Social Diffusion of Water Conservation: A Study of Residential Turf Rebate Programs in Orange County, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duong, K.; Grant, S. B.; Rippy, M.; Feldman, D.

2017-12-01

From 2011 to 2017, the combination of record low precipitation and extreme warm temperatures resulted in the most severe drought in California's written history. In April 2015, Governor Jerry Brown issued an executive order mandating a statewide 25% reduction in potable urban water usage. Under such circumstances, outdoor watering is an obvious target for restriction, because it can account for a large fraction of total domestic water usage, up to 50% in the arid southwest [Syme et. al 2004, Cameron et. al 2012]. In this study we analyzed one such effort, in which the Irvine Ranch Water District (IRWD) in Orange County (California) offered a financial incentive through a turf rebate program to encourage Irvine residents to replace turf grass with drought tolerant landscaping. We focused specifically on the number of residents who applied to the turf rebate program. Our hypothesis was that the observed application rate (number of applicants per month) is influenced by a combination of (a) financial incentives issued by IRWD, (b) drought awareness, and (c) the fraction of neighbors that have already applied to the program (a phenomenon that can be described quantitatively through models of social contagion or social diffusion [Karsai et. al 2014]). Our preliminary results indicate that applications to the program occurred in geographic "hot spots", consistent with the idea that early adopters may have influenced neighbors to retrofit their lawns. We are currently evaluating the geographic, demographic, and temporal drivers that influence the rate of spontaneous adoption, the rate of adoption under influence, and the total size of the susceptible population. Overall, our goal is to identify the key factors that contribute to early rapid uptake of conservation behavior, and the rapid diffusion of that behavior through the community.

Accurate Estimation of Target amounts Using Expanded BASS Model for Demand-Side Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Hyun-Woong; Park, Jong-Jin; Kim, Jin-O.

2008-10-01

The electricity demand in Korea has rapidly increased along with a steady economic growth since 1970s. Therefore Korea has positively propelled not only SSM (Supply-Side Management) but also DSM (Demand-Side Management) activities to reduce investment cost of generating units and to save supply costs of electricity through the enhancement of whole national energy utilization efficiency. However study for rebate, which have influence on success or failure on DSM program, is not sufficient. This paper executed to modeling mathematically expanded Bass model considering rebates, which have influence on penetration amounts for DSM program. To reflect rebate effect more preciously, the pricing function using in expanded Bass model directly reflects response of potential participants for rebate level.

78 FR 57425 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-18

... increased rebate on BX, its rate for Flag C will not change. \\7\\ See BX, BX Pricing List--Trading & Connectivity, http://www.nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=bx_pricing (offering a rebate to remove liquidity of... pricing changes on Nasdaq. In addition, the proposal allows the Exchange to continue to charge its Members...

78 FR 57429 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-18

... BX, its rate for Flag C will not change. \\7\\ See BX, BX Pricing List--Trading & Connectivity, http://www.nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=bx_pricing (offering a rebate to remove liquidity of $0.0011 per... rebate of $0.0015 per share is equitable and reasonable because it accounts for the pricing changes on...

33 CFR 402.6 - Volume Rebate Incentive program

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... defined under the Manager's commodity classification, for which a Volume Rebate is sought, the origin or... already move the commodity, as defined under the Manager's commodity classification, through the Seaway at...

33 CFR 402.6 - Volume Rebate Incentive program

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... defined under the Manager's commodity classification, for which a Volume Rebate is sought, the origin or... already move the commodity, as defined under the Manager's commodity classification, through the Seaway at...

Will Medicare Advantage payment reforms impact plan rebates and enrollment?

PubMed

Nicholas, Lauren Hersch

2014-01-01

To assess the relationship between Medicare Advantage (MA) plan rebates and enrollment and simulate the effects of Affordable Care Act (ACA) payment reforms. First difference regressions of county-level MA payment and enrollment data from CMS from 2006 to 2010. A $10 decrease in the per member/per month rebate to MA plans was associated with a 0.20 percentage point (0.9%) decrease in MA penetration (P < .001) and a 7.1% decline in the average MA enrollee's risk score (P < .001). These effects are small overall, but larger in counties with low levels of traditional Medicare spending; a $10 decrease in monthly rebates was associated with a 0.64 percentage point decline in MA penetration and a 10% decrease in risk score. ACA reforms are predicted to reduce the level of rebates in lower-spending counties, leading to enrollment decreases of 1.7 to 1.9 percentage points in the lowest-spending counties. The simulation predicts that the disenrollment would come from MA enrollees with higher risk scores. MA enrollment responds to availability of supplemental benefits supported by rebates. ACA provisions designed to lower MA spending will predominantly affect Medicare beneficiaries living in counties where MA plans may be unable to offer a comparable product at a price similar to that of traditional Medicare.

Municipal Rebate Programs for Environmental Retrofits: An Evaluation of Additionality and Cost-Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennear, Lori S.; Lee, Jonathan M.; Taylor, Laura O.

2013-01-01

When policies incentivize voluntary activities that also take place in the absence of the incentive, it is critical to identify the additionality of the policy--that is, the degree to which the policy results in actions that would not have occurred otherwise. Rebate programs have become a common conservation policy tool for local municipalities…

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) will establish a state rebate program for the purchase air pollution will be eligible for an additional rebate of up to $2,500 for the purchase or lease of a

42 CFR 447.520 - FFP: Conditions relating to physician-administered drugs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... using Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes or NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (2) As... Medicaid Program using NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (b) As of January 1, 2007, a State must...

42 CFR 447.520 - FFP: Conditions relating to physician-administered drugs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... using Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes or NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (2) As... Medicaid Program using NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (b) As of January 1, 2007, a State must...

42 CFR 447.520 - FFP: Conditions relating to physician-administered drugs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... using Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes or NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (2) As... Medicaid Program using NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (b) As of January 1, 2007, a State must...

42 CFR 447.520 - FFP: Conditions relating to physician-administered drugs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... using Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes or NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (2) As... Medicaid Program using NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (b) As of January 1, 2007, a State must...

42 CFR 447.520 - FFP: Conditions relating to physician-administered drugs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... using Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes or NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (2) As... Medicaid Program using NDC numbers in order to secure rebates. (b) As of January 1, 2007, a State must...

Pharma rebates, pharmacy benefit managers and employer outcomes.

PubMed

Ali, Ozden Gür; Mantrala, Murali

2010-12-01

Corporate employers contract with pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) with the goals of lowering their employee prescription drug coverage costs while maintaining health care quality. However, little is known about how employer-PBM contract elements and brand drugmakers' rebates combine to influence a profit-maximizing PBM's actions, and the impact of those actions on the employer's outcomes. To shed more light on these issues, the authors build and analyze a mathematical simulation model of a competitive pharmaceutical market comprised of one generic and two branded drugs, and involving a PBM contracted by a corporate employer to help it lower prescription drug costs while achieving a minimum desired quality of health care for its employees. The brand drugmakers' rebate offers, the PBM's assignment of drugs to formulary tiers, and the resulting employer outcomes under varying contracts and pharma brand marketing mix environmental scenarios are analyzed to provide insights. The findings include that the pharma brands offer rebates for the PBM's ability to move prescription share away from the unpreferred brand, but reduce these offers when the PBM's contract requires it to proactively influence physicians to prescribe the generic drug alternative. Further, Pareto optimal contracts that provide the highest health benefit for a given employer cost budget for the employer are analyzed to provide managerial implications. They are found to involve strong PBM influence on physician prescribing to discourage unpreferred brands, as well as high patient copayment requirements for unpreferred brands to align the patient prescription fill probability with the formulary, while other copayment requirements provide an instrument to determine the level of desired health benefit-cost tradeoff.

78 FR 4926 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-23

... on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \\2\\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4. I....'' Specifically, the Exchange proposes to amend the Customer Rebate Program, Select Symbols,\\5\\ Simple and Complex... Category D to the Customer Rebate Program relating to Customer Simple Orders in Select Symbols. The...

Payment policy and inefficient benefits in the Medicare+Choice program.

PubMed

Pizer, Steven D; Frakt, Austin B; Feldman, Roger

2003-06-01

We investigated whether constraints on premium rebates by health plans in the Medicare+Choice program result in inefficient benefits. Since relationships between revenue and benefits could be confounded by unobserved variation in the cost of coverage, we took advantage of natural experiment that occurred following passage of the Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000. Our findings indicate that benefits in zero premium plans were more sensitive to changes in payment rates than were benefits in plans that charged nonzero premiums. These results strongly suggest that current Medicare policy induces plans to offer benefits that are not valued by enrollees at or above their cost.

Financial incentives increase fruit and vegetable intake among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participants: a randomized controlled trial of the USDA Healthy Incentives Pilot.

PubMed

Olsho, Lauren Ew; Klerman, Jacob A; Wilde, Parke E; Bartlett, Susan

2016-08-01

US fruit and vegetable (FV) intake remains below recommendations, particularly for low-income populations. Evidence on effectiveness of rebates in addressing this shortfall is limited. This study evaluated the USDA Healthy Incentives Pilot (HIP), which offered rebates to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants for purchasing targeted FVs (TFVs). As part of a randomized controlled trial in Hampden County, Massachusetts, 7500 randomly selected SNAP households received a 30% rebate on TFVs purchased with SNAP benefits. The remaining 47,595 SNAP households in the county received usual benefits. Adults in 5076 HIP and non-HIP households were randomly sampled for telephone surveys, including 24-h dietary recall interviews. Surveys were conducted at baseline (1-3 mo before implementation) and in 2 follow-up rounds (4-6 mo and 9-11 mo after implementation). 2784 adults (1388 HIP, 1396 non-HIP) completed baseline interviews; data were analyzed for 2009 adults (72%) who also completed ≥1 follow-up interview. Regression-adjusted mean TFV intake at follow-up was 0.24 cup-equivalents/d (95% CI: 0.13, 0.34 cup-equivalents/d) higher among HIP participants. Across all fruit and vegetables (AFVs), regression-adjusted mean intake was 0.32 cup-equivalents/d (95% CI: 0.17, 0.48 cup-equivalents/d) higher among HIP participants. The AFV-TFV difference was explained by greater intake of 100% fruit juice (0.10 cup-equivalents/d; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.17 cup-equivalents/d); juice purchases did not earn the HIP rebate. Refined grain intake was 0.43 ounce-equivalents/d lower (95% CI: -0.69, -0.16 ounce-equivalents/d) among HIP participants, possibly indicating substitution effects. Increased AFV intake and decreased refined grain intake contributed to higher Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores among HIP participants (4.7 points; 95% CI: 2.4, 7.1 points). The HIP significantly increased FV intake among SNAP participants, closing ∼20% of the gap relative to recommendations and increasing dietary quality. More research on mechanisms of action is warranted. The HIP trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02651064. © 2016 American Society for Nutrition.

Binary Linear Programming in the Management of Mine Receivables / Binarne Programowanie Liniowe W Zarządzaniu Należnościami Kopalni

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trzaskuś-Żak, Beata; Żak, Andrzej

2013-09-01

This paper presents a method of binary linear programming for the selection of customers to whom a rebate will be offered. In return for the rebate, the customer undertakes payment of its debt to the mine by the deadline specified. In this way, the company is expected to achieve the required rate of collection of receivables. This, of course, will be at the expense of reduced revenue, which can be made up for by increased sales. Customer selection was done in order to keep the overall cost to the mine of the offered rebates as low as possible: where: KcR - total cost of rebates granted by the mine; kj - cost of granting the rebate to a jth customer; xj - decision variables; j = 1, …, n - particular customers. The calculations were performed with the Solver tool (Excel programme). The cost of rebates was calculated from the formula: kj = ΔPj - Kk(j) where: ΔPj - difference in revenues from customer j; Kk(j)- cost of the so-called trade credit with regard to customer j. The cost of the trade credit was calculated from the formula: where r - interest rate on the bank loan, % ts - collection time for the receivable in days (e.g. t1 = 30, t2 = 45,…, t12 = 360); Ns - value of the receivable at collection date ts. This paper presents the general model of linear binary programming for managing receivables by granting rebates. The model, in its general form, aims at: - minimising the objective function: - with the restrictions: - and: xj ɛ (0,1) where: Ntji - value of the timely payments of a customer j in an ith month of the period analysed; Nnji - value of the overdue receivables of a customer j in an ith month of the period analysed; q - the assumed minimum percentage of timely payments collected; Ni - summarised value of all receivables in the month i; m - the number of months in the period analysed. The general model was used for application to the example of the operating Mine X. Furthermore, the study has been extended through the presentation of a binary model of linear programming, in which the objective function should minimise the anticipated value of the cost of rebates: where: pj - denotes the probability of use of the rebate by customer j. The paper presents two mathematical models. One is a determinist model which can be used under certainty conditions, whereas the other considers the risk of the rebates not being used by the customers. The paper also describes some random experiments with the Monte Carlo method. W artykule zastosowano metodę binarnego programowania liniowego w celu wyboru odbiorców, którym zostanie zaproponowany rabat. W zamian za proponowany rabat, dany odbiorca zobowiązuje się spłacać w założonym terminie należność kopalni. W ten sposób przedsiębiorstwo ma osiągnąć odpowiedni poziom ściągalności należności terminowych. Stanie się to oczywiście kosztem zmniejszenia przychodów, które można zrekompensować poprzez zwiększenie sprzedaży. Wybór odbiorców dokonany został w taki sposób aby sumaryczny koszt zaproponowanego rabatu był dla kopalni jak najmniejszy, czyli: gdzie: KcR - całkowity koszt udzielonych rabatów przez kopalnię kj - koszt udzielenia rabatu j-temu odbiorcy, xj - zmienne decyzyjne, j = 1, …, n - poszczególni odbiorcy. Do obliczeń wykorzystano narzędzie Solver (program Exel). Koszty rabatów wyliczono ze wzoru: kj = ΔPj - Kk(j) gdzie ΔPj - różnica w przychodach od odbiorcy j, Kk(j) - koszt tak zwanego kredytu kupieckiego ponoszonego względem odbiorcy j. Koszt kredytu kupieckiego wyznaczono ze wzoru: gdzie r - stopa procentowa zaciągniętego kredytu bankowego, %, ts - okres ściągania należności, dni (np. t1 = 30, t2 = 45,…, t12 = 360), Ns - wartość należności o terminie ściągalności ts. W artykule zaprezentowano ogólny model binarnego programowania liniowego do zarządzania należnościami, z wykorzystaniem rabatu. Model ten w ogólnej postaci ma: - zminimalizować funkcję celu: przy ograniczeniach: oraz: xjɛ (0,1) gdzie: Nt ji - wartość należności terminowych odbiorcy j w i-tym miesiącu analizowanego okresu, Nn ji - wysokość należności nieterminowych odbiorcy j w i-tym miesiącu okresu, q - założony, minimalny odsetek ściągalności należności terminowych, Ni - sumaryczna wartość wszystkich należności w miesiącu i, m - liczba miesięcy w analizowanym okresie. Ogólny model posłużył do jego aplikacji na przykładzie danych funkcjonującej kopalni „X". Ponadto rozważania te rozszerzono przedstawiając binarny model programowania liniowego, w którym funkcja celu powinna minimalizować oczekiwaną wartość kosztów rabatów, czyli: gdzie pj oznacza prawdopodobieństwo skorzystania z rabatu przez odbiorcę j. W artykule zostały sformułowane dwa modele matematyczne. Pierwszy z nich to model deterministyczny, który może być stosowany w warunkach pewności, zaś drugi uwzględnia ryzyko nieskorzystania z rabatów przez odbiorców. W artykule przeprowadzono również pewne losowe eksperymenty za pomocą metody Monte Carlo.

Strengthening Building Retrofit Markets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Templeton, Mary; Jackson, Robert

2014-04-15

The Business Energy Financing (BEF) program offered commercial businesses in Michigan affordable financing options and other incentives designed to support energy efficiency improvements. We worked through partnerships with Michigan utilities, lenders, building contractors, trade associations, and other community organizations to offer competitive interest rates and flexible financing terms to support energy efficiency projects that otherwise would not have happened. The BEF program targeted the retail food market, including restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, and wholesale food vendors, with the goal of achieving energy efficiency retrofits for 2 percent of the target market. We offered low interest rates, flexible payments, easymore » applications and approval processes, and access to other incentives and rebates. Through these efforts, we sought to help customers strive for energy savings retrofits that would save 20 percent or more on their energy use. This program helped Michigan businesses reduce costs by financing energy efficient lighting, heating and cooling systems, insulation, refrigeration, equipment upgrades, and more. Businesses completed the upgrades with the help of our authorized contractors, and, through our lending partners, we provided affordable financing options.« less

78 FR 24271 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-24

... Rule Change To Amend the Market Maker Plus Rebate Program April 18, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1... Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change The ISE proposes to amend the Market Maker Plus rebate... following categories of market participants: (i) Market Maker; \\4\\ (ii) Market Maker Plus; (iii) [[Page...

A cash-back rebate program for healthy food purchases in South Africa: results from scanner data.

PubMed

Sturm, Roland; An, Ruopeng; Segal, Darren; Patel, Deepak

2013-06-01

Improving diet quality is a key health promotion strategy. There is much interest in the role of prices and financial incentives to encourage healthy diet, but no data from large population interventions. This study examines the effect of a price reduction for healthy food items on household grocery shopping behavior among members of South Africa's largest health plan. The HealthyFood program provides a cash-back rebate of up to 25% for healthy food purchases in over 400 designated supermarkets across all provinces in South Africa. Monthly household supermarket food purchase scanner data between 2009 and 2012 are linked to 170,000 households (60% eligible for the rebate) with Visa credit cards. Two approaches were used to control for selective participation using these panel data: a household fixed-effect model and a case-control differences-in-differences model. Rebates of 10% and 25% for healthy foods are associated with an increase in the ratio of healthy to total food expenditure by 6.0% (95% CI=5.3, 6.8) and 9.3% (95% CI=8.5, 10.0); an increase in the ratio of fruit and vegetables to total food expenditure by 5.7% (95% CI=4.5, 6.9) and 8.5% (95% CI=7.3, 9.7); and a decrease in the ratio of less desirable to total food expenditure by 5.6% (95% CI=4.7, 6.5) and 7.2% (95% CI=6.3, 8.1). Participation in a rebate program for healthy foods led to increases in purchases of healthy foods and to decreases in purchases of less-desirable foods, with magnitudes similar to estimates from U.S. time-series data. Copyright © 2013 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Cash-back Rebate Program for Healthy Food Purchases in South Africa: Selection and Program Effects in Self-reported Diet Patterns.

PubMed

An, Ruopeng; Sturm, Roland

2017-03-01

A South African insurer launched a rebate program for healthy food purchases for its members, but only available in program-designated supermarkets. To eliminate selection bias in program enrollment, we estimated the impact of subsidies in nudging the population towards a healthier diet using an instrumental variable approach. Data came from a health behavior questionnaire administered among members in the health promotion program. Individual and supermarket addresses were geocoded and differential distances from home to program-designated supermarkets versus competing supermarkets were calculated. Bivariate probit and linear instrumental variable models were performed to control for likely unobserved selection biases, employing differential distances as a predictor of program enrollment. For regular fast-food, processed meat, and salty food consumption, approximately two-thirds of the difference between participants and nonparticipants was attributable to the intervention and one-third to selection effects. For fruit/ vegetable and fried food consumption, merely one-eighth of the difference was selection. The rebate reduced regular consumption of fast food by 15% and foods high in salt/sugar and fried foods by 22%- 26%, and increased fruit/vegetable consumption by 21% (0.66 serving/day). Large population interventions are an essential complement to laboratory experiments, but selection biases require explicit attention in evaluation studies conducted in naturalistic settings.

78 FR 76677 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-18

... notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1...) The Customer \\3\\ Rebate Program in Section B; (ii) Simple Order pricing in Section I entitled Rebates... Exchange proposes to amend the Simple Order Fees for Removing Liquidity in Section I which are applicable...

Summary of 1990 Medicaid drug rebate legislation. ASHP Government Affairs Division.

PubMed

1991-01-01

Provisions of the federal Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 that are designed to control federal and state outlays for prescription drugs by requiring rebates from drug manufacturers to state Medicaid programs are described, and their potential effects on pharmacy practice in organized health-care settings are discussed. As of January 1, 1991, for a manufacturer's drug product line to be eligible for any coverage under Medicaid, the manufacturer must provide rebates to all state Medicaid programs. Health maintenance organizations are exempt from the law. Hospitals that dispense outpatient drugs to Medicaid patients under a formulary system and that bill Medicaid not more than purchase costs are exempt. The law requires no immediate action by hospitals and other organized care settings; action may be required when provisions of the law concerning drug-use review programs and patient counseling become effective. If a state enters a rebate agreement, its Medicaid plan must permit coverage of all of a manufacturer's prescription drug products, but the law does not affect formulary systems of individual health-care institutions. Formulary issues, the scope of hospital exemption, and pharmacist participation in DUR activities and patient counseling need to be clarified as state Medicaid plans are amended to comply with the law; pharmacists in organized health-care settings can best influence these changes through action at the state level.

City of Phoenix - Energize Phoenix Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laloudakis, Dimitrios J.

Energize Phoenix (EPHX) was designed as an ambitious, large-scale, three-year pilot program to provide energy efficiency upgrades in buildings, along Phoenix’s new Light Rail Corridor – part of a federal effort to reduce energy consumption and stimulate job growth, while simultaneously reducing the country’s carbon footprint and promoting a shift towards a green economy. The program was created through a 2010 competitive grant awarded to the City of Phoenix who managed the program in partnership with Arizona State University (ASU), the state’s largest university, and Arizona Public Service (APS), the state’s largest electricity provider. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)more » Better Buildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 provided $25M in funding for the EPHX program. The Light Rail Corridor runs through the heart of downtown Phoenix, making most high-rise and smaller commercial buildings eligible to participate in the EPHX program, along with a diverse mix of single and multi-family residential buildings. To ensure maximum impact and deeper market penetration, Energize Phoenix was subdivided into three unique parts: i. commercial rebate program, ii. commercial financing program, and iii. residential program Each component was managed by the City of Phoenix in partnership with APS. Phoenix was fortunate to partner with APS, which already operated robust commercial and residential rebate programs within its service territory. Phoenix tapped into the existing utility contractor network, provided specific training to over 100 contracting firms, and leveraged the APS rebate program structure (energy efficiency funding) to launch the EPHX commercial and residential rebate programs. The commercial finance program was coordinated and managed through a contract with National Bank of Arizona, NBAZ, which also provided project capital leveraging EPHX finance funds. Working in unison, approved contractors jointly produced more than 161,000 labor hours in pursuit of EPHX goals over the life of the project. Labor hours were spread among electricians, heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) technicians, marketing professionals, engineers, sales, and administrative support staff across the approved contractor workforce. Program participants received both the utility rebate along with the EPHX rebate, and depending on project size and utility rebate structure some projects resulted in low to no-cost upgrades for customers. Phoenix also partnered with ASU, a grant sub-recipient, to leverage the institution’s expertise in research and data analysis. In this partnership, ASU accepted marketing responsibilities for the grant and partnered with DRA Communications (DRA), a Phoenix-based marketing firm, to create and communicate the message out to the marketplace. The EPHX program has completed its energy upgrade activities. A review of the work completed by ASU revealed that the EPHX program substantially exceeded the program’s stated goals by retrofitting/upgrading over 33 million sq ft of commercial space (30 million sq ft goal exceeded by 11%) and 2,014 residential units (1,700 unit goal exceeded by 18%) along the Light Rail Corridor. The program helped stimulate economic growth by adding $31million to the local economy and enhanced an already robust energy efficiency contractor network. This contractor network will continue to promote utility energy incentives to sustain energy efficiency upgrade activities in the future. Finally, EPHX helped reduce participants annual energy consumption by 135 million kilowatt-hour (kWh) translating into over $12.5 million of annual energy cost avoidance for the community. This also resulted in projected payback period of 4.5 years for total investment by all parties and reduced greenhouse gas emissions by over 95,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).« less

75 FR 7644 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-22

..., by offering attractive rates and rebates with volume-based incentives. The Exchange believes the...'s continued effort to attract and enhance participation on the Exchange, by offering attractive... Commission may summarily abrogate such rule change if it appears to the Commission that such action is...

Canadian policy makers' views on pharmaceutical reimbursement contracts involving confidential discounts from drug manufacturers.

PubMed

Morgan, Steven G; Thomson, Paige A; Daw, Jamie R; Friesen, Melissa K

2013-10-01

Pharmaceutical policy makers are increasingly negotiating reimbursement contracts that include confidential price terms that may be affected by drug utilization volumes, patterns, or outcomes. Though such contracts may offer a variety of benefits, including the ability to tie payment to the actual performance of a product, they may also create potential policy challenges. Through telephone interviews about this type of contract, we studied the views of officials in nine of ten Canadian provinces. Use of reimbursement contracts involving confidential discounts is new in Canada and ideas about power and equity emerged as cross-cutting themes in our interviews. Though confidential rebates can lower prices and thereby increase coverage of new medicines, several policy makers felt they had little power in the decision to negotiate rebates. Study participants explained that the recent rise in the use of rebates had been driven by manufacturers' pricing tactics and precedent set by other jurisdictions. Several policy makers expressed concerns that confidential rebates could result in inter-jurisdictional inequities in drug pricing and coverage. Policy makers also noted un-insured and under-insured patients must pay inflated "list prices" even if rebates are negotiated by drug plans. The establishment of policies for disciplined negotiations, inter-jurisdictional cooperation, and provision of drug coverage for all citizens are potential solutions to the challenges created by this new pharmaceutical pricing paradigm. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.

A Review of US Drug Costs Relevant to Medicare, Medicaid, and Commercial Insurers Post-Affordable Care Act Enactment, 2010-2016.

PubMed

McRae, Jacquelyn; Vogenberg, F Randy; Beaty, Silky Webb; Mearns, Elizabeth; Varga, Stefan; Pizzi, Laura

2017-02-01

Since passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, US stakeholders are increasingly being held accountable for the value of healthcare services and drugs administered to patients. Pharmacoeconomic analyses offer one method of demonstrating a product's value, yet there is a lack of resources specific to US drug costs relevant to each stakeholder. The aim of this study was to review current US drug costs (post-ACA). A literature review aimed at finding evidence on outpatient prescription drug costs was performed using the following sources: PubMed, governmental agencies, news websites, the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) website, and Google Scholar. Articles were limited to those published in the years "2010-2016" and the "English" language, and those that described drug acquisition costs, reimbursement costs, and rebates or discounting for Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial payors. The Drug Cost Focus Group (DCFG) was convened to supplement the literature review; the DCFG provided their expertise on US drug costs and emerging issues affecting drug costs. ACA legislation increased drug rebates for manufacturers participating in the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. Acquisition costs commonly referred to in the literature include the wholesale acquisition cost and average manufacture price. Drugs reimbursed by Medicaid are currently based on the actual acquisition cost and ACA-Federal Upper Limit. Evidence suggests that reimbursement methods in the public market are varied. Current gaps in the literature regarding commercial insurers' drug costs (post-ACA) present barriers to the application of relevant drug costs to pharmacoeconomic analyses.

Study on Incentives for Glaucoma Medication Adherence (SIGMA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to increase glaucoma medication adherence using value pricing.

PubMed

Bilger, Marcel; Wong, Tina T; Howard, Kaye L; Lee, Jia Yi; Toh, Ai Nee; John, Geraldine; Lamoureux, Ecosse L; Finkelstein, Eric A

2016-07-15

Many glaucoma patients do not adhere to their medication regimens because they fail to internalize the (health) costs of non-adherence, which may not occur until years or decades later. Behavioural economic theory suggests that adherence rates can be improved by offering patients a near-term benefit. Our proposed strategy is to offer adherence-contingent rebates on medication and check-up costs. This form of value pricing (VP) ensures that rebates are granted only to those most likely to benefit. Moreover, by leveraging loss aversion, rebates are expected to generate a stronger behavioural response than equivalent financial rewards. The main objective of the Study on Incentives for Glaucoma Medication Adherence (SIGMA) is to test the VP approach relative to usual care (UC) in improving medication adherence. SIGMA is a randomized, controlled, open-label, single-centre superiority trial with two parallel arms. A total of 100 non-adherent (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale ≤6) glaucoma patients from the Singapore National Eye Centre are block-randomized (blocking factor: single versus multiple medications users) into the VP and UC arms in a 1:1 ratio. The treatment received by VP patients will be strictly identical to that received by UC patients, with the only exception being that VP patients can earn either a 50 % or 25 % rebate on their glaucoma-related healthcare costs conditional on being adherent on at least 90 % or 75 % of days as measured by a medication event monitoring system. Masking the arm allocation will be precluded by the behavioural nature of the intervention but blocking size will not be disclosed to protect concealment. The primary outcome is the mean change from baseline in percentage of adherent days at month 6. A day will be counted as adherent when the patients take all their medication(s) within the appropriate dosing windows. This trial will provide evidence on whether adherence-contingent rebates can improve medication adherence among non-adherent glaucoma patients, and more generally whether this approach represents a promising strategy to cost-effectively improve chronic disease management. NCT02271269 . Registered on 19 October 2014.

International best practices for negotiating 'reimbursement contracts' with price rebates from pharmaceutical companies.

PubMed

Morgan, Steven; Daw, Jamie; Thomson, Paige

2013-04-01

Reimbursement contracts, in which health insurers receive rebates from drug manufacturers instead of paying the transparent list price, are becoming increasingly common worldwide. Through interviews with policy makers in nine high-income countries, we describe the use of these contracts around the globe and identify related policy challenges and best practices. Of the nine countries surveyed, the majority routinely use confidential reimbursement contracts. This alternative to drug coverage at list prices offers benefits but is not without challenges. Payers face increased administrative costs, difficulties enforcing contracts, and reduced information about prices paid by others. Among the best practices identified, policy makers recommend establishing clear and consistent processes for negotiating contracts with relatively simple rebate structures and transparency to the public about the existence, purpose, and type of reimbursement contracts in place. Policy makers should also work to address undesirable price disparities within their countries and internationally, which may occur as a result of this new pricing paradigm.

7 CFR 246.15 - Program income other than grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... government on rebate funds for infant formula or other foods, provided that all interest earned on such funds..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS...

Savvy Money Management Can Soothe the Sting of the Arbitrage Rebate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Resnick, Michael A.

1988-01-01

For school systems, the Tax Reform Act of 1986 increased the relative cost of borrowing and put greater limits on investment opportunities. Offers tips to help school boards ask the right questions to take advantage of all possible opportunities. (MLF)

Challenges for Managed Care from 340B Contract Pharmacies.

PubMed

Fein, Adam J

2016-03-01

The federal 340B Drug Pricing Program has expanded rapidly, with important yet still unmeasured impact on both managed care practice and policies. Notably, providers increasingly rely on external, contract pharmacies to extend 340B pricing to a broad set of patients. In 2014, 1 in 4 U.S. retail, mail, and specialty pharmacy locations acted as contract pharmacies for 340B-covered entities. This commentary discusses crucial ways in which 340B growth is affecting managed care pharmacy through formulary rebates, profits from managed care paid prescriptions, disruption of retail pharmacy networks, and reduced generic dispensing rates. Managed care should become more engaged in the discussion on how the 340B program should evolve and offer policy proposals to mitigate the challenges being encountered. There is also an urgent need for objective, transparent research on the 340B program's costs, benefits, and implications for managed care pharmacy and practice.

Recharge Net Metering to Incentivize Sustainable Groundwater Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisher, A. T.; Coburn, C.; Kiparsky, M.; Lockwood, B. S.; Bannister, M.; Camara, K.; Lozano, S.

2016-12-01

Stormwater runoff has often been viewed as a nuisance rather than a resource, but with passage of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (2014), many basins in California are taking a fresh look at options to enhance groundwater supplies with excess winter flows. In some basins, stormwater can be used for managed aquifer recharge (MAR), routing surface water to enhance groundwater resources. As with many public infrastructure programs, financing for stormwater-MAR projects can be a challenge, and there is a need for incentives that will engage stakeholders and offset operation and maintenance costs. The Pajaro Valley Water Management Agency (PVWMA), in central costal California, recently launched California's first Recharge Net Metering (ReNeM) program. MAR projects that are part of the ReNeM program are intended to generate ≥100 ac-ft/yr of infiltration benefit during a normal water year. A team of university and Resource Conservation District partners will collaborate to identify and assess potential project sites, screening for hydrologic conditions, expected runoff, ease and cost of project construction, and ability to measure benefits to water supply and quality. The team will also collect data and samples to measure the performance of each operating project. Groundwater wells within the PVWMA's service area are metered, and agency customers pay an augmentation fee for each unit of groundwater pumped. ReNeM projects will earn rebates of augmentation fees based on the amount of water infiltrated, with rebates calculated using a formula that accounts for uncertainties in the fate of infiltrated water, and inefficiencies in recovery. The pilot ReNeM program seeks to contribute 1000 ac-ft/yr of infiltration benefit by the end of the initial five-year operating period. ReNeM offers incentives that are distinct from those derived from traditional groundwater banking, and thus offers the potential for an innovative addition to the portfolio of options for sustaining and improving groundwater resources. Technical, economic, and institutional uncertainties remain, and ongoing research is addressing the potential for ReNeM in the Pajaro Valley and elsewhere.

A Survey of State and Local PV Program Response to Financial Innovation and Disparate Federal Tax Treatment in the Residential PV Sector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bolinger, Mark; Holt, Edward

High up-front costs and a lack of financing options have historically been the primary barriers to the adoption of photovoltaics (PV) in the residential sector. State clean energy funds, which emerged in a number of states from the restructuring of the electricity industry in the mid-to-late 1990s, have for many years attempted to overcome these barriers through PV rebate and, in some cases, loan programs. While these programs (rebate programs in particular) have been popular, the residential PV market in the United States only started to achieve significant scale in the last five years – driven in large part bymore » an initial wave of financial innovation that led to the rise of third-party ownership.« less

Some pain, no gain: experiences with the no-claim rebate in the Dutch health care system.

PubMed

Holland, J; Van Exel, N J A; Schut, F T; Brouwer, W B F

2009-10-01

To contain expenditures in an increasingly demand driven health care system, in 2005 a no-claim rebate was introduced in the Dutch health insurance system. Since demand-side cost sharing is a very controversial issue, the no-claim rebate was launched as a consumer friendly bonus system to reward prudent utilization of health services. Internationally, the introduction of a mandatory no-claim rebate in a social health insurance scheme is unprecedented. Consumers were entitled to an annual rebate of 255 eruos if no claims were made. During the year, all health care expenses except for GP visits and maternity care were deducted from the rebate until the rebate became zero. In this article, we discuss the rationale of the no-claim rebate and the available evidence of its effect. Using a questionnaire in a convenience sample, we examined people's knowledge, attitudes, and sensitivity to the incentive scheme. We find that only 4% of respondents stated that they would reduce consumption because of the no-claim rebate. Respondents also indicated that they were willing to accept a high loss of rebate in order to use a medical treatment. However, during the last month of the year many respondents seemed willing to postpone consumption until the next year in order to keep the rebate of the current year intact. A small majority of respondents considered the no-claim rebate to be unfair. Finally, we briefly discuss why in 2008 the no-claim rebate was replaced by a mandatory deductible.

45 CFR 602.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE... disbursements. (f) Effect of program income, refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and..., grantees and subgrantees shall disburse program income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit...

20 CFR 437.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE.... (f) Effect of program income, refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees... subgrantees must disburse program income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and...

Do Medicare Advantage Plans Minimize Costs? Investigating the Relationship Between Benchmarks, Costs, and Rebates.

PubMed

Zuckerman, Stephen; Skopec, Laura; Guterman, Stuart

2017-12-01

Medicare Advantage (MA), the program that allows people to receive their Medicare benefits through private health plans, uses a benchmark-and-bidding system to induce plans to provide benefits at lower costs. However, prior research suggests medical costs, profits, and other plan costs are not as low under this system as they might otherwise be. To examine how well the current system encourages MA plans to bid their lowest cost by examining the relationship between costs and bonuses (rebates) and the benchmarks Medicare uses in determining plan payments. Regression analysis using 2015 data for HMO and local PPO plans. Costs and rebates are higher for MA plans in areas with higher benchmarks, and plan costs vary less than benchmarks do. A one-dollar increase in benchmarks is associated with 32-cent-higher plan costs and a 52-cent-higher rebate, even when controlling for market and plan factors that can affect costs. This suggests the current benchmark-and-bidding system allows plans to bid higher than local input prices and other market conditions would seem to warrant. To incentivize MA plans to maximize efficiency and minimize costs, Medicare could change the way benchmarks are set or used.

33 CFR 402.5 - New Business Incentive Program

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false New Business Incentive Program..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION TARIFF OF TOLLS § 402.5 New Business Incentive Program (a) To be eligible for the rebate applicable under the New Business Incentive Program, a carrier must submit an application...

33 CFR 402.5 - New Business Incentive Program

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false New Business Incentive Program..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION TARIFF OF TOLLS § 402.5 New Business Incentive Program (a) To be eligible for the rebate applicable under the New Business Incentive Program, a carrier must submit an application...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Rebates - Delmarva Delmarva customers are eligible for a $10,000 rebate for the purchase of a new employees can receive a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the rebate

78 FR 60966 - Self-Regulatory Organizations: Miami International Securities Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-02

.... As such, marketing fee programs,\\7\\ and customer posting incentive programs,\\8\\ are based on... its current Priority Customer Rebate Program (the ``Program'') until October 31, 2013.\\3\\ The Program... Priority Customer \\6\\ order transmitted by that Member which is executed on the Exchange in all multiply...

45 CFR 1157.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES NATIONAL... program income, refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees shall disburse... disburse program income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on...

45 CFR 1174.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES NATIONAL... program income, refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees shall disburse... disburse program income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on...

34 CFR 80.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... program income, refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees shall disburse repayments to and interest earned on a revolving fund before requesting additional cash payments for the same... disburse program income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on...

31 CFR 205.25 - How does this part apply to certain Federal assistance programs or funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... costs. Actual interest earned does not include non-cash bank earnings. If funds withdrawn from the State... interest on Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children rebates is not subject to...

A landholder-based approach to the design of private-land conservation programs.

PubMed

Moon, Katie; Cocklin, Chris

2011-06-01

Many ecosystems exist primarily, or solely, on privately owned (freehold) or managed (leasehold) land. In rural and semirural areas, local and regional government agencies are commonly responsible for encouraging landholders to conserve native vegetation and species on these private properties. Yet these agencies often lack the capacity to design and implement conservation programs tailored to rural and semirural landholdings and instead offer one program to all landholders. Landholders may elect not to participate because the program is irrelevant to their property or personal needs; consequently, vegetation-retention objectives may not be achieved. We differentiated landholders in Queensland, Australia, according to whether they derived income from the land (production landholders) or not (nonproduction landholders). We compared these two groups to identify similarities and differences that may inform the use of policy instruments (e.g., voluntary, economic, and regulatory) in conservation program design. We interviewed 45 landholders participating in three different conservation agreement programs (price-based rate [property tax] rebate; market-based tender; and voluntary, permanent covenant). Production landholders were more likely to participate in short-term programs that offered large financial incentives that applied to <25% of their property. Nonproduction landholders were more likely to participate in long-term programs that were voluntary or offered small financial incentives that applied to >75% of their property. These results may be explained by significant differences in the personal circumstances of production and nonproduction landholders (income, education, health) and differences in their norms (beliefs about how an individual is expected to act) and attitudes. Knowledge of these differences may allow for development of conservation programs that better meet the needs of landholders and thus increase participation in conservation programs and retention of native vegetation. ©2011 Society for Conservation Biology.

78 FR 5535 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... and different business model for electronic orders as opposed to open outcry orders leads the Exchange to offer a rebate in order to compete with other exchanges for electronic orders. The business models... because the competitive pressures from other exchanges in electronic orders and different business model...

Adjusting export tax rebates to reduce the environmental impacts of trade: Lessons from China.

PubMed

Song, Peng; Mao, Xianqiang; Corsetti, Gabriel

2015-09-15

Export tax rebates are an important policy instrument for stimulating exports, which many developing countries make use of. However, excessive export tax rebates and inappropriate structural arrangements can lead to over-production in highly polluting industries and cause the environment to deteriorate. This paper, taking China as the study case, tests and verifies the statistical significance of the causal relationship between export tax rebates and pollution emissions. With a computable general equilibrium modeling, the current study further analyzes the effectiveness of export tax rebate adjustments aimed at alleviating environmental pressure for different time periods. It is found that before 2003, export tax rebates primarily promoted exports and boosted foreign exchange reserves, and highly polluting sectors enjoyed above-average export tax rebates, which led to increased pollution emissions. Between 2003 and 2010, the export tax rebate system was reformed to reduce support for the highly polluting export sectors, which led to decreases in emissions. Canceling export tax rebates for highly polluting sectors is shown to be the most favorable policy choice for improving the environmental performance of China's international trade. This study can serve as reference for other developing countries which similarly rely on export tax rebates, so that they can adjust their policies so as to combine economic growth with pollution control. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

77 FR 71801 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-04

... issuers' reporting obligations (disbursement of rebates by non-federal governmental plans) was also... conducts business. Each issuer is also required to provide a rebate notice to each policyholder that is owed a rebate and each subscriber of policyholders that are owed a rebate for any given MLR reporting...

45 CFR 158.243 - De minimis rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false De minimis rebates. 158.243 Section 158.243 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Calculating and Providing the Rebate § 158.243 De...

Unintended consequences of the WIC formula rebate program on infant feeding outcomes: will the new food packages be enough?

PubMed

Jensen, Elizabeth; Labbok, Miriam

2011-06-01

Approximately half of all mothers of infants born in the United States receive services through the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Woman, Infants and Children (WIC). Although WIC promotes breastfeeding, data suggest that, despite advances in the last 2 decades, WIC participants are less likely to initiate breastfeeding, and much less likely to continue, than non-WIC participants, including the non-WIC participants who are eligible for WIC. WIC recently revised their food packages and enhanced the monetary value of the breastfeeding packages. While these changes are an important step in supporting WIC's efforts to promote breastfeeding, other major factors, such as participants' perceptions of the value of the packages and WIC's dependency on rebates from formula companies to fund a portion of the program, may dampen WIC's breastfeeding promotion and support efforts. There is great need for additional research on these issues.

78 FR 66094 - Self-Regulatory Organizations: Miami International Securities Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-04

... Priority Customer Rebate Program (the ``Program'') until November 30, 2013.\\3\\ The Program currently... Customer \\6\\ order transmitted by that Member which is executed on the Exchange in all multiply-listed... thresholds are calculated based on the customer average daily volume over the course of the month. Volume...

Citizens Utilities Company's successful residential new construction market transformation program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Caulfield, T.O.; Shepherd, M.A.

1998-07-01

Citizens Utilities Company, Arizona Electric Division (CUC/AED) fielded a Residential New Construction Program (RNC) in the forth quarter of 1994 that had been designed from conception as a market transformation program. The CUC RNC Program encouraged builders to adopt energy efficient building practices for new homes by supplying builders estimates of energy savings, supplying inspections services to assist builders in applying energy efficient building practices while verifying compliance, and posting and promoting the home as energy efficient during the sales period. Measures generally required to qualify for the program were R-38 ceiling insulation, R-21 wall insulation, polysealing of all infiltrationmore » gaps during construction, well sealed air-conditioning ducts, and an air conditioner Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (SEER) of 11.0 or greater. In less than two years the program achieved over 17% market penetration without offering rebates to builders. This paper reviews the design of the program, including a discussion of the features felt to be primarily responsible for its success. It reviews the levels of penetration achieved, free-ridership, spillover, and market barriers encountered. Finally it proposes improvements to the program designed to carry it the next step toward a self-sustaining market transformation program.« less

45 CFR 158.270 - Effect of rebate payments on solvency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., superintendent, or other responsible official may request that the Secretary defer all or a portion of the rebate... the Company Action Level RBC. (d) When the Secretary determines that the payment of rebates by an... deferral of all or a portion of the rebates owed, but only for a period determined by the Secretary in...

45 CFR 158.270 - Effect of rebate payments on solvency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., superintendent, or other responsible official may request that the Secretary defer all or a portion of the rebate... the Company Action Level RBC. (d) When the Secretary determines that the payment of rebates by an... deferral of all or a portion of the rebates owed, but only for a period determined by the Secretary in...

45 CFR 158.270 - Effect of rebate payments on solvency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., superintendent, or other responsible official may request that the Secretary defer all or a portion of the rebate... the Company Action Level RBC. (d) When the Secretary determines that the payment of rebates by an... deferral of all or a portion of the rebates owed, but only for a period determined by the Secretary in...

45 CFR 158.270 - Effect of rebate payments on solvency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., superintendent, or other responsible official may request that the Secretary defer all or a portion of the rebate... the Company Action Level RBC. (d) When the Secretary determines that the payment of rebates by an... deferral of all or a portion of the rebates owed, but only for a period determined by the Secretary in...

78 FR 11711 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-19

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Rebates To Add Liquidity in Penny Pilot Options February 12, 2013.... Specifically, NOM proposes to amend its Customer and Professional Rebates to Add Liquidity in Penny Pilot... Professional Rebates to Add Liquidity in Penny Pilot Options by adding an additional rebate tier to attract...

77 FR 56886 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-14

...'') issued pursuant to Exchange Rule 16.1(a) to introduce different Fee Schedules including liquidity adding rebates and liquidity removal fees. The Exchange proposes to adopt a Fee Schedule which allows Equity... greater than one dollar. ETP Holders can choose between a Variable Fee Schedule, which offers a liquidity...

77 FR 61800 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-11

... reflects a competitive pricing structure designed to incent market participants to direct their order flow... ROUC \\5\\ routing strategy and executes at non-exchange destinations. The pricing of Flag Q is also... qualifying for additional volume tiered pricing. The Exchange offered Members a rebate of $0.0014 per share...

75 FR 19449 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity April 7, 2010. Pursuant... transactions that take and remove liquidity in the above symbols. The Exchange also proposes to offer... increase liquidity and attract order flow in QQQQ, BAC and C options on the Exchange.\\5\\ \\5\\ The fees...

Household water use and conservation models using Monte Carlo techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cahill, R.; Lund, J. R.; DeOreo, B.; Medellín-Azuara, J.

2013-10-01

The increased availability of end use measurement studies allows for mechanistic and detailed approaches to estimating household water demand and conservation potential. This study simulates water use in a single-family residential neighborhood using end-water-use parameter probability distributions generated from Monte Carlo sampling. This model represents existing water use conditions in 2010 and is calibrated to 2006-2011 metered data. A two-stage mixed integer optimization model is then developed to estimate the least-cost combination of long- and short-term conservation actions for each household. This least-cost conservation model provides an estimate of the upper bound of reasonable conservation potential for varying pricing and rebate conditions. The models were adapted from previous work in Jordan and are applied to a neighborhood in San Ramon, California in the eastern San Francisco Bay Area. The existing conditions model produces seasonal use results very close to the metered data. The least-cost conservation model suggests clothes washer rebates are among most cost-effective rebate programs for indoor uses. Retrofit of faucets and toilets is also cost-effective and holds the highest potential for water savings from indoor uses. This mechanistic modeling approach can improve understanding of water demand and estimate cost-effectiveness of water conservation programs.

Household water use and conservation models using Monte Carlo techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cahill, R.; Lund, J. R.; DeOreo, B.; Medellín-Azuara, J.

2013-04-01

The increased availability of water end use measurement studies allows for more mechanistic and detailed approaches to estimating household water demand and conservation potential. This study uses, probability distributions for parameters affecting water use estimated from end use studies and randomly sampled in Monte Carlo iterations to simulate water use in a single-family residential neighborhood. This model represents existing conditions and is calibrated to metered data. A two-stage mixed integer optimization model is then developed to estimate the least-cost combination of long- and short-term conservation actions for each household. This least-cost conservation model provides an estimate of the upper bound of reasonable conservation potential for varying pricing and rebate conditions. The models were adapted from previous work in Jordan and are applied to a neighborhood in San Ramon, California in eastern San Francisco Bay Area. The existing conditions model produces seasonal use results very close to the metered data. The least-cost conservation model suggests clothes washer rebates are among most cost-effective rebate programs for indoor uses. Retrofit of faucets and toilets is also cost effective and holds the highest potential for water savings from indoor uses. This mechanistic modeling approach can improve understanding of water demand and estimate cost-effectiveness of water conservation programs.

78 FR 19777 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-02

... executions Electronic complex order QCC executions executions Marketing Marketing Fee/rebate Marketing charge Fee/rebate charge Fee/rebate Marketing charge Fee/rebate charge Customer $0.00 N/A $0.00 N/A $0.00 N/A... cleared by The Options Clearing Corporation (``OCC'') in the customer range, regardless of the exchange on...

Positive and normative modeling for Palmer amaranth control and herbicide resistance management.

PubMed

Frisvold, George B; Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V; Norsworthy, Jason K

2017-06-01

Dynamic optimization models are normative; they solve for what growers 'ought to do' to maximize some objective, such as long-run profits. While valuable for research, such models are difficult to solve computationally, limiting their applicability to grower resistance management education. While discussing properties of normative models in general, this study presents results of a specific positive model of herbicide resistance management, applied to Palmer amaranth control on a representative cotton farm. This positive model compares a proactive resistance management strategy to a reactive strategy with lower short-run costs, but greater risk of herbicide resistance developing. The proactive strategy can pay for itself within 1-4 years, with a yield advantage of 4% or less if the yield advantage begins within 1-2 years of adoption. Whether the proactive strategy is preferable is sensitive to resistance onset and yield losses, but less sensitive to cotton prices or baseline yields. Industry rebates to encourage residual herbicide use (to delay resistance to post-emergence treatments) may be too small to alter grower behavior or they may be paid to growers who would have used residuals anyway. Rebates change grower behavior over a relatively narrow range of model parameters. The size of rebates needed to induce a grower to adopt the proactive strategy declines significantly if growers extend their planning horizon from 1 year to 3-4 years. Whether proactive resistance management is more profitable than a reactive strategy is more sensitive to biological parameters than economic ones. Simulation results suggest growers with longer time horizons (perhaps younger ones) would be more responsive to rebate programs. More empirical work is needed to determine how much rebates increase residual use above what would occur without them. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

The effects of rebate contracts on the health care system.

PubMed

Graf, Julia

2014-06-01

Group purchasing organizations gain increasing importance with respect to the supply of pharmaceutical products and frequently use multiple, exclusive or partially exclusive rebate contracts to exercise market power. Based on a Hotelling model of horizontal and vertical product differentiation, we examine the controversy around whether a superior rebate scheme exists, as far as consumer surplus, firms' profits and total welfare are concerned. We find that firms clearly prefer partially exclusive over multiple, and multiple over exclusive rebate contracts. In contrast, no rebate form exists that lowers total costs per se for the consumers or maximizes total welfare.

An Evaluation of the AirCare Program Based on Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bi, Hsiaotao T.; Wang, Dianle

2006-01-01

A cost-benefit analysis of the AirCare program in the province of British Columbia on the basis of emissions cost factors from the literature showed a benefit outweighing the cost. Furthermore, a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the AirCare program with a hybrid-car rebate program revealed that the AirCare program is more effective in…

26 CFR 1.482-3 - Methods to determine taxable income in connection with a transfer of tangible property.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... range. (4) Examples. The principles of this paragraph (b) are illustrated by the following examples..., marketing, advertising programs and services, (including promotional programs, rebates, and co-op... sold and operating expenses. (4) Examples. The following examples illustrate the principles of this...

Final Technical Report: Commercial Advanced Lighting Control (ALC) Demonstration and Deployment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arnold, Gabe

This three-year demonstration and deployment project sought to address market barriers to accelerating the adoption of Advanced Lighting Controls (ALCs), an underutilized technology with low market penetration. ALCs are defined as networked, addressable lighting control systems that utilize software or intelligent controllers to combine multiple energy-saving lighting control strategies in a single space (e.g., smart-time scheduling, daylight harvesting, task tuning, occupancy control, personal control, variable load-shedding, and plug-load control). The networked intelligent aspect of these systems allows applicable lighting control strategies to be combined in a single space, layered over one another, maximizing overall energy-savings. The project included five realmore » building demonstrations of ALCs across the Northeast US region. The demonstrations provided valuable data and experience to support deployment tasks that are necessary to overcome market barriers. These deployment tasks included development of training resources for building designers, installers, and trades, as well as development of new energy efficiency rebates for the technology from Efficiency Forward’s utility partners. Educating designers, installers, and trades on ALCs is a critical task for reducing the cost of the technology that is currently inflated due to perceived complexity and unfamiliarity with how to design and install the systems. Further, utility and non-utility energy efficiency programs continue to relegate the technology to custom or ill-suited prescriptive program designs that do not effectively deploy the technology at scale. This project developed new, scalable rebate approaches for the technology. Efficiency Forward utilized their DesignLights Consortium® (DLC) brand and network of 81 DLC member utilities to develop and deploy the results of the project. The outputs of the project have included five published case studies, a six-hour ALC technology training curriculum that has already been deployed in five US states, and new rebates offered for the technology that have been deployed by a dozen utilities across the US. Widespread adoption of ALC technology in commercial buildings would provide tremendous benefits. The current market penetration of ALC systems is estimated at <0.1% in commercial buildings. If ALC systems were installed in all commercial buildings, approximately 1,051 TBtu of energy could be saved. This would translate into customer cost savings of approximately $10.7 billion annually.« less

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

All-Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate - Eversource Eversource customers are eligible for a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the rebate, customers must show a copy of a

77 FR 2579 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-18

... not be, for example, two 500- contract orders or two 500-contract legs. See Rule 1064(e). See also...), and Floor QCC Orders, as defined in 1064(e). The Exchange proposes to offer a tiered rebate structure... 1064 when such members are trading in their own proprietary account. QCC Transaction Fees are included...

45 CFR 158.244 - Unclaimed rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Unclaimed rebates. An issuer must make a good faith effort to locate and deliver to an enrollee any rebate required under this Part. If, after making a good faith effort, an issuer is unable to locate a former...

45 CFR 158.244 - Unclaimed rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Unclaimed rebates. An issuer must make a good faith effort to locate and deliver to an enrollee any rebate required under this Part. If, after making a good faith effort, an issuer is unable to locate a former...

45 CFR 158.244 - Unclaimed rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Unclaimed rebates. An issuer must make a good faith effort to locate and deliver to an enrollee any rebate required under this Part. If, after making a good faith effort, an issuer is unable to locate a former...

45 CFR 158.244 - Unclaimed rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Unclaimed rebates. An issuer must make a good faith effort to locate and deliver to an enrollee any rebate required under this Part. If, after making a good faith effort, an issuer is unable to locate a former...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Rebates - Delmarva Power Delmarva customers are eligible for a $10,000 rebate for the purchase of a eligible employees can receive a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

BGE Baltimore Gas and Electric (BGE) customers are eligible for a $10,000 rebate for the purchase employees can receive a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the rebate

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Biodiesel Rebates - Kansas Soybean Commission Kansas residents are eligible for a rebate from the Kansas Soybean Commission of up to $2,000 for fleets ($200 for individuals), for using biodiesel blends Energy Center Biodiesel Rebate website

Outcomes-based Pricing Program Puts Money in Beneficiaries' Pockets.

PubMed

Silverman, Ed

2017-08-01

Harvard Pilgrim's program gives rebates to beneficiaries if Repatha doesn't help them avoid a heart attack or stroke. It's just the latest in a growing number of outcomes-based pricing agreements in which an insurer can get a discount from a drugmaker if a drug doesn't help patients as much as expected.

77 FR 5317 - Medicaid Program; Covered Outpatient Drugs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-02

... section 1927(b)(1)(C) to the Act to make changes to the non-Federal share of rebates by specifying that... prescription (except as discussed below with respect to certain non-prescription drugs), and it meets the...

75 FR 54407 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-07

... the ability for an SLP to earn a rebate if it maintains a quote at the National Best Bid (``NBB'') or National Best Offer (``NBO'') an average of 3% in an assigned SLP security. Instead, an SLP would be... Exchange also proposes to clarify which mnemonics that a member organization may use for the SLP trading...

Making WaterSense in Charlottesville

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

From a 5K race to $100 toilet rebates to an “Imagine a Day without Water” campaign, the City of Charlottesville, Virginia, is a leader in working with EPA’s WaterSense program to promote water conservation and resource stewardship.

5 CFR 1315.8 - Rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rebates. 1315.8 Section 1315.8 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB DIRECTIVES PROMPT PAYMENT § 1315.8 Rebates. Agencies shall determine governmentwide commercial purchase card payment dates based on an analysis of the total...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Pepco Pepco customers are eligible for a $10,000 rebate for the purchase of a new BMW i3 or i3s receive a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the rebate, show proof of

State solar initiatives. Volume 1: A review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koontz, R.; Neuendorffer, J.; Green, B.; Gordon, N.; Myring, G.; Perwin, E.; Poster, B.; Small, D.; Myring, L.

1981-09-01

The impacts of solar energy programs undertaken in California, Florida, New Mexico, Minnesota, and New York are reviewed. Initiatives were explored: information outreach activities; consumer protection programs including standards, testing, certification, warranties, licensing, and consumer complaint offices; and tax credits and rebates. The experience in these five states is analyzed and conclusions and recommendations that will assist state governments in improving or launching their own programs are presented.

75 FR 34499 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-17

... maker/taker pricing program. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web... qualification standards for market makers to receive a rebate under the Exchange's maker/taker pricing program... trading month for series trading between $0.03 and $5.00 in premium. \\8\\ The concept of incenting market...

78 FR 75629 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Miami International Securities Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-12

... Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change To Amend the MIAX Fee Schedule December 6, 2013. Pursuant to the... Priority Customer Rebate Program (the ``Program'') to (i) lower the volume thresholds of the four highest... thresholds in a month as described below. The volume thresholds are calculated based on the customer average...

75 FR 34074 - Postal Pricing Methods

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-16

... Methods AGENCY: Postal Regulatory Commission. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: The... price sensitivity (elasticity) to volumes actually mailed during the rebate program. This method is... indicated by the market elasticity. Mitchell Comments at 4-6. Postal Service method. In its data collection...

42 CFR 422.266 - Beneficiary rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., which may include the reduction of cost sharing for benefits under original Medicare and additional... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Beneficiary rebates. 422.266 Section 422.266 Public...) Supplemental health care benefits. MA organizations may apply all or some portion of the rebate for a plan...

78 FR 56841 - Arbitrage Rebate Overpayments on Tax-Exempt Bonds

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

... Arbitrage Rebate Overpayments on Tax-Exempt Bonds AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION... regulations that provide guidance on the recovery of overpayments of arbitrage rebate on tax- exempt bonds and other tax-advantaged bonds. These proposed regulations provide the deadline for filing a claim for an...

75 FR 9026 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 8038-T

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-26

... 8038-T AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments... Form 8038-T, Arbitrage Rebate and Penalty in Lieu of Arbitrage Rebate. DATES: Written comments should... Arbitrage Rebate. OMB Number: 1545-1219. Form Number: 8038-T. Abstract: Form 8038-T is used by issuers of...

77 FR 20023 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-03

... issue not included in issuers' reporting obligations (disbursement of rebates by non-federal... which the issuer conducts business. Each issuer is also required to provide a rebate notice to each enrollee that is due a rebate payment for any given MLR reporting year. Additionally, each issuer is...

77 FR 3308 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-23

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity January 18, 2012. Pursuant... transaction fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is... and rebates to market participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees...

FPL official Laseter presents Center Director Bridges with a rebate check at KSC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Larry Laseter (left), vice president of Sales and Marketing for the Florida Power & Light (FPL) Company, presents Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Director Roy Bridges Jr., with a rebate check for $195,000, recognizing KSC's commitment to reducing overall energy consumption and costs now and in the future. The energy savings realized by KSC come as a direct result of installing new chilled water systems hardware in the KSC Industrial Area Chiller Plant. KSC has received FPL rebates for its energy-saving efforts since 1993, but this check is the largest single-project rebate to date.

26 CFR 1.148-3 - General arbitrage rebate rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... at the end of any period is determined using the economic accrual method and equals the value of that..., when added to the future value, as of the computation date, of previous rebate payments made for the... any date, the rebate amount for an issue is the excess of the future value, as of that date, of all...

26 CFR 1.148-3 - General arbitrage rebate rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... at the end of any period is determined using the economic accrual method and equals the value of that..., when added to the future value, as of the computation date, of previous rebate payments made for the... any date, the rebate amount for an issue is the excess of the future value, as of that date, of all...

26 CFR 1.148-3 - General arbitrage rebate rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... at the end of any period is determined using the economic accrual method and equals the value of that..., when added to the future value, as of the computation date, of previous rebate payments made for the... any date, the rebate amount for an issue is the excess of the future value, as of that date, of all...

26 CFR 1.148-3 - General arbitrage rebate rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... at the end of any period is determined using the economic accrual method and equals the value of that..., when added to the future value, as of the computation date, of previous rebate payments made for the... any date, the rebate amount for an issue is the excess of the future value, as of that date, of all...

78 FR 41455 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Penny Pilot Option Rebates To Add Liquidity July 3, 2013. Pursuant to... proposes to amend certain Customer,\\3\\ Professional \\4\\ and NOM Market Maker \\5\\ Rebates to Add Liquidity..., Professional and NOM Market Maker Penny Pilot Options Rebates to Add Liquidity and make other technical...

75 FR 13618 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-22

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity March 12, 2010. Pursuant to... fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. While changes to the Fee Schedule pursuant to this... to the fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. Currently, single contra-side orders that...

77 FR 74699 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-17

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity December 11, 2012. Pursuant to... Schedule entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols'' in order to... Adding Liquidity from $0.30 to $0.32 per contract, (2) create a new Complex Order Rebate for Removing...

77 FR 15400 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-15

... Change Relating to Complex Order Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols...'s Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' by... Schedule, entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols.'' \\4\\ \\3\\ A...

76 FR 11550 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-02

... PHLX LLC Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols February 24... of the Exchange's Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select...\\ applicable to the Exchange's Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section...

Discounts and rebates granted to public payers for medicines in European countries

PubMed Central

Vogler, Sabine; Zimmermann, Nina; Habl, Claudia; Piessnegger, Jutta; Bucsics, Anna

2012-01-01

Objective: The objective of this study was to provide an overview about the existence and types of discounts and rebates granted to public payers by the pharmaceutical industry in European countries. Methods: Data were collected via a questionnaire in spring 2011. Officials from public authorities for pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement represented in the PPRI (Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement Information) network provided the information and reviewed the compilation. Results: Information is available from 31 European countries. Discounts and rebates granted to public payers by pharmaceutical industry were reported for 25 European countries. Such discounts exist both in the in- and out-patient sectors in 21 countries and in the in-patient sector only in four countries. Six countries reported not having any regulations or agreements regarding the discounts and rebates granted by industry. The most common discounts and rebates are price reductions and refunds linked to sales volume but types such as in-kind support, price-volume and risk-sharing agreements are also in place. A mix of various types of discounts and rebates is common. Many of these arrangements are confidential. Differences regarding types, the organizational and legal framework, validity and frequency of updates and the amount of the discounts and rebates granted exist among the surveyed countries. Conclusions: In Europe, discounts and rebates on medicines granted by pharmaceutical industry to public payers are common tools to contain public pharmaceutical expenditure. They appear to be used as a complimentary measure when price regulation does not achieve the desired results and in the few European countries with no or limited price regulation. The confidential character of many of these arrangements impedes transparency and may lead to a distortion of medicines prices. An analysis of the impact on these measures is recommended. PMID:23093898

77 FR 22624 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-16

... proposes to amend its Price List to raise the Supplemental Liquidity Provider (``SLP'') rebate and raise..., the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to amend its Price List to raise the SLP rebate and raise the NYSE CSII rate and fee cap. The Exchange proposes to raise the SLP rebate from $0...

77 FR 40136 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... add or remove liquidity in the Complex Order Book (``maker/taker fees and rebates'') in a number of... Book and receive a base rebate of $0.32 per contract (and may receive a rebate of up to $0.345 per... the Complex Order Book. \\4\\ The term ``Market Makers'' refers to ``Competitive Market Makers'' and...

75 FR 76767 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated: Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Relating to Amendment of the Hybrid Agency Liaison Step-Up Rebate December... Agency Liaison (``HAL'') step-up rebate. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the... provides a rebate to market-makers that ``step-up'' and trade all or part of certain orders on the HAL...

77 FR 40688 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-10

... Chapter XV, Section 2 entitled ``BX Options Market--Fees and Rebates'' to adopt rebates and fees relating... approval to operate a new options market.\\3\\ The new market, called NASDAQ OMX BX Options, or BX Options... rebates and fees for Customers, BX Options Market Makers \\4\\ and Non-Customers \\5\\ in various options \\6...

77 FR 56883 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-14

... Chapter XV, Section 2 entitled ``BX Options Market--Fees and Rebates'' to amend rebates and fees relating... Chapter XV, Section 2(1) to amend rebates and fees for Customers, BX Options Market Makers \\3\\ and Non... below,\\6\\ as follows: \\3\\ A BX Options Market Makers must be registered as such pursuant to Chapter VII...

76 FR 78322 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-16

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols December 12, 2011... order Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section I, Part A of the... of the Fee Schedule, entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicle Rebates Clean Vehicle and Infrastructure Grants Clean Fleet Grants Clean School Bus Program Clean Vehicle Replacement Vouchers Diesel Fuel Blend Tax Exemption Idle Reduction Weight Exemption Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) Weight Exemption Utility/Private Incentives Plug-In

76 FR 78712 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-19

...\\ of the Fee Schedule. Currently, the Exchange pays a rebate of $0.05 per contract for all executed eQCC Orders. Today, the Exchange does not pay a rebate for Floor QCC Orders. The Exchange proposes to pay a rebate of $0.07 per contract for all executed eQCC Orders and Floor QCC Orders with some...

78 FR 1293 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-08

... Relating to Non-Penny Pilot Options Fees January 2, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities...--Fees and Rebates'' to adopt fees and rebates for Non-Penny Pilot Options.\\3\\ \\3\\ Non-Penny Pilot refers... XV, Section 2(1) to adopt fees and rebates for Customers, BX Options Market Makers \\4\\ and Non...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicle Rebates The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ ) administers the Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Purchase or Lease Incentive Program for the purchase or lease of a new light-duty vehicle powered by compressed natural gas (CNG), propane, hydrogen, or electricity. CNG

Quantifying the Impacts of Timebased Rates, Enabling Technology, and Other Treatments in Consumer Behavior Studies: Protocols and Guidelines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cappers, Peter; Todd, Annika; Perry, Michael

2013-06-27

This report offers guidelines and protocols for measuring the effects of time-based rates, enabling technology, and various other treatments on customers’ levels and patterns of electricity usage. Although the focus is on evaluating consumer behavior studies (CBS) that involve field trials and pilots, the methods can be extended to assessing the large-scale programs that may follow. CBSs are undertaken to resolve uncertainties and ambiguities about how consumers respond to inducements to modify their electricity demand. Those inducements include price structures; feedback and information; and enabling technologies embedded in programs such as: critical peak, time-of use, real-time pricing; peak time rebatemore » or critical peak rebate; home energy reports and in-home displays; and all manner of device controls for appliances and plug loads. Although the focus of this report is on consumer studies—where the subjects are households—the behavioral sciences principles discussed and many of the methods recommended apply equally to studying commercial and industrial customer electricity demand.« less

The Medicaid Rebate: Changes in Oncology Drug Prices After the Affordable Care Act.

PubMed

Bonakdar Tehrani, Ali; Carroll, Norman V

2017-08-01

Prescription drug spending is a significant component of Medicaid total expenditures. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes a provision that increases the Medicaid rebate for both brand-name and generic drugs. This study examines the extent to which oncology drug prices changed after the increase in the Medicaid rebate in 2010. A pre-post study design was used to evaluate the correlation between the Medicaid rebate increase and oncology drug prices after 2010 using 2006-2013 State Drug Utilization Data. The results show that the average annual price of top-selling cancer drugs in 2006, adjusted for inflation and secular changes in drug prices, have increased by US$154 and US$235 for branded and competitive brand drugs, respectively, following the 2010 ACA; however, generic oncology drug prices showed no significant changes. The findings from this study indicate that oncology drug prices have increased after the 2010 ACA, and suggest that pharmaceutical companies may have increased their drug prices to offset increases in Medicaid rebates.

Alabama SEP Final Technical Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grimes, Elizabeth M.

Executive Summary In the fall of 2010, the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA) launched the Multi-State Model for Catalyzing the National Home Energy Retrofit Market Project (Multi-State Project). This residential energy efficiency pilot program was a collaborative effort among the states of Alabama, Massachusetts, Virginia, and Washington, and was funded by competitive State Energy Program (SEP) awards through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The objective of this project was to catalyze the home energy efficiency retrofit market in select areas within the state of Alabama. To achieve this goal, the project addressed a variety of marketplacemore » elements that did not exist, or were underdeveloped, at the outset of the effort. These included establishing minimum standards and credentials for marketplace suppliers, educating and engaging homeowners on the benefits of energy efficiency and addressing real or perceived financial barriers to investments in whole-home energy efficiency, among others. The anticipated effect of the activities would be increased market demand for retrofits, improved audit to retrofit conversion rates and growth in overall community understanding of energy efficiency. The four-state collaborative was created with the intent of accelerating market transformation by allowing each state to learn from their peers, each of whom possessed different starting points, resources, and strategies for achieving the overall objective. The four partner states engaged the National Association of State Energy Officials (NASEO) to oversee a project steering committee and to manage the project evaluation for all four states. The steering committee, comprised of key program partners, met on a regular basis to provide overall project coordination, guidance, and progress assessment. While there were variances in program design among the states, there were several common elements: use of the Energy Performance Score (EPS) platform; an audit and home energy rating tool; emphasis on community based coordination and partnerships; marketing and outreach to increase homeowner participation; training for market actors; access to financing options including rebates, incentives, and loan products; and an in depth process evaluation to support continual program improvement and analysis. In Alabama, Nexus Energy Center operated energy efficiency retrofit programs in Huntsville and Birmingham. In the Huntsville community the AlabamaWISE program was available in five Alabama counties: Cullman, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, and Morgan. In Birmingham, the program was available to residents in Jefferson and Shelby Counties. In both communities, the program was similar in terms of program design but tailored marketing and partnerships to address the unique local conditions and population of each community. ADECA and the Southeast Energy Efficiency Alliance (SEEA) provided overall project management services and common resources to the local program administrator Nexus Energy Center, including contracted services for contractor training, quality assurance testing, data collection and reporting, and compliance. The fundamental components of the AlabamaWISE program included a vertical contractor-based business model; comprehensive energy assessments; third-party quality assurance; rebates for installation of energy saving measures; accessible, low-interest financing; targeted and inbound marketing; Energy Performance Score (EPS) tool to engage and educate homeowners; training for auditors, contractors, and real estate professionals; and online resources for education and program enrollment. Program participants were eligible to receive rebates or financing toward the assessments and upgrades to their home provided they reached at least 20 percent deemed or modeled energy savings. The design of each program focused on addressing several known barriers including: limited homeowner knowledge on the benefits of energy efficiency, lack of financing options, lack of community support for energy efficiency programs, and lack of trained market actors including contractors and real estate professionals. The programs were able to make progress on addressing all of these barriers and were most successful in offering financing options and training market actors. The most challenging barriers proved to be the act of building a market for energy efficiency where none previously existed, convincing homeowners of the value in investing in energy efficiency (and therefore completing retrofits), engaging electric and natural gas utilities to partner on delivery, and achieving the overall project target of 1,365 completed retrofits. The components that proved to be the most valuable to program success were engaged contractor networks that could promote and endorse the program, partnerships with local business and organizations, and the access to rebates, incentives and financing mechanisms. The programs were successful in building relationships with a variety of community participants including: local contractors, Associations of REALTORS, home builders associations, universities, utilities, local and state governments, and other non-profit organizations. Throughout this program, 933 building audits and 795 building retrofits were completed making homes in Alabama more comfortable, less expensive to operate, more valuable to the marketplace, and safer and healthier for families. Continuing on this momentum, Nexus Energy Center plans to continue operating and expanding operations in Alabama as a Home Performance with ENERGY STAR sponsor and will continue to provide energy services and education to communities in Alabama.« less

How rebates, copayments, and administration costs affect the cost-effectiveness of osteoporosis therapies.

PubMed

Ferko, Nicole C; Borisova, Natalie; Airia, Parisa; Grima, Daniel T; Thompson, Melissa F

2012-11-01

Because of rising drug expenditures, cost considerations have become essential, necessitating the requirement for cost-effectiveness analyses for managed care organizations (MCOs). The study objective is to examine the impact of various drug-cost components, in addition to wholesale acquisition cost (WAC), on the cost-effectiveness of osteoporosis therapies. A Markov model of osteoporosis was used to exemplify different drug cost scenarios. We examined the effect of varying rebates for oral bisphosphonates--risedronate and ibandronate--as well as considering the impact of varying copayments and administration costs for intravenous zoledronate. The population modeled was 1,000 American women, > or = 50 years with osteoporosis. Patients were followed for 1 year to reflect an annual budget review of formularies by MCOs. The cost of therapy was based on an adjusted WAC, and is referred to as net drug cost. The total annual cost incurred by an MCO for each drug regimen was calculated using the net drug cost and fracture cost. We estimated cost on a quality adjusted life year (QALY) basis. When considering different rebates, results for risedronate versus ibandronate vary from cost-savings (i.e., costs less and more effective) to approximately $70,000 per QALY. With no risedronate rebate, an ibandronate rebate of approximately 65% is required before cost per QALY surpasses $50,000. With rebates greater than 25% for risedronate, irrespective of ibandronate rebates, results become cost-saving. Results also showed the magnitude of cost savings to the MCO varied by as much as 65% when considering no administration cost and the highest coinsurance rate for zoledronate. Our study showed that cost-effectiveness varies considerably when factors in addition to the WAC are considered. This paper provides recommendations for pharmaceutical manufacturers and MCOs when developing and interpreting such analyses.

A Time for Priorities: Financing the Schools for the 70's.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

This document contains papers on: (1) proposals for national foundation programs; (2) state support of education; (3) tax reform at Federal, state, and local levels; and (4) contemporary problems in school finance, including equal educational opportunity, urban school finance, grants-in-aid, Federal income tax rebates to the States, voter behavior…

Alternative Fuels Data Center: State Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle

Science.gov Websites

2014 to 2015, the number of tax incentives decreased. Significantly, Georgia repealed its successful tax incentive program. Aside from political and budgetary drivers, the decrease in new tax incentives see their savings more immediately (e.g., rebates, vouchers), rather than waiting until tax season

The social marketing of safety behaviors: a quasi-randomized controlled trial of tractor retrofitting incentives.

PubMed

Sorensen, Julie A; Jenkins, Paul L; Emmelin, Maria; Stenlund, Hans; Weinehall, Lars; Earle-Richardson, Giulia B; May, John J

2011-04-01

We assessed the effect of social marketing incentives on dispositions toward retrofitting and retrofitting behavior among farmers whose tractors lacked rollover protective structures. From 2006 to 2007, we conducted a quasi-randomized controlled trial with 391 farm owners in New York and Pennsylvania surveyed before and after exposure to 1 of 3 tractor retrofitting incentive combinations. These combinations were offered in 3 trial regions; region 1 received rebates; region 2 received rebates, messages, and promotion and was considered the social marketing region; and region 3 received messages and promotion. A fourth region served as a control. The social marketing region generated the greatest increases in readiness to retrofit, intentions to retrofit, and message recall. In addition, postintervention stage of change, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control levels were higher among farmers who had retrofitted tractors. Our results showed that a social marketing approach (financial incentives, tailored messages, and promotion) had the greatest influence on message recall, readiness to retrofit tractors, and intentions to retrofit tractors and that behavioral measures were fairly good predictors of tractor retrofitting behaviors.

Medicare rebate for specialist medical practitioners from physiotherapy referrals: analysis of the potential impact on the Australian healthcare system.

PubMed

Byrnes, Joshua M; Comans, Tracy A

2015-02-01

Abstract To identify and examine the likely impact on referrals to specialist medical practitioners, cost to government and patient out-of-pocket costs by providing a rebate under the Medicare Benefits Scheme to patients who attend a specialist medical practitioner upon referral direct from a physiotherapist. A model was constructed to synthesise the costs and benefits of referral with a rebate. Data to inform the model was obtained from administrative sources and from a direct survey of physiotherapists. Given that six referrals per month are made by physiotherapists for a specialist consultation, allowing direct referral to medical specialists and providing patients with a Medicare rebate would result in a likely cost saving to the government ofup to $13 million per year. A range of sensitivity analyses were conducted with all scenarios resulting in some cost savings. The impact of the proposed policy shift to allow direct referral of patients by physiotherapists to specialist medical practitioners and provide patients with a Medicare rebate would be cost saving.

The Brazilian Aerospace Industry: A Cast Study of the Technological Impact of Offset Agreements in a Recipient Industry

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

Special Export Programs, Comissco de Beneficios Fiscais e Programas Especiais de Exportagdo - BEFIEX. This program allows the rebate of tariff and...development became a specific policy objective. The 1968-69 Development Plan, Programa Estrat6gico de Desenvolvimento (PED), defined an explicit...Comunicagdo de Programa de Aquisigdo - CPA) containing: object, quantity, delivery time, value, nature, and other basic elements of contracting. To comply

Measuring the costs and benefits of conservation programs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Einhorn, M.A.

1985-07-25

A step-by-step analysis of the effects of utility-sponsored conservation promoting programs begins by identifying several factors which will reduce a program's effectiveness. The framework for measuring cost savings and designing a conservation program needs to consider the size of appliance subsidies, what form incentives should take, and how will customer behavior change as a result of incentives. Continual reevaluation is necessary to determine whether to change the size of rebates or whether to continue the program. Analytical tools for making these determinations are improving as conceptual breakthroughs in econometrics permit more rigorous analysis. 5 figures.

The role of gas heat pumps in electric DSM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fulmer, M.; Hughes, P. J.

1993-05-01

Natural gas-fired heat pumps (GHP's), an emerging technology, may offer environmental economic, and energy benefits relative to standard and advanced space conditioning equipment now on the market. This paper describes an analysis of GHP's for residential space heating, and cooling relative to major competing technologies under an Integrated Resource (IRP) framework. Our study models a hypothetical GHP rebate program using conditions typical of the Great Lakes region. The analysis is performed for a base scenario with sensitivity cases. In the base scenario, the GHP program is cost-effective according to the societal test, total resource cost test (TRC), and the participant test, but is not cost-effective according to the non-participant test. The sensitivity analyses indicate that the results for the TRC test are most sensitive to the season in which electric demand peaks and the technology against which the GHP's are competing, and are less sensitive to changes in the marginal administrative costs. The modeled GHP program would save 900 million kWh over the life of the program and reduce peak load by about 100 MW in winter and about 135 MW in summer. We estimate all of the GHP's in service (both GHP's of program participants and nonparticipants) in the case study region would save 1,900 million kWh and reduce summer peak load by over 350 MW.

75 FR 81278 - Medicare Program: Solicitation of Comments Regarding Development of a Recovery Audit Contractor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-27

... Director.) Specific conflict of interest rules that should apply to RACs for the Medicare Parts C and D... Remuneration (DIR). The DIR information reported by plans includes rebates paid by pharmaceutical manufacturers, as well as other remuneration received by the plan that has the effect of reducing their drug costs...

77 FR 69519 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-19

... the Commission on the effects of the programs on bid-ask spreads, depth of liquidity at the inside..., NASDAQ will provide an enhanced liquidity provider rebate with respect to displayed liquidity-providing... liquidity provided to which a particular rate applies. A member will receive an NBBO Setter Incentive credit...

KSC-97PC1297

NASA Image and Video Library

1997-08-27

Larry Laseter (left), vice president of Sales and Marketing for the Florida Power & Light (FPL) Company, presents Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Director Roy Bridges Jr., with a rebate check for $195,000, recognizing KSC's commitment to reducing overall energy consumption and costs now and in the future. The energy savings realized by KSC come as a direct result of installing new chilled water systems hardware in the KSC Industrial Area Chiller Plant. KSC has received FPL rebates for its energy-saving efforts since 1993, but this check is the largest single-project rebate to date

Estimating the impact of the medical loss ratio rule: a state-by-state analysis.

PubMed

Hall, Mark A; McCue, Michael J

2012-04-01

One of the most visible consumer protections in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is the requirement that health insurers pay out at least 80 percent to 85 percent of premium dollars for medical care expenses. Insurers that pay out less than this minimum "medical loss ratio" (MLR) must rebate the difference to their policyholders, starting in 2011. Using insurers' MLR data from 2010, this issue brief estimates the rebates expected in each state if the new rules had been in effect a year earlier. Nationally, consumers would have received almost $2 billion of rebates if the new MLR rules had been in effect in 2010. Almost $1 billion would be in the individual market, where rebates would go to 5.3 million people nationally. Another $1 billion would go to policies covering about 10 million people in the small- and large-group markets.

78 FR 61413 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-03

... Change To Adopt a Market Data Revenue Rebates Program September 27, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of... Fees and Assessments (the ``Fee Schedule'') by adopting Section P to implement the Market Data Revenue... Exchange proposes to amend its Fee Schedule to adopt Section P to implement the Market Data Revenue (``MDR...

75 FR 66813 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-29

... sponsorship arrangement for purposes of receiving access to the Exchange system. The Sponsored User Program is... customer orders, and $0.40 for all other users (including Professional Customers). The maker rebate will be $0.15 per contract for C2 Market- Makers, $0.00 for public customers, and $0.10 for all other users...

76 FR 41546 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; BATS Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-14

... NBBO Setter Rebate for BYX). An order that is entered at the most aggressive price both on the Exchange... Setter Program without regard to whether a more aggressive order is entered prior to the original order...-displayed orders that are not executable at their most aggressive price to be executed at one-half minimum...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

for the purchase of a new BMW i3 or i3s. Rebates are available through July 31, 2018. To receive the purchase of a new 2018 Nissan LEAF. To receive the rebate, show proof of Atlantic City Electric employment

The Social Marketing of Safety Behaviors: A Quasi–Randomized Controlled Trial of Tractor Retrofitting Incentives

PubMed Central

Jenkins, Paul L.; Emmelin, Maria; Stenlund, Hans; Weinehall, Lars; Earle-Richardson, Giulia B.; May, John J.

2011-01-01

Objectives. We assessed the effect of social marketing incentives on dispositions toward retrofitting and retrofitting behavior among farmers whose tractors lacked rollover protective structures. Methods. From 2006 to 2007, we conducted a quasi–randomized controlled trial with 391 farm owners in New York and Pennsylvania surveyed before and after exposure to 1 of 3 tractor retrofitting incentive combinations. These combinations were offered in 3 trial regions; region 1 received rebates; region 2 received rebates, messages, and promotion and was considered the social marketing region; and region 3 received messages and promotion. A fourth region served as a control. Results. The social marketing region generated the greatest increases in readiness to retrofit, intentions to retrofit, and message recall. In addition, postintervention stage of change, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control levels were higher among farmers who had retrofitted tractors. Conclusions. Our results showed that a social marketing approach (financial incentives, tailored messages, and promotion) had the greatest influence on message recall, readiness to retrofit tractors, and intentions to retrofit tractors and that behavioral measures were fairly good predictors of tractor retrofitting behaviors. PMID:21330581

78 FR 26677 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-07

... rebate, Customer to Customer QCC trades will not qualify for any rebate as such a transaction nets the...Viewer.asp?selectednode=chp_1_4&manual=%2Fnasdaqomxphlx%2Fphlx%2Fphlx-rulesbrd%2F . 2. Statutory Basis...

78 FR 63564 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 8038-R

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-24

... 8038-R AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments... Form 8038-R, Request for Recovery of Overpayments Under Arbitrage Rebate Provisions. DATES: Written... Rebate Provisions. OMB Number: 1545-1750. Form Number: 8038-R. Abstract: Under Treasury Regulations...

Combined incentives versus no-incentive exercise programs on objectively measured physical activity and health-related variables.

PubMed

Fennell, Curtis; Gerhart, Hayden; Seo, Yongsuk; Hauge, Kimberly; Glickman, Ellen L

2016-09-01

Incentivized exercise program interventions have recently led to mixed findings with regard to increasing physical activity, attendance, and improving healthy lifestyles. However, in this area limited research exists on implementing a combined negative reinforcement strategy, using a "buy-in" and positive reinforcement system. To determine the effect of comparing a non-incentivized reward system with an incentivized reward system using combined positive and negative rewards on physical activity, attendance, and health and performance outcomes. 15 Previously sedentary faculty and staff of a large public research university participated in two separate 12-week exercise interventions and wore a program accelerometer throughout the entire day during the 12weeks. During the first intervention, there were no incentives offered to participants. The second intervention consisted of an incentivized program. Positive reinforcements included various rewards for meeting achievements related to physical activity levels. A program rebate worth $25 for achieving 450miles was used as the negative reinforcement "buy-in" incentive. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated a main effect of time for percent body fat (p<0.001) and push-ups (p=0.018). All other variables revealed no differences between conditions or from pre to post testing. There was no difference between conditions with physical activity or attendance. No differences in physical activity or health-related variables were found within the incentivized and non-incentivized conditions. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Global Review of Incentive Programs to Accelerate Energy-Efficient Appliances and Equipment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

de la Rue du Can, Stephane; Phadke, Amol; Leventis, Greg

Incentive programs are an essential policy tool to move the market toward energy-efficient products. They offer a favorable complement to mandatory standards and labeling policies by accelerating the market penetration of energy-efficient products above equipment standard requirements and by preparing the market for increased future mandatory requirements. They sway purchase decisions and in some cases production decisions and retail stocking decisions toward energy-efficient products. Incentive programs are structured according to their regulatory environment, the way they are financed, by how the incentive is targeted, and by who administers them. This report categorizes the main elements of incentive programs, using casemore » studies from the Major Economies Forum to illustrate their characteristics. To inform future policy and program design, it seeks to recognize design advantages and disadvantages through a qualitative overview of the variety of programs in use around the globe. Examples range from rebate programs administered by utilities under an Energy-Efficiency Resource Standards (EERS) regulatory framework (California, USA) to the distribution of Eco-Points that reward customers for buying efficient appliances under a government recovery program (Japan). We found that evaluations have demonstrated that financial incentives programs have greater impact when they target highly efficient technologies that have a small market share. We also found that the benefits and drawbacks of different program design aspects depend on the market barriers addressed, the target equipment, and the local market context and that no program design surpasses the others. The key to successful program design and implementation is a thorough understanding of the market and effective identification of the most important local factors hindering the penetration of energy-efficient technologies.« less

34 CFR 365.16 - What requirements apply to refunds and rebates?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true What requirements apply to refunds and rebates? 365.16 Section 365.16 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STATE INDEPENDENT LIVING SERVICES...

45 CFR 158.241 - Form of rebate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... method that was used for payment, such as credit card or direct debit. ... in the form of a premium credit, lump-sum check, or, if an enrollee paid the premium using a credit card or direct debit, by lump-sum reimbursement to the account used to pay the premium. (2) Any rebate...

The Three R's of Utility Savings: Rate Reduction, Rebates and Retrofit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petiunas, Raymond V.

1993-01-01

An effective way to increase electricity energy savings for school districts is to integrate rate case participation (rate reduction) with conservation and load-management efforts (rebates) and retrofit operations, to obtain a total energy cost reduction package. Describes how a Pennsylvania consortium of school districts saved its member…

26 CFR 1.148-3 - General arbitrage rebate rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., when added to the future value, as of the computation date, of previous rebate payments made for the... 1.148-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Tax Exemption Requirements for State and Local Bonds § 1.148-3 General...

77 FR 49046 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-15

... (``maker/taker fees and rebates'') in 101 options classes (the ``Select Symbols'').\\3\\ The Exchange also... Symbols''). \\3\\ Options classes subject to maker/taker fees and rebates are identified by their ticker.... (``PEP''), SandRidge Energy, Inc. (``SD''), Union Pacific Corporation (``UNP''), United Technologies...

PROPORTIONAL REBATE, RANDOM FULL-REBATES, AND WINNER-TAKE-ALL RULES IN PROVIDING A THRESHOLD PUBLIC GOOD. (R825307)

EPA Science Inventory

The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Concl...

An Analysis of the Economic Effects of U.S. Energy Efficiency Standards

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

effect, with a supporting income effect. [Ref. 5:pg. 94] A recent study, by Hurst and White, highlights this consumer behavior and outlines the difficulty...of correlating economic savings from energy efficiency to consumer behavior . (Ref. 6:pg. 31] Conclusions from the study revealed that, on average... consumer behavior , utilities had developed consumer rebate programs rewarding efficient appliance purchasers with discounts on their monthly bills. [Ref

77 FR 15166 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-14

.... Moreover, because the fee charged to access liquidity funds the payment of a rebate to liquidity providers... reduced fees for accessing liquidity in securities listed on the New York Stock Exchange (``Tape A Securities''), along with correspondingly reduced rebates for liquidity provision in Tape A Securities.\\3...

Medical loss ratio rebate requirements for non-federal governmental plans. Interim final rule with request for comments.

PubMed

2011-12-07

This interim final rule with comment period revises the regulations implementing medical loss ratio (MLR) requirements for health insurance issuers under the Public Health Service Act in order to establish rules governing the distribution of rebates by issuers in group markets for non-Federal governmental plans.

26 CFR 1.522-3 - Patronage dividends, rebates, or refunds; treatment as to cooperative associations entitled to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...; treatment as to cooperative associations entitled to tax treatment under section 522. 1.522-3 Section 1.522-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Farmers' Cooperatives § 1.522-3 Patronage dividends, rebates, or refunds...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: States Enact Natural Gas Vehicle and

Science.gov Websites

, conversions, and fueling equipment from their tax liability. Rebates and vouchers are examples of more direct deployment. Recent examples include: Florida's NGV rebates that cover as much as 50% of the incremental cost purchases, research and development projects, or other related activities. For example, the Pennsylvania

New Britain, Conn. School District will Benefit from $125,000 EPA Rebate for Clean Emission School Buses

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The New Britain, Conn. school district will benefit from a $125,000 US EPA rebate that will pay for retrofitted engines on seven older school buses so they would emit fewer pollutants that are linked to health problems such as asthma and lung damage.

78 FR 19034 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-28

... Delivery Participants with higher trading volumes or rebate driven business models would continue to... select a pricing structure that is appropriate to its business model. For example, the Exchange believes... Delivery Participants with higher trading volumes or high rebate business models would continue to operate...

42 CFR 422.304 - Monthly payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... makes advance monthly payments of the amounts determined under paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this... month. (1) Payment of bid for plans with bids below benchmark. For MA plans that have average per capita... benchmarks. The rebate amount under paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section is the amount of the monthly rebate...

42 CFR 422.304 - Monthly payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... makes advance monthly payments of the amounts determined under paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this... month. (1) Payment of bid for plans with bids below benchmark. For MA plans that have average per capita... benchmarks. The rebate amount under paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section is the amount of the monthly rebate...

42 CFR 422.304 - Monthly payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... makes advance monthly payments of the amounts determined under paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this... month. (1) Payment of bid for plans with bids below benchmark. For MA plans that have average per capita... benchmarks. The rebate amount under paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section is the amount of the monthly rebate...

77 FR 3307 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-23

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity January 17, 2012. Pursuant... transaction fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is... to market participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 103...

75 FR 22881 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-30

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity April 22, 2010. Pursuant to... removing liquidity for options overlying various select symbols. While changes to the Fee Schedule pursuant... rebates for adding and removing liquidity by eliminating the fees for adding liquidity. Specifically, the...

75 FR 79433 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-20

... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity December 13... and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is available on... currently assesses a per contract transaction charge to market participants that add or remove liquidity...

76 FR 22425 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-21

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity April 15, 2011. Pursuant to... rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the... or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 100 options classes (the ``Select...

76 FR 28106 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-13

... PHLX LLC Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity May 9, 2011. Pursuant to... its Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols. \\3\\ A... the Exchange's Fee Schedule, entitled ``Complex Order.'' Currently, the Fees for Removing Liquidity...

77 FR 49040 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-15

... Change Relating to Pricing in Select Symbols and Multiply Listed Options August 9, 2012. Pursuant to... Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' to amend various Select Symbols,\\3\\ increase certain Complex Order \\4\\ Rebates for Adding Liquidity, eliminate the Complex...

76 FR 18814 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... PHLX LLC Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols March 30... the Exchange's Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to amend the Select Symbols.\\3\\ \\3\\ The term ``Select Symbols'' refers to the...

Time-Varying Value of Energy Efficiency in Michigan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mims, Natalie; Eckman, Tom; Schwartz, Lisa C.

Quantifying the time-varying value of energy efficiency is necessary to properly account for all of its benefits and costs and to identify and implement efficiency resources that contribute to a low-cost, reliable electric system. Historically, most quantification of the benefits of efficiency has focused largely on the economic value of annual energy reduction. Due to the lack of statistically representative metered end-use load shape data in Michigan (i.e., the hourly or seasonal timing of electricity savings), the ability to confidently characterize the time-varying value of energy efficiency savings in the state, especially for weather-sensitive measures such as central air conditioning,more » is limited. Still, electric utilities in Michigan can take advantage of opportunities to incorporate the time-varying value of efficiency into their planning. For example, end-use load research and hourly valuation of efficiency savings can be used for a variety of electricity planning functions, including load forecasting, demand-side management and evaluation, capacity planning, long-term resource planning, renewable energy integration, assessing potential grid modernization investments, establishing rates and pricing, and customer service (KEMA 2012). In addition, accurately calculating the time-varying value of efficiency may help energy efficiency program administrators prioritize existing offerings, set incentive or rebate levels that reflect the full value of efficiency, and design new programs.« less

Chapter 8: Whole-Building Retrofit with Consumption Data Analysis Evaluation Protocol. The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kurnik, Charles W.; Agnew, Ken; Goldberg, Mimi

Whole-building retrofits involve the installation of multiple measures. Whole-building retrofit programs take many forms. With a focus on overall building performance, these programs usually begin with an energy audit to identify cost-effective energy efficiency measures for the home. Measures are then installed, either at no cost to the homeowner or partially paid for by rebates and/or financing. The methods described here may also be applied to evaluation of single-measure retrofit programs. Related methods exist for replace-on-failure programs and for new construction, but are not the subject of this chapter.

77 FR 22034 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

... Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to further incentivize Customers who transact Complex Orders in SPY. The Exchange currently pays a Customer Complex Order Rebate for Adding Liquidity of $0.32 per contract and a Customer Complex Order Rebate for Removing Liquidity of $0...

77 FR 57618 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-18

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to the Customer Rebate To Add Liquidity and Non-Customer Fees for Removing... routing standardized equity and index options. Specifically, NOM proposes to amend the Customer Rebate to Add Liquidity and Non-Customer Fees for Removing Liquidity in Penny Pilot \\3\\ Options. \\3\\ The Penny...

78 FR 3952 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-17

.... For Select Symbols (excluding SPY), the Exchange currently provides a base rebate of $0.34 per... SPY), the Exchange currently provides a base rebate of $0.34 per contract, per leg, for Priority... Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ``Act''),\\1\\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\\2\\ notice is hereby given that...

77 FR 68873 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-16

... calculation for Auto-Ex Mode, (ii) provide a fixed per share rebate for Midpoint Peg Zero Display Reserve... NMS stocks with quoted prices less than one dollar, (ii) create a fixed per share rebate for Midpoint Peg Zero Display Reserve Orders,\\3\\ and (iii) correct typographical inconsistencies within the Fee...

76 FR 20412 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-12

... least one dollar. With respect to the rebate for Zero Display Orders that add liquidity in AutoEx that... in the Automatic Execution Mode of order interaction (``AutoEx'') \\3\\ priced at least one dollar. Certain conforming changes are also proposed for rebates for liquidity adding Zero Display Orders \\4\\ in...

Chicopee, Mass. School District will Benefit from $200,000 EPA Rebate to Clean Up Emissions from School Buses

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

A school district in Chicopee., Mass. will benefit from $200,000 from the US EPA that will pay for rebates to retrofit the engines on 10 older school buses so they would emit fewer pollutants that are linked to health problems such as asthma & lung damage.

45 CFR 158.241 - Form of rebate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... check or lump-sum reimbursement using the same method that was used for payment, such as credit card or... in the form of a premium credit, lump-sum check, or, if an enrollee paid the premium using a credit card or direct debit, by lump-sum reimbursement to the account used to pay the premium. (2) Any rebate...

78 FR 23617 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

... Exchange introduced new Flags ZA (Retail Order, adds liquidity) and ZR (Retail Order, removes liquidity... will enable Members, and in turn, their retail customers, to benefit from the enhanced rebate (Flag ZA... able to benefit from the rebate (Flag ZA) for utilizing Retail Orders without regards to whether the...

76 FR 22158 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-20

... ``Complex Order'' to: (i) Pay a Customer Complex Order Rebate for Adding Liquidity of $0.25 per contract for...'') \\4\\; the PowerShares QQQ Trust (``QQQ'')[supreg]; and Apple, Inc. (``AAPL'') [sic]. The Exchange is... Exchange pays the following Complex Order Rebates for Adding Liquidity in the Select Symbols: Specialist...

77 FR 68886 - Rate for Use in Federal Debt Collection and Discount and Rebate Evaluation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-16

... outstanding debts owed to the Government. Treasury's Cash Management Requirements (TFM Volume I, Part 6, Chapter 8000) prescribe use of this rate by agencies as a comparison point in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a cash discount. In addition, 5 CFR 1315.8 of the Prompt Payment rule on ``Rebates'' requires...

76 FR 47279 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-04

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity July 29, 2011. Pursuant to... rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the... participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 99 options classes (the...

76 FR 21934 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-19

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity April 13, 2011. Pursuant to... transaction fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is... participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 100 options classes (the...

75 FR 21382 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-23

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity April 16, 2010. Pursuant to... removing liquidity by establishing that professional orders will not be assessed a charge for electronic... proposed rule change is to amend the fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity to clarify the...

75 FR 70059 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-16

... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity November 9... amend its transaction fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule... participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 100 options classes (the...

76 FR 56844 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... Rule Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity September 8, 2011. Pursuant... transaction fees and rebates for adding and removing liquidity. The text of the proposed rule change is... participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees'') in 100 options classes (the...

75 FR 63526 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-15

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity October 8, 2010. Pursuant to... Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols to amend its current fees for removing liquidity and also add certain... amend its current Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select [[Page 63527

77 FR 22015 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Customer Fees and Rebates in Penny Pilot Options April 6, 2012. Pursuant... proposes to amend the Penny Pilot \\3\\ Options (``Penny Options'') Customer Rebates to Add Liquidity and Penny Options Customer Fee for Removing Liquidity. The Exchange also proposes to make other minor...

76 FR 52369 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-22

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Customer Rebates in Penny Pilot Options August 15, 2011. Pursuant to... for the Penny Pilot \\3\\ Options (``Penny Options'') with respect to the Customer Rebate to Add Liquidity. \\3\\ The Penny Pilot was established in March 2008 and in October 2009 was expanded and extended...

77 FR 69905 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-21

... (``maker/taker fees and rebates'') in 93 options classes (the ``Select Symbols'').\\3\\ The Exchange's maker... Non-Select Penny Pilot Symbols'').\\6\\ \\3\\ Options classes subject to maker/taker fees and rebates are.... 66084 (January 3, 2012), 77 FR 1103 (January 9, 2012) (SR-ISE-2011-84); 66392 (February 14, 2012), 77 FR...

77 FR 22036 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols April 6, 2012...'s Pricing Schedule entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to remove various Select Symbols.\\3\\ \\3\\ The term ``Select Symbols'' refers to the symbols which...

77 FR 5072 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-01

... Change Amending the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols January 26, 2012...'s Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to remove various Select Symbols.\\3\\ \\3\\ The term ``Select Symbols'' refers to the symbols which...

77 FR 29726 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols and Equity... Section I, entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols'' and Section...- delivered contracts a month in Penny Pilot or non-Penny Pilot Options, excluding Select Symbols. Currently...

77 FR 1532 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-10

... Change Relating to the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols January 4... Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section I, Part A of the Exchange's Fee Schedule... Schedule, entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' at Part A...

77 FR 13377 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... Change Relating to Fees and Rebates for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols February 29, 2012...'s Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to amend the Select Symbols \\3\\ and transaction fees for Single contra-side orders. \\3\\ The term...

77 FR 1106 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-09

... Change Relating to the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols January 3...'s Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to amend the Select Symbols.\\3\\ \\3\\ The term ``Select Symbols'' refers to the symbols which are...

76 FR 37866 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-28

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols June 23, 2011...'s Fee Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' specifically to amend the Select Symbols.\\3\\ While changes to the Fee Schedule pursuant to this proposal are...

Market power and state costs of HIV/AIDS drugs.

PubMed

Leibowitz, Arleen A; Sood, Neeraj

2007-03-01

We examine whether U.S. states can use their market power to reduce the costs of supplying prescription drugs to uninsured and underinsured persons with HIV through a public program, the AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP). Among states that purchase drugs from manufacturers and distribute them directly to clients, those that purchase a greater volume pay lower average costs per prescription. Among states depending on retail pharmacies to distribute drugs and then claiming rebates from manufacturers, those that contract with smaller numbers of pharmacy networks have lower average costs. Average costs per prescription do not differ between the two purchase methods.

76 FR 28252 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-16

... liquidity provider rebate is $0.0020 per share executed for displayed quotes/orders and $0.0010 per share... determining whether a member qualifies for its highest rebate tier of $0.0015 per share executed for non-displayed quotes/orders and $0.00295 per share executed for displayed quotes/orders. Currently, a member's...

76 FR 27117 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-10

... exchange-traded fund (``ETF'') option classes traded on C2. Currently, transactions fees as set out in the... maker rebate and pay a liquidity removing taker rate of $.25 per contract; C2 Market-Makers receive a liquidity making rebate of $.25 per contract and pay a liquidity removing taker rate of $.34 per contract...

77 FR 26595 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Suspension of and Order Instituting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-04

...'') resulting from a Customer order that is (1) directed to it by an order flow provider, and (2) executed by it... rebates, which attracts additional Customer order flow to the Exchange and benefits all market... Customer Rebate for Adding Liquidity from $0.30 per contract to $0.32 per contract; (2) created a new...

77 FR 68167 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-15

... Section E.1 On January 9, 2012, the Exchange adopted the current Fee Schedule that incorporated, inter... the fees and rebates of proposed Section E.1, the Exchange proposes to mostly adopt the fee and rebate... flexibility will allow the Exchange to adapt to fast-paced changes in today's orders marketplace and will, in...

75 FR 23829 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-04

... Liquidity Adding Rebate for Securities Priced Under One Dollar April 28, 2010. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1... securities priced under one dollar. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web... Schedule to adjust the liquidity adding rebate for securities priced under one dollar in both the Automatic...

76 FR 9067 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-16

... pay a rebate solely for Customer complex orders that add liquidity in order to continue to attract... because this Customer rebate would attract Customer order flow to the Exchange for the benefit of all..., priced at a net debit or credit based on the relative prices of the individual components, for the same...

76 FR 60103 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-28

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Customer Rebates To Add Liquidity September 22, 2011. Pursuant to Section... Liquidity. \\3\\ The Penny Pilot was established in March 2008 and in October 2009 was expanded and extended... entered into NOM. The Exchange is proposing to modify pricing for the Customer Rebate to Add Liquidity in...

78 FR 76884 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Topaz Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-19

..., based on current fee levels, the Exchange will charge a fee of $0.48 per contract in Penny Symbols and... Member are assessed fees and rebates at the same level as Market Maker orders. See footnote 2, Schedule... rotation in order to avoid the negative economics associated with paying a rebate on both sides of each...

76 FR 20420 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-12

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Rebates and Fees in Penny Pilot and Non-Penny Pilot Options April 6, 2011... Penny Pilot \\3\\ Options with respect to the Customer Rebate to Add Liquidity; \\4\\ and (ii) modify pricing for both Penny Pilot Options and All Other Options with respect to the Fees for Removing Liquidity...

77 FR 42073 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-17

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Customer Rebates in Penny Pilot Options July 10, 2012. Pursuant to Section... proposes to amend a Penny Pilot \\3\\ Option Customer Rebate to Add Liquidity. The Exchange also proposes a minor technical amendment. \\3\\ The Penny Pilot was established in March 2008 and in October 2009 was...

77 FR 2585 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; New York Stock Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-18

... rebate of $0.0030 per share for adding liquidity that is 20% or less than NYSE's total intraday adding... that month that exceeds 20% of NYSE's total intraday adding liquidity. For the purposes of paying the DMM rebate, the NYSE total intraday adding liquidity will be totaled monthly \\6\\ and will include all...

New anti-rebate legislation in South Korea.

PubMed

Yu, Su-Yeon; Yang, Bong-Min; Kim, Jin-Hyun

2013-08-01

The South Korean Government recently announced a reform in the drug anti-rebate law, with the purpose of eradicating pervasive, unethical, and illegal rebate practices in pharmaceutical marketing. The main objective of this reform is to have the ability to bring criminal charges against doctors and pharmacists for receiving illegal kickbacks from drug companies. Previously, provision of illegal kickbacks by drug companies led to criminal punishment of the drug companies alone, leaving doctors and pharmacists unpunished as the recipients. With the introduction of the "Dual Punishment System (DPS)" reform, criminal punishment for illegal rebates is extended to those receiving illegal kickbacks. Although bitter controversy erupted among stakeholders when the reform was first drafted, a civic group participated in the reform process and effectively influenced the legislative process to a successful end. Some interim outcomes from the DPS in terms of bringing illegal practices to account have already been reported since the policy's implementation in November 2010. The reform background, goals, potential issues, and policy implications are explored in this study with the objective of providing further insight into drug policy for other countries that face similar challenges in the area of drug marketing.

The Impacts of Water Conservation Strategies on Water Use: Four Case Studies.

PubMed

Tsai, Yushiou; Cohen, Sara; Vogel, Richard M

2011-08-01

We assessed impacts on water use achieved by implementation of controlled experiments relating to four water conservation strategies in four towns within the Ipswich watershed in Massachusetts. The strategies included (1) installation of weather-sensitive irrigation controller switches (WSICS) in residences and municipal athletic fields; (2) installation of rainwater harvesting systems in residences; (3) two outreach programs: (a) free home indoor water use audits and water fixture retrofit kits and (b) rebates for low-water-demand toilets and washing machines; and (4) soil amendments to improve soil moisture retention at a municipal athletic field. The goals of this study are to summarize the effectiveness of the four water conservation strategies and to introduce nonparametric statistical methods for evaluating the effectiveness of these conservation strategies in reducing water use. It was found that (1) the municipal WSICS significantly reduced water use; (2) residences with high irrigation demand were more likely than low water users to experience a substantial demand decrease when equipped with the WSICS; (3) rainwater harvesting provided substantial rainwater use, but these volumes were small relative to total domestic water use and relative to the natural fluctuations in domestic water use; (4) both the audits/retrofit and rebate programs resulted in significant water savings; and (5) a modeling approach showed potential water savings from soil amendments in ball fields.

The Impacts of Water Conservation Strategies on Water Use: Four Case Studies1

PubMed Central

Tsai, Yushiou; Cohen, Sara; Vogel, Richard M

2011-01-01

We assessed impacts on water use achieved by implementation of controlled experiments relating to four water conservation strategies in four towns within the Ipswich watershed in Massachusetts. The strategies included (1) installation of weather-sensitive irrigation controller switches (WSICS) in residences and municipal athletic fields; (2) installation of rainwater harvesting systems in residences; (3) two outreach programs: (a) free home indoor water use audits and water fixture retrofit kits and (b) rebates for low-water-demand toilets and washing machines; and (4) soil amendments to improve soil moisture retention at a municipal athletic field. The goals of this study are to summarize the effectiveness of the four water conservation strategies and to introduce nonparametric statistical methods for evaluating the effectiveness of these conservation strategies in reducing water use. It was found that (1) the municipal WSICS significantly reduced water use; (2) residences with high irrigation demand were more likely than low water users to experience a substantial demand decrease when equipped with the WSICS; (3) rainwater harvesting provided substantial rainwater use, but these volumes were small relative to total domestic water use and relative to the natural fluctuations in domestic water use; (4) both the audits/retrofit and rebate programs resulted in significant water savings; and (5) a modeling approach showed potential water savings from soil amendments in ball fields. PMID:22457572

75 FR 44037 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-27

... for Removing Liquidity $0.[35]40 $0.45 $0.45 $0.45 [IWM, QQQQ, SPY] [Rebate to Add Liquidity] [$0.30... members. Elimination of IWM, QQQQ and SPY: The Exchange currently pays a rebate of $0.30 per executed... overlying IWM, QQQQ and SPY in the capacity of Customer and a fee of $0.45 per executed contract to all...

78 FR 62815 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Topaz Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

... SPY, and $0.46 per contract for Non-Penny Symbols. For Regular Orders in Mini Options, the Tier 4 Maker Rebate is $0.037 per contract for Penny Symbols, $0.039 per contract for SPY, and $0.046 per... for SPY, and $0.47 per contract for Non-Penny Symbols. For Mini Options the new Tier 4 Maker Rebate...

75 FR 43219 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-23

... additional complex order business, specifically by amending the equity options fees to pay a $0.05 rebate per... maximum of the Firm Related Equity Option Cap, will help defray the cost of paying the $0.05 per contract... proposes [sic] amend its Section II equity options fees to: (i) Pay a $0.05 per contract side rebate to...

78 FR 16023 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-13

..., qualifies for BX's volume tiered rebate of $0.0010 per share by adding an average of 25,000 shares but less...\\ The Exchange notes that to the extent DE Route does or does not achieve any volume tiered rebate on BX... ``Single MPID Step-up Add Tier'' by posting more than .10% of the Total Consolidated Volume (``TCV''), on a...

Impact of a financial risk-sharing scheme on budget-impact estimations: a game-theoretic approach.

PubMed

Gavious, Arieh; Greenberg, Dan; Hammerman, Ariel; Segev, Ella

2014-06-01

As part of the process of updating the National List of Health Services in Israel, health plans (the 'payers') and manufacturers each provide estimates on the expected number of patients that will utilize a new drug. Currently, payers face major financial consequences when actual utilization is higher than the allocated budget. We suggest a risk-sharing model between the two stakeholders; if the actual number of patients exceeds the manufacturer's prediction, the manufacturer will reimburse the payers by a rebate rate of α from the deficit. In case of under-utilization, payers will refund the government at a rate of γ from the surplus budget. Our study objective was to identify the optimal early estimations of both 'players' prior to and after implementation of the risk-sharing scheme. Using a game-theoretic approach, in which both players' statements are considered simultaneously, we examined the impact of risk-sharing within a given range of rebate proportions, on players' early budget estimations. When increasing manufacturer's rebate α to be over 50 %, then manufacturers will announce a larger number, and health plans will announce a lower number of patients than they would without risk sharing, thus substantially decreasing the gap between their estimates. Increasing γ changes players' estimates only slightly. In reaction to applying a substantial risk-sharing rebate α on the manufacturer, both players are expected to adjust their budget estimates toward an optimal equilibrium. Increasing α is a better vehicle for reaching the desired equilibrium rather than increasing γ, as the manufacturer's rebate α substantially influences both players, whereas γ has little effect on the players behavior.

The effect of introducing rebate contracts to promote generic drug substitution, on doctors' prescribing practices.

PubMed

Hoffmann, Falk; Glaeske, Gerd; Pfannkuche, Matthias S

2009-11-01

As of 1 April 2007, pharmacists in Germany filling prescriptions covered by the statutory health insurance system (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, GKV) are required, whenever possible, to dispense a preparation that contains the same active substance and for which a rebate contract is in effect. The physician can block drug substitution by crossing out "aut idem" ("or the like") on the prescription form. The latter option has existed since 2002. We studied the possible effect of the introduction of rebate contracts on the use of the no-substitution option. Three independent random samples were taken from the routine data of the Gmünder ErsatzKasse (GEK, a statutory health insurance carrier). The samples consisted of 0.5% of the insured adult population in the month of October in the years 2006, 2007, and 2008 (n = 6195; n = 6300; n = 6845). Within these sample groups, all medication orders in which the physician could potentially have exercised a no-substitution option were selected, and the corresponding prescriptions were examined. The percentage of no-substitution prescriptions rose from October 2006 to October 2007, and then rose still further to October 2008 (14.4%, 18.4%, 19.0%; p for trend < 0.0001). Considerable differences were seen between physicians belonging to different regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (Kassenärztliche Vereinigungen). In about one-quarter of the no-substitution prescriptions for 2007 and 2008 (25.1%, 25.7%), the prescribed medication was itself included in a rebate contract. The use of the no-substitution option is not uniform across Germany at present. Rebate contracts and the no-substitution option require further evaluation. Moreover, the dispensing of medications urgently needs a more stable regulatory framework.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crago, Christine Lasco; Chernyakhovskiy, Ilya

State incentives for solar power have grown significantly in the past several years. This paper examines the effectiveness of policy incentives to increase residential solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity. We use county-level panel data and control for demographic characteristics, solar resources, and pro-environmental preferences. Results show that among financial incentives, rebates have the most impact with an additional $1 per watt rebate increasing annual PV capacity additions by close to 50%. Factors that affect financial returns to solar PV such as electricity price and solar insolation are also found to be significant. Results also point to a significant positive relationship betweenmore » hybrid vehicle sales and residential PV capacity growth, indicating the importance of pro-environmental preferences as a predictor of solar PV demand. Back of the envelope calculations suggest that the cost of carbon mitigation through rebates is around $184 per ton of CO2.« less

Santa Barbara Final Technical Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hacker, Angela; Hansen, Sherman; Watkins, Ashley

2013-11-30

This report serves as the Final Report for Santa Barbara County’s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) BetterBuildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP) award from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This report explains how DOE BBNP funding was invested to develop robust program infrastructure designed to help property owners complete energy improvements, thereby generating substantial outcomes for the local environment and economy. It provides an overview of program development and design within the grant period, program accomplishments and challenges to date, and a plan for the future sustainability of emPower, the County’s innovative clean energy and building efficiency program. Duringmore » the grant period, Santa Barbara County’s emPower program primarily targeted 32,000 owner occupied, single family, detached residential homes over 25 years old within the County. In order to help these homeowners and their contractors overcome market barriers to completing residential energy improvements, the program developed and promoted six voluntary, market-based service areas: 1) low cost residential financing (loan loss reserve with two local credit unions), 2) residential rebates, 3) local customer service, 4) expert energy advising, 5) workforce development and training, and 6) marketing, education and outreach. The main goals of the program were to lower building energy use, create jobs and develop a lasting regional building performance market. These services have generated important early outcomes and lessons after the program’s first two years in service. The DOE BBNP funding was extended through October 2014 to enable Santa Barbara County to generate continued outcomes. In fact, funding related to residential financing remains wholly available for the foreseeable future to continue offering Home Upgrade Loans to approximately 1,300 homeowners. The County’s investment of DOE BBNP funding was used to build a lasting, effective, and innovative program design that has earned statewide recognition and distinction. As a result of the County’s leadership, the California Energy Commission (CEC) and the California Public Utilities Commission (PUC) offered over $5 million in funding to continue realizing ongoing returns on the initial investment made in developing emPower, alongside remaining (extended) DOE BBNP funds. These new funding sources, accepted by the County Board of Supervisors on June 25, 2013, also allow the program to expand its innovative energy solutions to the broader region, including Ventura and San Luis Obispo Counties.« less

77 FR 16283 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

... comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \\2\\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4... proposes to increase this rebate to $0.07 per contract and apply the rebate to all Customer orders (simple..., or any other entity (``PIXL Order'') against principal interest or against any other order (except as...

78 FR 67420 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-12

... decrease the rebate to add liquidity under the Market Depth Tier 1 from $0.0033 per share to $0.0032 per... Market Depth Tier 1 from $0.0033 per share to $0.0032 per share. Footnote 1 of the Fee Schedule currently provides that Members may qualify for the Market Depth Tier 1 and receive a rebate of $0.0033 per share for...

The Structural Features of Sports and Race Betting Inducements: Issues for Harm Minimisation and Consumer Protection.

PubMed

Hing, Nerilee; Sproston, Kerry; Brook, Kate; Brading, Richard

2017-06-01

Minimal research has been published about inducements for sports and race betting, despite their ready availability and aggressive advertising. This paper aimed to document the range and structural features of these inducements, and analyse their alignment with the harm minimisation and consumer protection goals of responsible gambling. A scan of all inducements offered on the websites of 30 major race and sports betting brands located 223 separate inducements which we categorised into 15 generic types, all offering financial incentives to purchase. These comprised sign-up offers, refer-a-friend offers, happy hours, mobile betting bonuses, multi-bet offers, refund/stake-back offers, matching stakes/deposits, winnings paid for 'close calls', bonus or better odds, bonus or better winnings, competitions, reduced commission, free bets to selected punters, cash rebates and other free bets. All inducements were subject to numerous terms and conditions which were complex, difficult to find, and obscured by legalistic language. Play-through conditions of bonus bets were particularly difficult to interpret and failed basic requirements for informed choice. Website advertisements for inducements were prominently promoted but few contained a responsible gambling message. The results were analysed to generate 12 research propositions considered worthy of empirical research to inform much needed regulatory reform in this area.

California Publicly-Owned Utilities (POUs) – LBNL ‘Beyond Widgets’ Project. Task: ambient lighting and occupancy-based plug load control. System Program Manual

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Robinson, Alastair; Mathew, Paul A.; Regnier, Cynthia

This program manual contains detailed technical information for implementing an incentive program for task-ambient lighting and occupancy-based plug load control. This manual was developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, in collaboration with the California Publicly-Owned Utilities (CA POUs) as a partner in the ‘Beyond Widgets’ program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Office. The primary audience for this manual is the program staff of the various CA POUs. It may also be used by other utility incentive programs to help develop similar programs. It is anticipated that the content of this manual be utilized by the CAmore » POU staff for developing related documents such as the Technical Resource Manual and other filings pertaining to the rollout of an energy systems-based rebate incentive program.« less

Prescription drug coupons: evolution and need for regulation in direct-to-consumer advertising.

PubMed

Mackey, Tim K; Yagi, Nozomi; Liang, Bryan A

2014-01-01

Pharmaceutical marketing in the United States had undergone a shift from largely exclusively targeting physicians to considerable efforts in targeting patients through various forms of direct-to-consumer advertising ("DTCA"). This includes the use of DTCA in prescription drug coupons ("PDCs"), a new form of DTCA that offers discounts and rebates directly to consumers to lower costs of drug purchasing. Our examination of PDCs reveals that the use and types of PDC programs is expanding and includes promotion of the vast majority of top grossing pharmaceuticals. However, controversy regarding this emerging form of DTCA has given rise to health policy concerns about their overall impact on prescription drug expenditures for consumers, payers, and the health care system, and whether they lead to optimal long-term utilization of pharmaceuticals. In response to these concerns and the growing popularity of PDCs, what we propose here are clearer regulation and regulatory guidance for PDC DTCA use. This would include review for appropriate disclosure of marketing claims, increased transparency in PDC use for pharmaceutical pricing, and leveraging potential positive benefits of PDC use for vulnerable or underserved patient populations. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Insurers' medical loss ratios and quality improvement spending in 2011.

PubMed

Hall, Mark A; McCue, Michael J

2013-03-01

The Affordable Care Act's medical loss ratio (MLR) regulation requires insurers to spend 80 percent or 85 percent of premiums on medical claims and quality improvements. In 2011, insurers falling below this minimum paid more than $1 billion in rebates. This brief examines how insurers spend their premium dollars--particularly their investment in quality improvement activities--focusing on differences among insurers based on corporate traits. In the aggregate, insurers paid less than 1 percent of premiums on either MLR rebates or quality improvement activities in 2011, with amounts varying by insurer type. Publicly traded insurers had significantly lower MLRs in each market segment (individual, small group, and large group), and were more likely to owe a rebate in most segments compared with non-publicly traded insurers. The median quality improvement expenditure per member among nonprofit and provider-sponsored insurers was more than the median among for-profit and non-provider-sponsored insurers.

ACE Inhibitor and ARB utilization and expenditures in the Medicaid fee-for-service program from 1991 to 2008.

PubMed

Bian, Boyang; Kelton, Christina M L; Guo, Jeff J; Wigle, Patricia R

2010-01-01

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, as well as for kidney disease prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus and the management of patients after myocardial infarction. To (a) describe ACE inhibitor and ARB utilization and spending in the Medicaid fee-for-service program from 1991 through 2008, and (b) estimate the potential cost savings for the collective Medicaid programs from a higher ratio of generic ACE inhibitor utilization. A retrospective, descriptive analysis was performed using the National Summary Files from the Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data, which are composed of pharmacy claims that are subject to federally mandated rebates from pharmaceutical manufacturers. For the years 1991-2008, quarterly claim counts and expenditures were calculated by summing data for individual ACE inhibitors and ARBs. Quarterly per-claim expenditure as a proxy for drug price was computed for all brand and generic drugs. Market shares were calculated based on the number of pharmacy claims and Medicaid expenditures. In the Medicaid fee-for-service program, ACE inhibitors accounted for 100% of the claims in the combined market for ACE inhibitors and ARBs in 1991, 80.6% in 2000, and 64.7% in 2008. The Medicaid expenditure per ACE inhibitor claim dropped from $37.24 in 1991 to $24.03 in 2008 when generics accounted for 92.5% of ACE inhibitor claims; after adjusting for inflation for the period from 1991 to 2008, the real price drop was 59.2%. Brand ACE inhibitors accounted for only 7.5% of the claims in 2008 for all ACE inhibitors but 32.1% of spending; excluding the effects of manufacturer rebates, Medicaid spending would have been reduced by $28.7 million (9%) in 2008 if all ACE inhibitor claims were generic. The average price per ACE inhibitor claim in 2008 was $24.03 ($17.64 per generic claim vs. $103.45 per brand claim) versus $81.98 per ARB claim. If the ACE inhibitor ratio had been 75% in 2008 rather than 64.7%, the Medicaid program would have saved approximately 13% or about $41.8 million, again excluding the effects of manufacturer rebates. If the ACE inhibitor ratio had been 90% in 2008, the cost savings for the combined Medicaid fee-forservice programs would have been about 33% or about $102.3 million. The total cost savings opportunity with 100% generic ACE inhibitor utilization in 2008 and an ACE inhibitor ratio of 75% was $75.1 million (24%) or $142.3M (46%) with a 90% ACE inhibitor ratio. Factors that affect Medicaid spending by contributing to increased utilization of ACE inhibitors and ARBs, such as the rising prevalence of hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes, can be offset by reduction in the average price attained through a higher proportion of ACE inhibitors and a higher percentage of generic versus brand ACE inhibitors.

Integrating Photovoltaic Systems into Low-Income Housing Developments: A Case Study on the Creation of a New Residential Financing Model and Low-Income Resident Job Training Program, September 2011 (Brochure)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dean, J.; Smith-Dreier, C.; Mekonnen, G.

2011-09-01

This case study covers the process of successfully integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems into a low-income housing development in northeast Denver, Colorado, focusing specifically on a new financing model and job training. The Northeast Denver Housing Center (NDHC), working in cooperation with Del Norte Neighborhood Development Corporation, Groundwork Denver, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), was able to finance the PV system installations by blending private equity funding with utility rebates, federal tax credits, and public sector funding. A grant provided by the Governor's Energy Office allowed for the creation of the new financing model. In addition, the program incorporatedmore » an innovative low-income job training program and an energy conservation incentive program.« less

Footing the bill: the introduction of Medicare Benefits Schedule rebates for podiatry services in Australia.

PubMed

Short, Anthony J

2009-12-07

The introduction of Medicare Benefits Schedule items for allied health professionals in 2004 was a pivotal event in the public funding of non-medical primary care services. This commentary seeks to provide supplementary discussion of the article by Menz (Utilisation of podiatry services in Australia under the Medicare Enhanced Primary Care program, 2004-2008 Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2009, 2:30), by placing these findings within the context of the podiatry profession, clinical decision making and the broader health workforce and government policy.

Impact on public hospitals if private health insurance rates in Victoria declined.

PubMed

Hanning, Brian W T

2004-12-13

The additional cost of treating acute care type Victorian private patients as public patients in Victorian public hospitals based on the current public sector payment model and rates was calculated, as was the loss of health fund income to public hospitals. If all private cases became public the net recurrent cost would be $1.05 billion assuming all patients were still treated. If private health insurance (PHI) uptake had declined to 23.3% as was projected without Lifetime Health Cover and the 30% rebate, the additional operating cost and income loss would be $385 million. This compares to the Victorian cost of the 30% rebate for acute hospital cases of $383 million. This takes no account of capital costs and possible public sector access problems. The analysis suggests that 31 extra operating theatres would be needed in the public sector (had the transfer of surgical patients from the public sector to the private sector not occurred). This analysis suggests that without the PHI rebate the current stresses on Victorian public hospitals would be increased, not decreased.

Symmetry analysis of a model for the exercise of a barrier option

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Hara, J. G.; Sophocleous, C.; Leach, P. G. L.

2013-09-01

A barrier option takes into account the possibility of an unacceptable change in the price of the underlying stock. Such a change could carry considerable financial loss. We examine one model based upon the Black-Scholes-Merton Equation and determine the functional forms of the barrier function and rebate function which are consistent with a solution of the underlying evolution partial differential equation using the Lie Theory of Extended Groups. The solution is consistent with the possibility of no rebate and the barrier function is very similar to one adopted on an heuristic basis.

Audit Report on "The Department's Management of the ENERGY STAR Program"

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2009-10-01

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Recovery Act) authorized about $300 million in consumer rebate incentives for purchases of products rated under the 'ENERGY STAR' Program. ENERGY STAR, a voluntary labeling program established in 1992, provides consumers with energy efficiency data for a range of products so that they can make informed purchase judgments. The overall goal of the program is to encourage consumers to choose energy efficient products, advancing the nationwide goal of reducing energy consumption. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) managed the ENERGY STAR Program on a stand-alone basis until 1996 when it joined forces with themore » Department of Energy (Department). A Memorandum of Cooperation expanded the ENERGY STAR product categories, giving the Department responsibility for overseeing eight product categories such as windows, dishwashers, clothes washers, and refrigerators, while EPA retained responsibility for electronic product categories and heating, ventilating, and cooling equipment. Each agency is responsible for setting product efficiency specifications for those items under its control and for ensuring the proper use of the ENERGY STAR label in the marketplace. In August 2007, the EPA Office of Inspector General issued an audit report identifying significant control weaknesses in EPA's management of ENERGY STAR. The Department, concerned by the findings at EPA and eager to improve its own program, developed an approach to verify adherence to product specifications, ensure proper use of the ENERGY STAR label in the marketplace, and improve the establishment of product specifications. As evidenced by the commitment of $300 million in Recovery Act funds, the ENERGY STAR Program plays an important role in the U.S. efforts to reduce energy consumption. We initiated this audit to determine whether the Department had implemented the actions it announced in 2007 to strengthen the Program. The Department had not implemented planned improvements in the ENERGY STAR Program. Our audit revealed that officials had not: (1) Developed a formal quality assurance program to help ensure that product specifications were adhered to; (2) Effectively monitored the use of the ENERGY STAR label to ensure that only qualifying products were labeled as compliant; and (3) Formalized procedures for establishing and revising product specifications and for documenting decisions regarding those specifications. In our judgment, the delay in the Department's planned improvements in its management of the ENERGY STAR Program could reduce consumer confidence in the integrity of the ENERGY STAR label. Such loss of credibility could reduce energy savings, increase consumer risk, and diminish the value of the recent infusion of $300 million for ENERGY STAR rebates under the Recovery Act.« less

Use of pregnancy counselling services in Australia 2007-2012.

PubMed

Shelley, Julia M; Kavanagh, Shane; Graham, Melissa; Mayes, Catherine

2015-02-01

To assess the uptake of Medicare Benefit payments for non-directive pregnancy support counselling which commenced in November 2006. Counts of services for pregnancy counselling from 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2012, where a Medicare rebate was paid, were used to calculate age-, state- and provider-specific rates per 100,000 women aged 15-44 years, and rates per 100,000 births for each study year. Rates of Medicare rebates for pregnancy counselling were low, with a mean of 90.6 services per 100,000 women recorded over the study period. GP services were accessed most frequently, while services provided by allied health professionals averaged less than 5% of those for GPs. The overall rate of services fell in all jurisdictions except Victoria/Tasmania, although services provided by allied health professionals remained steady or rose in all jurisdictions over the study period. There has been a low uptake of pregnancy counselling covered by the Medicare Benefits Item numbers introduced in 2006, especially for services provided by allied health professionals. Due to a lack of available data, the impact on abortion rates is unknown. Provision of Medicare rebates for pregnancy counselling does not appear to be an effective way of assisting women with unintended pregnancies. © 2015 Public Health Association of Australia.

Feebates and Fuel Economy Standards: Impacts on Fuel Use in Light-Duty Vehicles and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Greene, David L

2011-01-01

This study evaluates the potential impacts of a national feebate system, a market-based policy that consists of graduated fees on low-fuel-economy (or high-emitting) vehicles and rebates for high-fuel-economy (or lowemitting) vehicles. In their simplest form, feebate systems operate under three conditions: a benchmark divides all vehicles into two categories-those charged fees and those eligible for rebates; the sizes of the fees and rebates are a function of a vehicle's deviation from its benchmark; and placement of the benchmark ensures revenue neutrality or a desired level of subsidy or revenue. A model developed by the University of California for the Californiamore » Air Resources Board was revised and used to estimate the effects of six feebate structures on fuel economy and sales of new light-duty vehicles, given existing and anticipated future fuel economy and emission standards. These estimates for new vehicles were then entered into a vehicle stock model that simulated the evolution of the entire vehicle stock. The results indicate that feebates could produce large, additional reductions in emissions and fuel consumption, in large part by encouraging market acceptance of technologies with advanced fuel economy, such as hybrid electric vehicles.« less

Potential determinants of deductible uptake in health insurance: How to increase uptake in The Netherlands?

PubMed

van Winssen, K P M; van Kleef, R C; van de Ven, W P M M

2016-12-01

In health insurance, voluntary deductibles are offered to the insured in return for a premium rebate. Previous research has shown that 11 % of the Dutch insured opted for a voluntary deductible (VD) in health insurance in 2014, while the highest VD level was financially profitable for almost 50 % of the population in retrospect. To explain this discrepancy, this paper identifies and discusses six potential determinants of the decision to opt for a VD from the behavioral economic literature: loss aversion, risk attitude, ambiguity aversion, debt aversion, omission bias, and liquidity constraints. Based on these determinants, five potential strategies are proposed to increase the number of insured opting for a VD. Presenting the VD as the default option and providing transparent information regarding the VD are the two most promising strategies. If, as a result of these strategies, more insured would opt for a VD, moral hazard would be reduced.

Nationwide expansion of a financial incentive program on fruit and vegetable purchases among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participants: A cost-effectiveness analysis.

PubMed

An, Ruopeng

2015-12-01

High prices remain a formidable barrier for many people, especially those of low socioeconomic status, to adopt a healthier diet. The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 mandated the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to conduct a pilot study to assess the impact of making fruits and vegetables more affordable for households in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Based on the USDA final report of the Healthy Incentives Pilot (HIP), a large-scale randomized trial in 2011-2012 that provided 30% rebate on targeted fruits and vegetables to 7500 study participants enrolled in the SNAP, we constructed a decision model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an expansion of the HIP to all SNAP households nationwide. The estimated life-time per capita costs of the HIP to the Federal government is $1323 in 2012 U.S. dollars, and the average gains in quality-adjusted life expectancy to a SNAP participant is 0.082 quality-adjusted life year (QALY), resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $16,172 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulations indicates a 94.4% and 99.6% probability that the estimated ICER would be lower than the cost-effective threshold of $50,000 and $100,000 per QALY gained, respectively. Moreover, the estimated ICER of the HIP expansion tends to be competitive in comparison to other interventions that aimed at promoting fruit/vegetable intake among adult population. Findings from this study suggest that a nationwide expansion of the HIP is likely to nudge SNAP households towards purchasing and consuming more targeted fruits and vegetables. However, diet behavior modification is proportional to price change. When people's actual eating behaviors and what dietary guidelines recommend differ by several folds, even a 30% rebate closes just a small fraction of that gap and has limited beneficial impact on participants' weight management, disease prevention, and health-related quality of life. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

benefits resulting from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' propane and natural gas vehicle rebates. The Office submitted a final report to the Department of Agriculture and Consumer

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

forklift. Additionally, qualified residential and commercial NGV fueling infrastructure may be eligible for a rebate of up to $2,000. These incentives are available to commercial and residential customers

DTV Converter Box Rebate Act of 2009

THOMAS, 111th Congress

Rep. Braley, Bruce L. [D-IA-1

2009-01-14

House - 01/15/2009 Referred to the Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, and the Internet. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

34 CFR 365.16 - What requirements apply to refunds and rebates?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... goods, products, equipment, rental property, real property, or services. (b) Premiums, bonuses, gifts, and any other payments related to the purchase of goods, products, equipment, rental property, real...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Power (LADWP) provides rebates to commercial and residential customers toward the purchase of Level 2 EVSE. Commercial customers who purchase and install EVSE for employee and public use can receive up to

5 CFR 1315.17 - Formulas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Rebate formula. (1) Agencies shall determine credit card payment dates based on an analysis of the total... available for use on the prompt payment website at www.fms.treas.gov/prompt/index/.html. (3) If agencies...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

commercial and residential customers toward the purchase of Level 2 EVSE. Commercial customers who purchase electric rate. Applications must be submitted no later than four months from the date of purchase. Rebates

Impact of a Rewards-Based Incentive Program on Promoting Fruit and Vegetable Purchases

PubMed Central

Phipps, Etienne J.; Braitman, Leonard E.; Stites, Shana D.; Singletary, S. Brook; Wallace, Samantha L.; Hunt, Lacy; Axelrod, Saul; Glanz, Karen; Uplinger, Nadine

2015-01-01

Objectives. We assessed the impact of a rewards-based incentive program on fruit and vegetable purchases by low-income families. Methods. We conducted a 4-phase prospective cohort study with randomized intervention and wait-listed control groups in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in December 2010 through October 2011. The intervention provided a rebate of 50% of the dollar amount spent on fresh or frozen fruit and vegetables, reduced to 25% during a tapering phase, then eliminated. Primary outcome measures were number of servings of fruit and of vegetables purchased per week. Results. Households assigned to the intervention purchased an average of 8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5, 16.9) more servings of vegetables and 2.5 (95% CI = 0.3, 9.5) more servings of fruit per week than did control households. In longitudinal price-adjusted analyses, when the incentive was reduced and then discontinued, the amounts purchased were similar to baseline. Conclusions. Investigation of the financial costs and potential benefits of incentive programs to supermarkets, government agencies, and other stakeholders is needed to identify sustainable interventions. PMID:24625144

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

purchase or lease of a new qualifying all-electric vehicle on or after May 30, 2017. Qualifying plug-in hybrid electric vehicles purchased or leased on or after June 8, 2017, are eligible for a $600 rebate

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

gas customers in the Omaha area served by the MUD are eligible for a $500 rebate for the purchase of a , first-served basis. Applicants must provide proof of purchase for the vehicle to qualify. Additional

Contracting-out in the United Kingdom: a partnership between social security and private pension plans.

PubMed

Daykin, Chris

2002-01-01

Contracting-out was introduced in the United Kingdom in 1978 as part of the arrangements for the State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) in order to avoid duplication with the existing well-developed defined benefit occupational pension plan sector. Members and sponsors of contracted-out schemes were able to save on their social security contributions in recognition of the fact that they were accruing equivalent benefits through an occupational pension plan. Later on this concept was extended to those with individual money purchase pension plans. This article considers a brief history of contracting-out, the principles of contracting-out, some problems associated with contracting-out, the implications of the introduction of stakeholder pensions and State Second Pension, and the latest rebate review and rebate orders. It examines how U.K. pensions policy since 1978 has been based on a partnership between social security and private pension plans.

Financial Impact of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants in Medicaid: Budgetary Assessment Based on Number Needed to Treat.

PubMed

Fairman, Kathleen A; Davis, Lindsay E; Kruse, Courtney R; Sclar, David A

2017-04-01

Faced with rising healthcare costs, state Medicaid programs need short-term, easily calculated budgetary estimates for new drugs, accounting for medical cost offsets due to clinical advantages. To estimate the budgetary impact of direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with warfarin, an older, lower-cost vitamin K antagonist, on 12-month Medicaid expenditures for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) using number needed to treat (NNT). Medicaid utilization files, 2009 through second quarter 2015, were used to estimate OAC cost accounting for generic/brand statutory minimum (13/23%) and assumed maximum (13/50%) manufacturer rebates. NNTs were calculated from clinical trial reports to estimate avoided medical events for a hypothetical population of 500,000 enrollees (approximate NVAF prevalence × Medicaid enrollment) under two DOAC market share scenarios: 2015 actual and 50% increase. Medical service costs were based on published sources. Costs were inflation-adjusted (2015 US$). From 2009-2015, OAC reimbursement per claim increased by 173 and 279% under maximum and minimum rebate scenarios, respectively, while DOAC market share increased from 0 to 21%. Compared with a warfarin-only counterfactual, counts of ischemic strokes, intracranial hemorrhages, and systemic embolisms declined by 36, 280, and 111, respectively; counts of gastrointestinal hemorrhages increased by 794. Avoided events and reduced monitoring, respectively, offset 3-5% and 15-24% of increased drug cost. Net of offsets, DOAC-related cost increases were US$258-US$464 per patient per year (PPPY) in 2015 and US$309-US$579 PPPY after market share increase. Avoided medical events offset a small portion of DOAC-related drug cost increase. NNT-based calculations provide a transparent source of budgetary-impact information for new medications.

Applying a Reverse Auction to Reduce Stormwater Runoff

EPA Science Inventory

Incentivizing commercial properties to adopt stormwater runoff control is usually done through command-and-control tactics such as stormwater fees with rebates for implementation of certain best management practices (BMP). In recently-built housing developments around the count...

7 CFR 277.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...; rebates or allowances; recoveries or indemnities on losses; sale of publications, equipment, and scrap.... Recovery is accomplished by accounting adjustments to increase Federal funds on hand or disbursed. OMB...

Economic Incentives for Stormwater Control (ISBN9781439845608)

EPA Science Inventory

Addressing a huge knowledge gap from a policy perspective, this book focuses on the economic tools available for stormwater runoff control. It provides case studies demonstrating the application of various incentives, such as tradable credits, fees with rebates, and auction mecha...

78 FR 27464 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-10

... providing more favorable fee economics to members that contribute to market quality and the Exchange's... favor competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to be excessive, or rebate...

44 CFR 13.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees shall disburse repayments to and interest earned on a revolving fund before requesting additional cash payments for the same activity. (2... income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on such funds before...

32 CFR 33.21 - Payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., refunds, and audit recoveries on payment. (1) Grantees and subgrantees shall disburse repayments to and interest earned on a revolving fund before requesting additional cash payments for the same activity. (2... income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on such funds before...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

receive a rebate of 75% of equipment cost, up to $2,500 for single port stations and $3,500 for multi-port installation cost, up to $30,000 for single port stations and $42,000 for multi-port stations. To receive a

48 CFR 970.5232-2 - Payments and advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5232-2 Payments and advances. As prescribed in 970.3270(a... Contractor's rights to any refunds, rebates, allowances, accounts receivable, collections accruing to the...

48 CFR 970.5232-2 - Payments and advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5232-2 Payments and advances. As prescribed in 970.3270(a... Contractor's rights to any refunds, rebates, allowances, accounts receivable, collections accruing to the...

48 CFR 970.5232-2 - Payments and advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5232-2 Payments and advances. As prescribed in 48 CFR 970... Contractor's rights to any refunds, rebates, allowances, accounts receivable, collections accruing to the...

48 CFR 970.5232-2 - Payments and advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5232-2 Payments and advances. As prescribed in 970.3270(a... Contractor's rights to any refunds, rebates, allowances, accounts receivable, collections accruing to the...

48 CFR 970.5232-2 - Payments and advances.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5232-2 Payments and advances. As prescribed in 970.3270(a... Contractor's rights to any refunds, rebates, allowances, accounts receivable, collections accruing to the...

Exploring the impacts of a national U.S. CO 2 tax and revenue recycling options with a coupled electricity-economy model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Caron, Justin; Cohen, Stuart M; Brown, Maxwell

This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the impacts of economy-wide CO 2 taxes in the U.S. simulated using a detailed electric sector model [the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS)] linked with a computable general equilibrium model of the U.S. economy [the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's U.S. Regional Energy Policy (USREP) model]. We implement various tax trajectories and options for using the revenue collected by the tax and describe their impact on household welfare and its distribution across income levels. Overall, we find that our top-down/bottom-up models affects estimates of the distribution and cost of emissionmore » reductions as well as the amount of revenue collected, but that these are mostly insensitive to the way the revenue is recycled. We find that substantial abatement opportunities through fuel switching and renewable penetration in the electricity sector allow the economy to accommodate extensive emissions reductions at relatively low cost. While welfare impacts are largely determined by the choice of revenue recycling scheme, all tax levels and schemes provide net benefits when accounting for the avoided global climate change benefits of emission reductions. Recycling revenue through capital income tax rebates is more efficient than labor income tax rebates or uniform transfers to households. While capital tax rebates substantially reduce the overall costs of emission abatement, they profit high income households the most and are regressive. We more generally identify a clear trade-off between equity and efficiency across the various recycling options. However, we show through a set of hybrid recycling schemes that it is possible to limit inequalities in impacts, particularly those on the lowest income households, at relatively little incremental cost.« less

Exploring the impacts of a national U.S. CO 2 tax and revenue recycling options with a coupled electricity-economy model

DOE PAGES

Caron, Justin; Cohen, Stuart M; Brown, Maxwell; ...

2018-02-01

This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the impacts of economy-wide CO 2 taxes in the U.S. simulated using a detailed electric sector model [the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS)] linked with a computable general equilibrium model of the U.S. economy [the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's U.S. Regional Energy Policy (USREP) model]. We implement various tax trajectories and options for using the revenue collected by the tax and describe their impact on household welfare and its distribution across income levels. Overall, we find that our top-down/bottom-up models affects estimates of the distribution and cost of emissionmore » reductions as well as the amount of revenue collected, but that these are mostly insensitive to the way the revenue is recycled. We find that substantial abatement opportunities through fuel switching and renewable penetration in the electricity sector allow the economy to accommodate extensive emissions reductions at relatively low cost. While welfare impacts are largely determined by the choice of revenue recycling scheme, all tax levels and schemes provide net benefits when accounting for the avoided global climate change benefits of emission reductions. Recycling revenue through capital income tax rebates is more efficient than labor income tax rebates or uniform transfers to households. While capital tax rebates substantially reduce the overall costs of emission abatement, they profit high income households the most and are regressive. We more generally identify a clear trade-off between equity and efficiency across the various recycling options. However, we show through a set of hybrid recycling schemes that it is possible to limit inequalities in impacts, particularly those on the lowest income households, at relatively little incremental cost.« less

Medicare and Medicaid fraud and abuse regulations.

PubMed

Liang, F Z; Black, B L

1991-11-01

Specific business arrangements that are protected under legislation and regulations governing parties doing business with Medicare or Medicaid are discussed. Regulations implementing the Medicare and Medicaid Patient Protection Act of 1987 specify practices and activities that are not subject to criminal penalties under the antikickback provisions of the Social Security Act or to exclusion from Medicare or state health-care programs. As of July 29, 1991, all organized health-care settings that receive payments from either Medicare or state health-care programs must comply with these regulations. The final rule sets forth "safe harbors"--exceptions to prohibitions against (1) kickbacks, bribes, rebates, and other illegal activities involving remunerations for patient referrals and (2) inducements to purchase or lease goods paid for by Medicare or state health-care programs. The safe harbors comprise 11 broad categories--investment interests, space rental, equipment rental, personal services and management contracts, purchase of a medical practice, referral services, warranties, discounts, employees, group purchasing organizations, and waiver of deductibles and coinsurance. Implications for pharmacy are discussed. These regulations will affect the purchase of pharmaceuticals by institutional pharmacies. Each institution should review its current practices to determine whether they are within the safe harbors.

77 FR 74703 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-17

... rule change which adopted rebates and fees relating to options on Facebook, Inc. (``FB''), Google, Inc... Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00...

78 FR 65430 - Notice of Rate To Be Used for Federal Debt Collection, and Discount and Rebate Evaluation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

... evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a cash discount. In addition, this rate is to be used in determining... for use in connection with Federal Cash Management systems and is based on investment rates set for...

Has The Era Of Slow Growth For Prescription Drug Spending Ended?

PubMed Central

Aitken, Murray; Berndt, Ernst R.; Cutler, David; Kleinrock, Michael; Maini, Luca

2016-01-01

In the period 2005–13 the US prescription drug market grew at an average annual pace of only 1.8 percent in real terms on an invoice price basis (that is, in constant dollars and before manufacturers’ rebates and discounts). But the growth rate increased dramatically in 2014, when the market expanded by 11.5 percent—which raised questions about future trends. We determined the impact of manufacturers’ rebates and discounts on prices and identified the underlying factors likely to influence prescription spending over the next decade. These include a strengthening of the innovation pipeline; consolidation among buyers such as wholesalers, pharmacy benefit managers, and health insurers; and reduced incidence of patent expirations, which means that fewer less costly generic drug substitutes will enter the market than in the recent past. While various forecasts indicate that pharmaceutical spending growth will moderate from its 2014 level, the business tension between buyers and sellers could play out in many different ways. This suggests that future spending trends remain highly uncertain. PMID:27605638

WashWise cleans up the Northwest: Lessons learned from the Northwest high-efficiency clothes washer initiative

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gordon, L.M.; Banks, D.L.; Brenneke, M.E.

1998-07-01

WashWise is a regional market transformation program designed to promote the sale and acceptance or resource-efficient clothes washers (RECWs) in the Northwest through financial incentives, education, and marketing. The Program is sponsored by the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (the Alliance), a non-profit regional consortium of utilities, government, public interest groups, and private sector organizations. WashWise started in May 1997 and will continue through the end of 1999. WashWise works to transform the clothes washer market primarily at the retail level through an in-store instant rebate and a retailer bonus. In addition to financial incentives, WashWise has undertaken a collaborative marketingmore » and promotional campaign to educate consumers about the financial savings and other benefits of RECWs. The program promotes only RECWs that meet strict energy and water savings criteria. WashWise has far exceeded initial expectations; annual program sales goals were met in the first three months. As of June 1998, 30,000 RECWs have been sold through the program (representing approximately 13 percent of the Northwest residential clothes washer market). In addition, over 540 retailers, including national and regional chains, are participating in the program. Preliminary survey results also have also provided evidence of broad customer satisfaction. This paper reviews the key elements that have contributed to the success of the WashWise program. In addition, the paper provides program results and indicates future directions for WashWise and the RECW market.« less

45 CFR 158.110 - Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... expenditures. 158.110 Section 158.110 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.110 Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures. (a) General...

45 CFR 158.110 - Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... expenditures. 158.110 Section 158.110 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.110 Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures. (a) General...

45 CFR 158.110 - Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... expenditures. 158.110 Section 158.110 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.110 Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures. (a) General...

45 CFR 158.110 - Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... expenditures. 158.110 Section 158.110 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.110 Reporting requirements related to premiums and expenditures. (a) General...

Wareham, Mass. Selected for $200,000 EPA Rebate to Reduce School Bus Emissions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Wareham, Mass. school district was chosen to receive $200,000 from the US EPA to retrofit the engines on seven older school buses so they would emit fewer pollutants that are linked to health problems such as asthma and lung damage.

Saco, Maine Gets $180,000 EPA Rebate to Reduce School Bus Emissions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Saco, Maine school district was chosen to receive $180,000 from the US EPA to retrofit the engines on seven older school buses so they would emit fewer pollutants that are linked to health problems such as asthma and lung damage.

Solar Thermal | Climate Neutral Research Campuses | NREL

Science.gov Websites

for research campuses. The following links go to sections that describe when and where solar thermal water consumption, or process heat for research. On-campus applications include concentrating solar incentives and rebates available? Is financing available? Research campuses should consider the following

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

PG&E Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) customers are eligible for a $10,000 rebate for the , bring the Customer Information Form and a copy of a recent PG&E utility bill to a participating dealership. For more information, visit PG&E

77 FR 56552 - Holiday Mobile Shopping Promotion

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-13

... period''). The Promotion is designed to spur mobile purchasing by putting mailers' mobile-optimized... rebate on the pre-discount postage of their qualifying mailings if a portion of their orders is fulfilled... * * * * * 709 Experimental and Temporary Classifications * * * * * [Revise the title of 3.0 as follows:] 3.0...

77 FR 16888 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-22

... Change To Delete Certain Select Symbols From the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols March 15, 2012. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act... [[Page 16889

75 FR 19297 - Medical Loss Ratios; Request for Comments Regarding Section 2718 of the Public Health Service Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

...This document is a request for comments regarding Section 2718 of the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act), which was added by Sections 1001 and 10101 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), Public Law 111-148, enacted on March 23, 2010. Section 2718 of the PHS Act, among other provisions, requires health insurance issuers offering individual or group coverage to submit annual reports to the Secretary on the percentages of premiums that the coverage spends on reimbursement for clinical services and activities that improve health care quality, and to provide rebates to enrollees if this spending does not meet minimum standards for a given plan year. Section 1562 of PPACA also added section 715 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and section 9815 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the Code). These two sections effectively incorporate by reference section 2718 and other amendments to title XXVII of the PHS Act. The Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and the Treasury (collectively, the Departments) invite public comments in advance of future rulemaking.

Impact of the Medicare Chronic Disease Management program on the conduct of Australian dietitians' private practices.

PubMed

Jansen, Sarah; Ball, Lauren; Lowe, Catherine

2015-04-01

This study explored private practice dietitians' perceptions of the impact of the Australian Chronic Disease Management (CDM) program on the conduct of their private practice, and the care provided to patients. Twenty-five accredited practising dietitians working in primary care participated in an individual semistructured telephone interview. Interview questions focussed on dietitians' perceptions of the proportion of patients receiving care through the CDM program, fee structures, adhering to reporting requirements and auditing. Transcript data were thematically analysed using a process of open coding. Half of the dietitians (12/25) reported that most of their patients (>75%) received care through the CDM program. Many dietitians (19/25) reported providing identical care to patients using the CDM program and private patients, but most (17/25) described spending substantially longer on administrative tasks for CDM patients. Dietitians experienced pressure from doctors and patients to keep their fees low or to bulk-bill patients using the CDM program. One-third of interviewed dietitians (8/25) expressed concern about the potential to be audited by Medicare. Recommendations to improve the CDM program included increasing the consultation length and subsequent rebate available for dietetic consultations, and increasing the number of consultations to align with dietetic best-practice guidelines. The CDM program creates challenges for dietitians working in primary care, including how to sustain the quality of patient-centred care and yet maintain equitable business practices. To ensure the CDM program appropriately assists patients to receive optimal care, further review of the CDM program within the scope of dietetics is required.

77 FR 47828 - Amended Notice of Intent To Prepare the Hawai'i Clean Energy Programmatic Environmental Impact...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-10

... efficiency and renewable energy activities and technologies to be analyzed in the PEIS and, accordingly, has... Renewables, (4) Alternative Transportation Fuels and Modes, and (5) Electrical Transmission and Distribution... Kaua'i; electric vehicle public charging networks; efficient appliance rebates; solar water heating...

45 CFR 158.615 - Failure to request a hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

....615 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.615... the notice described in § 158.613 of this subpart, HHS may assess the proposed civil monetary penalty...

45 CFR 158.615 - Failure to request a hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

....615 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.615... the notice described in § 158.613 of this subpart, HHS may assess the proposed civil monetary penalty...

45 CFR 158.613 - Notice of proposed penalty.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

....613 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.613 Notice... determining the amount of the proposed penalty. (5) A specific statement of the issuer's right to a hearing...

45 CFR 158.615 - Failure to request a hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

....615 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.615... the notice described in § 158.613 of this subpart, HHS may assess the proposed civil monetary penalty...

45 CFR 158.615 - Failure to request a hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

....615 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.615... the notice described in § 158.613 of this subpart, HHS may assess the proposed civil monetary penalty...

45 CFR 158.613 - Notice of proposed penalty.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

....613 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Federal Civil Penalties § 158.613 Notice... determining the amount of the proposed penalty. (5) A specific statement of the issuer's right to a hearing...

45 CFR 158.151 - Expenditures related to Health Information Technology and meaningful use requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Expenditures related to Health Information... HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.151 Expenditures related to Health Information...

45 CFR 158.151 - Expenditures related to Health Information Technology and meaningful use requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Expenditures related to Health Information... HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.151 Expenditures related to Health Information...

45 CFR 158.151 - Expenditures related to Health Information Technology and meaningful use requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Expenditures related to Health Information... Human Services REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.151 Expenditures related to Health Information...

45 CFR 158.151 - Expenditures related to Health Information Technology and meaningful use requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Expenditures related to Health Information... HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and Reporting § 158.151 Expenditures related to Health Information...

45 CFR 158.150 - Activities that improve health care quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... required in § 158.110 of this subpart must include expenditures for activities that improve health care... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Activities that improve health care quality. 158... HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and...

45 CFR 158.150 - Activities that improve health care quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... required in § 158.110 of this subpart must include expenditures for activities that improve health care... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Activities that improve health care quality. 158... HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and...

45 CFR 158.150 - Activities that improve health care quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... required in § 158.110 of this subpart must include expenditures for activities that improve health care... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Activities that improve health care quality. 158... HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Disclosure and...

75 FR 32911 - Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review: Circular Welded Carbon Steel Pipes...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-10

... for convenience and customs purposes, the written description of the merchandise subject to this order... and unaffiliated customers, net of all movement charges, direct selling expenses, and packing. Where... market prices, less any applicable movement charges, discounts, rebates, and direct and indirect selling...

47 CFR 54.523 - Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) UNIVERSAL SERVICE Universal Service Support for Schools and Libraries § 54.523 Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services. An eligible school, library, or... discounts. An eligible school, library, or consortium may not receive rebates for services or products...

47 CFR 54.523 - Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) UNIVERSAL SERVICE Universal Service Support for Schools and Libraries § 54.523 Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services. An eligible school, library, or... discounts. An eligible school, library, or consortium may not receive rebates for services or products...

75 FR 61244 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 8038-R

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-04

... 8038-R AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice and request for comments... Form 8038-R, Request for Recovery of Overpayments Under Arbitrage Rebate Provisions. DATES: Written... information or copies of the form and instructions should be directed to R. Joseph Durbala at Internal Revenue...

78 FR 17266 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-20

... rebates to market participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange (``maker/taker fees and.... (``ESI''), E*Trade Financial Corp. (``ETFC''), iShares MSCI Mexico Investable Market (``EWW''), F5...''), Southwestern Energy Co. (``SWN''), Symantec Corp. (``SYMC''), Target Corp. (``TGT''), Tiffany & Co. (``TIF...

77 FR 46776 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-06

... with greater ease. \\4\\ Trading Application Software fees include Installation fees, Software License... Application Software fees; \\4\\ Proposed Section VI contains Access Service fees; \\5\\ Proposed Section VII... the QCC and Solicitation Rebate, Index License Surcharge, Market Maker Tiers, Payment for Order Flow...

29 CFR 4.168 - Wage payments-deductions from wages paid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... wage requirements of the Act will not be met where unauthorized deductions, rebates, or refunds reduce... reduce the employees' compensation below that required by the Act. Since it may be administratively... day regardless of the number of hours the employee may work that day, the preceding weekly amount...

Alternative Financing of Alternative Energy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California Higher Education, 1982

1982-01-01

The University of San Francisco financed conversion of three dormitories to solar heat by having private investors purchase and install equipment through a limited partnership. A public utilities rebate and eventual donation of the equipment also resulted. Available from California Higher Education, P.O. Box 26541, Sacramento, CA 95826, $2.00.…

47 CFR 54.523 - Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... discounts. An eligible school, library, or consortium may not receive rebates for services or products...) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) UNIVERSAL SERVICE Universal Service Support for Schools and Libraries § 54.523 Payment for the non-discount portion of supported services. An eligible school, library, or...

Plug-in Electric Vehicle Policy Effectiveness: Literature Review

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Yan; Levin, Todd; Plotkin, Steven E.

2016-05-01

The U.S. federal government first introduced incentives for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) through the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, which provided a tax credit of up to $7,500 for a new PEV purchase. Soon after, in December 2010, two mass-market PEVs were introduced, the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) Chevrolet Volt and the battery electric vehicle (BEV) Nissan LEAF. Since that time, numerous additional types of PEV incentives have been provided by federal and regional (state or city) government agencies and utility companies. These incentives cover vehicle purchases as well as the purchase and installation of electricmore » vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) through purchase rebates, tax credits, or discounted purchase taxes or registration fees. Additional incentives, such as free high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane access and parking benefits, may also be offered to PEV owners. Details about these incentives, such as the extent to which each type is offered by region, can be obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Alternative Fuel Data Center (http://www.afdc.energy.gov/). In addition to these incentives, other policies, such as zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) mandates,1 have also been implemented, and community-scale federal incentives, such as the DOE PEV Readiness Grants, have been awarded throughout the country to improve PEV market penetration. This report reviews 18 studies that analyze the impacts of past or current incentives and policies that were designed to support PEV adoption in the U.S. These studies were selected for review after a comprehensive survey of the literature and discussion with a number of experts in the field. The report summarizes the lessons learned and best practices from the experiences of these incentive programs to date, as well as the challenges they face and barriers that inhibit further market adoption of PEVs. Studies that make projections based on future policy scenarios and those that focus solely on international markets are not included in this report. Studies that only provide an overview of the current market without discussing how incentives influence the market are also not included.« less

Transitioning the California Energy Commission Eligible Equipment List to a National Platform

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Truitt, Sarah; Nobler, Erin; Krasko, Vitaliy

The Energy Commission called on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL)'s Solar Technical Assistance Team to explore various pathways for supporting continued evolution of the list. NREL staff utilized the Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency (DSIRE), California Solar Initiative (CSI) data, and information from in-depth interviews to better understand the impact of a lack of an updated list and suggest potential solutions. A total of 18 people from state energy offices, rebate program administrators, utilities, national testing laboratories, private companies, nonprofit organizations, and the federal government were interviewed between July and September 2013. CSI data were analyzedmore » to illustrate the monetary benefits of the algorithm behind calculating performance of PV modules included on the list. The primary objectives of this study are to: 1) Determine the impact of not maintaining the list, and 2) Explore alternatives to the State of California's maintenance of the list.« less

78 FR 3934 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-17

... Symbols, 2) increase the maker fee for complex orders that trade against Priority Customer complex orders... provides volume-based tiered rebates for Priority Customer complex orders in the Select Symbols (excluding... orders trade with non-Priority Customer orders in the complex order book. In the Select Symbols, the...

77 FR 16304 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

...\\ Market Maker Plus,\\8\\ Firm Proprietary, Customer (Professional),\\9\\ Non-ISE Market Maker,\\10\\ and Priority Customer.\\11\\ The Exchange is proposing to increase certain rebates for certain complex orders, as... determine whether or not they are meeting the Exchange's stated criteria. \\9\\ A Customer (Professional) is a...

78 FR 69900 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-21

... the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of trading on the Exchange. Amended Rebate for Double Play... Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule... to adjust the volume thresholds that must be met before an ETP Holder can be eligible to pay the...

Audit to Target Food-Service Corporations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Nirvi

2011-01-01

The author reports on the U.S. Department of Agriculture's plan to look closely at whether the food-service-management companies running many school cafeterias are passing along all the discounts and rebates they receive from their suppliers to the districts that hire them. The plan to probe companies will begin in August, said Alison Decker, a…

Nevada | Midmarket Solar Policies in the United States | Solar Research |

Science.gov Websites

the retail rate. RECs: Customer retain the ownership of renewable energy certificates (RECs). Meter Interconnection standards were adopted by PUCN in 2003 for customer-generators of Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific Utilities Commission of Nevada Customer-generators who do not avail renewable energy rebates from other

45 CFR 158.221 - Formula for calculating an issuer's medical loss ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... defined in § 158.140 of this part, plus the issuer's expenditures for activities that improve health care... incurred claims and expenditures for activities that improve health care quality are then multiplied by a... RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS ISSUER USE OF PREMIUM REVENUE: REPORTING AND REBATE REQUIREMENTS Calculating...

76 FR 4393 - Discover Financial Services Negotiated Service Agreement

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-25

... filed six attachments as follows: Attachment A--a copy of Governors' Resolution No. 11-2, authorizing a... initiation of the agreement) for all qualifying pieces. For Standard Mail, the rebate will be equal to 37.5... Standard Mail prices in existence at the initiation of the agreement) for all qualifying pieces. Id. at 4...

76 FR 76595 - Medical Loss Ratio Rebate Requirements for Non-Federal Governmental Plans

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-07

..., Department of Health and Human Services, Attention: CMS-9998-IFC2, P.O. Box 8010, Baltimore, MD 21244-8010... for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services, Attention: CMS-9998-IFC2... premium paid by subscribers of non-Federal governmental plans for the benefit of subscribers, ensuring...

76 FR 57778 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-16

... market making capacity must constitute a course of dealings reasonably calculated to contribute to the... registration and market making activity. The Exchange believes that the $0.02 rebate premium is equitable because that increased market making will, in turn, improve the amount of liquidity available on the...

78 FR 56962 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-70361; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2013-114] Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of... 7015(g), and the Schedule of Fees and Rebates Under Rule 7018(a) September 10, 2013. Pursuant to...

Colorado | Midmarket Solar Policies in the United States | Solar Research |

Science.gov Websites

-generators. Systems >10 kW must use a second meter to measure the output. Commercial customers can measures, including solar PV. Colorado Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Local authorities Colorado: Commercial Rebates for My Business Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency for Schools Loan

26 CFR 1.148-7 - Spending exceptions to the rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... finance a new office building. A uses proceeds of the bonds to purchase materials to be used in... contributes its ratable share of the cost of building the new facility to the project manager for the facility... expectations test for future earnings. For purposes of determining compliance with the spending requirements as...

26 CFR 1.148-7 - Spending exceptions to the rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... finance a new office building. A uses proceeds of the bonds to purchase materials to be used in... contributes its ratable share of the cost of building the new facility to the project manager for the facility... expectations test for future earnings. For purposes of determining compliance with the spending requirements as...

26 CFR 1.148-7 - Spending exceptions to the rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... finance a new office building. A uses proceeds of the bonds to purchase materials to be used in... contributes its ratable share of the cost of building the new facility to the project manager for the facility... expectations test for future earnings. For purposes of determining compliance with the spending requirements as...

75 FR 36134 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-24

... categories of market participants: (i) Market Maker; (ii) Market Maker Plus; \\4\\ (iii) Non-ISE Market Maker... removing liquidity to the following class of market participants: (i) Customer, (ii) Directed Participant... provides a rebate for adding liquidity to the following class of market participants: (i) Customer, (ii...

75 FR 54682 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-08

... categories of market participants: (i) Market Maker; (ii) Market Maker Plus; \\4\\ (iii) Non-ISE Market Maker... charges a fee for removing liquidity to the following class of market participants: (i) Customer, (ii...) Professional. PHLX also provides a rebate for adding liquidity to the following class of market participants...

75 FR 68660 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-08

... proposed rule change reflects a competitive pricing structure designed to incent market participants to... Exchange believes that the above pricing is appropriate since higher rebates are directly correlated with... notes that it operates in a highly competitive market in which market participants can readily direct...

78 FR 3931 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-17

... thresholds through a single MPID to avoid providing excessive encouragement to members to aggregate the... a particular venue to be excessive, or rebate opportunities available at other venues to be more... standards applicable to exchanges. These competitive forces help to ensure that NASDAQ's fees are reasonable...

42 CFR 422.252 - Terminology.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... supplemental benefit, as described at § 422.266(b)(1). MA-PD plan means an MA local or regional plan that...). MA monthly prescription drug beneficiary premium is the MA-PD plan base beneficiary premium, defined... and the national average bid (as described in § 422.256(c)) less the amount of rebate the MA-PD plan...

42 CFR 422.252 - Terminology.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... supplemental benefit, as described at § 422.266(b)(1). MA-PD plan means an MA local or regional plan that...). MA monthly prescription drug beneficiary premium is the MA-PD plan base beneficiary premium, defined... and the national average bid (as described in § 422.256(c)) less the amount of rebate the MA-PD plan...

42 CFR 422.252 - Terminology.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... supplemental benefit, as described at § 422.266(b)(1). MA-PD plan means an MA local or regional plan that...). MA monthly prescription drug beneficiary premium is the MA-PD plan base beneficiary premium, defined... and the national average bid (as described in § 422.256(c)) less the amount of rebate the MA-PD plan...

45 CFR 158.231 - Life-years used to determine credible experience.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Life-years used to determine credible experience... and Providing the Rebate § 158.231 Life-years used to determine credible experience. (a) The life-years used to determine the credibility of an issuer's experience are the life-years for the MLR...

45 CFR 158.231 - Life-years used to determine credible experience.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Life-years used to determine credible experience... and Providing the Rebate § 158.231 Life-years used to determine credible experience. (a) The life-years used to determine the credibility of an issuer's experience are the life-years for the MLR...

77 FR 35723 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-14

.../taker fees and rebates, which are designed to attract complex orders to the Exchange, and has a specific... per contract applicable to customers that transact in complex orders, i.e., customer complex orders that interact with complex orders residing on the complex order book thereby taking liquidity from the...

76 FR 64403 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-18

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-65381; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2011-128] Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Relating to Customer Rebates To Add Liquidity September 22, 2011. Correction In notice...

75 FR 18061 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Texas; Control of Air Pollution...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Texas; Control of Air Pollution From Motor Vehicles AGENCY... Chapter 114, Control of Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles. These revisions consist of the new Rebate Grant... air pollution regulations and control strategies to ensure that air quality meets the National Ambient...

77 FR 27256 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-09

... general matter, the changes will result in fee increases and rebate reductions that reflect the persistent... the orders of institutional investors are executed in dark pools. Securities Exchange Act Release No... trading and un- displayed, or ``dark,'' liquidity. See also Mary L. Schapiro, Strengthening Our Equity...

77 FR 63422 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Information Collection Tools

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-16

... of tax-exempt bonds to rebate arbitrage profits earned on nonpurpose investments acquired with the... by Qualified Retirement Plan After Annuity Starting Dates (Sec. 1.417(e)-1); REG-105946-00 (TD 8995... Specific Amount in Gross Income; Form 6118, Claim of Income Tax Return Preparer Penalties; Form 5500-EZ...

78 FR 24269 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-24

... by the Exchange has proven to be an effective pricing mechanism and attractive to Exchange.... Additionally, the Exchange believes it remains an attractive venue for market participants to direct their... attracted to the Exchange by having attractive rebates. Finally, the Exchange notes that it operates in a...

77 FR 10016 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-21

... attractive to members and their customers. The Exchange believes that adopting maker/taker fees and rebates... Exchange believes it remains an attractive venue for market participants to trade complex orders as its... proposed fee change, the Exchange believes it remains an attractive venue for market participants to trade...

77 FR 28917 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-16

... pricing employed by the Exchange has proven to be an effective pricing mechanism and attractive to... excessive. With this proposed rebate change, the Exchange believes it remains an attractive venue for market... it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or appropriate in the [[Page 28919...

77 FR 26591 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-04

... Change Relating to Complex Order Fees for Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols April 30, 2012. Pursuant... Pricing Schedule titled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' with... Participant and Market Maker Fees for Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols. Those fees became effective on...

76 FR 65555 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-21

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-65583; File No. SR-ISE-2011-68] Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change to Amend the Volume Threshold for Tier-Based Rebates for Qualified Contingent Cross Orders and Solicitation Orders Executed...

76 FR 77279 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-12

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-65898; File No. SR-ISE-2011-78] Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change to Amend the Threshold Levels for Tier-Based Rebates for Qualified Contingent Cross Orders and Solicitation Orders Executed...

Country Review of Energy-Efficiency Financial Incentives in the Residential Sector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Can, Stephane de la Rue du; Shah, Nihar; Phadke, Amol

A large variety of energy-efficiency policy measures exist. Some are mandatory, some are informative, and some use financial incentives to promote diffusion of efficient equipment. From country to country, financial incentives vary considerably in scope and form, the type of framework used to implement them, and the actors that administer them. They range from rebate programs administered by utilities under an Energy-Efficiency Resource Standards (EERS) regulatory framework (California, USA) to the distribution of Eco-points rewarding customers for buying highly efficient appliances (Japan). All have the primary objective of transforming the current market to accelerate the diffusion of efficient technologies bymore » addressing up-front cost barriers faced by consumers; in most instances, efficient technologies require a greater initial investment than conventional technologies. In this paper, we review the different market transformation measures involving the use of financial incentives in the countries belonging to the Major Economies Forum. We characterize the main types of measures, discuss their mechanisms, and provide information on program impacts to the extent that ex-ante or ex-post evaluations have been conducted. Finally, we identify best practices in financial incentive programs and opportunities for coordination between Major Economies Forum countries as envisioned under the Super Efficient Appliance Deployment (SEAD) initiative.« less

[Regional differences in the use of 'no substitution' in the elderly after introduction of rebate contracts].

PubMed

Hoffmann, F; Windt, R; Glaeske, G

2011-07-01

As of 1 April 2007, pharmacists in Germany filling prescriptions covered by the statutory health insurance system (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, GKV) are required, whenever possible, to dispense a preparation for which a rebate contract is in effect. The physician can block drug substitution by crossing out 'aut idem' ('or the like') on the prescription form, for which regional variations were found. We have studied the differences between physicians belonging to different regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (Kassenärztliche Vereinigungen, KVs) in the use of the no-substitution option in the elderly. We used claims data of the Gmünder ErsatzKasse (GEK) and drew a random sample stratified according to the 17 KVs and 3 age groups (65-74; 75-84; 85+ years) of at least 75 continuously insured persons in October 2008 per stratum. After that, all prescriptions in which the physician could potentially have exercised a no-substitution option were selected and all relevant original prescriptions were examined. All estimates were weighted according to KVs, age groups and sex as of the structure of the GKV. The sample comprised of 3 672 persons and 5 745 prescriptions. The percentage of no-substitution prescriptions was 20.1% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 18.7-21.5) and we found no differences according to age and sex. Considerable differences were seen between the KVs that vary 6.8-fold between 6.2% (95% CI: 3.2-9.2) in Saarland and 42.2% (95% CI: 34.1-50.4) in Saxony. The use of the no-substitution option does not depend on age and sex of the patient but rather depends on regional factors. These considerable regional differences show that, in several regions, the use of the no-substitution regulation influences the effect of rebate contracts. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

77 FR 35727 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-14

... categories: ISE Market Maker,\\6\\ Market Maker Plus,\\7\\ Firm Proprietary, Customer (Professional),\\8\\ Non-ISE Market Maker,\\9\\ and Priority Customer.\\10\\ The Exchange is proposing to increase certain rebate amounts... Customer (Professional) is a person who is not a broker/ dealer and is not a Priority Customer. \\9\\ A Non...

77 FR 58424 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-20

... Priority Customer complex orders that they send to the Exchange in these symbols. In the Select Symbols, the Exchange currently provides a base rebate of $0.34 per contract, per leg, for Priority Customer complex orders when these orders trade with non-Priority Customer complex orders in the complex order book...

76 FR 63964 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-14

... stock's previous trading day's last sale price was greater than $100) in premium in each of the front... greater than $100) in premium across all expiration months in order to receive the rebate. The Exchange... fee is within the range of fees assessed by other exchanges employing similar pricing schemes and the...

78 FR 35654 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-13

... rebate will apply throughout that month. \\6\\ Phlx is adding a footnote to the fee schedule defining... not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers. \\9\\ 15 U... tier of $0.0028 per share executed upon the satisfaction of stipulated requirements for volume and...

42 CFR 440.170 - Any other medical care or remedial care recognized under State law and specified by the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (including contractors, owners, investors, Boards of Directors, corporate officers, and employees) from... payment or other form of remuneration, including any kickback, rebate, cash, gifts, or service in kind to... serving as an uncompensated director, trustee, officer, or other member of the governing body of an RNHCI...

77 FR 2583 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-18

..., other than a single equity option or a security futures product, whose value is based, in whole or in... Change To Amend its Fee Schedule To Assess Fees for Derivative Securities Products January 11, 2012..., effective January 9, 2012, to create a separate fee and rebate structure for Derivative Securities Products...

77 FR 74039 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-12

... The Exchange proposes to amend Section I, Part B of the Exchange's Pricing Schedule entitled ``Rebates... Order, to reinstate the Complex Order pricing differential that was suspended on April 30, 2012. In SR... amendments to Section I of its Pricing Schedule which amended certain fees and also the categories of market...

78 FR 76339 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

... November 1, 2013 the Exchange further amended its Schedule of Fees to increase its Market Maker Plus rebate... Maker Plus and are affiliated with an Electronic Access Member that executes a total affiliated Priority Customer ADV of 200,000 contracts in a calendar month.\\4\\ When introducing this new Market Maker Plus...

75 FR 18932 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-13

... for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose NASDAQ is making modifications to its pricing schedule for... venue. The change is designed to ensure that NASDAQ does not lose money on trade executions, as is... will eliminate circumstances in which NASDAQ loses money on order executions by paying a rebate that is...

77 FR 23788 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-20

..., Firm, Market Maker and Professional orders in equity and index options to the BATS Exchange, Inc... Market-Fees and Rebates,'' and are as follows: Exchange Customer Firm MM Professional BATS $0.55 $0.55 $0... contract for Customers, Firms, Market Makers, and Professionals but proposes to apply those fees solely to...

76 FR 33015 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-07

..., specifically a Complex Order Live Auction (``COLA'').\\5\\ The Exchange is not amending the Rebate for Adding... (collectively ``Other Auctions''). \\5\\ COLA is the automated Complex Order Live Auction process. A COLA may take place upon identification of the existence of a COLA- eligible order either: (1) Following a COOP, or (2...

45 CFR 158.241 - Form of rebate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... reimbursement using the same method that was used for payment, such as credit card or direct debit. [75 FR 74921... in the form of a premium credit, lump-sum check, or, if an enrollee paid the premium using a credit card or direct debit, by lump-sum reimbursement to the account used to pay the premium. (2) For each of...

76 FR 71102 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-16

... floor brokerage business has a different business model as compared to members conducting an electronic business.\\17\\ The Exchange believes that it is reasonable to pay a rebate for only eQCC Orders in an... QCC Orders is reasonable because of the different business models, described herein, that apply to a...

26 CFR 1.148-8 - Small issuer exception to rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Tax Exemption Requirements for State and Local Bonds § 1... taxing powers if it has the power to impose taxes (or to cause another entity to impose taxes) of general... limited to a specific type of tax, provided that the applicability of the tax is not limited to a small...

76 FR 71089 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-16

... Receipts/SPDRs (``SPY''); (ii) the PowerShares QQQ Trust (``QQQ'') [reg]; (iii) Apple, Inc. (``AAPL''); (iv... initially filed a proposed rule change \\6\\ to pay a different Customer Complex Order Rebate to Add Liquidity... the Exchange from continuing to increase its order flow. Currently, the Exchange pays a Customer...

76 FR 72498 - Rate for Use in Federal Debt Collection and Discount and Rebate Evaluation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-23

... evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a cash discount. In addition, 5 CFR 1315.8 of the Prompt Payment rule on... interest charges for outstanding debts owed to the Government. Treasury's Cash Management Requirements (TFM...: The rate reflects the current value of funds to the Treasury for use in connection with Federal Cash...

75 FR 25898 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-10

... Rule Change Relating to Rebates for Adding and Fees for Removing Liquidity April 30, 2010. Pursuant to... adding, and fees for removing, liquidity. While changes to the Fee Schedule pursuant to this proposal are..., the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to increase liquidity and to attract order...

78 FR 28688 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-15

... Maker has reached the Monthly Market Maker Cap, except for reversal and conversion strategies executed... reversal or conversion strategy \\8\\ execution. Today, the maximum rebate the Exchange will pay in a given month for QCC Orders is $275,000. Today, QCC Transaction Fees for a Specialist,\\9\\ Market Maker,\\10...

77 FR 58190 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-19

... amend NASDAQ's schedule of execution fees and rebates under Rule 7018(a). As a general matter, the... in dark pools. Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61358 (January 14, 2010), 75 FR 3594 (January 21... market structure issues, including high frequency trading and un- displayed, or ``dark,'' liquidity. See...

78 FR 51775 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-21

... change is available on the Exchange's Web site at www.nyse.com , at the principal office of the Exchange... (``ATSs''), including dark pools and electronic communication networks (``ECNs''). Competition among... at no charge on their Web sites in order to attract more order flow, and use revenue rebates from...

75 FR 42827 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation 121475-03 (TD 9339)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... Reduction Act of 1995, Public Law 104-13 (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)). Currently, the IRS is soliciting... information to ensure compliance with the requirement under the regulation that the taxpayer rebates the... revenue law. Generally, tax returns and tax return information are confidential, as required by 26 U.S.C...

26 CFR 1.148-7 - Spending exceptions to the rebate requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... excluded from the gross proceeds of the prior issue under the special definition of gross proceeds in... treated as gross proceeds of the refunding issue. Thus, for the refunding issue to qualify for the 6-month... those amounts continue to be used in a manner that does not cause those amounts to be gross proceeds...

77 FR 29425 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-17

... Change Relating to Complex Order Fees for Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols May 11, 2012. Pursuant to... Schedule entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols.'' The Exchange... Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols.'' \\7\\ The proposed amendments will enable the Exchange to continue to...

75 FR 44832 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-29

... Rule Change Relating to the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols July... Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section I of the Fee Schedule. While changes to the Fee Schedule... and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols as well as removing three options...

76 FR 49810 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-11

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols August 5, 2011... in Select Symbols.'' The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web site at.... (''JPM''); (x) iShares Silver Trust (''SLV''); (xi) Financial Select Sector SPDR (''XLF''); and (xii...

76 FR 4144 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-24

... PHLX LLC Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols January 14... Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to amend the Select Symbols in... Select Symbols. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web site at http...

77 FR 8934 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-15

... Change Amending the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols February 9, 2012... Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section I, Part A of the Exchange's Fee Schedule... and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' at Part A, entitled ``Single contra...

77 FR 1534 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-10

... Change Relating to the Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols January 4... Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols in Section I, Part A of the Exchange's Fee Schedule... and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols,'' at Part A, entitled ``Single contra...

77 FR 57169 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-17

... Change Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols September 11... Select Symbols.'' \\3\\ Specifically, the Exchange proposes to amend certain Simple Order Fees for Removing... and fees in Section I apply to certain Select Symbols which are listed in Section I of the Pricing...

Product self-management: evolution in recycling and reuse.

PubMed

Thomas, Valerie M

2003-12-01

This paper explores the potential to make product recycling and reuse easier by shifting responsibility for product management toward the product itself. Examples range from barcode-enabled Internet sales of used products to RFID-enabled garbage trucks that identify recyclable items and provide rebates. Initial steps toward product self-management have made opportunistic use of product bar codes and Internet markets. In the United States, Internet markets are driving increased reuse of products. In the European Union, recycling and waste management policy is driving the use of radio electronics in waste management. Prospects for product self-management are assessed from both a technological and an economic perspective. The technological analysis indicates that radio-frequency tags offer some advantages over bar codes, but their application to product self-management requires considerable investment in the waste management infrastructure. This suggests that early applications of advanced product tags are most suitable for Germany and other countries where the waste management industry has already integrated information technology into its operations. The economic analysis indicates that increased reuse of products can reduce consumption of new products and materials, although on a less than one-to-one basis, simultaneously reducing costs for consumers and deriving more value from existing products.

77 FR 23295 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-18

... on SPY to $0.33 per contract. Additionally, the Exchange is proposing to increase the amount of that... such SPY option contracts shall be $0.34 (currently $0.33) per contract per leg; if the Member achieves... contracts shall be $0.35 (currently $0.34) per contract per leg. The highest SPY rebate amount achieved by...

76 FR 56850 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change Relating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

....S.C. 78f(b)(4). With respect to the reduction of fees for taking liquidity, the Exchange believes... trading of Nasdaq securities pursuant to UTP. Additionally, the approach for lowering fees for taking... for taking liquidity from $0.0014 per share to a rebate of $0.0006 per share.\\7\\ The Exchange further...

42 CFR 422.266 - Beneficiary rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... based on the plan's quality rating under a 5 star rating system, as determined by the Secretary under... the case of a plan with a quality rating under such system of at least 4.5 stars, 70 percent of the... 3.5 stars and less than 4.5 stars, 65 percent of the average per capita savings. (C) In the case of...

42 CFR 422.266 - Beneficiary rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... plan's quality rating under a 5 star rating system, as determined by the Secretary under § 422.258(d)(7... plan with a quality rating under such system of at least 4.5 stars, 70 percent of the average per capita savings; (B) In the case of a plan with a quality rating under such system of at least 3.5 stars...

42 CFR 422.266 - Beneficiary rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... based on the plan's quality rating under a 5 star rating system, as determined by the Secretary under... the case of a plan with a quality rating under such system of at least 4.5 stars, 70 percent of the... 3.5 stars and less than 4.5 stars, 65 percent of the average per capita savings. (C) In the case of...

42 CFR 422.266 - Beneficiary rebates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... based on the plan's quality rating under a 5 star rating system, as determined by the Secretary under... the case of a plan with a quality rating under such system of at least 4.5 stars, 70 percent of the... 3.5 stars and less than 4.5 stars, 65 percent of the average per capita savings. (C) In the case of...

77 FR 28909 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-16

... executions in securities priced at least one dollar in the Exchange's Automatic Execution Mode of order... securities priced at least one dollar in AutoEx. Third, SR-NSX-2012-06 amended the rebate tiers applicable to order executions in securities priced at least one dollar in the Exchange's Order Delivery Mode of order...

77 FR 74536 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-14

... Participants will post additional liquidity on the Exchange if it (i) increases the rebate to $0.0030 per share when the Order Deliver [sic] Participant adds liquidity in a security quoted at a price of $1.00 or... ETP Holders with an incentive to post additional liquidity on the Exchange via Order Delivery Mode...

77 FR 6831 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-09

... correlation observed by NASDAQ between levels of liquidity provided during pre-market hours and levels... extra rebate with respect to all displayed liquidity provided through a designated MPID that executes at... Execution Ratio'' for the month is less than 10. The PMI Execution Ratio is defined as the ratio of (A) the...

78 FR 76353 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

... fees for routing options to away markets. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the... Exchange incurs for routing and executing certain orders in equity options to away markets. Today, the... assessed. If the away market pays a rebate, the Routing Fee is $0.00 per contract.\\4\\ \\3\\ Including BATS...

78 FR 5530 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... costs that the Exchange incurs for routing and executing orders in equity options to various away... routing orders to away markets plus the away market's transaction fee. The Exchange assesses a $0.04 per... addition to the actual transaction fee or rebate paid by the away market. The fixed Routing Fee is based on...

78 FR 14141 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-04

... The Exchange proposes to amend fees for routing options to away markets in Chapter XV, entitled... related to routing orders to away markets plus the away market's transaction fee. The Exchange assesses a... exchanges in addition to the actual transaction fee or rebate paid by the away market.\\3\\ \\3\\ Today, the...

78 FR 76358 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

... equity options to away markets. Today, the Exchange assesses a Non-Customer a $0.95 per contract Routing... transaction fee assessed. If the away market pays a rebate, the Routing Fee is $0.00 per contract.\\4\\ \\3... Fees, the transaction fee will continue to be based on the away market's actual transaction fee or...

78 FR 68122 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-13

... or for the account of a ``Professional'' (as that term is defined in Chapter I, Section 1(a)(48)). \\4... its own beneficial account(s) pursuant to Chapter I, Section 1(a)(48). All Professional orders shall...: Rebate to add Monthly volume liquidity Tier 1--Participant adds Customer and/or Professional $0.25...

78 FR 29420 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-20

... solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \\2\\ 17 CFR... Public Customer complex orders, including those that trade against simple (non-complex) orders (excluding... rebate for all Maker simple orders (excluding trades on the open, for which no fees are assessed or...

75 FR 48397 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-10

... transactions) for the calendar month in which the executions occurred. There are three volume-based Tiers and the rate of applicable take fees and provide credits vary based upon the Tier into which a Participant falls. \\5\\ Through its filing on January 4, 2010, the Exchange instituted a tiered fee and rebate...

78 FR 62903 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

....0027 per share; (vi) lower the ADV threshold required to meet the MidPoint Match Volume Tier; and (vii...) lower the ADV threshold required to meet the MidPoint Match Volume Tier; and (vii) decrease the rebate... shares in average daily volume (``ADV'') on a daily basis, measured monthly; and (2) add at least 1,000...

77 FR 41847 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-16

... the Exchange's rate for routing orders to PSX, in response to the proposed pricing changes in PSX's... that add liquidity. The Exchange proposes to amend the pricing for Flag RS from a rebate of $0.0024 per...-competitive market in which market participants can readily direct order flow to competing venues if they deem...

75 FR 32526 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-08

... Rule Change Relating to Amending the Direct Edge ECN Fee Schedule June 2, 2010. Pursuant to Section 19... Direct Edge ECN's (``DECN'') fee schedule for ISE Members \\3\\ to pass through rebates/fees from other... by ISE and not EDGA Exchange, Inc. and EDGX Exchange, Inc. Direct Edge ECN LLC (EDGA and EDGX) will...

78 FR 21691 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-11

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Penny Pilot and Non-Penny Pilot Options April 5, 2013. Pursuant to Section... and the Customer Non-Penny Pilot Options \\4\\ Rebate to Add Liquidity. \\3\\ The Penny Pilot was... of Penny Pilot through June 30, 2013). See also NOM Rules, Chapter VI, Section 5. \\4\\ Non-Penny Pilot...

78 FR 75949 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-13

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to NOM Penny and Non-Penny Pilot Options December 9, 2013. Pursuant to... proposes to amend the NOM Market Maker \\3\\ Non-Penny Pilot Options \\4\\ Fee for Removing Liquidity and the NOM Market Maker Rebate to Add Liquidity in Penny Pilot Options.\\5\\ \\3\\ The term ``NOM Market Maker...

78 FR 24265 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-24

... transaction fees and provides rebates to market participants that add or remove liquidity from the Exchange...: (i) $0.32 per contract for Market Maker \\4\\ and Market Maker Plus \\5\\ orders, (ii) $0.36 per contract for Non-ISE Market Maker \\6\\ orders, (iii) $0.33 per contract for Firm Proprietary/Broker-Dealer and...

75 FR 32831 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-09

... Change To Change Its Transaction Fees and Rebates to Exchange Participants for SRO Fees and DEA... DEA Examinations. The text of this proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web site at... Exchange also proposes to reduce the DEA Examinations Fee under Section J.4. of the Fee Schedule from $1000...

78 FR 16898 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

... Proposed Rule Change Relating to Penny Pilot and Non-Penny Pilot Options March 13, 2013. Pursuant to... proposes to amend certain Penny Pilot Options \\3\\ Rebates to Add Liquidity and certain Non-Penny Pilot... through June 30, 2013). See also NOM Rules, Chapter VI, Section 5. \\4\\ Non-Penny Pilot Pricing includes...

75 FR 76065 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

... PHLX, Inc. Relating to Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select Symbols December 1... Select Symbols in Section I of the Fee Schedule. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the.... Purpose The purpose of the proposed rule change is to amend the list of Select Symbols in the Exchange's...

78 FR 42567 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-16

... Change To Eliminate Section I Pricing for Select Symbols July 10, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to remove its Select Symbols,\\3\\ along with pricing in Section I of the Pricing Schedule entitled ``Rebates and Fees for Adding and Removing Liquidity in Select...

75 FR 48734 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-11

...) ISE FIX Session Fees The Exchange proposes to charge for legacy ISE \\4\\ Financial Information Exchange...-79). \\5\\ As stated in SR-ISE-2007-79, the ISE used the Financial Information Exchange (FIX) protocol... will provide Members a $0.0031 rebate per share for liquidity added on EDGX if the Member on a daily...

78 FR 36006 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-14

... Flag RB. The proposed change represents a pass through of the rate that Direct Edge ECN LLC (d/b/a DE... in the financial markets. The Exchange believes that its proposal to lower the default rebate for... Change Relating to Amendments to the EDGA Exchange, Inc. Fee Schedule June 10, 2013. Pursuant to Section...

78 FR 27265 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGA Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-09

... rate that Direct Edge ECN LLC (d/b/a DE Route) (``DE Route''), the Exchange's affiliated routing broker... daily average volume of at least 50,000 shares from $0.0002 per share to $0.0005 per share). The... the financial markets. The Exchange believes that its proposal to pass through a rebate of $0.0005 per...

Utilisation of podiatry services in Australia under the Medicare Enhanced Primary Care program, 2004-2008.

PubMed

Menz, Hylton B

2009-10-30

In 2004, as an extension of the Enhanced Primary Care (EPC) program, the Australian Government introduced a policy of providing Medicare rebates for allied health services provided to patients with chronic or complex health conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utilisation of podiatry services provided under this scheme between 2004 and 2008. Data pertaining to the Medicare item 10962 for the calendar years 2004-2008 were extracted from the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) database and cross-tabulated by sex and age. Descriptive analyses were undertaken to assess sex and age differences in the number of consultations provided and to assess for temporal trends over the five-year assessment period. The total cost to Medicare over this period was also determined. During the 2004-2008 period, a total of 1,338,044 EPC consultations were provided by podiatrists in Australia. Females exhibited higher utilisation than males (63 versus 37%), and those aged over 65 years accounted for 75% of consultations. There was a marked increase in the number of consultations provided from 2004 to 2008, and the total cost of providing EPC podiatry services during this period was $62.9 M. Podiatry services have been extensively utilised under the EPC program by primary care patients, particularly older women, and the number of services provided has increased dramatically between 2004 and 2008. Further research is required to determine whether the EPC program enhances clinical outcomes compared to standard practice.

Heat pump associations, alliances, and allies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

Associations, Alliances, and Allies, a seminar and workshop sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute, was held in Memphis, Tennessee, April 10--11, 1991. The focus of the meeting was relationships forged between electric utilities and trade allies that sell residential heat pumps. one hundred and seven representatives of electric utilities, dealer/contractors, manufacturers, and consultants attended. Electric utility trade ally programs run the gamut from coop advertising to heat pump association to elaborate technician training programs. All utility participants recognize the important programs, since it is the trade ally who sells, installs, and services heat pumps, while it is the electricmore » utility who gets blamed if the heat pumps fail to operate properly or are inefficient. Heat pumps are efficient and effective, but their efficiency and effectiveness depends critically upon the quality of installation and maintenance. A utility can thus help to ensure satisfied customers and can also help to achieve its own load shape objectives by working closely with its trade allies, the dealers, contractors, manufacturers, and distributors. Attendees spent the morning sessions of the two day meeting in plenary sessions, hearing about utility and dealer heat pump programs and issues. Afternoon roundtable discussions provided structured forums to discuss: Advertising; Heat pump association startup and operation; Rebates and incentives; Technician training school and centers; Installation inspection and dealer qualification; and Heat pump association training. These proceedings report on the papers presented in the morning plenary sessions and summarize the main points discussed in the afternoon workshops.« less

Valuing Residential Energy Efficiency in Two Alaska Real Estate Markets: A Hedonic Approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pride, Dominique J.

Alaska households have high home energy consumption and expenditures. Improving the energy efficiency of the housing stock can reduce home energy consumption, thereby reducing home energy expenditures and CO2 emissions. Improving the energy efficiency of a home may also increase its transaction price if the energy efficiency improvements are capitalized into the value of the home. The relationship between energy efficiency and transaction prices in the Fairbanks and Anchorage, Alaska residential real estate markets is examined. Using a hedonic pricing framework and difference-in-differences analysis, the impact of the Alaska Home Energy Rebate program on the transaction prices of single-family homes in the Fairbanks and Anchorage housing markets from 2008 through 2015 is examined. The results indicate that compared to homes that did not complete the program, homes that completed the program sell for a statistically significant price premium between 15.1% and 15.5% in the Fairbanks market and between 5% and 11% in the Anchorage market. A hedonic pricing framework is used to relate energy efficiency ratings and transaction prices of homes in the Fairbanks and Anchorage residential real estate markets from 2008 through 2015. The results indicate that homes with above-average energy efficiency ratings sell for a statistically significant price premium between 6.9% and 17.5% in the Fairbanks market and between 1.8% and 6.0% in the Anchorage market.

Prescription Drugs: Comparison of DOD, Medicaid, and Medicare Part D Retail Reimbursement Prices

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215...Medicaid Services DIR direct and indirect remuneration DOD Department of Defense FCP federal ceiling price HCPCS Healthcare Common Procedure...prices, we used PDTS data from DOD; unit rebate amount (URA) and CMS-64 data from Medicaid; and the 2010 Direct and Indirect Remuneration (DIR

Harmonized sales tax a taxing issue for MDs in Atlantic Canada

PubMed Central

Robb, N

1997-01-01

Physicians in 3 atlantic provinces say the linking of provincial sales taxes with the GST exacerbates the inequity physicians face because it yet again adds to their overhead costs. Physicians in Nova Scotia have already won an annual rebate to compensate them for the heavier tax burden. Doctors in the Maritimes warn that heavier taxes make recruiting there even more difficult. PMID:9371073

78 FR 13925 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-01

... to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \\2... recently filed a rule change to amend its transaction fees and rebates for simple,\\6\\ non-complex orders.... \\6\\ C2 defines simple orders to exclude ETFs and indexes. \\7\\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No...

77 FR 68879 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-16

... 1934 (``Act''),\\1\\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\\2\\ notice is hereby given that on October 31, 2012... proposed rule change from interested persons. \\1\\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \\2\\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4. I. Self... proposes to amend Chapter XV, Section 2 entitled ``BX Options Market--Fees and Rebates.'' Specifically, the...

78 FR 76337 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

... under the Market Depth Tier 1 from $0.0032 per share to $0.00325 per share and amend the criteria... Depth Tier 1 from $0.0032 per share to $0.00325 per share and amend the criteria necessary to achieve... Depth Tier 1 The Exchange proposes to amend its Fee Schedule to increase the rebate to add liquidity...

A proposal to conserve black-footed ferrets and the prairie dog ecosystem

USGS Publications Warehouse

Miller, Brian; Wemmer, Christen; Biggins, Dean; Reading, Richard P.

1990-01-01

Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) have been poisoned throughout this century because of grazing competition with livestock. Recent evidence showed these early claims were exaggerated, but animal control was already entrenched in government policy. As a result, ongoing government subsidized poisoning has reduced prairie dogs to about 2% of their former distribution. The reduction of prairie dogs diminished species diversity in the arid grasslands of North America, including the potential extinction of the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes). Cost-benefit analysis revealed that poisoning costs more than any grazing benefits accrued. This analysis did not consider the long-term costs of reversing ecosystem degradation, the intangible value of biological diversity as a public benefit, or the depletion of biotic resources as a loss of actual or potential wealth. The government presently finances the poisoning policy and the preservation of endangered species like the black-footed ferret, two apparently conflicting programs. We, therefore, propose an integrated management plan that considers both interests. We propose that federal monies allocated to the poisoning program be converted into a rebate for ranchers who manage livestock while preserving the prairie dog community. This would redirect funds and personnel already allocated to prairie dog eradication to an incentive for ranchers who manage for livestock and wildlife. Livestock interests and grassland biotic diversity would both benefit.

A proposal to conserve black-footed ferrets and the prairie dog ecosystem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, Brian; Wemmer, Christen; Biggins, Dean; Reading, Richard

1990-11-01

Prairie dogs ( Cynomys spp.) have been poisoned throughout this century because of grazing competition with livestock. Recent evidence showed these early claims were exaggerated, but animal control was already entrenched in government policy. As a result, ongoing government subsidized poisoning has reduced prairie dogs to about 2% of their former distribution. The reduction of prairie dogs diminished species diversity in the arid grasslands of North America, including the potential extinction of the black-footed ferret ( Mustela nigripes). Cost-benefit analysis revealed that poisoning costs more than any grazing benefits accrued. This analysis did not consider the long-term costs of reversing ecosystem degradation, the intangible value of biological diversity as a public benefit, or the depletion of biotic resources as a loss of actual or potential wealth. The government presently finances the poisoning policy and the preservation of endangered species like the black-footed ferret, two apparently conflicting programs. We, therefore, propose an integrated management plan that considers both interests. We propose that federal monies allocated to the poisoning program be converted into a rebate for ranchers who manage livestock while preserving the prairie dog community. This would redirect funds and personnel already allocated to prairie dog eradication to an incentive for ranchers who manage for livestock and wildlife. Livestock interests and grassland biotic diversity would both benefit.

75 FR 27848 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; New York Stock Exchange LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

... liquidity to the NYSE in securities with a per share price of $1.00 or more, and the SLP (i) meets the 3.... \\6\\ The Exchange currently has a three tier structure of rebates paid only to SLPs when the SLP... a per share price of $1.00 or more, and the SLP (i) meets the Quoting Requirement and (ii) adds...

75 FR 27031 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-13

....25 $0.25 $0.25 $0.25 Fee for Removing $0.35 $0.45 $0.45 $0.45 Liquidity IWM, QQQQ, SPY Rebate to Add... executes in the Nasdaq Options Market shall be $0.45 per executed contract. (2)-(3) No Change. (4) Fees for... SPY options to $0.30 per executed contract.\\6\\ The fee to remove liquidity in these options will...

78 FR 77178 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-20

... ADV (excluding SPY) symbols SPY Tier 1; 0-39,999 ($0.33) ($0.66) ($0.36) Tier 2; 40,000-74,999 ($0.37... complex contracts. For Select Symbols (excluding SPY) this rebate is $0.33 per contract for Members with a... with a Priority Customer Complex ADV of 40,000-74,999 contracts (i.e., Tier 2), $0.37 per contract for...

LLWnotes - Volume 11, Number 3

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-04-01

This document is the April 1996 issue of LLWnotes. It contains articles and news items on the following topics: news items related to states and compacts, Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLW) Forum activities, and court rulings and calendars. State and compact items featured include Texas licensing procedures, renewal of Envirocare`s license, and Ward Valley. Massachusetts Board suspension of some siting tasks and Massachusetts Court rules for US DOE regarding rebates are also reported.

78 FR 966 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-07

... the HP-API order entry protocol (HP-API) in order to qualify for the rates on Flags ZA and ZR. The... via FIX in order to qualify for the rates on Flags ZA (rebate of $0.0032 per share) and ZR (fee of $0... qualify for the rates on Flags ZA and ZR. The attestation requirement, as described above and in SR-EDGX...

Elastic magnetic composites for energy storage flywheels

DOE PAGES

Martin, James E.; Rohwer, Lauren E. S.; Stupak, Jr., Joseph

2016-05-05

The bearings used in energy storage flywheels dissipate a significant amount of energy and can fail catastrophically. Magnetic bearings would both reduce energy dissipation and increase flywheel reliability. The component of magnetic bearing that creates lift is a magnetically soft material embedded into a rebate cut into top of the inner annulus of the flywheel. Because the flywheels stretch about 1% as they spin up, this magnetic material must also stretch and be more compliant than the flywheel itself, so it does not part from the flywheel during spin up. At the same time, the material needs to be sufficientlymore » stiff that it does not significantly deform in the rebate and must have a sufficiently large magnetic permeability and saturation magnetization to provide the required lift. It must also have high electrical resistivity to prevent heating due to eddy currents. In this paper we investigate whether adequately magnetic, mechanically stiff composites that have the tensile elasticity, high electrical resistivity, permeability and saturation magnetism required for flywheel lift magnet applications can be fabricated. Lastly, we find the best composites are those comprised of bidisperse Fe particles in the resin G/Flex 650. The primary limiting factor of such materials is the fatigue resistance to tensile strain.« less

The Australian health policy changes of 1999 and 2000: an evaluation.

PubMed

Hopkins, Sandra; Zweifel, Peter

2005-01-01

This article evaluates three measures introduced by the Australian Federal Government in 1999 and 2000 that were designed to encourage private health insurance and relieve financial pressure on the public healthcare sector. These policy changes were (i) a 30% premium rebate, (ii) health insurers offering lifetime enrolment on existing terms and the future relaxation of premium regulation by permitting premiums to increase with age, and (iii) a mandate for insurers to offer complementary coverage for bridging the gap between actual hospital billings and benefits paid. These measures were first evaluated in terms of expected benefits and costs at the individual level. In terms of the first criteria, the policy changes as a whole may have been efficiency-increasing. The Australian Government mandate to launch gap policies may well have created a spillover moral hazard effect to the extent that full insurance coverage encouraged policy holders to also use more public hospital services, thus undermining the government's stated objective to relieve public hospitals from demand pressure. Without this spillover moral hazard effect, there might have been a reduction in waiting times in the public sector. Secondly, the measures were evaluated in terms of additional benchmarks of the cost to the public purse, access and equity, and dynamic efficiency. Although public policy changes were found to be largely justifiable on the first set of criteria, they do not appear to be justifiable based on the second set. Uncertainties and doubts remain about the effect of the policy changes in terms of overall cost, access and equity, and dynamic efficiency. This is a common experience in countries that have considered shifts of their healthcare systems between the private and public sectors.

Direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising, 1989-1998. A content analysis of conditions, targets, inducements, and appeals.

PubMed

Bell, R A; Kravitz, R L; Wilkes, M S

2000-04-01

We conducted a content analysis of consumer-targeted prescription drug advertisements to explore trends in prevalence, shifts in the medical conditions for which drugs are promoted, reliance on financial and nonmonetary inducements, and appeals used to attract public interest. We collected the drug advertisements appearing in 18 consumer magazines from 1989 through 1998. Two judges independently coded each advertisement and placed it in a category pertaining to the target audience, use of inducements, and product benefits (mean kappa=0.93). We employed descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, and curve estimation procedures. A total of 320 distinct advertisements were identified, representing 101 brands and 14 medical conditions. New advertisement and brand introductions increased dramatically during this decade. Advertisements for drugs used for dermatologic, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and obstetric/gynecologic conditions were most common. Almost all of the advertisements were aimed at the potential user of the drug, not third-party intermediaries such as parents and spouses. Although most advertisements were gender-neutral, women were more likely to be exclusively targeted. One eighth of the advertisements offered a monetary incentive (eg, a rebate or money-back guarantee), and one third made an offer of additional information in printed or audio/video form. The most common appeals used were effectiveness, symptom control, innovativeness, and convenience. Consumer-directed prescription drug advertising has increased dramatically during the past decade. The pharmaceutical industry is turning to this type of advertising to generate interest in its products. Our data may be useful to physicians who want to stay abreast of the treatments that are being directly marketed to their patients.

78 FR 71690 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... of up to 39,999 contracts per day in a month. Tier 2 Participant adds NOM $0.30 Market Maker... symbols BAC, Pilot Options of GLD, IWM, QQQ 100,000 or more and VXX or $0.40 contracts per day in in SPY a... per day in a month. Tier 2 currently pays a $0.30 per contract rebate to Participants that add NOM...

Using Economic Experiments to Test the Effect of Reliability Pricing and Self-Sizing on the Private Provision of a Public Good Results: The Case of Constructing Water Conveyance Infrastructure to Mitigate Water Quantity and Quality Concerns in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaplan, J.; Howitt, R. E.; Kroll, S.

2016-12-01

Public financing of public projects is becoming more difficult with growing political and financial pressure to reduce the size and scope of government action. Private provision is possible but is often doomed by under-provision. If however, market-like mechanisms could be incorporated into the solicitation of funds to finance the provision of the good, because, for example, the good is supplied stochastically and is divisible, then we would expect fewer incentives to free ride and greater efficiency in providing the public good. In a controlled computer-based economic experiment, we evaluate two market-like conditions (reliability pricing allocation and self-sizing of the good) that are designed to reduce under-provision. The results suggest that financing an infrastructure project when the delivery is allocated based on reliability pricing rather than historical allocation results in significantly greater price formation efficiency and less free riding whether the project is of a fixed size determined by external policy makers or determined endogenously by the sum of private contributions. When reliability pricing and self-sizing (endogenous) mechanism are used in combination free-riding is reduced the greatest among the tested treatments. Furthermore, and as expected, self-sizing when combined with historical allocations results in the worst level of free-riding. This setting for this treatment creates an incentive to undervalue willingness to pay since very low contributions still return positive earnings as long as enough contributions are raised for a single unit. If everyone perceives everyone else is undervaluing their contribution the incentive grows stronger and we see the greatest degree of free riding among the treatments. Lastly, the results from the analysis suggested that the rebate rule may have encouraged those with willingness to pay values less than the cost of the project to feel confident when contributing more than their willingness to pay and to do so when they faced the endogenously-sized, reliability pricing solicitation since a rebate would likely return them positive earnings. In subsequent research we would like to explore the role of the rebate rule in the effectiveness of reliability pricing and self-sizing in increasing price-formation efficiency and reduce free riding.

The proposed general practice descriptors--will they influence preventive medicine?

PubMed

Moorhead, R G

1989-01-01

The proposed descriptor bill to change Medicare rebates to general practice patients could have a benefit to general practice preventive medicine. This seems possible through rewarding practitioners who spend more time with their patients and the positive effects of continuing medical education. However, the potential exists for whittling away any rewards for these practitioners by future governments and the audit of general practices could become a method of political control of Australian general practice.

Advanced Performance Hydraulic Wind Energy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Jack A.; Bruce, Allan; Lam, Adrienne S.

2013-01-01

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, has developed a novel advanced hydraulic wind energy design, which has up to 23% performance improvement over conventional wind turbine and conventional hydraulic wind energy systems with 5 m/sec winds. It also has significant cost advantages with levelized costs equal to coal (after carbon tax rebate). The design is equally applicable to tidal energy systems and has passed preliminary laboratory proof-of-performance tests, as funded by the Department of Energy.

Impact of Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 206 Rebates on Consumers and Renewable Energy Consumption, With Projections to 2010

EIA Publications

2006-01-01

The Energy Information Administration (EIA), with the agreement of the Department, interpreted section 206(d) as calling for a listing of the types of renewable fuels available today, and a listing of those that will be available in the future based on the incentives provided in section 206(d). This report provides that information, and also provides information concerning renewable energy equipment and renewable energy consumption.

Private health insurance: the problem child faces adulthood.

PubMed

Cormack, Mark

2002-01-01

Since its election to office in 1996, reform of Private Health Insurance (PHI) has been the most obvious health policy focus of the Howard Government. The reform process has focussed on price, product, promotion, legislation and regulation. It has resulted in one of the largest new Commonwealth health outlays in recent memory. Health insurance funds have emerged as active purchasers of care, not just passive reimbursers of costs. PHI fund reserves have moved from precarious liquidity to healthy surplus. Private hospitals are busier than ever before, but margins are slim. Anecdotally, public hospitals report little benefit to date. Waiting lists have not been reduced, and their budgets are unchanged as a result of the $2 Bn allocated under the 30% Rebate scheme. The paper begins by describing the origins of the PHI reform. Its objectives, policy initiatives, results to date and criticisms are analysed. Criticisms include the actual and opportunity costs. Specific concerns remain as to its effectiveness to date in reducing pressure on public hospitals, and perceived lack of equity for certain client groups. The most significant result is that much of the reform package is here to stay including the expensive and much criticised 30% rebate. Like Medicare before it, the PHI reforms have achieved bipartisan support. The paper concludes by describing future implications for Government, industry, consumers and the medical profession.

Can economic incentives enhance adoption and use of a household energy technology? Evidence from a pilot study in Cambodia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Usmani, Faraz; Steele, Jason; Jeuland, Marc

2017-03-01

While much work has examined approaches to increase uptake of a variety of household environmental, health and energy technologies, researchers and policymakers alike have struggled to ensure long-term use. Drawing on a pilot-scale experiment conducted in rural Cambodia, this study evaluates whether economic incentives enhance continued use of—and fuel savings from—improved cookstoves (ICS). Capital-cost subsidies that have been traditionally employed to enhance ICS adoption were augmented with rebates linked to stated and objectively measured use in order to investigate impacts on both initial and sustained adoption in the treatment group. Results show that households do respond to these rebates by adopting the intervention ICS at significantly higher rates, and by using it more frequently and for longer periods. Consistent with these stove-use patterns, solid-fuel use and time spent collecting or preparing fuels also decline. However, this effect appears to diminish over time. Thus, while economic inducements may significantly increase adoption and use of new environmental health technologies, corresponding reductions in environmental or livelihood burdens are not guaranteed. Additional research on the design and implementation of incentive-based interventions targeting households directly—such as carbon financing or other forms of results-based financing (RBF) for improved cookstoves—therefore seems warranted prior to wider implementation of such solutions.

101 Ways To Build Enrollment in Your Early Childhood Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montanari, Ellen Orton

Written for administrators of early childhood program centers, this book offers tips on how to increase enrollment. The book offers suggestions rather than a theoretical overview or a comprehensive marketing strategy. Suggestions offered include: (1) Offer a quality program; (2) be aware of your target market; (3) make your program unique; (4)…

Property Tax Assessments as a Finance Vehicle for Residential PV Installations: Opportunities and Potential Limitations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bolinger, Mark A; Bolinger, Mark

2008-02-01

Readily accessible credit has often been cited as a necessary ingredient to open up the market for residential photovoltaic (PV) systems. Though financing does not reduce the high up-front cost of PV, by spreading that cost over some portion of the system's life, financing can certainly make PV systems more affordable. As a result, a number of states have, in the past, set up special residential loan programs targeting the installation of renewable energy systems and/or energy efficiency improvements, and often featuring low interest rates, longer terms, and no-hassle application requirements. Historically, these loan programs have met with mixed successmore » (particularly for PV), for a variety of reasons, including: (1) historical lack of homeowner interest in PV, (2) lack of program awareness, (3) reduced appeal in a low-interest-rate environment, and (4) a tendency for early PV adopters to be wealthy, and not in need of financing. Although some of these barriers have begun to fade--most notably, homeowner interest in PV has grown in some states, particularly those that offer solar rebates--the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct 2005) introduced one additional roadblock to the success of low-interest PV loan programs: a residential solar investment tax credit (ITC), subject to the Federal government's 'anti-double-dipping' rules. Specifically, the residential solar ITC--equal to 30% of the system's tax basis, capped at $2000--will be reduced or offset if the system also benefits from what is known as 'subsidized energy financing', which is likely to include most government-sponsored low-interest loan programs. Within this context, it has been interesting to note the recent flurry of announcements from several U.S cities concerning a new type of PV financing program. Led by the City of Berkeley, California, these cities propose to offer their residents the ability to finance the installation of a PV system using increased property tax assessments, rather than a more-traditional credit vehicle, to recover both system and administrative costs. As discussed in more detail later, this seemingly innovative approach has a number of features that should appeal to PV owners, including: long-term, fixed-cost, attractive financing; loans that are tied to the tax capacity of the property rather than to the owner's credit standing; a repayment obligation that transfers along with the sale of the property; and a potential ability to deduct the repayment obligation from Federal taxable income, as part of the local property tax deduction. For these reasons, Berkeley's program--which was first announced on October 23, 2007--has received considerable nationwide attention in both the trade and general press. Since the announcement, cities from throughout California and the broader U.S. have expressed keen interest in the possibility of replicating this type of program. In California alone, the cities of Santa Cruz, Santa Monica, and Palm Desert are all reportedly considering similar programs, while the city of San Francisco has recently announced its own program, portions of which closely parallel Berkeley's approach. Berkeley's Proposed PV Program In addition, a bill (AB 811) that would authorize all cities (not just 'charter cities' like Berkeley) in California to create this type of program was approved by the California General Assembly on January 29, 2008 and passed on to the State Senate for consideration. That local governments from across California and the broader US are so genuinely excited about the prospect of supporting the installation of residential PV in their communities through this type of program is no doubt an interesting development. Given, however, the potential for such programs to negatively interact with the residential solar ITC, it is important to evaluate the financial attractiveness of this specific type of loan program, particularly in advance of any broader state- or nation-wide 'rollout'. This case study presents such an evaluation. Because Berkeley appears to have the most-well-developed proposal at the moment, this case study begins by describing Berkeley's program, as currently planned, in more detail. It then discusses subsidized energy financing and the potential negative tax implications of this type of program. Next, taking Berkeley's proposed program as a case study, it uses a simple pro forma financial model to first assess the potential financial benefit of the program relative to other commercially available financing options, and then to assess how much of that relative benefit might be eroded by the possible loss of the Federal ITC. Finally, it concludes by discussing potential actions that cities contemplating this sort of program might take to clarify the issues and optimize the value provided to participating residents.« less

Long-term Medicaid excess payments from alleged price manipulation of generic lorazepam.

PubMed

Bian, Boyang; Gorevski, Elizabeth; Kelton, Christina M L; Guo, Jeff J; Martin Boone, Jill E

2012-09-01

Cost savings from the use of generic drugs versus brand-name drugs are well known. Both private and public prescription drug plans encourage the use of generic drugs through a variety of mechanisms. The magnitude of cost savings for a given generic drug is dependent on the degree to which the generic market is competitive. Should the competitive structure become compromised, higher prices and reduced cost savings may result. An alleged conspiracy between Mylan Laboratories and its active-ingredient suppliers in 1997 was associated with an increase in seller concentration in the generic lorazepam market. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) alleged that Mylan raised costs to consumers by $120 million because of price increases for generic lorazepam from March through December 1998 and for generic clorazepate from January through December 1998. In November 2002, a settlement with Mylan was approved by the FTC, and a federal district court required Mylan to pay $147 million, including $28.2 million to state agencies including Medicaid. To (a) describe the seller concentration in the national Medicaid generic lorazepam market over a 19-year period from January 1991 through December 2009, (b) estimate the excess payments for generic lorazepam by Medicaid between 1998 and 2009, and (c) investigate potentially increased utilization and prices of 2 substitute pharmaceuticals: branded lorazepam (Ativan) and generic alprazolam (another widely used intermediate-acting benzodiazepine). Using Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data from the Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services, we calculated the 4-firm concentration ratio (CR₄) and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) for the Medicaid generic lorazepam market, along with pre-rebate reimbursement for pharmacy claims, number of claims (utilization), and average pre-rebate reimbursement per claim (average "price") for generic lorazepam, from 1991 through 2009. Medicaid's excess payments were estimated under 2 different assumptions regarding what the average generic lorazepam price would have been in the absence of the alleged conspiracy. To find counterfactual prices, the average per-claim reimbursement for lorazepam for the 4 quarters prior to the alleged conspiracy, $6.80, was inflated using (a) the quarterly change in the average per-claim reimbursement for generic alprazolam and (b) the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all urban consumers, all goods. Potential impact of the alleged conspiracy on the branded lorazepam and generic alprazolam markets was investigated. The average pre-rebate reimbursements per claim for generic lorazepam were $10.25, $23.12, and $8.48 in 1991, 1998, and 2009, respectively. For the same 3 years, CR₄ = 52.80, 76.02, and 86.74, while HHI = 905.71, 2,166.25, and 2,233.36. Medicaid's excess payments from 1998-2009 were estimated at approximately $625-$657 million. The data also suggest the possibility of small impacts on the utilization of branded lorazepam and the price of generic alprazolam. Prior to the alleged conspiracy in 1997, average pre-rebate reimbursement per claim for generic lorazepam was declining, while seller concentration was rising. After a jump in average payment per claim in the years immediately following the alleged conspiracy, prices have gradually returned to their pre-1998 levels. However, the generic lorazepam market was more concentrated in 2009 than prior to the alleged conspiracy. Copyright © 2012, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy. All rights reserved.

Home Performance with ENERGY STAR: Utility Bill Analysis on Homes Participating in Austin Energy's Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Belzer, D.; Mosey, G.; Dagher, L.

2008-01-01

Home Performance with ENERGY STAR (HPwES) is a jointly managed program of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This program focuses on improving energy efficiency in existing homes via a whole-house approach to assessing and improving a home's energy performance, and helping to protect the environment. As a local sponsor for HPwES, Austin Energy's HPwES program offers a complete home energy assessment and a list of recommendations for efficiency improvements, along with cost estimates. The owner can choose to implement only one or the complete set of energy conservation measures. Austin Energy facilitatesmore » the process by providing economic incentives to the homeowner through its HPwES Loan program and its HPwES Rebate program. In 2005, the total number of participants in both programs was approximately 1,400. Both programs are only available for improvements made by a participating HPwES contractor. The individual household billing data - encompassing more than 7,000 households - provided by Austin Energy provides a rich data set to estimate the impacts of its HPwES program. The length of the billing histories is sufficient to develop PRISM-type models of electricity use based on several years of monthly bills before and after the installation of the conservation measures. Individual household savings were estimated from a restricted version of a PRISM-type regression model where the reference temperature to define cooling (or heating degree days) was estimated along with other parameters. Because the statistical quality of the regression models varies across individual households, three separate samples were used to measure the aggregate results. The samples were distinguished on the basis of the statistical significance of the estimated (normalized) cooling consumption. A normalized measure of cooling consumption was based on average temperatures observed over the most recent nine-year period ending in 2006. This study provided a statistically rigorous approach to incorporating the variability of expected savings across the households in the sample together with the uncertainty inherent in the regression models used to estimate those savings. While the impact of the regression errors was found to be relatively small in these particular samples, this approach may be useful in future studies using individual household billing data. The median percentage savings for the largest sample of 6,000 households in the analysis was 32%, while the mean savings was 28%. Because the number of households in the sample is very large, the standard error associated with the mean percentage savings are very small, less than 1%. A conservative statement of the average savings is that is falls in the range of 25% to 30% with a high level of certainty. This preliminary analysis provides robust estimates of average program savings, but offers no insight into how savings may vary by type of conservation measure or whether savings vary by the amount of cooling electricity used prior to undertaking the measure. Follow-up researchers may want to analyze the impacts of specific ECMs. Households that use electricity for heating might also be separately analyzed. In potential future work several methodological improvements could also be explored. As mentioned in Section 2, there was no formal attempt to clean the data set of outliers and other abnormal patterns of billing data prior to the statistical analysis. The restriction of a constant reference temperature might also be relaxed. This approach may provide evidence as to whether any 'take-back' efforts are present, whereby thermostat settings are lowered during the summer months after the measures are undertaken (reflected in lower reference temperatures in the post-ECM period). A more extended analysis may also justify the investment in and use of the PRISM software package, which may provide more diagnostic measures with respect to the reference temperature. PRISM also appears to contain some built-in capability to detect outliers and other anomalous data points.« less

EnergyFit Nevada (formerly known as the Nevada Retrofit Initiative) final report and technical evaluation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carvill, Anna; Bushman, Kate; Ellsworth, Amy

2014-06-17

The EnergyFit Nevada (EFN) Better Buildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP, and referred to in this document as the EFN program) currently encourages Nevada residents to make whole-house energy-efficient improvements by providing rebates, financing, and access to a network of qualified home improvement contractors. The BBNP funding, consisting of 34 Energy Efficiency Conservation Block Grants (EECBG) and seven State Energy Program (SEP) grants, was awarded for a three-year period to the State of Nevada in 2010 and used for initial program design and implementation. By the end of first quarter in 2014, the program had achieved upgrades in 553 homes, with anmore » average energy reduction of 32% per home. Other achievements included: Completed 893 residential energy audits and installed upgrades in 0.05% of all Nevada single-family homes1 Achieved an overall conversation rate of 38.1%2 7,089,089 kWh of modeled energy savings3 Total annual homeowner energy savings of approximately $525,7523 Efficiency upgrades completed on 1,100,484 square feet of homes3 $139,992 granted in loans to homeowners for energy-efficiency upgrades 29,285 hours of labor and $3,864,272 worth of work conducted by Nevada auditors and contractors4 40 contractors trained in Nevada 37 contractors with Building Performance Institute (BPI) certification in Nevada 19 contractors actively participating in the EFN program in Nevada 1 Calculated using 2012 U.S. Census data reporting 1,182,870 homes in Nevada. 2 Conversion rate through March 31, 2014, for all Nevada Retrofit Initiative (NRI)-funded projects, calculated using the EFN tracking database. 3 OptiMiser energy modeling, based on current utility rates. 4 This is the sum of $3,596,561 in retrofit invoice value and $247,711 in audit invoice value.« less

Student Health, Student Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broderick, Susan

2003-01-01

Describes the Student Health Services and Wellness Program at Santa Barbara City College, California. The program is funded by student health fees, and offers mental health services, health education, and academic services. The program also presents professional development seminars, offers program development consultations, and offers services in…

Piloting improved cookstoves in India.

PubMed

Lewis, Jessica J; Bhojvaid, Vasundhara; Brooks, Nina; Das, Ipsita; Jeuland, Marc A; Patange, Omkar; Pattanayak, Subhrendu K

2015-01-01

Despite the potential of improved cookstoves to reduce the adverse environmental and health impacts of solid fuel use, their adoption and use remains low. Social marketing-with its focus on the marketing mix of promotion, product, price, and place-offers a useful way to understand household behaviors and design campaigns to change biomass fuel use. We report on a series of pilots across 3 Indian states that use different combinations of the marketing mix. We find sales varying from 0% to 60%. Behavior change promotion that combined door-to-door personalized demonstrations with information pamphlets was effective. When given a choice amongst products, households strongly preferred an electric stove over improved biomass-burning options. Among different stove attributes, reduced cooking time was considered most valuable by those adopting a new stove. Households clearly identified price as a significant barrier to adoption, while provision of discounts (e.g., rebates given if households used the stove) or payments in installments were related to higher purchase. Place-based factors such as remoteness and nongovernmental organization operations significantly affected the ability to supply and convince households to buy and use improved cookstoves. Collectively, these pilots point to the importance of continued and extensive testing of messages, pricing models, and different stove types before scale-up. Thus, we caution that a one-size-fits-all approach will not boost improved cookstove adoption.

Financial risk management of pharmacy benefits.

PubMed

Saikami, D

1997-10-01

Financial risk management of pharmacy benefits in integrated health systems is explained. A managed care organization should assume financial risk for pharmacy benefits only if it can manage the risk. Horizontally integrated organizations often do not have much control over the management of drug utilization and costs. Vertically integrated organizations have the greatest ability to manage pharmacy financial risk; virtual integration may also be compatible. Contracts can be established in which the provider is incentivized or placed at partial or full risk. The main concerns that health plans have with respect to pharmacy capitation are formulary management and the question of who should receive rebates from manufacturers. The components needed to managed pharmacy financial risk depend on the type of contract negotiated. Health-system pharmacists are uniquely positioned to take advantage of opportunities opening up through pharmacy risk contracting. Functions most organizations must provide when assuming pharmacy financial risk can be divided into internal and external categories. Internally performed functions include formulary management, clinical pharmacy services and utilization management, and utilization reports for physicians. Functions that can be outsourced include claims processing and administration, provider- and customer support services, and rebates. Organizations that integrate the pharmacy benefit across the health care continuum will be more effective in controlling costs and improving outcomes than organizations that handle this benefit as separate from others. Patient care should not focus on payment mechanisms and unit costs but on developing superior processes and systems that improve health care.

Energy efficiency in the U.S. residential sector: An engineering and economic assessment of opportunities for large energy savings and greenhouse gas emissions reductions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lima de Azevedo, Ines Margarida

Energy efficiency and conservation is a very promising part of a portfolio of the needed strategies to mitigate climate change. Several technologies and energy efficiency measures in the residential sector offer potential for large energy savings. However, while energy efficiency options are currently considered as a means of reducing carbon emissions, there is still large uncertainty about the effect of such measures on overall carbon savings. The first part of this thesis provides a national assessment of the energy efficiency potential in the residential sector under several different scenarios, which include the perspectives of different economic agents (consumers, utilities, ESCOs, and a society). The scenarios also include maximizing energy, electricity or carbon dioxide savings. The second part of this thesis deals with a detailed assessment of the potential for white-light LEDs for energy and carbon dioxide savings in the U.S. commercial and residential sectors. Solid-state lighting shows great promise as a source of efficient, affordable, color-balanced white light. Indeed, assuming market discount rates, the present work demonstrates that white solid-state lighting already has a lower levelized annual cost (LAC) than incandescent bulbs and that it will be lower than that of the most efficient fluorescent bulbs by the end of this decade. However, a large literature indicates that households do not make their decisions in terms of simple expected economic value. The present analysis shows that incorporating the findings from literature on high implicit discount rates from households when performing decisions towards efficient technologies delays the adoption of white LEDs by a couple of years. After a review of the technology, the present work compares the electricity consumption, carbon emissions and cost-effectiveness of current lighting technologies, when accounting for expected performance evolution through 2015. Simulations of lighting electricity consumption and implicit greenhouse gases emissions for the U.S. residential and commercial sectors through 2015 under different policy scenarios (voluntary solid-state lighting adoption, implementation of lighting standards in new construction and rebate programs or equivalent subsidies) are also included.

Penny-pinching strategy pays off at the gas pumps. [Hudson Oil Co

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nazem, S.G.

1978-06-05

Mary Hudson Vandergrift is president and chief executive of Hudson Oil Company. She reigns over the oldest and one of the largest independent gasoline-marketing companies in the U.S., with 300 service stations scattered across thirty-six states, and her own refinery. Her company rang up sales of $230 million last year, and FORTUNE estimates that profits were in the neighborhood of $10 million. Many of Miss Hudson's strategies in gasoline marketing have been getting to be commonplace in the business. She runs a lean operation, cutting costs to the bone. She shuns grease racks and service bays; at each station amore » small, austere kiosk houses only a cash box and rest rooms. Most customers must serve themselves. She undersells the major oil companies by 1 to 2 cents per gallon. Her refinery turns out 450,000 gallons of gasoline daily, enough to fill 50% of Hudson's retail needs and for every barrel of crude it refines, Hudson Oil gets a rebate of about $2 from the government as part of the entitlements program that aims to keep small refiners competitive with the majors. (MCW)« less

Financial Recruitment Incentive Programs for Nursing Personnel in Canada.

PubMed

Mathews, Maria; Ryan, Dana

2015-03-01

Financial incentives are increasingly offered to recruit nursing personnel to work in underserved communities. The authors describe and compare the characteristics of federal, provincial and territorial financial recruitment incentive programs for registered nurses (RNs), nurse practitioners (NPs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), registered practical nurses or registered psychiatric nurses. The authors identified incentive programs from government, health ministry and student aid websites and by contacting program officials. Only government-funded recruitment programs providing funding beyond the normal employee wages and benefits and requiring a service commitment were included. The authors excluded programs offered by hospitals, regional or private firms, and programs that rewarded retention. All provinces and territories except QC and NB offer financial recruitment incentive programs for RNs; six provinces (BC, AB, SK, ON, QC and NL) offer programs for NPs, and NL offers a program for LPNs. Programs include student loan forgiveness, tuition forgiveness, education bursaries, signing bonuses and relocation expenses. Programs target trainees, recent graduates and new hires. Funding and service requirements vary by program, and service requirements are not always commensurate with funding levels. This snapshot of government-funded recruitment incentives provides program managers with data to compare and improve nursing workforce recruitment initiatives. Copyright © 2015 Longwoods Publishing.

Survey of Afterschool Programs Suggests Most Offer Fruit and Vegetables Daily

PubMed Central

Wiecha, Jean L.; Giombi, Kristen C.; Richer, Amanda; Hall, Georgia

2018-01-01

Introduction Most children underconsume fruit and vegetables. This study estimated the frequency and quality of fruit and vegetables offered during snack in US afterschool programs and examined program-level factors associated with offering them, including awareness and use of the National AfterSchool Association Healthy Eating and Physical Activity standards. Methods We conducted descriptive analyses and regression modeling by using data collected from 684 National AfterSchool Association members and their colleagues via a 2015 online survey. Results At the previous snack, 63% of respondents offered fruit, a vegetable, or both, with 42% offering only fruit, 18% offering fruit and vegetables, and 3% offering only vegetables. The quality of the items offered showed that most respondents selected the healthiest options, such as fresh fruit and vegetables. Controlling for other factors, we found that factors independently associated with offering fruit, vegetables, or both were membership in the National AfterSchool Association, using the standards for menu planning, and training staff members in healthy eating more than once a year. Programs run by school districts were less likely to offer fruit than programs run by other organizations. Conclusion Membership in the National AfterSchool Association and use of its Healthy Eating and Physical Activity standards are associated with offering fruit and vegetables during snack at afterschool programs staffed by National AfterSchool Association members and their colleagues across the United States. With over a third of sites surveyed offering neither a fruit nor a vegetable at the previous snack, additional implementation of the standards is still needed. PMID:29862963

The Program Administrator Cost of Saved Energy for Utility Customer-Funded Energy Efficiency Programs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Billingsley, Megan A.; Hoffman, Ian M.; Stuart, Elizabeth

End-use energy efficiency is increasingly being relied upon as a resource for meeting electricity and natural gas utility system needs within the United States. There is a direct connection between the maturation of energy efficiency as a resource and the need for consistent, high-quality data and reporting of efficiency program costs and impacts. To support this effort, LBNL initiated the Cost of Saved Energy Project (CSE Project) and created a Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program Impacts Database to provide a resource for policy makers, regulators, and the efficiency industry as a whole. This study is the first technical report of themore » LBNL CSE Project and provides an overview of the project scope, approach, and initial findings, including: • Providing a proof of concept that the program-level cost and savings data can be collected, organized, and analyzed in a systematic fashion; • Presenting initial program, sector, and portfolio level results for the program administrator CSE for a recent time period (2009-2011); and • Encouraging state and regional entities to establish common reporting definitions and formats that would make the collection and comparison of CSE data more reliable. The LBNL DSM Program Impacts Database includes the program results reported to state regulators by more than 100 program administrators in 31 states, primarily for the years 2009–2011. In total, we have compiled cost and energy savings data on more than 1,700 programs over one or more program-years for a total of more than 4,000 program-years’ worth of data, providing a rich dataset for analyses. We use the information to report costs-per-unit of electricity and natural gas savings for utility customer-funded, end-use energy efficiency programs. The program administrator CSE values are presented at national, state, and regional levels by market sector (e.g., commercial, industrial, residential) and by program type (e.g., residential whole home programs, commercial new construction, commercial/industrial custom rebate programs). In this report, the focus is on gross energy savings and the costs borne by the program administrator—including administration, payments to implementation contractors, marketing, incentives to program participants (end users) and both midstream and upstream trade allies, and evaluation costs. We collected data on net savings and costs incurred by program participants. However, there were insufficient data on participant cost contributions, and uncertainty and variability in the ways in which net savings were reported and defined across states (and program administrators).« less

Grade Validity of Online Quantitative Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faurer, Judson C.

2013-01-01

Are prospective employers getting "quality" educated, degreed applicants and are academic institutions that offer online degree programs ensuring the quality control of the courses/programs offered? The issue specifically addressed in this paper is not with all institutions offering degrees through online programs or even with all online…

Grade Validity of Online Quantitative Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faurer, Judson C.

2009-01-01

Are prospective employers getting "quality" educated degreed applicants and are academic institutions that offer online degree programs ensuring the quality control of the courses/programs offered? The issue specifically addressed in this paper is not with all institutions offering degrees through online programs or even with all online…

Pharmacy discounts on generic medicines in France: is there room for further efficiency savings?

PubMed

Kanavos, Panos; Taylor, David

2007-10-01

In France control of pharmaceutical expenditure has been a policy priority for many years and generic policies have featured prominently on the policy agenda. Measures including reference pricing, generic substitution and international non-proprietary name (INN) prescribing have been introduced in recent years. Generic manufacturers and wholesalers may offer discounts, rebates or promotions to pharmacies in order to gain an edge over their competitors, but their true extent is unknown. To identify the amplitude of discounts on generic medicines, and whether wholesalers or generic manufacturers offer these beyond officially negotiated margins and allowable discounts, by conducting a pilot study. Data on net prices were acquired for all available presentations of 11 generic molecules selected across different therapeutic categories included in the 40 most selling generic products in 2005. Data were obtained via a questionnaire survey followed by interview with selected pharmacies (n = 4) and whole-salers (n = 2). Pharmacies and wholesalers participated in this study subject to confidentiality and anonymity. Pharmacies usually prefer to buy generic products directly from manufacturers rather than from wholesalers in order to avoid paying additional margins imposed by wholesalers. Discounts are mostly price-related and generally vary from 20 to 70% off the wholesaler selling price (WSP), on top of the officially allowed 10.74%. Discounts on the ex-factory price (EFP) are much lower, typically around 7.5%. Discounts are prohibited for branded products, beyond the officially allowed ceiling of 2.5%. While horizontal integration among pharmacies is disallowed, pharmacies may form purchasing groups allowing them to realise greater discounts from suppliers. Overall, the evidence suggests that discounts occur in France beyond what may be allowable and their extent can be significant. If general discount levels for generic medicines are as high as this pilot study suggests, then this may imply that health insurance in France may be overpaying for commodity generic medicines.

Availability of high school extracurricular sports programs and high-risk behaviors.

PubMed

Cohen, Deborah A; Taylor, Stephanie L; Zonta, Michela; Vestal, Katherine D; Schuster, Mark A

2007-02-01

The Surgeon General has called for an expansion of school-based extracurricular sports programs to address the obesity epidemic. However, little is known about the availability of and participation in high school extracurricular sports and how participation in these sports is related to high-risk behaviors. We surveyed Los Angeles County public high schools in 2002 to determine the number of extracurricular sports programs offered and the percentage of students participating in those programs. We used community data on rates of arrests, births, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among youth to examine associations between risk behaviors and participation in sports programs. The average school offered 14 sports programs, and the average participation rate was 39% for boys and 30% for girls. Smaller schools and schools with higher percentages of disadvantaged students offered fewer programs. The average school offering 13 or fewer programs had 14% of its students participating, while the average school offering 16 or more programs had 31% of its students participating in sports. Controlling for area-level demographics, juvenile arrest rates and teen birth rates, but not STD rates, were lower in areas where schools offered more extracurricular sports. Opportunities for participation in high school extracurricular sports are limited. Future studies should test whether increased opportunities will increase physical activity and impact the increasing overweight problem in youths.

78 FR 78788 - Nondiscrimination in Programs or Activities Conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

... require that OASCR offer ADR services to complainants where appropriate. This amendment is intended to...'s Blueprint for Stronger Service. Offering ADR will expand the use of techniques currently applied... of agency program users. Alternative Dispute Resolution Services Offered to Program Complainants The...

Meeting the Public Health Challenge of Pain in Later Life: What Role Can Senior Centers Play?

PubMed Central

Tobias, Karen R.; Lama, Sonam D.; Parker, Samantha J.; Henderson, Charles R.; Nickerson, Allison J.; Reid, M.C.

2013-01-01

Background Interest in nonpharmacologic approaches for managing pain continues to grow. Aim To determine the types of pain-relevant programs offered by senior centers and whether the programs varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. Design and methods We conducted a telephone survey. Respondents were presented with a list of 15 programs (plus other) and asked: (1) whether the activity was offered and if so how often; (2) if they believed the programs had value for seniors with pain; and (3) whether the classes were advertised as a means of achieving pain relief. Setting New York City. Participants/Subjects Senior center agency staff, i.e., center directors, activity program coordinators. Results Of 204 center staff contacted, 195 (95.6%) participated. The most common programs offered were movement-based, including exercise (by 91.8% of the centers), dance (72.3%), walking clubs (71.8%), yoga (65.6%), and Tai Chi (53.3%) classes. Creative arts programs were also frequently offered, including music (58.5%) and fine arts (47.7%). Programs such as stress management (27%) and relaxation (26%) classes were less commonly offered. Most respondents identified movement-based programs as helpful for seniors with pain, while few identified creative arts classes as potentially beneficial. The programs/classes offered were infrequently advertised as a means of helping seniors manage pain, and varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. Conclusion Programs that have potential utility for older adults with pain are commonly offered by senior centers. Future research should determine optimal strategies for engaging older adults in these programs in the senior center setting. PMID:24144569

Profiting and providing less care: comprehensive services at for-profit, nonprofit, and public opioid treatment programs in the United States.

PubMed

Bachhuber, Marcus A; Southern, William N; Cunningham, Chinazo O

2014-05-01

Opioid use disorders are frequently associated with medical and psychiatric comorbidities (eg, HIV infection and depression), as well as social problems (eg, lack of health insurance). Comprehensive services addressing these conditions improve outcomes. To compare the proportion of for-profit, nonprofit, and public opioid treatment programs offering comprehensive services, which are not mandated by government regulations. Cross-sectional analysis of opioid treatment programs offering outpatient care in the United States (n=1036). Self-reported offering of communicable disease (HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and viral hepatitis) testing, psychiatric services (screening, assessment and diagnostic evaluation, and pharmacotherapy), and social services support (assistance in applying for programs such as Medicaid). Mixed-effects logistic regression models were developed to adjust for several county-level factors. Of opioid treatment programs, 58.0% were for profit, 33.5% were nonprofit, and 8.5% were public. Nonprofit programs were more likely than for-profit programs to offer testing for all communicable diseases [adjusted odds ratios (AOR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2, 2.5], all psychiatric services (AOR, 8.0; 95% CI, 4.9, 13.1), and social services support (AOR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.3, 4.8). Public programs were also more likely than for-profit programs to offer communicable disease testing (AOR, 6.4; 95% CI, 3.5, 11.7), all psychiatric services (AOR, 25.8; 95% CI, 12.6, 52.5), and social services support (AOR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4, 4.3). For-profit programs were significantly less likely than nonprofit and public programs to offer comprehensive services. Interventions to increase the offering of comprehensive services are needed, particularly among for-profit programs.

Meeting the public health challenge of pain in later life: what role can senior centers play?

PubMed

Tobias, Karen R; Lama, Sonam D; Parker, Samantha J; Henderson, Charles R; Nickerson, Allison J; Reid, M Carrington

2014-12-01

Interest in nonpharmacologic approaches for managing pain continues to grow. The aim of this study was to determine the types of pain-relevant programs offered by senior centers and whether the programs varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. A telephone survey was conducted. Respondents were presented with a list of 15 programs and the option to choose "other" and asked (1) whether the activity was offered and, if so, how often; (2) if they believed the programs had value for seniors with pain; and (3) whether the classes were advertised as a means of achieving pain relief. Of 204 center staff contacted, 195 (95.6%) participated. The most common programs offered were movement-based, including exercise (by 91.8% of the centers), dance (72.3%), walking clubs (71.8%), yoga (65.6%), and Tai Chi (53.3%) classes. Creative arts programs were also frequently offered, including music (58.5%) and fine arts (47.7%). Programs such as stress management (27%) and relaxation (26%) classes were less commonly offered. Most respondents identified movement-based programs as helpful for seniors with pain, but few identified creative arts classes as potentially beneficial. The programs/classes offered were infrequently advertised as a means of helping seniors manage pain and varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. Programs that have potential utility for older adults with pain are commonly offered by senior centers. Future research should determine optimal strategies for engaging older adults in these programs in the senior center setting. Copyright © 2014 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Workforce Diversity: Implications for Business Educators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ball, Stacy L.

1997-01-01

Responses from 112 human resource managers in Chicago indicated that 42% offer diversity programs because it is an ethical approach to management; they offer only a few of the programs available and identified in the literature. Organizations whose major purpose is recruiting and developing a diverse work force offered more programs and a wider…

Health Science Students' Perception about Research Training Programs Offered in Saudi Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al Kuwaiti, Ahmed; Subbarayalu, Arun Vijay

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to examine the perceptions of students of health sciences on research training programs offered at Saudi universities. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted to capture the perceptions of health science students about research training programs offered at selected Saudi…

A Survey of Motion Picture, Still Photography, and Graphic Arts Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horrell, C. William

Over 2,500 U.S. and 60 Canadian schools provided data for this report on post secondary institutions offering programs in motion picture, still photography, and graphic arts instruction. Included are tables summarizing program-related data such as enrollment, institutions offering programs, and degrees offered. Also included is a directory of…

Methods Beyond Methods: A Model for Africana Graduate Methods Training.

PubMed

Best, Latrica E; Byrd, W Carson

2014-06-01

A holistic graduate education can impart not just tools and knowledge, but critical positioning to fulfill many of the original missions of Africana Studies programs set forth in the 1960s and 1970s. As an interdisciplinary field with many approaches to examining the African Diaspora, the methodological training of graduate students can vary across graduate programs. Although taking qualitative methods courses are often required of graduate students in Africana Studies programs, and these programs offer such courses, rarely if ever are graduate students in these programs required to take quantitative methods courses, let alone have these courses offered in-house. These courses can offer Africana Studies graduate students new tools for their own research, but more importantly, improve their knowledge of quantitative research of diasporic communities. These tools and knowledge can assist with identifying flawed arguments about African-descended communities and their members. This article explores the importance of requiring and offering critical quantitative methods courses in graduate programs in Africana Studies, and discusses the methods requirements of one graduate program in the field as an example of more rigorous training that other programs could offer graduate students.

Inventory of Academic Programs. Volume Three. Public Junior and Community Colleges, Regional Technical Institute. A Planning Document of the Alabama Commission on Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Commission on Higher Education, Montgomery.

An inventory of academic programs offered for credit and learning to an academic award offered by Alabama's public junior and community colleges and by the Regional Technical Institute as of June 1, 1985, is presented. For each college and program, charts indicate program titles, levels of degrees offered, and accreditation status. Included are…

Evaluating the impact of new anticoagulants in the hospital setting

PubMed Central

Braidy, Nady; Bui, Khai; Bajorek, Beata

2010-01-01

The short-comings of current anticoagulants have led to the development of newer, albeit more expensive, oral alternatives. Objective To explore the potential impact the new anticoagulants dabigatran and rivaroxaban in the local hospital setting, in terms of utilisation and subsequent costing. Method A preliminary costing analysis was performed based on a prospective 2-week clinical audit (29th June - 13th July 2009). Data regarding current anticoagulation management were extracted from the medical files of patients admitted to Ryde Hospital. To model potential costing implications of using the newer agents, the reported incidence of VTE/stroke and bleeding events were obtained from key clinical trials. Results Data were collected for 67 patients treated with either warfarin (n=46) or enoxaparin (n=21) for prophylaxis of VTE/stroke. At least two-thirds of all patients were deemed suitable candidates for the use of newer oral anticoagulants (by current therapy: warfarin: 65.2% (AF), 34.8% (VTE); enoxaparin: 100%, (VTE)). The use of dabigatran in VTE/stroke prevention was found to be more cost- effective than warfarin and enoxaparin due to significantly lower costs of therapeutic monitoring and reduced administration costs. Rivaroxaban was more cost-effective than warfarin and enoxaparin for VTE/stroke prevention when supplier-rebates (33%) were factored into costing. Conclusion This study highlights the potential cost- effectiveness of newer anticoagulants, dabigatran and rivaroxaban, compared to warfarin and enoxaparin. These agents may offer economic advantages, as well as clinical benefits, in the hospital-based management of anticoagulated patients. PMID:25132883

Understanding customer experience.

PubMed

Meyer, Christopher; Schwager, Andre

2007-02-01

Anyone who has signed up for cell phone service, attempted to claim a rebate, or navigated a call center has probably suffered from a company's apparent indifference to what should be its first concern: the customer experiences that culminate in either satisfaction or disappointment and defection. Customer experience is the subjective response customers have to direct or indirect contact with a company. It encompasses every aspect of an offering: customer care, advertising, packaging, features, ease of use, reliability. Customer experience is shaped by customers' expectations, which largely reflect previous experiences. Few CEOs would argue against the significance of customer experience or against measuring and analyzing it. But many don't appreciate how those activities differ from CRM or just how illuminating the data can be. For instance, the majority of the companies in a recent survey believed they have been providing "superior" experiences to customers, but most customers disagreed. The authors describe a customer experience management (CEM) process that involves three kinds of monitoring: past patterns (evaluating completed transactions), present patterns (tracking current relationships), and potential patterns (conducting inquiries in the hope of unveiling future opportunities). Data are collected at or about touch points through such methods as surveys, interviews, focus groups, and online forums. Companies need to involve every function in the effort, not just a single customer-facing group. The authors go on to illustrate how a cross-functional CEM system is created. With such a system, companies can discover which customers are prospects for growth and which require immediate intervention.

The New Honors Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, David

1996-01-01

For high achieving college students, public college honors programs offer smaller classes and more faculty contact and attention than many regular academic programs. Some honors programs are more intensive than others, but most offer special benefits through non-academic opportunities. The programs bring talented students to the institutions and…

Disability Within US Public Health School and Program Curricula.

PubMed

Sinclair, Lisa Bundara; Tanenhaus, Rachel H; Courtney-Long, Elizabeth; Eaton, Danice K

2015-01-01

To describe the percentage of US public health schools and programs offering graduate-level courses with disability content as a potential baseline measurement for Healthy People 2020 objective DH-3 and compare the percentage of public health schools that offered disability coursework in 1999 with those in 2011. In 2011, using SurveyMonkey.com, cross-sectional information was collected from the deans, associate deans, directors, or chairpersons of master of public health-granting public health schools and programs that were accredited and listed with the Council on Education for Public Health. Two rounds of follow-up were conducted at 4-month intervals by e-mails and phone calls to program contacts who had not responded. The responses from schools and programs were calculated and compared. There were 78 responses (34 schools and 44 programs) for a response rate of 63%. Fifty percent of public health schools and programs offered some disability content within their graduate-level courses. A greater percentage of schools than programs (71% vs 34%; P = .003) offered some graduate-level disability coursework within their curricula. The percentage of schools that offered disability coursework was similar in 1999 and 2011. This assessment provides a potential baseline measurement for Healthy People 2020 objective DH-3. Future assessments should focus on clarifying disability content within courses and identifying capacity to offering disability training within public health schools and programs.

Preparing Teachers of Pupils with Mental Retardation: Changes in Course Offerings from 1970-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brusca, Rita M.; Montemurro, Theodore J.

1994-01-01

Comparison of typical courses of study from 1970 to 1990 for students preparing to be teachers of pupils with mental retardation found little change in percentage of programs offering a special course on mental retardation; increased percentage of programs offering cross-categorical courses; and decreased percentage of programs requiring joint…

Results of an Innovative Education, Training and Quality Assurance Program for Point-of-Care HbA1c Testing using the Bayer DCA 2000 in Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services

PubMed Central

Shephard, Mark D; Gill, Janice P

2003-01-01

This study describes the development, implementation and management of a multi-faceted quality assurance program called Quality Assurance for Aboriginal Medical Services (QAAMS) to support point-of-care HbA1c testing on the Bayer DCA 2000 in Aboriginal people with diabetes from 45 Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services. The quality assurance program comprised four elements: production of culturally appropriate education resources, formal training for Aboriginal Health Workers conducting HbA1c testing, an external quality assurance program and on-going quality management support services including a help hotline and an annual workshop. Aboriginal Health Workers were required to test two quality assurance (QAAMS) samples in a blind sense every month since July 1999. Samples were linearly related and comprised six paired levels of HbA1c. The short and long term performance of each service’s DCA 2000 was reviewed monthly and at the end of each six month testing cycle. The average participation rate over 7 six-monthly QAAMS testing cycles was 88%. 84% of 3100 quality assurance tests performed were within preset limits of acceptability. The median precision (CV%) for HbA1c testing has averaged 3.8% across the past 5 cycles (range 3.4 to 4.0%) and is continuing to improve. The introduction of a medical rebate for HbA1c testing has ensured the program’s sustainability. Through continuing education and training, Aboriginal Health Workers have achieved consistent analytical performance for HbA1c testing on the DCA 2000, equivalent to that of laboratory scientists using the same instrument. This unique quality assurance model can be readily adapted to other Indigenous health settings and other point-of-care tests and instruments. PMID:18568052

Retail prescription drug spending in the National Health Accounts.

PubMed

Smith, Cynthia

2004-01-01

Recent rapid spending growth for retail drugs has largely arisen from increased use of new drugs, rather than from increasing prices of existing drugs. A sizable shift in the payment from consumers to third parties has also contributed to faster growth. Strategies such as negotiating for rebates and using tiered copayments have sought to slow spending growth but simultaneously have complicated the estimation of spending in the National Health Accounts (NHA). NHA estimates show that retail pharmaceuticals' share of health spending is not much different than it was in 1960, although its share of gross domestic product (GDP) has tripled.

[MD PhD programs: Providing basic science education for ophthalmologists].

PubMed

Spaniol, K; Geerling, G

2015-06-01

Enrollment in MD PhD programs offers the opportunity of a basic science education for medical students and doctors. These programs originated in the USA where structured programs have been offered for many years, but now German universities also run MD PhD programs. The MD PhD programs provided by German universities were investigated regarding entrance requirements, structure and financing modalities. An internet and telephone-based search was carried out. Out of 34 German universities 22 offered MD PhD programs. At 15 of the 22 universities a successfully completed course of studies in medicine was required for enrollment, 7 programs admitted medical students in training and 7 programs required a medical doctoral thesis, which had to be completed with at least a grade of magna cum laude in 3 cases. Financing required scholarships in many cases. Several German universities currently offer MD PhD programs; however, these differ considerably regarding entrance requirements, structure and financing. A detailed analysis investigating the success rates of these programs (e.g. successful completion and career paths of graduates) would be of benefit.

Methods Beyond Methods: A Model for Africana Graduate Methods Training

PubMed Central

Best, Latrica E.; Byrd, W. Carson

2018-01-01

A holistic graduate education can impart not just tools and knowledge, but critical positioning to fulfill many of the original missions of Africana Studies programs set forth in the 1960s and 1970s. As an interdisciplinary field with many approaches to examining the African Diaspora, the methodological training of graduate students can vary across graduate programs. Although taking qualitative methods courses are often required of graduate students in Africana Studies programs, and these programs offer such courses, rarely if ever are graduate students in these programs required to take quantitative methods courses, let alone have these courses offered in-house. These courses can offer Africana Studies graduate students new tools for their own research, but more importantly, improve their knowledge of quantitative research of diasporic communities. These tools and knowledge can assist with identifying flawed arguments about African-descended communities and their members. This article explores the importance of requiring and offering critical quantitative methods courses in graduate programs in Africana Studies, and discusses the methods requirements of one graduate program in the field as an example of more rigorous training that other programs could offer graduate students. PMID:29710883

Programs Offered and Programs Completed at North Dakota Institutions of Postsecondary Education, July 1, 2008-June 30, 2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schepp, Julie; Domagala, Anna

2009-01-01

This report provides information on degree and certificate programs offered and student program completions for fiscal year 2008-09 in North Dakota's public and private postsecondary educational institutions. Institutional programs are coded in accordance with the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP Code) system provided by the National…

Programs Offered and Programs Completed at North Dakota Institutions of Postsecondary Education, July 1, 2001-June 30, 2002.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota Univ. System, Bismarck.

This report provides information on degree and certificate programs offered and student program completions for fiscal year 2001-2002 in North Dakota's public and private postsecondary education institutions. Institutional programs are coded in accordance with the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP Code) system provided by the National…

Programs Offered and Programs Completed at North Dakota Institutions of Postsecondary Education, July 1, 2002-June 30, 2003.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota Univ. System, Bismarck.

This report provides information on degree and certificate programs offered and student program completions for fiscal year 2002-2003 in North Dakota's public and private postsecondary educational institutions. Institutional programs are coded in accordance with the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code system and are organized in…

Programs Offered and Programs Completed at North Dakota Institutions of Postsecondary Education, July 1, 2000-June 30, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota Univ. System, Bismarck.

This report provides information on degree and certificate programs offered and student program completions for fiscal year 2000-2001 in North Dakota's public and private postsecondary educational institutions. Institutions programs are coded in accordance with the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code system of the National Center…

34 CFR 690.7 - Institutional participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Institutional participation. (a) An institution may not participate in the Federal Pell Grant Program if the institution— (1) Offers at least one eligible program for purposes of the ACG Program, as defined in 34 CFR 691.2(d), but does not participate in the ACG Program; or (2) Offers at least one eligible program for...

Early Lessons Learned from Extramural School Programs That Offer HPV Vaccine

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayes, Kim A.; Entzel, Pamela; Berger, Wendy; Caskey, Rachel N.; Shlay, Judith C.; Stubbs, Brenda W.; Smith, Jennifer S.; Brewer, Noel T.

2013-01-01

Background: There has been little evaluation of school-located vaccination programs that offer human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in US schools without health centers (ie, extramural programs). This article summarizes lessons learned from such programs. Methods: In July to August 2010, 5 programs were identi?ed. Semistructured, in-depth telephone…

76 FR 52962 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB; Emergency Homeowners' Loan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-24

... Homeowners Loan Program. The program will offer a declining balance, deferred payment ``bridge loan'' (non.... The program will offer a declining balance, deferred payment ``bridge loan'' (non-recourse...

Natural conditions and administrative settings for concentrating photovoltaics in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fu, Ling; Chen, Xiaoyuan; Leutz, Ralf

2012-10-01

It is an inevitable trend for China to develop green technologies to help the country to produce cleaner energy and to consume it more efficiently, under the pressure of energy security concern, the nation's emissions trajectory and sustainable economic development. The abundant solar resources in West China provide a big potential to utilize the solar energy. Under the promotion of key incentive policies including both feed-in-tariff (FIT) mechanisms and government rebate programs, China has become a major global solar force in photovoltaic (PV) industry both in manufacturing and in the installation of flat-plate products, with 16 GW production and 2.75 GW installation achieved in the year 2011. As a branch of PV technology, concentrating photovoltaics (CPV) technology with several years' development history in China is presently moving from pilot facilities to commercial-scale applications. Several MW-CPV power plants have been installed by both domestic and western companies in China, factories with several hundred-MW production capacity are being planned or built. Sustainable performance and reliability improvement of CPV modules, a vertical integration of supply chain in CPV industry aiming at a cost reduction, a sufficient grid infrastructure for facilitating the West-East and North-South electricity transmission will promote Chinese CPV market to actually initiate, develop and mature.

Assessment in Online Courses: How Are Counseling Skills Evaluated?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cicco, Gina

2011-01-01

Online courses are a necessary addition to most graduate education programs. Offering students the option of completing program requirements online makes the program more competitive, convenient, and attractive. Responsible online instructors and program administrators must consider whether or not specific courses that are offered in the…

20 CFR 664.600 - Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Are Local Boards required to offer summer... WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Summer Employment Opportunities § 664.600 Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program? (a) Yes, Local Boards are required to offer summer youth...

20 CFR 664.600 - Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Are Local Boards required to offer summer... INVESTMENT ACT Summer Employment Opportunities § 664.600 Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program? (a) Yes, Local Boards are required to offer summer youth employment...

20 CFR 664.600 - Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Are Local Boards required to offer summer... WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Summer Employment Opportunities § 664.600 Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program? (a) Yes, Local Boards are required to offer summer youth...

20 CFR 664.600 - Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Are Local Boards required to offer summer... WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT Summer Employment Opportunities § 664.600 Are Local Boards required to offer summer employment opportunities in the local youth program? (a) Yes, Local Boards are required to offer summer youth...

The Lederman Science Center: Past, Present, Future

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bardeen, Marjorie G.; /Fermilab

2011-11-01

For 30 years, Fermilab has offered K-12 education programs, building bridges between the Lab and the community. The Lederman Science Center is our home. We host field trips and tours, visit schools, offer classes and professional development workshops, host special events, support internships and have a strong web presence. We develop programs based on identified needs, offer programs with peer-leaders and improve programs from participant feedback. For some we create interest; for others we build understanding and develop relationships, engaging participants in scientific exploration. We explain how we created the Center, its programs, and what the future holds.

The Lederman Science Center:. Past, Present, Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bardeen, Marjorie G.

2012-08-01

For 30 years, Fermilab has offered K-12 education programs, building bridges between the Lab and the community. The Lederman Science Center is our home. We host field trips and tours, visit schools, offer classes and professional development workshops, host special events, support internships and have a strong web presence. We develop programs based on identified needs, offer programs with peer-leaders and improve programs from participant feedback. For some we create interest; for others we build understanding and develop relationships, engaging participants in scientific exploration. We explain how we created the Center, its programs, and what the future holds.

Ohio Entrepreneurship Education Grant Winners Showcase (Columbus, Ohio, May 11, 1988).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

This publication contains over 80 descriptions of grant-winning entrepreneurship education programs offered in Ohio public schools. Each program description contains information on some or all of the following: sponsoring school(s), project title, purpose, target population, program format and content, site and time of program offering, project…

76 FR 34639 - Funding Opportunity Title: Risk Management Education and Outreach Partnerships Program...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-14

... partnership agreements program is to deliver crop insurance education and risk management training to U.S... economic stability of American agriculture. On behalf of FCIC, RMA does this by offering Federal crop... programs, offering programs aimed at equal access and participation of underserved communities, and...

Graduate Programs and Faculty in Reading. Fourth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blomenberg, Paula, Ed.

Intended for reading teachers and consultants, students, and others who want information about the nature of graduate training programs in the field of reading, this book lists over 300 graduate reading programs offered in the United States and Canada. Institutions offering graduate programs are listed alphabetically by province for Canadian…

7 CFR 3431.17 - VMLRP service agreement offer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VETERINARY MEDICINE LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAM Administration of the Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program § 3431.17 VMLRP service agreement offer. The... provide veterinary services under the VMLRP. As part of the offer, successful VMLRP applicants will be...

Open Source and ROI: Open Source Has Made Significant Leaps in Recent Years. What Does It Have to Offer Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guhlin, Miguel

2007-01-01

A switch to free open source software can minimize cost and allow funding to be diverted to equipment and other programs. For instance, the OpenOffice suite is an alternative to expensive basic application programs offered by major vendors. Many such programs on the market offer features seldom used in education but for which educators must pay.…

"Creating" a University System for the 21st Century. Programs Offered and Programs Completed at North Dakota Institutions of Postsecondary Education. July 1, 2006-June 30, 2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota University System, 2008

2008-01-01

This report provides information on degree and certificate programs offered and student program completions for fiscal year 2006-2007 in North Dakota's public and private postsecondary educational institutions. Institutional programs are coded in accordance with the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code system and are organized in…

Determinants of small business interest in offering a wellness program to their employees.

PubMed

Divine, Richard L

2005-01-01

Data from a survey of small business managers were analyzed in order to identify the main determinants of how interested they were in offering a wellness program to their employees. The results indicate that interest in offering a wellness program is more a function of perceived effectiveness than it is related to the issue of whether the benefits these programs provide are relevant to the needs of small businesses. The results also suggest that humanitarian motives have a greater influence on small business interest in wellness than do financial motives.

Academic Executive Programs in Public Administration and Management: Some Variety across Europe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reichard, Christoph

2017-01-01

Universities and other higher education institutions in Europe offer a vast and increasing number of academic degree programs in the broad field of Public Administration. A subset of these programs is those offering postgraduate degrees to experienced students being already employed by public or private organisations. These executive programs are…

A Survey of Epidemiology and Biostatistical Offerings in Health Education Professional Preparation Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rainey, Jacquie L.; Lewers, Gary A.

2000-01-01

Surveyed college and university health education degree granting programs to investigate the status of training in epidemiology and biostatistics for health education students. Surveys of all schools from a national directory of programs indicated that programs were offering training in epidemiology and biostatistics for community/public health…

47 CFR 76.921 - Buy-through of other tiers prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE Cable Rate Regulation § 76.921 Buy-through of other tiers... video programming offered on a per channel or per program charge basis. A cable operator may, however... regard to the rates charged for video programming offered on a per-channel or per-program charge basis...

Proposed Accreditation Standards for Degree-Granting Correspondence Programs Offered by Accredited Institutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center, Washington, DC.

A study on proposed accreditation standards grew out of a need to (1) stimulate the growth of quality correspondence degree programs; and (2) provide a policy for accreditation of correspondence degree programs so that graduates would be encouraged to pursue advanced degree programs offered elsewhere by educational institutions. The study focused…