. For the effectiveness of modifications in vertical tail surfaces and tail length, these quotas - little observed heretofore, in this connection - are decisive. This also applies to the amount of dihedral of the wing with regard to the roll stability of the complete wing already existing without angle of the dihedral.

  12. [Morphometric and stereometric analysis of the masticatory muscles in cases of progeny].

    PubMed

    Solov'ev, V A; Golikov, D I; Shinkarenko, T V

    2009-01-01

    The data of microscopic and ultramicroscopric analysis of the muscles of mastication were presented of 12 male patients with progeny. There were determined differentiating peculiarities of muscles fibers of masseter and medial pterygoid in cases of progeny. The results of comperative analysis showed some decreasing of muscular quota and increasing connective tissue's quota; some decreasing muscular fibers' diameters and quantity of blood capillaries; some increasing muscular fibers type I in the muscles of mastication in progeny cases.

  13. Public views on the donation and use of human biological samples in biomedical research: a mixed methods study

    PubMed Central

    Lewis, Celine; Clotworthy, Margaret; Hilton, Shona; Magee, Caroline; Robertson, Mark J; Stubbins, Lesley J; Corfield, Julie

    2013-01-01

    Objective A mixed methods study exploring the UK general public's willingness to donate human biosamples (HBSs) for biomedical research. Setting Cross-sectional focus groups followed by an online survey. Participants Twelve focus groups (81 participants) selectively sampled to reflect a range of demographic groups; 1110 survey responders recruited through a stratified sampling method with quotas set on sex, age, geographical location, socioeconomic group and ethnicity. Main outcome measures (1) Identify participants’ willingness to donate HBSs for biomedical research, (2) explore acceptability towards donating different types of HBSs in various settings and (3) explore preferences regarding use and access to HBSs. Results 87% of survey participants thought donation of HBSs was important and 75% wanted to be asked to donate in general. Responders who self-reported having some or good knowledge of the medical research process were significantly more likely to want to donate (p<0.001). Reasons why focus group participants saw donation as important included: it was a good way of reciprocating for the medical treatment received; it was an important way of developing drugs and treatments; residual tissue would otherwise go to waste and they or their family members might benefit. The most controversial types of HBSs to donate included: brain post mortem (29% would donate), eyes post mortem (35%), embryos (44%), spare eggs (48%) and sperm (58%). Regarding the use of samples, there were concerns over animal research (34%), research conducted outside the UK (35%), and research conducted by pharmaceutical companies (56%), although education and discussion were found to alleviate such concerns. Conclusions There is a high level of public support and willingness to donate HBSs for biomedical research. Underlying concerns exist regarding the use of certain types of HBSs and conditions under which they are used. Improved education and more controlled forms of consent for sensitive samples may mitigate such concerns. PMID:23929915

  14. The sexual attitudes and lifestyles of London's Eastern Europeans (SALLEE Project): design and methods.

    PubMed

    Evans, Alison R; Parutis, Violetta; Hart, Graham; Mercer, Catherine H; Gerry, Christopher; Mole, Richard; French, Rebecca S; Imrie, John; Burns, Fiona

    2009-10-30

    Since May 2004, ten Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries have joined the European Union, leading to a large influx of CEE migrants to the United Kingdom (UK). The SALLEE project (sexual attitudes and lifestyles of London's Eastern Europeans) set out to establish an understanding of the sexual lifestyles and reproductive health risks of CEE migrants. CEE nationals make up a small minority of the population resident in the UK with no sampling frame from which to select a probability sample. There is also difficulty estimating the socio-demographic and geographical distribution of the population. In addition, measuring self-reported sexual behaviour which is generally found to be problematic, may be compounded among people from a range of different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. This paper will describe the methods adopted by the SALLEE project to address these challenges. The research was undertaken using quantitative and qualitative methods: a cross-sectional survey of CEE migrants based on three convenience samples (recruited from community venues, sexual health clinics and from the Internet) and semi-structured in-depth interviews with a purposively selected sample of CEE migrants. A detailed social mapping exercise of the CEE community was conducted prior to commencement of the survey to identify places where CEE migrants could be recruited. A total of 3,005 respondents took part in the cross-sectional survey, including 2,276 respondents in the community sample, 357 in the clinic sample and 372 in the Internet sample. 40 in-depth qualitative interviews were undertaken with a range of individuals, as determined by the interview quota matrix. The SALLEE project has benefited from using quantitative research to provide generalisable data on a range of variables and qualitative research to add in-depth understanding and interpretation. The social mapping exercise successfully located a large number of CEE migrants for the community sample and is recommended for other migrant populations, especially when little or no official data are available for this purpose. The project has collected timely data that will help us to understand the sexual lifestyles, reproductive health risks and health service needs of CEE communities in the UK.

  15. Sampling challenges in a study examining refugee resettlement.

    PubMed

    Sulaiman-Hill, Cheryl Mr; Thompson, Sandra C

    2011-03-15

    As almost half of all refugees currently under United Nations protection are from Afghanistan or Iraq and significant numbers have already been resettled outside the region of origin, it is likely that future research will examine their resettlement needs. A number of methodological challenges confront researchers working with culturally and linguistically diverse groups; however, few detailed articles are available to inform other studies. The aim of this paper is to outline challenges with sampling and recruitment of socially invisible refugee groups, describing the method adopted for a mixed methods exploratory study assessing mental health, subjective wellbeing and resettlement perspectives of Afghan and Kurdish refugees living in New Zealand and Australia. Sampling strategies used in previous studies with similar refugee groups were considered before determining the approach to recruitment A snowball approach was adopted for the study, with multiple entry points into the communities being used to choose as wide a range of people as possible to provide further contacts and reduce selection bias. Census data was used to assess the representativeness of the sample. A sample of 193 former refugee participants was recruited in Christchurch (n = 98) and Perth (n = 95), 47% were of Afghan and 53% Kurdish ethnicity. A good gender balance (males 52%, females 48%) was achieved overall, mainly as a result of the sampling method used. Differences in the demographic composition of groups in each location were observed, especially in relation to the length of time spent in a refugee situation and time since arrival, reflecting variations in national humanitarian quota intakes. Although some measures were problematic, Census data comparison to assess reasonable representativeness of the study sample was generally reassuring. Snowball sampling, with multiple initiation points to reduce selection bias, was necessary to locate and identify participants, provide reassurance and break down barriers. Personal contact was critical for both recruitment and data quality, and highlighted the importance of interviewer cultural sensitivity. Cross-national comparative studies, particularly relating to refugee resettlement within different policy environments, also need to take into consideration the differing pre-migration experiences and time since arrival of refugee groups, as these can add additional layers of complexity to study design and interpretation.

  16. The impact of paternity leave on fathers' future earnings.

    PubMed

    Rege, Mari; Solli, Ingeborg F

    2013-12-01

    Using Norwegian registry data, we investigate the effect of paternity leave on fathers' long-term earnings. If the paternity leave increased long-term father involvement, then we should expect a reduction in fathers' long-term earnings as they shift time and effort from market to home production. For identification, we use the Norwegian introduction of a paternity-leave quota in 1993, reserving four weeks of the total of 42 weeks of paid parental leave exclusively for the father. The introduction of the paternity-leave quota led to a sharp increase in rates of leave-taking for fathers. We estimate a difference-in-differences model that exploits differences in fathers' exposure to the paternity-leave quota by the child's age and year of observation. Our analysis suggests that four weeks of paternity leave during the child's first year decreases fathers' future earnings, an effect that persists through our last point of observation, when the child is 5 years old. A battery of robustness tests supports our results.

  17. Interregional sharing of energy conservation targets in China: Efficiency and equity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wei, Dan

    Energy conservation is a long-term strategic policy in China to support its economic and social development. This policy strategy is important for saving resources, protecting the environment, and ensuring the secure supply of energy to all economic activities. However, energy conservation often involves large amounts of investment and may also have dampening impacts on some local and regional economies. Moreover, energy conservation and efficiency improvement have many features of a public good. Therefore, government policy and intervention play a strong role to foster regional efforts and cooperative interregional actions on this issue. This dissertation introduces and analyzes a promising policy instrument---an interregional energy conservation-quota trading system---to help China fulfill its national energy conservation objective in an efficient and equitable way. To analyze the workings of the energy conservation-quota trading system, trading entities are first determined. In this study, statistical analyses (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) are applied to identify regional aggregations of provinces of China to act as the trading units. The marginal energy conservation cost curves of these regions are developed using engineering-economic methods and regression analysis. Simulations of interregional conservation-quota trading are undertaken after China's conservation goals in 2010 are allocated among regions according to several equity criteria. Various equity criteria are applied and analyzed in this study because of the philosophical differences in the appropriate definition of the concept. The trading simulations yield several important findings. First, the introduction of an interregional quota trading system can minimize both regional net compliance costs and national total conservation costs, irrespective of how the conservation tasks are initially allocated among regions according to different equity rules. Second, regional welfare implications differ across the applications of various equity criteria. However, for the energy production-based sovereignty and egalitarian equity criteria, the poorest region (in terms of per capita gross regional product) can enjoy net profits from trading, while the clustered region of wealthy coastal provinces shoulders the highest cost. This indicates that a conservation-quota trading system applying these two equity criteria is consistent with the national strategy in China to reduce regional income disparities and to develop the interior and western less-developed regions of the country. Third, compared with trading among conventional regions, trading among statistically clustered regions can more sharply apply the equity criteria to burden sharing and utilize larger differences in marginal conservation costs between regions to achieve a lower total net cost for the country as a whole. In sum, this research develops a useful methodology and identifies an operational way to attain energy conservation targets in China. It offers insights for similar interregional burden-sharing or benefit-sharing policies for China in the future, such as greenhouse gas emission trading, which is closely related to the energy conservation issue.

  18. China's Rare Earth Supply Chain: Illegal Production, and Response to new Cerium Demand

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nguyen, Ruby Thuy; Imholte, D. Devin

    2016-07-01

    As the demand for personal electronic devices, wind turbines, and electric vehicles increases, the world becomes more dependent on rare earth elements. Given the volatile, Chinese-concentrated supply chain, global attempts have been made to diversify supply of these materials. However, the overall effect of supply diversification on the entire supply chain, including increasing low-value rare earth demand, is not fully understood. This paper is the first attempt to shed some light on China's supply chain from both demand and supply perspectives, taking into account different Chinese policies such as mining quotas, separation quotas, export quotas, and resource taxes. We constructed a simulation model using Powersim Studio that analyzes production (both legal and illegal), production costs, Chinese and rest-of-world demand, and market dynamics. We also simulated new demand of an automotive aluminum-cerium alloy in the US market starting from 2018. Results showed that market share of the illegal sector has grown since 2007-2015, ranging between 22% and 25% of China's rare earth supply, translating into 59-65% illegal heavy rare earths and 14-16% illegal light rare earths. There will be a shortage in certain light and heavy rare earths given three production quota scenarios and constant demand growth rate from 2015 to 2030. The new simulated Ce demand would require supply beyond that produced in China. Finally, we illustrate revenue streams for different ore compositions in China in 2015.

  19. China’s rare earth supply chain: Illegal production, and response to new cerium demand

    DOE PAGES

    Nguyen, Ruby Thuy; Imholte, D. Devin

    2016-03-29

    As the demand for personal electronic devices, wind turbines, and electric vehicles increases, the world becomes more dependent on rare earth elements. Given the volatile, Chinese-concentrated supply chain, global attempts have been made to diversify supply of these materials. However, the overall effect of supply diversification on the entire supply chain, including increasing low-value rare earth demand, is not fully understood. This paper is the first attempt to shed some light on China’s supply chain from both demand and supply perspectives, taking into account different Chinese policies such as mining quotas, separation quotas, export quotas, and resource taxes. We constructedmore » a simulation model using Powersim Studio that analyzes production (both legal and illegal), production costs, Chinese and rest-of-world demand, and market dynamics. We also simulated new demand of an automotive aluminum-cerium alloy in the U.S. market starting from 2018. Results showed that market share of the illegal sector has grown since 2007 to 2015, ranging between 22% and 25% of China’s rare earth supply, translating into 59–65% illegal heavy rare earths and 14–16% illegal light rare earths. There would be a shortage in certain light and heavy rare earths given three production quota scenarios and constant demand growth rate from 2015 to 2030. The new simulated Ce demand would require supply beyond that produced in China. Lastly, we illustrated revenue streams for different ore compositions in China in 2015.« less

  20. China’s rare earth supply chain: Illegal production, and response to new cerium demand

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nguyen, Ruby Thuy; Imholte, D. Devin

    As the demand for personal electronic devices, wind turbines, and electric vehicles increases, the world becomes more dependent on rare earth elements. Given the volatile, Chinese-concentrated supply chain, global attempts have been made to diversify supply of these materials. However, the overall effect of supply diversification on the entire supply chain, including increasing low-value rare earth demand, is not fully understood. This paper is the first attempt to shed some light on China’s supply chain from both demand and supply perspectives, taking into account different Chinese policies such as mining quotas, separation quotas, export quotas, and resource taxes. We constructedmore » a simulation model using Powersim Studio that analyzes production (both legal and illegal), production costs, Chinese and rest-of-world demand, and market dynamics. We also simulated new demand of an automotive aluminum-cerium alloy in the U.S. market starting from 2018. Results showed that market share of the illegal sector has grown since 2007 to 2015, ranging between 22% and 25% of China’s rare earth supply, translating into 59–65% illegal heavy rare earths and 14–16% illegal light rare earths. There would be a shortage in certain light and heavy rare earths given three production quota scenarios and constant demand growth rate from 2015 to 2030. The new simulated Ce demand would require supply beyond that produced in China. Lastly, we illustrated revenue streams for different ore compositions in China in 2015.« less

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