Sample records for rio tinto basin

  1. 76 FR 80430 - Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited; Notice of Application

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-23

    ... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Investment Company Act Release No. 29889; 812-13777] Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited; Notice of Application December 19, 2011. AGENCY: Securities and Exchange... Company Act of 1940 (the ``Act''). SUMMARY: Summary of Application: Rio Tinto plc (``RTP'') and Rio Tinto...

  2. Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE): 2003 Drilling Campaign to Search for a Subsurface Biosphere at Rio Tinto Spain

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stoker, Carol; Dunagan, Stephen; Stevens, Todd; Amils, Ricardo; Gomez-Elvira, Javier; Fernandez, David; Hall, James; Lynch, Kennda; Cannon, Howard; Zavaleta, Jhony

    2004-01-01

    The MARTE (Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment) project, an ASTEP field experiment, is exploring for a hypothesized subsurface anaerobic chemoautotrophic biosphere in the region of the Tinto River- or Rio Tinto- in southwestern Spain. It is also demonstrating technology needed to search for a subsurface biosphere on Mars. The project has three primary objectives: (1) search for and characterize subsurface life at Rio Tinto along with the physical and chemical properties and sustaining energy sources of its environment, (2) perform a high fidelity simulation of a robotic Mars drilling mission to search for life, and (3) demonstrate the drilling, sample handling, and instrument technologies relevant to searching for life on Mars. The simulation of the robotic drilling mission is guided by the results of the aseptic drilling campaign to search for life at Rio Tinto. This paper describes results of the first phase of the aseptic drilling campaign.

  3. The Rio Tinto Basin, Spain: Mineralogy, Sedimentary Geobiology, and Implications for Interpretation of Outcrop Rocks at Meridiani Planum, Mars

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fernandez-Remolar, David C.; Morris, Richard V.; Gruener, John E.; Amils, Ricardo; Knoll, Andrew H.

    2005-01-01

    Exploration by the NASA rover Opportunity has revealed sulfate- and hematite-rich sedimentary rocks exposed in craters and other surface features of Meridiani Planum, Mars. Modern, Holocene, and Plio-Pleistocene deposits of the Rio Tinto, southwestern Spain, provide at least a partial environmental analog to Meridiani Planum rocks, facilitating our understanding of Meridiani mineral precipitation and diagenesis, while informing considerations of martian astrobiology. Oxidation, thought to be biologically mediated, of pyritic ore bodies by groundwaters in the source area of the Rio Tinto generates headwaters enriched in sulfuric acid and ferric iron. Seasonal evaporation of river water drives precipitation of hydronium jarosite and schwertmannite, while (Mg,Al,Fe(sup 3+))-copiapite, coquimbite, gypsum, and other sulfate minerals precipitate nearby as efflorescences where locally variable source waters are brought to the surface by capillary action. During the wet season, hydrolysis of sulfate salts results in the precipitation of nanophase goethite. Holocene and Plio-Pleistocene terraces show increasing goethite crystallinity and then replacement of goethite with hematite through time. Hematite in Meridiani spherules also formed during diagenesis, although whether these replaced precursor goethite or precipitated directly from groundwaters is not known. The retention of jarosite and other soluble sulfate salts suggests that water limited the diagenesis of Meridiani rocks. Diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms inhabit acidic and seasonally dry Rio Tinto environments. Organic matter does not persist in Rio Tinto sediments, but biosignatures imparted to sedimentary rocks as macroscopic textures of coated microbial streamers, surface blisters formed by biogenic gas, and microfossils preserved as casts and molds in iron oxides help to shape strategies for astrobiological investigation of Meridiani outcrops.

  4. Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE): 2003 Drilling Campaign to Search for a Subsurface Biosphere at Rio Tinto Spain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stoker, C.; Dunagan, S.; Stevens, T.; Amils, R.; Gómez-Elvira, J.; Fernández, D.; Hall, J.; Lynch, K.; Cannon, H.; Zavaleta, J.; Glass, B.; Lemke, L.

    2004-03-01

    The results of an drilling experiment to search for a subsurface biosphere in a pyritic mineral deposit at Rio Tinto, Spain, are described. The experiment provides ground truth for a simulation of a Mars drilling mission to search for subsurface life.

  5. The Rio Tinto Mars analogue site: an extremophilic Raman spectroscopic study.

    PubMed

    Edwards, Howell G M; Vandenabeele, Peter; Jorge-Villar, Susana E; Carter, Elizabeth A; Perez, Fernando Rull; Hargreaves, Michael D

    2007-12-15

    The Rio Tinto site is recognised as a terrestrial Mars analogue because of the presence of jarosite and related sulfates which have recently been identified by the NASA Mars Exploration Rover "Opportunity" in the El Capitan region of Meridiani Planum on Mars. It has long been known that acidophilic microbial action is responsible for the deep blood-red colour of the water in Rio Tinto, where the pH varies from about 1.5 to 3.0 and the water is rich in iron and sulfur. Following recent Raman spectroscopic characterisation of the mineral phases of the Rio Tinto system, we report here a study of the biological components found in several specimens of deposited minerals and near the waterside that were collected during a GeoRaman VI Conference organized field trip in 2006. Key biosignatures were found for carotenoids, scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids, which are indicative of the biological colonisation of exposed mineral substrates; information from this study will be useful for targeting Martian sites using a miniaturized Raman instrument where the biosignatures of relict or extant life could remain in the geological record.

  6. Searching for Organics During the Robotic Mars Analog Rio Tinto Drilling Experiment: Ground Truth and Contamination Issues

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bonaccorsi, R.; Stoker, C. R.; Marte Project Science Team

    2007-03-01

    The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE) performed a simulation of a Mars drilling experiment at the Rio Tinto (Spain). Ground-truth and contamination issues during the distribution of bulk organics and their CN isotopic composition in hematite and go

  7. Geomorphic and Aqueous Chemistry of a Portion of the Upper Rio Tinto System, Spain

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Osburn, M. R.; Fernandez-Remolar, D. C.; Arvidson, R. E.; Morris, R. V.; Ming, D.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Amils, R.; Stein, T. C.; Heil-Chapdelaine, V.; Friedlander, L. R.; hide

    2007-01-01

    Observations from the two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, combined with discoveries of extensive hydrated sulfate deposits from OMEGA and CRISM show that aqueous deposition and alteration involving acidic systems and sulfate deposition has been a key contributor to the martian geologic record. Rio Tinto, Spain, provides a process model for formation of sulfates on Mars by evaporation of acidic waters within shallow fluvial pools, particularly during dry seasons. We present results from a detailed investigation of an upper portion of the Rio Tinto, focusing on geomorphology, clastic sediment transport, and acidic aqueous processes. We also lay out lessons-learned for under-standing sulfate formation and alteration on Mars.

  8. Searching for Life Underground: An Analysis of Remote Sensing Observations of a Drill Core from Rio Tinto, Spain for Mineralogical Indications of Biological Activity

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Battler, M.; Stoker, C.

    2005-01-01

    Water is unstable on the surface of Mars, and therefore the Martian surface is not likely to support life. It is possible, however, that liquid water exists beneath the surface of Mars, and thus life might also be found in the subsurface. Subsurface life would most likely be microbial, anaerobic, and chemoautotrophic; these types of biospheres on Earth are rare, and not well understood. Finding water and life are high priorities for Mars exploration, and therefore it is important that we learn to explore the subsurface robotically, by drilling. The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE), has searched successfully for a subsurface biosphere at Rio Tinto, Spain [1,2,3,4]. The Rio Tinto study site was selected to search for a subsurface biosphere because the extremely low pH and high concentrations of elements such as iron and copper in the Tinto River suggest the presence of a chemoautotrophic biosphere in the subsurface beneath the river. The Rio Tinto has been recognized as an important mineralogical analog to the Sinus Meridiani site on Mars [5].

  9. Characterization of a Subsurface Biosphere in a Massive Sulfide Deposits at Rio Tinto, Spain: Implications for Extant Life on Mars

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stoker, C. R.; Stevens, T.; Amils, R.; Gomez-Elvira, J.; Rodriquez, N.; Gomez, F.; Gonzalez-Toril, E.; Aguilera, A.; Fernandez-Remolar, D.; Dunagan, S.

    2005-01-01

    The recent discovery of abundant sulfate minerals, particularly Jarosite by the Opportunity Rover at Sinus Merdiani on Mars has been interpreted as evidence for an acidic lake or sea on ancient Mars [1,2], since the mineral Jarosite is soluble in liquid water at pH above 4. The most likely mechanism to produce sufficient protons to acidify a large body of liquid water is near surface oxidation of pyrite rich deposits [3]. The acidic waters of the Rio Tinto, and the associated deposits of Hematite, Goethite, and Jarosite have been recognized as an important chemical analog to the Sinus Merdiani site on Mars [4]. The Rio Tinto is a river in southern Spain that flows 100 km from its source in the Iberian pyrite belt, one of the Earth s largest Volcanically Hosted Massive Sulfide (VHMS) provinces, into the Atlantic ocean. The river originates in artesian springs emanating from ground water that is acidified by the interaction with subsurface pyrite ore deposits. The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE) has been investigating the hypothesis that a subsurface biosphere exists at Rio Tinto living within the VHMS deposit living on chemical energy derived from sulfur and iron minerals. Reduced iron and sulfur might provide electron donors for microbial metabolism while in situ oxidized iron or oxidants entrained in recharge water might provide electron acceptors.

  10. Characterization of a Subsurface Biosphere in a Massive Sulfide Deposit At Rio Tinto, Spain: Implications For Extant Life On Mars

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stoker, C. R.; Stevens, T.; Amils, R.; Gomez-Elvira, J.; Rodriguez, N.; Gomez, F.; Gonzalez-Toril, E.; Aguilera, A.; Fernandez-Remolar, D.; Dunagan, S.

    2005-01-01

    The recent discovery of abundant sulfate minerals, particularly Jarosite by the Opportunity Rover at Sinus Merdiani on Mars has been interpreted as evidence for an acidic lake or sea on ancient Mars [1,2], since the mineral Jarosite is soluble in liquid water at pH above 4. The most likely mechanism to produce sufficient protons to acidify a large body of liquid water is near surface oxidation of pyrite rich deposits [3]. The acidic waters of the Rio Tinto, and the associated deposits of Hematite, Goethite, and Jarosite have been recognized as an important chemical analog to the Sinus Merdiani site on Mars [4]. The Rio Tinto is a river in southern Spain that flows 100 km from its source in the Iberian pyrite belt, one of the Earth's largest Volcanically Hosted Massive Sulfide (VHMS) provinces, into the Atlantic ocean. The river originates in artesian springs emanating from ground water that is acidified by the interaction with subsurface pyrite ore deposits. The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE) has been investigating the hypothesis that a subsurface biosphere exists at Rio Tinto living within the VHMS deposit living on chemical energy derived from sulfur and iron minerals. Reduced iron and sulfur might provide electron donors for microbial metabolism while in situ oxidized iron or oxidants entrained in recharge water might provide electron acceptors.

  11. Fast-Turnoff Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) Field Study at the Mars Analog Site of Rio Tinto, Spain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jernsletten, J. A.

    2005-03-01

    This report describes a Fast-Turnoff Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) study at the Peña de Hierro ("Berg of Iron") field area of the Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE), near the towns Rio Tinto and Nerva, Andalucia region, Spain.

  12. Mineralogical In-situ Investigation of Acid-Sulfate Samples from the Rio Tinto River, Spain, with a Portable XRD/XRF Instrument

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sarrazin, P.; Ming, D. W.; Morris, R. V.; Fernandez-Remolar, D.; Amils, R.; Arvidson, R. E.; Blake, D.; Bish, D. L.

    2007-01-01

    A field campaign was organized in September 2006 by Centro de Astobiologica (Spain) and Washington University (St Louis, USA) for the geological study of the Rio Tinto river bed sediments using a suite of in-situ instruments comprising an ASD reflectance spectrometer, an emission spectrometer, panoramic and close-up color imaging cameras, a life detection system and NASA's CheMin 4 XRD/XRF prototype. The primary objectives of the field campaign were to study the geology of the site and test the potential of the instrument suite in an astrobiological investigation context for future Mars surface robotic missions. The results of the overall campaign will be presented elsewhere. This paper focuses on the results of the XRD/XRF instrument deployment. The specific objectives of the CheMin 4 prototype in Rio Tinto were to 1) characterize the mineralogy of efflorescent salts in their native environments; 2) analyze the mineralogy of salts and oxides from the modern environment to terraces formed earlier as part of the Rio Tinto evaporative system; and 3) map the transition from hematite-dominated terraces to the mixed goethite/salt-bearing terraces where biosignatures are best preserved.

  13. Exploration of a Subsurface Biosphere in a Volcanic Massive Sulfide: Results of the Mars Analog Rio Tinto Drilling Experiment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stoker, C. R.; Stevens, T.; Amils, R.; Fernandez, D.

    2005-12-01

    Biological systems on Earth require three key ingredients-- liquid water, an energy source, and a carbon source, that are found in very few extraterrestrial environments. Previous examples of independent subsurface ecosystems have been found only in basalt aquifers. Such lithotrophic microbial ecosystems (LME) have been proposed as models for steps in the early evolution of Earth's biosphere and for potential biospheres on other planets where the surface is uninhabitable, such as Mars and Europa.. The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE) has searched in a volcanic massive sulfide deposit in Rio Tinto Spain for a subsurface biosphere capable of living without sunlight or oxygen and found a subsurface ecosystem driven by the weathering of the massive sulfide deposit (VMS) in which the rock matrix provides sufficient resources to support microbial metabolism, including the vigorous production of H2 by water-rock interactions. Microbial production of methane and sulfate occurred in the sulfide orebody and microbial production of methane and hydrogen sulfide continued in an anoxic plume downgradient from the sulfide ore. Organic carbon concentrations in the parent rock were too low to support microbes. The Rio Tinto system thus represents a new type of subsurface ecosystem with strong relevance for exobiological studies. Commercial drilling was used to reach the aquifer system at 100 m depth and conventional laboratory techniques were used to identify and characterize the biosphere. Then, the life search strategy that led to successful identification of this biosphere was applied to the development of a robotic drilling, core handling, inspection, subsampling, and life detection system built on a prototype planetary lander that was deployed in Rio Tinto Spain in September 2005 to test the capability of a robotic drilling system to search for subsurface life. A remote science team directed the simulation and analyzed the data from the MARTE robotic drill. The results

  14. Microbial sulphur isotope fractionation in a Mars analogue environment at Rio Tinto, SW Spain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Velasco, Esther; Mason, Paul; Gonzalez-Toril, Elena; Zegers, Tanja; Davies, Gareth; Amils, Ricardo

    2010-05-01

    The development of geochemical proxies for possible early life on Mars is important in preparation for future space missions, especially those that will return samples to Earth. Sulfur isotopes are likely to be a key future tool for this purpose since abundant sulphate minerals on the surface of Mars [1], such as jarosite (KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6), may record the activity of sulphur metabolizing microorganisms. Little is currently known about the sulphur isotope effects associated with sulphate reduction in the acidic environments where jarosite and other minerals are likely to have precipitated. Here we investigate the relationship between sulphate reducing activity and sulphur isotope fractionation in a modern hyper-acidic subareal environment at Rio Tinto, SW Spain [2,3,4]. The geochemical characteristics of Rio Tinto are the consequence of modern weathering of pyrite-rich ores in the Iberian Pyritic Belt, and the metabolism of iron and sulphur compounds by chemolithotrophic microorganisms. This results in a high concentration of ferric iron that is soluble under the acidic conditions generated by the biological activity. These conditions cause the precipitation of ferric-bearing minerals, including amorphous phases and hydronium jarosite. Sulphate reducing bacteria have recently been isolated from Rio Tinto sediments despite the fact that high concentrations of ferrous iron can inhibit microbial sulphate reduction. Flow-through reactor experiments were performed using sediment samples from Río Tinto, in localities where the potential for sulphate-reducing activity was previously identified. Sediments were taken both in the upper part of the river and in the estuary where tidal effects have created a dynamic environment, with mixing between hyperacidic and marine conditions. Sediments were incubated in the laboratory at 30oC, using an artificial input solution with sulphate in excess using techniques developed by Stam et al. [5]. Two sets of experiments were done at

  15. Inorganic arsenic speciation at river basin scales: the Tinto and Odiel rivers in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Spain.

    PubMed

    Sarmiento, A M; Nieto, J M; Casiot, C; Elbaz-Poulichet, F; Egal, M

    2009-04-01

    The Tinto and Odiel rivers are heavily affected by acid mine drainage from mining areas in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. In this work we have conducted a study along these rivers where surface water samples have been collected. Field measurements, total dissolved metals and Fe and inorganic As speciation analysis were performed. The average total concentration of As in the Tinto river (1975 microg L(-1)) is larger than in the Odiel river (441 microg L(-1)); however, the mean concentration of As(III) is almost four times higher in the Odiel. In wet seasons the mean pH levels of both rivers (2.4 and 3.2 for the Tinto and Odiel, respectively) increase slightly and the amount of dissolved total arsenic tend to decrease, while the As(III)/(V) ratio strongly increase. Besides, the concentration of the reduced As species increase along the water course. As a result, As(III)/(V) ratio can be up to 100 times higher in the lower part of the basins. An estimation of the As(III) load transported by both rivers into the Atlantic Ocean has been performed, resulting in about 60 kg yr(-1) and 2.7t yr(-1) by the Tinto and Odiel rivers, respectively.

  16. Scientific results and lessons learned from an integrated crewed Mars exploration simulation at the Rio Tinto Mars analogue site

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Orgel, Csilla; Kereszturi, Ákos; Váczi, Tamás; Groemer, Gernot; Sattler, Birgit

    2014-02-01

    Between 15 and 25 April 2011 in the framework of the PolAres programme of the Austrian Space Forum, a five-day field test of the Aouda.X spacesuit simulator was conducted at the Rio Tinto Mars-analogue site in southern Spain. The field crew was supported by a full-scale Mission Control Center (MCC) in Innsbruck, Austria. The field telemetry data were relayed to the MCC, enabling a Remote Science Support (RSS) team to study field data in near-real-time and adjust the flight planning in a flexible manner. We report on the experiences in the field of robotics, geophysics (Ground Penetrating Radar) and geology as well as life sciences in a simulated spaceflight operational environment. Extravehicular Activity (EVA) maps had been prepared using Google Earth and aerial images. The Rio Tinto mining area offers an excellent location for Mars analogue simulations. It is recognised as a terrestrial Mars analogue site because of the presence of jarosite and related sulphates, which have been identified by the NASA Mars Exploration Rover "Opportunity" in the El Capitan region of Meridiani Planum on Mars. The acidic, high ferric-sulphate content water of Rio Tinto is also considered as a possible analogue in astrobiology regarding the analysis of ferric sulphate related biochemical pathways and produced biomarkers. During our Mars simulation, 18 different types of soil and rock samples were collected by the spacesuit tester. The Raman results confirm the presence of minerals expected, such as jarosite, different Fe oxides and oxi-hydroxides, pyrite and complex Mg and Ca sulphates. Eight science experiments were conducted in the field. In this contribution first we list the important findings during the management and realisation of tests, and also a first summary of the scientific results. Based on these experiences suggestions for future analogue work are also summarised. We finish with recommendations for future field missions, including the preparation of the experiments

  17. Identification of Hydrated Sulfates Collected in the Northern Rio Tinto Valley by Reflectance and Raman Spectroscopy

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chemtob, S. M.; Arvidson, R. E.; Fernandez-Remolar, D. C.; Amils, R.; Morris, R. V.; Ming, D. W.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Mustard, J. F.; Hutchinson, L.; Stein, T. C.; hide

    2006-01-01

    OMEGA recently identified spectral signatures of kieserite, gypsum, and other polyhydrated sulfates at multiple locations on the surface of Mars [1,2]. The presence of sulfates was confirmed through in situ spectroscopy by MER Opportunity [3]. An approach to validate these interpretations is to collect corresponding spectral data from sulfate-rich terrestrial analog sites. The northern Rio Tinto Valley near Nerva, Spain, is a good Martian analog locale because it features extensive seasonal sulfate mineralization driven by highly acidic waters [4]. We report on mineralogical compositions identified by field VNIR spectroscopy and laboratory Raman spectroscopy.

  18. Río Tinto: A Geochemical and Mineralogical Terrestrial Analogue of Mars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amils, Ricardo; Fernández-Remolar, David

    2014-09-01

    The geomicrobiological characterization of the water column and sediments of Río Tinto (Huelva, Southwestern Spain) have proven the importance of the iron and the sulfur cycles, not only in generating the extreme conditions of the habitat (low pH, high concentration of toxic heavy metals), but also in maintaining the high level of microbial diversity detected in the basin. It has been proven that the extreme acidic conditions of Río Tinto basin are not the product of 5000 years of mining activity in the area, but the consequence of an active underground bioreactor that obtains its energy from the massive sulfidic minerals existing in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Two drilling projects, MARTE (Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment) (2003-2006) and IPBSL (Iberian Pyrite Belt Subsurface Life Detection) (2011-2015), were developed and carried out to provide evidence of subsurface microbial activity and the potential resources that support these activities. The reduced substrates and the oxidants that drive the system appear to come from the rock matrix. These resources need only groundwater to launch diverse microbial metabolisms. The similarities between the vast sulfate and iron oxide deposits on Mars and the main sulfide bioleaching products found in the Tinto basin have given Río Tinto the status of a geochemical and mineralogical Mars terrestrial analogue.

  19. Río Tinto: A Geochemical and Mineralogical Terrestrial Analogue of Mars

    PubMed Central

    Amils, Ricardo; Fernández-Remolar, David

    2014-01-01

    The geomicrobiological characterization of the water column and sediments of Río Tinto (Huelva, Southwestern Spain) have proven the importance of the iron and the sulfur cycles, not only in generating the extreme conditions of the habitat (low pH, high concentration of toxic heavy metals), but also in maintaining the high level of microbial diversity detected in the basin. It has been proven that the extreme acidic conditions of Río Tinto basin are not the product of 5000 years of mining activity in the area, but the consequence of an active underground bioreactor that obtains its energy from the massive sulfidic minerals existing in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Two drilling projects, MARTE (Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment) (2003–2006) and IPBSL (Iberian Pyrite Belt Subsurface Life Detection) (2011–2015), were developed and carried out to provide evidence of subsurface microbial activity and the potential resources that support these activities. The reduced substrates and the oxidants that drive the system appear to come from the rock matrix. These resources need only groundwater to launch diverse microbial metabolisms. The similarities between the vast sulfate and iron oxide deposits on Mars and the main sulfide bioleaching products found in the Tinto basin have given Río Tinto the status of a geochemical and mineralogical Mars terrestrial analogue. PMID:25370383

  20. A Search for Life in the Subsurface At Rio Tinto Spain, An Analog To Searching For Life On Mars.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stoker, C. R.

    2003-12-01

    Most familiar life forms on Earth live in the surface biosphere where liquid water, sunlight, and the essential chemical elements for life are abundant. However, such environments are not found on Mars or anywhere else in the solar system. On Mars, the surface environmental conditions of pressure and temperature prevent formation of liquid water. Furthermore, conditions at the Martian surface are unfavorable to life due to intense ultraviolet radiation and strong oxidizing compounds that destroy organic compounds. However, subsurface liquid water on Mars has been predicted on theoretical grounds. The recent discovery of near surface ground ice by the Mars Odyssey mission, and the abundant evidence for recent Gully features observed by the Mars Global Surveyor mission strengthen the case for subsurface liquid water on Mars. Thus, the strategy for searching for life on Mars points to drilling to the depth of liquid water, bringing samples to the surface and analyzing them with instrumentation to detect in situ organisms and biomarker compounds. The MARTE (Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment) project is a field experiment focused on searching for a hypothesized subsurface anaerobic chemoautotrophic biosphere in the region of the Rio Tinto, a river in southwestern Spain while also demonstrating technology relevant to searching for a subsurface biosphere on Mars. The Tinto river is located in the Iberian Pyrite belt, one of the largest deposits of sulfide minerals in the world. The surface (river) system is an acidic extreme environment produced and maintained by microbes that metabolize sulfide minerals and produce sulfuric acid as a byproduct. Evidence suggests that the river is a surface manifestation of an underground biochemical reactor. Organisms found in the river are capable of chemoautotrophic metabolism using sulfide and ferric iron mineral substrates, suggesting these organisms could thrive in groundwater which is the source of the Rio Tinto

  1. Enzyme-Cascade Analysis of the Rio Tinto Subsurface Environment: A Biosensor Experiment

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McKay, David S.; Lynch, Kennda; Wainwright, Norman; Child, Alice; Williams, Kendra; McKay, David; Amils, Ricardo; Gonzalez, Elena; Stoker, Carol

    2004-01-01

    The Portable Test System (PTS), designed & developed by Charles Rivers Laboratories, Inc. (Charleston, SC) is a portable instrument that was designed to perform analysis of enzymatic assays related to rapid assessment of microbial contamination (Wainwright, 2003). The enzymatic cascade of Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) is known to be one of the most sensitive techniques available for microbial detection, enabling the PTS to be evaluated as a potential life detection instrument for in situ Astrobiology missions. In the summer of 2003 the system was tested as a part of the Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) ground truth science campaign in the Rio Tinto Analogue environment near Nerva, Spain. The preliminary results show that the PTS analysis correlates well with the contamination control tests and the more traditional lab-based biological assays performed during the MARTE field mission. Further work will be conducted on this research during a second field campaign in 2004 and a technology demonstration of a prototype instrument that includes autonomous sample preparation will occur in 2005.

  2. RIO Tinto Faulted Volcanosedimentary Deposits as Analog Habitats for Extant Subsurface Biospheres on Mars: A Synthesis of the MARTE Drilling Project Geobiology Results

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fernandez-Remolar, D. C.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Rodriquez, N.; Davila, F.; Stevens, T.; Amils, R.; Gomez-Elvira, J.; Stoker, C.

    2005-01-01

    Geochemistry and mineralogy on Mars surface characterized by the MER Opportunity Rover suggest that early Mars hosted acidic environments in the Meridiani Planum region [1, 2]. Such extreme paleoenvironments have been suggested to be a regional expression of the global Mars geological cycle that induced acidic conditions by sulfur complexation and iron buffering of aqueous solutions [3]. Under these assumptions, underground reservoirs of acidic brines and, thereby, putative acidic cryptobiospheres, may be expected. The MARTE project [4, 5] has performed a drilling campaign to search for acidic and anaerobic biospheres in R o Tinto basement [6] that may be analogs of these hypothetical communities occurring in cryptic habitats of Mars. This Rio Tinto geological region is characterized by the occurrence of huge metallic deposits of iron sulfides [7]. Late intensive diagenesis of rocks driven by a compressive regimen [8] largely reduced the porosity of rocks and induced a cortical thickening through thrusting and inverse faulting and folding. Such structures play an essential role in transporting and storing water underground as any other aquifers do in the Earth. Once the underground water reservoirs of the Ro Tinto basement contact the hydrothermal pyrite deposits, acidic brines are produced by the release of sulfates and iron through the oxidation of sulfides [9].

  3. Multidisciplinary integrated field campaign to an acidic Martian Earth analogue with astrobiological interest: Rio Tinto

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gómez, F.; Walter, N.; Amils, R.; Rull, F.; Klingelhöfer, A. K.; Kviderova, J.; Sarrazin, P.; Foing, B.; Behar, A.; Fleischer, I.; Parro, V.; Garcia-Villadangos, M.; Blake, D.; Martin Ramos, J. D.; Direito, S.; Mahapatra, P.; Stam, C.; Venkateswaran, K.; Voytek, M.

    2011-07-01

    Recently reported results from latest Mars Orbiters and Rovers missions are transforming our opinion about the red planet. That dry and inhospitable planet reported in the past is becoming a wetter planet with high probabilities of water existence in the past. Nowadays, some results seem to indicate the presence of water beneath the Mars surface. But also mineralogy studies by NASA Opportunity Rover report iron oxides and hydroxides precipitates on Endurance Crater. Sedimentary deposits have been identified at Meridiani Planum. These deposits must have generated in a dune aqueous acidic and oxidizing environment. Similarities appear when we study Rio Tinto, and acidic river under the control of iron. The discovery of extremophiles on Earth widened the window of possibilities for life to develop in the Universe, and as a consequence on Mars and other planetary bodies with astrobiological interest. The compilation of data produced by the ongoing missions offers an interested view for life possibilities to exist: signs of an early wet Mars and rather recent volcanic activity as well as ground morphological characteristics that seem to be promoted by liquid water. The discovery of important accumulations of sulfates and the existence of iron minerals such as jarosite in rocks of sedimentary origin has allowed specific terrestrial models to come into focus. Río Tinto (Southwestern Spain, Iberian Pyritic Belt) is an extreme acidic environment, product of the chemolithotrophic activity of micro-organisms that thrive in the massive pyrite-rich deposits of the Iberian Pyritic Belt. Some particular protective environments should house the organic molecules and bacterial life forms in harsh environments such as Mars surface supporting microniches inside precipitated minerals or inside rocks. Terrestrial analogues could help us to afford the comprehension of habitability (on other planetary bodies). We are reporting here the multidisciplinary study of some endolithic niches

  4. An Analysis of the Hydrology of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gutierrez, F.; Dracup, J. A.

    2002-12-01

    Stretching almost 2,000 miles from Colorado to the Gulf of Mexico, the Rio Grande (known as the Rio Bravo in Mexico) is very important socially, economically and politically for both Mexico and the U.S. In recent years, the longest drought on record has made water in the Rio Grande Basin scarce. In 2001, for the first time in recorded history, the Rio Grande failed to reach all the way to the Gulf of Mexico -- it stopped 500 feet from the shore. In this study, the authors first assess the relative magnitude and frequency of drought events in the Basin. Using GIS, a spatial analysis of the unimpaired flows and precipitation time series of the Basin is performed. This assessment will provide the basis for a basin simulation model. The authors then perform an extensive analysis of the effects of the El Ni¤o - Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on the hydrology of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin. It is anticipated that the results of this research will provide information to water managers that will improve the effectiveness of water resources management policies for the Basin. This research is founded by the NSF fund SAHRA (Science and Technology Center to study and promote the "Sustainability of Water Resources in Semi-Arid Regions" at the University of Arizona).

  5. Self-assembling iron oxyhydroxide/oxide tubular structures: laboratory-grown and field examples from Rio Tinto.

    PubMed

    Barge, Laura M; Cardoso, Silvana S S; Cartwright, Julyan H E; Doloboff, Ivria J; Flores, Erika; Macías-Sánchez, Elena; Sainz-Díaz, C Ignacio; Sobrón, Pablo

    2016-11-01

    Rio Tinto in southern Spain has become of increasing astrobiological significance, in particular for its similarity to environments on early Mars. We present evidence of tubular structures from sampled terraces in the stream bed at the source of the river, as well as ancient, now dry, terraces. This is the first reported finding of tubular structures in this particular environment. We propose that some of these structures could be formed through self-assembly via an abiotic mechanism involving templated precipitation around a fluid jet, a similar mechanism to that commonly found in so-called chemical gardens. Laboratory experiments simulating the formation of self-assembling iron oxyhydroxide tubes via chemical garden/chemobrionic processes form similar structures. Fluid-mechanical scaling analysis demonstrates that the proposed mechanism is plausible. Although the formation of tube structures is not itself a biosignature, the iron mineral oxidation gradients across the tube walls in laboratory and field examples may yield information about energy gradients and potentially habitable environments.

  6. Self-assembling iron oxyhydroxide/oxide tubular structures: laboratory-grown and field examples from Rio Tinto

    PubMed Central

    Barge, Laura M.; Doloboff, Ivria J.; Flores, Erika; Sobrón, Pablo

    2016-01-01

    Rio Tinto in southern Spain has become of increasing astrobiological significance, in particular for its similarity to environments on early Mars. We present evidence of tubular structures from sampled terraces in the stream bed at the source of the river, as well as ancient, now dry, terraces. This is the first reported finding of tubular structures in this particular environment. We propose that some of these structures could be formed through self-assembly via an abiotic mechanism involving templated precipitation around a fluid jet, a similar mechanism to that commonly found in so-called chemical gardens. Laboratory experiments simulating the formation of self-assembling iron oxyhydroxide tubes via chemical garden/chemobrionic processes form similar structures. Fluid-mechanical scaling analysis demonstrates that the proposed mechanism is plausible. Although the formation of tube structures is not itself a biosignature, the iron mineral oxidation gradients across the tube walls in laboratory and field examples may yield information about energy gradients and potentially habitable environments. PMID:27956875

  7. Mars Sulfate Formation Sourced in Sulfide-Enriched Subsurface Fluids: The Rio Tinto Model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fernandez-Remolar, D. C.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Osburn, M. R.; Gomez-Ortiz, D.; Arvidson, R. E.; Morris, R. V.; Ming, D.; Amils, R.; Friendlander, L. R.

    2007-01-01

    The extensive evidence for sulfate deposits on Mars provided by analyses of MER and Mars Express data shows that the sulfur played an essential role in the geochemical cycles of the planet, including reservoirs in the atmosphere, hydro-sphere and geosphere. Overall the data are consistent with a fluvial/lacustrine-evaporative origin of at least some of the sulfate deposits, with mineral precipitation through oversaturation of salty acidic fluids enriched in sulfates. This scenario requires reservoirs of sulfur and associated cations, as well as an acidic and oxidizing hydrochemistry which could be provided by surface and subsurface catching of meteoric waters resulting in the presence of sulfur-bearing gases and steam photochemistry. In this work we suggest a new scenario for the extensive generation of sulfates in Mars based on the observation of seasonal changes in the redox and pH of subsurface waters enriched in sulfur that supply the acidic Mars process analog of Rio Tinto. This model considers the long-term subsurface storage of sulfur during most of Noachian and its release from the late Noachian to Hesperian time through weathering by meteoric fluids that would acidify and oxidize the sulfur bearing compounds stored in the subsurface.

  8. Metal accumulation screening of the Río Tinto flora (Huelva, Spain).

    PubMed

    de la Fuente, Vicenta; Rufo, Lourdes; Rodríguez, Nuria; Amils, Ricardo; Zuluaga, Javier

    2010-06-01

    Río Tinto (Huelva, Spain) is located in one of the most important mining regions in the world. Its soils are characterized by their extreme acidity and elevated concentrations of heavy metals. Due to these characteristics, the Tinto ecosystem is considered unique and an ideal location to study biological adaptations to this type of habitat. Plant species that present these adaptations might be useful to mining and other metal pollution restoration programs. This study reports the results for the screening of Ca, Mg, Na, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb in aerial tissues of 97 plant species from the Tinto basin flora. In addition, plant-soil relationships were analyzed using the biological absorption coefficient (BAC) to detect the main plant adaptations in the Tinto flora. The species selected are representative of the biomass of the main dominant edaphophile and climatophile vegetation communities of the three river sections, forest, and subseral stages. Plant and soil elemental analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique (ICP-MS). The results indicate that in general, Tinto flora shows a pattern of accumulation of the analyzed elements in aerial tissues which agrees with the nutritional requirements of vascular plants (macronutrients > micronutrients > indifferent or toxic elements). Among macronutrients, Ca seems to be an essential element in this habitat. This element accumulates in the aerial plant tissues. Basically, the Río Tinto flora is made of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, As, and Pb excluders, although some analyzed species of Erica, Quercus, Lavandula, Cistus, Genista, and Cytisus genera can be considered Mn accumulators. The results of this study make up a body of fundamental knowledge of the strategies used by plants to thrive in habitats with high concentrations of toxic heavy metals. This information is vital when it comes to planning a restoration program. Plants must be selected and used according to the requirements

  9. Rio Grande Basin Consortium: Mission, goals, and activities

    Treesearch

    Deborah A. Potter; Deborah M. Finch

    1996-01-01

    The Rio Grande Basin Consortium (RGBC) serves as a networking group and clearinghouse for scientific information pertaining to the Rio Grande Basin. Its membership consists of natural and social scientists from New Mexico’s three research universities, administrators, and resource managers from federal, state, and local governmental agencies, members of community and...

  10. Heavy metal anomalies in the Tinto and Odiel River and estuary system, Spain

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Nelson, C.H.; Lamothe, P.J.

    1993-01-01

    The Tinto and Odiel rivers drain 100 km from the Rio Tinto sulphide mining district, and join at a 20-km long estuary entering the Atlantic Ocean. A reconnaissance study of heavy metal anomalies in channel sand and overbank mud of the river and estuary by semi-quantitative emission dc-arc spectrographic analysis shows the following upstream to downstream ranges in ppm (??g g-1): As 3,000 to <200, Cd 30 to <0.1, Cu 1,500 to 10, Pb 2,000 to <10, Sb 3000 to <150, and Zn 3,000 to <200. Organic-rich (1.3-2.6% total organic carbon, TOC), sandysilty overbank clay has been analyzed to represent suspended load materials. The high content of heavy metals in the overbank clay throughout the river and estuary systems indicates the importance of suspended sediment transport for dispersing heavy metals from natural erosion and anthropogenic mining activities of the sulfide deposit. The organic-poor (0.21-0.37% TOC) river bed sand has been analyzed to represent bedload transport of naturally-occurring sulfide minerals. The sand has high concentrations of metals upstream but these decrease an order of magnitude in the lower estuary. Although heavy metal contamination of estuary mouth beach sand has been diluted to background levels estuary mud exhibits increased contamination apparently related to finer grain size, higher organic carbon content, precipitation of river-borne dissolved solids, and input of anthropogenic heavy metals from industrial sources. The contaminated estuary mud disperses to the inner shelf mud belt and offshore suspended sediment, which exhibit metal anomalies from natural erosion and mining of upstream Rio Tinto sulphide lode sources (Pb, Cu, Zn) and industrial activities within the estuary (Fe, Cr, Ti). Because heavy metal contamination of Tinto-Odiel river sediment reaches or exceeds the highest levels encountered in other river sediments of Spain and Europe, a detailed analysis of metals in water and suspended sediment throughout the system, and

  11. Lipidic biosignatures in diagenetically stabilized ironstones terraces of Rio Tinto, an acidic environment with analogies to Mars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sánchez-García, L.; Carrizo, D.; Fernández-Remolar, D.; Parro, V.

    2017-09-01

    The characterization of extreme environments with analogies to Mars is important for understanding if/how life may have thrived in the Red Planet. Río Tinto in SW Spain is an extreme environment with constant acidic waters (mean pH of 2.3) and high concentration of heavy metals, which are direct consequence of the active metabolism of chemolithotrophic microorganisms thriving in the rich polymetallic sulfides present in the massive Iberian Pyritic Belt. Abundant minerals rich in ferric iron and sulfates, which result from the pyrite metabolism (e.g. jarosite, goethite, hematites, etc.) are of special interest for their potential for organics preservation [1]. Here, we investigate the occurrence and preservation of biological signatures in diagenetically stabilized ironstone deposits in Río Tinto, by using geolipidic markers.

  12. From Río Tinto to Mars: the terrestrial and extraterrestrial ecology of acidophiles.

    PubMed

    Amils, R; González-Toril, E; Aguilera, A; Rodríguez, N; Fernández-Remolar, D; Gómez, F; García-Moyano, A; Malki, M; Oggerin, M; Sánchez-Andrea, I; Sanz, J L

    2011-01-01

    The recent geomicrobiological characterization of Río Tinto, Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), has proven the importance of the iron cycle, not only in generating the extreme conditions of the habitat (low pH, high concentration of toxic heavy metals) but also in maintaining the high level of microbial diversity, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, detected in the water column and the sediments. The extreme conditions of the Tinto basin are not the product of industrial contamination but the consequence of the presence of an underground bioreactor that obtains its energy from the massive sulfide minerals of the IPB. To test this hypothesis, a drilling project was carried out to intersect ground waters that interact with the mineral ore in order to provide evidence of subsurface microbial activities and the potential resources to support these activities. The oxidants that drive the system appear to come from the rock matrix, contradicting conventional acid mine drainage models. These resources need only groundwater to launch microbial metabolism. There are several similarities between the vast deposits of sulfates and iron oxides on Mars and the main sulfide-containing iron bioleaching products found in the Tinto. Firstly, the short-lived methane detected both in Mars' atmosphere and in the sediments and subsurface of the IPB and secondly, the abundance of iron, common to both. The physicochemical properties of iron make it a source of energy, a shield against radiation and oxidative stress as well as a natural pH controller. These similarities have led to Río Tinto's status as a Mars terrestrial analogue. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Toward a Cultural Advancement of Tinto's Theory

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Guiffrida, Douglas A.

    2006-01-01

    Despite the broad appeal of Tinto's (1993) theory, it is not well supported by empirical research, especially when applied to minority students. While prior critiques of the theory indicate the need to modify Tinto's concept of "breaking away" when applying the theory to diverse students, research suggests a need for additional refinements. In…

  14. Geomorphic evolution of the San Luis Basin and Rio Grande in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ruleman, Chester A.; Machette, Michael; Thompson, Ren A.; Miggins, Dan M; Goehring, Brent M; Paces, James B.

    2016-01-01

    The San Luis Basin encompasses the largest structural and hydrologic basin of the Rio Grande rift. On this field trip, we will examine the timing of transition of the San Luis Basin from hydrologically closed, aggrading subbasins to a continuous fluvial system that eroded the basin, formed the Rio Grande gorge, and ultimately, integrated the Rio Grande from Colorado to the Gulf of Mexico. Waning Pleistocene neotectonic activity and onset of major glacial episodes, in particular Marine Isotope Stages 11–2 (~420–14 ka), induced basin fill, spillover, and erosion of the southern San Luis Basin. The combined use of new geologic mapping, fluvial geomorphology, reinterpreted surficial geology of the Taos Plateau, pedogenic relative dating studies, 3He surface exposure dating of basalts, and U-series dating of pedogenic carbonate supports a sequence of events wherein pluvial Lake Alamosa in the northern San Luis Basin overflowed, and began to drain to the south across the closed Sunshine Valley–Costilla Plain region ≤400 ka. By ~200 ka, erosion had cut through topographic highs at Ute Mountain and the Red River fault zone, and began deep-canyon incision across the southern San Luis Basin. Previous studies indicate that prior to 200 ka, the present Rio Grande terminated into a large bolson complex in the vicinity of El Paso, Texas, and systematic, headward erosional processes had subtly integrated discontinuously connected basins along the eastern flank of the Rio Grande rift and southern Rocky Mountains. We propose that the integration of the entire San Luis Basin into the Rio Grande drainage system (~400–200 ka) was the critical event in the formation of the modern Rio Grande, integrating hinterland basins of the Rio Grande rift from El Paso, Texas, north to the San Luis Basin with the Gulf of Mexico. This event dramatically affected basins southeast of El Paso, Texas, across the Chisos Mountains and southeastern Basin and Range province, including the Rio

  15. The preservation and degradation of filamentous bacteria and biomolecules within iron oxide deposits at Rio Tinto, Spain.

    PubMed

    Preston, L J; Shuster, J; Fernández-Remolar, D; Banerjee, N R; Osinski, G R; Southam, G

    2011-05-01

    One of the keys to understanding and identifying life on other planets is to study the preservation of organic compounds and their precursor micro-organisms on Earth. Rio Tinto in southwestern Spain is a well documented site of microbial preservation within iron sulphates and iron oxides over a period of 2.1 Ma. This study has investigated the preservation of filamentous iron oxidising bacteria and organics through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, from laboratory cultures of natural samples to contemporary natural materials to million-year old river terraces. Up to 40% elemental carbon and >7% nitrogen has been identified within microbial filaments and cell clusters in all samples through SEM EDS analyses. FTIR spectroscopy identified C-H(x) absorption bands between 2960 and 2800 cm(-1), Amide I and II absorption bands at 1656 and 1535 cm(-1), respectively and functional group vibrations from within nucleic acids at 917, 1016 and 1124 cm(-1). Absorption bands tracing the diagenetic transformation of jarosite to goethite to hematite through the samples are also identified. This combination of mineralogy, microbial morphology and biomolecular evidence allows us to further understand how organic fossils are created and preserved in iron-rich environments, and ultimately will aid in the search for the earliest life on Earth and potential organics on Mars. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  16. Organic and Inorganic Carbon in the Rio Tinto (Spain) Deep Subsurface System: a Possible Model for Subsurface Carbon and Lithoautotrophs on Mars.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bonaccorsi, R.; Stoker, C. R.; MARTE Science Team

    2007-12-01

    The subsurface is the key environment for searching for life on planets lacking surface life. Subsurface ecosystems are of great relevance to astrobiology including the search for past/present life on Mars. Conditions on the Martian surface do not support biological activity but the subsurface might preserve organics and host subsurface life [1]. A key requirement for the analysis of subsurface samples on Mars is the ability to characterize organic vs. inorganic carbon pools. This information is needed to determine if the sample contains organic material of biological origin and/ or to establish if pools of inorganic carbon can support subsurface biospheres. The Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE) performed deep drilling of cores i.e., down to 165-m depth, in a volcanically-hosted-massive-sulfide deposit at Rio Tinto, Spain, which is considered an important analog of the Sinus Meridiani site on Mars. Results from MARTE suggest the existence of a relatively complex subsurface life including aerobic and anaerobic chemoautotrophs, and strict anaerobic methanogens sustained by Fe and S minerals in anoxic conditions, which is an ideal model analog for a deep subsurface Martian environment. We report here on the distribution of organic (C-org: 0.01-0.3Wt% and inorganic carbon (IC = 0.01-7.0 Wt%) in a subsurface rock system including weathered/oxidized i.e., gossan, and unaltered pyrite stockwork. Cores were analyzed from 3 boreholes (BH-4, BH-7, and BH-8) that penetrated down to a depth of ~165 m into massive sulfide. Nearsurface phyllosilicate rich-pockets contain the highest amounts of organics (0.3Wt%) [2], while the deeper rocks contain the highest amount of carbonates. Assessing the amount of C pools available throughout the RT subsurface brings key insight on the type of trophic system sustaining its microbial ecosystem (i.e., heterotrophs vs. autotrophs) and the biogeochemical relationships that characterize a new type of subsurface biosphere at RT. This

  17. IRBM for the Rio Conchos Basin as a Restoration and Conservation Tool

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barrios, E.; Rodriguez, J. A.; de La Maza, M.

    2007-12-01

    The Rio Conchos basin is the main water supply for the people of the State of Chihuahua and the middle and lower Rio Bravo in northern Mexico. Flowing for about 850 km from the highlands of the Sierra Tarahumara towards the wide valleys of the Chihuahuan Desert, the river presents recurrent periods of water stress and its basin of 6.7 million of hectares experiences a wide spectrum of problems such us long drought periods, water over allocation and extraction, water pollution, severe soil use changes. Besides, drastic soil moisture reduction is forecasted by effects of climate change. These natural and anthropological harmful situations impose a serious stress for this important and beautiful river and the rest of the basin hydrological resources. The WWF-Gonzalo Rio Arronte Alliance and its partners USAID, The Coca Cola Company and RICOH are implementing since 2004 an Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) strategy to recover the natural integrity of the Rio Conchos in the form of environmental flow. The strategy includes the five basic working lines: i) development of river basin scientific knowledge, ii) strengthen of local institutional capacities, iii) development of demonstrative projects, iv) strengthen of indigenous communities, v) education and communication. Although the implementation of the IRBM program is expected to show main results until the year 2050, some interesting results have been obtained. The strategy has provided i) new basic knowledge about the basin dynamic events such as soil change use rates, baseline values of biological integrity, water economic values, among others; ii) strong program acceptance by government and main water users (farmers), and the integration of a working group formed by government, academia and NGO's; iii) local acceptance and understanding of benefits about basin management (soil recovery, reforestation, ecological sanitation) through demonstrative projects; iv) social organization; v) few advances in education

  18. Middle Rio Grande Basin Research Report 2008

    Treesearch

    Deborah M. Finch; Catherine Dold

    2008-01-01

    An ecosystem is rarely static. A natural system composed of plants, animals, and microorganisms interacting with an area's physical factors, an ecosystem is always fluctuating and evolving. But sometimes, often at the hands of humans, ecosystems change too much. Such is the case with many of the ecosystems of the Middle Rio Grande Basin of New Mexico.

  19. Ecology, diversity, and sustainability of the Middle Rio Grande Basin

    Treesearch

    Deborah M. Finch; Joseph A. Tainter

    1995-01-01

    This book synthesizes existing information on the ecology, diversity, human uses, and research needs of the Middle Rio Grande Basin of New Mexico. Divided into nine chapters, the volume begins with reviews of the environmental history and human cultures in the Basin, followed by an analysis of the influences and problems of climate and water. Later chapters focus on...

  20. Magnetotelluric data in the middle Rio Grande basin, Albuquerque volcanoes, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Williams, Jackie M.; Rodriguez, Brian D.

    2002-01-01

    The population in the Albuquerque-Santa Fe region of New Mexico is rapidly growing. The Santa Fe Group aquifer in the Middle Rio Grande Basin is the main source of municipal water for the greater Albuquerque metropolitan area. The capacity of this aquifer is more limited than previously thought (Thorn et al., 1993). The Middle Rio Grande Basin, as defined hydrologically and used here, is the area within the Rio Grande Valley extending from Cochiti Dam downstream to the community of San Acacia (Figure 1). Because approximately 600,000 people (40 percent of the population of New Mexico) live in the study area (Bartolino, 1999), water shortfalls could have serious consequences. Future growth and land management in the region depends on accurate assessment and protection of the region’s groundwater resources. An important issue in defining the ground water resources is a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the Santa Fe Group and the other sedimentary deposits that fill the Rio Grande rift.

  1. Testing Tinto's Model of Attrition on the Church-Related Campus. AIR 1985 Annual Forum Paper.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cash, R. William; Bissel, H. LeVerne

    The applicability of Tinto's model of retention for first-year students attending church-related colleges and universities is examined. Data collected from entering freshmen at two Midwestern Seventh-day Adventist colleges were used to replicate studies of Tinto's model done in other settings. Based on Tinto's model, indicators of academic and…

  2. From the Rio to the Sierra: An environmental history of the Middle Rio Grande Basin

    Treesearch

    Dan Scurlock

    1998-01-01

    Various human groups have greatly affected the processes and evolution of Middle Rio Grande Basin ecosystems, especially riparian zones, from A.D. 1540 to the present. Overgrazing, clear-cutting, irrigation farming, fire suppression, intensive hunting, and introduction of exotic plants have combined with droughts and floods to bring about environmental and associated...

  3. Merged digital aeromagnetic data for the middle Rio Grande and southern Espanola basins, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sweeney, Ronald E.; Grauch, V.J.S.; Phillips, Jeffrey D.

    2002-01-01

    The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently conducted a multi-disciplinary study of the Middle Rio Grande basin (Bartolino and Cole, 2002; Fig. 1). The main purpose of this study was to gain a better multi-dimensional understanding of the basin's hydrogeologic framework and use this new understanding to construct an improved regional ground-water flow model. The Middle Rio Grande basin fill serves as the primary water resource for Albuquerque and surrounding communities (Thorn and others, 1993). It is composed of poorly consolidated, Tertiary to Quaternary sediments, collectively called the Santa Fe Group. These sediments were deposited during the Tertiary to Quaternary development of the Rio Grande rift (Fig. 1, inset). The strata vary in thickness from 1,000 to more than 4,000 m and range from mudstone to conglomerate (Kelley, 1977; May and Russell, 1994).

  4. U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande basin study; proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Bartolino, James R.

    1999-01-01

    Approximately 40 percent (about 600,000 people) of the total population of New Mexico lives within the Middle Rio Grande Basin, which includes the City of Albuquerque. Ongoing analyses of the central portion of the Middle Rio Grande Basin by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque and other agencies have shown that ground water in the basin is not as readily accessible as earlier studies indicated. A more complete characterization of the ground-water resources of the entire Middle Rio Grande Basin is hampered by a scarcity of data in the northern and southern areas of the basin. The USGS Middle Rio Grande Basin study is a 5-year effort by the USGS and other agencies to improve the understanding of the hydrology, geology, and land-surface characteristics of the Middle Rio Grande Basin. The primary objective of this study is to improve the understanding of the water resources of the basin. Of particular interest is to determine the extent of hydrologic connection between the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer. Additionally, ground-water quality affects the availability of water supplies in the basin. Improving the existing USGS-constructed ground-water flow model of the Middle Rio Grande Basin will integrate all the various tasks that improve our knowledge of the various components of the Middle Rio Grande water budget. Part of this improvement will be accompanied by extended knowledge of the aquifer system beyond the Albuquerque area into the northern and southern reaches of the basin. Other improvements will be based on understanding gained through process-oriented research and improved geologic characterization of the deposits. The USGS and cooperating agencies will study the hydrology, geology, and land-surface characteristics of the basin to provide the scientific information needed for water-resources management and for managers to plan for water supplies needed for a growing population. To facilitate exchange of

  5. Thayeria tapajonica (Characiformes: Characidae), a new species from rio Tapajós basin, Brazil.

    PubMed

    Moreira, Cristiano R; Lima, Flávio C T

    2017-11-06

    A new species of penguin tetra, Thayeria tapajonica, is described from the rio Tapajós basin. It is most similar to T. boehlkei by presenting a straight midlateral stripe running anteriorly to immediately posterior to the head, while in T. ifati and T. obliqua the midlateral stripe is restricted to the caudal peduncle, merging with an anterodorsal oblique stripe. The new species is restricted to the rio Tapajós basin downriver of the confluence of the rio Juruena and rio Teles Pires, and lower rio Teles Pires, where its distribution overlaps with T. boehlkei.

  6. A Physical Assessment of the Opportunities for Improved Management of the Water Resources of the Bi-National Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aparicio, J.; McKinney, D.; Valdes, J.; Guitron, A.; Thomas, G.

    2007-05-01

    The hydro-physical opportunities for expanding the beneficial uses of the fixed water supply in the Rio Grande/Bravo Basin to better satisfy an array of water management goals are examined. These include making agriculture more resilient to periodic conditions of drought, improving the reliability of supplies to cities and towns, and restoring lost environmental functions in the river system. This is a comprehensive, outcome-neutral, model- based planning exercise performed by some 20 technical, primarily non-governmental institutions from both countries, aimed at proposing strategies that can reduce future conflicts over water throughout the entire basin. The second track consists in generating a set of future water management scenarios that respond to the needs and objectives of the basin stakeholders in each segment and each country. An array of scenarios for improved water management has been developed for the lower Rio Grande/Rio Bravo basin in Texas and the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. Another set under development will focus on the Rio Conchos and the El Paso/Juarez region. Eventually, scenarios will be generated such that will comprehend the entire basin on both sides of the border. These scenarios are the product of consultations with agricultural water districts, governmental organizations and environmental NGOs. They include strategies for reducing the physical losses of water in the system, conservation transfers, improvements in the operations of the Mexican and international reservoirs, improvements in environmental flow conditions, improvements in reliability of water supplies, and drought coping strategies.These scenarios will be evaluated for hydrologic feasibility by the basin-wide model and the gaming exercises. Modeling is necessary to understand how these options will affect the entire system and how they can be crafted to maximize the benefits and avoid unintended or uncompensated effects. The scenarios that have the potential to provide large

  7. The Upper Rio Grande Basin as a Long-Term Hydrologic Observatory - Challenges and Opportunities

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Springer, E.; Duffy, C.; Phillips, F.; Hogan, J.; Winter, C. L.

    2001-12-01

    Long-term hydrologic observatories (LTHO) have been identified as a key element to advance hydrologic science. Issues to be addressed are the size and locations of LTHOs to meet research needs and address water resources management concerns. To date, considerable small watershed research has been performed, and these have provided valuable insights into processes governing hydrologic response on local scales. For hydrology to advance as a science, more complete and coherent data sets at larger scales are needed to tie together local studies and examine lower frequency long wavelength processes that may govern the water cycle at the scale of river basins and continents. The objective of this poster is to describe the potential opportunities and challenges for the upper Rio Grande as a LTHO. The presence of existing research programs and facilities can be leveraged by a LTHO to develop the required scientific measurements. Within the upper Rio Grande Basin, there are two Long-Term Ecological Research sites, Jornada and Sevilleta; Los Alamos National Laboratory, which monitors the atmosphere, surface water and groundwater; a groundwater study is being performed by the USGS in the Albuquerque Basin to examine recharge and water quality issues. Additionally, the upper Rio Grande basin served as an USGS-NAWQA study site starting in the early 1990's and is currently being studied by SAHRA (NSF-STC) to understand sources of salinity of the river system; such studies provide an existing framework on which to base long-term monitoring of water quality. The upper Rio Grande Basin has a wealth of existing long-term climate, hydrologic and geochemical records on which to base an LTHO. Within the basin there are currently 122 discharge gages operated by the USGS; and many of these gages have long-term records of discharge. Other organizations operate additional surface water gages in the lower part of the basin. Long-term records of river chemistry have been kept by the USGS, U

  8. Underground Habitats in the Río Tinto Basin: A Model for Subsurface Life Habitats on Mars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fernández-Remolar, David C.; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Rodríguez, Nuria; Gómez, Felipe; Amils, Ricardo; Gómez-Elvira, Javier; Stoker, Carol R.

    2008-10-01

    A search for evidence of cryptic life in the subsurface region of a fractured Paleozoic volcanosedimentary deposit near the source waters of the Río Tinto River (Iberian pyrite belt, southwest Spain) was carried out by Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) project investigators in 2003 and 2004. This conventional deep-drilling experiment is referred to as the MARTE ground truth drilling project. Boreholes were drilled at three sites, and samples from extracted cores were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Core leachates were analyzed with ion chromatography, and borehole fluids were analyzed with ion and gas chromatography. Key variables of the groundwater system (e.g. , pO2, pH, and salinity) exhibit huge ranges probably due to surficial oxygenation of overall reducing waters, physical mixing of waters, and biologically mediated water-rock interactions. Mineral distribution is mainly driven by the pH of subsurface solutions, which range from highly acidic to neutral. Borehole fluids contain dissolved gases such as CO2, CH4, and H2. SEM-EDS analyses of core samples revealed evidence of microbes attacking pyrite. The Río Tinto alteration mechanisms may be similar to subsurface weathering of the martian crust and provide insights into the possible (bio)geochemical cycles that may have accompanied underground habitats in extensive early Mars volcanic regions and associated sulfide ores.

  9. Underground habitats in the Río Tinto basin: a model for subsurface life habitats on Mars.

    PubMed

    Fernández-Remolar, David C; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Rodríguez, Nuria; Gómez, Felipe; Amils, Ricardo; Gómez-Elvira, Javier; Stoker, Carol R

    2008-10-01

    A search for evidence of cryptic life in the subsurface region of a fractured Paleozoic volcanosedimentary deposit near the source waters of the Río Tinto River (Iberian pyrite belt, southwest Spain) was carried out by Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) project investigators in 2003 and 2004. This conventional deep-drilling experiment is referred to as the MARTE ground truth drilling project. Boreholes were drilled at three sites, and samples from extracted cores were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Core leachates were analyzed with ion chromatography, and borehole fluids were analyzed with ion and gas chromatography. Key variables of the groundwater system (e.g., pO(2), pH, and salinity) exhibit huge ranges probably due to surficial oxygenation of overall reducing waters, physical mixing of waters, and biologically mediated water-rock interactions. Mineral distribution is mainly driven by the pH of subsurface solutions, which range from highly acidic to neutral. Borehole fluids contain dissolved gases such as CO(2), CH(4), and H(2). SEM-EDS analyses of core samples revealed evidence of microbes attacking pyrite. The Río Tinto alteration mechanisms may be similar to subsurface weathering of the martian crust and provide insights into the possible (bio)geochemical cycles that may have accompanied underground habitats in extensive early Mars volcanic regions and associated sulfide ores.

  10. Economic impacts of federal policy responses to drought in the Rio Grande Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ward, Frank A.; Hurd, Brian H.; Rahmani, Tarik; Gollehon, Noel

    2006-03-01

    Significant growth in the Rio Grande Basin's demand for water has stressed the region's scarce water supply. This paper presents an analysis of the impacts of severe and sustained drought and of minimum in-stream flow requirements to support endangered species in the Rio Grande watershed. These impacts are investigated by modeling the physical and institutional constraints within the Rio Grande Basin and by identifying the hydrologic and economic responses of all major water users. Water supplies, which include all major tributaries, interbasin transfers, and hydrologically connected groundwater, are represented in a yearly time step. A nonlinear programming model is developed to maximize economic benefits subject to hydrologic and institutional constraints. Results indicate that drought produces considerable impacts on both agriculture and municipal and industrial (MI) uses in the Rio Grande watershed. In-stream flow requirements to support endangered species' habitat produce the largest impacts on agricultural water users in New Mexico and Texas. Hydrologic and economic impacts are more pronounced when in-stream flow requirements dictate larger quantities of water for endangered species' habitat. Higher in-stream flow requirements for endangered species in central New Mexico cause considerable losses to New Mexico agriculture above Elephant Butte Reservoir and to MI users in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Those same in-stream flow requirements reduce drought damages to New Mexico agriculture below Elephant Butte Reservoir and reduce the severity of drought damages to MI users in El Paso, Texas. Results provide a framework for formulating federal policy responses to drought in the Rio Grande Basin.

  11. U.S. Geological Survey Middle Rio Grande Basin Study; Proceedings of the first annual workshop, Denver, Colorado, November 12-14, 1996

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Bartolino, James R.

    1997-01-01

    Approximately 40 percent (about 600,000 people) of the total population of New Mexico lives within the Middle Rio Grande Basin, which includes the City of Albuquerque. Ongoing analyses of the central portion of the Middle Rio Grande Basin by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque and other cooperators have shown that ground water in the basin is not as readily accessible as earlier studies indicated. A more complete characterization of the ground-water resources of the entire Middle Rio Grande Basin is hampered by a scarcity of data in the northern and southern areas of the basin. The USGS Middle Rio Grande Basin Study is a 5-year effort by the USGS and other agencies to improve the understanding of the hydrology, geology, and land-surface characteristics of the Middle Rio Grande Basin. The primary objective of this study is to improve the understanding of the water resources of the basin. Of particular interest is to determine the extent of hydrologic connection between the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer. Additionally, ground-water quality affects the availability of water supplies in the basin. Improving the existing USGS- constructed ground-water flow model of the Middle Rio Grande Basin will integrate all the various tasks that improve our knowledge of the various components of the Middle Rio Grande water budget. Part of this improvement will be accompanied by extended knowledge of the aquifer system beyond the Albuquerque area into the northern and southern reaches of the basin. Other improvements will be based on understanding gained through process-oriented research and improved geologic characterization of the deposits. The USGS will study the hydrology, geology, and land-surface characteristics of the basin to provide the scientific information needed for water- resources management and for managers to plan for water supplies needed for a growing population. To facilitate exchange of information among the

  12. Traveltime of the Rio Grande in the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico, Water Years 2003-05

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Langman, Jeff B.

    2008-01-01

    The quality of water in the Rio Grande is becoming increasingly important as more surface water is proposed for diversion from the river for potable and nonpotable uses. In cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey examined traveltime of the Rio Grande in the Middle Rio Grande Basin to evaluate the potential travel of a conservative solute entrained in the river's streamflow. A flow-pulse analysis was performed to determine traveltimes of a wide range of streamflows in the Rio Grande, to develop traveltime curves for estimating the possible traveltime of a conservative solute in the Rio Grande between Cochiti Dam and Albuquerque, and to evaluate streamflow velocities and dispersion and storage characteristics of the Rio Grande in the entire Middle Rio Grande Basin. A flow-pulse analysis was applied to 12 pulse events recorded during the 2003-05 water years for streamflow-gaging stations between Cochiti Dam and the city of San Acacia. Pulse streamflows ranged from 495 to 5,190 cubic feet per second (ft3/s). Three points of each pulse were tracked as the pulse passed a station - rising-limb leading edge, plateau leading edge, and plateau trailing edge. Most pulses indicated longer traveltimes for each successive point in the pulse. Dispersion and spreading of the pulses decreased with increased streamflow. Decreasing traveltimes were not always consistent with increasing streamflow, particularly for flows less than 1,750 ft3/s, and the relation of traveltime and original pulse streamflow at Cochiti indicated a nonlinear component. Average streamflow velocities decreased by greater than 30 percent from San Felipe to San Acacia. The expected trend of increasing dispersion with downstream travel was not always visible because of other influences on streamflow. With downstream flow, distributions of the pulses became more skewed to the descending limbs, indicating possible short-term storage of a part of the

  13. Microbial Ecology of an Extreme Acidic Environment, the Tinto River

    PubMed Central

    González-Toril, E.; Llobet-Brossa, E.; Casamayor, E. O.; Amann, R.; Amils, R.

    2003-01-01

    The Tinto River (Huelva, southwestern Spain) is an extreme environment with a rather constant acidic pH along the entire river and a high concentration of heavy metals. The extreme conditions of the Tinto ecosystem are generated by the metabolic activity of chemolithotrophic microorganisms thriving in the rich complex sulfides of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Molecular ecology techniques were used to analyze the diversity of this microbial community. The community's composition was studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) using 16S rRNA and by 16S rRNA gene amplification. A good correlation between the two approaches was found. Comparative sequence analysis of DGGE bands showed the presence of organisms related to Leptospirillum spp., Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidiphilium spp., “Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum,” Ferroplasma acidiphilum, and Thermoplasma acidophilum. The different phylogenetic groups were quantified by fluorescent in situ hybridization with a set of rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. More than 80% of the cells were affiliated with the domain Bacteria, with only a minor fraction corresponding to Archaea. Members of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, and Acidiphilium spp., all related to the iron cycle, accounted for most of the prokaryotic microorganisms detected. Different isolates of these microorganisms were obtained from the Tinto ecosystem, and their physiological properties were determined. Given the physicochemical characteristics of the habitat and the physiological properties and relative concentrations of the different prokaryotes found in the river, a model for the Tinto ecosystem based on the iron cycle is suggested. PMID:12902280

  14. Leveraging Trillions of Pixels for Flood Mitigation Decisions Support in the Rio Salado Basin, Argentina

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sullivan, J.; Routh, D.; Tellman, B.; Doyle, C.; Tomlin, J. N.

    2017-12-01

    The Rio Salado River Basin in Argentina is an economically important region that generates 25-30 percent of Argentina's grain and meat production. Between 2000-2011, floods in the basin caused nearly US$4.5 billion in losses and affected 5.5 million people. With the goal of developing cost-efficient flood monitoring and prediction capabilities in the Rio Salado Basin to support decision making, Cloud to Street is developing satellite based analytics to cover information gaps and improve monitoring capacity. This talk will showcase the Flood Risk Dashboard developed by Cloud to Street to support monitoring and decision-making at the level of provincial and national water management agencies in the Rio Salado Watershed. The Dashboard is based on analyzing thousands of MODIS, Landsat, and Sentinel scenes in Google Earth Engine to reconstruct the spatial history of flooding in the basin. The tool, iteratively designed with the end-user, shows a history of floodable areas with specific return times, exposed land uses and population, precipitation hyetographs, and spatial and temporal flood trends in the basin. These trends are used to understand both the impact of past flood mitigation investments (i.e. wetland reconstruction) and identify shifting flood risks. Based on this experience, we will also describe best practices on making remote sensing "flood dashboards" for water agencies.

  15. Water resources during drought conditions and postfire water quality in the upper Rio Hondo Basin, Lincoln County, New Mexico, 2010-13

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sherson, Lauren R.; Rice, Steven E.

    2015-07-16

    Changes in climate and increased groundwater and surface-water use are likely to affect the availability of water in the upper Rio Hondo Basin. Increased drought probably will increase the potential for wildfires, which can affect downstream water quality and increase flood potential. Climate-research predicted decreases in winter precipitation may have an adverse effect on the amount of groundwater recharge that occurs in the upper Rio Hondo Basin, given the predominance of winter precipitation recharge as indicated by the stable isotope results. Decreases in surface-water supplies because of persistent drought conditions and reductions in the quality of water because of the effects of wildfire may lead to a larger reliance on groundwater reserves in the upper Rio Hondo Basin. Decreasing water levels because of increasing groundwater withdrawal could reduce base flows in the Rio Bonito and Rio Ruidoso. Well organized and scientifically supported regional water-resources management will be necessary for dealing with the likely scenario of increases in demand coupled with decreases in supply in the upper Rio Hondo Basin.

  16. Orbital evidence for clay and acidic sulfate assemblages on Mars based on mineralogical analogs from Rio Tinto, Spain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kaplan, Hannah H.; Milliken, Ralph E.; Fernández-Remolar, David; Amils, Ricardo; Robertson, Kevin; Knoll, Andrew H.

    2016-09-01

    Outcrops of hydrated minerals are widespread across the surface of Mars, with clay minerals and sulfates being commonly identified phases. Orbitally-based reflectance spectra are often used to classify these hydrated components in terms of a single mineralogy, although most surfaces likely contain multiple minerals that have the potential to record local geochemical conditions and processes. Reflectance spectra for previously identified deposits in Ius and Melas Chasma within the Valles Marineris, Mars, exhibit an enigmatic feature with two distinct absorptions between 2.2 and 2.3 μm. This spectral 'doublet' feature is proposed to result from a mixture of hydrated minerals, although the identity of the minerals has remained ambiguous. Here we demonstrate that similar spectral doublet features are observed in airborne, field, and laboratory reflectance spectra of rock and sediment samples from Rio Tinto, Spain. Combined visible-near infrared reflectance spectra and X-ray diffraction measurements of these samples reveal that the doublet feature arises from a mixture of Al-phyllosilicate (illite or muscovite) and jarosite. Analyses of orbital data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) shows that the martian spectral equivalents are also consistent with mixtures of Al-phyllosilicates and jarosite, where the Al-phyllosilicate may also include kaolinite and/or halloysite. A case study for a region within Ius Chasma demonstrates that the relative proportions of the Al-phyllosilicate(s) and jarosite vary within one stratigraphic unit as well as between stratigraphic units. The former observation suggests that the jarosite may be a diagenetic (authigenic) product and thus indicative of local pH and redox conditions, whereas the latter observation may be consistent with variations in sediment flux and/or fluid chemistry during sediment deposition.

  17. Trace elements and organic compounds associated with riverbed sediments in the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo basin, Mexico and Texas

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Lee, R.W.; Wilson, J.T.

    1997-01-01

    In 1991, the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC) was mandated by the Texas Clean Rivers Act (Senate Bill 818) to assess water quality of rivers in Texas. Recent efforts to collect information for the assessment of water quality in the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin have involved Federal agencies on both sides of the 1,248-mile U.S.-Mexico border?U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Secretaria de Desarollo Social (Secretary for Social Development, Mexico), National Water Commission of Mexico, and International Boundary and Water Commission?as well as State and local agencies in a spirit of international cooperation. Substantial efforts have been made to gather data needed to determine the quality of water and ecological status of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo, especially at sites along the border (fig. 1). The purpose of this report is to assess selected historical data of trace elements and organic compounds in riverbed sediments of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo, and of the Pecos River and the Arroyo Colorado in Texas.

  18. Introduction in New perspectives on Rio Grande rift basins: from tectonics to groundwater

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hudson, Mark R.; Grauch, V.J.S.

    2013-01-01

    Basins of the Rio Grande rift have long been studied both for their record of rift development and for their potential as host of natural resources. Early workers described the basin geomorphology and the character of infilling sediments (e.g. Siebenthal, 1910; Bryan, 1938; Speigel and Baldwin, 1963), and subsequent research compilations provided general stratigraphic and tectonic overviews of rift basins and described their geophysical characteristics within the crust (Hawley, 1978; Riecker, 1979; Baldridge et al., 1984; Keller, 1986). Subsurface knowledge gained from hydrocarbon exploration activities coupled with detailed surface studies of basins and their flanking uplifts were presented in Geological Society of America (GSA) Special Paper 291, edited by Keller and Cather (1994a).

  19. Chemical and Isotopic Characterization of Waters in Rio Tinto, Spain, Shows Possible Origin of the Blueberry Haematite Nodules in Meridiani Planum, Mars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Coleman, M. L.; Hubbard, C. G.; Mielke, R. E.; Black, S.

    2005-12-01

    Meridiani Planum sediments formed in an acid environment and include jarosite and other evaporitic sulfate minerals. Nodular spheroidal concretions appear to have grown in situ and are predominantly hematite. The source of the Rio Tinto, S. Spain, drains an area of extensive sulfide mineralization and is dominated by acid mine drainage processes. The system is not a Mars analog but potentially similar processes of sulfide oxidation produce sulfate rich waters which feed into the river and precipitate a large range of evaporitic sulfates including jarosite. Iron oxide minerals associated with the evaporites are either dispersed or bedded but not nodular. The water compositions appear to be mixtures of a few discreet end-members: the two most significant occur in undiluted form as inputs to the river and are relevant to many such systems. They both have all sulfur totally oxidized as sulfate. The first is a bright red water, pH ~1.5, Fe/S 0.5 and 23 g/L iron which is greater than 95% Fe3+. Its sulfate oxygen isotope composition is +2‰SMOW and about +7‰, relative to the water O isotope composition. These data indicate pyrite oxidation by Fe3+ with O in sulfate coming mainly from water. The second end-member is a pale green water, pH ~0.7, Fe/S 0.7, 50 g/L iron present mainly as Fe2+ and O isotope composition of sulfate about +6‰SMOW , about +12.5‰ relative to the water O value. Oxygen in sulfate comes mainly from atmospheric oxygen resulting from pyrite oxidation by molecular oxygen dissolved in water. Although the Rio Tinto system reactions probably are microbiologically mediated (relevant genera have been identified there) similar processes could occur abiotically but more slowly. Meridiani Planum sediments and nodules can be described by a plausible set of similar end-member processes. The primary source of sulfate is oxidation of sulfides present in basalt (pyrite, FeS2 or pyrrhotite, FeS) and weathering would have produced oxidized sulfate rich solutions

  20. Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin Coalition

    Treesearch

    Sarah Kotchian

    1999-01-01

    In June 1994, one hundred people gathered for the first Uniting the Basin Conference in El Paso to discuss the state of their basin and to explore ways to improve its sustainability for future generations. One of the recommendations of that conference was the formation of an international non-governmental coalition of groups throughout the Basin to share information...

  1. Pareiorhaphis vetula, a new armored catfish from the headwaters of the Rio Doce basin, Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae).

    PubMed

    Pereira, Edson H L; Lehmann, Pablo A; Reis, Roberto E

    2016-07-28

    A new species of Pareiorhaphis is described from the upper Rio Doce basin. The description is based on a series of specimens recently collected in small headwater tributaries to the Rio Guanhães, a tributary of the Rio Santo Antonio, left bank of the Rio Doce in Minas Gerais State, eastern Brazil. Pareiorhaphis vetula, new species, is a small loricariid catfish with dark brown spots irregularly scattered over a brown background on the dorsal surface of body and along flanks. The new species differs from all other Pareiorhaphis species by having the maxillary barbel completely adnate to the lower lip and by adult males possessing a particularly elongate, sharply pointed, conical urogenital papilla. In addition, Pareiorhaphis vetula is further distinguished from most congeners by having a shorter pelvic-fin spine, or by possessing more numerous premaxillary teeth, and by lacking a dorsal-fin spinelet. A comparison with congeners P. nasuta, P. scutula and P. proskynita, which also occur in headwater streams of the Rio Doce basin is also presented.

  2. Annual suspended sediment and trace element fluxes in the Mississippi, Columbia, Colorado, and Rio Grande drainage basins

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Horowitz, A.J.; Elrick, K.A.; Smith, J.J.

    2001-01-01

    Suspended sediment, sediment-associated, total trace element, phosphorus (P), and total organic carbon (TOC) fluxes were determined for the Mississippi, Columbia, Rio Grande, and Colorado Basins for the study period (the 1996, 1997, and 1998 water years) as part of the US Geological Survey's redesigned National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) programme. The majority (??? 70%) of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Ba, P, As, Fe, Mn, and Al are transported in association with suspended sediment; Sr transport seems dominated by the dissolved phase, whereas the transport of Li and TOC seems to be divided equally between both phases. Average dissolved trace element levels are markedly lower than reported during the original NASQAN programme; this seems due to the use of 'clean' sampling, processing, and analytical techniques rather than to improvements in water quality. Partitioning between sediment and water for Ag, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, V, Be, As, Sb, Hg, and Ti could not be estimated due to a lack of detectable dissolved concentrations in most samples. Elevated suspended sediment-associated Zn levels were detected in the Ohio River Basin and elevated Hg levels were detected in the Tennessee River, the former may affect the mainstem Mississippi River, whereas the latter probably do not. Sediment-associated concentrations of Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co, Ba, Mo, Sb, Hg, and Fe are markedly elevated in the upper Columbia Basin, and appear to be detectable (Zn, Cd) as far downstream as the middle of the basin. These elevated concentrations seem to result from mining and/or mining-related activities. Consistently detectable concentrations of dissolved Se were found only in the Colorado River Basin. Calculated average annual suspended sediment fluxes at the mouths of the Mississippi and Rio Grande Basins were below, whereas those for the Columbia and Colorado Basins were above previously published annual values. Downstream suspended sediment-associated and total trace element fluxes

  3. The topographic distribution of annual incoming solar radiation in the Rio Grande River basin

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dubayah, R.; Van Katwijk, V.

    1992-01-01

    We model the annual incoming solar radiation topoclimatology for the Rio Grande River basin in Colorado, U.S.A. Hourly pyranometer measurements are combined with satellite reflectance data and 30-m digital elevation models within a topographic solar radiation algorithm. Our results show that there is large spatial variability within the basin, even at an annual integration length, but the annual, basin-wide mean is close to that measured by the pyranometers. The variance within 16 sq km and 100 sq km regions is a linear function of the average slope in the region, suggesting a possible parameterization for sub-grid-cell variability.

  4. Geochemical characterization of ground-water flow in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system, Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Plummer, Niel; Bexfield, Laura M.; Anderholm, Scott K.; Sanford, Ward E.; Busenberg, Eurybiades

    2004-01-01

    and sulfur hexafluoride from 288 wells and springs in parts of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. The surface-water data collected as part of this study include monthly measurements of major- and minor-element chemistry (30 elements), oxygen-18 and deuterium content of water, chlorofluorocarbons, and tritium content at 14 locations throughout the basin. Additional data include stable isotope analyses of precipitation and of ground water from City of Albuquerque production wells collected and archived from the early 1980?s, and other data on the chemical and isotopic composition of air, unsaturated zone air, plants, and carbonate minerals from throughout the basin. The data were used to identify 12 sources of water to the basin, map spatial and vertical extents of ground-water flow, map water chemistry in relation to hydrogeologic, stratigraphic, and structural properties of the basin, determine radiocarbon ages of ground water, and reconstruct paleo-environmental conditions in the basin over the past 30,000 years. The data indicate that concentrations of most elements and isotopes generally parallel the predominant north to south direction of ground-water flow. The radiocarbon ages of dissolved inorganic carbon in ground water range from modern (post-1950) to more than 30,000 years before present, and appear to be particularly well defined in the predominantly siliciclastic aquifer system. Major sources of water to the basin include (1) recharge from mountains along the north, east and southwest margins (median age 5,000-9,000 years); (2) seepage from the Rio Grande and Rio Puerco (median age 4,000-8,000 years), and from Abo and Tijeras Arroyos (median age 3,000-9,000 years); (3) inflow of saline water along the southwestern basin margin (median age 20,000 years); and (4) inflow along the northern basin margin that probably represents recharge from the Jemez Mountains during the last glacial period (median age 20,000 years). Water recharged from the Jemez Mountains

  5. Landsat Evapotranspiration for Historical Field-scale Water Use (1984-2015) in the Upper Rio Grande River Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Senay, G. B.; Schauer, M.; Singh, R. K.; Friedrichs, M.

    2017-12-01

    Field-scale water use maps derived from evapotranspiration (ET) can characterize water use patterns and the impacts of water management decisions. This project generated historical (1984-2015) Landsat-based ET maps for the entire Upper Rio Grande basin which makes this one of the largest regions in the United States with remotely sensed historical ET at Landsat resolution. More than 10,000 Landsat images spanning 32 years were processed using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model which integrates weather data and remotely sensed images to estimate monthly and annual ET. Time-series analysis focused on three water-intensive study areas within the basin: the San Luis Valley in Colorado, irrigated fields along the Rio Grande River near Albuquerque, NM, and irrigated fields near Las Cruces, NM. Preliminary analysis suggests land use changes result in declining water use in irrigated areas of the basin which corresponds with increases in land surface temperatures. Time-series analysis of water use patterns at multiple temporal and spatial scales demonstrates the impact of water management decisions on the availability of water in the basin. Comparisons with cropland data from the USDA (NASS CDL) demonstrate how water use for particular crop types changes over time in response to land use changes and shifts in water management. This study illustrates a useful application of "Big Data" earth observation science for quantifying impacts of climate and land use changes on water availability within the United States as well as applications in planning water resource allocation, managing water rights, and sustaining agricultural production in the Upper Rio Grande basin.

  6. Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE): A Simulated Mars Drilling Mission to Search for Subsurface Life at the Rio Tinto, Spain

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stoker, Carol; Lemke, Larry; Mandell, Humboldt; McKay, David; George, Jeffrey; Gomez-Alvera, Javier; Amils, Ricardo; Stevens, Todd; Miller, David

    2003-01-01

    The MARTE (Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment) project was selected by the new NASA ASTEP program, which supports field experiments having an equal emphasis on Astrobiology science and technology development relevant to future Astrobiology missions. MARTE will search for a hypothesized subsurface anaerobic chemoautotrophic biosphere in the region of the Tinto River in southwestern Spain while also demonstrating technology needed to search for a subsurface biosphere on Mars. The experiment is informed by the strategy for searching for life on Mars.

  7. Extreme Drought Conditions in the Rio Grande/Bravo Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gutiérrez, F.; Dracup, J. A.

    2001-12-01

    The Treaty of February 3, 1944 entitled "Utilization of Waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande" between the U.S. and Mexico regulates the distribution of flows of the rivers between these two countries. The treaty is based on hydrological data available up to 1944. Using new (historical and paleoclimatological) data, the water balance presented in the Treaty is re-examinated and the 431,721,000 m3/year allocation for USA during "extreme drought conditions" is re-evaluated. The authors define "extreme drought conditions" for this basin and a hydrological drought analysis is carried out using a streamflow simulation model. The analysis is complemented with an analysis of the effects of the El Niño - Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on precipitation and streamflow. The results of this research will be applicable to potential changes in the current water resources management policies on the basin. Given the social, economical and political importance of this basin, the findings of this research potentially will have significant impacts. This research is founded by the NSF fund SAHRA (Science and Technology Center to study and promote the "Sustainability of Water Resources in Semi-Arid Regions" at the University of Arizona).

  8. Change in fish fauna as indication of aquatic ecosystem condition in Rio Grande de Morelia-Lago de Cuitzeo Basin, Mexico

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Soto-Galera, E.; Paulo-Maya, J.; Lopez-Lopez, E.

    1999-07-01

    The Rio Grande de Morelia-Lago de Cuitzeo basin in west central Mexico has experienced major increases in water pollution from a rapidly growing human population. The authors examined changes in the long-term distribution of fishes in relation to water quality and quantity in order to assess the condition and health of aquatic ecosystems in the basin. Sampling between 1985 and 1993 revealed that five (26%) of the 19 native fish species known from the basin had been extirpated. Two of these were endemics, Chirostoma charari and C. compressum, and they are presumed extinct. Twelve (63%) of the remaining species hadmore » declines in distribution. Sixteen (80%) of the 20 localities sampled had lost species. The greatest declines occurred in Lago de Cuitzeo proper and in the lower portion of the Rio Grande de Morelia watershed. Species losses from the lake were attributable to drying and hypereutrophication of the lake because of substantial reductions in the amount and quality of tributary inputs, whereas losses from the Rio Grande de Morelia watershed were the result of pollution from agricultural, municipal, and industrial sources, especially in the region around the city of Morelia. Three localities in the upper portion of the Rio Grande de Morelia watershed--Cointzio reservoir, La Mintzita spring, and Insurgente Morelos stream--contained most of the remaining fish species diversity in the basin and deserve additional protection. Fish faunal changes indicated major declines in the health of aquatic ecosystems in the Morelia-Cuitzeo basin.« less

  9. Organics-bearing Clays from the Rio Tinto (spain): A Novel Analog for the Phyllosilicates Outcrops Seen By Omega-mex

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bonaccorsi, Rosalba

    2007-12-01

    The Rio Tinto (RT) is considered an important analog of Sinus Meridiani on Mars and an ideal model analog for a subsurface Martian setting [1]. The RT system comprises the upper sequence of an acid rock drainage system where weathered iron -rich rocks, overlain a massive-pyrite deposit. The RT analog site is ideal for testing on the preservation of organics in hematite-rich vs. phyllosilicates-rich environments [3]. It is suggested here that RT near-surface rocks, which embed pockets of Clays, represent also a potential new model analog for the phyllosilicates-rich outcrops seen by OMEGA-MEx on the surface of Mars [5]. Results from the analysis of cores drilled under the 2005 Robotic experiment of the MARTE project (Borehole#7 Site 607cm) [2-3] are presented in this paper. Primary mineral assemblages include hematite, goethite, and Phyllosilicates e.g.,smectite, kaolinite, as quantified by X-ray diffraction [4]. Organic carbon is at low concentration (<0.05%) beneath the soil horizon in most cores dominated by iron minerals but is considerably higher in Phyllosilicate-rich levels i.e., 0.2-0.3Wt% at 385 -550 cm-depth [2-3]. Phyllosilicate-rich terrains have been identified OMEGA/MEx in the Nili Fossae, Mawrth Valles and Candor Chasma regions [e.g., 5]. These outcrops are surrounded by hematite-rich deposits, which are potentially barren in organics [6]. The potential of phyllosilicates to preserve higher amounts of organics/ biosignatures is well known for several Earth environments as well as the RT near subsurface. This potential brings a relevant element for the selection of candidate sites for the MSL mission [e.g., 1]. References: [1]Fernandez-Remolar et al.,2005 EPSL, 240,149-167; [2]Stoker et al., 2007; [3] Bonaccorsi et al., 2007; [4] Sutter et al., 2007 in Astrobiology,MARTE Spec. Issue; [5] Bibring et al., 2006, Science 312, 400-404; [6] Sumner, 2004, JGR 109. Anknowlegments: NASA-Postdoctoral-Program/C.Stoker, B.Sutter, A.F Davila and the MARTE team for

  10. Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 1. Conceptualization of groundwater flow

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Plummer, Niel; Bexfield, L.M.; Anderholm, S.K.; Sanford, W.E.; Busenberg, E.

    2004-01-01

    Chemical and isotopic data for groundwater from throughout the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico, USA, were used to identify and map groundwater flow from 12 sources of water to the basin,evaluate radiocarbon ages, and refine the conceptual model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Hydrochemical zones, representing groundwater flow over thousands to tens of thousands of years, can be traced over large distances through the primarily siliciclastic aquifer system. The locations of the hydrochemical zones mostly reflect the "modern" predevelopment hydraulic-head distribution, but are inconsistent with a trough in predevelopment water levels in the west-central part of the basin, indicating that this trough is a transient rather than a long-term feature of the aquifer system. Radiocarbon ages adjusted for geochemical reactions, mixing, and evapotranspiration/dilution processes in the aquifer system were nearly identical to the unadjusted radiocarbon ages, and ranged from modern to more than 30 ka. Age gradients from piezometer nests ranged from 0.1 to 2 year cm-1 and indicate a recharge rate of about 3 cm year-1 for recharge along the eastern mountain front and infiltration from the Rio Grande near Albuquerque. There has been appreciably less recharge along the eastern mountain front north and south of Albuquerque. ?? Springer-Verlag 2004.

  11. Identification of the subsurface sulfide bodies responsible for acidity in Río Tinto source water, Spain

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gómez-Ortiz, David; Fernández-Remolar, David C.; Granda, Ángel; Quesada, Cecilio; Granda, Teresa; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Molina, Antonio; Amils, Ricardo

    2014-04-01

    The acidic waters of the Río Tinto rise from several acidic springs that emerge in the area surrounding Peña de Hierro (Fernández-Remolar et al., 2005). These springs are located above minor normal faults that act as natural conduits for the water from the underlying deep aquifer. Although it has been suggested that the acidity of the river originates from the biooxidation of massive and stockwork sulfides (Fernández-Remolar et al., 2008a), the location of the source for these acidic solutions has not previously been established. This lack of evidence has been used to suggest that the acidity of the Río Tinto may be the product of the most conspicuous of the possible source, the extensive mining of the area over approximately the last 5000 years (Davis et al., 2000). In this paper, we report resistivity and time-domain electromagnetic sounding data from the Río Tinto aquifer to a depth of ∼600 m, revealing the locations for the acidic sources. Both types of data support the presence of two distinct geological units that we interpret as thrust sheets emplaced onto each other during the Variscan orogeny of the Carboniferous. These units, both of which contain massive and stockwork sulfides, act as the aquifer for the acidic waters of the Río Tinto. Under this scenario, which is in agreement with the geological record of the Río Tinto fluvial system for the past 6 Ma (Moreno et al., 2003), our results imply that mining activity had little influence on the generation of the acidic river waters.

  12. Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 2. Calibration of a groundwater-flow model

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sanford, W.E.; Plummer, Niel; McAda, D.P.; Bexfield, L.M.; Anderholm, S.K.

    2004-01-01

    The calibration of a groundwater model with the aid of hydrochemical data has demonstrated that low recharge rates in the Middle Rio Grande Basin may be responsible for a groundwater trough in the center of the basin and for a substantial amount of Rio Grande water in the regional flow system. Earlier models of the basin had difficulty reproducing these features without any hydrochemical data to constrain the rates and distribution of recharge. The objective of this study was to use the large quantity of available hydrochemical data to help calibrate the model parameters, including the recharge rates. The model was constructed using the US Geological Survey's software MODFLOW, MODPATH, and UCODE, and calibrated using 14C activities and the positions of certain flow zones defined by the hydrochemical data. Parameter estimation was performed using a combination of nonlinear regression techniques and a manual search for the minimum difference between field and simulated observations. The calibrated recharge values were substantially smaller than those used in previous models. Results from a 30,000-year transient simulation suggest that recharge was at a maximum about 20,000 years ago and at a minimum about 10,000 years ago. ?? Springer-Verlag 2004.

  13. A multi-tracer approach to delineate groundwater dynamics in the Rio Actopan Basin, Veracruz State, Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pérez Quezadas, Juan; Heilweil, Victor M.; Cortés Silva, Alejandra; Araguas, Luis; Salas Ortega, María del Rocío

    2016-12-01

    Geochemistry and environmental tracers were used to understand groundwater resources, recharge processes, and potential sources of contamination in the Rio Actopan Basin, Veracruz State, Mexico. Total dissolved solids are lower in wells and springs located in the basin uplands compared with those closer to the coast, likely associated with rock/water interaction. Geochemical results also indicate some saltwater intrusion near the coast and increased nitrate near urban centers. Stable isotopes show that precipitation is the source of recharge to the groundwater system. Interestingly, some high-elevation springs are more isotopically enriched than average annual precipitation at higher elevations, indicating preferential recharge during the drier but cooler winter months when evapotranspiration is reduced. In contrast, groundwater below 1,200 m elevation is more isotopically depleted than average precipitation, indicating recharge occurring at much higher elevation than the sampling site. Relatively cool recharge temperatures, derived from noble gas measurements at four sites (11-20 °C), also suggest higher elevation recharge. Environmental tracers indicate that groundwater residence time in the basin ranges from 12,000 years to modern. While this large range shows varying groundwater flowpaths and travel times, ages using different tracer methods (14C, 3H/3He, CFCs) were generally consistent. Comparing multiple tracers such as CFC-12 with CFC-113 indicates piston-flow to some discharge points, yet binary mixing of young and older groundwater at other points. In summary, groundwater within the Rio Actopan Basin watershed is relatively young (Holocene) and the majority of recharge occurs in the basin uplands and moves towards the coast.

  14. Simulation of Ground-Water Flow in the Middle Rio Grande Basin Between Cochiti and San Acacia, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McAda, Douglas P.; Barroll, Peggy

    2002-01-01

    This report describes a three-dimensional, finite difference, ground-water-flow model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system within the Middle Rio Grande Basin between Cochiti and San Acacia, New Mexico. The aquifer system is composed of the Santa Fe Group of middle Tertiary to Quaternary age and post-Santa Fe Group valley and basin-fill deposits of Quaternary age. Population increases in the basin since the 1940's have caused dramatic increases in ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system, resulting in large ground-water-level declines. Because the Rio Grande is hydraulically connected to the aquifer system, these ground-water withdrawals have also decreased flow in the Rio Grande. Concern about water resources in the basin led to the development of a research plan for the basin focused on the hydrologic interaction of ground water and surface water (McAda, D.P., 1996, Plan of study to quantify the hydrologic relation between the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer system near Albuquerque, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4006, 58 p.). A multiyear research effort followed, funded and conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies (Bartolino, J.R., and Cole, J.C., 2002, Ground-water resources of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1222, 132 p.). The modeling work described in this report incorporates the results of much of this work and is the culmination of this multiyear study. The purpose of the model is (1) to integrate the components of the ground-water-flow system, including the hydrologic interaction between the surface-water systems in the basin, to better understand the geohydrology of the basin and (2) to provide a tool to help water managers plan for and administer the use of basin water resources. The aquifer system is represented by nine model layers extending from the water table to the pre-Santa Fe Group basement rocks, as much as 9,000 feet

  15. Using Temperature Forecasts to Improve Seasonal Streamflow Forecasts in the Colorado and Rio Grande Basins

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lehner, F.; Wood, A.; Llewellyn, D.; Blatchford, D. B.; Goodbody, A. G.; Pappenberger, F.

    2017-12-01

    Recent studies have documented the influence of increasing temperature on streamflow across the American West, including snow-melt driven rivers such as the Colorado or Rio Grande. At the same time, some basins are reporting decreasing skill in seasonal streamflow forecasts, termed water supply forecasts (WSFs), over the recent decade. While the skill in seasonal precipitation forecasts from dynamical models remains low, their skill in predicting seasonal temperature variations could potentially be harvested for WSFs to account for non-stationarity in regional temperatures. Here, we investigate whether WSF skill can be improved by incorporating seasonal temperature forecasts from dynamical forecasting models (from the North American Multi Model Ensemble and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast System 4) into traditional statistical forecast models. We find improved streamflow forecast skill relative to traditional WSF approaches in a majority of headwater locations in the Colorado and Rio Grande basins. Incorporation of temperature into WSFs thus provides a promising avenue to increase the robustness of current forecasting techniques in the face of continued regional warming.

  16. Selected hydrologic data for the upper Rio Hondo basin, Lincoln County, New Mexico, 1945-2003

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Donohoe, Lisa C.

    2004-01-01

    Demands for ground and surface water have increased in the upper Rio Hondo Basin due to increases in development and population. Local governments are responsible for land-use and development decisions and, therefore, the governments need information about water resources in their areas. Hydrologic data were compiled for the upper Rio Hondo Basin and water-level data were collected during two synoptic measurements in March and July 2003. Water-level data from March 2003 were contoured and compared with contours constructed in 1963. The 5,600-, 5,700-, and 5,800-foot March 2003 contours indicate that water levels rose. The 5,500-foot contour for March 2003 indicates a decline in water level. The 5,400-foot contour of March 2003 and the 1963 contour mostly coincide, indicating a static water level. The 5,300- and 5,200-foot contours for March 2003 cross the 1963 contours, indicating a decline in water levels near the Rio Ruidoso but a rise in water levels near the Rio Bonito. In eight hydrographs, 2003 water levels are shown to be higher than water levels from the mid- to late 1950's in five of the eight wells. For the same period of record, water levels in the three remaining wells were lower. Rising and declining water levels were highest in the northern part of the study area; the median rise was 4.01 feet and the median decline was 3.51 feet. In the southern part of the study area, the median water-level rise was 2.21 feet and the median decline was 1.56 feet.

  17. 78 FR 16569 - Iowa Pacific Holdings, LLC, Permian Basin Railways, and San Luis & Rio Grande Railroad-Corporate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-15

    ... Exemption-- Massachusetts Coastal Railroad, LLC Iowa Pacific Holdings, LLC (IPH), its wholly owned subsidiaries Permian Basin Railways (PBR) and San Luis & Rio Grande Railroad (SLRG), and Massachusetts Coastal Railroad, LLC (Mass Coastal) (collectively, applicants), have jointly filed a verified notice of exemption...

  18. Mountain-front recharge along the eastern side of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Anderholm, Scott K.

    2000-01-01

    Mountain-front recharge, which generally occurs along the margins of alluvial basins, can be a large part of total recharge to the aquifer system in such basins. Mountain-front recharge occurs as the result of infiltration of flow from streams that have headwaters in the mountainous areas adjacent to alluvial basins and ground- water flow from the aquifers in the mountainous areas to the aquifer in the alluvial basin. This report presents estimates of mountain-front recharge to the basin-fill aquifer along the eastern side of the Middle Rio Grande Basin in central New Mexico. The basin is a structural feature that contains a large thickness of basin-fill deposits, which compose the main aquifer in the basin. The basin is bounded along the eastern side by mountains composed of crystalline rocks of Precambrian age and sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age. Precipitation is much larger in the mountains than in the basin; many stream channels debouch from the mountainous area to the basin. Chloride-balance and water-yield regression methods were used to estimate mountain-front recharge. The chloride-balance method was used to calculate a chloride balance in watersheds in the mountainous areas along the eastern side of the basin (subareas). The source of chloride to these watersheds is bulk precipitation (wet and dry deposition). Chloride leaves these watersheds as mountain-front recharge. The water-yield regression method was used to determine the streamflow from the mountainous watersheds at the mountain front. This streamflow was assumed to be equal to mountain-front recharge because most of this streamflow infiltrates and recharges the basin-fill aquifer. Total mountain-front recharge along the eastern side of the Middle Rio Grande Basin was estimated to be about 11,000 acre- feet per year using the chloride-balance method and about 36,000 and 38,000 acre-feet per year using two water-yield regression equations. There was a large range in the recharge estimates in a

  19. Two new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from Rio Verde drainage, Upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil.

    PubMed

    Volcan, Matheus Vieira; Klotzel, Bruno; Lanés, Luis Esteban Krause

    2017-02-21

    Two new species of the genus Melanorivulus are herein described from the middle Rio Verde drainage, upper Rio Paraná basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Both new species are members of the Melanorivulus pictus clade, diagnosed by having ventral process of angulo-articular vestigial and flanks intense greenish blue or greenish golden to purplish blue above anal fin base in males. Melanorivulus nigropunctatus, new species, from wetlands of a small drainage tributary of right side of the Rio Verde, differs from all other congeners by possessing black dots over the head and body in both sexes and pectoral fin orange with a dark grey margin in males. Melanorivulus ofaie, new species, is found in a similar environment, but at the opposite margin of the Rio Verde. It is distinguished by males presenting flank greenish blue to light blue, with seven to nine oblique chevron-like red bars, ventral portion of head whitish with dark brown spots, dorsal fin yellow with two to three transverse broad red oblique stripes and distal region red, anal fin light orangish yellow, basal area light blue with short red bars and distal portion with a dark red margin, and caudal fin yellow or orangish yellow with three to four vertical red bars in the dorsal and middle portions, sometimes with a orange distal margin. Both new species are considered endangered due to the loss and degradation of their habitat.

  20. Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Astrobiology: Analogs and Applications to the Search for Life

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2004-01-01

    The session "Astrobiology: Analogs and Applications to the Search for Life" included the folowing reports:The Search for Life on Mars Using Macroscopically Visible Microbial Mats (Stromatolites) in 3.5/3.3 Ga Cherts from the Pilbara in Australia and Barberton in South Africa as Analogues; Life in a Mars Analog: Microbial Activity Associated with Carbonate Cemented Lava Breccias from NW Spitsbergen; Groundwater-fed Iron-rich Microbial Mats in a Freshwater Creek: Growth Cycles and Fossilization Potential of Microbial Features; Episodic Fossilization of Microorganisms on an Annual Timescale in an Anthropogenically Modified Natural Environment: Geochemical Controls and Implications for Astrobiology; Proterozoic Microfossils and Their Implications for Recognizing Life on Mars; Microbial Alteration of Volcanic Glass in Modern and Ancient Oceanic Crust as a Proxy for Studies of Extraterrestrial Material ; Olivine Alteration on Earth and Mars; Searching for an Acidic Aquifer in the R!o Tinto Basin. First Geobiology Results of MARTE Project; In-Field Testing of Life Detection Instruments and Protocols in a Mars Analogue Arctic Environment; Habitability of the Shallow Subsurface on Mars: Clues from the Meteorites; Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment (MARTE): 2003 Drilling Campaign to Search for a Subsurface Biosphere at Rio Tinto Spain; Characterization of the Organic Matter in an Archean Chert (Warrawoona, Australia); and The Solfatara Crater, Italy: Characterization of Hydrothermal Deposits, Biosignatures and Their Astrobiological Implication.

  1. Research and management of soil, plant, animal, and human resources in the Middle Rio Grande Basin

    Treesearch

    Deborah M. Finch

    1996-01-01

    The Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station initiated a research program in 1994 called. "Ecology, diversity, and sustainability of soil, plant, animal, and human resources of the Rio Grande Basin". This program is funded by an Ecosystem Management grant from Forest Service Research. Its mission focuses on the development and application of new...

  2. A120 yr record of widespread contamination from mining of the Iberian pyrite belt

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    VanGeen, A.; Adkins, J.F.; Boyle, E.A.; Nelson, C.H.; Palanques, A.

    1997-01-01

    A metal-enriched seawater plume entering the western Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar originates 300 km to the west in the Rio Tinto estuary of southwestern Spain. Mining of Rio Tinto ore, one of the largest metal-rich sulfide deposits in the world, started well before Roman times. Contemporary Rio Tinto waters draining the region are highly acidic (pH 2.5) with dissolved cadmium, zinc, and copper concentrations 105-106 times higher than in uncontaminated surface water of the Gulf of Cadiz. Two dated sediment cores from the Spanish continental shelf show that metal inputs to the region increased with the onset of intensive mining activities during the second half of the 19th century. Although the impact of mining may have decreased over the past few decades, the Tinto river and estuary remain highly contaminated.

  3. Development and impact of biological control of giant reed, Arundo donax, in the Rio Grande Basin of the U.S. and Mexico

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) also known as giant cane or carrizo cane, is an exotic perennial grass that has infested over 60,000 hectares along riparian corridors in the southwestern U.S. The most severe infestations are in the Lower Rio Grande Basin, where giant reed along the Rio Grande and Mexic...

  4. Study of erosion processes in the Tinto salt-marshes with remote sensing images.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2016-01-01

    Both climatic factors and the sea wave energy are two important factors to study the tidal wetlands. One of the most important wetlands in the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula is the Tinto salt-marshes, the third largest wetland in Andalusia after ...

  5. A Decision Support System for Demand Management of the Rio Conchos Basin, Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stewart, S.; Valdes, J.; Gastelum, J.; Brookshire, D.; Aparicio, J.; Hidalgo, J.; Velazco, I.

    2003-12-01

    There is a need for integrated models of transboundary watersheds such as that of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo (RGRB) along the US/Mexico border. We present the first stage an interdisciplinary effort to develop a semi-distributed regional dynamic simulation model (DSM) for examining water issues in the Lower RGRB basin. The RGRB serves as the border between the U.S. and Mexico. We focus first on the Conchos River basin, which contributes approximately 70-80% of the surface flow in the lower RGRB basin. Irrigated agriculture has historically been the major user of water and irrigated acreage continues to expand, but it faces increasing competition from industrial development, maquiladoras, and increasing residential water demand. International agreements such as the Treaty of 1944 between the US and Mexico stipulate that the flows in the RGRB are equally split. Yet uncertainties remain due to vagaries in the legislation. For example, Mexico is required to provide an average of 350,000 AF/yr over a five-year cycle, unless "extraordinary drought" occurs, although the Treaty does not define extraordinary. The characterization of droughts poses a significant problem for hydrometeorologists and water resource engineers. Our simulation model incorporates drought indices developed to characterize droughts in semi-arid and arid regions and statistical approaches to examine the spatial influence of droughts. To examine the effects of various structural and institutional changes to water use in the basin to meet the requirements of the Treaty and simulate climactic issues, we model agricultural, municipal, and industrial water demands that are directly linked to sectors of the regional economy using input output (IO) models. IO models can be used to examine how changes in water deliveries to the agricultural or manufacturing sectors affect the level of output, employment, and wages in the regional economy. All model outputs will be incorporated into a decision support system

  6. Competing Interests and Concerns in the Rio Grande Basin: Mountain Hydrology, Desert Ecology, Climate Change, and Population Growth

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rango, A.

    2004-12-01

    In the mountainous American Southwest, the Rio Grande basin is a prime example of how conflicts, misconceptions, and competition regarding water can arise in arid and semi-arid catchments. Much of the Rio Grande runoff originates from snow fields in the San Juan Mountains of southern Colorado and the Sangre De Cristo Mountains of northern New Mexico, far from population centers. Large and rapidly growing cities, like Albuquerque, Las Cruces, El Paso, and Juarez, are located along the Rio Grande where it flows through the Chihuahuan Desert, the largest desert in North America(two NSF Long Term Ecological Research sites are located in the desert portion of the basin). As a result, the importance of snowmelt, which makes up 50-75% or more of the total streamflow in sub-basins above Elephant Butte Reservoir(in south central New Mexico) is hardly known to the general public. Streamflow below Elephant Butte Reservoir is rainfall driven and very limited, with the lower basin receiving only 170-380 mm of precipitation annually, most of it occurring during the months of July-September. Extreme events, such as drought and flooding, are not unusual in arid basins, and they are of increasing concern with regard to changes in frequency of such events under the impending conditions of climate change. Current water demands in the basin already exceed the water supply by 15% or more, so streamflow forecasts(especially from snowmelt runoff) are extremely valuable for efficient water management as well as for proper apportionment of water between Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas under the Rio Grande Compact of 1938 and between the U.S. and Mexico under the Treaty of 1906. Other demands on the water supply include Indian water rights, flood regulation, irrigated agriculture, municipal and industrial demands, water quality, riverine and riparian habitat protection, endangered and threatened species protection, recreation, and hydropower. To assess snow accumulation and cover and to

  7. Ichthyofauna of Ceará-Mirim River basin, Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil

    PubMed Central

    da Costa, Nathalia Kaluana Rodrigues; de Paiva, Roney Emanuel Costa; da Silva, Márcio Joaquim; Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo; Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz

    2017-01-01

    Abstract Ichthyological studies in coastal basins of the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion were first conducted in the early 20th century, including collections from the Ceará-Mirim River basin, in northeastern Brazil. Besides a few systematics and ecological studies, the knowledge on fishes from this watershed is still considered partial and restricted to the freshwater portion. Thus, the objective of this paper was to conduct a comprehensive ichthyological survey of the entire Ceará-Mirim River basin, from the headwaters to the estuarine area. Fish surveys were conducted from 2011 to 2016 using varied fishing gear, resulting in the record of 63 native species (24 freshwater, 15 estuarine, and 24 marine species) and two introduced species. Four species are putatively endemic to the ecoregion, and 48 consist of new records for the basin. According to the Brazilian’s threatened fish list, three species are currently classified as ‘vulnerable’ (Megalops atlanticus, Hippocampus reidi and Mycteroperca bonaci), four as ‘near threatened’ (Kryptolebias hermaphroditus, Dormitator maculatus, Lutjanus sygnagris and L. jocu) and three as ‘data deficient’ (Cheirodon jaguaribensis, Mugil curema and Sphoeroides testudineus). The Ceará-Mirim River basin does not have any protected areas and has been suffering multiple anthropogenic impacts, however the "Centro Tecnológico de Aquicultura" (Aquaculture Technological Center) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (CTA/UFRN) at the lower portion of the basin may help in the conservation of the estuarine and estuarine fish species. PMID:29302231

  8. New species of Hyphessobrycon from the Rio Teles Pires, Rio Tapajós basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi, Characiformes).

    PubMed

    Carvalho, F R; Cabeceira, F G; Carvalho, L N

    2017-09-01

    A new species of Hyphessobrycon from the upper Rio Tapajós basin, in the Tapajós-Juruena ecoregion, is described. Hyphessobrycon pinnistriatus n. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by having a black, oblique stripe extending from the origin of the second branched ray to the distal end of the third branched anal-fin ray, lacking a conspicuous black midlateral stripe on the body, inner premaxillary teeth with up to seven cusps, and fins normally hyaline or with scattered chromatophores. The description of a new species that is restricted to the Tapajós-Juruena ecoregion is consistent with this region being an area of high endemism of freshwater fishes. © 2017 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

  9. Late Miocene-Pleistocene evolution of a Rio Grande rift subbasin, Sunshine Valley-Costilla Plain, San Luis Basin, New Mexico and Colorado

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ruleman, C.A.; Thompson, R.A.; Shroba, R.R.; Anderson, M.; Drenth, B.J.; Rotzien, J.; Lyon, J.

    2013-01-01

    The Sunshine Valley-Costilla Plain, a structural subbasin of the greater San Luis Basin of the northern Rio Grande rift, is bounded to the north and south by the San Luis Hills and the Red River fault zone, respectively. Surficial mapping, neotectonic investigations, geochronology, and geophysics demonstrate that the structural, volcanic, and geomorphic evolution of the basin involves the intermingling of climatic cycles and spatially and temporally varying tectonic activity of the Rio Grande rift system. Tectonic activity has transferred between range-bounding and intrabasin faults creating relict landforms of higher tectonic-activity rates along the mountain-piedmont junction. Pliocene–Pleistocene average long-term slip rates along the southern Sangre de Cristo fault zone range between 0.1 and 0.2 mm/year with late Pleistocene slip rates approximately half (0.06 mm/year) of the longer Quaternary slip rate. During the late Pleistocene, climatic influences have been dominant over tectonic influences on mountain-front geomorphic processes. Geomorphic evidence suggests that this once-closed subbasin was integrated into the Rio Grande prior to the integration of the once-closed northern San Luis Basin, north of the San Luis Hills, Colorado; however, deep canyon incision, north of the Red River and south of the San Luis Hills, initiated relatively coeval to the integration of the northern San Luis Basin.Long-term projections of slip rates applied to a 1.6 km basin depth defined from geophysical modeling suggests that rifting initiated within this subbasin between 20 and 10 Ma. Geologic mapping and geophysical interpretations reveal a complex network of northwest-, northeast-, and north-south–trending faults. Northwest- and northeast-trending faults show dual polarity and are crosscut by north-south– trending faults. This structural model possibly provides an analog for how some intracontinental rift structures evolve through time.

  10. A new species of Aspidoras Ihering (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae: Corydoradinae) from the Rio Xingu Basin, Pará, Brazil.

    PubMed

    Leão, Manuela D V; Britto, Marcelo R; Wosiacki, Wolmar B

    2015-07-21

    A new species of Aspidoras is described from an unnamed stream in the Rio Xingu Basin, Castelo de Sonhos municipality, Pará State, representing the northernmost record of the genus along the edge of the Brazilian Shield in the Amazon Basin. Aspidoras marianae is easily distinguished from all congeners in having minute odontode-bearing platelets scattered over the surface of the snout region, minute platelets between the parieto-supraoccipital process and the nuchal plate, and other shared features related to color pattern, morphometrics, meristics and morphological data. Comments about exclusive and shared features are presented.

  11. Three decades of monitoring in the Rio Cordon instrumented basin: Sediment budget and temporal trend of sediment yield

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rainato, R.; Mao, L.; García-Rama, A.; Picco, L.; Cesca, M.; Vianello, A.; Preciso, E.; Scussel, G. R.; Lenzi, M. A.

    2017-08-01

    This paper investigates nearly 30 years of monitoring of sediment fluxes in an instrumented Alpine basin (Rio Cordon, Italy). The collected bedload and suspended sediment transport data allows sediment dynamics to be analyzed at different time scales, ranging from short- (single event) to long-term (three decades). The Rio Cordon monitoring station has been operating since 1986, continuously recording water discharge, bedload and suspended load. At the flood event scale, a good relationship was found between peak discharges (Qpeak) and sediment load (bedload and suspended load). The inter-annual sediment yields were analyzed, also assessing the contribution of the single floods to the total sediment budget. The annual suspended load ranges from 10 to 2524 t yr- 1, while the bedload varies from 0 to 1543 t yr- 1. The higher annual yields were recorded in the years when large floods occurred, highlighting that the sediment budget in the Rio Cordon is strongly controlled by the occurrence of high magnitude events. Investigation of the seasonal suspended load contribution demonstrated that from 1986 to 1993 most fine sediments were transported during the snowmelt/summer seasons, while autumn and snowmelt were the dominant seasons contributing to sediment yield in the periods 1994-2002 and 2003-2014, respectively. The mean annual sediment yield from 1986 to 2014 is equal to 103 t km- 2 yr- 1, and overall, bedload accounts for 21% of the total sediment yield. The ratio between the sediment transport and the effective runoff of the events allowed the temporal trends of transport efficiency to be inferred, highlighting the existence of periods characterized by different sediment availability. In particular, despite no significant changes in the hydrological variables (i.e. rainfall), nearly a decade (1994-2002) with high transport efficiency appears to have occurred after an exceptional event (recurrence interval > 100 years). This event affected the sediment availability

  12. Wrapped in flames: Corydoras hephaestus, a new remarkably colored species from the Rio Madeira basin (Teleostei: Callichthyidae).

    PubMed

    Ohara, Willian Massaharu; Tencatt, Luiz F C; Britto, Marcelo R

    2016-09-26

    A new species of Corydoras is described from the upper Rio Machado, Rio Madeira basin, Rondônia State, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of contact between the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and the nuchal plate; a ventral laminar expansion of the infraorbital 1 conspicuously developed; and the posterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine with serrations along almost of its entire length, only lacking in the distal portion. Additionally, Corydoras hephaestus possesses dorsal and pectoral spines short, and exhibits an unusual color pattern in life. The conservation status of the new species and other endemic species are briefly commented.

  13. Latest Miocene-earliest Pliocene evolution of the ancestral Rio Grande at the Española-San Luis Basin boundary, northern New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Daniel J. Koning,; Aby, Scott B.; Grauch, V. J.; Matthew J. Zimmerer,

    2016-01-01

    We use stratigraphic relations, paleoflow data, and 40Ar/39Ar dating to interpret net aggradation, punctuated by at least two minor incisional events, along part of the upper ancestral Rio Grande fluvial system between 5.5 and 4.5 Ma (in northern New Mexico). The studied fluvial deposits, which we informally call the Sandlin unit of the Santa Fe Group, overlie a structural high between the San Luis and Española Basins. The Sandlin unit was deposited by two merging, west- to southwest-flowing, ancestral Rio Grande tributaries respectively sourced in the central Taos Mountains and southern Taos Mountains-northeastern Picuris Mountains. The river confluence progressively shifted southwestward (downstream) with time, and the integrated river (ancestral Rio Grande) flowed southwards into the Española Basin to merge with the ancestral Rio Chama. Just prior to the end of the Miocene, this fluvial system was incised in the southern part of the study area (resulting in an approximately 4–7 km wide paleovalley), and had sufficient competency to transport cobbles and boulders. Sometime between emplacement of two basalt flows dated at 5.54± 0.38 Ma and 4.82±0.20 Ma (groundmass 40Ar/39Ar ages), this fluvial system deposited 10–12 m of sandier sediment (lower Sandlin subunit) preserved in the northern part of this paleovalley. The fluvial system widened between 4.82±0.20 and 4.50±0.07 Ma, depositing coarse sand and fine gravel up to 14 km north of the present-day Rio Grande. This 10–25 m-thick sediment package (upper Sandlin unit) buried earlier south- to southeast-trending paleovalleys (500–800 m wide) inferred from aeromagnetic data. Two brief incisional events are recognized. The first was caused by the 4.82±0.20 Ma basalt flow impounding south-flowing paleodrainages, and the second occurred shortly after emplacement of a 4.69±0.09 Ma basalt flow in the northern study area. Drivers responsible for Sandlin unit aggradation may include climate

  14. Deformation in the Basin & Range Province and Rio Grande Rift using InSAR Time Series

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Taylor, H.; Pisaniello, M.; Pritchard, M. E.

    2012-12-01

    High heat flow in the Basin and Range Province and Rio Grande Rift has been attributed to partial melting in the crust and upper mantle as a result of ongoing extension (e.g. Lachenbruch 1978). We would then expect to observe surface deformation in areas with actively moving magmatic fluids. The distribution of these magmatic fluids has implications for the rheology of the crust and upper mantle. For this study, we use InSAR to locate deformation due to magmatic sources as well as localized hydrologic deformation. While our focus is magmatic deformation, hydrologic signals are important for correcting geodetic data used to monitor tectonic activity. InSAR is a suitable technique for a large study in the Basin and Range and Rio Grande Rift since SAR acquisitions are both numerous and temporally extensive in these regions. We use ERS-1, ERS-2, and ENVISAT SAR images from 1992-2010 to create time series' with interferograms up to 1800km long from both ascending and descending satellite tracks. Each time series has an average of 100 interferograms reducing the atmospheric noise that masks small deformation signals in single interferograms. The time series' results are validated using overlapping tracks and are further compared to signals identified in previous geophysical studies (e.g. Reilinger and Brown 1980, Massonnet et al 1997, Finnegan and Pritchard 2009). We present results for several areas of deformation in the Basin & Range Province and Rio Grande Rift. An agricultural area near Roswell, NM exhibits seasonal uplift and subsidence of ±3.5cm/yr between 1992 and 1999. Results indicate subsidence on the order of 1cm/yr and uplift of 2cm/yr at the Raft River power plant, ID that is likely related to the start of geothermal fluid production and injection. Just north of the Raft River plant, we detect what appears to be rapid agricultural subsidence in an area extending for 50km. We discuss subsidence of ~2cm/yr in Escalante Valley, UT that is comparable to

  15. Aseptically Sampled Organics in Subsurface Rocks From the Mars Analog Rio Tinto Experiment: An Analog For The Search for Deep Subsurface Life on Mars.}

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bonaccorsi, R.; Stoker, C. R.

    2005-12-01

    The subsurface is the key environment for searching for life on planets lacking surface life. Subsurface ecosystems are of great relevance to astrobiology including the search for past/present life on Mars. The surface of Mars has conditions preventing current life but the subsurface might preserve organics and even host some life [1]. The Mars-Analog-Rio-Tinto-Experiment (MARTE) is performing a simulation of a Mars drilling experiment. This comprises conventional and robotic drilling of cores in a volcanically-hosted-massive-pyrite deposit [2] from the Iberian Pyritic Belt (IBP) and life detection experiments applying anti-contamination protocols (e.g., ATP Luminometry assay). The RT is considered an important analog of the Sinus Meridiani site on Mars and an ideal model analog for a deep subsurface Martian environment. Former results from MARTE suggest the existence of a relatively complex subsurface life including aerobic and anaerobic chemoautotrophs and strict anaerobic methanogens sustained by Fe and S minerals in anoxic conditions. A key requirement for the analysis of a subsurface sample on Mars is a set of simple tests that can help determine if the sample contains organic material of biological origin, and its potential for retaining definitive biosignatures. We report here on the presence of bulk organic matter Corg (0.03-0.05 Wt%), and Ntot (0.01-0.04 Wt%) and amount of measured ATP (Lightning MVP, Biocontrol) in weathered rocks (tuffs, gossan, pyrite stockwork from Borehole #8; >166m). This provides key insight on the type of trophic system sustaining the subsurface biosphere (i.e., heterotrophs vs. autotrophs) at RT. ATP data (Relative-Luminosity-Units, RLU) provide information on possible contamination and distribution of viable biomass with core depth (BH#8, and BH#7, ~3m). Avg. 153 RLU, i.e., surface vs. center of core, suggest that cleaness/sterility can be maintained when using a simple sterile protocol under field conditions. Results from this

  16. San Mateo Creek Basin

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The San Mateo Creek Basin comprises approximately 321 square miles within the Rio San Jose drainage basin in McKinley and Cibola counties, New Mexico. This basin is located within the Grants Mining District (GMD).

  17. The Cerrillos Uplift, the La Bajada Constriction, and Hydrogeologic Framework of the Santo Domingo Basin, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Minor, Scott A.

    2006-01-01

    The geologic, geophysical, and hydrogeologic properties of the La Bajada constriction and Santo Domingo Basin, northern New Mexico, result from tectonic and volcanic processes of the late Tertiary and Quaternary Rio Grande rift. An integrated geologic and geophysical assessment in the La Bajada constriction allows development of a geologic framework that can provide input for regional ground-water flow models. These models then can provide better estimates of future water supplies in a region that largely subsists on aquifers in Rio Grande rift basins. The combination of surface geologic investigations (stratigraphic and structural studies; chapters A, B, C, and E), airborne geophysics (aeromagnetic and time-domain electromagnetic surveys; chapters D and F), ground geophysical measurements (gravity and magnetotelluric surveys; chapters D and F), and data from the few wells in the area (chapter G) provides new constraints on the hydrogeologic framework of this area. Summary results of our investigations are synthesized in chapter G. Through-going aquifers consisting of ancestral Rio Grande axial-river sand and gravel and of coarse western-piedmont gravel form the predominant ground-water pathways through the partly buried structural trough defining the La Bajada constriction between Espa?ola and Santo Domingo Basins. Thick, clay-rich Cretaceous marine shales of low hydraulic conductivity form a pervasive regional confining unit within the Cerrillos uplift on the southeast flank of the constriction. Numerous, dominantly north-northwest-striking, intrabasin faults that project part way across the La Bajada constriction create a matrix of laterally and vertically variable hydrogeologic compartments that locally partition and deflect ground-water flow parallel to faults.

  18. Application of cluster analysis to the geochemistry zonation of the estuary waters in the Tinto and Odiel rivers (Huelva, Spain).

    PubMed

    Grande, José Antonio; Borrego, José; de la Torre, Maria Luisa; Sáinz, A

    2003-06-01

    The combination of acid water from mines, industrial effluents and sea water plays a determining role in the evolutionary process of the chemical makeup of the water in the estuary of the Tinto and Odiel rivers. This estuary is in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula and is one of the estuarine systems on the northwest coast of the Gulf of Cádiz. From the statistical treatment of data obtained by analyzing samples of water from this system, which is affected by industrial and mining pollution processes, we can see how the sampling points studied form two large groups depending on whether they receive tidal or fluvial influences. Fluvial input contributes acid water with high concentrations of heavy metal, whereas industrial effluents are responsible for the presence of phosphates, silica and other nutrients. The estuarine system of the Tinto and Odiel Rivers can be divided into three areas--the Tinto estuary, the Odiel estuary and the area of confluence--based on the physical--chemical characteristics of the water.

  19. Composition and spectra of copper-carotenoid sediments from a pyrite mine stream in Spain.

    PubMed

    Garcia-Guinea, Javier; Furio, Marta; Sanchez-Moral, Sergio; Jurado, Valme; Correcher, Virgilio; Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo

    2015-01-25

    Mine drainages of La Poderosa (El Campillo, Huelva, Spain), located in the Rio Tinto Basin (Iberian Pyrite Belt) generate carotenoid complexes mixed with copper sulfates presenting good natural models for the production of carotenoids from microorganisms. The environmental conditions of Rio Tinto Basin include important environmental stresses to force the microorganisms to accumulate carotenoids. Here we show as carotenoid compounds in sediments can be analyzed directly in the solid state by Raman and Luminescence spectroscopy techniques to identify solid carotenoid, avoiding dissolution and pre-concentration treatments, since the hydrous copper-salted paragenesis do not mask the Raman emission of carotenoids. Raman spectra recorded from one of these specimens' exhibit major features at approximately 1006, 1154, and 1520 cm(-1). The bands at 1520 cm(-1) and 1154 cm(-1) can be assigned to in-phase C=C (γ(-1)) and C-C stretching (γ(-2)) vibrations of the polyene chain in carotenoids. The in-plane rocking deformations of CH3 groups linked to this chain coupled with C-C bonds are observed in the 1006 cm(-1) region. X-irradiation pretreatments enhance the cathodoluminescence spectra emission of carotenoids enough to distinguish organic compounds including hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Carotenoids in copper-sulfates could be used as biomarkers and useful proxies for understanding remote mineral formations as well as for terrestrial environmental investigations related to mine drainage contamination including biological activity and photo-oxidation processes. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  20. The role of major rift faults in the evolution of deformation bands in the Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hilario Bezerra, Francisco; Araujo, Renata; Maciel, Ingrid; Cezar Nogueira, Francisco; Balsamo, Fabrizio; Storti, Fabrizio; Souza, Jorge Andre; Carvalho, Bruno

    2017-04-01

    Many studies have investigated on the evolution and properties of deformation bands, but their occurrence and relationships with basin-boundary faults remain elusive when the latter form by brittle reactivation of structural inheritance in crystalline basements. The main objective of our study was to systematically record the location, kinematics, geometry, and density of deformation bands in the early Cretaceous Rio do Peixe basin, NE Brazil, and analyze their relationship with major syn-rift fault zones. Reactivation in early Cretaceous times of continental-scale ductile shear zones led to the development of rift basins in NE Brazil. These shear zones form a network of NE- and E-W-trending structures hundreds of kilometers long and 3-10 km wide. They were active in the Brasiliano orogeny at 540-740 Ma. Brittle reactivation of these structures occurred in Neocomian times ( 140-120 Ma) prior the breakup between the South American and African plates in the late Cretaceous. The Rio do Peixe basin formed at the intersection between the NE-SW-striking Portalegre shear zone and the E-W-striking Patos shear zone. The brittle fault systems developed by the shear zone reactivation are the Portalegre Fault and the Malta Fault, respectively. In this research we used field structural investigations and drone imagery with centimetric resolution. Our results indicate that deformation bands occur in poorly sorted, medium to coarse grain size sandstones and localize in 3-4 km wide belts in the hanging wall of the two main syn-rifts fault systems. Deformation bands formed when sandstones were not completely lithified. They strike NE along the Portalegre Fault and E-W along the Malta Fault and have slip lineations with rake values ranging from 40 to 90. The kinematics recorded in deformation bands is consistent with that characterizing major rift fault systems, i.e. major extension with a strike-slip component. Since deformations bands are typical sub-seismic features, our findings

  1. Site evaluation for U.S. Bureau of Mines experimental oil-shale mine, Piceance Creek basin, Rio Blanco County, Colorado

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ege, John R.; Leavesley, G.H.; Steele, G.S.; Weeks, J.B.

    1978-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey is cooperating with the U.S. Bureau of Mines in the selection of a site for a shaft and experimental mine to be constructed in the Piceance Creek basin, Rio Blanco County, Colo. The Piceance Creek basin, an asymmetric, northwest-trending large structural downwarp, is located approximately 40 km (25 mi) west of the town of Meeker in Rio Blanco County, Colo. The oil-shale, dawsonite, nahcolite, and halite deposits of the Piceance Creek basin occur in the lacustrine Green River Formation of Eocene age. In the basin the Green River Formation comprises three members. In ascending order, they are the Douglas Creek, the Garden Gulch, and the Parachute Creek Members, Four sites are presented for consideration and evaluated on geology and hydrology with respect to shale-oil economics. Evaluated criteria include: (1) stratigraphy, (2) size of site, (3) oil-shale yield, (4) representative quantities of the saline minerals dawsonite and nahcolite, which must be present with a minimum amount of halite, (5) thickness of a 'leached' saline zone, (6) geologic structure, (7) engineering characteristics of rock, (8) representative surface and ground-water conditions, with emphasis on waste disposal and dewatering, and (9) environmental considerations. Serious construction and support problems are anticipated in sinking a deep shaft in the Piceance Creek basin. The two major concerns will be dealing with incompetent rock and large inflow of saline ground water, particularly in the leached zone. Engineering support problems will include stabilizing and hardening the rock from which a certain amount of ground water has been removed. The relative suitability of the four potential oil-shale experimental shaft sites in the Piceance Creek basin has been considered on the basis of all available geologic, hydrologic, and engineering data; site 2 is preferred to sites 1, 3, and 4, The units in this report are presented in the form: metric (English). Both units of

  2. Hydrologic analysis of the Rio Grande Basin north of Embudo, New Mexico; Colorado and New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hearne, G.A.; Dewey, J.D.

    1988-01-01

    Water yield was estimated for each of the five regions that represent contrasting hydrologic regimes in the 10,400 square miles of the Rio Grande basin above Embudo, New Mexico. Water yield was estimated as 2,800 cubic feet per second for the San Juan Mountains, and 28 cubic feet per second for the Taos Plateau. Evapotranspiration exceeded precipitation by 150 cubic feet per second on the Costilla Plains and 2,400 cubic feet per second on the Alamosa Basin. A three-dimensional model was constructed to represent the aquifer system in the Alamosa Basin. A preliminary analysis concluded that: (1) a seven-layer model representing 3,200 feet of saturated thickness could accurately simulate the behavior of the flow equation; and (2) the 1950 condition was approximately stable and would be a satisfactory initial condition. Reasonable modifications to groundwater withdrawals simulated 1950-79 water-level declines close to measured value. Sensitivity tests indicated that evapotranspiration salvage was the major source, 69 to 82 percent, of groundwater withdrawals. Evapotranspiration salvage was projected to be the source of most withdrawals. (USGS)

  3. Data collection for cooperative water resources modeling in the Lower Rio Grande Basin, Fort Quitman to the Gulf of Mexico.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Passell, Howard David; Pallachula, Kiran; Tidwell, Vincent Carroll

    2004-10-01

    Water resource scarcity around the world is driving the need for the development of simulation models that can assist in water resources management. Transboundary water resources are receiving special attention because of the potential for conflict over scarce shared water resources. The Rio Grande/Rio Bravo along the U.S./Mexican border is an example of a scarce, transboundary water resource over which conflict has already begun. The data collection and modeling effort described in this report aims at developing methods for international collaboration, data collection, data integration and modeling for simulating geographically large and diverse international watersheds, with a special focus onmore » the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo. This report describes the basin, and the data collected. This data collection effort was spatially aggregated across five reaches consisting of Fort Quitman to Presidio, the Rio Conchos, Presidio to Amistad Dam, Amistad Dam to Falcon Dam, and Falcon Dam to the Gulf of Mexico. This report represents a nine-month effort made in FY04, during which time the model was not completed.« less

  4. Earth Observation taken during the Expedition 37 mission

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2013-10-30

    ISS037-E-022990 (30 Oct. 2013) --- This detailed image, photographed by an Expedition 37 crew member on the International Space Station, features the former US Borax mine located to the northwest of Boron, California. The mine, currently owned by the Rio Tinto Group, is the largest open-pit mine in California (covering approximately 54 square kilometers) and is among the largest borate mines in the world. Borates, chemical compounds that include the element boron (B), are important both as providers of an essential plant micronutrient, for metallurgical applications, and as components of specialized types of glass, anticorrosive coatings, fire retardants, and detergents (among other uses). Borate minerals such as borax, kernite, and ulexite are found in deposits at the Rio Tinto borax mine. The geologic setting is a structural, nonmarine basin ? a permanent shallow lake ? fed by thermal springs rich in sodium and boron that existed approximately 16 million years ago, according to scientists. The first mining claim in the area was filed in 1913, following discovery of boron-bearing nodules during well drilling. Much of the mine workings were underground until 1957, when US Borax changed to open-pit mining. The open pit is clearly visible at center; concentric benches along the pit wall are accentuated by shadows and mark successive levels of material extraction. Mine tailings are visible as stacked terraces along the northern boundary of the mine. Ore processing facilities occupy a relatively small percentage of the mine area, and are located directly to the west of the open pit. The Rio Tinto mine is one of the Earth?s richest borate deposits; together with mines in Argentina, they produce almost 40 percent of the world?s supply of industrial borate minerals.

  5. Description of piezometers installed in the middle Rio Grande basin area, 1997-99, central New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Bartolino, J.R.; Rankin, D.R.

    2000-01-01

    Since 1993, the Santa Fe Group aquifer system in the Middle Rio Grande Basin, and particularly in the Albuquerque area, has been the focus of studies to further define the extent of the most productive parts of the aquifer and to gain a better understanding of how ground- water levels are changing over time. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer, installed nine piezometers during 1998-99 at five sites in and near the margin of the Middle Rio Grande Basin in central New Mexico. In addition, the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer installed another nine piezometers at three sites during 1997. These piezometers allow for collection of ground-water-level data in areas for which little information is available. Most of the piezometers were constructed of 2.5-inch-diameter flush-joint polyvinyl chloride (PVC) schedule 80 casing with 10-foot stainless steel screens; the shallow piezometer at the Tome site has a 40-foot screen, and the single piezometers at the Dome Road and Phoenix Road sites have steel casing with welded joints and a 10- and a 20-foot screen, respectively. Steel casing with a locking lid covers the uppermost 2 feet of the piezometer casing. Drillers' logs and petrophysical logs were collected from the deepest borehole at each site.

  6. Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: 1. Hydrochemical characteristics and pollutant load of the Tinto and Odiel rivers.

    PubMed

    Nieto, Jose M; Sarmiento, Aguasanta M; Canovas, Carlos R; Olias, Manuel; Ayora, Carlos

    2013-11-01

    Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt is probably the worst case in the world of surface water pollution associated with mining of sulphide mineral deposits. The Iberian Pyrite Belt is located in SW Iberian Peninsula, and it has been mined during the last 4,500 years. The central and eastern part of the Iberian Pyrite Belt is drained by the Tinto and Odiel rivers, which receive most of the acidic leachates from the mining areas. As a result, the main channels of the Tinto and Odiel rivers are very rich in metals and highly acidic until reaching the Atlantic Ocean. A significant amount of the pollutant load transported by these two rivers is delivered during the rainy season, as is usual in rivers of Mediterranean climate regions. Therefore, in order to have an accurate estimation of the pollutant loads transported by the Tinto and Odiel rivers, a systematic sampling on a weekly basis and a high temporal resolution sampling of floods events were both performed. Results obtained show that metal fluxes are strongly dependent on the study period, highlighting the importance of inter-annual studies involving dry and wet years.

  7. Chemistry and age of groundwater in the Piceance structural basin, Rio Blanco county, Colorado, 2010-12

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McMahon, Peter B.; Thomas, Judith C.; Hunt, Andrew G.

    2013-01-01

    Fourteen monitoring wells were sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, to better understand the chemistry and age of groundwater in the Piceance structural basin in Rio Blanco County, Colorado, and how they may relate to the development of underlying natural-gas reservoirs. Natural gas extraction in the area has been ongoing since at least the 1950s, and the area contains about 960 producing, shut-in, and abandoned natural-gas wells.

  8. Use of System Thinking Software for Determining Climate Change Impacts in Water Balance for the Rio Yaqui Basin, Sonora, Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tapia, E. M.; Minjarez, J. I.; Espinoza, I. G.; Sosa, C. M.

    2013-05-01

    Climate change in Northwestern Mexico and its hydrological impact on water balance, water scarcity and flooding events, has become a matter of increasing concern over the past several decades due to the region's semiarid conditions. Changes in temperature, precipitation, and sea level will affect agriculture, farming, and aquaculture, in addition to compromising the quality of water resources for human consumption. According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), Global Circulation Models (GCMs) can provide reliable estimations of future climate conditions in addition to atmospheric processes that cause them, based on different input scenarios such as A2 (higher emission of greenhouse gases) and B1 (lower emission of GHG), among others. However, GCM`s resolution results to coarse in regions which have high space and time climate variability. To remediate this, several methods based on dynamical, statistical and empirical analysis have been proposed for downcaling. In this study, we evaluate possible changes in precipitation and temperature for the "Rio Yaqui Basin" in Sonora, Mexico and assess the impact of such changes on runoff, evapotranspiration and aquifer recharge for the 2010-2099 period of time. For this purpose, we analyzed the results of a Bias Corrected and Downscaled Climate Projection from the World Climate Research Programme's (WCRP's) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) multi-model dataset: UKMO-HADCM3 from the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction. Northwest Mexico is under the influence of the North American Monsoon (NAM), a system affecting the states of Sinaloa and Sonora where the precipitation regimes change drastically during the summer months of June, July and August. It is associated to the sharp variations of topography, precipitation and temperature regimes in the region, so the importance of analyzing the downscaled climate projections. The Rio Yaqui Basin is one of

  9. Evaluating the State of Water Management in the Rio Grande/Bravo Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ortiz Partida, Jose Pablo; Sandoval-Solis, Samuel; Diaz Gomez, Romina

    2017-04-01

    Water resource modeling tools have been developed for many different regions and sub-basins of the Rio Grande/Bravo (RGB). Each of these tools has specific objectives, whether it is to explore drought mitigation alternatives, conflict resolution, climate change evaluation, tradeoff and economic synergies, water allocation, reservoir operations, or collaborative planning. However, there has not been an effort to integrate different available tools, or to link models developed for specific reaches into a more holistic watershed decision-support tool. This project outlines promising next steps to meet long-term goals of improved decision support tools and modeling. We identify, describe, and synthesize water resources management practices in the RGB basin and available water resources models and decision support tools that represent the RGB and the distribution of water for human and environmental uses. The extent body of water resources modeling is examined from a perspective of environmental water needs and water resources management and thereby allows subsequent prioritization of future research and monitoring needs for the development of river system modeling tools. This work communicates the state of the RGB science to diverse stakeholders, researchers, and decision-makers. The products of this project represent a planning tool to support an integrated water resources management framework to maximize economic and social welfare without compromising vital ecosystems.

  10. Structural and microstructural evolution of fault zones in Cretaceous poorly lithified sandstones of the Rio do Peixe basin, Paraiba, NE Brazil

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Balsamo, Fabrizio; Nogueira, Francisco; Storti, Fabrizio; Bezerra, Francisco H. R.; De Carvalho, Bruno R.; André De Souza, Jorge

    2017-04-01

    In this contribution we describe the structural architecture and microstructural features of fault zones developed in Cretaceous, poorly lithified sandstones of the Rio do Peixe basin, NE Brazil. The Rio do Peixe basin is an E-W-trending, intracontinental half-graben basin developed along the Precambrian Patos shear zone where it is abutted by the Porto Alegre shear zone. The basin formed during rifting between South America and Africa plates and was reactivated and inverted in a strike-slip setting during the Cenozoic. Sediments filling the basin consist of an heterolithic sequence of alternating sandstones, conglomerates, siltstone and clay-rich layers. These lithologies are generally poorly lithified far from the major fault zones. Deformational structures in the basin mostly consist of deformation band-dominated fault zones. Extensional and strike-slip fault zones, clusters of deformation bands, and single deformation bands are commonly well developed in the proximity of the basin-boundary fault systems. All deformation structures are generally in positive relief with respect to the host rocks. Extensional fault zones locally have growth strata in their hangingwall blocks and have displacement generally <10 m. In map view, they are organized in anastomosed segments with high connectivity. They strike E-W to NE-SW, and typically consist of wide fault cores (< 1 m in width) surrounded by up to few-meter wide damage zones. Fault cores are characterized by distributed deformation without pervasive strain localization in narrow shear bands, in which bedding is transposed into foliation imparted by grain preferred orientation. Microstructural observations show negligible cataclasis and dominant non-destructive particulate flow, suggesting that extensional fault zones developed in soft-sediment conditions in a water-saturated environment. Strike-slip fault zones commonly overprint the extensional ones and have displacement values typically lower than about 2 m. They

  11. Magnetotelluric data collected near geophysically logged boreholes in the Espa?ola and Middle Rio Grande basins, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Williams, Jackie M.; Rodriguez, Brian D.

    2006-01-01

    The Santa Fe region is growing rapidly. The Santa Fe Group aquifer in the Espa?ola Basin is the main source of municipal water for the region, and water shortfalls could have serious consequences. Future growth and land management in the region depend on accurate assessment and protection of the region's ground-water resources. An important issue in managing the ground-water resources is a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the Tertiary Santa Fe Group. The Santa Fe Group includes the sedimentary deposits that fill the Rio Grande rift and contain the principal ground-water aquifers. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is conducting a series of multidisciplinary studies of the Espa?ola Basin in northern New Mexico. Detailed geologic mapping, high-resolution airborne magnetic surveys, electromagnetic surveys, and hydrologic, lithologic, and hydro-geochemical data are being used to better understand the aquifer systems. Magnetotelluric (MT) surveys were completed as part of these studies. The primary purpose of the MT surveys was to map changes in electrical resistivity with depth that are related to differences in various rock types that help control the properties of aquifers in the region. Resistivity modeling of the MT data can be used to investigate buried structures related to the basic geologic framework of the study area. The purpose of this report is to release MT sounding data collected near geophysically logged boreholes in the study area, including the nearby Middle Rio Grande Basin. This MT data can be used in subsequent resistivity modeling. No interpretation of the data is included in this report.

  12. A new Xenacanthiformes shark (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Late Paleozoic Rio do Rasto Formation (Paraná Basin), Southern Brazil.

    PubMed

    Pauliv, Victor E; Dias, Eliseu V; Sedor, Fernando A; Ribeiro, Ana Maria

    2014-03-01

    The Brazilian records on Xenacanthiformes include teeth and cephalic spines from the Parnaíba, Amazonas and Paraná basins. This work describes a new species of Xenacanthidae, collected in an outcrop of Serrinha Member of Rio do Rasto Formation (Wordian to Wuchiapingian), Paraná Basin, municipality of Jacarezinho, State of Paraná. The teeth of the new species are two or three-cuspidated and the aboral surface show a smooth concavity and one rounded basal tubercle. The coronal surface presents one semi-spherical and subcircular coronal button, and also two lateral main cusps and one central (when present) with less than one fifth of the size of the lateral cusps in the labial portion. The lateral cusps are asymmetric or symmetric, rounded in transversal section, lanceolate in longitudinal section, devoid of lateral carinae and lateral serrations, and with few smooth cristae of enameloid. In optical microscope the teeth show a trabecular dentine (osteodentine) base, while the cusps are composed by orthodentine, and the pulp cavities are non-obliterated by trabecular dentine. The fossil assemblage in the same stratigraphical level and in the whole Rio do Rasto Formation indicates another freshwater record for xenacanthid sharks.

  13. A new long-snouted species of Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Madeira basin.

    PubMed

    Tencatt, Luiz Fernando Caserta; Ohara, Willian Massaharu

    2016-07-28

    A new species of Corydoras is described from the rio Aripuanã, rio Madeira basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of the following features: long mesethmoid, with anterior tip well developed, conspicuously larger than 50% of bone length; posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with serrations directed towards tip of spine; one to two longitudinal black stripes on flanks; absence of a black blotch across the eyes (mask); absence of a large black blotch on dorsal fin; and transversal black bars on caudal fin. Comments on endemism in interfluvial region between Madeira and Tapajós rivers are briefly discussed.

  14. A comprehensive survey of faults, breccias, and fractures in and flanking the eastern Española Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Caine, Jonathan S.; Minor, Scott A.; Grauch, V.J.S.; Budahn, James R.; Keren, Tucker T.

    2017-01-01

    A comprehensive survey of geologic structures formed in the Earth’s brittle regime in the eastern Española Basin and flank of the Rio Grande rift, New Mexico, reveals a complex and protracted record of multiple tectonic events. Data and analyses from this representative rift flank-basin pair include measurements from 53 individual fault zones and 22 other brittle structures, such as breccia zones, joints, and veins, investigated at a total of just over 100 sites. Structures were examined and compared in poorly lithified Tertiary sediments, as well as in Paleozoic sedimentary and Proterozoic crystalline rocks. Data and analyses include geologic maps; field observations and measurements; orientation, kinematic, and paleostress analyses; statistical examination of fault trace lengths derived from aeromagnetic data; mineralogy and chemistry of host and fault rocks; and investigation of fault versus bolide-impact hypotheses for the origin of enigmatic breccias found in the Proterozoic basement rocks. Fault kinematic and paleostress analyses suggest a record of transitional, and perhaps partitioned, strains from the Laramide orogeny through Rio Grande rifting. Normal faults within Tertiary basin-fill sediments are consistent with more typical WNW-ESE Rio Grande rift extension, perhaps decoupled from bedrock structures due to strength contrasts favoring the formation of new faults in the relatively weak sediments. Analyses of the fault-length data indicate power-law length distributions similar to those reported from many geologic settings globally. Mineralogy and chemistry in Proterozoic fault-related rocks reveal geochemical changes tied to hydrothermal alteration and nearly isochemical transformation of feldspars to clay minerals. In sediments, faulted minerals are characterized by mechanical entrainment with minor secondary chemical changes. Enigmatic breccias in rift-flanking Proterozoic rocks are autoclastic and isochemical with respect to their protoliths and

  15. Application of a systemic approach to the study of pollution of the Tinto and Odiel rivers (Spain).

    PubMed

    Sainz, A; Grande, J A; De La Torre, M L

    2005-03-01

    The province of Huelva in the SW of Spain presents high environmental contrasts: together with the great abundance of natural spaces, it shows the impacts of historical natural resources exploitation processes. In the Ria of Huelva, the effluents of the chemical industries must be added to the contaminating inputs of the Tinto and Odiel rivers, coming from the acid drainage of the mines located in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. This forced the Environmental Agency (AMA) to elaborate in 1987 an Effluent Remediation Plan in order to negate unacceptable environmental impacts. The application of a "grey box" systemic analysis to the AMD pollution, undergone by the Tinto and Odiel rivers has allowed to set a conclusive explanation of the sampling results observed for a period of 11 years, thus making available an overall view of the polluting process and, above all, an explanation of its partial aspects.

  16. New perspectives on the geometry of the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Insights from geophysical models of rift-fill thickness

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Grauch, V. J.; Connell, Sean D.

    2013-01-01

    Discrepancies among previous models of the geometry of the Albuquerque Basin motivated us to develop a new model using a comprehensive approach. Capitalizing on a natural separation between the densities of mainly Neogene basin fill (Santa Fe Group) and those of older rocks, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) geophysical model of syn-rift basin-fill thickness that incorporates well data, seismic-reflection data, geologic cross sections, and other geophysical data in a constrained gravity inversion. Although the resulting model does not show structures directly, it elucidates important aspects of basin geometry. The main features are three, 3–5-km-deep, interconnected structural depressions, which increase in size, complexity, and segmentation from north to south: the Santo Domingo, Calabacillas, and Belen subbasins. The increase in segmentation and complexity may reflect a transition of the Rio Grande rift from well-defined structural depressions in the north to multiple, segmented basins within a broader region of crustal extension to the south. The modeled geometry of the subbasins and their connections differs from a widely accepted structural model based primarily on seismic-reflection interpretations. Key elements of the previous model are an east-tilted half-graben block on the north separated from a west-tilted half-graben block on the south by a southwest-trending, scissor-like transfer zone. Instead, we find multiple subbasins with predominantly easterly tilts for much of the Albuquerque Basin, a restricted region of westward tilting in the southwestern part of the basin, and a northwesterly trending antiform dividing subbasins in the center of the basin instead of a major scissor-like transfer zone. The overall eastward tilt indicated by the 3D geophysical model generally conforms to stratal tilts observed for the syn-rift succession, implying a prolonged eastward tilting of the basin during Miocene time. An extensive north-south synform in the

  17. Consumptive Water Use Analysis of Upper Rio Grande Basin in Southern Colorado.

    PubMed

    Dubinsky, Jonathan; Karunanithi, Arunprakash T

    2017-04-18

    Water resource management and governance at the river basin scale is critical for the sustainable development of rural agrarian regions in the West. This research applies a consumptive water use analysis, inspired by the Water Footprint methodology, to the Upper Rio Grande Basin (RGB) in south central Colorado. The region is characterized by water stress, high dessert conditions, declining land health, and a depleting water table. We utilize region specific data and models to analyze the consumptive water use of RGB. The study reveals that, on an average, RGB experiences three months of water shortage per year due to the unsustainable extraction of groundwater (GW). Our results show that agriculture accounts for 77% of overall water consumption and it relies heavily on an aquifer (about 50% of agricultural consumption) that is being depleted over time. We find that, even though potato cultivation provides the most efficient conversion of groundwater resources into economic value (m 3 GW/$) in this region, it relies predominantly (81%) on the aquifer for its water supply. However, cattle, another important agricultural commodity produced in the region, provides good economic value but also relies significantly less on the aquifer (30%) for water needs. The results from this paper are timely to the RGB community, which is currently in the process of developing strategies for sustainable water management.

  18. Abiquiu Dam and Reservoir, Rio Grande Basin, Rio Chama, New Mexico. Embankment Criteria and Performance Report.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-04-01

    EMBANKMENT CRITERIA AND PERFORMANCE REPORT PERTINENT DATA 1. General Data. LOCATION: Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, on the Rio Chama at river mile 33. PURPOSE...is located across the Rio Chama, approximately 30 miles upstream from its confluence with the Rio Grande, in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. The dam is...6600- 4 i ’. 6600 65060- -60 6600- a + v6500s-go FA**v~w -6500 6300- 60 - ~ ~ ~ wo Ala filll------------------ EMBNKEN SECTION62 *LDN WOR SAFEL VAIE

  19. Using Heat as a Tracer to Estimate Saline Groundwater Fluxes from the Deep Aquifer System to the Shallow Aquifers and the Rio Grande in the Mesilla Basin, New Mexico, USA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pepin, J. D.; Robertson, A.; Ferguson, C.; Burns, E. R.

    2017-12-01

    Heat is used as a tracer to estimate vertical groundwater flow and associated saline fluxes from deep (greater than 1 km) parts of the Mesilla Basin regional aquifer to the Rio Grande. Profiles of temperature with depth below ground surface are used to locate groundwater upflow zones and to estimate associated salinity fluxes. The results of this study will inform understanding of the impact of deep saline groundwater on regional water supplies. The Mesilla Basin in southern New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua, Mexico was designated by the U.S. as a priority transboundary aquifer in part because of the presence of the Rio Grande within the basin. Declining water levels, deteriorating water quality in both the aquifer and the river, and increasing use of water resources on both sides of the international border raise concerns about the sustainability of regional water supplies. The Rio Grande chloride concentration increases by about 130% (120 ppm to 280 ppm) as the river traverses the Mesilla Basin. Previous research attributed this reduction in water quality to the upwelling of deep sedimentary brines and geothermal waters within the basin. However, the spatial distribution of these upflow zones and their groundwater flow rates are poorly understood. Temperature profiles from 374 existing boreholes within the Mesilla Basin indicate that temperature-profile shape is affected by heat advection in the basin. Three distinct geothermal upflow zones were identified along regional fault zones in the study area based on the temperature profiles. Groundwater in these zones is considered thermal, having temperatures greater than 50°C at depths of less than 200 m. Identification of upflow-zone profiles combines analysis of temperature profiles, lithologic records, well-completion data, and profile derivatives. The Bredehoeft and Papadopulos (1965) one-dimensional heat-transport analytical solution will be applied to upflow-zone profiles to estimate the corresponding vertical

  20. Subsurface geomicrobiology in a Mars terrestrial analogue, Río Tinto (SW, Spain)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amils, R.; Fernández-Remolar, D.; Gómez, F.; González-Toril, E.; Rodríguez, N.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Sanz, J. L.; Díaz, E.; Stoker, C.

    2008-09-01

    Since its discovery, only few years ago, subsurface geomicrobiology is a matter of growing interest [1]. From a fundamental point of view, it seeks to determine whether life can be sustained in the absence of radiation. From an astrobiological point of view, it is an interesting model for life in other planetary bodies, e.g., Mars, as well as early life on Earth. Río Tinto is an unusual extreme acidic environment due to its size (around 100 km), constant acidic pH (mean pH 2.3), high concentrations of heavy metals and high level of microbial diversity [2]. Río Tinto rises in the core of the Iberian Pyritic Belt, one of the biggest sulfidic ore deposits in the world [3]. Today it is well stablished that the extreme characteristics of Río Tinto are not due to acid mine drainage from mining activity, as has been suggested in the past. To explore the hypothesis that a continuous underground reactor of chemolithotrophic microorganisms thriving in the rich sulfidic minerals of the Iberian Pyritic Belt is responsible for the extreme conditions found in the system, a drilling project has been developed to detect evidence of subsurface microbial activity and potential resources to support these microbial communities in situ (MARTE project) [4]. Here we report a search for subsurface life in volcanically hosted massive sulfidic deposits from the Iberian Pyritic Belt. Aseptic core samples were obtained within and down-gradient from the massive sulfide deposits and formation water was sampled within the resulting bore holes. Microbial activity was detected in un-contaminated samples by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Aerobic iron- and sulfide- oxidizing bacteria, and anaerobic denitrifying thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea have been identified. Potential energy fluxes detected in the system include oxidation of reduced iron and sulfur, or hydrogen gas coupled to nitrite, sulfate, ferric iron, inorganic

  1. Remanence of lead pollution in an urban river system: a multi-scale temporal and spatial study in the Seine River basin, France.

    PubMed

    Ayrault, S; Le Pape, P; Evrard, O; Priadi, C R; Quantin, C; Bonté, P; Roy-Barman, M

    2014-03-01

    Total lead (Pb) concentration and Pb isotopic ratio ((206)Pb/(20)7Pb) were determined in 140 samples from the Seine River basin (France), covering a period of time from 1945 to 2011 and including bed sediments (bulk and size fractionated samples), suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediment cores, and combined sewer overflow (CSO) particulate matter to constrain the spatial and temporal variability of the lead sources at the scale of the contaminated Seine River basin. A focus on the Orge River subcatchment, which exhibits a contrasted land-use pattern, allows documenting the relation between hydrodynamics, urbanization, and contamination sources. The study reveals that the Pb contamination due to leaded gasoline that peaked in the 1980s has a very limited impact in the river nowadays. In the upstream Seine River, the isotopic ratio analysis suggests a pervasive contamination which origin (coal combustion and/or gasoline lead) should be clarified. The current SPM contamination trend follows the urbanization/industrialization spatial trend. Downstream of Paris, the lead from historical use originating from the Rio Tinto mine, Spain ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.1634 ± 0.0001) is the major Pb source. The analysis of the bed sediments (bulk and grain size fractionated) highlights the diversity of the anthropogenic lead sources in relation with the diversity of the human activities that occurred in this basin over the years. The "urban" source, defined by waste waters including the CSO samples ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.157 ± 0.003), results of a thorough mixing of leaded gasoline with "historical" lead over the years. Finally, a contamination mixing scheme related to hydrodynamics is proposed.

  2. Web application to access U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Civil Works and Restoration Projects information for the Rio Grande Basin, southern Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Archuleta, Christy-Ann M.; Eames, Deanna R.

    2009-01-01

    The Rio Grande Civil Works and Restoration Projects Web Application, developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Albuquerque District, is designed to provide publicly available information through the Internet about civil works and restoration projects in the Rio Grande Basin. Since 1942, USACE Albuquerque District responsibilities have included building facilities for the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force, providing flood protection, supplying water for power and public recreation, participating in fire remediation, protecting and restoring wetlands and other natural resources, and supporting other government agencies with engineering, contracting, and project management services. In the process of conducting this vast array of engineering work, the need arose for easily tracking the locations of and providing information about projects to stakeholders and the public. This fact sheet introduces a Web application developed to enable users to visualize locations and search for information about USACE (and some other Federal, State, and local) projects in the Rio Grande Basin in southern Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas.

  3. Environmental evolution of the Rio Grande drainage basin and Nasca region (Peru) in 2003-2007 using ENVISAT ASAR and ASTER time series

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cigna, Francesca; Tapete, Deodato; Lasaponara, Rosa; Masini, Nicola

    2013-04-01

    Recent palaeo-environmental studies and remote sensing investigations demonstrated that the Rio Grande drainage basin in Southern Peru is a still evolving landscape, and impacts due to its changes have implications for the preservation of both the natural and cultural features of the Nasca region, well-known for the evidences of the ancient Paracas and Nasca Civilizations, who flourished from the 4th century BC to the 6th century AD. To image the modifications occurred in the last decade, we exploited the entire 4year-long stack of ENVISAT ASAR C-band archive imagery available over the region, which was provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) via the Cat-1 project 11073. The latter supports the activities of the Italian mission of heritage Conservation and Archaeogeophysics (ITACA), which directly involve researchers from the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage (IBAM) and the Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy. With the aim of reconstructing the temporal evolution of the Rio Grande drainage basin and its effects and implications for the heritage of the region, we processed 8 ASAR Image Mode IS2 scenes acquired in descending mode between 04/02/2003 and 15/11/2005 and 5 images in ascending mode between 24/07/2005 and 11/11/2007, and focused on SAR backscattering information, amplitude change detection methods and extraction of ASAR-derived time series of the backscattering coefficient over target areas of interest. The ASAR 2003-2007 analysis was coupled and integrated with NDVI-based soil moisture and vegetation change assessment performed by using ASTER multi-spectral data acquired during the same time frame of the ASAR stacks, on 30/05/2003, 01/06/2004 and 10/06/2007. The research was performed both at the regional scale over the entire Rio Grande drainage basin, with particular focus on its tributaries Rio Ingenio, Rio Nazca and Rio Taruga, and at the local scale over the

  4. Iron world and its astrobiological implications: The Tinto River case

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gomez, F.; Amils, A.

    2007-08-01

    Extreme ecosystems have recently attracted considerable interest, not only because they prove that life is robust and adaptable, but also because their existence increases the probability of finding life elsewhere in the universe. Most of the best characterized extreme habitats on Earth correspond to geophysical constraints to which opportunistic microorganisms have adapted. However, some extreme acidic environments are unique in that they are the product of biological activity (chemolithotrophy). The Tinto River (Huelva, Southwestern Spain) is an unusual acidic ecosystem (100 km long, mean pH of 2.3) containing a high concentration of heavy metals and an unexpected level of microbial diversity (1,2). In the past, the extreme conditions of the river were considered the result of intense mining activity. The geomicrobiological analysis of the Tinto ecosystem strongly suggests that these conditions are the result of the metabolic activity of chemolithotrophic prokaryotes, mainly iron-oxidizers (3). The system seems to be controlled by iron, which is not only used as an electron donor, but also as an electron acceptor, allowing a full iron cycle to operate. Furthermore, ferric iron is responsible for the maintenance of the constant pH of the ecosystem and can protect the different organisms thriving in its waters from radiation. Laminar, iron-rich stromatolitic formations are generated by the precipitation of different iron minerals on the surface of the biofilms that cover most of the rocks in the river and the riverbed. These structures are similar to ancient massive bioinduced laminated iron bioformations formed long before the first mining activities started in the area 5000 years ago. The existence of these ancient iron-rich deposits formed prior to any known mining activity, under hydrochemical conditions similar to modern deposits, is considered a strong argument in favor of a natural origin of the river (4,5). Recently, the source area of the Tinto ecosystem

  5. Chapter 3. Rio Grande cutthroat trout

    Treesearch

    John N. Rinne

    1995-01-01

    The Rio Grande cutthroat trout was once widespread in the upper Rio Grande and Canadian River basins of northern New Mexico and south-central Colorado and in the headwaters of the Pecos River, New Mexico (Sublette et al. 1990; Behnke 1992). It may have occurred as far south as Chihuahua, Mexico (Behnke 1992). Currently, it is restricted primarily to headwater...

  6. Using cosmogenic nuclides to contrast rates of erosion and sediment yield in a semi-arid, arroyo-dominated landscape, Rio Puerco Basin, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Bierman, P.R.; Reuter, J.M.; Pavich, M.; Gellis, A.C.; Caffee, M.W.; Larsen, J.

    2005-01-01

    Analysis of in-situ-produced 10Be and 26Al in 52 fluvial sediment samples shows that millennial-scale rates of erosion vary widely (7 to 366 m Ma-1) through the lithologically and topographically complex Rio Puerco Basin of northern New Mexico. Using isotopic analysis of both headwater and downstream samples, we determined that the semi-arid, Rio Puerco Basin is eroding, on average, about 100 m Ma-1. This rapid rate of erosion is consistent with estimates made using other techniques and is likely to result from a combination of easily eroded lithologies, sparse vegetation, and monsoon-dominated rainfall. Data from 331 stream water samples collected by the US Geological Survey between 1960 and 1995 are consistent with basin-wide, average chemical denudation rates of only about 1??4 m Ma-1; thus, the erosion rates we calculate may be considered rates of sediment generation because physical weathering accounts for almost 99 per cent of mass loss. The isotopic data reveal that sediment is generally well mixed downstream with the area-weighted average sediment generation rate for 16 headwater samples (234 ton km-2 a-1 for basin area 170 to 1169 km2) matching well that estimated from a single sample collected far downstream (238 ton km-2 a-1, basin area = 14 225 km2). A series of 15 samples, collected from an arroyo wall and representing deposition through the late Holocene, indicates that 10Be concentration in sediment delivered by the fluvial system has not changed appreciably over the last 1200 years despite at least two cycles of arroyo cutting and filling. Other samples (n = 21) were collected along the drainage network. Rio Puerco erosion rates scale directly with a variety of metrics describing vegetation, precipitation, and rock erodibility. Using the headwater basins for calibration, the erosion rates for both the downstream samples and also the data set as a whole, are best modelled by considering a combination of relief and vegetation metrics, both of which co

  7. Tinto Vallis Fluvial Channel

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2004-01-01

    <

    [figure removed for brevity, see original site]

    This night time IR image shows a small fluvial channel located near Tinto Vallis. These channels are northeast of Tyrrhena Patera and its related lava flows. Tyrrhena Patera is one of the larger volcanic complexs in the southern hemisphere of Mars. Small channels are easy to see in nighttime IR, with the cold channel floor (dark) contrasting from the warmer (bright) surroundings.

    NOTE: in nighttime images North is to the bottom of the image.

    Image information: IR instrument. Latitude -24.6, Longitude 349.7 East (10.3 West). 100 meter/pixel resolution.

    Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.

    NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

  8. Ultrastructural study of iron oxide precipitates: implications for the search for biosignatures in the Meridiani hematite concretions, Mars.

    PubMed

    Souza-Egipsy, Virginia; Ormö, Jens; Beitler Bowen, Brenda; Chan, Marjorie A; Komatsu, Goro

    2006-08-01

    Two terrestrial environments that have been proposed as analogs for the iron oxide precipitation in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars include the Rio Tinto precipitates and southern Utah marble concretions. Samples of two typical Utah iron oxide concretions and iron oxide precipitates in contact with biofilms from Rio Tinto have been studied to determine whether evidence could be found for biomediation in the precipitation process and to identify likely locations for fossil microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to search for biosignatures in the Utah marbles. The precipitation of iron oxides resembles known biosignatures, though organic compounds could not be confirmed with GC-MS analysis. In contrast, textural variations induced by biological activity are abundant in the modern Rio Tinto samples. Although no compelling evidence of direct or indirect biomediation was found in the Utah marbles, the ultrastructure of the iron oxide cement in the concretion suggests an inward growth during concretion precipitation from an initially spherical redox front. No indication for growth from a physical nucleus was found.

  9. Zinc and copper behaviour at the soil-river interface: New insights by Zn and Cu isotopes in the organic-rich Rio Negro basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guinoiseau, Damien; Gélabert, Alexandre; Allard, Thierry; Louvat, Pascale; Moreira-Turcq, Patricia; Benedetti, Marc F.

    2017-09-01

    The complex behaviour of Zn and Cu at the soil-river interface was investigated in soil and riverine water samples from the Rio Negro basin, a secondary tributary of the Rio Amazonas, using their stable isotope compositions. This acidic and organic river drains two types of intensely weathered terrains: podzols in its upstream part, and lateritic soils downstream. Bulk soil particles, suspended particulate matter (SPM) as well as colloidal fractions were sampled across the whole basin during low and high water stages. In the basin, Zn and Cu are mostly exported from lateritic soils and transported by organic colloids where significant losses are observed in the downstream part of the river. The use of δ66Zn and δ65Cu measurements reveals distinct stories for these two metals in suspended sediments and colloids. In the colloids, the constant δ66Zncoll across the basin is induced by the same weak association mode between Zn and organic ligands, regardless of the origin of the water. By contrast, in SPM, the speciation of Zn and thus δ66ZnSPM differ according to the type of drained soils. Zn is associated with organic complexes in particles exported with water draining podzol whereas Zn2+ is incorporated in the structure of the remaining kaolinite clays in lateritic output. The stronger reactivity of Cu than Zn with organic ligands induces its complete complexation. Copper is controlled by refractory particulate organic matter (POM) and by reactive colloidal organic matter; the latter being enriched in 65Cu due to stronger binding interactions than in POM. While the Cu content remains constant in the upstream part of the Rio Negro, downstream, the decrease of SPM and colloidal Cu fluxes is associated with a constant δ65CuSPM and with an increase of δ65Cucoll at the Rio Negro outlet. Geochemical mass balance modelling, based on SPM, Cu and Zn fluxes in SPM and their associated isotopic signatures, confirms distinct host phases for Zn and Cu, and identifies the

  10. Implementation of MAR within the Rio Grande Basin of Central New Mexico, USA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marley, Robert; Blandford, T. Neil; Ewing, Amy; Webb, Larry; Yuhas, Katherine

    2014-05-01

    The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has identified the Rio Grande basin within Central New Mexico as one of several regions where water supplies are over-allocated and future conflicts over the inadequate resource are highly likely. Local water providers have consistently identified managed aquifer recharge (MAR) as an important tool to provide conjunctive management of surface-water, groundwater, and reclaimed water sources in order to extend the useful life of existing water sources. However, MAR projects have been slow to take root partly due to rigorous demonstration requirements, groundwater quality protection concerns, and ongoing water right uncertainties. At first glance the several thousand meters of unconsolidated basin-fill sediments hosting the regional aquifer appear to provide an ideal environment for the subsurface storage of surplus water. However, the basin has a complex structural and depositional history that impacts the siting and overall effectiveness of MAR systems. Several recharge projects are now in various stages of implementation and are overcoming site specific challenges including source water and ambient groundwater compatibility, low-permeability sediments and compartmentalization of the aquifer by extensive faulting, well clogging, and overall water quality management. This presentation will highlight ongoing efforts of these water providers to develop full-scale recharge facilities. The performance of natural in-channel infiltration, engineered infiltration galleries, and direct injection systems designed to introduce from 500 to 5,000 mega-liters per annum to target intervals present from 150 to 600 meters below ground surface will be described. Source waters for recharge operations include inter-basin transferred surface water and highly treated reclaimed water sources requiring from minor to extensive treatment pre-recharge and post-recovery. Operational complexities have raised concerns related to long-term operation and maintenance

  11. Temporal and spatial constraints on the evolution of a Rio Grande rift sub-basin, Guadalupe Mountain area, northern New Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thompson, R. A.; Turner, K. J.; Cosca, M. A.; Drenth, B.; Hudson, M. R.; Lee, J.

    2013-12-01

    The Taos Plateau volcanic field (TPVF) in the southern San Luis Valley of northern New Mexico is the most voluminous of the predominantly basaltic Neogene (6-1 Ma) volcanic fields of the Rio Grande rift. Volcanic deposits of the TPVF are intercalated with alluvial deposits of the Santa Fe Group and compose the N-S-trending San Luis Basin, the largest basin of the northern rift (13,500 km2 in area). Pliocene volcanic rocks of the Guadalupe Mountain area of northern New Mexico are underlain by the southern end of one of the larger sub-basins of the San Luis Valley, the Sunshine sub-basin (~ 450 km2 in area) juxtaposed against the down-to-west frontal fault of the Precambrian-cored Sangre de Cristo Range. The sub-basin plunges northward and extends to near the Colorado-New Mexico border. The western margin (~15 km west of the Sangre de Cristo fault) is constrained by outcrops of Oligocene to Miocene volcanic rocks of the Latir volcanic field, interpreted here as a broad pre-Pliocene intra-rift platform underlying much of the northern TPVF. The southern sub-basin border is derived, in part, from modeling of gravity and aeromagnetic data and is interpreted as a subsurface extension of this intra-rift platform that extends southeastward to nearly the Sangre de Cristo range front. Broadly coincident with this subsurface basement high is the northwest-trending, curvilinear terminus of the down-to-northeast Red River fault zone. South of the gravity high, basin-fill alluvium and ~3.84 Ma Servilleta basalt lava flows thicken along a poorly exposed, down-to-south, basin-bounding fault of the northern Taos graben, the largest of the San Luis Valley sub-basins. The uppermost, western sub-basin fill is exposed along steep canyon walls near the confluence of the Rio Grande and the Red River. Unconformity-bound, lava flow packages are intercalated with paleo Red River fan alluvium and define six eruptive sequences in the Guadalupe Mountain area: (1) Guadalupe Mtn. lavas (dacite ~5

  12. Research of the Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Program

    Treesearch

    Deborah M. Finch

    2000-01-01

    This paper describes the mission, objectives, and preliminary results of the Middle Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Research Program managed at the Rocky Mountain Research Station's Albuquerque laboratory. This program was initiated in 1994 to address growing pressures to effectively manage the limited resources of the middle Rio Grande Basin. The program is...

  13. Microlepidogaster arachas, a new species of hypoptopomatine catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil.

    PubMed

    Martins, Fernanda O; Calegari, Bárbara B; Langeani, Francisco

    2013-01-22

    Microlepidogaster arachas Martins, Calegari & Langeani, sp. nov., a new Hypoptopomatinae, is described from the upper rio Paraná basin. The new species is distinguished from M. longicolla and M. dimorpha by having the anterior portion of the compound supraneural plus first dorsal-fin proximal radial contacting the neural spine of the ninth vertebra. The new species differs from M. perforatus by having 18-29 dentary teeth; median series of lateral plates complete, reaching caudal-peduncle end, and continuous lateral line; and 20-24 mid-dorsal plates. Microlepidogaster arachas is further distinguished from its congeners by several other osteological features.

  14. A new species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) from Dolina Água Milagrosa, Rio Paraguai basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

    PubMed

    da Graça, W J; Oliveira, C A M; Lima, F C T; da Silva, H P; Fernandes, I M

    2017-10-01

    A new species of Astyanax is described from the upper Rio Paraguai basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by having the body intensely yellowish in life (v. silvery, reddish or lightly yellow) and by morphometric and meristics traits. Astyanax dolinae n. sp. cannot be assigned to any of the Astyanax species complex currently recognized for the genus. It is only known from the Dolina Água Milagrosa, a karstic sinkhole lake, entirely fed by groundwater, surrounded by Cerrado, the savannah-like vegetation of central South America. © 2017 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

  15. Comment on “Identification of the subsurface sulfide bodies responsible for acidity in Río Tinto source water, Spain” by Gómez-Ortiz et al. (Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 391 (2014) 36-41)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Olías, Manuel; Nieto, José Miguel

    2014-10-01

    The source of the Río Tinto (SW Spain) is currently located close to the Peña de Hierro mine, where it receives the first acidic waters. A few kilometers south, the river crosses the Río Tinto mines, a supergiant massive sulfide deposit that is much more important than those of Peña de Hierro, and the acid pollutant contributions to the river increase by orders of magnitude.

  16. Upper Rio Grande Simulation Model (URGSIM)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Roach, Jesse; & Tidwell, Vincent

    2010-08-05

    URGSIM estimates the location of surface water and groundwater resources in the upper Rio Grande Basin between the Colorado-New Mexico state line, and Caballo Reservoir from 1975 - 2045. It is a mass balance hydrology model of the Upper Rio Grande surface water, groundwater, and water demand systems which runs at a monthly timestep from 1975-1999 in calibration mode, 2000-2004 in validation mode, and 2005-2045 in scenario analysis mode.

  17. Design and Compilation of a Geodatabase of Existing Salinity Information for the Rio Grande Basin, from the Rio Arriba-Sandoval County Line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas, 2010

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Shah, Sachin D.; Maltby, David R.

    2010-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, compiled salinity-related water-quality data and information in a geodatabase containing more than 6,000 sampling sites. The geodatabase was designed as a tool for water-resource management and includes readily available digital data sources from the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas, Paso del Norte Watershed Council, numerous other State and local databases, and selected databases maintained by the University of Arizona and New Mexico State University. Salinity information was compiled for an approximately 26,000-square-mile area of the Rio Grande Basin from the Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas. The geodatabase relates the spatial location of sampling sites with salinity-related water-quality data reported by multiple agencies. The sampling sites are stored in a geodatabase feature class; each site is linked by a relationship class to the corresponding sample and results stored in data tables.

  18. Evaluating Mantle-to-Surface Hydrologic Connections in the Rio Grande Rift using Mathematical Modeling

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Woolsey, E. E.; Person, M. A.; Crossey, L. J.; Phillips, F. M.; Karlstrom, K. E.; Williams, A. J.

    2012-12-01

    The southern terminus of the Albuquerque Basin along the Rio Grande Rift (RGR) is characterized by high river salinity (200-700 mg/L), temperature (29°C at 155 m depth), and mantle helium (0.26-0.37 RC/A) anomalies, which are clear indications of complex mixing of mantle and crustal fluids. The zone of maximum uplift of the Socorro Magma Body (SMB) is also localized at the southern end of the Albuquerque Basin. Two end member hypotheses have been proposed to account for salt loading in the Rio Grande: 1) basin constriction forcing brines and warm water to the surface and 2) fault-controlled fluid flow from deep mantle/magmatic sources. A better understanding of the hydrologic controls is necessary to assess the degradation of water quality along the Rio Grande. The role of basin constriction and fault-controlled fluid flow in explaining observed fluxes of salinity, enthalpy and primordial helium is examined in this study using mathematical modeling. A basin-scale, cross-sectional hydrologic model was constructed along the RGR in the Albuquerque and Socorro Basins drawn to a depth of 19 km to incorporate deeply derived inputs related to the SMB. The finite element model used is capable of representing heat, brine and noble gas transport. Geologic maps, well bore lithologic logs, as well as gravity and seismic-surveys were used to construct the general N-S cross-section on which the model is based. The model follows the longitudinal profile of the Rio Grande through the Albuquerque Basin and into the Socorro Basin. Multiple versions of the model were created based on two working hypotheses to better understand the structural and hydrologic controls at the basin boundary. One model assumes that the Tertiary dike exposed at the boundary acts as a conduit for deeply sourced fluids and primordial 3He related to the SMB. An alternate version assumes all the units down to the Precambrian basement rock decrease in depth significantly at the basin boundary due to the

  19. The Geomorphometrics of the Rio Grande Rift: The role of tectonics, climate, and erosional processes in forming the Rio Grande river

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Berry, M. A.; van Wijk, J.; Emry, E.; Axen, G. J.; Coblentz, D. D.

    2016-12-01

    Geomorphometrics provides a powerful tool for quantifying the topographic fabric of a landscape and can help with correlating surface features with underlying dynamic processes. Here we use a suite of geomorphometric metrics (including the topographic power spectra, fabric orientation/organization) to compare and contrast the geomorphology of two of the world's major rifts, the Rio Grande Rift (RGR) in western US and the East Africa Rift (EAR). The motivation for this study is the observation of fundamental differences between the characteristics of the intra-rift river drainage for the two rifts. The RGR consists of a series of NS trending rift basins, connected by accommodation or transfer zones. The Rio Grande river developed in the late Neogene, and follows these rift segments from the San Luis basin in Colorado to the Gulf of Mexico. Before the river system formed, basins are thought to have formed internally draining systems, characterized by shallow playa lakes. This is in contrast with lakes in the Tanganyika and Malawi rifts of the East African Rift that are deep and have existed for >5 My. We investigate the role of climate, tectonics and erosional processes in the formation of the through-going Rio Grande river. This occurred around the time of a slowing down of rift opening ( 10 Ma), but also climatic changes in the southwestern U.S. have been described for the late Neogene. To model our hypothesis, a tectonics and surface transport code TISC (Transport, Isostasy, Surface Transport, Climate) was used to evaluate the dynamics of a series of proto-rift basins and their connecting accommodation zones. Basin infill and drainage system development are studied as a result of varying sediment budgets, climate variables, and rift opening rate.

  20. Feeding preference of the Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus)

    Treesearch

    Hugo A. Magana

    2009-01-01

    The Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus) was historically the most abundant fish in the Rio Grande Basin. However, populations have been declining to the point of being listed under the Endangered Species Act. Potential causes for the decline have been studied, yet little attention has been paid to food resources. This study had three...

  1. Sedimentation in Rio La Venta Canyon in Netzahualcoyotl Reservoir, Chiapas, Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    de La Fuente, J. A.; Lisle, T.; Velasquez, J.; Allison, B. L.; Miller, A.

    2002-12-01

    Sedimentation of Rio La Venta as it enters the Netzahualcoyotl Reservoir in Chiapas, Mexico, threatens a unique part of the aquatic ecosystem. Rio La Venta enters the reservoir via a narrow canyon about 16 km long with spectacular, near-vertical limestone bluffs up to 320 m high and inhabited by the flora and fauna of a pristine tropical forest. Karst terrain underlies most of the Rio La Venta basin in the vicinity of the reservoir, while deeply weathered granitic terrain underlies the Rio Negro basin, and the headwaters of the Rio La Venta to the south. The Rio Negro joins Rio La Venta 3 km downstream of the upper limit of the reservoir and delivers the bulk of the total clastic sediment (mostly sand and finer material). The canyon and much of the contributing basin lie within the Reserva de la Biosfera, Selva El Ocote, administered by the Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas, part of the Secretaria de Medioambiente y Recursos Naturales. The Klamath National Forest Forest has cooperated with its Mexican counterparts since 1993 in natural resource management, neo-tropical bird inventories, wildfire management, and more recently in watershed analyses. Rates of sedimentation are estimated from bathymetric surveys conducted in March, 2002. A longitudinal profile down the inundated canyon during a high reservoir level shows an inflection from a slope of 0.0017 to one of 0.0075 at 7.2 km downstream of the mouth of Rio Negro. The bed elevation at this point corresponds to the lowest reservoir level, suggesting that the gentler sloping bed upstream is formed by fluvial processes during drawdown and that downstream by pluvial processes. Using accounts that boats could access Rio Negro during low water levels in 1984, we estimate an annual sedimentation rate of roughly 3 million cubic meters per year. This suggests that boats might no longer be able to access the most spectacular section of canyon upstream of Rio Negro within a decade, depending on how the

  2. The Depiction of Significant Others in Tinto's "Rites of Passage": A Reconceptualization of the Influence of Family and Community in the Persistence Process.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nora, Amaury

    2002-01-01

    Theorizes about interrelations between "rites of passage" in Tinto's (1993) Student Integration Model, and support from significant others in Nora and Cabrera's (1996) Student Adjustment Model. Depicts how both sets of factors impact social and academic experiences and integration, commitment levels to attainment of an educational goal…

  3. Hydrogeology, water resources, and water budget of the upper Rio Hondo Basin, Lincoln County, New Mexico, 2010

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Darr, Michael J.; McCoy, Kurt J.; Rattray, Gordon W.; Durall, Roger A.

    2014-01-01

    The upper Rio Hondo Basin occupies a drainage area of 585 square miles in south-central New Mexico and comprises three general hydrogeologic terranes: the higher elevation “Mountain Block,” the “Central Basin” piedmont area, and the lower elevation “Hondo Slope.” As many as 12 hydrostratigraphic units serve as aquifers locally and form a continuous aquifer on the regional scale. Streams and aquifers in the basin are closely interconnected, with numerous gaining and losing stream reaches across the study area. In general, the aquifers are characterized by low storage capacity and respond to short-term and long-term variations in recharge with marked water-level fluctuations on short (days to months) and long (decadal) time scales. Droughts and local groundwater withdrawals have caused marked water-table declines in some areas, whereas periodically heavy monsoons and snowmelt events have rapidly recharged aquifers in some areas. A regional-scale conceptual water budget was developed for the study area in order to gain a basic understanding of the magnitude of the various components of input, output, and change in storage. The primary input is watershed yield from the Mountain Block terrane, supplying about 38,200 to 42,300 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) to the basin, as estimated by comparing the residual of precipitation and evapotranspiration with local streamgage data. Streamflow from the basin averaged about 21,200 acre-ft/yr, and groundwater output left the basin at an estimated 2,300 to 5,700 acre-ft/yr. The other major output (about 13,500 acre-ft/yr) was by public water supply, private water supply, livestock, commercial and industrial uses, and the Bonito Pipeline. The residual in the water budget, the difference between the totals of the input and output terms or the potential change in storage, ranged from -2,200 acre-ft/yr to +5,300 acre-ft/yr. There is a high degree of variability in precipitation and consequently in the water supply; small

  4. [Work-related accidents on oil drilling platforms in the Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil].

    PubMed

    Freitas, C M; Souza, C A; Machado, J M; Porto, M F

    2001-01-01

    The offshore oil industry is characterized by complex systems in relation to technology and organization of work. Working conditions are hazardous, resulting in accidents and even occasional full-scale catastrophes. This article is the result of a study on work-related accidents in the offshore platforms in the Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro State. The primary objective was to provide technical back-up for both workers' representative organizations and public authorities. As a methodology, we attempt to go beyond the immediate causes of accidents and emphasize underlying causes related to organizational and managerial aspects. The sources were used in such a way as to permit classification in relation to the type of incident, technological system, operation, and immediate and underlying causes. The results show the aggravation of safety conditions and the immediate need for public authorities and the offshore oil industry in Brazil to change the methods used to investigate accidents in order to identify the main causes in the organizational and managerial structure of companies.

  5. PRB mines mature

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Buchsbaum, L.

    2007-08-15

    Already seeing the results of reclamation efforts, America's largest surface mines advance as engineers prepare for the future. 30 years after the signing of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act by Jimmy Carter, western strip mines in the USA, especially in the Powder River Basin, are producing more coal than ever. The article describes the construction and installation of a $38.5 million near-pit crusher and overland belt conveyor system at Foundation Coal West's (FCW) Belle Ayr surface mine in Wyoming, one of the earliest PRB mines. It goes on to describe the development by Rio Tinto of an elkmore » conservatory, the Rochelle Hill Conservation Easement, on reclaimed land at Jacobs Ranch, adjacent to the Rochelle Hills. 4 photos.« less

  6. Understanding Changes in Water Availability in the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo del Norte Basin Under the Influence of Large-Scale Circulation Indices Using the Noah Land Surface Model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Khedun, C. Prakash; Mishra, Ashok K.; Bolten, John D.; Beaudoing, Hiroko K.; Kaiser, Ronald A.; Giardino, J. Richard; Singh, Vijay P.

    2012-01-01

    Water availability plays an important role in the socio-economic development of a region. It is however, subject to the influence of large-scale circulation indices, resulting in periodic excesses and deficits. An assessment of the degree of correlation between climate indices and water availability, and the quantification of changes with respect to major climate events is important for long-term water resources planning and management, especially in transboundary basins as it can help in conflict avoidance. In this study we first establish the correlation of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with gauged precipitation in the Rio Grande basin, and quantify the changes in water availability using runoff generated from the Noah land surface model. Both spatial and temporal variations are noted, with winter and spring being most influenced by conditions in the Pacific Ocean. Negative correlation is observed at the headwaters and positive correlation across the rest of the basin. The influence of individual ENSO events, classified using four different criteria, is also examined. El Ninos (La Ninas) generally cause an increase (decrease) in runoff, but the pattern is not consistent; percentage change in water availability varies across events. Further, positive PDO enhances the effect of El Nino and dampens that of La Nina, but during neutral/transitioning PDO, La Nina dominates meteorological conditions. Long El Ninos have more influence on water availability than short duration high intensity events. We also note that the percentage increase during El Ninos significantly offsets the drought-causing effect of La Ninas.

  7. Development of Semi-distributed ecohydrological model in the Rio Grande De Manati River Basin, Puerto Rico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Setegn, S. G.; Ortiz, J.; Melendez, J.; Barreto, M.; Torres-Perez, J. L.; Guild, L. S.

    2015-12-01

    There are limited studies in Puerto Rico that shows the water resources availability and variability with respect to changing climates and land use. The main goal of the HICE-PR (Human Impacts to Coastal Ecosystems in Puerto Rico (HICE-PR): the Río Loco Watershed (southwest coast PR) project which was funded by NASA is to evaluate the impacts of land use/land cover changes on the quality and extent of coastal and marine ecosystems (CMEs) in two priority watersheds in Puerto Rico (Manatí and Guánica).The main objective of this study is to set up a physically based spatially distributed hydrological model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the analysis of hydrological processes in the Rio Grande de Manati river basin. SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) is a spatially distributed watershed model developed to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields in large complex watersheds. For efficient use of distributed models for hydrological and scenario analysis, it is important that these models pass through a careful calibration and uncertainty analysis. The model was calibrated and validated using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) calibration and uncertainty analysis algorithms. The model evaluation statistics for streamflows prediction shows that there is a good agreement between the measured and simulated flows that was verified by coefficients of determination and Nash Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 0.5. Keywords: Hydrological Modeling; SWAT; SUFI-2; Rio Grande De Manati; Puerto Rico

  8. Probabilistic Water Availability Prediction in the Rio Grande Basin using Large-scale Circulation Indices as Precursor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Khedun, C. P.; Mishra, A. K.; Giardino, J. R.; Singh, V. P.

    2011-12-01

    Hydrometeorological conditions, and therefore water availability, is affected by large-scale circulation indices. In the Rio Grande, which is a transboundary basin shared between the United States and Mexico, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence local hydrological conditions. Different sub-regions of the basin exhibit varying degrees of correlation, but in general, an increase (decrease) in runoff during El Niños (La Niñas) is noted. Positive PDO enhances the effect of El Niño and dampens the negative effect of La Niña, and when it is in its neutral/transition phase, La Niña dominates climatic conditions and reduces water availability. Further, lags of up to 3 months have been found between ENSO and precipitation in the basin. We hypothesize that (1) a trivariate statistical relationship can be established between the two climate indices and water availability, and (2) the relationship can be used to predict water availability based on projected PDO and ENSO conditions. We use copula to establish the dependence between climate indices and water availability. Water availability is generated from Noah land surface model (LSM), forced with the North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2 (NLDAS-2). The model is run within NASA GSFC's Land Information System. LSM generated runoff gives a more realistic picture of available surface water as it is not affected by anthropogenic changes, such as the construction of dams, diversions, and other land use land cover changes, which may obscure climatic influences. Marginals from climate indices and runoff are from different distribution families, thus conventional functional forms of multivariate frequency distributions cannot be employed. Copulas offer a viable alternative as marginals from different families can be combined into a joint distribution. Uncertainties in the statistical relationship can be determined and the statistical model can be used for

  9. Space-based monitoring of land-use/land-cover in the Upper Rio Grande Basin: An opportunity for understanding urbanization trends in a water-scarce transboundary river basin.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mubako, S. T.; Hargrove, W. L.; Heyman, J. M.; Reyes, C. S.

    2016-12-01

    Urbanization is an area of growing interest in assessing the impact of human activities on water resources in arid regions. Remote sensing techniques provide an opportunity to analyze land cover change over time, and are useful in monitoring areas undergoing rapid urban growth. This case study for the water-scarce Upper Rio Grande River Basin uses a supervised classification algorithm to quantify the rate and evaluate the pattern of urban sprawl. A focus is made on the fast growing El-Paso-Juarez metropolitan area on the US-Mexico border and the City of Las Cruces in New Mexico, areas where environmental challenges and loss of agricultural and native land to urban development are major concerns. Preliminary results show that the land cover is dominantly native with some significant agriculture along the Rio Grande River valley. Urban development across the whole study area expanded from just under 3 percent in 1990, to more than 11 percent in 2015. The urban expansion is occurring mainly around the major urban areas of El Paso, Ciudad Juarez, and Las Cruces, although there is visible growth of smaller urban settlements scattered along the Rio Grande River valley during the same analysis period. The proportion of native land cover fluctuates slightly depending on how much land is under crops each analysis year, but there is a decreasing agricultural land cover trend suggesting that land from this sector is being lost to urban development. This analysis can be useful in planning to protect the environment, preparing for growth in infrastructure such as schools, increased traffic demands, and monitoring availability of resources such as groundwater as the urban population grows.

  10. Icebreaker-3 Drill Integration and Testing at Two Mars-Analog Sites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Glass, B.; Bergman, D.; Yaggi, B.; Dave, A.; Zacny, K.

    2016-01-01

    A decade of evolutionary development of integrated automated drilling and sample handling at analog sites and in test chambers has made it possible to go 1 meter through hard rocks and ice layers on Mars. The latest Icebreaker-3 drill has been field tested in 2014 at the Haughton Crater Marsanalog site in the Arctic and in 2015 with a Mars lander mockup in Rio Tinto, Spain, (with sample transfer arm and with a prototype life-detection instrument). Tests in Rio Tinto in 2015 successfully demonstrated that the drill sample (cuttings) was handed-off from the drill to the sample transfer arm and thence to the on-deck instrument inlet where it was taken in and analyzed ("dirt-to-data").

  11. Biological studies and field observations in Europe of Lasioptera donacis potential biological control agent of giant reed, Arundo donax, an invasive weed of the Rio Grande Basin of Texas and Mexico

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Giant reed, Arundo donax L. (Poaceae; Arundinoideae), is a clonal reed grass that is native from the western Mediterranean to India and invasive in North America and other arid temperate/subtropical parts of the world, including the Rio Grande Basin of Texas and Mexico. A biological control of gian...

  12. Long-term flow forecasts based on climate and hydrologic modeling: Uruguay River basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tucci, Carlos Eduardo Morelli; Clarke, Robin Thomas; Collischonn, Walter; da Silva Dias, Pedro Leite; de Oliveira, Gilvan Sampaio

    2003-07-01

    This paper describes a procedure for predicting seasonal flow in the Rio Uruguay drainage basin (area 75,000 km2, lying in Brazilian territory), using sequences of future daily rainfall given by the global climate model (GCM) of the Brazilian agency for climate prediction (Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Clima, or CPTEC). Sequences of future daily rainfall given by this model were used as input to a rainfall-runoff model appropriate for large drainage basins. Forecasts of flow in the Rio Uruguay were made for the period 1995-2001 of the full record, which began in 1940. Analysis showed that GCM forecasts underestimated rainfall over almost all the basin, particularly in winter, although interannual variability in regional rainfall was reproduced relatively well. A statistical procedure was used to correct for the underestimation of rainfall. When the corrected rainfall sequences were transformed to flow by the hydrologic model, forecasts of flow in the Rio Uruguay basin were better than forecasts based on historic mean or median flows by 37% for monthly flows and by 54% for 3-monthly flows.

  13. Panel - Rio Grande restoration: Future directions

    Treesearch

    Deborah M. Finch; Pete V. Domenici; Jeffrey. C. Whitney; Steve Harris; Brian Shields; Clifford S. Crawford

    1996-01-01

    The purpose of this panel was to discuss historical and current changes to the Rio Grande system, focusing on the middle Basin, and to present and review different individual, organizational, and political perspectives on the future of the system. Invitations were made to panelists based on their past and current interests and activities pertaining to restoration of...

  14. Endocrine disruptors in water filters used in the Rio dos Sinos Basin region, Southern Brazil.

    PubMed

    Furtado, C M; von Mühlen, C

    2015-05-01

    The activated carbon filter is used in residences as another step in the treatment of drinking water, based on a physical-chemical process to absorb pollutants that are not removed in conventional treatment. Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) are exogenous substances or mixtures of substances that acts on the endocrine system similarly to the endogenously produced hormones, triggering malfunctions and harmful changes to human and animal health. The objective of the present work was to study EDCs through semi-quantitative analysis of residential water filters collected in the region of Rio dos Sinos basin, focusing on two specific classes: hormones and phenols. The solid phase extraction principle was used for the extraction of compounds and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the separation and characterization of EDCs. Four samples of residential filters collected from public water distribution and artesian wells, from the cities of Novo Hamburgo and São Leopoldo were analysed. Using the developed methodology, it was possible to detect and comparatively quantify selected EDCs in all studied samples, which indicates the presence of these contaminants in drinking water from different sources.

  15. Searching for an Acidic Aquifer in the Rio Tinto Basin: First Geobiology Results of MARTE Project

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fernandez-Remolar, D. C.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Stoker, C.

    2004-01-01

    Among the conceivable modern habitats to be explored for searching life on Mars are those potentially developed underground. Subsurface habitats are currently environments that, under certain physicochemical circumstances, have high thermal and hydrochemical stability [1, 2]. In planets like Mars lacking an atmospheric shield, such systems are obviously protected against radiation, which strongly alters the structure of biological macromolecules. Low porosity but fractured aquifers currently emplaced inside ancient volcano/sedimentary and hydrothermal systems act as excellent habitats [3] due to its thermal and geochemical properties. In these aquifers the temperature is controlled by a thermal balance between conduction and advection processes, which are driven by the rock composition, geological structure, water turnover of aquifers and heat generation from geothermal processes or chemical reactions [4]. Moreover, microbial communities based on chemolithotrophy can obtain energy by the oxidation of metallic ores that are currently associated to these environments. Such a community core may sustain a trophic web composed of non-autotrophic forms like heterotrophic bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

  16. Field Studies of Geothermal Reservoirs Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    James C Witcher

    2002-07-30

    The Rio Grande rift provides an excellent field laboratory to study the nature of geothermal systems in an extensional environment. Much of the geologic complexity that is found in the Basin and Range is absent because the rift is located on cratonic crust with a thin and well-characterized Phanerozoic stratigraphy and tectonic history. On the other hand, the Neogene thermo-tectonic history of the rift has many parallels with the Basin and Range to the west. The geology of the southern Rio Grande rift is among the best characterized of any rift system in the world. Also, most geologic maps formore » the region are rather unique in that detailed analyses of Quaternary stratigraphic and surficial unit are added in concert with the details of bedrock geology. Pleistocene to Holocene entrenchment of the Rio Grande and tributaries unroofs the alteration signatures and permeability attributes of paleo outflow plumes and upflow zones, associated with present-day, but hidden or ''blind,'' hydrothermal systems at Rincon and San Diego Mountain.« less

  17. Geologic and hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin -- Proceedings of the 5th annual Espa?ola basin workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, March 7-8, 2006

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McKinney, Kevin C.

    2006-01-01

    This report presents abstracts of technical studies that are focused on the hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola basin, a major subbasin of the Cenozoic Rio Grande rift. The Rio Grande, Rio Chama, Santa Fe River, and their tributaries carry important surface water in the Espa?ola basin. Sediments and interbedded volcanic rocks fill the Espa?ola basin and form extensive aquifer systems for ground water. Surface and ground water provide the principal sources of water for most residents of the basin, including people in the cities of Santa Fe, Espa?ola, and Los Alamos as well as Native Americans in several Pueblos. The abstracts describe results of technical studies that were presented either as poster exhibits or oral presentations at the fifth-annual Espa?ola basin workshop, held March 7-8 of 2006 in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The principal goal of this workshop was to share information about ongoing studies. The Espa?ola basin workshop was hosted by the Espa?ola basin technical advisory group (EBTAG) and sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and the Water Research Technical Assistance Office of Los Alamos National Laboratory. Abstracts in this report have been grouped into six information themes: Basic Water Data, Water Quality and Water Chemistry, Water Balance and Stream/Aquifer Interaction, Data Integration and Hydrologic Model Testing, Three-Dimensional Hydrogeological Architecture, and Geologic Framework. Abstracts submitted by U.S. Geological Survey authors in this report have had their technical content peer reviewed before they were included in the report. Technical reviews were not required for abstracts submitted by authors outside the USGS, although most did receive peer reviews within their originating agencies. Taken together, the abstracts in this report provide a view of the current status of hydrogeologic research within the Espa?ola basin.

  18. A Conceptual Framework for SAHRA Integrated Multi-resolution Modeling in the Rio Grande Basin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Y.; Gupta, H.; Springer, E.; Wagener, T.; Brookshire, D.; Duffy, C.

    2004-12-01

    The sustainable management of water resources in a river basin requires an integrated analysis of the social, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions of the problem. Numerical models are commonly used for integration of these dimensions and for communication of the analysis results to stakeholders and policy makers. The National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) has been developing integrated multi-resolution models to assess impacts of climate variability and land use change on water resources in the Rio Grande Basin. These models not only couple natural systems such as surface and ground waters, but will also include engineering, economic and social components that may be involved in water resources decision-making processes. This presentation will describe the conceptual framework being developed by SAHRA to guide and focus the multiple modeling efforts and to assist the modeling team in planning, data collection and interpretation, communication, evaluation, etc. One of the major components of this conceptual framework is a Conceptual Site Model (CSM), which describes the basin and its environment based on existing knowledge and identifies what additional information must be collected to develop technically sound models at various resolutions. The initial CSM is based on analyses of basin profile information that has been collected, including a physical profile (e.g., topographic and vegetative features), a man-made facility profile (e.g., dams, diversions, and pumping stations), and a land use and ecological profile (e.g., demographics, natural habitats, and endangered species). Based on the initial CSM, a Conceptual Physical Model (CPM) is developed to guide and evaluate the selection of a model code (or numerical model) for each resolution to conduct simulations and predictions. A CPM identifies, conceptually, all the physical processes and engineering and socio

  19. Selected investigations and statistical summary of surface-water quality in the Rio Grande and the Rio Chama, north-central New Mexico, during water years 1985-2007

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Falk, Sarah E.; Anderholm, Scott K.; Engdahl, Nicholas B.

    2011-01-01

    The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) is supplementing the municipal water supply for Albuquerque, New Mexico, and the surrounding area with water diverted from the Rio Grande. The distribution of surface water for municipal supply has raised questions about the quality of water in the Rio Grande and the possibility of contaminants in the water. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with ABCWUA, has compiled existing water-quality data collected on the Rio Grande and its main tributary, the Rio Chama, by various Federal and State agencies to provide a comprehensive overview of water quality in the Rio Grande basin upstream from Albuquerque. This report describes selected water-quality investigations conducted by various Federal and State agencies and 2007 USGS surface-water-quality investigations and data-collection activities and presents a statistical summary of selected water-quality data collected on the Rio Grande and the Rio Chama in central and northern New Mexico

  20. Hydrology, water quality, and potential alternatives for water-resources development in the Rio Majada and Rio Lapa basins near the Albergue Olimpico, southern Puerto Rico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ramos-Gines, Orlando

    1994-01-01

    A water-resources investigation was conducted during 1989 in the Rio Lapa mountain basins in southern Puerto Rico, to define the hydrology, water quality, and to describe alternatives for additional water- resources supply. The total water budget for both surface- and ground-water resources in the study area was estimated to be 7,530 acre-feet per year for 1989. The water budget for the ground-water system, from which water needs are supplied in the study area, was estimated to be 2,760 acre-feet per year for 1989. Concentration of dissolved solids and fecal bacteria increased during the dry season as both streamflow and ground-water levels decreased. Water samples collected at two stream sites exceeded the recommended U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fecal bacteria concentration for natural water of 2,000 colonies per 100 milliliters during June to November 1989. Water samples obtained from a well in the Rio Lapa Valley exceeded the secondary drinking-water standard for dissolved solids of 500 milligrams per liter during four dry months. In addition, fecal bacteria concentrations at this water-supply well exceeded the primary fecal- bacteria drinking-water standard of 1 colony per 100 milliliter during June to October 1989. Existing water resources can probably be developed to meet additional demands of 110 acre-feet per year pro- jected for 1995. Storage of the surface-water runoff during the wet season and its gradual release to the study area could offset ground-water declines during the dry season. Ground-water withdrawals can be increased by the construction and use of low- capacity wells to reduce the amount of water lowing out of the study area.

  1. Solutions for North American Water Security Challenge: Colorado and Bravo transboundary basins cases

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    López Pérez, M.

    2013-12-01

    The transboundary basins of Colorado (Baja California) and Rio Bravo (Grande) have low water availability figures and water will be appreciated as a highly valued good. In the Rio Grande basin, the strategies and actions have been developed with the River Basin Council: a new surface water management, new water allocation rules for different rainfall and runoff scenarios (climate change included), new sources of water and establishment of water reserves for human consumption and for environmental purposes. In the Colorado River, with an integrated watershed management vision, Mexican and US federal, state and non-governmental organizations representatives signed Minute 319 for 5 years without changing the 1944 Water Treaty. Concepts and rules for surplus, shortage, Intentionally Created Mexican Water (ICMA), salinity, water for the environment and international projects were included and are been implemented. Parallel drinking water and sanitation services in both sides of the border through the Joint Investment Program, EPA-CONAGUA invested 979.2 million dollars from grants to improve the quality of the environment and the inhabitants. Accomplishments are high and the reduction in river health is a good indicator. The implementation of this binational cooperation actions under the framework of the 1944 Water Treaty are considered global solutions in the field of integrated water management in transboundary basins and for creating water security in highly pressured basins. Keywords: Colorado River, Rio Grande or Bravo River, water security, Transboundary basins, environmental water reserves

  2. Usage and administration manual for a geodatabase compendium of water-resources data-Rio Grande Basin from the Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas, 1889-2009

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Burley, Thomas E.

    2011-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission, developed a geodatabase compendium (hereinafter referred to as the 'geodatabase') of available water-resources data for the reach of the Rio Grande from Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas. Since 1889, a wealth of water-resources data has been collected in the Rio Grande Basin from Rio Arriba-Sandoval County line, New Mexico, to Presidio, Texas, for a variety of purposes. Collecting agencies, researchers, and organizations have included the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Reclamation, International Boundary and Water Commission, State agencies, irrigation districts, municipal water utilities, universities, and other entities. About 1,750 data records were recently (2010) evaluated to enhance their usability by compiling them into a single geospatial relational database (geodatabase). This report is intended as a user's manual and administration guide for the geodatabase. All data available, including water quality, water level, and discharge data (both instantaneous and daily) from January 1, 1889, through December 17, 2009, were compiled for the study area. A flexible and efficient geodatabase design was used, enhancing the ability of the geodatabase to handle data from diverse sources and helping to ensure sustainability of the geodatabase with long-term maintenance. Geodatabase tables include daily data values, site locations and information, sample event information, and parameters, as well as data sources and collecting agencies. The end products of this effort are a comprehensive water-resources geodatabase that enables the visualization of primary sampling sites for surface discharges, groundwater elevations, and water-quality and associated data for the study area. In addition, repeatable data processing scripts, Structured Query Language queries for loading prepared data sources, and a detailed process for refreshing all data in the

  3. Dissolved solids in basin-fill aquifers and streams in the southwestern United States

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Anning, David W.; Bauch, Nancy J.; Gerner, Steven J.; Flynn, Marilyn E.; Hamlin, Scott N.; Moore, Stephanie J.; Schaefer, Donald H.; Anderholm, Scott K.; Spangler, Lawrence E.

    2007-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program performed a regional study in the Southwestern United States (Southwest) to describe the status and trends of dissolved solids in basin-fill aquifers and streams and to determine the natural and human factors that affect dissolved solids. Basin-fill aquifers, which include the Rio Grande aquifer system, Basin and Range basin-fill aquifers, and California Coastal Basin aquifers, are the most extensively used ground-water supplies in the Southwest. Rivers, such as the Colorado, the Rio Grande, and their tributaries, are also important water supplies, as are several smaller river systems that drain internally within the Southwest, or drain externally to the Pacific Ocean in southern California. The study included four components that characterize (1) the spatial distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations in basin-fill aquifers, and dissolved-solids concentrations, loads, and yields in streams; (2) natural and human factors that affect dissolved-solids concentrations; (3) major sources and areas of accumulation of dissolved solids; and (4) trends in dissolved-solids concentrations over time in basin-fill aquifers and streams, and the relation of trends to natural or human factors.

  4. Iberian Pyrite Belt Subsurface Life (IPBSL), a drilling project in a geochemical Mars terrestrial analogue

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Amils, R.; Fernández-Remolar, D. C.; Parro, V.; Manfredi, J. A.; Timmis, K.; Oggerin, M.; Sánchez-Román, M.; López, F. J.; Fernández, J. P.; Omoregie, E.; Gómez-Ortiz, D.; Briones, C.; Gómez, F.; García, M.; Rodríguez, N.; Sanz, J. L.

    2012-09-01

    Iberian Pyrite Belt Subsurface Life (IPBSL) is a drilling project specifically designed to characterize the subsurface ecosystems operating in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), in the area of Peña de Hierro, and responsible of the extreme acidic conditions existing in the Rio Tinto basin [1]. Rio Tinto is considered a good geochemical terrestrial analogue of Mars [2, 3]. A dedicated geophysical characterization of the area selected two drilling sites (4) due to the possible existence of water with high ionic content (low resistivity). Two wells have been drilled in the selected area, BH11 and BH10, of depths of 340 and 620 meters respectively, with recovery of cores and generation of samples in anaerobic and sterile conditions. Preliminary results showed an important alteration of mineral structures associated with the presence of water, with production of expected products from the bacterial oxidation of pyrite (sulfates and ferric iron). Ion chromatography of water soluble compounds from uncontaminated samples showed the existence of putative electron donors (ferrous iron, nitrite in addition of the metal sulfides), electron acceptors (sulfate, nitrate, ferric iron) as well as variable concentration of metabolic organic acids (mainly acetate, formate, propionate and oxalate), which are strong signals of the presence of active subsurface ecosystem associated to the high sulfidic mineral content of the IPB. The system is driven by oxidants that appear to be provided by the rock matrix, only groundwater is needed to launch microbial metabolism. The geological, geomicrobiological and molecular biology analysis which are under way, should allow the characterization of this ecosystem of paramount interest in the design of an astrobiological underground Mars exploration mission in the near future.

  5. A new Brachyrhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Rio Japurá basin, Brazil, with comments on its phylogenetic affinities, biogeography and mimicry in the genus.

    PubMed

    Slobodian, Veronica; Bockmann, Flávio Alicino

    2013-01-01

    Brachyrhamdia thayeria is herein described as a new heptapterid species from Rio Japuré, a left margin tributary of the Rio Solimões, Amazonas basin, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from all its congeners by having a putative autapomorphy: dark oblique stripe across the caudal peduncle, originating below the anterior half of adipose fin and ending at base of rays of ventral caudal-fin lobe. Brachyrhamdia thayeria is considered closely related to B. imitator and B. rambarrani with which it shares a low vertebral number and absence of lateral stripe along trunk. The new species shares exclusively with B. rambarrani the presence of a dark conspicuous bar along the dorsolateral region of trunk, a putative synapomorphy. Brachyrhamdia are distributed in lowland regions of northern South America where they inhabit small streams with running waters. The new species appears to have a mimetic association with the syntopic callichthyid Corydoras arcuatus. Herein, we argue in favor of the hypothesis that the interaction between species of Brachyrhamdia and Pimelodella or Corydoras is Müllerian mimicry.

  6. Endolithic microniches support habitability

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gómez, F.; Rodríguez, N.; Rodríguez-Manfredi, J. A.; Fernández-Sampedro, M.; Amils, R.

    2013-09-01

    Particular micro-niches on extreme environments give us some clues about the habitability potential under protected environments with important connotations from an astrobiological point of view [1]. The salts precipitation patters in extreme environments can contribute to biomineralization processes which could be of special interest for organics but also life preservation on environmental harsh conditions. These "oasys" for organics and/or life forms are of special as trobiological interest and should attract our attention in other planets and we should be looking for it during rover exploration missions. Endolithic micro niches in Rio Tinto salts precipitates determine controlled scenarios where phototrops develop under controlled conditions. Rio Tinto, 100 km river located at South West of Spain, is being taken as a well reported Mars analog due to the similarities in the mineralogy of the system which that reported by MER Opportunity Rover missions which landed in Meridiani Planum where sedimentary deposits have been identified in different craters [2]. Interesting multi layered salty deposits were identified in Rio Tinto source area where endolithic micro niches were settled [3]. Green layers appear included in brown stratified salt precipitates. The crust deposit was between 5 mm and 1 cm width. The layered structure is deposited over rocks or over man made structures as dam or mining tunnels walls but always in places with specific environmental characteristics. It appears in not direct Sun light exposed places (shadow side of walls) with thermal and pH stability.

  7. Eruption History and Geochemical Evolution of Servilleta Basalt Along the Rio Grande Gorge, Colorado and New Mexico

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cosca, M. A.; Thompson, R. A.; Turner, K. J.; Morgan, L. E.

    2016-12-01

    Subalkaline basalt to basaltic andesite lava flows formally known as Servilleta Basalt (SB) are the most voluminous rock type forming the Pliocene Taos Plateau volcanic field. Pleistocene incision by the Rio Grande into the bedrock-floored plateau has resulted in spectacular exposures of occasionally thick ( 240 m) accumulations of SB within the Rio Grande gorge. Incremental CO2 laser heating of individual rock fragments, the SB within and along the length of the Rio Grande gorge has been precisely dated by 40Ar/39Ar geochronology to between 5.3 Ma and 3.3 Ma. SB older than 4 Ma is restricted to some lava flows exposed between La Junta point, at the confluence of the Red River and Rio Grande, and the Gorge Bridge crossing northwest of Taos, NM. Vertical sampling through thick SB flow sequences within the gorge yields precise emplacement histories and also reveals small but systematic major and minor element concentration variations (including Si, Rb, Sr, Cu and Zn). 40Ar/39Ar data show that these trends developed over short (0-250 ka) timescales, and probably relate to partial assimilation of crust, possibly at multiple depths. Combined field, geochemical, and 40Ar/39Ar data consequently record short-lived changes in tholeiitic melt compositions in response to regional extension and development of the Rio Grande rift. The age, lateral extent, and thickness of exposed SB partially reflect the paleotopographic surface of the southern San Luis Basin prior to onset of Pliocene Taos Plateau volcanic field magmatism; paleotopographic highs diverted some flows while topographic lows were areas of infilling and accumulation. Heterogeneous basin paleotopography developed during contemporaneous or precursory andesitic to dacitic volcanism, extensional faulting and subsidence of sub-basins within the San Luis Basin, and deposition of prograding alluvial fans that originated in the Sangre de Cristo and Picuris Mountains. SB flowed into the southern San Luis Valley beginning 5

  8. Oblique transfer of extensional strain between basins of the middle Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Fault kinematic and paleostress constraints

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Minor, Scott A.; Hudson, Mark R.; Caine, Jonathan S.; Thompson, Ren A.

    2013-01-01

    The structural geometry of transfer and accommodation zones that relay strain between extensional domains in rifted crust has been addressed in many studies over the past 30 years. However, details of the kinematics of deformation and related stress changes within these zones have received relatively little attention. In this study we conduct the first-ever systematic, multi-basin fault-slip measurement campaign within the late Cenozoic Rio Grande rift of northern New Mexico to address the mechanisms and causes of extensional strain transfer associated with a broad accommodation zone. Numerous (562) kinematic measurements were collected at fault exposures within and adjacent to the NE-trending Santo Domingo Basin accommodation zone, or relay, which structurally links the N-trending, right-stepping en echelon Albuquerque and Española rift basins. The following observations are made based on these fault measurements and paleostresses computed from them. (1) Compared to the typical northerly striking normal to normal-oblique faults in the rift basins to the north and south, normal-oblique faults are broadly distributed within two merging, NE-trending zones on the northwest and southeast sides of the Santo Domingo Basin. (2) Faults in these zones have greater dispersion of rake values and fault strikes, greater dextral strike-slip components over a wide northerly strike range, and small to moderate clockwise deflections of their tips. (3) Relative-age relations among fault surfaces and slickenlines used to compute reduced stress tensors suggest that far-field, ~E-W–trending σ3 stress trajectories were perturbed 45° to 90° clockwise into NW to N trends within the Santo Domingo zones. (4) Fault-stratigraphic age relations constrain the stress perturbations to the later stages of rifting, possibly as late as 2.7–1.1 Ma. Our fault observations and previous paleomagnetic evidence of post–2.7 Ma counterclockwise vertical-axis rotations are consistent with increased

  9. Hydrochemical tracers in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: 1. Conceptualization of groundwater flow

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Plummer, L. Niel; Bexfield, Laura M.; Anderholm, Scott K.; Sanford, Ward E.; Busenberg, Eurybiades

    Chemical and isotopic data for groundwater from throughout the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico, USA, were used to identify and map groundwater flow from 12 sources of water to the basin, evaluate radiocarbon ages, and refine the conceptual model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Hydrochemical zones, representing groundwater flow over thousands to tens of thousands of years, can be traced over large distances through the primarily siliciclastic aquifer system. The locations of the hydrochemical zones mostly reflect the ``modern'' predevelopment hydraulic-head distribution, but are inconsistent with a trough in predevelopment water levels in the west-central part of the basin, indicating that this trough is a transient rather than a long-term feature of the aquifer system. Radiocarbon ages adjusted for geochemical reactions, mixing, and evapotranspiration/dilution processes in the aquifer system were nearly identical to the unadjusted radiocarbon ages, and ranged from modern to more than 30 ka. Age gradients from piezometer nests ranged from 0.1 to 2 year cm-1 and indicate a recharge rate of about 3 cm year-1 for recharge along the eastern mountain front and infiltration from the Rio Grande near Albuquerque. There has been appreciably less recharge along the eastern mountain front north and south of Albuquerque. Des données sur les éléments chimiques et les isotopes présents dans l'eau souterraine prélevée à divers endroits dans le bassin moyen du Rio Grande, au centre du Nouveau-Mexique (É-U), ont permis de déterminer l'existence et l'étendue de douze sources d'eau régionales dans le bassin, d'évaluer les âges radiocarbones et de raffiner le modèle conceptuel du système aquifère du groupe de Santa Fe. Des zones hydro-chimiques qui représentent l'écoulement de l'eau souterraine depuis des dizaines de milliers d'années peuvent être suivies sur de longues distances à travers l'aquifère principalement siliclastique. La position des

  10. Application of nonlinear-regression methods to a ground-water flow model of the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Tiedeman, C.R.; Kernodle, J.M.; McAda, D.P.

    1998-01-01

    This report documents the application of nonlinear-regression methods to a numerical model of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico. In the Albuquerque Basin, ground water is the primary source for most water uses. Ground-water withdrawal has steadily increased since the 1940's, resulting in large declines in water levels in the Albuquerque area. A ground-water flow model was developed in 1994 and revised and updated in 1995 for the purpose of managing basin ground- water resources. In the work presented here, nonlinear-regression methods were applied to a modified version of the previous flow model. Goals of this work were to use regression methods to calibrate the model with each of six different configurations of the basin subsurface and to assess and compare optimal parameter estimates, model fit, and model error among the resulting calibrations. The Albuquerque Basin is one in a series of north trending structural basins within the Rio Grande Rift, a region of Cenozoic crustal extension. Mountains, uplifts, and fault zones bound the basin, and rock units within the basin include pre-Santa Fe Group deposits, Tertiary Santa Fe Group basin fill, and post-Santa Fe Group volcanics and sediments. The Santa Fe Group is greater than 14,000 feet (ft) thick in the central part of the basin. During deposition of the Santa Fe Group, crustal extension resulted in development of north trending normal faults with vertical displacements of as much as 30,000 ft. Ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin occurs primarily in the Santa Fe Group and post-Santa Fe Group deposits. Water flows between the ground-water system and surface-water bodies in the inner valley of the basin, where the Rio Grande, a network of interconnected canals and drains, and Cochiti Reservoir are located. Recharge to the ground-water flow system occurs as infiltration of precipitation along mountain fronts and infiltration of stream water along tributaries to the Rio Grande; subsurface

  11. Digital airborne time domain electromagnetic data from surveys over Cochiti Pueblo, Rio Puerco, and Rio Rancho, New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Deszcz-Pan, Maria; Rodriguez, B.D.; Doucette, J.P.; Godbout, Michel; Williams, J.M.; Sawyer, D.A.; Stone, B.D.; Grauch, V.J.

    2000-01-01

    The Albuquerque-Santa Fe region is rapidly growing. The Santa Fe Group aquifer in the Middle Rio Grande Basin (MRGB) is the main source of municipal water for the greater Albuquerque metropolitan area and is more limited than previously thought (Thorn et al., 1993). The MRGB, as defined hydrologically and used here, is the area within the Rio Grande Valley extending from Cochiti Dam downstream to the community of San Acacia (Figure 1). Because approximately 600,000 people (40 percent of the population of New Mexico) live in the study area (Bartolino, 1999), water shortfalls could have serious consequences for the state. Future growth and land management in the region depends on accurate assessment and protection of the region’s groundwater resources. An important issue in understanding the ground water resources is a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the Santa Fe Group, the sedimentary deposits that fill the Rio Grande rift and contain the principal groundwater aquifers.

  12. Seasonally warmer and humid climates in a lower paleolatitude position of southern Brazil (Paraná Basin): new findings of the Lueckisporites virkkiae zone (late Cisuralian-Guadalupian) in the Serra do Rio do Rastro and neighboring localities

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    di Pasquo, Mercedes; Souza, Paulo A.; Kavali, Pauline Sabina; Felix, Cristina

    2018-03-01

    First palynological information from surface samples of the Serra Alta and Rio do Rasto formations (Passa Dois Group, Paraná Basin), exposed in the Serra do Rio do Rastro (White's Column) and Urubici regions in Santa Catarina State (Brazil) is presented. The Serra Alta Formation is transitionally deposited over the Irati Formation, which is constrained to the late Artinskian/Kungurian by different paleontological and radiometric data. Twelve productive samples (of forty) yielded fairly well preserved palynomorphs, dominated by striate and non striate bisaccate and asaccate pollen grains and subordinated trilete and monolete spores, monosaccate pollen grains and Botryococcus. Diagnostic species of the Lueckisporites virkkiae Zone (Artinskian-Guadalupian) in the Paraná Basin are recorded along with few species of Guadalupian-Lopingian age (e.g. Cladaitina veteadensis, Guttulapollenites hannonicus, Lophotriletes parryensis, Protohaploxypinus microcorpus, Staurosaccites quadrifidus, Weylandites cincinnatus). They support a Kungurian-?Roadian age for the Serra Alta, and a Capitanian (?Lopingian) age for the Rio do Rasto formations. Four samples from the Sete Quedas outcrop yielded scarce and poorly preserved specimens of Lueckisporites likely due to weathering. A statistic comparison among our assemblages and selected Permian palynozones and palynofloras from South America supports a closer correlation with the La Veteada Formation (Guadalupian-Lopingian) from western Argentina due to common occurrence of all the species, and with the Striatites Zone (late Artinskian-Kungurian) of the Chacoparaná Basin, and the I-S Zone Melo Formation in Uruguay. The botanical affinities of the palynomorphs from both assemblages indicate the presence of spores of hygro-mesophytic affinities along with meso-xerophyle pollen grains, which is in agreement with seasonally warmer and humid climates favored by a lower paleolatitude position. The presence of pyrite in some of the miospore

  13. Watershed/river channel linkages: The Upper Rio Grande Basin and the Middle Rio Grande Bosque

    Treesearch

    Jeffrey C. Whitney

    1999-01-01

    There continues to be a great deal of interest and discussion surrounding the demands of water management and allocation and the relationship to ecological integrity of the Rio Grande riparian ecosystem. Current river management too often fails to consider the importance of natural variability of flows. What is consistently overlooked is the relationship of a stream...

  14. Evaluation of gridded snow water equivalent and satellite snow cover products for mountain basins in a hydrologic model

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dressler, K.A.; Leavesley, G.H.; Bales, R.C.; Fassnacht, S.R.

    2006-01-01

    The USGS precipitation-runoff modelling system (PRMS) hydrologic model was used to evaluate experimental, gridded, 1 km2 snow-covered area (SCA) and snow water equivalent (SWE) products for two headwater basins within the Rio Grande (i.e. upper Rio Grande River basin) and Salt River (i.e. Black River basin) drainages in the southwestern USA. The SCA product was the fraction of each 1 km2 pixel covered by snow and was derived from NOAA advanced very high-resolution radiometer imagery. The SWE product was developed by multiplying the SCA product by SWE estimates interpolated from National Resources Conservation Service snow telemetry point measurements for a 6 year period (1995-2000). Measured SCA and SWE estimates were consistently lower than values estimated from temperature and precipitation within PRMS. The greatest differences occurred in the relatively complex terrain of the Rio Grande basin, as opposed to the relatively homogeneous terrain of the Black River basin, where differences were small. Differences between modelled and measured snow were different for the accumulation period versus the ablation period and had an elevational trend. Assimilating the measured snowfields into a version of PRMS calibrated to achieve water balance without assimilation led to reduced performance in estimating streamflow for the Rio Grande and increased performance in estimating streamflow for the Black River basin. Correcting the measured SCA and SWE for canopy effects improved simulations by adding snow mostly in the mid-to-high elevations, where satellite estimates of SCA are lower than model estimates. Copyright ?? 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  15. Eukaryotic Organisms in Extreme Acidic Environments, the Río Tinto Case

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Angeles Aguilera, Angeles

    2013-07-01

    A major issue in microbial ecology is to identify the limits of life for growth and survival, and to understand the molecular mechanisms that define these limits. Thus, interest in the biodiversity and ecology of extreme environments has grown in recent years for several reasons. Some are basic and revolve around the idea that extreme environments are believed to reflect early Earth conditions. Others are related to the biotechnological potential of extremophiles. In this regard, the study of extremely acidic environments has become increasingly important since environmental acidity is often caused by microbial activity. Highly acidic environments are relatively scarce worldwide and are generally associated with volcanic activity or mining operations. For most acidic environments, low pH facilitates metal solubility, and therefore acidic waters tend to have high concentrations of heavy metals. However, highly acidic environments are usually inhabited by acidophilic and acidotolerant eukaryotic microorganisms such as algae, amoebas, ciliates, heliozoan and rotifers, not to mention filamentous fungi and yeasts. Here, we review the general trends concerning the diversity and ecophysiology of eukaryotic acidophilic microorganims, as well as summarize our latest results on this topic in one of the largest extreme acidic rivers, Río Tinto (SW, Spain).

  16. Investigating the relationship between climate teleconnection patterns and soil moisture variability in the Rio Grande/Río Bravo del Norte basin using the NOAH land surface model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Khedun, C. P.; Mishra, A. K.; Bolten, J. D.; Giardino, J. R.; Singh, V. P.

    2010-12-01

    Soil moisture is an important component of the hydrological cycle. Climate variability patterns, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) are determining factors on surface water availability and soil moisture. Understanding this complex relationship and the phase and lag times between climate events and soil moisture variability is important for agricultural management and water planning. In this study we look at the effect of these climate teleconnection patterns on the soil moisture across the Rio Grande/Río Bravo del Norte basin. The basin is transboundary between the US and Mexico and has a varied climatology - ranging from snow dominated in its headwaters in Colorado, to an arid and semi-arid region in its middle reach and a tropical climate in the southern section before it discharges into the Gulf of Mexico. Agricultural activities in the US and in northern Mexico are highly dependent on the Rio Grande and are extremely vulnerable to climate extremes. The treaty between the two countries does not address climate related events. The soil moisture is generated using the community NOAH land surface model (LSM). The LSM is a 1-D column model that runs in coupled or uncoupled mode, and it simulates soil moisture, soil temperature, skin temperature, snowpack depth, snow water equivalent, canopy water content, and energy flux and water flux of the surface energy and water balance. The North American Land Data Assimilation Scheme 2 (NLDAS2) is used to drive the model. The model is run for the period 1979 to 2009. The soil moisture output is validated against measured values from the different Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) sites within the basin. The spatial and temporal variability of the modeled soil moisture is then analyzed using marginal entropy to investigate monthly, seasonal, and annual variability. Wavelet transform is used to determine the relation, phase

  17. Magnetic Fabric Associated with Faulting of Poorly Consolidated Basin Sediments of the Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, USA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hudson, M. R.; Minor, S. A.; Caine, J. S.

    2015-12-01

    Permanent strain in sediments associated with shallow fault zones can be difficult to characterize. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data were obtained from 120 samples at 6 sites to assess the nature of fault-related AMS fabrics for 4 faults cutting Miocene-Pliocene basin fill sediments of the Rio Grande rift of north-central New Mexico. The San Ysidro (3 sites), Sand Hill, and West Paradise faults within the northern Albuquerque basin have normal offset whereas an unnamed fault near Buckman in the western Española basin has oblique strike-slip offset. Previous studies have shown that detrital magnetite controls magnetic susceptibility in rift sandstones, and in a 50-m-long hanging wall traverse of the San Ysidro fault, non-gouge samples have typical sedimentary AMS fabrics with Kmax and Kint axes (defining magnetic foliation) scattered within bedding. For the 5 normal-fault sites, samples from fault cores or adjacent mixed zones that lie within 1 m of the principal slip surface developed common deformation fabrics with (1) magnetic foliation inclined in the same azimuth but more shallowly dipping than the fault plane, and (2) magnetic lineation plunging down foliation dip with nearly the same trend as the fault striae, although nearer for sand versus clay gouge samples. These relations suggest that the sampled fault materials deformed by particulate flow with alignment of magnetite grains in the plane of maximum shortening. For a 2-m-long traverse at the Buckman site, horizontal sedimentary AMS foliation persists to < 15 cm to the fault slip surface, wherein foliation in sand and clay gouge rotates toward the steeply dipping fault plane in a sense consistent with sinistral offset. Collectively these data suggest permanent deformation fabrics were localized within < 1 m of fault surfaces and that AMS fabrics from gouge samples can provide kinematic information for faults in unconsolidated sediments which may lack associated slickenlines.

  18. Assessing recent declines in Upper Rio Grande runoff efficiency from a paleoclimate perspective

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lehner, Flavio; Wahl, Eugene R.; Wood, Andrew W.; Blatchford, Douglas B.; Llewellyn, Dagmar

    2017-05-01

    Recent decades have seen strong trends in hydroclimate over the American Southwest, with major river basins such as the Rio Grande exhibiting intermittent drought and declining runoff efficiencies. The extent to which these observed trends are exceptional has implications for current water management and seasonal streamflow forecasting practices. We present a new reconstruction of runoff ratio for the Upper Rio Grande basin back to 1571 C.E., which provides evidence that the declining trend in runoff ratio from the 1980s to present day is unprecedented in context of the last 445 years. Though runoff ratio is found to vary primarily in proportion to precipitation, the reconstructions suggest a secondary influence of temperature. In years of low precipitation, very low runoff ratios are made 2.5-3 times more likely by high temperatures. This temperature sensitivity appears to have strengthened in recent decades, implying future water management vulnerability should recent warming trends in the region continue.Plain Language SummarySince the 1980s, major river <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the American Southwest such as the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande have experienced droughts, declining streamflow, and increasing temperatures. More importantly, runoff ratio—the portion of precipitation that ends up in the river each year, rather than evaporating—has been decreasing as well. For water managers, it is important to know whether these trends are exceptional or are merely patterns that have occurred throughout history. We use long reconstructions of historical climate based on tree rings to estimate, for the first time, the paleo runoff ratio of the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. This new record indicates that the recently observed trends in runoff ratio are unprecedented in the 445 year record. Together with precipitation, high temperatures have an important influence, making very low runoff ratios 2.5-3 times more likely. These findings suggest that runoff ratio could</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21294642','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21294642"><span>Classification of modern and old Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> sedimentary deposits through the biomolecular record using a life marker biochip: implications for detecting life on Mars.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Parro, Victor; Fernández-Remolar, David; Rodríguez-Manfredi, José A; Cruz-Gil, Patricia; Rivas, Luis A; Ruiz-Bermejo, Marta; Moreno-Paz, Mercedes; García-Villadangos, Miriam; Gómez-Ortiz, David; Blanco-López, Yolanda; Menor-Salván, César; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Gómez-Elvira, Javier</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The particular mineralogy formed in the acidic conditions of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> has proven to be a first-order analogue for the acid-sulfate aqueous environments of Mars. Therefore, studies about the formation and preservation of biosignatures in the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> will provide insights into equivalent processes on Mars. We characterized the biomolecular patterns recorded in samples of modern and old fluvial sediments along a segment of the river by means of an antibody microarray containing more than 200 antibodies (LDCHIP200, for Life Detector Chip) against whole microorganisms, universal biomolecules, or environmental extracts. Samples containing 0.3-0.5 g of solid material were automatically analyzed in situ by the Signs Of LIfe Detector instrument (SOLID2), and the results were corroborated by extensive analysis in the laboratory. Positive antigen-antibody reactions indicated the presence of microbial strains or high-molecular-weight biopolymers that originated from them. The LDCHIP200 results were quantified and subjected to a multivariate analysis for immunoprofiling. We associated similar immunopatterns, and biomolecular markers, to samples with similar sedimentary age. Phyllosilicate-rich samples from modern fluvial sediments gave strong positive reactions with antibodies against bacteria of the genus Acidithiobacillus and against biochemical extracts from Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> sediments and biofilms. These samples contained high amounts of sugars (mostly polysaccharides) with monosaccharides like glucose, rhamnose, fucose, and so on. By contrast, the older deposits, which are a mix of clastic sands and evaporites, showed only a few positives with LDCHIP200, consistent with lower protein and sugar content. We conclude that LDCHIP200 results can establish a correlation between microenvironments, diagenetic stages, and age with the biomarker profile associated with a sample. Our results would help in the search for putative martian biomarkers in acidic deposits with similar</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AsBio..11...29P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AsBio..11...29P"><span>Classification of Modern and Old Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Sedimentary Deposits Through the Biomolecular Record Using a Life Marker Biochip: Implications for Detecting Life on Mars</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Parro, Victor; Fernández-Remolar, David; Rodríguez-Manfredi, José A.; Cruz-Gil, Patricia; Rivas, Luis A.; Ruiz-Bermejo, Marta; Moreno-Paz, Mercedes; García-Villadangos, Miriam; Gómez-Ortiz, David; Blanco-López, Yolanda; Menor-Salván, César; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Gómez-Elvira, Javier</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The particular mineralogy formed in the acidic conditions of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> has proven to be a first-order analogue for the acid-sulfate aqueous environments of Mars. Therefore, studies about the formation and preservation of biosignatures in the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> will provide insights into equivalent processes on Mars. We characterized the biomolecular patterns recorded in samples of modern and old fluvial sediments along a segment of the river by means of an antibody microarray containing more than 200 antibodies (LDCHIP200, for Life Detector Chip) against whole microorganisms, universal biomolecules, or environmental extracts. Samples containing 0.3-0.5g of solid material were automatically analyzed in situ by the Signs Of LIfe Detector instrument (SOLID2), and the results were corroborated by extensive analysis in the laboratory. Positive antigen-antibody reactions indicated the presence of microbial strains or high-molecular-weight biopolymers that originated from them. The LDCHIP200 results were quantified and subjected to a multivariate analysis for immunoprofiling. We associated similar immunopatterns, and biomolecular markers, to samples with similar sedimentary age. Phyllosilicate-rich samples from modern fluvial sediments gave strong positive reactions with antibodies against bacteria of the genus Acidithiobacillus and against biochemical extracts from Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> sediments and biofilms. These samples contained high amounts of sugars (mostly polysaccharides) with monosaccharides like glucose, rhamnose, fucose, and so on. By contrast, the older deposits, which are a mix of clastic sands and evaporites, showed only a few positives with LDCHIP200, consistent with lower protein and sugar content. We conclude that LDCHIP200 results can establish a correlation between microenvironments, diagenetic stages, and age with the biomarker profile associated with a sample. Our results would help in the search for putative martian biomarkers in acidic deposits with similar</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_7");'>7</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_8");'>8</a></li> <li class="active"><span>9</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_9 --> <div id="page_10" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_8");'>8</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li class="active"><span>10</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="181"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004HydJ...12..389S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004HydJ...12..389S"><span>Hydrochemical tracers in the middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, USA: 2. Calibration of a groundwater-flow model</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sanford, Ward E.; Plummer, L. Niel; McAda, Douglas P.; Bexfield, Laura M.; Anderholm, Scott K.</p> <p></p> <p>The calibration of a groundwater model with the aid of hydrochemical data has demonstrated that low recharge rates in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> may be responsible for a groundwater trough in the center of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and for a substantial amount of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water in the regional flow system. Earlier models of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> had difficulty reproducing these features without any hydrochemical data to constrain the rates and distribution of recharge. The objective of this study was to use the large quantity of available hydrochemical data to help calibrate the model parameters, including the recharge rates. The model was constructed using the US Geological Survey's software MODFLOW, MODPATH, and UCODE, and calibrated using 14C activities and the positions of certain flow zones defined by the hydrochemical data. Parameter estimation was performed using a combination of nonlinear regression techniques and a manual search for the minimum difference between field and simulated observations. The calibrated recharge values were substantially smaller than those used in previous models. Results from a 30,000-year transient simulation suggest that recharge was at a maximum about 20,000 years ago and at a minimum about 10,000 years ago. Le calibrage d'un modèle hydrogéologique avec l'aide de données hydrochimiques a démontré que la recharge relativement faible dans le Grand Bassin du Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> est vraisemblablement responsable d'une dépression des eaux souterraines dans le centre du bassin et de la présence d'une quantité substantielle d'eau du <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande dans l'aquifère du Groupe de Santa Fe. Les modèles antérieurs avaient des difficultés à reproduire ses conclusions sans l'aide de données hydrochimiques pour contraindre les taux et la distribution de la recharge. L'objectif de cette étude était d'utiliser une grande quantité de données hydrochimiques permettant de calibrer les paramètres du modèle, et notamment les taux de recharge. Le modèle a </p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19830030613&hterms=groundwater&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D60%26Ntt%3Dgroundwater','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19830030613&hterms=groundwater&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D60%26Ntt%3Dgroundwater"><span>A groundwater convection model for <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift geothermal resources</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Morgan, P.; Harder, V.; Daggett, P. H.; Swanberg, C. A.</p> <p>1981-01-01</p> <p>It has been proposed that forced convection, driven by normal groundwater flow through the interconnected <span class="hlt">basins</span> of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift is the primary source mechanism for the numerous geothermal anomalies along the rift. A test of this concept using an analytical model indicates that significant forced convection must occur in the <span class="hlt">basins</span> even if permeabilities are as low as 50-200 millidarcies at a depth of 2 km. Where groundwater flow is constricted at the discharge areas of the <span class="hlt">basins</span> forced convection can locally increase the gradient to a level where free convection also occurs, generating surface heat flow anomalies 5-15 times background. A compilation of groundwater data for the rift <span class="hlt">basins</span> shows a strong correlation between constrictions in groundwater flow and hot springs and geothermal anomalies, giving strong circumstantial support to the convection model.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70037215','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70037215"><span>Social, political, and institutional setting: Water management problems of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Douglas, A.J.</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>This paper discusses various water management issues facing federal, state, and local agencies charged with managing the water resources of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and its major tributaries. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande - 3,058 km (=1,900 mi) long - is the fourth longest river in the United States. The river's <span class="hlt">basin</span> is 870,236 km2 (=336,000 mi2) and for roughly two-thirds of its length it forms the United States-Mexican border. It is a major recreational resource providing world class trout fishing near its headwaters in Colorado's San Juan Mountains and shoreline, angling, and boating opportunities near the Colorado-New Mexico border. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande is the principal tourist attraction of Big Bend National Park and flows through downtown Albuquerque and El Paso. Many reaches are wide and broad, but almost all are relatively shallow and not navigable by commercial ships. Nevertheless, it is one of the most important renewable water resources of the southwestern United States and North America. The issue of the "manageability" of the river in the face of social forces and disparate administrative jurisdictions that adversely impact <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande flows is a thread linking various sections of the paper together. The length of the river; the fact that major reaches lie in Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas; and its unique role as an international boundary pose complex management problems. The allocation status quo formed by the complex nexus of existing river laws make it difficult to reshape <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande management. ?? 2009 ASCE.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35774','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35774"><span>Trial by fire: Restoration of Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande upland ecosystems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Samuel R. Loftin</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>The majority of upland ecosystems (desert scrub, grassland, pinyon-juniper, ponderosa pine and higher elevation conifer forests) in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> were historically dependent on periodic fire to maintain their composition, productivity, and distribution. The cultural practices of European man have altered the function, structure, and composition of...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007LPICo1353.3135S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007LPICo1353.3135S"><span>Searching for Life in the Martian Subsurface: Results from the MARTE Astrobiological Drilling Experiment and Implications for Future Missions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Stoker, C. R.</p> <p>2007-07-01</p> <p>Drilling for subsurface life should be a goal of future Mars missions. The approach is illustrated by MARTE: A search for subsurface life in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain explored a biosphere using reduced iron and sulfur minerals and demonstrated automated drilling, sample handling, and life detection.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4072/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4072/report.pdf"><span>Subsurface recharge to the Tesuque aquifer system from selected drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> along the western side of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains near Santa Fe, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wasiolek, Maryann</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>Water budgets developed for <span class="hlt">basins</span> of five streams draining the western side of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in northern New Mexico indicate that subsurface inflow along the mountain front is recharging the Tesuque aquifer system of the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Approximately 14,700 acre-feet of water per year, or 12.7 percent of average annual precipitation over the mountains, is calculated to leave the mountain block and enter the <span class="hlt">basin</span> as subsurface recharge from the drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Nambe, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> en Medio, Tesuque Creek, Little Tesuque Creek, and Santa Fe River. About 5,520 acre- feet per year, or about 12 percent of average annual precipitation, is calculated to enter from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Nambe drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>; about 1,710 acre- feet per year, or about 15 percent of average annual precipitation, is calculated to enter from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> en Medio drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>; about 1,530 acre- feet, or about 10 percent of average annual precipi- tation, is calculated to enter from the Tesuque Creek drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>; about 1,790 acre-feet, or about 19 percent of average annual precipitation, is calculated to enter from the Little Tesuque Creek drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>; and about 4,170 acre-feet per year, or about 12 percent average annual precipitation, is calculated to enter from the Santa Fe River drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Calculated subsurface recharge values were used to define maximum fluxes permitted along the specified-flux boundary defining the mountain front of the Sangre De Cristo Mountains in a numerical computer model of the Tesuque aquifer system near Santa Fe, New Mexico.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4131/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri02-4131/"><span>Summary of Flow Loss between Selected Cross Sections on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in and near Albuquerque, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Veenhuis, Jack E.</p> <p>2002-01-01</p> <p>The upper middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, as defined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, extends from the headwaters of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in southwestern Colorado to Fort Quitman, Texas. Most of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> has a semiarid climate typical of the southwestern United States. This climate drives a highly variable streamflow regime that contributes to the complexity of water management in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Currently, rapid population growth in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> has resulted in increasing demands on the hydrologic system. Water management decisions have become increasingly complex because of the broad range of interests and issues. For these reasons, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque, New Mexico, conducted paired flow measurements at two cross sections to determine cross-sectional loss in the Albuquerque reach of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. This report statistically summarizes flow losses in the Albuquerque reach of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande during the winter nonirrigation season from December 1996 to February 2000. The two previous flow-loss investigations are statistically summarized. Daily mean flow losses are calculated for the winter nonirrigation season using daily mean flows at three selected <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande streamflow-gaging stations.For the winter nonirrigation season cross-sectional measurements (1996-2000), an average of 210 cubic feet per second was returned to the river between the measurement sites, of which 165 cubic feet per second was intercepted by riverside drains along the 21.9-mile reach from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande near Bernalillo to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo Bridge streamflow-gaging stations. Total cross-sectional losses in this reach averaged about 90 cubic feet per second. Regression equations were determined for estimating downstream total outflow from upstream total inflow for all three paired measurement studies. Regression equations relating the three daily mean flow recording stations also were determined. In each succeeding study, additional outside variables</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70174266','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70174266"><span>Advancements in understanding the aeromagnetic expressions of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-margin faults—An example from San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Colorado</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Grauch, V. J.; Bedrosian, Paul A.; Drenth, Benjamin J.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Herein, we summarize and expand on an investigation of the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies related to faults along the eastern margin of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, Colorado (Grauch et al., 2010). Similar to the faults examined in the central <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, magnetic sources can be completely explained by tectonic juxtaposition and produce multiple, vertically stacked magnetic contrasts at individual faults. However, the geologic sources are different. They arise from both the sedimentary cover and the underlying bedrock rather than from stratified sediments. In addition, geologic evidence for secondary growth or destruction of magnetic minerals at the fault zone is lacking.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2587236','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2587236"><span>Contrasting Microbial Community Assembly Hypotheses: A Reconciling Tale from the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Palacios, Carmen; Zettler, Erik; Amils, Ricardo; Amaral-Zettler, Linda</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>Background The Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> (RT) is distinguished from other acid mine drainage systems by its natural and ancient origins. Microbial life from all three domains flourishes in this ecosystem, but bacteria dominate metabolic processes that perpetuate environmental extremes. While the patchy geochemistry of the RT likely influences the dynamics of bacterial populations, demonstrating which environmental variables shape microbial diversity and unveiling the mechanisms underlying observed patterns, remain major challenges in microbial ecology whose answers rely upon detailed assessments of community structures coupled with fine-scale measurements of physico-chemical parameters. Methodology/Principal Findings By using high-throughput environmental tag sequencing we achieved saturation of richness estimators for the first time in the RT. We found that environmental factors dictate the distribution of the most abundant taxa in this system, but stochastic niche differentiation processes, such as mutation and dispersal, also contribute to observed diversity patterns. Conclusions/Significance We predict that studies providing clues to the evolutionary and ecological processes underlying microbial distributions will reconcile the ongoing debate between the Baas Becking vs. Hubbell community assembly hypotheses. PMID:19052647</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052647','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052647"><span>Contrasting microbial community assembly hypotheses: a reconciling tale from the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Palacios, Carmen; Zettler, Erik; Amils, Ricardo; Amaral-Zettler, Linda</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>The Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> (RT) is distinguished from other acid mine drainage systems by its natural and ancient origins. Microbial life from all three domains flourishes in this ecosystem, but bacteria dominate metabolic processes that perpetuate environmental extremes. While the patchy geochemistry of the RT likely influences the dynamics of bacterial populations, demonstrating which environmental variables shape microbial diversity and unveiling the mechanisms underlying observed patterns, remain major challenges in microbial ecology whose answers rely upon detailed assessments of community structures coupled with fine-scale measurements of physico-chemical parameters. By using high-throughput environmental tag sequencing we achieved saturation of richness estimators for the first time in the RT. We found that environmental factors dictate the distribution of the most abundant taxa in this system, but stochastic niche differentiation processes, such as mutation and dispersal, also contribute to observed diversity patterns. We predict that studies providing clues to the evolutionary and ecological processes underlying microbial distributions will reconcile the ongoing debate between the Baas Becking vs. Hubbell community assembly hypotheses.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H41D0843M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H41D0843M"><span>Participatory Water Resources Modeling in a Water-Scarce <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sonora, Mexico) Reveals Uncertainty in Decision-Making</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Mayer, A. S.; Vivoni, E. R.; Halvorsen, K. E.; Kossak, D.</p> <p>2014-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sonora <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (RSB) in northwest Mexico has a semi-arid and highly variable climate along with urban and agricultural pressures on water resources. Three participatory modeling workshops were held in the RSB in spring 2013. A model of the water resources system, consisting of a watershed hydrology model, a model of the water infrastructure, and groundwater models, was developed deliberatively in the workshops, along with scenarios of future climate and development. Participants were asked to design water resources management strategies by choosing from a range of supply augmentation and demand reduction measures associated with water conservation. Participants assessed water supply reliability, measured as the average daily supply divided by daily demand for historical and future periods, by probing with the climate and development scenarios. Pre- and post-workshop-surveys were developed and administered, based on conceptual models of workshop participants' beliefs regarding modeling and local water resources. The survey results indicate that participants believed their modeling abilities increased and beliefs in the utility of models increased as a result of the workshops. The selected water resources strategies varied widely among participants. Wastewater reuse for industry and aquifer recharge were popular options, but significant numbers of participants thought that inter-<span class="hlt">basin</span> transfers and desalination were viable. The majority of participants indicated that substantial increases in agricultural water efficiency could be achieved. On average, participants chose strategies that produce reliabilities over the historical and future periods of 95%, but more than 20% of participants were apparently satisfied with reliabilities lower than 80%. The wide range of strategies chosen and associated reliabilities indicate that there is a substantial degree of uncertainty in how future water resources decisions could be made in the region.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://tx.usgs.gov/coring/pubs/riograndefs.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://tx.usgs.gov/coring/pubs/riograndefs.pdf"><span>Water-quality trends in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span> using sediment cores from reservoirs</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Van Metre, Peter C.; Mahler, B.J.; Callender, Edward C.</p> <p>1997-01-01</p> <p>In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began full implementation of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program (Leahy and others, 1990). Also in 1991, the State of Texas established the Clean Rivers Program (CRP) administered by the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC). The coring study reported here was a collaborative effort between the NAWQA Program and the CRP <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Border Environmental Assessment Team, with additional funding support from the El Paso County Water Improvement District No. 1.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.T41E2976T','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.T41E2976T"><span>Tectonic Implications of Changes in the Paleogene Paleodrainage Network in the West-Central Part of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, New Mexico and Colorado, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Thompson, R. A.; Turner, K. J.; Cosca, M. A.; Drenth, B.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>The San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is the largest of extensional <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift (>11,400 km2). The modern <span class="hlt">basin</span> configuration is the result of Neogene deformation that has been the focus of numerous studies. In contrast, Paleogene extensional deformation is relatively little studied owing to a fragmentary or poorly exposed stratigraphic record in most areas. However, volcanic and volcaniclastic deposits exposed along the western margin of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> provide the spatial and temporal framework for interpretation of paleodrainage patterns that changed in direct response to Oligocene <span class="hlt">basin</span> subsidence and the migration of centers of Tertiary volcanism. The early Oligocene (34 to 30 Ma) drainage pattern that originated in the volcanic highlands of the San Juan Mountains flowed south into the northern Tusas Mountains. A structural and topographic high composed of Proterozoic rocks in the Tusas Mountains directed flow to the southeast at least as late as 29 Ma, as ash-flow tuffs sourced in the southeast San Juan Mountains are restricted to the north side of the paleohigh. Construction of volcanic highlands in the San Luis Hills between 30 and 28.5 Ma provided an abundant source of volcanic debris that combined with volcanic detritus sourced in the southeast San Juan Mountains and was deposited (Los Pinos Formation) throughout the northern Tusas Mountains progressively onlapping the paleotopographic high. By 29 Ma, subsidence of the Las Mesitas graben, a structural sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span>, between the San Luis Hills and the southeast San Juan and northern Tusas Mountains is reflected by thick deposits of Los Pinos Formation beneath 26.5 Ma basalts. Regional tectonism responsible for the formation of the graben may have also lowered the topographic and structural high in the Tusas Mountains, which allowed development of a southwest-flowing paleodrainage that likely flowed onto the Colorado Plateau. Tholeiitic basalt flows erupted in the San Luis Hills at 25.8 Ma, that presently cap</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-s26-43-049.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-s26-43-049.html"><span>Agriculture, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sao Francisco, Brazil, South America</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>1988-10-03</p> <p>The large field patterns in this view of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sao Francisco <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil, South America, (11.5S, 43.5W) indicate a commercial agriculture venture; family subsistence farms are much smaller and laid out in different patterns. Land clearing in Brazil has increased at an alarming rate in recent years and preliminary estimates suggest a 25 to 30% increase in deforestation since 1984. The long term impact on the ecological processes are still unknown.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=STS026-43-049&hterms=5S&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D90%26Ntt%3D5S','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=STS026-43-049&hterms=5S&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D90%26Ntt%3D5S"><span>Agriculture, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sao Francisco, Brazil, South America</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p></p> <p>1988-01-01</p> <p>The large field patterns in this view of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sao Francisco <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil, South America, (11.5S, 43.5W) indicate a commercial agriculture venture; family subsistence farms are much smaller and laid out in different patterns. Land clearing in Brazil has increased at an alarming rate in recent years and preliminary estimates suggest a 25 to 30% increase in deforestation since 1984. The long term impact on the ecological processes are still unknown.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/pdf/ofr2014-1248.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/pdf/ofr2014-1248.pdf"><span>Magnetotelluric data collected to characterize aquifers in the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Ailes, Chad E.; Rodriguez, Brian D.</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a series of multidisciplinary studies of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> as part of the Geologic Framework of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basins</span> project. Detailed geologic mapping, high-resolution airborne magnetic surveys, gravity surveys, magnetotelluric surveys, and hydrologic and lithologic data are being used to better understand the aquifers in the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. This report describes one north-south and two east-west regional magnetotelluric sounding profiles, acquired in June of 2010 and July and August of 2011, across the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in northern New Mexico. No interpretation of the data is included.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/78589','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/78589"><span>Structure of the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, New Mexico, from SAGE seismic and gravity data</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Ferguson, J.F.; Baldridge, W.S.; Braile, L.W.</p> <p>1995-04-01</p> <p>Seismic and gravity data, acquired by the SAGE program over the past twelve years, are used to define the geometry of the Espanola <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the extent of pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks. The Paleozoic and Mesozoic units have been thinned and removed during Laramide uplift in an area now obscured by the younger rift <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The Espanola <span class="hlt">basin</span> is generally a shallow, asymmetric transitional structure between deeper, better developed <span class="hlt">basins</span> to the northeast and southwest. The gravity data indicate the presence of three narrow, but deep, structural lows arrayed along the Embudo/Pajarito fault system. These sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> seem to be younger thanmore » the faults on the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margins. This apparent focussing of deformation in the later history of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> may be a response to changes in regional stress or more local accommodation of the rift extension. Future work is planned to develop seismic data over one of these sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span>, the Velarde graben, and to better define the gravity map in order to facilitate three-dimensional modeling.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0884/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0884/"><span>Water quality, discharge, and groundwater levels in the Palomas, Mesilla, and Hueco <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in New Mexico and Texas from below Caballo Reservoir, New Mexico, to Fort Quitman, Texas, 1889-2013</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>McKean, Sarah E.; Matherne, Anne Marie; Thomas, Nicole</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department, compiled data from various sources to develop a dataset that can be used to conduct an assessment of the total dissolved solids in surface water and groundwater of the Palomas, Mesilla, and Hueco <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in New Mexico and Texas, from below Caballo Reservoir, N. Mex., to Fort Quitman, Tex. Data include continuous surface-water discharge records at various locations on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande; surface-water-quality data for the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande collected at selected locations in the Palomas, Mesilla, and Hueco <span class="hlt">Basins</span>; groundwater levels and groundwater-quality data collected from selected wells in the Palomas and Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basins</span>; and data from several seepage investigations conducted on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and selected drains in the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=307769','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=307769"><span>Assessing climate change impacts on water availability of snowmelt-dominated <span class="hlt">basins</span> of the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Study Region- Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado and New Mexico, USA: Climate change is predicted to further limit the water availability of the arid southwestern U.S. In this study, the Snowmelt Runoff Model is used to evaluate impacts of increased temperature and altered precipitation on snow covered are...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=272748','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=272748"><span>Mapping giant reed along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande using airborne and satellite imagery</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is a perennial invasive weed that presents a severe threat to agroecosystems and riparian areas in the Texas and Mexican portions of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The objective of this presentation is to give an overview on the use of aerial photography, airborne multispectral a...</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_8");'>8</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li class="active"><span>10</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_10 --> <div id="page_11" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li class="active"><span>11</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="201"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AGUFMEP54A..05G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AGUFMEP54A..05G"><span>Cenozoic North American Drainage <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Evolution, Sediment Yield, and Accumulation in the Gulf of Mexico <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Galloway, W.; Ganey-Curry, P. E.</p> <p>2010-12-01</p> <p>The Cenozoic fill of the Gulf of Mexico <span class="hlt">basin</span> contains a continuous record of sediment supply from the North American continental interior for the past 65 million years. Regional mapping of unit thickness and paleogeography for 18 depositional episodes defines patterns of shifting entry points of continental fluvial systems and quantifies the total volume of sediment supplied during each episode. Eight fluvio-deltaic depocenters, named for geographic similarities to entry points and drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> of modern rivers, are present. From southwest to northeast, they are the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Guadalupe, Colorado, Houston-Brazos, Red, Mississippi, and Tennessee axes. Sediment volume was calculated from hand-contoured unit thickness maps compiled from <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide well and seismic control. Using a GIS algorithm to sum volumes within polygons bounding interpreted North American river contribution, the total extant volume was then calculated. General compaction factors were used to convert modern volume to quantitative approximations of total grain volume. Grain volume rate of supply for each depositional episode was then calculated. Values vary by more than an order of magnitude. Supply rate has commonly varied by two-fold or more between successive depositional episodes. Sediment supply is a significant, independent variable in development of stratigraphic sequences within the Gulf <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Paleogeographic maps of the continental interior for eleven Cenozoic time intervals display the evolving and complex interplay of intracontinental tectonism, climate change, and drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution. Five tectono-climatic eras are differentiated: Paleocene late Laramide era; early to middle Eocene terminal Laramide era; middle Cenozoic (Late Eocene—Early Miocene) dry, volcanogenic era; middle Neogene (Middle—Late Miocene) arid, extensional era; and late Neogene (Plio—Pleistocene) monsoonal, epeirogenic uplift era. Sediment supply to the GOM reflects the interplay of (1</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0327/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1977/0327/report.pdf"><span>Reconnaissance of sedimentation in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Pilcomayo <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, May 1975, Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Ritter, John R.</p> <p>1977-01-01</p> <p>The Río Pilcomayo "Alto" (Bolivia) and "Superior" (Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay) transport large quantities of sediment for the size of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The Río Pilcomayo "Inferior" (Argentina and Paraguay) seems to carry little sediment. The large loads of the "Alto" and "Superior" must be considered before dams or irrigation projects are started. The shifting channel and flooding of the Río Pilcomayo "Superior" also are problems to be considered before development. The Río Pilcomayo "Alto" <span class="hlt">basin</span> has relatively little deposition whereas the "Superior" <span class="hlt">basin</span> has considerable deposition. A part of the "Superior" channel is filled with sediment to the top of its banks. The upstream limit of filling is moving farther upstream each year causing the place of overbank flooding to move upstream also.More data must be collected and more observations made before a complete analysis of the sediment movement in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> can be made.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050169793&hterms=planetary+science&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D70%26Ntt%3Dplanetary%2Bscience','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050169793&hterms=planetary+science&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D70%26Ntt%3Dplanetary%2Bscience"><span>Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 10</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p></p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>The Problem of Incomplete Mixing of Interstellar Components in the Solar Nebula: Very High Precision Isotopic Measurements with Isoprobes P and T. Finally: Presolar Graphite Grains Identified in Orgueil. Basaltic Ring Structures as an Analog for Ring Features in Athabasca Valles, Mars. Experimental Studies of the Water Sorption Properties of Mars-Relevant Porous Minerals and Sulfates. Silicon Isotope Ratio Variations in CAI Evaporation Residues Measured by Laser Ablation Multicollector ICPMS. Crater Count Chronology and Timing of Ridged Plains Emplacement at Schiaparelli <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Mars. Martian Valley Networks and Associated Fluvial Features as Seen by the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC). Fast-Turnoff Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) Field Study at the Mars Analog Site of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain. Time Domain Electromagnetics for Mapping Mineralized and Deep Groundwater in Mars Analog Environments. Mineralogical and Seismological Models of the Lunar Mantle. Photometric Observations of Soils and Rocks at the Mars Exploration Rover Landing Sites. Thermal Infrared Spectral Deconvolution of Experimentally Shocked Basaltic Rocks Using Experimentally Shocked Plagioclase Endmembers.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16149972','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16149972"><span>Revisiting a classification scheme for U.S.-Mexico alluvial <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hibbs, Barry J; Darling, Bruce K</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>Intermontane <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Trans-Pecos region of westernmost Texas and northern Chihuahua, Mexico, are target areas for disposal of interstate municipal sludge and have been identified as possible disposal sites for low-level radioactive waste. Understanding ground water movement within and between these <span class="hlt">basins</span> is needed to assess potential contaminant fate and movement. Four associated <span class="hlt">basin</span> aquifers are evaluated and classified; the Red Light Draw Aquifer, the Northwest Eagle Flat Aquifer, the Southeast Eagle Flat Aquifer, and the El Cuervo Aquifer. Encompassed on all but one side by mountains and local divides, the Red Light Draw Aquifer has the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande as an outlet for both surface drainage and ground water discharge. The river juxtaposed against its southern edge, the <span class="hlt">basin</span> is classified as a topographically open, through-flowing <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The Northwest Eagle Flat Aquifer is classified as a topographically closed and drained <span class="hlt">basin</span> because surface drainage is to the interior of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and ground water discharge occurs by interbasin ground water flow. Mountains and ground water divides encompass this <span class="hlt">basin</span> aquifer on all sides; yet, depth to ground water in the interior of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> is commonly >500 feet. Negligible ground water discharge within the <span class="hlt">basin</span> indicates that ground water discharges from the <span class="hlt">basin</span> by vertical flow and underflow to a surrounding <span class="hlt">basin</span> or <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The most likely mode of discharge is by vertical, cross-formational flow to underlying Permian rocks that are more porous and permeable and subsequent flow along regional flowpaths beneath local ground water divides. The Southeast Eagle Flat Aquifer is classified as a topographically open and drained <span class="hlt">basin</span> because surface drainage and ground water discharge are to the adjacent Wildhorse Flat area. Opposite the Eagle Flat and Red Light Draw aquifers is the El Cuervo Aquifer of northern Chihuahua, Mexico. The El Cuervo Aquifer has interior drainage to Laguna El Cuervo, which is a phreatic</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..157F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..157F"><span>Some Ecological Mechanisms to Generate Habitability in Planetary Subsurface Areas by Chemolithotrophic Communities: The Ro <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Subsurface Ecosystem as a Model System</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Fernández-Remolar, David C.; Gómez, Felipe; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Schelble, Rachel T.; Rodríguez, Nuria; Amiols, Ricardo</p> <p>2008-02-01</p> <p>Chemolithotrophic communities that colonize subsurface habitats have great relevance for the astrobiological exploration of our Solar System. We hypothesize that the chemical and thermal stabilization of an environment through microbial activity could make a given planetary region habitable. The MARTE project ground-truth drilling campaigns that sampled cryptic subsurface microbial communities in the basement of the Ro <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> headwaters have shown that acidic surficial habitats are the result of the microbial oxidation of pyritic ores. The oxidation process is exothermic and releases heat under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These microbial communities can maintain the subsurface habitat temperature through storage heat if the subsurface temperature does not exceed their maximum growth temperature. In the acidic solutions of the Ro <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, ferric iron acts as an effective buffer for controlling water pH. Under anaerobic conditions, ferric iron is the oxidant used by microbes to decompose pyrite through the production of sulfate, ferrous iron, and protons. The integration between the physical and chemical processes mediated by microorganisms with those driven by the local geology and hydrology have led us to hypothesize that thermal and chemical regulation mechanisms exist in this environment and that these homeostatic mechanisms could play an essential role in creating habitable areas for other types of microorganisms. Therefore, searching for the physicochemical expression of extinct and extant homeostatic mechanisms through physical and chemical anomalies in the Mars crust (i.e., local thermal gradient or high concentration of unusual products such as ferric sulfates precipitated out from acidic solutions produced by hypothetical microbial communities) could be a first step in the search for biological traces of a putative extant or extinct Mars biosphere.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=254087','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=254087"><span>Economic implications for the biological control of Arundo donax: <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Giant reed, Arundo donax L., is a large bamboo-like plant native to the Mediterranean region. It has invaded several thousand hectares of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande riparian habitat in Texas and Mexico. The United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) is investigating four ...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=245978','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=245978"><span>Economic implications for the biological control of Arundo donax: <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Giant reed, Arundo donax L., is a large, bamboo-like plant native to the Mediterranean region. It has invaded several thousand hectares of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande riparian habitat in Texas and Mexico. The United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) is investigating four...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26624457','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26624457"><span>A new species of Pareiorhaphis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the headwaters of the Arroio Garapiá, coastal drainage of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul state, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Pereira, Edson H L; Lehmann, Pablo A; Schvambach, Lucas J; Reis, Roberto E</p> <p>2015-10-30</p> <p>Pareiorhaphis garapia, new species, is described based on specimens collected in the headwaters of the Arroio Garapiá, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Maquiné <span class="hlt">basin</span>, a coastal drainage of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all other Pareiorhaphis species in having the nuchal plate covered by thick skin, the exposed posterior process of the cleithrum comparatively narrow, and the last segment of the preopercular ramus of the latero-sensory canal reduced to an ossified tubule. The absence of a dorsal-fin spinelet, the reduced number of plates in the dorsal and mid-dorsal series of lateral plates, and morphometric traits also distinguish the new species from its congeners. The restricted geographic distribution of P. garapia, endemic to a headwater stream of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Maquiné <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and the syntopic occurrence of P. nudulus are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5032/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5032/"><span>Quality of water and sediment in streams affected by historical mining, and quality of Mine Tailings, in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Big Bend Area of the United States and Mexico, August 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Lambert, Rebecca B.; Kolbe, Christine M.; Belzer, Wayne</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the International Boundary and Water Commission - U.S. and Mexican Sections, the National Park Service, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, the Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales in Mexico, the Area de Proteccion de Flora y Fauna Canon de Santa Elena in Mexico, and the Area de Proteccion de Flora y Fauna Maderas del Carmen in Mexico, collected samples of stream water, streambed sediment, and mine tailings during August 2002 for a study to determine whether trace elements from abandoned mines in the area in and around Big Bend National Park have affected the water and sediment quality in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of the United States and Mexico. Samples were collected from eight sites on the main stem of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo, four <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo tributary sites downstream from abandoned mines or mine-tailing sites, and 11 mine-tailing sites. Mines in the area were operated to produce fluorite, germanium, iron, lead, mercury, silver, and zinc during the late 1800s through at least the late 1970s. Moderate (relatively neutral) pHs in stream-water samples collected at the 12 <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo main-stem and tributary sites indicate that water is well mixed, diluted, and buffered with respect to the solubility of trace elements. The highest sulfate concentrations were in water samples from tributaries draining the Terlingua mining district. Only the sample from the Rough Run Draw site exceeded the Texas Surface Water Quality Standards general-use protection criterion for sulfate. All chloride and dissolved solids concentrations in water samples were less than the general-use protection criteria. Aluminum, copper, mercury, nickel, selenium, and zinc were detected in all water samples for which each element was analyzed. Cadmium, chromium, and lead were detected in samples less frequently, and silver was not detected in any of the samples. None of the sample concentrations of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18237256','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18237256"><span>Some ecological mechanisms to generate habitability in planetary subsurface areas by chemolithotrophic communities: the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> subsurface ecosystem as a model system.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Fernández-Remolar, David C; Gómez, Felipe; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Schelble, Rachel T; Rodríguez, Nuria; Amils, Ricardo</p> <p>2008-02-01</p> <p>Chemolithotrophic communities that colonize subsurface habitats have great relevance for the astrobiological exploration of our Solar System. We hypothesize that the chemical and thermal stabilization of an environment through microbial activity could make a given planetary region habitable. The MARTE project ground-truth drilling campaigns that sampled cryptic subsurface microbial communities in the basement of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> headwaters have shown that acidic surficial habitats are the result of the microbial oxidation of pyritic ores. The oxidation process is exothermic and releases heat under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These microbial communities can maintain the subsurface habitat temperature through storage heat if the subsurface temperature does not exceed their maximum growth temperature. In the acidic solutions of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, ferric iron acts as an effective buffer for controlling water pH. Under anaerobic conditions, ferric iron is the oxidant used by microbes to decompose pyrite through the production of sulfate, ferrous iron, and protons. The integration between the physical and chemical processes mediated by microorganisms with those driven by the local geology and hydrology have led us to hypothesize that thermal and chemical regulation mechanisms exist in this environment and that these homeostatic mechanisms could play an essential role in creating habitable areas for other types of microorganisms. Therefore, searching for the physicochemical expression of extinct and extant homeostatic mechanisms through physical and chemical anomalies in the Mars crust (i.e., local thermal gradient or high concentration of unusual products such as ferric sulfates precipitated out from acidic solutions produced by hypothetical microbial communities) could be a first step in the search for biological traces of a putative extant or extinct Mars biosphere.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70173795','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70173795"><span>Geographic distribution of genetic diversity in populations of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Chub Gila pandora</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Galindo, Rene; Wilson, Wade; Caldwell, Colleen A.</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>In the southwestern United States (US), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande chub (Gila pandora) is state-listed as a fish species of greatest conservation need and federally listed as sensitive due to habitat alterations and competition with non-native fishes. Characterizing genetic diversity, genetic population structure, and effective number of breeders will assist with conservation efforts by providing a baseline of genetic metrics. Genetic relatedness within and among G. pandora populations throughout New Mexico was characterized using 11 microsatellite loci among 15 populations in three drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Pecos, Canadian). Observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.71–0.87 and was similar to expected heterozygosity (0.75–0.87). <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ojo Caliente (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande) had the highest allelic richness (AR = 15.09), while Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bonito (Pecos) had the lowest allelic richness (AR = 6.75). Genetic differentiation existed among all populations with the lowest genetic variation occurring within the Pecos drainage. STRUCTURE analysis revealed seven genetic clusters. Populations of G. pandora within the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande drainage (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ojo Caliente, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Vallecitos, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Pueblo de Taos) had high levels of admixture with Q-values ranging from 0.30–0.50. In contrast, populations within the Pecos drainage (Pecos River and Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bonito) had low levels of admixture (Q = 0.94 and 0.87, respectively). Estimates of effective number of breeders (N b ) varied from 6.1 (Pecos: Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bonito) to 109.7 (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande: <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Peñasco) indicating that populations in the Pecos drainage are at risk of extirpation. In the event that management actions are deemed necessary to preserve or increase genetic diversity of G. pandora, consideration must be given as to which populations are selected for translocation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70000526','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70000526"><span>Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Hudson, M.R.; Grauch, V.J.S.; Minor, S.A.</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>Variations in rock magnetic properties are responsible for the many linear, short-wavelength, low-amplitude magnetic anomalies that are spatially associated with faults that cut Neogene <span class="hlt">basin</span> sediments in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, including the San Ysidro normal fault, which is well exposed in the northern part of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Magnetic-susceptibility measurements from 310 sites distributed through a 1200-m-thick composite section of rift-filling sediments of the Santa Fe Group and prerift Eocene and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks document large variations of magnetic properties juxtaposed by the San Ysidro fault. Mean volume magnetic susceptibilities generally increase upsection through eight map units: from 1.7 to 2.2E-4 in the prerift Eocene and Cretaceous rocks to 9.9E-4-1.2E-3 in three members of the Miocene Zia Formation of the Santa Fe Group to 1.5E-3-3.5E-3 in three members of the Miocene-Pleistocene Arroyo Ojito Formation of the Santa Fe Group. Rock magnetic measurements and petrography indicate that the amount of detrital magnetite and its variable oxidation to maghemite and hematite within the Santa Fe Group sediments are the predominant controls of their magnetic property variations. Magnetic susceptibility increases progressively with sediment grain size within the members of the Arroyo Ojito Formation (deposited in fluvial environments) but within members of the Zia Formation (deposited in mostly eolian environments) reaches highest values in fine to medium sands. Partial oxidation of detrital magnetite is spatially associated with calcite cementation in the Santa Fe Group. Both oxidation and cementation probably reflect past flow of groundwater through permeable zones. Magnetic models for geologic cross sections that incorporate mean magnetic susceptibilities for the different stratigraphic units mimic the aeromagnetic profiles across the San Ysidro fault and demonstrate that the stratigraphic level of dominant magnetic contrast changes with</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMED13B0774G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFMED13B0774G"><span>Cooperation on Climate Services in the Binational <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Garfin, G. M.; Shafer, M. A.; Brown, D. P.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Bravo River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (RGB) of the United States and México is exposed to tornadoes, severe storms, hurricanes, winter storms, wildfire, and drought. The combination of these weather and climate-related hazards has resulted in impacts, such as wildfire, crop loss, water supply reduction, and flooding, with exceedingly high economic costs ($13 billion in 2011). In order to contribute to increased binational information flow and knowledge exchange in the region, we have developed a prototype quarterly bilingual RGB Climate Outlook, in PDF, supplemented by Twitter messages and Facebook posts. The goal of the project is to improve coordination between institutions in the U.S. and Mexico, increase awareness about climate variations, their impacts and costs to society, and build capacity for enhanced hazard preparedness. The RGB Outlook features a synthesis of climate products, impact data and analysis, is expressed in user-friendly language, and relies substantially on visual communication in contrast to text. The RGB Outlook is co-produced with colleagues in the U.S. and Mexico, in conjunction with the North American Climate Services Partnership (NACSP) and NOAA's regional climate services program. NACSP is a tri-national initiative to develop and deliver drought-based climate services in order to assist water resource managers, agricultural interests, and other constituents as they prepare for future drought events and build capacity to respond to other climate extremes. The RGB Climate Outlook builds on lessons learned from the Climate Assessment for the Southwest (CLIMAS) Southwest Climate Outlook (PDF, html), La Niña Drought Tracker (PDF, html), the Southern Climate Impacts Policy Program (SCIPP) Managing Drought in the Southern Plains webinar series, the Border Climate Summary (PDF), and Transborder Climate newsletter (PDF) and webinar series. The latter two have been the only regularly occurring bilingual climate information products in the U</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034040/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034040/"><span>Simulated effects of ground-water management scenarios on the Santa Fe group aquifer system, Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Mexico, 2001-40</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Bexfield, Laura M.; McAda, Douglas P.</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>Future conditions in the Santa Fe Group aquifer system through 2040 were simulated using the most recent revision of the U.S. Geological Survey groundwater- flow model for the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Three simulations were performed to investigate the likely effects of different scenarios of future groundwater pumping by the City of Albuquerque on the ground-water system. For simulation I, pumping was held constant at known year-2000 rates. For simulation II, pumping was increased to simulate the use of pumping to meet all projected city water demand through 2040. For simulation III, pumpingwas reduced in accordance with a plan by the City of Albuquerque to use surfacewater to meet most of the projectedwater demand. The simulations indicate that for each of the three pumping scenarios, substantial additional watertable declines would occur in some areas of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> through 2040. However, the reduced pumping scenario of simulation III also results in water-table rise over a broad area of the city. All three scenarios indicate that the contributions of aquifer storage and river leakage to the ground-water system would change between 2000 and 2040. Comparisons among the results for simulations I, II, and III indicate that the various pumping scenarios have substantially different effects on water-level declines in the Albuquerque area and on the contribution of each water-budget component to the total budget for the ground-water system. Between 2000 and 2040, water-level declines for continued pumping at year-2000 rates are as much as 120 feet greater than for reduced pumping; water-level declines for increased pumping to meet all projected city demand are as much as 160 feet greater. Over the same time period, reduced pumping results in retention in aquifer storage of about 1,536,000 acre-feet of ground water as compared with continued pumping at year- 2000 rates and of about 2,257,000 acre-feet as compared with increased pumping. The quantity of water retained in</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4174/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4174/report.pdf"><span>Reconnaissance of hydrology, land use, ground-water chemistry, and effects of land use on ground-water chemistry in the Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">basin</span>, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Anderholm, S.K.</p> <p>1987-01-01</p> <p>In 1984, the U.S. Geological Survey began regional assessments of groundwater contamination in 14 areas, one of which was the Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Groundwater recharge occurs along the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margins. Groundwater discharge occurs as evapotranspiration in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley, pumpage, and groundwater flow to the Socorro <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Open-space land use, which primarily is used for grazing livestock, occupies the majority of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. In the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley, agricultural and residential land uses are predominant; in the area near Albuquerque, the land also is used for commercial, institutional , and industrial purposes. The Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">basin</span> was divided into seven zones on the basis of water chemistry. These water-chemistry zones indicate that large variations in water chemistry exist in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> as the result of natural processes. Groundwater in the majority of the Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">basin</span> has a relatively low susceptibility to contamination because the depth to water is > 100 ft and there is virtually no natural mechanism for recharge to the groundwater system. Groundwater in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley has a relatively high susceptibility to contamination because the depth to water is generally < 30 ft and there are many types of recharge to the groundwater system. Changes in land use may cause changes in the chemical composition of recharge to the groundwater system. The relatively large concentrations of dissolved iron in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley near Albuquerque may result from the change from agricultural land use to residential land use. Recharge associated with agricultural land use is relatively oxidized because the water is in equilibrium with the atmosphere, whereas recharge associated with residential land use (onsite waste-disposal effluent) is relatively reduced and has larger concentrations of organic carbon, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand. The constituents in the onsite waste-disposal effluent could cause reducing conditions in</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196253','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17196253"><span>Acid mine drainage pollution in the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel rivers (Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Spain) and bioavailability of the transported metals to the Huelva Estuary.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Nieto, José Miguel; Sarmiento, Aguasanta M; Olías, Manuel; Canovas, Carlos R; Riba, Inmaculada; Kalman, Judit; Delvalls, T Angel</p> <p>2007-05-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel rivers are seriously affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) from the long-term mining activities in Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). As a consequence, the Huelva estuary is heavily contaminated by metals and metalloids. This study presents an estimation of the seasonal variation, and the dissolved contaminant load transported by both rivers from February 2002 to September 2004. Besides, toxicity and bioaccumulation tests with the sediments of the estuary have been conducted in order to measure the mobility of the toxic metals. Results show that the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel rivers transport enormous quantities of dissolved metals to the estuary: 7900 t yr(-1) of Iron (Fe), 5800 t yr(-1) Aluminium (Al), 3500 t yr(-1) Zinc (Zn), 1700 t yr(-1) Copper (Cu), 1600 t yr(-1) Manganese (Mn) and minor quantities of other metals and metalloids. These values represent 37% of the global gross flux of dissolved Zn transported by rivers in to the ocean, and 15% of the global gross flux of dissolved Cu. These metals and metalloids usually sink in the estuarine sediments due to pH and salinity changes. The increase of salinity in the estuary favours the adsorption and trapping of metals. For this reason, the mobility and bioavailability of metals such as Zn, Cd and Cu is higher in sediments located in the area of fresh water influence that in sediments located in the marine influenced area of the estuary, showing a higher percentage of fractionation and bioaccumulation of these metals in the station influenced by the fresh water environment.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/report.pdf"><span>Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, central New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Bartolino, James R.; Niswonger, Richard G.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>An important gap in the understanding of the hydrology of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico, is the rate at which water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande recharges the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Several methodologies-including use of the Glover-Balmer equation, flood pulses, and channel permeameters- have been applied to this problem in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. In the work presented here, ground-water temperature profiles and ground-water levels beneath the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande were measured and numerically simulated at four sites. The direction and rate of vertical ground-water flux between the river and underlying aquifer was simulated and the effective vertical hydraulic conductivity of the sediments underlying the river was estimated through model calibration. Seven sets of nested piezometers were installed during July and August 1996 at four sites along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in the Albuquerque area, though only four of the piezometer nests were simulated. In downstream order, these four sites are (1) the Bernalillo site, upstream from the New Mexico State Highway 44 bridge in Bernalillo (piezometer nest BRN02); (2) the Corrales site, upstream from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Rancho sewage treatment plant in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Rancho (COR01); (3) the Paseo del Norte site, upstream from the Paseo del Norte bridge in Albuquerque (PDN01); and (4) the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo site, upstream from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo bridge in Albuquerque (RBR01). All piezometers were completed in the inner-valley alluvium of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Ground-water levels and temperatures were measured in the four piezometer nests a total of seven times in the 24-month period from September 1996 through August 1998. The flux between the surface- and ground-water systems at each of the field sites was quantified by one-dimensional numerical simulation of the water and heat exchange in the subsurface using the heat and water transport model VS2DH. Model calibration was aided by the use of PEST, a model-independent computer program that uses</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70045790','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70045790"><span>Restoring a stream, restoring a community-urban watershed restoration fosters community improvement</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Thomas, Catherine Cullinane; Myrick, Elizabeth</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The Anacostia Watershed lies within the Chesapeake By drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and is one of the most urban watersheds within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. According to the Fish and Wildlife Service, the watershed spans over 175 square miles\tbetween Maryland and the District of Columbia and is considered by many to be one of the most\tdegraded waterways in the United States. Watts Branch is a tributary stream\tof the Anacostia River, and flows\<span class="hlt">tinto</span> the Potomac River which eventually\tempties into the Chesapeake Bay</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JSG...107..132N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JSG...107..132N"><span>Development of cataclastic foliation in deformation bands in feldspar-rich conglomerates of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Peixe <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, NE Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Nicchio, Matheus A.; Nogueira, Francisco C. C.; Balsamo, Fabrizio; Souza, Jorge A. B.; Carvalho, Bruno R. B. M.; Bezerra, Francisco H. R.</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>In this work we describe the deformation mechanisms and processes that occurred during the evolution of cataclastic deformation bands developed in the feldspar-rich conglomerates of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Peixe <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, NE Brazil. We studied bands with different deformation intensities, ranging from single cm-thick tabular bands to more evolved clustering zones. The chemical identification of cataclastic material within deformation bands was performed using compositional mapping in SEM images, EDX and XRD analyses. Deformation processes were identified by microstructural analysis and by the quantification of comminution intensity, performed using digital image processing. The deformation bands are internally non homogeneous and developed during five evolutionary stages: (1) moderate grain size reduction, grain rotation and grain border comminution; (2) intense grain size reduction with preferential feldspar fragmentation; (3) formation of subparallel C-type slip zones; (4) formation of S-type structures, generating S-C-like fabric; and (5) formation of C‧-type slip zones, generating well-developed foliation that resembles S-C-C‧-type structures in a ductile environment. Such deformation fabric is mostly imparted by the preferential alignment of intensely comminuted feldspar fragments along thin slip zones developed within deformation bands. These processes were purely mechanical (i.e., grain crushing and reorientation). No clays or fluids were involved in such processes.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28510780','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28510780"><span>Design and Testing of a New Diatom-Based Index for Heavy Metal Pollution.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Fernández, M R; Martín, G; Corzo, J; de la Linde, A; García, E; López, M; Sousa, M</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel river <span class="hlt">basins</span> (SW Spain) are known worldwide for their unique water characteristics. Such uniqueness is a consequence of their flow through the Iberian Pyrite Belt (an area rich in metal sulphides) and the mining activities in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. A process of sulphide oxidation occurs in this region, which acidifies the water and increases the amount of heavy metals in it. As a result, the rivers suffer the so-called "acid mine drainage" (AMD). Traditional biotic diatom-based indexes (IPS, IBD, EPI-D, etc.) do not take into account the pollution caused by AMD. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new diatom-based index which can serve as a useful and quick monitoring tool. Such tool must reflect the level of AMD while being user friendly. We present the development and validation of the ICM (Índice de Contaminación por Metales or Metal Pollution Index). ICM demonstrated to meet successfully the above criteria and, therefore, can assess water quality in the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel Rivers. In addition, ICM was applied with satisfactory results in the Guadiamar River (SW Spain), which was subjected to AMD too. Thus, we propose to make use of it in any other <span class="hlt">basin</span> with the same type of pollution.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_9");'>9</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li class="active"><span>11</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_11 --> <div id="page_12" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li class="active"><span>12</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="221"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JSG...110..155C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JSG...110..155C"><span>Jointing patterns and tectonic evolution of the Maciço Calcá<span class="hlt">rio</span> Estremenho, Lusitanian <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Portugal</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Carvalho, Jorge M. F.</p> <p>2018-05-01</p> <p>The Maciço Calcá<span class="hlt">rio</span> Estremenho (MCE) is an uplifted Jurassic limestone massif unit of the Lusitanian <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Portugal, where five main joint sets trending NNE-SSW, WSW-ENE, WNW-ESE, NW-SE, and NNW-SSE are recognized. Except for the NNW-SSE set, all the other sets host calcite veins and barren joints, evidencing a multistage development by several deformation episodes, including shear reactivation. Orthogonal patterns defined by the NNE-SSW/WNW-ESE and NNW-SSE/WSW-ENE systems are characteristic of some tectonostratigraphic units of the MCE, but the sets of each one of the systems are genetically independent. They result from specific deformation episodes undergone by the studied area in the course of its Meso-Cenozoic evolution. NNE-SSW calcite veins were the first to form during Middle Jurassic fault-controlled subsidence. A renewal of this set as barren joints took place during the Eocene Pyrenean compressive phase. The WSW-ENE and WNW-ESE sets have a restricted spatial distribution and relate to transient compressive episodes of the Middle - Late Jurassic and Jurassic - Cretaceous transitions, respectively. The NW-SE set, also characteristic of a specific region, formed during the Late Jurassic rifting and is related to local NE-SW tension dependent on block tilting towards a major NW-SE fault. The Miocene Betic compressive phase is responsible for the formation of the NNW-SSE set, which is widespread throughout the MCE.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ESD.....8..439E','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ESD.....8..439E"><span>Evapotranspiration seasonality across the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Eiji Maeda, Eduardo; Ma, Xuanlong; Wagner, Fabien Hubert; Kim, Hyungjun; Oki, Taikan; Eamus, Derek; Huete, Alfredo</p> <p>2017-06-01</p> <p>Evapotranspiration (ET) of Amazon forests is a main driver of regional climate patterns and an important indicator of ecosystem functioning. Despite its importance, the seasonal variability of ET over Amazon forests, and its relationship with environmental drivers, is still poorly understood. In this study, we carry out a water balance approach to analyse seasonal patterns in ET and their relationships with water and energy drivers over five sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> across the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. We used in situ measurements of river discharge, and remotely sensed estimates of terrestrial water storage, rainfall, and solar radiation. We show that the characteristics of ET seasonality in all sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> differ in timing and magnitude. The highest mean annual ET was found in the northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro <span class="hlt">basin</span> (˜ 1497 mm year-1) and the lowest values in the Solimões River <span class="hlt">basin</span> (˜ 986 mm year-1). For the first time in a <span class="hlt">basin</span>-scale study, using observational data, we show that factors limiting ET vary across climatic gradients in the Amazon, confirming local-scale eddy covariance studies. Both annual mean and seasonality in ET are driven by a combination of energy and water availability, as neither rainfall nor radiation alone could explain patterns in ET. In southern <span class="hlt">basins</span>, despite seasonal rainfall deficits, deep root water uptake allows increasing rates of ET during the dry season, when radiation is usually higher than in the wet season. We demonstrate contrasting ET seasonality with satellite greenness across Amazon forests, with strong asynchronous relationships in ever-wet watersheds, and positive correlations observed in seasonally dry watersheds. Finally, we compared our results with estimates obtained by two ET models, and we conclude that neither of the two tested models could provide a consistent representation of ET seasonal patterns across the Amazon.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.C53A1007S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.C53A1007S"><span>Changes in the relation between snow station observations and <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale snow water resources</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sexstone, G. A.; Penn, C. A.; Clow, D. W.; Moeser, D.; Liston, G. E.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>Snow monitoring stations that measure snow water equivalent or snow depth provide fundamental observations used for predicting water availability and flood risk in mountainous regions. In the western United States, snow station observations provided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) network are relied upon for forecasting spring and summer streamflow volume. Streamflow forecast accuracy has declined for many regions over the last several decades. Changes in snow accumulation and melt related to climate, land use, and forest cover are not accounted for in current forecasts, and are likely sources of error. Therefore, understanding and updating relations between snow station observations and <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale snow water resources is crucial to improve accuracy of streamflow prediction. In this study, we investigated the representativeness of snow station observations when compared to simulated <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide snow water resources within the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande headwaters of Colorado. We used the combination of a process-based snow model (SnowModel), field-based measurements, and remote sensing observations to compare the spatiotemporal variability of simulated <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide snow accumulation and melt with that of SNOTEL station observations. Results indicated that observations are comparable to simulated <span class="hlt">basin</span>-average winter precipitation but overestimate both the simulated <span class="hlt">basin</span>-average snow water equivalent and snowmelt rate. Changes in the representation of snow station observations over time in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande headwaters were also investigated and compared to observed streamflow and streamflow forecasting errors. Results from this study provide important insight in the context of non-stationarity for future water availability assessments and streamflow predictions.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/623/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/623/"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2010</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25-40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande began being treated and integrated into the system. An increase of about 20 percent in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> human population from 1990 to 2000 and about a 22 percent increase from 2000 to 2010 also resulted in an increased demand for water. A network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from April 1982 through September 1983. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2010), the network consists of 124 wells and piezometers (a piezometer is a small-diameter subwell usually nested within a larger well). To better help the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority manage water use, this report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at those 124 sites through water year 2010.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1228/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1228/"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2009</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.; Torres, Leeanna T.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompass the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande began being treated and integrated into the system. An increase of about 20 percent in the population from 1990 to 2000 also resulted in an increased demand for water. A network of wells was established to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from April 1982 through September 1983. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2009), the network consists of 131 wells and piezometers. This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at 123 sites through water year 2009. In addition, data from four wells (Sites 140, 147, 148, and 149) owned, maintained, and measured by Sandia National Laboratories and three from Kirtland Air Force Base (Sites 119, 125, and 126) are presented in this report.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860053057&hterms=bouguer&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D30%26Ntt%3Dbouguer','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860053057&hterms=bouguer&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D30%26Ntt%3Dbouguer"><span>Structure of the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift from gravity interpretation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Daggett, P. H.; Keller, G. R.; Wen, C.-L.; Morgan, P.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>Regional Bouguer gravity anomalies in southern New Mexico have been analyzed by two-dimensional wave number filtering and poly-nomial trend surface analysis of the observed gravity field. A prominent, regional oval-shaped positive gravity anomaly was found to be associated with the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. Computer modeling of three regional gravity profiles suggests that this anomaly is due to crustal thinning beneath the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. These models indicate a 25 to 26-km minimum crustal thickness within the rift and suggest that the rift is underlain by a broad zone of anomalously low-density upper mantle. The southern terminus of the anomalous zone is approximately 50 km southwest of El Paso, Texas. A thinning of the rifted crust of 2-3 km relative to the adjacent <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range province indicates an extension of about 9 percent during the formation of the modern southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. This extension estimate is consistent with estimates from other data sources. The crustal thinning and anomalous mantle is thought to result from magmatic activity related to surface volcanism and high heat flow in this area.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA362834','DTIC-ST'); return false;" href="http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA362834"><span>JPRS Report, Latin America</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.dtic.mil/">DTIC Science & Technology</a></p> <p></p> <p>1988-04-28</p> <p>vision en Chile : un desafio nacional" [Television in Chile : a National Challenge], which was published by the Development Studies Center (CED) and...through its subsid- iary’ Minera Utah dc Chile , Inc.; <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Zinc ( En - glish), with 30 percent of the rights through its subsidiary RTZ Escondida...19 CHILE Undecided Voters in Plebiscite Analyzed 21 Television Election Programming, Reporting Viewed Critically 22 Latest Inflation Figures</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014EGUGA..16.3494P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014EGUGA..16.3494P"><span>Evaluation of climate change effects on the hydrology of a medium-sized Mediterranean <span class="hlt">basin</span> affected by data sparseness</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Piras, Monica; Mascaro, Giuseppe; Deidda, Roberto; Vivoni, Enrique R.</p> <p>2014-05-01</p> <p>Many studies based on global and regional climate models agree on the prediction that the Mediterranean area will be most likely affected by climate changes with consequent reduced water availability and intensified hydrologic extremes. This study evaluates the effects of climate changes on the hydrologic response of a medium-sized Mediterranean <span class="hlt">basin</span> through downscaling techniques and hydrologic simulations. The watershed is the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Mannu at Monastir <span class="hlt">basin</span> (473 km2), located in an agricultural area of southern Sardinia, Italy, which has suffered drought issues in the last decades. It is one of the seven study cases of a multidisciplinary European research project, CLIMB (Climate Induced Changes on the Hydrology of Mediterranean <span class="hlt">Basins</span>). In such <span class="hlt">basins</span>, characterized by strong climate variability and by a complex hydrologic response, process based distributed hydrologic models, DHMs, combined with regional climate models, RCMs, and downscaling techniques can help in the evaluation of the local impacts of climate change on water resources decreasing the uncertainty. Since the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Mannu <span class="hlt">basin</span> is affected by data sparseness (meteorological and streamflow data are collected in non overlapping time periods and at diverse time resolutions), two statistical downscaling strategies for precipitation and potential evapotranspiration have been designed which allow to obtain the high-resolution input data required for the calibration of our hydrologic model, the TIN-based Real time Integrated <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Simulator (tRIBS). We show how the DHM has been calibrated and validated with reasonable accuracy using the disaggregation tools. Next, the same downscaling algorithms have been used to fill the resolution discrepancy between RCMs and the hydrologic model. The outputs of four RCMs, selected as the best performing and bias corrected within the CLIMB project, have been downscaled and used to force the tRIBS during a reference (1971-2000) and a future (2041-2070) period. Several hydro</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20153577','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20153577"><span>Field rates for natural attenuation of arsenic in <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Santa Rosa acid mine drainage (SW Spain).</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Asta, Maria P; Ayora, Carlos; Acero, Patricia; Cama, Jordi</p> <p>2010-05-15</p> <p>Reactive transport modelling of the main processes related to the arsenic natural attenuation observed in the acid mine drainage (AMD) impacted stream of <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Santa Rosa (SW Spain) was performed. Despite the simplicity of the kinetic expressions used to deal with arsenic attenuation processes, the model reproduced successfully the major chemical trends observed along the acid discharge. Results indicated that the rate of ferrous iron oxidation was similar to the one obtained in earlier field studies in which microbial catalysis is reported to occur. With regard to the scaled arsenic oxidation rate, it is one order of magnitude faster than the values obtained under laboratory conditions suggesting the existence of a catalytic agent in the natural system. Schwertmannite precipitation rate, which was represented by a simple kinetic expression relying on Fe(III) and pH, was in the range calculated for other AMD impacted sites. Finally, the obtained distribution coefficients used for representing arsenic sorption onto Fe(III) precipitates were lower than those deduced from reported laboratory data. This discrepancy is attributed to a decrease in the schwertmannite arsenate sorption capacity as sulphate increases in the solution. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGP43A1234F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGP43A1234F"><span>A Comparison of Resistivity Imaging Techniques Using 1D, 2D and 3D MT Inversions in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, NM</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Folsom, M.; Pepin, J.; Person, M. A.; Kelley, S.; Peacock, J.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Twelve magnetotelluric (MT) soundings were collected along a 40 km profile crossing the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift and a portion of the Socorro Magma Body (SMB). A comparison of 1D, 2D and 3D inverse models highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the respective methods. 2D inversion results are distorted by the 3D nature of the data at longer periods, producing conductive artifacts at depths greater than 3 km. We demonstrate through a 3D forward modelling exercise how it is possible to recreate this effect by placing large resistive and conductive features off of an otherwise perfectly 2D resistivity model. Investigators that image deep conductors using 2D inversion codes should consider the influence of off-axis 3D features. Interpretation of the models currently show no indication of the SMB, but outlines the geometry of syn-rift and pre-rift sediments at the "Socorro Constriction", the southern terminus of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. A strong, northward trending conductor 2-3 km deep and less than 2 ohm-m is coincident with the rift, creating a reversal of induction arrow direction at this point. This is interpreted as deep <span class="hlt">basin</span> brines, perhaps influenced by evaporates hosted in the Permian Abo and Yeso formations. It has been noted that <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande salinity increases in a stepwise manner, coincident with the terminal ends of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Our geophysical models suggest a possible connection between rift-bounding faults and deep sedimentary brines, which likely impact the water quality of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. Future work includes adding additional MT stations to better constrain off-axis features and their relationship to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12705921','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12705921"><span>A description of how metal pollution occurs in the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>-Odiel rias (Huelva-Spain) through the application of cluster analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Grande, J A; Borrego, J; Morales, J A; de la Torre, M L</p> <p>2003-04-01</p> <p>In the last few decades, the study of space-time distribution and variations of heavy metals in estuaries has been extensively studied as an environmental indicator. In the case described here, the combination of acid water from mines, industrial effluents and sea water plays a determining role in the evolutionary process of the chemical makeup of the water in the estuary of the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Odiel Rivers, located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Based on the statistical treatment of the data from the analysis of the water samples from this system, which has been affected by processes of industrial and mining pollution, the 16 variables analyzed can be grouped into two large families. Each family presents high, positive Pearson r values that suggest common origins (fluvial or sea) for the pollutants present in the water analyzed and allow their subsequent contrast through cluster analysis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/873/pdf/ds873.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/873/pdf/ds873.pdf"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2013</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25–40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when treatment and distribution of surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande began. A population increase of about 20 percent in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from 1990 to 2000 and a 22-percent increase from 2000 to 2010 resulted in an increased demand for water. An initial network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque from April 1982 through September 1983 to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2013), the network consists of 123 wells and piezometers. (A piezometer is a specialized well open to a specific depth in the aquifer, often of small diameter and nested with other piezometers open to different depths.) The USGS, in cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority, currently (2013) measures and reports water levels from the 123 wells and piezometers in the network; this report presents water-level data collected by USGS personnel at those 123 sites through water year 2013.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/790/pdf/Data%20Series%20790.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/790/pdf/Data%20Series%20790.pdf"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2012</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25-40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande began being treated and integrated into the system. A population increase of about 20 percent in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from 1990 to 2000 and a 22 percent increase from 2000 to 2010 resulted in an increased demand for water. An initial network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque from April 1982 through September 1983 to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2012), the network consists of 126 wells and piezometers. (A piezometer is a specialized well open to a specific depth in the aquifer, often of small diameter and nested with other piezometers open to different depths.) The USGS, in cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA), currently (2012) measures and reports water levels from the 126 wells and piezometers in the network; this report presents water-level data collected by USGS personnel at those 126 sites through water year 2012.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/714/ds714.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/714/ds714.pdf"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2011</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25–40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande began being treated and integrated into the system. An increase of about 20 percent in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> human population from 1990 to 2000 and of about 22 percent increase from 2000 to 2010 also resulted in an increased demand for water. A network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque from April 1982 through September 1983 to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2011), the network consists of 126 wells and piezometers (a piezometer is a specialized well open to a specific depth in the aquifer and is often of small diameter and nested with other piezometers open to different depths). This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at those 126 sites through water year 2011 to better help the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority manage water use.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860053056&hterms=refraction&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D40%26Ntt%3Drefraction','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860053056&hterms=refraction&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D40%26Ntt%3Drefraction"><span>Crustal structure of the Southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift determined from seismic refraction profiling</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Sinno, Y. A.; Keller, G. R.; Harder, S. H.; Daggett, P. H.; Morgan, P.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>As part of a major cooperative seismic experiment, a series of seismic refraction profiles have been recorded in south-central New Mexico with the goal of determining the crustal structure in the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. The data gathered greatly expand the seismic data base in the area, and consist of three interlocking regional profiles: a reversed E-W line across the rift, an unreversed N-S axial line, and an unreversed SW-SE line. The reversed E-W line shows no significant dip along the Moho (32 km thick crust) and a 7.7 km/s Pn velocity. Results from the N-S axial line and the NW-SE line indicate an apparent Pn velocity of 7.95 km/s and significant dip along the Moho with crustal thinning toward the south and southeast. When interpreted together, these data indicate a crustal thinning in the southern rift of 4-6 km with respect to the northern rift and the adjacent <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range province, and establish the regional Pn velocity to be approximately 7.7 km/s. These results suggest that the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift can be identified as a crustal feature separate and distinct from the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range province.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4006/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4006/report.pdf"><span>Plan of study to quantify the hydrologic relations between the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer system near Albuquerque, central New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>McAda, D.P.</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in central New Mexico covers an area of about 3,060 square miles. Ground water from the Santa Fe Group aquifer system of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is the principal source of water for municipal, domestic, commercial, and industrial uses in the Albuquerque area, an area of about 410 square miles. Ground- water withdrawal in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> has increased from about 97,000 acre-feet in 1970 to about 171,000 acre-feet in 1994. About 92 percent of the 1994 total was withdrawn in the Albuquerque area. Management of ground water in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is related to the surface water in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. Because the aquifer system is hydraulically connected to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and water in the river is fully appropriated, the ability to reliably estimate the effects of ground-water withdrawals on flow in the river is important. This report describes the components of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Santa Fe Group aquifer system in the Albuquerque area and the data availability and data and interpretation needs relating to those components, and presents a plan of study to quantify the hydrologic relations between the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. The information needs related to the components of the river/aquifer system are prioritized. Information that is necessary to improve the understanding or quantification of a component in the river/aquifer system is prioritized as essential. Information that could add additional understanding of the system, but would not be necessary to improve the quantification of the system, is prioritized as useful. The study elements are prioritized in the same manner as the information needs; study elements designed to provide information considered necessary to improve the quantification of the system are prioritized as essential, and those designed to provide information that would add additional understanding of the system, but would not be necessary to improve the quantification of the system, are prioritized as useful.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1130/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1130/"><span>Geologic and hydrogeologic framework of the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span> -- proceedings of the 4th annual Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, March 1-3, 2005</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>McKinney, Kevin C.</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>This report presents abstracts of technical studies that pertain to the hydrogeologic framework of the Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span>, a major subbasin of the Cenozoic <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. Sediments and interbedded volcanic rocks that fill the Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span> comprise an aquifer system that is an important source of water for many residents of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, including people in the cities of Santa Fe, Espa?ola, and Los Alamos as well as Native Americans in eleven Pueblos. The abstracts describe results of technical studies that were presented either as poster exhibits or oral presentations at the forth-annual Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span> workshop, held March 1-2 of 2005 in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The principal goal of this workshop was to share information about ongoing studies. The Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span> workshop was hosted by the Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span> technical advisory group (EBTAG) and sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and both the Water Research Technical Assistance Office and the Groundwater Protection Program of Los Alamos National Laboratory. Abstracts in this report have been grouped into six information themes: Basic Water Data, Water Quality and Water Chemistry, Water Balance and Stream/Aquifer Interaction, Data Integration and Hydrologic Model Testing, Three-Dimensional Hydrogeological Architecture, and Geologic Framework. Taken together, the abstracts in this report provide a view of the current status of hydrogeologic research within the Espa?ola <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..18.8201J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..18.8201J"><span>Possible role of Rhodotorula sp. in the formation of jarosite in the AMD environment of Muskau Arch, Poland</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Jakus, Natalia; Chlebicki, Andrzej; Bożęcki, Piotr; Manecki, Maciej</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>The Muskau Arch is situated in the west of Poland and in the east of Germany. This region is a belt formed by push and frontal moraines during the Middle-Polish (Riss) glaciation, especially during the Wartanian glaciation. The occurrence of glacier caused folding and forming the glacitectonic type of lignit deposits which were mined for over 150 years. Both open pit and underground mining methods has exposed metal sulfides (mainly pyrite) to air and water causing bio-oxidation. Due to this process the acidity of many reservoirs have increased significantly (pH values between 2 and 4). As a consequence of changes in the environment, new mineral phases precipitated from highly acid waters rich in, among others, various forms of Fe and S. Precipitation of ochreous minerals such as schwertmannite, goethite and jarosite was partly catalyzed by many various acidophilic and acid-tolerant microorganisms: bacteria, archaea and probably yeasts. Jarosite KFe33+(OH)6(SO4)2 can be precipitated both in abiotic conditions and as a by-product of the activity of living organisms. The example of biomineralization induced by fungi Purpureocillium lilacinum in similar AMD environment of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> is reported (Oggerin et al, 2014). Recently, jarosite is also considered as a possible biosignature of life on Mars. The assessment of microbial participation in formation of jarosite is an elementary step in geomicrobiological and astrobiological research. Isolated by us Rhodotorula sp. is an unicellular pigmented yeast. Fungi from the genus Rhodotorula F.C. Harrison belong to Sporidiobolalas part of phylum Basidiomycota. They are common environmental inhabitants. Some species, known from <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, can live in extreme acidic soils at pH of about 2 (Lopez-Archila et al, 2004). For the first time, authors isolated strain Rhodotorula sp. from surface precipitates in Ł ęknica region (Muskau Arch). This ochreous precipitate contains jarosite. The yeast might be an important factor in indirect</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26270210','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26270210"><span>Vascular epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest in the Sinos River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, state of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul, Brazil: richness, floristic composition and community structure.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Barbosa, M D; Becker, D F P; Cunha, S; Droste, A; Schmitt, J L</p> <p>2015-05-01</p> <p>The Atlantic Forest, which has a vast epiphytic richness, is a priority area for preservation, listed as one of the five most important world hotspots. Vascular epiphyte richness, composition and community structure were studied in two fragments, one of the ombrophilous (29º43'42"S and 50º22'00"W) and the other of the seasonal (29º40'54"S and 51º06'56"W) forest, both belonging to the Atlantic Forest biome in the Sinos River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul, Brazil. In each fragment, 40 trees, divided into four ecological zones, were analyzed. In each zone, the occurrence of the species was recorded, and the importance value of each species was calculated according to the frequency of phorophytes and intervals, and cover scores. The Shannon index was calculated for the two communities. In the fragment of the ombrophilous forest (F1), 30 epiphytic species were recorded, and in the seasonal forest (F2), 25. The highest importance value was found for Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) de la Sota in both fragments. The diversity indexes for F1 (H'=2.72) and F2 (H'=2.55) were similar and reflected the subtropical location of the areas. The decrease in mean richness in both fragments in zone 3 (internal crown) to zone 4 (external crown) may be associated with time and space availability for epiphyte occupation and microclimate variations. Exclusive species were found in the areas, which suggest that a greater number of preserved fragments may result in a greater number of preserved epiphytic species in the Sinos River <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMEP53A0995D','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMEP53A0995D"><span>Equilibrium and Disequilibrium of River <span class="hlt">Basins</span>: Effects on Stream Captures in Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>DA Silva, L. M.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Landscapes are mainly driven by river processes that control the dynamic reorganization of networks. Discovering and identifying whether river <span class="hlt">basins</span> are in geometric equilibrium or disequilibrium requires an analysis of water divides, channels that shift laterally or expand upstream and river captures. Issues specifically discussed include the variation of drainage area change and erosion rates of the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. In southeastern Brazil there are two main escarpments with extensive geomorphic surfaces: Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains. These landscapes are constituted of Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic rocks, presenting steep escarpments with low-elevation coastal plains and higher elevation interior plateaus. To identify whether river <span class="hlt">basins</span> and river profiles are in equilibrium or disequilibrium in Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains, we used the proxy (χ), evaluating the effect of drainage area change and erosion rates. We selected <span class="hlt">basins</span> that drain both sides of these two main escarpments (oceanic and continental sides) and have denudation rates derived from pre-existing cosmogenic isotopes data (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, Paraná and Minas Gerais). Despite being an ancient and tectonically stable landscape, part of the coastal plain of Serra do Mar Mountain in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro and Paraná is in geometric disequilibrium, with water divides moving in the direction of higher χ values. To achieve equilibrium, some <span class="hlt">basins</span> located in the continental side are retracting and disappearing, losing area to the coastal <span class="hlt">basins</span>. On the contrary, there are some adjacent sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> that are close to equilibrium, without strong contrasts in χ values. The same pattern was observed in Serra da Mantiqueira (Minas Gerais state), with stream captures and river network reorganization in its main rivers. The initial results suggest a strong contrast between erosion rates in the continental and the oceanic portions of the escarpments.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_10");'>10</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li class="active"><span>12</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_12 --> <div id="page_13" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li class="active"><span>13</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="241"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22342287','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22342287"><span>Lead contamination of the Seine River, France: geochemical implications of a historical perspective.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ayrault, Sophie; Roy-Barman, Matthieu; Le Cloarec, Marie-Françoise; Priadi, Cindy Rianti; Bonté, Philippe; Göpel, Christa</p> <p>2012-05-01</p> <p>Four sediment cores collected in the Seine River <span class="hlt">basin</span> and dated between 1916 and 2003 were analyzed for lead concentrations and isotopic composition. In all four cores, the measured Pb concentration (up to 460 mg kg(-1)) lies significantly above the natural background (27-40 mg kg(-1)), although a significant decrease (down to 75 mg kg(-1)) was observed during the second half of the 20th century which can be explained by the reduction of lead emissions. The (206)Pb/(207)Pb ratio measured in these samples indicates that the main source of Pb used in the Paris conurbation is characterized by a "<span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>" signature (defined as (206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.1634 ± 0.0001). A high contribution, up to 25%, from the leaded gasoline (characterized by (206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.08 ± 0.02) is revealed in the Seine River downstream Paris, indicating that lead from the leaded gasoline is preferentially released to the river. The dominating Pb signature in the Paris conurbation that is currently sampled through incinerators fumes ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.1550 ± 0.0005) and waste water treatment plant ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.154 ± 0.002), represents a mixture of highly recycled lead from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> mine and lead from leaded gasoline (imprinted by the low (206)Pb/(207)Pb of the Broken Hill mine). This signature is called "urban" rather than "industrial", because it is clearly distinct from the Pb that is found in areas contaminated by heavy industry, i.e. the heavy industries located on the Oise River which used lead from European ores characterized by high (206)Pb/(207)Pb ratios (~1.18-1.19) and possibly a minor amount of North American lead ((206)Pb/(207)Pb ratios>1.20). The "urban" signature is also found in a rural area upstream of Paris in the 1970's. At the Seine River mouth in 2003, Pb with an urban signature represents 70% of the total Pb sediment content, with the 30% remaining corresponding to natural Pb. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994SedG...92...79M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994SedG...92...79M"><span>Late oligocene and miocene faulting and sedimentation, and evolution of the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, New Mexico, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Mack, Greg H.; Seager, William R.; Kieling, John</p> <p>1994-08-01</p> <p>The distribution of nonmarine lithofacies, paleocurrents, and provenance data are used to define the evolution of late Oligocene and Miocene <span class="hlt">basins</span> and complementary uplifts in the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift in the vicinity of Hatch, New Mexico, USA. The late Oligocene-middle Miocene Hayner Ranch Formation, which consists of a maximum of 1000 m of alluvial-fan, alluvial-flat, and lacustrine-carbonate lithofacies, was deposited in a narrow (12 km), northwest-trending, northeast-tilted half graben, whose footwall was the Caballo Mountains block. Stratigraphic separation on the border faults of the Caballo Mountains block was approximately 1615 m. An additional 854 m of stratigraphic separation along the Caballo Mountains border faults occurred during deposition of the middle-late Miocene Rincon Valley Formation, which is composed of up to 610 m of alluvial-fan, alluvial-flat, braided-fluvial, and gypsiferous playa lithofacies. Two new, north-trending fault blocks (Sierra de las Uvas and Dona Ana Mountains) and complementary west-northwest-tilted half graben also developed during Rincon Valley time, with approximately 549 m of stratigraphic separation along the border fault of the Sierra de las Uvas block. In latest Miocene and early Pliocene time, following deposition of the Rincon Valley Formation, movement continued along the border faults of the Caballo Mountains, Dona Ana Mountains, and Sierra de las Uvas blocks, and large parts of the Hayner Ranch and Rincon Valley <span class="hlt">basins</span> were segmented into smaller fault blocks and <span class="hlt">basins</span> by movement along new, largely north-trending faults. Analysis of the Hayner Ranch and Rincon Valley Formations, along with previous studies of the early Oligocene Bell Top Formation and late Pliocene-early Pleistocene Camp Rice Formation, indicate that the traditional two-stage model for development of the southern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift should be abandoned in favor of at least four episodes of block faulting beginning 35 Ma ago. With the exception of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4094/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4094/report.pdf"><span>Ground-water geochemistry of the Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Anderholm, S.K.</p> <p>1988-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to define the areal distribution of different water types, use the distribution to help define the groundwater flow system, and identify processes resulting in differences in groundwater quality in the Albuquerque-Belen <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in central New Mexico. The chemistry of surface water inflow from adjacent areas, which infiltrates and recharges the aquifer along the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin, affects the groundwater quality in the eastern and southeastern areas of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Groundwater in the eastern area generally has a specific conductance less than 400 microsiemens, and calcium and bicarbonate are the dominant ions. Mixing of recharge, groundwater inflow, and surface inflow from adjacent areas, which have different chemical compositions, is the major process affecting groundwater quality in the southwestern, western, and northern areas of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. In these areas, there is a large range in specific conductance and distribution of dissolved ions. Groundwater quality in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley is affected by the infiltration of excess irrigation water. The excess irrigation water generally has a larger specific conductance than other groundwater in the valley, so mixing of these waters results in shallow groundwater generally having larger specific conductance than the deeper groundwater. (USGS)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AGUSM.P21D..06J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AGUSM.P21D..06J"><span>Comparing Time Domain Electromagnetics (TEM) and Early-Time TEM for Mapping Highly Conductive Groundwater in Mars Analog Environments</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Jernsletten, J. A.</p> <p>2005-05-01</p> <p>Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of (diffusive) Time Domain Electromagnetics (TEM) for sounding of subsurface water in conductive Mars analog environments. To provide a baseline for such studies, I show data from two field studies: 1) Diffusive sounding data (TEM) from Pima County, Arizona; and 2) Shallower sounding data using the Fast-Turnoff TEM method from Peña de Hierro in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> region of Spain. The latter is data from work conducted under the auspices of the Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE). Pima County TEM Survey: A TEM survey was carried out in Pima County, Arizona, in January 2003. Data was collected using 100 m Tx loops and a ferrite-cored magnetic coil Rx antenna, and processed using commercial software. The survey used a 16 Hz sounding frequency, which is sensitive to slightly salty groundwater. Prominent features in the data from Arizona are the ~500 m depth of investigation and the ~120 m depth to the water table, confirmed by data from four USGS test wells surrounding the field area. Note also the conductive (~20-40 ω m) clay-rich soil above the water table. <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> Fast-Turnoff TEM Survey: During May and June of 2003, a Fast-Turnoff (early time) TEM survey was carried out at the Peña de Hierro field area of the MARTE project, near the town of Nerva, Spain. Data was collected using 20 m and 40 m Tx loop antennae and 10 m loop Rx antennae, with a 32 Hz sounding frequency. Data from Line 4 (of 16) from this survey, collected using 40 m Tx loops, show ~200 m depth of investigation and a conductive high at ~90 m depth below Station 20 (second station of 10 along this line). This is the water table, matching the 431 m MSL elevation of the nearby pit lake. The center of the "pileup" below Station 60 is spatially coincident with the vertical fault plane located here. Data from Line 15 and Line 14 of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> survey, collected using 20 m Tx loops, achieve ~50 m depth of investigation and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014EGUGA..1610199C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014EGUGA..1610199C"><span>Silviculture of eucaliptus plantations in the Paraiba do Sul <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil, and its potential implication on the <span class="hlt">basin</span> ecohydrology.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Carriello, Felix; Andres Rodriguez, Daniel; Marques Neves, Otto; Vicens, Raul</p> <p>2014-05-01</p> <p>Silviculture of eucaliptus plantations is an important driver of the Mata Atlântica biome conversion into another land use in the Paraíba do Sul <span class="hlt">basin</span>, in the southeastern of Brazil. This region is located in one of the most developed areas in Brazil, between <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro and São Paulo, the most important cities in Brazil, linked by Presidente Dutra highway. Between both cities there are another cities that produce a variety of goods - from meat to planes, cars and mobile phones. This area is, at the same time, one the most important hot spot for the Mata Atlântica biome. Here we have a large Mata Atlântica fragment protected by law and others fragments being conversed to pasture, agriculture, silviculture and urban areas. Paraiba do Sul river drains the region and runs into <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro State. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is highly anthropized, with multiple approaches of its waters resources. Its waters also serve <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro metropolitan area. Because land use and land cover changes impact the water yield in a <span class="hlt">basin</span>, the study of its dynamic its of great importance for water resources management. We study the land use and land cover change in the region between 1986 and 2010, focusing in the development of silviculture of eucaliptus plantations. We used the HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage) approach that uses the height above the nearest water body, acquired from SRTM Data and transformed into a Terrain Numeric Mode, to classify the landscape into three different ecohydrological environments: floodplain, mountain top and hillslope. This classes were intersected with 1986 and 2010 land use and cover change classification obtained from Landsat imagery. Results show that silviculture has increased in the region from 1986 to 2010. In both years, silviculture areas are mainly located at the hillslope (47%), while floodplain and mountain top share 28 % and 23 % respectively. Available census data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, IBGE, for 1995 and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AGUFM.H23B1428L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AGUFM.H23B1428L"><span>Quantification and Characterization of Chloride Sources in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Southwestern United States</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lacey, H. F.; Phillips, F. M.; Tidwell, V.; Hogan, J.; Bastien, E.; Oelsner, G.</p> <p>2005-12-01</p> <p>Salinization of rivers is a problem in the southwestern United States as well as in other semiarid and arid regions of the world. Arid and semiarid rivers including the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande often exhibit increasing salinity with distance downstream, which is commonly attributed to irrigated agriculture. Increased river salinity causes economic losses by reducing crop productivity, rendering the water unsuitable for many municipal and industrial uses, and corroding or plugging pipes. Although most salinization of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande takes place in the United States, many of the effects are felt in Mexico. Recent studies have found that salinization of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande is geologically controlled by the addition of deep saline brines at several distinct locations. However, these additions of deep brine have not been well quantified. We have designed a model using a system dynamics software program to analyze <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande chloride data. The model uses historical chloride and gaging station data and high-resolution synoptic chloride samples collected between 2000 and 2005 to characterize and quantify additions of deep brine to the river. The model has also been used to evaluate the effect of the construction of Elephant Butte Reservoir on the chloride balance of the river using chloride concentration data from 1905-1907. The model can also be used to evaluate future climatic and management scenarios in order to plan for the future water needs of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1025/ds1025.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1025/ds1025.pdf"><span>Water-level data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2015</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.; Bryant, Christina F.</p> <p>2016-10-27</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25–40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is hydrologically defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift between San Acacia to the south and Cochiti Lake to the north. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) began treatment and distribution of surface water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande through the San Juan-Chama Drinking Water Project. A 20-percent population increase in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from 1990 to 2000 and a 22-percent population increase from 2000 to 2010 may have resulted in an increased demand for water in areas within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>.An initial network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque from April 1982 through September 1983 to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. In 1983, this network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly. The network currently (2015) consists of 124 wells and piezometers. (A piezometer is a specialized well open to a specific depth in the aquifer, often of small diameter and nested with other piezometers open to different depths.) The USGS, in cooperation with the ABCWUA, currently (2015) measures and reports water levels from the 124 wells and piezometers in the network; this report presents water-level data collected by USGS personnel at those 124 sites through water year 2015 (October 1, 2014, through September 30, 2015).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21432539','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21432539"><span>Atmospheric mercury concentrations in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> of the amazon, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hachiya, N; Takizawa, Y; Hisamatsu, S; Abe, T; Abe, Y; Motohashi, Y</p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>A wide regional mercury pollution in Amazon, Brazil is closely associated with goldmining that has been carried out in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> of tributaries of the Amazon since the eighteenth century. Possible involvement has been discussed on atmospheric circulation in distributing the volatile pollutant. We developed a portable air sampler for the collection of mercury compounds and determined atmospheric mercury concentrations at several sites in Brazil including the <span class="hlt">basin</span> of the Amazon tributaries. The mean concentration of total mercury was between 9.1 and 14.0 ng/m(3) in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> of the Uatumã River located in the tropical rain forest far from goldmining sites and from urbanized area. These mercury levels exceeded the background level previously reported in rural area and, furthermore, were higher than concentrations observed in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro and in Manaus that were compatible with the reference values for urban area. Mercury concentrations were also determined in gold refineries in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> of the Tapajos River, and detected at a significant but not a health deteriorating level. Although only preliminary data were available, the present observations were in favor of the hypothesis that mercury is distributed widely by long distant transport by the atmospheric circulation after released at gold mining sites.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4017/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4017/report.pdf"><span>Water-quality assessment of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley, Colorado, New Mexico and Texas; fish communities at selected sites, 1993-95</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Carter, L.F.</p> <p>1997-01-01</p> <p>Fish communities at 10 sites in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> were sampled during low-flow periods between 1993 and 1995 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The ecology of fish communities is one of several lines of evidence used to characterize water-quality conditions. This report describes the fish communities at selected sites in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and relates the structure of these fish communities to the physical and chemical characteristics of the streams. Twenty-nine species of fish representing 10 families were identified in 25 samples collected during this study. Species richness ranged from 1 to 13. Cluster analysis of the 25 samples collected during this study delineated four groups of sites that were based on the similarity of the fish communities. The first two groups were individual sites with low species richness. The third group contained the most samples, and the fourth group consisted of samples from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Isleta, New Mexico, and the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at El Paso, Texas. The shift in community structure of samples from group 3 to group 4 reflects changes from predominantly coldwater fishes to warmwater fishes. Four metrics of biotic integrity (percentages of introduced individuals, omnivores, tolerant individuals, and anomalies) were used in this study to provide a broad overview of the community structure. The relative percentages of introduced species at the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande near Del Norte, Colorado; Saguache Creek near Saguache, Colorado; <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande below Taos Junction Bridge, near Taos, New Mexico; and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Isleta are indicative of biological stress on the communities at these sites. The dominance of omnivores in samples from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande below Taos Junction Bridge, near Taos; <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama near Chamita, New Mexico; <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Isleta; and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at El Paso is an indication of environmental stress at these sites. In 1995, tolerant species accounted for the entire fish community at the <span class="hlt">Rio</span></p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.P51A1398B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.P51A1398B"><span>Biosignatures Preservation Potential and Habitability in Phyllosilicates vs. Iron-rich Environments</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Bonaccorsi, R.; Stoker, C. R.; McKay, C. P.; Science Team</p> <p>2008-12-01</p> <p>Phyllosilicates have been identified on the surface of Mars by the OMEGA-Mars/Express [e.g., 1], the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) instruments, i.e., HiRISE and CRISM, as well as inferred from rover observations in Gusev Crater [2]). A better understanding of the preservation potential and habitability in phyllosilicates and hematite-rich materials, achieved by studying analog sites, will therefore provide critical information in support of next decade missions landing site selection e.g., 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), the ESA Pasteur ExoMars. We present geochemical (d13C-org, d13N-tot, CN ratios) and microbiological proxies i.e., Adenosin-Triphosphate (ATP-based) and Limulus-Amebocite-Lysate (LAL-based biomass) from a suite of phyllosilicate and iron-rich environmental samples e.g., <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> (Spain), Death Valley (CA, USA), Atacama Desert (Chile), and the California coast. Phyllosilicates-rich zones (47-74wt.%) from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> (RT) region can preserve up to 10-time higher amount of organics (C-org = 0.23 wt.%) than the embedding hematite/goethite-rich (34-89 wt.%) rocks i.e., C-org: ~0.05 wt.% [4]. It is possible that under low pH and highly oxidizing conditions [e.g., 3] surface-derived organics are rapidly oxidized within the shallow hematite/goethite-rich materials, but preserved in phyllosilicates (smectites/illite) where conditions are more conducive [4]. ATP-based biomass was detected in some oxidized-rock samples where roots materials were present (750-1245 RLUs). Geochemical and microbiological analyses are underway to confirm the preservation/ habitability trends observed in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> near surface. Preliminary results suggest that oxidized, goethite-rich, sandstone (Purisima formation, CA) have higher ATP- and LAL-based (Gram negative) biomass contents i.e., 2.0 107 cell/g (35.05 EU/mL) and 3891 RLUs, than the overlying clays units i.e., 1.34 107 cell/g (22.0EU/mL) and 1143 RLUs. REFERENCES: [1] Bibring et al., 2006, Science 312</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4118/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4118/report.pdf"><span>Hydraulic geometry and streamflow of channels in the Piceance <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco and Garfield counties, Colorado</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Elliott, J.G.; Cartier, K.D.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>The influence of streamflow and <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics on channel geometry was investigated at 18 perennial and ephemeral stream reaches in the Piceance <span class="hlt">basin</span> of northwestern Colorado. Results of stepwise multiple regression analyses indicated that the variabilities of mean bankfull depth (D) and bankfull cross-sectional flow area (Af) were predominantly a function of bankfull discharge (QB), and that most of the variability in channel slopes (S) could be explained by drainage area (DA). None of the independent variables selected for the study could account for a large part of the variability in bankfull channel width (W). (USGS)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JSAES..63..137L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JSAES..63..137L"><span>Ichnology of deglaciation deposits from the Upper Carboniferous <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Sul Formation (Itararé Group, Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>) at central-east Santa Catarina State (southern Brazil)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lima, João Henrique Dobler; Netto, Renata Guimarães; Corrêa, Camila Graziele; Lavina, Ernesto Luiz Corrêa</p> <p>2015-11-01</p> <p>Trace fossil assemblages dominated by arthropod trackways are common in sediments deposited during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Ichnofaunas preserved in glacially-influenced sedimentary successions were previously reported from Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in southern Brazil. The ichnofauna of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Sul Formation preserved in the rhythmites exposed in Trombudo Central quarries (Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil) is revised in this paper. Cruziana problematica, Diplichnites gouldi, Diplopodichnus biformis, Glaciichnium liebegastensis, Gluckstadtella elongata isp. nov., Helminthoidichnites tenuis, Mermia carickensis, Protovirgularia dichotoma, Treptichnus pollardi and Umfolozia sinuosa were recorded. Two trace fossil suites were recognized. The undermat miners suite is dominated by H. tenuis, indicating the presence of surface grazers (insect larvae, isopods and amphipods). C. problematica, D. gouldi and U. sinuosa dominate the overmat grazers suite, as result of displacement of terrestrial and aquatic arthropods. The integrated sedimentological and ichnological data from Trombudo Central region suggests colonization of ephemeral, shallow water bodies filled by freshwater from glacier melting. The deposition of the rhythmites took place in a glaciolacustrine context represented by shallow ponds in marginal marine settings.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0209/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0209/report.pdf"><span>Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico, 1901-95, with projections to 2020</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Kernodle, J.M.</p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>The ground-water-flow model of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (Kernodle, J.M., McAda, D.P., and Thorn, C.R., 1995, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico, with projections to 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4251, 114 p.) was updated to include new information on the hydrogeologic framework (Hawley, J.W., Haase, C.S., and Lozinsky, R.P., 1995, An underground view of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>: Proceedings of the 39th Annual New Mexico Water Conference, November 3-4, 1994, p. 37-55). An additional year of ground-water-withdrawal data was appended to the simulation of the historical period and incorporated into the base for future projections to the year 2020. The revised model projects the simulated ground-water levels associated with an aerally enlarged occurrence of the relatively high hydraulic conductivity in the upper part of the Santa Fe Group east and west of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in the Albuquerque area and north to Bernalillo. Although the differences between the two model versions are substantial, the revised model does not contradict any previous conclusions about the effect of City of Albuquerque ground-water withdrawals on flow in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande or the net benefits of an effort to conserve ground water. Recent revisions to the hydrogeologic model (Hawley, J.W., Haneberg, W.C., and Whitworth, P.M., in press, Hydrogeologic investigations in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico, 1992-1995: Socorro, New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Open- File Report 402) of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> eventually will require that this model version also be revised and updated.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70000375','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70000375"><span>Photoreduction fuels biogeochemical cycling of iron in Spain's acid rivers</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Gammons, C.H.; Nimick, D.A.; Parker, S.R.; Snyder, D.M.; McCleskey, R. Blaine; Amils, R.; Poulson, S.R.</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>A number of investigations have shown that photoreduction of Fe(III) causes midday accumulations of dissolved Fe(II) in rivers and lakes, leading to large diel (24-h) fluctuations in the concentration and speciation of total dissolved iron. Less well appreciated is the importance of photoreduction in providing chemical energy for bacteria to thrive in low pH waters. Diel variations in water chemistry from the highly acidic (pH 2.3 to 3.1) <span class="hlt">Ri??o</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, <span class="hlt">Ri??o</span> Odiel, and <span class="hlt">Ri??o</span> Agrio of southwestern Spain (Iberian Pyrite Belt) resulted in daytime increases in Fe(II) concentration of 15 to 66????M at four diel sampling locations. Dissolved Fe(II) concentrations increased with solar radiation, and one of the stream sites showed an antithetic relationship between dissolved Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations; both results are consistent with photoreduction. The diel data were used to estimate rates of microbially catalyzed Fe(II) oxidation (1 to 3??nmol L- 1 s- 1) and maximum rates of Fe(III) photoreduction (1.7 to 4.3??nmol L- 1 s- 1). Bioenergetic calculations indicate that the latter rates are sufficient to build up a population of Fe-oxidizing bacteria to the levels observed in the <span class="hlt">Ri??o</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> in about 30??days. We conclude that photoreduction plays an important role in the bioenergetics of the bacterial communities of these acidic rivers, which have previously been shown to be dominated by autotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizers such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans. Given the possibility of the previous existence of acidic, Fe(III)-rich water on Mars, photoreduction may be an important process on other planets, a fact that could have implications to astrobiological research. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54507.htm','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54507.htm"><span>Geologic map of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco quadrangle, Bernalillo and Valencia Counties, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Maldonado, Florian</p> <p>2003-01-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco quadrangle is located southwest of Albuquerque in central New Mexico and covers part of the western part of the Isleta Reservation. The U.S. Geological Survey, the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and the University of New Mexico have conducted geologic mapping on the Isleta Reservation and vicinity as part of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Project. The map area contains surficial deposits, calcic soils, fluvial deposits of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco, deposits of the Santa Fe Group, and three volcanic fields. The area is characterized by predominantly north-trending normal faults with generally down-to-the-east movement. Post-Santa Fe Group deposits are composed of surficial deposits (Pleistocene-Holocene) and fluvial deposits of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco (Pleistocene-Holocene). The surficial deposits are divided into eolian, alluvial, colluvial, and landslide deposits. The fluvial deposits of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco consist of four terrace and present channel deposits. The Santa Fe Group is divided into lower and upper parts. The lower part of the Santa Fe Group is exposed near the southwestern corner of the study area where deposits consist of reddish-brown mudstone and sandstone correlated to the Popotosa Formation (Unit 1) of Lozinsky and Tedford (1991). They interpreted deposition of the unit in a <span class="hlt">basin</span>-floor playa setting. The Popotosa Formation is in fault contact to the east with deposits of the upper Santa Fe Group. The upper Santa Fe Group is derived from major tributary fluvial systems (ancestral <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco Puerco and possibly the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> San Jose drainages) draining the adjacent Colorado Plateau and Sierra Nacimiento and correlated to parts of Kelley's (1977) Ceja Formation of the Santa Fe Group and equivalent to Machette's (1978) Sierra Ladrones Formation, Connell's Arroyo Ojito Formation (Connell and others, 1999, and Maldonado's lithofacies of the Isleta Reservation (Maldonado and Atencio,1998a, b). The group also locally includes a fine- grained unit</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGC13E1239C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGC13E1239C"><span>Climate Change and the Snowmelt-runoff Relationship in the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Chavarria, S. B.; Gutzler, D. S.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Drought and rising temperatures have resulted in reduced snowpack and low flows in recent years for the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, a vital source of surface water in three southwestern states and northern Mexico. We assess monthly and seasonal changes in streamflow volume on the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (URG) near its headwaters in southern Colorado for water years 1958-2015. We use gage data from the U.S. Geological Survey, naturalized streamflows from the U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, and observed temperature, precipitation and snowpack data in the URG. Trends in discharge and downstream gains/losses are examined together with covariations in snow water equivalent, and surface climate variables. We test the hypothesis that climate change is already affecting the streamflow volume derived from snow accumulation in ways consistent with CMIP-based model projections of 21st Century streamflow, and we attempt to separate climate-related streamflow signals from variability due to reservoir releases or diversions. Preliminary results indicate that decreasing snowpack and resulting diminution of springtime streamflow in the URG are detectable in both observed and naturalized flow data beginning in the mid to late 1980s, despite the absence of significant decrease in total flow. Correlations between warm and cold season fluctuations in streamflow and temperature or precipitation are being evaluated and will be compared to model projections. Our study will provide information that may be useful for validating hydroclimatic models and improving seasonal water supply outlooks, essential tools for water management.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.T51E2964L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.T51E2964L"><span>Slip re-orientation in the oblique Abiquiu embayment, northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Liu, Y.; Murphy, M. A.; Andrea, R. A.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Traditional models of oblique rifting predict that an oblique fault accommodates both dip-slip and strike-slip kinematics. However, recent analog experiments suggest that slip can be re-oriented to almost pure dip-slip on oblique faults if a preexisting weak zone is present at the onset of oblique extension. In this study, we use fault slip data from the Abiquiu embayment in northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift to test the new model. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift is a Cenozoic oblique rift extending from southern Colorado to New Mexico. From north to south, it comprises three major half grabens (San Luis, Española, and Albuquerque). The Abiquiu embayment is a sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span> of the San Luis <span class="hlt">basin</span> in northern New Mexico. Rift-border faults are generally older and oblique to the trend of the rift, whereas internal faults are younger and approximately N-S striking, i.e. orthogonal to the regional extension direction. Rift-border faults are deep-seated in the basement rocks while the internal faults only cut shallow stratigraphic sections. It has been suggested by many that inherited structures may influence the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rifting. Particularly, Laramide structures (and possibly the Ancestral Rockies as well) that bound the Abiquiu embayment strike N- to NW. Our data show that internal faults in the Abiquiu embayment exhibit almost pure dip-slip (rake of slickenlines = 90º ± 15º), independent of their orientations with respect to the regional extension direction. On the contrary, border faults show two sets of rakes: almost pure dip-slip (rake = 90º ± 15º) where the fault is sub-parallel to the foliation, and moderately-oblique (rake = 30º ± 15º) where the fault is high angle to the foliation. We conclude that slip re-orientation occurs on most internal faults and some oblique border faults under the influence of inherited structures. Regarding those border faults on which slip is not re-oriented, we hypothesize that it may be caused by the Jemez volcanism or small-scale mantle</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGP51A1375L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMGP51A1375L"><span>Electromagnetically Inferred Structure of the Caja del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Plateau, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Layton, M. E.; Speed, C.; Shukla, M.; Vila, A.; Chon, E.; Kitamikado, C.; Feucht, D. W.; Bedrosian, P.; Pellerin, L.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Magnetotelluric (MT) and transient electromagnetic (TEM) data were acquired by students from the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE) to construct structural models in and around the Caja del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Plateau, New Mexico. The Caja del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> is located on the La Bajada-Jemez constriction that separates the Española and Santa Domingo <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, the result of tectonic extensional forces, extends approximately north-south across northern New Mexico. MT data collected in 2016 were merged with that from previous years to make up an 11 km north line and a 16 km south line extending from the west side of the Caja Del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> to the east off the plateau in the Old Buckman Road area. The resistivity distributions revealed in one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) inverse models show some robust features. Models of the north are interpreted as a top resistive layer (<500m) of Tertiary volcanoclastic rock, to a central conductive layer (600-200m) of Mesozoic and Paleozoic sediments of the Santa Fe group to crystalline basement rock. Models for the south line show low resistivity for the first 3 to 5 km and then transitions into higher resistivity values consistent with the models for the north line. At a period of 100 seconds induction arrows (Parkinson's convention) point in the northwest direction towards the conductive Valles Caldera. The MT models are consistent with geologic interpretations of the stratigraphic units. In addition, models disclose an additional conductive layer below the basement that we interpret as the mid-crustal conductor. Transient electromagnetic (TEM) data were collected in seven locations atop the Caja del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> plateau in an attempt to identify the basal contact of the Cerros del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> volcanic field, which, in turn, allow for the thickness of these basaltic and andesitic deposits to be mapped across the plateau. One-dimensional inverse models produced from the TEM data were aligned and interpreted</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUFM.C21B0476Y','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUFM.C21B0476Y"><span>MODIS-based Snow Cover Variability of the Upper River Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yu, B.; Wang, X.; Xie, H.</p> <p>2007-12-01</p> <p>Snow cover and its spring melting in the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> provides a major water source for the Upper to Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley and Elephant Butte Reservoir. Thus understanding the snowpack and its variability in the context of global climate change is crucial to the sustainable water resources for the region. MODIS instruments (on Terra and Aqua) have provided time series of snow cover products since 2000, but suffering with cloud contaminations. In this study, we evaluated four newly developed cloudless snow cover products (less than 10%) and four standard products: daily (MOD10A1, MYD10A1) and 8-day (MOD10A2, MYD10A2), in comparison with in situ Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) measurements for the hydrological year 2003-2004. The four new products are daily composite of Terra and Aqua (MODMYD10DC), multi-day composites of Terra (MOD10MC), Aqua (MYD10MC), and Terra and Aqua (MODMYD10MC). The standard daily and 8-day products can classify land correctly, but had fairly low accuracy in snow classification due to cloud contamination (a average of 39.4% for Terra and 45% for Aqua in the year 2003-2004). All the new multi-day composite products tended to have high accuracy in classifying both snow and land (over 90%), as the cloud cover has been reduced to less than 10% (~5% for the year) under the new algorithm . This result is consistent with a previous study in the Xinjiang area, China (Wang and Xie, 2007). Therefore, MOD10MC (before the Aqua data available) and MODMYD10MC products are used to get the mean snow cover of the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> from 2000 to 2007. The snow depletion curve derived from the new cloud-free snow cover map will be used to examine its effect on stream discharge.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20381129','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20381129"><span>Natural and human forcing in recent geomorphic change; case studies in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de la Plata <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bonachea, Jaime; Bruschi, Viola M; Hurtado, Martín A; Forte, Luis M; da Silva, Mario; Etcheverry, Ricardo; Cavallotto, José L; Dantas, Marcilene F; Pejon, Osni J; Zuquette, Lázaro V; Bezerra, Maria Angélica de O; Remondo, Juan; Rivas, Victoria; Gómez-Arozamena, José; Fernández, Gema; Cendrero, Antonio</p> <p>2010-06-01</p> <p>An analysis of geomorphic system's response to change in human and natural drivers in some areas within the Río de la Plata <span class="hlt">basin</span> is presented. The aim is to determine whether an acceleration of geomorphic processes has taken place in recent years and, if so, to what extent it is due to natural (climate) or human (land-use) drivers. Study areas of different size, socio-economic and geomorphic conditions have been selected: the Río de la Plata estuary and three sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> within its watershed. Sediment cores were extracted and dated ((210)Pb) to determine sedimentation rates since the end of the 19th century. Rates were compared with time series on rainfall as well as human drivers such as population, GDP, livestock load, crop area, energy consumption or cement consumption, all of them related to human capacity to disturb land surface. Data on river discharge were also gathered. Results obtained indicate that sedimentation rates during the last century have remained essentially constant in a remote Andean <span class="hlt">basin</span>, whereas they show important increases in the other two, particularly one located by the São Paulo metropolitan area. Rates in the estuary are somewhere in between. It appears that there is an intensification of denudation/sedimentation processes within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Rainfall remained stable or varied very slightly during the period analysed and does not seem to explain increases of sedimentation rates observed. Human drivers, particularly those more directly related to capacity to disturb land surface (GDP, energy or cement consumption) show variations that suggest human forcing is a more likely explanation for the observed change in geomorphic processes. It appears that a marked increase in denudation, of a "technological" nature, is taking place in this <span class="hlt">basin</span> and leading to an acceleration of sediment supply. This is coherent with similar increases observed in other regions. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_11");'>11</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li class="active"><span>13</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_13 --> <div id="page_14" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li class="active"><span>14</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="261"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr00-065','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr00-065"><span>Creating a standardized watersheds database for the lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo, Texas</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Brown, Julie R.; Ulery, Randy L.; Parcher, Jean W.</p> <p>2000-01-01</p> <p>This report describes the creation of a large-scale watershed database for the lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in Texas. The watershed database includes watersheds delineated to all 1:24,000-scale mapped stream confluences and other hydrologically significant points, selected watershed characteristics, and hydrologic derivative datasets. Computer technology allows generation of preliminary watershed boundaries in a fraction of the time needed for manual methods. This automated process reduces development time and results in quality improvements in watershed boundaries and characteristics. These data can then be compiled in a permanent database, eliminating the time-consuming step of data creation at the beginning of a project and providing a stable base dataset that can give users greater confidence when further subdividing watersheds. A standardized dataset of watershed characteristics is a valuable contribution to the understanding and management of natural resources. Vertical integration of the input datasets used to automatically generate watershed boundaries is crucial to the success of such an effort. The optimum situation would be to use the digital orthophoto quadrangles as the source of all the input datasets. While the hydrographic data from the digital line graphs can be revised to match the digital orthophoto quadrangles, hypsography data cannot be revised to match the digital orthophoto quadrangles. Revised hydrography from the digital orthophoto quadrangle should be used to create an updated digital elevation model that incorporates the stream channels as revised from the digital orthophoto quadrangle. Computer-generated, standardized watersheds that are vertically integrated with existing digital line graph hydrographic data will continue to be difficult to create until revisions can be made to existing source datasets. Until such time, manual editing will be necessary to make adjustments for man-made features and changes in the natural landscape</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23424831','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23424831"><span>Environmental assessment of the area surrounding Dam <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Verde - Parana/Brazil. An overview of environmental geomorphology.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Garcia, Claudia Moreira; Carrijo, Beatriz Rodrigues; Sessegolo, Gisele; Passos, Everton</p> <p>2012-04-01</p> <p>This paper presents a brief essay on the situation in which the environment of the dam of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Verde <span class="hlt">Basin</span>-Parana, from the vision of environmental geomorphology. The area is located between the cities of Campo Magro and Campo Largo, Paraná plateau in the first part of theAlto Iguaçu <span class="hlt">basin</span>. This study aims to raise the concepts relating to environmental geomorphology, to identify the anthropogenic impacts caused in the reservoir areas, identify the environmental compartments found around the dam and characterize the geologic and physiographic region. It was found that the area has intense anthropogenic influence, as urban growth is present in areas and wavy and rough terrain, subject to mass movements and floods. Besides these aspects, the use of land for agriculture contributes to fragility of the area.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1273/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1273/"><span>Water-Level Data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Adjacent Areas, Central New Mexico, Period of Record Through September 30, 2006</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompass the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> are currently (2007) obtained solely from ground-water resources. An increase of about 20 percent in the population from 1990 to 2000 also resulted in an increased demand for water. From April 1982 through September 1983, a network of wells was established to monitor changes in ground-water levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly. Currently (2007), the network consists of 133 wells and piezometers. This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at 133 sites through 2007.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JSAES..63..375B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JSAES..63..375B"><span>A tapinocephalid dinocephalian (Synapsida, Therapsida) from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation (Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Brazil): Taxonomic, ontogenetic and biostratigraphic considerations</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Boos, A. D. S.; Kammerer, C. F.; Schultz, C. L.; Paes Neto, V. D.</p> <p>2015-11-01</p> <p>Permian tetrapod fossils have been recovered from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation of Brazil since the 1970s. Previous studies of this fauna indicated strong affinities with the Guadalupian-Lopingian vertebrates of South Africa and Eastern Europe, suggesting biostratigraphic correlations between these areas. Here, a new dinocephalian specimen from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation in the Serra do Cadeado area (Paraná State, Brazil) is described based on fragmentary skull remains and an associated left lower jaw ramus. Despite the fragmentary nature of these remains, they represent the most complete tapinocephalid specimen known from South America. Comparison with other tapinocephalids indicates that the material described herein represents a juvenile or sub-adult specimen. Although it is not possible to identify this material to the genus level, it most closely resembles the 'moschopines' Moschops and Moschognathus from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of South Africa. As dinocephalians are known to be restricted to the Guadalupian, they are one of the best tetrapod biostratigraphic markers for the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation, indicating that at least some of the strata in the areas where they occur [Serra do Cadeado (Paraná State), Fagundes farm and Boqueirão farm (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State)] are Guadalupian. Vertebrate fossils from <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation occur in disperse, isolated and discontinuous outcrops, so that they have been grouped in 'local faunas'. However, most of the specimens lack precise stratigraphic provenance data and even occurring in locations near each other they are not necessarily contemporary. Thus, until a more robust stratigraphic framework is developed, we suggest discontinuing use of 'local faunas' to this stratigraphic unit.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046930','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046930"><span>Attributes for NHDPlus Catchments (Version 1.1): <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Characteristics, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>-Red-Rainy River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Units 4, 5, 7 and 9. MRB4, covering the Missouri River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Units 10-lower and 10-upper. MRB5, covering the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Units 8, 11 and 12. MRB6, covering the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado and Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Units 13, 14, 15 and 16. MRB7, covering the Pacific Northwest River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Unit 17. MRB8, covering California River <span class="hlt">basins</span>, contains NHDPlus Production Unit 18.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26270221','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26270221"><span>Evaluation of water quality at the source of streams of the Sinos River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, southern Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Benvenuti, T; Kieling-Rubio, M A; Klauck, C R; Rodrigues, M A S</p> <p>2015-05-01</p> <p>The Sinos River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (SRB) is located in the northeastern region of the state of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul (29º20' to 30º10'S and 50º15' to 51º20'W), southern Brazil, and covers two geomorphologic provinces: the southern plateau and the central depression. It is part of the Guaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span>, has an area of approximately 800 km 2 and contains 32 counties. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> provides drinking water for 1.6 million inhabitants in one of the most important industrial centres in Brazil. This study describes different water quality indices (WQI) used for the sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> of three important streams in the SRB: Pampa, Estância Velha/Portão and Schmidt streams. Physical, chemical and microbiological parameters assessed bimonthly using samples collected at each stream source were used to calculate the Horton Index (HI), the Dinius Index (DI) and the water quality index adopted by the US National Sanitation Foundation (NSF WQI) in the additive and multiplicative forms. These indices describe mean water quality levels at the streams sources. The results obtained for these 3 indexes showed a worrying scenario in which water quality has already been negatively affected at the sites where three important sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Sinos River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> begin to form.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1091/ofr20181091.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1091/ofr20181091.pdf"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande transboundary integrated hydrologic model and water-availability analysis, New Mexico and Texas, United States, and Northern Chihuahua, Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Hanson, Randall T.; Ritchie, Andre; Boyce, Scott E.; Ferguson, Ian; Galanter, Amy; Flint, Lorraine E.; Henson, Wesley</p> <p>2018-05-31</p> <p>Changes in population, agricultural development and practices (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are increasing demands on available water resources, particularly groundwater, in one of the most productive agricultural regions in the Southwest—the Rincon and Mesilla Valley parts of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley, Doña Ana and Sierra Counties, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas. The goal of this study was to produce an integrated hydrological simulation model to help evaluate water-management strategies, including conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater for historical conditions, and to support long-term planning for the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Project. This report describes model construction and applications by the U.S. Geological Survey, working in cooperation and collaboration with the Bureau of Reclamation.This model, the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Transboundary Integrated Hydrologic Model, simulates the most important natural and human components of the hydrologic system, including selected components related to variations in climate, thereby providing a reliable assessment of surface-water and groundwater conditions and processes that can inform water users and help improve planning for future conditions and sustained operations of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Project (RGP) by the Bureau of Reclamation. Model development included a revision of the conceptual model of the flow system, construction of a Transboundary <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Watershed Model (TRGWM) water-balance model using the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Characterization Model (BCM), and construction of an integrated hydrologic flow model with MODFLOW-One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model (referred to as One Water). The hydrologic models were developed for and calibrated to historical conditions of water and land use, and parameters were adjusted so that simulated values closely matched available measurements (calibration). The calibrated model was then used to assess the use and movement of water in the Rincon Valley, Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span></p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/ofr/2018/1091/ofr20181091.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/ofr/2018/1091/ofr20181091.pdf"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Transboundary Integrated Hydrologic Model and Water-Availability Analysis, New Mexico and Texas, United States, and Northern Chihuahua, Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Hanson, R.T.; Ritchie, Andre; Boyce, Scott E.; Galanter, Amy E.; Ferguson, Ian A.; Flint, Lorraine E.; Henson, Wesley R.</p> <p>2018-05-31</p> <p>Changes in population, agricultural development and practices (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are increasing demands on available water resources, particularly groundwater, in one of the most productive agricultural regions in the Southwest—the Rincon and Mesilla Valley parts of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley, Doña Ana and Sierra Counties, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas. The goal of this study was to produce an integrated hydrological simulation model to help evaluate water-management strategies, including conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater for historical conditions, and to support long-term planning for the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Project. This report describes model construction and applications by the U.S. Geological Survey, working in cooperation and collaboration with the Bureau of Reclamation.This model, the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Transboundary Integrated Hydrologic Model, simulates the most important natural and human components of the hydrologic system, including selected components related to variations in climate, thereby providing a reliable assessment of surface-water and groundwater conditions and processes that can inform water users and help improve planning for future conditions and sustained operations of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Project (RGP) by the Bureau of Reclamation. Model development included a revision of the conceptual model of the flow system, construction of a Transboundary <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Watershed Model (TRGWM) water-balance model using the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Characterization Model (BCM), and construction of an integrated hydrologic flow model with MODFLOW-One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model (referred to as One Water). The hydrologic models were developed for and calibrated to historical conditions of water and land use, and parameters were adjusted so that simulated values closely matched available measurements (calibration). The calibrated model was then used to assess the use and movement of water in the Rincon Valley, Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span></p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4061/report.pdf"><span>Water-quality assessment of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley study unit, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas: analysis of selected nutrient, suspended-sediment, and pesticide data</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Anderholm, S.K.; Radell, M.J.; Richey, S.F.</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>This report contains a summary of data compiled from sources throughout the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment program. Information presented includes the sources and types of water-quality data available, the utility of water-quality data for statistical analysis, and a description of recent water-quality conditions and trends and their relation to natural and human factors. Water-quality data are limited to concentrations of selected nutrient species in surface water and ground water, concentrations of suspended sediment and suspended solids in surface water, and pesticides in surface water, ground water, and biota.The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley study unit includes about 45,900 square miles in Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas upstream from the streamflow-monitoring station <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at El Paso, Texas. The area also includes the San Luis Closed <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and the surface-water closed <span class="hlt">basins</span> east of the Continental Divide and north of the United States-Mexico international border. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande drains about 29,300 square miles in these States; the remainder of the study unit area is in closed <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Concentrations of all nutrients found in surface-water samples collected from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, with the exception of phosphorus, generally remained nearly constant from the northernmost station in the study unit to <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande near Isleta, where concentrations were larger by an order of magnitude. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads increased downstream between Lobatos, Colorado, and Albuquerque, New Mexico. Nutrient concentrations remained elevated with slight variations until downstream from Elephant Butte Reservoir, where nutrient concentrations were lower. Nutrient concentrations then increased downstream from the reservoir, as evidenced by elevated concentrations at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at El Paso, Texas.Suspended-sediment concentrations were similar at stations upstream from Otowi Bridge near San Ildefonso, New Mexico. The concentration and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046695','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046695"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Characteristics, 2002 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics for the year 2002 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). These characteristics are reach catchment shape index, stream density, sinuosity, mean elevation, mean slope and number of road-stream crossings. The source data sets are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) RF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011) and the U.S. Census Bureau's TIGER/Line Files (U.S. Census Bureau,2006). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.V11C2808T','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.V11C2808T"><span>Extensional Volcanism of the Taos Plateau Volcanic Field, Northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, USA: New Insights from Geologic Mapping, 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology, Geochemistry and Geophysical Modeling</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Thompson, R. A.; Turner, K. J.; Cosca, M. A.; Drenth, B.; Grauch, V. J. S.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>The Pliocene Taos Plateau Volcanic Field (TPVF) is the largest volcanic field of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. Deposits of the TPVF are distributed across 4500 km2 in the southern part of the 11,500 km2 San Luis Valley in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico constituting a major component of the structural San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (SLB) fill. Exposed deposit thicknesses range from a few meters near the distal termini of basaltic lava flows to 240 m in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande gorge near Taos, NM. New geologic mapping and 100 high-resolution 40Ar/39Ar age determinations help identify a complex distribution of >50 exposed eruptive centers ranging in composition from basalt to rhyolite. Total eruptive volume, estimated from geologic map relations, geophysical modeling of <span class="hlt">basin</span> geometry and subsurface distribution of basaltic deposits, are approximately 300 km3; comprising 66% Servilleta Basalt (tholeiite), 3% mildly alkaline trachybasalt & trachyandesite, 12% olivine andesite, 17% dacite, and <1% rhyolite. Servilleta Basalt is preserved throughout the TPVF, ranging in age from 5.3 Ma to 2.95 Ma; maximum thickness is exposed in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande gorge in association with the largest Pliocene sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span> in the valley, the Taos graben. Smaller volume basalt centers as young as 2.9 Ma are spatially associated with monogenetic trachybasalt and trachyandesite centers ( 4.3 Ma to 2.8 Ma) along the uplifted footwall of a western fault-bounded sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span>, the Las Mesitas graben. The plateau surface underlain primarily by Servilleta Basalt is punctuated by large ( 15 km3 erupted volume typical) monogenetic andesitic shield volcanoes ( 5-4.4 Ma); north-south aligned and distributed along the central axis of the SLB, parallel to major intrabasin faults. Large (up to 21 km3 erupted volume) zoned dacitic lava dome complexes ( 5 Ma Guadalupe Mountain/Cerro Negro, 3.9 Ma Ute Mountain, and 3 Ma San Antonio Mountain) reach elevations of 3300 m, 770 m above the valley floor each spatially and temporally associated</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012EGUGA..14.4230H','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012EGUGA..14.4230H"><span>Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Neuquén <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Argentina) between 39°S and 41°S during the Neogene</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Huyghe, D.; Bonnel, C.; Nivière, B.; Messager, G.; Dhont, D.; Fasentieux, B.; Hervouët, Y.; Xavier, J.-P.</p> <p>2012-04-01</p> <p>Sedimentary rocks deposited in foreland <span class="hlt">basins</span> are of primary interest, because they record the interactions between the growth of the orogenic wedge, the isostatic readjustment of the lithosphere, the variations of base-level and earth surface process. The Neuquén <span class="hlt">basin</span> (32°S - 41°S) is a triangular shape foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span> located on the eastern flank of the Andes. Its filling began during the late Triassic, first as back arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> context and as compressive foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span> since the upper Cretaceous. The structural inheritance is thus important and old basement structures, like the Huincul Ridge, generate significant variations of both deformation and shortening. Its Mesozoic history is well constrained due to its hydrocarbon potential. In comparison, its Cenozoic history remains poorly documented. The modern configuration of this <span class="hlt">basin</span> results from several successive compressive tectonic phases. The last one is dated from the Miocene (Quechua phase) and has conditioned the segmentation of the foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span> in several intra-mountainous sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span>, whose sedimentary filling could reach several hundred meters. In this work, we document the relative chronology of the geological events and the sedimentary processes that have governed the Cenozoic history of the southern part of the Neuquen <span class="hlt">basin</span>, to discriminate the relative rules of climatic and structural controlling factors on the evolution of the depocentres. Several NNW-SSE oriented intra-mountainous <span class="hlt">basins</span> exist in this part of the Andes (Collon Cura <span class="hlt">basin</span> and Catan Lil <span class="hlt">basin</span>). On the contrary the associated foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Picun Leufu <span class="hlt">basin</span>) is relatively underformed and is bounded to the North by the Huincul ridge and the North Patagonian massif to the South. Fifteen sedimentary sections have been studied along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Limay River in the southern border of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, from the range to the external part of the foreland. The sedimentation is discontinuous in time and important retrogradations of the depocentres</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGP13B1299Z','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGP13B1299Z"><span>Gravity and Magnetotelluric Modeling of the Santo Domingo <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Northern New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Zamudio, K. D.; Keithline, N.; Blum, C.; Cunningham, E.; Fromont, A.; Jorgensen, M.; Lee, R.; McBride, K.; Saez Berrios, P.; Harper, C.; Pellerin, L.; McPhee, D.; Ferguson, J. F.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The Santo Domingo <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, one of a series of <span class="hlt">basins</span> within the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, is located between Santa Fe and Albuquerque, NM, and has been the focus of research by the Summer of Geophysical Experience (SAGE) program since 2000. Gravity, magnetotelluric (MT), and seismic data have been collected throughout the region, although we are concentrating on gravity and MT data collected during SAGE 2014 and 2015. The study area is located in the center of the Santo Domingo <span class="hlt">basin</span>, an extensional, Miocene age, rift <span class="hlt">basin</span>, in an area that was minimally involved in the preceding local Laramide orogenic activity. Rift sediments (~3.5 km thick) are underlain by Eocene age sediments that were shed from adjacent uplifts. Up to 3 km of Mesozoic and Paleozoic sediments are preserved above the Precambrian basement. Geologic outcrop, borehole and seismic reflection data, and known density values were used in the construction of a ~100 km-long, generalized geologic cross section from which a gravity response was calculated. The modeled gravity response makes fairly definitive predictions about the geometry of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> as well as the stratigraphy and faulting within and bounding the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. MT data was collected at ten stations within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The MT sounding curves exhibit one-dimensional behavior at short periods (<10 s), not surprisingly considering the relatively flat local structure in the area. Layered-earth MT models, without geologic constraints, show a conductive (<10 ohm-m) layer at ~1.5 km above a more resistive layer (>1000 ohm-m) at ~ 3.5-4 km. Conductivities of the major stratigraphic units have been determined from well logs and previous MT modeling. Forward and inverse MT models constrained by the gravity-modeled geologic cross section are used to develop a conductivity model consistent with the geology, and are a step towards a better unified treatment of MT, seismic and gravity data.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0083s/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0083s/report.pdf"><span>Vigilando la Calidad del Agua de los Grandes <span class="hlt">Rios</span> de la Nacion: El Programa NASQAN del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo del Norte)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Lurry, Dee L.; Reutter, David C.; Wells, Frank C.; Rivera, M.C.; Munoz, A.</p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>La Oficina del Estudio Geologico de los Estados Unidos (U.S. Geological Survey, 0 USGS) ha monitoreado la calidad del agua de la cuenca del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo del Norte) desde 1995 como parte de la rediseiiada Red Nacional para Contabilizar la Calidad del Agua de los <span class="hlt">Rios</span> (National Stream Quality Accounting Network, o NASOAN) (Hooper and others, 1997). EI programa NASOAN fue diseiiado para caracterizar las concentraciones y el transporte de sedimento y constituyentes quimicos seleccionados, encontrados en los grandes <span class="hlt">rios</span> de los Estados Unidos - incluyendo el Misisipi, el Colorado y el Columbia, ademas del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. En estas cuatro cuencas, el USGS opera actualmente (1998) una red de 40 puntos de muestreo pertenecientes a NASOAN, con un enfasis en cuantificar el flujo en masa (la cantidad de material que pasa por la estacion, expresado en toneladas por dial para cada constituyente. Aplicacando un enfoque consistente, basado en la cuantificacion de flujos en la cuenca del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, el programa NASOAN esta generando la informacion necesaria para identificar fuentes regionales de diversos contaminantes, incluyendo sustancias qui micas agricolas y trazas elementos en la cuenca. EI efecto de las grandes reservas en el <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande se puede observar segun los flujos de constituyentes discurren a 10 largo del <span class="hlt">rio</span>. EI analisis de los flujos de constituyentes a escala de la cuenca proveera los medios para evaluar la influencia de la actividad humana sobre las condiciones de calidad del agua del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70037306','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70037306"><span>Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Caine, Jonathan S.; Minor, S.A.</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>The San Ysidro fault is a spectacularly exposed normal fault located in the northwestern Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift. This intrabasin fault is representative of many faults that formed in poorly lithified sediments throughout the rift. The fault is exposed over nearly 10 km and accommodates nearly 700 m of dip slip in subhorizontal, siliciclastic sediments. The extent of the exposure facilitates study of along-strike variations in deformation mechanisms, archi tecture, geochemistry, and permeability. The fault is composed of structural and hydrogeologic components that include a clay-rich fault core, a calcite-cemented mixed zone, and a poorly developed damage zone primarily consisting of deformation bands. Structural textures suggest that initial deformation in the fault occurred at low temperature and pressure, was within the paleosaturated zone of the evolving <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, and was dominated by particulate flow. Little geochemical change is apparent across the fault zone other than due to secondary processes. The lack of fault-related geochemical change is interpreted to reflect the fundamental nature of water-saturated, particulate fl ow. Early mechanical entrainment of low-permeability clays into the fault core likely caused damming of groundwater flow on the up-gradient, footwall side of the fault. This may have caused a pressure gradient and flow of calcite-saturated waters in higher-permeability, fault-entrained siliciclastic sediments, ultimately promoting their cementation by sparry calcite. Once developed, the cemented and clay-rich fault has likely been, and continues to be, a partial barrier to cross-fault groundwater flow, as suggested by petrophysical measurements. Aeromagnetic data indicate that there may be many more unmapped faults with similar lengths to the San Ysidro fault buried within <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basins</span>. If these buried faults formed by the same processes that formed the San Ysidro fault and have persistent low</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H31A0582N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H31A0582N"><span>Seasonality of Groundwater Recharge in the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range Province, Western North America</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Neff, K.; Meixner, T.; De La Cruz, L.</p> <p>2014-12-01</p> <p>Groundwater recharge is the primary source of aquifer replenishment, an important source of freshwater for human consumption and riparian area sustainability in semi-arid regions. It is critical to understand the current groundwater recharge regimes in groundwater <span class="hlt">basins</span> throughout the Western U.S. and how those regimes might shift in the face of climate change, land use change and management manipulations that impact the availability and composition of groundwater resources. Watersheds in the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range Province are characterized by a variable precipitation regime of wet winters, and variable summer precipitation. The horst-graben structure of these <span class="hlt">basins</span> lends itself to orographic and continental precipitation effects that make mountain block and mountain front recharge critical components of annual recharge. The current assumption is that the relative contributions to groundwater recharge by summer and winter precipitation vary throughout the province, with winter precipitation dominating in the northern parts of the region, and summer monsoonal precipitation playing a more significant role in the south, where the North American Monsoon extends its influence. To test this hypothesis, stable water isotope data of groundwater and precipitation from sites in Sonora, Mexico and the U.S. states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas were examined to characterize and compare groundwater recharge regimes throughout the region. Preliminary stable water isotope results from the southernmost <span class="hlt">Rio</span> San Miguel <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in Sonora, Mexico indicate that groundwater is composed of 64%±14% summer monsoon precipitation, in contrast to more northern <span class="hlt">basins</span> where winter precipitation is the source of 79-90% of <span class="hlt">basin</span> groundwater.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28477986','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28477986"><span>The impacts of the Samarco mine tailing spill on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Doce estuary, Eastern Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gomes, Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira; Correa, Lucas Barreto; Sá, Fabian; Neto, Renato Rodrigues; Bernardino, Angelo Fraga</p> <p>2017-07-15</p> <p>Over 50 million cubic meters of mining tailings were released in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Doce <span class="hlt">basin</span> after the collapse of the Fundão dam (Samarco) in November 2015. Predicting significant impacts on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Doce estuary, we sampled sediments to investigate short-term impacts on the benthic assemblages and trace metal accumulation on estuarine sediments. With the arrival of the tailing plumes in the estuary, we detected a predominance of clay particles and increased trace metal concentrations of up to 5 times in some areas. The rapid sedimentation after the impact also impacted estuarine macrofaunal assemblages through loss surface-dwelling taxa. As expected, the impacts on benthic assemblages observed up to 3days after the arrival of tailings were not clearly associated with trace metal concentrations, but long-term effects need to be studied. We recommend that the high spatial variability within the estuary be considered in future impact assessment studies. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.V32B..08G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.V32B..08G"><span>High-Resolution Zircon U-Pb CA-TIMS Dating of the Carboniferous—Permian Successions, Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Griffis, N. P.; Mundil, R.; Montanez, I. P.; Isbell, J.; Fedorchuk, N.; Lopes, R.; Vesely, F.; Iannuzzi, R.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) is Earth's only record of a CO2-forced climatic transition from an icehouse to greenhouse state in a vegetated world. Despite a refined framework of Gondwanan ice distribution, questions remain about the timing, volume, and synchronicity of high-latitude continental ice and the subsequent deglaciation. These questions ultimately preclude our understanding of linkages between ice volume, sea level, and high- and low-latitude climate. Poor constraints on the timing and synchronicity of glacial and interglacial transitions reflect a lack of high-resolution radioisotopic dates from high-latitude, ice-proximal Carboniferous-Permian successions. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bonito Fm in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State of southern Brazil hosts the oldest non-glaciogenic Carboniferous- Permian deposits of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, thus recording the icehouse-to-greenhouse transition. Despite a widespread effort over the last two decades to constrain these deposits in time by means of U-Pb zircon geochronology, published data sets of the Candiota and Faxinal coals of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bonito Fm host discrepancies that may reflect post- eruptive open system behavior of zircon and analytical artifacts. These discrepancies have hindered the correlation of the Candiota and Faxinal sediments within the larger Gondwanan framework. Here we present the first U-Pb ages on closed system single zircons using CA-TIMS techniques on Permo-Carboniferous ash deposits of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Preliminary results indicate two major and distinct coal-forming periods that are separated by ca 10 Ma. Our results and conclusions are not in agreement with multi- crystal U-Pb TIMS and SIMS ages that suggest coeval deposition of the Candiota and Faxinal coals. CA-TIMS analyses applied to zircons from additional ash deposits are aimed at constructing a robust chronostratigraphic framework for the Carboniferous- Permian succession of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which will facilitate a better understanding of the timing and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5010/sir20165010.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5010/sir20165010.pdf"><span>Seepage investigation of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from below Leasburg Dam, Leasburg, New Mexico, to above American Dam, El Paso, Texas, 2014</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Briody, Alyse C.; Robertson, Andrew J.; Thomas, Nicole</p> <p>2016-03-22</p> <p>Seepage investigations have been conducted annually by the U.S. Geological Survey from 1988 to 1998 and from 2004 to the present (2014) along a 64-mile reach of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from below Leasburg Dam, Leasburg, New Mexico, to above American Dam, El Paso, Texas, as part of the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span> monitoring program. Results of the investigation conducted in 2014 are presented in this report. The 2014 seepage investigation was conducted on February 11, 2014, during the low-flow conditions of the non-irrigation season. During the 2014 investigation, discharge was measured at 23 sites along the main-stem <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and 19 inflow sites within the study reach. Because of extended drought conditions affecting the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, many sites along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (17 main-stem and 9 inflow) were observed to be dry in February 2014. Water-quality samples were collected during the seepage investigation at sites with flowing water as part of a long-term monitoring effort in the region.Net seepage gain or loss was computed for each subreach (the interval between two adjacent measurement locations along the river) by subtracting the discharge measured at the upstream location from the discharge measured at the closest downstream location along the river and then subtracting any inflow to the river within the subreach. An estimated gain or loss was determined to be meaningful when it exceeded the cumulative measurement uncertainty associated with the net seepage computation. The cumulative seepage loss in the 64-mile study reach in 2014 was 16.0 plus or minus 2.9 cubic feet per second.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUFM.H11C0673G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUFM.H11C0673G"><span>Development of a Hydrologic Model to Assess the Feasibility of Water Leasing in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Garner, C. B.; Boyle, D. P.; Lamorey, G. W.; Bassett, S. D.</p> <p>2007-12-01</p> <p>The demand for water in the southwestern United States has increased in tandem with a rapid growth of population over the past 50 years. With ever increasing demands being placed on available water supplies, improving water management becomes crucial to the sustainability of the region's water resources. The National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center (STC) for the Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) is interested in the feasibility of water leasing as a method for more efficiently distributing water among competing users. Economists working on the project will run water leasing simulations in an auction-type environment to understand the pros and cons of water leasing in a free market system. To include hydrologic processes in the water leasing simulations, an MMS-PRMS hydrologic model was developed for a portion of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (MRGB) near Albuquerque, New Mexico. This portion of the MRGB contains a detailed network of diversions, canals, and drains that transport water through the system. In order to capture the complexity of the system, the model was developed using the highest resolution information available. In the model, each Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU) is represented as a trader. To achieve the 15 trader limit desired by economists, the model structure was simplified using two basic constraints; 1) HRUs having a common source and point of return to the river were lumped; and 2) HRUs with less than 20% agricultural land use were omitted from the auction simulations. A new Evapotranspiration (ET) module was implemented in the model to better estimate ET associated with different crops. Modules were also developed so that the end user has the flexibility to manipulate water deliveries based on crop type and land use. The MMS- PRMS model for the MRGB should help economists determine if the incentive to profit by selling or buying water can make more efficient use of the available water supply.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li class="active"><span>14</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_14 --> <div id="page_15" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="281"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1281/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1281/"><span>Water-Level Data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Adjacent Areas, Central New Mexico, Period of Record Through 2004</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>DeWees, R.K.</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompass the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> are obtained solely from ground-water resources. An increase of approximately 20 percent in the population from 1991 to present also resulted in an increased demand for water. From April 1982 through September 1983, a network of wells was established to monitor changes in ground-water levels throughout the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly. Currently (2004), the network consists of 234 wells and piezometers. This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at 155 sites through 2004. Water-level and other data for 71 sites are collected by other agencies. Water-level data for 8 sites of the 155 sites measured by the U.S. Geological Survey were not available for this report.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.T51D0516B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.T51D0516B"><span>Gravity and Seismic Investigations of the Northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift Area, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Braile, L. W.; Deepak, A.; Helprin, O.; Kondas, S.; Maguire, H.; McCallister, B.; Orubu, A.; Rijfkogel, L.; Schumann, H.; Vannette, M.; Wanpiyarat, N.; Carchedi, C.; Ferguson, J. F.; McPhee, D.; Biehler, S.; Ralston, M. D.; Baldridge, W. S.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>Participants in the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE, a research and education program in applied geophysics for undergraduate and graduate students) program have studied the northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift (RGR) area of New Mexico for the past thirty-five years. In recent years, the SAGE program has focused on the western edge of the Española <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the transition into the Santo Domingo <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the Valles caldera. During this time, we have collected about 50 km of seismic reflection and refraction data along approximately East-West profiles using a 120 channel data acquisition system with a 20 m station interval and a Vibroseis source. We also have access to several energy-industry seismic reflection record sections from the 1970s in the study area. During SAGE 2017, new gravity measurements north of the Jemez Mountains and a seismic reflection profile (<span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Truchas Profile) in the Valarde graben adjacent to the eastern boundary of the RGR have added new constraints to a west-to-east transect in area of the northern RGR. The recorded near-vertical and wide-angle seismic refection data were processed to produce a CMP (common midpoint) stacked record section. Bandpass filtering, muting, deconvolution, and F-K velocity filtering were found to be effective in enhancing the seismic reflections. Modeling and interpretation of the northern RGR west-to-east geophysical profile indicates that the sedimentary rock fill in the Velarde graben is at least 3 km near the center of the graben. Gravity modeling also suggests the presence of a high-density intrusion at the top of the crystalline basement in an area to the north and west of Abiquiu, NM.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011IJEaS.100..543B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011IJEaS.100..543B"><span>The Itajaí foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span>: a tectono-sedimentary record of the Ediacaran period, Southern Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Basei, M. A. S.; Drukas, C. O.; Nutman, A. P.; Wemmer, K.; Dunyi, L.; Santos, P. R.; Passarelli, C. R.; Campos Neto, M. C.; Siga, O.; Osako, L.</p> <p>2011-04-01</p> <p>The Itajaí <span class="hlt">Basin</span> located in the southern border of the Luís Alves Microplate is considered as a peripheral foreland <span class="hlt">basin</span> related to the Dom Feliciano Belt. It presents an excellent record of the Ediacaran period, and its upper parts display the best Brazilian example of Precambrian turbiditic deposits. The basal succession of Itajaí Group is represented by sandstones and conglomerates (Baú Formation) deposited in alluvial and deltaic-fan systems. The marine upper sequences correspond to the Ribeirão Carvalho (channelized and non-channelized proximal silty-argillaceous rhythmic turbidites), Ribeirão Neisse (arkosic sandstones and siltites), and Ribeirão do Bode (distal silty turbidites) formations. The Apiúna Formation felsic volcanic rocks crosscut the sedimentary succession. The Cambrian Subida leucosyenogranite represents the last felsic magmatic activity to affect the Itajaí <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The Brusque Group and the Florianópolis Batholith are proposed as source areas for the sediments of the upper sequence. For the lower continental units the source areas are the Santa Catarina, São Miguel and Camboriú complexes. The lack of any oceanic crust in the Itajaí <span class="hlt">Basin</span> suggests that the marine units were deposited in a restricted, internal sea. The sedimentation started around 600 Ma and ended before 560 Ma as indicated by the emplacement of rhyolitic domes. The Itajaí <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is temporally and tectonically correlated with the Camaquã <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul and the Arroyo del Soldado/Piriápolis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in Uruguay. It also has several tectono-sedimentary characteristics in common with the African-equivalent Nama <span class="hlt">Basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110023697','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110023697"><span>Astrobiology Field Research in Moon/Mars Analogue Environments: Preface</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Foing, B. H.; Stoker, C.; Ehrenfreund, P.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Extreme environments on Earth often provide similar terrain conditions to landing/operation sites on Moon and Mars. Several field campaigns (EuroGeoMars2009 and DOMMEX/ILEWG EuroMoonMars from November 2009 to March 2010) were conducted at the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) in Utah. Some of the key astrobiology results are presented in this special issue on Astrobiology field research in Moon/Mars analogue environments relevant to investigate the link between geology, minerals, organics and biota. Preliminary results from a multidisciplinary field campaign at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> in Spain are presented.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/62/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/62/"><span>Geophysical expression of elements of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift in the northeast Tusas Mountains - Preliminary interpretations</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Drenth, Benjamin J.; Turner, Kenzie J.; Thompson, Ren A.; Grauch, V. J.; Cosca, Michael A.; Lee, John</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>New interpretations of the nature of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift and pre-existing rocks in the northeast Tusas Mountains region are derived from new and existing gravity and aeromagnetic data. 12-15 mGal amplitude gravity lows are interpreted to mainly reflect large thicknesses of the upper Oligocene to upper Miocene, syn-rift Los Pinos Formation and possibly significant amounts of the Eocene El Rito Formation. The Broke Off Mountain sub <span class="hlt">basin</span>, named after the location of its greatest inferred depth, is interpreted to be a ~40 km long and ~13 km wide structure elongated in a northwest trend at the western margin of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The sub <span class="hlt">basin</span> is interpreted to contain a maximum combined thickness of 900-2300 m of the Los Pinos Formation and El Rito Formation, with the Los Pinos Formation constituting the majority of the section. Sub <span class="hlt">basin</span> age is constrained to be older than 21.6 ± 1.4 Ma, the age of a Hinsdale Formation basalt flow that caps the Los Pinos Formation section at Broke Off Mountain. This age constraint and surface geology indicate a pre- and early-rift age. The structural fabric of the northeast Tusas Mountains region is dominated by northwest-trending normal faults, as indicated by geologic mapping and interpretation of aeromagnetic data. Preliminary analysis of the aeromagnetic data suggests that lineaments, possibly reflecting faulting, trend through volcanic rocks as young as Pliocene in age. If correct, these interpretations challenge commonly held beliefs regarding two stages in the structural style of rifting, where early (Oligocene-Miocene) rifting was characterized by broad, shallow <span class="hlt">basins</span> bounded by northwest-trending faults and later (Miocene-Pliocene) rifting was characterized by deep, narrow <span class="hlt">basins</span> bounded by north-trending faults. The Broke Off Mountain sub <span class="hlt">basin</span> is a counter example of a pre- and early-rift, deep and narrow <span class="hlt">basin</span>. We hypothesize that the Broke Off Mountain sub <span class="hlt">basin</span> may represent a southward extension of the Monte Vista</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.T43D..07A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.T43D..07A"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift evolution and accommodation mechanisms as revealed through low-temperature thermochronometry</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Abbey, A. L.; Niemi, N. A.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>Low-temperature thermochronometry in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift (RGR) in CO and NM, USA, allows for quantification of exhumation magnitudes and rates across the rift and reveals insights into rift <span class="hlt">basin</span> segmentation and symmetry as well as the timing of extensional fault initiation and dominant mechanisms for rift accommodation. We combine new apatite helium (AHe) and zircon helium (ZHe) thermochronologic data with previously published AHe and apatite fission track (AFT) data to compile 17 vertical transects, each consisting of at least four samples, spanning more than >800 km along the RGR axis. Inverse thermal modeling (QTQt; Gallagher, 2012) of these vertical transects and compilation of bimodal rift related volcanism highlight transfer regions that separate several asymmetric <span class="hlt">basins</span> with opposing fault dip directions. The Tularosa, Jornada and Albuquerque <span class="hlt">basins</span>, in the southern RGR show extension initiation ca. 15 Ma with 3-4 km of exhumation accommodated on east dipping faults. Northward, the Española <span class="hlt">basin</span>, a transfer zone of several strike slip, oblique-slip and smaller normal faults, does not record significant exhumation since the early Cenozoic. In the north-central part of the rift data from the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> reveals 3-5 km of exhumation on west dipping faults began 20-15 Ma. East dipping faults in the upper Arkansas and Blue River grabens represent the northern extent of the rift and accommodate 3-5 km of exhumation beginning 15-10 Ma. RGR extension and magmatism initiation is commonly cited at 28 Ma (Tweto, 1979) however, our low-temperature thermochronometry modeling indicates that the majority of upper crustal extension initiated somewhat synchronously 15 Ma along the entire length of the rift. Rift related volcanism increased significantly in volume at 15 Ma, as well, but the locus of this volcanism is the Jemez lineament rather than the rift axis. As a result rifting within the RGR appears to be accommodated primarily by extensional faulting, with the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5207/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5207/"><span>Survey of hydrologic models and hydrologic data needs for tracking flow in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, north-central New Mexico, 2010</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Tillery, Anne; Eggleston, Jack R.</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The six Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Pueblos have prior and paramount rights to deliveries of water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for their use. When the pueblos or the Bureau of Indian Affairs Designated Engineer identifies a need for additional flow on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, the Designated Engineer is tasked with deciding the timing and amount of releases of prior and paramount water from storage at El Vado Reservoir to meet the needs of the pueblos. Over the last three decades, numerous models have been developed by Federal, State, and local agencies in New Mexico to simulate, understand, and (or) manage flows in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande upstream from Elephant Butte Reservoir. In 2008, the Coalition of Six Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Pueblos entered into a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct a comprehensive survey of these hydrologic models and their capacity to quantify and track various components of flow. The survey of hydrologic models provided in this report will help water-resource managers at the pueblos, as well as the Designated Engineer, make informed water-resource-management decisions that affect the prior and paramount water use. Analysis of 4 publicly available surface-water models and 13 publicly available groundwater models shows that, although elements from many models can be helpful in tracking flow in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, numerous data gaps and modeling needs indicate that accurate, consistent, and timely tracking of flow on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande could be improved. Deficient or poorly constrained hydrologic variables are sources of uncertainty in hydrologic models that can be reduced with the acquisition of more refined data. Data gaps need to be filled to allow hydrologic models to be run on a real-time basis and thus ensure predictable water deliveries to meet needs for irrigation, domestic, stock, and other water uses. Timeliness of flow-data reporting is necessary to facilitate real-time model simulation, but even daily data are sometimes difficult to</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1914112R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1914112R"><span>Coupling climate conditions, sediment sources and sediment transport in an alpine <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Rainato, Riccardo; Picco, Lorenzo; Cavalli, Marco; Mao, Luca; Neverman, Andrew J.; Tarolli, Paolo</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>In a fluvial system, mountain <span class="hlt">basins</span> control sediment export to the lowland rivers. Hence, the analysis of the erosion processes and sediment delivery patterns that act in mountain <span class="hlt">basins</span> is important. Several studies have investigated the alterations triggered by recent climatic change on the hydrological regime, whilst only a few works have explored the consequences on the sediment dynamics. Here we combined and analyzed the quasi-unique dataset of climatic conditions, landscape response, and sediment export produced, since 1986 in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cordon <span class="hlt">basin</span> (5 km2, Eastern Italian Alps) to examine the sediment delivery processes occurring in the last three decades. The temperature, precipitation, and fluvial sediment fluxes in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were analyzed using continuous measurement executed by a permanent monitoring station, while the landscape evolution was investigated by three sediment source inventories established in 1994, 2006, and 2016. Thus, the analysis focused on the trends exhibited during the periods 1986-1993, 1994-2006, and 2007-2015. In terms of climatic conditions, three distinct climate forcing stages can be observed in the periods analyzed: a relatively stable phase (1986-1993), a period characterized by temperature and rainfall fluctuations (1994-2006), and a more recent warmer and wetter phase (2007-2015). In the 1986-1993 period, the fluvial sediment fluxes reflected the stable trend exhibited by the climatic conditions. In the subsequent 1994-2006 period, the average temperature and precipitation were in line with that previously observed, although with higher interannual variability. Notwithstanding the climate forcing and the occurrence of high magnitude/low frequency floods that strongly influenced the source areas, between 1994 and 2006 the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cordon <span class="hlt">basin</span> showed relatively limited erosion activity. Hence, the climatic conditions and the landscape response can only partially explain the strong increase of sediment export recorded in the 1994</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3633249','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3633249"><span>Diversity of Non-Biting Midge Larvae Assemblages in the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Floss, Elzira Cecília Serafini; Kotzian, Carla Bender; Spies, Márcia Regina; Secretti, Elisangela</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The richness and composition of a mountain-river chironomid larvae assemblage in the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil were studied, and compared with other riverine non-biting midge larvae assemblages previously studied in the country. Additionally, the influence of some regional-scale environmental characteristics on the spatial distribution of these assemblages was tested. The specimens were collected at 12 sites in the middle course of the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">basin</span> (in the state of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul) between April 2000 and May 2002. Around 100 taxa were recorded. The dominant taxa belonged to the genera Rheotanytarsus, Cricotopus, Polypedilum, and Pseudochironomus. Twenty-two rare taxa were found, representing 22% of the total of taxa inventoried. Fourteen genera (Aedokritus, Axarus, Endotribelos, Kiefferulus, Manoa, Oukuriella, Phaenopsectra, Stenochironomus, Xenochironomus, Xestochironomus, Cardiocladius, Metriocnemus, Paracladius, and Rheocricotopus) represent new occurrences in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul. The similarity analysis of the chironomid larvae assemblages inventoried in 32 regions of Brazil indicated five groups with similarity higher than 50%. The groups, when the effects of spatial autocorrelation were removed, displayed a weak positive correlation between the assemblage composition and the aquatic system or hydraulic conditions and the hydrographic <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and a weak negative correlation in relation to the biome. The altitude showed no correlation with the composition of the assemblage. The relatively high richness of the region surveyed in relation to other Brazilian regions corroborates some tendencies already noted in other parts of the world, such as: i) lotic systems may constitute an exception to the rule that diversity is greater in tropical regions, ii) regions of transitional relief may contain the greatest richness of Chironomidae, and iii) in rivers, the group might have its spatial distribution influenced to a greater extent by local environmental</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23451870','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23451870"><span>Diversity of non-biting midge larvae assemblages in the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Floss, Elzira Cecília Serafini; Kotzian, Carla Bender; Spies, Márcia Regina; Secretti, Elisangela</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The richness and composition of a mountain-river chironomid larvae assemblage in the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Brazil were studied, and compared with other riverine non-biting midge larvae assemblages previously studied in the country. Additionally, the influence of some regional-scale environmental characteristics on the spatial distribution of these assemblages was tested. The specimens were collected at 12 sites in the middle course of the Jacuí River <span class="hlt">basin</span> (in the state of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul) between April 2000 and May 2002. Around 100 taxa were recorded. The dominant taxa belonged to the genera Rheotanytarsus, Cricotopus, Polypedilum, and Pseudochironomus. Twenty-two rare taxa were found, representing 22% of the total of taxa inventoried. Fourteen genera (Aedokritus, Axarus, Endotribelos, Kiefferulus, Manoa, Oukuriella, Phaenopsectra, Stenochironomus, Xenochironomus, Xestochironomus, Cardiocladius, Metriocnemus, Paracladius, and Rheocricotopus) represent new occurrences in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul. The similarity analysis of the chironomid larvae assemblages inventoried in 32 regions of Brazil indicated five groups with similarity higher than 50%. The groups, when the effects of spatial autocorrelation were removed, displayed a weak positive correlation between the assemblage composition and the aquatic system or hydraulic conditions and the hydrographic <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and a weak negative correlation in relation to the biome. The altitude showed no correlation with the composition of the assemblage. The relatively high richness of the region surveyed in relation to other Brazilian regions corroborates some tendencies already noted in other parts of the world, such as: i) lotic systems may constitute an exception to the rule that diversity is greater in tropical regions, ii) regions of transitional relief may contain the greatest richness of Chironomidae, and iii) in rivers, the group might have its spatial distribution influenced to a greater extent by local environmental</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JGRB..122.2173N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JGRB..122.2173N"><span>Seismicity of the rocky mountains and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift from the EarthScope Transportable Array and CREST temporary seismic networks, 2008-2010</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Nakai, J. S.; Sheehan, A. F.; Bilek, S. L.</p> <p>2017-03-01</p> <p>We developed a catalog of small magnitude (ML -0.1 to 4.7) seismicity across Colorado and New Mexico from the EarthScope USArray Transportable Array and CREST (Colorado Rocky Mountains Experiment and Seismic Transects) seismic networks from 2008 to 2010 to characterize active deformation in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift. We recorded over 900 earthquakes in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift region, not including induced earthquakes and mine blasts, and find that the rift is actively deforming both broadly and in distinct regions. Seismic events that are likely induced, mostly in the Raton <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, make up 66% of the catalog (1837 earthquakes). Neogene faults in the northern rift in north central Colorado are seismically active in the North Park <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and northwestern Colorado. The central rift from the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (southern Colorado) to south of the Socorro Magma Body is the most seismically active rift region, and seismicity delineates the deformation in the Colorado Plateau transition zone, which is spatially correlated with volcanic vents, dikes, and faults within the western Jemez Lineament. The eastern Jemez Lineament is nearly aseismic and surrounded by a halo of seismicity culminating in boundaries defined by recent moderate (Mw 3.9 and Mw 3.3) earthquakes. The southern rift is characterized by diffuse seismicity in Texas and Mexico. This study provides an updated seismic catalog built with uniformity in seismometer coverage and low epicentral uncertainties ( 2 km) that allows for regional evaluation of seismicity. During this time period, clusters of seismicity and moderate magnitude earthquakes characterize deformation in a low-strain rate extensional environment.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMOS23C2031A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMOS23C2031A"><span>Tracking recent climate and anthropogenic change in Central America in sediments form the lower fan of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Yaqui, Gulf of California, Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Aiello, I. W.; Ravelo, A. C.; Moraes, R.; Swarzenski, P. W.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>We report the results of preliminary sedimentologic analyses of a ~3.3m long piston core (P13) collected in the lower fan of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Yaqui (Guaymas <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Gulf of California; depth, 1859m) by UNAM's (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) research ship El Puma in 2014. The core was collected to test the potential for high-resolution reconstructions of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-scale paleoclimate in the Pacific and the Mesoamerican region. Shipboard and post-cruise analyses include magnetic susceptibility (MS), smear slide counts and laser diffraction particle size analysis. The core is being analyzed for X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and color reflectance, and a 210Pb age model is being constructed. Preliminary results show that <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Yaqui lower fan sediment differs significantly from that in the Guaymas <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which is dominantly diatom ooze. The lower ~2m of core P13 show prominent alternations (~10-20cm) between very-fine-grained, clay intervals characterized by higher MS and mixed diatom and clay intervals, with coarser grain size and lower MS values. In contrast, the upper ~1m has distinctive high MS sand turbidites alternating with diatom-rich layers. Previous core studies from nearby ODP Leg 64 site show sedimentation rates of ~1.2 m/ka; as these sites are further away from the Yaqui delta the sedimentation rates for core P13 should be higher possibly recording only the last few hundred years of sedimentation. Clay/diatom cycles in the lower part of the core could record decadal- or ENSO-scale wet/aridity cycles in the Sonoran Mainland. Conversely, the coarser siliciclastic intervals and the diatom layers in the upper part of the core could reflect the last few decades of land usage in the watershed of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Yaqui, the most important river in the state of Sonora, Mexico. These include large modifications to the river's hydrography (e.g. construction of dams and aqueducts), rapidly expanding mass agricultural practices in the region, and increased eutrophication in the Gulf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016cosp...41E..78H','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016cosp...41E..78H"><span>The BDS iGMAS <span class="hlt">RIOS</span> station at Observató<span class="hlt">rio</span> Nacional, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Humberto Andrei, Alexandre; Song, Shuli; Junqueira, Selma; Beauvalet, Laurene</p> <p>2016-07-01</p> <p>GNSS navigation satellites are currently being developed by all major players in the science and technology scene, to compete with the GPS system. Because their applications span many different areas, from traffic and cargo control, to geodesy and seismic monitoring, it is required to assess the coherence between the different constellations. BDS is the GNSS system currently developed in China. Its first generation of satellites consisted of 3 geostationnary satellites allowing geolocalisation in China only. In addition to these satellites, other satellites have been launched in geostationnary and geosynchronous orbits, as well as satellites orbiting with a classical GNSS semi-major axis. With these additions, the BDS system possesses 19 operating satellites, and though the system is mostly efficient for geolocalisation in Asia, the satellites are also visible in other parts of the globe. In parallel to the development of the BDS constellation, China has launched the iGMAS (International GNSS Monitoring and Assessment Service) project to develop a global tracking network of multi-GNSS geodetic receivers. One of the goals of this project is to evaluate the efficiency of the BDS constellation as well as the efficiency of the receivers developed by the Chinese laboratories. As part of the Brazilian program COSBAN leaded by the Foreign Affairs Ministry to foster up the science and technology partnership with China, materialized by the collaboration between the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory/CAS and the Observató<span class="hlt">rio</span> Nacional/MCTI, in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro. Through it the <span class="hlt">RIOS</span>-iGMAS station was installed at Observató<span class="hlt">rio</span> Nacional, where the RJEP GNSS station already operates as part of the Brazilian reference system. Thus at the Observató<span class="hlt">rio</span> Nacional can be observed satellites from any constellation with both systems of reception, leading to a direct, efficient way to compare the results obtained for each network. In this communication we focus on the determination of the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70022985','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70022985"><span>The occurrence and distribution of selected trace elements in the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and tributaries in Colorado and Northern New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Taylor, Howard E.; Antweiler, Ronald C.; Roth, D.A.; Brinton, T.I.; Peart, D.B.; Healy, D.F.</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>Two sampling trips were undertaken in 1994 to determine the distribution of trace elements in the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and several of its tributaries. Water discharges decreased in the main stem of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from June to September, whereas dissolved concentrations of trace elements generally increased. This is attributed to dilution of base flow from snowmelt runoff in the June samples. Of the three major mining districts (Creede, Summitville, and Red River) in the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>, only the Creede District appears to impact the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in a significant manner, with both waters and sediments having elevated concentrations of some trace elements considerably downriver. For example, dissolved zinc concentrations upriver of Willow Creek, which primarily drains the Creede District, were about 2-3 μg/L; immediately downstream of the Willow Creek confluence, concentrations were above 20 μg/L; and elevated concentrations occurred in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for the next 100 km. The Red River District does not significantly impact the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for most trace elements. Because of current water management practices, it is difficult to assess the impact of the Summitville District on the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. There are, however, large increases in many dissolved trace element concentrations as the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande passes through the San Luis Valley, coincident with elevated concentrations of those same trace elements in tributaries. Among these elements are As, B, Cr, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sr, U, and V. None of the trace elements exceeded U.S. EPA primary drinking water standards in either survey, with the exception of cadmium in Willow Creek. Secondary drinking water standards were frequently violated, especially in tributaries draining areas where mining has occurred. Dissolved zinc (in Willow Creek in both June and September) was the only element that exceeded the EPA Water Quality Criteria for aquatic life of 120 μg/L.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ESuD....4..831W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ESuD....4..831W"><span>Reconstruction of North American drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> and river discharge since the Last Glacial Maximum</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Wickert, Andrew D.</p> <p>2016-11-01</p> <p>Over the last glacial cycle, ice sheets and the resultant glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) rearranged river systems. As these riverine threads that tied the ice sheets to the sea were stretched, severed, and restructured, they also shrank and swelled with the pulse of meltwater inputs and time-varying drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span> areas, and sometimes delivered enough meltwater to the oceans in the right places to influence global climate. Here I present a general method to compute past river flow paths, drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span> geometries, and river discharges, by combining models of past ice sheets, glacial isostatic adjustment, and climate. The result is a time series of synthetic paleohydrographs and drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span> maps from the Last Glacial Maximum to present for nine major drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> - the Mississippi, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, Columbia, Mackenzie, Hudson Bay, Saint Lawrence, Hudson, and Susquehanna/Chesapeake Bay. These are based on five published reconstructions of the North American ice sheets. I compare these maps with drainage reconstructions and discharge histories based on a review of observational evidence, including river deposits and terraces, isotopic records, mineral provenance markers, glacial moraine histories, and evidence of ice stream and tunnel valley flow directions. The sharp boundaries of the reconstructed past drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> complement the flexurally smoothed GIA signal that is more often used to validate ice-sheet reconstructions, and provide a complementary framework to reduce nonuniqueness in model reconstructions of the North American ice-sheet complex.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35706','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35706"><span>Effects of livestock grazing on nutrient retention in a headwater stream of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Mark A. Sewards; H. Maurice Valett</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p>Sediment and nutrient loss from headwater streams of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the semi-arid Southwest have been attributed to both over-grazing by livestock and to climatic cycles that influence arroyo formation. Considerable effort has been directed toward the influence of livestock grazing on riparian species abundance and diversity. Less work has concentrated on the...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1125/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1125/"><span>Water-Level Data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Adjacent Areas, Central New Mexico, Period of Record Through September 30, 2008</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompass the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> are currently (2008) obtained soley from ground-water resources. An increase of about 20 percent in the population from 1990 to 2000 also resulted in an increased demand for water. A network of wells was established to monitor changes in ground-water levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from April 1982 through September 1983. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2008), the network consists of 144 wells and piezometers. This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at 125 sites through water-year 2008. In addition, data from 19 wells (Sites 127-30, 132-134, 136, 138-142 and 144-149) owned, maintained, and measured by Sandia National Laboratories are presented in this report.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGP13A1285R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGP13A1285R"><span>Tectonic framework of the southern portion of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span> based on magnetotelluric method: a contribution to the understanding of unconventional reservoirs</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Rolim, S.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The characterization of the tectonic framework of Paleozoic terrains is crucial for the investigation of unconventional fractured volcanic reservoirs. In recent years, the need for exploitation of these areas showed the value of the non-seismic methods in Brazil. Here we present the results of a magnetotelluric imaging (MT) to identify and characterize the structural framework of the southern portion of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, southern Brazil. We carried out a SW-NE ,1200 km-long MT profile, with 68 stations spaced between 5-15 km on the southernmost states in Brazil. The observation of the PSI profile highlights the presence of large scale NW-SE faults and emphasize the presence of two major regional structures: (i) the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Arc in the southern portion, and (ii) the Torres Syncline in the northern portion. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Arc is a horst highlighted by the basement uplift and the thicker layers of sedimentary rocks in the extremes south and north of this structure. The fault system observed along the profile suggests simultaneously uplifting of the basement and deposition of the sedimentary sequences of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. This hypothesis is in agreement with stratigraphic, borehole and geochronological data, which have shown that the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande arc is contemporaneous with the deposition of the Triassic to Early Jurassic sediments. The Torres Syncline is a structure characterized by the increasing thickness of sedimentary layers in the north section of our MT profile. The continuity of the layers is interrupted by large regional fault systems, which also affect the volcanic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation, indicating that the faults were active after the Cretaceous. The results show that the MT modeling brings a distinct contribution to the understanding of the present structural architecture of the Paraná <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the construction of a model for potential fractured volcanic reservoirs.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0100/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0100/report.pdf"><span>Use of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) to assess occurrence and estimate water concentrations of selected organic compounds in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from Presidio to Brownsville, Texas</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Moring, J. Bruce</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>In Texas, the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande forms the international boundary between Mexico and the United States and extends about 2,000 kilometers from El Paso to the mouth of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande just south of Brownsville, where the river flows into the Gulf of Mexico (fig. 1). The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has resulted in increased industrialization and population growth on both sides of the international boundary, which in turn has focused attention on environmental issues, including water quality and quantity in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. Nonpoint urban and agricultural runoff and wastewater discharges from industrial and municipal facilities are potential sources of organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Historical applications of organochlorine pesticides such as DOT and chlordane in the United States and Mexico have resulted in a continuing source of these environmentally longlived compounds in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. In the United States, all organochlorine pesticides either have been banned entirely or have use restrictions. However, in Mexico, the organochlorine pesticide DOT is still in use, although with some application restrictions.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70154861','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70154861"><span>Water quality and amphibian health in the Big Bend region of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Sharma, Bibek; Hu, F.; Carr, J.A.; Patino, Reynaldo</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Male and female <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande leopard frogs (Rana berlandieri) were collected in May 2005 from the main stem and tributaries of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in the Big Bend region of Texas. Frogs were examined for (1) incidence of testicular ovarian follicles in males; (2) thyroid epithelial cell height, a potential index of exposure to thyroid-disrupting contaminants; and (3) incidence of liver melanomacrophage aggregates, a general index of exposure to contaminants. Standard parameters of surface water quality and concentrations of selected elements, including heavy metals, were determined at each frog collection site. Heavy metals also were measured in whole-frog composite extracts. Water cadmium concentrations in most sites and chloride concentrations in the main stem exceeded federal criteria for freshwater aquatic life. Mercury was detected in frogs from the two collection sites in Terlingua Creek. There was a seventeen percent incidence of testicular ovarian follicles in male frogs. Mean thyroid epithelial cell height was greater in frogs from one of the Terlingua Creek sites (Terlingua Abajo). No differences were observed in the incidence of hepatic macrophage aggregates among sites. In conclusion, although potential cause-effect relationships between indices of habitat quality and amphibian health could not be established, the results of this study raise concerns about the general quality of the aquatic habitat and the potential long-term consequences to the aquatic biota of the Big Bend region. The presence of ovarian follicles in male frogs is noteworthy but further study is necessary to determine whether this phenomenon is natural or anthropogenically induced.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_15 --> <div id="page_16" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="301"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5200/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5200/"><span>Ground-Water Temperature, Noble Gas, and Carbon Isotope Data from the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Manning, Andrew H.</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>Ground-water samples were collected from 56 locations throughout the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and analyzed for general chemistry (major ions and trace elements), carbon isotopes (delta 13C and 14C activity) in dissolved inorganic carbon, noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and 3He/4He ratio), and tritium. Temperature profiles were measured at six locations in the southeastern part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Temperature profiles suggest that ground water generally becomes warmer with distance from the mountains and that most ground-water flow occurs at depths 50 years old, consistent with the 14C ages. Terrigenic He (Heterr) concentrations in ground water are high (log Delta Heterr of 2 to 5) throughout much of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. High Heterr concentrations are probably caused by in situ production in the Tesuque Formation from locally high concentrations of U-bearing minerals (Northeast zone only), or by upward diffusive/advective transport of crustal- and mantle-sourced He possibly enhanced by basement piercing faults, or by both. The 3He/4He ratio of Heterr (Rterr) is commonly high (Rterr/Ra of 0.3-2.0, where Ra is the 3He/4He ratio in air) suggesting that Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span> ground water commonly contains mantle-sourced He. The 3He/4He ratio of Heterr is generally the highest in the western and southern parts of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, closest to the western border fault system and the Quaternary to Miocene volcanics of the Jemez Mountains and Cerros del <span class="hlt">Rio</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070017451&hterms=Paleobiology&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3DPaleobiology','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070017451&hterms=Paleobiology&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3DPaleobiology"><span>Considerations on Terrestrial Iron Depositing Analogs to Earliest Mars</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Brown, Igor I.; Allen, Carlton C.; Sarkisova, S. A.; Garrison, D. H.; McKay, D. S.</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>Iron oxide and hydroxide minerals, including hematite, can mineralize and preservemicrofossils and physical biomarkers (Allen at al., 2004). Preserved remnants of phototrophic microorganisms are recognized as biosignatures of past life on Earth (Schopf, 2006). To date, two types of surface iron depositing environments have been studied as analogs to possible habitable environments on earliest Mars: the highly acidified <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> River (Iberian Belt, Spain) [Gomez Ortis et al., 2007], and the nearneutral iron depositing Chocolate Pots Hot Spring (Yellowstone National Park, US) [Parenteau at al., 2005]. While phototrophs in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> are only represented by eukaryotic algae (Amaral Zettler et all., 2002), Chocolate Pots is mainly populated with cyanobacteria (Pierson et all., 2000; Brown et all., 2007). Which of these environments is the closer analog to a potentially habitable early Mars? Paleobiological data, combined with recent "tree of life" interpretations, suggest that phototrophic eukaryotes evolved not earlier than 2.5 - 2.8 b.y. after Earth s accretion (4.6 b.y.), while cyanobacteria and /or their iron-tolerant predecessors evolved between 1 - 1.5 b.y. after accretion (Brown et al., 2007). Lindsay and Brasier (2002) postulated that microbial life on Mars surface could have lasted no more than 1-1.5 b.y. after Mars accretion (also 4.6 b.y.). Recent multispectral mapping of Mars suggests that near-neutral wet environments prevailed at approximately this time (Bibring, et al., 2006). Thus, near-neutral iron depositing hot springs such as Chocolate Pots Hot Spring seem to be the more likely habitable analogs for earliest Mars.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..18.8703R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..18.8703R"><span>Memory effect triggered by exceptional event: the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cordon study case</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Rainato, Riccardo; Mao, Luca; Picco, Lorenzo; Garcia-Rama, Adriana; Aristide Lenzi, Mario</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>In the mountain environment, the steep channels play a key-role in the drainage networks. Notably, the sediment transport processes that here occur, can affect aspects as the geomorphic changes, channel evolution, reservoir management, infrastructure design and hazard assessment. Due to the complex and changeable hydraulic and morphological features that characterize the mountain environment, the steep channels can exhibit fluvial and/or debris-flow transport with magnitude of sediment delivery that, in the same <span class="hlt">basin</span>, may strongly vary from event to event. In the light of these challenging conditions, appears clear as an accurate monitoring and investigation of sediment dynamics is of critical importance in the steep mountain channels. Such monitoring has even more significance if it is maintained over long-period, enabling to investigate even the role of high magnitude/low frequency events. Using a dataset 29 years-wide, this work aims to investigate the temporal trend of sediment dynamic in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cordon (Eastern Italian Alps). The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cordon is a steep mountain channel (mean slope = 13%) characterized by step-pool and riffle-pool morphology. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> (5 km2)exhibits a prevalent nivo-pluvial runoff regime. Since 1986, the catchment is equipped with a monitoring station, that continuously records water discharge, bedload and suspended load (at 1 hr intervals, and 5 min intervals during floods). In September 1994 an exceptional event (RI > 100 years) occurred in the study site, mobilizing about 4000 tons of material. Currently, the structure is managed by ARPA Veneto - Regional Department for Land Safety. In terms of magnitude, the 31 floods recorded by the monitoring station show a wide range of hydraulic forcing (i.e. peak discharge and effective runoff) and amount transported. Specifically, Qpeak ranges within one order of magnitude (1.02 - 10.42 m3 s-1), while the amount of bedload and suspended load varies by more than 3 orders (i.e. 0.9 t < BL < 1541.7 t</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35710','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/35710"><span>Distribution of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande cutthroat trout and its co-occurrence with the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande sucker and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande chub on the Carson and Santa Fe National Forests</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Bob Calamusso; John N. Rinne</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p>Studies were initiated in June, 1994 by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station to update knowledge on the distribution of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande cutthroat trout a Forest Service Sensitive Species, and its co-occurrence with two native cypriniforms, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande sucker and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Chub. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande sucker IS listed as endangered by the...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AGUFM.T21E2212B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AGUFM.T21E2212B"><span>Seismic Investigations of an Accommodation zone in the Northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift, New Mexico, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Baldridge, W. S.; Valdes, J.; Nedorub, O.; Phrampus, B.; Braile, L. W.; Ferguson, J. F.; Benage, M. C.; Litherland, M.</p> <p>2010-12-01</p> <p>Seismic reflection and refraction data acquired in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift near Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 2009 and 2010 by the SAGE (Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience) program imaged the La Bajada fault (LBF) and strata offset across the associated, perpendicular Budagher fault (BF). The LBF is a major <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding normal fault, offset down to the west; the smaller BF is an extensional fault that breaks the hanging wall ramp of the LBF. We chose this area because it is in a structurally complex region of the rift, comprising a small sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span> and plunging relay ramps, where north-trending, en echelon <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding faults (including the LBF) transfer crustal extension laterally between the larger Española (to north) and Albuquerque rift <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Our data help determine the precise location and geometry of the poorly exposed LBF, which, near the survey location, offsets the rift margin vertically about 3,000 m. When integrated with industry reflection data and other SAGE seismic, gravity, and magnetotelluric surveys, we are able to map differences in offset and extension laterally (especially southward) along the fault. We interpret only about 200 m of normal offset across the BF. Our continuing work helps define multiple structural elements, partly buried by syn-rift <span class="hlt">basin</span>-filling sedimentary rocks, of a complex intra-rift accommodation zone. We are also able to discriminate pre-Eocene (Laramide) from post-Miocene (rift) structures. Our data help determine the amount of vertical offset of pre-rift strata across structural elements of the accommodation zone, and depth and geometry of <span class="hlt">basin</span> fill. A goal is to infer the kinematic development of this margin of the rift, linkages among faults, growth history, and possible pre-rift structural controls. This information will be potentially useful for evaluation of resources, including oil and/or gas in pre-rift strata and ground water in Late Miocene to Holocene rift-filling units.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5025/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5025/"><span>Three-dimensional geologic model of the southeastern Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Santa Fe County, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Pantea, Michael P.; Hudson, Mark R.; Grauch, V.J.S.; Minor, Scott A.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>This multimedia model and report show and describe digital three-dimensional faulted surfaces and volumes of lithologic units that confine and constrain the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers within the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of north-central New Mexico. These aquifers are the primary groundwater resource for the cities of Santa Fe and Espanola, six Pueblo nations, and the surrounding areas. The model presented in this report is a synthesis of geologic information that includes (1) aeromagnetic and gravity data and seismic cross sections; (2) lithologic descriptions, interpretations, and geophysical logs from selected drill holes; (3) geologic maps, geologic cross sections, and interpretations; and (4) mapped faults and interpreted faults from geophysical data. Modeled faults individually or collectively affect the continuity of the rocks that contain the <span class="hlt">basin</span> aquifers; they also help define the form of this rift <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Structure, trend, and dip data not previously published were added; these structures are derived from interpretations of geophysical information and recent field observations. Where possible, data were compared and validated and reflect the complex relations of structures in this part of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. This interactive geologic framework model can be used as a tool to visually explore and study geologic structures within the Espanola <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, to show the connectivity of geologic units of high and low permeability between and across faults, and to show approximate dips of the lithologic units. The viewing software can be used to display other data and information, such as drill-hole data, within this geologic framework model in three-dimensional space.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PhDT........74K','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PhDT........74K"><span>An integrated geological and geophysical study of the Uinta Mountains, Utah, Colorado and a geophysical study on Tamarix in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, West Texas</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Khatun, Salma</p> <p>2008-07-01</p> <p> comprehensive picture of the structures in the study area. These models show that the Uinta uplift is a single sedimentary block with numerous thrust faults on the northern and southern flanks of the uplift. These models also reveal the fact that the thickness of the crust is quite variable in the study area. This is also supported by the crustal thickness map constructed for this study from seismic and receiver function information. Magnetic maps show that the Proterozoic sedimentary package known as Uinta Mountain Group extends into the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range and indicates its link with the ancient rift margin in the Western United States. Findings of this research are correlated to earlier studies and placed in a broader context. Finally an analogy is made between the Uinta aulacogen, the Southern Oklahoma aulacogen and the Dniepr-Donets aulacogen in Ukraine. This discussion focuses light on the mechanism that led to the Uinta's development from a failed rift to an uplift. Part two of this research examined the effect of saltcedar (Tamarix sp) on water and soil properties in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande River valley in West Texas. Tamarix is a woody phreatophyte (water-loving plant) common in riparian habitats. The presence of Tamarix in a river system raises concerns about its effect on water quality because it can increase the salinity of water and surrounding soil and it reduces stream flow. Geophysical electrical techniques were used to track soil salinity and moisture changes caused by Tamarix, as well as to determine how soil salinity and moisture properties are altered when Tamarix is eradicated from the region. These techniques allowed more rapid in-situ assessment of the soil properties than the conventional method of removing soil and water samples for analysis. This study was focused on the influence of Tamarix on soil properties and hydrology at the subsurface at four sites in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bosque Wetlands Park, El Paso, Texas Two sites had flourishing Tamarix and two others were areas</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7152876-how-pecten-brazil-drilled-amazon-basin','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7152876-how-pecten-brazil-drilled-amazon-basin"><span>How Pecten Brazil drilled the Amazon <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Bleakley, W.B.</p> <p>1983-09-01</p> <p>Pecten Brazil overcame numerous obstacles to drill two exploratory wells in the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span> last year. These included: The threat of low water in normally navigable rivers. Dense jungle growth at both locations. Lack of suitable roads for heavy hauling. Inconvenient distances from supply points. An unusual basalt formation responsible for unique drilling problems. Hundreds of helicopter lifts to move drilling rigs, supplies, and personnel. Pecten contracted with Petrobras, the Brazilian national oil company, to evaluate three blocks in the Amazon jungle, each about 68 miles (110 km) on a side, through seismic study and ultimate drilling. Planning for themore » drilling phase got started on March 17, 1981 with December 1 targeted as spud date for the first well. Actual spud date was November 25, 5 days ahead of schedule, in spite of all obstacles. Pecten has a mid-Amazonas block now under seismic investigation for possible exploratory drilling. Logistics problems in this one provide new difficulties, as the area is extremely wet. Most work is carried on by boat. The company is also looking offshore Bahia, testing the possible extension of the Renconcavo <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Two wells have already provided good shows of a high pour point oil, with flow rates from 400 to 1,000 b/d. Another area of interest to Pecten is offshore <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Norte.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..245c2038V','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..245c2038V"><span>Integrated Hydrographical <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Management. Study Case - Crasna River <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Visescu, Mircea; Beilicci, Erika; Beilicci, Robert</p> <p>2017-10-01</p> <p>Hydrographical <span class="hlt">basins</span> are important from hydrological, economic and ecological points of view. They receive and channel the runoff from rainfall and snowmelt which, when adequate managed, can provide fresh water necessary for water supply, irrigation, food industry, animal husbandry, hydrotechnical arrangements and recreation. Hydrographical <span class="hlt">basin</span> planning and management follows the efficient use of available water resources in order to satisfy environmental, economic and social necessities and constraints. This can be facilitated by a decision support system that links hydrological, meteorological, engineering, water quality, agriculture, environmental, and other information in an integrated framework. In the last few decades different modelling tools for resolving problems regarding water quantity and quality were developed, respectively water resources management. Watershed models have been developed to the understanding of water cycle and pollution dynamics, and used to evaluate the impacts of hydrotechnical arrangements and land use management options on water quantity, quality, mitigation measures and possible global changes. Models have been used for planning monitoring network and to develop plans for intervention in case of hydrological disasters: floods, flash floods, drought and pollution. MIKE HYDRO <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is a multi-purpose, map-centric decision support tool for integrated hydrographical <span class="hlt">basin</span> analysis, planning and management. MIKE HYDRO <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is designed for analyzing water sharing issues at international, national and local hydrographical <span class="hlt">basin</span> level. MIKE HYDRO <span class="hlt">Basin</span> uses a simplified mathematical representation of the hydrographical <span class="hlt">basin</span> including the configuration of river and reservoir systems, catchment hydrology and existing and potential water user schemes with their various demands including a rigorous irrigation scheme module. This paper analyzes the importance and principles of integrated hydrographical <span class="hlt">basin</span> management and develop a case</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=343843','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=343843"><span>Regional drought early warning, impacts, and assessment for water and agriculture in the lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>, 2016-2017</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>USDA’s Southern Plains Climate Hub (SPCH) and the University of Oklahoma’s Southern Climate Impacts Planning Program (SCIPP) contributed to a broad, multi-partnered effort to provide drought early warning information to water and agriculture management interests in the middle and lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande ba...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16122777','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16122777"><span>Influence of the very polluted inputs of the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>-Odiel system on the adjacent littoral sediments of southwestern Spain: a statistical approach.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Sainz, A; Ruiz, F</p> <p>2006-03-01</p> <p>A spatial and temporal analysis (period 1990-2003) of 15 sampling points distributed along the southwestern Spanish coast permits to delimitate the influence area of the extremely polluted discharges coming from the <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>-Odiel system in the bottom sediments of the adjacent littoral area. As, Cu, Pb and Zn are the main heavy metals transported by the freshwater runoffs toward the shallow shelf and present very high negative (r < -0.7) and significant (p < 0.001) correlations with the distance to the estuarine mouth. The statistical analysis (index of geoaccumulation, Pearson correlation matrix, cluster analysis) of their concentrations in the littoral sediments located between the Guadiana and Guadalquivir mouths delimitates three zones: (a) Zone 1 (from the estuarine mouth to 6 km to the east), characterized by moderate to strongly polluted bottom sediments and main responsible of the mean annual variations of the former heavy metals in the area studied; (b) Zone 2 (from 21.2 km to the west to 29 km to the east), characterized by moderate pollution levels; and (c) Zone 3, located near the Guadiana and Guadalquivir mouths, with very low As-Cu-Pb contents and unpolluted to moderately levels of Zn due to urban sewages or the presence of local low mobility areas for this element.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18241978','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18241978"><span>Incentive pricing and cost recovery at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ward, Frank A; Pulido-Velazquez, Manuel</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>Incentive pricing programs have potential to promote economically efficient water use patterns and provide a revenue source to compensate for environmental damages. However, incentive pricing may impose disproportionate costs and aggravate poverty where high prices are levied for basic human needs. This paper presents an analysis of a two-tiered water pricing system that sets a low price for subsistence needs, while charging a price equal to marginal cost, including environmental cost, for discretionary uses. This pricing arrangement can promote efficient and sustainable water use patterns, goals set by the European Water Framework Directive, while meeting subsistence needs of poor households. Using data from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of North America, a dynamic nonlinear program, maximizes the <span class="hlt">basin</span>'s total net economic and environmental benefits subject to several hydrological and institutional constraints. Supply costs, environmental costs, and resource costs are integrated in a model of a river <span class="hlt">basin</span>'s hydrology, economics, and institutions. Three programs are compared: (1) Law of the River, in which water allocations and prices are determined by rules governing water transfers; (2) marginal cost pricing, in which households pay the full marginal cost of supplying treated water; (3) two-tiered pricing, in which households' subsistence water needs are priced cheaply, while discretionary uses are priced at efficient levels. Compared to the Law of the River and marginal cost pricing, two-tiered pricing performs well for efficiency and adequately for sustainability and equity. Findings provide a general framework for formulating water pricing programs that promote economically and environmentally efficient water use programs while also addressing other policy goals.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.V51E0408G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.V51E0408G"><span>Crustal accretion and exhumation of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de la Plata Craton</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Girelli, T. J.; Chemale, F., Jr.; Lavina, E.; Laux, J. H.; Bongiolo, E.; Lana, C.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de la Plata is one key area for the reconstruction of the Paleoproterozoic Supercontinent in Western Gondwana. We present U-Pb-Hf isotopes, chemistry on minerals and whole-rock geochemistry from para and orthogneisses of the Santa Maria Chico Granulite Complex, one of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de la Plata fragments partially affected by the Brasiliano Orogeny. U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes allowed the characterization of two main events: an oceanic juvenile crustal accretion (i) 2430 - 2290 Ma (ɛHf(t) -3.17 to +7.00); a continental arc (ii) 2240 - 2120 Ma (ɛHf(t)= -4 to +2.4). We recognized two main high-grade metamorphic events in the region linked to an arc volcanic setting (830 - 870 °C - 6.7 - 7.2 kbar, 2.3 Ga) and later to continent-continent collision (770 - 790 °C and 8.7 - 9.1 kbar, 2.1 - 2.0 Ga). The development of orogenic sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> (fore-arc and intra-arc) occurred during the last cycle with the maximum depositional age of 2.12 Ga and were metamorphosed during 2.06 Ga main granulitic event. The granulitic rocks were cut by 1.8 Ga alkaline granitic dikes related to crustal extension recognized in the different segments of the craton and widespread in the adjacent paleoplates at the time. The present data point to that Paleoproterozoic granulitic rocks of the Santa Maria Chico Granulite Complex and adjacent Nico Pérez and Rivera terranes, formed in a multi-stage volcanic arc to continental collision environment along 370 Ma (2430 to 2060 Ma). These terranes were amalgamated during the Paleoproterozoic to the core of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de la Plata Craton as part of Columbia Supercontinent and later partially reworked during the amalgamation of Western Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.C13D..03R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.C13D..03R"><span>Monitoring of the Liquid Water Content During Snowmelt Using C-Band SAR Data and the Snow Model CROCUS</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Rondeau-Genesse, G.; Trudel, M.; Leconte, R.</p> <p>2014-12-01</p> <p>Coupling C-Band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to a multilayer snow model is a step in better understanding the temporal evolution of the radar backscattering coefficient during snowmelt. The watershed used for this study is the Nechako River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in the Rocky Mountains of British-Columbia (Canada). This <span class="hlt">basin</span> has a snowpack of several meters in depth and part of its water is diverted to the Kemano hydropower system, managed by <span class="hlt">Rio-Tinto</span> Alcan. Eighteen RADARSAT-2 ScanSAR Wide archive images were acquired in VV/VH polarization for the winter of 2011-2012, under different snow conditions. They are interpreted along with CROCUS, a multilayer physically-based snow model developed by Météo-France. This model discretizes the snowpack into 50 layers, which makes it possible to monitor various characteristics, such as liquid water content (LWC), throughout the season. CROCUS is used to model three specific locations of the Nechako River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Results vary from one site to another, but in general there is a good agreement between the modeled LWC of the first layer of the snowpack and the backscattering coefficient of the RADARSAT-2 images, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.80 and more. The radar images themselves were processed using an updated version of Nagler's methodology, which consists of subtracting an image in wet snow conditions to one in dry snow conditions, as wet snow can then be identified using a soft threshold centered around -3 dB. A second filter was used in order to differentiate dry snow and bare soil. That filter combines a VH/VV ratio threshold and an altitude criterion. The ensuing maps show a good agreement with the MODIS snow-covered area, which is already obtained daily over the Nechako River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, but with additional information on the location of wet snow and without sensibility to cloud cover. As a next step, the outputs of CROCUS will be used in Mätzler's Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpacks (MEMLS) to</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1255/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1255/"><span>Water-Level Data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Adjacent Areas, Central New Mexico, Period of Record Through September 30, 2007</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Beman, Joseph E.</p> <p>2008-01-01</p> <p>The Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompass the structural <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Drinking-water supplies throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> are currently (2007) obtained solely from ground-water resources. An increase of about 20 percent in the population from 1990 to 2000 also resulted in an increased demand for water. A network of wells was established to monitor changes in ground-water levels throughout the <span class="hlt">basin</span> from April 1982 through September 1983. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. Currently (2007), the network consists of 131 wells and piezometers. This report presents water-level data collected by U.S. Geological Survey personnel at 131 sites through water-year 2007. Data from five sites (Sites 9, 10, 31, 71 and 78) were not measured during the 2007 water-year, but are included in this report because recent data are useful for comparison and (or) data have been collected that will be included in the water-year 2008 report.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.H32E..05M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.H32E..05M"><span>Monitoring Impacts of Long-Term Drought on Surface Water Quantity and Quality in Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Reservoirs Using Multispectral Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Mubako, S. T.; Hargrove, W. L.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The Elephant Butte and Caballo dams form the largest surface water reservoirs in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> supports more than 2 million people, including the major urban centers of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, El Paso, Texas, and Las Cruces, New Mexico, plus more than 70,000 ha of land with water rights for irrigated agriculture. However, this region has experienced severe droughts and growing water demand over the past few decades. This study applied GIS and remote sensing techniques to (1) quantify the shrinking and expansion of the reservoirs for the 44-year period 1973-2017; (2) demonstrate the use of multispectral satellite imagery for qualitative assessment of reservoir water turbidity; and (3) investigate and compare annual and seasonal variability of reservoir temperature. Our preliminary results show apparent shrinkage and recovery cycles of both reservoirs, depending on annual inflow and diversion cycles. For example, the period 1981 to 1993 was unusually `wet' on average, in contrast to the period around September 2002 when the Elephant Butte reservoir shrinked to less than 11 percent of its capacity due to drought. Water in the reservoirs appears more turbid in the fall compared to the summer season, and satellite images showed distinctive zones of deep and shallow water, with evident sedimentation near the in-flow of each reservoir. Examination of image digital numbers revealed the following three distinct temperature zones: scrub environment around the reservoirs, very shallow water around reservoir edges, and deeper reservoir water. The zones were represented by a higher range of digital numbers in the summer in comparison to the fall season, indicating greater surface temperature variability in the summer season. The distinction between high summer temperatures and low fall temperatures was especially prominent along the shallow edges of each reservoir. The fluctuating thermal patterns can be explained by variations in depth</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4260/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4260/report.pdf"><span>Simulation of a long-term aquifer test conducted near the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Albuquerque, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>McAda, Douglas P.</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>A long-term aquifer test was conducted near the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in Albuquerque during January and February 1995 using 22 wells and piezometers at nine sites, with the City of Albuquerque Griegos 1 production well as the pumped well. Griegos 1 discharge averaged about 2,330 gallons per minute for 54.4 days. A three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model was used to estimate aquifer properties in the vicinity of the Griegos well field and the amount of infiltration induced into the aquifer system from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and riverside drains as a result of pumping during the test. The model was initially calibrated by trial-and-error adjustments of the aquifer properties. The model was recalibrated using a nonlinear least-squares regression technique. The aquifer system in the area includes the middle Tertiary to Quaternary Santa Fe Group and post-Santa Fe Group valley- and <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill deposits of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and adjacent riverside drains are in hydraulic connection with the aquifer system. The hydraulic-conductivity values of the upper part of the Santa Fe Group resulting from the model calibrated by trial and error varied by zone in the model and ranged from 12 to 33 feet per day. The hydraulic conductivity of the inner-valley alluvium was 45 feet per day. The vertical to horizontal anisotropy ratio was 1:140. Specific storage was 4 x 10-6 per foot of aquifer thickness, and specific yield was 0.15 (dimensionless). The sum of squared errors between the observed and simulated drawdowns was 130 feet squared. Not all aquifer properties could be estimated using nonlinear regression because of model insensitivity to some aquifer properties at observation locations. Hydraulic conductivity of the inner-valley alluvium, middle part of the Santa Fe Group, and riverbed and riverside-drain bed and specific yield had low sensitivity values and therefore could not be estimated. Of the properties estimated, hydraulic conductivity of the upper part of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016BGeo...13.4279G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016BGeo...13.4279G"><span>Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter in the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Gonsior, Michael; Valle, Juliana; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe; Hertkorn, Norbert; Bastviken, David; Luek, Jenna; Harir, Mourad; Bastos, Wanderley; Enrich-Prast, Alex</p> <p>2016-07-01</p> <p>Regions in the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span> have been associated with specific biogeochemical processes, but a detailed chemical classification of the abundant and ubiquitous dissolved organic matter (DOM), beyond specific indicator compounds and bulk measurements, has not yet been established. We sampled water from different locations in the Negro, Madeira/Jamari and Tapajós River areas to characterize the molecular DOM composition and distribution. Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) combined with excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) revealed a large proportion of ubiquitous DOM but also unique area-specific molecular signatures. Unique to the DOM of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro area was the large abundance of high molecular weight, diverse hydrogen-deficient and highly oxidized molecular ions deviating from known lignin or tannin compositions, indicating substantial oxidative processing of these ultimately plant-derived polyphenols indicative of these black waters. In contrast, unique signatures in the Madeira/Jamari area were defined by presumably labile sulfur- and nitrogen-containing molecules in this white water river system. Waters from the Tapajós main stem did not show any substantial unique molecular signatures relative to those present in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Madeira and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro, which implied a lower organic molecular complexity in this clear water tributary, even after mixing with the main stem of the Amazon River. Beside ubiquitous DOM at average H / C and O / C elemental ratios, a distinct and significant unique DOM pool prevailed in the black, white and clear water areas that were also highly correlated with EEM-PARAFAC components and define the frameworks for primary production and other aspects of aquatic life.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H31H1289S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H31H1289S"><span>Hydrology and Water Quality of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama River, Northern New Mexico: Establishing a Base Line to Manage Flows</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Salvato, L.; Crossey, L. J.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p> <span class="hlt">basins</span> contain exposures of strata bearing these minerals. We established base-line information at the extremes of flow, and our future work will integrate repeat sampling with water level data to more robustly correlate water quality characteristics with release flows. <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama River, Northern New Mexico</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=260091','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=260091"><span>Infrastructure improvements for snowmelt runoff assessments of climate change impacts on water supplies in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>It has become apparent that the effects of climate change will be especially important for Southwestern US water users. The NSF-funded EPSCoR project “Climate Change Impacts on New Mexico’s Mountain Sources of Water” focuses on improving hydrometeorological measurements, developing <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide and s...</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_16 --> <div id="page_17" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="321"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5617298-caribbean-basin-framework-southern-central-america-colombian-basin','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5617298-caribbean-basin-framework-southern-central-america-colombian-basin"><span>Caribbean <span class="hlt">basin</span> framework, 3: Southern Central America and Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Kolarsky, R.A.; Mann, P.</p> <p>1991-03-01</p> <p>The authors recognize three <span class="hlt">basin</span>-forming periods in southern Central America (Panama, Costa Rica, southern Nicaragua) that they attempt to correlate with events in the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Bowland, 1984): (1) Early-Late Cretaceous island arc formation and growth of the Central American island arc and Late Cretaceous formation of the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span> oceanic plateau. During latest Cretaceous time, pelagic carbonate sediments blanketed the Central American island arc in Panama and Costa Rica and elevated blocks on the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span> oceanic plateau; (2) middle Eocene-middle Miocene island arc uplift and erosion. During this interval, influx of distal terrigenous turbidites in most areas ofmore » Panama, Costa Rica, and the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span> marks the uplift and erosion of the Central American island arc. In the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span>, turbidites fill in basement relief and accumulate to thicknesses up to 2 km in the deepest part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. In Costa Rica, sedimentation was concentrated in fore-arc (Terraba) and back-arc (El Limon) <span class="hlt">basins</span>; (3) late Miocene-Recent accelerated uplift and erosion of segments of the Central American arc. Influx of proximal terrigenous turbidites and alluvial fans in most areas of Panama, Costa Rica, and the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span> marks collision of the Panama arc with the South American continent (late Miocene early Pliocene) and collision of the Cocos Ridge with the Costa Rican arc (late Pleistocene). The Cocos Ridge collision inverted the Terraba and El Limon <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The Panama arc collision produced northeast-striking left-lateral strike-slip faults and fault-related <span class="hlt">basins</span> throughout Panama as Panama moved northwest over the Colombian <span class="hlt">basin</span>.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/2070','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/2070"><span>Restoration of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis to the Mescalero Apache Reservation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Kalb, Bradley W.; Caldwell, Colleen A.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis (RGCT) represents the most southern subspecies of cutthroat trout, endemic to <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Canadian, and Pecos <span class="hlt">basins</span> of New Mexico and southern Colorado. The subspecies currently occupies less than 12% of its historic range. The Mescalero Apache Tribe has partnered with U.S. Geological Survey-New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, New Mexico State University, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and New Mexico Department of Game and Fish to meet mutually shared goals of restoring and maintaining a Pecos strain of RGCT to Tribal lands. The goal of this project was to assess the suitability of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ruidoso within the Mescalero Apache Reservation to support a self-sustaining RGCT population by conducting a systematic and comprehensive survey. We conducted three surveys (fall 2010, spring 2011 and 2012) to characterize water quality, macroinvertebrate assemblages, fish communities, and physical habitat (stream size, channel gradient, channel substrate, habitat complexity, riparian vegetation cover and structure, migration barriers to movement).Seven-100 m reaches throughout three major tributaries of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ruidoso within the Tribal lands were sampled during baseflow conditions October 2010, May 2011, and June 2012. Despite the onset of severe drought in 2011, water quality, physical habitat, and fish populations revealed that the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ruidoso and its three tributaries would most likely support a self-sustaining RGCT population. Pools were abundant (mean, 8.9 pools/100 m), instream woody debris was present (range, 3.8-45.6 pieces/100 m), and instream dataloggers revealed daily maximum stream temperatures rarely exceeded criteria established in New Mexico for coldwater fishes, however, presence of frazil and anchor ice may limit fish distribution in the winter. Aquatic macroinvertebrate samples revealed a community of benthic invertebrates reflective of high quality cool to cold water. Overall</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AGUFM.H11F1128S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AGUFM.H11F1128S"><span>Water Management for Competing Uses: Environmental Flows in the Transboundary <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sandoval Solis, S.; McKinney, D. C.</p> <p>2011-12-01</p> <p>Introduction Due to high water demand, the scarcity of water, and the complexity of water allocation, environmental flows have not been considered as an integral part of the water management in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo transboundary <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The Big Bend reach is located between the cities of Presidio/Ojinaga to Amistad international reservoir, along the main stream (Fig. 1). Important environmental habitats such as the Big Bend National and State Park in the U.S., the Maderas del Carmen, Cañon de Santa Elena and Ocampo natural reserved areas in Mexico are ecologically threatened because of the lack of environmental water management policies. Several efforts have been undertaken by scientists, government agencies and NGOs to determine the environmental flows for this reach and water management policies that can provide these flows. Objective The objective of this research is to describe a water management policy that can conciliate environmental and human water uses in the Big Bend region. In other words, define a policy that can provide environmental flows without harming water supply for stakeholders or increasing flood risk, within legal and physical constraints of the system. Methodology First, the system was characterized identifying water users, hydraulic infrastructure, and water allocation according to state, federal and international regulations. Second, a hydrograph for environmental flows was proposed that mimics the hydrologic characteristics of the prior dam alteration. Third, a water planning model was constructed to evaluate alternative policies. Fourth, the water management is proposed to provide environmental restoration flows from Luis L. Leon reservoir. This policy considers mechanisms that reduce flooding and drought risks, while meting national and international water regulations. Results Three types of natural flow regimes are considered: (1) median flows aimed to provide the base flow in the region, (2) high flows to provide transversal</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046748','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046748"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments in Selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span>: Population Density, 2000</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This data set represents the average population density, in number of people per square kilometer multiplied by 10 for the year 2000, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is the 2000 Population Density by Block Group for the Conterminous United States (Hitt, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) RF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999PhDT.......194L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999PhDT.......194L"><span>Thermal state of the Arkoma <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Oklahoma</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lee, Youngmin</p> <p>1999-12-01</p> <p>One of the most fundamental physical processes that affects virtually all geologic phenomena in sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> is the flow of heat from the Earth's interiors. The Arkoma <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Oklahoma, are a prolific producer of both oil and natural gas. Both <span class="hlt">basins</span> also have important geologic phenomena. Understanding the thermal state of the these <span class="hlt">basins</span> is crucial to understanding the timing and extent of hydrocarbon generation, the genesis of Mississippi Valley-type ore deposits, and the origin of overpressures in the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. In chapter one, heat flow and heat production in the Arkoma <span class="hlt">basin</span> and Oklahoma Platform are discussed. Results of this study are not generally supportive of theories which invoke topographically driven regional groundwater flow from the Arkoma <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in Late Pennsylvanian-Early Permian time (˜290 Ma) to explain the genesis of geologic phenomena. In chapter 2, different types of thermal conductivity temperature corrections that are commonly applied in terrestrial heat flow studies are evaluated. The invariance of the relative rankings with respect to rock porosity suggests the rankings may be valid with respect to in situ conditions. Chapter three addresses heat flow and thermal history of the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and the western Oklahoma Platform. We found no evidence for heat flow to increase significantly from the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in the south to the Oklahoma Platform to the north. In chapter four, overpressures in the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, southwestern Oklahoma are discussed. Using scale analyses and a simple numerical model, we evaluated two endmember hypotheses (compaction disequilibrium and hydrocarbon generation) as possible causes of overpressuring. Geopressure models which invoke compaction disequilibrium do not appear to apply to the Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The Anadarko <span class="hlt">Basin</span> belongs to a group of cratonic <span class="hlt">basins</span> which are tectonically quiescent and are characterized by the association of abnormal pressures with natural gas</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/37459','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/37459"><span>Holocene alluvial sequences, cumulic soils and fire signatures in the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco <span class="hlt">Basin</span> at Guadalupe Ruin, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Charles French; Richard Periman; Linda Scott Cummings; Stephen Hall; Melissa Goodman-Elgar; Julie Boreham</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>We describe a geoarchaeological survey of a 5-km reach of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco channel and its tributaries, centered on the Guadalupe Ruin, a pueblo of the late 10th-12th centuries A.D. in north-central New Mexico, with associated pollen, charcoal, micromorphological, and radiocarbon analyses. Severe erosion has drastically bisected the Puerco valley with four primary...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25066931','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25066931"><span>Paleomobility in the Tiwanaku diaspora: biogeochemical analyses at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Muerto, Moquegua, Peru.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Knudson, Kelly J; Goldstein, Paul S; Dahlstedt, Allisen; Somerville, Andrew; Schoeninger, Margaret J</p> <p>2014-11-01</p> <p>Paleomobility has been a key element in the study of the expansion of ancient states and empires, including the Tiwanaku polity of the South Central Andes (AD 500-1000). We present radiogenic strontium and oxygen isotope data from human burials from three cemeteries in the Tiwanaku-affiliated Middle Horizon archaeological site complex of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Muerto in the Moquegua Valley of southern Peru. At <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Muerto, archaeological human enamel and bone values range from (87) Sr/(86) Sr = 0.70657-0.72018, with a mean of (87) Sr/(86) Sr = 0.70804 ± 0.00207 (1σ, n = 55). For the subset of samples analyzed for oxygen isotope values (n = 48), the data ranges from δ(18) Ocarbonate(VSMOW)  = +18.1 to +27.0‰. When contextualized with other lines of archaeological evidence, we interpret these data as evidence for an archaeological population in which the majority of individuals had "local" origins, and were likely second-generation, or more, immigrants from the Tiwanaku heartland in the altiplano. Based on detailed life history data, we argue a smaller number of individuals came at different ages from various regions within the Tiwanaku polity. We consider whether these individuals with isotopic values consistent with "nonlocal" geographic origins could represent first-generation migrants, marriage exchange partners, or occupationally mobile herders, traders or other travelers. By combining isotopic life history studies with mortuary treatment data, we use a person-centered migration history approach to state integration and expansion. Isotopic analyses of paleomobility at the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Muerto site complex contribute to the role of diversity in ancient states by demonstrating the range of geographic origins rather than simply colonists from the Lake Titicaca <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046761','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046761"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Surficial Geology</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the area of surficial geology types in square meters compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is the "Digital data set describing surficial geology in the conterminous US" (Clawges and Price, 1999).The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2008). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70018900','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70018900"><span>Investigation of aquifer-system compaction in the Hueco <span class="hlt">basin</span>, El Paso, Texas, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Heywood, Charles</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>The Pleistocene geologic history of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande valley in the Hueco <span class="hlt">basin</span> included a cycle of sediment erosion and re-aggradation, resulting in unconformable stratification of sediment of contrasting compressibility and stress history. Since the 1950s large groundwater withdrawals have resulted in significant water-level declines and associated land subsidence. Knowledge of the magnitude and variation of specific storage is needed for developing predictive models of subsidence and groundwater flow simulations. Analyses of piezometric and extensometric data in the form of stress-strain diagrams from a 16 month period yield in situ measurements of aquifer-system compressibility across two discrete aquifer intervals. The linear elastic behaviour of the deeper interval indicates over-consolidation of <span class="hlt">basin</span> deposits, probably resulting from deeper burial depth before the middle Pleistocene. By contrast, the shallow aquifer system displays an inelastic component, suggesting pre-consolidation stress not significantly greater than current effective stress levels for a sequence of late Pleistocene clay. Harmonic analyses of the piezometric response to earth tides in two water-level piezometers provide an independent estimate of specific storage of aquifer sands.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70038510','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70038510"><span>Erosion, storage, and transport of sediment in two subbasins of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Gellis, A.C.; Pavich, M.J.; Ellwein, A.L.; Aby, S.; Clark, I.; Wieczorek, M.E.; Viger, R.</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Arroyos in the American Southwest proceed through cut-and-fill cycles that operate at centennial to millennial time scales. The geomorphic community has put much effort into understanding the causes of arroyo cutting in the late Quaternary and in the modern record (late 1800s), while little effort has gone into understanding how arroyos fill and the sources of this fill. Here, we successfully develop a geographic information system (GIS)-modeled sediment budget that is based on detailed field measurements of hillslope and channel erosion and deposition. Field measurements were made in two arroyo <span class="hlt">basins</span> draining different lithologies and undergoing different land disturbance (Volcano Hill Wash, 9.30 km2; Arroyo Chavez, 2.11 km2) over a 3 yr period. Both <span class="hlt">basins</span> have incised channels that formed in response to the late nineteenth-century incision of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco. Large volumes of sediment were generated during arroyo incision, equal to more than 100 yr of the current annual total sediment load (bed load + suspended load) in each <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Downstream reaches in both arroyos are presently aggrading, and the main source of the sediment is from channel erosion in upstream reaches and first- and second-order tributaries. The sediment budget shows that channel erosion is the largest source of sediment in the current stage of the arroyo cycle: 98% and 80% of the sediment exported out of Volcano Hill Wash and Arroyo Chavez, respectively. The geomorphic surface most affected by arroyo incision and one of the most important sediment sources is the valley alluvium, where channel erosion, gullying, soil piping, and grazing all occur. Erosion rates calculated for the entire Volcano Hill Wash (-0.26 mm/yr) and Arroyo Chavez (-0.53 mm/yr) <span class="hlt">basins</span> are higher than the modeled upland erosion rates in each <span class="hlt">basin</span>, reflecting the large contributions from channel erosion. Erosion rates in each <span class="hlt">basin</span> are affected by a combination of land disturbance (grazing) and lithology</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5028/sir20175028.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5028/sir20175028.pdf"><span>Geophysics- and geochemistry-based assessment of the geochemical characteristics and groundwater-flow system of the U.S. part of the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span>/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, and El Paso County, Texas, 2010–12</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Teeple, Andrew P.</p> <p>2017-06-16</p> <p>One of the largest rechargeable groundwater systems by total available volume in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Río Bravo <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (hereinafter referred to as the “<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande”) region of the United States and Mexico, the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span>/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system, supplies water for irrigation as well as for cities of El Paso, Texas; Las Cruces, New Mexico; and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation assessed the groundwater resources in the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and surrounding areas in Doña Ana County, N. Mex., and El Paso County, Tex., by using a combination of geophysical and geochemical methods. The study area consists of approximately 1,400 square miles in Doña Ana County, N. Mex., and 100 square miles in El Paso County, Tex. The Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span> composes most of the study area and can be divided into three parts: the Mesilla Valley, the West Mesa, and the East Bench. The Mesilla Valley is the part of the Mesilla <span class="hlt">Basin</span> that was incised by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande between Selden Canyon to the north and by a narrow valley (about 4 miles wide) to the southeast near El Paso, Tex., named the Paso del Norte, which is sometimes referred to in the literature as the “El Paso Narrows.”Previously published geophysical data for the study area were compiled and these data were augmented by collecting additional geophysical and geochemical data. Geophysical resistivity measurements from previously published helicopter frequency domain electromagnetic data, previously published direct-current resistivity soundings, and newly collected (2012) time-domain electromagnetic soundings were used in the study to detect spatial changes in the electrical properties of the subsurface, which reflect changes that occur within the hydrogeology. The geochemistry of the groundwater system was evaluated by analyzing groundwater samples collected in November 2010 for physicochemical properties, major ions, trace elements, nutrients, pesticides</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010JSAES..29..371F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010JSAES..29..371F"><span>Leaiid conchostracans from the uppermost Permian strata of the Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Brazil: Chronostratigraphic and paleobiogeographic implications</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ferreira-Oliveira, Luis Gustavo; Rohn, Rosemarie</p> <p>2010-03-01</p> <p>Conchostracan fossils are abundant and relatively diversified in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation (Passa Dois Group, Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, southern Brazil), but leaiids (' Leaia pruvosti' [Reed, F.R.C., 1929. Novos Phyllopodos Fósseis do Brasil. Boletim do Serviço Geológico e Mineralógico do Brasil 34, 2-16]) were previously found at only one locality of the formation in the northern Santa Catarina State. New specimens of the Family Leaiidae, collected from two outcrops in central Paraná State near the top of the formation, stimulated a revision of related taxa. Both the new and the previously known leaiids are herein assigned to Hemicycloleaia mitchelli [Etheridge Jr., R., 1892. On Leaia mitchelli Etheridge. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 7, 307-310] based on the presence of three carinae and subovate shape. This species was originally recorded in the upper Tatarian (Wuchiapingian, Late Permian) of Sydney <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, eastern Australia and therefore corroborates the interpretation that the leaiid bearing strata of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Rasto Formation cannot be younger than Permian. H. mitchelli possibly was one of the most widespread, eurytopic and conservative Late Paleozoic conchostracans of Gondwana (although records from Africa, India and Antarctica must still be confirmed) and it was also found in the Tatarian of Russia. The sudden disappearance of leaiids after their apparent success is consistent with the hypothesis about the biotic crisis around the Permo-Triassic boundary.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5116/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5116/"><span>Hydrogeologic framework of sedimentary deposits in six structural <span class="hlt">basins</span>, Yakima River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Washington</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Jones, M.A.; Vaccaro, J.J.; Watkins, A.M.</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>The hydrogeologic framework was delineated for the ground-water flow system of the sedimentary deposits in six structural <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Yakima River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Washington. The six <span class="hlt">basins</span> delineated, from north to south are: Roslyn, Kittitas, Selah, Yakima, Toppenish, and Benton. Extent and thicknesses of the hydrogeologic units and total <span class="hlt">basin</span> sediment thickness were mapped for each <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Interpretations were based on information from about 4,700 well records using geochemical, geophysical, geologist's or driller's logs, and from the surficial geology and previously constructed maps and well interpretations. The sedimentary deposits were thickest in the Kittitas <span class="hlt">Basin</span> reaching a depth of greater than 2,000 ft, followed by successively thinner sedimentary deposits in the Selah <span class="hlt">basin</span> with about 1,900 ft, Yakima <span class="hlt">Basin</span> with about 1,800 ft, Toppenish <span class="hlt">Basin</span> with about 1,200 ft, Benton <span class="hlt">basin</span> with about 870 ft and Roslyn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> with about 700 ft.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27533723','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27533723"><span>Cyrilia sp. (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae) in the Amazonian freshwater stingray Potamotrygon wallacei (cururu stingray) in different hydrological phases of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Oliveira, A T; Araújo, M L G; Pantoja-Lima, J; Aride, P H R; Tavares-Dias, M; Brinn, R P; Marcon, J L</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Intraerythrocytic parasites are frequently found in fish, including elasmobranchs. The Amazonian rivers present well defined annual hydrological cycles that results in drastic modifications of the environmental conditions with deep implications in the life cycle of the whole associated biota in those fluvial systems. The freshwater stingray Potamotrygon wallacei (stingray cururu) is a new species restricted to the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro <span class="hlt">basin</span> and it is subject to strong alterations in their natural habitats (igapós) a result of the constant variations in the water level of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro. This work demonstrates the occurrence of intraerythrocytic parasite Cyrilia sp. in this stingray species. Additionally, the prevalence and quantification of hemoparasites in different phases of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro were also established. Field sampling was carried in the Archipelago of Mariuá, Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro, involving different stages of the water cycle. The intraerythrocytic parasites were quantified by direct counting in blood smears using a total counting of 2000 erythrocytes in each blood smear. The presence of parasites intraerythrocytic generates changes in the morphology of blood cell. The largest amount of the hemoparasites was recorded in the drought period. We observed a decreasing tendency in the number of parasites in the blood between the drought periods and inundation. We concluded that the level of Negro River influences the incidence of intraerythrocytic parasites in the cururu stingray and the drought represents the period of larger susceptibility to the infestation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Idioms+AND+translation&pg=3&id=ED071800','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Idioms+AND+translation&pg=3&id=ED071800"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Wetbacks: Mexican Migrant Workers.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Norquest, Carrol</p> <p></p> <p>Farmers in the Lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley of Texas saw a rise of wetback labor in the 1930s and 40s. The wetback laborers were Mexicans who had crossed the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and were in the United States illegally to work. Carrol Norquest, a farmer in the Lower <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley, employed wetbacks regularly. In this book, Mr. Norquest writes about the…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046768','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046768"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Average Daily Maximum Temperature, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2008). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046784','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046784"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Average Daily Minimum Temperature, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGC51B1084L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFMGC51B1084L"><span>A Novel Approach to River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Management that Utilizes a Multi-Day Forum to Educate Stakeholders</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Langston, M. A.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Large scale river <span class="hlt">basin</span> management has long been a challenging task. Stakeholder involvement has often been posited as a means to provide a broad base of input and support for management decisions. This has been successful in some situations and not in others. The Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC) has proposed a novel approach to large scale watershed management for conservation purposes by stakeholders. This approach involves conducting a multi-day stakeholder forum to gather interested parties, provide them science-based information about the watershed, and solicit their input regarding the research and management needs within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Included within this forum is a Water Tournament patterned after those being developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Institute for Water Resources. These tournaments bring stakeholders (such as the various water users, agencies, conservation organizations, and others) in small teams that develop watershed management scenarios (within appropriate constraints) that are then judged based on their merit for addressing the various issues within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. These tournaments serve to educate participants and to sensitize them to the perspectives of other participants. Another goal of the forum is to recruit a representative group of stakeholders who will provide guidance for further research to meet the <span class="hlt">basins</span> management needs. The South Central Climate Science Center (SC CSC) has partnered with the Desert, Southern Rockies, Gulf Coast Prairie, Great Plains, and Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks LCCs to implement this approach in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and the Red River <span class="hlt">Basins</span>. The LCCs are well positioned to convene stakeholders from across political boundaries and throughout these <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The SC CSC's roles will be providing leadership, funding climate science for the effort, and evaluating the effectiveness of the forum-centered approach.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12267435','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12267435"><span>Metropolitan area of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hakkert, R</p> <p>1985-02-01</p> <p>Brazil's capital city, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, has been called Latin America's slum capital, and is slowly losing its political position to Brasilia and its cultural and economic leadership to Sao Paolo. <span class="hlt">Rio</span>'s metropolitan area includes 14 municipalities and had a population of 9.64 million in 1984, making it Latin America's 4th largest and the world's 14th largest metropolitan area. The 452-square mile central city contains 5.35 million people. Projections predict that <span class="hlt">Rio</span> will be the world's 9th largest city in the year 2000, with a population of 13.3 million. <span class="hlt">Rio</span> encompasses sharp social and economic contrasts; population density varies from 30,686 to 124 people per square mile and per capita municipal budgets range from $100 to $12.50. Like most metropolitan areas, <span class="hlt">Rio</span>'s suburbs show its greatest growth. The peripheral municipalities which held only 24% of the population in 1940, now have about 45%. Low land prices and government housing attact poor families to these areas which tend to be economically sluggish. <span class="hlt">Rio</span>'s fertility rate (2.8%) is the lowest in Brazil (4.2%) and life expectancy is somewhat higher than the national average. Low fertility and declining migration result in small households and increasing age structure. 2.2 million households, with 3.8 persons on an average, and 1.3 million households, with 3.6 persons, inhabited the metropolitan area and its municipality, respectively. Less of <span class="hlt">Rio</span>'s population are black (10%) or of mixed descent (39%) than in the rest of Brazil; the population is 97% Brazilian-born. Most metropolitan homes are owner occupied, but <span class="hlt">Rio</span> also has many highly visible slums. <span class="hlt">Rio</span> has an 84% literacy rate; 5% of the population have university degrees. The area's geography requires massive daily movement by nearly 60% of the population, and several municpalities function largely as commuter towns. Service jobs (especially for women) account for 27% of all jobs with manufacturing and tourism next in importance. Median monthly income</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046731','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046731"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Level 3 Ecoregions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the estimated area of level 3 ecological landscape regions (ecoregions), as defined by Omernik (1987), compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is Level III Ecoregions of the Continental United States (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_17 --> <div id="page_18" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="341"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=PIA03427&hterms=madre+de+dios+heavy+metal&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3Dmadre%2Bde%2Bdios%2Bheavy%2Bmetal','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=PIA03427&hterms=madre+de+dios+heavy+metal&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3Dmadre%2Bde%2Bdios%2Bheavy%2Bmetal"><span>Deforestation near <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Branco, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p></p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>Settlement and deforestation surrounding the Brazilian town of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Branco are seen here in the striking 'herring bone' deforestation patterns that cut through the rainforest. <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Brancois the capital of the Brazilian state of Acre and is situated near the border with northeastern Bolivia. The town is a center for the distribution of goods, including rubber, metals, medicinal plants, Brazil nuts and timber. Colonization projects in the region are supported by farming, logging activities, and extensive cattle ranching. Much of the surrounding terrain is of a poorly-draining clay hardpan soil, and heavy rainfall periodically converts parts of the forested region to swamp.<p/>The large overview image was acquired by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer's vertical-viewing (nadir) camera on July 28, 2000, and covers an area of 336 kilometers x 333 kilometers. A plume of smoke is visible north of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Branco road, which roughly parallels the slender, twisting <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Abuna. Most of the major rivers in the image provide reference points for state or international (Bolivia-Brazil) boundaries, and flow northeast to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Madeira (east of the smoke plume). The border between Acre and the Bolivian department of Pando is marked by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Abuna. Pando's southern boundary with the department of Beni is marked by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Madre de Dios, the large river in the lower half of the image.<p/>The two higher-resolution inset images highlight a settled area north of the town of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Branco. These nadir views cover an area of 60 kilometers x 67 kilometers, and were acquired eleven months apart during Terra orbits 3251 and 8144. In the later image, more haze is present, possibly due to smoke from fires on that day. Comparing the two images provides a method of measuring the changes and expansion in the area of cleared land. One newly cleared patch is apparent near the middle of the later image, slightly off to the right. This polygon represents an area of about 16 square kilometers, or</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70048870','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70048870"><span>Active transtensional intracontinental <span class="hlt">basins</span>: Walker Lane in the western Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Jayko, Angela S.; Bursik, Marcus</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The geometry and dimensions of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> within the Walker Lane are a result of Plio-Pleistocene transtensive deformation and partial detachment of the Sierra Nevada crustal block from the North American plate. Distinct morpho-tectonic domains lie within this active transtensive zone. The northeast end of the Walker Lane is partly buried by active volcanism of the southern Cascades, and adjacent <span class="hlt">basins</span> are filled or poorly developed. To the south, the <span class="hlt">basin</span> sizes are moderate, 25–45km × 15–10 km, with narrow 8-12km wide mountain ranges mainly oriented N-S to NNE. These <span class="hlt">basins</span> form subparallel arrays in discrete zones trending about 300° and have documented clockwise rotation. This is succeeded to the south by a releasing stepover domain ∼85-100km wide, where the <span class="hlt">basins</span> are elongated E-W to ENE, small (∼15-30km long, 5-15km wide), and locally occupied by active volcanic centers. The southernmost part of the Walker Lane is structurally integrated, with high to extreme relief. Adjacent <span class="hlt">basins</span> are elongate, 50-200km long and ∼5 -20km wide. Variations in transtensive <span class="hlt">basin</span> orientations in the Walker Lane are largely attributable to variations in strain partitioning. Large <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Walker Lane have 2-6km displacement across <span class="hlt">basin</span> bounding faults with up to 3 km of clastic accumulation based on gravity and drill hole data. The sedimentary deposits of the <span class="hlt">basins</span> may include interbedded volcanic deposits with bimodal basaltic and rhyolitic associations. The <span class="hlt">basins</span> may include lacustrine deposits that record a wide range of water chemistry from cold fresh water conditions to saline-evaporative</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ThApC..99..139S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ThApC..99..139S"><span>Rainfall trends in the Brazilian Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in the past eight decades</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Satyamurty, Prakki; de Castro, Aline Anderson; Tota, Julio; da Silva Gularte, Lucia Eliane; Manzi, Antonio Ocimar</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>Rainfall series at 18 stations along the major rivers of the Brazilian Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, having data since 1920s or 1930s, are analyzed to verify if there are appreciable long-term trends. Annual, rainy-season, and dry-season rainfalls are individually analyzed for each station and for the region as a whole. Some stations showed positive trends and some negative trends. The trends in the annual rainfall are significant at only six stations, five of which reporting increasing trends (Barcelos, Belem, Manaus, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Branco, and Soure stations) and just one (Itaituba station) reporting decreasing trend. The climatological values of rainfall before and after 1970 show significant differences at six stations (Barcelos, Belem, Benjamin Constant, Iaurete, Itaituba, and Soure). The region as a whole shows an insignificant and weak downward trend; therefore, we cannot affirm that the rainfall in the Brazilian Amazon <span class="hlt">basin</span> is experiencing a significant change, except at a few individual stations. Subregions with upward and downward trends are interspersed in space from the far eastern Amazon to western Amazon. Most of the seasonal trends follow the annual trends, thus, indicating a certain consistency in the datasets and analysis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19830023867','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19830023867"><span>Application of MSS/LANDSAT images to the structural study of recent sedimentary areas: Campos Sedimentary <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Parada, N. D. J. (Principal Investigator); Barbosa, M. P.</p> <p>1983-01-01</p> <p>Visual and computer aided interpretation of MSS/LANDSAT data identified linear and circular features which represent the ""reflexes'' of the crystalline basement structures in the Cenozoic sediments of the emergent part of the Campos Sedimentary <span class="hlt">Basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29351888','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29351888"><span>Distribution and availability of mercury and methylmercury in different waters from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Madeira <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Amazon.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Vieira, Miguel; Bernardi, José V E; Dórea, José G; Rocha, Bruno C P; Ribeiro, Romulo; Zara, Luis F</p> <p>2018-04-01</p> <p>Waters from the Amazon <span class="hlt">Basin</span> have distinct physicochemical characteristics that can be optically classified as "black", "clear" and "white". We studied the distribution of total-Hg (THg) and methyl-Hg (MeHg) in these waters and respective suspended solids, sediment, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic macroinvertebrates (BM) in the Madeira River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Compared with the other types of water, the more acidic "black" kind had the highest THg and MeHg concentrations. The trend (black > clear > white) occurred for the concentrations of THg and MeHg in sediments and in the biotic compartment (plankton, macroinvertebrates). Organic Hg accounted for a small percentage (0.6-0.4%) of the THg in sediments but was highest in water (17-15%). For plankton and BM, the biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAFs) of MeHg (53-125) were greater than those of THg (4.5-15); however, the BSAF trend according to water type (black > clear > white) was only significant for MeHg. Sediment THg is correlated with all forms of Hg in biotic and abiotic matrices. The results indicate that water acidity in the Amazon is an important chemical characteristic in assessing Hg contamination of sediments and bioaccumulation in the aquatic food web. The differences in the BSAFs between THg and MeHg support the use of this factor for evaluating the bioaccumulation potential of sediment-bound Hg. The results add information critical to assessing environmental and health risks related to Hg methylation and potential fish-MeHg contamination, especially in tropical aquatic environments. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046771','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046771"><span>Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: 30-Year Average Daily Minimum Temperature, 1971-2000</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents thecatchment-average for the 30-year (1971-2000) average daily minimum temperature in Celsius multiplied by 100 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data were the United States Average Monthly or Annual Minimum Temperature, 1971 - 2000 raster data set produced by the PRISM Group at Oregon State University. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70028347','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70028347"><span>Biomarkers of exposure and effects of environmental contaminants on swallows nesting along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Texas, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Mora, M.A.; Musquiz, D.; Bickham, J.W.; MacKenzie, D.S.; Hooper, M.J.; Szabo, J.K.; Matson, C.W.</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>We collected adult cave swallows (Petrochelidon fulva) and cliff swallows (P. pyrrhonota) during the breeding seasons in 1999 and 2000 from eight locations along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from Brownsville to El Paso (unless otherwise specified, all locations are Texas, USA) and an out-of-<span class="hlt">basin</span> reference location. Body mass, spleen mass, hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), thyroxine (T4) in plasma, DNA damage measured as the half-peak coefficient of variation of DNA content (HPCV) in blood cells, as well as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in brain were compared with concentrations of organochlorines, metals, and metalloids in carcasses to determine potential effects of contaminants on swallows during the breeding season. Concentrations of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p???-DDE) were significantly greater in swallows from El Paso than in those from most locations, except for Pharr and Llano Grande. All swallows from these three locations had p,p???-DDE concentrations of 3 ??g/g wet weight or greater. Swallows from El Paso either had or shared the highest concentrations of p,p???-DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls, and 13 inorganic elements. Swallows from El Paso exhibited greater spleen mass and HPCV values as well as lower T4 values compared with those from other locations. Thyroxine was a potential biomarker of contaminant exposure in swallows of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, because it was negatively correlated with p,p???-DDE and Se. Spleen mass was positively correlated with selenium and HSI and negatively correlated with body mass, GSI, Mn, and Ni. Overall, the present study suggests that insectivorous birds living in areas of high agricultural and industrial activity along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande bioaccumulate environmental contaminants. These contaminants, particularly p,p???-DDE, may be among multiple factors that impact endocrine and hematopoietic function in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande swallows. ?? 2006 SETAC.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19950046170&hterms=Picuris&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3DPicuris','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19950046170&hterms=Picuris&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3DPicuris"><span>Paleomagnetism and tectonic interpretations of the Taos Plateau volcanic field, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Brown, Laurie L.; Caffall, Nancy M.; Golombek, Matthew P.</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>The tectonic response of the Taos Plateau volcanic field in the southern San Luis <span class="hlt">basin</span> to late stage extensional environment of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift was investigate using paleomagnetic techniques. Sixty-two sites (533 samples) of Pliocene volcanic units were collected covering four major rock types with ages of 4.7 to 1.8 Ma. Twenty-two of these sites were from stratigraphic sections of the lower, middle and upper Servilleta Basalt collected in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande gorge at two locations 19 km apart. Flows from the lower and middle members in the southern gorge record reversed polarities, while those in Garapata Canyon are normal with an excursion event in the middle of the sequence. The uppermost flows of the upper member at both sites display normal directions. Although these sections correlate chemically, they seem to represent different magnetic time periods during the Gilbert Reversed-Polarity Chron. The data suggest the Taos Plateau volcanic field, showing no rotation and some flattening in the south and east, has acted as a stable buttress and has been downwarped by overriding of the southeastern end of the plateau by the Picuris Mountains, which make up the northern corner of the counter-clockwise rotating Espanola block.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993JGR....9822401B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993JGR....9822401B"><span>Paleomagnetism and tectonic interpretations of the Taos Plateau volcanic field, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Brown, Laurie L.; Caffall, Nancy M.; Golombek, Matthew P.</p> <p>1993-12-01</p> <p>The tectonic response of the Taos Plateau volcanic field in the southern San Luis <span class="hlt">basin</span> to late stage extensional environment of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift was investigate using paleomagnetic techniques. Sixty-two sites (533 samples) of Pliocene volcanic units were collected covering four major rock types with ages of 4.7 to 1.8 Ma. Twenty-two of these sites were from stratigraphic sections of the lower, middle and upper Servilleta Basalt collected in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande gorge at two locations 19 km apart. Flows from the lower and middle members in the southern gorge record reversed polarities, while those in Garapata Canyon are normal with an excursion event in the middle of the sequence. The uppermost flows of the upper member at both sites display normal directions. Although these sections correlate chemically, they seem to represent different magnetic time periods during the Gilbert Reversed-Polarity Chron. The data suggest the Taos Plateau volcanic field, showing no rotation and some flattening in the south and east, has acted as a stable buttress and has been downwarped by overriding of the southeastern end of the plateau by the Picuris Mountains, which make up the northern corner of the counter-clockwise rotating Espanola block.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H23A1229V','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H23A1229V"><span>A water quality index model using stepwise regression and neural networks models for the Piabanha River <span class="hlt">basin</span> in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Villas Boas, M. D.; Olivera, F.; Azevedo, J. S.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p>The evaluation of water quality through 'indexes' is widely used in environmental sciences. There are a number of methods available for calculating water quality indexes (WQI), usually based on site-specific parameters. In Brazil, WQI were initially used in the 1970s and were adapted from the methodology developed in association with the National Science Foundation (Brown et al, 1970). Specifically, the WQI 'IQA/SCQA', developed by the Institute of Water Management of Minas Gerais (IGAM), is estimated based on nine parameters: Temperature Range, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Fecal Coliforms, Nitrate, Phosphate, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH and Electrical Conductivity. The goal of this study was to develop a model for calculating the IQA/SCQA, for the Piabanha River <span class="hlt">basin</span> in the State of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro (Brazil), using only the parameters measurable by a Multiparameter Water Quality Sonde (MWQS) available in the study area. These parameters are: Dissolved Oxygen, pH and Electrical Conductivity. The use of this model will allow to further the water quality monitoring network in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, without requiring significant increases of resources. The water quality measurement with MWQS is less expensive than the laboratory analysis required for the other parameters. The water quality data used in the study were obtained by the Geological Survey of Brazil in partnership with other public institutions (i.e. universities and environmental institutes) as part of the project "Integrated Studies in Experimental and Representative Watersheds". Two models were developed to correlate the values of the three measured parameters and the IQA/SCQA values calculated based on all nine parameters. The results were evaluated according to the following validation statistics: coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Final Prediction Error (FPE). The first model was a linear stepwise regression between three independent variables</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PhDT.......177M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PhDT.......177M"><span>A multi-dimensional analysis of the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande-San Luis Valley social-ecological system</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Mix, Ken</p> <p></p> <p>The Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (URG), located in the San Luis Valley (SLV) of southern Colorado, is the primary contributor to streamflow to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, upstream of the confluence of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Conchos at Presidio, TX. The URG-SLV includes a complex irrigation-dependent agricultural social-ecological system (SES), which began development in 1852, and today generates more than 30% of the SLV revenue. The diversions of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water for irrigation in the SLV have had a disproportionate impact on the downstream portion of the river. These diversions caused the flow to cease at Ciudad Juarez, Mexico in the late 1880s, creating international conflict. Similarly, low flows in New Mexico and Texas led to interstate conflict. Understanding changes in the URG-SLV that led to this event and the interactions among various drivers of change in the URG-SLV is a difficult task. One reason is that complex social-ecological systems are adaptive, contain feedbacks, emergent properties, cross-scale linkages, large-scale dynamics and non-linearities. Further, most analyses of SES to date have been qualitative, utilizing conceptual models to understand driver interactions. This study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative techniques to develop an innovative approach for analyzing driver interactions in the URG-SLV. Five drivers were identified for the URG-SLV social-ecological system: water (streamflow), water rights, climate, agriculture, and internal and external water policy. The drivers contained several longitudes (data aspect) relevant to the system, except water policy, for which only discreet events were present. Change point and statistical analyses were applied to the longitudes to identify quantifiable changes, to allow detection of cross-scale linkages between drivers, and presence of feedback cycles. Agricultural was identified as the driver signal. Change points for agricultural expansion defined four distinct periods: 1852--1923, 1924--1948, 1949--1978 and 1979</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1781/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1781/"><span>Conceptual understanding and groundwater quality of selected <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in the Southwestern United States</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Thiros, Susan A.; Bexfield, Laura M.; Anning, David W.; Huntington, Jena M.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program of the U.S. Geological Survey has been conducting a regional analysis of water quality in the principal aquifer systems in the southwestern United States (hereinafter, “Southwest”) since 2005. Part of the NAWQA Program, the objective of the Southwest Principal Aquifers (SWPA) study is to develop a better understanding of water quality in <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in the region by synthesizing information from case studies of 15 <span class="hlt">basins</span> into a common set of important natural and human-related factors found to affect groundwater quality.The synthesis consists of three major components:1. Summary of current knowledge about the groundwater systems, and the status of, changes in, and influential factors affecting quality of groundwater in <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in 15 <span class="hlt">basins</span> previously studied by NAWQA (this report).2. Development of a conceptual model of the primary natural and human-related factors commonly affecting groundwater quality, thereby building a regional understanding of the susceptibility and vulnerability of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers to contaminants.3. Development of statistical models that relate the concentration or occurrence of specific chemical constituents in groundwater to natural and human-related factors linked to the susceptibility and vulnerability of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers to contamination.<span class="hlt">Basin</span>-fill aquifers occur in about 200,000 mi2 of the 410,000 mi2 SWPA study area and are the primary source of groundwater supply for cities and agricultural communities. Four of the principal aquifers or aquifer systems of the United States are included in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers of the study area: (1) the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona; (2) the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande aquifer system in New Mexico and Colorado; (3) the California Coastal <span class="hlt">Basin</span> aquifers; and (4) the Central Valley aquifer system in California. Because of the generally limited availability of surface-water supplies in</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70015547','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70015547"><span>Rocky Mountain Tertiary coal-<span class="hlt">basin</span> models and their applicability to some world <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Flores, R.M.</p> <p>1989-01-01</p> <p>Tertiary intermontane <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States contain large amounts of coal resources. The first major type of Tertiary coal <span class="hlt">basin</span> is closed and lake-dominated, either mud-rich (e.g., North Park <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Colorado) or mud plus carbonate (e.g., Medicine Lodge <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Montana), which are both infilled by deltas. The second major type of Tertiary coal <span class="hlt">basin</span> is open and characterized by a preponderance of sediments that were deposited by flow-through fluvial systems (e.g., Raton <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Colorado and New Mexico, and Powder River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Wyoming and Montana). The setting for the formation of these coals varies with the type of <span class="hlt">basin</span> sedimentation, paleotectonism, and paleoclimate. The mud-rich lake-dominated closed <span class="hlt">basin</span> (transpressional paleotectonism and warm, humid paleoclimate), where infilled by sandy "Gilbert-type" deltas, contains thick coals (low ash and low sulfur) formed in swamps of the prograding fluvial systems. The mud- and carbonate-rich lake-dominated closed <span class="hlt">basin</span> is infilled by carbonate precipitates plus coarse-grained fan deltas and fine-grained deltas. Here, thin coals (high ash and high sulfur) formed in swamps of the fine-grained deltas. The coarse-clastic, open <span class="hlt">basins</span> (compressional paleotectonism and warm, paratropical paleoclimate) associated with flow-through fluvial systems contain moderately to anomalously thick coals (high to low ash and low sulfur) formed in swamps developed in intermittently abandoned portions of the fluvial systems. These coal development patterns from the Tertiary Rocky Mountain <span class="hlt">basins</span>, although occurring in completely different paleotectonic settings, are similar to that found in the Tertiary, Cretaceous, and Permian intermontane coal <span class="hlt">basins</span> in China, New Zealand, and India. ?? 1989.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1914241S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1914241S"><span>Contrasting <span class="hlt">basin</span> architecture and rifting style of the Vøring <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, offshore mid-Norway and the Faroe-Shetland <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, offshore United Kingdom</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Schöpfer, Kateřina; Hinsch, Ralph</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>The Vøring and the Faroe-Shetland <span class="hlt">basins</span> are offshore deep sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> which are situated on the outer continental margin of the northeast Atlantic Ocean. Both <span class="hlt">basins</span> are underlain by thinned continental crust whose structure is still debated. In particular the nature of the lower continental crust and the origin of high velocity bodies located at the base of the lower crust are a subject of discussion in recent literature. Regional interpretation of 2D and 3D seismic reflection data, combined with well data, suggest that both <span class="hlt">basins</span> share several common features: (i) Pre-Cretaceous faults that are distributed across the entire <span class="hlt">basin</span> width. (ii) Geometries of pre-Jurassic strata reflecting at least two extensional phases. (iii) Three common rift phases, Late Jurassic, Campanian-Maastrichtian and Palaeocene. (iv) Large pre-Cretaceous fault blocks that are buried by several kilometres of Cretaceous and Cenozoic strata. (iii). (v) Latest Cretaceous/Palaeocene inversion. (vi) Occurrence of partial mantle serpentinization during Early Cretaceous times, as proposed by other studies, seems improbable. The detailed analysis of the data, however, revealed significant differences between the two <span class="hlt">basins</span>: (i) The Faroe-Shetland <span class="hlt">Basin</span> was a fault-controlled <span class="hlt">basin</span> during the Late Jurassic but also the Late Cretaceous extensional phase. In contrast, the Vøring <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is dominated by the late Jurassic rifting and subsequent thermal subsidence. It exhibits only minor Late Cretaceous faults that are localised above intra-<span class="hlt">basinal</span> and marginal highs. In addition, the Cretaceous strata in the Vøring <span class="hlt">Basin</span> are folded. (ii) In the Vøring <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, the locus of Late Cretaceous rifting shifted westwards, affecting mainly the western <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin, whereas in the Faroe-Shetland <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Late Cretaceous rifting was localised in the same area as the Late Jurassic phase, hence masking the original Jurassic geometries. (iii) Devono-Carboniferous and Aptian/Albian to Cenomanian rift phases</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046727','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046727"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Bedrock Geology</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the area of bedrock geology types in square meters compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments for Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is the "Geology of the Conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 Scale--A Digital Representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map" (Schuben and others, 1994). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2184-a/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2184-a/"><span>Potential for deep <span class="hlt">basin</span>-centered gas accumulation in Hanna <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Wyoming</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wilson, Michael S.; Dyman, Thaddeus S.; Nuccio, Vito F.</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>The potential for a continuous-type <span class="hlt">basin</span>-centered gas accumulation in the Hanna <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in Carbon County, Wyoming, is evaluated using geologic and production data including mud-weight, hydrocarbon-show, formation-test, bottom-hole-temperature, and vitrinite reflectance data from 29 exploratory wells. This limited data set supports the presence of a hypothetical <span class="hlt">basin</span>-centered gas play in the Hanna <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Two generalized structural cross sections illustrate our interpretations of possible abnormally pressured compartments. Data indicate that a gas-charged, overpressured interval may occur within the Cretaceous Mowry, Frontier, and Niobrara Formations at depths below 10,000 ft along the southern and western margins of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Overpressuring may also occur near the <span class="hlt">basin</span> center within the Steele Shale and lower Mesaverde Group section at depths below 18,000 to 20,000 ft. However, the deepest wells drilled to date (12,000 to 15,300 ft) have not encountered over-pressure in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> center. This overpressured zone is likely to be relatively small (probably 20 to 25 miles in diameter) and is probably depleted of gas near major basement reverse faults and outcrops where gas may have escaped. Water may have invaded reservoirs through outcrops and fracture zones along the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margins, creating an extensive normally pressured zone. A zone of subnormal pressure also may exist below the water-saturated, normal-pressure zone and above the central zone of overpressure. Subnormal pressures have been interpreted in the center of the Hanna <span class="hlt">Basin</span> at depths ranging from 10,000 to 25,000 ft based on indirect evidence including lost-circulation zones. Three wells on the south side of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, where the top of the subnormally pressured zone is interpreted to cut across stratigraphic boundaries, tested the Niobrara Formation and recovered gas and oil shows with very low shut-in pressures.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://edg.epa.gov/metadata/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7B6DCE8A20-87F7-4E7E-A66D-9DF81E2EE40C%7D','PESTICIDES'); return false;" href="https://edg.epa.gov/metadata/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7B6DCE8A20-87F7-4E7E-A66D-9DF81E2EE40C%7D"><span>Albuquerque/Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Urban Waters Viewer</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/search.htm">EPA Pesticide Factsheets</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>These data have been compiled in support of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Partnership for the region including Albuquerque, New Mexico.The Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership is co-chaired by the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. There are also a number of other federal agencies engaged in projects with Tribal, State, and local officials, and community stakeholders. Like many western river ecosystems, the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande faces numerous challenges in balancing competing needs within a finite water supply and other resource constrains. Historical practices by our ancestors and immigrants to the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande have established the conditions that we have inherited. Long-term drought exacerbated by climate change is changing conditions that affect natural and human communities as we strive to improve our precious <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande.The Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership will reconnect our urban communities, particularly those that are overburdened or economically distressed, with the waterway by improving coordination among federal agencies and collaborating with community-led revitalization efforts. Our projects will improve our community water systems and promote their economic, environmental and social benefits. Specifically, the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/Albuquerque Urban Waters Federal Partnership will support the development of the Valle de Oro</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=GL-2002-001349&hterms=dengue&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3Ddengue','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=GL-2002-001349&hterms=dengue&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3Ddengue"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p></p> <p>2002-01-01</p> <p>A dengue fever outbreak has plagued <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro since January 2002. Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease. The elimination of standing water, which is a breeding ground for the mosquitoes, is a primary defense against mosquito-borne diseases like dengue. Removing such water remains a difficult problem in many urban regions. The International Space Station astronauts took this image (ISS001-ESC-5418) of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro in December 2000. Image provided by the Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory at Johnson Space Center (JSC). Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986JGR....91.1753A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986JGR....91.1753A"><span>Tectonics of the Jemez Lineament in the Jemez Mountains and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Aldrich, M. J., Jr.</p> <p>1986-02-01</p> <p>The Jemez lineament is a NE trending crustal flaw that controlled volcanism and tectonism in the Jemez Mountains and the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift zone. The fault system associated with the lineament in the rift zone includes, from west to east, the Jemez fault zone southwest of the Valles-Toledo caldera complex, a series of NE trending faults on the resurgent dome in the Valles caldera, a structural discontinuity with a high fracture intensity in the NE Jemez Mountains, and the Embudo fault zone in the Española <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The active western boundary faulting of the Española <span class="hlt">Basin</span> may have been restricted to the south side of the lineament since the mid-Miocene. The faulting apparently began on the Sierrita fault on the east side of the Nacimiento Mountains in the late Oligocene and stepped eastward in the early Miocene to the Canada de Cochiti fault zone. At the end of the Miocene (about 5 Ma) the active boundary faulting again stepped eastward to the Pajarito fault zone on the east side of the Jemez Mountains. The north end of the Pajarito fault terminates against the Jemez lineament at a point where it changes from a structural discontinuity (zone of high fracture intensity) on the west to the Embudo fault zone on the east. Major transcurrent movement occurred on the Embudo fault zone during the Pliocene and has continued at a much slower rate since then. The relative sense of displacement changes from right slip on the western part of the fault zone to left slip on the east. The kinematics of this faulting probably reflect the combined effects of faster spreading in the Española <span class="hlt">Basin</span> than the area north of the lineament (Abiquiu embayment and San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>), the right step in the rift that juxtaposes the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> against the Picuris Mountains, and counterclockwise rotation of various crustal blocks within the rift zone. No strike-slip displacements have occurred on the lineament in the central and eastern Jemez Mountains since at least the mid-Miocene, although</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4268/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4268/report.pdf"><span>Potential incremental seepage losses in an alluvial channel in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Gold, R.L.</p> <p>1985-01-01</p> <p>A two-dimensional, digital, cross-sectional model was used to simulate seepage of water from an alluvial channel, which had the general characteristic of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande channel, into the underlying alluvium within the reach from Cochiti Dam to Elephant Butte Reservoir. Seepage rates were determined for losing and gaining reaches, and reaches affected by pumping of ground water. The seepage rates were computed for stream surcharges (height of additional water applied on top of base flow) ranging from 0.5 foot to 3 feet and for application periods ranging from 1 to 100 days. The net seepage rates, which were nearly identical for each type of reach, ranged from 0.0 cubic foot per second per mile of channel length for a 0.5 foot surcharge applied for 1 day to 0.37 cubic foot per second per mile of channel length for a 3 feet surcharge applied for 100 days, followed by a 180 day seepage return flow from the aquifer. (USGS)</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_18 --> <div id="page_19" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="361"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10183678-quarternary-evolution-fluvial-systems-northern-rio-grande-rift-implications-vertical-crustal-uplift-rift-tectonics-final-report-october-september','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10183678-quarternary-evolution-fluvial-systems-northern-rio-grande-rift-implications-vertical-crustal-uplift-rift-tectonics-final-report-october-september"><span>Quarternary evolution of fluvial systems in the northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift: Implications for vertical crustal uplift and rift tectonics. Final report, October 1, 1988--September 30, 1989</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Harrington, C.D.; Wells, S.G.</p> <p>1994-09-01</p> <p>We propose to establish the late Cenozoic history of incision of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in the northern rift and to relate the variations of drainage incision to vertical uplift and rift tectonics. Our objectives are to establish the nature and timing of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande gorge development across the boundary between the Espanola/Taos-San Luis <span class="hlt">basins</span> using isotopic and varnish cation ratio dating, establishing isochrons along gorge walls and isoleths of incision rates throughout the gorge, and documenting spatial and temporal variations in the isopleth data that might reflect deformation resulting from crustal uplift. The results of this study will be significantmore » because the derived isochrons and incision rates can be used to date periods and to document the areal extent of vertical crustal uplift which may reflect asthenospheric and lithospheric interactions beneath the rift.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/9015','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/9015"><span>Drainage areas of the Twelvepole Creek <span class="hlt">basin</span>, West Virginia; Big Sandy River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, West Virginia; Tug Fork <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Virginia, Kentucky, West Virginia</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wilson, M.W.</p> <p>1979-01-01</p> <p>Drainage areas were determined for 61 <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Twelvepole Creek <span class="hlt">basin</span>, West Virginia; 11 <span class="hlt">basins</span> of the Big Sandy River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, West Virginia; and 210 <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the Tug Fork <span class="hlt">basin</span> of Virginia, Kentucky, and West Virginia. Most <span class="hlt">basins</span> with areas greater than 5 square miles were included. Drainage areas were measured with electronic digitizing equipment, and supplementary measurements were made with a hand planimeter. Stream mileages were determined by measuring, with a graduated plastic strip, distances from the mouth of each stream to the measuring point on that stream. Mileages were reported to the nearest one-hundredth of a mile in all cases. The latitude and longitude of each measuring point was determined with electronic digitizing equipment and is reported to the nearest second. The information is listed in tabular form in downstream order. Measuring points for the <span class="hlt">basins</span> are located in the tables by intersecting tributaries, by counties, by map quadrangles, or by latitude and longitude. (Woodard-USGS)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMDI41A2601J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFMDI41A2601J"><span>New Classification of Impact <span class="hlt">Basins</span> and Its Implications for <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Evolution on the Moon</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ji, J.; Liu, J.; Guo, D.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Large impact <span class="hlt">basins</span>, the comprehensive results of internal and external dynamic geological processes, are the principal topographic features on the Moon. Study on evolution of those large impact <span class="hlt">basins</span> provides important clues for understanding early history of the Moon. However, to classify the impact <span class="hlt">basins</span> before anyone can link their characteristics to <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution, discrepancies occur among different classification systems, of which some did not to consider the effect of filled basalt [1] or some did not to consider the category of non-mascon <span class="hlt">basins</span> [2, 3]. In order to clarify the ambiguous <span class="hlt">basin</span> types caused by different classifications, we re-examined impact <span class="hlt">basins</span> ≥ 200 km in diameter (66 in total; excluding SPA <span class="hlt">basin</span>) using the GRAIL geophysical data, LRO DEM data and LP geochemical data from NASA Planetary Data System. We chose two major category labels: mascon or not [1, 2, 3] and the <span class="hlt">basin</span> floor is covered by basalt/basaltic materials or not [4, 5]; plus, we considered topographic signatures as the clue of timescale. As a result, the 66 impact <span class="hlt">basins</span> were classified into four categories: Type I (20), mascon <span class="hlt">basins</span> with basalt or basaltic materials and most of them show well-preserved topography signature; Type II (28), mascon <span class="hlt">basins</span> without basalt or basaltic materials, most of them are located on the farside with preserved topography signature; Type III (11), non-mascon <span class="hlt">basins</span> with basalt or basaltic materials, most <span class="hlt">basins</span> of this type are dated as Pre-Nectarian except for Van de Graaff <span class="hlt">basin</span> and showing severely degraded topography; Type IV (6), non-mascon <span class="hlt">basins</span> without basalt or basaltic materials, all <span class="hlt">basins</span> of this type are dated as Pre-Nectarian with severely degraded topography. This new classification scheme can be easily applied to various lunar <span class="hlt">basins</span> and help us to locate important information about early environment or thermal state of the Moon by comparison study of regional geological evolution of different <span class="hlt">basin</span> types. References [1</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=255166','TEKTRAN'); return false;" href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=255166"><span>Identifying ephemeral and perennial stream reaches using apparent thermal inertia for an ungauged <span class="hlt">basin</span>: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Salado, Central New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/find-a-publication/">USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>Night and day temperature images from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) remote sensing images are used to identify ephemeral and perennial stream reaches for use in the calibration of an integrated hydrologic model of an ungauged <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The concept is based on a...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046732','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046732"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Hydrologic Landscape Regions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the area of Hydrologic Landscape Regions (HLR) compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is a 100-meter version of Hydrologic Landscape Regions of the United States (Wolock, 2003). HLR groups watersheds on the basis of similarities in land-surface form, geologic texture, and climate characteristics. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046750','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046750"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major Rivers <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Total Precipitation, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the catchment-average total precipitation in millimeters multiplied by 100 for 2002, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data were the Near-Real-Time Monthly High-Resolution Precipitation Climate Data Set for the Conterminous United States (2002) raster data set produced by the Spatial Climate Analysis Service at Oregon State University. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046758','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046758"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Average Saturation Excess-Overland Flow, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the average value of saturation overland flow, in percent of total streamflow, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is Saturation Overland Flow Estimated by TOPMODEL for the Conterminous United States (Wolock, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046733','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046733"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Mean Infiltration-Excess Overland Flow, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the mean value for infiltration-excess overland flow as estimated by the watershed model TOPMODEL, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is Infiltration-Excess Overland Flow Estimated by TOPMODEL for the Conterminous United States (Wolock, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046754','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046754"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Mean Annual R-factor, 1971-2000</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the average annual R-factor, rainfall-runoff erosivity measure, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data are from Christopher Daly of the Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University, and George Taylor of the Oregon Climate Service, Oregon State University (2002). The ERF1_2 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70027369','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70027369"><span>Estimating tectonic history through <span class="hlt">basin</span> simulation-enhanced seismic inversion: Geoinformatics for sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Tandon, K.; Tuncay, K.; Hubbard, K.; Comer, J.; Ortoleva, P.</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>A data assimilation approach is demonstrated whereby seismic inversion is both automated and enhanced using a comprehensive numerical sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> simulator to study the physics and chemistry of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> processes in response to geothermal gradient in much greater detail than previously attempted. The approach not only reduces costs by integrating the <span class="hlt">basin</span> analysis and seismic inversion activities to understand the sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution with respect to geodynamic parameters-but the technique also has the potential for serving as a geoinfomatics platform for understanding various physical and chemical processes operating at different scales within a sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Tectonic history has a first-order effect on the physical and chemical processes that govern the evolution of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span>. We demonstrate how such tectonic parameters may be estimated by minimizing the difference between observed seismic reflection data and synthetic ones constructed from the output of a reaction, transport, mechanical (RTM) <span class="hlt">basin</span> model. We demonstrate the method by reconstructing the geothermal gradient. As thermal history strongly affects the rate of RTM processes operating in a sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span>, variations in geothermal gradient history alter the present-day fluid pressure, effective stress, porosity, fracture statistics and hydrocarbon distribution. All these properties, in turn, affect the mechanical wave velocity and sediment density profiles for a sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The present-day state of the sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> is imaged by reflection seismology data to a high degree of resolution, but it does not give any indication of the processes that contributed to the evolution of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> or causes for heterogeneities within the <span class="hlt">basin</span> that are being imaged. Using texture and fluid properties predicted by our <span class="hlt">Basin</span> RTM simulator, we generate synthetic seismograms. Linear correlation using power spectra as an error measure and an efficient quadratic</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://edg.epa.gov/metadata/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7B9F22C532-F581-4F02-B6E0-2BA8662C998B%7D','PESTICIDES'); return false;" href="https://edg.epa.gov/metadata/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7B9F22C532-F581-4F02-B6E0-2BA8662C998B%7D"><span>Geologic <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Boundaries (<span class="hlt">Basins</span>_GHGRP) GIS Layer</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/search.htm">EPA Pesticide Factsheets</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>This is a coverage shapefile of geologic <span class="hlt">basin</span> boundaries which are used by EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. For onshore production, the facility includes all emissions associated with wells owned or operated by a single company in a specific hydrocarbon producing <span class="hlt">basin</span> (as defined by the geologic provinces published by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists). This layer is limited to the contiguous United States.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.5597N','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.5597N"><span>Origin and evolution of phyllosilicate deformation bands in the poorly lithified sandstones of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Peixe <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, NE Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Nogueira, Francisco; Nicchio, Matheus; Balsamo, Fabrizio; Bezerra, Francisco; Souza, Jorge; Carvalho, Bruno; Storti, Fabrizio</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>In this work we describe the genetic processes and the microstructural evolution of phylossilicate deformation bands developed in poorly lithified, high porosity sandstones of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> do Peixe <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Northeast Brazil. The studied deformation bands occur in damage zones of NE-SW and NW-SE transtensional faults that exhibit well developed anastomosed clusters, with a thickness varying from tens of centimeters to 1 meter. The Host rocks are arkosic to lithic arkosic coarse sandstones to fine conglomerate and with less than 1% of clay content in the matrix. Based on (i) field observations, (ii) clay amount in deformation band cores and (iii) clay mineral arrangements in deformation bands cores, we identified two types of phyllosilicate deformation bands: (1) clay smearing deformation bands and (2) phyllosilicate deformation bands formed by clay authigenesis. The former occur only in fault zones that cut across clay-rich layers and are characterized by 45-50% of clay content. Single element chemical analysis indicates that the composition of clay minerals in clay smearing deformation bands is similar to that of clay-rich layers in the host rocks. The dominant deformation mechanism is particulate flow, which produces preferential alignments of grains and clay minerals. Only subordinate cataclasis occurs. Based on microstructural fabrics, three evolutionary stages can be identified for phyllosilicate deformation bands formed by clay authigenesis. The first one is characterized by preferentially cataclasis and weathering of feldspars. Clay concentration is relatively low, reaching 15-20%, with preferential concentration where crushed feldspar abundance is higher. The second stage is characterized by clay migration within deformation bands, to form continuous films with more than 20-25% of clay concentration. In the last stage clay mineral fabric re-organization occurs, forming well a developed S-C foliation. Clay concentration exceeds 35%. Single element chemical analysis</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7018465-basin-analysis-tertiary-strata-pattani-basin-gulf-thailand','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7018465-basin-analysis-tertiary-strata-pattani-basin-gulf-thailand"><span><span class="hlt">Basin</span> analysis of tertiary strata in the Pattani <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Gulf of Thailand</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Chonchawalit, A.; Bustin, R.M.</p> <p></p> <p>The stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Pattani <span class="hlt">basin</span>, the most prolific petroleum <span class="hlt">basin</span> in Thailand, reflects the extensional tectonics of continental southeast Asia. East-west extension, a product of the northward collision of India with Eurasia since the early Tertiary resulted in the formation of a series of north-south-trending sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> including the Pattani <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Subsidence and thermal histories of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> can generally be accounted for by nonuniform lithospheric stretching. The validity of nonuniform lithospheric stretching as a mechanic for the formation of the Pattani <span class="hlt">basin</span> is confirmed by a reasonably good agreement between modeled and observed vitrinite reflectancemore » at various depths and locations. The amount of stretching and surface heat flow generally increases from the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin to the <span class="hlt">basin</span> center. Crustal stretching factor ([beta]) ranges from 1.3 at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin to 2.8 in the center. Subcrustal stretching factor ([sigma]) ranges from 1.3 at the margin to more than 3.0 in the center. The stretching of the lithosphere may have extended basement rocks as much as 45 to 90 km and may have caused the upwelling of asthenosphere, resulting in high heat flow. The sedimentary succession in the Pattani <span class="hlt">basin</span> is divisible into synrift and postrift sequences. The synrift sequences comprise (1) late Eocene ( ) to early Oligocene alluvial fan, braided river, and flood-plain deposits; (2) late Oligocene to early Miocene floodplain and channel deposits; and (3) an early Miocene regressive package of marine to nonmarine sediments. Deposition of synrift sequences corresponded to rifting and extension, which included episodic block faulting and rapid subsidence. Postrift succession comprises (1) an early to middle Miocene regressive package of shallow marine to nonmarine sediments, (2) a late early Miocene transgressive package; and (3) a late Miocene to Pleistocene transgression succession.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5749053-tectonic-framework-turkish-sedimentary-basins','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5749053-tectonic-framework-turkish-sedimentary-basins"><span>Tectonic framework of Turkish sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Yilmaz, P.O.</p> <p>1988-08-01</p> <p>Turkey's exploration potential primarily exists in seven onshore (Southeast Turkey platform, Tauride platform, Pontide platform, East Anatolian platform, Interior, Trace, and Adana) <span class="hlt">basins</span> and four offshore (Black Sea, Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea, and Mediterranean Sea) regional <span class="hlt">basins</span> formed during the Mesozoic and Tertiary. The Mesozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span> are the onshore <span class="hlt">basins</span>: Southeast Turkey, Tauride, Pontide, East Anatolian, and Interior <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Due to their common tectonic heritage, the southeast Turkey and Tauride <span class="hlt">basins</span> have similar source rocks, structural growth, trap size, and structural styles. In the north, another Mesozoic <span class="hlt">basin</span>, the Pontide platform, has a much more complex history and very littlemore » in common with the southerly <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The Pontide has two distinct parts; the west has Paleozoic continental basement and the east is underlain by island-arc basement of Jurassic age. The plays are in the upper Mesozoic rocks in the west Pontide. The remaining Mesozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span> of the onshore Interior and East Anatolian <span class="hlt">basins</span> are poorly known and very complex. Their source, reservoir, and seal are not clearly defined. The <span class="hlt">basins</span> formed during several orogenic phases in mesozoic and Tertiary. The Cenozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span> are the onshore Thrace and Adana <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and all offshore regional <span class="hlt">basins</span> formed during Miocene extension. Further complicating the onshore <span class="hlt">basins</span> evolution is the superposition of Cenozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span> and Mesozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The Thrace <span class="hlt">basin</span> in the northwest and Adana <span class="hlt">basin</span> in the south both originate from Tertiary extension over Tethyan basement and result in a similar source, reservoir, and seal. Local strike-slip movement along the North Anatolian fault modifies the Thrace <span class="hlt">basin</span> structures, influencing its hydrocarbon potential.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=39545&Lab=ORD&keyword=sedimentation+AND+channels&actType=&TIMSType=+&TIMSSubTypeID=&DEID=&epaNumber=&ntisID=&archiveStatus=Both&ombCat=Any&dateBeginCreated=&dateEndCreated=&dateBeginPublishedPresented=&dateEndPublishedPresented=&dateBeginUpdated=&dateEndUpdated=&dateBeginCompleted=&dateEndCompleted=&personID=&role=Any&journalID=&publisherID=&sortBy=revisionDate&count=50','EPA-EIMS'); return false;" href="https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=39545&Lab=ORD&keyword=sedimentation+AND+channels&actType=&TIMSType=+&TIMSSubTypeID=&DEID=&epaNumber=&ntisID=&archiveStatus=Both&ombCat=Any&dateBeginCreated=&dateEndCreated=&dateBeginPublishedPresented=&dateEndPublishedPresented=&dateBeginUpdated=&dateEndUpdated=&dateBeginCompleted=&dateEndCompleted=&personID=&role=Any&journalID=&publisherID=&sortBy=revisionDate&count=50"><span>SURVEY OF CROSS-<span class="hlt">BASIN</span> BOAT TRAFFIC, ATCHAFALAYA <span class="hlt">BASIN</span>, LOUISIANA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://oaspub.epa.gov/eims/query.page">EPA Science Inventory</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>For flood control and for the preservation and enhancement of environmental quality of overflow swamp habitats, introduction of sediment from the Atchafalaya <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Main Channel into backwater areas of the Atchafalaya <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Floodway should be minimized. This introduction occurs ma...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5020/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5020/"><span>Effects of natural and human factors on groundwater quality of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in the southwestern United States-conceptual models for selected contaminants</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Bexfield, Laura M.; Thiros, Susan A.; Anning, David W.; Huntington, Jena M.; McKinney, Tim S.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, the Southwest Principal Aquifers (SWPA) study is building a better understanding of the factors that affect water quality in <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in the Southwestern United States. The SWPA study area includes four principal aquifers of the United States: the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Range <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers in California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona; the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande aquifer system in New Mexico and Colorado; and the California Coastal <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and Central Valley aquifer systems in California. Similarities in the hydrogeology, land- and water-use practices, and water-quality issues for alluvial <span class="hlt">basins</span> within the study area allow for regional analysis through synthesis of the baseline knowledge of groundwater-quality conditions in <span class="hlt">basins</span> previously studied by the NAWQA Program. Resulting improvements in the understanding of the sources, movement, and fate of contaminants are assisting in the development of tools used to assess aquifer susceptibility and vulnerability.This report synthesizes previously published information about the groundwater systems and water quality of 15 information-rich <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers (SWPA case-study <span class="hlt">basins</span>) into conceptual models of the primary natural and human factors commonly affecting groundwater quality with respect to selected contaminants, thereby helping to build a regional understanding of the susceptibility and vulnerability of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill aquifers to those contaminants. Four relatively common contaminants (dissolved solids, nitrate, arsenic, and uranium) and two contaminant classes (volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and pesticide compounds) were investigated for sources and controls affecting their occurrence and distribution above specified levels of concern in groundwater of the case-study <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Conceptual models of factors that are important to aquifer vulnerability with respect to those contaminants and contaminant classes were subsequently formed. The</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.H21A1418E','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFM.H21A1418E"><span>Hydrogeologic investigations of the southern Española <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, NM</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Earney, T.; Christensen, D.; Horton, A.; Folsom, M.; Kelley, S.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>For the past 5 years, students participating in the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE) have been studying groundwater conditions in the southern Española <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, in northern New Mexico, with a goal of developing a better understanding of both regional and local scale geothermal anomalies. A regional geothermal gradient map constructed over the study area indicates that there are two regions with anomalously high geothermal gradients, one associated with the Buckman municipal wellfield (BMWF) and the other in the vicinity of the Cerros del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> volcanic field. Overproduction at the BMWF was responsible for a 100 meter drop in groundwater levels between 1989 and 2003, leading to a significant amount of land subsidence. Repeat measurements of thermal profiles for several monitoring wells at Buckman reveal incremental warming over a 5 year period from 2013 to 2017. Additionally, land elevation recovery was documented between 2007 and 2010 using InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar). These observations are inferred to be a response to decreased production rates in nearby wells Buckman 1 and 8. This suggests that the groundwater flow system at Buckman is still in a state of recovery from the years of overproduction. The proximity of the well field to a small mapped fault near Buckman 8 potentially explains why geothermal gradients are anomalously high at the BMWF. Monitoring well SF-2b received special attention in an attempt to explain a localized thermal anomaly between 200 and 230 meters down hole. Explanations including geology (faults and stratigraphy) and interference from nearby production wells do not seem to account for the anomaly. The anomaly is therefore interpreted as the result of a damaged casing. Elevated geothermal anomalies at the Cerros del <span class="hlt">Rio</span> volcanic field could be explained by structural and textural changes to groundwater flow units that occurred when aligned plug and dikes feeding volcanic vents intruded along faults. A</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046753','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046753"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Estimated Mean Annual Natural Groundwater Recharge, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the mean annual natural groundwater recharge, in millimeters, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is Estimated Mean Annual Natural Ground-Water Recharge in the Conterminous United States (Wolock, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046697','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046697"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Base-Flow Index, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the mean base-flow index expressed as a percent, compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments of Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). Base flow is the component of streamflow that can be attributed to ground-water discharge into streams. The source data set is Base-Flow Index for the Conterminous United States (Wolock, 2003). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AGUFMGC21B0154R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AGUFMGC21B0154R"><span>Quaternary Sedimentary and Geomorphic History of River Valleys in the Lake Titicaca <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Peru and Bolivia</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Rigsby, C. A.; Farabaugh, R. L.; Baker, P. A.</p> <p>2002-12-01</p> <p>Lacustrine sediments have become important archives of paleoclimatic history in the tropical Andes of South America. The history of lake level of Lake Titicaca (LT) has played a central role in these reconstructions. Here we report on our ongoing studies of the late Quaternary sedimentary and geomorphic histories of two of the major tributaries to LT (the <span class="hlt">Rios</span> Ramis and Ilave) and on our earlier studies of LT's only outlet (the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Desaguadero). The strata and fluvial terraces in these valleys record large-scale aggradation and downcutting events that are apparently correlative with both climate changes in the LT <span class="hlt">basin</span> and local complex response mechanisms (changes in sediment source, topographic variability, etc.). Both the Ramis and Ilave valleys have 5 terrace tracts, ranging from less than 1 m to approximately 53 m above the river level and occurring as both paired and unpaired tracts and as cut-fill, fill-, and strath terraces. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Desaguadero valley has 4, locally paired, cut-fill and fill terrace tracts that range in height from approximately 2 m to 40 m above river level. In all three valleys, the terraces are underlain by meandering- and braided-river sands and gravels and by lacustrine muds. Radiocarbon dates from the Ilave and Desaguadero valleys suggest that strata in these valleys aggraded during periods of high or rising levels of LT, high or increasing sedimentation rates in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ilave delta, high (but variable) regional precipitation, and lacustrine sedimentation in the upstream-most reaches of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Desaguadero valley. These same strata were downcut during periods of low or falling levels of LT, low or rapidly decreasing sedimentation rates in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ilave delta, and lower regional precipitation and runoff. In all three valleys, aggradational periods are punctuated by equilibrium periods of soil formation, downcutting events are episodic, and the most recent events are aggradation and subsequent downcutting of a low, young fill</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_19 --> <div id="page_20" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="381"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFMEP43D1910G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFMEP43D1910G"><span>Ongoing River Capture in the Amazon via Secondary Channel Flow</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Goldberg, S. L.; Stokes, M.; Perron, J. T.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare in South America is a secondary channel that originates as a distributary of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco and flows into the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro as a tributary to form a perennial connection between the Amazon and Orinoco <span class="hlt">basins</span>, the largest and fourth-largest rivers on Earth by discharge. This unusual configuration is the result of an incomplete and ongoing river capture in which the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro is actively capturing the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco. This rarely observed intermediate stage of capture illuminates important mechanisms that drive river capture in lowland settings, both in the Amazon <span class="hlt">basin</span> and elsewhere. In particular, we show that the capture of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare is driven by a combination of headward incision of a rapidly eroding tributary of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Negro, sedimentation in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco downstream of the bifurcation, and seasonal inundation of a low-relief divide. The initiation of the bifurcation by headward erosion caused an increase in discharge to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare while the corresponding loss of discharge to the downstream <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco has led to observable sedimentation within the main channel. Unlike most ephemeral secondary channels, the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare appears to be growing, suggesting that the present bifurcation is an unstable feature that will eventually lead to the complete capture of the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Orinoco by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare. This capture is the latest major event in the late Cenozoic drainage evolution of South America in response to Andean tectonism, and is an example of the lateral expansion of the Amazon <span class="hlt">basin</span> through river capture following integration and entrenchment of the transcontinental Amazon River. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Casiquiare provides a snapshot of an intermediate, transient state of bifurcation and inter-<span class="hlt">basin</span> flow via a secondary channel during lowland river capture.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011JHyd..409..710L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011JHyd..409..710L"><span>Trend-outflow method for understanding interactions of surface water with groundwater and atmospheric water for eight reaches of the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Liu, Yi; Sheng, Zhuping</p> <p>2011-11-01</p> <p>SummaryAtmospheric water, surface water, and groundwater interact very actively through hydrologic processes such as precipitation, infiltration, seepage, irrigation, drainage, evaporation, and evapotranspiration in the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. A trend-outflow method has been developed in this paper to gain a better understanding of the interactions based on cumulated inflow and outflow data for any river reaches of interest. A general trend-outflow equation was derived by associating the net interaction of surface water with atmospheric water as a polynomial of inflow and the net interaction of surface water with groundwater as a constant based on surface water budget. Linear and quadratic relations are probably two common trend-outflow types in the real world. It was found that trend-outflows of the Upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande reaches, Española, Albuquerque, Socorro-Engle, Palomas, and Rincon are linear with inflow, while those of reaches, Belen, Mesilla and Hueco are quadratic. Reaches Belen, Mesilla and Hueco are found as water deficit reaches mainly for irrigated agriculture in extreme drought years.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015EGUGA..1715309B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015EGUGA..1715309B"><span>Orogenic front propagation in the basement involved Malargüe fold and thrust belt, Neuquén <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, (Argentina)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Branellec, Matthieu; Nivière, Bertrand; Callot, Jean-Paul; Ringenbach, Jean-Claude</p> <p>2015-04-01</p> <p>The Malargüe fold and thrust belt (MFTB) and the San Rafael Block (SRB) are located in the northern termination of the Neuquén <span class="hlt">basin</span> in Argentina. This <span class="hlt">basin</span> is a wide inverted intracratonic sag <span class="hlt">basin</span> with polyphased evolution controlled at large scale by the dynamic of the Pacific subduction. By late Triassic times, narrow rift <span class="hlt">basins</span> developed and evolved toward a sag <span class="hlt">basin</span> from middle Jurassic to late Cretaceous. From that time on, compression at the trench resulted in various shortening pulses in the back-arc area. Here we aim to analyze the Andean system at 35°S by comparing the Miocene structuration in the MFTB and the current deformation along the oriental border or the San Rafael Block. The main structuration stage in the MFTB occurred by Miocene times (15 to 10 Ma) producing the principal uplift of the Andean Cordillera. As shown by new structural cross sections, Triassic-early Jurassic rift border faults localized the Miocene compressive tectonics. Deformation is compartmentalized and does not exhibit a classical propagation of homogeneous deformation sequence expected from the critical taper theory. Several intramontane <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the hangingwall of the main thrusts progressively disconnected from the foreland. In addition, active tectonics has been described in the front of the MFTB attesting for the on-going compression in this area. 100 km farther to the east, The San Rafael Block, is separated from the MFTB by the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The SRB is mostly composed of Paleozoic terranes and Triassic rift-related rocks, overlain by late Miocene synorogenic deposits. The SRB is currently uplifted along its oriental border along several active faults. These faults have clear morphologic signatures in Quaternary alluvial terraces and folded Pleistocene lavas. As in the MFTB, the active deformation localization remains localized by structural inheritance. The Andean system is thus evolving as an atypical orogenic wedge partly by frontal accretion at the front</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0104.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0104.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core booster aboard the barge Pegasus. Construction workers with Southeast Cherokee Construction Inc. work to shore up the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> area. A crane will be used to lift up precast concrete poles and position them to be driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the 300,000-pound core booster aboard the modified Pegasus barge. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.5591J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.5591J"><span>Reflection Response of the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (NE Brazil) from Seismic Ambient Noise Autocorrelation Functions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Julià, Jordi; Schimmel, Martin; Cedraz, Victória</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>Reflected-wave interferometry relies on the recording of transient seismic signals from random wavefields located beneath recording stations. Under vertical incidence, the recordings contain the full transmission response, which includes the direct wave as well as multiple reverberations from seismic discontinuities located between the wavefields and the receiver. It has been shown that, under those assumptions, the reflection response of the medium can be recovered from the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the transmission response at a given receiver, as if the wavefields had originated themselves at the free surface. This passive approach to seismic reflection profiling has the obvious advantage of being low-cost and non-invasive when compared to its active-source counterpart, and it has been successfully utilized in other sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> worldwide. In this paper we evaluate the ability of the autocorrelation of ambient seismic noise recorded in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span> - a large Paleozoic <span class="hlt">basin</span> in NE Brazil - to recover the reflection response of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The dataset was acquired by the Universidade Federal do <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Norte during 2015 and 2016 under the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Analysis Project (PBAP), a multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional effort funded by BP Energy do Brasil aimed at improving our current understanding of the architecture of this cratonic <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The dataset consists of about 1 year of continuous ground motion data from 10 short-period, 3-component stations located in the central portion of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The stations were co-located with an existing (active-source) seismic reflection profile that was shot in 2012, making a linear array of about 100 km in aperture and about 10 km inter-station spacing. To develop the autocorrelation at a given station we considered the vertical component of ground motion only, which should result in the P-wave response. The vertical recordings were first split into 10 min-long windows, demeaned, de</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046745','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046745"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Physiographic Provinces</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the area of each physiographic province (Fenneman and Johnson, 1946) in square meters, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data are from Fenneman and Johnson's Physiographic Provinces of the United States, which is based on 8 major divisions, 25 provinces, and 86 sections representing distinctive areas having common topography, rock type and structure, and geologic and geomorphic history (Fenneman and Johnson, 1946).The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..967B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..967B"><span>Science Results from a Mars Drilling Simulation (Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain) and Ground Truth for Remote Science Observations</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; Stoker, Carol R.</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>Science results from a field-simulated lander payload and post-mission laboratory investigations provided "ground truth" to interpret remote science observations made as part of the 2005 Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) drilling mission simulation. The experiment was successful in detecting evidence for life, habitability, and preservation potential of organics in a relevant astrobiological analogue of Mars. Science results. Borehole 7 was drilled near the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> headwaters at Peña de Hierro (Spain) in the upper oxidized remnant of an acid rock drainage system. Analysis of 29 cores (215 cm of core was recovered from 606 cm penetrated depth) revealed a matrix of goethite- (42-94%) and hematite-rich (47-87%) rocks with pockets of phyllosilicates (47-74%) and fine- to coarse-grained loose material. Post-mission X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the range of hematite:goethite mixtures that were visually recognizable (˜1:1, ˜1:2, and ˜1:3 mixtures displayed a yellowish-red color whereas 3:1 mixtures displayed a dark reddish-brown color). Organic carbon was poorly preserved in hematite/goethite-rich materials (Corg <0.05 wt %) beneath the biologically active organic-rich soil horizon (Corg ˜3-11 wt %) in contrast to the phyllosilicate-rich zones (Corg ˜0.23 wt %). Ground truth vs. remote science analysis. Laboratory-based analytical results were compared to the analyses obtained by a Remote Science Team (RST) using a blind protocol. Ferric iron phases, lithostratigraphy, and inferred geologic history were correctly identified by the RST with the exception of phyllosilicate-rich materials that were misinterpreted as weathered igneous rock. Adenosine 5‧-triphosphate (ATP) luminometry, a tool available to the RST, revealed ATP amounts above background noise, i.e., 278-876 Relative Luminosity Units (RLUs) in only 6 cores, whereas organic carbon was detected in all cores. Our manned vs. remote observations based on automated</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105754','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105754"><span>Science results from a Mars drilling simulation (Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain) and ground truth for remote science observations.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; Stoker, Carol R</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>Science results from a field-simulated lander payload and post-mission laboratory investigations provided "ground truth" to interpret remote science observations made as part of the 2005 Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) drilling mission simulation. The experiment was successful in detecting evidence for life, habitability, and preservation potential of organics in a relevant astrobiological analogue of Mars. SCIENCE RESULTS: Borehole 7 was drilled near the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> headwaters at Peña de Hierro (Spain) in the upper oxidized remnant of an acid rock drainage system. Analysis of 29 cores (215 cm of core was recovered from 606 cm penetrated depth) revealed a matrix of goethite- (42-94%) and hematite-rich (47-87%) rocks with pockets of phyllosilicates (47-74%) and fine- to coarse-grained loose material. Post-mission X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the range of hematite:goethite mixtures that were visually recognizable (approximately 1:1, approximately 1:2, and approximately 1:3 mixtures displayed a yellowish-red color whereas 3:1 mixtures displayed a dark reddish-brown color). Organic carbon was poorly preserved in hematite/goethite-rich materials (C(org) <0.05 wt %) beneath the biologically active organic-rich soil horizon (C(org) approximately 3-11 wt %) in contrast to the phyllosilicate-rich zones (C(org) approximately 0.23 wt %). GROUND TRUTH VS. REMOTE SCIENCE ANALYSIS: Laboratory-based analytical results were compared to the analyses obtained by a Remote Science Team (RST) using a blind protocol. Ferric iron phases, lithostratigraphy, and inferred geologic history were correctly identified by the RST with the exception of phyllosilicate-rich materials that were misinterpreted as weathered igneous rock. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) luminometry, a tool available to the RST, revealed ATP amounts above background noise, i.e., 278-876 Relative Luminosity Units (RLUs) in only 6 cores, whereas organic carbon was detected in all</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4071/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4071/report.pdf"><span>Simulation of streamflow in small drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the southern Yampa River <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Colorado</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Parker, R.S.; Norris, J.M.</p> <p>1989-01-01</p> <p>Coal mining operations in northwestern Colorado commonly are located in areas that have minimal available water-resource information. Drainage-<span class="hlt">basin</span> models can be a method for extending water-resource information to include periods for which there are no records or to transfer the information to areas that have no streamflow-gaging stations. To evaluate the magnitude and variability of the components of the water balance in the small drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> monitored, and to provide some method for transfer of hydrologic data, the U.S. Geological Survey 's Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System was used for small drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the southern Yampa River <span class="hlt">basin</span> to simulate daily mean streamflow using daily precipitation and air-temperature data. The study area was divided into three hydrologic regions, and in each of these regions, three drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> were monitored. Two of the drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> in each region were used to calibrate the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System. The model was not calibrated for the third drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span> in each region; instead, parameter values were transferred from the model that was calibrated for the two drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span>. For all of the drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> except one, period of record used for calibration and verification included water years 1976-81. Simulated annual volumes of streamflow for drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> used in calibration compared well with observed values; individual hydrographs indicated timing differences between the observed and simulated daily mean streamflow. Observed and simulated annual average streamflows compared well for the periods of record, but values of simulated high and low streamflows were different than observed values. Similar results were obtained when calibrated model parameter values were transferred to drainage <span class="hlt">basins</span> that were uncalibrated. (USGS)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046735','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046735"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Level 3 Nutrient Ecoregions, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the area of each level 3 nutrient ecoregion in square meters compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data are from the 2002 version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Aggregations of Level III Ecoregions for National Nutrient Assessment & Management Strategy (USEPA, 2002). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70010261','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70010261"><span>Geothermal resources of the northern gulf of Mexico <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Jones, P.H.</p> <p>1970-01-01</p> <p>Published geothermal gradient maps for the northern Gulf of Mexico <span class="hlt">basin</span> indicate little or no potential for the development of geothermal resources. Results of deep drilling, from 4000 to 7000 meters or more, during the past decade however, define very sharp increases in geothermal gradient which are associated with the occurrence of abnormally high interstitial fluid pressure (geopressure). Bounded by regional growth faults along the landward margin of the Gulf <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, the geopressured zone extends some 1300 km from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande (at the boundary between the United States and Mexico) to the mouth of the Mississippi river. Gulfward, it extends to an unknown distance across the Continental Shelf. Within geopressured deposits, geothermal gradients range upwards to 100 ??C/km, being greatest within and immediately below the depth interval in which the maximum pressure gradient change occurs. The 120 ??C isogeotherm ranges from about 2500 to 5000 m below sea level, and conforms in a general way with depth of occurrence of the top of the geopressured zone. Measured geostatic ratios range upward to 0.97; the maximum observed temperature is 273 ??C, at a depth of 5859 m. Dehydration of montmorillonite, which comprises 60 to 80 percent of clay deposited in the northern Gulf <span class="hlt">Basin</span> during the Neogene, occurs at depths where temperature exceeds about 80 ??C, and is generally complete at depths where temperature exceeds 120 ??C. This process converts intracrystalline and bound water to free pore water, the volume produced being roughly equivalent to half the volume of montmorillonite so altered. Produced water is fresh, and has low viscosity and density. Sand-bed aquifers of deltaic, longshore, or marine origin form excellent avenues for drainage of geopressured deposits by wells, each of which may yield 10,000 m3 or more of superheated water per day from reservoirs having pressures up to 1000 bars at depths greater than 5000 m. ?? 1971.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2258/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2258/report.pdf"><span>Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms--Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Hollett, Kenneth J.</p> <p>1985-01-01</p> <p>The Papago Farms-Great Plain and upper <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sonoyta study area includes about 490 square miles in south-central Arizona and north-central Sonora, Mexico. The area is characterized by a broad, deep, sediment-filled <span class="hlt">basin</span> bounded by low, jagged fault-block mountains. The climate is arid to semiarid. The climate and abundant ground water provide favorable conditions for irrigated agriculture. Annual precipitation averages 5 to 8 inches per year on the desert floor. Runoff, which occurs as intermittent streamflow and sheetflow, is too short lived and too laden with suspended sediment to be a reliable source for irrigation or public supply. Nearly all the water used to irrigate more than 5,000 cultivated acres in the study area is withdrawn from the unconsolidated to partly consolidated <span class="hlt">basin</span> fill. The ground water occurs in the deposits under unconfined (water-table) conditions with a saturated thickness that ranges from zero along the mountain fronts to more than 8,000 feet in the center of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The amount of recoverable ground water in storage to a depth of 400 feet below the 1978-80 water table is estimated to be about 10 million acre-feet. Depths to water range from about 500 feet near the southern boundary of the study area to about 150 feet in the center of the study area. Ground water enters the area principally as underflow beneath the San Simon and Chukut Kuk Washes and as recharge along the mountain fronts. On the basis of model results, annual inflow to the ground-water system is estimated to be about 4,390 acre-feet. Ground water moves through the study area along paths that encircle a virtually impermeable unit in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> center, termed 'the lakebed-clay deposits,' and moves westward to an outflow point beneath the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Sonoyta south of Cerro La Nariz. Rates of water movement range from less than I foot per year in clays to about 160 feet per year in well-sorted, coarse stream-channel deposits. Transmissivities along the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margins range from 10</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AGUFM.T53D1612F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009AGUFM.T53D1612F"><span>Peripheral structures of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Rift in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, around the Colorado-New Mexico border</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Fridrich, C. J.; Workman, J. B.</p> <p>2009-12-01</p> <p>Recently active faults of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift near the Colorado-New Mexico border are almost entirely limited to the San Luis <span class="hlt">basin</span>. In contrast, the early (≈26 to ≈10 Ma) structure of the rift in this area is significantly broader. A wide zone of abandoned, peripheral extensional structures is exposed on the eastern flank of the San Luis basin—in the west half of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, known in this area as the southern Culebra and northern Taos Ranges. New detailed mapping shows that the eastern limit of the zone of early peripheral extension is marked by an aligned series of north-trending grabens, including the Devil’s Park, Valle Vidal, and Moreno Valley <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Master faults of these intermontaine <span class="hlt">basins</span> are partly localized along, and evidently reactivated moderate- to high-angle Laramide (≈70 to ≈40 Ma) reverse faults of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Between these grabens and the San Luis <span class="hlt">basin</span> lies a structural zone that varies in style from block faulting, in the north, to more closely spaced tilted-domino-style faulting in the Latir volcanic field, to the south. Additional early rift structures include several long northwest-striking faults, the largest of which are interpreted to have accommodated significant right-lateral strike-slip, based on abrupt southwestward increase in the magnitude of extension across them. These faults evidently transferred strain from the axial part of the rift into the zone of early peripheral extension, and accommodated lateral changes in structural style. Throughout the area of early peripheral extension, there is a correlation between the magnitude of local volcanism and the degree of extension; however, it is unclear if extension drove volcanism—via mantle upwelling, or if extension was maximized where the crust was weakest, owing to the presence of magma and hot rock at shallow depths.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-s40-614-061.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-s40-614-061.html"><span>Albuquerque, NM, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>1991-06-14</p> <p>STS040-614-061 (5-14 June 1991) --- Albuquerque, New Mexico is perched on the edge of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande floodplain, which crosses the photograph from upper left to center lower right. The reddish-brown surface of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, a fault-bounded structural <span class="hlt">basin</span> filled by alluvial fan and lake-bed sediments, is broken by an irregular light-toned rim River along both the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Puerco (lower left). The rim marks the erosional edge of an ancient caliche soil that formed more than a half-million years ago, before the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande integrated its drainage from <span class="hlt">basin</span> to <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upper right portion of the photograph is dominated by dark tones, representing pinyon/juniper and other timber growing on very old rocks of the Sandia Mountains. Interstate 40 can be seen passing through Sandia Pass which cuts the mountain mass.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70013781','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70013781"><span>JACK CREEK <span class="hlt">BASIN</span>, MONTANA.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Kiilsgaard, Thor H.; Van Noy, Ronald M.</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>A mineral survey of the Jack Creek <span class="hlt">basin</span> area in Montana revealed that phosphate rock underlies the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The phosphate rock is in thin beds that dip steeply and are broken and offset by faults. These features plus the rugged topography of the region would make mining difficult; however, this study finds the area to have a probable mineral-resource potential for phosphate. Sedimentary rock formations favorable for oil and gas also underlie the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. No oil or gas has been produced from the <span class="hlt">basin</span> or from nearby areas in southwestern Montana, but oil and gas have been produced from the same favorable formations elsewhere in Montana. The possibility of oil and gas being produced from the <span class="hlt">basin</span> is slight but it cannot be ignored.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70021696','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70021696"><span>Response of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and shallow ground water in the Mesilla Bolson to irrigation, climate stress, and pumping</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Walton, J.; Ohlmacher, G.; Utz, D.; Kutianawala, M.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>The El Paso-Ciudad Juarez metropolitan area obtains its water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and intermontane-<span class="hlt">basin</span> aquifers. Shallow ground water in this region is in close communications with the surface water system. A major problem with both systems is salinity. Upstream usage of the water in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for irrigation and municipalities has led to concentration of soluble salts to the point where the surface water commonly exceeds drinking water standards. Shallow ground water is recharged by surface water (primarily irrigation canals and agricultural fields) and discharges to surface water (agricultural drains) and deeper ground water. The source of water entering the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande varies seasonally. During the irrigation season, water is released from reservoirs and mixes with the return flow from irrigation drains. During the non-irrigation season (winter), flow is from irrigation drains and river water quality is indicative of shallow ground water. The annual cycle can be ascertained from the inverse correlation between ion concentrations and discharge in the river. Water-quality data indicate that the salinity of shallow ground water increases each year during a drought. Water-management strategies in the region can affect water quality. Increasing the pumping rate of water-supply wells will cause shallow ground water to flow into the deeper aquifers and degrade the water quality. Lining the canals in the irrigation system to stop water leakage will lead to water quality degradation in shallow ground water and, eventually, deep ground water by removing a major source of high quality recharge that currently lowers the salinity of the shallow ground water.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JHyd..560..289G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JHyd..560..289G"><span>A framework model for water-sharing among co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> states of a river <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Garg, N. K.; Azad, Shambhu</p> <p>2018-05-01</p> <p>A new framework model is presented in this study for sharing of water in a river <span class="hlt">basin</span> using certain governing variables, in an effort to enhance the objectivity for a reasonable and equitable allocation of water among co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> states. The governing variables were normalised to reduce the governing variables of different co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> states of a river <span class="hlt">basin</span> on same scale. In the absence of objective methods for evaluating the weights to be assigned to co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> states for water allocation, a framework was conceptualised and formulated to determine the normalised weighting factors of different co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> states as a function of the governing variables. The water allocation to any co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> state had been assumed to be proportional to its struggle for equity, which in turn was assumed to be a function of the normalised discontent, satisfaction, and weighting factors of each co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> state. System dynamics was used effectively to represent and solve the proposed model formulation. The proposed model was successfully applied to the Vamsadhara river <span class="hlt">basin</span> located in the South-Eastern part of India, and a sensitivity analysis of the proposed model parameters was carried out to prove its robustness in terms of the proposed model convergence and validity over the broad spectrum values of the proposed model parameters. The solution converged quickly to a final allocation of 1444 million cubic metre (MCM) in the case of the Odisha co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> state, and to 1067 MCM for the Andhra Pradesh co-<span class="hlt">basin</span> state. The sensitivity analysis showed that the proposed model's allocation varied from 1584 MCM to 1336 MCM for Odisha state and from 927 to 1175 MCM for Andhra, depending upon the importance weights given to the governing variables for the calculation of the weighting factors. Thus, the proposed model was found to be very flexible to explore various policy options to arrive at a decision in a water sharing problem. It can therefore be effectively applied to any trans-boundary problem where</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1918200F','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..1918200F"><span>On the soil moisture estimate at <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale in Mediterranean <span class="hlt">basins</span> with the ASAR sensor: the Mulargia <span class="hlt">basin</span> case study</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Fois, Laura; Montaldo, Nicola</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>Soil moisture plays a key role in water and energy exchanges between soil, vegetation and atmosphere. For water resources planning and managementthesoil moistureneeds to be accurately and spatially monitored, specially where the risk of desertification is high, such as Mediterranean <span class="hlt">basins</span>. In this sense active remote sensors are very attractive for soil moisture monitoring. But Mediterranean basinsaretypicallycharacterized by strong topography and high spatial variability of physiographic properties, and only high spatial resolution sensorsare potentially able to monitor the strong soil moisture spatial variability.In this regard the Envisat ASAR (Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar) sensor offers the attractive opportunity ofsoil moisture mapping at fine spatial and temporal resolutions(up to 30 m, every 30 days). We test the ASAR sensor for soil moisture estimate in an interesting Sardinian case study, the Mulargia <span class="hlt">basin</span> withan area of about 70 sq.km. The position of the Sardinia island in the center of the western Mediterranean Sea <span class="hlt">basin</span>, its low urbanization and human activity make Sardinia a perfect reference laboratory for Mediterranean hydrologic studies. The Mulargia <span class="hlt">basin</span> is a typical Mediterranean basinin water-limited conditions, and is an experimental <span class="hlt">basin</span> from 2003. For soil moisture mapping23 satellite ASAR imagery at single and dual polarization were acquired for the 2003-2004period.Satellite observationsmay bevalidated through spatially distributed soil moisture ground-truth data, collected over the whole <span class="hlt">basin</span> using the TDR technique and the gravimetric method, in days with available radar images. The results show that ASAR sensor observations can be successfully used for soil moisture mapping at different seasons, both wet and dry, but an accurate calibration with field data is necessary. We detect a strong relationship between the soil moisture spatial variability and the physiographic properties of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, such as soil water storage capacity</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JGR...104.3075R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JGR...104.3075R"><span>Deep inflow into the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Read, J. F.; Pollard, R. T.</p> <p>1999-02-01</p> <p>More than 200 conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) stations were worked around the Southwest Indian Ridge and Del Caño Rise as part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment. A selection of these data provides information about the inflow of bottom water into the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is closed below 3000 m, yet the inflow is significantly large, of order 1 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s-1). Estimates of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-scale upwelling at 4000 m suggest that the vertical velocity is also large, 10 × 10-5 cm s-1 or more, an order of magnitude greater than global ocean estimates. Examination of the characteristics of the bottom water in the Mozambique and Agulhas <span class="hlt">Basins</span> and the Prince Edward Fracture Zone shows that bottom water enters the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span> from the Agulhas <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and also directly from the Enderby <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Most of the transport enters the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span> via the Agulhas <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, where two regions of northward flow below 4000 m are found. The major flow, on the eastern flank of the Mozambique Ridge, is through and above the deep, extending (5900 m) trench that connects the Agulhas and Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basins</span>. The second, weaker flow enters the Transkei <span class="hlt">Basin</span> along the deep eastern flank of the Agulhas Plateau, then turning east into the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The only source of bottom water to the Agulhas <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is the Enderby <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, but a more direct route between the Enderby and Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basins</span> exists via the Prince Edward fracture, which extends deeper than 4000 m throughout its length and links the two <span class="hlt">basins</span> directly across the Southwest Indian Ridge. Full depth CTD stations trace the changing characteristics of the deep and bottom water in the fracture, and moored current meter data show the strength and persistence of the throughflow. Strong mixing with the overlying deep water elevates the salt content of the bottom water by comparison with the other water in the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Thus two distinct bottom waters of the Mozambique <span class="hlt">Basin</span> originate in the same place</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105757','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105757"><span>The subsurface geology of Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>: material examined during a simulated Mars drilling mission for the Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE).</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Martínez-Frías, Jesús; Schutt, John; Sutter, Brad; Heldmann, Jennifer L; Bell, Mary Sue; Battler, Melissa; Cannon, Howard; Gómez-Elvira, Javier; Stoker, Carol R</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>The 2005 Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) project conducted a simulated 1-month Mars drilling mission in the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> district, Spain. Dry robotic drilling, core sampling, and biological and geological analytical technologies were collectively tested for the first time for potential use on Mars. Drilling and subsurface sampling and analytical technologies are being explored for Mars because the subsurface is the most likely place to find life on Mars. The objectives of this work are to describe drilling, sampling, and analytical procedures; present the geological analysis of core and borehole material; and examine lessons learned from the drilling simulation. Drilling occurred at an undisclosed location, causing the science team to rely only on mission data for geological and biological interpretations. Core and borehole imaging was used for micromorphological analysis of rock, targeting rock for biological analysis, and making decisions regarding the next day's drilling operations. Drilling reached 606 cm depth into poorly consolidated gossan that allowed only 35% of core recovery and contributed to borehole wall failure during drilling. Core material containing any indication of biology was sampled and analyzed in more detail for its confirmation. Despite the poorly consolidated nature of the subsurface gossan, dry drilling was able to retrieve useful core material for geological and biological analysis. Lessons learned from this drilling simulation can guide the development of dry drilling and subsurface geological and biological analytical technologies for future Mars drilling missions.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_20 --> <div id="page_21" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="401"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8.1013P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8.1013P"><span>The Subsurface Geology of Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>: Material Examined During a Simulated Mars Drilling Mission for the Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Martínez-Frías, Jesús; Schutt, John; Sutter, Brad; Heldmann, Jennifer L.; Bell Johnson, Mary Sue; Battler, Melissa; Cannon, Howard; Gómez-Elvira, Javier; Stoker, Carol R.</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>The 2005 Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) project conducted a simulated 1-month Mars drilling mission in the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> district, Spain. Dry robotic drilling, core sampling, and biological and geological analytical technologies were collectively tested for the first time for potential use on Mars. Drilling and subsurface sampling and analytical technologies are being explored for Mars because the subsurface is the most likely place to find life on Mars. The objectives of this work are to describe drilling, sampling, and analytical procedures; present the geological analysis of core and borehole material; and examine lessons learned from the drilling simulation. Drilling occurred at an undis closed location, causing the science team to rely only on mission data for geological and biological interpretations. Core and borehole imaging was used for micromorphological analysis of rock, targeting rock for biological analysis, and making decisions regarding the next day's drilling operations. Drilling reached 606 cm depth into poorly consolidated gossan that allowed only 35% of core recovery and contributed to borehole wall failure during drilling. Core material containing any indication of biology was sampled and analyzed in more detail for its confirmation. Despite the poorly consolidated nature of the subsurface gossan, dry drilling was able to retrieve useful core material for geological and biological analysis. Lessons learned from this drilling simulation can guide the development of dry drilling and subsurface geological and biological analytical technologies for future Mars drilling missions.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SGeo...39..683D','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SGeo...39..683D"><span>Geostatistical Interplay Between Geophysical and Geochemical Data: Mapping Litho-Structural Assemblages of Mesozoic Igneous Activities in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (NE Brazil)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>de Castro, David L.; Oliveira, Diógenes C.; Hollanda, Maria Helena B. M.</p> <p>2018-07-01</p> <p>Two widespread magmatic events are recorded in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span> (NE Brazil) during the Jurassic/Cretaceous opening of the Central and South Atlantic Oceans. The Early Jurassic ( 200 Ma) lava flows of the Mosquito Formation occur essentially in the western and southern <span class="hlt">basin</span> segments, representing one of the largest expressions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in the South American Plate. In contrast, sill complexes and dike swarms of the Early Cretaceous (129-124 Ma) Sardinha Formation occur in the eastern part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and are chrono-correlated to the large Paraná-Etendeka igneous province and to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ceará-Mirim Dike Swarm. We gathered geophysical, well logging, outcrop analogs and geochemical data to recognize geometrical shapes and areal distribution patterns of igneous-related constructions. Seismic and well data reveal hundreds of km wide multilayered sill complexes and dikes, which are widespread across vast regions of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> without evident structural control from either the Precambrian basement grain or the <span class="hlt">basin</span> internal architecture. Anomaly enhancement techniques and self-organizing maps (SOM) procedure were applied on airborne magnetic data, unraveling near-surface magmatic features in four distinct magnetic domains. Using SOM analysis, the basaltic rocks were divided into six groups based on magnetic susceptibility and major elements composition. These results suggest common origin for both magmatic episodes, probably a combination of effects of edge-driven convection and large-scale mantle warming under the westward moving West Gondwana during the Central and South Atlantic opening, which caused a shifted emplacement to the east of the igneous rocks in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SGeo..tmp....9D','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SGeo..tmp....9D"><span>Geostatistical Interplay Between Geophysical and Geochemical Data: Mapping Litho-Structural Assemblages of Mesozoic Igneous Activities in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (NE Brazil)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>de Castro, David L.; Oliveira, Diógenes C.; Hollanda, Maria Helena B. M.</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>Two widespread magmatic events are recorded in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span> (NE Brazil) during the Jurassic/Cretaceous opening of the Central and South Atlantic Oceans. The Early Jurassic ( 200 Ma) lava flows of the Mosquito Formation occur essentially in the western and southern <span class="hlt">basin</span> segments, representing one of the largest expressions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in the South American Plate. In contrast, sill complexes and dike swarms of the Early Cretaceous (129-124 Ma) Sardinha Formation occur in the eastern part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and are chrono-correlated to the large Paraná-Etendeka igneous province and to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Ceará-Mirim Dike Swarm. We gathered geophysical, well logging, outcrop analogs and geochemical data to recognize geometrical shapes and areal distribution patterns of igneous-related constructions. Seismic and well data reveal hundreds of km wide multilayered sill complexes and dikes, which are widespread across vast regions of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> without evident structural control from either the Precambrian basement grain or the <span class="hlt">basin</span> internal architecture. Anomaly enhancement techniques and self-organizing maps (SOM) procedure were applied on airborne magnetic data, unraveling near-surface magmatic features in four distinct magnetic domains. Using SOM analysis, the basaltic rocks were divided into six groups based on magnetic susceptibility and major elements composition. These results suggest common origin for both magmatic episodes, probably a combination of effects of edge-driven convection and large-scale mantle warming under the westward moving West Gondwana during the Central and South Atlantic opening, which caused a shifted emplacement to the east of the igneous rocks in the Parnaíba <span class="hlt">basin</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70058771','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70058771"><span><span class="hlt">Basins</span> in ARC-continental collisions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Draut, Amy E.; Clift, Peter D.; Busby, Cathy; Azor, Antonio</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Arc-continent collisions occur commonly in the plate-tectonic cycle and result in rapidly formed and rapidly collapsing orogens, often spanning just 5-15 My. Growth of continental masses through arc-continent collision is widely thought to be a major process governing the structural and geochemical evolution of the continental crust over geologic time. Collisions of intra-oceanic arcs with passive continental margins (a situation in which the arc, on the upper plate, faces the continent) involve a substantially different geometry than collisions of intra-oceanic arcs with active continental margins (a situation requiring more than one convergence zone and in which the arc, on the lower plate, backs into the continent), with variable preservation potential for <span class="hlt">basins</span> in each case. Substantial differences also occur between trench and forearc evolution in tectonically erosive versus tectonically accreting margins, both before and after collision. We examine the evolution of trenches, trench-slope <span class="hlt">basins</span>, forearc <span class="hlt">basins</span>, intra-arc <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and backarc <span class="hlt">basins</span> during arc-continent collision. The preservation potential of trench-slope <span class="hlt">basins</span> is low; in collision they are rapidly uplifted and eroded, and at erosive margins they are progressively destroyed by subduction erosion. Post-collisional preservation of trench sediment and trench-slope <span class="hlt">basins</span> is biased toward margins that were tectonically accreting for a substantial length of time before collision. Forearc <span class="hlt">basins</span> in erosive margins are usually floored by strong lithosphere and may survive collision with a passive margin, sometimes continuing sedimentation throughout collision and orogeny. The low flexural rigidity of intra-arc <span class="hlt">basins</span> makes them deep and, if preserved, potentially long records of arc and collisional tectonism. Backarc <span class="hlt">basins</span>, in contrast, are typically subducted and their sediment either lost or preserved only as fragments in melange sequences. A substantial proportion of the sediment derived from</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5118/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5118/"><span>Streamflow and water-quality trends of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, northern and central New Mexico, water years 1985 to 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Langman, Jeff B.; Nolan, Emma O.</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>The City of Albuquerque plans to divert San Juan-Chama Project water from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for potable water use. This report examines streamflow and water-quality trends in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande for water years 1985 to 2002 following the implementation of reservoir storage agreements in northern and central New Mexico. Streamflow/water-quality stations used for this study include the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande stations of Taos, Otowi, San Felipe, and Albuquerque and the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama station of Chamita. Water years 1985 to 2002 were a period of larger than average precipitation and streamflow compared to the stations. historical averages. Annual precipitation and streamflow trended downward during the study period because of a drought during 1999 to 2002. Streamflow in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande was divided into three distinct seasonal periods that corresponded to natural and anthropogenic influences: fall/winter baseflow (November through February), snowmelt runoff (March through June), and the irrigation/monsoon (July through October) seasons. A calcium bicarbonate water type was evident at all study area stations on the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. Specific conductance increased downstream, but alkalinity and pH did not substantially change in the downstream direction. Nearly all nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations were less than 1 milligram per liter for all stations. Median trace-element concentrations and maximum radionuclide concentrations did not exceed drinking-water standards. Anthropogenic compounds were infrequently detected in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, and concentrations did not exceed drinking-water standards. Water quality in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Chama and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande varied spatially and temporally during water years 1985 to 2002. Specific conductance increased downstream in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande during the fall/winter baseflow and snowmelt runoff seasons but was similar at the Taos, Otowi, and San Felipe stations during the irrigation/monsoon season. This similarity was a</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046763','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046763"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents estimated soil variables compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The variables included are cation exchange capacity, percent calcium carbonate, slope, water-table depth, soil thickness, hydrologic soil group, soil erodibility (k-factor), permeability, average water capacity, bulk density, percent organic material, percent clay, percent sand, and percent silt. The source data set is the State Soil ( STATSGO ) Geographic Database (Wolock, 1997). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986GeCoA..50.2847P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986GeCoA..50.2847P"><span>Mantle helium in Sacramento <span class="hlt">basin</span> natural gas wells</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Poreda, R. J.; Jenden, P. D.; Kaplan, I. R.; Craig, H.</p> <p>1986-12-01</p> <p>Helium isotope ratios in Sacramento <span class="hlt">basin</span> natural gas wells show a strong mantle signal. The3He/4He ratios range from 0.11 times the atmospheric ratio (0.11 RA) in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Vista field to 2.75 RA in the Moon Bend field, indicating that 1% to 34% of the helium is mantle-derived. 3He/4He versus CH4/4He ratios provide evidence of two-component mixing between crustal and magmatic end-members. Extrapolation of the linear regression line to CH4/4He = 0 gives a hypothetical magmatic end-member 3He/4He ratio of 3.84 RA, half the typical mantle ratio. This indicates that the magmatic end-member may actually represent a mixture of mantle and crustal helium. Gases which deviate from the simple two-component mixture can be explained by addition of pure methane, radiogenic 4He, or a high N2-He component with 3He/4He = 0.6 Ra to 1.0 RA. The CH4/3He ratio of the magmatic end-member remains poorly constrained (0 to 3 × 109) and one cannot rule out the possibility that a significant proportion of the methane in some fields may be of deep-earth origin. However, fields with the highest 3He/4He ratios are associated with buried Plio-Pleistocene intrusives which have up-arched sediments to form hydrocarbon traps. The methane in these fields may have been produced by rapid thermal alteration of the intruded sediment. Elsewhere, the methane appears either to have migrated from deeply-buried sediments in the western <span class="hlt">basin</span> or to have been produced by local microbial activity.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H13O..05P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.H13O..05P"><span>The use of subsurface thermal data, isotopic tracers and earthquake hypocenter locations to unravel deep regional flow systems within the crystalline basement beneath the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, New Mexico. (Invited)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Person, M. A.; Woolsey, E.; Pepin, J.; Crossey, L. J.; Karlstrom, K. E.; Phillips, F. M.; Kelley, S.; Timmons, S.</p> <p>2013-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift in New Mexico hosts a number of low-temperature geothermal systems as well as the 19 km deep Socorro Magma Body. The presence of a mantle helium anomaly measured at San Acacia spring (3He/4He = 0.295 RA) and in an adjacent shallow well (50m < ; 0.8 RA) overlying the Socorro Magma Body at the southern terminus of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> suggests that deeply sourced fluids mix with the sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> groundwater flow system. Temperatures recorded at the base of the San Acacia well is elevated (29 oC). Published estimates of uplift rates and heat flow suggest that the magma body was emplaced about 1-3 ka and reflects a long-lived (several Ma) magmatic system. Further south near the southern terminus of the Engle <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, much warmer temperatures (42 oC) occur at shallow depths within the spa district in the town of Truth or Consequences at shallow depths also suggesting deep-fluid circulation. 14C constrained apparent groundwater residence times in the spa district range between 6-10 ka. We have developed two 6-19 km deep crustal-scale, cross-sectional models that simulate subsurface fluid flow, heat and isotope (3He/4He) transport as well as groundwater residence times along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift. The North-South oriented model of the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span> incorporates a high-permeability conduit 100 m wide having hydrologic properties differing from surrounding crystalline basement units. We use these models to constrain the crustal permeability structure and fluid circulation patterns beneath the Albuquerque and Engle <span class="hlt">Basins</span>. Model results are compared to measurements of groundwater temperatures, residence times (14C), and 3He/4He data. We also use the distribution of earthquake hypocenters to constrain likely fault-crystalline basement hydraulic interactions in the seismogenic crust above the Socorro Magma Body. For the case of the southern Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, conduit permeability associated with the Indian Hill conduit/fault zone must range between</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4251/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4251/report.pdf"><span>Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, central New Mexico, 1901-1994, with projections to 2020</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Kernodle, J.M.; McAda, D.P.; Thorn, C.R.</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>This report describes a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which comprises the Santa Fe Group (late Oligocene to middle Pleistocene age) and overlying valley and <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill deposits (Pleistocene to Holocene age). The model is designed to be flexible and adaptive to new geologic and hydrologic information as it becomes available by using a geographic information system as a data-base manager to interface with the model. The aquifer system was defined and quantified in the model consistent with the current (July 1994) understanding of the structural and geohydrologic framework of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Rather than putting the model through a rigorous calibration process, dis- crepancies between simulated and measured responses in hydraulic head were taken to indicate that the understanding of a local part of the aquifer system was incomplete or incorrect. The model simulates ground-water flow over an area of about 2,400 square miles to a depth of 1,730 to about 2,020 feet below the water table with 244 rows, 178 columns, and 11 layers. Of the 477,752 cells in the model, 310,376 are active. The top four model layers approximate the 80-foot thickness of alluvium in the incised and refilled valley of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande to provide detail of the effect of ground-water withdrawals on the surface- water system. Away from the valley these four layers represent the interval within the Santa Fe Group aquifer system between the com- puted predevelopment water table and a level 80 feet below the grade of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande. The simulations include initial condi- tions (steady-state), the 1901-1994 historical period, and four possible ground-water withdrawal scenarios from 1994 to 2020. The model indicates that for the year ending in March 1994, net surface-water loss in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> resulting from the City of Albuquerque's ground-water withdrawal totaled about 53,000 acre- feet. The balance of the about 123</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996RvGeo..34...61P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996RvGeo..34...61P"><span><span class="hlt">Basin</span>-scale hydrogeologic modeling</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Person, Mark; Raffensperger, Jeff P.; Ge, Shemin; Garven, Grant</p> <p>1996-02-01</p> <p>Mathematical modeling of coupled groundwater flow, heat transfer, and chemical mass transport at the sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale has been increasingly used by Earth scientists studying a wide range of geologic processes including the formation of excess pore pressures, infiltration-driven metamorphism, heat flow anomalies, nuclear waste isolation, hydrothermal ore genesis, sediment diagenesis, <span class="hlt">basin</span> tectonics, and petroleum generation and migration. These models have provided important insights into the rates and pathways of groundwater migration through <span class="hlt">basins</span>, the relative importance of different driving mechanisms for fluid flow, and the nature of coupling between the hydraulic, thermal, chemical, and stress regimes. The mathematical descriptions of <span class="hlt">basin</span> transport processes, the analytical and numerical solution methods employed, and the application of modeling to sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> around the world are the subject of this review paper. The special considerations made to represent coupled transport processes at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale are emphasized. Future modeling efforts will probably utilize three-dimensional descriptions of transport processes, incorporate greater information regarding natural geological heterogeneity, further explore coupled processes, and involve greater field applications.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017IJEaS.106.2461M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017IJEaS.106.2461M"><span>Superposition of tectonic structures leading elongated intramontane <span class="hlt">basin</span>: the Alhabia <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Internal Zones, Betic Cordillera)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Martínez-Martos, Manuel; Galindo-Zaldivar, Jesús; Martínez-Moreno, Francisco José; Calvo-Rayo, Raquel; Sanz de Galdeano, Carlos</p> <p>2017-10-01</p> <p>The relief of the Betic Cordillera was formed since the late Serravallian inducing the development of intramontane <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The Alhabia <span class="hlt">basin</span>, situated in the central part of the Internal Zones, is located at the intersection of the Alpujarran Corridor, the Tabernas <span class="hlt">basin</span>, both trending E-W, and the NW-SE oriented Gádor-Almería <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The geometry of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> has been constrained by new gravity data. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is limited to the North by the Sierra de Filabres and Sierra Nevada antiforms that started to develop in Serravallian times under N-S shortening and to the south by Sierra Alhamilla and Sierra de Gádor antiforms. Plate convergence in the region rotated counter-clockwise in Tortonian times favouring the formation of E-W dextral faults. In this setting, NE-SW extension, orthogonal to the shortening direction, was accommodated by normal faults on the SW edge of Sierra Alhamilla. The Alhabia <span class="hlt">basin</span> shows a cross-shaped depocentre in the zone of synform and fault intersection. This field example serves to constrain recent counter-clockwise stress rotation during the latest stages of Neogene-Quaternary <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution in the Betic Cordillera Internal Zones and underlines the importance of studying the <span class="hlt">basins</span>' deep structure and its relation with the tectonic structures interactions.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-PIA12093.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-PIA12093.html"><span>Los Angeles <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2009-06-29</p> <p>The Los Angeles <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is bordered on the north by the San Gabriel Mountains. Other smaller <span class="hlt">basins</span> are separated by smaller mountain ranges, like the Verdugo Hills, and the Santa Monica Mountains in this image from NASA Terra spacecraft.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25714091','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25714091"><span>First 'Rauisuchian' archosaur (Pseudosuchia, Loricata) for the Middle Triassic Santacruzodon assemblage zone (Santa Maria Supersequence), <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lacerda, Marcel B; Schultz, Cesar L; Bertoni-Machado, Cristina</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The 'Rauisuchia' are a group of Triassic pseudosuchian archosaurs that displayed a near worldwide distribution. In Brazil, their fossils are found only in the Santa Maria Formation (Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>) of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State, specifically in the Middle Triassic Dinodontosaurus assemblage zone (AZ) and the Late Triassic Hyperodapedon AZ (Rauisuchus tiradentes). Between these two cenozones is the Santacruzodon AZ (Middle Triassic), whose record was, until now, restricted to non-mammalian cynodonts and the proterochampsian Chanaresuchus bonapartei. Here we present the first occurrence of a rauisuchian archosaur for this cenozone, from the Schoenstatt outcrop, located near the city of Santa Cruz do Sul and propose a new species, based on biostratigraphical evidence and a comparative osteological analysis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AGUFMGC13A0936C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AGUFMGC13A0936C"><span>Evaluation of soil sustainability along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande in West Texas: changes in salt loading and organic nutrients due to farming practices</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Cox, C. L.; Ganjegunte, G.; Borrok, D. M.; Lougheed, V.; Ma, L.; Jin, L.</p> <p>2011-12-01</p> <p>Growing populations demand an increase in the amount of food being produced, which in turn, puts pressure on the productivity and sustainability of soils. The use of flood irrigation from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, which contains high salinity, has greatly increased the sodicity and enhanced leaching of the nutrients in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. To evaluate soil health in this area, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, soil water, drainage water, and soils from four different sites were collected during the 2011 irrigation season. Sample sites include two pecan fields (Pecan1 and Pecan 2), one cotton field (Cotton), and one alfalfa field (Alfalfa). Each site was equipped with ECH2O-5TE sensors (Decagon Devices Inc., Pullman, WA) to measure soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity (EC), along with lysimeters at depths of 15, 30, and 60 cm to collect soil water samples. Soil solution, irrigation water and drainage water were analyzed for pH, EC (measure of salinity), major cation (Ca, Mg, Na and K) concentrations and soils were analyzed for sodium adsorption ratio (SAR, a measure of sodicity) using standard methods. Soil extraction data suggests that water-soluble cation concentrations increase with depth and are significantly higher in clay-rich soils than sandy ones. Na is the most dominant water-soluble cation with it's concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 5.6 cmolc kg-1. Among all crop types, Cotton soils have the highest amount of water-soluble cations. Preliminary data shows that in the Cotton, Pecan 1 and Pecan 2 sites, soil sodicity increases with depth and becomes greater than 13 mmols1/2 L-1/2 at 30 cm below ground surface, while Alfalfa soils are generally less sodic. Overall, Cotton soils had the highest sodicity, up to 19.2 mmols1/2 L-1/2, which is well above the tolerance level of this crop. Sodicity affects soil permeability, and coincides with areas of high clay content. These observations are in agreement with the facts that pecan orchards are more intensively irrigated and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.epa.gov/ceam/basins-technical-notes','PESTICIDES'); return false;" href="https://www.epa.gov/ceam/basins-technical-notes"><span><span class="hlt">BASINS</span> Technical Notes</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/search.htm">EPA Pesticide Factsheets</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>EPA has developed several technical notes that provide in depth information on a specific function in <span class="hlt">BASINS</span>. Technical notes can be used to answer questions users may have, or to provide additional information on the application of features in <span class="hlt">BASINS</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUSM.H53G..03V','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUSM.H53G..03V"><span>Institutions and Societal Impacts of Climate in the Lower Colorado and San Pedro <span class="hlt">Basins</span> of the U.S.-Mexico Border Region</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Varady, R. G.; Wilder, M.; Morehouse, B. J.; Garfin, G. M.</p> <p>2007-05-01</p> <p>The U.S. Southwest and Mexico border region feature two prominent river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, the Colorado and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, and ecologically important sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> such as the San Pedro. The area within which these transboundary <span class="hlt">basins</span> lie is characterized by overall aridity and high climatic variability over seasonal to decadal and longer time scales. Throughout human occupation, numerous and diverse strategies for buffering climate impacts have emerged. The most notable response has been an increasingly complex system of institutions and structures designed to buffer water scarcity. The Colorado River Compact, and the laws governing allocation of waters from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande River, together with the dams, hydropower generators, canals and other engineered features, represent two of the most complex systems. Drought nevertheless remains a looming specter across much of the binational border region. Institutional mechanisms for responding to drought range from awareness-raising and capacity-building efforts, to implementation of formal drought plans, to storing water to make up for deficits, and water conservation rules that become increasingly stringent as drought intensifies. A number of formal and informal binational institutions operate in the region. Some are venerable, like the century-old International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) and its Mexican counterpart the Comision Internacional de Limites y Agua (CILA). Others, like the Border Environment Cooperation Commission and the North American Development Bank, were created in the mid-1990s with the North American Free Trade Agreement. These institutions, both domestic and transnational, operate in a complex binational, bicultural environment with contrasting legal and administrative traditions. Under such constraints, they manage water resources and ecosystems and attempt to improve water and sanitation infrastructure in the context of deep and extended drought. But in spite of their efforts, society and natural habitat</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940011723','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19940011723"><span>Martian crater degradation by eolian processes: Analogy with the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cuarto Crater Field, Argentina</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Grant, J. A.; Schultz, P. H.</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>Numerous degraded and rimless craters occur across broad areas of the Martian surface that are mantled by thick, unconformable deposits. These regions include Arabia, Mesogaea, Electris, Tempe, the interior and surface to the northwest of Isidis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, southern Ismenius Lacus, and the polar layered terrains. Occurrence of the deposits and low regional thermal inertias indicate that at least some accumulated fine-grained sediment (effective particle diameters of 0.1-0.5 mm or coarse silt to medium sand) to a thickness of 100's to 1000's of meters. Most unconformable deposits experienced some eolian modification that may be recent in some locales. Despite the presence of these deposits, simple eolian deposition appears incapable of creating the numerous degraded and rimless craters occurring within their limits. Nevertheless, terrestrial analyses of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Cuario craters formed into loessoid deposits demonstrates that eolian redistribution of fine-grained sediment in and around craters produces degraded morphologies that are analogous to some found in mantled regions on Mars.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16075945','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16075945"><span>An assessment of water quality and microbial risk in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in the United States-Mexican border region.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ryu, Hodon; Alum, Absar; Alvarez, Maria; Mendoza, Jose; Abbaszadegan, Morteza</p> <p>2005-06-01</p> <p>Increased reliance of urban populations on <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water has necessitated an expanded microbial surveillance of the river to help identify and evaluate sources of human pathogens, which could pose a public health risk. The objectives of this study were to investigate microbial and chemical water quality in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water and to perform risk assessment analyses for Cryptosporidium. No oocysts in any of the ten-litre samples were detected. However, the limit of detection in the water samples ranged between 20 and 200 oocysts/100 L. The limits of detection obtained in this study would result in one to two orders of magnitude higher risk of infection for Cryptosporidium than the U.S.EPA annual acceptable risk level of 10(-4). The bacterial data showed the significance of animal farming and raw sewage as sources of fecal pollution. Male specific and somatic coliphages were detected in 52% (11/21) and 62% (24/39) of the samples, respectively. Somatic coliphages were greater by one order of magnitude, and were better correlated with total (r2 = 0.6801; p < or = 0.05) and fecal coliform bacteria (r2 = 0.7366; p < or = 0.05) than male specific coliphages. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) values ranged 2.58-5.59mg/L and 1.23-2.29 m(-1) (mg/I)(-1), respectively. Low SUVA values of raw water condition make it difficult to remove DOC during physical and chemical treatment processes. The microbial and chemical data provided from this study can help drinking water utilities to maintain balance between greater microbial inactivation and reduced disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1816304C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..1816304C"><span>Sim<span class="hlt">Basin</span>: serious gaming for integrated decision-making in the Magdalena-Cauca <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Craven, Joanne; Angarita, Hector; Corzo, Gerald</p> <p>2016-04-01</p> <p>The Magdalena-Cauca macrobasin covers 24% of the land area of Colombia, and provides more than half of the country's economic potential. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is also home a large proportion of Colombia's biodiversity. These conflicting demands have led to problems in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, including a dramatic fall in fish populations, additional flooding (such as the severe nationwide floods caused by the La Niña phenomenon in 2011), and habitat loss. It is generally believed that the solution to these conflicts is to manage the <span class="hlt">basin</span> in a more integrated way, and bridge the gaps between decision-makers in different sectors and scientists. To this end, inter-ministerial agreements are being formulated and a decision support system is being developed by The Nature Conservancy Colombia. To engage stakeholders in this process Sim<span class="hlt">Basin</span>, a "serious game", has been developed. It is intended to act as a catalyst for bringing stakeholders together, an illustration of the uncertainties, relationships and feedbacks in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and an accessible introduction to modelling and decision support for non-experts. During the game, groups of participants are led through a 30 year future development of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, during which they take decisions about the development of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and see the impacts on four different sectors: agriculture, hydropower, flood risk, and environment. These impacts are displayed through seven indicators, which players should try to maintain above critical thresholds. To communicate the effects of uncertainty and climate variability, players see the actual value of the indicator and also a band of possible values, so they can see if their decisions have actually reduced risk or if they just "got lucky". The game works as a layer on top of a WEAP water resources model of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, adapted from a <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide model already created, so the fictional game <span class="hlt">basin</span> is conceptually similar to the Magdalena-Cauca <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The game is freely available online, and new applications are being</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010EGUGA..12.9776C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010EGUGA..12.9776C"><span>Mechanics of forearc <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Cassola, Teodoro; Willett, Sean D.; Kopp, Heidrun</p> <p>2010-05-01</p> <p>In this study, the mechanics of forearc <span class="hlt">basins</span> will be the object of a numerical investigation to understand the relationships between wedge deformation and forearc <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation. The aim of this work is to gain an insight into the dynamics of the formation of the forearc <span class="hlt">basin</span>, in particular the mechanism of formation of accommodation space and the preservation of <span class="hlt">basin</span> stratigraphy. Our tool is a two-dimensional numerical model that includes the rheological properties of the rock, including effective internal friction angle, effective basal friction angle and thermally-dependent viscosity. We also simulate different sedimentation rates in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, to study the influence of underfilled and overfilled <span class="hlt">basin</span> conditions on wedge deformation. The stratigraphy of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> will also be studied, because in underfilled conditions the sediments are more likely to undergo tectonic deformation due to inner wedge deformation. We compare the numerical model with <span class="hlt">basins</span> along the Sunda-Java Trench. This margin shows a variety of structural-settings and <span class="hlt">basin</span> types including underfilled and overfilled <span class="hlt">basins</span> and different wedge geometries. We interpret and document these structural styles, using depth migrated seismic sections of the Sunda Trench, obtained in three surveys, GINCO (11/98 - 01/99), MERAMEX (16/09/04 - 7/10/04) and SINDBAD (9/10/06 - 9/11/06) and made available through the IFM-GEOMAR and the Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften and Rohstoffe (BGR). One important aspect of these margins that we observe is the presence of a dynamic backstop, characterized by older accreted material, that, although deformed during and after accretion, later becomes a stable part of the upper plate. We argue that, following critical wedge theory, it entered into the stable field of a wedge either by steepening or weakening of the underlying detachment. As a stable wedge, this older segment of the wedge acts as a mechanical backstop for the frontal deforming wedge. This dynamic</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_21 --> <div id="page_22" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="421"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-08-26/pdf/2013-20714.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-08-26/pdf/2013-20714.pdf"><span>78 FR 52783 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-08-26</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The meeting will be held.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-04-10/pdf/2012-8583.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-04-10/pdf/2012-8583.pdf"><span>77 FR 21584 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-04-10</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... Land Management (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The... <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Act (16 U.S.C...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-11-18/pdf/2013-27500.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-11-18/pdf/2013-27500.pdf"><span>78 FR 69127 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-11-18</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The meeting will be held.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-11-05/pdf/2012-26166.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-11-05/pdf/2012-26166.pdf"><span>77 FR 66479 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-11-05</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... Land Management (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The... INFORMATION: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Act (16 U.S...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-02-14/pdf/2012-3372.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-02-14/pdf/2012-3372.pdf"><span>77 FR 8275 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-02-14</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... Land Management (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The...: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Act (16 U.S.C...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-07-16/pdf/2012-17309.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-07-16/pdf/2012-17309.pdf"><span>77 FR 41798 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-07-16</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... Land Management (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The... INFORMATION: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was established in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Act (16 U.S...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046729','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046729"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments in Selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> of the Conterminous United States: Contact Time, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the average contact time, in units of days, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). Contact time, as described in Vitvar and others (2002), is defined as the baseflow residence time in the subsurface. The source data set was the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) 1-kilometer grid for the conterminous United States (D.M. Wolock, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2008). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) RF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046752','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046752"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: 30-Year Average Annual Precipitation, 1971-2000</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the 30-year (1971-2000) average annual precipitation in millimeters multiplied by 100 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data were the United States Average Monthly or Annual Minimum Precipitation, 1971 - 2000 raster data set produced by the PRISM Group at Oregon State University. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; J.W. Brakebill, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2008). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PIAHS.378...93K','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PIAHS.378...93K"><span>Isotopic composition and elemental concentrations in groundwater in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Namibia</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kgabi, Nnenesi A.; Atekwana, Eliot; Ithindi, Johanna; Uugwanga, Martha; Knoeller, Kay; Motsei, Lebogang; Mathuthu, Manny; Kalumbu, Gideon; Amwele, Hilma R.; Uusizi, Rian</p> <p>2018-05-01</p> <p>We assessed environmental tracers in groundwater in two contrasting <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Namibia; the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which is a predominantly dry area and the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which is prone to alternating floods and droughts. We aimed to determine why the quality of groundwater was different in these two <span class="hlt">basins</span> which occur in an arid environment. We analysed groundwater and surface water for the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) by cavity ring-down spectroscopy and metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The δ2H and δ18O of surface water in the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span> plot on an evaporation trend below the global meteoric water line (GMWL) and the local meteoric water line (LMWL). The δ2H and δ18O of some groundwater samples in the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span> also plot on the evaporation trend, indicating recharge by evaporated rain or evaporated surface water. In contrast, the δ2H and δ18O of groundwater samples in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span> plot mostly along the GMWL and the LMWL, indicating direct recharge from unevaporated rain or unevaporated surface water. Fifty percent of groundwater samples in the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span> was potable (salinity < 1 ppt) compared to 79 % in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The high salinity in the groundwater of the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span> does not appear to be caused by evaporation of water (evapo-concentration) on surface prior to groundwater recharge, but rather by the weathering of the Kalahari sediments. The low salinity in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span> derives from rapid recharge of groundwater by unevaporated rain and limited weathering of the crystalline rocks. The order of abundance of cations in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is Na > K > Ca > Mg vs. Na > Mg > Ca > K for the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. For metals in the Kuiseb <span class="hlt">Basin</span> the order of abundance is Fe > Al > V > As > Zn vs. Al > Fe > V> As > Zn for the Cuvelai-Etosha <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The relative abundance of cations and metals are attributed to the differences in geology of the <span class="hlt">basins</span> and the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1024417.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1024417.pdf"><span>Postsecondary Educational Experiences of Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Duquette, Cheryll; Orders, Shari</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The postsecondary experiences of adults diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) were examined in this qualitative research. <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>'s Student Integration Model (SIM) (1975, 1997) provided the theoretical framework that guided the study. <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> posits that the interplay of background characteristics, academic integration, and social…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0098.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0098.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core stage aboard the barge Pegasus. Precast concrete poles are being driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the increased weight of the core stage along with ground support and transportation equipment aboard the modified barge Pegasus. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.T51E2957Z','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.T51E2957Z"><span>Large Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> groups outside of the Songliao <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Meso-Senozoic Tectonic-sediment evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Zheng, M.; Wu, X.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The basis geological problem is still the bottleneck of the exploration work of the lager Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> groups. In general terms, the problems are including the prototype <span class="hlt">basins</span> and <span class="hlt">basin</span> forming mechanism of two aspects. In this paper, using the field geological survey and investigation, logging data analysis, seismic data interpretation technical means large Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> groups and <span class="hlt">basin</span> forming mechanism of the prototype are discussed. Main draw the following conclusions: 1. Sanjiang region group-level formation can be completely contrasted. 2. Tension faults, compressive faults, shear structure composition and structure combination of four kinds of compound fracture are mainly developed In the study area. The direction of their distribution can be divided into SN, EW, NNE, NEE, NNW, NWW to other groups of fracture. 3. Large Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> has the SN and the EW two main directions of tectonic evolution. Cenozoic <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Sanjiang region in group formation located the two tectonic domains of ancient Paleo-Asian Ocean and the Pacific Interchange. 4. Large Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> has experienced in the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of two-stage and nine times. The first stage, developmental stage basement, they are ① Since the Mesozoic era and before the Jurassic; ② Early Jurassic period; The second stage, cap stage of development, they are ③ Late Jurassic depression developmental stages of compression; ④ Early Cretaceous rifting stage; ⑤ depression in mid-Early Cretaceous period; ⑥ tensile Early Cretaceous rifting stage; ⑦ inversion of Late Cretaceous tectonic compression stage; ⑧ Paleogene - Neogene; ⑨ After recently Ji Baoquan Sedimentary Ridge. 5. Large Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> group is actually a residual <span class="hlt">basin</span> structure, and Can be divided into left - superimposed (Founder, Tangyuan depression, Hulin <span class="hlt">Basin</span>), residual - inherited type (Sanjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span>), residual - reformed (Jixi, Boli, Hegang <span class="hlt">basin</span>). there are two developed depression and the mechanism</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19940016284&hterms=bouguer&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D20%26Ntt%3Dbouguer','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19940016284&hterms=bouguer&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D20%26Ntt%3Dbouguer"><span>Chicxulub impact <span class="hlt">basin</span>: Gravity characteristics and implications for <span class="hlt">basin</span> morphology and deep structure</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Sharpton, Virgil L.; Burke, Kevin; Hall, Stuart A.; Lee, Scott; Marin, Luis E.; Suarez, Gerardo; Quezada-Muneton, Juan Manuel; Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>The K-T-aged Chicxulub Impact Structure is buried beneath the Tertiary carbonate rocks of the Northern Yucatan Platform. Consequently its morphology and structure are poorly understood. Reprocessed Bouguer (onshore) and Free Air (offshore) gravity data over Northern Yucatan reveal that Chicxulub may be a 200-km-diameter multi-ring impact <span class="hlt">basin</span> with at least three concentric <span class="hlt">basin</span> rings. The positions of these rings follow the square root of 2 spacing rule derived empirically from analysis of multi-ring <span class="hlt">basins</span> on other planets indicating that these rings probably correspond to now-buried topographic <span class="hlt">basin</span> rings. A forward model of the gravity data along a radial transect from the southwest margin of the structure indicates that the Chicxulub gravity signature is compatible with this interpretation. We estimate the <span class="hlt">basin</span> rim diameter to be 204 +/- 16 km and the central peak ring diameter (D) is 104 +/- 6 km.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-96/issue-47/in-this-issue/general-interest/basin-centered-gas-evaluated-in-dnieper-donets-basin-donbas-foldbelt-ukraine.html','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-96/issue-47/in-this-issue/general-interest/basin-centered-gas-evaluated-in-dnieper-donets-basin-donbas-foldbelt-ukraine.html"><span><span class="hlt">Basin</span>-centered gas evaluated in Dnieper-Donets <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Donbas foldbelt, Ukraine</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Law, B.E.; Ulmishek, G.F.; Clayton, J.L.; Kabyshev, B.P.; Pashova, N.T.; Krivosheya, V.A.</p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>An evaluation of thermal maturity, pore pressures, source rocks, reservoir quality, present-day temperatures, and fluid recovery data indicates the presence of a large <span class="hlt">basin</span>-centered gas accumulation in the Dnieper-Donets <span class="hlt">basin</span> (DDB) and Donbas foldbelt (DF) of eastern Ukraine (Fig. 1).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000PhDT.......170B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000PhDT.......170B"><span>Mechanisms of intracratonic and rift <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation: Insights from Canning <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, northwest Australia</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Bender, Andre Adriano</p> <p>2000-10-01</p> <p>The Canning <span class="hlt">basin</span> was investigated in order to determine the mechanisms responsible for its initiation and development. The basement morphology, determined using magnetic and gravity inversion techniques, was used to map the distribution, amplitude and subsidence history of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The sag development of the Canning <span class="hlt">basin</span> is hypothesized to be a consequence of a major late Proterozoic thermal event that induced broad-scale uplift, extrusion of tholeiitic basalt, and substantial crustal erosion. The development of the Canning <span class="hlt">basin</span> is consistent with removal of up to 11 km of crustal rocks, followed by isostatic re-adjustment during the cooling of the lithosphere. Earlier models that employed both lower crustal metamorphism and erosion are considered inappropriate mechanisms for intracratonic <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation because this work has shown that their effects are mutually exclusive. The time scale for the metamorphic-related subsidence is typically short (<10 m.y.) and the maximum subsidence is small (<4 km) compared to the long subsidence (ca. 200 m.y.) and maximum depths (6--7 km) recorded in the Canning <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Observed amplitudes and rates of basement subsidence are compatible with a thermal anomaly that began to dissipate in the early Cambrian and lasted until the Permian. Punctuating the long-lived intracratonic <span class="hlt">basin</span> subsidence is a series of extensional pulses that in Silurian to Carboniferous/Permian time led to the development of several prominent normal faults in the northeastern portion of the Canning <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Fitzroy graben). Stratigraphic and structural data and section-balancing techniques have helped to elucidate the geometry and evolution of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding fault of the Fitzroy graben. The fault is listric, with a dip that decreases from approximately 50° at the surface to 20° at a depth of 20 km, and with an estimated horizontal offset of 32--41 km. The southern margin of the Fitzroy graben was tilted, truncated, and onlapped from the south</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19770017803','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19770017803"><span>Origin of the earth's ocean <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Frex, H.</p> <p>1977-01-01</p> <p>The earth's original ocean <span class="hlt">basins</span> were mare-type <span class="hlt">basins</span> produced 4 billion years ago by the flux of asteroid-sized objects responsible for the lunar mare <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Scaling upwards from the observed number of lunar <span class="hlt">basins</span> for the greater capture cross-section and impact velocity of the Earth indicates that at least 50 percent of an original global crust would have been converted to <span class="hlt">basin</span> topography. These <span class="hlt">basins</span> were flooded by basaltic liquids in times short compared to the isostatic adjustment time for the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The modern crustal dichotomy (60 percent oceanic, 40 percent continental crust) was established early in the history of the earth, making possible the later onset of plate tectonic processes. These later processes have subsequently reworked, in several cycles, principally the oceanic parts of the earth's crust, changing the configuration of the continents in the process. Ocean <span class="hlt">basins</span> (and oceans themselves) may be rare occurrences on planets in other star systems.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70014463','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70014463"><span>Midplate seismicity exterior to former rift-<span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Dewey, J.W.</p> <p>1988-01-01</p> <p>Midplate seismicity associated with some former rift-zones is distributed diffusely near, but exterior to, the rift <span class="hlt">basins</span>. This "<span class="hlt">basin</span>-exterior' seismicity cannot be attributed to reactivation of major <span class="hlt">basin</span>-border faults on which uppercrustal extension was concentrated at the time of rifting, because the border faults dip beneath the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. The seismicity may nonetheless represent reactivation of minor faults that were active at the time of rifting but that were located outside of the principal zones of upper-crustal extension; the occurrence of <span class="hlt">basin</span>-exterior seismicity in some present-day rift-zones supports the existence of such minor <span class="hlt">basin</span>-exterior faults. Other hypotheses for seismicity exterior to former rift-<span class="hlt">basins</span> are that the seismicity reflects lobes of high stress due to lithospheric-bending that is centered on the axis of the rift, that the seismicity is localized on the exteriors of rift-<span class="hlt">basins</span> by <span class="hlt">basin</span>-interiors that are less deformable in the current epoch than the <span class="hlt">basin</span> exteriors, and that seismicity is localized on the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-exteriors by the concentration of tectonic stress in the highly elastic <span class="hlt">basin</span>-exterior upper-crust. -from Author</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.S33A2745C','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.S33A2745C"><span>Seismic Characterization of the Jakarta <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Cipta, A.; Saygin, E.; Cummins, P. R.; Masturyono, M.; Rudyanto, A.; Irsyam, M.</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>Jakarta, Indonesia, is home to more than 10 million people. Many of these people live in seismically non-resilient structures in an area that historical records suggest is prone to earthquake shaking. The city lies in a sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> composed of Quaternary alluvium that experiences rapid subsidence (26 cm/year) due to groundwater extraction. Forecasts of how much subsidence may occur in the future are dependent on the thickness of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. However, <span class="hlt">basin</span> geometry and sediment thickness are poorly known. In term of seismic hazard, thick loose sediment can lead to high amplification of seismic waves, of the kind that led to widespread damage in Mexico city during the Michoacan Earthquake of 1985. In order to characterize <span class="hlt">basin</span> structure, a temporary seismograph deployment was undertaken in Jakarta in Oct 2013- Jan 2014. A total of 96 seismic instrument were deployed throughout Jakarta were deployed throughout Jakarta at 3-5 km spacing. Ambient noise tomography was applied to obtain models of the subsurface velocity structure. Important key, low velocity anomalies at short period (<8s) correspond to the main sedimentary sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> thought to be present based on geological interpretations of shallow stratigraphy in the Jakarta <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The result shows that at a depth of 300 m, shear-wave velocity in the northern part (600 m/s) of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> is lower than that in the southern part. The most prominent low velocity structure appears in the northwest of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, down to a depth of 800 m, with velocity as low as 1200 m/s. This very low velocity indicates the thickness of sediment and the variability of <span class="hlt">basin</span> geometry. Waveform computation using SPECFEM2D shows that amplification due to <span class="hlt">basin</span> geometry occurs at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> edge and the thick sediment leads to amplification at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> center. Computation also shows the longer shaking duration occurrs at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> edge and center of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The nest step will be validating the <span class="hlt">basin</span> model using earthquake events</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..921S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AsBio...8..921S"><span>The 2005 MARTE Robotic Drilling Experiment in Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain: Objectives, Approach, and Results of a Simulated Mission to Search for Life in the Martian Subsurface</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Stoker, Carol R.; Cannon, Howard N.; Dunagan, Stephen E.; Lemke, Lawrence G.; Glass, Brian J.; Miller, David; Gomez-Elvira, Javier; Davis, Kiel; Zavaleta, Jhony; Winterholler, Alois; Roman, Matt; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio; Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; Bell, Mary Sue; Brown, Adrian; Battler, Melissa; Chen, Bin; Cooper, George; Davidson, Mark; Fernández-Remolar, David; Gonzales-Pastor, Eduardo; Heldmann, Jennifer L.; Martínez-Frías, Jesus; Parro, Victor; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Sutter, Brad; Schuerger, Andrew C.; Schutt, John; Rull, Fernando</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>The Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) simulated a robotic drilling mission to search for subsurface life on Mars. The drill site was on Peña de Hierro near the headwaters of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> river (southwest Spain), on a deposit that includes massive sulfides and their gossanized remains that resemble some iron and sulfur minerals found on Mars. The mission used a fluidless, 10-axis, autonomous coring drill mounted on a simulated lander. Cores were faced; then instruments collected color wide-angle context images, color microscopic images, visible near infrared point spectra, and (lower resolution) visible-near infrared hyperspectral images. Cores were then stored for further processing or ejected. A borehole inspection system collected panoramic imaging and Raman spectra of borehole walls. Life detection was performed on full cores with an adenosine triphosphate luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay and on crushed core sections with SOLID2, an antibody array-based instrument. Two remotely located science teams analyzed the remote sensing data and chose subsample locations. In 30 days of operation, the drill penetrated to 6 m and collected 21 cores. Biosignatures were detected in 12 of 15 samples analyzed by SOLID2. Science teams correctly interpreted the nature of the deposits drilled as compared to the ground truth. This experiment shows that drilling to search for subsurface life on Mars is technically feasible and scientifically rewarding.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19032053','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19032053"><span>The 2005 MARTE Robotic Drilling Experiment in Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, Spain: objectives, approach, and results of a simulated mission to search for life in the Martian subsurface.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Stoker, Carol R; Cannon, Howard N; Dunagan, Stephen E; Lemke, Lawrence G; Glass, Brian J; Miller, David; Gomez-Elvira, Javier; Davis, Kiel; Zavaleta, Jhony; Winterholler, Alois; Roman, Matt; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio; Bonaccorsi, Rosalba; Bell, Mary Sue; Brown, Adrian; Battler, Melissa; Chen, Bin; Cooper, George; Davidson, Mark; Fernández-Remolar, David; Gonzales-Pastor, Eduardo; Heldmann, Jennifer L; Martínez-Frías, Jesus; Parro, Victor; Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga; Sutter, Brad; Schuerger, Andrew C; Schutt, John; Rull, Fernando</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>The Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) simulated a robotic drilling mission to search for subsurface life on Mars. The drill site was on Peña de Hierro near the headwaters of the Río <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> river (southwest Spain), on a deposit that includes massive sulfides and their gossanized remains that resemble some iron and sulfur minerals found on Mars. The mission used a fluidless, 10-axis, autonomous coring drill mounted on a simulated lander. Cores were faced; then instruments collected color wide-angle context images, color microscopic images, visible-near infrared point spectra, and (lower resolution) visible-near infrared hyperspectral images. Cores were then stored for further processing or ejected. A borehole inspection system collected panoramic imaging and Raman spectra of borehole walls. Life detection was performed on full cores with an adenosine triphosphate luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay and on crushed core sections with SOLID2, an antibody array-based instrument. Two remotely located science teams analyzed the remote sensing data and chose subsample locations. In 30 days of operation, the drill penetrated to 6 m and collected 21 cores. Biosignatures were detected in 12 of 15 samples analyzed by SOLID2. Science teams correctly interpreted the nature of the deposits drilled as compared to the ground truth. This experiment shows that drilling to search for subsurface life on Mars is technically feasible and scientifically rewarding.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_22 --> <div id="page_23" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="441"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JGeo...65..308Y','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JGeo...65..308Y"><span>An intramontane pull-apart <span class="hlt">basin</span> in tectonic escape deformation: Elbistan <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Eastern Taurides, Turkey</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yusufoğlu, H.</p> <p>2013-04-01</p> <p>The Elbistan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> in the east-Central Anatolia is an intramontane structural depression in the interior part of the Anatolide-Tauride Platform. The Neogene fill in and around Elbistan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> develops above the Upper Devonian to lower Tertiary basement and comprises two units separated by an angular unconformity: (1) intensely folded and faulted Miocene shallow marine to terrestrial and lacustrine sediments and (2) nearly flat-lying lignite-bearing lacustrine (lower unit) and fluvial (upper unit) deposits of Plio-Quaternary Ahmetçik Formation. The former is composed of Lower-Middle Miocene Salyan, Middle-upper Middle Miocene Gövdelidağ and Upper Miocene Karamağara formations whereas the latter one is the infill of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> itself in the present configuration of the Elbistan <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is bound by normal faults with a minor strike-slip component. It commenced as an intramontane pull-apart <span class="hlt">basin</span> and developed as a natural response to Early Pliocene tectonic escape-related strike-slip faulting subsequent to post-collisional intracontinental compressional tectonics during which Miocene sediments were intensely deformed. The Early Pliocene time therefore marks a dramatic changeover in tectonic regime and is interpreted as the beginning of the ongoing last tectonic evolution and deformation style in the region unlike to previous views that it commenced before that time. Consequently, the Elbistan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is a unique structural depression that equates the extensional strike-slip regime in east-Central Anatolia throughout the context of the neotectonical framework of Turkey across progressive collision of Arabia with Eurasia. Its Pliocene and younger history differs from and contrasts with that of the surrounding pre-Pliocene <span class="hlt">basins</span> such as Karamağara <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, on which it has been structurally superimposed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.T51C2940S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.T51C2940S"><span>Active intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faulting in the Northern <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of Lake Malawi from seismic reflection data</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Shillington, D. J.; Chindandali, P. R. N.; Scholz, C. A.; Ebinger, C. J.; Onyango, E. A.; Peterson, K.; Gaherty, J. B.; Nyblade, A.; Accardo, N. J.; McCartney, T.; Oliva, S. J.; Kamihanda, G.; Ferdinand, R.; Salima, J.; Mruma, A. H.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Many questions remain about the development and evolution of fault systems in weakly extended rifts, including the relative roles of border faults and intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faults, and segmentation at various scales. The northern Lake Malawi (Nyasa) rift in the East African Rift System is an early stage rift exhibiting pronounced tectonic segmentation, which is defined by 100-km-long border faults. The <span class="hlt">basins</span> also contain a series of intrabasinal faults and associated synrift sediments. The occurrence of the 2009 Karonga Earthquake Sequence on one of these intrabasinal faults indicates that some of them are active. Here we present new multichannel seismic reflection data from the Northern <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of the Malawi Rift collected in 2015 as a part of the SEGMeNT (Study of Extension and maGmatism in Malawi aNd Tanzania) project. This rift <span class="hlt">basin</span> is bound on its east side by the west-dipping Livingstone border fault. Over 650 km of seismic reflection profiles were acquired in the Northern <span class="hlt">Basin</span> using a 500 to 1540 cu in air gun array and a 1200- to 1500-m seismic streamer. Dip lines image a series of north-south oriented west-dipping intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faults and basement reflections up to 5 s twtt near the border fault. Cumulative offsets on intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faults decrease to the west. The largest intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> fault has a vertical displacement of >2 s two-way travel time, indicating that it has accommodated significant total extension. Some of these intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faults offset the lake bottom and the youngest sediments by up to 50 s twtt ( 37 m), demonstrating they are still active. The two largest intra-<span class="hlt">basin</span> faults exhibit the largest offsets of young sediments and also correspond to the area of highest seismicity based on analysis of seismic data from the 89-station SEGMeNT onshore/offshore network (see Peterson et al, this session). Fault patterns in MCS profiles vary along the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, suggesting a smaller scale of segmentation of faults within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>; these variations in fault patterns</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998IJEaS..86..819L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998IJEaS..86..819L"><span><span class="hlt">Basin</span> fill evolution and paleotectonic patterns along the Samfrau geosyncline: the Sauce Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>-Ventana foldbelt (Argentina) and Karoo <span class="hlt">basin</span>-Cape foldbelt (South Africa) revisited</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>López-Gamundí, O. R.; Rossello, E. A.</p> <p></p> <p>As integral parts of du Toit's (1927) ``Samfrau Geosyncline'', the Sauce Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>-Ventana foldbelt (Argentina) and Karoo <span class="hlt">basin</span>-Cape foldbelt (South Africa) share similar paleoclimatic, paleogeographic, and paleotectonic aspects related to the Late Paleozoic tectono-magmatic activity along the Panthalassan continental margin of Gondwanaland. Late Carboniferou-earliest Permian glacial deposits were deposited in the Sauce Grande (Sauce Grande Formation) and Karoo (Dwyka Formation) <span class="hlt">basins</span> and Falkland-Malvinas Islands (Lafonia Formation) during an initial (sag) phase of extension. The pre-breakup position of the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands on the easternmost part of the Karoo <span class="hlt">basin</span> (immediately east of the coast of South Africa) is supported by recent paleomagnetic data, lithofacies associations, paleoice flow directions and age similarities between the Dwyka and the Lafonia glacial sequences. The desintegration of the Gondwanan Ice Sheet (GIS) triggered widespread transgressions, reflected in the stratigraphic record by the presence of inter-<span class="hlt">basinally</span> correlatable, open marine, fine-grained deposits (Piedra Azul Formation in the Sauce Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Prince Albert Formation in the Karoo <span class="hlt">basin</span> and Port Sussex Formation in the Falkland Islands) capping glacial marine sediments. These early postglacial transgressive deposits, characterised by fossils of the Eurydesma fauna and Glossopteris flora, represent the maximum flooding of the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Cratonward foreland subsidence was triggered by the San Rafael orogeny (ca. 270 Ma) in Argentina and propogated along the Gondwanan margin. This subsidence phase generated sufficient space to accommodate thick synorogenic sequences derived from the orogenic flanks of the Sauce Grande and Karoo <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Compositionally, the initial extensional phase of these <span class="hlt">basins</span> was characterized by quartz-rich, craton-derived detritus and was followed by a compressional (foreland) phase characterized by a paleocurrent reversal and dominance of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70023023','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70023023"><span>Effect of <span class="hlt">basin</span> physical characteristics on solute fluxes in nine alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span>, Colorado, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Sueker, J.K.; Clow, D.W.; Ryan, J.N.; Jarrett, R.D.</p> <p>2001-01-01</p> <p>Alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span> may exhibit substantial variability in solute fluxes despite many apparent similarities in <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics. An evaluation of controls on spatial patterns in solute fluxes may allow development of predictive tools for assessing <span class="hlt">basin</span> sensitivity to outside perturbations such as climate change or deposition of atmospheric pollutants. Relationships between <span class="hlt">basin</span> physical characteristics, determined from geographical information system (GIS) tools, and solute fluxes and mineral weathering rates were explored for nine alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, using correlation analyses for 1993 and 1994 data. Stream-water nitrate fluxes were correlated positively with <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics associated with the talus environment; i.e., the fractional amounts of steep slopes (??? 30??), unvegetated terrain and young debris (primarily Holocene till) in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and were correlated negatively with fractional amounts of subalpine meadow terrain. Correlations with nitrate indicate the importance of the talus environment in promoting nitrate flux and the mitigating effect of areas with established vegetation, such as subalpine meadows. Total mineral weathering rates for the <span class="hlt">basins</span> ranged from about 300 to 600 mol ha-1 year -1. Oligoclase weathering accounted for 30 to 73% of the total mineral weathering flux, and was positively correlated with the amount of old debris (primarily Pleistocene glacial till) in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Although calcite is found in trace amounts in bedrock, calcite weathering accounted for up to 44% of the total mineral weathering flux. Calcite was strongly correlated with steep slope, unvegetated terrain, and young debris-probably because physical weathering in steep-gradient areas exposes fresh mineral surfaces that contain calcite for chemical weathering. Oligoclase and calcite weathering are the dominant sources of alkalinity in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. However, atmospherically deposited acids consume much of the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001HyPr...15.2749S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001HyPr...15.2749S"><span>Effect of <span class="hlt">basin</span> physical characteristics on solute fluxes in nine alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span>, Colorado, USA</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sueker, Julie K.; Clow, David W.; Ryan, Joseph N.; Jarrett, Robert D.</p> <p>2001-10-01</p> <p>Alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span> may exhibit substantial variability in solute fluxes despite many apparent similarities in <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics. An evaluation of controls on spatial patterns in solute fluxes may allow development of predictive tools for assessing <span class="hlt">basin</span> sensitivity to outside perturbations such as climate change or deposition of atmospheric pollutants. Relationships between <span class="hlt">basin</span> physical characteristics, determined from geographical information system (GIS) tools, and solute fluxes and mineral weathering rates were explored for nine alpine/subalpine <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, using correlation analyses for 1993 and 1994 data. Stream-water nitrate fluxes were correlated positively with <span class="hlt">basin</span> characteristics associated with the talus environment; i.e., the fractional amounts of steep slopes ( 30°), unvegetated terrain and young debris (primarily Holocene till) in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and were correlated negatively with fractional amounts of subalpine meadow terrain. Correlations with nitrate indicate the importance of the talus environment in promoting nitrate flux and the mitigating effect of areas with established vegetation, such as subalpine meadows. Total mineral weathering rates for the <span class="hlt">basins</span> ranged from about 300 to 600 mol ha-1 year-1. Oligoclase weathering accounted for 30 to 73% of the total mineral weathering flux, and was positively correlated with the amount of old debris (primarily Pleistocene glacial till) in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Although calcite is found in trace amounts in bedrock, calcite weathering accounted for up to 44% of the total mineral weathering flux. Calcite was strongly correlated with steep slope, unvegetated terrain, and young debris - probably because physical weathering in steep-gradient areas exposes fresh mineral surfaces that contain calcite for chemical weathering. Oligoclase and calcite weathering are the dominant sources of alkalinity in the <span class="hlt">basins</span>. However, atmospherically deposited acids consume much of the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046783','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046783"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: 30-Year Average Daily Minimum Temperature, 1971-2000</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents thecatchment-average for the 30-year (1971-2000) average daily minimum temperature in Celsius multiplied by 100 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data were the United States Average Monthly or Annual Minimum Temperature, 1971 - 2000 raster data set produced by the PRISM Group at Oregon State University. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046694','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70046694"><span>Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> in the Conterminous United States: Average Atmospheric (Wet) Deposition of Inorganic Nitrogen, 2002</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Wieczorek, Michael; LaMotte, Andrew E.</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>This tabular data set represents the average atmospheric (wet) deposition, in kilograms per square kilometer, of inorganic nitrogen for the year 2002 compiled for every catchment for MRB_E2RF1 of Major River <span class="hlt">Basins</span> (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set for wet deposition was from the USGS's raster data set atmospheric (wet) deposition of inorganic nitrogen for 2002 (Gronberg, 2005). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every catchment of MRB_E2RF1 catchments for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Colorado, and the Great <span class="hlt">basin</span> (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river <span class="hlt">basins</span>, and California (MRB8).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0052.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0052.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core stage aboard the barge Pegasus. A crane will be used to lift up precast concrete poles and position them to be driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the 300,000-pound core booster aboard the modified Pegasus barge. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1193/','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1193/"><span>2007 Rocky Mountain Section Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip - Quaternary Geology of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of Colorado and New Mexico, September 7-9, 2007</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Machette, Michael N.; Coates, Mary-Margaret; Johnson, Margo L.</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>Prologue Welcome to the 2007 Rocky Mountain Cell Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip, which will concentrate on the Quaternary geology of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span> of Colorado and New Mexico. To our best knowledge, Friends of the Pleistocene (FOP) has never run a trip through the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, although former trips in the region reviewed the 'Northern <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift' in 1987 and the 'Landscape History and Processes on the Pajarito Plateau' in 1996. After nearly a decade, the FOP has returned to the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, but to an area that has rarely hosted a trip with a Quaternary focus. The objective of FOP trips is to review - in the field - new and exciting research on Quaternary geoscience, typically research being conducted by graduate students. In our case, the research is more topically oriented around three areas of the San Luis <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, and it is being conducted by a wide range of Federal, State, academic, and consulting geologists. This year's trip is ambitious?we will spend our first day mainly on the Holocene record around Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, the second day on the Quaternary stratigraphy around the San Luis Hills, including evidence for Lake Alamosa and the 1.0 Ma Mesita volcano, and wrap up the trip's third day in the Costilla Plain and Sunshine Valley reviewing alluvial stratigraphy, the history of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, and evidence for young movement on the Sangre de Cristo fault zone. In the tradition of FOP trips, we will be camping along the field trip route for this meeting. On the night before our trip, we will be at the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve's Pinyon Flats Campground, a group facility located about 2 miles north of the Visitors Center. After the first day's trip, we will dine and camp in the Bachus pit, about 3 miles southwest of Alamosa. For the final night (after day 2), we will bed down at La Junta Campground at the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Wild and Scenic Rivers State Recreation Area, west of Questa</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AGUFM.H43D0515A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AGUFM.H43D0515A"><span>Abundance and Morphological Effects of Large Woody Debris in Forested <span class="hlt">Basins</span> of Southern Andes</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Andreoli, A.; Comiti, F.; Lenzi, M. A.</p> <p>2006-12-01</p> <p>The Southern Andes mountain range represents an ideal location for studying large woody debris (LWD) in streams draining forested <span class="hlt">basins</span> thanks to the presence of both pristine and managed woodland, and to the general low level of human alteration of stream corridors. However, no published investigations have been performed so far in such a large region. The investigated sites of this research are three <span class="hlt">basins</span> (9-13 km2 drainage area, third-order channels) covered by Nothofagus forests: two of them are located in the Southern Chilean Andes (the Tres Arroyos in the Malalcahuello National Reserve and the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Toro within the Malleco Natural Reserve) and one <span class="hlt">basin</span> lies in the Argentinean Tierra del Fuego (the Buena Esperanza <span class="hlt">basin</span>, near the city of Ushuaia). Measured LWD were all wood pieces larger than 10 cm in diameter and 1 m in length, both in the active channel and in the adjacent active floodplain. Pieces forming log jams were all measured and the geometrical dimensions of jams were taken. Jam type was defined based on Abbe and Montgomery (2003) classification. Sediment stored behind log-steps and valley jams was evaluated approximating the sediment accumulated to a solid wedge whose geometrical dimensions were measured. Additional information relative to each LWD piece were recorded during the field survey: type (log, rootwad, log with rootwads attached), orientation to flow, origin (floated, bank erosion, landslide, natural mortality, harvest residuals) and position (log-step, in-channel, channel-bridging, channel margins, bankfull edge). In the Tres Arroyos, the average LWD volume stored within the bankfull channel is 710 m3 ha-1. The average number of pieces is 1,004 per hectare of bankfull channel area. Log-steps represent about 22% of all steps, whereas the elevation loss due to LWD (log-steps and valley jams) results in 27% loss of the total stream potential energy. About 1,600 m3 of sediment (assuming a porosity of 20%) is stored in the main channel</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/977430','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/977430"><span>Sahra integrated modeling approach to address water resources management in semi-arid river <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Springer, E. P.; Gupta, Hoshin V.; Brookshire, David S.</p> <p></p> <p> components such as reservoirs or irrigation diversions and economic features such as variable demand. The fine resolution model is viewed as a tool to examine <span class="hlt">basin</span> response using best available process models. The fine resolution model operates on a grid cell size of 100 m or less, which is consistent with the scale that our process knowledge has developed. The fine resolution model couples atmosphere, surface water and groundwater modules using high performance computing. The medium and fine resolution models are not expected at this time to be operated by users as opposed to the coarse resolution model. One of the objectives of the SAHRA integrated modeling task is to present results in a manner that can be used by those making decisions. The application of these models within SAHRA is driven by a scenario analysis and a place location. The place is the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande from its headwaters in Colorado to the New Mexico-Texas border. This provides a focus for model development and an attempt to see how the results from the various models relate. The scenario selected by SAHRA is the impact of a 1950's style drought using 1990's population and land use on <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water resources including surface and groundwater. The same climate variables will be used to drive all three models so that comparison will be based on how the three resolutions partition and route water through the river <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Aspects of this scenario will be discussed and initial model simulation will be presented. The issue of linking economic modules into the modeling effort will be discussed and the importance of feedback from the social and economic modules to the natural science modules will be reviewed.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28993863','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28993863"><span>Long-term Water Table Monitoring of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Riparian Ecosystems for Restoration Potential Amid Hydroclimatic Challenges.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Thibault, James R; Cleverly, James R; Dahm, Clifford N</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>Hydrological processes drive the ecological functioning and sustainability of cottonwood-dominated riparian ecosystems in the arid southwestern USA. Snowmelt runoff elevates groundwater levels and inundates floodplains, which promotes cottonwood germination. Once established, these phreatophytes rely on accessible water tables (WTs). In New Mexico's Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande corridor diminished flooding and deepening WTs threaten native riparian communities. We monitored surface flows and riparian WTs for up to 14 years, which revealed that WTs and surface flows, including peak snowmelt discharge, respond to <span class="hlt">basin</span> climate conditions and resource management. WT hydrographs influence the composition of riparian communities and can be used to assess if potential restoration sites meet native vegetation tolerances for WT depths, rates of recession, and variability throughout their life stages. WTs were highly variable in some sites, which can preclude native vegetation less adapted to deep drawdowns during extended droughts. Rates of WT recession varied between sites and should be assessed in regard to recruitment potential. Locations with relatively shallow WTs and limited variability are likely to be more viable for successful restoration. Suitable sites have diminished greatly as the once meandering <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande has been constrained and depleted. Increasing demands on water and the presence of invasive vegetation better adapted to the altered hydrologic regime further impact native riparian communities. Long-term monitoring over a range of sites and hydroclimatic extremes reveals attributes that can be evaluated for restoration potential.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EnMan..60.1101T','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EnMan..60.1101T"><span>Long-term Water Table Monitoring of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Riparian Ecosystems for Restoration Potential Amid Hydroclimatic Challenges</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Thibault, James R.; Cleverly, James R.; Dahm, Clifford N.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>Hydrological processes drive the ecological functioning and sustainability of cottonwood-dominated riparian ecosystems in the arid southwestern USA. Snowmelt runoff elevates groundwater levels and inundates floodplains, which promotes cottonwood germination. Once established, these phreatophytes rely on accessible water tables (WTs). In New Mexico's Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande corridor diminished flooding and deepening WTs threaten native riparian communities. We monitored surface flows and riparian WTs for up to 14 years, which revealed that WTs and surface flows, including peak snowmelt discharge, respond to <span class="hlt">basin</span> climate conditions and resource management. WT hydrographs influence the composition of riparian communities and can be used to assess if potential restoration sites meet native vegetation tolerances for WT depths, rates of recession, and variability throughout their life stages. WTs were highly variable in some sites, which can preclude native vegetation less adapted to deep drawdowns during extended droughts. Rates of WT recession varied between sites and should be assessed in regard to recruitment potential. Locations with relatively shallow WTs and limited variability are likely to be more viable for successful restoration. Suitable sites have diminished greatly as the once meandering <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande has been constrained and depleted. Increasing demands on water and the presence of invasive vegetation better adapted to the altered hydrologic regime further impact native riparian communities. Long-term monitoring over a range of sites and hydroclimatic extremes reveals attributes that can be evaluated for restoration potential.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002JAESc..20..517L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002JAESc..20..517L"><span>Sediment-hosted micro-disseminated gold mineralization constrained by <span class="hlt">basin</span> paleo-topographic highs in the Youjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span>, South China</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Liu, Jianming; Ye, Jie; Ying, Hanlong; Liu, Jiajun; Zheng, Minghua; Gu, Xuexiang</p> <p>2002-06-01</p> <p>The Youjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> is a Devonian-Triassic rift <span class="hlt">basin</span> on the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton in South China. Strong syndepositional faulting defined the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-and-range style paleo-topography that further developed into isolated carbonate platforms surrounded by siliciclastic filled depressions. Finally, thick Triassic siliciclastic deposits covered the platforms completely. In the Youjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span>, numerous sediment-hosted, micro-disseminated gold (SMG) deposits occur mainly in Permian-Triassic chert and siliciclastic rocks. SMG ores are often auriferous sedimentary rocks with relatively low sulfide contents and moderate to weak alteration. Similar to Carlin-type gold ores in North America, SMG ores in the Youjiang <span class="hlt">basin</span> are characterized by low-temperature mineral assemblages of pyrite, arsenopyrite, realgar, stibnite, cinnabar, marcasite, chalcedony and carbonate. Most of the SMG deposits are remarkably distributed around the carbonate platforms. Accordingly, there are platform-proximal and platform-distal SMG deposits. Platform-proximal SMG deposits often occur in the facies transition zone between the underlying platform carbonate rocks and the overlying siliciclastic rocks with an unconformity (often a paleo-karst surface) in between. In the ores and hostrocks there are abundant synsedimentary-syndiagenetic fabrics such as lamination, convolute bedding, slump texture, soft-sediment deformation etc. indicating submarine hydrothermal deposition and syndepositional faulting. Numerous fluid-escape and liquefaction fabrics imply strong fluid migration during sediment <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution. Such large-scale geological and fabric evidence implies that SMG ores were formed during <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution, probably in connection with <span class="hlt">basinal</span> fluids. It is well known that <span class="hlt">basinal</span> fluids (especially sediment-sourced fluids) will migrate generally (1) upwards, (2) towards <span class="hlt">basin</span> margins or <span class="hlt">basin</span> topographic highs, (3) and from thicker towards thinner deposits during <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolution</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29391421','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29391421"><span>Mapping Monthly Water Scarcity in Global Transboundary <span class="hlt">Basins</span> at Country-<span class="hlt">Basin</span> Mesh Based Spatial Resolution.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Degefu, Dagmawi Mulugeta; Weijun, He; Zaiyi, Liao; Liang, Yuan; Zhengwei, Huang; Min, An</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>Currently fresh water scarcity is an issue with huge socio-economic and environmental impacts. Transboundary river and lake <span class="hlt">basins</span> are among the sources of fresh water facing this challenge. Previous studies measured blue water scarcity at different spatial and temporal resolutions. But there is no global water availability and footprint assessment done at country-<span class="hlt">basin</span> mesh based spatial and monthly temporal resolutions. In this study we assessed water scarcity at these spatial and temporal resolutions. Our results showed that around 1.6 billion people living within the 328 country-<span class="hlt">basin</span> units out of the 560 we assessed in this study endures severe water scarcity at least for a month within the year. In addition, 175 country-<span class="hlt">basin</span> units goes through severe water scarcity for 3-12 months in the year. These sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> include nearly a billion people. Generally, the results of this study provide insights regarding the number of people and country-<span class="hlt">basin</span> units experiencing low, moderate, significant and severe water scarcity at a monthly temporal resolution. These insights might help these <span class="hlt">basins</span>' sharing countries to design and implement sustainable water management and sharing schemes.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/43786','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/43786"><span>Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Experimental Range: Annotated bibliography</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>E. Durant McArthur; Bryce A. Richardson; Stanley G. Kitchen</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>This annotated bibliography documents the research that has been conducted on the Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Experimental Range (GBER, also known as the Utah Experiment Station, Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Station, the Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Branch Experiment Station, Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Experimental Center, and other similar name variants) over the 102 years of its existence. Entries were drawn from the original...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7017479-thermal-regimes-malaysian-sedimentary-basins','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7017479-thermal-regimes-malaysian-sedimentary-basins"><span>Thermal regimes of Malaysian sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Abdul Halim, M.F.</p> <p>1994-07-01</p> <p>Properly corrected and calibrated thermal data are important in estimating source-rock maturation, diagenetics, evolution of reservoirs, pressure regimes, and hydrodynamics. Geothermal gradient, thermal conductivity, and heat flow have been determined for the sedimentary succession penetrated by exploratory wells in Malaysia. Geothermal gradient and heat-flow maps show that the highest average values are in the Malay <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The values in the Sarawak <span class="hlt">basin</span> are intermediate between those of the Malay <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the Sabah <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which contains the lowest average values. Temperature data were analyzed from more than 400 wells. An important parameter that was studied in detail is the circulationmore » time. The correct circulation time is essential in determining the correct geothermal gradient of a well. It was found that the most suitable circulation time for the Sabah <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is 20 hr, 30 hr for the Sarawak <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and 40 hr for the Malay <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Values of thermal conductivity, determined from measurement and calibrated calculations, were grouped according to depositional units and cycles in each <span class="hlt">basin</span>.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Springer%2c+E&pg=2&id=EJ757782','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Springer%2c+E&pg=2&id=EJ757782"><span>Analysis of Institutionally Specific Retention Research: A Comparison between Survey and Institutional Database Methods</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Caison, Amy L.</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>This study empirically explores the comparability of traditional survey-based retention research methodology with an alternative approach that relies on data commonly available in institutional student databases. Drawing on <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>'s [<span class="hlt">Tinto</span>, V. (1993). "Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition" (2nd Ed.), The University…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007SedG..199...91G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007SedG..199...91G"><span>Frequency and sources of <span class="hlt">basin</span> floor turbidites in alfonso <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Gulf of California, Mexico: Products of slope failures</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Gonzalez-Yajimovich, Oscar E.; Gorsline, Donn S.; Douglas, Robert G.</p> <p>2007-07-01</p> <p>Alfonso <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is a small margin <span class="hlt">basin</span> formed by extensional tectonics in the actively rifting, seismically active Gulf of California. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is centered at 24°40' N and 110° 38' W, and is a closed depression (maximum depth 420 m) with an effective sill depth of about 320 m (deepest sill), a width of 20 km and length of 25 km. <span class="hlt">Basin</span> floor area below a depth of 350 m is about 260 km 2. The climate is arid to semiarid but was wetter during the early (ca. 10,000-7000 Calendar years Before Present [BP]) and middle Holocene (ca. 7000-4000 Cal. Years BP). <span class="hlt">Basin</span>-wide turbidity currents reach the floor of Alfonso <span class="hlt">Basin</span> at centennial to millennial intervals. The peninsular drainages tributary to the <span class="hlt">basin</span> are small and have maximum flood discharges of the order of 10 4m 3. The <span class="hlt">basin</span>-floor turbidites thicker than 1 cm have volumes of the order of 10 6m 3 to 10 8m 3 and require a much larger source. The largest turbidite seen in our cores is ca. 1 m thick in the central <span class="hlt">basin</span> floor and was deposited 4900 Calendar Years Before Present (BP). Two smaller major events occurred about 1500 and 2800 Cal. Years BP. Seismicity over the past century of record shows a clustering of larger epicenters along faults forming the eastern Gulf side of Alfonso <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. In that period there have been four earthquakes with magnitudes above 7.0 but all are distant from the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Frequency of such earthquakes in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> vicinity is probably millennial. It is concluded that the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-wide turbidites thicker than 1 cm must be generated by slope failures on the eastern side of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> at roughly millennial intervals. The thin flood turbidites have a peninsular source at centennial frequencies.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70039932','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70039932"><span>Intra- and inter-<span class="hlt">basin</span> mercury comparisons: Importance of <span class="hlt">basin</span> scale and time-weighted methylmercury estimates</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.; Bringham, Mark E.; Burns, Douglas A.; Button, Daniel T.; Riva-Murray, Karen</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>To assess inter-comparability of fluvial mercury (Hg) observations at substantially different scales, Hg concentrations, yields, and bivariate-relations were evaluated at nested-<span class="hlt">basin</span> locations in the Edisto River, South Carolina and Hudson River, New York. Differences between scales were observed for filtered methylmercury (FMeHg) in the Edisto (attributed to wetland coverage differences) but not in the Hudson. Total mercury (THg) concentrations and bivariate-relationships did not vary substantially with scale in either <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Combining results of this and a previously published multi-<span class="hlt">basin</span> study, fish Hg correlated strongly with sampled water FMeHg concentration (p = 0.78; p = 0.003) and annual FMeHg <span class="hlt">basin</span> yield (p = 0.66; p = 0.026). Improved correlation (p = 0.88; p < 0.0001) was achieved with time-weighted mean annual FMeHg concentrations estimated from <span class="hlt">basin</span>-specific LOADEST models and daily streamflow. Results suggest reasonable scalability and inter-comparability for different <span class="hlt">basin</span> sizes if wetland area or related MeHg-source-area metrics are considered.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_23 --> <div id="page_24" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="461"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70127899','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70127899"><span>Streamflow and sediment dynamics of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Valley, New Mexico, in the context of cottonwood recruitment</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Milhous, Robert T.; Wondzell, Mark; Ritter, Amy</p> <p>1993-01-01</p> <p>The cottonwood gallery forests of the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande floodplain in New Mexico provide important habitats for birds and other animals. Over the last century, these forests have changed significantly due to invasion of exotics such as salt cedar and Russian olive, which compete with native cottonwoods, and changes in water use both in the valley and upstream. To successfully germinate and establish, cottonwoods require an adequate water supply, abundant sunlight, and bare, litter-free substrate. Native cottonwoods are adapted to a natural snowmelt hydrograph characterized by spring floods in late May or early June and gradually receding streamflows throughout the remainder of the summer. The natural streamflow pattern has been significantly modified by water management in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The modified pattern is less conducive to establishment of cottonwoods than the natural pattern. In addition, exotic species now compete with native cottonwoods, and the modified flow pattern may favor these exotics. The overall objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of enhancing cottonwood establishment and recruitment along the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande through streamflow manipulation and reservoir releases. The work integrates concepts of cottonwood establishment, water resources management, and river morphology, and investigates how water management might be used to preserve and enhance cottonwood gallery forests along the river. Specific objectives of the work reported herein were to: (1) develop a technique to calculate flows that will produce channel characteristics necessary to restore and sustain cottonwood gallery forests; (2) develop a model to determine a flow pattern, or sequence of flows, that will improve the potential for cottonwood establishment and recruitment; and (3) determine if the water resources can be managed to produce the desired channel characteristics and flow pattern identified in (1) and (2).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=rios+AND+rio+AND+de+AND+janeiro&pg=5&id=EJ377828','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=rios+AND+rio+AND+de+AND+janeiro&pg=5&id=EJ377828"><span>The Libraries of <span class="hlt">Rio</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Foster, Barbara</p> <p>1988-01-01</p> <p>Describes aspects of several libraries in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro. Topics covered include library policies, budgets, periodicals and books in the collections, classification schemes used, and literary areas of interest to patrons. (6 references) (CLB)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20941907','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20941907"><span>Neotropical Monogenoidea. 56. New species of Anacanthorus (Dactylogyridae) from the gills of matrinchã, Brycon orthotaenia (Characiformes: Characidae), in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> São Francisco, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Monteiro, Cassandra M; Kritsky, Delane C; Brasil-Sato, Marilia C</p> <p>2010-09-01</p> <p>Anacanthorus franciscanus sp. n. and Anacanthorus brevicirrus sp. n. (Dactylogyridae) are described from the gills of the matrinchã, Brycon orthotaenia Günther (Characidae), from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> São Francisco in Brazil. Anacanthorusfranciscanus most closely resembles Anacanthorus e[egans and A. kruidenieri from the matrinchõ, Brycon melanopterus, of the Amazon River <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. It differs from these species in part by having the bulbous proximal end of the hook shank with two translucent regions. Anacanthorus brevicirrus resembles A. franciscanus, A. kruidenieri and A. elegans but is differentiated from these species by its short straight male copulatory organ and by having one translucent region in the bulbous base of the hook shank.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFMED11D0143B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AGUFMED11D0143B"><span>Constraining <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Depth and Fault Displacement in the Malombe <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Using Potential Field Methods</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Beresh, S. C. M.; Elifritz, E. A.; Méndez, K.; Johnson, S.; Mynatt, W. G.; Mayle, M.; Atekwana, E. A.; Laó-Dávila, D. A.; Chindandali, P. R. N.; Chisenga, C.; Gondwe, S.; Mkumbwa, M.; Kalaguluka, D.; Kalindekafe, L.; Salima, J.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The Malombe <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is part of the Malawi Rift which forms the southern part of the Western Branch of the East African Rift System. At its southern end, the Malawi Rift bifurcates into the Bilila-Mtakataka and Chirobwe-Ntcheu fault systems and the Lake Malombe Rift <span class="hlt">Basin</span> around the Shire Horst, a competent block under the Nankumba Peninsula. The Malombe <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is approximately 70km from north to south and 35km at its widest point from east to west, bounded by reversing-polarity border faults. We aim to constrain the depth of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> to better understand displacement of each border fault. Our work utilizes two east-west gravity profiles across the <span class="hlt">basin</span> coupled with Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) derived from a high-resolution aeromagnetic survey. The first gravity profile was done across the northern portion of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> and the second across the southern portion. Gravity and magnetic data will be used to constrain basement depths and the thickness of the sedimentary cover. Additionally, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data is used to understand the topographic expression of the fault scarps. Estimates for minimum displacement of the border faults on either side of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> were made by adding the elevation of the scarps to the deepest SPI basement estimates at the <span class="hlt">basin</span> borders. Our preliminary results using SPI and SRTM data show a minimum displacement of approximately 1.3km for the western border fault; the minimum displacement for the eastern border fault is 740m. However, SPI merely shows the depth to the first significantly magnetic layer in the subsurface, which may or may not be the actual basement layer. Gravimetric readings are based on subsurface density and thus circumvent issues arising from magnetic layers located above the basement; therefore expected results for our work will be to constrain more accurate <span class="hlt">basin</span> depth by integrating the gravity profiles. Through more accurate basement depth estimates we also gain more accurate displacement</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4340915','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4340915"><span>First 'Rauisuchian' archosaur (Pseudosuchia, Loricata) for the Middle Triassic Santacruzodon Assemblage Zone (Santa Maria Supersequence), <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State, Brazil</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Lacerda, Marcel B.; Schultz, Cesar L.; Bertoni-Machado, Cristina</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The ‘Rauisuchia’ are a group of Triassic pseudosuchian archosaurs that displayed a near worldwide distribution. In Brazil, their fossils are found only in the Santa Maria Formation (Paraná <span class="hlt">Basin</span>) of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul State, specifically in the Middle Triassic Dinodontosaurus assemblage zone (AZ) and the Late Triassic Hyperodapedon AZ (Rauisuchus tiradentes). Between these two cenozones is the Santacruzodon AZ (Middle Triassic), whose record was, until now, restricted to non-mammalian cynodonts and the proterochampsian Chanaresuchus bonapartei. Here we present the first occurrence of a rauisuchian archosaur for this cenozone, from the Schoenstatt outcrop, located near the city of Santa Cruz do Sul and propose a new species, based on biostratigraphical evidence and a comparative osteological analysis. PMID:25714091</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70133640','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70133640"><span>Three-dimensional modeling of pull-apart <span class="hlt">basins</span>: implications for the tectonics of the Dead Sea <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Katzman, Rafael; ten Brink, Uri S.; Lin, Jian</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>We model the three-dimensional (3-D) crustal deformation in a deep pull-apart <span class="hlt">basin</span> as a result of relative plate motion along a transform system and compare the results to the tectonics of the Dead Sea <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The brittle upper crust is modeled by a boundary element technique as an elastic block, broken by two en echelon semi-infinite vertical faults. The deformation is caused by a horizontal displacement that is imposed everywhere at the bottom of the block except in a stress-free “shear zone” in the vicinity of the fault zone. The bottom displacement represents the regional relative plate motion. Results show that the <span class="hlt">basin</span> deformation depends critically on the width of the shear zone and on the amount of overlap between <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding faults. As the width of the shear zone increases, the depth of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> decreases, the rotation around a vertical axis near the fault tips decreases, and the <span class="hlt">basin</span> shape (the distribution of subsidence normalized by the maximum subsidence) becomes broader. In contrast, two-dimensional plane stress modeling predicts a <span class="hlt">basin</span> shape that is independent of the width of the shear zone. Our models also predict full-graben profiles within the overlapped region between bounding faults and half-graben shapes elsewhere. Increasing overlap also decreases uplift near the fault tips and rotation of blocks within the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. We suggest that the observed structure of the Dead Sea <span class="hlt">Basin</span> can be described by a 3-D model having a large overlap (more than 30 km) that probably increased as the <span class="hlt">basin</span> evolved as a result of a stable shear motion that was distributed laterally over 20 to 40 km.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JSAES..80..353B','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017JSAES..80..353B"><span>Insights into the genesis of the epithermal Au-Ag mineralization at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco in the Cordillera Occidental of southwestern Ecuador: Constraints from U-Pb and Ar/Ar geochronology</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Bineli Betsi, Thierry; Ponce, Miguel; Chiaradia, Massimo; Ulianov, Alex; Camacho, Alfredo</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The genesis of the Au-Ag mineralization at <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco in the Cordillera Occidental (Western Cordillera) of southwest of Ecuador is here constrained. This was done by investigating the temporal and by inference the genetic relationship between the Au-Ag mineralization and the spatially associated magmatic host rocks using zircon U-Pb [chemical abrasion (CA) IDTIMS and laser ablation (LA) ICPMS] and adularia 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Whereas volcanics hosting the Au-Au mineralization range in age from 37.35 ± 0.30 to 33.09 ± 0.20 Ma (Late Eocene-Early Oligocene), the spatially associated intrusions are of at least two discontinuous phases of magmatism and these include: (i) Late Eocene intrusions that range in age from 35.77 ± 0.19 to 36.03 ± 0.19 Ma, and; (ii) Miocene intrusions of 15.58 ± 0.04 Ma. The 40Ar/39Ar age of adularia from a Bonanza Au (334 g/t)-Ag (2060 g/t)-bearing epithermal vein is bracketed between 14.3 and 14.9 Ma. The temporal relationship between adularia and by inference mineralization and the spatially associated rocks therefore rules out any temporal link between the Late Eocene-Early Oligocene <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco Formation, but rather favors a possible genetic relationship between the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco Au-Ag mineralization and the Miocene intrusions. The determined <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Blanco Au-Ag mineralization age is consistent with the established Oligocene-Miocene period of ore deposits in Ecuador and coincides with the extensional tectonic event, which developed intramontane <span class="hlt">basins</span> in southern Ecuador.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0056.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0056.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core stage aboard the barge Pegasus. Equipment is staged and a crane will be used to lift up precast concrete poles and position them to be driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the increased weight of the core stage along with ground support and transportation equipment aboard the modified barge Pegasus. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0036.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0036.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core stage aboard the barge Pegasus. A crane will be used to lift up precast concrete poles and position them to be driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the increased weight of the core stage along with ground support and transportation equipment aboard the modified barge Pegasus. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/38857','TREESEARCH'); return false;" href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/38857"><span>Human ecology and ethnology [chapter 3</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/">Treesearch</a></p> <p>Frank E. Wozniak</p> <p>1995-01-01</p> <p>The relationship of humans with Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> ecosystems is complex. In historic times, humans had a critical role in the evolution of environmental landscapes and ecosystems throughout the Middle <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The relationship of humans with the land is based on and regulated by resource availability, environmental conditions, levels of technological...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70193103','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70193103"><span>Laramide <span class="hlt">basin</span> CSI: Comprehensive stratigraphic investigations of Paleogene sediments in the Colorado Headwaters <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, north-central Colorado</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Dechesne, Marieke; Cole, James Channing; Trexler, James H.; Cashman, Patricia; Peterson, Christopher D</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The Paleogene sedimentary deposits of the Colorado Headwaters <span class="hlt">Basin</span> provide a detailed proxy record of regional deformation and <span class="hlt">basin</span> subsidence during the Laramide orogeny in north-central Colorado and southern Wyoming. This field trip presents extensive evidence from sedimentology, stratigraphy, structure, palynology, and isotope geochronology that shows a complex history that is markedly different from other Laramide synorogenic <span class="hlt">basins</span> in the vicinity.We show that the <span class="hlt">basin</span> area was deformed by faulting and folding before, during, and after deposition of the Paleogene rocks. Internal unconformities have been identified that further reflect the interaction of deformation, subsidence, and sedimentation. Uplift of Proterozoic basement blocks that make up the surrounding mountain ranges today occurred late in <span class="hlt">basin</span> history. Evidence is given to reinterpret the Independence Mountain uplift as the result of significant normal faulting (not thrusting), probably in middle Tertiary time.While the Denver and Cheyenne <span class="hlt">Basins</span> to the east were subsiding and accumulating sediment during Late Cretaceous time, the Colorado Headwaters <span class="hlt">Basin</span> region was experiencing vertical uplift and erosion. At least 1200 m of the upper part of the marine Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale was regionally removed, along with Fox Hills Sandstone shoreline deposits of the receding Interior Seaway as well as any Laramie Formation–type continental deposits. Subsidence did not begin in the Colorado Headwaters <span class="hlt">Basin</span> until after 60.5 Ma, when coarse, chaotic, debris-flow deposits of the Paleocene Windy Gap Volcanic Member of the Middle Park Formation began to accumulate along the southern <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin. These volcaniclastic conglomerate deposits were derived from local, mafic-alkalic volcanic sources (and transitory deposits in the drainage <span class="hlt">basin</span>), and were rapidly transported into a deep lake system by sediment gravity currents. The southern part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> subsided rapidly (roughly 750–1000 m</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED270501.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED270501.pdf"><span>Differential Validation of a Path Analytic Model of University Dropout.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Winteler, Adolf</p> <p></p> <p><span class="hlt">Tinto</span>'s conceptual schema of college dropout forms the theoretical framework for the development of a model of university student dropout intention. This study validated <span class="hlt">Tinto</span>'s model in two different departments within a single university. Analyses were conducted on a sample of 684 college freshmen in the Education and Economics Department. A…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/415638-summary-geological-survey-city-albuquerque-hydrologic-investigations-program','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/415638-summary-geological-survey-city-albuquerque-hydrologic-investigations-program"><span>Summary of U.S. Geological Survey and City of Albuquerque hydrologic investigations program</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>McAda, D.</p> <p>1995-12-31</p> <p>The US Geological Survey and Albuquerque have been cooperating in data collection programs and interpretive studies since 1982. The paper presents summaries on recently completed and ongoing projects, detailing the objectives, principal investigator, period of the project, and reports released or reports in progress on each study. Project names are: Ground-water-level monitoring network in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>; Water budget of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande flood plain in the Albuquerque area; Modeling of groundwater flow in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>; Continuation of ground water flow modeling in the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>; Evaluation of methods to quantify the hydrologic relations between the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande andmore » the Santa Fe Group aquifer system, near Albuquerque; Aquifer compaction and land subsidence in the Albuquerque, NM area; Aquifer test at the Griegos Well Field, Albuquerque, NM; Quality of urban stormwater runoff; <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande water quality; Determining accurate concentrations and loads of trace elements and other selected chemical constituents in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande, Albuquerque, NM; Digital geophysical-log data base; and Water quality data for the Albuquerque <span class="hlt">Basin</span>.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12295715','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12295715"><span><span class="hlt">Rio</span> + 5: picking up the pieces.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hinrichsen, D</p> <p>1997-01-01</p> <p>The UN General Assembly Special Session held during June 1997 has failed to take forward the objectives set out at the Earth Summit in <span class="hlt">Rio</span>, casting doubt on the global effort to create a sustainable future. This article presents a balance sheet set out by Don Hinrichsen in the wake of <span class="hlt">Rio</span>+5. It outlines the progress made by the UN as well as the prevailing issues, which need to be acted upon immediately. It is noted that little progress has been made since the Summit; only the issues of population, forests, and oceans have been given attention, subsequently achieving a significant progress. However, the UN has failed in addressing the issues of poverty, high consumption, management of freshwater, and the continued loss and impoverishment of biological diversity. Little or lack of progress has been made since <span class="hlt">Rio</span> in implementing recommendations tackling such problems. In the context of the issues regarding land degradation and climate change, assessing progress would be too early for these aspects.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160008399&hterms=history&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D40%26Ntt%3Dhistory','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160008399&hterms=history&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D40%26Ntt%3Dhistory"><span>Stratigraphy of the Caloris <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Mercury: Implications for Volcanic History and <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Impact Melt</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Ernst, Carolyn M.; Denevi, Brett W.; Barnouin, Olivier S.; Klimczak, Christian; Chabot, Nancy L.; Head, James W.; Murchie, Scott L.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Prockter, Louis M.; Robinson, Mark S.; <a style="text-decoration: none; " href="javascript:void(0); " onClick="displayelement('author_20160008399'); toggleEditAbsImage('author_20160008399_show'); toggleEditAbsImage('author_20160008399_hide'); "> <img style="display:inline; width:12px; height:12px; " src="images/arrow-up.gif" width="12" height="12" border="0" alt="hide" id="author_20160008399_show"> <img style="width:12px; height:12px; display:none; " src="images/arrow-down.gif" width="12" height="12" border="0" alt="hide" id="author_20160008399_hide"></p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Caloris <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Mercury's youngest large impact <span class="hlt">basin</span>, is filled by volcanic plains that are spectrally distinct from surrounding material. Post-plains impact craters of a variety of sizes populate the <span class="hlt">basin</span> interior, and the spectra of the material they have excavated enable the thickness of the volcanic fill to be estimated and reveal the nature of the subsurface. The thickness of the interior volcanic plains is consistently at least 2.5 km, reaching 3.5 km in places, with thinner fill toward the edge of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. No systematic variations in fill thickness are observed with long-wavelength topography or azimuth. The lack of correlation between plains thickness and variations in elevation at large horizontal scales within the <span class="hlt">basin</span> indicates that plains emplacement must have predated most, if not all, of the changes in long-wavelength topography that affected the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. There are no embayed or unambiguously buried (ghost) craters with diameters greater than 10 km in the Caloris interior plains. The absence of such ghost craters indicates that one or more of the following scenarios must hold: the plains are sufficiently thick to have buried all evidence of craters that formed between the Caloris impact event and the emplacement of the plains; the plains were emplaced soon after <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation; or the complex tectonic deformation of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> interior has disguised wrinkle-ridge rings localized by buried craters. That low-reflectance material (LRM) was exposed by every impact that penetrated through the surface volcanic plains provides a means to explore near-surface stratigraphy. If all occurrences of LRM are derived from a single layer, the subsurface LRM deposit is at least 7.5-8.5 km thick and its top likely once made up the Caloris <span class="hlt">basin</span> floor. The Caloris-forming impact would have generated a layer of impact melt 3-15 km thick; such a layer could account for the entire thickness of LRM. This material would have been derived from a combination of lower crust</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21161585','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21161585"><span>Mass balance in the monitoring of pollutants in tidal rivers of the Guanabara Bay, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, Brazil.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>da Silveira, Raquel Pinhão; Rodrigues, Ana Paula de Castro; Santelli, Ricardo Erthal; Cordeiro, Renato Campello; Bidone, Edison Dausacker</p> <p>2011-10-01</p> <p>This study addressed the identification and monitoring of pollution sources of terrestrial origin in rivers (domestic sewage and industrial effluents) and critical fluvial segments in highly polluted environments under tidal influence (mixing marine and continental sources) from Guanabara Bay <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> de Janeiro, Brazil. The mass balance of contaminants was determined in conditions of continuous flow (low tide) during dry season (lower dilution capability). The results allowed the evaluation of the potential of contaminant mass generation by the different river segments and the estimation of their natural and anthropogenic components. The water quality of Iguaçú and Sarapuí Rivers were evaluated for metals and biochemical oxygen demand. The method gave an excellent response, including the possibility of sources identification and contaminated river segments ranking. The approach also offers fast execution and data interpretation, being highly efficient.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70032631','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70032631"><span>Tectonic setting of Cretaceous <span class="hlt">basins</span> on the NE Tibetan Plateau: Insights from the Jungong <span class="hlt">basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Craddock, W.H.; Kirby, E.; Dewen, Z.; Jianhui, L.</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Quantifying the Cenozoic growth of high topography in the Indo-Asian collision zone remains challenging, due in part to significant shortening that occurred within Eurasia before collision. A growing body of evidence suggests that regions far removed from the suture zone experienced deformation before and during the early phases of Himalayan orogenesis. In the present-day north-eastern Tibetan Plateau, widespread deposits of Cretaceous sediment attest to significant <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation; however, the tectonic setting of these <span class="hlt">basins</span> remains enigmatic. We present a study of a regionally extensive network of sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> that are spatially associated with a system of SE-vergent thrust faults and are now exposed in the high ranges of the north-eastern corner of the Tibetan Plateau. We focus on a particularly well-exposed <span class="hlt">basin</span>, located ~20km north of the Kunlun fault in the Anyemaqen Shan. The <span class="hlt">basin</span> is filled by ~900m of alluvial sediments that become finer-grained away from the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding fault. Additionally, beds in the proximal footwall of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bounding fault exhibit progressive, up-section shallowing and several intraformational unconformities which can be traced into correlative conformities in the distal part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The observations show sediment accumulated in the <span class="hlt">basin</span> during fault motion. Regional constraints on the timing of sediment deposition are provided by both fossil assemblages from the Early Cretaceous, and by K-Ar dating of volcanic rocks that floor and cross-cut sedimentary fill. We argue that during the Cretaceous, the interior NE Tibetan Plateau experienced NW-SE contractional deformation similar to that documented throughout the Qinling-Dabie orogen to the east. The Songpan-Ganzi terrane apparently marked the southern limit of this deformation, such that it may have been a relatively rigid block in the Tibetan lithosphere, separating regions experiencing deformation north of the convergent Tethyan margin from regions deforming</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004AGUFM.P43A0904J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004AGUFM.P43A0904J"><span>Fast-Turnoff Transient Electro-Magnetic (TEM) geophysical survey in the Peña de Hierro ("Berg of Iron") field area of the Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Jernsletten, J. A.</p> <p>2004-12-01</p> <p>This report describes the outcome of a Fast-Turnoff Transient Electro-Magnetic (TEM) geophysical survey carried out in the Peña de Hierro ("Berg of Iron") field area of the Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE), during May and June of 2003. The MARTE Peña de Hierro field area is located between the towns of <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> and Nerva in the Andalucia region of Spain. It is about one hour drive West of the city of Sevilla, and also about one hour drive North of Huelva. The high concentration of dissolved iron (and smaller amounts of other metals) in the very acidic water in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> area gives the water its characteristic wine red color, and also means that the water is highly conductive, and such an acidic and conductive fluid is highly suited for exploration by electromagnetic methods. This naturally acidic environment is maintained by bacteria in the groundwater and it is these bacteria that are the main focus of the MARTE project overall, and of this supporting geophysical work. It is the goal of this study to be able to map the subsurface extent of the high conductivity (low resistivity) levels, and thus by proxy the subsurface extent of the acidic groundwater and the bacteria populations. In so doing, the viability of using electromagnetic methods for mapping these subsurface metal-rich water bodies is also examined and demonstrated, and the geophysical data will serve to support drilling efforts. The purpose of this field survey was an initial effort to map certain conductive features in the field area, in support of the drilling operations that are central to the MARTE project. These conductive features include the primary target of exploration for MARTE, the very conductive acidic groundwater in the area (which is extremely rich in metals). Other conductive features include the pyretic ore bodies in the area, as well as extensive mine tailings piles.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SEG....75..781J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SEG....75..781J"><span>Using TEM for sounding conductive and deep groundwater in Mars analog environments: Comparing two field studies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Jernsletten, J. A.</p> <p>2005-11-01</p> <p>A TEM survey was carried out in Pima County, Arizona, in January 2003. Data was collected using 100 m Tx loops and a ferrite-cored magnetic coil Rx antenna, using a 16 Hz sounding frequency, which is sensitive to slightly salty groundwater. Prominent features in the data are the ~500 m depth of investigation and the ~120 m depth to the water table, confirmed by data from four USGS test wells sur-rounding the field area. Note also the conductive (~20-40 Ωm) clay-rich soil above the water table. During May and June of 2003, a Fast-Turnoff (early time) TEM survey was carried out at the Peña de Hierro field area of the MARTE project, near the town of Nerva, Spain. Data was collected using 20 m and 40 m Tx loop antennae and 10 m loop Rx antennae, with a 32 Hz sounding frequency. Data from Line 4 (of 16) from this survey, collected using 40 m Tx loops, show ~200 m depth of investigation and a conduc-tive high at ~90 m depth below Station 20 (second station of 10 along this line). This is the water table, matching the 431 m MSL elevation of the nearby pit lake. Data from Line 15 and Line 14 of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> survey, collected using 20 m Tx loops, achieve ~50 m depth of investigation and show con-ductive highs at ~15 m depth below Station 50 (Line 15) and Station 30 (Line 14), interpreted as subsurface water flow under mine tailings matching surface flows seen coming out from under the tailings, and shown on maps. Both of the interpretations from <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> data (Line 4, and Lines 15 & 14) were confirmed by preliminary results from the MARTE ground truth drilling campaign carried out in September and October 2003. Drill Site 1 was moved ~50 m based on recommendations built on data from Line 15 and Line 14 of the Fast-Turnoff TEM survey.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.epa.gov/ceam/basins-tutorials-and-training','PESTICIDES'); return false;" href="https://www.epa.gov/ceam/basins-tutorials-and-training"><span><span class="hlt">BASINS</span> Tutorials and Training</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/search.htm">EPA Pesticide Factsheets</a></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>A series of lectures and exercises on how to use <span class="hlt">BASINS</span> for water quality modeling and watershed assessment. The lectures follow sequentially. Companion exercises are provided for users to practice different <span class="hlt">BASINS</span> water quality modeling techniques.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_24 --> <div id="page_25" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="481"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70034034','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70034034"><span>Factors Controlling Pre-Columbian and Early Historic Maize Productivity in the American Southwest, Part 1: The Southern Colorado Plateau and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Regions</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Benson, L.V.</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Maize is the New World's preeminent grain crop and it provided the economic basis for human culture in many regions within the Americas. To flourish, maize needs water, sunlight (heat), and nutrients (e. g., nitrogen). In this paper, climate and soil chemistry data are used to evaluate the potential for dryland (rainon-field) agriculture in the semiarid southeastern Colorado Plateau and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande regions. Processes that impact maize agriculture such as nitrogen mineralization, infiltration of precipitation, bare soil evaporation, and transpiration are discussed and evaluated. Most of the study area, excepting high-elevation regions, receives sufficient solar radiation to grow maize. The salinities of subsurface soils in the central San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> are very high and their nitrogen concentrations are very low. In addition, soils of the central San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> are characterized by pH values that exceed 8.0, which limit the availability of both nitrogen and phosphorous. In general, the San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, including Chaco Canyon, is the least promising part of the study area in terms of dryland farming. Calculations of field life, using values of organic nitrogen for the upper 50 cm of soil in the study area, indicate that most of the study area could not support a 10-bushel/acre crop of maize. The concepts, methods, and calculations used to quantify maize productivity in this study are applicable to maize cultivation in other environmental settings across the Americas. ?? 2010 US Government.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.S31C2781V','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AGUFM.S31C2781V"><span>Refined modeling of Seattle <span class="hlt">basin</span> amplification</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Vidale, J. E.; Wirth, E. A.; Frankel, A. D.; Baker, B.; Thompson, M.; Han, J.; Nasser, M.; Stephenson, W. J.</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>The Seattle <span class="hlt">Basin</span> has long been recognized to modulate shaking in western Washington earthquakes (e.g., Frankel, 2007 USGS OFR). The amplification of shaking in such deep sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> is a challenge to estimate and incorporate into mitigation plans. This project aims to (1) study the influence of <span class="hlt">basin</span> edges on trapping and amplifying seismic waves, and (2) using the latest earthquake data to refine our models of <span class="hlt">basin</span> structure. To interrogate the influence of <span class="hlt">basin</span> edges on ground motion, we use the numerical codes SpecFEM3D and Disfd (finite-difference code from Pengcheng Liu), and an update of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> model of Stephenson et al. (2007), to calculate synthetic ground motions at frequencies up to 1 Hz. The figure below, for example, shows the amplification relative to a simple 1/r amplitude decay for four sources around of the Seattle <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (red dots), with an EW-striking 45°-dipping thrust mechanism at 10 km depth. We test the difficulty of simulating motions in the presence of slow materials near the <span class="hlt">basin</span> edge. Running SpecFEM3D with attenuation is about a third as fast as the finite difference code, and cannot represent sub-element structure (e.g., slow surficial materials) in comparable detail to the finer FD grid, but has the advantages of being able to incorporate topography and water. Modeling 1 Hz energy in the presence of shear wave velocities with a floor of 600 m/s, factor of 2 to 3 velocity contrasts, and sharp <span class="hlt">basin</span> edges is fraught, both in calculating synthetics and estimating real structure. We plan to incorporate interpretations of local recordings including <span class="hlt">basin</span>-bottom S-to-P conversions, noise-correlation waveforms, and teleseismic-P-wave reverberations to refine the <span class="hlt">basin</span> model. Our long-term goal is to reassess with greater accuracy and resolution the spatial pattern of hazard across the Seattle <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, which includes several quite vulnerable neighborhoods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5210/pdf/sir2013-5210.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5210/pdf/sir2013-5210.pdf"><span>Mesohabitats, fish assemblage composition, and mesohabitat use of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow over a range of seasonal flow regimes in the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande/<span class="hlt">Rio</span> Bravo del Norte, in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas, 2010-11</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Moring, J. Bruce; Braun, Christopher L.; Pearson, Daniel K.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>There were no statistically significant differences between the stream velocities associated with seine hauls of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow and Tamaulipas shiner. Stream velocities associated with the seine hauls that included <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow indicate that this species is predominantly found in low-velocity mesohabitats. Velocities associated with seine hauls that included the Tamaulipas shiner represented a much broader overall range of velocities than those associated with <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow collections. No statistically significant differences were found between the depths for seine hauls that included <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow or Tamaulipas shiner. The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande silvery minnow was more commonly collected in seine hauls from mesohabitats dominated by cobble substrates and less frequently collected in mesohabitats with substrates dominated by fine-sized silt and clay particles, gravels, and sands, in that order. In contrast, the Tamaulipas shiner was broadly distributed among mesohabitats characterized as having gravel, cobble, and silt and clay.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70012686','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70012686"><span>Upwarp of anomalous asthenosphere beneath the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Parker, E.C.; Davis, P.M.; Evans, J.R.; Iyer, H.M.; Olsen, K.H.</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>Continental rifts are possible analogues of mid-ocean ridges, although major plate tectonic features are less clearly observed1. Current thermal models of mid-ocean ridges2-4 consist of solid lithospheric plates overlying the hotter, less viscous asthenosphere, with plate thickness increasing away from the ridge axis. The lithospheric lower boundary lies at or near the melting point isotherm, so that at greater depths higher temperatures account for lower viscosity, lower seismic velocities and possibly partial melting. Upwarp of this boundary at the ridge axis concentrates heat there, thus lowering densities by expansion and raising the sea floor to the level of thermal isostatic equilibrium. At slow spreading ridges, a major central graben forms owing to the mechanics of magma injection into the crust5. Topography, heat flow, gravity and seismic studies support these models. On the continents, a low-velocity channel has been observed, although it is poorly developed beneath ancient cratons6-9. Plate tectonic models have been applied to continental <span class="hlt">basins</span> and margins10-12, but further similarities to the oceanic models remain elusive. Topographic uplift is often ascribed to Airy type isostatic compensation caused by crustal thickening, rather than thermal compensation in the asthenosphere. Here we discuss the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande rift, in southwestern United States. Teleseismic P-wave residuals show that regional uplift is explained by asthenosphere uplift rather than crustal thickening. ?? 1984 Nature Publishing Group.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1526/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1526/report.pdf"><span>Depths of channels in the area of the San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Regional Uranium Study, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and Utah</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Cooley, Maurice E.</p> <p>1979-01-01</p> <p>During December 1977 and January 1978 about 280 measurements were made of the depths of channels (arroyos) more than 6 feet deep in the San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> area. More than half of the measurements were made at sites where channel depths had been previously measured Between 1964 and 1969. Some channels in the western part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span> had Been re-measured in 1969 and in 1971. The principal areas Being dissected by arroyos are near highlands along the margins of the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> and in uplands in the northeastern part of the <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. The most severe dissection by arroyos and the deepest arroyos--commonly Between 40 and 60 feet deep--are in the southeastern part of the <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Dissection By arroyos is least in the central part of the <span class="hlt">Basin</span> near the Chaco River where most arroyos are less than 10 feet deep. Elsewhere, moderate dissection predominates with most arroyos Between 12 and 40 feet deep. Comparison of measurements made from 1964-71 with those made in 1977-78 shows that more channels in the western San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> were filling than were downcutting. Downcutting or filling was generally less than 2 feet. About two-fifths of the sites measured showed less than half a foot of downcutting or filling. Maximum downcutting was 4 feet along the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> San Jose in the southeastern part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>. Maximum filling of 7 feet was along the Chaco River at the Chaco Canyon National Monument. Along ii other streams elsewhere in the western part of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, channels were filled 3 to 4.5 feet. The few measurements made in the southeastern San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> indicate that since 1964 downcutting has predominated over filling. Large floods during the summer of 1977 caused some change in channel depths in the southwestern part of the San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Some of the channels appeared to have been filled during the years prior to the cutting that occurred from the 1977 floods. At other places, flood flows aggraded (filled) channels. The rate of erosion and arroyo formation in the entire San Juan <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SedG..181..107P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SedG..181..107P"><span>Sedimentary architecture of a Plio-Pleistocene proto-back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span>: Wanganui <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Zealand</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Proust, Jean-Noël; Lamarche, Geoffroy; Nodder, Scott; Kamp, Peter J. J.</p> <p>2005-11-01</p> <p>The sedimentary architecture of active margin <span class="hlt">basins</span>, including back-arc <span class="hlt">basins</span>, is known only from a few end-members that barely illustrate the natural diversity of such <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Documenting more of these <span class="hlt">basins</span> types is the key to refining our understanding of the tectonic evolution of continental margins. This paper documents the sedimentary architecture of an incipient back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> 200 km behind the active Hikurangi subduction margin, North Island, New Zealand. The Wanganui <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (WB) is a rapidly subsiding, Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary <span class="hlt">basin</span> located at the southern termination of the extensional back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> of the active Central Volcanic Region (TVZ). The WB is asymmetric with a steep, thrust-faulted, outer (arc-ward) margin and a gentle inner (craton-ward) margin. It contains a 4-km-thick succession of Plio-Pleistocene sediments, mostly lying offshore, composed of shelf platform sediments. It lacks the late molasse-like deposits derived from erosion of a subaerial volcanic arc and basement observed in classical back-arc <span class="hlt">basins</span>. Detailed seismic stratigraphic interpretations from an extensive offshore seismic reflection data grid show that the sediment fill comprises two <span class="hlt">basin</span>-scale mega-sequences: (1) a Pliocene (3.8 to 1.35 Ma), sub-parallel, regressive "pre-growth" sequence that overtops the uplifted craton-ward margin above the reverse Taranaki Fault, and (2) a Pleistocene (1.35 Ma to present), divergent, transgressive, "syn-growth" sequence that onlaps: (i) the craton-ward high to the west, and (ii) uplifted basement blocks associated with the high-angle reverse faults of the arc-ward margin to the east. Along strike, the sediments offlap first progressively southward (mega-sequence 1) and then southeastward (mega-sequence 2), with sediment transport funnelled between the craton- and arc-ward highs, towards the Hikurangi Trough through the Cook Strait. The change in offlap direction corresponds to the onset of arc-ward thrust faulting and the rise of</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-11-01/pdf/2013-26049.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-11-01/pdf/2013-26049.pdf"><span>78 FR 65609 - Medicine Bow-Routt National Forests and Thunder <span class="hlt">Basin</span> National Grassland; Wyoming; Thunder <span class="hlt">Basin</span>...</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-11-01</p> <p>... National Grassland; Wyoming; Thunder <span class="hlt">Basin</span> National Grassland Prairie Dog Amendment Environmental Impact... alternatives will be analyzed in the Thunder <span class="hlt">Basin</span> National Grassland Prairie Dog Amendment EIS. The EIS will... <span class="hlt">Basin</span> National Grassland Prairie Dog Amendment. The Open House/ Presentation meetings will be held on...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26815938','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26815938"><span>Sinos River Hydrographic <span class="hlt">Basin</span>: urban occupation, industrialization and environmental memory.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Nunes, M F; Figueiredo, J A S; Rocha, A L C</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>This article presents an analysis of the process of industrialization and urbanization of the Sinos Valley in <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande do Sul state, Brazil, starting from the establishment of leather goods and footwear manufacturing in the region during the 19th century when tanneries and factories producing footwear and/or components for footwear began to appear, and with special attention to aspects related to the environmental impact on the Sinos river hydrographic <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The article is based on both bibliographic and documentary research and also draws on biographical narratives of workers with links to the leather goods and footwear industry obtained using ethnographic method. It was found that contemporary environmental conflicts emerge from within a memory of work and an environmental memory in which the factories, the unplanned urbanization, and the utilization of water and other natural resources form a chain of significance. Significance that precludes any form of fragmented analysis that isolates any of these aspects from the others: the economic, socio-historic, cultural, political, or the environmental.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-07-05/pdf/2011-16785.pdf','FEDREG'); return false;" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-07-05/pdf/2011-16785.pdf"><span>76 FR 39120 - Notice of Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/collection.action?collectionCode=FR">Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014</a></p> <p></p> <p>2011-07-05</p> <p>... Meeting, <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of... Land Management (BLM) <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission will meet as indicated below. DATES: The...-mail: [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande Natural Area Commission was...</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0056/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0056/report.pdf"><span>Delaware River <span class="hlt">Basin</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Fischer, Jeffrey M.</p> <p>1999-01-01</p> <p>Assessing the quality of water in every location of the Nation would not be practical. Therefore, NAWQA investigations are conducted within 59 selected areas called study units (fig. 1). These study units encompass important river and aquifer systems in the United States and represent the diverse geographic, waterresource, land-use, and water-use characteristics of the Nation. The Delaware River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> is one of 15 study units in which work began in 1996. Water-quality sampling in the study unit will begin in 1999. This fact sheet provides a brief overview of the NAWQA program, describes the Delaware River <span class="hlt">Basin</span> study unit, identifies the major water-quality issues in the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, and documents the plan of study that will be followed during the study-unit investigation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0048.html','SCIGOVIMAGE-NASA'); return false;" href="https://images.nasa.gov/#/details-KSC-20170614-PH_KLS01_0048.html"><span>Turn <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Construction</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://images.nasa.gov/">NASA Image and Video Library</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-06-14</p> <p>Modifications are underway at the Launch Complex 39 turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida to prepare for the arrival of the agency's massive Space Launch System (SLS) core stage aboard the barge Pegasus. In the foreground is Tammy Kelly, site manager, with Southeast Cherokee Construction Inc. A crane will be used to lift up precast concrete poles and position them to be driven to a depth of about 70 feet into the bedrock below the water around the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span>. The upgrades are necessary to accommodate the increased weight of the core stage along with ground support and transportation equipment aboard the modified barge Pegasus. The Ground Systems Development and Operations Program is overseeing the upgrades to the turn <span class="hlt">basin</span> wharf.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5141364-pennsylvanian-permian-tectonism-great-basin-dry-mountain-trough-related-basins','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5141364-pennsylvanian-permian-tectonism-great-basin-dry-mountain-trough-related-basins"><span>Pennsylvanian-Permian tectonism in the Great <span class="hlt">Basin</span>: The Dry Mountain trough and related <span class="hlt">basins</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Snyder, W.S.; Spinosa, C.; Gallegos, D.M.</p> <p>1991-02-01</p> <p>Pennsylvanian-Permian tectonism affected the continental margin of western North America from the Yukon to the Mojave Desert. Specific signatures of this tectonism include local angular unconformities, regional disconformities, renewed outpouring of clastic debris from a reactivated Antler and related highlands, and development of deeper water <span class="hlt">basins</span> with anoxic sediments deposited below wave base. The <span class="hlt">basins</span> formed include Ishbel trough (Canada), the Wood River <span class="hlt">basin</span> (Idaho), Cassia <span class="hlt">basin</span>, Ferguson trough, Dry Mountain trough (all Nevada), and unnamed <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Death Valley-Mojave Desert region. The Dry Mountain trough (DMT) was initiated during early Wolfcampian and received up to 1,200 m of sedimentmore » by the late Leonardian. The lower contact is a regional unconformity with the Ely Limestone, or locally with the Diamond Peak or Vinini formations. Thus, following a period of localized regional uplift that destroyed the Ely <span class="hlt">basin</span>, portions of the uplifted and exposed shelf subsided creating the Dry Mountain trough. Evidence suggesting a tectonic origin for the DMT includes (1) high subsidence rates (60-140 m/m.y.); (2) renewed influx of coarse clastic debris from the Antler highlands: (3) possible pre-Early Permian folding, thrusting, and tilting within the highlands; and (4) differential subsidence within the Dry Mountain trough, suggesting the existence of independent fault blocks.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4219/report.pdf','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4219/report.pdf"><span>Water resources in <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill deposits in the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, New Mexico</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Orr, B.R.; Myers, R.G.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>The Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, a faulted intermontane depression in south-central New Mexico, contains a thick sequence of alluvial and lacustrine deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Most of these sediments are saturated with very saline water. Freshwater supplies (dissolved solids concentration < 1000 mg/L) principally are found in alluvial fans located around the <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin. On the eastern side of the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, fresh groundwater supplies are limited to alluvial fan deposits from Grapevine Canyon to about 3 mi south of Alamogordo. Data from surface geophysical surveys indicate that about 1.4 to 2.1 million acre-ft of freshwater may be in storage in this area, not all of which is recoverable. An additional 3.6 to 5.4 million acre-ft of slightly saline water (dissolved solids concentration 1000 to 3000 mg/L) may be in storage in the same area, again not all of which is recoverable. On the western side of the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, alluvial fans in the vicinity of Rhodes Canyon may contain freshwater. Geophysical data indicate the freshwater zone may be as thick as 1500 ft in places; however, the limited number of wells in this area precludes a precise definition of the volume of freshwater in storage. To the south, freshwater is present in alluvial fans associated with the Ash Canyon drainage system. Geophysical data indicate that perhaps as much as 450,000 acre-ft of freshwater, not all recoverable, may be in storage in this area. Fan deposits between Ash Canyon and Rhodes canyon may contain additional freshwater supplies. Possibly 10.7 million acre-ft of freshwater, not all of which is recoverable, may be in storage on the western side of the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Possibly 180 million acre-ft of brine (concentrations of dissolved solids exceeding 35,000 mg/L), not all of which is recoverable, may be in storage in the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span>. Information is sparse concerning the capability of saline aquifers in the Tularosa <span class="hlt">Basin</span> to store and transmit fluid. (Author 's abstract)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007SPIE.6694E..1DC','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007SPIE.6694E..1DC"><span>Remote sensing capacity of Raman spectroscopy in identification of mineral and organic constituents</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Chen, Bin; Stoker, Carol; Cabrol, Nathalie; McKay, Christopher P.</p> <p>2007-09-01</p> <p>We present design, integration and test results for a field Raman spectrometer science payload, integrated into the Mars Analog Research and Technology (MARTE) drilling platform. During the drilling operation, the subsurface Raman spectroscopy inspection system has obtained signatures of organic and mineral compositions. We also performed ground truth studies using both this field unit and a laboratory micro Raman spectrometer equipped with multiple laser excitation wavelengths on series of field samples including Mojave rocks, Laguna Verde salty sediment and <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> topsoil. We have evaluated laser excitation conditions and optical probe designs for further improvement. We have demonstrated promising potential for Raman spectroscopy as a non-destructive in situ, high throughput, subsurface detection technique, as well as a desirable active remote sensing tool for future planetary and space missions.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6433688-gulf-rtr-oil-sands-extraction-process-gulf-rio-tinto-til-holding','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6433688-gulf-rtr-oil-sands-extraction-process-gulf-rio-tinto-til-holding"><span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Logan, A.; Devenny, D.; Porcari, G.</p> <p></p> <p>The activities carried out and the results obtained from a 15 tons/hour oil sands extraction pilot plant operated in Fort McMurray in Northern Alberta are described. The process is the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> <span class="hlt">Tinto</span> TIL Holding S.A. (RTR)/Gulf Canada Lt. Oil Sands Extraction Process. It is a modified hot water extraction process. It is used to extract bitumen from Athabasca oil sands. The test ran from July to December 1981 through ambient conditions ranging from plus 38/sup 0/C to minus 30/sup 0/C (100/sup 0/F to -22/sup 0/F). The process, the on-site facilities, the test program, an analysis of plant performance, an appraisalmore » of the process economics, and an evaluation of its potential application are described.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012EGUGA..14.3115S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012EGUGA..14.3115S"><span><span class="hlt">Basin</span> Analysis and Petroleum System Characterisation of Western Bredasdorp <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Southern Offshore of South Africa: Insights from a 3d Crust-Scale <span class="hlt">Basin</span> Model - (Phase 1)</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sonibare, W. A.; Scheck-Wenderoth, M.; Sippel, J.; Mikeš, D.</p> <p>2012-04-01</p> <p>In recent years, construction of 3D geological models and their subsequent upscaling for reservoir simulation has become an important tool within the oil industry for managing hydrocarbon reservoirs and increasing recovery rate. Incorporating petroleum system elements (i.e. source, reservoir and trap) into these models is a relatively new concept that seems very promising to play/prospect risk assessment and reservoir characterisation alike. However, yet to be fully integrated into this multi-disciplinary modelling approach are the qualitative and quantitative impacts of crust-scale <span class="hlt">basin</span> dynamics on the observed <span class="hlt">basin</span>-fill architecture and geometries. The focus of this study i.e. Western Bredasdorp <span class="hlt">Basin</span> constitutes the extreme western section of the larger Bredasdorp sub-<span class="hlt">basin</span>, which is the westernmost depocentre of the four southern Africa offshore sub-<span class="hlt">basins</span> (others being Pletmos, Gamtoos and Algoa). These <span class="hlt">basins</span>, which appear to be initiated by volcanically influenced continental rifting and break-up related to passive margin evolution (during the Mid-Late Jurassic to latest Valanginian), remain previously unstudied for crust-scale <span class="hlt">basin</span> margin evolution, and particularly in terms of relating deep crustal processes to depo-system reconstruction and petroleum system evolution. Seismic interpretation of 42 2D seismic-reflection profiles forms the basis for maps of 6 stratigraphic horizons which record the syn-rift to post-rift (i.e. early drift and late drift to present-day seafloor) successions. In addition to this established seismic markers, high quality seismic profiles have shown evidence for a pre-rift sequence (i.e. older than Late Jurassic >130 Ma). The first goal of this study is the construction of a 3D gravity-constrained, crust-scale <span class="hlt">basin</span> model from integration of seismics, well data and cores. This <span class="hlt">basin</span> model is constructed using GMS (in-house GFZ Geo-Modelling Software) while testing its consistency with the gravity field is performed using IGMAS</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16227080','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16227080"><span>Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and its U.S. tributaries: spatial and temporal trends.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Schmitt, Christopher J; Hinck, Jo Ellen; Blazer, Vicki S; Denslow, Nancy D; Dethloff, Gail M; Bartish, Timothy M; Coyle, James J; Tillitt, Donald E</p> <p>2005-11-01</p> <p>We collected, examined, and analyzed 368 fish of seven species from 10 sites on rivers of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (RGB) during late 1997 and early 1998 to document temporal and geographic trends in the concentrations of accumulative contaminants and to assess contaminant effects on the fish. Sites were located on the mainstem of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and on the Arroyo Colorado and Pecos River in Texas (TX), New Mexico (NM), and Colorado. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were the targeted species. Fish were examined in the field for internal and external visible gross lesions, selected organs were weighed to compute ponderal and organosomatic indices, and samples of tissues and fluids were obtained and preserved for analysis of fish health and reproductive biomarkers. Whole fish from each station were composited by species and gender and analyzed for organochlorine chemical residues and elemental contaminants using instrumental methods, and for 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin-like activity (TCDD-EQ) using the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay. Overall, fish from lower RGB stations contained greater concentrations of organochlorine pesticide residues and appeared to be less healthy than those from sites in the central and upper parts of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, as indicated by a general gradient of residue concentrations and biomarker responses. A minimal number of altered biomarkers and few or no elevated contaminant concentrations were noted in fish from the upper RGB. The exception was elevated concentrations [up to 0.46 microg/g wet-weight (ww)] of total mercury (Hg) in predatory species from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Elephant Butte Reservoir, NM, a condition documented in previous studies. Arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) concentrations were greatest in fish from sites in the central RGB; Se concentrations in fish from the Pecos River at Red Bluff Lake, TX and from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Langtry, TX and Amistad International Reservoir, TX exceeded</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70027645','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70027645"><span>Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and its U.S. tributaries: Spatial and temporal trends</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Schmitt, C.J.; Hinck, J.E.; Blazer, V.S.; Denslow, N.D.; Dethloff, G.M.; Bartish, T.M.; Coyle, J.J.; Tillitt, D.E.</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>We collected, examined, and analyzed 368 fish of seven species from 10 sites on rivers of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (RGB) during late 1997 and early 1998 to document temporal and geographic trends in the concentrations of accumulative contaminants and to assess contaminant effects on the fish. Sites were located on the mainstem of the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande and on the Arroyo Colorado and Pecos River in Texas (TX), New Mexico (NM), and Colorado. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were the targeted species. Fish were examined in the field for internal and external visible gross lesions, selected organs were weighed to compute ponderal and organosomatic indices, and samples of tissues and fluids were obtained and preserved for analysis of fish health and reproductive biomarkers. Whole fish from each station were composited by species and gender and analyzed for organochlorine chemical residues and elemental contaminants using instrumental methods, and for 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin-like activity (TCDD-EQ) using the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay. Overall, fish from lower RGB stations contained greater concentrations of organochlorine pesticide residues and appeared to be less healthy than those from sites in the central and upper parts of the <span class="hlt">basin</span>, as indicated by a general gradient of residue concentrations and biomarker responses. A minimal number of altered biomarkers and few or no elevated contaminant concentrations were noted in fish from the upper RGB. The exception was elevated concentrations [up to 0.46 ??g/g wet-weight (ww)] of total mercury (Hg) in predatory species from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Elephant Butte Reservoir, NM, a condition documented in previous studies. Arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) concentrations were greatest in fish from sites in the central RGB; Se concentrations in fish from the Pecos River at Red Bluff Lake, TX and from the <span class="hlt">Rio</span> Grande at Langtry, TX and Amistad International Reservoir, TX exceeded published</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002EGSGA..27.5240L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002EGSGA..27.5240L"><span>Comparing The North-east German <span class="hlt">Basin</span> With The Polish <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Influenced By Major Crustal Fractures</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lamarche, J.; Scheck, M.; Otto, V.; Bayer, U.; Lewerenz, B.</p> <p></p> <p>The North-East German <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (NEGB) and the Polish <span class="hlt">Basin</span> (PB) are two intraplate sedimentary <span class="hlt">basins</span> in Central Europe, the development of which was controlled by deep crustal structures: the Elbe Fault System and the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone, re- spectively. 3D structural models performed separately for each <span class="hlt">basin</span> led to indepen- dent interpretations showing major similarities, but also significant differences. The outlook of the comparison between the NEGB and the PB is to lead to a joined 3D structural model, which allows reconstructing the synthetic geodynamic evolution of the area. The NEGB and PB are NW-SE-oriented. Both were initiated during Late Carboniferous and Lower Permian, when the post-Variscan rifting affected the com- posite Palaeozoic basement of Central Europe. During Triassic to Cretaceous times, both <span class="hlt">basins</span> evolved due to thermal subsidence and pulses of tectonic subsidence. At the end of Cretaceous, the <span class="hlt">basins</span> were tectonically inverted. The sedimentary succes- sions of the NEGB and PB are comparable. Particularly, the Zechstein salt induced comparable sedimentary structures and provided a decoupling level between pre- and post-Zechstein rocks during the Late Cretaceous tectonic inversion in both <span class="hlt">basins</span>. At the crustal scale, both <span class="hlt">basins</span> are presently limited to the SW by the NW-SE-oriented Elbe Fault System, that correlates with a positive gravity anomaly. Finally, both <span class="hlt">basins</span> show a N-S differentiation regarding the detailed subsidence history, the structural set- ting and the salt pattern. In spite of the very similar tectonic evolution of the NEGB and the PB, their large-scale geometry and inversion-related structures are different. The NEGB is asymmetric with a shallow northern slope and a steep bounding fault at the SW margin (Elbe Fault System). In the NEGB, the Late Cretaceous tectonic inversion resulted in asymmetric uplift of the SW' border along the Elbe Fault Sys- tem, and in decreasing deformation in the cover towards North. In</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Tectp.726....1S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Tectp.726....1S"><span>Crustal characteristic variation in the central Yamato <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, Japan Sea back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span>, deduced from seismic survey results</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Sato, Takeshi; No, Tetsuo; Miura, Seiichi; Kodaira, Shuichi</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>The crustal structure of the Yamato Bank, the central Yamato <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, and the continental shelf in the southern Japan Sea back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> is obtained based on a seismic survey using ocean bottom seismographs and seismic shot to elucidate the back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> formation processes. The central Yamato <span class="hlt">Basin</span> can be divided into three domains based on the crustal structure: the deep <span class="hlt">basin</span>, the seamount, and the transition domains. In the deep <span class="hlt">basin</span> domain, the crust without the sedimentary layer is about 12-13 km thick. Very few units have P-wave velocity of 5.4-6.0 km/s, which corresponds to the continental upper crust. In the seamount and transition domains, the crust without the sedimentary layer is about 12-16 km thick. The P-wave velocities of the upper and lower crusts differs among the deep <span class="hlt">basin</span>, the seamount, and the transition domains. These results indicate that the central Yamato <span class="hlt">Basin</span> displays crustal variability in different domains. The crust of the deep <span class="hlt">basin</span> domain is oceanic in nature and suggests advanced back-arc <span class="hlt">basin</span> development. The seamount domain might have been affected by volcanic activity after <span class="hlt">basin</span> opening. In the transition domain, the crust comprises mixed characters of continental and oceanic crust. This crustal variation might represent the influence of different processes in the central Yamato <span class="hlt">Basin</span>, suggesting that crustal development was influenced not only by back-arc opening processes but also by later volcanic activity. In the Yamato Bank and continental shelf, the upper crust has thickness of about 17-18 km and P-wave velocities of 3.3-4.1 to 6.6 km/s. The Yamato Bank and the continental shelf suggest a continental crustal character.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_25 --> <div class="footer-extlink text-muted" style="margin-bottom:1rem; text-align:center;">Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. 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