42 CFR 24.8 - Applicability of provisions of Title 5, U.S. Code.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Applicability of provisions of Title 5, U.S. Code. 24.8 Section 24.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PERSONNEL SENIOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH SERVICE § 24.8 Applicability of provisions of Title 5, U.S. Code. (a...

Overcoming Codes and Standards Barriers to Innovations in Building Energy Efficiency

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cole, Pamala C.; Gilbride, Theresa L.

2015-02-15

In this journal article, the authors discuss approaches to overcoming building code barriers to energy-efficiency innovations in home construction. Building codes have been a highly motivational force for increasing the energy efficiency of new homes in the United States in recent years. But as quickly as the codes seem to be changing, new products are coming to the market at an even more rapid pace, sometimes offering approaches and construction techniques unthought of when the current code was first proposed, which might have been several years before its adoption by various jurisdictions. Due to this delay, the codes themselves canmore » become barriers to innovations that might otherwise be helping to further increase the efficiency, comfort, health or durability of new homes. . The U.S. Department of Energy’s Building America, a program dedicated to improving the energy efficiency of America’s housing stock through research and education, is working with the U.S. housing industry through its research teams to help builders identify and remove code barriers to innovation in the home construction industry. The article addresses several approaches that builders use to achieve approval for innovative building techniques when code barriers appear to exist.« less

RACE, CODE OF THE STREET, AND VIOLENT DELINQUENCY: A MULTILEVEL INVESTIGATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD STREET CULTURE AND INDIVIDUAL NORMS OF VIOLENCE*

PubMed Central

Stewart, Eric A.; Simons, Ronald L.

2011-01-01

The study outlined in this article drew on Elijah Anderson’s (1999) code of the street perspective to examine the impact of neighborhood street culture on violent delinquency. Using data from more than 700 African American adolescents, we examined 1) whether neighborhood street culture predicts adolescent violence above and beyond an adolescent’s own street code values and 2) whether neighborhood street culture moderates individual-level street code values on adolescent violence. Consistent with Anderson’s hypotheses, neighborhood street culture significantly predicts violent delinquency independent of individual-level street code effects. Additionally, neighborhood street culture moderates individual-level street code values on violence in neighborhoods where the street culture is widespread. In particular, the effect of street code values on violence is enhanced in neighborhoods where the street culture is endorsed widely. PMID:21666759

Development and verification of NRC`s single-rod fuel performance codes FRAPCON-3 AND FRAPTRAN

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beyer, C.E.; Cunningham, M.E.; Lanning, D.D.

1998-03-01

The FRAPCON and FRAP-T code series, developed in the 1970s and early 1980s, are used by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to predict fuel performance during steady-state and transient power conditions, respectively. Both code series are now being updated by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to improve their predictive capabilities at high burnup levels. The newest versions of the codes are called FRAPCON-3 and FRAPTRAN. The updates to fuel property and behavior models are focusing on providing best estimate predictions under steady-state and fast transient power conditions up to extended fuel burnups (> 55 GWd/MTU). Both codes will be assessedmore » against a data base independent of the data base used for code benchmarking and an estimate of code predictive uncertainties will be made based on comparisons to the benchmark and independent data bases.« less

User's Guide for RESRAD-OFFSITE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gnanapragasam, E.; Yu, C.

2015-04-01

The RESRAD-OFFSITE code can be used to model the radiological dose or risk to an offsite receptor. This User’s Guide for RESRAD-OFFSITE Version 3.1 is an update of the User’s Guide for RESRAD-OFFSITE Version 2 contained in the Appendix A of the User’s Manual for RESRAD-OFFSITE Version 2 (ANL/EVS/TM/07-1, DOE/HS-0005, NUREG/CR-6937). This user’s guide presents the basic information necessary to use Version 3.1 of the code. It also points to the help file and other documents that provide more detailed information about the inputs, the input forms and features/tools in the code; two of the features (overriding the source termmore » and computing area factors) are discussed in the appendices to this guide. Section 2 describes how to download and install the code and then verify the installation of the code. Section 3 shows ways to navigate through the input screens to simulate various exposure scenarios and to view the results in graphics and text reports. Section 4 has screen shots of each input form in the code and provides basic information about each parameter to increase the user’s understanding of the code. Section 5 outlines the contents of all the text reports and the graphical output. It also describes the commands in the two output viewers. Section 6 deals with the probabilistic and sensitivity analysis tools available in the code. Section 7 details the various ways of obtaining help in the code.« less

Novel variants of the 5S rRNA genes in Eruca sativa.

PubMed

Singh, K; Bhatia, S; Lakshmikumaran, M

1994-02-01

The 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of Eruca sativa were cloned and characterized. They are organized into clusters of tandemly repeated units. Each repeat unit consists of a 119-bp coding region followed by a noncoding spacer region that separates it from the coding region of the next repeat unit. Our study reports novel gene variants of the 5S rRNA genes in plants. Two families of the 5S rDNA, the 0.5-kb size family and the 1-kb size family, coexist in the E. sativa genome. The 0.5-kb size family consists of the 5S rRNA genes (S4) that have coding regions similar to those of other reported plant 5S rDNA sequences, whereas the 1-kb size family consists of the 5S rRNA gene variants (S1) that exist as 1-kb BamHI tandem repeats. S1 is made up of two variant units (V1 and V2) of 5S rDNA where the BamHI site between the two units is mutated. Sequence heterogeneity among S4, V1, and V2 units exists throughout the sequence and is not limited to the noncoding spacer region only. The coding regions of V1 and V2 show approximately 20% dissimilarity to the coding regions of S4 and other reported plant 5S rDNA sequences. Such a large variation in the coding regions of the 5S rDNA units within the same plant species has been observed for the first time. Restriction site variation is observed between the two size classes of 5S rDNA in E. sativa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Methodology for Evaluating Cost-effectiveness of Commercial Energy Code Changes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hart, Philip R.; Liu, Bing

This document lays out the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) method for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of energy code proposals and editions. The evaluation is applied to provisions or editions of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 90.1 and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). The method follows standard life-cycle cost (LCC) economic analysis procedures. Cost-effectiveness evaluation requires three steps: 1) evaluating the energy and energy cost savings of code changes, 2) evaluating the incremental and replacement costs related to the changes, and 3) determining the cost-effectiveness of energy code changes based on those costs andmore » savings over time.« less

VICTORIA: A mechanistic model for radionuclide behavior in the reactor coolant system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schaperow, J.H.; Bixler, N.E.

1996-12-31

VICTORIA is the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s (NRC`s) mechanistic, best-estimate code for analysis of fission product release from the core and subsequent transport in the reactor vessel and reactor coolant system. VICTORIA requires thermal-hydraulic data (i.e., temperatures, pressures, and velocities) as input. In the past, these data have been taken from the results of calculations from thermal-hydraulic codes such as SCDAP/RELAP5, MELCOR, and MAAP. Validation and assessment of VICTORIA 1.0 have been completed. An independent peer review of VICTORIA, directed by Brookhaven National Laboratory and supported by experts in the areas of fuel release, fission product chemistry, and aerosol physics,more » has been undertaken. This peer review, which will independently assess the code`s capabilities, is nearing completion with the peer review committee`s final report expected in Dec 1996. A limited amount of additional development is expected as a result of the peer review. Following this additional development, the NRC plans to release VICTORIA 1.1 and an updated and improved code manual. Future plans mainly involve use of the code for plant calculations to investigate specific safety issues as they arise. Also, the code will continue to be used in support of the Phebus experiments.« less

Optical LDPC decoders for beyond 100 Gbits/s optical transmission.

PubMed

Djordjevic, Ivan B; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting

2009-05-01

We present an optical low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder suitable for implementation above 100 Gbits/s, which provides large coding gains when based on large-girth LDPC codes. We show that a basic building block, the probabilities multiplier circuit, can be implemented using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and we propose corresponding probabilistic-domain sum-product algorithm (SPA). We perform simulations of a fully parallel implementation employing girth-10 LDPC codes and proposed SPA. The girth-10 LDPC(24015,19212) code of the rate of 0.8 outperforms the BCH(128,113)xBCH(256,239) turbo-product code of the rate of 0.82 by 0.91 dB (for binary phase-shift keying at 100 Gbits/s and a bit error rate of 10(-9)), and provides a net effective coding gain of 10.09 dB.

Associations Between Thematic Content and Industry Self-Regulation Code Violations in Beer Advertising Broadcast During the U.S. NCAA Basketball Tournament.

PubMed

Noel, Jonathan K; Xuan, Ziming; Babor, Thomas F

2017-07-03

Beer marketing in the United States is controlled through self-regulation, whereby the beer industry has created a marketing code and enforces its use. We performed a thematic content analysis on beer ads broadcast during a U.S. college athletic event and determined which themes are associated with violations of a self-regulated alcohol marketing code. 289 beer ads broadcast during the U.S. NCAA Men's and Women's 1999-2008 basketball tournaments were assessed for the presence of 23 thematic content areas. Associations between themes and violations of the U.S. Beer Institute's Marketing and Advertising Code were determined using generalized linear models. Humor (61.3%), taste (61.0%), masculinity (49.2%), and enjoyment (36.5%) were the most prevalent content areas. Nine content areas (i.e., conformity, ethnicity, sensation seeking, sociability, romance, special occasions, text responsibility messages, tradition, and individuality) were positively associated with code violations (p < 0.001-0.042). There were significantly more content areas positively associated with code violations than content areas negatively associated with code violations (p < 0.001). Several thematic content areas were positively associated with code violations. The results can inform existing efforts to revise self-regulated alcohol marketing codes to ensure better protection of vulnerable populations. The use of several themes is concerning in relation to adolescent alcohol use and health disparities.

MIFT: GIFT Combinatorial Geometry Input to VCS Code

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-03-01

r-w w-^ H ^ß0318is CQ BRL °RCUMr REPORT NO. 1967 —-S: ... MIFT: GIFT COMBINATORIAL GEOMETRY INPUT TO VCS CODE Albert E...TITLE (and Subtitle) MIFT: GIFT Combinatorial Geometry Input to VCS Code S. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED FINAL 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER...Vehicle Code System (VCS) called MORSE was modified to accept the GIFT combinatorial geometry package. GIFT , as opposed to the geometry package

Guide to AERO2S and WINGDES Computer Codes for Prediction and Minimization of Drag Due to Lift

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carlson, Harry W.; Chu, Julio; Ozoroski, Lori P.; McCullers, L. Arnold

1997-01-01

The computer codes, AER02S and WINGDES, are now widely used for the analysis and design of airplane lifting surfaces under conditions that tend to induce flow separation. These codes have undergone continued development to provide additional capabilities since the introduction of the original versions over a decade ago. This code development has been reported in a variety of publications (NASA technical papers, NASA contractor reports, and society journals). Some modifications have not been publicized at all. Users of these codes have suggested the desirability of combining in a single document the descriptions of the code development, an outline of the features of each code, and suggestions for effective code usage. This report is intended to supply that need.

Methodology, status, and plans for development and assessment of the RELAP5 code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, G.W.; Riemke, R.A.

1997-07-01

RELAP/MOD3 is a computer code used for the simulation of transients and accidents in light-water nuclear power plants. The objective of the program to develop and maintain RELAP5 was and is to provide the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission with an independent tool for assessing reactor safety. This paper describes code requirements, models, solution scheme, language and structure, user interface validation, and documentation. The paper also describes the current and near term development program and provides an assessment of the code`s strengths and limitations.

The Educational and Moral Significance of the American Chemical Society's The Chemist's Code of Conduct

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruton, Samuel V.

2003-05-01

While the usefulness of the case study method in teaching research ethics is frequently emphasized, less often noted is the educational value of professional codes of ethics. Much can be gained by having students examine codes and reflect on their significance. This paper argues that codes such as the American Chemical Society‘s The Chemist‘s Code of Conduct are an important supplement to the use of cases and describes one way in which they can be integrated profitably into a class discussion of research ethics.

Codes of environmental management practice: Assessing their potential as a tool for change

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nash, J.; Ehrenfeld, J.

1997-12-31

Codes of environmental management practice emerged as a tool of environmental policy in the late 1980s. Industry and other groups have developed codes for two purposes: to change the environmental behavior of participating firms and to increase public confidence in industry`s commitment to environmental protection. This review examines five codes of environmental management practice: Responsible Care, the International Chamber of Commerce`s Business Charter for Sustainable Development, ISO 14000, the CERES Principles, and The Natural Step. The first three codes have been drafted and promoted primarily by industry; the others have been developed by non-industry groups. These codes have spurred participatingmore » firms to introduce new practices, including the institution of environmental management systems, public environmental reporting, and community advisory panels. The extent to which codes are introducing a process of cultural change is considered in terms of four dimensions: new consciousness, norms, organization, and tools. 94 refs., 3 tabs.« less

Multiple trellis coded modulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Marvin K. (Inventor); Divsalar, Dariush (Inventor)

1990-01-01

A technique for designing trellis codes to minimize bit error performance for a fading channel. The invention provides a criteria which may be used in the design of such codes which is significantly different from that used for average white Gaussian noise channels. The method of multiple trellis coded modulation of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) coding b bits of input data into s intermediate outputs; (b) grouping said s intermediate outputs into k groups of s.sub.i intermediate outputs each where the summation of all s.sub.i,s is equal to s and k is equal to at least 2; (c) mapping each of said k groups of intermediate outputs into one of a plurality of symbols in accordance with a plurality of modulation schemes, one for each group such that the first group is mapped in accordance with a first modulation scheme and the second group is mapped in accordance with a second modulation scheme; and (d) outputting each of said symbols to provide k output symbols for each b bits of input data.

Performance of automated and manual coding systems for occupational data: a case study of historical records.

PubMed

Patel, Mehul D; Rose, Kathryn M; Owens, Cindy R; Bang, Heejung; Kaufman, Jay S

2012-03-01

Occupational data are a common source of workplace exposure and socioeconomic information in epidemiologic research. We compared the performance of two occupation coding methods, an automated software and a manual coder, using occupation and industry titles from U.S. historical records. We collected parental occupational data from 1920-40s birth certificates, Census records, and city directories on 3,135 deceased individuals in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Unique occupation-industry narratives were assigned codes by a manual coder and the Standardized Occupation and Industry Coding software program. We calculated agreement between coding methods of classification into major Census occupational groups. Automated coding software assigned codes to 71% of occupations and 76% of industries. Of this subset coded by software, 73% of occupation codes and 69% of industry codes matched between automated and manual coding. For major occupational groups, agreement improved to 89% (kappa = 0.86). Automated occupational coding is a cost-efficient alternative to manual coding. However, some manual coding is required to code incomplete information. We found substantial variability between coders in the assignment of occupations although not as large for major groups.

Optical network security using unipolar Walsh code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sikder, Somali; Sarkar, Madhumita; Ghosh, Shila

2018-04-01

Optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) is considered as a good technique to provide optical layer security. Many research works have been published to enhance optical network security by using optical signal processing. The paper, demonstrates the design of the AWG (arrayed waveguide grating) router-based optical network for spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC) OCDMA networks with Walsh Code to design a reconfigurable network codec by changing signature codes to against eavesdropping. In this paper we proposed a code reconfiguration scheme to improve the network access confidentiality changing the signature codes by cyclic rotations, for OCDMA system. Each of the OCDMA network users is assigned a unique signature code to transmit the information and at the receiving end each receiver correlates its own signature pattern a(n) with the receiving pattern s(n). The signal arriving at proper destination leads to s(n)=a(n).

[The design and experiment of complementary S coding matrix based on digital micromirror spectrometer].

PubMed

Zhang, Zhi-Hai; Gao, Ling-Xiao; Guo, Yuan-Jun; Wang, Wei; Mo, Xiang-Xia

2012-12-01

The template selection is essential in the application of digital micromirror spectrometer. The best theoretical coding H-matrix is not widely used due to acyclic, complex coding and difficult achievement. The noise ratio of best practical S-matrix for improvement is slightly inferior to matrix H. So we designed a new type complementary S-matrix. Through studying its noise improvement theory, the algorithm is proved to have the advantages of both H-matrix and S-matrix. The experiments proved that the SNR can be increased 2.05 times than S-template.

26 CFR 1.6042-3 - Dividends subject to reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... documentation of foreign status and definition of U.S. payor and non-U.S. payor) shall apply. The provisions of... the Internal Revenue Code (Code). (iv) Distributions or payments from sources outside the United States (as determined under the provisions of part I, subchapter N, chapter 1 of the Code and the...

48 CFR Appendix D to Chapter 7 - Direct USAID Contracts With a U.S. Citizen or a U.S. Resident Alien for Personal Services Abroad

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Government employees for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the United States Code) and are... of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the...

48 CFR Appendix D to Chapter 7 - Direct USAID Contracts With a U.S. Citizen or a U.S. Resident Alien for Personal Services Abroad

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Government employees for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the United States Code) and are... of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the...

48 CFR Appendix D to Chapter 7 - Direct USAID Contracts With a U.S. Citizen or a U.S. Resident Alien for Personal Services Abroad

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Government employees for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the United States Code) and are... of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26 of the...

30 CFR 905.773 - Requirements for permits and permit processing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq California Air Pollution Control Laws, Cal. Health & Safety Code section 39000... (11) Noise Control Act, 42 U.S.C. 4903 California Noise Control Act of 1973, Cal. Health & Safety Code... Pollution Control Laws, Cal. Health & Safety Code section 39000 et seq.; the Hazardous Waste Control Law...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE (UA-D-6.0)

EPA Science Inventory

This purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for the Descriptive Questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed for use in the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; descriptive questionnaire.

The U.S.-Mexico Border Program is sponso...

Command History for 1989.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

13 Bart Kuhn, GM-14 Samantha K. Maddox , GS-04 Mike Nakada, GM- 13 John Wolfe, GM-14 Reynaldo I. Monzon, GS- 12 Jose G. Suarez, GS- 11 19 Product...1410-09 GS-334-09 Janice Whiting Procurement Clerk Code 21 GS-1106-05 Separations Samantha Maddox Hoa T. Lu Supply Clerk Computer Specialist Code 21...Jennifer Thorp Royal S. Magnus Student Aide Personnel Research Psychologist Code 23 Code 12 GW-322-03 GS-180-11 Linda L. Turnmire Yvonne S. Baker Computer

LDPC-coded orbital angular momentum (OAM) modulation for free-space optical communication.

PubMed

Djordjevic, Ivan B; Arabaci, Murat

2010-11-22

An orbital angular momentum (OAM) based LDPC-coded modulation scheme suitable for use in FSO communication is proposed. We demonstrate that the proposed scheme can operate under strong atmospheric turbulence regime and enable 100 Gb/s optical transmission while employing 10 Gb/s components. Both binary and nonbinary LDPC-coded OAM modulations are studied. In addition to providing better BER performance, the nonbinary LDPC-coded modulation reduces overall decoder complexity and latency. The nonbinary LDPC-coded OAM modulation provides a net coding gain of 9.3 dB at the BER of 10(-8). The maximum-ratio combining scheme outperforms the corresponding equal-gain combining scheme by almost 2.5 dB.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

This document contains the State Building Energy Codes Status prepared by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830 and dated September 1996. The U.S. Department of Energy`s Office of Codes and Standards has developed this document to provide an information resource for individuals interested in energy efficiency of buildings and the relevant building energy codes in each state and U.S. territory. This is considered to be an evolving document and will be updated twice a year. In addition, special state updates will be issued as warranted.

Simulated Assessment of Interference Effects in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) QPSK Receiver

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

bit error rate BPSK binary phase shift keying CDMA code division multiple access CSI comb spectrum interference CW continuous wave DPSK differential... CDMA ) and GPS systems which is a Gold code. This code is generated by a modulo-2 operation between two different preferred m-sequences. The preferred m...10 SNR Sim (dB) S N R O ut ( dB ) SNR RF SNR DS Figure 3.26: Comparison of input S NRS im and S NROut of the band-pass RF filter (S NRRF) and

Spread Spectrum Visual Sensor Network Resource Management Using an End-to-End Cross-Layer Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-02-01

Coding In this work, we use rate compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes for channel coding [11]. Using RCPC codes al- lows us to utilize Viterbi’s...11] J. Hagenauer, “ Rate - compatible punctured convolutional codes (RCPC codes ) and their applications,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 389...source coding rate , a channel coding rate , and a power level to all nodes in the

Azerbaijani-Russian Code-Switching and Code-Mixing: Form, Function, and Identity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zuercher, Kenneth

2009-01-01

From incorporation into the Russian Empire in 1828, through the collapse of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 governmental language policies and other socio/political forces influenced the Turkic population of the Republic of Azerbaijan to speak Russian. Even with changes since independence Russian use--including various kinds of code-switching and…

Status of Metric Conversion A Survey of U.S. Standards Writing Organizations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-05-01

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . 7...to and consistent with metrication of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . The Electrical Apparatus Service Association is a trade asso- ciation...metrication of TEMA Standards will be compatible to and consistent with metrication of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . TEMA’s metrication

Validation of the Electromagnetic Code FACETS for Numerical Simulation of Radar Target Images

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

Validation of the electromagnetic code FACETS for numerical simulation of radar target images S. Wong...Validation of the electromagnetic code FACETS for numerical simulation of radar target images S. Wong DRDC Ottawa...for simulating radar images of a target is obtained, through direct simulation-to-measurement comparisons. A 3-dimensional computer-aided design

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: TECHNICIAN WALK-THROUGH QUESTIONNAIRE (UA-D-35.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for the Technician Walk-Through Questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed for use during the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; technician walk-through questionnaire.

The U.S.-Mexi...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: DIET DIARY QUESTIONNAIRE (UA-D-43.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for the Diet Diary Questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed for use during the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; diet diary questionnaire.

The U.S.-Mexico Border Program is spon...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: QUESTIONNAIRE FEEDBACK FORM (UA-D-46.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to describe the coding strategy for the Questionnaire Feedback form. This Questionnaire Feedback form was developed for use during the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; questionnaire feedback form.

The U.S.-Mexico B...

Knowledge and Processes in Design

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-03

Orqanization Name(s) and Address(es). Self-explanatory. Block 16. Price Code. Enter approoriate price Block 8. Performing Organization Report code...NTIS on/y). Number. Enter the unique alphanumerc report number(s) assigned by the organization periorming the report. Blocks 17.-19...statement codings were then organized into larger control-flow structures centered around design components called modules. The general assumption was

High performance and cost effective CO-OFDM system aided by polar code.

PubMed

Liu, Ling; Xiao, Shilin; Fang, Jiafei; Zhang, Lu; Zhang, Yunhao; Bi, Meihua; Hu, Weisheng

2017-02-06

A novel polar coded coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system is proposed and demonstrated through experiment for the first time. The principle of a polar coded CO-OFDM signal is illustrated theoretically and the suitable polar decoding method is discussed. Results show that the polar coded CO-OFDM signal achieves a net coding gain (NCG) of more than 10 dB at bit error rate (BER) of 10^-3 over 25-Gb/s 480-km transmission in comparison with conventional CO-OFDM. Also, compared to the 25-Gb/s low-density parity-check (LDPC) coded CO-OFDM 160-km system, the polar code provides a NCG of 0.88 dB @BER = 10^-3. Moreover, the polar code can relieve the laser linewidth requirement massively to get a more cost-effective CO-OFDM system.

Schroedinger’s code: Source code availability and transparency in astrophysics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryan, PW; Allen, Alice; Teuben, Peter

2018-01-01

Astronomers use software for their research, but how many of the codes they use are available as source code? We examined a sample of 166 papers from 2015 for clearly identified software use, then searched for source code for the software packages mentioned in these research papers. We categorized the software to indicate whether source code is available for download and whether there are restrictions to accessing it, and if source code was not available, whether some other form of the software, such as a binary, was. Over 40% of the source code for the software used in our sample was not available for download.As URLs have often been used as proxy citations for software, we also extracted URLs from one journal’s 2015 research articles, removed those from certain long-term, reliable domains, and tested the remainder to determine what percentage of these URLs were still accessible in September and October, 2017.

Performance Enhancement by Threshold Level Control of a Receiver in WDM-PON System with Manchester Coded Downstream and NRZ Upstream Re-Modulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Bong Kyu; Chung, Hwan Seok; Chang, Sun Hyok; Park, Sangjo

We propose and demonstrate a scheme enhancing the performance of optical access networks with Manchester coded downstream and re-modulated NRZ coded upstream. It is achieved by threshold level control of a limiting amplifier at a receiver, and the minimum sensitivity of upstream is significantly improved for the re-modulation scheme with 5Gb/s Manchester coded downstream and 2.488Gb/s NRZ upstream data rates.

Extensions and improvements on XTRAN3S

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borland, C. J.

1989-01-01

Improvements to the XTRAN3S computer program are summarized. Work on this code, for steady and unsteady aerodynamic and aeroelastic analysis in the transonic flow regime has concentrated on the following areas: (1) Maintenance of the XTRAN3S code, including correction of errors, enhancement of operational capability, and installation on the Cray X-MP system; (2) Extension of the vectorization concepts in XTRAN3S to include additional areas of the code for improved execution speed; (3) Modification of the XTRAN3S algorithm for improved numerical stability for swept, tapered wing cases and improved computational efficiency; and (4) Extension of the wing-only version of XTRAN3S to include pylon and nacelle or external store capability.

17 CFR 232.106 - Prohibition against electronic submissions containing executable code.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... executable code will be suspended, unless the executable code is contained only in one or more PDF documents, in which case the submission will be accepted but the PDF document(s) containing executable code will...

Fully-Implicit Navier-Stokes (FIN-S)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kirk, Benjamin S.

2010-01-01

FIN-S is a SUPG finite element code for flow problems under active development at NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center and within PECOS: a) The code is built on top of the libMesh parallel, adaptive finite element library. b) The initial implementation of the code targeted supersonic/hypersonic laminar calorically perfect gas flows & conjugate heat transfer. c) Initial extension to thermochemical nonequilibrium about 9 months ago. d) The technologies in FIN-S have been enhanced through a strongly collaborative research effort with Sandia National Labs.

Dynamic quality of service differentiation using fixed code weight in optical CDMA networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kakaee, Majid H.; Essa, Shawnim I.; Abd, Thanaa H.; Seyedzadeh, Saleh

2015-11-01

The emergence of network-driven applications, such as internet, video conferencing, and online gaming, brings in the need for a network the environments with capability of providing diverse Quality of Services (QoS). In this paper, a new code family of novel spreading sequences, called a Multi-Service (MS) code, has been constructed to support multiple services in Optical- Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system. The proposed method uses fixed weight for all services, however reducing the interfering codewords for the users requiring higher QoS. The performance of the proposed code is demonstrated using mathematical analysis. It shown that the total number of served users with satisfactory BER of 10-9 using NB=2 is 82, while they are only 36 and 10 when NB=3 and 4 respectively. The developed MS code is compared with variable-weight codes such as Variable Weight-Khazani Syed (VW-KS) and Multi-Weight-Random Diagonal (MW-RD). Different numbers of basic users (NB) are used to support triple-play services (audio, data and video) with different QoS requirements. Furthermore, reference to the BER of 10-12, 10-9, and 10-3 for video, data and audio, respectively, the system can support up to 45 total users. Hence, results show that the technique can clearly provide a relative QoS differentiation with lower value of basic users can support larger number of subscribers as well as better performance in terms of acceptable BER of 10-9 at fixed code weight.

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: ARIZONA LAB DATA (UA-D-13.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for Arizona Lab Data. This strategy was developed for use in the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; lab data forms.

The U.S.-Mexico Border Program is sponsored by the Environmental Healt...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR GLOBAL CODING FOR SCANNED FORMS (UA-D-31.1)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the strategy for the global coding of scanned forms. This procedure applies to the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: Coding; scannable forms.

The U.S.-Mexico Border Program is sponsored by the Environmental Health Workg...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: FOOD DIARY FOLLOW UP (UA-D-10.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for the Food Diary Follow Up Questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed for use in the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: data; coding; food diary follow up questionnaire.

The U.S.-Mexico Border ...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR CODING: TIME DIARY AND ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE (UA-D-9.0)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this SOP is to define the coding strategy for the Time Diary and Activity Questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed for use in the Arizona NHEXAS project and the Border study. Keywords: Data; Coding; Time Diary and Activity Questionnaire.

The U.S.-Mexico B...

Regional Atmospheric Transport Code for Hanford Emission Tracking (RATCHET). Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ramsdell, J.V. Jr.; Simonen, C.A.; Burk, K.W.

1994-02-01

The purpose of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is to estimate radiation doses that individuals may have received from operations at the Hanford Site since 1944. This report deals specifically with the atmospheric transport model, Regional Atmospheric Transport Code for Hanford Emission Tracking (RATCHET). RATCHET is a major rework of the MESOILT2 model used in the first phase of the HEDR Project; only the bookkeeping framework escaped major changes. Changes to the code include (1) significant changes in the representation of atmospheric processes and (2) incorporation of Monte Carlo methods for representing uncertainty in input data, model parameters,more » and coefficients. To a large extent, the revisions to the model are based on recommendations of a peer working group that met in March 1991. Technical bases for other portions of the atmospheric transport model are addressed in two other documents. This report has three major sections: a description of the model, a user`s guide, and a programmer`s guide. These sections discuss RATCHET from three different perspectives. The first provides a technical description of the code with emphasis on details such as the representation of the model domain, the data required by the model, and the equations used to make the model calculations. The technical description is followed by a user`s guide to the model with emphasis on running the code. The user`s guide contains information about the model input and output. The third section is a programmer`s guide to the code. It discusses the hardware and software required to run the code. The programmer`s guide also discusses program structure and each of the program elements.« less

Programming in HAL/S

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ryer, M. J.

1978-01-01

HAL/S is a computer programming language; it is a representation for algorithms which can be interpreted by either a person or a computer. HAL/S compilers transform blocks of HAL/S code into machine language which can then be directly executed by a computer. When the machine language is executed, the algorithm specified by the HAL/S code (source) is performed. This document describes how to read and write HAL/S source.

An Examination of the Reliability of the Organizational Assessment Package (OAP).

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

reactiv- ity or pretest sensitization (Bracht and Glass, 1968) may occur. In this case, the change from pretest to posttest can be caused just by the...content items. The blocks for supervisor’s code were left blank, work group code was coded as all ones , and each person’s seminar number was coded in...63 5 19 .91 .74 5 (Work Group Effective- ness) 822 19 .83 .42 7 17 .90 .57 7 (Job Related Sati sfacti on ) 823 16 .91 .84 2 18 .93 .87 2 (Job Related

Nucleotide sequence determination of guinea-pig casein B mRNA reveals homology with bovine and rat alpha s1 caseins and conservation of the non-coding regions of the mRNA.

PubMed Central

Hall, L; Laird, J E; Craig, R K

1984-01-01

Nucleotide sequence analysis of cloned guinea-pig casein B cDNA sequences has identified two casein B variants related to the bovine and rat alpha s1 caseins. Amino acid homology was largely confined to the known bovine or predicted rat phosphorylation sites and within the 'signal' precursor sequence. Comparison of the deduced nucleotide sequence of the guinea-pig and rat alpha s1 casein mRNA species showed greater sequence conservation in the non-coding than in the coding regions, suggesting a functional and possibly regulatory role for the non-coding regions of casein mRNA. The results provide insight into the evolution of the casein genes, and raise questions as to the role of conserved nucleotide sequences within the non-coding regions of mRNA species. Images Fig. 1. PMID:6548375

A bandwidth efficient coding scheme for the Hubble Space Telescope

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pietrobon, Steven S.; Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1991-01-01

As a demonstration of the performance capabilities of trellis codes using multidimensional signal sets, a Viterbi decoder was designed. The choice of code was based on two factors. The first factor was its application as a possible replacement for the coding scheme currently used on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The HST at present uses the rate 1/3 nu = 6 (with 2 (exp nu) = 64 states) convolutional code with Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation. With the modulator restricted to a 3 Msym/s, this implies a data rate of only 1 Mbit/s, since the bandwidth efficiency K = 1/3 bit/sym. This is a very bandwidth inefficient scheme, although the system has the advantage of simplicity and large coding gain. The basic requirement from NASA was for a scheme that has as large a K as possible. Since a satellite channel was being used, 8PSK modulation was selected. This allows a K of between 2 and 3 bit/sym. The next influencing factor was INTELSAT's intention of transmitting the SONET 155.52 Mbit/s standard data rate over the 72 MHz transponders on its satellites. This requires a bandwidth efficiency of around 2.5 bit/sym. A Reed-Solomon block code is used as an outer code to give very low bit error rates (BER). A 16 state rate 5/6, 2.5 bit/sym, 4D-8PSK trellis code was selected. This code has reasonable complexity and has a coding gain of 4.8 dB compared to uncoded 8PSK (2). This trellis code also has the advantage that it is 45 deg rotationally invariant. This means that the decoder needs only to synchronize to one of the two naturally mapped 8PSK signals in the signal set.

The Dental Health of Army Family Members: 1987-1988. Volume 1. Introduction and Methods/Characteristics of Study Sample/Dental Treatment Needs

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-07

No (31). HSC Form 539 (OT) (HCSCIA) 1 MAY 87 Page 1 of 4 Pages 43 Use Pencil Only To Record On This Form DMFS PERIO SURFACES N C MEASUREMENTS PERIOTX...USE SURFACES, NEEDS, AND CLASS CODES) NEEDS Rads Used Codes PERIO C 1 = PAX D L 2 = BWX D S s A 3 = PANX M C U ARasF A R S Rads Tooth # SURFACES s L...G S DMFS Needs Codes - To -thd M 0 1 D2. F I L (587- 598) ADD: E = Endo - (599- 610) (611-622) (623-634) (635- 646) (647- 658) IMPORTANT - IF

Validation of a vector version of the 6S radiative transfer code for atmospheric correction of satellite data. Part II. Homogeneous Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces.

PubMed

Kotchenova, Svetlana Y; Vermote, Eric F

2007-07-10

This is the second part of the validation effort of the recently developed vector version of the 6S (Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) radiative transfer code (6SV1), primarily used for the calculation of look-up tables in the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) atmospheric correction algorithm. The 6SV1 code was tested against a Monte Carlo code and Coulson's tabulated values for molecular and aerosol atmospheres bounded by different Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces. The code was also tested in scalar mode against the scalar code SHARM to resolve the previous 6S accuracy issues in the case of an anisotropic surface. All test cases were characterized by good agreement between the 6SV1 and the other codes: The overall relative error did not exceed 0.8%. The study also showed that ignoring the effects of radiation polarization in the atmosphere led to large errors in the simulated top-of-atmosphere reflectances: The maximum observed error was approximately 7.2% for both Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces.

Validation of a vector version of the 6S radiative transfer code for atmospheric correction of satellite data. Part II. Homogeneous Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kotchenova, Svetlana Y.; Vermote, Eric F.

2007-07-01

This is the second part of the validation effort of the recently developed vector version of the 6S (Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) radiative transfer code (6SV1), primarily used for the calculation of look-up tables in the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) atmospheric correction algorithm. The 6SV1 code was tested against a Monte Carlo code and Coulson's tabulated values for molecular and aerosol atmospheres bounded by different Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces. The code was also tested in scalar mode against the scalar code SHARM to resolve the previous 6S accuracy issues in the case of an anisotropic surface. All test cases were characterized by good agreement between the 6SV1 and the other codes: The overall relative error did not exceed 0.8%. The study also showed that ignoring the effects of radiation polarization in the atmosphere led to large errors in the simulated top-of-atmosphere reflectances: The maximum observed error was approximately 7.2% for both Lambertian and anisotropic surfaces.

Circular codes revisited: a statistical approach.

PubMed

Gonzalez, D L; Giannerini, S; Rosa, R

2011-04-21

In 1996 Arquès and Michel [1996. A complementary circular code in the protein coding genes. J. Theor. Biol. 182, 45-58] discovered the existence of a common circular code in eukaryote and prokaryote genomes. Since then, circular code theory has provoked great interest and underwent a rapid development. In this paper we discuss some theoretical issues related to the synchronization properties of coding sequences and circular codes with particular emphasis on the problem of retrieval and maintenance of the reading frame. Motivated by the theoretical discussion, we adopt a rigorous statistical approach in order to try to answer different questions. First, we investigate the covering capability of the whole class of 216 self-complementary, C(3) maximal codes with respect to a large set of coding sequences. The results indicate that, on average, the code proposed by Arquès and Michel has the best covering capability but, still, there exists a great variability among sequences. Second, we focus on such code and explore the role played by the proportion of the bases by means of a hierarchy of permutation tests. The results show the existence of a sort of optimization mechanism such that coding sequences are tailored as to maximize or minimize the coverage of circular codes on specific reading frames. Such optimization clearly relates the function of circular codes with reading frame synchronization. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

428-Gb/s single-channel coherent optical OFDM transmission over 960-km SSMF with constellation expansion and LDPC coding.

PubMed

Yang, Qi; Al Amin, Abdullah; Chen, Xi; Ma, Yiran; Chen, Simin; Shieh, William

2010-08-02

High-order modulation formats and advanced error correcting codes (ECC) are two promising techniques for improving the performance of ultrahigh-speed optical transport networks. In this paper, we present record receiver sensitivity for 107 Gb/s CO-OFDM transmission via constellation expansion to 16-QAM and rate-1/2 LDPC coding. We also show the single-channel transmission of a 428-Gb/s CO-OFDM signal over 960-km standard-single-mode-fiber (SSMF) without Raman amplification.

Defining pediatric traumatic brain injury using International Classification of Diseases Version 10 Codes: a systematic review.

PubMed

Chan, Vincy; Thurairajah, Pravheen; Colantonio, Angela

2015-02-04

Although healthcare administrative data are commonly used for traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, there is currently no consensus or consistency on the International Classification of Diseases Version 10 (ICD-10) codes used to define TBI among children and youth internationally. This study systematically reviewed the literature to explore the range of ICD-10 codes that are used to define TBI in this population. The identification of the range of ICD-10 codes to define this population in administrative data is crucial, as it has implications for policy, resource allocation, planning of healthcare services, and prevention strategies. The databases MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched. Grey literature was searched using Grey Matters and Google. Reference lists of included articles were also searched for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened all titles and abstracts using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A full text screen was conducted on articles that met the first screen inclusion criteria. All full text articles that met the pre-defined inclusion criteria were included for analysis in this systematic review. A total of 1,326 publications were identified through the predetermined search strategy and 32 articles/reports met all eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review. Five articles specifically examined children and youth aged 19 years or under with TBI. ICD-10 case definitions ranged from the broad injuries to the head codes (ICD-10 S00 to S09) to concussion only (S06.0). There was overwhelming consensus on the inclusion of ICD-10 code S06, intracranial injury, while codes S00 (superficial injury of the head), S03 (dislocation, sprain, and strain of joints and ligaments of head), and S05 (injury of eye and orbit) were only used by articles that examined head injury, none of which specifically examined children and youth. This review provides evidence for discussion on how best to use ICD codes for different goals. This is an important first step in reaching an appropriate definition and can inform future work on reaching consensus on the ICD-10 codes to define TBI for this vulnerable population.

ICD-10 procedure codes produce transition challenges.

PubMed

Boyd, Andrew D; Li, Jianrong 'John'; Kenost, Colleen; Zaim, Samir Rachid; Krive, Jacob; Mittal, Manish; Satava, Richard A; Burton, Michael; Smith, Jacob; Lussier, Yves A

2018-01-01

The transition of procedure coding from ICD-9-CM-Vol-3 to ICD-10-PCS has generated problems for the medical community at large resulting from the lack of clarity required to integrate two non-congruent coding systems. We hypothesized that quantifying these issues with network topology analyses offers a better understanding of the issues, and therefore we developed solutions (online tools) to empower hospital administrators and researchers to address these challenges. Five topologies were identified: "identity"(I), "class-to-subclass"(C2S), "subclass-toclass"(S2C), "convoluted(C)", and "no mapping"(NM). The procedure codes in the 2010 Illinois Medicaid dataset (3,290 patients, 116 institutions) were categorized as C=55%, C2S=40%, I=3%, NM=2%, and S2C=1%. Majority of the problematic and ambiguous mappings (convoluted) pertained to operations in ophthalmology cardiology, urology, gyneco-obstetrics, and dermatology. Finally, the algorithms were expanded into a user-friendly tool to identify problematic topologies and specify lists of procedural codes utilized by medical professionals and researchers for mitigating error-prone translations, simplifying research, and improving quality.http://www.lussiergroup.org/transition-to-ICD10PCS.

Further Validation of a CFD Code for Calculating the Performance of Two-Stage Light Gas Guns

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bogdanoff, David W.

2017-01-01

Earlier validations of a higher-order Godunov code for modeling the performance of two-stage light gas guns are reviewed. These validation comparisons were made between code predictions and experimental data from the NASA Ames 1.5" and 0.28" guns and covered muzzle velocities of 6.5 to 7.2 km/s. In the present report, five more series of code validation comparisons involving experimental data from the Ames 0.22" (1.28" pump tube diameter), 0.28", 0.50", 1.00" and 1.50" guns are presented. The total muzzle velocity range of the validation data presented herein is 3 to 11.3 km/s. The agreement between the experimental data and CFD results is judged to be very good. Muzzle velocities were predicted within 0.35 km/s for 74% of the cases studied with maximum differences being 0.5 km/s and for 4 out of 50 cases, 0.5 - 0.7 km/s.

Validation of a vector version of the 6S radiative transfer code for atmospheric correction of satellite data. Part I: Path radiance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kotchenova, Svetlana Y.; Vermote, Eric F.; Matarrese, Raffaella; Klemm, Frank J., Jr.

2006-09-01

A vector version of the 6S (Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) radiative transfer code (6SV1), which enables accounting for radiation polarization, has been developed and validated against a Monte Carlo code, Coulson's tabulated values, and MOBY (Marine Optical Buoy System) water-leaving reflectance measurements. The developed code was also tested against the scalar codes SHARM, DISORT, and MODTRAN to evaluate its performance in scalar mode and the influence of polarization. The obtained results have shown a good agreement of 0.7% in comparison with the Monte Carlo code, 0.2% for Coulson's tabulated values, and 0.001-0.002 for the 400-550 nm region for the MOBY reflectances. Ignoring the effects of polarization led to large errors in calculated top-of-atmosphere reflectances: more than 10% for a molecular atmosphere and up to 5% for an aerosol atmosphere. This new version of 6S is intended to replace the previous scalar version used for calculation of lookup tables in the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) atmospheric correction algorithm.

Validation of a vector version of the 6S radiative transfer code for atmospheric correction of satellite data. Part I: path radiance.

PubMed

Kotchenova, Svetlana Y; Vermote, Eric F; Matarrese, Raffaella; Klemm, Frank J

2006-09-10

A vector version of the 6S (Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) radiative transfer code (6SV1), which enables accounting for radiation polarization, has been developed and validated against a Monte Carlo code, Coulson's tabulated values, and MOBY (Marine Optical Buoy System) water-leaving reflectance measurements. The developed code was also tested against the scalar codes SHARM, DISORT, and MODTRAN to evaluate its performance in scalar mode and the influence of polarization. The obtained results have shown a good agreement of 0.7% in comparison with the Monte Carlo code, 0.2% for Coulson's tabulated values, and 0.001-0.002 for the 400-550 nm region for the MOBY reflectances. Ignoring the effects of polarization led to large errors in calculated top-of-atmosphere reflectances: more than 10% for a molecular atmosphere and up to 5% for an aerosol atmosphere. This new version of 6S is intended to replace the previous scalar version used for calculation of lookup tables in the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) atmospheric correction algorithm.

Revisiting Yasinsky and Henry`s benchmark using modern nodal codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feltus, M.A.; Becker, M.W.

1995-12-31

The numerical experiments analyzed by Yasinsky and Henry are quite trivial by comparison with today`s standards because they used the finite difference code WIGLE for their benchmark. Also, this problem is a simple slab (one-dimensional) case with no feedback mechanisms. This research attempts to obtain STAR (Ref. 2) and NEM (Ref. 3) code results in order to produce a more modern kinetics benchmark with results comparable WIGLE.

The Marriage of Residential Energy Codes and Rating Systems: Conflict Resolution or Just Conflict?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taylor, Zachary T.; Mendon, Vrushali V.

2014-08-21

After three decades of coexistence at a distance, model residential energy codes and residential energy rating systems have come together in the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code. At the October, 2013, International Code Council’s Public Comment Hearing, a new compliance path based on an Energy Rating Index was added to the IECC. Although not specifically named in the code, RESNET’s HERS rating system is the likely candidate Index for most jurisdictions. While HERS has been a mainstay in various beyond-code programs for many years, its direct incorporation into the most popular model energy code raises questions about the equivalence ofmore » a HERS-based compliance path and the traditional IECC performance compliance path, especially because the two approaches use different efficiency metrics, are governed by different simulation rules, and have different scopes with regard to energy impacting house features. A detailed simulation analysis of more than 15,000 house configurations reveals a very large range of HERS Index values that achieve equivalence with the IECC’s performance path. This paper summarizes the results of that analysis and evaluates those results against the specific Energy Rating Index values required by the 2015 IECC. Based on the home characteristics most likely to result in disparities between HERS-based compliance and performance path compliance, potential impacts on the compliance process, state and local adoption of the new code, energy efficiency in the next generation of homes subject to this new code, and future evolution of model code formats are discussed.« less

Benchmark Simulations of the Thermal-Hydraulic Responses during EBR-II Inherent Safety Tests using SAM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hu, Rui; Sumner, Tyler S.

2016-04-17

An advanced system analysis tool SAM is being developed for fast-running, improved-fidelity, and whole-plant transient analyses at Argonne National Laboratory under DOE-NE’s Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program. As an important part of code development, companion validation activities are being conducted to ensure the performance and validity of the SAM code. This paper presents the benchmark simulations of two EBR-II tests, SHRT-45R and BOP-302R, whose data are available through the support of DOE-NE’s Advanced Reactor Technology (ART) program. The code predictions of major primary coolant system parameter are compared with the test results. Additionally, the SAS4A/SASSYS-1 code simulationmore » results are also included for a code-to-code comparison.« less

Application of LEED (trademark) and SPiRiT to a Proposed Building Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-03-01

TOTAL AREA S CAT ARLOC INSTALLATION NO CODE C QTY UM OCPD F CODE 1) 24004 Aberdeen Provi E1890...ARLOC INSTALLATION NO CODE C QTY UM OCPD F CODE 1) 24004 Aberdeen Provi E3832 31010 P 13,000 SF 13,000 R

Molecular analysis of two genes between let-653 and let-56 in the unc-22(IV) region of Caenorhabditis elegans.

PubMed

Marra, M A; Prasad, S S; Baillie, D L

1993-01-01

A previous study of genomic organization described the identification of nine potential coding regions in 150 kb of genomic DNA from the unc-22(IV) region of Caenorhabditis elegans. In this study, we focus on the genomic organization of a small interval of 0.1 map unit bordered on the right by unc-22 and on the left by the left-hand breakpoints of the deficiencies sDf9, sDf19 and sDf65. This small interval at present contains a single mutagenically defined locus, the essential gene let-56. The cosmid C11F2 has previously been used to rescue let-56. Therefore, at least some of C11F2 must reside in the interval. In this paper, we report the characterization of two coding elements that reside on C11F2. Analysis of nucleotide sequence data obtained from cDNAs and cosmid subclones revealed that one of the coding elements closely resembles aromatic amino acid decarboxylases from several species. The other of these coding elements was found to closely resemble a human growth factor activatable Na+/H+ antiporter. Paris of oligonucleotide primers, predicted from both coding elements, have been used in PCR experiments to position these coding elements between the left breakpoint of sDf19 and the left breakpoint of sDf65, between the essential genes let-653 and let-56.

Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microcrack Damaged Media

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

18) vanish. In this case applying the L’Hospital’s rule to Eq. (18) when h2 ? h1 yields the following:C44 l2 ¼ 1 C55 þ pg lðlþ C44Þ ðl þ C44Þ½1...RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC 27709-2211 5 NAVAL RESEARCH LAB E R FRANCHI CODE 7100 M H ORR CODE 7120 J A BUCARO CODE 7130 J S PERKINS

An evaluation of TRAC-PF1/MOD1 computer code performance during posttest simulations of Semiscale MOD-2C feedwater line break transients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hall, D.G.: Watkins, J.C.

This report documents an evaluation of the TRAC-PF1/MOD1 reactor safety analysis computer code during computer simulations of feedwater line break transients. The experimental data base for the evaluation included the results of three bottom feedwater line break tests performed in the Semiscale Mod-2C test facility. The tests modeled 14.3% (S-FS-7), 50% (S-FS-11), and 100% (S-FS-6B) breaks. The test facility and the TRAC-PF1/MOD1 model used in the calculations are described. Evaluations of the accuracy of the calculations are presented in the form of comparisons of measured and calculated histories of selected parameters associated with the primary and secondary systems. In additionmore » to evaluating the accuracy of the code calculations, the computational performance of the code during the simulations was assessed. A conclusion was reached that the code is capable of making feedwater line break transient calculations efficiently, but there is room for significant improvements in the simulations that were performed. Recommendations are made for follow-on investigations to determine how to improve future feedwater line break calculations and for code improvements to make the code easier to use.« less

Importance of external cause coding for injury surveillance: lessons from assessment of overexertion injuries among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014.

PubMed

Canham-Chervak, Michelle; Steelman, Ryan A; Schuh, Anna; Jones, Bruce H

2016-11-01

Injuries are a barrier to military medical readiness, and overexertion has historically been a leading mechanism of injury among active duty U.S. Army soldiers. Details are needed to inform prevention planning. The Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) was queried for unique medical encounters among active duty Army soldiers consistent with the military injury definition and assigned an overexertion external cause code (ICD-9: E927.0-E927.9) in 2014 (n=21,891). Most (99.7%) were outpatient visits and 60% were attributed specifically to sudden strenuous movement. Among the 41% (n=9,061) of visits with an activity code (ICD-9: E001-E030), running was the most common activity (n=2,891, 32%); among the 19% (n=4,190) with a place of occurrence code (ICD-9: E849.0-E849.9), the leading location was recreation/sports facilities (n=1,332, 32%). External cause codes provide essential details, but the data represented less than 4% of all injury-related medical encounters among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014. Efforts to improve external cause coding are needed, and could be aligned with training on and enforcement of ICD-10 coding guidelines throughout the Military Health System.

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Iraq

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Onur, Tuna; Gok, Rengin; Abdulnaby, Wathiq

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessments (PSHA) form the basis for most contemporary seismic provisions in building codes around the world. The current building code of Iraq was published in 1997. An update to this edition is in the process of being released. However, there are no national PSHA studies in Iraq for the new building code to refer to for seismic loading in terms of spectral accelerations. As an interim solution, the new draft building code was considering to refer to PSHA results produced in the late 1990s as part of the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP; Giardini et al.,more » 1999). However these results are: a) more than 15 years outdated, b) PGA-based only, necessitating rough conversion factors to calculate spectral accelerations at 0.3s and 1.0s for seismic design, and c) at a probability level of 10% chance of exceedance in 50 years, not the 2% that the building code requires. Hence there is a pressing need for a new, updated PSHA for Iraq.« less

Variable Coding and Modulation Experiment Using NASA's Space Communication and Navigation Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Downey, Joseph A.; Mortensen, Dale J.; Evans, Michael A.; Tollis, Nicholas S.

2016-01-01

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Space Communication and Navigation Testbed on the International Space Station provides a unique opportunity to evaluate advanced communication techniques in an operational system. The experimental nature of the Testbed allows for rapid demonstrations while using flight hardware in a deployed system within NASA's networks. One example is variable coding and modulation, which is a method to increase data-throughput in a communication link. This paper describes recent flight testing with variable coding and modulation over S-band using a direct-to-earth link between the SCaN Testbed and the Glenn Research Center. The testing leverages the established Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation (DVB-S2) standard to provide various modulation and coding options. The experiment was conducted in a challenging environment due to the multipath and shadowing caused by the International Space Station structure. Performance of the variable coding and modulation system is evaluated and compared to the capacity of the link, as well as standard NASA waveforms.

Recent improvements of reactor physics codes in MHI

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kosaka, Shinya, E-mail: shinya-kosaka@mhi.co.jp; Yamaji, Kazuya; Kirimura, Kazuki

2015-12-31

This paper introduces recent improvements for reactor physics codes in Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd(MHI). MHI has developed a new neutronics design code system Galaxy/Cosmo-S(GCS) for PWR core analysis. After TEPCO’s Fukushima Daiichi accident, it is required to consider design extended condition which has not been covered explicitly by the former safety licensing analyses. Under these circumstances, MHI made some improvements for GCS code system. A new resonance calculation model of lattice physics code and homogeneous cross section representative model for core simulator have been developed to apply more wide range core conditions corresponding to severe accident status such like anticipatedmore » transient without scram (ATWS) analysis and criticality evaluation of dried-up spent fuel pit. As a result of these improvements, GCS code system has very wide calculation applicability with good accuracy for any core conditions as far as fuel is not damaged. In this paper, the outline of GCS code system is described briefly and recent relevant development activities are presented.« less

78 FR 23550 - Department of Energy's (DOE) Participation in Development of the International Energy...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

...: Notice. SUMMARY: The DOE participates in the code development process of the International Code Council... notice outlines the process by which DOE produces code change proposals, and participates in the ICC code development process. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeremiah Williams, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of...

Schroedinger’s Code: A Preliminary Study on Research Source Code Availability and Link Persistence in Astrophysics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, Alice; Teuben, Peter J.; Ryan, P. Wesley

2018-05-01

We examined software usage in a sample set of astrophysics research articles published in 2015 and searched for the source codes for the software mentioned in these research papers. We categorized the software to indicate whether the source code is available for download and whether there are restrictions to accessing it, and if the source code is not available, whether some other form of the software, such as a binary, is. We also extracted hyperlinks from one journal’s 2015 research articles, as links in articles can serve as an acknowledgment of software use and lead to the data used in the research, and tested them to determine which of these URLs are still accessible. For our sample of 715 software instances in the 166 articles we examined, we were able to categorize 418 records as according to whether source code was available and found that 285 unique codes were used, 58% of which offered the source code for download. Of the 2558 hyperlinks extracted from 1669 research articles, at best, 90% of them were available over our testing period.

76 FR 58137 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Positive Law Codification of Title 41 U.S.C...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

... Supplement; Positive Law Codification of Title 41 U.S.C. (DFARS Case 2011-D036) AGENCY: Defense Acquisition... DFARS to the new Codification of Title 41, United States Code, ``Public Contracts.'' DATES: Effective... of Title 41, United States Code (U.S.C.), entitled ``Public Contracts.'' The purpose of this final...

The Astrophysics Source Code Library by the numbers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, Alice; Teuben, Peter; Berriman, G. Bruce; DuPrie, Kimberly; Mink, Jessica; Nemiroff, Robert; Ryan, PW; Schmidt, Judy; Shamir, Lior; Shortridge, Keith; Wallin, John; Warmels, Rein

2018-01-01

The Astrophysics Source Code Library (ASCL, ascl.net) was founded in 1999 by Robert Nemiroff and John Wallin. ASCL editors seek both new and old peer-reviewed papers that describe methods or experiments that involve the development or use of source code, and add entries for the found codes to the library. Software authors can submit their codes to the ASCL as well. This ensures a comprehensive listing covering a significant number of the astrophysics source codes used in peer-reviewed studies. The ASCL is indexed by both NASA’s Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and Web of Science, making software used in research more discoverable. This presentation covers the growth in the ASCL’s number of entries, the number of citations to its entries, and in which journals those citations appear. It also discusses what changes have been made to the ASCL recently, and what its plans are for the future.

Identification of novel non-coding small RNAs from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 using high-resolution genome tiling arrays

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background The identification of non-coding transcripts in human, mouse, and Escherichia coli has revealed their widespread occurrence and functional importance in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic life. In prokaryotes, studies have shown that non-coding transcripts participate in a broad range of cellular functions like gene regulation, stress and virulence. However, very little is known about non-coding transcripts in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), an obligate human respiratory pathogen responsible for significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Tiling microarrays enable genome wide mRNA profiling as well as identification of novel transcripts at a high-resolution. Results Here, we describe a high-resolution transcription map of the S. pneumoniae clinical isolate TIGR4 using genomic tiling arrays. Our results indicate that approximately 66% of the genome is expressed under our experimental conditions. We identified a total of 50 non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) from the intergenic regions, of which 36 had no predicted function. Half of the identified sRNA sequences were found to be unique to S. pneumoniae genome. We identified eight overrepresented sequence motifs among sRNA sequences that correspond to sRNAs in different functional categories. Tiling arrays also identified approximately 202 operon structures in the genome. Conclusions In summary, the pneumococcal operon structures and novel sRNAs identified in this study enhance our understanding of the complexity and extent of the pneumococcal 'expressed' genome. Furthermore, the results of this study open up new avenues of research for understanding the complex RNA regulatory network governing S. pneumoniae physiology and virulence. PMID:20525227

Code Compression for DSP

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-12-01

PAGES 6 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT unclassified b . ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8...Automation Conference, June 1998. [Liao95] S. Liao, S. Devadas , K. Keutzer, “Code Density Optimization for Embedded DSP Processors Using Data Compression

ICD-10 procedure codes produce transition challenges

PubMed Central

Boyd, Andrew D.; Li, Jianrong ‘John’; Kenost, Colleen; Zaim, Samir Rachid; Krive, Jacob; Mittal, Manish; Satava, Richard A.; Burton, Michael; Smith, Jacob; Lussier, Yves A.

2018-01-01

The transition of procedure coding from ICD-9-CM-Vol-3 to ICD-10-PCS has generated problems for the medical community at large resulting from the lack of clarity required to integrate two non-congruent coding systems. We hypothesized that quantifying these issues with network topology analyses offers a better understanding of the issues, and therefore we developed solutions (online tools) to empower hospital administrators and researchers to address these challenges. Five topologies were identified: “identity”(I), “class-to-subclass”(C2S), “subclass-toclass”(S2C), “convoluted(C)”, and “no mapping”(NM). The procedure codes in the 2010 Illinois Medicaid dataset (3,290 patients, 116 institutions) were categorized as C=55%, C2S=40%, I=3%, NM=2%, and S2C=1%. Majority of the problematic and ambiguous mappings (convoluted) pertained to operations in ophthalmology cardiology, urology, gyneco-obstetrics, and dermatology. Finally, the algorithms were expanded into a user-friendly tool to identify problematic topologies and specify lists of procedural codes utilized by medical professionals and researchers for mitigating error-prone translations, simplifying research, and improving quality.http://www.lussiergroup.org/transition-to-ICD10PCS PMID:29888037

A Conference on Spacecraft Charging Technology - 1978, held at U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, October 31 - November 2, 1978.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-01-01

complex, applications of the code . NASCAP CODE DESCRIPTION The NASCAP code is a finite-element spacecraft-charging simulation that is written in FORTRAN ...transport code POEM (ref. 1), is applicable to arbitrary dielectrics, source spectra, and current time histories. The code calculations are illustrated by...iaxk ’. Vlbouced _DstributionL- 9TNA Availability Codes %ELECTEf Nationa Aeronautics and Dist. Spec al TAvalland/or. MAY 2 21980 Space Administration

Pacific Northwest (PNW) Hydrologic Landscape (HL) polygons and HL code

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

A five-letter hydrologic landscape code representing five indices of hydrologic form that are related to hydrologic function: climate, seasonality, aquifer permeability, terrain, and soil permeability. Each hydrologic assessment unit is classified by one of the 81 different five-letter codes representing these indices. Polygon features in this dataset were created by aggregating (dissolving boundaries between) adjacent, similarly-coded hydrologic assessment units. Climate Classes: V-Very wet, W-Wet, M-Moist, D-Dry, S-Semiarid, A-Arid. Seasonality Sub-Classes: w-Fall or winter, s-Spring. Aquifer Permeability Classes: H-High, L-Low. Terrain Classes: M-Mountain, T-Transitional, F-Flat. Soil Permeability Classes: H-High, L-Low.

RELAP-7 Closure Correlations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zou, Ling; Berry, R. A.; Martineau, R. C.

The RELAP-7 code is the next generation nuclear reactor system safety analysis code being developed at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The code is based on the INL’s modern scientific software development framework, MOOSE (Multi-Physics Object Oriented Simulation Environment). The overall design goal of RELAP-7 is to take advantage of the previous thirty years of advancements in computer architecture, software design, numerical integration methods, and physical models. The end result will be a reactor systems analysis capability that retains and improves upon RELAP5’s and TRACE’s capabilities and extends their analysis capabilities for all reactor system simulation scenarios. The RELAP-7 codemore » utilizes the well-posed 7-equation two-phase flow model for compressible two-phase flow. Closure models used in the TRACE code has been reviewed and selected to reflect the progress made during the past decades and provide a basis for the colure correlations implemented in the RELAP-7 code. This document provides a summary on the closure correlations that are currently implemented in the RELAP-7 code. The closure correlations include sub-grid models that describe interactions between the fluids and the flow channel, and interactions between the two phases.« less

RPS8—a New Informative DNA Marker for Phylogeny of Babesia and Theileria Parasites in China

PubMed Central

Tian, Zhan-Cheng; Liu, Guang-Yuan; Yin, Hong; Luo, Jian-Xun; Guan, Gui-Quan; Luo, Jin; Xie, Jun-Ren; Shen, Hui; Tian, Mei-Yuan; Zheng, Jin-feng; Yuan, Xiao-song; Wang, Fang-fang

2013-01-01

Piroplasmosis is a serious debilitating and sometimes fatal disease. Phylogenetic relationships within piroplasmida are complex and remain unclear. We compared the intron–exon structure and DNA sequences of the RPS8 gene from Babesia and Theileria spp. isolates in China. Similar to 18S rDNA, the 40S ribosomal protein S8 gene, RPS8, including both coding and non-coding regions is a useful and novel genetic marker for defining species boundaries and for inferring phylogenies because it tends to have little intra-specific variation but considerable inter-specific difference. However, more samples are needed to verify the usefulness of the RPS8 (coding and non-coding regions) gene as a marker for the phylogenetic position and detection of most Babesia and Theileria species, particularly for some closely related species. PMID:24244571

Surface reflectance retrieval from imaging spectrometer data using three atmospheric codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Staenz, Karl; Williams, Daniel J.; Fedosejevs, Gunar; Teillet, Phil M.

1994-12-01

Surface reflectance retrieval from imaging spectrometer data has become important for quantitative information extraction in many application areas. In order to calculate surface reflectance from remotely measured radiance, radiative transfer codes play an important role for removal of the scattering and gaseous absorption effects of the atmosphere. The present study evaluates surface reflectances retrieved from airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) data using three radiative transfer codes: modified 5S (M5S), 6S, and MODTRAN2. Comparisons of the retrieved surface reflectance with ground-based reflectance were made for different target types such as asphalt, gravel, grass/soil mixture (soccer field), and water (Sooke Lake). The results indicate that the estimation of the atmospheric water vapor content is important for an accurate surface reflectance retrieval regardless of the radiative transfer code used. For the present atmospheric conditions, a difference of 0.1 in aerosol optical depth had little impact on the retrieved surface reflectance. The performance of MODTRAN2 is superior in the gas absorption regions compared to M5S and 6S.

Neural code alterations and abnormal time patterns in Parkinson’s disease

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andres, Daniela Sabrina; Cerquetti, Daniel; Merello, Marcelo

2015-04-01

Objective. The neural code used by the basal ganglia is a current question in neuroscience, relevant for the understanding of the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. While a rate code is known to participate in the communication between the basal ganglia and the motor thalamus/cortex, different lines of evidence have also favored the presence of complex time patterns in the discharge of the basal ganglia. To gain insight into the way the basal ganglia code information, we studied the activity of the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi), an output node of the circuit. Approach. We implemented the 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinsonism in Sprague-Dawley rats, and recorded the spontaneous discharge of single GPi neurons, in head-restrained conditions at full alertness. Analyzing the temporal structure function, we looked for characteristic scales in the neuronal discharge of the GPi. Main results. At a low-scale, we observed the presence of dynamic processes, which allow the transmission of time patterns. Conversely, at a middle-scale, stochastic processes force the use of a rate code. Regarding the time patterns transmitted, we measured the word length and found that it is increased in Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, it showed a positive correlation with the frequency of discharge, indicating that an exacerbation of this abnormal time pattern length can be expected, as the dopamine depletion progresses. Significance. We conclude that a rate code and a time pattern code can co-exist in the basal ganglia at different temporal scales. However, their normal balance is progressively altered and replaced by pathological time patterns in Parkinson’s disease.

38 CFR 61.20 - Life Safety Code capital grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Life Safety Code capital... (CONTINUED) VA HOMELESS PROVIDERS GRANT AND PER DIEM PROGRAM § 61.20 Life Safety Code capital grants. (a) This section sets forth provisions for obtaining a Life Safety Code capital grant under 38 U.S.C. 2012...

38 CFR 61.20 - Life Safety Code capital grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Life Safety Code capital... (CONTINUED) VA HOMELESS PROVIDERS GRANT AND PER DIEM PROGRAM § 61.20 Life Safety Code capital grants. (a) This section sets forth provisions for obtaining a Life Safety Code capital grant under 38 U.S.C. 2012...

29 CFR Appendix A to Subpart S of... - References for Further Information

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Safety, Health, and Environmental Training. ANSI/IEEE C2-2002 National Electrical Safety Code. ANSI K61.1.... NFPA 59-2004 Utility LP-Gas Plant Code. NFPA 70-2002 National Electrical Code. (See also NFPA 70-2005.... NMAB 353-3-1980 Classification of Combustible Dust in Accordance with the National Electrical Code. [72...

29 CFR Appendix A to Subpart S of... - References for Further Information

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Safety, Health, and Environmental Training. ANSI/IEEE C2-2002 National Electrical Safety Code. ANSI K61.1.... NFPA 59-2004 Utility LP-Gas Plant Code. NFPA 70-2002 National Electrical Code. (See also NFPA 70-2005.... NMAB 353-3-1980 Classification of Combustible Dust in Accordance with the National Electrical Code. [72...

29 CFR Appendix A to Subpart S of... - References for Further Information

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Safety, Health, and Environmental Training. ANSI/IEEE C2-2002 National Electrical Safety Code. ANSI K61.1.... NFPA 59-2004 Utility LP-Gas Plant Code. NFPA 70-2002 National Electrical Code. (See also NFPA 70-2005.... NMAB 353-3-1980 Classification of Combustible Dust in Accordance with the National Electrical Code. [72...

29 CFR Appendix A to Subpart S of... - References for Further Information

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Safety, Health, and Environmental Training. ANSI/IEEE C2-2002 National Electrical Safety Code. ANSI K61.1.... NFPA 59-2004 Utility LP-Gas Plant Code. NFPA 70-2002 National Electrical Code. (See also NFPA 70-2005.... NMAB 353-3-1980 Classification of Combustible Dust in Accordance with the National Electrical Code. [72...

38 CFR 61.20 - Life Safety Code capital grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Life Safety Code capital... (CONTINUED) VA HOMELESS PROVIDERS GRANT AND PER DIEM PROGRAM § 61.20 Life Safety Code capital grants. (a) This section sets forth provisions for obtaining a Life Safety Code capital grant under 38 U.S.C. 2012...

76 FR 77237 - U.S. National Authority for the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-12

... Authority for the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel; Notice... Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel, notice is hereby given of... Global Code of Practice on International Recruitment of Health Personnel is ``to establish and promote...

Ray Methods for Acoustic Scattering, Optics Of Bubbles, Diffraction Catastrophes, and Nonlinear Acoustics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-11-24

15 Code I: Internal Reports ................................................................. 19 Code M : Oral...experiments. 13. S. M . Baumer: completed M.S. thesis in 1988 on light scattering. 14. C. E. Dean: completed Ph.D. dissertation in 1989 on light...novel oscillation induced flow instabilities. 18. J. M . Winey: awarded M.S. degree in 1990 with project on capillary wave experiments. He

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Federal Laws and Incentives for Electricity

Science.gov Websites

Improvement Program website. (Reference Public Law 112-141, 23 U.S. Code 149, and 23 U.S. Code 151) Clean information, see the DOT Public Law 114-94) Electric Vehicle Charging on Federal Property The U.S. General the status of requests for EVSE from other federal agencies. (Reference Public Law 114-94) Alternative

Regulations and Ethical Considerations for Astronomy Education Research III: A Suggested Code of Ethics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brogt, Erik; Foster, Tom; Dokter, Erin; Buxner, Sanlyn; Antonellis, Jessie

We present an argument for, and suggested implementation of, a code of ethics for the astronomy education research community. This code of ethics is based on legal and ethical considerations set forth by U.S. federal regulations and the existing code of conduct of the American Educational Research Association. We also provide a fictitious research study as an example for working through the suggested code of ethics.

Review of CTF s Fuel Rod Modeling Using FRAPCON-4.0 s Centerline Temperature Predictions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Toptan, Aysenur; Salko, Robert K; Avramova, Maria

Coolant Boiling in Rod Arrays Two Fluid (COBRA-TF), or CTF1 [1], is a nuclear thermal hydraulic subchannel code used throughout academia and industry. CTF s fuel rod modeling is originally developed for VIPRE code [2]. Its methodology is based on GAPCON [3] and FRAP [4] fuel performance codes, and material properties are included from MATPRO handbook [5]. This work focuses on review of CTF s fuel rod modeling to address shortcomings in CTF s temperature predictions. CTF is compared to FRAPCON which is U.S. NRC s steady-state fuel performance code for light-water reactor fuel rods. FRAPCON calculates the changes inmore » fuel rod variables and temperatures including the eects of cladding hoop strain, cladding oxidation, hydriding, fuel irradiation swelling, densification, fission gas release and rod internal gas pressure. It uses fuel, clad and gap material properties from MATPRO. Additionally, it has its own models for fission gas release, cladding corrosion and cladding hydrogen pickup. It allows finite dierence or finite element approaches for its mechanical model. In this study, FRAPCON-4.0 [6] is used as a reference fuel performance code. In comparison, Halden Reactor Data for IFA432 Rod 1 and Rod 3. CTF simulations are performed in two ways; informing CTF with gap conductance value from FRAPCON, and using CTF s dynamic gap conductance model. First case is chosen to show temperature is predicted correctly with CTF s models for thermal and cladding conductivities once gap conductance is provided. Latter is to review CTF s dynamic gap conductance model. These Halden test cases are selected to be representative of cases with and without any physical contact between fuel-pellet and clad while reviewing functionality of CTF s dynamic gap conductance model. Improving the CTF s dynamic gap conductance model will allow prediction of fuel and cladding thermo-mechanical behavior under irradiation, and better temperature feedbacks from CTF in transient calculations.« less

End-to-End Modeling with the Heimdall Code to Scope High-Power Microwave Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

END-TO-END MODELING WITH THE HEIMDALL CODE TO SCOPE HIGH - POWER MICROWAVE SYSTEMS ∗ John A. Swegleξ Savannah River National Laboratory, 743A...describe the expert-system code HEIMDALL, which is used to model full high - power microwave systems using over 60 systems-engineering models, developed in...of our calculations of the mass of a Supersystem producing 500-MW, 15-ns output pulses in the X band for bursts of 1 s , interspersed with 10- s

Country Report on Building Energy Codes in Australia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shui, Bin; Evans, Meredydd; Somasundaram, Sriram

2009-04-02

This report is part of a series of reports on building energy efficiency codes in countries associated with the Asian Pacific Partnership (APP) - Australia, South Korea, Japan, China, India, and the United States of America (U.S.). This reports gives an overview of the development of building energy codes in Australia, including national energy policies related to building energy codes, history of building energy codes, recent national projects and activities to promote building energy codes. The report also provides a review of current building energy codes (such as building envelope, HVAC, and lighting) for commercial and residential buildings in Australia.

Agricultural Occupations Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lark, Floyd J.; Henderson, Billie

This agricultural occupations handbook was developed from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) and the U.S. Departments of Health, Education, and Welfare, and Labor publication, Vocational Education and Occupations. It includes the U.S. Office of Education coding for the instructional area of agriculture and the cluster coding for the…

Bernstein's "Codes" and the Linguistics of "Deficit"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Peter E.

2013-01-01

This paper examines the key linguistic arguments underpinning Basil Bernstein's theory of "elaborated" and "restricted" "codes". Building on a review of selected highlights from the collective critical response to Bernstein, the paper attempts to clarify the relationship of the theory to "deficit" views…

Partial sequence homogenization in the 5S multigene families may generate sequence chimeras and spurious results in phylogenetic reconstructions.

PubMed

Galián, José A; Rosato, Marcela; Rosselló, Josep A

2014-03-01

Multigene families have provided opportunities for evolutionary biologists to assess molecular evolution processes and phylogenetic reconstructions at deep and shallow systematic levels. However, the use of these markers is not free of technical and analytical challenges. Many evolutionary studies that used the nuclear 5S rDNA gene family rarely used contiguous 5S coding sequences due to the routine use of head-to-tail polymerase chain reaction primers that are anchored to the coding region. Moreover, the 5S coding sequences have been concatenated with independent, adjacent gene units in many studies, creating simulated chimeric genes as the raw data for evolutionary analysis. This practice is based on the tacitly assumed, but rarely tested, hypothesis that strict intra-locus concerted evolution processes are operating in 5S rDNA genes, without any empirical evidence as to whether it holds for the recovered data. The potential pitfalls of analysing the patterns of molecular evolution and reconstructing phylogenies based on these chimeric genes have not been assessed to date. Here, we compared the sequence integrity and phylogenetic behavior of entire versus concatenated 5S coding regions from a real data set obtained from closely related plant species (Medicago, Fabaceae). Our results suggest that within arrays sequence homogenization is partially operating in the 5S coding region, which is traditionally assumed to be highly conserved. Consequently, concatenating 5S genes increases haplotype diversity, generating novel chimeric genotypes that most likely do not exist within the genome. In addition, the patterns of gene evolution are distorted, leading to incorrect haplotype relationships in some evolutionary reconstructions.

Testing the burden of rare variation in arrhythmia-susceptibility genes provides new insights into molecular diagnosis for Brugada syndrome.

PubMed

Le Scouarnec, Solena; Karakachoff, Matilde; Gourraud, Jean-Baptiste; Lindenbaum, Pierre; Bonnaud, Stéphanie; Portero, Vincent; Duboscq-Bidot, Laëtitia; Daumy, Xavier; Simonet, Floriane; Teusan, Raluca; Baron, Estelle; Violleau, Jade; Persyn, Elodie; Bellanger, Lise; Barc, Julien; Chatel, Stéphanie; Martins, Raphaël; Mabo, Philippe; Sacher, Frédéric; Haïssaguerre, Michel; Kyndt, Florence; Schmitt, Sébastien; Bézieau, Stéphane; Le Marec, Hervé; Dina, Christian; Schott, Jean-Jacques; Probst, Vincent; Redon, Richard

2015-05-15

The Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare heritable cardiac arrhythmia disorder associated with ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Mutations in the SCN5A gene have been causally related to BrS in 20-30% of cases. Twenty other genes have been described as involved in BrS, but their overall contribution to disease prevalence is still unclear. This study aims to estimate the burden of rare coding variation in arrhythmia-susceptibility genes among a large group of patients with BrS. We have developed a custom kit to capture and sequence the coding regions of 45 previously reported arrhythmia-susceptibility genes and applied this kit to 167 index cases presenting with a Brugada pattern on the electrocardiogram as well as 167 individuals aged over 65-year old and showing no history of cardiac arrhythmia. By applying burden tests, a significant enrichment in rare coding variation (with a minor allele frequency below 0.1%) was observed only for SCN5A, with rare coding variants carried by 20.4% of cases with BrS versus 2.4% of control individuals (P = 1.4 × 10(-7)). No significant enrichment was observed for any other arrhythmia-susceptibility gene, including SCN10A and CACNA1C. These results indicate that, except for SCN5A, rare coding variation in previously reported arrhythmia-susceptibility genes do not contribute significantly to the occurrence of BrS in a population with European ancestry. Extreme caution should thus be taken when interpreting genetic variation in molecular diagnostic setting, since rare coding variants were observed in a similar extent among cases versus controls, for most previously reported BrS-susceptibility genes. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

TECHNICAL REPORT 2087 August 2015 Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding David Wasserman Approved...list decoding . RESULTS Our simulation results show that polar coding can produce results very similar to the FEC used in the Digital Video...standard. RECOMMENDATIONS In any application for which the DVB-S2 FEC is considered, polar coding with CRC-aided list decod - ing with N = 65536

Recommendations for Adopting the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes Into U.S. Policy.

PubMed

Soldavini, Jessica; Taillie, Lindsey Smith

2017-08-01

In 1981, the World Health Organization adopted the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes ( International Code), with subsequent resolutions adopted since then. The International Code contributes to the safe and adequate provision of nutrition for infants by protecting and promoting breastfeeding and ensuring that human milk substitutes, when necessary, are used properly through adequate information and appropriate marketing and distribution. Despite the World Health Organization recommendations for all member nations to implement the International Code in its entirety, the United States has yet to take action to translate it into any national measures. In 2012, only 22.3% of infants in the United States met the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation of at least 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. Countries adopting legislation reflecting the provisions of the International Code have seen increases in breastfeeding rates. This article discusses recommendations for translating the International Code into U.S. policy. Adopting legislation that implements, monitors, and enforces the International Code in its entirety has the potential to contribute to increased rates of breastfeeding in the United States, which can lead to improved health outcomes in both infants and breastfeeding mothers.

Comparison of four polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Brucella spp. in clinical samples from dogs

PubMed Central

Boeri, Eduardo J.; Wanke, María M.; Madariaga, María J.; Teijeiro, María L.; Elena, Sebastian A.; Trangoni, Marcos D.

2018-01-01

Aim: This study aimed to compare the sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp), and positive likelihood ratios (LR+) of four polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the detection of Brucella spp. in dog’s clinical samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 595 samples of whole blood, urine, and genital fluids were evaluated between October 2014 and November 2016. To compare PCR assays, the gold standard was defined using a combination of different serological and microbiological test. Bacterial isolation from urine and blood cultures was carried out. Serological methods such as rapid slide agglutination test, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, agar gel immunodiffusion test, and buffered plate antigen test were performed. Four genes were evaluated: (i) The gene coding for the BCSP31 protein, (ii) the ribosomal gene coding for the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region, (iii) the gene coding for porins omp2a/omp2b, and (iv) the gene coding for the insertion sequence IS711. Results: The results obtained were as follows: (1) For the primers that amplify the gene coding for the BCSP31 protein: S: 45.64% (confidence interval [CI] 39.81-51.46), Sp: 95.62% (CI 93.13-98.12), and LR+: 10.43 (CI 6.04-18); (2) for the primers that amplify the ribosomal gene of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region: S: 69.80% (CI 64.42-75.18), Sp: 95.62 % (CI 93.13-98.12), and LR+: 11.52 (CI 7.31-18.13); (3) for the primers that amplify the omp2a and omp2b genes: S: 39.26% (CI 33.55-44.97), Sp: 97.31% (CI 95.30-99.32), and LR+ 14.58 (CI 7.25-29.29); and (4) for the primers that amplify the insertion sequence IS711: S: 22.82% (CI 17.89 - 27.75), Sp: 99.66% (CI 98.84-100), and LR+ 67.77 (CI 9.47-484.89). Conclusion: We concluded that the gene coding for the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region was the one that best detected Brucella spp. in canine clinical samples. PMID:29657404

A 2D electrostatic PIC code for the Mark III Hypercube

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ferraro, R.D.; Liewer, P.C.; Decyk, V.K.

We have implemented a 2D electrostastic plasma particle in cell (PIC) simulation code on the Caltech/JPL Mark IIIfp Hypercube. The code simulates plasma effects by evolving in time the trajectories of thousands to millions of charged particles subject to their self-consistent fields. Each particle`s position and velocity is advanced in time using a leap frog method for integrating Newton`s equations of motion in electric and magnetic fields. The electric field due to these moving charged particles is calculated on a spatial grid at each time by solving Poisson`s equation in Fourier space. These two tasks represent the largest part ofmore » the computation. To obtain efficient operation on a distributed memory parallel computer, we are using the General Concurrent PIC (GCPIC) algorithm previously developed for a 1D parallel PIC code.« less

GPS receiver CODE bias estimation: A comparison of two methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCaffrey, Anthony M.; Jayachandran, P. T.; Themens, D. R.; Langley, R. B.

2017-04-01

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a valuable tool in the measurement and monitoring of ionospheric total electron content (TEC). To obtain accurate GPS-derived TEC, satellite and receiver hardware biases, known as differential code biases (DCBs), must be estimated and removed. The Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) provides monthly averages of receiver DCBs for a significant number of stations in the International Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service (IGS) network. A comparison of the monthly receiver DCBs provided by CODE with DCBs estimated using the minimization of standard deviations (MSD) method on both daily and monthly time intervals, is presented. Calibrated TEC obtained using CODE-derived DCBs, is accurate to within 0.74 TEC units (TECU) in differenced slant TEC (sTEC), while calibrated sTEC using MSD-derived DCBs results in an accuracy of 1.48 TECU.

The fourfold way of the genetic code.

PubMed

Jiménez-Montaño, Miguel Angel

2009-11-01

We describe a compact representation of the genetic code that factorizes the table in quartets. It represents a "least grammar" for the genetic language. It is justified by the Klein-4 group structure of RNA bases and codon doublets. The matrix of the outer product between the column-vector of bases and the corresponding row-vector V(T)=(C G U A), considered as signal vectors, has a block structure consisting of the four cosets of the KxK group of base transformations acting on doublet AA. This matrix, translated into weak/strong (W/S) and purine/pyrimidine (R/Y) nucleotide classes, leads to a code table with mixed and unmixed families in separate regions. A basic difference between them is the non-commuting (R/Y) doublets: AC/CA, GU/UG. We describe the degeneracy in the canonical code and the systematic changes in deviant codes in terms of the divisors of 24, employing modulo multiplication groups. We illustrate binary sub-codes characterizing mutations in the quartets. We introduce a decision-tree to predict the mode of tRNA recognition corresponding to each codon, and compare our result with related findings by Jestin and Soulé [Jestin, J.-L., Soulé, C., 2007. Symmetries by base substitutions in the genetic code predict 2' or 3' aminoacylation of tRNAs. J. Theor. Biol. 247, 391-394], and the rearrangements of the table by Delarue [Delarue, M., 2007. An asymmetric underlying rule in the assignment of codons: possible clue to a quick early evolution of the genetic code via successive binary choices. RNA 13, 161-169] and Rodin and Rodin [Rodin, S.N., Rodin, A.S., 2008. On the origin of the genetic code: signatures of its primordial complementarity in tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Heredity 100, 341-355], respectively.

Energetic Azido Compounds

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-28

Dr. F. Roberto Lt. S. Clift Naval Weapons Center 3 Mr. ;. Geisler Chi•a Lakre, CA 93555 4a Attn: Dr. A. Amsrer, Code 385 U.S. Army Research Office I...Research Naval: Weapons Center 1 Directorate of Chemical Sciences China Lake, CA 93555 Bolling Air Force Base Attn: Mr. H. Richter, Code 3858

40 CFR 262.87 - Reporting and recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... movements subject to this subpart, persons (e.g., exporters, recognized traders) who meet the definition of...(s) and applicable waste code(s) from the appropriate OECD waste list incorporated by reference in... imprisonment. (b) Exception reports. Any person who meets the definition of primary exporter in § 262.51 or who...

40 CFR 262.87 - Reporting and recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... movements subject to this subpart, persons (e.g., exporters, recognized traders) who meet the definition of...(s) and applicable waste code(s) from the appropriate OECD waste list incorporated by reference in... imprisonment. (b) Exception reports. Any person who meets the definition of primary exporter in § 262.51 or who...

40 CFR 262.87 - Reporting and recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... movements subject to this subpart, persons (e.g., exporters, recognized traders) who meet the definition of...(s) and applicable waste code(s) from the appropriate OECD waste list incorporated by reference in... imprisonment. (b) Exception reports. Any person who meets the definition of primary exporter in § 262.51 or who...

40 CFR 262.87 - Reporting and recordkeeping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... movements subject to this subpart, persons (e.g., exporters, recognized traders) who meet the definition of...(s) and applicable waste code(s) from the appropriate OECD waste list incorporated by reference in... imprisonment. (b) Exception reports. Any person who meets the definition of primary exporter in § 262.51 or who...

Fracture Analysis of Welded Type 304 Stainless Steel Pipe

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-11-01

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . In order to accomplish these objectives, a series of seven full...Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code , Section XI IWB-3640 (Winter Addenda 1983). 5. Ranganath, S., and U.S. Mehta, "Engineering Methods for

47 CFR 3.22 - Number of accounting authority identification codes per applicant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... AUTHORIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF ACCOUNTING AUTHORITIES IN MARITIME AND MARITIME MOBILE-SATELLITE RADIO SERVICES Application Procedures § 3.22 Number of accounting authority identification codes per applicant... assign U.S. AAICs for entities settling accounts of U.S. licensed vessels in the maritime mobile and...

Code Properties from Holographic Geometries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pastawski, Fernando; Preskill, John

2017-04-01

Almheiri, Dong, and Harlow [J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2015) 163., 10.1007/JHEP04(2015)163] proposed a highly illuminating connection between the AdS /CFT holographic correspondence and operator algebra quantum error correction (OAQEC). Here, we explore this connection further. We derive some general results about OAQEC, as well as results that apply specifically to quantum codes that admit a holographic interpretation. We introduce a new quantity called price, which characterizes the support of a protected logical system, and find constraints on the price and the distance for logical subalgebras of quantum codes. We show that holographic codes defined on bulk manifolds with asymptotically negative curvature exhibit uberholography, meaning that a bulk logical algebra can be supported on a boundary region with a fractal structure. We argue that, for holographic codes defined on bulk manifolds with asymptotically flat or positive curvature, the boundary physics must be highly nonlocal, an observation with potential implications for black holes and for quantum gravity in AdS space at distance scales that are small compared to the AdS curvature radius.

Residential Building Energy Code Field Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

R. Bartlett, M. Halverson, V. Mendon, J. Hathaway, Y. Xie

This document presents a methodology for assessing baseline energy efficiency in new single-family residential buildings and quantifying related savings potential. The approach was developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program with the objective of assisting states as they assess energy efficiency in residential buildings and implementation of their building energy codes, as well as to target areas for improvement through energy codes and broader energy-efficiency programs. It is also intended to facilitate a consistent and replicable approach to research studies of this type and establish a transparent data setmore » to represent baseline construction practices across U.S. states.« less

Mechanism of Cytotoxicity of the AIDS Virus, HTLV-III/LAV

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-21

distribution unlimited 4. PERFORMING OR3ANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER($) 143-065-3611-Al 6s. NAME OF PERFORMING... ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME Of MONITORING ORGANIZATIONj (I aI cb) Washinton University k€. ADORESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS...IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATiON U.S. Army Medical (if awible) Resch. & Development Command DArJM-17-87-C-7101 Sc. ADDRESS (Oil, State, and ZIP Code

QOS-aware error recovery in wireless body sensor networks using adaptive network coding.

PubMed

Razzaque, Mohammad Abdur; Javadi, Saeideh S; Coulibaly, Yahaya; Hira, Muta Tah

2014-12-29

Wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) for healthcare and medical applications are real-time and life-critical infrastructures, which require a strict guarantee of quality of service (QoS), in terms of latency, error rate and reliability. Considering the criticality of healthcare and medical applications, WBSNs need to fulfill users/applications and the corresponding network's QoS requirements. For instance, for a real-time application to support on-time data delivery, a WBSN needs to guarantee a constrained delay at the network level. A network coding-based error recovery mechanism is an emerging mechanism that can be used in these systems to support QoS at very low energy, memory and hardware cost. However, in dynamic network environments and user requirements, the original non-adaptive version of network coding fails to support some of the network and user QoS requirements. This work explores the QoS requirements of WBSNs in both perspectives of QoS. Based on these requirements, this paper proposes an adaptive network coding-based, QoS-aware error recovery mechanism for WBSNs. It utilizes network-level and user-/application-level information to make it adaptive in both contexts. Thus, it provides improved QoS support adaptively in terms of reliability, energy efficiency and delay. Simulation results show the potential of the proposed mechanism in terms of adaptability, reliability, real-time data delivery and network lifetime compared to its counterparts.

Bit Error Probability for Maximum Likelihood Decoding of Linear Block Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Shu; Fossorier, Marc P. C.; Rhee, Dojun

1996-01-01

In this paper, the bit error probability P(sub b) for maximum likelihood decoding of binary linear codes is investigated. The contribution of each information bit to P(sub b) is considered. For randomly generated codes, it is shown that the conventional approximation at high SNR P(sub b) is approximately equal to (d(sub H)/N)P(sub s), where P(sub s) represents the block error probability, holds for systematic encoding only. Also systematic encoding provides the minimum P(sub b) when the inverse mapping corresponding to the generator matrix of the code is used to retrieve the information sequence. The bit error performances corresponding to other generator matrix forms are also evaluated. Although derived for codes with a generator matrix randomly generated, these results are shown to provide good approximations for codes used in practice. Finally, for decoding methods which require a generator matrix with a particular structure such as trellis decoding or algebraic-based soft decision decoding, equivalent schemes that reduce the bit error probability are discussed.

What the success of brain imaging implies about the neural code

PubMed Central

Guest, Olivia; Love, Bradley C

2017-01-01

The success of fMRI places constraints on the nature of the neural code. The fact that researchers can infer similarities between neural representations, despite fMRI’s limitations, implies that certain neural coding schemes are more likely than others. For fMRI to succeed given its low temporal and spatial resolution, the neural code must be smooth at the voxel and functional level such that similar stimuli engender similar internal representations. Through proof and simulation, we determine which coding schemes are plausible given both fMRI’s successes and its limitations in measuring neural activity. Deep neural network approaches, which have been forwarded as computational accounts of the ventral stream, are consistent with the success of fMRI, though functional smoothness breaks down in the later network layers. These results have implications for the nature of the neural code and ventral stream, as well as what can be successfully investigated with fMRI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21397.001 PMID:28103186

Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12 Graphs for Representing the Amino Acids.

PubMed

José, Marco V; Morgado, Eberto R; Guimarães, Romeu Cardoso; Zamudio, Gabriel S; de Farías, Sávio Torres; Bobadilla, Juan R; Sosa, Daniela

2014-08-11

Three-dimensional algebraic models, also called Genetic Hotels, are developed to represent the Standard Genetic Code, the Standard tRNA Code (S-tRNA-C), and the Human tRNA code (H-tRNA-C). New algebraic concepts are introduced to be able to describe these models, to wit, the generalization of the 2n-Klein Group and the concept of a subgroup coset with a tail. We found that the H-tRNA-C displayed broken symmetries in regard to the S-tRNA-C, which is highly symmetric. We also show that there are only 12 ways to represent each of the corresponding phenotypic graphs of amino acids. The averages of statistical centrality measures of the 12 graphs for each of the three codes are carried out and they are statistically compared. The phenotypic graphs of the S-tRNA-C display a common triangular prism of amino acids in 10 out of the 12 graphs, whilst the corresponding graphs for the H-tRNA-C display only two triangular prisms. The graphs exhibit disjoint clusters of amino acids when their polar requirement values are used. We contend that the S-tRNA-C is in a frozen-like state, whereas the H-tRNA-C may be in an evolving state.

Quantum Error Correction Protects Quantum Search Algorithms Against Decoherence

PubMed Central

Botsinis, Panagiotis; Babar, Zunaira; Alanis, Dimitrios; Chandra, Daryus; Nguyen, Hung; Ng, Soon Xin; Hanzo, Lajos

2016-01-01

When quantum computing becomes a wide-spread commercial reality, Quantum Search Algorithms (QSA) and especially Grover’s QSA will inevitably be one of their main applications, constituting their cornerstone. Most of the literature assumes that the quantum circuits are free from decoherence. Practically, decoherence will remain unavoidable as is the Gaussian noise of classic circuits imposed by the Brownian motion of electrons, hence it may have to be mitigated. In this contribution, we investigate the effect of quantum noise on the performance of QSAs, in terms of their success probability as a function of the database size to be searched, when decoherence is modelled by depolarizing channels’ deleterious effects imposed on the quantum gates. Moreover, we employ quantum error correction codes for limiting the effects of quantum noise and for correcting quantum flips. More specifically, we demonstrate that, when we search for a single solution in a database having 4096 entries using Grover’s QSA at an aggressive depolarizing probability of 10−3, the success probability of the search is 0.22 when no quantum coding is used, which is improved to 0.96 when Steane’s quantum error correction code is employed. Finally, apart from Steane’s code, the employment of Quantum Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (QBCH) codes is also considered. PMID:27924865

Leveraging the NLM map from SNOMED CT to ICD-10-CM to facilitate adoption of ICD-10-CM.

PubMed

Cartagena, F Phil; Schaeffer, Molly; Rifai, Dorothy; Doroshenko, Victoria; Goldberg, Howard S

2015-05-01

Develop and test web services to retrieve and identify the most precise ICD-10-CM code(s) for a given clinical encounter. Facilitate creation of user interfaces that 1) provide an initial shortlist of candidate codes, ideally visible on a single screen; and 2) enable code refinement. To satisfy our high-level use cases, the analysis and design process involved reviewing available maps and crosswalks, designing the rule adjudication framework, determining necessary metadata, retrieving related codes, and iteratively improving the code refinement algorithm. The Partners ICD-10-CM Search and Mapping Services (PI-10 Services) are SOAP web services written using Microsoft's.NET 4.0 Framework, Windows Communications Framework, and SQL Server 2012. The services cover 96% of the Partners problem list subset of SNOMED CT codes that map to ICD-10-CM codes and can return up to 76% of the 69,823 billable ICD-10-CM codes prior to creation of custom mapping rules. We consider ways to increase 1) the coverage ratio of the Partners problem list subset of SNOMED CT codes and 2) the upper bound of returnable ICD-10-CM codes by creating custom mapping rules. Future work will investigate the utility of the transitive closure of SNOMED CT codes and other methods to assist in custom rule creation and, ultimately, to provide more complete coverage of ICD-10-CM codes. ICD-10-CM will be easier for clinicians to manage if applications display short lists of candidate codes from which clinicians can subsequently select a code for further refinement. The PI-10 Services support ICD-10 migration by implementing this paradigm and enabling users to consistently and accurately find the best ICD-10-CM code(s) without translation from ICD-9-CM. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Modulation and coding for satellite and space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yuen, Joseph H.; Simon, Marvin K.; Pollara, Fabrizio; Divsalar, Dariush; Miller, Warner H.; Morakis, James C.; Ryan, Carl R.

1990-01-01

Several modulation and coding advances supported by NASA are summarized. To support long-constraint-length convolutional code, a VLSI maximum-likelihood decoder, utilizing parallel processing techniques, which is being developed to decode convolutional codes of constraint length 15 and a code rate as low as 1/6 is discussed. A VLSI high-speed 8-b Reed-Solomon decoder which is being developed for advanced tracking and data relay satellite (ATDRS) applications is discussed. A 300-Mb/s modem with continuous phase modulation (CPM) and codings which is being developed for ATDRS is discussed. Trellis-coded modulation (TCM) techniques are discussed for satellite-based mobile communication applications.

Reaction path of energetic materials using THOR code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duraes, L.; Campos, J.; Portugal, A.

1997-07-01

The method of predicting reaction path, using a thermochemical computer code, named THOR, allows for isobar and isochor adiabatic combustion and CJ detonation regimes, the calculation of the composition and thermodynamic properties of reaction products of energetic materials. THOR code assumes the thermodynamic equilibria of all possible products, for the minimum Gibbs free energy, using a thermal equation of state (EoS). The used HL EoS is a new EoS developed in previous works. HL EoS is supported by a Boltzmann EoS, taking α =13.5 to the exponent of the intermolecular potential and θ=1.4 to the adimensional temperature. This code allows now the possibility of estimating various sets of reaction products, obtained successively by the decomposition of the original reacting compound, as a function of the released energy. Two case studies of thermal decomposition procedure were selected, described, calculated and discussed - Ammonium Nitrate based explosives and Nitromethane - because they are very known explosives and their equivalence ratio is respectively near and greater than the stoicheiometry. Predictions of detonation properties of other condensed explosives, as a function of energy release, present results in good correlation with experimental values.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: E85 Codes and Standards

Science.gov Websites

Development Equipment Options Equipment Installation Codes, Standards, & Safety Vehicles Laws & ; Incentives Ethanol Codes, Standards, and Safety The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of -Gasoline Blends. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates some fuel-dispensing

48 CFR 304.7001 - Numbering acquisitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the contracting office within the servicing... following: (1) The three-digit identification code (HHS) of the Department. (2) A one-digit numeric...: P SAMHSA: S (3) The three-digit numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the...

48 CFR 304.7001 - Numbering acquisitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the contracting office within the servicing... following: (1) The three-digit identification code (HHS) of the Department. (2) A one-digit numeric...: P SAMHSA: S (3) The three-digit numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the...

48 CFR 304.7001 - Numbering acquisitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the contracting office within the servicing... following: (1) The three-digit identification code (HHS) of the Department. (2) A one-digit numeric...: P SAMHSA: S (3) The three-digit numeric identification code assigned by ASFR/OGAPA/DA to the...

Qualitative assessment of cause-of-injury coding in U.S. military hospitals: NATO standardization agreement (STANAG) 2050.

PubMed

Amoroso, P J; Smith, G S; Bell, N S

2000-04-01

Accurate injury cause data are essential for injury prevention research. U.S. military hospitals, unlike civilian hospitals, use the NATO STANAG system for cause-of-injury coding. Reported deficiencies in civilian injury cause data suggested a need to specifically evaluate the STANAG. The Total Army Injury and Health Outcomes Database (TAIHOD) was used to evaluate worldwide Army injury hospitalizations, especially STANAG Trauma, Injury, and Place of Occurrence coding. We conducted a review of hospital procedures at Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMC) including injury cause and intent coding, potential crossover between acute injuries and musculoskeletal conditions, and data for certain hospital patients who are not true admissions. We also evaluated the use of free-text injury comment fields in three hospitals. Army-wide review of injury records coding revealed full compliance with cause coding, although nonspecific codes appeared to be overused. A small but intensive single hospital records review revealed relatively poor intent coding but good activity and cause coding. Data on specific injury history were present on most acute injury records and 75% of musculoskeletal conditions. Place of Occurrence coding, although inherently nonspecific, was over 80% accurate. Review of text fields produced additional details of the injuries in over 80% of cases. STANAG intent coding specificity was poor, while coding of cause of injury was at least comparable to civilian systems. The strengths of military hospital data systems are an exceptionally high compliance with injury cause coding, the availability of free text, and capture of all population hospital records without regard to work-relatedness. Simple changes in procedures could greatly improve data quality.

Specification Improvement Through Analysis of Proof Structure (SITAPS): High Assurance Software Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-01

from the tools being used. For example, while Coq proves properties it does not dump an explanation of the proofs in any currently supported form. The...Distribution Unlimited 5 Hotel room locks and card keys use a simple protocol to manage the transition of rooms from one guest to the next. The lock...retains that guest key’s code. A new guest checks in and gets a card with a new current code, and the previous code set to the previous guest’s current

Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC)-Basic Scattering Code. Part I. User’s Manual.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-09-01

Command RT : 29 I. Command PG: 32 J. Command GP: 35 K. Command CG: 36 L. Command SG: 39 M. Command AM: 44 N. Conumand PR: 48 0. Command NP: 49 P...these points and con- firm the validity of the solution. 1 0 1 -.- ’----.- ... The source presently considered in the computer code is an Plec - tric...Range Input 28 * RT : Translate and/or Rotate Coordinates 29 SG: Source Geometry Input IQ TO: Test Data Generation Options 17 [IN: Units of Input U)S

14 CFR 91.215 - ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... interrogations with the code specified by ATC, or a Mode S capability, replying to Mode 3/A interrogations with the code specified by ATC and intermode and Mode S interrogations in accordance with the applicable... equipment having a Mode C capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations by transmitting...

14 CFR 91.215 - ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... interrogations with the code specified by ATC, or a Mode S capability, replying to Mode 3/A interrogations with the code specified by ATC and intermode and Mode S interrogations in accordance with the applicable... equipment having a Mode C capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations by transmitting...

14 CFR 91.215 - ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... interrogations with the code specified by ATC, or a Mode S capability, replying to Mode 3/A interrogations with the code specified by ATC and intermode and Mode S interrogations in accordance with the applicable... equipment having a Mode C capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations by transmitting...

14 CFR 91.215 - ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... interrogations with the code specified by ATC, or a Mode S capability, replying to Mode 3/A interrogations with the code specified by ATC and intermode and Mode S interrogations in accordance with the applicable... equipment having a Mode C capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations by transmitting...

14 CFR 91.215 - ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... interrogations with the code specified by ATC, or a Mode S capability, replying to Mode 3/A interrogations with the code specified by ATC and intermode and Mode S interrogations in accordance with the applicable... equipment having a Mode C capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations by transmitting...

40 CFR Appendix I to Part 264 - Recordkeeping Instructions

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...., liquid, sludge, solid, or contained gas. If the waste is not listed in part 261, subpart D, of this... from production of ----, EPA Hazardous Waste Number W051). Each hazardous waste listed in part 261... Methods Enter the handling code(s) listed below that most closely represents the technique(s) used at the...

Sparse/DCT (S/DCT) two-layered representation of prediction residuals for video coding.

PubMed

Kang, Je-Won; Gabbouj, Moncef; Kuo, C-C Jay

2013-07-01

In this paper, we propose a cascaded sparse/DCT (S/DCT) two-layer representation of prediction residuals, and implement this idea on top of the state-of-the-art high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. First, a dictionary is adaptively trained to contain featured patterns of residual signals so that a high portion of energy in a structured residual can be efficiently coded via sparse coding. It is observed that the sparse representation alone is less effective in the R-D performance due to the side information overhead at higher bit rates. To overcome this problem, the DCT representation is cascaded at the second stage. It is applied to the remaining signal to improve coding efficiency. The two representations successfully complement each other. It is demonstrated by experimental results that the proposed algorithm outperforms the HEVC reference codec HM5.0 in the Common Test Condition.

Reading the Second Code: Mapping Epigenomes to Understand Plant Growth, Development, and Adaptation to the Environment[OA

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

We have entered a new era in agricultural and biomedical science made possible by remarkable advances in DNA sequencing technologies. The complete sequence of an individual’s set of chromosomes (collectively, its genome) provides a primary genetic code for what makes that individual unique, just as the contents of every personal computer reflect the unique attributes of its owner. But a second code, composed of “epigenetic” layers of information, affects the accessibility of the stored information and the execution of specific tasks. Nature’s second code is enigmatic and must be deciphered if we are to fully understand and optimize the genetic potential of crop plants. The goal of the Epigenomics of Plants International Consortium is to crack this second code, and ultimately master its control, to help catalyze a new green revolution. PMID:22751210

Development of structured ICD-10 and its application to computer-assisted ICD coding.

PubMed

Imai, Takeshi; Kajino, Masayuki; Sato, Megumi; Ohe, Kazuhiko

2010-01-01

This paper presents: (1) a framework of formal representation of ICD10, which functions as a bridge between ontological information and natural language expressions; and (2) a methodology to use formally described ICD10 for computer-assisted ICD coding. First, we analyzed and structurized the meanings of categories in 15 chapters of ICD10. Then we expanded the structured ICD10 (S-ICD10) by adding subordinate concepts and labels derived from Japanese Standard Disease Names. The information model to describe formal representation was refined repeatedly. The resultant model includes 74 types of semantic links. We also developed an ICD coding module based on S-ICD10 and a 'Coding Principle,' which achieved high accuracy (>70%) for four chapters. These results not only demonstrate the basic feasibility of our coding framework but might also inform the development of the information model for formal description framework in the ICD11 revision.

Faith and Ethics, Covenant and Code: The 2015 Revision of the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements.

PubMed

Fowler, Marsha D

How does and should the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements, with foundations from the late 1800s, impact today's nursing practice? How can the Code help you? The earlier 2001 Code was revised and became effective January 2015. The nine provisions received modest revision, as did the corresponding interpretive statements. However, Provisions 8 and 9 and their interpretive statements received more substantial revision. This article explains the Code and summarizes the 2015 revisions, considering points of particular interest for nurses of faith.

Investigation on the Capability of a Non Linear CFD Code to Simulate Wave Propagation

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-02-01

Linear CFD Code to Simulate Wave Propagation Pedro de la Calzada Pablo Quintana Manuel Antonio Burgos ITP, S.A. Parque Empresarial Fernando avenida...mechanisms above presented, simulation of unsteady aerodynamics with linear and nonlinear CFD codes is an ongoing activity within the turbomachinery industry

47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

(U) Ristra Next Generation Code Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hungerford, Aimee L.; Daniel, David John

LANL’s Weapons Physics management (ADX) and ASC program office have defined a strategy for exascale-class application codes that follows two supportive, and mutually risk-mitigating paths: evolution for established codes (with a strong pedigree within the user community) based upon existing programming paradigms (MPI+X); and Ristra (formerly known as NGC), a high-risk/high-reward push for a next-generation multi-physics, multi-scale simulation toolkit based on emerging advanced programming systems (with an initial focus on data-flow task-based models exemplified by Legion [5]). Development along these paths is supported by the ATDM, IC, and CSSE elements of the ASC program, with the resulting codes forming amore » common ecosystem, and with algorithm and code exchange between them anticipated. Furthermore, solution of some of the more challenging problems of the future will require a federation of codes working together, using established-pedigree codes in partnership with new capabilities as they come on line. The role of Ristra as the high-risk/high-reward path for LANL’s codes is fully consistent with its role in the Advanced Technology Development and Mitigation (ATDM) sub-program of ASC (see Appendix C), in particular its emphasis on evolving ASC capabilities through novel programming models and data management technologies.« less

Scientific and Technical Publishing at Goddard Space Flight Center in Fiscal Year 1994

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1994-01-01

This publication is a compilation of scientific and technical material that was researched, written, prepared, and disseminated by the Center's scientists and engineers during FY94. It is presented in numerical order of the GSFC author's sponsoring technical directorate; i.e., Code 300 is the Office of Flight Assurance, Code 400 is the Flight Projects Directorate, Code 500 is the Mission Operations and Data Systems Directorate, Code 600 is the Space Sciences Directorate, Code 700 is the Engineering Directorate, Code 800 is the Suborbital Projects and Operations Directorate, and Code 900 is the Earth Sciences Directorate. The publication database contains publication or presentation title, author(s), document type, sponsor, and organizational code. This is the second annual compilation for the Center.

Two Perspectives on the Origin of the Standard Genetic Code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sengupta, Supratim; Aggarwal, Neha; Bandhu, Ashutosh Vishwa

2014-12-01

The origin of a genetic code made it possible to create ordered sequences of amino acids. In this article we provide two perspectives on code origin by carrying out simulations of code-sequence coevolution in finite populations with the aim of examining how the standard genetic code may have evolved from more primitive code(s) encoding a small number of amino acids. We determine the efficacy of the physico-chemical hypothesis of code origin in the absence and presence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) by allowing a diverse collection of code-sequence sets to compete with each other. We find that in the absence of horizontal gene transfer, natural selection between competing codes distinguished by differences in the degree of physico-chemical optimization is unable to explain the structure of the standard genetic code. However, for certain probabilities of the horizontal transfer events, a universal code emerges having a structure that is consistent with the standard genetic code.

“Afraid of Being Witchy with a ‘B’”: A Qualitative Study of How Gender Influences Residents’ Experiences Leading Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

PubMed Central

Kolehmainen, Christine; Brennan, Meghan; Filut, Amarette; Isaac, Carol; Carnes, Molly

2014-01-01

Purpose Ineffective leadership during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (“code”) can negatively affect a patient’s likelihood of survival. In most teaching hospitals, internal medicine residents lead codes. In this study, the authors explored internal medicine residents’ experiences leading codes, with a particular focus on how gender influences the code leadership experience. Method The authors conducted individual, semi-structured telephone or in-person interviews with 25 residents (May 2012 to February 2013) from 9 U.S. internal medicine residency programs. They audio recorded and transcribed the interviews then thematically analyzed the transcribed text. Results Participants viewed a successful code as one with effective leadership. They agreed that the ideal code leader was an authoritative presence; spoke with a deep, loud voice; used clear, direct communication; and appeared calm. Although equally able to lead codes as their male colleagues, female participants described feeling stress from having to violate gender behavioral norms in the role of code leader. In response, some female participants adopted rituals to signal the suspension of gender norms while leading a code. Others apologized afterwards for their counter normative behavior. Conclusions Ideal code leadership embodies highly agentic, stereotypical male behaviors. Female residents employed strategies to better integrate the competing identities of code leader and female gender. In the future, residency training should acknowledge how female gender stereotypes may conflict with the behaviors required to enact code leadership and offer some strategies, such as those used by the female residents in this study, to help women integrate these dual identities. PMID:24979289

QuEST: Robust Quantum Gadgets

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-28

the size of the entangled states. Publications for 2011-12: S . T. Flammia , A. W. Harrow and J. Shi. “Local Embeddings of Quantum Codes” in...Publications (published) during reporting period: S . T. Flammia , A. W. Harrow and J. Shi. "Local Embeddings of Quantum Codes," in preparation, 2013. A. W...Publications: S . T. Flammia , A. W. Harrow and J. Shi. "Local Embeddings of Quantum Codes," in preparation, 2013. A. W. Harrow. "Testing Entanglement

Exploring a QoS Driven Scheduling Approach for Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming Systems with Network Coding

PubMed Central

Cui, Laizhong; Lu, Nan; Chen, Fu

2014-01-01

Most large-scale peer-to-peer (P2P) live streaming systems use mesh to organize peers and leverage pull scheduling to transmit packets for providing robustness in dynamic environment. The pull scheduling brings large packet delay. Network coding makes the push scheduling feasible in mesh P2P live streaming and improves the efficiency. However, it may also introduce some extra delays and coding computational overhead. To improve the packet delay, streaming quality, and coding overhead, in this paper are as follows. we propose a QoS driven push scheduling approach. The main contributions of this paper are: (i) We introduce a new network coding method to increase the content diversity and reduce the complexity of scheduling; (ii) we formulate the push scheduling as an optimization problem and transform it to a min-cost flow problem for solving it in polynomial time; (iii) we propose a push scheduling algorithm to reduce the coding overhead and do extensive experiments to validate the effectiveness of our approach. Compared with previous approaches, the simulation results demonstrate that packet delay, continuity index, and coding ratio of our system can be significantly improved, especially in dynamic environments. PMID:25114968

Alternative Formats to Achieve More Efficient Energy Codes for Commercial Buildings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Conover, David R.; Rosenberg, Michael I.; Halverson, Mark A.

2013-01-26

This paper identifies and examines several formats or structures that could be used to create the next generation of more efficient energy codes and standards for commercial buildings. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) to provide technical support to the development of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1. While the majority of PNNL’s ASHRAE Standard 90.1 support focuses on developing and evaluating new requirements, a portion of its work involves consideration of the format of energy standards. In its current working plan, the ASHRAE 90.1 committee has approved an energy goalmore » of 50% improvement in Standard 90.1-2013 relative to Standard 90.1-2004, and will likely be considering higher improvement targets for future versions of the standard. To cost-effectively achieve the 50% goal in manner that can gain stakeholder consensus, formats other than prescriptive must be considered. Alternative formats that include reducing the reliance on prescriptive requirements may make it easier to achieve these aggressive efficiency levels in new codes and standards. The focus on energy code and standard formats is meant to explore approaches to presenting the criteria that will foster compliance, enhance verification, and stimulate innovation while saving energy in buildings. New formats may also make it easier for building designers and owners to design and build the levels of efficiency called for in the new codes and standards. This paper examines a number of potential formats and structures, including prescriptive, performance-based (with sub-formats of performance equivalency and performance targets), capacity constraint-based, and outcome-based. The paper also discusses the pros and cons of each format from the viewpoint of code users and of code enforcers.« less

[QR-Code based patient tracking: a cost-effective option to improve patient safety].

PubMed

Fischer, M; Rybitskiy, D; Strauß, G; Dietz, A; Dressler, C R

2013-03-01

Hospitals are implementing a risk management system to avoid patient or surgery mix-ups. The trend is to use preoperative checklists. This work deals specifically with a type of patient identification, which is realized by storing patient data on a patient-fixed medium. In 127 ENT surgeries data relevant for patient identification were encrypted in a 2D-QR-Code. The code, as a separate document coming with the patient chart or as a patient wristband, has been decrypted in the OR and the patient data were presented visible for all persons. The decoding time, the compliance of the patient data, as well as the duration of the patient identification was compared with the traditional patient identification by inspection of the patient chart. A total of 125 QR codes were read. The time for the decrypting of QR-Code was 5.6 s, the time for the screen view for patient identification was 7.9 s, and for a comparison group of 75 operations traditional patient identification was 27.3 s. Overall, there were 6 relevant information errors in the two parts of the experiment. This represents a ratio of 0.6% for 8 relevant classes per each encrypted QR code. This work allows a cost effective way to technically support patient identification based on electronic patient data. It was shown that the use in the clinical routine is possible. The disadvantage is a potential misinformation from incorrect or missing information in the HIS, or due to changes of the data after the code was created. The QR-code-based patient tracking is seen as a useful complement to the already widely used identification wristband. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

The World Anti-Doping Code: can you have asthma and still be an elite athlete?

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Key points The World Anti-Doping Code (the Code) does place some restrictions on prescribing inhaled β2-agonists, but these can be overcome without jeopardising the treatment of elite athletes with asthma. While the Code permits the use of inhaled glucocorticoids without restriction, oral and intravenous glucocorticoids are prohibited, although a mechanism exists that allows them to be administered for acute severe asthma. Although asthmatic athletes achieved outstanding sporting success during the 1950s and 1960s before any anti-doping rules existed, since introduction of the Code’s policies on some drugs to manage asthma results at the Olympic Games have revealed that athletes with confirmed asthma/airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) have outperformed their non-asthmatic rivals. It appears that years of intensive endurance training can provoke airway injury, AHR and asthma in athletes without any past history of asthma. Although further research is needed, it appears that these consequences of airway injury may abate in some athletes after they have ceased intensive training. The World Anti-Doping Code (the Code) has not prevented asthmatic individuals from becoming elite athletes. This review examines those sections of the Code that are relevant to respiratory physicians who manage elite and sub-elite athletes with asthma. The restrictions that the Code places or may place on the prescription of drugs to prevent and treat asthma in athletes are discussed. In addition, the means by which respiratory physicians are able to treat their elite asthmatic athlete patients with drugs that are prohibited in sport are outlined, along with some of the pitfalls in such management and how best to prevent or minimise them. PMID:27408633

Assessing Children With Disabilities Using WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Child and Youth Version Activities and Participation D Codes

PubMed Central

Gradel, Kim Oren

2015-01-01

Aim: Evaluation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health child and youth version (ICF-CY) activities and participation d code functions in clinical practice with children across diagnoses, disabilities, ages, and genders. Methods: A set of 57 codes were selected and worded to describe children’s support needs in everyday life. Parents of children aged 1 to 15 years participated in interviews to discuss and rate their child’s disability. Results: Of 367 invited parents, 332 (90.5%) participated. The mean age of their children with disability was 9.4 years. The mean code scores were 50.67, the corrected code–total correlations were .76, intercode correlations had the mean of 0.61, and Cronbach’s α was .98. As a result of Rasch analysis, graphical data for disability measures paralleled clinical expectations across the total population of 332 children. Conclusion: The World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health child and youth version d code data can provide a coherent measure of severity of disability in children across various diagnoses, ages, and genders. PMID:28503598

40 CFR Table 10 to Part 455 - List of Appropriate Pollution Control Technologies

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Technologies 1 PAI name 2 PAI code 3 Shaughnessy code 4 Structural group 5 Treatment technology Dicofol 001... Carbon. Vancide TH 004 82901 s-Triazine Activated Carbon. 1,3-Dichloropropene 005 29001 EDB Hydrolysis... 012 84001 Phosphate Hydrolysis. Landrin-2 013 Carbamate Activated Carbon. 2,3,6-T, S&E or Fenac 014...

77 FR 52083 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To List...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-28

... codes of ethics. This Rule requires investment advisers to adopt a code of ethics that reflects the... may purchase fixed income securities issued by U.S. or foreign corporations \\8\\ or financial... stocks. The Fund also may purchase securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or foreign...

77 FR 60687 - Record of Decision for the U.S. Marine Corps Basewide Water Infrastructure Project at Marine...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-04

... Water Infrastructure Project at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California AGENCY: Department of the... Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, 42 United States Code (U.S.C.) Section 4332(2)(c), the regulations of the Council on Environmental Quality for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of NEPA (40 Code of...

Dependents' Educational Assistance Program (DEA), Chapter 25 of Title 38, U.S. Code

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Veterans Affairs, 2005

2005-01-01

This pamphlet provides a general description of the Dependents' Educational Assistance program, or DEA (chapter 35 of title 38, U. S. Code). The DEA program provides education and training opportunities to eligible dependents and survivors of certain veterans. It covers the main questions prospective participants may have about DEA benefits,…

Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12 Graphs for Representing the Amino Acids

PubMed Central

José, Marco V.; Morgado, Eberto R.; Guimarães, Romeu Cardoso; Zamudio, Gabriel S.; de Farías, Sávio Torres; Bobadilla, Juan R.; Sosa, Daniela

2014-01-01

Three-dimensional algebraic models, also called Genetic Hotels, are developed to represent the Standard Genetic Code, the Standard tRNA Code (S-tRNA-C), and the Human tRNA code (H-tRNA-C). New algebraic concepts are introduced to be able to describe these models, to wit, the generalization of the 2n-Klein Group and the concept of a subgroup coset with a tail. We found that the H-tRNA-C displayed broken symmetries in regard to the S-tRNA-C, which is highly symmetric. We also show that there are only 12 ways to represent each of the corresponding phenotypic graphs of amino acids. The averages of statistical centrality measures of the 12 graphs for each of the three codes are carried out and they are statistically compared. The phenotypic graphs of the S-tRNA-C display a common triangular prism of amino acids in 10 out of the 12 graphs, whilst the corresponding graphs for the H-tRNA-C display only two triangular prisms. The graphs exhibit disjoint clusters of amino acids when their polar requirement values are used. We contend that the S-tRNA-C is in a frozen-like state, whereas the H-tRNA-C may be in an evolving state. PMID:25370377

Patient safety principles in family medicine residency accreditation standards and curriculum objectives

PubMed Central

Kassam, Aliya; Sharma, Nishan; Harvie, Margot; O’Beirne, Maeve; Topps, Maureen

2016-01-01

Abstract Objective To conduct a thematic analysis of the College of Family Physicians of Canada’s (CFPC’s) Red Book accreditation standards and the Triple C Competency-based Curriculum objectives with respect to patient safety principles. Design Thematic content analysis of the CFPC’s Red Book accreditation standards and the Triple C curriculum. Setting Canada. Main outcome measures Coding frequency of the patient safety principles (ie, patient engagement; respectful, transparent relationships; complex systems; a just and trusting culture; responsibility and accountability for actions; and continuous learning and improvement) found in the analyzed CFPC documents. Results Within the analyzed CFPC documents, the most commonly found patient safety principle was patient engagement (n = 51 coding references); the least commonly found patient safety principles were a just and trusting culture (n = 5 coding references) and complex systems (n = 5 coding references). Other patient safety principles that were uncommon included responsibility and accountability for actions (n = 7 coding references) and continuous learning and improvement (n = 12 coding references). Conclusion Explicit inclusion of patient safety content such as the use of patient safety principles is needed for residency training programs across Canada to ensure the full spectrum of care is addressed, from community-based care to acute hospital-based care. This will ensure a patient safety culture can be cultivated from residency and sustained into primary care practice. PMID:27965349

History of one family of atmospheric radiative transfer codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anderson, Gail P.; Wang, Jinxue; Hoke, Michael L.; Kneizys, F. X.; Chetwynd, James H., Jr.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Kimball, L. M.; McClatchey, Robert A.; Shettle, Eric P.; Clough, Shepard (.; Gallery, William O.; Abreu, Leonard W.; Selby, John E. A.

1994-12-01

Beginning in the early 1970's, the then Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratory initiated a program to develop computer-based atmospheric radiative transfer algorithms. The first attempts were translations of graphical procedures described in a 1970 report on The Optical Properties of the Atmosphere, based on empirical transmission functions and effective absorption coefficients derived primarily from controlled laboratory transmittance measurements. The fact that spectrally-averaged atmospheric transmittance (T) does not obey the Beer-Lambert Law (T equals exp(-(sigma) (DOT)(eta) ), where (sigma) is a species absorption cross section, independent of (eta) , the species column amount along the path) at any but the finest spectral resolution was already well known. Band models to describe this gross behavior were developed in the 1950's and 60's. Thus began LOWTRAN, the Low Resolution Transmittance Code, first released in 1972. This limited initial effort has how progressed to a set of codes and related algorithms (including line-of-sight spectral geometry, direct and scattered radiance and irradiance, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium, etc.) that contain thousands of coding lines, hundreds of subroutines, and improved accuracy, efficiency, and, ultimately, accessibility. This review will include LOWTRAN, HITRAN (atlas of high-resolution molecular spectroscopic data), FASCODE (Fast Atmospheric Signature Code), and MODTRAN (Moderate Resolution Transmittance Code), their permutations, validations, and applications, particularly as related to passive remote sensing and energy deposition.

Variations in the non-coding transcriptome as a driver of inter-strain divergence and physiological adaptation in bacteria.

PubMed

Kopf, Matthias; Klähn, Stephan; Scholz, Ingeborg; Hess, Wolfgang R; Voß, Björn

2015-04-22

In all studied organisms, a substantial portion of the transcriptome consists of non-coding RNAs that frequently execute regulatory functions. Here, we have compared the primary transcriptomes of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6714 and PCC 6803 under 10 different conditions. These strains share 2854 protein-coding genes and a 16S rRNA identity of 99.4%, indicating their close relatedness. Conserved major transcriptional start sites (TSSs) give rise to non-coding transcripts within the sigB gene, from the 5'UTRs of cmpA and isiA, and 168 loci in antisense orientation. Distinct differences include single nucleotide polymorphisms rendering promoters inactive in one of the strains, e.g., for cmpR and for the asRNA PsbA2R. Based on the genome-wide mapped location, regulation and classification of TSSs, non-coding transcripts were identified as the most dynamic component of the transcriptome. We identified a class of mRNAs that originate by read-through from an sRNA that accumulates as a discrete and abundant transcript while also serving as the 5'UTR. Such an sRNA/mRNA structure, which we name 'actuaton', represents another way for bacteria to remodel their transcriptional network. Our findings support the hypothesis that variations in the non-coding transcriptome constitute a major evolutionary element of inter-strain divergence and capability for physiological adaptation.

Ethical Considerations for Psychologists Taking a Public Stance on Controversial Issues: The Balance Between Personal and Professional Life

PubMed Central

Haeny, Angela M.

2014-01-01

Previous literature has documented the general issues psychologists often face while balancing their personal and professional lives. The struggle stems from attempting to satisfy the need to maintain a life outside of work while having the professional obligation to follow the American Psychological Association’s (APA’s) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (Ethics Code) to prevent their personal lives from interfering with their professional roles and relationships. The present paper analyzes the subject of psychologists taking a public position on controversial public issues. Although the APA Ethics Code does not restrict how psychologists conduct themselves during their personal time, taking a public stance on a controversial issue could potentially strain professional relationships and inadvertently reflect negatively on the profession. The present paper examines ethical issues that a) should be taken into account before psychologists take a public position on a controversial issue, and b) are in conflict with APA’s Ethics Code or current research. PMID:25342876

78 FR 37848 - ASME Code Cases Not Approved for Use

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-24

...The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing for public comment draft regulatory guide (DG), DG-1233, ``ASME Code Cases not Approved for Use.'' This regulatory guide lists the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code Cases that the NRC has determined not to be acceptable for use on a generic basis.

24 CFR 905.312 - Design and construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... constructed in compliance with: (1) A national building code, such as those developed by the International Code Council or the National Fire Protection Association; and the IECC or ASHRAE 90.1-2010 (both... a successor energy code or standard that has been adopted by HUD pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 12709 or...

41 CFR 102-76.10 - What basic design and construction policy governs Federal agencies?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

.... (c) Follow nationally recognized model building codes and other applicable nationally recognized codes that govern Federal construction to the maximum extent feasible and consider local building code requirements. (See 40 U.S.C. 3310 and 3312.) (d) Design Federal buildings to have a long life expectancy and...

Code-Mixing as a Bilingual Instructional Strategy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jiang, Yih-Lin Belinda; García, Georgia Earnest; Willis, Arlette Ingram

2014-01-01

This study investigated code-mixing practices, specifically the use of L2 (English) in an L1 (Chinese) class in a U.S. bilingual program. Our findings indicate that the code-mixing practices made and prompted by the teacher served five pedagogical functions: (a) to enhance students' bilingualism and bilingual learning, (b) to review and…

Shock Spectrum Calculation from Acceleration Time Histories

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

CLASSIFICATIONe OF THIS PAGE (Uh-e DOg ~ 9--t)____________________ REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM I. REPRT NU9911ACCUIISIO6 NO .3ASCCSPICHT’S...SCE. Oakland CA NAVSCOLCECOFF C35 Port Hueneme. CA,. CO, Code C44A Porn Hueneme. CA NAVSEASYSCOM Code 05M13 (Newhouse) Wash DC; Code 6212, Wash DC

Bar Coding the U. S. Government Bill of Lading and the Material Inspection and Receiving Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

of respondents K because some of the replies did not respond to this question.) TABLE 3-2. DD 250 PROCESSING CAPABILITIES AUTOMiATED - BAR CODE...Proposed minimum data elements (both human readable and bar coded) required and why? (3) Proposed signature requirement changes and why? (4) Proposed

Computer Code Aids Design Of Wings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carlson, Harry W.; Darden, Christine M.

1993-01-01

AERO2S computer code developed to aid design engineers in selection and evaluation of aerodynamically efficient wing/canard and wing/horizontal-tail configurations that includes simple hinged-flap systems. Code rapidly estimates longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of conceptual airplane lifting-surface arrangements. Developed in FORTRAN V on CDC 6000 computer system, and ported to MS-DOS environment.

Superimposed Code Theoretic Analysis of DNA Codes and DNA Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

complements of one another and the DNA duplex formed is a Watson - Crick (WC) duplex. However, there are many instances when the formation of non-WC...that the user’s requirements for probe selection are met based on the Watson - Crick probe locality within a target. The second type, called...AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2007-288 Final Technical Report January 2008 SUPERIMPOSED CODE THEORETIC ANALYSIS OF DNA CODES AND DNA COMPUTING

Axisymmetric Tandem Mirrors: Stabilization and Confinement Studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Post, R.F.; Fowler, T.K.; Bulmer, R.

2005-01-15

The 'Kinetic Stabilizer' has been proposed as a means of MHD stabilizing an axisymmetric tandem mirror system. The K-S concept is based on theoretical studies by Ryutov, confirmed experimentally in the Gas Dynamic Trap experiment in Novosibirsk. In the K-S beams of ions are directed into the end of an 'expander' region outside the outer mirror of a tandem mirror. These ions, slowed, stagnated, and reflected as they move up the magnetic gradient, produce a low-density stabilizing plasma.At the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory we have been conducting theoretical and computational studies of the K-S Tandem Mirror. These studies have employedmore » a low-beta code written especially to analyze the beam injection/stabilization process,and a new code SYMTRAN (by Hua and Fowler)that solves the coupled radial and axial particle and energy transport in a K-S T-M. Also, a 'legacy' MHD stability code, FLORA, has been upgraded and employed to benchmark the injection/stabilization code and to extend its results to high beta values.The FLORA code studies so far have confirmed the effectiveness of the K-S in stabilizing high-beta (40%) plasmas with stabilizer plasmas the peak pressures of which are several orders of magnitude smaller than those of the confined plasma.Also the SYMTRAN code has shown D-T plasma ignition from alpha particle energy deposition in T-M regimes with strong end plugging.Our studies have confirmed the viability of the K-S T-M concept with respect to MHD stability and radial and axial confinement. We are continuing these studies in order to optimize the parameters and to examine means for the stabilization of possible residual instability modes, such as drift modes and 'trapped-particle' modes. These modes may in principle be controlled by tailoring the stabilizer plasma distribution and/or the radial potential distribution.In the paper the results to date of our studies are summarized and projected to scope out possible fusion-power versions of the K-S T-M.« less

Axisymmetric Tandem Mirrors: Stabilization and Confinement Studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Post, R F; Fowler, T K; Bulmer, R

2004-07-15

The 'Kinetic Stabilizer' has been proposed as a means of MHD stabilizing an axisymmetric tandem mirror system. The K-S concept is based on theoretical studies by Ryutov, confirmed experimentally in the Gas Dynamic Trap experiment in Novosibirsk. In the K-S beams of ions are directed into the end of an 'expander' region outside the outer mirror of a tandem mirror. These ions, slowed, stagnated, and reflected as they move up the magnetic gradient, produce a low-density stabilizing plasma. At the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory we have been conducting theoretical and computational studies of the K-S Tandem Mirror. These studies havemore » employed a low-beta code written especially to analyze the beam injection/stabilization process, and a new code SYMTRAN (by Hua and Fowler) that solves the coupled radial and axial particle and energy transport in a K-S TM. Also, a 'legacy' MHD stability code, FLORA, has been upgraded and employed to benchmark the injection/stabilization code and to extend its results to high beta values. The FLORA code studies so far have confirmed the effectiveness of the K-S in stabilizing high-beta (40%) plasmas with stabilizer plasmas the peak pressures of which are several orders of magnitude smaller than those of the confined plasma. Also the SYMTRAN code has shown D-T plasma ignition from alpha particle energy deposition in T-M regimes with strong end plugging. Our studies have confirmed the viability of the K-S-T-M concept with respect to MHD stability and radial and axial confinement. We are continuing these studies in order to optimize the parameters and to examine means for the stabilization of possible residual instability modes, such as drift modes and 'trapped-particle' modes. These modes may in principle be controlled by tailoring the stabilizer plasma distribution and/or the radial potential distribution. In the paper the results to date of our studies are summarized and projected to scope out possible fusion-power versions of the K-S T-M« less

City Reach Code Technical Support Document

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Athalye, Rahul A.; Chen, Yan; Zhang, Jian

This report describes and analyzes a set of energy efficiency measures that will save 20% energy over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013. The measures will be used to formulate a Reach Code for cities aiming to go beyond national model energy codes. A coalition of U.S. cities together with other stakeholders wanted to facilitate the development of voluntary guidelines and standards that can be implemented in stages at the city level to improve building energy efficiency. The coalition's efforts are being supported by the U.S. Department of Energy via Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and in collaboration with the New Buildings Institute.

The Navy’s Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Wave Prediction System

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-15

is provided below. llMurly lurtir llcai Mux. N. M,*!. Heal I luv . .tn.l Wind Sura f»f \\. Hu. Alia il.t.iujn 2«OX) i n.H 1 1 1 T 1 1...DATE IDD-MM YYYY) 15-04-201 I 2. REPORT TYPE Conference Proceeding 3. DATES COVERED (From To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Navy’s Coupled...Code 7Q3n A I Division, Code I Author, Code i .y "f^****^ Cv^py>v’V/v^ 1. Release of this paper is approved. 2. To the best knowledge of

Inhibition of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation by LRH-1 Inhibitors

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank, www.pdb.org [ PDB ID codes 4QJR (SF-1/PIP3) and 4QK4 (SF-1/PIP2)]. 1To whom...with Rfree/Rcryst values of 23/19% (Table S2). The structure was deposited with the PDB ID code 4QJR. SF 1/PIP3 (Fig. 1C) adopts the classic NR LBD...PIP2) was solved by molecular replacement, using PDB ID code 1YOW as the search model, and compared with the SF 1/PIP3 structure (Table S2). The

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rearden, Bradley T; Marshall, William BJ J

In the course of criticality code validation, outlier cases are frequently encountered. Historically, the causes of these unexpected results could be diagnosed only through comparison with other similar cases or through the known presence of a unique component of the critical experiment. The sensitivity and uncertainty (S/U) analysis tools available in the SCALE 6.1 code system provide a much broader range of options to examine underlying causes of outlier cases. This paper presents some case studies performed as a part of the recent validation of the KENO codes in SCALE 6.1 using S/U tools to examine potential causes of biases.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Opacities from the Opacity Project (Seaton+, 1995)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seaton, M. J.; Yan, Y.; Mihalas, D.; Pradhan, A. K.

1997-08-01

1 CODES. ***** 1.1 Code rop.for ************ This code reads opacity files written in standard OP format. Its main purpose is to provide documentation on the contents of the files. This code, like the other codes provided, prompts for the name of the file (or files) to be read. The file names read in response to the prompt may have up to 128 characters. 1.2 Code opfit.for ************** This code reads opacity files in standard OP format, and provides for interpolation of opacities to any required values of temperature and mass-density. The method used is described in OPF. The code prompts for the name of a file giving all required control parameters. As an example, the file opfit.dat is provided (users will need to change directory names and file names). The use of opfit.for is illustrated using opfit.dat. Most users will probably want to adapt opfit.for for use as a subroutine in other codes. Timings for DEC 7000 ALPHA: 0.3 sec for data read and initialisations; then 0.0007 sec for each temperature-density point. Users who like OPAL formats should note that opfit.for has a facility to produce files of OP data in OPAL-type formats. 1.3 Code ixz.for ************ This code provides for interpolations to any required values of X and Z. See IXZ. It prompts for the name of a file giving all required control parameters. An example of such a file if provided, ixz.dat (the user will need to change directory and file names). The output files have names s92INT.'nnn'. The user specifies the first value of nnn, and the number of files to be produced. 2. DATA FILES ********** 2.1 Data files for solar metal-mix ****************************** Data for solar metal-mix s92 as defined in SYMP. These files are from version 2 runs of December 1994 (see IXZ for details on Version 2). There are 213 files with names s92.'nnn', 'nnn'=201 to 413. Each file occupies 83762 bytes. The file s92.version2 gives values of X (hydrogen mass-faction) and Z (metals mass-fraction) for each value of 'nnn'. The user can get s92.version2, select the values of 'nnn' required, then get the required files s92.'nnn'. The user can see the file in ftp, displayed on the screen, by typing "get s92.version2 -". The files s92.'nnn' can be used with opfit.for to obtain opacities for any requires value of temperature and mass density. Files for other metal-mixtures will be added in due course. Send requests to mjs@star.ucl.ac.uk. 2.2 Files for interpolation in X and Z ********************************** The data files have names s92xz.'mmm', where 'mmm'=001 to 096. They differ from the standard OP files (such as s92.'nnn' --- section 2.1 above) in that they contain information giving derivatives of opacities with respect to X and Z. Each file s92xz.'mmm' occupies 148241 bytes. The interpolations to any required values of X and Z are made using ixz.for. Timings: on DEC 7000 ALPHA, 2.16 sec for each new-mixture file. For interpolations to some specified values of X and Z, one requires just 4 files s92xz.'mmm'. Most users will not require the complete set of files s92xz.'mmm'. The file s92xz.index includes a table (starting on line 3) giving values, for each 'mmm' file, of x,y,z (abundances by number-factions) and X,Y,Z (abundances by mass-fractions). Users are advised to get the file s92.index, and select values of 'mmm' for files required, then get those files. The files produced by ixz.for are in standard OP format and can be used with opfit.for to obtain opacities for any required values of temperature and mass density. 3 RECOMMENDED PROCEDURE FOR USE OF OPACITY FILES ********************************************** (1) Get the file s92.version2. (2) If the values of X and Z you require are available in the files s92.'nnn' then get those files. (3) If not, get the file s92xz.index. (4) Select from s92xz.index the values of 'mmm' which cover the range of X and Z in which your are interested. Get those files and use ixz.for to generate files for your exact required values of X and Z. (5) Note that the exact abundance mixtures used are specified in each file (see rop.for). Also each run of opfit.for produces a table of abundances. (6) If you want a metal-mix different from that of s92, contact mjs@star.ucl.ac.uk. 4 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS ******************* (1) Data for the calculation of radiative forces are provided as the CDS catalog (added August 1997) (2) Facilities will be added later which will enable the user to make calculations giving files for any required mixtures. (9 data files).

A specific indel marker for the Philippines Schistosoma japonicum revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome sequences.

PubMed

Li, Juan; Chen, Fen; Sugiyama, Hiromu; Blair, David; Lin, Rui-Qing; Zhu, Xing-Quan

2015-07-01

In the present study, near-complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences for Schistosoma japonicum from different regions in the Philippines and Japan were amplified and sequenced. Comparisons among S. japonicum from the Philippines, Japan, and China revealed a geographically based length difference in mt genomes, but the mt genomic organization and gene arrangement were the same. Sequence differences among samples from the Philippines and all samples from the three endemic areas were 0.57-2.12 and 0.76-3.85 %, respectively. The most variable part of the mt genome was the non-coding region. In the coding portion of the genome, protein-coding genes varied more than rRNA genes and tRNAs. The near-complete mt genome sequences for Philippine specimens were identical in length (14,091 bp) which was 4 bp longer than those of S. japonicum samples from Japan and China. This indel provides a unique genetic marker for S. japonicum samples from the Philippines. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated amino acids of 12 protein-coding genes showed that samples of S. japonicum clustered according to their geographical origins. The identified mitochondrial indel marker will be useful for tracing the source of S. japonicum infection in humans and animals in Southeast Asia.

Coded aperture imaging with self-supporting uniformly redundant arrays. [Patent application

DOEpatents

Fenimore, E.E.

1980-09-26

A self-supporting uniformly redundant array pattern for coded aperture imaging. The invention utilizes holes which are an integer times smaller in each direction than holes in conventional URA patterns. A balance correlation function is generated where holes are represented by 1's, nonholes are represented by -1's, and supporting area is represented by 0's. The self-supporting array can be used for low energy applications where substrates would greatly reduce throughput.

Application and Expansion of the Modular Command and Control Evaluation Structure (MCES) as a Framework for Improving Interoperability Management.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

DECLASSIFICATION OWNGRAONG SCIEDULE distribution is unlimited. 4 PERFORMING ORGANIATION REPORT NUMBIR(S) S MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUVBER(S) 6a NAME OF...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 60 OFFICE SYMBOL 7a NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION (if applicable) Naval Postgraduate SchoolJ Code 74 Naval Postgraduate School 6c...FUNOINGi SPONSORING Sb OFFICE SYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If dappicable) 8c AODRESS (City, State. ard ZIP Code

Software Model Checking of ARINC-653 Flight Code with MCP

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, Sarah J.; Brat, Guillaume; Venet, Arnaud

2010-01-01

The ARINC-653 standard defines a common interface for Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) code. In particular, ARINC-653 Part 1 specifies a process- and partition-management API that is analogous to POSIX threads, but with certain extensions and restrictions intended to support the implementation of high reliability flight code. MCP is a software model checker, developed at NASA Ames, that provides capabilities for model checking C and C++ source code. In this paper, we present recent work aimed at implementing extensions to MCP that support ARINC-653, and we discuss the challenges and opportunities that consequentially arise. Providing support for ARINC-653 s time and space partitioning is nontrivial, though there are implicit benefits for partial order reduction possible as a consequence of the API s strict interprocess communication policy.

Design and implementation of H.264 based embedded video coding technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mao, Jian; Liu, Jinming; Zhang, Jiemin

2016-03-01

In this paper, an embedded system for remote online video monitoring was designed and developed to capture and record the real-time circumstances in elevator. For the purpose of improving the efficiency of video acquisition and processing, the system selected Samsung S5PV210 chip as the core processor which Integrated graphics processing unit. And the video was encoded with H.264 format for storage and transmission efficiently. Based on S5PV210 chip, the hardware video coding technology was researched, which was more efficient than software coding. After running test, it had been proved that the hardware video coding technology could obviously reduce the cost of system and obtain the more smooth video display. It can be widely applied for the security supervision [1].

Oil and Gas field code master list 1995

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

This is the fourteenth annual edition of the Energy Information Administration`s (EIA) Oil and Gas Field Code Master List. It reflects data collected through October 1995 and provides standardized field name spellings and codes for all identified oil and/or gas fields in the US. The Field Code Index, a listing of all field names and the States in which they occur, ordered by field code, has been removed from this year`s publications to reduce printing and postage costs. Complete copies (including the Field Code Index) will be available on the EIA CD-ROM and the EIA World-Wide Web Site. Future editionsmore » of the complete Master List will be available on CD-ROM and other electronic media. There are 57,400 field records in this year`s Oil and Gas Field Code Master List. As it is maintained by EIA, the Master List includes the following: field records for each State and county in which a field resides; field records for each offshore area block in the Gulf of Mexico in which a field resides; field records for each alias field name (see definition of alias below); and fields crossing State boundaries that may be assigned different names by the respective State naming authorities. Taking into consideration the double-counting of fields under such circumstances, EIA identifies 46,312 distinct fields in the US as of October 1995. This count includes fields that no longer produce oil or gas, and 383 fields used in whole or in part for oil or gas Storage. 11 figs., 6 tabs.« less

[Research advances of genomic GYP coding MNS blood group antigens].

PubMed

Liu, Chang-Li; Zhao, Wei-Jun

2012-02-01

The MNS blood group system includes more than 40 antigens, and the M, N, S and s antigens are the most significant ones in the system. The antigenic determinants of M and N antigens lie on the top of GPA on the surface of red blood cells, while the antigenic determinants of S and s antigens lie on the top of GPB on the surface of red blood cells. The GYPA gene coding GPA and the GYPB gene coding GPB locate at the longarm of chromosome 4 and display 95% homologus sequence, meanwhile both genes locate closely to GYPE gene that did not express product. These three genes formed "GYPA-GYPB-GYPE" structure called GYP genome. This review focuses on the molecular basis of genomic GYP and the variety of GYP genome in the expression of diversity MNS blood group antigens. The molecular basis of Miltenberger hybrid glycophorin polymorphism is specifically expounded.

Pinoleville Pomo Nation Tribal Green Building Code

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Pinoleville Pomo Nation (PPN) worked with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Development Center for Appropriate Technology (DCAT) to create this framework for tribal building codes.

Identifying Homelessness among Veterans Using VA Administrative Data: Opportunities to Expand Detection Criteria.

PubMed

Peterson, Rachel; Gundlapalli, Adi V; Metraux, Stephen; Carter, Marjorie E; Palmer, Miland; Redd, Andrew; Samore, Matthew H; Fargo, Jamison D

2015-01-01

Researchers at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) have used administrative criteria to identify homelessness among U.S. Veterans. Our objective was to explore the use of these codes in VA health care facilities. We examined VA health records (2002-2012) of Veterans recently separated from the military and identified as homeless using VA conventional identification criteria (ICD-9-CM code V60.0, VA specific codes for homeless services), plus closely allied V60 codes indicating housing instability. Logistic regression analyses examined differences between Veterans who received these codes. Health care services and co-morbidities were analyzed in the 90 days post-identification of homelessness. VA conventional criteria identified 21,021 homeless Veterans from Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn (rate 2.5%). Adding allied V60 codes increased that to 31,260 (rate 3.3%). While certain demographic differences were noted, Veterans identified as homeless using conventional or allied codes were similar with regards to utilization of homeless, mental health, and substance abuse services, as well as co-morbidities. Differences were noted in the pattern of usage of homelessness-related diagnostic codes in VA facilities nation-wide. Creating an official VA case definition for homelessness, which would include additional ICD-9-CM and other administrative codes for VA homeless services, would likely allow improved identification of homeless and at-risk Veterans. This also presents an opportunity for encouraging uniformity in applying these codes in VA facilities nationwide as well as in other large health care organizations.

Identifying Homelessness among Veterans Using VA Administrative Data: Opportunities to Expand Detection Criteria

PubMed Central

Peterson, Rachel; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Metraux, Stephen; Carter, Marjorie E.; Palmer, Miland; Redd, Andrew; Samore, Matthew H.; Fargo, Jamison D.

2015-01-01

Researchers at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) have used administrative criteria to identify homelessness among U.S. Veterans. Our objective was to explore the use of these codes in VA health care facilities. We examined VA health records (2002-2012) of Veterans recently separated from the military and identified as homeless using VA conventional identification criteria (ICD-9-CM code V60.0, VA specific codes for homeless services), plus closely allied V60 codes indicating housing instability. Logistic regression analyses examined differences between Veterans who received these codes. Health care services and co-morbidities were analyzed in the 90 days post-identification of homelessness. VA conventional criteria identified 21,021 homeless Veterans from Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn (rate 2.5%). Adding allied V60 codes increased that to 31,260 (rate 3.3%). While certain demographic differences were noted, Veterans identified as homeless using conventional or allied codes were similar with regards to utilization of homeless, mental health, and substance abuse services, as well as co-morbidities. Differences were noted in the pattern of usage of homelessness-related diagnostic codes in VA facilities nation-wide. Creating an official VA case definition for homelessness, which would include additional ICD-9-CM and other administrative codes for VA homeless services, would likely allow improved identification of homeless and at-risk Veterans. This also presents an opportunity for encouraging uniformity in applying these codes in VA facilities nationwide as well as in other large health care organizations. PMID:26172386

Preliminary Analysis of the Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT) with PROTEUS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Connaway, H. M.; Lee, C. H.

The neutron transport code PROTEUS has been used to perform preliminary simulations of the Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT). TREAT is an experimental reactor designed for the testing of nuclear fuels and other materials under transient conditions. It operated from 1959 to 1994, when it was placed on non-operational standby. The restart of TREAT to support the U.S. Department of Energy’s resumption of transient testing is currently underway. Both single assembly and assembly-homogenized full core models have been evaluated. Simulations were performed using a historic set of WIMS-ANL-generated cross-sections as well as a new set of Serpent-generated cross-sections. To supportmore » this work, further analyses were also performed using additional codes in order to investigate particular aspects of TREAT modeling. DIF3D and the Monte-Carlo codes MCNP and Serpent were utilized in these studies. MCNP and Serpent were used to evaluate the effect of geometry homogenization on the simulation results and to support code-to-code comparisons. New meshes for the PROTEUS simulations were created using the CUBIT toolkit, with additional meshes generated via conversion of selected DIF3D models to support code-to-code verifications. All current analyses have focused on code-to-code verifications, with additional verification and validation studies planned. The analysis of TREAT with PROTEUS-SN is an ongoing project. This report documents the studies that have been performed thus far, and highlights key challenges to address in future work.« less

The Italian experience on T/H best estimate codes: Achievements and perspectives

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alemberti, A.; D`Auria, F.; Fiorino, E.

1997-07-01

Themalhydraulic system codes are complex tools developed to simulate the power plants behavior during off-normal conditions. Among the objectives of the code calculations the evaluation of safety margins, the operator training, the optimization of the plant design and of the emergency operating procedures, are mostly considered in the field of the nuclear safety. The first generation of codes was developed in the United States at the end of `60s. Since that time, different research groups all over the world started the development of their own codes. At the beginning of the `80s, the second generation codes were proposed; these differmore » from the first generation codes owing to the number of balance equations solved (six instead of three), the sophistication of the constitutive models and of the adopted numerics. The capabilities of available computers have been fully exploited during the years. The authors then summarize some of the major steps in the process of developing, modifying, and advancing the capabilities of the codes. They touch on the fact that Italian, and for that matter non-American, researchers have not been intimately involved in much of this work. They then describe the application of these codes in Italy, even though there are no operating or under construction nuclear power plants at this time. Much of this effort is directed at the general question of plant safety in the face of transient type events.« less

76 FR 36979 - Golden Parachute and Indemnification Payments-Technical Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-24

...: Pamela Yu, Staff Attorney, Office of General Counsel, or Ross Kendall, Special Counsel to the General... the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 26 U.S.C. 457(b), or a pension or retirement plan that is qualified... Revenue Code of 1986, 26 U.S.C. 401; or (ii) * * * [FR Doc. 2011-15729 Filed 6-23-11; 8:45 am] BILLING...

Potential Economic Impacts on Non-Market Cargo Allocation in U.S. Foreign Trade : with Special Analysis of the UNCTAD Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-07-01

The objective of the report is to analyze the impacts of the non-market allocation of cargo in the U.S.-International liner trades, with a special emphasis on analyzing the impacts of cargo allocation as prescribed by the United Nations Code of Condu...

77 FR 34221 - Air Quality Designations for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Several...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-11

... Regulatory Review B. Paperwork Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act E... preamble. APA Administrative Procedure Act CAA Clean Air Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations D.C. District... Authority Rule U.S. United States U.S.C. United States Code VCS Voluntary Consensus Standards VOC Volatile...

Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP), Chapter 1607 Title 10, U.S. Code

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Veterans Affairs, 2005

2005-01-01

The Reserve Education Assistance Program, or REAP (Chapter 1607 of title 10, U.S. Code), is a new benefit providing educational assistance to members of the reserve components--Selected Reserve (Sel Res) and Individual Ready Reserve (IRR)--who are called or ordered to active service in response to a war or national emergency, as declared by the…

Hermeneutic and Cultural Codes of S/Z: A Semiological Reading of James Joyce's "The Boarding House"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Booryazadeh, Seyed Ali; Faghfori, Sohila; Shamsi, Habibe

2014-01-01

Roland Barthes as a fervent proponent of semiology believes that semiology is a branch of a comprehensive linguistics: it is the study of how language articulates the world. Semiotic codes, the paths of this articulation, accordingly underlie his attention. Barthes in a structural analysis of Balzac's "Sarrasine" in S/Z expounds five…

75 FR 78229 - Record of Decision for the U.S. Marine Corps East Coast Basing of the F-35B Aircraft

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-15

... States Code (U.S.C.) Section 4332(2)(c), the regulations of the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of NEPA (40 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] parts 1500... action, the Marine Corps will: (1) Construct and/or renovate airfield facilities and infrastructure...

75 FR 78229 - Record of Decision for the U.S. Marine Corps West Coast Basing of the F-35B Aircraft

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-15

... States Code (U.S.C.) Section 4332(2)(c), the regulations of the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of NEPA (40 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] parts 1500...) Construct and/or renovate airfield facilities and infrastructure necessary to accommodate and maintain the F...

A comparison of the Cray-2 performance before and after the installation of memory pseudo-banking

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmickley, Ronald D.; Bailey, David H.

1987-01-01

A suite of 13 large Fortran benchmark codes were run on a Cray-2 configured with memory pseudo-banking circuits, and floating point operation rates were measured for each under a variety of system load configurations. These were compared with similar flop measurements taken on the same system before installation of the pseudo-banking. A useful memory access efficiency parameter was defined and calculated for both sets of performance rates, allowing a crude quantitative measure of the improvement in efficiency due to pseudo-banking. Programs were categorized as either highly scalar (S) or highly vectorized (V) and either memory-intensive or register-intensive, giving 4 categories: S-memory, S-register, V-memory, and V-register. Using flop rates as a simple quantifier of these 4 categories, a scatter plot of efficiency gain vs Mflops roughly illustrates the improvement in floating point processing speed due to pseudo-banking. On the Cray-2 system tested this improvement ranged from 1 percent for S-memory codes to about 12 percent for V-memory codes. No significant gains were made for V-register codes, which was to be expected.

The Impact of Political Violence on Marketing Development in South Vietnam; 1955 through 1972

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

this series, which was de - signed to measure the impact of political violence on employ- ment indicators of marketing development, was constructed...Demonstrations Sanctions Variable (Coefficient) de 501) Violence (Code 504) (Code 506) (Code 519) Evex (T-Ratio) (Code S02) (Codi Number of Motor 109 .9a b c...NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON. D.C. 20319U/ THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE ON MARKETING

Research on Automatic Programming

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-12-31

Sequential processes, deadlocks, and semaphore primitives , Ph.D. Thesis, Harvard University, November 1974; Center for Research in Computing...verified. 13 Code generated to effect the synchronization makes use of the ECL control extension facility (Prenner’s CI, see [Prenner]). The... semaphore operations [Dijkstra] is being developed. Initial results for this code generator are very encouraging; in many cases generated code is

Civil Behavior, Safe-School Planning, and Dress Codes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Studak, Cathryn M.; Workman, Jane E.

2007-01-01

This research examined news reports in order to identify incidents that precipitated dress code revisions. News reports were examined within the framework of rules for civil behavior. Using key words "school dress codes" and "violence," LEXIS/NEXIS was used to access 104 articles from 44 U.S. newspapers from December 3, 2004 to December 2, 2005.…

Micro PAVER, Version 1.0, User’s Guide, Airport Pavement Management System,

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-10-01

repair data have been entered for the policy, the following prompts will appear on your screen. Policy Numbr:I Policy Description: PRIMA Y UNW AYS ND... Materia ’ Codes (those material codes entered by the Micro PAVER developers) can not be modified or deleted. New material codes can be added, modified, or

Emergence of an abstract categorical code enabling the discrimination of temporally structured tactile stimuli

PubMed Central

Rossi-Pool, Román; Salinas, Emilio; Zainos, Antonio; Alvarez, Manuel; Vergara, José; Parga, Néstor; Romo, Ranulfo

2016-01-01

The problem of neural coding in perceptual decision making revolves around two fundamental questions: (i) How are the neural representations of sensory stimuli related to perception, and (ii) what attributes of these neural responses are relevant for downstream networks, and how do they influence decision making? We studied these two questions by recording neurons in primary somatosensory (S1) and dorsal premotor (DPC) cortex while trained monkeys reported whether the temporal pattern structure of two sequential vibrotactile stimuli (of equal mean frequency) was the same or different. We found that S1 neurons coded the temporal patterns in a literal way and only during the stimulation periods and did not reflect the monkeys’ decisions. In contrast, DPC neurons coded the stimulus patterns as broader categories and signaled them during the working memory, comparison, and decision periods. These results show that the initial sensory representation is transformed into an intermediate, more abstract categorical code that combines past and present information to ultimately generate a perceptually informed choice. PMID:27872293

Revisiting Fenton Hill Phase I reservoir creation and stimulation mechanisms through the GTO code comparison effort

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fu, Pengcheng; Mcclure, Mark; Shiozawa, Sogo

A series of experiments performed at the Fenton Hill hot dry rock site after stage 2 drilling of Phase I reservoir provided intriguing field observations on the reservoir’s responses to injection and venting under various conditions. Two teams participating in the US DOE Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO)’s Code Comparison Study (CCS) used different numerical codes to model these five experiments with the objective of inferring the hydraulic stimulation mechanism involved. The codes used by the two teams are based on different numerical principles, and the assumptions made were also different, due to intrinsic limitations in the codes and the modelers’more » personal interpretations of the field observations. Both sets of models were able to produce the most important field observations and both found that it was the combination of the vertical gradient of the fracture opening pressure, injection volume, and the use/absence of proppant that yielded the different outcomes of the five experiments.« less

Verification of MCNP simulation of neutron flux parameters at TRIGA MK II reactor of Malaysia.

PubMed

Yavar, A R; Khalafi, H; Kasesaz, Y; Sarmani, S; Yahaya, R; Wood, A K; Khoo, K S

2012-10-01

A 3-D model for 1 MW TRIGA Mark II research reactor was simulated. Neutron flux parameters were calculated using MCNP-4C code and were compared with experimental results obtained by k(0)-INAA and absolute method. The average values of φ(th),φ(epi), and φ(fast) by MCNP code were (2.19±0.03)×10(12) cm(-2)s(-1), (1.26±0.02)×10(11) cm(-2)s(-1) and (3.33±0.02)×10(10) cm(-2)s(-1), respectively. These average values were consistent with the experimental results obtained by k(0)-INAA. The findings show a good agreement between MCNP code results and experimental results. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woodcock, Gordon; Byers, Dave; Alexander, Leslie A.; Krebsbach, Al

2004-01-01

A study was performed of advanced chemical propulsion technology application to space science (Code S) missions. The purpose was to begin the process of selecting chemical propulsion technology advancement activities that would provide greatest benefits to Code S missions. Several missions were selected from Code S planning data, and a range of advanced chemical propulsion options was analyzed to assess capabilities and benefits re these missions. Selected beneficial applications were found for higher-performing bipropellants, gelled propellants, and cryogenic propellants. Technology advancement recommendations included cryocoolers and small turbopump engines for cryogenic propellants; space storable propellants such as LOX-hydrazine; and advanced monopropellants. It was noted that fluorine-bearing oxidizers offer performance gains over more benign oxidizers. Potential benefits were observed for gelled propellants that could be allowed to freeze, then thawed for use.

[Algorithms for the identification of hospital stays due to osteoporotic femoral neck fractures in European medical administrative databases using ICD-10 codes: A non-systematic review of the literature].

PubMed

Caillet, P; Oberlin, P; Monnet, E; Guillon-Grammatico, L; Métral, P; Belhassen, M; Denier, P; Banaei-Bouchareb, L; Viprey, M; Biau, D; Schott, A-M

2017-10-01

Osteoporotic hip fractures (OHF) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The French medico-administrative database (SNIIRAM) offers an interesting opportunity to improve the management of OHF. However, the validity of studies conducted with this database relies heavily on the quality of the algorithm used to detect OHF. The aim of the REDSIAM network is to facilitate the use of the SNIIRAM database. The main objective of this study was to present and discuss several OHF-detection algorithms that could be used with this database. A non-systematic literature search was performed. The Medline database was explored during the period January 2005-August 2016. Furthermore, a snowball search was then carried out from the articles included and field experts were contacted. The extraction was conducted using the chart developed by the REDSIAM network's "Methodology" task force. The ICD-10 codes used to detect OHF are mainly S72.0, S72.1, and S72.2. The performance of these algorithms is at best partially validated. Complementary use of medical and surgical procedure codes would affect their performance. Finally, few studies described how they dealt with fractures of non-osteoporotic origin, re-hospitalization, and potential contralateral fracture cases. Authors in the literature encourage the use of ICD-10 codes S72.0 to S72.2 to develop algorithms for OHF detection. These are the codes most frequently used for OHF in France. Depending on the study objectives, other ICD10 codes and medical and surgical procedures could be usefully discussed for inclusion in the algorithm. Detection and management of duplicates and non-osteoporotic fractures should be considered in the process. Finally, when a study is based on such an algorithm, all these points should be precisely described in the publication. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Defending Norway and the Northern Flank: Analysis of NATO’s Strategic Options.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-01

22a NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b TELEPHONE (Include Area Code) 22c OFFICE SYMBOL Prof. Patrick J. Parker 646-2097 56 DV C")RM 1473,s84 MAt 53...34Roy Breivik , Assuring the Security of Reinforcements to Norway," NATO s Fifteen Nations, special issue no. 2 (1982), pp. 66 67. 22...Analyses 1 2000 North Beauregard Street P.O. Box 11280 Alexandria, Virginia 22311 5. Professor Patrick J. Parker, Code 56Pr 1 4 Department of National

Index of FAA Office of Aviation Medicine Reports: 1961 through 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-01

DOT/F~~J~94 11 Index of FAA Office of Office Of Aviation Medicine Aviation M edicine Reports: Washington, D.C. 20591 1961 through 1993 AD-A275 913 lI...and SubMle 5. Report Dab Index to FAA Office of Aviation Medicine Reports: January 1994 1961 through 1993 6. Pwe ng Organization Code 7. Autho(s) 6...Covered Office of Aviation Medicine Federal Aviation Administration 800 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20591 14. Sponsorg Agency Code 1S. &Su

Evaluation of large girth LDPC codes for PMD compensation by turbo equalization.

PubMed

Minkov, Lyubomir L; Djordjevic, Ivan B; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting; Kueppers, Franko

2008-08-18

Large-girth quasi-cyclic LDPC codes have been experimentally evaluated for use in PMD compensation by turbo equalization for a 10 Gb/s NRZ optical transmission system, and observing one sample per bit. Net effective coding gain improvement for girth-10, rate 0.906 code of length 11936 over maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detector for differential group delay of 125 ps is 6.25 dB at BER of 10(-6). Girth-10 LDPC code of rate 0.8 outperforms the girth-10 code of rate 0.906 by 2.75 dB, and provides the net effective coding gain improvement of 9 dB at the same BER. It is experimentally determined that girth-10 LDPC codes of length around 15000 approach channel capacity limit within 1.25 dB.

Simultaneous chromatic dispersion and PMD compensation by using coded-OFDM and girth-10 LDPC codes.

PubMed

Djordjevic, Ivan B; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting

2008-07-07

Low-density parity-check (LDPC)-coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is studied as an efficient coded modulation scheme suitable for simultaneous chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation. We show that, for aggregate rate of 10 Gb/s, accumulated dispersion over 6500 km of SMF and differential group delay of 100 ps can be simultaneously compensated with penalty within 1.5 dB (with respect to the back-to-back configuration) when training sequence based channel estimation and girth-10 LDPC codes of rate 0.8 are employed.

The random energy model in a magnetic field and joint source channel coding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Merhav, Neri

2008-09-01

We demonstrate that there is an intimate relationship between the magnetic properties of Derrida’s random energy model (REM) of spin glasses and the problem of joint source-channel coding in Information Theory. In particular, typical patterns of erroneously decoded messages in the coding problem have “magnetization” properties that are analogous to those of the REM in certain phases, where the non-uniformity of the distribution of the source in the coding problem plays the role of an external magnetic field applied to the REM. We also relate the ensemble performance (random coding exponents) of joint source-channel codes to the free energy of the REM in its different phases.

High-Performance Design Patterns for Modern Fortran

DOE PAGES

Haveraaen, Magne; Morris, Karla; Rouson, Damian; ...

2015-01-01

This paper presents ideas for using coordinate-free numerics in modern Fortran to achieve code flexibility in the partial differential equation (PDE) domain. We also show how Fortran, over the last few decades, has changed to become a language well-suited for state-of-the-art software development. Fortran’s new coarray distributed data structure, the language’s class mechanism, and its side-effect-free, pure procedure capability provide the scaffolding on which we implement HPC software. These features empower compilers to organize parallel computations with efficient communication. We present some programming patterns that support asynchronous evaluation of expressions comprised of parallel operations on distributed data. We implemented thesemore » patterns using coarrays and the message passing interface (MPI). We compared the codes’ complexity and performance. The MPI code is much more complex and depends on external libraries. The MPI code on Cray hardware using the Cray compiler is 1.5–2 times faster than the coarray code on the same hardware. The Intel compiler implements coarrays atop Intel’s MPI library with the result apparently being 2–2.5 times slower than manually coded MPI despite exhibiting nearly linear scaling efficiency. As compilers mature and further improvements to coarrays comes in Fortran 2015, we expect this performance gap to narrow.« less

Molecular cloning and evolutionary analysis of the calcium-modulated contractile protein, centrin, in green algae and land plants.

PubMed

Bhattacharya, D; Steinkötter, J; Melkonian, M

1993-12-01

Centrin (= caltractin) is a ubiquitous, cytoskeletal protein which is a member of the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. A centrin-coding cDNA was isolated and characterized from the prasinophyte green alga Scherffelia dubia. Centrin PCR amplification primers were used to isolate partial, homologous cDNA sequences from the green algae Tetraselmis striata and Spermatozopsis similis. Annealing analyses suggested that centrin is a single-copy-coding region in T. striata and S. similis and other green algae studied. Centrin-coding regions from S. dubia, S. similis and T. striata encode four colinear EF-hand domains which putatively bind calcium. Phylogenetic analyses, including homologous sequences from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the land plant Atriplex nummularia, demonstrate that the domains of centrins are congruent and arose from the two-fold duplication of an ancestral EF hand with Domains 1+3 and Domains 2+4 clustering. The domains of centrins are also congruent with those of calmodulins demonstrating that, like calmodulin, centrin is an ancient protein which arose within the ancestor of all eukaryotes via gene duplication. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from centrin-coding region comparisons mirror results of small subunit ribosomal RNA sequence analyses suggesting that centrin-coding regions are useful evolutionary markers within the green algae.

Variations in the non-coding transcriptome as a driver of inter-strain divergence and physiological adaptation in bacteria

PubMed Central

Kopf, Matthias; Klähn, Stephan; Scholz, Ingeborg; Hess, Wolfgang R.; Voß, Björn

2015-01-01

In all studied organisms, a substantial portion of the transcriptome consists of non-coding RNAs that frequently execute regulatory functions. Here, we have compared the primary transcriptomes of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6714 and PCC 6803 under 10 different conditions. These strains share 2854 protein-coding genes and a 16S rRNA identity of 99.4%, indicating their close relatedness. Conserved major transcriptional start sites (TSSs) give rise to non-coding transcripts within the sigB gene, from the 5′UTRs of cmpA and isiA, and 168 loci in antisense orientation. Distinct differences include single nucleotide polymorphisms rendering promoters inactive in one of the strains, e.g., for cmpR and for the asRNA PsbA2R. Based on the genome-wide mapped location, regulation and classification of TSSs, non-coding transcripts were identified as the most dynamic component of the transcriptome. We identified a class of mRNAs that originate by read-through from an sRNA that accumulates as a discrete and abundant transcript while also serving as the 5′UTR. Such an sRNA/mRNA structure, which we name ‘actuaton’, represents another way for bacteria to remodel their transcriptional network. Our findings support the hypothesis that variations in the non-coding transcriptome constitute a major evolutionary element of inter-strain divergence and capability for physiological adaptation. PMID:25902393

Modified hybrid subcarrier/amplitude/ phase/polarization LDPC-coded modulation for 400 Gb/s optical transmission and beyond.

PubMed

Batshon, Hussam G; Djordjevic, Ivan; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting

2010-06-21

In this paper, we present a modified coded hybrid subcarrier/ amplitude/phase/polarization (H-SAPP) modulation scheme as a technique capable of achieving beyond 400 Gb/s single-channel transmission over optical channels. The modified H-SAPP scheme profits from the available resources in addition to geometry to increase the bandwidth efficiency of the transmission system, and so increases the aggregate rate of the system. In this report we present the modified H-SAPP scheme and focus on an example that allows 11 bits/Symbol that can achieve 440 Gb/s transmission using components of 50 Giga Symbol/s (GS/s).

Development of the ANL plant dynamics code and control strategies for the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle and code validation with data from the Sandia small-scale supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle test loop.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moisseytsev, A.; Sienicki, J. J.

2011-11-07

Significant progress has been made in the ongoing development of the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) Plant Dynamics Code (PDC), the ongoing investigation and development of control strategies, and the analysis of system transient behavior for supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO{sub 2}) Brayton cycles. Several code modifications have been introduced during FY2011 to extend the range of applicability of the PDC and to improve its calculational stability and speed. A new and innovative approach was developed to couple the Plant Dynamics Code for S-CO{sub 2} cycle calculations with SAS4A/SASSYS-1 Liquid Metal Reactor Code System calculations for the transient system level behavior onmore » the reactor side of a Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) or Lead-Cooled Fast Reactor (LFR). The new code system allows use of the full capabilities of both codes such that whole-plant transients can now be simulated without additional user interaction. Several other code modifications, including the introduction of compressor surge control, a new approach for determining the solution time step for efficient computational speed, an updated treatment of S-CO{sub 2} cycle flow mergers and splits, a modified enthalpy equation to improve the treatment of negative flow, and a revised solution of the reactor heat exchanger (RHX) equations coupling the S-CO{sub 2} cycle to the reactor, were introduced to the PDC in FY2011. All of these modifications have improved the code computational stability and computational speed, while not significantly affecting the results of transient calculations. The improved PDC was used to continue the investigation of S-CO{sub 2} cycle control and transient behavior. The coupled PDC-SAS4A/SASSYS-1 code capability was used to study the dynamic characteristics of a S-CO{sub 2} cycle coupled to a SFR plant. Cycle control was investigated in terms of the ability of the cycle to respond to a linear reduction in the electrical grid demand from 100% to 0% at a rate of 5%/minute. It was determined that utilization of turbine throttling control below 50% load improves the cycle efficiency significantly. Consequently, the cycle control strategy has been updated to include turbine throttle valve control. The new control strategy still relies on inventory control in the 50%-90% load range and turbine bypass for fine and fast generator output adjustments, but it now also includes turbine throttling control in the 0%-50% load range. In an attempt to investigate the feasibility of using the S-CO{sub 2} cycle for normal decay heat removal from the reactor, the cycle control study was extended beyond the investigation of normal load following. It was shown that such operation is possible with the extension of the inventory and the turbine throttling controls. However, the cycle operation in this range is calculated to be so inefficient that energy would need to be supplied from the electrical grid assuming that the generator could be capable of being operated in a motoring mode with an input electrical energy from the grid having a magnitude of about 20% of the nominal plant output electrical power level in order to maintain circulation of the CO{sub 2} in the cycle. The work on investigation of cycle operation at low power level will be continued in the future. In addition to the cycle control study, the coupled PDC-SAS4A/SASSYS-1 code system was also used to simulate thermal transients in the sodium-to-CO{sub 2} heat exchanger. Several possible conditions with the potential to introduce significant changes to the heat exchanger temperatures were identified and simulated. The conditions range from reactor scram and primary sodium pump failure or intermediate sodium pump failure on the reactor side to pipe breaks and valve malfunctions on the S-CO{sub 2} side. It was found that the maximum possible rate of the heat exchanger wall temperature change for the particular heat exchanger design assumed is limited to {+-}7 C/s for less than 10 seconds. Modeling in the Plant Dynamics Code has been compared with available data from the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) small-scale S-CO{sub 2} Brayton cycle demonstration that is being assembled in a phased approach currently at Barber-Nichols Inc. and at SNL in the future. The available data was obtained with an earlier configuration of the S-CO{sub 2} loop involving only a single-turbo-alternator-compressor (TAC) instead of two TACs, a single low temperature recuperator (LTR) instead of both a LTR and a high temperature recuperator (HTR), and fewer than the later to be installed full set of electric heaters. Due to the absence of the full heating capability as well as the lack of a high temperature recuperator providing additional recuperation, the temperature conditions obtained with the loop are too low for the loop conditions to be prototypical of the S-CO{sub 2} cycle.« less

Annual Report of the ECSU Home-Institution Support Program (1993)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-30

summer of 1992. Stephanie plans to attend graduate school at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. r 3 . Deborah Jones has attended the ISSP program for...computer equipment Component #2 A visiting lecturer series Component # 3 : Students pay & faculty release time Component #4 Student/sponsor travel program...DTXC QUA, ty rNpBT 3 S. 0. CODE: 1133 DISBURSING CODE: N001 79 AGO CODE: N66005 CAGE CODE: OJLKO 3 PART I: A succinct narrative which should

Practices and Standards in the Construction of BRL-CAD Target Descriptions

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

Spencer) 3 AIFRS (Dr. Steven Carter) AIFRT (John Kosiewicz) AIFRE (S. Eitelman) 220 Seventh Street, NE Charlottesville, VA 22901-5396 3 Director 6...Hawkins, Code 1740.2 2231 Faraday Ave Steven L. Cohen, Code 1230 Suite 103 Dennis Clark, Code 0111 Carlsbad, CA 92008 Dr. Paul C. St. Hilaire, Code...4E995 Washington, DC 20330 1 Dr. Robert B. LaBerge 910 Via Palo 1 Cincinnati Mailacron Inc. Aptos, CA 95003 ATTN: Mr. Richard C. Messinger

Air Traffic Controller Working Memory: Considerations in Air Traffic Control Tactical Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM 3 2. AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLER MEMORY 5 2.1 MEMORY CODES 6 21.1 Visual Codes 7 2.1.2 Phonetic Codes 7 2.1.3 Semantic Codes 8...raise an awareness of the memory re- quirements of ATC tactical operations by presenting information on working memory processes that are relevant to...working v memory permeates every aspect of the controller’s ability to process air traffic information and control live traffic. The

FPGA implementation of concatenated non-binary QC-LDPC codes for high-speed optical transport.

PubMed

Zou, Ding; Djordjevic, Ivan B

2015-06-01

In this paper, we propose a soft-decision-based FEC scheme that is the concatenation of a non-binary LDPC code and hard-decision FEC code. The proposed NB-LDPC + RS with overhead of 27.06% provides a superior NCG of 11.9dB at a post-FEC BER of 10^-15. As a result, the proposed NB-LDPC codes represent the strong FEC candidate of soft-decision FEC for beyond 100Gb/s optical transmission systems.

Problem-Solving Under Time Constraints: Alternatives for the Commander’s Estimate

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-26

CHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITAR (If applicable) STUDIES, USAC&GSC IATZL-SWV 6. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ...NOTATION 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP DECISIONJ*MAKING...OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b. TELEPHONE (Include Area Code ) 122c. OFFICE SYMBOL MAJ TIMOTHY D. LYNCH 9 684-3437 1 AT71-.qWV DO Form 1473, JUN 86

Global assessment of small RNAs reveals a non-coding transcript involved in biofilm formation and attachment in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978

PubMed Central

Pérez, Astrid; Gómez, Manuel J.; Gayoso, Carmen; Vallejo, Juan A.; Ohneck, Emily J.; Valle, Jaione; Actis, Luis A.; Beceiro, Alejandro; Bou, Germán

2017-01-01

Many strains of Acinetobacter baumannii have been described as being able to form biofilm. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) control gene expression in many regulatory circuits in bacteria. The aim of the present work was to provide a global description of the sRNAs produced both by planktonic and biofilm-associated (sessile) cells of A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and to compare the corresponding gene expression profiles to identify sRNAs molecules associated to biofilm formation and virulence. sRNA was extracted from both planktonic and sessile cells and reverse transcribed. cDNA was subjected to 454-pyrosequencing using the GS-FLX Titanium chemistry. The global analysis of the small RNA transcriptome revealed different sRNA expression patterns in planktonic and biofilm associated cells, with some of the transcripts only expressed or repressed in sessile bacteria. A total of 255 sRNAs were detected, with 185 of them differentially expressed in the different types of cells. A total of 9 sRNAs were expressed only in biofilm cells, while the expression of other 21 coding regions were repressed only in biofilm cells. Strikingly, the expression level of the sRNA 13573 was 120 times higher in biofilms than in planktonic cells, an observation that prompted us to further investigate the biological role of this non-coding transcript. Analyses of an isogenic mutant and over-expressing strains revealed that the sRNA 13573 gene is involved in biofilm formation and attachment to A549 human alveolar epithelial cells. The present work serves as a basis for future studies examining the complex regulatory network that regulate biofilm biogenesis and attachment to eukaryotic cells in A. baumannii ATCC 17978. PMID:28763494

Near Field HF Antenna Pattern Measurement Method Using an Antenna Pattern Range

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Year 2015 by the Applied Electromagnetics Branch (Code 52250) of the System of Systems (SoS) & Platform Design Division (Code 52200), Space and...Head SoS & Platform Design Division iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Antenna Pattern Range (APR) is an essential measurement facility operated at Space...14 1 INTRODUCTION Accurate characterization of antennas designed to support the warfighter is a critical

28 CFR 522.12 - Relationship between existing criminal sentences imposed under the U.S. or D.C. Code and new...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Relationship between existing criminal sentences imposed under the U.S. or D.C. Code and new civil contempt commitment orders. 522.12 Section 522.12 Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INMATE ADMISSION, CLASSIFICATION, AND TRANSFER ADMISSION TO INSTITUTION Civi...

New nonbinary quantum codes with larger distance constructed from BCH codes over 𝔽q2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Gen; Li, Ruihu; Fu, Qiang; Ma, Yuena; Guo, Luobin

2017-03-01

This paper concentrates on construction of new nonbinary quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) from three classes of narrow-sense imprimitive BCH codes over finite field 𝔽q2 (q ≥ 3 is an odd prime power). By a careful analysis on properties of cyclotomic cosets in defining set T of these BCH codes, the improved maximal designed distance of these narrow-sense imprimitive Hermitian dual-containing BCH codes is determined to be much larger than the result given according to Aly et al. [S. A. Aly, A. Klappenecker and P. K. Sarvepalli, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 53, 1183 (2007)] for each different code length. Thus families of new nonbinary QECCs are constructed, and the newly obtained QECCs have larger distance than those in previous literature.

Organizational Effectiveness Information System (OEIS) User’s Manual

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-01

SUBJECT CODES B-l C. LISTING OF VALID RESOURCE SYSTEM CODES C-l »TflerÄ*w»fi*%f*fc**v.nft; ^’.A/.V. A y.A/.AAA«•.*-A/. AAV ...the valid codes used la the Implementation and Design System. MACOM 01 COE 02 DARCOM 03 EUSA 04 FORSCOM 05 HSC 06 HQDA 07 INSCOM 08 MDW 09

Ultra high speed optical transmission using subcarrier-multiplexed four-dimensional LDPC-coded modulation.

PubMed

Batshon, Hussam G; Djordjevic, Ivan; Schmidt, Ted

2010-09-13

We propose a subcarrier-multiplexed four-dimensional LDPC bit-interleaved coded modulation scheme that is capable of achieving beyond 480 Gb/s single-channel transmission rate over optical channels. Subcarrier-multiplexed four-dimensional LDPC coded modulation scheme outperforms the corresponding dual polarization schemes by up to 4.6 dB in OSNR at BER 10(-8).

Military Professional Ethics, Code of Conduct, and Military Academies’ Honor Codes,

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

1981. Mathews, Jay. Ex-POW teaches that a mind can always be free. Washington Post 1:1+, 10 January 1983. 16 Meade, Henry J. Commitment to integrity. Air...to honor code’s review. Air Force Times 45:7, 4 February 1985. Glab , John E. Honor at West Point. (Letter) New York Times 26:5, 13 September 1976

41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

Software Cost Estimating,

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-05-13

Size Of The Software. A favourite measure for software system size is linos of operational code, or deliverable code (operational code plus...regression models, these conversions are either derived from productivity measures using the "cost per instruction" type of equation or they are...appropriate to different development organisattons, differert project types, different sets of units for measuring e and s, and different items

Simultaneous Inversion of UXO Parameters and Background Response

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NO TES 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Unclassified/Unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTIO N CODE 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200...demonstrated an ability to accurate recover dipole parameters using the simultaneous inversion method. Numerical modeling code for solving Maxwell’s...magnetics 15. NUMBER O F PAGES 160 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATIO N OF REPORT Unclassified 18. SECURITY

Validation of a Monte Carlo code system for grid evaluation with interference effect on Rayleigh scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Abel; White, Graeme L.; Davidson, Rob

2018-02-01

Anti-scatter grids are commonly used in x-ray imaging systems to reduce scatter radiation reaching the image receptor. Anti-scatter grid performance and validation can be simulated through use of Monte Carlo (MC) methods. Our recently reported work has modified existing MC codes resulting in improved performance when simulating x-ray imaging. The aim of this work is to validate the transmission of x-ray photons in grids from the recently reported new MC codes against experimental results and results previously reported in other literature. The results of this work show that the scatter-to-primary ratio (SPR), the transmissions of primary (T p), scatter (T s), and total (T t) radiation determined using this new MC code system have strong agreement with the experimental results and the results reported in the literature. T p, T s, T t, and SPR determined in this new MC simulation code system are valid. These results also show that the interference effect on Rayleigh scattering should not be neglected in both mammographic and general grids’ evaluation. Our new MC simulation code system has been shown to be valid and can be used for analysing and evaluating the designs of grids.

Development of Yield and Tensile Strength Design Curves for Alloy 617

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nancy Lybeck; T. -L. Sham

2013-10-01

The U.S. Department of Energy Very High Temperature Reactor Program is acquiring data in preparation for developing an Alloy 617 Code Case for inclusion in the nuclear section of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel (B&PV) Code. A draft code case was previously developed, but effort was suspended before acceptance by ASME. As part of the draft code case effort, a database was compiled of yield and tensile strength data from tests performed in air. Yield strength and tensile strength at temperature are used to set time independent allowable stress for construction materials in B&PVmore » Code, Section III, Subsection NH. The yield and tensile strength data used for the draft code case has been augmented with additional data generated by Idaho National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the U.S. and CEA in France. The standard ASME Section II procedure for generating yield and tensile strength at temperature is presented, along with alternate methods that accommodate the change in temperature trends seen at high temperatures, resulting in a more consistent design margin over the temperature range of interest.« less

An Empirical Evaluation of the US Beer Institute’s Self-Regulation Code Governing the Content of Beer Advertising

PubMed Central

Xuan, Ziming; Damon, Donna; Noel, Jonathan

2013-01-01

Objectives. We evaluated advertising code violations using the US Beer Institute guidelines for responsible advertising. Methods. We applied the Delphi rating technique to all beer ads (n = 289) broadcast in national markets between 1999 and 2008 during the National Collegiate Athletic Association basketball tournament games. Fifteen public health professionals completed ratings using quantitative scales measuring the content of alcohol advertisements (e.g., perceived actor age, portrayal of excessive drinking) according to 1997 and 2006 versions of the Beer Institute Code. Results. Depending on the code version, exclusion criteria, and scoring method, expert raters found that between 35% and 74% of the ads had code violations. There were significant differences among producers in the frequency with which ads with violations were broadcast, but not in the proportions of unique ads with violations. Guidelines most likely to be violated included the association of beer drinking with social success and the use of content appealing to persons younger than 21 years. Conclusions. The alcohol industry’s current self-regulatory framework is ineffective at preventing content violations but could be improved by the use of new rating procedures designed to better detect content code violations. PMID:23947318

Empirical impact evaluation of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel in Australia, Canada, UK and USA

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background The active recruitment of health workers from developing countries to developed countries has become a major threat to global health. In an effort to manage this migration, the 63rd World Health Assembly adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel in May 2010. While the Code has been lauded as the first globally-applicable regulatory framework for health worker recruitment, its impact has yet to be evaluated. We offer the first empirical evaluation of the Code’s impact on national and sub-national actors in Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and United States of America, which are the English-speaking developed countries with the greatest number of migrant health workers. Methods 42 key informants from across government, civil society and private sectors were surveyed to measure their awareness of the Code, knowledge of specific changes resulting from it, overall opinion on the effectiveness of non-binding codes, and suggestions to improve this Code’s implementation. Results 60% of respondents believed their colleagues were not aware of the Code, and 93% reported that no specific changes had been observed in their work as a result of the Code. 86% reported that the Code has not had any meaningful impact on policies, practices or regulations in their countries. Conclusions This suggests a gap between awareness of the Code among stakeholders at global forums and the awareness and behaviour of national and sub-national actors. Advocacy and technical guidance for implementing the Code are needed to improve its impact on national decision-makers. PMID:24228827

RNA-Seq Based Transcriptional Map of Bovine Respiratory Disease Pathogen “Histophilus somni 2336”

PubMed Central

Kumar, Ranjit; Lawrence, Mark L.; Watt, James; Cooksey, Amanda M.; Burgess, Shane C.; Nanduri, Bindu

2012-01-01

Genome structural annotation, i.e., identification and demarcation of the boundaries for all the functional elements in a genome (e.g., genes, non-coding RNAs, proteins and regulatory elements), is a prerequisite for systems level analysis. Current genome annotation programs do not identify all of the functional elements of the genome, especially small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs). Whole genome transcriptome analysis is a complementary method to identify “novel” genes, small RNAs, regulatory regions, and operon structures, thus improving the structural annotation in bacteria. In particular, the identification of non-coding RNAs has revealed their widespread occurrence and functional importance in gene regulation, stress and virulence. However, very little is known about non-coding transcripts in Histophilus somni, one of the causative agents of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) as well as bovine infertility, abortion, septicemia, arthritis, myocarditis, and thrombotic meningoencephalitis. In this study, we report a single nucleotide resolution transcriptome map of H. somni strain 2336 using RNA-Seq method. The RNA-Seq based transcriptome map identified 94 sRNAs in the H. somni genome of which 82 sRNAs were never predicted or reported in earlier studies. We also identified 38 novel potential protein coding open reading frames that were absent in the current genome annotation. The transcriptome map allowed the identification of 278 operon (total 730 genes) structures in the genome. When compared with the genome sequence of a non-virulent strain 129Pt, a disproportionate number of sRNAs (∼30%) were located in genomic region unique to strain 2336 (∼18% of the total genome). This observation suggests that a number of the newly identified sRNAs in strain 2336 may be involved in strain-specific adaptations. PMID:22276113

RNA-seq based transcriptional map of bovine respiratory disease pathogen "Histophilus somni 2336".

PubMed

Kumar, Ranjit; Lawrence, Mark L; Watt, James; Cooksey, Amanda M; Burgess, Shane C; Nanduri, Bindu

2012-01-01

Genome structural annotation, i.e., identification and demarcation of the boundaries for all the functional elements in a genome (e.g., genes, non-coding RNAs, proteins and regulatory elements), is a prerequisite for systems level analysis. Current genome annotation programs do not identify all of the functional elements of the genome, especially small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs). Whole genome transcriptome analysis is a complementary method to identify "novel" genes, small RNAs, regulatory regions, and operon structures, thus improving the structural annotation in bacteria. In particular, the identification of non-coding RNAs has revealed their widespread occurrence and functional importance in gene regulation, stress and virulence. However, very little is known about non-coding transcripts in Histophilus somni, one of the causative agents of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) as well as bovine infertility, abortion, septicemia, arthritis, myocarditis, and thrombotic meningoencephalitis. In this study, we report a single nucleotide resolution transcriptome map of H. somni strain 2336 using RNA-Seq method.The RNA-Seq based transcriptome map identified 94 sRNAs in the H. somni genome of which 82 sRNAs were never predicted or reported in earlier studies. We also identified 38 novel potential protein coding open reading frames that were absent in the current genome annotation. The transcriptome map allowed the identification of 278 operon (total 730 genes) structures in the genome. When compared with the genome sequence of a non-virulent strain 129Pt, a disproportionate number of sRNAs (∼30%) were located in genomic region unique to strain 2336 (∼18% of the total genome). This observation suggests that a number of the newly identified sRNAs in strain 2336 may be involved in strain-specific adaptations.

Transformation of the neural code for tactile detection from thalamus to cortex.

PubMed

Vázquez, Yuriria; Salinas, Emilio; Romo, Ranulfo

2013-07-09

To understand how sensory-driven neural activity gives rise to perception, it is essential to characterize how various relay stations in the brain encode stimulus presence. Neurons in the ventral posterior lateral (VPL) nucleus of the somatosensory thalamus and in primary somatosensory cortex (S1) respond to vibrotactile stimulation with relatively slow modulations (∼100 ms) of their firing rate. In addition, faster modulations (∼10 ms) time-locked to the stimulus waveform are observed in both areas, but their contribution to stimulus detection is unknown. Furthermore, it is unclear whether VPL and S1 neurons encode stimulus presence with similar accuracy and via the same response features. To address these questions, we recorded single neurons while trained monkeys judged the presence or absence of a vibrotactile stimulus of variable amplitude, and their activity was analyzed with a unique decoding method that is sensitive to the time scale of the firing rate fluctuations. We found that the maximum detection accuracy of single neurons is similar in VPL and S1. However, VPL relies more heavily on fast rate modulations than S1, and as a consequence, the neural code in S1 is more tolerant: its performance degrades less when the readout method or the time scale of integration is suboptimal. Therefore, S1 neurons implement a more robust code, one less sensitive to the temporal integration window used to infer stimulus presence downstream. The differences between VPL and S1 responses signaling the appearance of a stimulus suggest a transformation of the neural code from thalamus to cortex.

Performance of the OVERFLOW-MLP and LAURA-MLP CFD Codes on the NASA Ames 512 CPU Origin System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taft, James R.

2000-01-01

The shared memory Multi-Level Parallelism (MLP) technique, developed last year at NASA Ames has been very successful in dramatically improving the performance of important NASA CFD codes. This new and very simple parallel programming technique was first inserted into the OVERFLOW production CFD code in FY 1998. The OVERFLOW-MLP code's parallel performance scaled linearly to 256 CPUs on the NASA Ames 256 CPU Origin 2000 system (steger). Overall performance exceeded 20.1 GFLOP/s, or about 4.5x the performance of a dedicated 16 CPU C90 system. All of this was achieved without any major modification to the original vector based code. The OVERFLOW-MLP code is now in production on the inhouse Origin systems as well as being used offsite at commercial aerospace companies. Partially as a result of this work, NASA Ames has purchased a new 512 CPU Origin 2000 system to further test the limits of parallel performance for NASA codes of interest. This paper presents the performance obtained from the latest optimization efforts on this machine for the LAURA-MLP and OVERFLOW-MLP codes. The Langley Aerothermodynamics Upwind Relaxation Algorithm (LAURA) code is a key simulation tool in the development of the next generation shuttle, interplanetary reentry vehicles, and nearly all "X" plane development. This code sustains about 4-5 GFLOP/s on a dedicated 16 CPU C90. At this rate, expected workloads would require over 100 C90 CPU years of computing over the next few calendar years. It is not feasible to expect that this would be affordable or available to the user community. Dramatic performance gains on cheaper systems are needed. This code is expected to be perhaps the largest consumer of NASA Ames compute cycles per run in the coming year.The OVERFLOW CFD code is extensively used in the government and commercial aerospace communities to evaluate new aircraft designs. It is one of the largest consumers of NASA supercomputing cycles and large simulations of highly resolved full aircraft are routinely undertaken. Typical large problems might require 100s of Cray C90 CPU hours to complete. The dramatic performance gains with the 256 CPU steger system are exciting. Obtaining results in hours instead of months is revolutionizing the way in which aircraft manufacturers are looking at future aircraft simulation work. Figure 2 below is a current state of the art plot of OVERFLOW-MLP performance on the 512 CPU Lomax system. As can be seen, the chart indicates that OVERFLOW-MLP continues to scale linearly with CPU count up to 512 CPUs on a large 35 million point full aircraft RANS simulation. At this point performance is such that a fully converged simulation of 2500 time steps is completed in less than 2 hours of elapsed time. Further work over the next few weeks will improve the performance of this code even further.The LAURA code has been converted to the MLP format as well. This code is currently being optimized for the 512 CPU system. Performance statistics indicate that the goal of 100 GFLOP/s will be achieved by year's end. This amounts to 20x the 16 CPU C90 result and strongly demonstrates the viability of the new parallel systems rapidly solving very large simulations in a production environment.

Through the Past Decade: How Advanced Energy Design Guides have influenced the Design Industry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Bing; Athalye, Rahul A.

Advanced Energy Design Guides (AEDGs) were originally developed intended to provide a simple approach to building professionals seeking energy efficient building designs better than ASHRAE Standard 90.1. Since its first book was released in 2004, the AEDG series provided inspiration for the design industry and were seen by designers as a starting point for buildings that wished to go beyond minimum codes and standards. In addition, U.S. Department of Energy’s successful Commercial Building Partnerships (CBP) program leveraged many of the recommendations from the AEDGs to achieve 50% energy savings over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 for prototypical designs of large commercial entitiesmore » in the retail, banking and lodging sectors. Low-energy technologies and strategies developed during the CBP process have been applied by commercial partners throughout their national portfolio of buildings. Later, the AEDGs served as the perfect platform for both Standard 90.1 and ASHRAE’s high performance buildings standard, Standard 189.1. What was high performance a few years ago, however, has become minimum code today. Indeed, most of the prescriptive envelope component requirements in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013 are values recommended in the 50% AEDGs several years ago. Similarly, AEDG strategies and recommendations have penetrated the lighting and HVAC sections of both Standard 189.1 and Standard 90.1. Finally, as we look to the future of codes and standards, the AEDGs are serving as a blueprint for how minimum code requirements could be expressed. By customizing codes to specific building types, design strategies tailored for individual buildings could be prescribed as minimum code, just like in the AEDGs. This paper describes the impact that AEDGs have had over the last decade on the design industry and how they continue to influence the future of codes and Standards. From design professionals to code officials, everyone in the building industry has been affected by the AEDGs.« less

StarScan: a web server for scanning small RNA targets from degradome sequencing data.

PubMed

Liu, Shun; Li, Jun-Hao; Wu, Jie; Zhou, Ke-Ren; Zhou, Hui; Yang, Jian-Hua; Qu, Liang-Hu

2015-07-01

Endogenous small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs and small interfering RNAs, play important gene regulatory roles in animals and plants by pairing to the protein-coding and non-coding transcripts. However, computationally assigning these various sRNAs to their regulatory target genes remains technically challenging. Recently, a high-throughput degradome sequencing method was applied to identify biologically relevant sRNA cleavage sites. In this study, an integrated web-based tool, StarScan (sRNA target Scan), was developed for scanning sRNA targets using degradome sequencing data from 20 species. Given a sRNA sequence from plants or animals, our web server performs an ultrafast and exhaustive search for potential sRNA-target interactions in annotated and unannotated genomic regions. The interactions between small RNAs and target transcripts were further evaluated using a novel tool, alignScore. A novel tool, degradomeBinomTest, was developed to quantify the abundance of degradome fragments located at the 9-11th nucleotide from the sRNA 5' end. This is the first web server for discovering potential sRNA-mediated RNA cleavage events in plants and animals, which affords mechanistic insights into the regulatory roles of sRNAs. The StarScan web server is available at http://mirlab.sysu.edu.cn/starscan/. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Macrocognition in Complex Team Problem Solving

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

Organization: Office of Naval Research Complete Address: Dr Michael Letsky Office of Naval Research Life Sciences Department Code 341 Rm 1051 875...S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Office of Naval Research ,Code 341 Rm...distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Twelfth International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (12th ICCRTS), 19-21 June

Fundamental Automated Scheduling System (FASS): A Second Look.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-12-01

Mr. J.H. Shoemaker and Mr. Ron Flatley of Norfolk Naval Shipyard; Mr. Bob Brunner of Long Beach Naval Shipyard; Mr. Barry Brinson of Charleston...Management, McGraw-Hill, 1978. Pressman , Roger S.. Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, McGraw-Hill, 1982. Project Systems Consultants Inc...J.H. Shoemaker Code 377 Norfolk Naval Shipyard Portsmouth. Vireinih 23709-5000 13. Mr. Barry Brinson-I Code 377 Charleston Naval Shipyard Charleston

The Montgomery GI Bill--Selected Reserve Under Chapter 1606 of Title 10, U.S. Code

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Veterans Affairs, 2007

2007-01-01

The Montgomery GI Bill--Selected Reserve (MGIB--SR, or chapter 1606 of title 10, U.S. Code) is an educational assistance program enacted by Congress to attract high quality men and women into the reserve branch of the Armed Forces. This program is for members of the Selected Reserve of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, and…

Proposed scheme for parallel 10Gb/s VSR system and its verilog HDL realization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Yi; Chen, Hongda; Zuo, Chao; Jia, Jiuchun; Shen, Rongxuan; Chen, Xiongbin

2005-02-01

This paper proposes a novel and innovative scheme for 10Gb/s parallel Very Short Reach (VSR) optical communication system. The optimized scheme properly manages the SDH/SONET redundant bytes and adjusts the position of error detecting bytes and error correction bytes. Compared with the OIF-VSR4-01.0 proposal, the scheme has a coding process module. The SDH/SONET frames in transmission direction are disposed as follows: (1) The Framer-Serdes Interface (FSI) gets 16×622.08Mb/s STM-64 frame. (2) The STM-64 frame is byte-wise stripped across 12 channels, all channels are data channels. During this process, the parity bytes and CRC bytes are generated in the similar way as OIF-VSR4-01.0 and stored in the code process module. (3) The code process module will regularly convey the additional parity bytes and CRC bytes to all 12 data channels. (4) After the 8B/10B coding, the 12 channels is transmitted to the parallel VCSEL array. The receive process approximately in reverse order of transmission process. By applying this scheme to 10Gb/s VSR system, the frame size in VSR system is reduced from 15552×12 bytes to 14040×12 bytes, the system redundancy is reduced obviously.

Inclusion of pressure and flow in a new 3D MHD equilibrium code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raburn, Daniel; Fukuyama, Atsushi

2012-10-01

Flow and nonsymmetric effects can play a large role in plasma equilibria and energy confinement. A concept for such a 3D equilibrium code was developed and presented in 2011. The code is called the Kyoto ITerative Equilibrium Solver (KITES) [1], and the concept is based largely on the PIES code [2]. More recently, the work-in-progress KITES code was used to calculate force-free equilibria. Here, progress and results on the inclusion of pressure and flow in the code are presented. [4pt] [1] Daniel Raburn and Atsushi Fukuyama, Plasma and Fusion Research: Regular Articles, 7:240381 (2012).[0pt] [2] H. S. Greenside, A. H. Reiman, and A. Salas, J. Comput. Phys, 81(1):102-136 (1989).

Guidelines for Coding and Entering Ground-Water Data into the Ground-Water Site Inventory Data Base, Version 4.6, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

collected, code both. Code Type of Analysis Code Type of Analysis A Physical properties I Common ions/trace elements B Common ions J Sanitary analysis and...1) A ground-water site is coded as if it is a single point, not a geographic area or property . (2) Latitude and longitude should be determined at a...terrace from an adjacent upland on one side, and a lowland coast or valley on the other. Due to the effects of erosion, the terrace surface may not be as

Current and anticipated uses of thermal-hydraulic codes in Germany

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Teschendorff, V.; Sommer, F.; Depisch, F.

1997-07-01

In Germany, one third of the electrical power is generated by nuclear plants. ATHLET and S-RELAP5 are successfully applied for safety analyses of the existing PWR and BWR reactors and possible future reactors, e.g. EPR. Continuous development and assessment of thermal-hydraulic codes are necessary in order to meet present and future needs of licensing organizations, utilities, and vendors. Desired improvements include thermal-hydraulic models, multi-dimensional simulation, computational speed, interfaces to coupled codes, and code architecture. Real-time capability will be essential for application in full-scope simulators. Comprehensive code validation and quantification of uncertainties are prerequisites for future best-estimate analyses.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Janjusic, Tommy; Kartsaklis, Christos

Memory scalability is an enduring problem and bottleneck that plagues many parallel codes. Parallel codes designed for High Performance Systems are typically designed over the span of several, and in some instances 10+, years. As a result, optimization practices which were appropriate for earlier systems may no longer be valid and thus require careful optimization consideration. Specifically, parallel codes whose memory footprint is a function of their scalability must be carefully considered for future exa-scale systems. In this paper we present a methodology and tool to study the memory scalability of parallel codes. Using our methodology we evaluate an applicationmore » s memory footprint as a function of scalability, which we coined memory efficiency, and describe our results. In particular, using our in-house tools we can pinpoint the specific application components which contribute to the application s overall memory foot-print (application data- structures, libraries, etc.).« less

Status Report on NEAMS PROTEUS/ORIGEN Integration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wieselquist, William A

2016-02-18

The US Department of Energy’s Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program has contributed significantly to the development of the PROTEUS neutron transport code at Argonne National Laboratory and to the Oak Ridge Isotope Generation and Depletion Code (ORIGEN) depletion/decay code at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. PROTEUS’s key capability is the efficient and scalable (up to hundreds of thousands of cores) neutron transport solver on general, unstructured, three-dimensional finite-element-type meshes. The scalability and mesh generality enable the transfer of neutron and power distributions to other codes in the NEAMS toolkit for advanced multiphysics analysis. Recently, ORIGEN has received considerablemore » modernization to provide the high-performance depletion/decay capability within the NEAMS toolkit. This work presents a description of the initial integration of ORIGEN in PROTEUS, mainly performed during FY 2015, with minor updates in FY 2016.« less

Digital data for quick response (QR) codes of alkalophilic Bacillus pumilus to identify and to compare bacilli isolated from Lonar Crator Lake, India.

PubMed

Rekadwad, Bhagwan N; Khobragade, Chandrahasya N

2016-06-01

Microbiologists are routinely engaged isolation, identification and comparison of isolated bacteria for their novelty. 16S rRNA sequences of Bacillus pumilus were retrieved from NCBI repository and generated QR codes for sequences (FASTA format and full Gene Bank information). 16SrRNA were used to generate quick response (QR) codes of Bacillus pumilus isolated from Lonar Crator Lake (19° 58' N; 76° 31' E), India. Bacillus pumilus 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to generate CGR, FCGR and PCA. These can be used for visual comparison and evaluation respectively. The hyperlinked QR codes, CGR, FCGR and PCA of all the isolates are made available to the users on a portal https://sites.google.com/site/bhagwanrekadwad/. This generated digital data helps to evaluate and compare any Bacillus pumilus strain, minimizes laboratory efforts and avoid misinterpretation of the species.

Energy Levels and Oscillator Strengths for Ne-like Iron Ions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhong, J. Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, G.; Lu, X..

2004-02-01

Energy levels and oscillator strengths among the 27 fine-structure levels belonging to the (1s22s2)2p6, 2p53s, 2p53p and 2p53d configurations of neon-like iron ion have been calculated by using three atomic structure codes, RCN/RCG, AUTOSTRUCTURE (AS) and GRASP. The relativistic corrections of the wave functions are taken into account in RCN/RCG calculations. The results well agree with experimental and theoretical data wherever available. Finally the accuracy of three codes was analyzed.

Trilateral Bridge Rating Criteria.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-01

and vehicle impact factor (i.e., V= VDES , G - G S , D- dm , I - imS). We take the Mud load as 0.8 times the design values (i.e., M - 0.8 ?S) and set...Artur D Ittek ln TABLE 4.1 SUMMARY OF VALUES USED IN NORMAL CROSSING Symbol Meaning Value VDES Design code vehicle weight 60 tons 9DES Design code gap...a caution crossing we first parametrically increase in vehicle weight or gap size, by V = (1+pv) VDES (5.1a) G = (1+pg) 9DES (5.1b) where 1 V is the

Additional development of the XTRAN3S computer program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borland, C. J.

1989-01-01

Additional developments and enhancements to the XTRAN3S computer program, a code for calculation of steady and unsteady aerodynamics, and associated aeroelastic solutions, for 3-D wings in the transonic flow regime are described. Algorithm improvements for the XTRAN3S program were provided including an implicit finite difference scheme to enhance the allowable time step and vectorization for improved computational efficiency. The code was modified to treat configurations with a fuselage, multiple stores/nacelles/pylons, and winglets. Computer program changes (updates) for error corrections and updates for version control are provided.

Accuracy and Completeness of Clinical Coding Using ICD-10 for Ambulatory Visits

PubMed Central

Horsky, Jan; Drucker, Elizabeth A.; Ramelson, Harley Z.

2017-01-01

This study describes a simulation of diagnostic coding using an EHR. Twenty-three ambulatory clinicians were asked to enter appropriate codes for six standardized scenarios with two different EHRs. Their interactions with the query interface were analyzed for patterns and variations in search strategies and the resulting sets of entered codes for accuracy and completeness. Just over a half of entered codes were appropriate for a given scenario and about a quarter were omitted. Crohn’s disease and diabetes scenarios had the highest rate of inappropriate coding and code variation. The omission rate was higher for secondary than for primary visit diagnoses. Codes for immunization, dialysis dependence and nicotine dependence were the most often omitted. We also found a high rate of variation in the search terms used to query the EHR for the same diagnoses. Changes to the training of clinicians and improved design of EHR query modules may lower the rate of inappropriate and omitted codes. PMID:29854158

MS/MS Digital Readout: Analysis of Binary Information Encoded in the Monomer Sequences of Poly(triazole amide)s.

PubMed

Amalian, Jean-Arthur; Trinh, Thanh Tam; Lutz, Jean-François; Charles, Laurence

2016-04-05

Tandem mass spectrometry was evaluated as a reliable sequencing methodology to read codes encrypted in monodisperse sequence-coded oligo(triazole amide)s. The studied oligomers were composed of monomers containing a triazole ring, a short ethylene oxide segment, and an amide group as well as a short alkyl chain (propyl or isobutyl) which defined the 0/1 molecular binary code. Using electrospray ionization, oligo(triazole amide)s were best ionized as protonated molecules and were observed to adopt a single charge state, suggesting that adducted protons were located on every other monomer unit. Upon collisional activation, cleavages of the amide bond and of one ether bond were observed to proceed in each monomer, yielding two sets of complementary product ions. Distribution of protons over the precursor structure was found to remain unchanged upon activation, allowing charge state to be anticipated for product ions in the four series and hence facilitating their assignment for a straightforward characterization of any encoded oligo(triazole amide)s.

Opacplot2: Enabling tabulated EoS and opacity compatibility for HEDLP simulations with the FLASH code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laune, Jordan; Tzeferacos, Petros; Feister, Scott; Fatenejad, Milad; Yurchak, Roman; Flocke, Norbert; Weide, Klaus; Lamb, Donald

2017-10-01

Thermodynamic and opacity properties of materials are necessary to accurately simulate laser-driven laboratory experiments. Such data are compiled in tabular format since the thermodynamic range that needs to be covered cannot be described with one single theoretical model. Moreover, tabulated data can be made available prior to runtime, reducing both compute cost and code complexity. This approach is employed by the FLASH code. Equation of state (EoS) and opacity data comes in various formats, matrix-layouts, and file-structures. We discuss recent developments on opacplot2, an open-source Python module that manipulates tabulated EoS and opacity data. We present software that builds upon opacplot2 and enables easy-to-use conversion of different table formats into the IONMIX format, the native tabular input used by FLASH. Our work enables FLASH users to take advantage of a wider range of accurate EoS and opacity tables in simulating HELP experiments at the National Laser User Facilities.

Cross-Layer Design for Video Transmission over Wireless Rician Slow-Fading Channels Using an Adaptive Multiresolution Modulation and Coding Scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pei, Yong; Modestino, James W.

2007-12-01

We describe a multilayered video transport scheme for wireless channels capable of adapting to channel conditions in order to maximize end-to-end quality of service (QoS). This scheme combines a scalable H.263+ video source coder with unequal error protection (UEP) across layers. The UEP is achieved by employing different channel codes together with a multiresolution modulation approach to transport the different priority layers. Adaptivity to channel conditions is provided through a joint source-channel coding (JSCC) approach which attempts to jointly optimize the source and channel coding rates together with the modulation parameters to obtain the maximum achievable end-to-end QoS for the prevailing channel conditions. In this work, we model the wireless links as slow-fading Rician channel where the channel conditions can be described in terms of the channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the ratio of specular-to-diffuse energy[InlineEquation not available: see fulltext.]. The multiresolution modulation/coding scheme consists of binary rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes used together with nonuniform phase-shift keyed (PSK) signaling constellations. Results indicate that this adaptive JSCC scheme employing scalable video encoding together with a multiresolution modulation/coding approach leads to significant improvements in delivered video quality for specified channel conditions. In particular, the approach results in considerably improved graceful degradation properties for decreasing channel SNR.

A good performance watermarking LDPC code used in high-speed optical fiber communication system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Wenbo; Li, Chao; Zhang, Xiaoguang; Xi, Lixia; Tang, Xianfeng; He, Wenxue

2015-07-01

A watermarking LDPC code, which is a strategy designed to improve the performance of the traditional LDPC code, was introduced. By inserting some pre-defined watermarking bits into original LDPC code, we can obtain a more correct estimation about the noise level in the fiber channel. Then we use them to modify the probability distribution function (PDF) used in the initial process of belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm. This algorithm was tested in a 128 Gb/s PDM-DQPSK optical communication system and results showed that the watermarking LDPC code had a better tolerances to polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and nonlinearity than that of traditional LDPC code. Also, by losing about 2.4% of redundancy for watermarking bits, the decoding efficiency of the watermarking LDPC code is about twice of the traditional one.

New Site Coefficients and Site Classification System Used in Recent Building Seismic Code Provisions

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dobry, R.; Borcherdt, R.D.; Crouse, C.B.; Idriss, I.M.; Joyner, W.B.; Martin, G.R.; Power, M.S.; Rinne, E.E.; Seed, R.B.

2000-01-01

Recent code provisions for buildings and other structures (1994 and 1997 NEHRP Provisions, 1997 UBC) have adopted new site amplification factors and a new procedure for site classification. Two amplitude-dependent site amplification factors are specified: Fa for short periods and Fv for longer periods. Previous codes included only a long period factor S and did not provide for a short period amplification factor. The new site classification system is based on definitions of five site classes in terms of a representative average shear wave velocity to a depth of 30 m (V?? s). This definition permits sites to be classified unambiguously. When the shear wave velocity is not available, other soil properties such as standard penetration resistance or undrained shear strength can be used. The new site classes denoted by letters A - E, replace site classes in previous codes denoted by S1 - S4. Site classes A and B correspond to hard rock and rock, Site Class C corresponds to soft rock and very stiff / very dense soil, and Site Classes D and E correspond to stiff soil and soft soil. A sixth site class, F, is defined for soils requiring site-specific evaluations. Both Fa and Fv are functions of the site class, and also of the level of seismic hazard on rock, defined by parameters such as Aa and Av (1994 NEHRP Provisions), Ss and S1 (1997 NEHRP Provisions) or Z (1997 UBC). The values of Fa and Fv decrease as the seismic hazard on rock increases due to soil nonlinearity. The greatest impact of the new factors Fa and Fv as compared with the old S factors occurs in areas of low-to-medium seismic hazard. This paper summarizes the new site provisions, explains the basis for them, and discusses ongoing studies of site amplification in recent earthquakes that may influence future code developments.

Verification and Validation: High Charge and Energy (HZE) Transport Codes and Future Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, John W.; Tripathi, Ram K.; Mertens, Christopher J.; Blattnig, Steve R.; Clowdsley, Martha S.; Cucinotta, Francis A.; Tweed, John; Heinbockel, John H.; Walker, Steven A.; Nealy, John E.

2005-01-01

In the present paper, we give the formalism for further developing a fully three-dimensional HZETRN code using marching procedures but also development of a new Green's function code is discussed. The final Green's function code is capable of not only validation in the space environment but also in ground based laboratories with directed beams of ions of specific energy and characterized with detailed diagnostic particle spectrometer devices. Special emphasis is given to verification of the computational procedures and validation of the resultant computational model using laboratory and spaceflight measurements. Due to historical requirements, two parallel development paths for computational model implementation using marching procedures and Green s function techniques are followed. A new version of the HZETRN code capable of simulating HZE ions with either laboratory or space boundary conditions is under development. Validation of computational models at this time is particularly important for President Bush s Initiative to develop infrastructure for human exploration with first target demonstration of the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) in low Earth orbit in 2008.

Stagnation-point heat-transfer rate predictions at aeroassist flight conditions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gupta, Roop N.; Jones, Jim J.; Rochelle, William C.

1992-01-01

The results are presented for the stagnation-point heat-transfer rates used in the design process of the Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) vehicle over its entire aeropass trajectory. The prediction methods used in this investigation demonstrate the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to a wide range of flight conditions and their usefulness in a design process. The heating rates were computed by a viscous-shock-layer (VSL) code at the lower altitudes and by a Navier-Stokes (N-S) code for the higher altitude cases. For both methods, finite-rate chemically reacting gas was considered, and a temperature-dependent wall-catalysis model was used. The wall temperature for each case was assumed to be radiative equilibrium temperature, based on total heating. The radiative heating was estimated by using a correlation equation. Wall slip was included in the N-S calculation method, and this method implicitly accounts for shock slip. The N-S/VSL combination of projection methods was established by comparison with the published benchmark flow-field code LAURA results at lower altitudes, and the direct simulation Monte Carlo results at higher altitude cases. To obtain the design heating rate over the entire forward face of the vehicle, a boundary-layer method (BLIMP code) that employs reacting chemistry and surface catalysis was used. The ratio of the VSL or N-S method prediction to that obtained from the boundary-layer method code at the stagnation point is used to define an adjustment factor, which accounts for the errors involved in using the boundary-layer method.

Selection and Evaluation of a Real Time Monitoring System for the Bigeye Bomb Fill/Close Production Facility. Phase 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-01

and ZIP Code ) 10 SOURCE OF FUNDING NU MBERS I O KUI PROGRAM PRO ECCT TASKWOKUI E L E M E N T N O . N O .I 1 2 0 N O A 5 A C C E S S I O N N OlI I1 TITLE... source of by-products formation. Generating Data for Mathematical Modeling of Real Vapor Phase Reaction Systems (tremendously speeds multi -level, multi ...SMCC-RI1 6c AD RS(Ciry,. State, and ZIP Code ) SCRRI 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) IA!hrueýýt Proving Ground, MD 21010-54213 a.NMOFFUNI.DNG

Upgrades to the NESS (Nuclear Engine System Simulation) Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fittje, James E.

2007-01-01

In support of the President's Vision for Space Exploration, the Nuclear Thermal Rocket (NTR) concept is being evaluated as a potential propulsion technology for human expeditions to the moon and Mars. The need for exceptional propulsion system performance in these missions has been documented in numerous studies, and was the primary focus of a considerable effort undertaken during the 1960's and 1970's. The NASA Glenn Research Center is leveraging this past NTR investment in their vehicle concepts and mission analysis studies with the aid of the Nuclear Engine System Simulation (NESS) code. This paper presents the additional capabilities and upgrades made to this code in order to perform higher fidelity NTR propulsion system analysis and design.

Entropy Production during Fatigue as a Criterion for Failure. The Critical Entropy Threshold: A Mathematical Model for Fatigue.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-08-15

Measurement of Material Damping," Experimental Mechanics, 297-302 (Aug 1977). 4. Feltner, C. E., and J. D. Morrow, " Microplastic Strain Hysteresis Energy as...Code OOKB, CP5, Room 606 Washington, DC 20360 Mr. Richard R. Graham, II Code 5243, Bldg. NC4 Naval Sea Systems Command "* Washington, DC 20362 Mr. Al...Harbage, Jr. Code 2723 DTNSRDC Annapolis, MD 21402 L’r. Martih Kandl Code 5231 Naval Sea Systems Command *i Washington, DC 20362 S. Karpe David W

Methodology of decreasing software complexity using ontology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DÄ browska-Kubik, Katarzyna

2015-09-01

In this paper a model of web application`s source code, based on the OSD ontology (Ontology for Software Development), is proposed. This model is applied to implementation and maintenance phase of software development process through the DevOntoCreator tool [5]. The aim of this solution is decreasing software complexity of that source code, using many different maintenance techniques, like creation of documentation, elimination dead code, cloned code or bugs, which were known before [1][2]. Due to this approach saving on software maintenance costs of web applications will be possible.

Fault-tolerant logical gates in quantum error-correcting codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pastawski, Fernando; Yoshida, Beni

2015-01-01

Recently, S. Bravyi and R. König [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 170503 (2013), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.170503] have shown that there is a trade-off between fault-tolerantly implementable logical gates and geometric locality of stabilizer codes. They consider locality-preserving operations which are implemented by a constant-depth geometrically local circuit and are thus fault tolerant by construction. In particular, they show that, for local stabilizer codes in D spatial dimensions, locality-preserving gates are restricted to a set of unitary gates known as the D th level of the Clifford hierarchy. In this paper, we explore this idea further by providing several extensions and applications of their characterization to qubit stabilizer and subsystem codes. First, we present a no-go theorem for self-correcting quantum memory. Namely, we prove that a three-dimensional stabilizer Hamiltonian with a locality-preserving implementation of a non-Clifford gate cannot have a macroscopic energy barrier. This result implies that non-Clifford gates do not admit such implementations in Haah's cubic code and Michnicki's welded code. Second, we prove that the code distance of a D -dimensional local stabilizer code with a nontrivial locality-preserving m th -level Clifford logical gate is upper bounded by O (LD +1 -m) . For codes with non-Clifford gates (m >2 ), this improves the previous best bound by S. Bravyi and B. Terhal [New. J. Phys. 11, 043029 (2009), 10.1088/1367-2630/11/4/043029]. Topological color codes, introduced by H. Bombin and M. A. Martin-Delgado [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 180501 (2006), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.180501; Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 160502 (2007), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.160502; Phys. Rev. B 75, 075103 (2007), 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.075103], saturate the bound for m =D . Third, we prove that the qubit erasure threshold for codes with a nontrivial transversal m th -level Clifford logical gate is upper bounded by 1 /m . This implies that no family of fault-tolerant codes with transversal gates in increasing level of the Clifford hierarchy may exist. This result applies to arbitrary stabilizer and subsystem codes and is not restricted to geometrically local codes. Fourth, we extend the result of Bravyi and König to subsystem codes. Unlike stabilizer codes, the so-called union lemma does not apply to subsystem codes. This problem is avoided by assuming the presence of an error threshold in a subsystem code, and a conclusion analogous to that of Bravyi and König is recovered.

Report of the Secretary of Defense Task Force on DoD Nuclear Weapons Management. Phase 1. The Air Force’s Nuclear Mission

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

under- resourced. • Missile transfer vans /warhead transfer vans require upgrades. • ICBM weapon system test sets under-funded; the coding system...Air Force’s Nuclear Mission D-1 Appendix D. Current B-52 Basing Status Barksdale AFB, LA 64 B-52Hs Minot AFB, ND 27 B-52Hs Edwards AFB, CA 3...Barksdale – 64 B-52s 2 BW (ACC) 15 TF; 24 CC; 7 BAI 53 WG (ACC) 2 Test Coded 917 WG (AFRC) 8 CC; 1 BAI 7 Unfunded AR Edwards - 3 B-52s 412 TW 2 Test

40 CFR Appendix III to Subpart S... - As-Received Inspection

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) General Compliance Provisions for Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light... Reading 7. Build Date 8. MIL light on/off status 9. Readiness code status 10. Stored OBD codes 11.Any...

Pediatric severe sepsis in U.S. children's hospitals.

PubMed

Balamuth, Fran; Weiss, Scott L; Neuman, Mark I; Scott, Halden; Brady, Patrick W; Paul, Raina; Farris, Reid W D; McClead, Richard; Hayes, Katie; Gaieski, David; Hall, Matt; Shah, Samir S; Alpern, Elizabeth R

2014-11-01

To compare the prevalence, resource utilization, and mortality for pediatric severe sepsis identified using two established identification strategies. Observational cohort study from 2004 to 2012. Forty-four pediatric hospitals contributing data to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. Children 18 years old or younger. We identified patients with severe sepsis or septic shock by using two International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition, Clinical Modification-based coding strategies: 1) combinations of International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition, Clinical Modification codes for infection plus organ dysfunction (combination code cohort); 2) International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition, Clinical Modification codes for severe sepsis and septic shock (sepsis code cohort). Outcomes included prevalence of severe sepsis, as well as hospital and ICU length of stay, and mortality. Outcomes were compared between the two cohorts examining aggregate differences over the study period and trends over time. The combination code cohort identified 176,124 hospitalizations (3.1% of all hospitalizations), whereas the sepsis code cohort identified 25,236 hospitalizations (0.45%), a seven-fold difference. Between 2004 and 2012, the prevalence of sepsis increased from 3.7% to 4.4% using the combination code cohort and from 0.4% to 0.7% using the sepsis code cohort (p < 0.001 for trend in each cohort). Length of stay (hospital and ICU) and costs decreased in both cohorts over the study period (p < 0.001). Overall, hospital mortality was higher in the sepsis code cohort than the combination code cohort (21.2% [95% CI, 20.7-21.8] vs 8.2% [95% CI, 8.0-8.3]). Over the 9-year study period, there was an absolute reduction in mortality of 10.9% (p < 0.001) in the sepsis code cohort and 3.8% (p < 0.001) in the combination code cohort. Prevalence of pediatric severe sepsis increased in the studied U.S. children's hospitals over the past 9 years, whereas resource utilization and mortality decreased. Epidemiologic estimates of pediatric severe sepsis varied up to seven-fold depending on the strategy used for case ascertainment.

Pediatric Severe Sepsis in US Children’s Hospitals

PubMed Central

Balamuth, Fran; Weiss, Scott L.; Neuman, Mark I.; Scott, Halden; Brady, Patrick W.; Paul, Raina; Farris, Reid W.D.; McClead, Richard; Hayes, Katie; Gaieski, David; Hall, Matt; Shah, Samir S.; Alpern, Elizabeth R.

2014-01-01

Objective To compare the prevalence, resource utilization, and mortality for pediatric severe sepsis identified using two established identification strategies. Design Observational cohort study from 2004–2012. Setting Forty-four pediatric hospitals contributing data to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. Patients Children ≤18 years of age. Measurements and Main Results We identified patients with severe sepsis or septic shock by using two International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition-Clinical Modification (ICD9-CM) based coding strategies: 1) combinations of ICD9-CM codes for infection plus organ dysfunction (combination code cohort); 2) ICD9-CM codes for severe sepsis and septic shock (sepsis code cohort). Outcomes included prevalence of severe sepsis, as well as hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and mortality. Outcomes were compared between the two cohorts examining aggregate differences over the study period and trends over time. The combination code cohort identified, 176,124 hospitalizations (3.1% of all hospitalizations), while the sepsis code cohort identified 25,236 hospitalizations (0.45%), a 7-fold difference. Between 2004 and 2012, the prevalence of sepsis increased from 3.7% to 4.4% using the combination code cohort and from 0.4% to 0.7% using the sepsis code cohort (p<0.001 for trend in each cohort). LOS (hospital and ICU) and costs decreased in both cohorts over the study period (p<0.001). Overall hospital mortality was higher in the sepsis code cohort than the combination code cohort (21.2%, (95% CI: 20.7–21.8 vs. 8.2%,(95% CI: 8.0–8.3). Over the 9 year study period, there was an absolute reduction in mortality of 10.9% (p<0.001) in the sepsis code cohort and 3.8% (p<0.001) in the combination code cohort. Conclusions Prevalence of pediatric severe sepsis increased in the studied US children’s hospitals over the past 9 years, though resource utilization and mortality decreased. Epidemiologic estimates of pediatric severe sepsis varied up to 7-fold depending on the strategy used for case ascertainment. PMID:25162514

Combined utilization of partial-response coding and equalization for high-speed WDM-PON with centralized lightwaves.

PubMed

Guo, Qi; Tran, An V

2012-12-17

In this paper, we investigate the transmission impairments in a high-speed single-feeder wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) employing low-bandwidth upstream transmitter. A 1-GHz reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) is operated at the rates of 10 Gb/s and 20 Gb/s in the proposed WDM-PON. Since the system performance is seriously limited by its uplink in both capacity and reach owing to inter-symbol interference and reflection noise, we present a novel technique with simultaneous capability of spectral efficiency enhancement and transmission distance extension in the uplink via coding and equalization that exploit the principles of partial-response (PR) signal. It is experimentally demonstrated that the proposed system supports the delivery of 10 Gb/s and 20 Gb/s upstream signals over 75-km and 25-km bidirectional fiber, respectively. The configuration of PR equalizer is optimized for its best performance-complexity trade-off. The reflection tolerance of 10 Gb/s and 20 Gb/s channels is improved by 8 dB and 6 dB, respectively, with PR coding. The proposed cost-effective signal processing scheme has great potential for the next-generation access networks.

CHEETAH: A next generation thermochemical code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fried, L.; Souers, P.

1994-11-01

CHEETAH is an effort to bring the TIGER thermochemical code into the 1990s. A wide variety of improvements have been made in Version 1.0. We have improved the robustness and ease of use of TIGER. All of TIGER`s solvers have been replaced by new algorithms. We find that CHEETAH solves a wider variety of problems with no user intervention (e.g. no guesses for the C-J state) than TIGER did. CHEETAH has been made simpler to use than TIGER; typical use of the code occurs with the new standard run command. CHEETAH will make the use of thermochemical codes more attractivemore » to practical explosive formulators. We have also made an extensive effort to improve over the results of TIGER. CHEETAH`s version of the BKW equation of state (BKWC) is able to accurately reproduce energies from cylinder tests; something that other BKW parameter sets have been unable to do. Calculations performed with BKWC execute very quickly; typical run times are under 10 seconds on a workstation. In the future we plan to improve the underlying science in CHEETAH. More accurate equations of state will be used in the gas and the condensed phase. A kinetics capability will be added to the code that will predict reaction zone thickness. Further ease of use features will eventually be added; an automatic formulator that adjusts concentrations to match desired properties is planned.« less

Conserved pattern of embryonic actin gene expression in several sea urchins and a sand dollar.

PubMed

Bushman, F D; Crain, W R

1983-08-01

An examination of the size and relative abundance of actin-coding RNA in embryos of four sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, Arbacia punctulata, Lytechinus variegatus) and one sand dollar (Echinarachnius parma) reveals a generally conserved program of expression. In each species the relative abundance of these sequences is low in early embryos and begins to rise during late cleavage or blastula stages. In the four sea urchins, actin-coding RNAs increase between approximately 9- and 35-fold by pluteus or an earlier stage, and in the sand dollar about 5.5-fold by blastula. A major actin-coding RNA class of 2.0-2.2 kilobases (kb) is found in each species. A smaller actin-coding RNA class, which accumulates during embryogenesis, is also present in S. purpuratus (1.8 kb), S. droebachiensis (1.9 kb), and A. punctulata (1.6 kb), but apparently absent in L. variegatus and E. parma. In S. droebachiensis, actin-coding RNA is relatively abundant in unfertilized eggs and drops sharply by the 16-cell stage. This is in contrast to the other sea urchins where the actin message content is relatively low in eggs and does not change substantially in the embryos throughout early cleavage. The observations in this study suggest that the pattern of embryonic expression of at least some members of this gene family is ancient and conserved.

The SCEC/USGS dynamic earthquake rupture code verification exercise

USGS Publications Warehouse

Harris, R.A.; Barall, M.; Archuleta, R.; Dunham, E.; Aagaard, Brad T.; Ampuero, J.-P.; Bhat, H.; Cruz-Atienza, Victor M.; Dalguer, L.; Dawson, P.; Day, S.; Duan, B.; Ely, G.; Kaneko, Y.; Kase, Y.; Lapusta, N.; Liu, Yajing; Ma, S.; Oglesby, D.; Olsen, K.; Pitarka, A.; Song, S.; Templeton, E.

2009-01-01

Numerical simulations of earthquake rupture dynamics are now common, yet it has been difficult to test the validity of these simulations because there have been few field observations and no analytic solutions with which to compare the results. This paper describes the Southern California Earthquake Center/U.S. Geological Survey (SCEC/USGS) Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Code Verification Exercise, where codes that simulate spontaneous rupture dynamics in three dimensions are evaluated and the results produced by these codes are compared using Web-based tools. This is the first time that a broad and rigorous examination of numerous spontaneous rupture codes has been performed—a significant advance in this science. The automated process developed to attain this achievement provides for a future where testing of codes is easily accomplished.Scientists who use computer simulations to understand earthquakes utilize a range of techniques. Most of these assume that earthquakes are caused by slip at depth on faults in the Earth, but hereafter the strategies vary. Among the methods used in earthquake mechanics studies are kinematic approaches and dynamic approaches.The kinematic approach uses a computer code that prescribes the spatial and temporal evolution of slip on the causative fault (or faults). These types of simulations are very helpful, especially since they can be used in seismic data inversions to relate the ground motions recorded in the field to slip on the fault(s) at depth. However, these kinematic solutions generally provide no insight into the physics driving the fault slip or information about why the involved fault(s) slipped that much (or that little). In other words, these kinematic solutions may lack information about the physical dynamics of earthquake rupture that will be most helpful in forecasting future events.To help address this issue, some researchers use computer codes to numerically simulate earthquakes and construct dynamic, spontaneous rupture (hereafter called “spontaneous rupture”) solutions. For these types of numerical simulations, rather than prescribing the slip function at each location on the fault(s), just the friction constitutive properties and initial stress conditions are prescribed. The subsequent stresses and fault slip spontaneously evolve over time as part of the elasto-dynamic solution. Therefore, spontaneous rupture computer simulations of earthquakes allow us to include everything that we know, or think that we know, about earthquake dynamics and to test these ideas against earthquake observations.

An efficient decoding for low density parity check codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Ling; Zhang, Xiaolin; Zhu, Manjie

2009-12-01

Low density parity check (LDPC) codes are a class of forward-error-correction codes. They are among the best-known codes capable of achieving low bit error rates (BER) approaching Shannon's capacity limit. Recently, LDPC codes have been adopted by the European Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-S2) standard, and have also been proposed for the emerging IEEE 802.16 fixed and mobile broadband wireless-access standard. The consultative committee for space data system (CCSDS) has also recommended using LDPC codes in the deep space communications and near-earth communications. It is obvious that LDPC codes will be widely used in wired and wireless communication, magnetic recording, optical networking, DVB, and other fields in the near future. Efficient hardware implementation of LDPC codes is of great interest since LDPC codes are being considered for a wide range of applications. This paper presents an efficient partially parallel decoder architecture suited for quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes using Belief propagation algorithm for decoding. Algorithmic transformation and architectural level optimization are incorporated to reduce the critical path. First, analyze the check matrix of LDPC code, to find out the relationship between the row weight and the column weight. And then, the sharing level of the check node updating units (CNU) and the variable node updating units (VNU) are determined according to the relationship. After that, rearrange the CNU and the VNU, and divide them into several smaller parts, with the help of some assistant logic circuit, these smaller parts can be grouped into CNU during the check node update processing and grouped into VNU during the variable node update processing. These smaller parts are called node update kernel units (NKU) and the assistant logic circuit are called node update auxiliary unit (NAU). With NAUs' help, the two steps of iteration operation are completed by NKUs, which brings in great hardware resource reduction. Meanwhile, efficient techniques have been developed to reduce the computation delay of the node processing units and to minimize hardware overhead for parallel processing. This method may be applied not only to regular LDPC codes, but also to the irregular ones. Based on the proposed architectures, a (7493, 6096) irregular QC-LDPC code decoder is described using verilog hardware design language and implemented on Altera field programmable gate array (FPGA) StratixII EP2S130. The implementation results show that over 20% of logic core size can be saved than conventional partially parallel decoder architectures without any performance degradation. If the decoding clock is 100MHz, the proposed decoder can achieve a maximum (source data) decoding throughput of 133 Mb/s at 18 iterations.

A Verification-Driven Approach to Traceability and Documentation for Auto-Generated Mathematical Software

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Denney, Ewen W.; Fischer, Bernd

2009-01-01

Model-based development and automated code generation are increasingly used for production code in safety-critical applications, but since code generators are typically not qualified, the generated code must still be fully tested, reviewed, and certified. This is particularly arduous for mathematical and control engineering software which requires reviewers to trace subtle details of textbook formulas and algorithms to the code, and to match requirements (e.g., physical units or coordinate frames) not represented explicitly in models or code. Both tasks are complicated by the often opaque nature of auto-generated code. We address these problems by developing a verification-driven approach to traceability and documentation. We apply the AUTOCERT verification system to identify and then verify mathematical concepts in the code, based on a mathematical domain theory, and then use these verified traceability links between concepts, code, and verification conditions to construct a natural language report that provides a high-level structured argument explaining why and how the code uses the assumptions and complies with the requirements. We have applied our approach to generate review documents for several sub-systems of NASA s Project Constellation.

Global transcriptome analysis reveals extensive gene remodeling, alternative splicing and differential transcription profiles in non-seed vascular plant Selaginella moellendorffii.

PubMed

Zhu, Yan; Chen, Longxian; Zhang, Chengjun; Hao, Pei; Jing, Xinyun; Li, Xuan

2017-01-25

Selaginella moellendorffii, a lycophyte, is a model plant to study the early evolution and development of vascular plants. As the first and only sequenced lycophyte to date, the genome of S. moellendorffii revealed many conserved genes and pathways, as well as specialized genes different from flowering plants. Despite the progress made, little is known about long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) and the alternative splicing (AS) of coding genes in S. moellendorffii. Its coding gene models have not been fully validated with transcriptome data. Furthermore, it remains important to understand whether the regulatory mechanisms similar to flowering plants are used, and how they operate in a non-seed primitive vascular plant. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for three S. moellendorffii tissues, root, stem, and leaf, by constructing strand-specific RNA-seq libraries from RNA purified using RiboMinus isolation protocol. A total of 176 million reads (44 Gbp) were obtained from three tissue types, and were mapped to S. moellendorffii genome. By comparing with 22,285 existing gene models of S. moellendorffii, we identified 7930 high-confidence novel coding genes (a 35.6% increase), and for the first time reported 4422 lncRNAs in a lycophyte. Further, we refined 2461 (11.0%) of existing gene models, and identified 11,030 AS events (for 5957 coding genes) revealed for the first time for lycophytes. Tissue-specific gene expression with functional implication was analyzed, and 1031, 554, and 269 coding genes, and 174, 39, and 17 lncRNAs were identified in root, stem, and leaf tissues, respectively. The expression of critical genes for vascular development stages, i.e. formation of provascular cells, xylem specification and differentiation, and phloem specification and differentiation, was compared in S. moellendorffii tissues, indicating a less complex regulatory mechanism in lycophytes than in flowering plants. The results were further strengthened by the evolutionary trend of seven transcription factor families related to vascular development, which was observed among four representative species of seed and non-seed vascular plants, and nonvascular land and aquatic plants. The deep RNA-seq study of S. moellendorffii discovered extensive new gene contents, including novel coding genes, lncRNAs, AS events, and refined gene models. Compared to flowering vascular plants, S. moellendorffii displayed a less complexity in both gene structure, alternative splicing, and regulatory elements of vascular development. The study offered important insight into the evolution of vascular plants, and the regulation mechanism of vascular development in a non-seed plant.

LIGKA: A linear gyrokinetic code for the description of background kinetic and fast particle effects on the MHD stability in tokamaks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lauber, Ph.; Günter, S.; Könies, A.; Pinches, S. D.

2007-09-01

In a plasma with a population of super-thermal particles generated by heating or fusion processes, kinetic effects can lead to the additional destabilisation of MHD modes or even to additional energetic particle modes. In order to describe these modes, a new linear gyrokinetic MHD code has been developed and tested, LIGKA (linear gyrokinetic shear Alfvén physics) [Ph. Lauber, Linear gyrokinetic description of fast particle effects on the MHD stability in tokamaks, Ph.D. Thesis, TU München, 2003; Ph. Lauber, S. Günter, S.D. Pinches, Phys. Plasmas 12 (2005) 122501], based on a gyrokinetic model [H. Qin, Gyrokinetic theory and computational methods for electromagnetic perturbations in tokamaks, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton University, 1998]. A finite Larmor radius expansion together with the construction of some fluid moments and specification to the shear Alfvén regime results in a self-consistent, electromagnetic, non-perturbative model, that allows not only for growing or damped eigenvalues but also for a change in mode-structure of the magnetic perturbation due to the energetic particles and background kinetic effects. Compared to previous implementations [H. Qin, mentioned above], this model is coded in a more general and comprehensive way. LIGKA uses a Fourier decomposition in the poloidal coordinate and a finite element discretisation in the radial direction. Both analytical and numerical equilibria can be treated. Integration over the unperturbed particle orbits is performed with the drift-kinetic HAGIS code [S.D. Pinches, Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Nottingham, 1996; S.D. Pinches et al., CPC 111 (1998) 131] which accurately describes the particles' trajectories. This allows finite-banana-width effects to be implemented in a rigorous way since the linear formulation of the model allows the exchange of the unperturbed orbit integration and the discretisation of the perturbed potentials in the radial direction. Successful benchmarks for toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) and kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) with analytical results, ideal MHD codes, drift-kinetic codes and other codes based on kinetic models are reported.

Improving the sensitivity of high-frequency subharmonic imaging with coded excitation: A feasibility study

PubMed Central

Shekhar, Himanshu; Doyley, Marvin M.

2012-01-01

Purpose: Subharmonic intravascular ultrasound imaging (S-IVUS) could visualize the adventitial vasa vasorum, but the high pressure threshold required to incite subharmonic behavior in an ultrasound contrast agent will compromise sensitivity—a trait that has hampered the clinical use of S-IVUS. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using coded-chirp excitations to improve the sensitivity and axial resolution of S-IVUS. Methods: The subharmonic response of Targestar-pTM, a commercial microbubble ultrasound contrast agent (UCA), to coded-chirp (5%–20% fractional bandwidth) pulses and narrowband sine-burst (4% fractional bandwidth) pulses was assessed, first using computer simulations and then experimentally. Rectangular windowed excitation pulses with pulse durations ranging from 0.25 to 3 μs were used in all studies. All experimental studies were performed with a pair of transducers (20 MHz/10 MHz), both with diameter of 6.35 mm and focal length of 50 mm. The size distribution of the UCA was measured with a CasyTM Cell counter. Results: The simulation predicted a pressure threshold that was an order of magnitude higher than that determined experimentally. However, all other predictions were consistent with the experimental observations. It was predicted that: (1) exciting the agent with chirps would produce stronger subharmonic response relative to those produced by sine-bursts; (2) increasing the fractional bandwidth of coded-chirp excitation would increase the sensitivity of subharmonic imaging; and (3) coded-chirp would increase axial resolution. The experimental results revealed that subharmonic-to-fundamental ratios obtained with chirps were 5.7 dB higher than those produced with sine-bursts of similar duration. The axial resolution achieved with 20% fractional bandwidth chirps was approximately twice that achieved with 4% fractional bandwidth sine-bursts. Conclusions: The coded-chirp method is a suitable excitation strategy for subharmonic IVUS imaging. At the 20 MHz transmission frequency and 20% fractional bandwidth, coded-chirp excitation appears to represent the ideal tradeoff between subharmonic strength and axial resolution. PMID:22482626

Metformin-Induced Changes of the Coding Transcriptome and Non-Coding RNAs in the Livers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice.

PubMed

Guo, Jun; Zhou, Yuan; Cheng, Yafen; Fang, Weiwei; Hu, Gang; Wei, Jie; Lin, Yajun; Man, Yong; Guo, Lixin; Sun, Mingxiao; Cui, Qinghua; Li, Jian

2018-01-01

Recent studies have suggested that changes in non-coding mRNA play a key role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metformin is now recommended and effective for the treatment of NAFLD. We hope the current analyses of the non-coding mRNA transcriptome will provide a better presentation of the potential roles of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that underlie NAFLD and metformin intervention. The present study mainly analysed changes in the coding transcriptome and non-coding RNAs after the application of a five-week metformin intervention. Liver samples from three groups of mice were harvested for transcriptome profiling, which covered mRNA, lncRNA, microRNA (miRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA), using a microarray technique. A systematic alleviation of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced transcriptome alterations by metformin was observed. The metformin treatment largely reversed the correlations with diabetes-related pathways. Our analysis also suggested interaction networks between differentially expressed lncRNAs and known hepatic disease genes and interactions between circRNA and their disease-related miRNA partners. Eight HFD-responsive lncRNAs and three metformin-responsive lncRNAs were noted due to their widespread associations with disease genes. Moreover, seven miRNAs that interacted with multiple differentially expressed circRNAs were highlighted because they were likely to be associated with metabolic or liver diseases. The present study identified novel changes in the coding transcriptome and non-coding RNAs in the livers of NAFLD mice after metformin treatment that might shed light on the underlying mechanism by which metformin impedes the progression of NAFLD. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Methods for Coding Tobacco-Related Twitter Data: A Systematic Review

PubMed Central

Unger, Jennifer B; Cruz, Tess Boley; Chu, Kar-Hai

2017-01-01

Background As Twitter has grown in popularity to 313 million monthly active users, researchers have increasingly been using it as a data source for tobacco-related research. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to assess the methodological approaches of categorically coded tobacco Twitter data and make recommendations for future studies. Methods Data sources included PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, ABI/INFORM, Communication Source, and Tobacco Regulatory Science. Searches were limited to peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings in English from January 2006 to July 2016. The initial search identified 274 articles using a Twitter keyword and a tobacco keyword. One coder reviewed all abstracts and identified 27 articles that met the following inclusion criteria: (1) original research, (2) focused on tobacco or a tobacco product, (3) analyzed Twitter data, and (4) coded Twitter data categorically. One coder extracted data collection and coding methods. Results E-cigarettes were the most common type of Twitter data analyzed, followed by specific tobacco campaigns. The most prevalent data sources were Gnip and Twitter’s Streaming application programming interface (API). The primary methods of coding were hand-coding and machine learning. The studies predominantly coded for relevance, sentiment, theme, user or account, and location of user. Conclusions Standards for data collection and coding should be developed to be able to more easily compare and replicate tobacco-related Twitter results. Additional recommendations include the following: sample Twitter’s databases multiple times, make a distinction between message attitude and emotional tone for sentiment, code images and URLs, and analyze user profiles. Being relatively novel and widely used among adolescents and black and Hispanic individuals, Twitter could provide a rich source of tobacco surveillance data among vulnerable populations. PMID:28363883

NRL Review for 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-05-01

RESEARCH Code 1001 Dr. T. Coffey ASSOCIATE DIRECTORS OF RESEARCH OFFICE FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING Code 1003 Or W.M Tolles II I I/.... I BUSINESS GENERAL...of its strategic vision, we agreed that together towards NRL’s strength lies in its broad, multi- the best solution. " disciplinary character and the...peace, crisis or war, American leaders can continue to contribute in several have always turned to the Sea Services areas as America’s corporate

A Code Division Multiple Access Communication System for the Low Frequency Band.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

frequency channels spread-spectrum communication / complex sequences, orthogonal codes impulsive noise 20. ABSTRACT (Continue an reverse side It...their transmissions with signature sequences. Our LF/CDMA scheme is different in that each user’s signature sequence set consists of M orthogonal ...signature sequences. Our LF/CDMA scheme is different in that each user’s signature sequence set consists of M orthogonal sequences and thus log 2 M

Design and Experimental Results for the S414 Airfoil

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-01

EXECUTION The Eppler Airfoil Design and Analysis Code (refs. 15 and 16), a subcritical, single- element code, was used to design the initial fore- and...1965. 14. Maughmer, Mark D.: Trailing Edge Conditions as a Factor in Airfoil Design. Ph.D. Dis- sertation, Univ. of Illinois, 1983.14 15. Eppler ...Richard: Airfoil Design and Data. Springer-Verlag (Berlin), 1990. 16. Eppler , Richard: Airfoil Program System “PROFIL07.” User’s Guide. Richard

Return with Honor: Code of Conduct Training in the National Military Strategy Security Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-09-01

maximize the number of deaths and injuries among the most vulnerable civilians, such as children, women and the elderly… The terrorist leaders - who do...Return with Honor: Code of Conduct Training in the National Military Strategy Security Environment 6. AUTHOR(S) Major Laura M. Ryan 5. FUNDING NUMBERS ...7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER

Leadership for the 1970s. A Leadership Model for Organizational Ethics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-11-01

orientation to the community’s interest, and to reflecting a high degree of self -discipline through adherence to a code of ethics. Compliance with these...that reflects self -sacrifice and complete dedication, and (4" a steadfast responsibility to a code of ethical conduct. Trarjitonaliy, the clergy...social values. Not only does society have an obligation to reflect changing social values but it also has a responsibility to attempt to shape

HAL/S-360 compiler test activity report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Helmers, C. T.

1974-01-01

The levels of testing employed in verifying the HAL/S-360 compiler were as follows: (1) typical applications program case testing; (2) functional testing of the compiler system and its generated code; and (3) machine oriented testing of compiler implementation on operational computers. Details of the initial test plan and subsequent adaptation are reported, along with complete test results for each phase which examined the production of object codes for every possible source statement.

Planning U.S. General Purpose Forces: The Theater Nuclear Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-01

usefulness in combat. All U.S. nuclear weapons deployed in Europe are fitted with Permissive Action Links (PAL), coded devices designed to impede...may be proposed. The Standard Missile 2, the Harpoon missile, the Mk48 tor- pedo , and the SUBROC anti-submarine rocket are all being considered for...Permissive Action Link . A coded device attached to nuclear weapons deployed abroad that impedes the unauthorized arming or firing of the weapon. Pershing

Molecular Regulatory Pathways Link Sepsis With Metabolic Syndrome: Non-coding RNA Elements Underlying the Sepsis/Metabolic Cross-Talk.

PubMed

Meydan, Chanan; Bekenstein, Uriya; Soreq, Hermona

2018-01-01

Sepsis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both inflammation-related entities with high impact for human health and the consequences of concussions. Both represent imbalanced parasympathetic/cholinergic response to insulting triggers and variably uncontrolled inflammation that indicates shared upstream regulators, including short microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These may cross talk across multiple systems, leading to complex molecular and clinical outcomes. Notably, biomedical and RNA-sequencing based analyses both highlight new links between the acquired and inherited pathogenic, cardiac and inflammatory traits of sepsis/MetS. Those include the HOTAIR and MIAT lncRNAs and their targets, such as miR-122, -150, -155, -182, -197, -375, -608 and HLA-DRA. Implicating non-coding RNA regulators in sepsis and MetS may delineate novel high-value biomarkers and targets for intervention.

Tartarus: A relativistic Green's function quantum average atom code

DOE PAGES

Gill, Nathanael Matthew; Starrett, Charles Edward

2017-06-28

A relativistic Green’s Function quantum average atom model is implemented in the Tartarus code for the calculation of equation of state data in dense plasmas. We first present the relativistic extension of the quantum Green’s Function average atom model described by Starrett [1]. The Green’s Function approach addresses the numerical challenges arising from resonances in the continuum density of states without the need for resonance tracking algorithms or adaptive meshes, though there are still numerical challenges inherent to this algorithm. We discuss how these challenges are addressed in the Tartarus algorithm. The outputs of the calculation are shown in comparisonmore » to PIMC/DFT-MD simulations of the Principal Shock Hugoniot in Silicon. Finally, we also present the calculation of the Hugoniot for Silver coming from both the relativistic and nonrelativistic modes of the Tartarus code.« less

Constellation labeling optimization for bit-interleaved coded APSK

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiang, Xingyu; Mo, Zijian; Wang, Zhonghai; Pham, Khanh; Blasch, Erik; Chen, Genshe

2016-05-01

This paper investigates the constellation and mapping optimization for amplitude phase shift keying (APSK) modulation, which is deployed in Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite - Second Generation (DVB-S2) and Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite services to Handhelds (DVB-SH) broadcasting standards due to its merits of power and spectral efficiency together with the robustness against nonlinear distortion. The mapping optimization is performed for 32-APSK according to combined cost functions related to Euclidean distance and mutual information. A Binary switching algorithm and its modified version are used to minimize the cost function and the estimated error between the original and received data. The optimized constellation mapping is tested by combining DVB-S2 standard Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes in both Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) and BICM with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) systems. The simulated results validate the proposed constellation labeling optimization scheme which yields better performance against conventional 32-APSK constellation defined in DVB-S2 standard.

Tartarus: A relativistic Green's function quantum average atom code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gill, Nathanael Matthew; Starrett, Charles Edward

A relativistic Green’s Function quantum average atom model is implemented in the Tartarus code for the calculation of equation of state data in dense plasmas. We first present the relativistic extension of the quantum Green’s Function average atom model described by Starrett [1]. The Green’s Function approach addresses the numerical challenges arising from resonances in the continuum density of states without the need for resonance tracking algorithms or adaptive meshes, though there are still numerical challenges inherent to this algorithm. We discuss how these challenges are addressed in the Tartarus algorithm. The outputs of the calculation are shown in comparisonmore » to PIMC/DFT-MD simulations of the Principal Shock Hugoniot in Silicon. Finally, we also present the calculation of the Hugoniot for Silver coming from both the relativistic and nonrelativistic modes of the Tartarus code.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brunett, A. J.; Fanning, T. H.

The United States has extensive experience with the design, construction, and operation of sodium cooled fast reactors (SFRs) over the last six decades. Despite the closure of various facilities, the U.S. continues to dedicate research and development (R&D) efforts to the design of innovative experimental, prototype, and commercial facilities. Accordingly, in support of the rich operating history and ongoing design efforts, the U.S. has been developing and maintaining a series of tools with capabilities that envelope all facets of SFR design and safety analyses. This paper provides an overview of the current U.S. SFR analysis toolset, including codes such asmore » SAS4A/SASSYS-1, MC2-3, SE2-ANL, PERSENT, NUBOW-3D, and LIFE-METAL, as well as the higher-fidelity tools (e.g. PROTEUS) being integrated into the toolset. Current capabilities of the codes are described and key ongoing development efforts are highlighted for some codes.« less

Project MANTIS: A MANTle Induction Simulator for coupling geodynamic and electromagnetic modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weiss, C. J.

2009-12-01

A key component to testing geodynamic hypotheses resulting from the 3D mantle convection simulations is the ability to easily translate the predicted physiochemical state to the model space relevant for an independent geophysical observation, such as earth's seismic, geodetic or electromagnetic response. In this contribution a new parallel code for simulating low-frequency, global-scale electromagnetic induction phenomena is introduced that has the same Earth discretization as the popular CitcomS mantle convection code. Hence, projection of the CitcomS model into the model space of electrical conductivity is greatly simplified, and focuses solely on the node-to-node, physics-based relationship between these Earth parameters without the need for "upscaling", "downscaling", averaging or harmonizing with some other model basis such as spherical harmonics. Preliminary performance tests of the MANTIS code on shared and distributed memory parallel compute platforms shows favorable scaling (>70% efficiency) for up to 500 processors. As with CitcomS, an OpenDX visualization widget (VISMAN) is also provided for 3D rendering and interactive interrogation of model results. Details of the MANTIS code will be briefly discussed here, focusing on compatibility with CitcomS modeling, as will be preliminary results in which the electromagnetic response of a CitcomS model is evaluated. VISMAN rendering of electrical tomography-derived electrical conductivity model overlain by an a 1x1 deg crustal conductivity map. Grey scale represents the log_10 magnitude of conductivity [S/m]. Arrows are horiztonal components of a hypothetical magnetospheric source field used to electromagnetically excite the conductivity model.

Extracellular Matrix Induced Integrin Signal Transduction and Breast Cancer Invasion.

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-10-01

Metalloproteinase, breast, mammary, integrin, collagen, RGDS, matrilysin 49 breast cancer 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY...Organization Name(s) and Address(es). Self-explanatory. Block 16. Price Code. Enter appropriate price Block 8. Performinc!_rcanization Report code...areas of necrosis in the center of the tumor; a portion of the mammary gland can be seen in the lower right . The matrilysin in situ showed

Space Applications of the FLUKA Monte-Carlo Code: Lunar and Planetary Exploration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, V.; Ballarini, F.; Battistoni, G.; Campanella, M.; Carboni, M.; Cerutti, F.; Elkhayari, N.; Empl, A.; Fasso, A.; Ferrari, A.;

A Summary of the Naval Postgraduate School Research Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-30

a Helmholtz mode involving the head section plenum. An experimental investigation was conducted to examine fuel regresion rate control methods other...Directed: Regression Rate Control in Solid Fuel Ramjets", Master’s Thesis, September, 1985. D. C. Rigterink, "An Experimental Investigation of Combustion...Space Systems Academic Group , Code 72 1 EW Academic Group , Code 73 1 Command, Control & Communications Group , Code 74 1 Curricular Officer of

Conflict Containment in the Balkans: Testing Extended Deterrence.

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-03-01

STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 13. ABSTRACT This thesis critically analyzes a prominent theoretical...Containment 15. NUMBER OF in the Balkans; Deterrence; Coercive Diplomacy; Balance of Forces. PAGES: 161 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFI- 18. SECURITY...Department of National Security Affai sAccesion For NTIS CRA&I DTtC TAB Unannounced Justifca ........... By- Distribution Availability Codes Avail and/or Dist

OCTGRAV: Sparse Octree Gravitational N-body Code on Graphics Processing Units

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaburov, Evghenii; Bédorf, Jeroen; Portegies Zwart, Simon

2010-10-01

Octgrav is a very fast tree-code which runs on massively parallel Graphical Processing Units (GPU) with NVIDIA CUDA architecture. The algorithms are based on parallel-scan and sort methods. The tree-construction and calculation of multipole moments is carried out on the host CPU, while the force calculation which consists of tree walks and evaluation of interaction list is carried out on the GPU. In this way, a sustained performance of about 100GFLOP/s and data transfer rates of about 50GB/s is achieved. It takes about a second to compute forces on a million particles with an opening angle of heta approx 0.5. To test the performance and feasibility, we implemented the algorithms in CUDA in the form of a gravitational tree-code which completely runs on the GPU. The tree construction and traverse algorithms are portable to many-core devices which have support for CUDA or OpenCL programming languages. The gravitational tree-code outperforms tuned CPU code during the tree-construction and shows a performance improvement of more than a factor 20 overall, resulting in a processing rate of more than 2.8 million particles per second. The code has a convenient user interface and is freely available for use.

Analysis of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus.

PubMed

Chun, J; Huq, A; Colwell, R R

1999-05-01

Vibrio cholerae identification based on molecular sequence data has been hampered by a lack of sequence variation from the closely related Vibrio mimicus. The two species share many genes coding for proteins, such as ctxAB, and show almost identical 16S DNA coding for rRNA (rDNA) sequences. Primers targeting conserved sequences flanking the 3' end of the 16S and the 5' end of the 23S rDNAs were used to amplify the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions of V. cholerae and V. mimicus. Two major (ca. 580 and 500 bp) and one minor (ca. 750 bp) amplicons were consistently generated for both species, and their sequences were determined. The largest fragment contains three tRNA genes (tDNAs) coding for tRNAGlu, tRNALys, and tRNAVal, which has not previously been found in bacteria examined to date. The 580-bp amplicon contained tDNAIle and tDNAAla, whereas the 500-bp fragment had single tDNA coding either tRNAGlu or tRNAAla. Little variation, i.e., 0 to 0.4%, was found among V. cholerae O1 classical, O1 El Tor, and O139 epidemic strains. Slightly more variation was found against the non-O1/non-O139 serotypes (ca. 1% difference) and V. mimicus (2 to 3% difference). A pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed, based on the region differentiating all of V. cholerae strains from V. mimicus. The PCR system developed was subsequently evaluated by using representatives of V. cholerae from environmental and clinical sources, and of other taxa, including V. mimicus. This study provides the first molecular tool for identifying the species V. cholerae.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Setaria digitata (Nematoda: Filarioidea): Mitochondrial gene content, arrangement and composition compared with other nematodes.

PubMed

Yatawara, Lalani; Wickramasinghe, Susiji; Rajapakse, R P V J; Agatsuma, Takeshi

2010-09-01

In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence (13,839bp) of parasitic nematode Setaria digitata and its structure and organization compared with Onchocerca volvulus, Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia malayi. The mt genome of S. digitata is slightly larger than the mt genomes of other filarial nematodes. S. digitata mt genome contains 36 genes (12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs and 2 ribosomal RNAs) that are typically found in metazoans. This genome contains a high A+T (75.1%) content and low G+C content (24.9%). The mt gene order for S. digitata is the same as those for O. volvulus, D. immitis and B. malayi but it is distinctly different from other nematodes compared. The start codons inferred in the mt genome of S. digitata are TTT, ATT, TTG, ATG, GTT and ATA. Interestingly, the initiation codon TTT is unique to S. digitata mt genome and four protein-coding genes use this codon as a translation initiation codon. Five protein-coding genes use TAG as a stop codon whereas three genes use TAA and four genes use T as a termination codon. Out of 64 possible codons, only 57 are used for mitochondrial protein-coding genes of S. digitata. T-rich codons such as TTT (18.9%), GTT (7.9%), TTG (7.8%), TAT (7%), ATT (5.7%), TCT (4.8%) and TTA (4.1%) are used more frequently. This pattern of codon usage reflects the strong bias for T in the mt genome of S. digitata. In conclusion, the present investigation provides new molecular data for future studies of the comparative mitochondrial genomics and systematic of parasitic nematodes of socio-economic importance. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Waste Integrated Performance and Safety Codes (NEAMS Waste IPSC).

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schultz, Peter Andrew

The objective of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Waste Integrated Performance and Safety Codes (NEAMS Waste IPSC) is to provide an integrated suite of computational modeling and simulation (M&S) capabilities to quantitatively assess the long-term performance of waste forms in the engineered and geologic environments of a radioactive-waste storage facility or disposal repository. Achieving the objective of modeling the performance of a disposal scenario requires describing processes involved in waste form degradation and radionuclide release at the subcontinuum scale, beginning with mechanistic descriptions of chemical reactions and chemical kinetics at the atomicmore » scale, and upscaling into effective, validated constitutive models for input to high-fidelity continuum scale codes for coupled multiphysics simulations of release and transport. Verification and validation (V&V) is required throughout the system to establish evidence-based metrics for the level of confidence in M&S codes and capabilities, including at the subcontiunuum scale and the constitutive models they inform or generate. This Report outlines the nature of the V&V challenge at the subcontinuum scale, an approach to incorporate V&V concepts into subcontinuum scale modeling and simulation (M&S), and a plan to incrementally incorporate effective V&V into subcontinuum scale M&S destined for use in the NEAMS Waste IPSC work flow to meet requirements of quantitative confidence in the constitutive models informed by subcontinuum scale phenomena.« less

FPGA implementation of high-performance QC-LDPC decoder for optical communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zou, Ding; Djordjevic, Ivan B.

2015-01-01

Forward error correction is as one of the key technologies enabling the next-generation high-speed fiber optical communications. Quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been considered as one of the promising candidates due to their large coding gain performance and low implementation complexity. In this paper, we present our designed QC-LDPC code with girth 10 and 25% overhead based on pairwise balanced design. By FPGAbased emulation, we demonstrate that the 5-bit soft-decision LDPC decoder can achieve 11.8dB net coding gain with no error floor at BER of 10-15 avoiding using any outer code or post-processing method. We believe that the proposed single QC-LDPC code is a promising solution for 400Gb/s optical communication systems and beyond.

Chirp- and random-based coded ultrasonic excitation for localized blood-brain barrier opening

PubMed Central

Kamimura, HAS; Wang, S; Wu, S-Y; Karakatsani, ME; Acosta, C; Carneiro, AAO; Konofagou, EE

2015-01-01

Chirp- and random-based coded excitation methods have been proposed to reduce standing wave formation and improve focusing of transcranial ultrasound. However, no clear evidence has been shown to support the benefits of these ultrasonic excitation sequences in vivo. This study evaluates the chirp and periodic selection of random frequency (PSRF) coded-excitation methods for opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in mice. Three groups of mice (n=15) were injected with polydisperse microbubbles and sonicated in the caudate putamen using the chirp/PSRF coded (bandwidth: 1.5-1.9 MHz, peak negative pressure: 0.52 MPa, duration: 30 s) or standard ultrasound (frequency: 1.5 MHz, pressure: 0.52 MPa, burst duration: 20 ms, duration: 5 min) sequences. T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI scans were performed to quantitatively analyze focused ultrasound induced BBB opening. The mean opening volumes evaluated from the MRI were 9.38±5.71 mm3, 8.91±3.91 mm3 and 35.47 ± 5.10 mm3 for the chirp, random and regular sonications, respectively. The mean cavitation levels were 55.40±28.43 V.s, 63.87±29.97 V.s and 356.52±257.15 V.s for the chirp, random and regular sonications, respectively. The chirp and PSRF coded pulsing sequences improved the BBB opening localization by inducing lower cavitation levels and smaller opening volumes compared to results of the regular sonication technique. Larger bandwidths were associated with more focused targeting but were limited by the frequency response of the transducer, the skull attenuation and the microbubbles optimal frequency range. The coded methods could therefore facilitate highly localized drug delivery as well as benefit other transcranial ultrasound techniques that use higher pressure levels and higher precision to induce the necessary bioeffects in a brain region while avoiding damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. PMID:26394091

Inpatient Burden of Childhood Functional GI Disorders in the United States: An Analysis of National Trends in the U.S. from 1997 to 2009

PubMed Central

Park, Richard; Mikami, Sage; LeClair, Jack; Bollom, Andrea; Lembo, Cara; Sethi, Saurabh; Lembo, Anthony; Jones, Mike; Cheng, Vivian; Friedlander, Elizabeth; Nurko, Samuel

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) are among the most common outpatient diagnoses in pediatric primary care and gastroenterology. There is limited data on the inpatient burden of childhood FGIDs in the U.S. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inpatient admission rate, length of stay, and associated costs related to FGIDs from 1997–2009. METHODS We analyzed the Kids’ Inpatient Sample Database (KID) for all subjects in which constipation (ICD-9 codes: 564.0–564.09), abdominal pain (ICD-9 codes: 789.0–789.09), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (ICD-9 code: 564.1), abdominal migraine (ICD-9 code:346.80 and 346.81)dyspepsia (ICD-9 code: 536.8) or fecal incontinence (ICD-codes: 787.6–787.63) was the primary discharge diagnosis from 1997–2009. The KID is the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient database in the U.S., containing data from 2–3 million pediatric hospital stays yearly. KEY RESULTS From 1997–2009, the number of discharges with a FGID primary diagnosis increased slightly from 6,348,537 to 6,393,803. The total mean cost per discharge increased significantly from $6115 to $18,058 despite the length of stay remaining relatively stable. Constipation and abdominal pain were the most common FGID discharge diagnoses. Abdominal pain and abdominal migraine discharges were most frequent in the 10–14 year age group. Constipation and fecal incontinence discharges were most frequent in the 5–9 year age group. IBS discharge was most common for the 15–17 year age group. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Hospitalizations and associated costs in childhood FGIDs have increased in number and cost in the U.S. from 1997–2009. Further studies to determine optimal methods to avoid unnecessary hospitalizations and potentially harmful diagnostic testing are indicated. PMID:25809794

78 FR 77773 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

... the International Code of safety for ships using gases or low flash-point fuels (IGF Code) Members of..., by fax at (202) 372-8283, or in writing at Commandant (CG-OES-1), U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703...

10 CFR 170.31 - Schedule of fees for materials licenses and other regulatory services, including inspections, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., including x-ray fluorescence analyzers.4 Application [Program Code(s): 22140] $1,200 D. All other special... extraction of metals other than uranium or thorium, including licenses authorizing the possession of...

A proto-code of ethics and conduct for European nurse directors.

PubMed

Stievano, Alessandro; De Marinis, Maria Grazia; Kelly, Denise; Filkins, Jacqueline; Meyenburg-Altwarg, Iris; Petrangeli, Mauro; Tschudin, Verena

2012-03-01

The proto-code of ethics and conduct for European nurse directors was developed as a strategic and dynamic document for nurse managers in Europe. It invites critical dialogue, reflective thinking about different situations, and the development of specific codes of ethics and conduct by nursing associations in different countries. The term proto-code is used for this document so that specifically country-orientated or organization-based and practical codes can be developed from it to guide professionals in more particular or situation-explicit reflection and values. The proto-code of ethics and conduct for European nurse directors was designed and developed by the European Nurse Directors Association's (ENDA) advisory team. This article gives short explanations of the code' s preamble and two main parts: Nurse directors' ethical basis, and Principles of professional practice, which is divided into six specific points: competence, care, safety, staff, life-long learning and multi-sectorial working.

The Code of the Street and Romantic Relationships: A dyadic analysis

PubMed Central

Barr, Ashley B.; Simons, Ronald L.; Stewart, Eric A.

2012-01-01

Since its publication, Elijah Anderson’s (1999) code of the street thesis has found support in studies connecting disadvantage to the internalization of street-oriented values and an associated lifestyle of violent/deviant behavior. This primary emphasis on deviance in public arenas has precluded researchers from examining the implications of the code of the street for less public arenas, like intimate relationships. In an effort to understand if and how the endorsement of the street code may infiltrate such relationships, the present study examines the associations between the code of the street and relationship satisfaction and commitment among young adults involved in heterosexual romantic relationships. Using a dyadic approach, we find that street code orientation, in general, negatively predicts satisfaction and commitment, in part due to increased relationship hostility/conflict associated with the internalization of the code. Gender differences in these associations are considered and discussed at length. PMID:23504000

Performance optimization of PM-16QAM transmission system enabled by real-time self-adaptive coding.

PubMed

Qu, Zhen; Li, Yao; Mo, Weiyang; Yang, Mingwei; Zhu, Shengxiang; Kilper, Daniel C; Djordjevic, Ivan B

2017-10-15

We experimentally demonstrate self-adaptive coded 5×100  Gb/s WDM polarization multiplexed 16 quadrature amplitude modulation transmission over a 100 km fiber link, which is enabled by a real-time control plane. The real-time optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is measured using an optical performance monitoring device. The OSNR measurement is processed and fed back using control plane logic and messaging to the transmitter side for code adaptation, where the binary data are adaptively encoded with three types of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with code rates of 0.8, 0.75, and 0.7 of large girth. The total code-adaptation latency is measured to be 2273 ms. Compared with transmission without adaptation, average net capacity improvements of 102%, 36%, and 7.5% are obtained, respectively, by adaptive LDPC coding.

Energy coding in biological neural networks

PubMed Central

Zhang, Zhikang

2007-01-01

According to the experimental result of signal transmission and neuronal energetic demands being tightly coupled to information coding in the cerebral cortex, we present a brand new scientific theory that offers an unique mechanism for brain information processing. We demonstrate that the neural coding produced by the activity of the brain is well described by our theory of energy coding. Due to the energy coding model’s ability to reveal mechanisms of brain information processing based upon known biophysical properties, we can not only reproduce various experimental results of neuro-electrophysiology, but also quantitatively explain the recent experimental results from neuroscientists at Yale University by means of the principle of energy coding. Due to the theory of energy coding to bridge the gap between functional connections within a biological neural network and energetic consumption, we estimate that the theory has very important consequences for quantitative research of cognitive function. PMID:19003513

Experimental study of non-binary LDPC coding for long-haul coherent optical QPSK transmissions.

PubMed

Zhang, Shaoliang; Arabaci, Murat; Yaman, Fatih; Djordjevic, Ivan B; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting; Inada, Yoshihisa; Ogata, Takaaki; Aoki, Yasuhiro

2011-09-26

The performance of rate-0.8 4-ary LDPC code has been studied in a 50 GHz-spaced 40 Gb/s DWDM system with PDM-QPSK modulation. The net effective coding gain of 10 dB is obtained at BER of 10(-6). With the aid of time-interleaving polarization multiplexing and MAP detection, 10,560 km transmission over legacy dispersion managed fiber is achieved without any countable errors. The proposed nonbinary quasi-cyclic LDPC code achieves an uncoded BER threshold at 4×10(-2). Potential issues like phase ambiguity and coding length are also discussed when implementing LDPC in current coherent optical systems. © 2011 Optical Society of America

Variation of SNOMED CT coding of clinical research concepts among coding experts.

PubMed

Andrews, James E; Richesson, Rachel L; Krischer, Jeffrey

2007-01-01

To compare consistency of coding among professional SNOMED CT coders representing three commercial providers of coding services when coding clinical research concepts with SNOMED CT. A sample of clinical research questions from case report forms (CRFs) generated by the NIH-funded Rare Disease Clinical Research Network (RDCRN) were sent to three coding companies with instructions to code the core concepts using SNOMED CT. The sample consisted of 319 question/answer pairs from 15 separate studies. The companies were asked to select SNOMED CT concepts (in any form, including post-coordinated) that capture the core concept(s) reflected in the question. Also, they were asked to state their level of certainty, as well as how precise they felt their coding was. Basic frequencies were calculated to determine raw level agreement among the companies and other descriptive information. Krippendorff's alpha was used to determine a statistical measure of agreement among the coding companies for several measures (semantic, certainty, and precision). No significant level of agreement among the experts was found. There is little semantic agreement in coding of clinical research data items across coders from 3 professional coding services, even using a very liberal definition of agreement.

GPU Acceleration of the Locally Selfconsistent Multiple Scattering Code for First Principles Calculation of the Ground State and Statistical Physics of Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eisenbach, Markus

The Locally Self-consistent Multiple Scattering (LSMS) code solves the first principles Density Functional theory Kohn-Sham equation for a wide range of materials with a special focus on metals, alloys and metallic nano-structures. It has traditionally exhibited near perfect scalability on massively parallel high performance computer architectures. We present our efforts to exploit GPUs to accelerate the LSMS code to enable first principles calculations of O(100,000) atoms and statistical physics sampling of finite temperature properties. Using the Cray XK7 system Titan at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility we achieve a sustained performance of 14.5PFlop/s and a speedup of 8.6 compared to the CPU only code. This work has been sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering Division and by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing. This work used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.

Incorporating Manual and Autonomous Code Generation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McComas, David

1998-01-01

Code can be generated manually or using code-generated software tools, but how do you interpret the two? This article looks at a design methodology that combines object-oriented design with autonomic code generation for attitude control flight software. Recent improvements in space flight computers are allowing software engineers to spend more time engineering the applications software. The application developed was the attitude control flight software for an astronomical satellite called the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP). The MAP flight system is being designed, developed, and integrated at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The MAP controls engineers are using Integrated Systems Inc.'s MATRIXx for their controls analysis. In addition to providing a graphical analysis for an environment, MATRIXx includes an autonomic code generation facility called AutoCode. This article examines the forces that shaped the final design and describes three highlights of the design process: (1) Defining the manual to autonomic code interface; (2) Applying object-oriented design to the manual flight code; (3) Implementing the object-oriented design in C.

The Development of the World Anti-Doping Code.

PubMed

Young, Richard

2017-01-01

This chapter addresses both the development and substance of the World Anti-Doping Code, which came into effect in 2003, as well as the subsequent Code amendments, which came into effect in 2009 and 2015. Through an extensive process of stakeholder input and collaboration, the World Anti-Doping Code has transformed the hodgepodge of inconsistent and competing pre-2003 anti-doping rules into a harmonized and effective approach to anti-doping. The Code, as amended, is now widely recognized worldwide as the gold standard in anti-doping. The World Anti-Doping Code originally went into effect on January 1, 2004. The first amendments to the Code went into effect on January 1, 2009, and the second amendments on January 1, 2015. The Code and the related international standards are the product of a long and collaborative process designed to make the fight against doping more effective through the adoption and implementation of worldwide harmonized rules and best practices. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Overview of the ArbiTER edge plasma eigenvalue code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baver, Derek; Myra, James; Umansky, Maxim

2011-10-01

The Arbitrary Topology Equation Reader, or ArbiTER, is a flexible eigenvalue solver that is currently under development for plasma physics applications. The ArbiTER code builds on the equation parser framework of the existing 2DX code, extending it to include a topology parser. This will give the code the capability to model problems with complicated geometries (such as multiple X-points and scrape-off layers) or model equations with arbitrary numbers of dimensions (e.g. for kinetic analysis). In the equation parser framework, model equations are not included in the program's source code. Instead, an input file contains instructions for building a matrix from profile functions and elementary differential operators. The program then executes these instructions in a sequential manner. These instructions may also be translated into analytic form, thus giving the code transparency as well as flexibility. We will present an overview of how the ArbiTER code is to work, as well as preliminary results from early versions of this code. Work supported by the U.S. DOE.

Coded aperture imaging with self-supporting uniformly redundant arrays

DOEpatents

Fenimore, Edward E.

1983-01-01

A self-supporting uniformly redundant array pattern for coded aperture imaging. The present invention utilizes holes which are an integer times smaller in each direction than holes in conventional URA patterns. A balance correlation function is generated where holes are represented by 1's, nonholes are represented by -1's, and supporting area is represented by 0's. The self-supporting array can be used for low energy applications where substrates would greatly reduce throughput. The balance correlation response function for the self-supporting array pattern provides an accurate representation of the source of nonfocusable radiation.

Industry and Occupation in the Electronic Health Record: An Investigation of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Industry and Occupation Computerized Coding System

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Background Inclusion of information about a patient’s work, industry, and occupation, in the electronic health record (EHR) could facilitate occupational health surveillance, better health outcomes, prevention activities, and identification of workers’ compensation cases. The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has developed an autocoding system for “industry” and “occupation” based on 1990 Bureau of Census codes; its effectiveness requires evaluation in conjunction with promoting the mandatory addition of these variables to the EHR. Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the intercoder reliability of NIOSH’s Industry and Occupation Computerized Coding System (NIOCCS) when applied to data collected in a community survey conducted under the Affordable Care Act; to determine the proportion of records that are autocoded using NIOCCS. Methods Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes are used by several federal agencies in databases that capture demographic, employment, and health information to harmonize variables related to work activities among these data sources. There are 359 industry and occupation responses that were hand coded by 2 investigators, who came to a consensus on every code. The same variables were autocoded using NIOCCS at the high and moderate criteria level. Results Kappa was .84 for agreement between hand coders and between the hand coder consensus code versus NIOCCS high confidence level codes for the first 2 digits of the SOC code. For 4 digits, NIOCCS coding versus investigator coding ranged from kappa=.56 to .70. In this study, NIOCCS was able to achieve production rates (ie, to autocode) 31%-36% of entered variables at the “high confidence” level and 49%-58% at the “medium confidence” level. Autocoding (production) rates are somewhat lower than those reported by NIOSH. Agreement between manually coded and autocoded data are “substantial” at the 2-digit level, but only “fair” to “good” at the 4-digit level. Conclusions This work serves as a baseline for performance of NIOCCS by investigators in the field. Further field testing will clarify NIOCCS effectiveness in terms of ability to assign codes and coding accuracy and will clarify its value as inclusion of these occupational variables in the EHR is promoted. PMID:26878932

n-Nucleotide circular codes in graph theory.

PubMed

Fimmel, Elena; Michel, Christian J; Strüngmann, Lutz

2016-03-13

The circular code theory proposes that genes are constituted of two trinucleotide codes: the classical genetic code with 61 trinucleotides for coding the 20 amino acids (except the three stop codons {TAA,TAG,TGA}) and a circular code based on 20 trinucleotides for retrieving, maintaining and synchronizing the reading frame. It relies on two main results: the identification of a maximal C(3) self-complementary trinucleotide circular code X in genes of bacteria, eukaryotes, plasmids and viruses (Michel 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 380, 156-177. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.04.009); Arquès & Michel 1996 J. Theor. Biol. 182, 45-58. (doi:10.1006/jtbi.1996.0142)) and the finding of X circular code motifs in tRNAs and rRNAs, in particular in the ribosome decoding centre (Michel 2012 Comput. Biol. Chem. 37, 24-37. (doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2011.10.002); El Soufi & Michel 2014 Comput. Biol. Chem. 52, 9-17. (doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2014.08.001)). The univerally conserved nucleotides A1492 and A1493 and the conserved nucleotide G530 are included in X circular code motifs. Recently, dinucleotide circular codes were also investigated (Michel & Pirillo 2013 ISRN Biomath. 2013, 538631. (doi:10.1155/2013/538631); Fimmel et al. 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 386, 159-165. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.08.034)). As the genetic motifs of different lengths are ubiquitous in genes and genomes, we introduce a new approach based on graph theory to study in full generality n-nucleotide circular codes X, i.e. of length 2 (dinucleotide), 3 (trinucleotide), 4 (tetranucleotide), etc. Indeed, we prove that an n-nucleotide code X is circular if and only if the corresponding graph [Formula: see text] is acyclic. Moreover, the maximal length of a path in [Formula: see text] corresponds to the window of nucleotides in a sequence for detecting the correct reading frame. Finally, the graph theory of tournaments is applied to the study of dinucleotide circular codes. It has full equivalence between the combinatorics theory (Michel & Pirillo 2013 ISRN Biomath. 2013, 538631. (doi:10.1155/2013/538631)) and the group theory (Fimmel et al. 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 386, 159-165. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.08.034)) of dinucleotide circular codes while its mathematical approach is simpler. © 2016 The Author(s).

49 CFR Appendix I to Part 805 - Miscellaneous Statutory Provisions

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Resolution 175, 85th Congress, 2d Session (72 Stat. B12), the “Code of Ethics for Government Service.” (b) Chapter 11 of Title 18, United States Code, relating to bribery, graft, and conflicts of interest (18 U.S...

Crisis Management- Operational Logistics & Asset Visibility Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

is seen as the successor to today’s bar code technology. However, passive RFID technology has several advantages over bar code technology. First...http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/ Ecommerce /rfid/ Microsoft. (2006). Hand-held RFID Reader. Retrieved May 11, 2006, from http

Citizen Action Can Help the Code Adoption Process for Radon-Resistant New Construction: Decatur, Alabama

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Adopting a code requiring radon-resistant new construction (RRNC) in Decatur, Alabama, took months of effort by four people. Their actions demonstrate the influence that passionate residents can have on reversing a city council’s direction.

75 FR 20833 - Building Energy Codes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-BC-0012] Building Energy Codes AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy. ACTION: Request for Information. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is soliciting...

U.S. Army Code of Conduct Training: Let the POWs Tell Their Stories

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-11

Denton on proposed changes to the Code or Conduct.1 Unfortunately, this elective has been discontinued. STUDY ORGANIZATION. In order to recommend...decisions iade by- fermer POWs. It would be a collection of brief case studies of the dilemwa that Mei hove faced. These case studiesweould provide...interrogation response. * "An Army study on Korean War PO~s estimated that 97% of the reportiated ’POWs were interrogated and 91% of these PONs wrote

Code TESLA for Modeling and Design of High-Power High-Efficiency Klystrons

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

CODE TESLA FOR MODELING AND DESIGN OF HIGH - POWER HIGH -EFFICIENCY KLYSTRONS * I.A. Chernyavskiy, SAIC, McLean, VA 22102, U.S.A. S.J. Cooke, B...and multiple-beam klystrons as high - power RF sources. These sources are widely used or proposed to be used in accelerators in the future. Comparison...of TESLA modelling results with experimental data for a few multiple-beam klystrons are shown. INTRODUCTION High - power and high -efficiency

USAF Presence in Latin America in the 21st Century.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

faculty in partial fulfillment of requirements for graduation. AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112 UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY...ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Maxwell AFB AL 36112-5542 Ba. NAME OF FUNDING /SPONSORING 8 b. OFFICE SYMBOL... Servicio Multimodal Transistmico across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (11:28). It does, however. *%4 row:n militaiy importance. The U.S. Atlantic Command’s

Construction and Testing of an 80C86 Based Communications Controller for the Petite Amateur Navy Satellite (PANSAT)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

S) Naval Postgraduate School 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b OFFICE SYMBOL 7a NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION (if applicable ) Code 33 6c...FUNDING/SPONSORING Bb. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If applicable ) 8c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code...system’s individual components. Then one derives the overall system reliability from that information, using a simple mathematical model, to be

California’s Parkinson’s Disease Registry Pilot Project - Coordination Center and Northern California Ascertainment

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

www.capdregistry.org) and email box were created and launched in March, 2008. Requests for information about the registry from patients, colleagues and...d. Review and determination of study diagnosis. For cases with multiple parkinsonism codes (i.e. diagnosed with more than one of 332.0, 333.0...individuals (10.7%) had ICD-9 codes for other forms of neurodegenerative parkinsonism . The remaining 2.1% were primarily drug- induced parkinsonism

Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer Using 1 MChips/s Codes

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

Abstract The Ku-band transatlantic and Europe-to-Europe two-way satellite time and frequency transfer ( TWSTFT ) operations used 2.5 MChip/s...pseudo-random codes with 3.5 MHz bandwidth until the end of July 2009. The cost of TWSTFT operation is associated with the bandwidth used on a...geostationary satellite. The transatlantic and Europe-to-Europe TWSTFT operations faced a significant increase in cost for using 3.5 MHz bandwidth on a new

Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

quadrature output should only occur when there is a distortion in the transmitter waveform signal that correlates with the quadrature part of the...suggested that the S/N performance of the quadrature output of the two FDEM designs would be similar to the observed S/N of TEM systems, though...the semi-airborne configuration. We propose to extend the current SAIC codes to address this need, and to perform additional modeling using codes

Comparing Different Strategies in Directed Evolution of Enzyme Stereoselectivity: Single- versus Double-Code Saturation Mutagenesis.

PubMed

Sun, Zhoutong; Lonsdale, Richard; Li, Guangyue; Reetz, Manfred T

2016-10-04

Saturation mutagenesis at sites lining the binding pockets of enzymes constitutes a viable protein engineering technique for enhancing or inverting stereoselectivity. Statistical analysis shows that oversampling in the screening step (the bottleneck) increases astronomically as the number of residues in the randomization site increases, which is the reason why reduced amino acid alphabets have been employed, in addition to splitting large sites into smaller ones. Limonene epoxide hydrolase (LEH) has previously served as the experimental platform in these methodological efforts, enabling comparisons between single-code saturation mutagenesis (SCSM) and triple-code saturation mutagenesis (TCSM); these employ either only one or three amino acids, respectively, as building blocks. In this study the comparative platform is extended by exploring the efficacy of double-code saturation mutagenesis (DCSM), in which the reduced amino acid alphabet consists of two members, chosen according to the principles of rational design on the basis of structural information. The hydrolytic desymmetrization of cyclohexene oxide is used as the model reaction, with formation of either (R,R)- or (S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diol. DCSM proves to be clearly superior to the likewise tested SCSM, affording both R,R- and S,S-selective mutants. These variants are also good catalysts in reactions of further substrates. Docking computations reveal the basis of enantioselectivity. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Gravitational tree-code on graphics processing units: implementation in CUDA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaburov, Evghenii; Bédorf, Jeroen; Portegies Zwart, Simon

2010-05-01

We present a new very fast tree-code which runs on massively parallel Graphical Processing Units (GPU) with NVIDIA CUDA architecture. The tree-construction and calculation of multipole moments is carried out on the host CPU, while the force calculation which consists of tree walks and evaluation of interaction list is carried out on the GPU. In this way we achieve a sustained performance of about 100GFLOP/s and data transfer rates of about 50GB/s. It takes about a second to compute forces on a million particles with an opening angle of θ ≈ 0.5. The code has a convenient user interface and is freely available for use. http://castle.strw.leidenuniv.nl/software/octgrav.html

Clinical coding of prospectively identified paediatric adverse drug reactions--a retrospective review of patient records.

PubMed

Bellis, Jennifer R; Kirkham, Jamie J; Nunn, Anthony J; Pirmohamed, Munir

2014-12-17

National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK use a system of coding for patient episodes. The coding system used is the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). There are ICD-10 codes which may be associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and there is a possibility of using these codes for ADR surveillance. This study aimed to determine whether ADRs prospectively identified in children admitted to a paediatric hospital were coded appropriately using ICD-10. The electronic admission abstract for each patient with at least one ADR was reviewed. A record was made of whether the ADR(s) had been coded using ICD-10. Of 241 ADRs, 76 (31.5%) were coded using at least one ICD-10 ADR code. Of the oncology ADRs, 70/115 (61%) were coded using an ICD-10 ADR code compared with 6/126 (4.8%) non-oncology ADRs (difference in proportions 56%, 95% CI 46.2% to 65.8%; p < 0.001). The majority of ADRs detected in a prospective study at a paediatric centre would not have been identified if the study had relied on ICD-10 codes as a single means of detection. Data derived from administrative healthcare databases are not reliable for identifying ADRs by themselves, but may complement other methods of detection.

A large scale code resolution service network in the Internet of Things.

PubMed

Yu, Haining; Zhang, Hongli; Fang, Binxing; Yu, Xiangzhan

2012-11-07

In the Internet of Things a code resolution service provides a discovery mechanism for a requester to obtain the information resources associated with a particular product code immediately. In large scale application scenarios a code resolution service faces some serious issues involving heterogeneity, big data and data ownership. A code resolution service network is required to address these issues. Firstly, a list of requirements for the network architecture and code resolution services is proposed. Secondly, in order to eliminate code resolution conflicts and code resolution overloads, a code structure is presented to create a uniform namespace for code resolution records. Thirdly, we propose a loosely coupled distributed network consisting of heterogeneous, independent; collaborating code resolution services and a SkipNet based code resolution service named SkipNet-OCRS, which not only inherits DHT’s advantages, but also supports administrative control and autonomy. For the external behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, a novel external behavior mode named QRRA mode is proposed to enhance security and reduce requester complexity. For the internal behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, an improved query algorithm is proposed to increase query efficiency. It is analyzed that integrating SkipNet-OCRS into our resolution service network can meet our proposed requirements. Finally, simulation experiments verify the excellent performance of SkipNet-OCRS.

Advanced coding and modulation schemes for TDRSS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrell, Linda; Kaplan, Ted; Berman, Ted; Chang, Susan

1993-01-01

This paper describes the performance of the Ungerboeck and pragmatic 8-Phase Shift Key (PSK) Trellis Code Modulation (TCM) coding techniques with and without a (255,223) Reed-Solomon outer code as they are used for Tracking Data and Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) S-Band and Ku-Band return services. The performance of these codes at high data rates is compared to uncoded Quadrature PSK (QPSK) and rate 1/2 convolutionally coded QPSK in the presence of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), self-interference, and hardware distortions. This paper shows that the outer Reed-Solomon code is necessary to achieve a 10(exp -5) Bit Error Rate (BER) with an acceptable level of degradation in the presence of RFI. This paper also shows that the TCM codes with or without the Reed-Solomon outer code do not perform well in the presence of self-interference. In fact, the uncoded QPSK signal performs better than the TCM coded signal in the self-interference situation considered in this analysis. Finally, this paper shows that the E(sub b)/N(sub 0) degradation due to TDRSS hardware distortions is approximately 1.3 dB with a TCM coded signal or a rate 1/2 convolutionally coded QPSK signal and is 3.2 dB with an uncoded QPSK signal.

ASHMET: A computer code for estimating insolation incident on tilted surfaces

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Elkin, R. F.; Toelle, R. G.

1980-01-01

A computer code, ASHMET, was developed by MSFC to estimate the amount of solar insolation incident on the surfaces of solar collectors. Both tracking and fixed-position collectors were included. Climatological data for 248 U. S. locations are built into the code. The basic methodology used by ASHMET is the ASHRAE clear-day insolation relationships modified by a clearness index derived from SOLMET-measured solar radiation data to a horizontal surface.

Analysis of a Distributed Pulse Power System Using a Circuit Analysis Code

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-06-01

dose rate was then integrated to give a number that could be compared with measure- ments made using thermal luminescent dosimeters ( TLD ’ s). Since...NM 8 7117 AND THE BDM CORPORATION, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87106 Abstract A sophisticated computer code (SCEPTRE), used to analyze electronic circuits...computer code (SCEPTRE), used to analyze electronic circuits, was used to evaluate the performance of a large flash X-ray machine. This device was

Computer Description of the Field Artillery Ammunition Supply Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) GIFT Computer Code Computer Target Description 2& AfTNACT (Cmne M feerve shb N ,neemssalyan ify by block number) A...input to the GIFT computer code to generate target vulnerability data. F.a- 4 ono OF I NOV 5S OLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECUOITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE...Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) desrription. The "Geometric Information for Tarqets" ( GIFT ) computer code accepts the CO!-GEOM description and

Large-Signal Code TESLA: Current Status and Recent Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-01

K.Eppley, J.J.Petillo, “ High - power four cavity S - band multiple- beam klystron design”, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. , vol. 32, pp. 1119-1135, June 2004. 4...advances in the development of the large-signal code TESLA, mainly used for the modeling of high - power single- beam and multiple-beam klystron ...amplifiers. Keywords: large-signal code; multiple-beam klystrons ; serial and parallel versions. Introduction The optimization and design of new high power

Rocky Mountain Arsenal Ecological Chemical Data (1984-1985)

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-01

Type Wet Areas Code Area LK Lake MT Marshy Type PD Pond C-1 APPENDIX D TISSUE CODES Code Tissue BRA Brain FIL Filet EDP Edible Portion LIV Liver MUS...ctus 472 Craton texcisis Crotoni 473 Cryptantha fcndleri Fcnder’s Cryptantha 474 Cucurbita foctidissinma Wild Gourd 475 Cytroptcrus montanus Pink Cym...adcrnocaulon Nlorthern wilIlow- herb 484 Eragrostis cilianensis Stinkgrass 485 Erfcgonum annuum Tall Erlogonum 486 Erigercn divergcns Spreading Fleabine 487

Design space exploration of high throughput finite field multipliers for channel coding on Xilinx FPGAs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Schryver, C.; Weithoffer, S.; Wasenmüller, U.; Wehn, N.

2012-09-01

Channel coding is a standard technique in all wireless communication systems. In addition to the typically employed methods like convolutional coding, turbo coding or low density parity check (LDPC) coding, algebraic codes are used in many cases. For example, outer BCH coding is applied in the DVB-S2 standard for satellite TV broadcasting. A key operation for BCH and the related Reed-Solomon codes are multiplications in finite fields (Galois Fields), where extension fields of prime fields are used. A lot of architectures for multiplications in finite fields have been published over the last decades. This paper examines four different multiplier architectures in detail that offer the potential for very high throughputs. We investigate the implementation performance of these multipliers on FPGA technology in the context of channel coding. We study the efficiency of the multipliers with respect to area, frequency and throughput, as well as configurability and scalability. The implementation data of the fully verified circuits are provided for a Xilinx Virtex-4 device after place and route.

Power optimization of wireless media systems with space-time block codes.

PubMed

Yousefi'zadeh, Homayoun; Jafarkhani, Hamid; Moshfeghi, Mehran

2004-07-01

We present analytical and numerical solutions to the problem of power control in wireless media systems with multiple antennas. We formulate a set of optimization problems aimed at minimizing total power consumption of wireless media systems subject to a given level of QoS and an available bit rate. Our formulation takes into consideration the power consumption related to source coding, channel coding, and transmission of multiple-transmit antennas. In our study, we consider Gauss-Markov and video source models, Rayleigh fading channels along with the Bernoulli/Gilbert-Elliott loss models, and space-time block codes.

Documentation of probabilistic fracture mechanics codes used for reactor pressure vessels subjected to pressurized thermal shock loading: Parts 1 and 2. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Balkey, K.; Witt, F.J.; Bishop, B.A.

1995-06-01

Significant attention has been focused on the issue of reactor vessel pressurized thermal shock (PTS) for many years. Pressurized thermal shock transient events are characterized by a rapid cooldown at potentially high pressure levels that could lead to a reactor vessel integrity concern for some pressurized water reactors. As a result of regulatory and industry efforts in the early 1980`s, a probabilistic risk assessment methodology has been established to address this concern. Probabilistic fracture mechanics analyses are performed as part of this methodology to determine conditional probability of significant flaw extension for given pressurized thermal shock events. While recent industrymore » efforts are underway to benchmark probabilistic fracture mechanics computer codes that are currently used by the nuclear industry, Part I of this report describes the comparison of two independent computer codes used at the time of the development of the original U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) pressurized thermal shock rule. The work that was originally performed in 1982 and 1983 to compare the U.S. NRC - VISA and Westinghouse (W) - PFM computer codes has been documented and is provided in Part I of this report. Part II of this report describes the results of more recent industry efforts to benchmark PFM computer codes used by the nuclear industry. This study was conducted as part of the USNRC-EPRI Coordinated Research Program for reviewing the technical basis for pressurized thermal shock (PTS) analyses of the reactor pressure vessel. The work focused on the probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analysis codes and methods used to perform the PTS calculations. An in-depth review of the methodologies was performed to verify the accuracy and adequacy of the various different codes. The review was structured around a series of benchmark sample problems to provide a specific context for discussion and examination of the fracture mechanics methodology.« less

Survival in commercially insured multiple sclerosis patients and comparator subjects in the U.S.

PubMed

Kaufman, D W; Reshef, S; Golub, H L; Peucker, M; Corwin, M J; Goodin, D S; Knappertz, V; Pleimes, D; Cutter, G

2014-05-01

Compare survival in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from a U.S. commercial health insurance database with a matched cohort of non-MS subjects. 30,402 MS patients and 89,818 non-MS subjects (comparators) in the OptumInsight Research (OIR) database from 1996 to 2009 were included. An MS diagnosis required at least 3 consecutive months of database reporting, with two or more ICD-9 codes of 340 at least 30 days apart, or the combination of 1 ICD-9-340 code and at least 1 MS disease-modifying treatment (DMT) code. Comparators required the absence of ICD-9-340 and DMT codes throughout database reporting. Up to three comparators were matched to each patient for: age in the year of the first relevant code (index year - at least 3 months of reporting in that year were required); sex; region of residence in the index year. Deaths were ascertained from the National Death Index and the Social Security Administration Death Master File. Subjects not identified as deceased were assumed to be alive through the end of 2009. Annual mortality rates were 899/100,000 among MS patients and 446/100,000 among comparators. Standardized mortality ratios compared to the U.S. population were 1.70 and 0.80, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis yielded a median survival from birth that was 6 years lower among MS patients than among comparators. The results show, for the first time in a U.S. population, a survival disadvantage for contemporary MS patients compared to non-MS subjects from the same healthcare system. The 6-year decrement in lifespan parallels a recent report from British Columbia. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Aviation Safety Modeling and Simulation (ASMM) Propulsion Fleet Modeling: A Tool for Semi-Automatic Construction of CORBA-based Applications from Legacy Fortran Programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sang, Janche

2003-01-01

Within NASA's Aviation Safety Program, NASA GRC participates in the Modeling and Simulation Project called ASMM. NASA GRC s focus is to characterize the propulsion systems performance from a fleet management and maintenance perspective by modeling and through simulation predict the characteristics of two classes of commercial engines (CFM56 and GE90). In prior years, the High Performance Computing and Communication (HPCC) program funded, NASA Glenn in developing a large scale, detailed simulations for the analysis and design of aircraft engines called the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS). Three major aspects of this modeling included the integration of different engine components, coupling of multiple disciplines, and engine component zooming at appropriate level fidelity, require relatively tight coupling of different analysis codes. Most of these codes in aerodynamics and solid mechanics are written in Fortran. Refitting these legacy Fortran codes with distributed objects can increase these codes reusability. Aviation Safety s modeling and simulation use in characterizing fleet management has similar needs. The modeling and simulation of these propulsion systems use existing Fortran and C codes that are instrumental in determining the performance of the fleet. The research centers on building a CORBA-based development environment for programmers to easily wrap and couple legacy Fortran codes. This environment consists of a C++ wrapper library to hide the details of CORBA and an efficient remote variable scheme to facilitate data exchange between the client and the server model. Additionally, a Web Service model should also be constructed for evaluation of this technology s use over the next two- three years.

S2LET: A code to perform fast wavelet analysis on the sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leistedt, B.; McEwen, J. D.; Vandergheynst, P.; Wiaux, Y.

2013-10-01

We describe S2LET, a fast and robust implementation of the scale-discretised wavelet transform on the sphere. Wavelets are constructed through a tiling of the harmonic line and can be used to probe spatially localised, scale-dependent features of signals on the sphere. The reconstruction of a signal from its wavelets coefficients is made exact here through the use of a sampling theorem on the sphere. Moreover, a multiresolution algorithm is presented to capture all information of each wavelet scale in the minimal number of samples on the sphere. In addition S2LET supports the HEALPix pixelisation scheme, in which case the transform is not exact but nevertheless achieves good numerical accuracy. The core routines of S2LET are written in C and have interfaces in Matlab, IDL and Java. Real signals can be written to and read from FITS files and plotted as Mollweide projections. The S2LET code is made publicly available, is extensively documented, and ships with several examples in the four languages supported. At present the code is restricted to axisymmetric wavelets but will be extended to directional, steerable wavelets in a future release.

Diversity of Antisense and Other Non-Coding RNAs in Archaea Revealed by Comparative Small RNA Sequencing in Four Pyrobaculum Species

PubMed Central

Bernick, David L.; Dennis, Patrick P.; Lui, Lauren M.; Lowe, Todd M.

2012-01-01

A great diversity of small, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules with roles in gene regulation and RNA processing have been intensely studied in eukaryotic and bacterial model organisms, yet our knowledge of possible parallel roles for small RNAs (sRNA) in archaea is limited. We employed RNA-seq to identify novel sRNA across multiple species of the hyperthermophilic genus Pyrobaculum, known for unusual RNA gene characteristics. By comparing transcriptional data collected in parallel among four species, we were able to identify conserved RNA genes fitting into known and novel families. Among our findings, we highlight three novel cis-antisense sRNAs encoded opposite to key regulatory (ferric uptake regulator), metabolic (triose-phosphate isomerase), and core transcriptional apparatus genes (transcription factor B). We also found a large increase in the number of conserved C/D box sRNA genes over what had been previously recognized; many of these genes are encoded antisense to protein coding genes. The conserved opposition to orthologous genes across the Pyrobaculum genus suggests similarities to other cis-antisense regulatory systems. Furthermore, the genus-specific nature of these sRNAs indicates they are relatively recent, stable adaptations. PMID:22783241

45 Gb/s low complexity optical front-end for soft-decision LDPC decoders.

PubMed

Sakib, Meer Nazmus; Moayedi, Monireh; Gross, Warren J; Liboiron-Ladouceur, Odile

2012-07-30

In this paper a low complexity and energy efficient 45 Gb/s soft-decision optical front-end to be used with soft-decision low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoders is demonstrated. The results show that the optical front-end exhibits a net coding gain of 7.06 and 9.62 dB for post forward error correction bit error rate of 10(-7) and 10(-12) for long block length LDPC(32768,26803) code. The performance over a hard decision front-end is 1.9 dB for this code. It is shown that the soft-decision circuit can also be used as a 2-bit flash type analog-to-digital converter (ADC), in conjunction with equalization schemes. At bit rate of 15 Gb/s using RS(255,239), LDPC(672,336), (672, 504), (672, 588), and (1440, 1344) used with a 6-tap finite impulse response (FIR) equalizer will result in optical power savings of 3, 5, 7, 9.5 and 10.5 dB, respectively. The 2-bit flash ADC consumes only 2.71 W at 32 GSamples/s. At 45 GSamples/s the power consumption is estimated to be 4.95 W.

RNAi mediates post-transcriptional repression of gene expression in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smialowska, Agata, E-mail: smialowskaa@gmail.com; School of Life Sciences, Södertörn Högskola, Huddinge 141-89; Djupedal, Ingela

Highlights: • Protein coding genes accumulate anti-sense sRNAs in fission yeast S. pombe. • RNAi represses protein-coding genes in S. pombe. • RNAi-mediated gene repression is post-transcriptional. - Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene silencing mechanism conserved from fungi to mammals. Small interfering RNAs are products and mediators of the RNAi pathway and act as specificity factors in recruiting effector complexes. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe genome encodes one of each of the core RNAi proteins, Dicer, Argonaute and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (dcr1, ago1, rdp1). Even though the function of RNAi in heterochromatin assembly in S. pombe is established, its rolemore » in controlling gene expression is elusive. Here, we report the identification of small RNAs mapped anti-sense to protein coding genes in fission yeast. We demonstrate that these genes are up-regulated at the protein level in RNAi mutants, while their mRNA levels are not significantly changed. We show that the repression by RNAi is not a result of heterochromatin formation. Thus, we conclude that RNAi is involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing in S. pombe.« less

An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation

DOE PAGES

Evans, Meredydd; Roshchanka, Volha; Graham, Peter

2017-08-01

Buildings are key to low-carbon development everywhere, and many countries have introduced building energy codes to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Yet, building energy codes can only deliver results when the codes are implemented. For this reason, studies of building energy codes need to consider implementation of building energy codes in a consistent and comprehensive way. This research identifies elements and practices in implementing building energy codes, covering codes in 22 countries that account for 70% of global energy use in buildings. These elements and practices include: comprehensive coverage of buildings by type, age, size, and geographic location; an implementationmore » framework that involves a certified agency to inspect construction at critical stages; and building materials that are independently tested, rated, and labeled. Training and supporting tools are another element of successful code implementation. Some countries have also introduced compliance evaluation studies, which suggested that tightening energy requirements would only be meaningful when also addressing gaps in implementation (Pitt&Sherry, 2014; U.S. DOE, 2016b). Here, this article provides examples of practices that countries have adopted to assist with implementation of building energy codes.« less

An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Evans, Meredydd; Roshchanka, Volha; Graham, Peter

Buildings are key to low-carbon development everywhere, and many countries have introduced building energy codes to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Yet, building energy codes can only deliver results when the codes are implemented. For this reason, studies of building energy codes need to consider implementation of building energy codes in a consistent and comprehensive way. This research identifies elements and practices in implementing building energy codes, covering codes in 22 countries that account for 70% of global energy use in buildings. These elements and practices include: comprehensive coverage of buildings by type, age, size, and geographic location; an implementationmore » framework that involves a certified agency to inspect construction at critical stages; and building materials that are independently tested, rated, and labeled. Training and supporting tools are another element of successful code implementation. Some countries have also introduced compliance evaluation studies, which suggested that tightening energy requirements would only be meaningful when also addressing gaps in implementation (Pitt&Sherry, 2014; U.S. DOE, 2016b). Here, this article provides examples of practices that countries have adopted to assist with implementation of building energy codes.« less

NGDS Data Archiver

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

2013-08-01

This is a Node.js command line utility for scraping XML metadata from CSW and WFS, downloading linkage data from CSW and WFS, pinging hosts and returning status codes, pinging data linkages and returning status codes, writing ping status to CSV files, and uploading data to Amazon S3.

National Geocoding Converter File 1 : Volume 3. Montana to Wyoming.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-01-01

This file contains a record for each county, county equivalent (as defined by the Census Bureau), SMSA county segment and SPLC county segment in the U.S. A record identifies for an area all major county codes and the associated county aggregate codes

National Geocoding Converter File 1 : Volume 1. Structure & Content.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-01-01

This file contains a record for each county, county equivalent (as defined by the Census Bureau), SMSA county segment and SPLC county segment in the U.S. A record identifies for an area all major county codes and the associated county aggregate codes

Guidance regarding voluntary compliance with international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-03-15

The purpose of this Circular is to advise owners and operators of U.S. flag merchant vessels regarding voluntary compliance with the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention.

Experimental demonstration of localized Brillouin gratings with low off-peak reflectivity established by perfect Golomb codes.

PubMed

Antman, Yair; Yaron, Lior; Langer, Tomi; Tur, Moshe; Levanon, Nadav; Zadok, Avi

2013-11-15

Dynamic Brillouin gratings (DBGs), inscribed by comodulating two writing pump waves with a perfect Golomb code, are demonstrated and characterized experimentally. Compared with pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS) modulation of the pump waves, the Golomb code provides lower off-peak reflectivity due to the unique properties of its cyclic autocorrelation function. Golomb-coded DBGs allow the long variable delay of one-time probe waveforms with higher signal-to-noise ratios, and without averaging. As an example, the variable delay of return-to-zero, on-off keyed data at a 1 Gbit/s rate, by as much as 10 ns, is demonstrated successfully. The eye diagram of the reflected waveform remains open, whereas PRBS modulation of the pump waves results in a closed eye. The variable delay of data at 2.5 Gbit/s is reported as well, with a marginally open eye diagram. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulations.

Digital data for quick response (QR) codes of alkalophilic Bacillus pumilus to identify and to compare bacilli isolated from Lonar Crator Lake, India

PubMed Central

Rekadwad, Bhagwan N.; Khobragade, Chandrahasya N.

2016-01-01

Microbiologists are routinely engaged isolation, identification and comparison of isolated bacteria for their novelty. 16S rRNA sequences of Bacillus pumilus were retrieved from NCBI repository and generated QR codes for sequences (FASTA format and full Gene Bank information). 16SrRNA were used to generate quick response (QR) codes of Bacillus pumilus isolated from Lonar Crator Lake (19° 58′ N; 76° 31′ E), India. Bacillus pumilus 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to generate CGR, FCGR and PCA. These can be used for visual comparison and evaluation respectively. The hyperlinked QR codes, CGR, FCGR and PCA of all the isolates are made available to the users on a portal https://sites.google.com/site/bhagwanrekadwad/. This generated digital data helps to evaluate and compare any Bacillus pumilus strain, minimizes laboratory efforts and avoid misinterpretation of the species. PMID:27141529

Detection of non-coding RNA in bacteria and archaea using the DETR'PROK Galaxy pipeline.

PubMed

Toffano-Nioche, Claire; Luo, Yufei; Kuchly, Claire; Wallon, Claire; Steinbach, Delphine; Zytnicki, Matthias; Jacq, Annick; Gautheret, Daniel

2013-09-01

RNA-seq experiments are now routinely used for the large scale sequencing of transcripts. In bacteria or archaea, such deep sequencing experiments typically produce 10-50 million fragments that cover most of the genome, including intergenic regions. In this context, the precise delineation of the non-coding elements is challenging. Non-coding elements include untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs, independent small RNA genes (sRNAs) and transcripts produced from the antisense strand of genes (asRNA). Here we present a computational pipeline (DETR'PROK: detection of ncRNAs in prokaryotes) based on the Galaxy framework that takes as input a mapping of deep sequencing reads and performs successive steps of clustering, comparison with existing annotation and identification of transcribed non-coding fragments classified into putative 5' UTRs, sRNAs and asRNAs. We provide a step-by-step description of the protocol using real-life example data sets from Vibrio splendidus and Escherichia coli. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Enrichment of Circular Code Motifs in the Genes of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed

Michel, Christian J; Ngoune, Viviane Nguefack; Poch, Olivier; Ripp, Raymond; Thompson, Julie D

2017-12-03

A set X of 20 trinucleotides has been found to have the highest average occurrence in the reading frame, compared to the two shifted frames, of genes of bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, plasmids and viruses. This set X has an interesting mathematical property, since X is a maximal C3 self-complementary trinucleotide circular code. Furthermore, any motif obtained from this circular code X has the capacity to retrieve, maintain and synchronize the original (reading) frame. Since 1996, the theory of circular codes in genes has mainly been developed by analysing the properties of the 20 trinucleotides of X, using combinatorics and statistical approaches. For the first time, we test this theory by analysing the X motifs, i.e., motifs from the circular code X, in the complete genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Several properties of X motifs are identified by basic statistics (at the frequency level), and evaluated by comparison to R motifs, i.e., random motifs generated from 30 different random codes R. We first show that the frequency of X motifs is significantly greater than that of R motifs in the genome of S. cerevisiae . We then verify that no significant difference is observed between the frequencies of X and R motifs in the non-coding regions of S. cerevisiae , but that the occurrence number of X motifs is significantly higher than R motifs in the genes (protein-coding regions). This property is true for all cardinalities of X motifs (from 4 to 20) and for all 16 chromosomes. We further investigate the distribution of X motifs in the three frames of S. cerevisiae genes and show that they occur more frequently in the reading frame, regardless of their cardinality or their length. Finally, the ratio of X genes, i.e., genes with at least one X motif, to non-X genes, in the set of verified genes is significantly different to that observed in the set of putative or dubious genes with no experimental evidence. These results, taken together, represent the first evidence for a significant enrichment of X motifs in the genes of an extant organism. They raise two hypotheses: the X motifs may be evolutionary relics of the primitive codes used for translation, or they may continue to play a functional role in the complex processes of genome decoding and protein synthesis.

A New Inversion Routine to Produce Vertical Electron-Density Profiles from Ionospheric Topside-Sounder Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Yongli; Benson, Robert F.

2011-01-01

Two software applications have been produced specifically for the analysis of some million digital topside ionograms produced by a recent analog-to-digital conversion effort of selected analog telemetry tapes from the Alouette-2, ISIS-1 and ISIS-2 satellites. One, TOPIST (TOPside Ionogram Scalar with True-height algorithm) from the University of Massachusetts Lowell, is designed for the automatic identification of the topside-ionogram ionospheric-reflection traces and their inversion into vertical electron-density profiles Ne(h). TOPIST also has the capability of manual intervention. The other application, from the Goddard Space Flight Center based on the FORTRAN code of John E. Jackson from the 1960s, is designed as an IDL-based interactive program for the scaling of selected digital topside-sounder ionograms. The Jackson code has also been modified, with some effort, so as to run on modern computers. This modification was motivated by the need to scale selected ionograms from the millions of Alouette/ISIS topside-sounder ionograms that only exist on 35-mm film. During this modification, it became evident that it would be more efficient to design a new code, based on the capabilities of present-day computers, than to continue to modify the old code. Such a new code has been produced and here we will describe its capabilities and compare Ne(h) profiles produced from it with those produced by the Jackson code. The concept of the new code is to assume an initial Ne(h) and derive a final Ne(h) through an iteration process that makes the resulting apparent-height profile fir the scaled values within a certain error range. The new code can be used on the X-, O-, and Z-mode traces. It does not assume any predefined profile shape between two contiguous points, like the exponential rule used in Jackson s program. Instead, Monotone Piecewise Cubic Interpolation is applied in the global profile to keep the monotone nature of the profile, which also ensures better smoothness in the final profile than in Jackson s program. The new code uses the complete refractive index expression for a cold collisionless plasma and can accommodate the IGRF, T96, and other geomagnetic field models.

National Variation in Costs and Mortality for Leukodystrophy Patients in U.S. Children’s Hospitals

PubMed Central

Brimley, Cameron J; Lopez, Jonathan; van Haren, Keith; Wilkes, Jacob; Sheng, Xiaoming; Nelson, Clint; Korgenski, E. Kent; Srivastava, Rajendu; Bonkowsky, Joshua L.

2013-01-01

Background Inherited leukodystrophies are progressive, debilitating neurological disorders with few treatment options and high mortality rates. Our objective was to determine national variation in the costs for leukodystrophy patients, and to evaluate differences in their care. Methods We developed an algorithm to identify inherited leukodystrophy patients in de-identified data sets using a recursive tree model based on ICD-9 CM diagnosis and procedure charge codes. Validation of the algorithm was performed independently at two institutions, and with data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) of 43 U.S. children’s hospitals, for a seven year time period, 2004–2010. Results A recursive algorithm was developed and validated, based on six ICD-9 codes and one procedure code, that had a sensitivity up to 90% (range 61–90%) and a specificity up to 99% (range 53–99%) for identifying inherited leukodystrophy patients. Inherited leukodystrophy patients comprise 0.4% of admissions to children’s hospitals and 0.7% of costs. Over seven years these patients required $411 million of hospital care, or $131,000/patient. Hospital costs for leukodystrophy patients varied at different institutions, ranging from 2 to 15 times more than the average pediatric patient. There was a statistically significant correlation between higher volume and increased cost efficiency. Increased mortality rates had an inverse relationship with increased patient volume that was not statistically significant. Conclusions We developed and validated a code-based algorithm for identifying leukodystrophy patients in deidentified national datasets. Leukodystrophy patients account for $59 million of costs yearly at children’s hospitals. Our data highlight potential to reduce unwarranted variability and improve patient care. PMID:23953952

PyORBIT: A Python Shell For ORBIT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jean-Francois Ostiguy; Jeffrey Holmes

2003-07-01

ORBIT is code developed at SNS to simulate beam dynamics in accumulation rings and synchrotrons. The code is structured as a collection of external C++ modules for SuperCode, a high level interpreter shell developed at LLNL in the early 1990s. SuperCode is no longer actively supported and there has for some time been interest in replacing it by a modern scripting language, while preserving the feel of the original ORBIT program. In this paper, we describe a new version of ORBIT where the role of SuperCode is assumed by Python, a free, well-documented and widely supported object-oriented scripting language. Wemore » also compare PyORBIT to ORBIT from the standpoint of features, performance and future expandability.« less

Translation attenuation via 3′ terminal codon usage in bovine csn1s2 is responsible for the difference in αs2- and β-casein profile in milk

PubMed Central

Kim, Julie J; Yu, Jaeju; Bag, Jnanankur; Bakovic, Marica; Cant, John P

2015-01-01

The rate of secretion of αs2-casein into bovine milk is approximately 25% of that of β-casein, yet mammary expression of their respective mRNA transcripts (csn1s2 and csn2) is not different. Our objective was to identify molecular mechanisms that explain the difference in translation efficiency between csn1s2 and csn2. Cell-free translational efficiency of csn2 was 5 times that of csn1s2. Transcripts of csn1s2 distributed into heavier polysomes than csn2 transcripts, indicating an attenuation of elongation and/or termination. Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of the 5′ and 3′ UTRs on translational efficiency were different with luciferase and casein sequences in the coding regions. Substituting the 5′ and 3′ UTRs from csn2 into csn1s2 did not improve csn1s2 translation, implicating the coding region itself in the translation difference. Deletion of a 28-codon fragment from the 3′ terminus of the csn1s2 coding region, which displays codons with low correlations to cell fitness, increased translation to a par with csn2. We conclude that the usage of the last 28 codons of csn1s2 is the main regulatory element that attenuates its expression and is responsible for the differential translational expression of csn1s2 and csn2. PMID:25826667

WE-AB-204-11: Development of a Nuclear Medicine Dosimetry Module for the GPU-Based Monte Carlo Code ARCHER

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, T; Lin, H; Xu, X

Purpose: To develop a nuclear medicine dosimetry module for the GPU-based Monte Carlo code ARCHER. Methods: We have developed a nuclear medicine dosimetry module for the fast Monte Carlo code ARCHER. The coupled electron-photon Monte Carlo transport kernel included in ARCHER is built upon the Dose Planning Method code (DPM). The developed module manages the radioactive decay simulation by consecutively tracking several types of radiation on a per disintegration basis using the statistical sampling method. Optimization techniques such as persistent threads and prefetching are studied and implemented. The developed module is verified against the VIDA code, which is based onmore » Geant4 toolkit and has previously been verified against OLINDA/EXM. A voxelized geometry is used in the preliminary test: a sphere made of ICRP soft tissue is surrounded by a box filled with water. Uniform activity distribution of I-131 is assumed in the sphere. Results: The self-absorption dose factors (mGy/MBqs) of the sphere with varying diameters are calculated by ARCHER and VIDA respectively. ARCHER’s result is in agreement with VIDA’s that are obtained from a previous publication. VIDA takes hours of CPU time to finish the computation, while it takes ARCHER 4.31 seconds for the 12.4-cm uniform activity sphere case. For a fairer CPU-GPU comparison, more effort will be made to eliminate the algorithmic differences. Conclusion: The coupled electron-photon Monte Carlo code ARCHER has been extended to radioactive decay simulation for nuclear medicine dosimetry. The developed code exhibits good performance in our preliminary test. The GPU-based Monte Carlo code is developed with grant support from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering through an R01 grant (R01EB015478)« less

Pump CFD code validation tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brozowski, L. A.

1993-01-01

Pump CFD code validation tests were accomplished by obtaining nonintrusive flow characteristic data at key locations in generic current liquid rocket engine turbopump configurations. Data were obtained with a laser two-focus (L2F) velocimeter at scaled design flow. Three components were surveyed: a 1970's-designed impeller, a 1990's-designed impeller, and a four-bladed unshrouded inducer. Two-dimensional velocities were measured upstream and downstream of the two impellers. Three-dimensional velocities were measured upstream, downstream, and within the blade row of the unshrouded inducer.

Agreement Between the United States Secret Service and the Department of Defense Concerning Protection of the President and Other Officials

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-17

States Secret Service, in accordance with the responsibilities of the Secret Service as authorized by Section 3056, Title 18, U.S. Code; and Section 202 of...Title 3, U.S. Code. II. General Responsibilities Subject to the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secret Service is authorized to... the Secret Service, other than those persons or positions specifically identified under "II General Responsibilities" in this agreement, will be

Thermospray Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry of Mustard and Its Metabolites

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-01

MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) CRDEC-TR-066 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION (If applicable...see reverse 6c- ADDRESS (Cty, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Ba. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b OFFICE SYMBOL 9...Ather und Thioather in Dioxan- Wasser -Gemischen," Chem, Ber. Vol. 81, p 123 (1948). 2. Capon, B., and McManus, S. P., Neighboring Group Participation

Perspective: Semantic Data Management for the Home

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

8 the more flexible policies found in many management tasks must be made in an ad - hoc fashion at the application level, leading to a loss of user...this mismatch as a significant source of disorganization: Aaron: “I’m very conscious about the way I name things; I have a coding system. But the...thing is, that doesn’t work if you have everything spread out. The coding system makes sense when there’s a lot of other things around, but not when it’s

Nitramine Composite Solid Propellant Modelling

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

nonshaded areas, Sox values of zero are calculated for the various configurations indicated. The upper shaded area corresponds to one- half cf the...results: QDX ST Q X P F -XP QX "X TsX - To Gs X+ + Cf l sT),X +(l-Xf) ,X (134) In the above equations, and in the ones that follow, the solid phase...Surface Warfare Center, White Oak Laboratory, Silver Spring Code R10, S. Jacobs (1) Code R16, Dr. G. B. Wilmot (1) 1 Naval Underwater Systems Center

The Telecommunications Emergency Decision Support System as a Crisis Management Decision Support System

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California AD-A246 188 7 R DTIC fl ELECTE FEB2 1992 U THESIS THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS EMERGENCY DECISION SUPPORT...ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOl 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School J ""X...s Naval Postgraduate School c. ADDRESS (City, State and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Monterey, CA 93943-5000 Monterey, CA 93943

JOZSO, a computer code for calculating broad neutron resonances in phenomenological nuclear potentials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baran, Á.; Noszály, Cs.; Vertse, T.

2018-07-01

A renewed version of the computer code GAMOW (Vertse et al., 1982) is given in which the difficulties in calculating broad neutron resonances are amended. New types of phenomenological neutron potentials with strict finite range are built in. Landscape of the S-matrix can be generated on a given domain of the complex wave number plane and S-matrix poles in the domain are localized. Normalized Gamow wave functions and trajectories of given poles can be calculated optionally.

Proceedings of Workshop 15 of the COSPAR Meetings Held in Toulouse, France on 30 June-12 July 1986. Chapter 2. Reference Atmospheres and Thermospheric Mapping,

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-21

DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; 2b. DECLASSIFICATION /’DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE Distribution unlimited 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION ...REPORT NUMBER(S) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) AFGL-TR-88-0016 6a, NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF...MONITORING ORGANIZATION Air Force Geophysics (If applicable) Laboratory I oc. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b ADDRESS (City, Stare, and ZIP Code

Miller Cave (23PU2), Fort Leonard Wood, Pulaski County, Missouri: Report of Archaeological Testing and Assessment of Damage

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION JAVAILABIUITY OF REPORT 2b. DECLASSIFICATION I OWNGRAD)ING SCHEDULE I4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION ...REPORT NUMBER(S) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) RESEARCH REPORT NO. 9 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF...MONITORING ORGANIZATION Markman & Associates, Inc.(I plcbe 6c. ADDRESS (City. State. and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City. State. and ZIP Code) 824 N. Bl

The ASC Sequoia Programming Model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seager, M

2008-08-06

In the late 1980's and early 1990's, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was deeply engrossed in determining the next generation programming model for the Integrated Design Codes (IDC) beyond vectorization for the Cray 1s series of computers. The vector model, developed in mid 1970's first for the CDC 7600 and later extended from stack based vector operation to memory to memory operations for the Cray 1s, lasted approximately 20 years (See Slide 5). The Cray vector era was deemed an extremely long lived era as it allowed vector codes to be developed over time (the Cray 1s were faster in scalarmore » mode than the CDC 7600) with vector unit utilization increasing incrementally over time. The other attributes of the Cray vector era at LLNL were that we developed, supported and maintained the Operating System (LTSS and later NLTSS), communications protocols (LINCS), Compilers (Civic Fortran77 and Model), operating system tools (e.g., batch system, job control scripting, loaders, debuggers, editors, graphics utilities, you name it) and math and highly machine optimized libraries (e.g., SLATEC, and STACKLIB). Although LTSS was adopted by Cray for early system generations, they later developed COS and UNICOS operating systems and environment on their own. In the late 1970s and early 1980s two trends appeared that made the Cray vector programming model (described above including both the hardware and system software aspects) seem potentially dated and slated for major revision. These trends were the appearance of low cost CMOS microprocessors and their attendant, departmental and mini-computers and later workstations and personal computers. With the wide spread adoption of Unix in the early 1980s, it appeared that LLNL (and the other DOE Labs) would be left out of the mainstream of computing without a rapid transition to these 'Killer Micros' and modern OS and tools environments. The other interesting advance in the period is that systems were being developed with multiple 'cores' in them and called Symmetric Multi-Processor or Shared Memory Processor (SMP) systems. The parallel revolution had begun. The Laboratory started a small 'parallel processing project' in 1983 to study the new technology and its application to scientific computing with four people: Tim Axelrod, Pete Eltgroth, Paul Dubois and Mark Seager. Two years later, Eugene Brooks joined the team. This team focused on Unix and 'killer micro' SMPs. Indeed, Eugene Brooks was credited with coming up with the 'Killer Micro' term. After several generations of SMP platforms (e.g., Sequent Balance 8000 with 8 33MHz MC32032s, Allian FX8 with 8 MC68020 and FPGA based Vector Units and finally the BB&N Butterfly with 128 cores), it became apparent to us that the killer micro revolution would indeed take over Crays and that we definitely needed a new programming and systems model. The model developed by Mark Seager and Dale Nielsen focused on both the system aspects (Slide 3) and the code development aspects (Slide 4). Although now succinctly captured in two attached slides, at the time there was tremendous ferment in the research community as to what parallel programming model would emerge, dominate and survive. In addition, we wanted a model that would provide portability between platforms of a single generation but also longevity over multiple--and hopefully--many generations. Only after we developed the 'Livermore Model' and worked it out in considerable detail did it become obvious that what we came up with was the right approach. In a nutshell, the applications programming model of the Livermore Model posited that SMP parallelism would ultimately not scale indefinitely and one would have to bite the bullet and implement MPI parallelism within the Integrated Design Code (IDC). We also had a major emphasis on doing everything in a completely standards based, portable methodology with POSIX/Unix as the target environment. We decided against specialized libraries like STACKLIB for performance, but kept as many general purpose, portable math libraries as were needed by the codes. Third, we assumed that the SMPs in clusters would evolve in time to become more powerful, feature rich and, in particular, offer more cores. Thus, we focused on OpenMP, and POSIX PThreads for programming SMP parallelism. These code porting efforts were lead by Dale Nielsen, A-Division code group leader, and Randy Christensen, B-Division code group leader. Most of the porting effort revolved removing 'Crayisms' in the codes: artifacts of LTSS/NLTSS, Civic compiler extensions beyond Fortran77, IO libraries and dealing with new code control languages (we switched to Perl and later to Python). Adding MPI to the codes was initially problematic and error prone because the programmers used MPI directly and sprinkled the calls throughout the code.« less

Non-protein coding RNA genes as the novel diagnostic markers for the discrimination of Salmonella species using PCR.

PubMed

Nithya, Ravichantar; Ahmed, Siti Aminah; Hoe, Chee-Hock; Gopinath, Subash C B; Citartan, Marimuthu; Chinni, Suresh V; Lee, Li Pin; Rozhdestvensky, Timofey S; Tang, Thean-Hock

2015-01-01

Salmonellosis, a communicable disease caused by members of the Salmonella species, transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water. It is of paramount importance, to generate accurate detection methods for discriminating the various Salmonella species that cause severe infection in humans, including S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. Here, we formulated a strategy of detection and differentiation of salmonellosis by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay using S. Typhi non-protein coding RNA (sRNA) genes. With the designed sequences that specifically detect sRNA genes from S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A, a detection limit of up to 10 pg was achieved. Moreover, in a stool-seeding experiment with S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A, we have attained a respective detection limit of 15 and 1.5 CFU/mL. The designed strategy using sRNA genes shown here is comparatively sensitive and specific, suitable for clinical diagnosis and disease surveillance, and sRNAs represent an excellent molecular target for infectious disease.

Survey of Codes Employing Nuclear Damage Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-10-01

surveyed codes were com- DO 73Mu 1473 ETN OF 1NOVSSSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED 1 SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS f AGE (Wh*11 Date Efntered)S<>-~C. I UNCLASSIFIED...level and above) TALLEY/TOTEM not nuclear TARTARUS too highly aggregated (battalion level and above) UNICORN highly aggregated force allocation code...vulnerability data can bq input by the user as he receives them, and there is the abil ’ity to replay any situation using hindsight. The age of target

Functional Requirements of a Target Description System for Vulnerability Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-01

called GIFT .1,2 Together the COMGEOM description model and GIFT codes make up the BRL’s target description system. The significance of a target...and modifying target descriptions are described. 1 Lawrence W. Bain, Jr. and Mathew J. Reisinger, "The GIFT Code User Manual; Volume 1...34The GIFT Code User Manual; Volume II, The Output Options," unpublished draft of BRL report. II. UNDERLYING PHILOSOPHY The BRL has a computer

An NTP Stratum-One Server Farm Fed By IEEE-1588

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Serial Time Code Formats,” U.S. Army White Sands Missile Range, N.M. [11] J. Eidson , 2005, “IEEE-1588 Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization ... synchronized to its Master Clocks via IRIG-B time code on a low- frequency RF distribution system. The availability of Precise Time Protocol (PTP, IEEE...forwarding back to the requestor. The farm NTP servers are synchronized to the USNO Master Clocks using IRIG-B time code. The current standard NTP

DCU@TRECMed 2012: Using Ad-Hoc Baselines for Domain-Specific Retrieval

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

description to extend the query, for example: Patients with complicated GERD who receive endoscopy will be extended with Gastroesophageal reflux disease ... Diseases and Related Health Problems, version 9) for the patient’s admission or discharge status [1, 5]; treating negation (e.g. negative test results or...codes were mapped to a description of the code, usually a short phrase/sentence. For instance, the ICD9 code 253.5 corresponds to the disease Diabetes

Verifying the Chemical Weapons Convention: The Case for a United Nations Verification Agency

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 6&. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION j6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7&. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School J(if applicaip...Naval Postgraduate School 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Monterey. CA 93943-5000 Monterey, CA 93943...Governinent. 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (continue on reverse if necessaty and identify by black number) -FIELD GROUP SUBGROUP Chemical

County-based estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus content of animal manure in the United States for 1982, 1987, and 1992

USGS Publications Warehouse

Puckett, Larry; Hitt, Kerie; Alexander, Richard

1998-01-01

names that correspond to the FIPS codes. 2. Tabular component - Nine tab-delimited ASCII lookup tables of animal counts and nutrient estimates organized by 5-digit state/county FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) code. Another table lists the county names that correspond to the FIPS codes. The use of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

A Unified View of Global Instability of Compressible Flow over Open Cavities

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-03-28

in terms of number of steps realized by the DNS code per second (S/sec) as the number of processors ( np ) increases. For this comparison the “new...computations). It may clearly be seen that both solutions performed comparably well at low number of processors; however, as np increased, the Myrinet...has subsequently been designed, hard -coded and validated at nu modelling. Design characteristics of the code have been a) high-accuracy, b

TacSat-4 COMMx, Advanced SATCOM Experiment

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Schein, M. T. Marley, C. T. Apland, R. E. Lee, B. D . Williams, E. D . Schaefer, S. R. Vernon, P . D . Schwartz , B. L. Kantsiper, E. J. Finnegan;The...Lee, B. D . Williams, E. D . Schaefer, P . D . Schwartz, R. Denissen, B. Kantsiper, E. J. Finnegan; The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics...Mission Ops Lead, NRL Code 8233 Bob Kuzma, TacSat-4 Payload Controller, NRL Code 8242 Bob Skalitzky, TacSat-4 Power Systems, NRL Code 8244 Doug Bentz

The old faith and the new science: the Nuremberg Code and human experimentation ethics in Britain, 1946-73.

PubMed

Hazelgrove, Jenny

2002-04-01

This article explores the impact of the Nuremberg Code on post-Second World War research ethics in Britain. Against the background of the Nuremberg Medical Trial, the Code received international endorsement, but how much did its ethical percepts influence actual research? This paper shows that, despite British involvement in the formulation of the Code, the experience of war-time and changing career structures were more influential in shaping the approach of investigators to their subjects. Where medical debates ensued, primarily over controversial research practices at the British Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, they were set in the context of a much older division between 'bedside' and 'scientific' medicine. But whatever differences there may have been between those physicians who advocated research and those who questioned its use and ethical basis, most clung to the paternalist assumption that it was the doctor's place to decide what was best for his patients. Faced with rising public and medical criticism of contemporary research practices, the medical élite of the 1960s and 1970s safeguarded the reputation of the profession and medical control of research by negotiating new voluntary codes. In a similar move, their predecessors had helped to negotiate the Nuremberg Code in anticipation of public criticism of experimentation arising from the Nuremberg Medical Trial.

Since surgery isn't getting any easier, why is reimbursement going down? An update from the SGO taskforce on coding and reimbursement.

PubMed

Uppal, Shitanshu; Shahin, Mark S; Rathbun, Jill A; Goff, Barbara A

2017-02-01

In 2015, there was an 18% reduction in the Relative Value Units (RVUs) that the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) assigned to the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code 58571 (Laparoscopy, surgical, with total hysterectomy, for uterus 250g or less; with removal of tube(s) and/or ovary(s)→TLH+BSO). The other CPT codes for laparoscopic hysterectomy and laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (58541-58544 and 58570-58573) lost between 12 and 23% of their assigned RVUs. In 2016, the laparoscopic lymph node dissection codes 38570 (Laparoscopy, surgical; with retroperitoneal lymph node sampling (biopsy), single or multiple), 38571 (Laparoscopy, surgical; with bilateral total pelvic lymphadenectomy), and 38572 (Laparoscopy, surgical; with bilateral total pelvic lymphadenectomy and para-aortic lymph node sampling (biopsy), single or multiple) lost between 5.5 and 16.3% of their RVU's. The goals of this article from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Task force on Coding and Reimbursement are 1) to inform the SGO members on why CMS identified these codes as a part of their misvalued services screening program and then finalized a reduction in their payment levels; and 2) outline the role individual providers have in CMS' methodology used to determine the reimbursement of a surgical procedure. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Coding of adverse events of suicidality in clinical study reports of duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder: descriptive study

PubMed Central

Tendal, Britta; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn; Lundh, Andreas; Gøtzsche, Peter C

2014-01-01

Objective To assess the effects of coding and coding conventions on summaries and tabulations of adverse events data on suicidality within clinical study reports. Design Systematic electronic search for adverse events of suicidality in tables, narratives, and listings of adverse events in individual patients within clinical study reports. Where possible, for each event we extracted the original term reported by the investigator, the term as coded by the medical coding dictionary, medical coding dictionary used, and the patient’s trial identification number. Using the patient’s trial identification number, we attempted to reconcile data on the same event between the different formats for presenting data on adverse events within the clinical study report. Setting 9 randomised placebo controlled trials of duloxetine for major depressive disorder submitted to the European Medicines Agency for marketing approval. Data sources Clinical study reports obtained from the EMA in 2011. Results Six trials used the medical coding dictionary COSTART (Coding Symbols for a Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction Terms) and three used MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities). Suicides were clearly identifiable in all formats of adverse event data in clinical study reports. Suicide attempts presented in tables included both definitive and provisional diagnoses. Suicidal ideation and preparatory behaviour were obscured in some tables owing to the lack of specificity of the medical coding dictionary, especially COSTART. Furthermore, we found one event of suicidal ideation described in narrative text that was absent from tables and adverse event listings of individual patients. The reason for this is unclear, but may be due to the coding conventions used. Conclusion Data on adverse events in tables in clinical study reports may not accurately represent the underlying patient data because of the medical dictionaries and coding conventions used. In clinical study reports, the listings of adverse events for individual patients and narratives of adverse events can provide additional information, including original investigator reported adverse event terms, which can enable a more accurate estimate of harms. PMID:24899651

22 CFR 226.42 - Codes of conduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION OF ASSISTANCE AWARDS TO U.S. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS Post-award Requirements Procurement Standards § 226.42 Codes of conduct. The recipient shall... immediate family, his or her partner, or an organization which employs or is about to employ any of the...

75 FR 13802 - Small Business Size Standards: Waiver of the Nonmanufacturer Rule

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-23

...) code 325120 (Industrial Gases Manufacturing). According to the request, no small business manufacturers... for LPG, PSC 6830 (Compressed and Liquefied Gases), under NAICS code 325120 (Industrial Gases... for Liquid Propane Gas (LPG). SUMMARY: The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) is considering...

3 CFR 13593 - Executive Order 13593 of December 13, 2011. 2011 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... United States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

3 CFR 13643 - Executive Order 13643 of May 15, 2013. 2013 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

3 CFR 13552 - Executive Order 13552 of August 31, 2010. 2010 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

Fabrication and Evaluation of InSb CID Arrays

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-08-01

Eck l Mail Stop 55 Santa Barbara Research Center 75 Coromar Drive Goleta, California 93017 Stephen P. Emmons ’■ Mail Stop 134 Texas Instruments...Attn: Code 2629 ° Attn: Code 2627 6 Defense Documentation Center, Bldg. 5 - S47031 Cameron Station, Alexandrias Va. 22314 12

Toward an architecture of attachment disorganization: John Bowlby’s published and unpublished reflections

PubMed Central

Solomon, Judith; Duschinsky, Robbie; Bakkum, Lianne; Schuengel, Carlo

2017-01-01

This article examines the construct of disorganized attachment originally proposed by Main and Solomon, developing some new conjectures based on inspiration from a largely unknown source: John Bowlby’s unpublished texts, housed at the Wellcome Trust Library Archive in London (with permission from the Bowlby family). We explore Bowlby’s discussions of disorganized attachment, which he understood from the perspective of ethological theories of conflict behavior. Bowlby’s reflections regarding differences among the behaviors used to code disorganized attachment will be used to explore distinctions that may underlie the structure of the current coding system. The article closes with an emphasis on the importance Bowlby placed on Popper’s distinction between the context of discovery and the context of justification in developmental science. PMID:28791871

Amino- and carboxyl-terminal amino acid sequences of proteins coded by gag gene of murine leukemia virus

PubMed Central

Oroszlan, Stephen; Henderson, Louis E.; Stephenson, John R.; Copeland, Terry D.; Long, Cedric W.; Ihle, James N.; Gilden, Raymond V.

1978-01-01

The amino- and carboxyl-terminal amino acid sequences of proteins (p10, p12, p15, and p30) coded by the gag gene of Rauscher and AKR murine leukemia viruses were determined. Among these proteins, p15 from both viruses appears to have a blocked amino end. Proline was found to be the common NH2 terminus of both p30s and both p12s, and alanine of both p10s. The amino-terminal sequences of p30s are identical, as are those of p10s, while the p12 sequences are clearly distinctive but also show substantial homology. The carboxyl-terminal amino acids of both viral p30s and p12s are leucine and phenylalanine, respectively. Rauscher leukemia virus p15 has tyrosine as the carboxyl terminus while AKR virus p15 has phenylalanine in this position. The compositional and sequence data provide definite chemical criteria for the identification of analogous gag gene products and for the comparison of viral proteins isolated in different laboratories. On the basis of amino acid sequences and the previously proposed H-p15-p12-p30-p10-COOH peptide sequence in the precursor polyprotein, a model for cleavage sites involved in the post-translational processing of the precursor coded for by the gag gene is proposed. PMID:206897

Molecular cloning and analysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reb1p: sequence-specific recognition of two sites in the far upstream rDNA intergenic spacer.

PubMed Central

Zhao, A; Guo, A; Liu, Z; Pape, L

1997-01-01

The coding sequences for a Schizosaccharomyces pombe sequence-specific DNA binding protein, Reb1p, have been cloned. The predicted S. pombe Reb1p is 24-29% identical to mouse TTF-1 (transcription termination factor-1) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae REB1 protein, both of which direct termination of RNA polymerase I catalyzed transcripts. The S.pombe Reb1 cDNA encodes a predicted polypeptide of 504 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 58.4 kDa. The S. pombe Reb1p is unusual in that the bipartite DNA binding motif identified originally in S.cerevisiae and Klyveromyces lactis REB1 proteins is uninterrupted and thus S.pombe Reb1p may contain the smallest natural REB1 homologous DNA binding domain. Its genomic coding sequences were shown to be interrupted by two introns. A recombinant histidine-tagged Reb1 protein bearing the rDNA binding domain has two homologous, sequence-specific binding sites in the S. pomber DNA intergenic spacer, located between 289 and 480 nt downstream of the end of the approximately 25S rRNA coding sequences. Each binding site is 13-14 bp downstream of two of the three proposed in vivo termination sites. The core of this 17 bp site, AGGTAAGGGTAATGCAC, is specifically protected by Reb1p in footprinting analysis. PMID:9016645

Transform Image Coding.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-05-01

s ’ ~~~~~~~~ ——- - --- - - - - (Ic s ’ sis l abls ’ t’ i’s i i u u [u l ’ s’s ’i s_ i u sIt ’ dt ’o ’ sisl s ’d oI~it a , o h _ i s ’ i’ss’i so

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Samohyl, P.

The application of the LBB requires also fatigue flaw growth assessment. This analysis was performed for PWR nuclear power plants types VVER 440/230, VVER 440/213c, VVER 1000/320. Respecting that these NPP`s were designed according to Russian codes that differ from US codes it was needed to compare these approaches. Comparison with our experimental data was accomplished, too. Margins of applicability of the US methods and their modifications for the materials used for construction of Czech and Slovak NPP`s are shown. Computer code accomplishing the analysis according to described method is presented. Some measurement and calculations show that thermal stratifications inmore » horizontal pipelines can lead to additive loads that are not negligible and can be dangerous. An attempt to include these loads induced by steady-state stratification was made.« less

3.375-Gb/s RGB-LED based WDM visible light communication system employing PAM-8 modulation with phase shifted Manchester coding.

PubMed

Chi, Nan; Zhang, Mengjie; Zhou, Yingjun; Zhao, Jiaqi

2016-09-19

Optical background noise and second-order nonlinear distortions are two main challenges faced by indoor high-speed VLC system. In this paper, a novel phase shifted Manchester (PS-Manchester) coding based on PAM-8 is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to mitigate these noise and distortions. With the aid of PS-Manchester coding and WDM, a total data rate of 3.375-Gb/s can be successfully achieved in the RGB-LED based VLC system. The BER is under 7% HD-FEC limit of 3.8x10^-3 after 1-m indoor free space transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest data rate ever achieved in PAM VLC systems.

Digital data for Quick Response (QR) codes of thermophiles to identify and compare the bacterial species isolated from Unkeshwar hot springs (India).

PubMed

Rekadwad, Bhagwan N; Khobragade, Chandrahasya N

2016-03-01

16S rRNA sequences of morphologically and biochemically identified 21 thermophilic bacteria isolated from Unkeshwar hot springs (19°85'N and 78°25'E), Dist. Nanded (India) has been deposited in NCBI repository. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to generate QR codes for sequences (FASTA format and full Gene Bank information). Diversity among the isolates is compared with known isolates and evaluated using CGR, FCGR and PCA i.e. visual comparison and evaluation respectively. Considerable biodiversity was observed among the identified bacteria isolated from Unkeshwar hot springs. The hyperlinked QR codes, CGR, FCGR and PCA of all the isolates are made available to the users on a portal https://sites.google.com/site/bhagwanrekadwad/.

Recent improvements of reactor physics codes in MHI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosaka, Shinya; Yamaji, Kazuya; Kirimura, Kazuki; Kamiyama, Yohei; Matsumoto, Hideki

2015-12-01

This paper introduces recent improvements for reactor physics codes in Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd(MHI). MHI has developed a new neutronics design code system Galaxy/Cosmo-S(GCS) for PWR core analysis. After TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi accident, it is required to consider design extended condition which has not been covered explicitly by the former safety licensing analyses. Under these circumstances, MHI made some improvements for GCS code system. A new resonance calculation model of lattice physics code and homogeneous cross section representative model for core simulator have been developed to apply more wide range core conditions corresponding to severe accident status such like anticipated transient without scram (ATWS) analysis and criticality evaluation of dried-up spent fuel pit. As a result of these improvements, GCS code system has very wide calculation applicability with good accuracy for any core conditions as far as fuel is not damaged. In this paper, the outline of GCS code system is described briefly and recent relevant development activities are presented.

WDEC: A Code for Modeling White Dwarf Structure and Pulsations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bischoff-Kim, Agnès; Montgomery, Michael H.

2018-05-01

The White Dwarf Evolution Code (WDEC), written in Fortran, makes models of white dwarf stars. It is fast, versatile, and includes the latest physics. The code evolves hot (∼100,000 K) input models down to a chosen effective temperature by relaxing the models to be solutions of the equations of stellar structure. The code can also be used to obtain g-mode oscillation modes for the models. WDEC has a long history going back to the late 1960s. Over the years, it has been updated and re-packaged for modern computer architectures and has specifically been used in computationally intensive asteroseismic fitting. Generations of white dwarf astronomers and dozens of publications have made use of the WDEC, although the last true instrument paper is the original one, published in 1975. This paper discusses the history of the code, necessary to understand why it works the way it does, details the physics and features in the code today, and points the reader to where to find the code and a user guide.

Bijective transformation circular codes and nucleotide exchanging RNA transcription.

PubMed

Michel, Christian J; Seligmann, Hervé

2014-04-01

The C(3) self-complementary circular code X identified in genes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes is a set of 20 trinucleotides enabling reading frame retrieval and maintenance, i.e. a framing code (Arquès and Michel, 1996; Michel, 2012, 2013). Some mitochondrial RNAs correspond to DNA sequences when RNA transcription systematically exchanges between nucleotides (Seligmann, 2013a,b). We study here the 23 bijective transformation codes ΠX of X which may code nucleotide exchanging RNA transcription as suggested by this mitochondrial observation. The 23 bijective transformation codes ΠX are C(3) trinucleotide circular codes, seven of them are also self-complementary. Furthermore, several correlations are observed between the Reading Frame Retrieval (RFR) probability of bijective transformation codes ΠX and the different biological properties of ΠX related to their numbers of RNAs in GenBank's EST database, their polymerization rate, their number of amino acids and the chirality of amino acids they code. Results suggest that the circular code X with the functions of reading frame retrieval and maintenance in regular RNA transcription, may also have, through its bijective transformation codes ΠX, the same functions in nucleotide exchanging RNA transcription. Associations with properties such as amino acid chirality suggest that the RFR of X and its bijective transformations molded the origins of the genetic code's machinery. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

On the design of turbo codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Divsalar, D.; Pollara, F.

1995-01-01

In this article, we design new turbo codes that can achieve near-Shannon-limit performance. The design criterion for random interleavers is based on maximizing the effective free distance of the turbo code, i.e., the minimum output weight of codewords due to weight-2 input sequences. An upper bound on the effective free distance of a turbo code is derived. This upper bound can be achieved if the feedback connection of convolutional codes uses primitive polynomials. We review multiple turbo codes (parallel concatenation of q convolutional codes), which increase the so-called 'interleaving gain' as q and the interleaver size increase, and a suitable decoder structure derived from an approximation to the maximum a posteriori probability decision rule. We develop new rate 1/3, 2/3, 3/4, and 4/5 constituent codes to be used in the turbo encoder structure. These codes, for from 2 to 32 states, are designed by using primitive polynomials. The resulting turbo codes have rates b/n (b = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and include random interleavers for better asymptotic performance. These codes are suitable for deep-space communications with low throughput and for near-Earth communications where high throughput is desirable. The performance of these codes is within 1 dB of the Shannon limit at a bit-error rate of 10(exp -6) for throughputs from 1/15 up to 4 bits/s/Hz.

Spectral amplitude code label switching system for IM, DQPSK and PDM-DQPSK with frequency swept coherent detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isaac, Aboagye Adjaye; Yongsheng, Cao; Fushen, Chen

2018-05-01

We present and compare the outcome of implicit and explicit labels using intensity modulation (IM), differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK), and polarization division multiplexed (PDM-DQPSK). A payload bit rate of 1, 2, and 5 Gb/s is considered for IM implicit labels, while payloads of 40, 80, and 112 Gb/s are considered in DQPSK and PDM-DQPSK explicit labels by stimulating a 4-code 156-Mb/s SAC label. The generated label and payloads are observed by assessing the eye diagram, received optical power (ROP), and optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR).

User`s and reference guide to the INEL RML/analytical radiochemistry sample tracking database version 1.00

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Femec, D.A.

This report discusses the sample tracking database in use at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) by the Radiation Measurements Laboratory (RML) and Analytical Radiochemistry. The database was designed in-house to meet the specific needs of the RML and Analytical Radiochemistry. The report consists of two parts, a user`s guide and a reference guide. The user`s guide presents some of the fundamentals needed by anyone who will be using the database via its user interface. The reference guide describes the design of both the database and the user interface. Briefly mentioned in the reference guide are the code-generating tools, CREATE-SCHEMAmore » and BUILD-SCREEN, written to automatically generate code for the database and its user interface. The appendices contain the input files used by the these tools to create code for the sample tracking database. The output files generated by these tools are also included in the appendices.« less

Adaptive Coding and Modulation Experiment With NASA's Space Communication and Navigation Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Downey, Joseph; Mortensen, Dale; Evans, Michael; Briones, Janette; Tollis, Nicholas

2016-01-01

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Space Communication and Navigation Testbed is an advanced integrated communication payload on the International Space Station. This paper presents results from an adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) experiment over S-band using a direct-to-earth link between the SCaN Testbed and the Glenn Research Center. The testing leverages the established Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation (DVB-S2) standard to provide various modulation and coding options, and uses the Space Data Link Protocol (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standard) for the uplink and downlink data framing. The experiment was conducted in a challenging environment due to the multipath and shadowing caused by the International Space Station structure. Several approaches for improving the ACM system are presented, including predictive and learning techniques to accommodate signal fades. Performance of the system is evaluated as a function of end-to-end system latency (round-trip delay), and compared to the capacity of the link. Finally, improvements over standard NASA waveforms are presented.

Calculation of wall effects of flow on a perforated wall with a code of surface singularities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piat, J. F.

1994-07-01

Simplifying assumptions are inherent in the analytic method previously used for the determination of wall interferences on a model in a wind tunnel. To eliminate these assumptions, a new code based on the vortex lattice method was developed. It is suitable for processing any shape of test sections with limited areas of porous wall, the characteristic of which can be nonlinear. Calculation of wall effects in S3MA wind tunnel, whose test section is rectangular 0.78 m x 0.56 m, and fitted with two or four perforated walls, have been performed. Wall porosity factors have been adjusted to obtain the best fit between measured and computed pressure distributions on the test section walls. The code was checked by measuring nearly equal drag coefficients for a model tested in S3MA wind tunnel (after wall corrections) and in S2MA wind tunnel whose test section is seven times larger (negligible wall corrections).

Development Of A Parallel Performance Model For The THOR Neutral Particle Transport Code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yessayan, Raffi; Azmy, Yousry; Schunert, Sebastian

The THOR neutral particle transport code enables simulation of complex geometries for various problems from reactor simulations to nuclear non-proliferation. It is undergoing a thorough V&V requiring computational efficiency. This has motivated various improvements including angular parallelization, outer iteration acceleration, and development of peripheral tools. For guiding future improvements to the code’s efficiency, better characterization of its parallel performance is useful. A parallel performance model (PPM) can be used to evaluate the benefits of modifications and to identify performance bottlenecks. Using INL’s Falcon HPC, the PPM development incorporates an evaluation of network communication behavior over heterogeneous links and a functionalmore » characterization of the per-cell/angle/group runtime of each major code component. After evaluating several possible sources of variability, this resulted in a communication model and a parallel portion model. The former’s accuracy is bounded by the variability of communication on Falcon while the latter has an error on the order of 1%.« less

Adaptive Coding and Modulation Experiment With NASA's Space Communication and Navigation Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Downey, Joseph A.; Mortensen, Dale J.; Evans, Michael A.; Briones, Janette C.; Tollis, Nicholas

2016-01-01

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Space Communication and Navigation Testbed is an advanced integrated communication payload on the International Space Station. This paper presents results from an adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) experiment over S-band using a direct-to-earth link between the SCaN Testbed and the Glenn Research Center. The testing leverages the established Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation (DVB-S2) standard to provide various modulation and coding options, and uses the Space Data Link Protocol (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standard) for the uplink and downlink data framing. The experiment was con- ducted in a challenging environment due to the multipath and shadowing caused by the International Space Station structure. Several approaches for improving the ACM system are presented, including predictive and learning techniques to accommodate signal fades. Performance of the system is evaluated as a function of end-to-end system latency (round- trip delay), and compared to the capacity of the link. Finally, improvements over standard NASA waveforms are presented.

FY17 Status Report on NEAMS Neutronics Activities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, C. H.; Jung, Y. S.; Smith, M. A.

2017-09-30

Under the U.S. DOE NEAMS program, the high-fidelity neutronics code system has been developed to support the multiphysics modeling and simulation capability named SHARP. The neutronics code system includes the high-fidelity neutronics code PROTEUS, the cross section library and preprocessing tools, the multigroup cross section generation code MC2-3, the in-house meshing generation tool, the perturbation and sensitivity analysis code PERSENT, and post-processing tools. The main objectives of the NEAMS neutronics activities in FY17 are to continue development of an advanced nodal solver in PROTEUS for use in nuclear reactor design and analysis projects, implement a simplified sub-channel based thermal-hydraulic (T/H)more » capability into PROTEUS to efficiently compute the thermal feedback, improve the performance of PROTEUS-MOCEX using numerical acceleration and code optimization, improve the cross section generation tools including MC2-3, and continue to perform verification and validation tests for PROTEUS.« less

A verification of the gyrokinetic microstability codes GEM, GYRO, and GS2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bravenec, R. V.; Chen, Y.; Wan, W.

2013-10-15

A previous publication [R. V. Bravenec et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 122505 (2011)] presented favorable comparisons of linear frequencies and nonlinear fluxes from the Eulerian gyrokinetic codes gyro[J. Candy and R. E. Waltz, J. Comput. Phys. 186, 545 (2003)] and gs2[W. Dorland et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5579 (2000)]. The motivation was to verify the codes, i.e., demonstrate that they correctly solve the gyrokinetic-Maxwell equations. The premise was that it is highly unlikely for both codes to yield the same incorrect results. In this work, we add the Lagrangian particle-in-cell code gem[Y. Chen and S. Parker, J. Comput. Phys.more » 220, 839 (2007)] to the comparisons, not simply to add another code, but also to demonstrate that the codes' algorithms do not matter. We find good agreement of gem with gyro and gs2 for the plasma conditions considered earlier, thus establishing confidence that the codes are verified and that ongoing validation efforts for these plasma parameters are warranted.« less

Potential Job Creation in Rhode Island as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

Potential Job Creation in Minnesota as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

Potential Job Creation in Tennessee as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

Potential Job Creation in Nevada as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

Report number codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nelson, R.N.

This publication lists all report number codes processed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information. The report codes are substantially based on the American National Standards Institute, Standard Technical Report Number (STRN)-Format and Creation Z39.23-1983. The Standard Technical Report Number (STRN) provides one of the primary methods of identifying a specific technical report. The STRN consists of two parts: The report code and the sequential number. The report code identifies the issuing organization, a specific program, or a type of document. The sequential number, which is assigned in sequence by each report issuing entity, is not included in thismore » publication. Part I of this compilation is alphabetized by report codes followed by issuing installations. Part II lists the issuing organization followed by the assigned report code(s). In both Parts I and II, the names of issuing organizations appear for the most part in the form used at the time the reports were issued. However, for some of the more prolific installations which have had name changes, all entries have been merged under the current name.« less

A Computer Program for Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes (FLASH)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Day-Lewis, F. D.; Johnson, C.D.; Paillet, Frederick L.; Halford, K.J.

2011-01-01

A new computer program, FLASH (Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes), is presented for the analysis of borehole vertical flow logs. The code is based on an analytical solution for steady-state multilayer radial flow to a borehole. The code includes options for (1) discrete fractures and (2) multilayer aquifers. Given vertical flow profiles collected under both ambient and stressed (pumping or injection) conditions, the user can estimate fracture (or layer) transmissivities and far-field hydraulic heads. FLASH is coded in Microsoft Excel with Visual Basic for Applications routines. The code supports manual and automated model calibration. ?? 2011, The Author(s). Ground Water ?? 2011, National Ground Water Association.

Multitasking the code ARC3D. [for computational fluid dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barton, John T.; Hsiung, Christopher C.

1986-01-01

The CRAY multitasking system was developed in order to utilize all four processors and sharply reduce the wall clock run time. This paper describes the techniques used to modify the computational fluid dynamics code ARC3D for this run and analyzes the achieved speedup. The ARC3D code solves either the Euler or thin-layer N-S equations using an implicit approximate factorization scheme. Results indicate that multitask processing can be used to achieve wall clock speedup factors of over three times, depending on the nature of the program code being used. Multitasking appears to be particularly advantageous for large-memory problems running on multiple CPU computers.

Low-noise delays from dynamic Brillouin gratings based on perfect Golomb coding of pump waves.

PubMed

Antman, Yair; Levanon, Nadav; Zadok, Avi

2012-12-15

A method for long variable all-optical delay is proposed and simulated, based on reflections from localized and stationary dynamic Brillouin gratings (DBGs). Inspired by radar methods, the DBGs are inscribed by two pumps that are comodulated by perfect Golomb codes, which reduce the off-peak reflectivity. Compared with random bit sequence coding, Golomb codes improve the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of delayed waveforms by an order of magnitude. Simulations suggest a delay of 5  Gb/s data by 9 ns, or 45 bit durations, with an OSNR of 13 dB.

Validation of the Operating and Support Cost Model for Avionics Automatic Test Equipment (OSCATE).

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

AFLCR 65-1 (56) DOD 4140 -32 (74) CODES DATA LISTED BY. ALC code, Division Code, Equipment Specialist Code, NSN DATA ORDERING SEQUENCEs This data is...PAJ6A 4140 -01-043-5035 .... IL0UERft1TfR 1002 1 319.55 22720 1 0 0 1003 0 14.55 0 0 0 10.00 0 0 1004 0 0 32.454 16.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 127 1101 PAJHA 4920...5320 480 CONTINUE 5330 60 To 150 5340 5350C *...*~****.*.s*..** 5360C *****eOUTPUT OPTION 7 5370C e**ss*** sae ******* 5380 500 PRINT 510 5390 510

CHEETAH 1.0 user`s manual

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fried, L.E.

1994-06-24

CHEETAH is an effort to bring the TIGER thermochemical code into the 1990s. A wide variety of improvements have been made in Version 1.0, and a host of others will be implemented in the future. In CHEETAH 1.0 I have improved the robustness and ease of use of TIGER. All of TIGER`s solvers have been replaced by new algorithms. I find that CHEETAH solves a wider variety of problems with no user intervention (e.g. no guesses for the C-J state) than TIGER did. CHEETAH has been made simpler to use than TIGER; typical use of the code occurs with themore » new standard run command. I hope that CHEETAH makes the use of thermochemical codes more attractive to practical explosive formulators. In the future I plan to improve the underlying science in CHEETAH. More accurate equations of state will be used in the gas and the condensed phase. A kinetics capability will be added to the code that will predict reaction zone thickness. CHEETAH is currently a numerical implementation of C-J theory. It will,become an implementation of ZND theory. Further ease of use features will eventually be added; an automatic formulator that adjusts concentrations to match desired properties is planned.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Argo, P.E.; DeLapp, D.; Sutherland, C.D.

TRACKER is an extension of a three-dimensional Hamiltonian raytrace code developed some thirty years ago by R. Michael Jones. Subsequent modifications to this code, which is commonly called the {open_quotes}Jones Code,{close_quotes} were documented by Jones and Stephensen (1975). TRACKER incorporates an interactive user`s interface, modern differential equation integrators, graphical outputs, homing algorithms, and the Ionospheric Conductivity and Electron Density (ICED) ionosphere. TRACKER predicts the three-dimensional paths of radio waves through model ionospheres by numerically integrating Hamilton`s equations, which are a differential expression of Fermat`s principle of least time. By using continuous models, the Hamiltonian method avoids false caustics and discontinuousmore » raypath properties often encountered in other raytracing methods. In addition to computing the raypath, TRACKER also calculates the group path (or pulse travel time), the phase path, the geometrical (or {open_quotes}real{close_quotes}) pathlength, and the Doppler shift (if the time variation of the ionosphere is explicitly included). Computational speed can be traded for accuracy by specifying the maximum allowable integration error per step in the integration. Only geometrical optics are included in the main raytrace code; no partial reflections or diffraction effects are taken into account. In addition, TRACKER does not lend itself to statistical descriptions of propagation -- it requires a deterministic model of the ionosphere.« less

GOTHIC: Gravitational oct-tree code accelerated by hierarchical time step controlling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miki, Yohei; Umemura, Masayuki

2017-04-01

The tree method is a widely implemented algorithm for collisionless N-body simulations in astrophysics well suited for GPU(s). Adopting hierarchical time stepping can accelerate N-body simulations; however, it is infrequently implemented and its potential remains untested in GPU implementations. We have developed a Gravitational Oct-Tree code accelerated by HIerarchical time step Controlling named GOTHIC, which adopts both the tree method and the hierarchical time step. The code adopts some adaptive optimizations by monitoring the execution time of each function on-the-fly and minimizes the time-to-solution by balancing the measured time of multiple functions. Results of performance measurements with realistic particle distribution performed on NVIDIA Tesla M2090, K20X, and GeForce GTX TITAN X, which are representative GPUs of the Fermi, Kepler, and Maxwell generation of GPUs, show that the hierarchical time step achieves a speedup by a factor of around 3-5 times compared to the shared time step. The measured elapsed time per step of GOTHIC is 0.30 s or 0.44 s on GTX TITAN X when the particle distribution represents the Andromeda galaxy or the NFW sphere, respectively, with 224 = 16,777,216 particles. The averaged performance of the code corresponds to 10-30% of the theoretical single precision peak performance of the GPU.

Eye-Movements During Search for Coded and Uncoded Targets

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-06-28

effective a coding system as solor . Subjects did not exhibit a reliable, characteristic scan-path, except for two subjects in the uncoded condition...Psychophysics 8, 171- 172, 1970. 31. Clarke, S. E. Retrieval of color information from the pre-perceptu- al storage system . J Exp Psychol 82, 263

Naval Law Review. Volume 48

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-01-01

from airports and hotels, Internet cafes , libraries, and even cellular phones. This unmatched versatility has made e-mail the preferred method of...8217 contention, however, was not that the Franchise Tax Board applied the wrong section of the code; it was that the code “unfairly taxed the wife’s

15 CFR 701.4 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Subject to Offset; (iii) Names/Titles of Signatories to the Offset Agreement; (iv) Value of Export Sale.../naics.html). Paragraphs (c)(1)(iii)(A) through (c)(1)(iii)(E) of this section provide examples that illustrate how to select the appropriate NAICS code(s). (A) Example 1. Company A enters into an offset...

14 CFR 99.13 - Transponder-on requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder, shall operate the transponder, including altitude... designated in subpart B of this part unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon transponder..., within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon...

14 CFR 99.13 - Transponder-on requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder, shall operate the transponder, including altitude... designated in subpart B of this part unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon transponder..., within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon...

Studies of Heat Transfer in Complex Internal Flows.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-01

D.C. 20362 (Tel 202-692-6874) Mr. Richard S. Carlton Director, Engines Division, Code 523 NC #4 Naval Sea Systems Command Washington, D.C. 20362...Walter Ritz Code 033C Naval Ships Systems Engineering Station Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19112 (Tel. 215-755-3841) Dr. Simion Kuo United Tech. Res

The Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy Strategies Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLeod, Bryce D.; Weisz, John R.

2010-01-01

Most everyday child and adolescent psychotherapy does not follow manuals that document the procedures. Consequently, usual clinical care has remained poorly understood and rarely studied. The Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy-Strategies scale (TPOCS-S) is an observational measure of youth psychotherapy procedures…

14 CFR 99.13 - Transponder-on requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder, shall operate the transponder, including altitude... designated in subpart B of this part unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon transponder..., within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon...

14 CFR 99.13 - Transponder-on requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder, shall operate the transponder, including altitude... designated in subpart B of this part unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon transponder..., within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon...

14 CFR 99.13 - Transponder-on requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... equipped with an operable radar beacon transponder, shall operate the transponder, including altitude... designated in subpart B of this part unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon transponder..., within, or across the contiguous U.S. ADIZ unless that aircraft is equipped with a coded radar beacon...

Fission yields data generation and benchmarks of decay heat estimation of a nuclear fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gil, Choong-Sup; Kim, Do Heon; Yoo, Jae Kwon; Lee, Jounghwa

2017-09-01

Fission yields data with the ENDF-6 format of 235U, 239Pu, and several actinides dependent on incident neutron energies have been generated using the GEF code. In addition, fission yields data libraries of ORIGEN-S, -ARP modules in the SCALE code, have been generated with the new data. The decay heats by ORIGEN-S using the new fission yields data have been calculated and compared with the measured data for validation in this study. The fission yields data ORIGEN-S libraries based on ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF-3.1.1, and JENDL/FPY-2011 have also been generated, and decay heats were calculated using the ORIGEN-S libraries for analyses and comparisons.

Science and technology review, March 1997

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Upadhye, R.

The articles in this month`s issue are entitled Site 300`s New Contained Firing Facility, Computational Electromagnetics: Codes and Capabilities, Ergonomics Research:Impact on Injuries, and The Linear Electric Motor: Instability at 1,000 g`s.

Accurate Ray-tracing of Realistic Neutron Star Atmospheres for Constraining Their Parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vincent, Frederic H.; Bejger, Michał; Różańska, Agata; Straub, Odele; Paumard, Thibaut; Fortin, Morgane; Madej, Jerzy; Majczyna, Agnieszka; Gourgoulhon, Eric; Haensel, Paweł; Zdunik, Leszek; Beldycki, Bartosz

2018-03-01

Thermal-dominated X-ray spectra of neutron stars in quiescent, transient X-ray binaries and neutron stars that undergo thermonuclear bursts are sensitive to mass and radius. The mass–radius relation of neutron stars depends on the equation of state (EoS) that governs their interior. Constraining this relation accurately is therefore of fundamental importance to understand the nature of dense matter. In this context, we introduce a pipeline to calculate realistic model spectra of rotating neutron stars with hydrogen and helium atmospheres. An arbitrarily fast-rotating neutron star with a given EoS generates the spacetime in which the atmosphere emits radiation. We use the LORENE/NROTSTAR code to compute the spacetime numerically and the ATM24 code to solve the radiative transfer equations self-consistently. Emerging specific intensity spectra are then ray-traced through the neutron star’s spacetime from the atmosphere to a distant observer with the GYOTO code. Here, we present and test our fully relativistic numerical pipeline. To discuss and illustrate the importance of realistic atmosphere models, we compare our model spectra to simpler models like the commonly used isotropic color-corrected blackbody emission. We highlight the importance of considering realistic model-atmosphere spectra together with relativistic ray-tracing to obtain accurate predictions. We also insist upon the crucial impact of the star’s rotation on the observables. Finally, we close a controversy that has been ongoing in the literature in the recent years, regarding the validity of the ATM24 code.

A Novel Approach to Synthesise a Dual-Mode Luminescent Composite Pigment for Uncloneable High-Security Codes to Combat Counterfeiting.

PubMed

Kanika; Kumar, Pawan; Singh, Satbir; Gupta, Bipin Kumar

2017-12-01

A strategy is demonstrated to protect valuable items, such as currency, pharmaceuticals, important documents, etc. against counterfeiting, by marking them with luminescent security codes. These luminescent security codes were printed by employing luminescent ink formulated from a cost effective dual-mode luminescent composite pigment of Gd 1.7 Yb 0.2 Er 0.1 O 3 and Zn 0.98 Mn 0.02 S phosphors using commercially available PVC Gold medium. In the composite, Gd 1.7 Yb 0.2 Er 0.1 O 3 and Zn 0.98 Mn 0.02 S account for upconversion and downconversion processes, respectively. The synthesis procedure of the composite involves the admixing of Gd 1.7 Yb 0.2 Er 0.1 O 3 nanorods and Zn 0.98 Mn 0.02 S phosphor, synthesised by hydrothermal and facile solid-state reaction methods, respectively. The structural, morphological, microstructural, and photoluminescent features of Gd 1.7 Yb 0.2 Er 0.1 O 3 nanorods, Zn 0.98 Mn 0.02 S phosphor and composite were characterised by using XRD, SEM, TEM, and photoluminescence (PL) techniques, respectively. The distribution of PL intensity of the printed pattern was examined by using confocal PL mapping microscopy. The obtained results reveal that security codes printed using ink formulated from this bi-luminescent composite pigment provide dual-stage security against counterfeiting. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

A 3D-CFD code for accurate prediction of fluid flows and fluid forces in seals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Athavale, M. M.; Przekwas, A. J.; Hendricks, R. C.

1994-01-01

Current and future turbomachinery requires advanced seal configurations to control leakage, inhibit mixing of incompatible fluids and to control the rotodynamic response. In recognition of a deficiency in the existing predictive methodology for seals, a seven year effort was established in 1990 by NASA's Office of Aeronautics Exploration and Technology, under the Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion program, to develop validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) concepts, codes and analyses for seals. The effort will provide NASA and the U.S. Aerospace Industry with advanced CFD scientific codes and industrial codes for analyzing and designing turbomachinery seals. An advanced 3D CFD cylindrical seal code has been developed, incorporating state-of-the-art computational methodology for flow analysis in straight, tapered and stepped seals. Relevant computational features of the code include: stationary/rotating coordinates, cylindrical and general Body Fitted Coordinates (BFC) systems, high order differencing schemes, colocated variable arrangement, advanced turbulence models, incompressible/compressible flows, and moving grids. This paper presents the current status of code development, code demonstration for predicting rotordynamic coefficients, numerical parametric study of entrance loss coefficients for generic annular seals, and plans for code extensions to labyrinth, damping, and other seal configurations.

An optimization program based on the method of feasible directions: Theory and users guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belegundu, Ashok D.; Berke, Laszlo; Patnaik, Surya N.

1994-01-01

The theory and user instructions for an optimization code based on the method of feasible directions are presented. The code was written for wide distribution and ease of attachment to other simulation software. Although the theory of the method of feasible direction was developed in the 1960's, many considerations are involved in its actual implementation as a computer code. Included in the code are a number of features to improve robustness in optimization. The search direction is obtained by solving a quadratic program using an interior method based on Karmarkar's algorithm. The theory is discussed focusing on the important and often overlooked role played by the various parameters guiding the iterations within the program. Also discussed is a robust approach for handling infeasible starting points. The code was validated by solving a variety of structural optimization test problems that have known solutions obtained by other optimization codes. It has been observed that this code is robust: it has solved a variety of problems from different starting points. However, the code is inefficient in that it takes considerable CPU time as compared with certain other available codes. Further work is required to improve its efficiency while retaining its robustness.

Cognitive Jointly Optimal Code-Division Channelization and Routing Over Cooperative Links

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-01

i List of Figures Fig. 1: Comparison between code-division channelization and FDM. Fig. 2: Secondary receiver SINR as a function of the iteration step...transmission percentage as a function of the number of active links under Cases rank(X′′) = 1 and > 1 (the study includes also the random code assignment...scheme); (b) Instantaneous output SINR of a primary signal against primary SINR-QoS threshold SINRthPU (thick line) and instanta- neous output SINR of

Envelope of Correlation Used with Deconvolution and Reconvolution to Remove the Direct Arrival in a Multipath Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-01

London - Amsterdam:Geophysical Press, 1984. 3 Dicus, Ronald L., "Impulse response estimation with underwater explosive charge acoustic signals," Journal of... Ronald N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978, pp 267-71. 6 Julius S. Bendat and Allan G. Pierson...Feuillade Code 212 Ted Kennedy L. Dolly Lee Code 240 Dr. Ron Wagstaff 833 Hancock Sq., Suite G Dr. Robert Farwell Bay St. Louis, MS 39520 Code 242 Roger

Observations on Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

9 v 1. INTRODUCTION Polar codes are a new type of forward error correction (FEC) codes, introduced by Arikan in [1], in which he...error correction (FEC) currently used and planned for use in Navy wireless communication systems. The project’s results from FY14 and FY15 are...good error- correction per- formance. We used the Tal/Vardy method of [5]. The polar encoder uses a row vector u of length N . Let uA be the subvector

Proceedings of the U.S. Army Symposium on Gun Dynamics (5th) Held in Rensselaerville, New York on 23-25 September 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-01

have shown that gun barrel heating, and hence thermal expansion , is both axially and circumferentially asymmetric. Circumferential, or cross-barrel...element code, which ended in the selection of ABAQUS . The code will perform static, dynamic, and thermal anal- ysis on a broad range of structures...analysis may be performed by a user supplied FORTRAN subroutine which is automatically linked to the code and supplements the stand- ard ABAQUS

Logistics Support Analysis Techniques Guide

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-15

LANGUAGE (DATA RECORDS) FORTRAN CDC 6600 D&V FSD P/D A H REMA-RKS: Program n-s-ists of F PLIATIffIONS, approx 4000 line of coding , 3 Safegard, AN/FSC... FORTRAN IV -EW-RAK9-- The model consz.sts of IT--k-LIC- I-U-0NS: approximately 367 lines of SiNCGARS, PERSHING II coding . %.’. ~ LSA TASK INTERFACE...system supported by Computer’ Systems Command. The current version of LADEN is coded totally in FORTRAN 󈧕 for virtual memory operating system

Combining Satellite Ocean Color Imagery and Circulation Modeling to Forecast Bio-Optical Properties: Comparison of Models and Advection Schemes

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-10-01

Director NCST E. R. Franchi , 7000 ^^M^4^k ro£— 4// 2^/s y Public Affairs (Unclassified/ Unlimited Only), Code 7030 4 Division, Code Author, Code...from the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS, Hogan and Rosmond, 1991) and assimilates data via the Navy Coupled Ocean...forecasts using Global , Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and northern Gulf of Mexico configurations of HYCOM. Proceedings, Ocean Optics XIX, Castelvecchio Pascoli

Introduction to the Security Engineering Risk Analysis (SERA) Framework

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-01

military aircraft has increased from 8% to 80%. At the same time, the size of software in military aircraft has grown from 1,000 lines of code in the F...4A to 1.7 million lines of code in the F-22. This growth trend is expected to con- tinue over time [NASA 2009]. As software exerts more control of...their root causes can be traced to the software’s requirements, architecture, design, or code . Studies have shown that the cost of addressing a software

Proceedings of the NASTRAN (Tradename) Users’ Colloquium (10th) Held in New Orleans, Louisiana on 13-14 May 1982

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-11-01

Service code exceeded operational code in the ratio of 10 : I. No redundant information was required. It was modular. Internal parts of the program...to NASA’s analyses. We were to try to find an existing finite element program of a quality that would be worth recommending to all NASA Centers. We...Distinct manuals were published for users, programmers, theory, and demonstration problems. 3 It abounded with service code to provide user conveniences

Aquarius Project: Research in the System Architecture of Accelerators for the High Performance Execution of Logic Programs.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-31

benchmarks ............ .... . .. .. . . .. 220 Appendix G : Source code of the Aquarius Prolog compiler ........ . 224 Chapter I Introduction "You’re given...notation, a tool that is used throughout the compiler’s implementation. Appendix F lists the source code of the C and Prolog benchmarks. Appendix G lists the...source code of the compilcr. 5 "- standard form Prolog / a-sfomadon / head umrvln Convert to tmeikernel Prol g vrans~fonaon 1symbolic execution

Joint Conference on Marine Safety and Environment/Ship Production (1st), held 1-5 June 1992

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-05

have to face fresh challenges in the future. But as long as we regard these challenges as opportunities, we will remain masters of our own destiny ...has recently published for discussion an “ Embryo Code of Practice” (1991) entitled “Engineers and Risk Issues”. Thii draft Code is intended to...Department of Energy5 Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Cm.1310. The Engineering Counci1 (1991) Engineers and Risk Issues : An Embryo Code of Practice. London

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Haghighat, A.; Sjoden, G.E.; Wagner, J.C.

In the past 10 yr, the Penn State Transport Theory Group (PSTTG) has concentrated its efforts on developing accurate and efficient particle transport codes to address increasing needs for efficient and accurate simulation of nuclear systems. The PSTTG's efforts have primarily focused on shielding applications that are generally treated using multigroup, multidimensional, discrete ordinates (S{sub n}) deterministic and/or statistical Monte Carlo methods. The difficulty with the existing public codes is that they require significant (impractical) computation time for simulation of complex three-dimensional (3-D) problems. For the S{sub n} codes, the large memory requirements are handled through the use of scratchmore » files (i.e., read-from and write-to-disk) that significantly increases the necessary execution time. Further, the lack of flexible features and/or utilities for preparing input and processing output makes these codes difficult to use. The Monte Carlo method becomes impractical because variance reduction (VR) methods have to be used, and normally determination of the necessary parameters for the VR methods is very difficult and time consuming for a complex 3-D problem. For the deterministic method, the authors have developed the 3-D parallel PENTRAN (Parallel Environment Neutral-particle TRANsport) code system that, in addition to a parallel 3-D S{sub n} solver, includes pre- and postprocessing utilities. PENTRAN provides for full phase-space decomposition, memory partitioning, and parallel input/output to provide the capability of solving large problems in a relatively short time. Besides having a modular parallel structure, PENTRAN has several unique new formulations and features that are necessary for achieving high parallel performance. For the Monte Carlo method, the major difficulty currently facing most users is the selection of an effective VR method and its associated parameters. For complex problems, generally, this process is very time consuming and may be complicated due to the possibility of biasing the results. In an attempt to eliminate this problem, the authors have developed the A{sup 3}MCNP (automated adjoint accelerated MCNP) code that automatically prepares parameters for source and transport biasing within a weight-window VR approach based on the S{sub n} adjoint function. A{sup 3}MCNP prepares the necessary input files for performing multigroup, 3-D adjoint S{sub n} calculations using TORT.« less

CFD Code Validation of Wall Heat Fluxes for a G02/GH2 Single Element Combustor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Jeff; West, Jeff S.; Williams, Robert W.; Tucker, P. Kevin

2005-01-01

This paper puts forth the case for the need for improved injector design tools to meet NASA s Vision for Space Exploration goals. Requirements for this improved tool are outlined and discussed. The potential for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to meet these requirements is noted along with its current shortcomings, especially relative to demonstrated solution accuracy. The concept of verification and validation is introduced as the primary process for building and quantifying the confidence necessary for CFD to be useful as an injector design tool. The verification and validation process is considered in the context of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Combustion Devices CFD Simulation Capability Roadmap via the Simulation Readiness Level (SRL) concept. The portion of the validation process which demonstrates the ability of a CFD code to simulate heat fluxes to a rocket engine combustor wall is the focus of the current effort. The FDNS and Loci-CHEM codes are used to simulate a shear coaxial single element G02/GH2 injector experiment. The experiment was conducted a t a chamber pressure of 750 psia using hot propellants from preburners. A measured wall temperature profile is used as a boundary condition to facilitate the calculations. Converged solutions, obtained from both codes by using wall functions with the K-E turbulence model and integrating to the wall using Mentor s baseline turbulence model, are compared to the experimental data. The initial solutions from both codes revealed significant issues with the wall function implementation associated with the recirculation zone between the shear coaxial jet and the chamber wall. The FDNS solution with a corrected implementation shows marked improvement in overall character and level of comparison to the data. With the FDNS code, integrating to the wall with Mentor s baseline turbulence model actually produce a degraded solution when compared to the wall function solution with the K--E model. The Loci-CHEM solution, produced by integrating to the wall with Mentor s baseline turbulence model, matches both the heat flux rise rate in the near injector region and the peak heat flux level very well. However, it moderately over predicts the heat fluxes downstream of the reattachment point. The Loci-CHEM solution achieved by integrating to the wall with Mentor s baseline turbulence model was clearly superior to the other solutions produced in this effort.

Presence of animal feeding operations and community socioeconomic factors impact salmonellosis incidence rates: An ecological analysis using data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2004-2010.

PubMed

Shaw, Kristi S; Cruz-Cano, Raul; Jiang, Chengsheng; Malayil, Leena; Blythe, David; Ryan, Patricia; Sapkota, Amy R

2016-10-01

Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp. are a leading cause of foodborne illness. Risk factors for salmonellosis include the consumption of contaminated chicken, eggs, pork and beef. Agricultural, environmental and socioeconomic factors also have been associated with rates of Salmonella infection. However, to our knowledge, these factors have not been modeled together at the community-level to improve our understanding of whether rates of salmonellosis are variable across communities defined by differing factors. To address this knowledge gap, we obtained data on culture-confirmed Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. Newport and S. Javiana cases (2004-2010; n=14,297) from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), and socioeconomic, environmental and agricultural data from the 2010 Census of Population and Housing, the 2011 American Community Survey, and the 2007 U.S. Census of Agriculture. We linked data by zip code and derived incidence rate ratios using negative binomial regressions. Multiple community-level factors were associated with salmonellosis rates; however, our findings varied by state. For example, in Georgia (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR)=1.01; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.005-1.015) Maryland (IRR=1.01; 95% CI=1.003-1.015) and Tennessee (IRR=1.01; 95% CI=1.002-1.012), zip codes characterized by greater rurality had higher rates of S. Newport infections. The presence of broiler chicken operations, dairy operations and cattle operations in a zip code also was associated with significantly higher rates of infection with at least one serotype in states that are leading producers of these animal products. For instance, in Georgia and Tennessee, rates of S. Enteritidis infection were 48% (IRR=1.48; 95% CI=1.12-1.95) and 46% (IRR=1.46; 95% CI=1.17-1.81) higher in zip codes with broiler chicken operations compared to those without these operations. In Maryland, New Mexico and Tennessee, higher poverty levels in zip codes were associated with higher rates of infection with one or more Salmonella serotypes. In Georgia and Tennessee, zip codes with higher percentages of the population composed of African Americans had significantly higher rates of infection with one or more Salmonella serotypes. In summary, our findings show that community-level agricultural, environmental and socioeconomic factors may be important with regard to rates of infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Newport and Javiana. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

CESAR: A Code for Nuclear Fuel and Waste Characterisation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vidal, J.M.; Grouiller, J.P.; Launay, A.

2006-07-01

CESAR (Simplified Evolution Code Applied to Reprocessing) is a depletion code developed through a joint program between CEA and COGEMA. In the late 1980's, the first use of this code dealt with nuclear measurement at the Laboratories of the La Hague reprocessing plant. The use of CESAR was then extended to characterizations of all entrance materials and for characterisation, via tracer, of all produced waste. The code can distinguish more than 100 heavy nuclides, 200 fission products and 100 activation products, and it can characterise both the fuel and the structural material of the fuel. CESAR can also make depletionmore » calculations from 3 months to 1 million years of cooling time. Between 2003-2005, the 5. version of the code was developed. The modifications were related to the harmonisation of the code's nuclear data with the JEF2.2 nuclear data file. This paper describes the code and explains the extensive use of this code at the La Hague reprocessing plant and also for prospective studies. The second part focuses on the modifications of the latest version, and describes the application field and the qualification of the code. Many companies and the IAEA use CESAR today. CESAR offers a Graphical User Interface, which is very user-friendly. (authors)« less

Mechanic: The MPI/HDF code framework for dynamical astronomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Słonina, Mariusz; Goździewski, Krzysztof; Migaszewski, Cezary

2015-01-01

We introduce the Mechanic, a new open-source code framework. It is designed to reduce the development effort of scientific applications by providing unified API (Application Programming Interface) for configuration, data storage and task management. The communication layer is based on the well-established Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard, which is widely used on variety of parallel computers and CPU-clusters. The data storage is performed within the Hierarchical Data Format (HDF5). The design of the code follows core-module approach which allows to reduce the user’s codebase and makes it portable for single- and multi-CPU environments. The framework may be used in a local user’s environment, without administrative access to the cluster, under the PBS or Slurm job schedulers. It may become a helper tool for a wide range of astronomical applications, particularly focused on processing large data sets, such as dynamical studies of long-term orbital evolution of planetary systems with Monte Carlo methods, dynamical maps or evolutionary algorithms. It has been already applied in numerical experiments conducted for Kepler-11 (Migaszewski et al., 2012) and νOctantis planetary systems (Goździewski et al., 2013). In this paper we describe the basics of the framework, including code listings for the implementation of a sample user’s module. The code is illustrated on a model Hamiltonian introduced by (Froeschlé et al., 2000) presenting the Arnold diffusion. The Arnold web is shown with the help of the MEGNO (Mean Exponential Growth of Nearby Orbits) fast indicator (Goździewski et al., 2008a) applied onto symplectic SABAn integrators family (Laskar and Robutel, 2001).

Technology Solutions Case Study: Southern Energy Homes, First DOE Zero Energy Ready Manufactured Home

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

The country’s first Zero Energy Ready manufactured home that is certified by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is up and running in Russellville, Alabama. The manufactured home was built by a partnership between Southern Energy Homes and the Advanced Residential Integrated Energy Solutions Collaborative (ARIES), which is a DOE Building America team. The effort was part of a three-home study including a standard-code manufactured home and an ENERGY STAR® manufactured home. Cooling-season results showed that the building used half the space-conditioning energy of a manufactured home built to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD’s) Manufactured Homemore » Construction and Safety Standards. These standards are known collectively as the HUD Code, which is the building standard for all U.S. manufactured housing.« less

Complete mitochondrial genome of the invasive brown alga Sargassum muticum (Sargassaceae, Phaeophyceae).

PubMed

Liu, Feng; Pang, Shaojun

2016-01-01

Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt is an invasive canopy-forming brown alga, expanding its presence from Northeast Asia to North America and Europe. The complete mitochondrial genome of S. muticum is characterized as a circular molecule of 34,720 bp. The overall AT content of S. muticum mitogenome is 63.41%. This mitogenome contains 65 genes typically found in brown algae, including 3 ribosomal RNA genes, 25 transfer RNA genes, 35 protein-coding genes, and 2 conserved open reading frames (ORFs). The gene order of mitogenome for S. muticum is identical to that for Sargassum horneri, Fucus vesiculosus and Desmarestia viridis. Phylogenetic analyses based on 35 protein-coding genes reveal that S. muticum has a close evolutionary relationship with S. horneri and a distant relationship with Dictyota dichotoma, supporting current taxonomic systems. The present investigation provides new molecular data for studies of S. muticum population diversity as well as comparative genomics in the Phaeophyceae.

Secure multiple access for indoor optical wireless communications with time-slot coding and chaotic phase.

PubMed

Liang, Tian; Wang, Ke; Lim, Christina; Wong, Elaine; Song, Tingting; Nirmalathas, Ampalavanapillai

2017-09-04

In this paper, we report a novel mechanism to simultaneously provide secure connections for multiple users in indoor optical wireless communication systems by employing the time-slot coding scheme together with chaotic phase sequence. The chaotic phase sequence is generated according to the logistic map and applied to each symbol to secure the transmission. Proof-of-concept experiments are carried out for multiple system capacities based on both 4-QAM and 16-QAM modulation formats, i.e. 1.25 Gb/s, 2 Gb/s and 2.5 Gb/s for 4-QAM, and 2.5 Gb/s, 3.33 Gb/s and 4 Gb/s for 16-QAM. Experimental results show that in all cases the added chaotic phase does not degrade the legitimate user's signal quality while the illegal user cannot detect the signal without the key.

Residus de 2-formes differentielles sur les surfaces algebriques et applications aux codes correcteurs d'erreurs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Couvreur, A.

2009-05-01

The theory of algebraic-geometric codes has been developed in the beginning of the 80's after a paper of V.D. Goppa. Given a smooth projective algebraic curve X over a finite field, there are two different constructions of error-correcting codes. The first one, called "functional", uses some rational functions on X and the second one, called "differential", involves some rational 1-forms on this curve. Hundreds of papers are devoted to the study of such codes. In addition, a generalization of the functional construction for algebraic varieties of arbitrary dimension is given by Y. Manin in an article of 1984. A few papers about such codes has been published, but nothing has been done concerning a generalization of the differential construction to the higher-dimensional case. In this thesis, we propose a differential construction of codes on algebraic surfaces. Afterwards, we study the properties of these codes and particularly their relations with functional codes. A pretty surprising fact is that a main difference with the case of curves appears. Indeed, if in the case of curves, a differential code is always the orthogonal of a functional one, this assertion generally fails for surfaces. Last observation motivates the study of codes which are the orthogonal of some functional code on a surface. Therefore, we prove that, under some condition on the surface, these codes can be realized as sums of differential codes. Moreover, we show that some answers to some open problems "a la Bertini" could give very interesting informations on the parameters of these codes.

Ratchetting in pressurized pipes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rider, R. J.; Harvey, S. J.; Charles, I. D.

1994-04-01

The plastic deformation of thin-walled cylinders has been experimentally examined for the loading conditions of +/- 1% axial strain with hoop stresses of approximately 0, 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the initial uniaxial yield stress. Two materials similar to those used in the pipework of PWR nuclear plant in the U.K. have been tested, namely 304S11 stainless steel and En6 low-carbon steel. The results of the tests were to be compared with the allowable stresses and deformations specified in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III. The code specifies that a prescribed combination of primary stresses must not exceed 1.5S(sub m), where S(sub m) is a stress value defined for each material. The results indicate that the limit of 1.5S(sub m) is excessively low for both materials and that in particular, the stainless steel could tolerate 5S(sub m). Although the En6 steel is more prone to ratchetting than the stainless steel, the results suggest that it too could tolerate a higher primary stress than the code allows. Both materials are shown to satisfy the proposed ASME ratchet strain limit of 5% hoop strain after 10 cycles of +/- 1% axial strain range, for any value of internal pressure.

Identification of differentially expressed small non-coding RNAs in the legume endosymbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti by comparative genomics

PubMed Central

del Val, Coral; Rivas, Elena; Torres-Quesada, Omar; Toro, Nicolás; Jiménez-Zurdo, José I

2007-01-01

Bacterial small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are being recognized as novel widespread regulators of gene expression in response to environmental signals. Here, we present the first search for sRNA-encoding genes in the nitrogen-fixing endosymbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti, performed by a genome-wide computational analysis of its intergenic regions. Comparative sequence data from eight related α-proteobacteria were obtained, and the interspecies pairwise alignments were scored with the programs eQRNA and RNAz as complementary predictive tools to identify conserved and stable secondary structures corresponding to putative non-coding RNAs. Northern experiments confirmed that eight of the predicted loci, selected among the original 32 candidates as most probable sRNA genes, expressed small transcripts. This result supports the combined use of eQRNA and RNAz as a robust strategy to identify novel sRNAs in bacteria. Furthermore, seven of the transcripts accumulated differentially in free-living and symbiotic conditions. Experimental mapping of the 5′-ends of the detected transcripts revealed that their encoding genes are organized in autonomous transcription units with recognizable promoter and, in most cases, termination signatures. These findings suggest novel regulatory functions for sRNAs related to the interactions of α-proteobacteria with their eukaryotic hosts. PMID:17971083

Surveying multidisciplinary aspects in real-time distributed coding for Wireless Sensor Networks.

PubMed

Braccini, Carlo; Davoli, Franco; Marchese, Mario; Mongelli, Maurizio

2015-01-27

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), where a multiplicity of sensors observe a physical phenomenon and transmit their measurements to one or more sinks, pertain to the class of multi-terminal source and channel coding problems of Information Theory. In this category, "real-time" coding is often encountered for WSNs, referring to the problem of finding the minimum distortion (according to a given measure), under transmission power constraints, attainable by encoding and decoding functions, with stringent limits on delay and complexity. On the other hand, the Decision Theory approach seeks to determine the optimal coding/decoding strategies or some of their structural properties. Since encoder(s) and decoder(s) possess different information, though sharing a common goal, the setting here is that of Team Decision Theory. A more pragmatic vision rooted in Signal Processing consists of fixing the form of the coding strategies (e.g., to linear functions) and, consequently, finding the corresponding optimal decoding strategies and the achievable distortion, generally by applying parametric optimization techniques. All approaches have a long history of past investigations and recent results. The goal of the present paper is to provide the taxonomy of the various formulations, a survey of the vast related literature, examples from the authors' own research, and some highlights on the inter-play of the different theories.

Coupling Legacy and Contemporary Deterministic Codes to Goldsim for Probabilistic Assessments of Potential Low-Level Waste Repository Sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mattie, P. D.; Knowlton, R. G.; Arnold, B. W.; Tien, N.; Kuo, M.

2006-12-01

Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia), a U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory, has over 30 years experience in radioactive waste disposal and is providing assistance internationally in a number of areas relevant to the safety assessment of radioactive waste disposal systems. International technology transfer efforts are often hampered by small budgets, time schedule constraints, and a lack of experienced personnel in countries with small radioactive waste disposal programs. In an effort to surmount these difficulties, Sandia has developed a system that utilizes a combination of commercially available codes and existing legacy codes for probabilistic safety assessment modeling that facilitates the technology transfer and maximizes limited available funding. Numerous codes developed and endorsed by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission and codes developed and maintained by United States Department of Energy are generally available to foreign countries after addressing import/export control and copyright requirements. From a programmatic view, it is easier to utilize existing codes than to develop new codes. From an economic perspective, it is not possible for most countries with small radioactive waste disposal programs to maintain complex software, which meets the rigors of both domestic regulatory requirements and international peer review. Therefore, re-vitalization of deterministic legacy codes, as well as an adaptation of contemporary deterministic codes, provides a creditable and solid computational platform for constructing probabilistic safety assessment models. External model linkage capabilities in Goldsim and the techniques applied to facilitate this process will be presented using example applications, including Breach, Leach, and Transport-Multiple Species (BLT-MS), a U.S. NRC sponsored code simulating release and transport of contaminants from a subsurface low-level waste disposal facility used in a cooperative technology transfer project between Sandia National Laboratories and Taiwan's Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) for the preliminary assessment of several candidate low-level waste repository sites. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE AC04 94AL85000.

Enhanced decoding for the Galileo S-band mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dolinar, S.; Belongie, M.

1993-01-01

A coding system under consideration for the Galileo S-band low-gain antenna mission is a concatenated system using a variable redundancy Reed-Solomon outer code and a (14,1/4) convolutional inner code. The 8-bit Reed-Solomon symbols are interleaved to depth 8, and the eight 255-symbol codewords in each interleaved block have redundancies 64, 20, 20, 20, 64, 20, 20, and 20, respectively (or equivalently, the codewords have 191, 235, 235, 235, 191, 235, 235, and 235 8-bit information symbols, respectively). This concatenated code is to be decoded by an enhanced decoder that utilizes a maximum likelihood (Viterbi) convolutional decoder; a Reed Solomon decoder capable of processing erasures; an algorithm for declaring erasures in undecoded codewords based on known erroneous symbols in neighboring decodable words; a second Viterbi decoding operation (redecoding) constrained to follow only paths consistent with the known symbols from previously decodable Reed-Solomon codewords; and a second Reed-Solomon decoding operation using the output from the Viterbi redecoder and additional erasure declarations to the extent possible. It is estimated that this code and decoder can achieve a decoded bit error rate of 1 x 10(exp 7) at a concatenated code signal-to-noise ratio of 0.76 dB. By comparison, a threshold of 1.17 dB is required for a baseline coding system consisting of the same (14,1/4) convolutional code, a (255,223) Reed-Solomon code with constant redundancy 32 also interleaved to depth 8, a one-pass Viterbi decoder, and a Reed Solomon decoder incapable of declaring or utilizing erasures. The relative gain of the enhanced system is thus 0.41 dB. It is predicted from analysis based on an assumption of infinite interleaving that the coding gain could be further improved by approximately 0.2 dB if four stages of Viterbi decoding and four levels of Reed-Solomon redundancy are permitted. Confirmation of this effect and specification of the optimum four-level redundancy profile for depth-8 interleaving is currently being done.

SoAx: A generic C++ Structure of Arrays for handling particles in HPC codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Homann, Holger; Laenen, Francois

2018-03-01

The numerical study of physical problems often require integrating the dynamics of a large number of particles evolving according to a given set of equations. Particles are characterized by the information they are carrying such as an identity, a position other. There are generally speaking two different possibilities for handling particles in high performance computing (HPC) codes. The concept of an Array of Structures (AoS) is in the spirit of the object-oriented programming (OOP) paradigm in that the particle information is implemented as a structure. Here, an object (realization of the structure) represents one particle and a set of many particles is stored in an array. In contrast, using the concept of a Structure of Arrays (SoA), a single structure holds several arrays each representing one property (such as the identity) of the whole set of particles. The AoS approach is often implemented in HPC codes due to its handiness and flexibility. For a class of problems, however, it is known that the performance of SoA is much better than that of AoS. We confirm this observation for our particle problem. Using a benchmark we show that on modern Intel Xeon processors the SoA implementation is typically several times faster than the AoS one. On Intel's MIC co-processors the performance gap even attains a factor of ten. The same is true for GPU computing, using both computational and multi-purpose GPUs. Combining performance and handiness, we present the library SoAx that has optimal performance (on CPUs, MICs, and GPUs) while providing the same handiness as AoS. For this, SoAx uses modern C++ design techniques such template meta programming that allows to automatically generate code for user defined heterogeneous data structures.

A novel Morse code-inspired method for multiclass motor imagery brain-computer interface (BCI) design.

PubMed

Jiang, Jun; Zhou, Zongtan; Yin, Erwei; Yu, Yang; Liu, Yadong; Hu, Dewen

2015-11-01

Motor imagery (MI)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) allow disabled individuals to control external devices voluntarily, helping us to restore lost motor functions. However, the number of control commands available in MI-based BCIs remains limited, limiting the usability of BCI systems in control applications involving multiple degrees of freedom (DOF), such as control of a robot arm. To address this problem, we developed a novel Morse code-inspired method for MI-based BCI design to increase the number of output commands. Using this method, brain activities are modulated by sequences of MI (sMI) tasks, which are constructed by alternately imagining movements of the left or right hand or no motion. The codes of the sMI task was detected from EEG signals and mapped to special commands. According to permutation theory, an sMI task with N-length allows 2 × (2(N)-1) possible commands with the left and right MI tasks under self-paced conditions. To verify its feasibility, the new method was used to construct a six-class BCI system to control the arm of a humanoid robot. Four subjects participated in our experiment and the averaged accuracy of the six-class sMI tasks was 89.4%. The Cohen's kappa coefficient and the throughput of our BCI paradigm are 0.88 ± 0.060 and 23.5bits per minute (bpm), respectively. Furthermore, all of the subjects could operate an actual three-joint robot arm to grasp an object in around 49.1s using our approach. These promising results suggest that the Morse code-inspired method could be used in the design of BCIs for multi-DOF control. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

TRAC posttest calculations of Semiscale Test S-06-3. [PWR

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ireland, J.R.; Bleiweis, P.B.

A comparison of Transient Reactor Analysis Code (TRAC) steady-state and transient results with Semiscale Test S-06-3 (US Standard Problem 8) experimental data is discussed. The TRAC model used employs fewer mesh cells than normal data comparison models so that TRAC's ability to obtain reasonable results with less computer time can be assessed. In general, the TRAC results are in good agreement with the data and the major phenomena found in the experiment are reproduced by the code with a substantial reduction in computing times.

The LENS Facilities and Experimental Studies to Evaluate the Modeling of Boundary Layer Transition, Shock/Boundary Layer Interaction, Real Gas, Radiation and Plasma Phenomena in Contemporary CFD Codes

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

Layer Interaction, Real Gas, Radiation and Plasma Phenomena in Contemporary CFD Codes Michael S. Holden, PhD CUBRC , Inc. 4455 Genesee Street Buffalo...NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) CUBRC , Inc. 4455 Genesee Street Buffalo, NY 14225, USA 8. PERFORMING...HyFly Navy EMRG Reentry-F Slide 2 X-43 HIFiRE-2 Figure 17: Transition in Hypervelocity Flows: CUBRC Focus – Fully Duplicated Ground Test

Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Composites With Z-Pins-Damage Validation of Z-Pin Reinforced Co-Cured Composite Laminates

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

there it is a computer implementation of the method just introduced. It uses Scilab ® programming language, and the Young modulus is calculated as final...laminate without Z-pins, its thickness, lamina stacking sequence and lamina’s engineering elastic constants, the second Scilab ® code can be used to find...EL thickness, the second Scilab ® code is employed once again; this time, though, a new Young’s modulus estimate would be produced. On the other hand