75 FR 64316 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-19

... Review Branch, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda..., PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001... Research Related to Neurological Disorders; 93.854, Biological Basis Research in the Neurosciences...

75 FR 22818 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-30

..., Scientific Review Branch, NIH/NINDS/Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda..., Scientific Review Branch, NIH/NINDS/Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda... Research in the Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: April 28, 2010. Jennifer Spaeth...

Scientific integrity memorandum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Showstack, Randy

2009-03-01

U.S. President Barack Obama signed a presidential memorandum on 9 March to help restore scientific integrity in government decision making. The memorandum directs the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy to develop a strategy within 120 days that ensures that "the selection of scientists and technology professionals for science and technology positions in the executive branch is based on those individuals' scientific and technological knowledge, credentials, and experience; agencies make available to the public the scientific or technological findings or conclusions considered or relied upon in policy decisions; agencies use scientific and technological information that has been subject to well-established scientific processes such as peer review; and agencies have appropriate rules and procedures to ensure the integrity of the scientific process within the agency, including whistleblower protection."

Social and Economic Analysis Branch: integrating policy, social, economic, and natural science

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schuster, Rudy; Walters, Katie D.

2015-01-01

The Fort Collins Science Center's Social and Economic Analysis Branch provides unique capabilities in the U.S. Geological Survey by leading projects that integrate social, behavioral, economic, and natural science in the context of human–natural resource interactions. Our research provides scientific understanding and support for the management and conservation of our natural resources in support of multiple agency missions. We focus on meeting the scientific needs of the Department of the Interior natural resource management bureaus in addition to fostering partnerships with other Federal and State managers to protect, restore, and enhance our environment. The Social and Economic Analysis Branch has an interdisciplinary group of scientists whose primary functions are to conduct both theoretical and applied social science research, provide technical assistance, and offer training to support the development of skills in natural resource management activities. Management and research issues associated with human-resource interactions typically occur in a unique context and require knowledge of both natural and social sciences, along with the skill to integrate multiple science disciplines. In response to these challenging contexts, Social and Economic Analysis Branch researchers apply a wide variety of social science concepts and methods which complement our rangeland/agricultural, wildlife, ecology, and biology capabilities. The goal of the Social and Economic Analysis Branch's research is to enhance natural-resource management, agency functions, policies, and decisionmaking.

The marine biological week as an approach to science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ransdorf, Angela; Satzinger, Viktoria

2017-04-01

The "Wiedner Gymnasium" is an academic high school with two branches: one focusses on languages and the other one on science. In the language branch the students learn at least three languages; one of which is Latin, whereas the students of the scientific branch can learn geometrical drawing and have to attend a scientific laboratory throughout the last four upper classes. As incentive highlights the language classes have a one week's school trip to France, Italy or Spain at the beginning of their 7th form in order to attend a language school and to practice their language skills. As a counterbalance, there was introduced the "marine biological week" several years ago, in which the students of the scientific branch take part whilst their colleagues have their language trips. The marine biological week takes place in Rovinj, Croatia. A team of biologists and divers leads through a programme, by which the students get an overview of different habitats, their conditions and the different ways of adaptation organisms find. Thus, they also become acquainted with several species of animals and plants which are characteristic for this area. They become familiar with some methods of scientific work and also get to know some of the problems marine ecosystems are confronted with. They also learn a little bit if the Mediterranean history and culture. Back in school all the findings are reviewed and brought into an ecological context. The insights can be used for many other topics, too, such as e.g. evolution. This week has proved to be a good start as well for the topic of ecology as for learning to think scientifically in general. So, you can call it a pivot for the scientific branch of our school.

Development and Evaluation of Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory Scales to Measure Interests of Military Occupational Specialties of the Marine Corps.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-08-01

though the two groups were different in terms of SC!I scientific interests and academic orientation scores (the aviation supply sample scored higher on...51 Chemists/Physicists 50 MARINE OFFICERS- COMUNICATION 49 MARINE OFFICERS-DATA SYSTEMS 48 Engineers 47 Biologists 46 Systems Analysts/Computer...Base ( Scientific and Technical Information Office) Commander, Air Force Human Resources Laboratory, Lowry Air Force Base (Technical Training Branch

Strategy of Irrigation Branch in Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeyliger, A.; Ermolaeva, O.

2012-04-01

At this moment, at the starting time of the program on restoration of a large irrigation in Russia till 2020, the scientific and technical community of irrigation branch does not have clear vision on how to promote a development of irrigated agriculture and without repeating of mistakes having a place in the past. In many respects absence of a vision is connected to serious backlog of a scientific and technical and informational and technological level of development of domestic irrigation branch from advanced one. Namely such level of development is necessary for the resolving of new problems in new conditions of managing, and also for adequate answers to new challenges from climate and degradation of ground & water resources, as well as a rigorous requirement from an environment. In such important situation for irrigation branch when it is necessary quickly generate a scientific and technical politics for the current decade for maintenance of translation of irrigated agriculture in the Russian Federation on a new highly effective level of development, in our opinion, it is required to carry out open discussion of needs and requirements as well as a research for a adequate solutions. From political point of view a framework organized in FP6 DESIRE 037046 project is an example of good practice that can serve as methodical approach how to organize and develop such processes. From technical point of view a technology of operational management of irrigation at large scale presents a prospective alternative to the current type of management based on planning. From point of view ICT operational management demands creation of a new platform for the professional environment of activity. This platform should allow to perceive processes in real time, at their partial predictability on signals of a straight line and a feedback, within the framework of variability of decision making scenarious, at high resolution and the big ex-awning of sensor controls and the gauges supervising parameters of system, fast proper response to changes in behaviour of controlled system, and all this on a firm support on the creative professional approach of the staff to execution of the professional duties. Development of such professional environment cannot be solved for a short time interval and within the framework of several projects, and will demand the interconnected and purposeful actions directed on extensive information - technological development of administrative and operational segments of irrigation branch. For this purpose it is necessary to develop, create and use the interconnected elements of information - technological developments shown by us in four directions and entitled: 1) Technologies; 2) Infrastructure; 3) Staff; 4) Tools. These four elements will be discussed in a contribution.

Ethical muscle and scientific interests: a role for philosophy in scientific research.

PubMed

Kaposy, Chris

2008-03-01

Ethics, a branch of philosophy, has a place in the regulatory framework of human subjects research. Sometimes, however, ethical concepts and arguments play a more central role in scientific activity. This can happen, for example, when violations of research norms are also ethical violations. In such a situation, ethical arguments can be marshaled to improve the quality of the scientific research. I explore two different examples in which philosophers and scientists have used ethical arguments to plead for epistemological improvements in the conduct of research. The first example deals with research dishonesty in pharmaceutical development. The second example is concerned with neuropsychological research using fMRI technology.

Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch: Research Overview

EPA Science Inventory

The Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch, Newport, Oregon is part of the Western Ecology Division of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. EPA. The Branch conducts research and provides scientific technical support to Headquarters and Regional O...

75 FR 2878 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-19

..., Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, 6116... Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute... Ahmad, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

75 FR 10295 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-05

... G. Lovinger, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division of... Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, 6116 Executive Boulevard, Room 7142... and Referral Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 6116 Executive...

The Toy model: Understanding the early universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisher, Peter H.; Price, Richard H.

2018-04-01

In many branches of science, progress is being made by taking advantage of insights from other branches of science. Cosmology, the structure and evolution of the universe, is certainly an area that is currently beset by problems in understanding. We show here that the scientific insights from the studies of early childhood development, in particular, those of Piaget, give a new way of looking at the early universe. This new approach can not only be invaluable in undergraduate teaching, but can even be the basis of semi-quantitative predictions.

Soviet Developments in Weather Modification, Climate Modification, and Climatology

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-09-01

48-55. n 3. Mikhaylov, Yu. P. The environmental impact on the taiga geosystems of the diversion of northern river runoff. (VI th...expanded session of the Scientific Council of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences on the complex reclamation of taiga territories

[Conceptual foundations of creation of branch database of technology and intellectual property rights owned by scientific institutions, organizations, higher medical educational institutions and enterprises of healthcare sphere of Ukraine].

PubMed

Horban', A Ie

2013-09-01

The question of implementation of the state policy in the field of technology transfer in the medical branch to implement the law of Ukraine of 02.10.2012 No 5407-VI "On Amendments to the law of Ukraine" "On state regulation of activity in the field of technology transfers", namely to ensure the formation of branch database on technology and intellectual property rights owned by scientific institutions, organizations, higher medical education institutions and enterprises of healthcare sphere of Ukraine and established by budget are considered. Analysis of international and domestic experience in the processing of information about intellectual property rights and systems implementation support transfer of new technologies are made. The main conceptual principles of creation of this branch database of technology transfer and branch technology transfer network are defined.

42 CFR 52h.5 - Conflict of interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS SCIENTIFIC PEER REVIEW OF RESEARCH GRANT APPLICATIONS AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT PROJECTS § 52h.5 Conflict of interest. (a... Government Ethics Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch (5 CFR part 2635), and...

Examination of the Attitudes of Preschool Teacher Candidates and Teacher Candidates in Other Branches towards Scientific Research in Terms of Some Variables

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ekici, Fatma Yasar

2017-01-01

The main objective of this study is to examine the attitudes of preschool teacher candidates and teacher candidates in other branches towards scientific research in terms of some variables. Survey method was used. The study group consists of 547 teacher candidates studying in education faculty of a private university in the spring term of…

What Are Common Symptoms of Pheochromocytoma?

MedlinePlus

... of Legislation and Public Policy (OLPP) Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA) Division of Extramural Research (DER) Extramural Scientific Branches Grants Management Branch (GMB) Office of Committee Management ( ...

What Are the Symptoms of Pituitary Tumors?

MedlinePlus

... of Legislation and Public Policy (OLPP) Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA) Division of Extramural Research (DER) Extramural Scientific Branches Grants Management Branch (GMB) Office of Committee Management ( ...

How Do People Cope with Muscular Dystrophy?

MedlinePlus

... of Legislation and Public Policy (OLPP) Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA) Division of Extramural Research (DER) Extramural Scientific Branches Grants Management Branch (GMB) Office of Committee Management ( ...

What Are Common Treatments for Turner Syndrome?

MedlinePlus

... of Legislation and Public Policy (OLPP) Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA) Division of Extramural Research (DER) Extramural Scientific Branches Grants Management Branch (GMB) Office of Committee Management ( ...

AGU President's Message: Obama Administration's Commitment to Scientific Integrity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McPhaden, Michael J.

2011-01-01

In March 2009, President Barack Obama issued a memorandum on the subject of scientific integrity in which he stated emphatically, 'Science and the scientific process must inform and guide decisions of my Administration on a wide range of issues, including improvement of public health, protection of the environment, increased efficiency in the use of energy and other resources, mitigation of the threat of climate change, and protection of national security.” The president charged John Holdren, director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), with developing specific recommendations “for ensuring the highest level of integrity in all aspects of the executive branch's involvement with scientific and technological processes.” On Friday, 17 December, OSTP released federal department and agency guidelines for implementing the administration’s policies on scientific integrity.

[Ways of appearing new branches in medicine in the years 1800-1914. An attempt at formulation of an issue].

PubMed

Urbanek, Bozena

2009-01-01

A process of appearing medical branches lasted for many centuries. Its origins can be found already in long-ago civilizations. However, the comprehensive development of knowledge on the turn of the 18th century, its transmission by the press, professional contacts, including the foreign ones, brought about the consciousness of needs and activities in medical circles. A significant role in the process of appearing particular domains was played by technological progress. The inventions improved on cognitive processes within natural sciences and quickened exploring the new truths that were also employed in medical care. All these achievements of the 19th century, in Author's opinion, resulted in the significant development of particular domains called branches that nowadays are commonly accepted. Among medical and important for the development of separate branches one often mentions the achievements of pathological anatomy, and even bacteriology, which influenced the beginnings of medical analytic and development of diagnostics. Moreover, the progress of therapy in the years 1840-1870 brought about modern methods of getting pharmaceutical remedies and ways of using medicaments. The knowledge together with experiences let prepare description of particular diseases. There was also created a scientific workshop and methodological tactic, which was distinct for separate cases of illnesses. A great role was played by statistics and different ways of registering particulars, also by means of photography. Bibliography and scientific literature were to transmit and compare the knowledge. All these circumstances show the intricacy of the discussed issue. Additionally, the described conditions reveal the importance of other reasons that played a significant role in setting up separate specialization-non-medical reasons of social, economic or political nature. The last ones have not been analyzed inherently by us. What interesting, in some countries and especially in Anglo-Saxon lands, the non-medical reasons have been a significant subject of historical interests and studies already since the half of the 1940s. Also the Author's article is treating on them.

Validating concepts of mental disorder: precedents from the history of science.

PubMed

Miller, Robert

2014-10-01

A fundamental issue in any branch of the natural sciences is validating the basic concepts for use in that branch. In psychiatry, this issue has not yet been resolved, and indeed, the proper nature of the problem has scarcely been recognised. As a result, psychiatry (or at least those parts of the discipline which aspire to scientific status) still cannot claim to be a part of scientific medicine, or to be incorporated within the common language of the natural sciences. While this creates difficulties within the discipline, and its standing in relation to other branches of medicine, it makes it an exciting place for "frontiersmen" (and women). This is one of the key growing points in the natural science tradition. In this essay, which moves from the early history of that tradition to today's debates in scientific psychiatry, I give my views about how these fundamental issues can move towards resolution.

News and Events - Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch

Cancer.gov

The latest news from the Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch and the Alliance, as well as upcoming and past events attended by the Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branchstaff, and relevant upcoming scientific meetings.

European Scientific Notes. Volume 39, Number 1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

the ~JAN 29 198E Office of Naval Research Branch Office, S Lonidon~ This docuiment is issued primarily for the information of U.S. Government ... German Researcher ....................................... Thomas C. Rozzell 6 A West German researcher has developed a new interactive model for...Compatibility ............ Thomas C. Rozzell 30 New Computer Journals ........................................ C.J. Holland 30 Science Newsbriefs

Genomic Sciences for Developmentalists: A Merge of Science and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grigorenko, Elena L.

2015-01-01

The etiological forces of development have been a central question for the developmental sciences (however defined) since their crystallization as a distinct branch of scientific inquiry. Although the history of these sciences contains examples of extreme positions capitalizing on either the predominance of the genome (i.e., the accumulation of…

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, EKO: Economics & Organization of Industrial Production, No. 10, October 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-29

pecially "cost-accounting" ones) do not so much control enterprises as grow together with them and give them protection in gaining group advantage...important document points out that the state standards of the SRPP should contain the following groups : general provisions; scientific research work... research institutes and design bureaus of their branch, 1—from scientific research institutes and design bureaus of other branches, and 1—from the

Developing Structure-Property Relationships in Branched Wormlike Micelles via Advanced Rheological and Neutron Scattering Techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calabrese, Michelle A.

Surfactant wormlike micelles (WLMs) are of particular scientific interest due to their ability to branch, break, and reform under shear, which can lead to shear banding flow instabilities. The tunable self-assembly of WLMs makes them ubiquitous in applications ranging from consumer products to energy recovery fluids. Altering the topology of WLMs by inducing branching provides a microstructural pathway to design and optimize the flow properties for such targeted applications. The goal of this thesis is to understand the role of micellar branching on the resulting equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties, while advancing instrumentation and analysis methods in rheology and neutron scattering. The degree of branching in the mixed cationic/anionic surfactant solutions is controlled by the addition of sodium tosylate. The equilibrium properties are characterized via small angle neutron scattering (SANS), linear viscoelastic rheology, neutron spin echo, and dynamic light scattering. Combining rheology with spatiotemporally-resolved SANS enables unambiguous identification of non-equilibrium rheological and scattering signatures of branching and shear banding. The nonlinear WLM response is characterized via flow-SANS under steady shear, shear startup, and large amplitude oscillatory shear. New methods of time-resolved data analysis are developed, which improve experimental resolution by several-fold. Shear-induced orientation is a complex function of branching level, radial position, and deformation type. The structural mechanisms behind shear band formation are elucidated for steady and dynamic flows, which depend on branching level. Shear banding disappears at high branching levels for all deformation types. These responses are used to validate constitutive modeling predictions of dynamic shear banding for the first time. Finally, quantitative metrics to predict shear banding from rheology or flow-induced orientation are developed. Together, advanced rheological and neutron techniques provide a platform for creating structure-property relationships that predict flow and structural phenomena in WLMs and other soft materials. These methods have enabled characteristic differences in linear versus branched WLMs to be determined. This research is part of a broader effort to characterize branching in polymers and self-assembled systems, and may aid in the formulation of WLMs for specific applications. Finally, this work provides a basis for testing and developing microstructure-based constitutive equations that incorporate micellar breakage and branching.

Diagnosis and treatment of posterior sacroiliac complex pain: a systematic review with comprehensive analysis of the published data.

PubMed

King, Wade; Ahmed, Shihab U; Baisden, Jamie; Patel, Nileshkumar; Kennedy, David J; Duszynski, Belinda; MacVicar, John

2015-02-01

To assess the evidence on the validity of sacral lateral branch blocks and the effectiveness of sacral lateral branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy in managing sacroiliac complex pain. Systematic review with comprehensive analysis of all published data. Six reviewers searched the literature on sacral lateral branch interventions. Each assessed the methodologies of studies found and the quality of the evidence presented. The outcomes assessed were diagnostic validity and effectiveness of treatment for sacroiliac complex pain. The evidence found was appraised in accordance with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system of evaluating scientific evidence. The searches yielded two primary publications on sacral lateral branch blocks and 15 studies of the effectiveness of sacral lateral branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy. One study showed multisite, multidepth sacral lateral branch blocks can anesthetize the posterior sacroiliac ligaments. Therapeutic studies show sacral lateral branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy can relieve sacroiliac complex pain to some extent. The evidence of the validity of these blocks and the effectiveness of this treatment were rated as moderate in accordance with the GRADE system. The literature on sacral lateral branch interventions is sparse. One study demonstrates the face validity of multisite, multidepth sacral lateral branch blocks for diagnosis of posterior sacroiliac complex pain. Some evidence of moderate quality exists on therapeutic procedures, but it is insufficient to determine the indications and effectiveness of sacral lateral branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy, and more research is required. Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PREFACE: VI International Scientific Practical Conference on Innovative Technologies and Economics in Engineering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chinakhov, Dmitry A.

2015-09-01

In these conference proceedings we present papers from the 6th International Scientific Practical Conference on Innovation Technology and Economics in Engineering held at the Yurga Institute of Technology branch of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University from 21st - 23rd May 2015. The proceedings contain the selected scientific reports submitted to the conference. Having started in 1996, the scientific conference at the Yurga Institute of Technology branch of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University acquired international status in 2010. This year, scholars from Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, China, Germany and Poland have submitted their papers to the conference. The scientific reports published in these proceedings have been revised and approved by the editorial team of the conference. All of the reports exhibit clear, concise, and precise expositions that appeal to a broad international readership interested in mechanical engineering, welding, metallurgy, materials science as well as in computer-aided manufacturing and economics. The reports present original ideas or results of general significance supported by clear reasoning and compelling evidence, and employ methods, theories and practices relevant to the research. The authors state clearly the questions and the significance of their research to theory and practice, describe how the research contributes to new knowledge, and provide tables and figures that meaningfully add to the narrative. The organizing committee of the conference thanks all the participants for their fruitful work and personal contribution to the development of these conference proceedings.

Biomedical Scientific and Professional Social Networks in the Service of the Development of Modern Scientific Publishing.

PubMed

Masic, Izet; Begic, Edin

2016-12-01

Information technologies have found their application in virtually every branch of health care. In recent years they have demonstrated their potential in the development of online library, where scientists and researchers can share their latest findings. Academia.edu, ResearchGate, Mendeley, Kudos, with the support of platform GoogleScholar, have indeed increased the visibility of scientific work of one author, and enable a much greater availability of the scientific work to the broader audience. Online libraries have allowed free access to the scientific content to the countries that could not follow the economic costs of getting access to certain scientific bases. Especially great benefit occurred in countries in transition and developing countries. Online libraries have great potential in terms of expanding knowledge, but they also present a major problem for many publishers, because their rights can be violated, which are signed by the author when publishing the paper. In the future it will lead to a major conflict of the author, the editorial board and online database, about the right to scientific content This question certainly represents one of the most pressing issues of publishing, whose future in printed form is already in the past, and the future of the online editions will be a problem of large-scale.

Biomedical Scientific and Professional Social Networks in the Service of the Development of Modern Scientific Publishing

PubMed Central

Masic, Izet; Begic, Edin

2016-01-01

Information technologies have found their application in virtually every branch of health care. In recent years they have demonstrated their potential in the development of online library, where scientists and researchers can share their latest findings. Academia.edu, ResearchGate, Mendeley, Kudos, with the support of platform GoogleScholar, have indeed increased the visibility of scientific work of one author, and enable a much greater availability of the scientific work to the broader audience. Online libraries have allowed free access to the scientific content to the countries that could not follow the economic costs of getting access to certain scientific bases. Especially great benefit occurred in countries in transition and developing countries. Online libraries have great potential in terms of expanding knowledge, but they also present a major problem for many publishers, because their rights can be violated, which are signed by the author when publishing the paper. In the future it will lead to a major conflict of the author, the editorial board and online database, about the right to scientific content This question certainly represents one of the most pressing issues of publishing, whose future in printed form is already in the past, and the future of the online editions will be a problem of large-scale. PMID:28077905

PUBLICATIONS (AIR POLLUTION TECHNOLOGY BRANCH, AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Air Pollution Technology Branch (APTB) of NRMRL's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division produces and publishes highly specialized technical and scientific documents related to APTB's research. Areas of research covered include artificial intelligence, CFC destruction,...

76 FR 29772 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Review of Conferences and Scientific Meetings with an..., PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and...

75 FR 12769 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-17

..., PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific Review Program, NIAID/ NIH/DHHS... . (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation...

76 FR 10383 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-24

...-Hariri, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific Review Program, DHHS/ NIH... . (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation...

77 FR 12605 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

... Feili-Hariri, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific Review Program....gov . (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and...

78 FR 25754 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-02

.... Contact Person: Janice B Allen, Ph.D., Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division....142, NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Health and Safety Training; 93.143, NIEHS Superfund Hazardous...

Aquatics Systems Branch: transdisciplinary research to address water-related environmental problems

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dong, Quan; Walters, Katie D.

2015-01-01

The Aquatic Systems Branch at the Fort Collins Science Center is a group of scientists dedicated to advancing interdisciplinary science and providing science support to solve water-related environmental issues. Natural resource managers have an increasing need for scientific information and stakeholders face enormous challenges of increasing and competing demands for water. Our scientists are leaders in ecological flows, riparian ecology, hydroscape ecology, ecosystem management, and contaminant biology. The Aquatic Systems Branch employs and develops state-of-the-science approaches in field investigations, laboratory experiments, remote sensing, simulation and predictive modeling, and decision support tools. We use the aquatic experimental laboratory, the greenhouse, the botanical garden and other advanced facilities to conduct unique research. Our scientists pursue research on the ground, in the rivers, and in the skies, generating and testing hypotheses and collecting quantitative information to support planning and design in natural resource management and aquatic restoration.

75 FR 26968 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-13

...: Gerald G. Lovinger, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division of...: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place: Legacy Hotel and Meeting Center, 1775 Rockville..., Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, NIH...

1997 JOURNAL ARTICLES FROM LRPCD (TREATMENT AND DESTRUCTION BRANCH, LAND REMEDIATION AND POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division (LRPCD) produces and publishes highly technical and scientific documents relating to TDB's research. TDB conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment research. The res...

1996 JOURNAL ARTICLES FROM LRPCD (TREATMENT AND DESTRUCTION BRANCH, LAND REMEDIATION AND POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division (LRPCD) produces and publishes highly technical and scientific articles relating to TDB's research. TDB conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment research. The rese...

2000 JOURNAL ARTICLES FROM LRPCD (TREATMENT AND DESTRUCTION BRANCH, LAND REMEDIATION AND POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division (LRPCD)produces and publishes highly specialized technical and scientific documents relating to TDB's research. TDB conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment resear...

1998 JOURNAL ARTICLES FROM LRPCD (TREATMENT AND DESTRUCTION BRANCH, LAND REMEDIATION AND POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division (LRPCD) produces and publishes highly technical and scientific documents relating to TDB's research. TDB conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment research. The res...

1999 JOURNAL ARTICLES FROM LRPCD (TREATMENT AND DESTRUCTION BRANCH, LAND REMEDIATION AND POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

The Treatment and Destruction Branch (TDB) of NRMRL's Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division (LRPCD) produces and publishes highly technical and scientific documents relating to TDB's research. TDB conducts bioremediation and physical/chemical treatment research. The res...

77 FR 28613 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-15

... Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 6116 Executive Blvd., Suite.... Contact Person: Savvas C. Makrides, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Special Review and Logistics Branch..., Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology...

78 FR 28234 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-14

...: Caterina Bianco, MD, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of... Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute....396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers Support; 93.398, Cancer Research Manpower; 93.399...

78 FR 68856 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-15

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... Nakamura, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research...-402-0838. [[Page 68857

Modeling Change in Large-Scale Longitudinal Studies of Educational Growth: Four Decades of Contributions to the Assessment of Educational Growth. ETC R&D Scientific and Policy Contributions Series. ETS SPC-12-01. Research Report No. RR-12-04

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rock, Donald A.

2012-01-01

This paper provides a history of ETS's role in developing assessment instruments and psychometric procedures for measuring change in large-scale national assessments funded by the Longitudinal Studies branch of the National Center for Education Statistics. It documents the innovations developed during more than 30 years of working with…

Modeling Change in Large-Scale Longitudinal Studies of Educational Growth: Four Decades of Contributions to the Assessment of Educational Growth. Research Report. ETS RR-12-04. ETS R&D Scientific and Policy Contributions Series. ETS SPC-12-01

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rock, Donald A.

2012-01-01

This paper provides a history of ETS's role in developing assessment instruments and psychometric procedures for measuring change in large-scale national assessments funded by the Longitudinal Studies branch of the National Center for Education Statistics. It documents the innovations developed during more than 30 years of working with…

77 FR 12318 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... Research in Integrative Cancer Biology and the Tumor Microenvironment. Date: March 20, 2012. Time: 8 a.m... Review Officer, Special Review & Logistics Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer...: Ilda M McKenna, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Research Training Review Branch, Division of...

77 FR 35990 - National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

... Craniofacial Research Special Emphasis Panel; Molecular Characterization of Salivary Tumors RFA: R01 and R21...: Jayalakshmi Raman, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental...

77 FR 70791 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-27

..., (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Carol J. Goter-Robinson, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer... 20037. Contact Person: Carol J. Goter-Robinson, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA...

Bibliography of Soviet Laser Developments, No. 21, July - September 1975

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-01-15

Conference en the Physics of ^he Interaction of Optical Radiation -A/ith Condensed \\!edia, Leningrad, 12-15 November 1974. Summaries of the reports...tekhmki), 210. Institute of Physics , Siberian Branch, AN SSSR ( Institut fiziki SOAN). 211. Kalinin Polytechnic Institute (Kalininakiy...S<ale Scientif.c Research Institute of Radio (C jsudarstvennyv Nil radio), JOJ. L’vov Brancn of Msmernatical Physics of the Institute of

78 FR 8155 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-05

...; NCI Omnibus Cancer Biology 1. Date: March 11-12, 2013. Time: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Agenda: To review..., Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, NIH..., MD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities...

75 FR 21640 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-26

..., Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, 6116....D., PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural... & Tissue Biology P01. Date: May 26-28, 2010. Time: 5 p.m. to 5 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant...

76 FR 14675 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2011-03-17

... Biology. Date: May 16-18, 2011. Time: 4 p.m. to 5 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications... Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 6116 Executive Boulevard, Room.... Wirth, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

75 FR 5093 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2010-02-01

... Review Branch, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001... Research in the Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: January 25, 2010. Jennifer Spaeth...

77 FR 8268 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-14

... Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center... Disorders; 93.854, Biological Basis Research in the Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated...

78 FR 26379 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

... Methodological Research for Cancer Epidemiology Cohorts. Date: June 25, 2013. Time: 11:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m... Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National Cancer Institute... Person: David G. Ransom, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of...

76 FR 12125 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-04

..., Bethesda, MD 20892. (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Carol J. Goter-Robinson, PhD, Scientific...: Carol J. Goter-Robinson, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes...

Evolutionary tree design: An exploratory study of the influence of linear versus branching format on visitors' interpretation and understanding across age groups

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

MacDonald, Teresa Elise

This exploratory study sought to investigate the influence of tree graphic design---specifically linear versus branching depictions of taxa---on visitors in three different age groups (aged 11-13, 14-18, adults) interpretation and understanding using a multiple-case study strategy. The findings from this research indicate that linear and branched depictions elicit qualitatively different narratives and explanations about the relationships between the taxa in all age groups. Branched tree graphics support scientifically appropriate explanations of evolutionary relationships, i.e. that taxa are related via shared or common ancestry; while linear representations reinforce intuitive interpretations of ancestor-descendant or anagenic relationships. Furthermore, differences in the language used for linear and branched trees suggests that there is a spectrum within an analogy of developmental change that is thought to serve as a transitional concept between intuitive and scientific understanding--with 'evolved from' for branched depictions of taxa representing a shift towards an interpretation of shared ancestry rather than an individual transformation from one thing into another. In addition, branched graphics appear to support the correct reading and interpretation of shared or common ancestry in tree diagrams. Mixed reasoning was common and overall reasoning patterns were broadly similar among participants in all age groups, however, older youth (aged 14 to 18) and adults often provided more detail in their explanations and sometimes included references to evolutionary ideas such as variation, inheritance and selection.

Aeronautical education and research at the Swiss Institute of Technology in Zurich

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karner, L; Ackeret, J

1931-01-01

Progress in the scientific and practical fields of aviation has caused the Swiss Institute of Technology to organize lectures and practical training courses in all three branches of aeronautics and to found centers of scientific research, laboratories, etc., in order to supply the government and industries with scientifically and technically trained engineers.

78 FR 38065 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-25

... meeting. The meeting will be closed to the public in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections.... Contact Person: Charles H Washabaugh, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, NIAMS...

75 FR 157 - National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-04

... Grant. Date: January 28, 2010. Time: 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications... Call.) Contact Person: Sheo Singh, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division...

Generalized Method for the User Evaluation of Purchased Information Services. Report Number Three; Monthly Report (October 1 to November 30, 1975).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Homer J.

Four case histories were studied in an on-going project to develop a method for user selection of purchased scientific and technical information services. The issues involved were: (1) the value of computer search services to a small branch of a company technical library; (2) the special decision-making factors used for selecting items of very…

Defense AT and L. Volume 45, Issue 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-01

and government organizations. She currently is a senior research analyst for the MCBL Science and Technology Branch at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas...core functionality and interface design. Analysts from the Army S&T and MC user communities participated, including MCBL, Army Research Laboratory...Mica R. Endsley, Ph.D. Programs can use the 60-year foundation of scientific research and engineering in the field of human factors to develop robust

75 FR 58409 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-24

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial... Kelly, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, [[Page 58410

77 FR 59933 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research....D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute...

78 FR 107 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-02

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... evaluate grant applications. Place: National Human Genome Research Institute, 3rd Floor Conference Room....D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute...

Decibel: The Relational Dataset Branching System

PubMed Central

Maddox, Michael; Goehring, David; Elmore, Aaron J.; Madden, Samuel; Parameswaran, Aditya; Deshpande, Amol

2017-01-01

As scientific endeavors and data analysis become increasingly collaborative, there is a need for data management systems that natively support the versioning or branching of datasets to enable concurrent analysis, cleaning, integration, manipulation, or curation of data across teams of individuals. Common practice for sharing and collaborating on datasets involves creating or storing multiple copies of the dataset, one for each stage of analysis, with no provenance information tracking the relationships between these datasets. This results not only in wasted storage, but also makes it challenging to track and integrate modifications made by different users to the same dataset. In this paper, we introduce the Relational Dataset Branching System, Decibel, a new relational storage system with built-in version control designed to address these shortcomings. We present our initial design for Decibel and provide a thorough evaluation of three versioned storage engine designs that focus on efficient query processing with minimal storage overhead. We also develop an exhaustive benchmark to enable the rigorous testing of these and future versioned storage engine designs. PMID:28149668

75 FR 11188 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis Panel; Beeson Meeting...: William Cruce, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, National Institute on Aging, Scientific Review Branch...

76 FR 28793 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-18

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial Research....nih.gov . Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Special Emphasis...

75 FR 52537 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-26

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial... Kelly, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial...

75 FR 19984 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-16

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome..., National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 5635 Fishers Lane, Suite 4075... Nakamura, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research...

75 FR 63844 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-18

... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Toxicology Training Using Systems- Based Technology. Date... Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Contact Person: Leroy Worth, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat. Institute of Environmental...

77 FR 60706 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-04

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research Institute Special.... Nakamura, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research...

77 FR 30019 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-21

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Virtual Consortium for Translational/Transdisciplinary.... Contact Person: Janice B Allen, Ph.D., Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division...

Human-Machine Teams: The Social Frontier

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Trust & Interaction Branch December 2015 Interim Report Distribution A. Approved for public release AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY 711TH HUMAN...711th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory This report is published in the interest of scientific and technical information exchange... Research Laboratory 711th Human Performance Wing Human Effectiveness Directorate Human Centered ISR Division Human Trust & Interaction Branch Wright

Branching Search

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eliazar, Iddo

2017-12-01

Search processes play key roles in various scientific fields. A widespread and effective search-process scheme, which we term Restart Search, is based on the following restart algorithm: i) set a timer and initiate a search task; ii) if the task was completed before the timer expired, then stop; iii) if the timer expired before the task was completed, then go back to the first step and restart the search process anew. In this paper a branching feature is added to the restart algorithm: at every transition from the algorithm's third step to its first step branching takes place, thus multiplying the search effort. This branching feature yields a search-process scheme which we term Branching Search. The running time of Branching Search is analyzed, closed-form results are established, and these results are compared to the coresponding running-time results of Restart Search.

77 FR 59199 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-26

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial...., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial, Research...

76 FR 79202 - National Institute Of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2011-12-21

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute Of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and.... Krishnaraju, Ph.D., MS, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental...

76 FR 5184 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2011-01-28

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research...

77 FR 8268 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2012-02-14

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial...., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research...

75 FR 58409 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2010-09-24

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research...

75 FR 39547 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2010-07-09

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research...

78 FR 39740 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2013-07-02

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial...., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research...

76 FR 57061 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-15

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial...). Contact Person: Mary Kelly, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental...

78 FR 67178 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-08

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and...-Hoon, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and...

76 FR 35223 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-16

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research Institute Special... Person: Rudy O. Pozzatti, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome...

75 FR 52538 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-26

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research Institute Special... Person: Ken D. Nakamura, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome...

77 FR 4572 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-30

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Review of Conferences and Scientific Meetings with an..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat. Institute of Environmental...

76 FR 26311 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-06

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Biomarkers Indicative of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Date: June 1..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat...

76 FR 58521 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-21

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Superfund Hazardous Substance Research and Training Program. Date.... Allen, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research...

78 FR 8156 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-05

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Environmental Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Studies of Environmental Agents to Induce Immunotoxicity... McGee, Associate Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

PREFACE: Rusnanotech 2010 International Forum on Nanotechnology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kazaryan, Konstantin

2011-03-01

The Rusnanotech 2010 International Forum on Nanotechnology was held from November 1-3, 2010, in Moscow, Russia. It was the third forum organized by RUSNANO (Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies) since 2008. In March 2011 RUSNANO was established as an open joint-stock company through the reorganization of the state corporation Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies. RUSNANO's mission is to develop the Russian nanotechnology industry through co-investment in nanotechnology projects with substantial economic potential or social benefit. Within the framework of the Forum Science and Technology Program, presentations on key trends of nanotechnology development were given by foreign and Russian scientists, R&D officers of leading international companies, universities and scientific centers. The science and technology program of the Forum was divided into eight sections as follows (by following hyperlinks you may find each section's program including videos of all oral presentations): Catalysis and Chemical Industry Nanobiotechnology Nanodiagnostics Nanoelectronics Nanomaterials Nanophotonics Nanotechnolgy In The Energy Industry Nanotechnology in Medicine The scientific program of the forum included 115 oral presentations by leading scientists from 15 countries. Among them in the "Nanomaterials" section was the lecture by Dr Konstantin Novoselov, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2010. The poster session consisted of over 500 presentations, 300 of which were presented in the framework of the young scientists' nanotechnology papers competition. This volume of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series includes a selection of 57 submissions. The scientific program committee: Prof Zhores Alferov, AcademicianVice-president of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nobel Prize winner, Russia, Chairman of the Program CommitteeProf Sergey Deev, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of SciencesHead of the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, M M Shemyakin and Yu A Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Deputy Chairman of the Program CommitteeProf Alexander Aseev, AcademicianVice-president of Russian Academy of Sciences Director, A V Rzhanov-Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Sergey Bagaev, AcademicianDirector, Institute of Laser Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Alexander Gintsburg, Ademician, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesDirector Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, RussiaProf Anatoly Grigoryev, Academician, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesVice-president, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, RussiaProf Michael Kovalchuk, RAS Corresponding MemberDirector, Kurchatov Institute Russian Scientific Center, RussiaProf Valery Lunin, AcademicianDean, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RussiaProf Valentin Parmon, Academician, DirectorBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Rem Petrov, AcademicianAdvisor, Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Konstantin Skryabin, AcademicianDirector, Bioinzheneriya Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Vsevolod Tkachuk, Academician, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesDean, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RussiaProf Vladimir Fortov, AcademicianDirector, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Alexey Khokhlov, AcademicianVice Principal, Head of Innovation, Information and International Scientific Affairs Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RussiaProf Valery Bukhtiyarov, RAS Corresponding MemberDirector, Physicochemical Research Methods Dept., Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Anatoly Dvurechensky, RAS Corresponding MemberDeputy Director, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Vladimir Kvardakov, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of SciencesExecutive Director, Kurchatov Center of Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, RussiaProf Edward Son, Corresponding member of Russian Academy of SciencesScientific Deputy Director, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaProf Andrey GudkovSenior Vice President, Basic Science Chairman, Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, USAProf Robert NemanichChair, Department of Physics, Arizona State University, USAProf Kandlikar SatishProfessor, Rochester Institute of Technology, USAProf Xiang ZhangUC Berkeley, Director of NSF Nano-scale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), USAProf Andrei ZvyaginProfessor, Macquarie University, AustraliaProf Sergey KalyuzhnyDirector of the Scientific and Technological Expertise Department, RUSNANO, RussiaKonstantin Kazaryan, PhDExpert of the Scientific and Technological Expertise Department, RUSNANO, Russia, Program Committee SecretarySimeon ZhavoronkovHead of Nanotechnology Programs Development Office, Rusnanotech Forum Fund for the Nanotechnology Development, Russia Editors of the proceedings: Section "Nanoelectronics" - Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Anatoly Dvurechenskii (Institute of Semiconductor Physics, RAS).Section "Nanophotonics" - Professor Vasily Klimov (Institute of Physics, RAS).Section "Nanodiagnostics" - Professor P Kashkarov (Russian Scientific Center, Kurchatov Institute).Section "Nanotechnology for power engineering" - Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Eduard Son (Joint Institute for High Temperatures, RAS).Section "Catalysis and chemical industry" - Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Valentin Parmon (Institute of Catalysis SB RAS).Section "Nanomaterials" - E Obraztsova, PhD (Institute of Physics, RAS), Marat Gallamov PhD (Moscow State University).Section "Nanotechnology in medicine" - Denis Logunov, PhD (Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, RAMS).Section "Nanobiotechnology" - Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Konstantin Skryabin (Bioengineering Center, RAS), Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Rem Petrov (RAS), Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Sergey Deev (Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry).

Current status of biotechnology in Slovakia.

PubMed

Stuchlík, Stanislav; Turna, Ján

2013-07-01

The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: 'Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.' In other words biotechnology is 'application of scientific and technical advances in life science to develop commercial products' or briefly 'the use of molecular biology for useful purposes'. This short overview is about different branches of biotechnology carried out in Slovakia and it shows that Slovakia has a good potential for further development of modern biotechnologies. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The ERA-EDTA today and tomorrow: a progress document by the ERA-EDTA Council.

PubMed

Zoccali, Carmine; Arici, Mustafa; Blankestijn, Peter J; Bruchfeld, Annette; Capasso, Giovambattista; Fliser, Danilo; Fouque, Denis; Goumenos, Dimitrios; Ketteler, Markus; Malyszko, Jolanta; Massy, Ziad; Rychlík, Ivan; Spasovski, Goce

2018-05-23

Scientific societies are increasingly seen as central to the advancement of information sharing and collaboration among scientists and clinical investigators for the progress of medical research and the promotion of education, professional competence, integrity and quality studies. To more effectively serve the practicing nephrologists and investigators dedicated to renal science, the Council of the European Renal Association and European Dialysis and Transplantation Association (ERA-EDTA) reorganized and integrated the various activities of the society into two branches, the Clinical Nephrology Governance branch and the Renal Science branch. New affordable initiatives to promote research, education and professional development and to advocate for the recognition of chronic kidney disease as a major public health issue at the European level will be put in place and/or potentiated in the new organizational frame. Educational initiatives will be espoused to Continuous Professional Development and, starting from 2019, 14 Education & Continuous Professional Development courses will be held covering the full range of knowledge areas of modern nephrology. Consolidation and development is the short- and medium-term mantra of the ERA-EDTA. The society has a rich portfolio of successful activities and brilliant, creative scientists among its members. Integrating the various activities of the ERA-EDTA and treasuring the expertise and wisdom of its most accomplished members will facilitate collaborative research, education and its public impact at large.

Professional Scientific Blog

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beke, Tamás

2009-01-01

The professional blog is a weblog that on the whole meets the requirements of scientific publication. In my opinion it bears a resemblance to digital notice boards, where the competent specialists of the given branch of science can place their ideas, questions, possible solutions and can raise problems. Its most important function can be…

77 FR 6812 - National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-09

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and... Raman, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and...

75 FR 26762 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-12

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... Dental and Craniofacial Research Special Emphasis Panel; RFA (DE-10-003). Date: June 7, 2010. Time: 8:30..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial Research...

75 FR 2150 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... Dental and Craniofacial Research Special Emphasis Panel; Review R13. Date: February 19, 2010. Time: 2 p.m...: Mary Kelly, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst. of Dental...

76 FR 5183 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-28

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act.... Krishnaraju, PhD, MS, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst. of Dental...

75 FR 75373 - Conduct of Employees and Former Employees; Exemption From Post-Employment Restrictions for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-03

...; Exemption From Post- Employment Restrictions for Communications Furnishing Scientific or Technological... of the executive branch may obtain approval from DOE to make communications to DOE solely for the... communications to DOE solely for the purpose of furnishing scientific or technological information during the...

75 FR 68367 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-05

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, E -Learning Hazmat and Emergency Response. Date: December 7, 2010...: Janice B Allen, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

76 FR 13650 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-14

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Deepwater Horizon Disaster Research Consortia: Impacts on Human... Worth, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and...

78 FR 13358 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-27

... Environmental Health Sciences Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel Research Careers in Environmental Health. Date: March 19, 2013... Conference Call). Contact Person: Linda K Bass, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division...

76 FR 46308 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-02

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Environmental Health Sciences Review... Person: Linda K Bass, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of...

77 FR 16844 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-22

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Oceans, Great Lakes, and Human Health Review Meeting. Date: April...., Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat...

78 FR 4423 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Neurological Sciences Training... 20037. Contact Person: Raul A. Saavedra, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch... Disorders and Stroke Initial Review Group; Neurological Sciences and Disorders B. Date: February 21-22, 2013...

75 FR 20371 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-19

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; R21 Exploratory Research Grant Award. Date: May 5, 2010. Time: 2... Worth, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research...

78 FR 39739 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Environmental Health Sciences Review...: Linda K Bass, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

75 FR 45133 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-02

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Oil Dispersants Toxicity. Date: August 18, 2010. Time: 1 p.m. to..., Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat...

77 FR 60445 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-03

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Review of Worker Safety Training. Date: October 24, 2012. Time... B Allen, Ph.D., Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural...

76 FR 62080 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-06

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Environmental Health Sciences Review... Person: Linda K Bass, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of...

78 FR 59944 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Programs in Superfund and Related Sites. Date: October 23-25...., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, National...

77 FR 37423 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-21

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Support for Conferences and Scientific Meetings. Date: July 17..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat. Institute of Environmental...

76 FR 9587 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-18

..., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd..., NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda, MD 20892-9529..., Clinical Research Related to Neurological Disorders; 93.854, Biological Basis Research in the Neurosciences...

[Croatian Medical Association--Branch Slavonski Brod].

PubMed

Mahovne, Zvonimir

2014-01-01

The branch of the Croatian Medical Association in Slav. Brod was founded in 1953. The economic and social progress in subsequent years led to the increased number of health institutions, health professionals and owing to their activity to better health care. The branch survived very difficult war years from 1991 to 1995. Our members treated thousands of wounded and ill and gave the best of their skill and humanity. In the last decade our members took part in educational and scientific activities of School of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek.

Innovating Chinese Herbal Medicine: From Traditional Health Practice to Scientific Drug Discovery.

PubMed

Gu, Shuo; Pei, Jianfeng

2017-01-01

As one of the major contemporary alternative medicines, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) continues its influence in Chinese communities and has begun to attract the academic attention in the world of western medicine. This paper aims to examine Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), the essential branch of TCM, from both narrative and scientific perspectives. CHM is a traditional health practice originated from Chinese philosophy and religion, holding the belief of holism and balance in the body. With the development of orthodox medicine and science during the last centuries, CHM also seized the opportunity to change from traditional health practice to scientific drug discovery illustrated in the famous story of the herb-derived drug artemisinin. However, hindered by its culture and founding principles, CHM faces the questions of the research paradigm posed by the convention of science. To address these questions, we discussed two essential questions concerning the relationship of CHM and science, and then upheld the paradigm of methodological reductionism in scientific research. Finally, the contemporary narrative of CHM in the 21st century was discussed in the hope to preserve this medical tradition in tandem with scientific research.

77 FR 32651 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-01

... meetings. The meetings will be closed to the public in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections...). Contact Person: Charles H Washabaugh, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National... applications. Place: Bethesda Marriott, 5151 Pooks Hill Road, Bethesda, MD 20814. Contact Person: Charles N...

[Financing of the scientific publication and protection of the scientific knowledge].

PubMed

Oliveira Filho, Renato Santos de; Hochman, Bernardo; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan; Ferreira, Lydia Masako

2005-01-01

The main purpose of a study is its publication on a scientific journal. Research financing agencies are important institutions so that studies can be developed and published. The most important research financing agencies that are discussed in this article are: "Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior" (CAPES), "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico" (CNPq) and "Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo" (FAPESP). CAPES' activities can be grouped in four different strategy lines: a) it evaluates the stricto sensu, at the post-graduation level; b) it provides access and development of scientific research; c) it provides investment on the development of high qualified human resources in Brazil and abroad, and d) it promotes international scientific cooperation. Although CAPES does not support directly scientific publications, almost all actions of this agency contribute to the development of scientific research and publication. CNPq has two main purposes: financing researches and development of human resources. It provides the researchers with financial aid to scientific publication. The grants for editing were specifically created for supporting the national scientific and technical publications edited by Brazilians institutions or societies. CNPq can also support Congresses, Symposiums and similar short-term courses. The Plataforma Lattes is also a branch of CNPq on which the Curriculum Lattes is available. This site has the curriculum vitae of the scientific community and is of great value for researchers. FAPESP also finances journal publications, articles and books that bring up original results of studies made by researchers from the state of São Paulo. It finances, partially, the travel expenses of innovative papers authors in meetings within the country or abroad. Brazilian authors are increasing the number of international publications. Universities, research institutes, financing agencies and private companies are more and more concerned with knowledge property. Researchers must understand the need of knowledge property and the financing agencies have to consider the patents achieved as a criteria of evaluation of scientific production.

IRIDE: Interdisciplinary research infrastructure based on dual electron linacs and lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferrario, M.; Alesini, D.; Alessandroni, M.; Anania, M. P.; Andreas, S.; Angelone, M.; Arcovito, A.; Arnesano, F.; Artioli, M.; Avaldi, L.; Babusci, D.; Bacci, A.; Balerna, A.; Bartalucci, S.; Bedogni, R.; Bellaveglia, M.; Bencivenga, F.; Benfatto, M.; Biedron, S.; Bocci, V.; Bolognesi, M.; Bolognesi, P.; Boni, R.; Bonifacio, R.; Boscherini, F.; Boscolo, M.; Bossi, F.; Broggi, F.; Buonomo, B.; Calo, V.; Catone, D.; Capogni, M.; Capone, M.; Cassou, K.; Castellano, M.; Castoldi, A.; Catani, L.; Cavoto, G.; Cherubini, N.; Chirico, G.; Cestelli-Guidi, M.; Chiadroni, E.; Chiarella, V.; Cianchi, A.; Cianci, M.; Cimino, R.; Ciocci, F.; Clozza, A.; Collini, M.; Colo, G.; Compagno, A.; Contini, G.; Coreno, M.; Cucini, R.; Curceanu, C.; Curciarello, F.; Dabagov, S.; Dainese, E.; Davoli, I.; Dattoli, G.; De Caro, L.; De Felice, P.; De Leo, V.; Dell Agnello, S.; Della Longa, S.; Delle Monache, G.; De Spirito, M.; Di Cicco, A.; Di Donato, C.; Di Gioacchino, D.; Di Giovenale, D.; Di Palma, E.; Di Pirro, G.; Dodaro, A.; Doria, A.; Dosselli, U.; Drago, A.; Dupraz, K.; Escribano, R.; Esposito, A.; Faccini, R.; Ferrari, A.; Filabozzi, A.; Filippetto, D.; Fiori, F.; Frasciello, O.; Fulgentini, L.; Gallerano, G. P.; Gallo, A.; Gambaccini, M.; Gatti, C.; Gatti, G.; Gauzzi, P.; Ghigo, A.; Ghiringhelli, G.; Giannessi, L.; Giardina, G.; Giannini, C.; Giorgianni, F.; Giovenale, E.; Giulietti, D.; Gizzi, L.; Guaraldo, C.; Guazzoni, C.; Gunnella, R.; Hatada, K.; Iannone, M.; Ivashyn, S.; Jegerlehner, F.; Keeffe, P. O.; Kluge, W.; Kupsc, A.; Labate, L.; Levi Sandri, P.; Lombardi, V.; Londrillo, P.; Loreti, S.; Lorusso, A.; Losacco, M.; Lukin, A.; Lupi, S.; Macchi, A.; Magazù, S.; Mandaglio, G.; Marcelli, A.; Margutti, G.; Mariani, C.; Mariani, P.; Marzo, G.; Masciovecchio, C.; Masjuan, P.; Mattioli, M.; Mazzitelli, G.; Merenkov, N. P.; Michelato, P.; Migliardo, F.; Migliorati, M.; Milardi, C.; Milotti, E.; Milton, S.; Minicozzi, V.; Mobilio, S.; Morante, S.; Moricciani, D.; Mostacci, A.; Muccifora, V.; Murtas, F.; Musumeci, P.; Nguyen, F.; Orecchini, A.; Organtini, G.; Ottaviani, P. L.; Pace, C.; Pace, E.; Paci, M.; Pagani, C.; Pagnutti, S.; Palmieri, V.; Palumbo, L.; Panaccione, G. C.; Papadopoulos, C. F.; Papi, M.; Passera, M.; Pasquini, L.; Pedio, M.; Perrone, A.; Petralia, A.; Petrarca, M.; Petrillo, C.; Petrillo, V.; Pierini, P.; Pietropaolo, A.; Pillon, M.; Polosa, A. D.; Pompili, R.; Portoles, J.; Prosperi, T.; Quaresima, C.; Quintieri, L.; Rau, J. V.; Reconditi, M.; Ricci, A.; Ricci, R.; Ricciardi, G.; Ricco, G.; Ripani, M.; Ripiccini, E.; Romeo, S.; Ronsivalle, C.; Rosato, N.; Rosenzweig, J. B.; Rossi, A. A.; Rossi, A. R.; Rossi, F.; Rossi, G.; Russo, D.; Sabatucci, A.; Sabia, E.; Sacchetti, F.; Salducco, S.; Sannibale, F.; Sarri, G.; Scopigno, T.; Sekutowicz, J.; Serafini, L.; Sertore, D.; Shekhovtsova, O.; Spassovsky, I.; Spadaro, T.; Spataro, B.; Spinozzi, F.; Stecchi, A.; Stellato, F.; Surrenti, V.; Tenore, A.; Torre, A.; Trentadue, L.; Turchini, S.; Vaccarezza, C.; Vacchi, A.; Valente, P.; Venanzoni, G.; Vescovi, S.; Villa, F.; Zanotti, G.; Zema, N.; Zobov, M.; Zomer, F.

2014-03-01

This paper describes the scientific aims and potentials as well as the preliminary technical design of IRIDE, an innovative tool for multi-disciplinary investigations in a wide field of scientific, technological and industrial applications. IRIDE will be a high intensity "particles factory", based on a combination of high duty cycle radio-frequency superconducting electron linacs and of high energy lasers. Conceived to provide unique research possibilities for particle physics, for condensed matter physics, chemistry and material science, for structural biology and industrial applications, IRIDE will open completely new research possibilities and advance our knowledge in many branches of science and technology. IRIDE is also supposed to be realized in subsequent stages of development depending on the assigned priorities.

Fort Collins Science Center: Policy Analysis and Science Assistance

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lamb, Berton L.

2004-01-01

PASA's mission is to integrate biological, social, and economic research so that resource managers can use the resulting information to make informed decisions and resolve resource management conflicts. PASA scientists pursue and conduct scientific analyses that help agencies and Native American tribes to (1) identify impending policy controversies and areas where social and natural science research is needed to address future policy questions; (2) develop methods and approaches to assist researchers in preparing scientific evidence; (3) assess habitat alteration in a manner consistent with policy needs; and (4) evaluate policy options. Branch scientists also evaluate policy options (e.g., effects of different land treatments, fish and wildlife management practices, or visitor/recreation management practices) in response to specific questions faced by policymakers and managers.

CHRONICLE: Third International Symposium on Modern Optics, Budapest, September 1988

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bukhenskiĭ, M. F.; Nikitin, P. I.; Semenov, A. S.

1989-07-01

The Third International Symposium on Modern Optics (Optics-88), held in Budapest on 13-16 September 1988, was organized by the Hungarian Optical, Acoustic, and Cinematographic Society with the support of the International Commission on Optics and various scientific and industrial organizations in Hungary. The International Symposium Committee was composed of leading specialists from 11 countries in Asia, America, and Europe with A. M. Prokhorov (USSR) and N. Kroo (Hungary) as Co-chairmen. The purpose of this regular symposium is to summarize the scientific and technical progress underlying the developments in optics itself, discuss the branches of science where progress depends on optical methods in devices, and draw the attention of specialists to the most promising trends which should yield results in the immediate future.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids.

PubMed

Yamamoto, Keisuke; Tsuchisaka, Atsunari; Yukawa, Hideaki

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), viz., L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine, are essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized in higher organisms and are important nutrition for humans as well as livestock. They are also valued as synthetic intermediates for pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the demand for BCAAs in the feed and pharmaceutical industries is increasing continuously. Traditional industrial fermentative production of BCAAs was performed using microorganisms isolated by random mutagenesis. A collection of these classical strains was also scientifically useful to clarify the details of the BCAA biosynthetic pathways, which are tightly regulated by feedback inhibition and transcriptional attenuation. Based on this understanding of the metabolism of BCAAs, it is now possible for us to pursue strains with higher BCAA productivity using rational design and advanced molecular biology techniques. Additionally, systems biology approaches using augmented omics information help us to optimize carbon flux toward BCAA production. Here, we describe the biosynthetic pathways of BCAAs and their regulation and then overview the microorganisms developed for BCAA production. Other chemicals, including isobutanol, i.e., a second-generation biofuel, can be synthesized by branching the BCAA biosynthetic pathways, which are also outlined.

The U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Science Center

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kestay, Laszlo P.; Vaughan, R. Greg; Gaddis, Lisa R.; Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.; Hagerty, Justin J.

2017-07-17

In 1960, Eugene Shoemaker and a small team of other scientists founded the field of astrogeology to develop tools and methods for astronauts studying the geology of the Moon and other planetary bodies. Subsequently, in 1962, the U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Astrogeology was established in Menlo Park, California. In 1963, the Branch moved to Flagstaff, Arizona, to be closer to the young lava flows of the San Francisco Volcanic Field and Meteor Crater, the best preserved impact crater in the world. These geologic features of northern Arizona were considered good analogs for the Moon and other planetary bodies and valuable for geologic studies and astronaut field training. From its Flagstaff campus, the USGS has supported the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space program with scientific and cartographic expertise for more than 50 years.

Designing Dendrimer and Miktoarm Polymer Based Multi-Tasking Nanocarriers for Efficient Medical Therapy.

PubMed

Sharma, Anjali; Kakkar, Ashok

2015-09-17

To address current complex health problems, there has been an increasing demand for smart nanocarriers that could perform multiple complimentary biological tasks with high efficacy. This has provoked the design of tailor made nanocarriers, and the scientific community has made tremendous effort in meeting daunting challenges associated with synthetically articulating multiple functions into a single scaffold. Branched and hyper-branched macromolecular architectures have offered opportunities in enabling carriers with capabilities including location, delivery, imaging etc. Development of simple and versatile synthetic methodologies for these nanomaterials has been the key in diversifying macromolecule based medical therapy and treatment. This review highlights the advancement from conventional "only one function" to multifunctional nanomedicine. It is achieved by synthetic elaboration of multivalent platforms in miktoarm polymers and dendrimers by physical encapsulation, covalent linking and combinations thereof.

Synthesis and Electrophoretic Properties of Novel Nanoparticles for Colored Electronic Ink and e-Paper Applications.

PubMed

Jablonski, Christelle; Grundler, Gerhard; Pieles, Uwe; Stebler, Simon; Oehrlein, Reinhold; Szamel, Zbigniew

2016-01-01

A new approach based on non-pigmented, stable colored nanoparticles able to migrate upon application of an electrical field (10-60 V) has been developed for the improvement of the color brightness of e-displays. The scientific challenges comprised the development of efficient syntheses of tri- and bifunctional dendrimers including branching points for further extension and individual decoration with dye (yellow, magenta, cyan). The covalent attachment of these scaffolds to silica nanoparticles was performed via hydrosilylation and final in situ charging generated attractive silica shells for the substractive CMY color space model.

75 FR 54892 - National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-09

... Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Special Emphasis Panel; P30 Review. Date: October 1, 2010. Time.... Date: October 6, 2010. Time: 11 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications... Call). Contact Person: Sheo Singh, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division...

Software engineering and automatic continuous verification of scientific software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piggott, M. D.; Hill, J.; Farrell, P. E.; Kramer, S. C.; Wilson, C. R.; Ham, D.; Gorman, G. J.; Bond, T.

2011-12-01

Software engineering of scientific code is challenging for a number of reasons including pressure to publish and a lack of awareness of the pitfalls of software engineering by scientists. The Applied Modelling and Computation Group at Imperial College is a diverse group of researchers that employ best practice software engineering methods whilst developing open source scientific software. Our main code is Fluidity - a multi-purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code that can be used for a wide range of scientific applications from earth-scale mantle convection, through basin-scale ocean dynamics, to laboratory-scale classic CFD problems, and is coupled to a number of other codes including nuclear radiation and solid modelling. Our software development infrastructure consists of a number of free tools that could be employed by any group that develops scientific code and has been developed over a number of years with many lessons learnt. A single code base is developed by over 30 people for which we use bazaar for revision control, making good use of the strong branching and merging capabilities. Using features of Canonical's Launchpad platform, such as code review, blueprints for designing features and bug reporting gives the group, partners and other Fluidity uers an easy-to-use platform to collaborate and allows the induction of new members of the group into an environment where software development forms a central part of their work. The code repositoriy are coupled to an automated test and verification system which performs over 20,000 tests, including unit tests, short regression tests, code verification and large parallel tests. Included in these tests are build tests on HPC systems, including local and UK National HPC services. The testing of code in this manner leads to a continuous verification process; not a discrete event performed once development has ceased. Much of the code verification is done via the "gold standard" of comparisons to analytical solutions via the method of manufactured solutions. By developing and verifying code in tandem we avoid a number of pitfalls in scientific software development and advocate similar procedures for other scientific code applications.

Research progress on synthesis and characteristic about dendrimers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Zitao

2017-12-01

Dendrimers are hyper-branched polymers which have perfectly defined structures. Different from the common polymers, dendrimers are synthesized by a step-by-step iterative style, which starts from a central core and forms branching parts outward. The dendrimers also have different physical and chemical characteristics from common polymers. In this paper, contributions to dendrimer synthesis from different researchers with different scientific background, synthesis of different dendrimers, and applications of them will be reviewed.

Innovating Chinese Herbal Medicine: From Traditional Health Practice to Scientific Drug Discovery

PubMed Central

Gu, Shuo; Pei, Jianfeng

2017-01-01

As one of the major contemporary alternative medicines, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) continues its influence in Chinese communities and has begun to attract the academic attention in the world of western medicine. This paper aims to examine Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), the essential branch of TCM, from both narrative and scientific perspectives. CHM is a traditional health practice originated from Chinese philosophy and religion, holding the belief of holism and balance in the body. With the development of orthodox medicine and science during the last centuries, CHM also seized the opportunity to change from traditional health practice to scientific drug discovery illustrated in the famous story of the herb-derived drug artemisinin. However, hindered by its culture and founding principles, CHM faces the questions of the research paradigm posed by the convention of science. To address these questions, we discussed two essential questions concerning the relationship of CHM and science, and then upheld the paradigm of methodological reductionism in scientific research. Finally, the contemporary narrative of CHM in the 21st century was discussed in the hope to preserve this medical tradition in tandem with scientific research. PMID:28670279

A generative model for scientific concept hierarchies.

PubMed

Datta, Srayan; Adar, Eytan

2018-01-01

In many scientific disciplines, each new 'product' of research (method, finding, artifact, etc.) is often built upon previous findings-leading to extension and branching of scientific concepts over time. We aim to understand the evolution of scientific concepts by placing them in phylogenetic hierarchies where scientific keyphrases from a large, longitudinal academic corpora are used as a proxy of scientific concepts. These hierarchies exhibit various important properties, including power-law degree distribution, power-law component size distribution, existence of a giant component and less probability of extending an older concept. We present a generative model based on preferential attachment to simulate the graphical and temporal properties of these hierarchies which helps us understand the underlying process behind scientific concept evolution and may be useful in simulating and predicting scientific evolution.

A generative model for scientific concept hierarchies

PubMed Central

Adar, Eytan

2018-01-01

In many scientific disciplines, each new ‘product’ of research (method, finding, artifact, etc.) is often built upon previous findings–leading to extension and branching of scientific concepts over time. We aim to understand the evolution of scientific concepts by placing them in phylogenetic hierarchies where scientific keyphrases from a large, longitudinal academic corpora are used as a proxy of scientific concepts. These hierarchies exhibit various important properties, including power-law degree distribution, power-law component size distribution, existence of a giant component and less probability of extending an older concept. We present a generative model based on preferential attachment to simulate the graphical and temporal properties of these hierarchies which helps us understand the underlying process behind scientific concept evolution and may be useful in simulating and predicting scientific evolution. PMID:29474409

Improving Graduate Education to Support a Branching Career Pipeline: Recommendations Based on a Survey of Doctoral Students in the Basic Biomedical Sciences

PubMed Central

Fuhrmann, C. N.; Halme, D. G.; O’Sullivan, P. S.; Lindstaedt, B.

2011-01-01

Today's doctoral programs continue to prepare students for a traditional academic career path despite the inadequate supply of research-focused faculty positions. We advocate for a broader doctoral curriculum that prepares trainees for a wide range of science-related career paths. In support of this argument, we describe data from our survey of doctoral students in the basic biomedical sciences at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Midway through graduate training, UCSF students are already considering a broad range of career options, with one-third intending to pursue a non–research career path. To better support this branching career pipeline, we recommend that national standards for training and mentoring include emphasis on career planning and professional skills development to ensure the success of PhD-level scientists as they contribute to a broadly defined global scientific enterprise. PMID:21885820

Improving graduate education to support a branching career pipeline: recommendations based on a survey of doctoral students in the basic biomedical sciences.

PubMed

Fuhrmann, C N; Halme, D G; O'Sullivan, P S; Lindstaedt, B

2011-01-01

Today's doctoral programs continue to prepare students for a traditional academic career path despite the inadequate supply of research-focused faculty positions. We advocate for a broader doctoral curriculum that prepares trainees for a wide range of science-related career paths. In support of this argument, we describe data from our survey of doctoral students in the basic biomedical sciences at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Midway through graduate training, UCSF students are already considering a broad range of career options, with one-third intending to pursue a non-research career path. To better support this branching career pipeline, we recommend that national standards for training and mentoring include emphasis on career planning and professional skills development to ensure the success of PhD-level scientists as they contribute to a broadly defined global scientific enterprise.

[Objects from scientific collections in demand: the value of the various collections of the Urologic History Center of the German Society of Urology for modern teaching purposes in urology].

PubMed

Moll, F H

2015-02-01

The use of artifacts and objects from scientific medical collections and museums for academic teaching purposes are one of the main qualifying tasks of those institutions. In recent years, this aspect of scientific collections has again become on focus within academics. The collections offer a unique chance for visual and haptic forms of teaching in many fields. Due to the potential of scientific collections, educators in all branches in academic learning should be familiar with handling objects for such purposes.

78 FR 26055 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-03

....D., Scientific Review Officer, Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division of Extramural....395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers Support; 93...

76 FR 80375 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-23

... 20852. Contact Person: Shakeel Ahmad, Ph.D. Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch..., Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology...

76 FR 26309 - National Cancer Institute; Notice Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-06

... Person: Lalita D. Palekar, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Special Review and Logistics Branch, Division..., Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology...

77 FR 4052 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-26

..., Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of Extramural....395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers Support; 93...

Resources for Teachers. "Turning Ideas Into Reality: The Executive Branch Fosters Engineering Excellence." An Institute for Pre-College Science and Social Studies Teachers (West Hartford, Connecticut, February 18-19, 24-26, 1989). Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pierce, Preston E., Comp.

A compilation of resources is provided for those interested in examining action taken by the executive branch of the federal government to foster scientific and engineering excellence in the United States in the nineteenth century. The resources are intended for use by pre-college secondary science and social studies teachers. Each of the…

75 FR 21645 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-26

... F. Korczak, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of... Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers...

76 FR 78013 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-15

... F. Korczak, Ph.D., Scientific Review Administrator, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division... Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

77 FR 76057 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

..., Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National... Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers Support; 93.398, Cancer Research...

76 FR 80374 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-23

.... Contact Person: Ilda M. Mckenna, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Training Review Branch, Division..., Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology...

76 FR 50234 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-12

...: Jeannette F. Korczak, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division... and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

Micro- and nano-tomography at the DIAMOND beamline I13L imaging and coherence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rau, C.; Bodey, A.; Storm, M.; Cipiccia, S.; Marathe, S.; Zdora, M.-C.; Zanette, I.; Wagner, U.; Batey, D.; Shi, X.

2017-10-01

The Diamond Beamline I13L is dedicated to imaging on the micro- and nano-lengthsale, operating in the energy range between 6 and 30keV. For this purpose two independently operating branchlines and endstations have been built. The imaging branch is fully operational for micro-tomography and in-line phase contrast imaging with micrometre resolution. Grating interferometry is currently implemented, adding the capability of measuring phase and small-angle information. For tomography with increased resolution a full-field microscope providing 50nm spatial resolution with a field of view of 100μm is being tested. The instrument provides a large working distance between optics and sample to adapt a wide range of customised sample environments. On the coherence branch coherent diffraction imaging techniques such as ptychography, coherent X-ray diffraction (CXRD) are currently developed for three dimensional imaging with the highest resolution. The imaging branch is operated in collaboration with Manchester University, called therefore the Diamond-Manchester Branchline. The scientific applications cover a large area including bio-medicine, materials science, chemistry geology and more. The present paper provides an overview about the current status of the beamline and the science addressed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grigoriev, Igor; Glass, N. Louise; Martin, Francis

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI) managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, is the only user facility in the world devoted to problems of energy and environment. With over one million species, fungi—which include mushrooms—represent one of the largest under-explored branches of the Tree of Life. Together with its community of more than 1,000 scientific collaborators, JGI helping to unlock the secrets encoded in the genomes of fungi to advance a better understanding of the global carbon cycle and to develop new biotechnology products, next-generation biofuels, and medicines.

78 FR 36203 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2013-06-17

... Call). Contact Person: Priti Mehrotra, Ph.D., Chief, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific Review... Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856...

78 FR 7793 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-04

... Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific Review Program, DHHS/ NIH/NIAID, 6700B Rockledge... Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856...

78 FR 23572 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

..., Rockville, MD 20852. Contact Person: Priti Mehrotra, Ph.D., Chief, Immunology Review Branch, Scientific... Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856...

76 FR 38405 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-30

... Call). Contact Person: Maryam Feili-Hariri, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch..., Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research, National...

77 FR 52041 - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-28

...). Contact Person: Maryam Feili-Hariri, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Immunology Review Branch... Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856...

77 FR 24969 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2012-04-26

.... Contact Person: Sergei Radaev, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch... Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

77 FR 11563 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2012-02-27

... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis Panel; Systems Biology of... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging, Gateway Bldg., 2C212, 7201 Wisconsin...

76 FR 20693 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2011-04-13

... Person: Jeannette F Korczak, PhD, Scientific Review Administrator, Resources and Training Review Branch... Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

78 FR 18357 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2013-03-26

... F.S. Melo, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of... and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

75 FR 56548 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2010-09-16

... Person: Lynn M. Amende, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch, Division of....395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397, Cancer Centers Support; 93...

76 FR 14675 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2011-03-17

...). Contact Person: Thomas M Vollberg, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Special Review and Logistics Branch... and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

78 FR 20119 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

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2013-04-03

.... Contact Person: Sergei Radaev, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Resources and Training Review Branch... Detection and Diagnosis Research; 93.395, Cancer Treatment Research; 93.396, Cancer Biology Research; 93.397...

7 CFR 15.121 - Official notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... scientific or economic statistical data issued by any branch of the Federal or a State Government which has... the record without further proof of authenticity. Where official notice is to be taken, any party, on...

7 CFR 15.121 - Official notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... scientific or economic statistical data issued by any branch of the Federal or a State Government which has... the record without further proof of authenticity. Where official notice is to be taken, any party, on...

The First Amendment and scientific freedom in the era of bioterrorism.

PubMed

Anton, Brian P

2004-01-01

The events of 9/11 have raised awareness that certain scientific research in the public domain may aid terrorists in their quest to develop biological weapons, and there is a legitimate cause for concern in rare cases. Proposed executive branch responses are consistent in their approach to the problem: restrain the offending research by restricting public access to it in some form or another. This paper examines some of the history of the United States (U.S.) government's restrictions on scientific communication and the protection that the First Amendment affords scientists against such restrictions. It focuses in particular on biological science, which has in recent years come under increased scrutiny due to fears of "bioterrorism." It concludes that science needs to be vigilant against government encroachment, but also needs to become the first line of defense in preventing dissemination of potentially dangerous research data. Should the exercise of prior restraint against biological research become necessary, the guidelines developed at the 2002 Monterey workshop provide a useful framework for determining what biological research might cause "direct, immediate, and irreparable" harm to national security under the New York Times Co. v. United States precedent.

Religion, genetics, and sexual orientation: the Jewish tradition.

PubMed

Davis, Dena S

2008-06-01

This paper probes the implications of a genetic basis for sexual orientation for traditional branches of Judaism, which are struggling with how accepting to be of noncelibate gays and lesbians in their communities. The paper looks at the current attitudes toward homosexuality across the different branches of Judaism; social and cultural factors that work against acceptance; attitudes toward science in Jewish culture; and the likelihood that scientific evidence that sexual orientation is at least partly genetically determined will influence Jewish scholars' and leaders' thinking on this issue.

The language of objects: Christian Jürgensen Thomsen's science of the past.

PubMed

Eskildsen, Kasper Risbjerg

2012-03-01

The Danish amateur scholar Christian Jürgensen Thomsen has often been described as a founder of modern "scientific" archaeology. Thomsen's innovation, this essay argues, reflects developments within neighboring fields, such as philology and history. He reacted against historians who limited themselves to histories of texts and therefore abandoned the earliest human history. Instead, he proposed a new history of objects, which included the entire history of humankind. Thomsen's work as director of the Royal Museum of Nordic Antiquities in Copenhagen was especially important for this renewal. The arrangement of artifacts not only helped him formulate his theories, but also allowed him to present his arguments in a language of objects. At the same time, Thomsen's definition of archaeology as a museum science placed his branch of archaeology in a closer relationship with other museum sciences, such as geology and comparative anatomy. From the 1840s, Thomsen's museum became a model for how the study of human artifacts could deliver scientific insights into human nature and the laws of human development.

Information-educational environment with adaptive control of learning process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Modjaev, A. D.; Leonova, N. M.

2017-01-01

Recent years, a new scientific branch connected with the activities in social sphere management developing intensively and it is called "Social Cybernetics". In the framework of this scientific branch, theory and methods of management of social sphere are formed. Considerable attention is paid to the management, directly in real time. However, the decision of such management tasks is largely constrained by the lack of or insufficiently deep study of the relevant sections of the theory and methods of management. The article discusses the use of cybernetic principles in solving problems of control in social systems. Applying to educational activities a model of composite interrelated objects representing the behaviour of students at various stages of educational process is introduced. Statistical processing of experimental data obtained during the actual learning process is being done. If you increase the number of features used, additionally taking into account the degree and nature of variability of levels of current progress of students during various types of studies, new properties of students' grouping are discovered. L-clusters were identified, reflecting the behaviour of learners with similar characteristics during lectures. It was established that the characteristics of the clusters contain information about the dynamics of learners' behaviour, allowing them to be used in additional lessons. The ways of solving the problem of adaptive control based on the identified dynamic characteristics of the learners are planned.

Nanoscience and nanotechnology in the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences: bibliometric analysis and evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lavrik, Olga L.; Busygina, Tatyana V.; Shaburova, Natalya N.; Zibareva, Inna V.

2015-02-01

The multidimensional bibliometric analysis of publications on nanoscience and nanotechnology (NS&NT) produced by the researchers of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) in 2007-2012 has shown their growing publication activity and international visibility in the field and the main objects of research such as nanoparticles, nanostructures (nanostructured materials), nanotubes (especially carbon ones), nanocomposites, nanocrystals, nanotechnology, and nanoelectronics and identified the most productive authors and institutes, as well as the most cited publications. It was made using the data from multidisciplinary (Web of Science, Scopus, and Russian Index of Scientific Citation) and specialized (Chemical Abstracts Plus and Inspec) information resources, that is from international (WoS, Scopus, CAPlus, and Inspec) and national (RISC) data bases. The analysis has shown that most of the SB RAS research works on NS&NT are concentrated in Novosibirsk Scientific Centre.

A dataset of forest biomass structure for Eurasia.

PubMed

Schepaschenko, Dmitry; Shvidenko, Anatoly; Usoltsev, Vladimir; Lakyda, Petro; Luo, Yunjian; Vasylyshyn, Roman; Lakyda, Ivan; Myklush, Yuriy; See, Linda; McCallum, Ian; Fritz, Steffen; Kraxner, Florian; Obersteiner, Michael

2017-05-16

The most comprehensive dataset of in situ destructive sampling measurements of forest biomass in Eurasia have been compiled from a combination of experiments undertaken by the authors and from scientific publications. Biomass is reported as four components: live trees (stem, bark, branches, foliage, roots); understory (above- and below ground); green forest floor (above- and below ground); and coarse woody debris (snags, logs, dead branches of living trees and dead roots), consisting of 10,351 unique records of sample plots and 9,613 sample trees from ca 1,200 experiments for the period 1930-2014 where there is overlap between these two datasets. The dataset also contains other forest stand parameters such as tree species composition, average age, tree height, growing stock volume, etc., when available. Such a dataset can be used for the development of models of biomass structure, biomass extension factors, change detection in biomass structure, investigations into biodiversity and species distribution and the biodiversity-productivity relationship, as well as the assessment of the carbon pool and its dynamics, among many others.

A dataset of forest biomass structure for Eurasia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schepaschenko, Dmitry; Shvidenko, Anatoly; Usoltsev, Vladimir; Lakyda, Petro; Luo, Yunjian; Vasylyshyn, Roman; Lakyda, Ivan; Myklush, Yuriy; See, Linda; McCallum, Ian; Fritz, Steffen; Kraxner, Florian; Obersteiner, Michael

2017-05-01

The most comprehensive dataset of in situ destructive sampling measurements of forest biomass in Eurasia have been compiled from a combination of experiments undertaken by the authors and from scientific publications. Biomass is reported as four components: live trees (stem, bark, branches, foliage, roots); understory (above- and below ground); green forest floor (above- and below ground); and coarse woody debris (snags, logs, dead branches of living trees and dead roots), consisting of 10,351 unique records of sample plots and 9,613 sample trees from ca 1,200 experiments for the period 1930-2014 where there is overlap between these two datasets. The dataset also contains other forest stand parameters such as tree species composition, average age, tree height, growing stock volume, etc., when available. Such a dataset can be used for the development of models of biomass structure, biomass extension factors, change detection in biomass structure, investigations into biodiversity and species distribution and the biodiversity-productivity relationship, as well as the assessment of the carbon pool and its dynamics, among many others.

Scientific computation systems quality branch manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

A manual is presented which is designed to familiarize the GE 635 user with the configuration and operation of the overall system. Work submission, programming standards, restrictions, testing and debugging, and related general information is provided for GE 635 programmer.

Technology assessment and the Congress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carpenter, R. A.

1972-01-01

The legislative branch is considered as the major focus for technology assessment, and the functions of the Congressional Research Service in supplying Congressmen with scientific and technological development is outlined, and the need for Congress to control, assess, and integrate the various and conflicting elements for the benefit of both technology and society is stressed. The organization of the Science Policy Research Division is mentioned, and its duties in gathering facts for the increased understanding by the members of Congress are indicated. Technology assessment aspects associated with congressional committees and hearings, adequacy of advice, trends in engineering education, and the public interest are also discussed.

[The diversity of science in Carnap's, Lewin's and Fleck's philosophy. The development of a pluralistic scientific concept].

PubMed

Köchy, Kristian

2010-03-01

In the 1920s and 1930s three different but simultaneous approaches of philosophy of science can be distinguished: the logical approach of the physicist Rudolf Carnap, the logico-historical approach of the psychologist Kurt Lewin and the socio-historical approach of the medical scientist Ludwik Fleck. While the philosophies of Lewin and Fleck can be characterized as contextual appraisals which account for the interactions between particular sciences and their historical, socio-cultural or intellectual environments, Carnap's philosohy is narrowed to an internal methodology centered on scientific propositions and ogical structures in general. In addition to these differences in aim and practice of methodological analysis the estimation of the real disunity and diversity of the special branches of science differs. Instead of Carnap's ideal of a unified science from the new pluralistic point of view the evaluation of the empirical multiplicity of particular sciences obtains philosophical acceptance.

Behavior analysis: the science of training.

PubMed

Farhoody, Parvene

2012-09-01

Behavior analysis is a data-driven science dedicated to understanding the mechanisms of behavior. Applied behavior analysis is a branch of this scientific field that systematically applies scientific principles to real-world problems in an effort to improve quality of life. The use of the behavioral technology provides a way to teach human and nonhuman animals more effectively and efficiently and offers those using this technology increased success in achieving behavioral goals. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

RECENT PUBLICATIONS - ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY LABORATORY (WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT BRANCH, WSWRD, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

NRMRL's Water Supply and Water Resouces Division's Isotope Hydrology Laboratory (IHL) produces and publishes highly specialized technical and scientific documents relating to IHL's research. The mission of IHL is to resolve environmental hydrology problems through research and ap...

76 FR 8751 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Review of Conferences and Scientific Meetings with an... Review Branch, Division of Extramural [[Page 8752

Is Psychiatry Scientific? A Letter to a 21st Century Psychiatry Resident

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

During the development of the DSM-5, even the lay press questioned psychiatr's scientific validity. This review provides 21st century psychiatry residents with ways of answering these attacks by defining the concepts and history of psychiatry (a branch of medicine), medicine and science. Psychiatric language has two levels: first, describing symptoms and signs (19th century descriptive psychopathology developed in France and Germany), and second, describing disorders (psychiatric nosology was developed in the early 20th century by Kraepelin and resuscitated by the US neo-Kraepelinian revolution leading to the DSM-III). Science is a complex trial-and-error historical process that can be threatened by those who believe too much in it and disregard its limitations. The most important psychiatric advances, electroconvulsive therapy and major psychopharmacological agents, were discovered by "chance", not by scientific planning. Jaspers's General Psychopathology is a complex 100-year-old book that describes: 1) psychiatric disorders as heterogeneous and 2) psychiatry as a hybrid scientific discipline requiring a combination of understanding (a social science method) and explanation (a natural science method). In the 21st century Berrios reminds us of psychiatry's unfortunate methodological issues due to hybrid symptoms and disorders, some of which are better understood as problems in communication between interacting human beings; in those situations neuroscience methods such as brain imaging make no sense. A new language is needed in psychiatry. East Asian psychiatry residents, who are not particularly attached to the antiquated language currently used, may be particularly equipped for the task of recreating psychiatric language using 21st century knowledge. PMID:24302942

Decision Analysis Tools for Volcano Observatories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hincks, T. H.; Aspinall, W.; Woo, G.

2005-12-01

Staff at volcano observatories are predominantly engaged in scientific activities related to volcano monitoring and instrumentation, data acquisition and analysis. Accordingly, the academic education and professional training of observatory staff tend to focus on these scientific functions. From time to time, however, staff may be called upon to provide decision support to government officials responsible for civil protection. Recognizing that Earth scientists may have limited technical familiarity with formal decision analysis methods, specialist software tools that assist decision support in a crisis should be welcome. A review is given of two software tools that have been under development recently. The first is for probabilistic risk assessment of human and economic loss from volcanic eruptions, and is of practical use in short and medium-term risk-informed planning of exclusion zones, post-disaster response, etc. A multiple branch event-tree architecture for the software, together with a formalism for ascribing probabilities to branches, have been developed within the context of the European Community EXPLORIS project. The second software tool utilizes the principles of the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) for evidence-based assessment of volcanic state and probabilistic threat evaluation. This is of practical application in short-term volcano hazard forecasting and real-time crisis management, including the difficult challenge of deciding when an eruption is over. An open-source BBN library is the software foundation for this tool, which is capable of combining synoptically different strands of observational data from diverse monitoring sources. A conceptual vision is presented of the practical deployment of these decision analysis tools in a future volcano observatory environment. Summary retrospective analyses are given of previous volcanic crises to illustrate the hazard and risk insights gained from use of these tools.

76 FR 30374 - National Institute on Aging; Meetings

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2011-05-25

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis... 90401. Contact Person: Ramesh Vemuri, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging...

77 FR 24727 - National Eye Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-25

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Eye Institute Special Emphasis Panel; NEI Clinical Trials.... Schaffner, Ph.D., Chief, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, National Eye Institute...

77 FR 5035 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2012-02-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health...

Geoethics: Master's Students Knowledge and Perception of Its Importance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Almeida, António; Vasconcelos, Clara

2015-12-01

In the 1990s, the field of geoethics started its development, associated with a set of ethical principles that regulate the profession of geologists in their relationship with society and with nature. Given the importance of this field, but also its youth, 36 higher education students attending a Master's of Geology course were surveyed (20 were from an educational branch and 16 were from a scientific branch). The questionnaire applied to them aimed to achieve the following goals: (a) to identify the knowledge of the respondents about this new field and to verify their position about the inclusion of geoethics in the curriculum, (b) to understand how they consider the importance of geological knowledge in political decisions and (c) to investigate possible differences in the thinking of the respondents, given the specificities of their educational branches. The study concluded that the field of geoethics is unknown to the majority of the respondents. However, the recognition of its importance was also verified, after getting familiar with the definition of the concept, as well as the need for its inclusion in formal education. The respondents also considered relevant the creation of a deontological code that could provide geologists with ethical guidance. They also considered that geology should influence political decisions, but they did not consistently recognise the limits of its influence, which seems to reveal the need of a deeper understanding of the specific nature of geological knowledge when compared with other sciences. Almost all the results were similar in both groups, but the students from the educational branch offered more elaborate answers about the issues present in the questionnaire.

[Diversity and community structure of endophytic fungi from Taxus chinensis var. mairei].

PubMed

2014-07-01

A total of 628 endophytic fungi were isolated from 480 tissue segments of needles and branches of Taxus chinensis var. mairei. According to morphological characteristics and ITS sequences, they represented 43 taxa in 28 genera, of which 10 Hyphomycetes, 20 Coelomycetes, 12 Ascomycetes and 1 unknown fungus. Phomopsis mali was confirmed as the dominant species. In accordance with relative frequency, Alternaria alternata, Aureobasidium pullulans, Colletotrichum boninense, C. gloeosporioides, Epicoccum nigrum , Fungal sp., Fusarium lateritium, Glomerella cingulata, Magnaporthales sp. , Nigrospora oryzae, Pestalotiopsis maculiformans, P. microspora, Peyronellaea glomerata and Xylaria sp. 1 were more common in T. chinensis var. mairei. T. chinensis var. mairei were severely infected by endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi were found in 81 percent of plant tissues with a high diversity. Distribution ranges of endophytic fungi were influenced by tissue properties. The colonization rate, richness, diversity of endophytic fungi in needles were obviously lower than in branches, and kinds of endophytic fungi between branches were more similar than those in needles, thus endophytic fungi had tissue preference. In addition, tissue age influenced the community structure of endophytic fungi. The elder branch tissues were, the higher colonization rate, richness, diversity of endophytic fungi were. Systematic studying the diversity and community structure of endophytic fungi in T. chinensis var. mairei and clarifying their distribution regularity in plant tissues would offer basic data and scientific basis for their development and utilization. Discussing the presence of fungal pathogens in healthy plant tissues would be of positive significance for source protection of T. chinensis var. mairei.

Research progress in Asia on methods of processing laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Yang-Min; Guo, Lian-Bo; Li, Jia-Ming; Liu, Hong-Di; Zhu, Zhi-Hao; Li, Xiang-You; Lu, Yong-Feng; Zeng, Xiao-Yan

2016-10-01

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has attracted much attention in terms of both scientific research and industrial application. An important branch of LIBS research in Asia, the development of data processing methods for LIBS, is reviewed. First, the basic principle of LIBS and the characteristics of spectral data are briefly introduced. Next, two aspects of research on and problems with data processing methods are described: i) the basic principles of data preprocessing methods are elaborated in detail on the basis of the characteristics of spectral data; ii) the performance of data analysis methods in qualitative and quantitative analysis of LIBS is described. Finally, a direction for future development of data processing methods for LIBS is also proposed.

Technology demonstration of space intravehicular automation and robotics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, A. Terry; Barker, L. Keith

1994-01-01

Automation and robotic technologies are being developed and capabilities demonstrated which would increase the productivity of microgravity science and materials processing in the space station laboratory module, especially when the crew is not present. The Automation Technology Branch at NASA Langley has been working in the area of intravehicular automation and robotics (IVAR) to provide a user-friendly development facility, to determine customer requirements for automated laboratory systems, and to improve the quality and efficiency of commercial production and scientific experimentation in space. This paper will describe the IVAR facility and present the results of a demonstration using a simulated protein crystal growth experiment inside a full-scale mockup of the space station laboratory module using a unique seven-degree-of-freedom robot.

International perspective on nanotechnology papers, patents, and NSF awards (2000-2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Hongyi; Jiang, Shan; Chen, Hsinchun; Roco, Mihail C.

2017-11-01

This paper presents the development of nanotechnology between 2000 and 2016 as reflected in the Web of Science papers, United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), World International Property Organization (WIPO) patents, and National Science Foundation (NSF) awards, with a special reference to the United States (US), European Union (EU27), P.R. China, Japan, and South Korea. The field of nanotechnology is branching out into novel scientific and technology platforms, and it is increasingly difficult to separate foundational nanoscale components from divergent application areas. The average global growth rate has been sustained at about 15% for both papers and patents in the selected interval. The growth rates among regions are non-uniform. P.R. China and South Korea have increased faster in both the numbers and quality of their scientific publications, and currently P.R. China has the largest volume of nanotechnology publications and South Korea the most publications per capita in the field of nanotechnology. The US, EU27, and Japan are maintaining leadership in the upstream, better cited, conceptual components of nanotechnology research and development.

Transcatheter Heart Valve Selection and Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients With Pre-Existent Right Bundle Branch Block.

PubMed

van Gils, Lennart; Tchetche, Didier; Lhermusier, Thibault; Abawi, Masieh; Dumonteil, Nicolas; Rodriguez Olivares, Ramón; Molina-Martin de Nicolas, Javier; Stella, Pieter R; Carrié, Didier; De Jaegere, Peter P; Van Mieghem, Nicolas M

2017-03-03

Right bundle branch block is an established predictor for new conduction disturbances and need for a permanent pacemaker (PPM) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the absolute rates of transcatheter aortic valve replacement related PPM implantations in patients with pre-existent right bundle branch block and categorize for different transcatheter heart valves. We pooled data on 306 transcatheter aortic valve replacement patients from 4 high-volume centers in Europe and selected those with right bundle branch block at baseline without a previously implanted PPM. Logistic regression was used to evaluate whether PPM rate differed among transcatheter heart valves after adjustment for confounders. Mean age was 83±7 years and 63% were male. Median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 6.3 (interquartile range, 4.1-10.2). The following transcatheter valve designs were used: Medtronic CoreValve (n=130; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN); Edwards Sapien XT (ES-XT; n=124) and Edwards Sapien 3 (ES-3; n=32; Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA); and Boston Scientific Lotus (n=20; Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, MA). Overall permanent pacemaker implantation rate post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement was 41%, and per valve design: 75% with Lotus, 46% with CoreValve, 32% with ES-XT, and 34% with ES-3. The indication for PPM implantation was total atrioventricular block in 98% of the cases. Lotus was associated with a higher PPM rate than all other valves. PPM rate did not differ between ES-XT and ES-3. Ventricular paced rhythm at 30-day and 1-year follow-up was present in 81% at 89%, respectively. Right bundle branch block at baseline is associated with a high incidence of PPM implantation for all transcatheter heart valves. PPM rate was highest for Lotus and lowest for ES-XT and ES-3. Pacemaker dependency remained high during follow-up. © 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.

78 FR 51195 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-20

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Initial Review Group; Biological Aging... 20814. Contact Person: Bita Nakhai, Ph.D., Scientific Review Branch, National Institute On Aging...

77 FR 49450 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-16

... Committee: National Cancer Institute Special Emphasis Panel; Core Infrastructure and Methodological Research...; Small Grants for Behavioral Research in Cancer Control. Date: September 18-19, 2012.. Time: 9 a.m. to 12...., Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of Extramural Activities, National...

76 FR 38193 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-29

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental.... Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Special Emphasis Panel... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of...

77 FR 59202 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-26

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and... Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National...

75 FR 53703 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome..., Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 5635.... (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.172, Human Genome Research, National Institutes of...

78 FR 9707 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-11

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 5635 Fishers Lane, Suite 4076...

77 FR 71604 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research Institute Special..., Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 5635...

76 FR 17930 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome Research Institute Special... Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 5635 Fishers Lane...

Extrasensory Perception Research: Difficulties and Implications for Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAdams, Elizabeth E.

In recent years, gradually increased acceptance and heightened attention have been granted to extrasensory perception (ESP) research as a legitimate branch of scientific inquiry. This research holds significant implications for education despite difficulties involved with its consideration. Extrasensory perception, an organism's apparent access to…

76 FR 576 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-05

..., Cancer Centers Support; 93.398, Cancer Research Manpower; 93.399, Cancer Control, National Institutes of...: Wlodek Lopaczynski, M.D., PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Research Programs Review Branch, Division of... Institute Special Emphasis Panel; Collaborative Research in Integrative Cancer Biology and the Tumor...

76 FR 65204 - National Human Genome Research Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-20

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Human Genome... constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Human Genome... Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, 5635 Fishers Lane...

Public Interest Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

von Hippel, Frank; Primack, Joel

1972-01-01

Considers devices by which the executive branch exploits its scientific advisors for political advantage while concealing much of the information they have provided'' and discusses ways in which scientists can help bring into being counterbalancing political forces by providing the public and Congress with the information they need.'' (Author/AL)

Harnessing the Flow of Data from Fungi at JGI

ScienceCinema

Grigoriev, Igor; Glass, N. Louise; Martin, Francis; Turgeon, Gillian; Spatafora, Joey; Berka, Randy

2018-06-12

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI) managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, is the only user facility in the world devoted to problems of energy and environment. With over one million species, fungi—which include mushrooms—represent one of the largest under-explored branches of the Tree of Life. Together with its community of more than 1,000 scientific collaborators, JGI helping to unlock the secrets encoded in the genomes of fungi to advance a better understanding of the global carbon cycle and to develop new biotechnology products, next-generation biofuels, and medicines.

ObsPy: Establishing and maintaining an open-source community package

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krischer, L.; Megies, T.; Barsch, R.

2017-12-01

Python's ecosystem evolved into one of the most powerful and productive research environment across disciplines. ObsPy (https://obspy.org) is a fully community driven, open-source project dedicated to provide a bridge for seismology into that ecosystem. It does so by offering Read and write support for essentially every commonly used data format in seismology, Integrated access to the largest data centers, web services, and real-time data streams, A powerful signal processing toolbox tuned to the specific needs of seismologists, and Utility functionality like travel time calculations, geodetic functions, and data visualizations. ObsPy has been in constant unfunded development for more than eight years and is developed and used by scientists around the world with successful applications in all branches of seismology. By now around 70 people directly contributed code to ObsPy and we aim to make it a self-sustaining community project.This contributions focusses on several meta aspects of open-source software in science, in particular how we experienced them. During the panel we would like to discuss obvious questions like long-term sustainability with very limited to no funding, insufficient computer science training in many sciences, and gaining hard scientific credits for software development, but also the following questions: How to best deal with the fact that a lot of scientific software is very specialized thus usually solves a complex problem but at the same time can only ever reach a limited pool of developers and users by virtue of it being so specialized? Therefore the "many eyes on the code" approach to develop and improve open-source software only applies in a limited fashion. An initial publication for a significant new scientific software package is fairly straightforward. How to on-board and motivate potential new contributors when they can no longer be lured by a potential co-authorship? When is spending significant time and effort on reusable scientific open-source development a reasonable choice for young researchers? The effort to go from purpose tailored code for a single application resulting in a scientific publication is significantly less compared to generalising and engineering it well enough so it can be used by others.

Software Attribution for Geoscience Applications in the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hwang, L.; Dumit, J.; Fish, A.; Soito, L.; Kellogg, L. H.; Smith, M.

2015-12-01

Scientific software is largely developed by individual scientists and represents a significant intellectual contribution to the field. As the scientific culture and funding agencies move towards an expectation that software be open-source, there is a corresponding need for mechanisms to cite software, both to provide credit and recognition to developers, and to aid in discoverability of software and scientific reproducibility. We assess the geodynamic modeling community's current citation practices by examining more than 300 predominantly self-reported publications utilizing scientific software in the past 5 years that is available through the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (CIG). Preliminary results indicate that authors cite and attribute software either through citing (in rank order) peer-reviewed scientific publications, a user's manual, and/or a paper describing the software code. Attributions maybe found directly in the text, in acknowledgements, in figure captions, or in footnotes. What is considered citable varies widely. Citations predominantly lack software version numbers or persistent identifiers to find the software package. Versioning may be implied through reference to a versioned user manual. Authors sometimes report code features used and whether they have modified the code. As an open-source community, CIG requests that researchers contribute their modifications to the repository. However, such modifications may not be contributed back to a repository code branch, decreasing the chances of discoverability and reproducibility. Survey results through CIG's Software Attribution for Geoscience Applications (SAGA) project suggest that lack of knowledge, tools, and workflows to cite codes are barriers to effectively implement the emerging citation norms. Generated on-demand attributions on software landing pages and a prototype extensible plug-in to automatically generate attributions in codes are the first steps towards reproducibility.

Reasoning About Nature: Graduate students and teachers integrating historic and modern science in high school math and science classes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, J. B.; Rigsby, C. A.; Muston, C.; Robinson, Z.; Morehead, A.; Stellwag, E. J.; Shinpaugh, J.; Thompson, A.; Teller, J.

2010-12-01

Graduate students and faculty at East Carolina University are working with area high schools to address the common science and mathematics deficiencies of many high school students. Project RaN (Reasoning about Nature), an interdisciplinary science/math/education research project, addresses these deficiencies by focusing on the history of science and the relationship between that history and modern scientific thought and practice. The geological sciences portion of project RaN has three specific goals: (1) to elucidate the relationships among the history of scientific discovery, the geological sciences, and modern scientific thought; (2) to develop, and utilize in the classroom, instructional modules that are relevant to the modern geological sciences curriculum and that relate fundamental scientific discoveries and principles to multiple disciplines and to modern societal issues; and (3) to use these activity-based modules to heighten students’ interest in science disciplines and to generate enthusiasm for doing science in both students and instructors. The educational modules that result from this linkage of modern and historical scientific thought are activity-based, directly related to the National Science Standards for the high school sciences curriculum, and adaptable to fit each state’s standard course of study for the sciences and math. They integrate historic sciences and mathematics with modern science, contain relevant background information on both the concept(s) and scientist(s) involved, present questions that compel students to think more deeply (both qualitatively and quantitatively) about the subject matter, and include threads that branch off to related topics. Modules on topics ranging from the density to cladistics to Kepler’s laws of planetary motion have been developed and tested. Pre- and post-module data suggest that both students and teachers benefit from these interdisciplinary historically based classroom experiences.

77 FR 53207 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-31

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis Panel, Pepper Centers....D., DSC, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 2c212...

75 FR 35821 - National Institute On Aging; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-23

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute On Aging... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis Panel Member Conflict SEP...). Contact Person: Ramesh Vemuri, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging, National...

76 FR 5391 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-31

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis Panel; Pepper Centers.... Markowska, PhD, DSC, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging, 7201 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite...

Tribology. LC Science Tracer Bullet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Havas, George D., Comp.

Tribology is the science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion. It incorporates a number of scientific fields, including friction, wear, lubrication, materials science, and various branches of surface physics and surface chemistry. Tribology forms a vital part of engineering science. The interacting surfaces may be on machinery…

78 FR 56902 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial... Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, One...

77 FR 71605 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, 6701 Democracy...

75 FR 993 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-07

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and... Review Officer, Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial Research, NIH 6701...

77 FR 10539 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-22

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial... Review Officer Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial, Research, 6701...

76 FR 60058 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-28

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute on Aging Special Emphasis...: Ramesh Vemuri, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of...

75 FR 4092 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-26

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood..., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge...

78 FR 14312 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-05

... Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Understanding Environmental Control of Epigenetic/Mechanisms...

77 FR 40076 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Immunotoxicity Studies for the National Toxicology Program. Date... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat. Institute of...

75 FR 37818 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-30

... review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Neuroscience Center, 6001... Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center... Disorders; 93.854, Biological Basis Research in the Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated...

77 FR 9670 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-17

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood...., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge...

Democracy, individual rights and the regulation of science.

PubMed

Weinstein, J

2009-09-01

Whether the US Constitution guarantees a right to conduct scientific research is a question that has never been squarely addressed by the United States Supreme Court. Similarly, the extent to which the First Amendment protects the right to communicate the results of scientific research is an issue about which there is scant judicial authority. This article suggests that a crucial guidepost for exploring both these uncharted areas of constitutional law should be whether restrictions on scientific research or communication truly implicate fundamental individual rights or instead primarily concern issues of general social welfare-issues that in a democracy are properly decided by the representative branches of government or their delegates, not by the judiciary.

77 FR 2075 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-13

... Neurological Disorders and Stroke Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Neurological..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and...

76 FR 31617 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-01

... Emphasis Panel, Utilization of a Human Lung Tissue Resource for Vascular Research. Date: June 23, 2011... Research; 93.838, Lung Diseases Research; 93.839, Blood Diseases and Resources Research, National... Sunnarborg, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute...

75 FR 61507 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-05

... Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood... Kim, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute...

75 FR 54642 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-08

... Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Special.... Johnson, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute...

77 FR 43099 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-23

... Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood...., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge...

75 FR 8085 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-23

... Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood... Johnson, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute...

77 FR 6569 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-08

... Health Sciences, Special Emphasis Panel, Environmental Stem Cells Research. Date: February 29-March 2..., 150 Park Drive, Ballroom ABC, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Contact Person: Teresa Nesbitt, Ph.D., DVM, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute...

75 FR 62546 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act..., Scientific Review Branch, National Inst of Dental & Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 45...

75 FR 2146 - National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial.... King, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research/NIH...

77 FR 74676 - National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-17

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Dental... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Dental and..., Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, One Democracy Plaza, Room...

76 FR 76981 - National Cancer Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-09

...: February 15-16, 2012. Time: 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place... Marinelli Road, North Bethesda, MD 20852. Contact Person: Caron A Lyman, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Division of Extramural Activities, Research Programs Review Branch, 6116...

CONGRESS ON SCIENCE TEACHING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Inter-Union Commission on the Teaching of Science, Paris (France).

REPORTED ARE THE ACTIVITIES OF THE CONGRESS ORGANIZED BY THE INTER-UNION COMMISSION ON SCIENCE TEACHING (CEIS) OF THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC UNIONS (ICSU). STUDIED WERE PROBLEMS ARISING IN SEVERAL BRANCHES OF KNOWLEDGE DUE TO BOTH INCREASED NUMBERS OF STUDENTS AND SHORTAGE OF TEACHERS. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST WERE THE PROBLEMS OF…

76 FR 11500 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-02

... Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box 12233 MD EC-30, Research... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; New Tools for Characterizing Personal Environments. Date: March...

75 FR 55807 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-14

... Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Sampling for Gauging Environmental Stressors. Date: September 29...

77 FR 12602 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

... Environmental Health Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box 12233, Research... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Examination of Research Integrity. Date: March 29, 2012. Time: 8...

78 FR 59041 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-25

... Disorders and Stroke Initial Review, Group Neurological Sciences and Disorders C. Date: October 17-18, 2013... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS, NIH, NSC, 6001 Executive Blvd...: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Initial Review, Group Neurological Sciences and...

75 FR 32797 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-09

... Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat. Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Conferences and Scientific Meetings Support. Date: June 30, 2010...

76 FR 31620 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-01

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Research on Ethics and Integrity of Human and or Animal Subjects..., DVM, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute...

78 FR 7794 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-04

.... Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Sentinel Animal Study for Public Health. Date: February 27, 2013...

78 FR 56902 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

... Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel; Pathway to Independence Review. Date: October 10, 2013. Time: 12...

76 FR 66732 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-27

... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/ NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center... Research, NINDS/ NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda, MD... Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: October 21, 2011. Jennifer S. Spaeth, Director, Office...

75 FR 11187 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

.... Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Neuroscience.../Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda, MD 20892-9529, 301-594-0635, rc218u... Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center...

75 FR 26268 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-11

... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center... Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC 9529, Bethesda, MD... Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: May 6, 2010. Jennifer Spaeth, Director, Office of...

77 FR 14534 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-12

... Disorders and Stroke Special Emphasis Panel, NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience. Date: March 28, 2012. Time: 8 a... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center..., Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS/Neuroscience Center, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208, MSC...

78 FR 41941 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

... evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707 Democracy...., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 759, 6707 Democracy... review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Two Democracy Plaza, 6707...

75 FR 65498 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-25

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and... unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Special... Johnson, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute...

76 FR 78285 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-16

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood...: Kristin Goltry, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood...

Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL): Quinquennial report, November 14-15, 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tweed, J.

1996-10-01

This Quinquennial Review Report of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) branch of the Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP) provides an overview of IGPP-LLNL, its mission, and research highlights of current scientific activities. This report also presents an overview of the University Collaborative Research Program (UCRP), a summary of the UCRP Fiscal Year 1997 proposal process and the project selection list, a funding summary for 1993-1996, seminars presented, and scientific publications. 2 figs., 3 tabs.

Scientific Integrity: The Need for Government Standards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McPhaden, Michael J.

2010-11-01

The U.S. government makes substantial investments in scientific research that address the nation’s need for accurate and authoritative information to guide federal policy decisions. Therefore, there is a lot at stake in having a consistent and explicit federal policy on scientific integrity to increase transparency and build trust in government science. Scientific integrity is an issue that applies not only to individual scientists working within the federal system but also to government agencies in how they use scientific information to formulate policy. The White House issued a memorandum on scientific integrity in March 2009, and it is regrettable that it has taken so much longer than the 120 days stipulated in the president's memo for the release of recommendations by the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) (see related news item in this issue). While it is also understandable given the welter of different agencies and organizations that make up the executive branch of the government, AGU urges that these recommendations be finalized and published as soon as possible.

Assessing potential legal responses to medical ghostwriting: effectiveness and constitutionality

PubMed Central

Chen, Chung-Lin

2018-01-01

Abstract Pharmaceutical companies are extensively involved in shaping medical knowledge to market their products to physicians and consumers. Specialized planning is undertaken to produce scientific articles driven by commercial interests. Rather than the listed authors, hidden analysts and publication management firms hired by pharmaceutical companies are often responsible for the content of scientific articles. Such ghostwriting practices raise serious concerns regarding the integrity of knowledge and thus demand urgent attention. This paper analyses the strategies of legal regulation on medical ghostwriting and their comparative advantages and disadvantages. Many of regulatory proposals suffer from a lack of effectiveness, whereas others are subject to constitutional concerns. The analysis in this paper offers insights into framing adequate regulation; it supports the strategy for reforming the structure of information production while calling for cautiousness in shaping its regulatory outline. In addition, this paper contributes to the analysis of First Amendment jurisprudence, suggesting that the judiciary should allow a certain amount of leeway for political branches to develop effective regulation PMID:29707217

Pharmacology of manipulating lean body mass

PubMed Central

Sepulveda, Patricio V; Bush, Ernest D; Baar, Keith

2015-01-01

Summary Dysfunction and wasting of skeletal muscle as a consequence of illness decreases the length and quality of life. Currently, there are few, if any, effective treatments available to address these conditions. Hence, the existence of this unmet medical need has fuelled large scientific efforts.Fortunately, these efforts have shown many of the underlying mechanisms adversely affecting skeletal muscle health.With increased understanding have come breakthrough disease-specific and broad spectrum interventions, some progressing through clinical development.The present review focuses its attention on the role of the antagonistic process regulating skeletal muscle mass before branching into prospective promising therapeutic targets and interventions. Special attention is given to therapies in development against cancer cachexia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy before closing remarks on design and conceptualization of future therapies are presented to the reader. PMID:25311629

PREFACE: XVII International Scientific Conference ''RESHETNEV READINGS''

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2015-01-01

The International Scientific Conference ''RESHETNEV READINGS'' is dedicated to the memory of Mikhail Reshetnev, an outstanding scientist, chief-constructor of space-rocket systems and communication satellites. The current volume represents selected proceedings of the main conference materials which were published by XVII International Scientific Conference ''RESHETNEV READINGS'' held on November 12 - 14, 2013. Plenary sessions, round tables and forums will be attended by famous scientists, developers and designers representing the space technology sector, as well as professionals and experts in the IT industry. A number of outstanding academic figures expressed their interest in an event of such a level including Jaures Alferov, Vice-president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Academician of RAS, Nobel laureate, Dirk Bochar, General Secretary of the European Federation of National Engineering Associates (FEANI), Prof. Yuri Gulyaev, Academician of RAS, Member of the Presidium of RAS, President of the International Union of Scientific and Engineering Associations, Director of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, as well as rectors of the largest universities in Russia, chief executives of well-known research enterprises and representatives of big businesses. We would like to thank our main sponsors such as JSC ''Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems'', JSC ''Krasnoyarsk Engineering Plant'', Central Design Bureau ''Geophysics'', Krasnoyarsk Region Authorities. These enterprises and companies are leading ones in the aerospace branch. It is a great pleasure to cooperate and train specialists for them.

[Updating the problems of human ecology and environmental health and the ways of solving them].

PubMed

Rakhmanin, Iu A

2012-01-01

Displaying a variety of scientific areas studying the influence of the environment on human health, the state and modern issues of assessment of environmental quality, hygienic standardization of chemical and biological contamination, methodical support of sanitarian and health monitoring and risk assessment of pollution, environmental health, the need for improvement and harmonization with the international instruments of the legal and methodological framework for the protection of the human environment, of the development of a modern management system of her quality based on epidemiological methods for simulation, risk analysis, assessment of economic damage to the environment and health of the population, forming a new branch of medicine--medicine of environment.

The 1990 progress report and future plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Friedland, Peter; Zweben, Monte; Compton, Michael

1990-01-01

This document describes the progress and plans of the Artificial Intelligence Research Branch (RIA) at ARC in 1990. Activities span a range from basic scientific research to engineering development and to fielded NASA applications, particularly those applications that are enabled by basic research carried out at RIA. Work is conducted in-house and through collaborative partners in academia and industry. Our major focus is on a limited number of research themes with a dual commitment to technical excellence and proven applicability to NASA short, medium, and long-term problems. RIA acts as the Agency's lead organization for research aspects of artificial intelligence, working closely with a second research laboratory at JPL and AI applications groups at all NASA centers.

A concept of a space hazard counteraction system: Astronomical aspects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shustov, B. M.; Rykhlova, L. V.; Kuleshov, Yu. P.; Dubov, Yu. N.; Elkin, K. S.; Veniaminov, S. S.; Borovin, G. K.; Molotov, I. E.; Naroenkov, S. A.; Barabanov, S. I.; Emel'yanenko, V. V.; Devyatkin, A. V.; Medvedev, Yu. D.; Shor, V. A.; Kholshevnikov, K. V.

2013-07-01

The basic science of astronomy and, primarily, its branch responsible for studying the Solar System, face the most important practical task posed by nature and the development of human civilization—to study space hazards and to seek methods of counteracting them. In pursuance of the joint Resolution of the Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and the RAS (Russian Academy of Sciences) Space Council of June 23, 2010, the RAS Institute of Astronomy in collaboration with other scientific and industrial organizations prepared a draft concept of the federal-level program targeted at creating a system of space hazard detection and counteraction. The main ideas and astronomical content of the concept are considered in this article.

75 FR 57965 - National Institute on Aging; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-23

...; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5... Vemuri, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health..., Autophagy, Inflammaging and Immunosenescence. Date: October 14, 2010. Time: 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Agen To review...

75 FR 50771 - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-17

... Institute Special Emphasis Panel; NHLBI Nanotechnology Administrative Centers Contract Review. Date: August 20, 2010. Time: 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate contract proposals. Place: National...: Shelley S Sehnert, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch/DERA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood...

Optimizing Performance of Scientific Visualization Software to Support Frontier-Class Computations

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

Hypersonic Sciences Branch) for providing sample datasets and permission to use an image of Q_Criterion isosurface for this report; Dr Anders Grimsrud...10.1. EnSight CSM and CFD Post processing; c2014 [accessed 2015 July 6] http:// www.ceisoftware.com. Main Page. XDMF; 2014 Nov 7 [2015 July 6] http

A Strengthened Teaching Mission in Preschool: Teachers' Experiences, Beliefs and Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westman, Susanne; Bergmark, Ulrika

2014-01-01

This paper aimed to explore how preschool teachers' experience their strengthened teaching mission, specifically when working with scientific exploration. The study was based on the philosophy of the life-world, a branch of the phenomenological movement. Life-world philosophy focuses on the concrete reality humans inhabit and is responsive to its…

77 FR 22793 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-17

... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel Loan Repayment. Date: May 11, 2012. Time: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Agenda... Review Administrator, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Nat...

78 FR 29144 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

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2013-05-17

... clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Neurological Sciences Training Initial Review Group Neurological Sciences and Disorders B. Date: June 20-21, 2013. Time: 8:00 a.m. to 6..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS, NIH, NSC, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3208...

76 FR 63311 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-12

... Environmental Health Sciences, Office of Program Operations, Scientific Review Branch, P.O. Box 12233, Research... Environmental Health Sciences; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the Federal Advisory... Health Sciences Special Emphasis Panel, Review of Worker Safety Training. Date: November 9, 2011. Time: 1...

77 FR 24971 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-26

... Disorders and Stroke Initial Review Group; Neurological Sciences and Disorders C. Date: June 18-19, 2012..., Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS, NIH, NSC, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 3204...: Neurological Sciences Training Initial Review Group; NST-2 Subcommittee. Date: June 25-26, 2012. Time: 8 a.m...

77 FR 59939 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

... Disorders and Stroke Initial Review Group; Neurological Sciences and Disorders B. Date: October 25-26, 2012... Officer, Scientific Review Branch, Division of Extramural Research, NINDS/NIH/DHHS, NSC, 6001 Executive...: Neurological Sciences Training Initial Review Group; NST-2 Subcommittee. Date: November 5-6, 2012. Time: 8:00 a...

History of Science as Interdisciplinary Education in American Colleges: Its Origins, Advantages, and Pitfalls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Viterbo, Paula

2007-01-01

Before 1950, history of science did not exist as an independent academic branch, but was instead pursued by practitioners across various humanities and scientific disciplines. After professionalization, traces of its prehistory as a cross-disciplinary area of interest bound to an interdisciplinary, educational philosophy have remained. This essay…

76 FR 6807 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-08

... Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Special Grants Review Committee. Date: February 28-March 1, 2011. Time: 8 a.m..., Scientific Review Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National...

Ground water and the law - some selected annotated references

USGS Publications Warehouse

Vorhis, Robert C.

1955-01-01

The strictly "legal" literature of ground-water use and control -except for a few essays in certain of the law reviews- is quite limited. A larger and more pointful source of information and analysis is the legal-scientific writings of the geologists, hydrologists, meteorologists, engineers and others. When new statutes are to be drafted by legislatures, and new decisions are to be made by courts on this subject, such literature may well be of far greater importance than legal precedents unfounded on scientific fact. This may be demonstrated by the character and scope of the legal-scientific literature of ground water, just one branch of water science, but one which is of major importance to any thoughtful consideration of water use and control.

Nanoformulations of doxorubicin: how far have we come and where do we go from here?

PubMed

Borišev, Ivana; Mrđanovic, Jasminka; Petrovic, Danijela; Seke, Mariana; Jović, Danica; Srđenović, Branislava; Latinovic, Natasa; Djordjevic, Aleksandar

2018-08-17

Nanotechnology, focused on discovery and development of new pharmaceutical products is known as nanopharmacology, and one research area this branch is engaged in are nanopharmaceuticals. The importance of being nano has been particularly emphasized in scientific areas dealing with nanomedicine and nanopharmaceuticals. Nanopharmaceuticals, their routes of administration, obstacles and solutions concerning their improved application and enhanced efficacy have been briefly yet comprehensively described. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and evergrowing number of scientific research on the topic only confirms that the needs have not been completed yet and that there is a wide platform for improvement. This is undoubtedly true for nanoformulations of an anticancer drug doxorubicin, where various nanocarrriers were given an important role to reduce the drug toxicity, while the efficacy of the drug was supposed to be retained or preferably enhanced. Therefore, we present an interdisciplinary comprehensive overview of interdisciplinary nature on nanopharmaceuticals based on doxorubicin and its nanoformulations with valuable information concerning trends, obstacles and prospective of nanopharmaceuticals development, mode of activity of sole drug doxorubicin and its nanoformulations based on different nanocarriers, their brief descriptions of biological activity through assessing in vitro and in vivo behavior.

The CTSA as an Exemplar Framework for Developing Multidisciplinary Translational Teams

PubMed Central

Calhoun, William J.; Wooten, Kevin; Bhavnani, Suresh; Anderson, Karl E.; Freeman, Jean

2012-01-01

Abstract Translational science requires that scientists from multiple disciplines work together to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human disease. Although a literature exists on the design and management of multidisciplinary teams, little has been written on multidisciplinary translational teams (MTTs). MTTs are distinct hybrid entities, with goals taken from both industry and academic models. We identified 30 design factors in 10 domains from a literature survey relevant to our MTT model: specific goals, structures, and processes. These dimensions were adapted to our own institutional environment in the selection and management of 11 MTTs that exploited resources of University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) Clinical and Translational Sciences Awards (CTSA). Case illustrations of two specific MTTs illustrate some of the challenges encountered and opportunities realized in terms of education and scientific advances. Network depiction of disciplinarity indicated that CTSA KRs and CTSA leadership contributed to discipline diversity especially in small (or nascent) MTTs. A separate depiction of MTT‐KR utilization indicated that data analysis, translational technologies, and novel methods were heavily utilized by MTTs, whereas other KRs contributed significant effort to infrastructure development. We conclude that the CTSA can provide a rich 
infrastructural framework and scientific environment for the development of successful MTTs. Clin Trans Sci 2013; Volume 6: 60–71 PMID:23399092

Regulation of branching dynamics by axon-intrinsic asymmetries in Tyrosine Kinase Receptor signaling

PubMed Central

Zschätzsch, Marlen; Oliva, Carlos; Langen, Marion; De Geest, Natalie; Özel, Mehmet Neset; Williamson, W Ryan; Lemon, William C; Soldano, Alessia; Munck, Sebastian; Hiesinger, P Robin; Sanchez-Soriano, Natalia; Hassan, Bassem A

2014-01-01

Axonal branching allows a neuron to connect to several targets, increasing neuronal circuit complexity. While axonal branching is well described, the mechanisms that control it remain largely unknown. We find that in the Drosophila CNS branches develop through a process of excessive growth followed by pruning. In vivo high-resolution live imaging of developing brains as well as loss and gain of function experiments show that activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is necessary for branch dynamics and the final branching pattern. Live imaging also reveals that intrinsic asymmetry in EGFR localization regulates the balance between dynamic and static filopodia. Elimination of signaling asymmetry by either loss or gain of EGFR function results in reduced dynamics leading to excessive branch formation. In summary, we propose that the dynamic process of axon branch development is mediated by differential local distribution of signaling receptors. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01699.001 PMID:24755286

Structuring supplemental materials in support of reproducibility.

PubMed

Greenbaum, Dov; Rozowsky, Joel; Stodden, Victoria; Gerstein, Mark

2017-04-05

Supplements are increasingly important to the scientific record, particularly in genomics. However, they are often underutilized. Optimally, supplements should make results findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (i.e., "FAIR"). Moreover, properly off-loading to them the data and detail in a paper could make the main text more readable. We propose a hierarchical organization for supplements, with some parts paralleling and "shadowing" the main text and other elements branching off from it, and we suggest a specific formatting to make this structure explicit. Furthermore, sections of the supplement could be presented in multiple scientific "dialects", including machine-readable and lay-friendly formats.

Phylomemetic patterns in science evolution--the rise and fall of scientific fields.

PubMed

Chavalarias, David; Cointet, Jean-Philippe

2013-01-01

We introduce an automated method for the bottom-up reconstruction of the cognitive evolution of science, based on big-data issued from digital libraries, and modeled as lineage relationships between scientific fields. We refer to these dynamic structures as phylomemetic networks or phylomemies, by analogy with biological evolution; and we show that they exhibit strong regularities, with clearly identifiable phylomemetic patterns. Some structural properties of the scientific fields - in particular their density -, which are defined independently of the phylomemy reconstruction, are clearly correlated with their status and their fate in the phylomemy (like their age or their short term survival). Within the framework of a quantitative epistemology, this approach raises the question of predictibility for science evolution, and sketches a prototypical life cycle of the scientific fields: an increase of their cohesion after their emergence, the renewal of their conceptual background through branching or merging events, before decaying when their density is getting too low.

Image2000: A Free, Innovative, Java Based Imaging Package

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pell, Nicholas; Wheeler, Phil; Cornwell, Carl; Matusow, David; Obenschain, Arthur F. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center's (GSFC) Scientific and Educational Endeavors (SEE) and the Center for Image Processing in Education (CIPE) use satellite image processing as part of their science lessons developed for students and educators. The image processing products that they use, as part of these lessons, no longer fulfill the needs of SEE and CIPE because these products are either dependent on a particular computing platform, hard to customize and extend, or do not have enough functionality. SEE and CIPE began looking for what they considered the "perfect" image processing tool that was platform independent, rich in functionality and could easily be extended and customized for their purposes. At the request of SEE, NASA's GSFC, code 588 the Advanced Architectures and Automation Branch developed a powerful new Java based image processing endeavors.

SAHM:VisTrails (Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling for VisTrails): training course

USGS Publications Warehouse

Holcombe, Tracy

2014-01-01

VisTrails is an open-source management and scientific workflow system designed to integrate the best of both scientific workflow and scientific visualization systems. Developers can extend the functionality of the VisTrails system by creating custom modules for bundled VisTrails packages. The Invasive Species Science Branch of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Fort Collins Science Center (FORT) and the U.S. Department of the Interior’s North Central Climate Science Center have teamed up to develop and implement such a module—the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling (SAHM). SAHM expedites habitat modeling and helps maintain a record of the various input data, the steps before and after processing, and the modeling options incorporated in the construction of an ecological response model. There are four main advantages to using the SAHM:VisTrails combined package for species distribution modeling: (1) formalization and tractable recording of the entire modeling process; (2) easier collaboration through a common modeling framework; (3) a user-friendly graphical interface to manage file input, model runs, and output; and (4) extensibility to incorporate future and additional modeling routines and tools. In order to meet increased interest in the SAHM:VisTrails package, the FORT offers a training course twice a year. The course includes a combination of lecture, hands-on work, and discussion. Please join us and other ecological modelers to learn the capabilities of the SAHM:VisTrails package.

Existing branches correlatively inhibit further branching in Trifolium repens: possible mechanisms

PubMed Central

Thomas, R. G.; Hay, M. J. M.

2011-01-01

In Trifolium repens removal of any number of existing branches distal to a nodal root stimulates development of axillary buds further along the stem such that the complement of branches distal to a nodal root remains constant. This study aimed to assess possible mechanisms by which existing branches correlatively inhibit the outgrowth of axillary buds distal to them. Treatments were applied to basal branches to evaluate the roles of three postulated inhibitory mechanisms: (I) the transport of a phloem-mobile inhibitory feedback signal from branches into the main stem; (II) the polar flow of auxin from branches into the main stem acting to limit further branch development; or (III) the basal branches functioning as sinks for a net root-derived stimulatory signal (NRS). Results showed that transport of auxin, or of a non-auxin phloem-mobile signal, from basal branches did not influence regulation of correlative inhibition and were consistent with the possibility that the intra-plant distribution of NRS could be involved in the correlative inhibition of distal buds by basal branches. This study supports existing evidence that regulation of branching in T. repens is dominated by a root-derived stimulatory signal, initially distributed via the xylem, the characterization of which will progress the generic understanding of branching regulation. PMID:21071681

78 FR 9933 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-12

... meeting. The meeting will be closed to the public in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections... 20892, (Virtual Meeting). Contact Person: Charles N. Rafferty, Ph.D., Chief, Scientific Review Branch..., National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20817, 301-594-5019, charles[email protected] . (Catalogue of...

76 FR 24892 - National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-03

... meeting. The meeting will be closed to the public in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections..., (Telephone Conference Call). Contact Person: Charles N. Rafferty, PhD, Chief, Scientific Review Branch... Democracy Boulevard, Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20817, 301-594-5019, charles[email protected] . (Catalogue of...

75 FR 6042 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-05

... Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR). Date: March 8, 2010. Time: 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant... 20892. (Telephone Conference Call) Contact Person: Lakshmanan Sankaran, PhD, Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Room 755, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda...

76 FR 80955 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-27

... Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Special Emphasis Panel, Vitamin D and Diabetes. Date: January 25... Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Notice of Closed Meetings Pursuant to section 10(d) of the... Conference Call). Contact Person: D.G. Patel, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Review Branch, DEA, NIDDK...

Interactive Design and Visualization of Branched Covering Spaces.

PubMed

Roy, Lawrence; Kumar, Prashant; Golbabaei, Sanaz; Zhang, Yue; Zhang, Eugene

2018-01-01

Branched covering spaces are a mathematical concept which originates from complex analysis and topology and has applications in tensor field topology and geometry remeshing. Given a manifold surface and an -way rotational symmetry field, a branched covering space is a manifold surface that has an -to-1 map to the original surface except at the ramification points, which correspond to the singularities in the rotational symmetry field. Understanding the notion and mathematical properties of branched covering spaces is important to researchers in tensor field visualization and geometry processing, and their application areas. In this paper, we provide a framework to interactively design and visualize the branched covering space (BCS) of an input mesh surface and a rotational symmetry field defined on it. In our framework, the user can visualize not only the BCSs but also their construction process. In addition, our system allows the user to design the geometric realization of the BCS using mesh deformation techniques as well as connecting tubes. This enables the user to verify important facts about BCSs such as that they are manifold surfaces around singularities, as well as the Riemann-Hurwitz formula which relates the Euler characteristic of the BCS to that of the original mesh. Our system is evaluated by student researchers in scientific visualization and geometry processing as well as faculty members in mathematics at our university who teach topology. We include their evaluations and feedback in the paper.

Country of Origin and Country of Service Delivery Effects in Transnational Higher Education: A Comparison of International Branch Campuses from Developed and Developing Nations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chee, Chiu Mei; Butt, Muhammad Mohsin; Wilkins, Stephen; Ong, Fon Sim

2016-01-01

Over the last decade, international branch campuses have been established by universities from developing countries as well as developed countries. Little research has been conducted into students' perceptions of branch campuses from different countries, or how universities from different countries compete in the increasingly competitive market. A…

Composite Overview and Composite Aerocover Overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Caraccio, Anne; Tate, LaNetra; Dokos, Adam; Taylor, Brian; Brown, Chad

2014-01-01

Materials Science Division within the Engineering Directorate tasked by the Ares Launch Vehicle Division (LX-V) and the Fluids Testing and Technology Development Branch (NE-F6) to design, fabricate and test an aerodynamic composite shield for potential Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle infusion and a composite strut that will serve as a pathfinder in evaluating calorimeter data for the CRYOSTAT (cryogenic on orbit storage and transfer) Project. ATP project is to carry the design and development of the aerodynamic composite cover or "bracket" from cradle to grave including materials research, purchasing, design, fabrication, testing, analysis and presentation of the final product. Effort consisted of support from the Materials Testing & Corrosion Control Branch (NE-L2) for mechanical testing, the Prototype Development Branch (NE-L3) for CAD drawing, design/analysis, and fabrication, Materials & Processes Engineering Branch (NE-L4) for project management and materials selection; the Applied Physics Branch (NE-LS) for NDE/NDI support; and the Chemical Analysis Branch (NE-L6) for developmental systems evaluation. Funded by the Ares Launch Vehicle Division and the Fluids Testing and Technology Development Branch will provide ODC

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of The Structural Designing of Medical Informatics Dynamic Encyclopedia.

PubMed

Safdari, Reza; Shahmoradi, Leila; Hosseini-Beheshti, Molouk-Sadat; Nejad, Ahmadreza Farzaneh; Hosseiniravandi, Mohammad

2015-10-01

Encyclopedias and their compilation have become so prevalent as a valid cultural medium in the world. The daily development of computer industry and the expansion of various sciences have made indispensable the compilation of electronic, specialized encyclopedias, especially the web-based ones. This is an applied-developmental study conducted in 2014. First, the main terms in the field of medical informatics were gathered using MeSH Online 2014 and the supplementary terms of each were determined, and then the tree diagram of the terms was drawn based on their relationship in MeSH. Based on the studies done by the researchers, the tree diagram of the encyclopedia was drawn with respect to the existing areas in this field, and the terms gathered were put in related domains. In MeSH, 75 preferred terms together with 249 supplementary ones were indexed. One of the informatics' sub-branches is biomedical informatics and health which itself consists of three sub-divisions of bioinformatics, clinical informatics, and health informatics. Medical informatics which is a subdivision of clinical informatics has developed from the three fields of medical sciences, management and social sciences, and computational sciences and mathematics. Medical Informatics is created of confluence and fusion and applications of the three major scientific branches include health and biological sciences, social sciences and management sciences, computing and mathematical sciences, and according to that the structure of MeSH is weak for future development of Encyclopedia of Medical Informatics.

Direct observation of confined acoustic phonon polarization branches in free-standing semiconductor nanowires

DOE PAGES

Kargar, Fariborz; Debnath, Bishwajit; Kakko, Joona -Pekko; ...

2016-11-10

Similar to electron waves, the phonon states in semiconductors can undergo changes induced by external boundaries. However, despite strong scientific and practical importance, conclusive experimental evidence of confined acoustic phonon polarization branches in individual free-standing nanostructures is lacking. Here we report results of Brillouin-Mandelstam light scattering spectroscopy, which reveal multiple (up to ten) confined acoustic phonon polarization branches in GaAs nanowires with a diameter as large as 128 nm, at a length scale that exceeds the grey phonon mean-free path in this material by almost an order-of-magnitude. The dispersion modification and energy scaling with diameter in individual nanowires are inmore » excellent agreement with theory. The phonon confinement effects result in a decrease in the phonon group velocity along the nanowire axis and changes in the phonon density of states. Furthermore, the obtained results can lead to more efficient nanoscale control of acoustic phonons, with benefits for nanoelectronic, thermoelectric and spintronic devices.« less

The Impact of International Scientific Teams on Investigations of Yugoslavian Meteorites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolomejceva-Jovanovic, L.

2008-10-01

Investigations of scientific heritage is very important for every country. The evidence concerning the meteorites which have fallen upon the territory of former Yugoslavia can be a nice example. The samples of Yugoslav meteorites can be found in the biggest world museums of natural history (in Washington, Moscow, Vienna, Paris, Budapest, Berlin, Prague and London). In such a way scientists engaged in the area of meteorites, cosmochemistry, cosmic mineralogy, astrochemistry, astrophysics and other multidisciplinary scientific branches have the possibility to study these meteorites. The huge impact on the study of Yugoslav meteorites is given by international teams from Institute of Physics (Belgrade), Joint Institute for Nuclear Investigations (Dubna, Russia), Naturhistorisches Museum (Vienna, Austria), Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (Moscow, Russia) and Museum of Natural History (Belgrade).

Developmental Programming of Branching Morphogenesis in the Kidney

PubMed Central

Schneider, Laura; Al-Awqati, Qais

2015-01-01

The kidney developmental program encodes the intricate branching and organization of approximately 1 million functional units (nephrons). Branching regulation is poorly understood, as is the source of a 10-fold variation in nephron number. Notably, low nephron count increases the risk for developing hypertension and renal failure. To better understand the source of this variation, we analyzed the complete gestational trajectory of mouse kidney development. We constructed a computerized architectural map of the branching process throughout fetal life and found that organogenesis is composed of two distinct developmental phases, each with stage-specific rate and morphologic parameters. The early phase is characterized by a rapid acceleration in branching rate and by branching divisions that repeat with relatively reproducible morphology. The latter phase, however, is notable for a significantly decreased yet constant branching rate and the presence of nonstereotyped branching events that generate progressive variability in tree morphology until birth. Our map identifies and quantitates the contribution of four developmental mechanisms that guide organogenesis: growth, patterning, branching rate, and nephron induction. When applied to organs that developed under conditions of malnutrition or in the setting of growth factor mutation, our normative map provided an essential link between kidney architecture and the fundamental morphogenetic mechanisms that guide development. This morphogenetic map is expected to find widespread applications and help identify modifiable targets to prevent developmental programming of common diseases. PMID:25644110

Developmental Programming of Branching Morphogenesis in the Kidney.

PubMed

Sampogna, Rosemary V; Schneider, Laura; Al-Awqati, Qais

2015-10-01

The kidney developmental program encodes the intricate branching and organization of approximately 1 million functional units (nephrons). Branching regulation is poorly understood, as is the source of a 10-fold variation in nephron number. Notably, low nephron count increases the risk for developing hypertension and renal failure. To better understand the source of this variation, we analyzed the complete gestational trajectory of mouse kidney development. We constructed a computerized architectural map of the branching process throughout fetal life and found that organogenesis is composed of two distinct developmental phases, each with stage-specific rate and morphologic parameters. The early phase is characterized by a rapid acceleration in branching rate and by branching divisions that repeat with relatively reproducible morphology. The latter phase, however, is notable for a significantly decreased yet constant branching rate and the presence of nonstereotyped branching events that generate progressive variability in tree morphology until birth. Our map identifies and quantitates the contribution of four developmental mechanisms that guide organogenesis: growth, patterning, branching rate, and nephron induction. When applied to organs that developed under conditions of malnutrition or in the setting of growth factor mutation, our normative map provided an essential link between kidney architecture and the fundamental morphogenetic mechanisms that guide development. This morphogenetic map is expected to find widespread applications and help identify modifiable targets to prevent developmental programming of common diseases. Copyright © 2015 by the American Society of Nephrology.

Experience of High School Cooperation with Manufacturing Enterprise While Training Rocket and Space Industry Experts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novykov, O.; Dzhur, Y.; Perlyk, V.

2002-01-01

Cooperation between Yuzhnoye SDO and Dniepropetrovsk National University (Physical and Engineering Institute) constitutes an example for the efficient practical realization of the idea of integration of science, industry and education, i.e. scientists and industrial experts take an active part in educational process while teachers and students participate in resolution of vital scientific and technical problems. The report is devoted to a summary analysis of such cooperation, which during the creation of Dniepropetrovsk Rocket Center, the largest in the former USSR, helped solving the relevant employment issues and contributed to foundation of Dniepropetrovsk scientific rocket school in the shortest possible time. Later, the cooperation was of avail in adequate reinforcement of the rocket and space industry with highly skilled experts (more than 20 thousand experts have graduated during 50 years). The University department branches representative of principal schools, i.e. rocket and spacecraft design and manufacture, engine design, automated control systems, production practice etc. established at the company's premises resolve vital issues related to improvement of expert training reliability. The department branches successfully resolve the tasks associated with prompt adaptation of the experts by comprehensively accounting both for the needs of the industry and the company's development outlook as well as by involving up-to-date manufacturing equipment in educational process, during researches, etc. Recently a new entity has been established playing an important role in building a continuous aerospace education system. This entity is called the National Center for aerospace education of Ukrainian youth, which unites high and higher school students, young scientists, and allows resolving different tasks ranging from searching and selecting gifted youth to training of highly skilled scientists.

Measurement of the absolute branching fraction of D+ → K̅0 e+νe via K̅0 → π 0 π 0

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ablikim, M.; Achasov, M. N.; Ai, X. C.; Albayrak, O.; Albrecht, M.; Ambrose, D. J.; Amoroso, A.; An, F. F.; An, Q.; Bai, J. Z.; Baldini Ferroli, R.; Ban, Y.; Bennett, D. W.; Bennett, J. V.; Bertani, M.; Bettoni, D.; Bian, J. M.; Bianchi, F.; Boger, E.; Boyko, I.; Briere, R. A.; Cai, H.; Cai, X.; Cakir, O.; Calcaterra, A.; Cao, G. F.; Cetin, S. A.; Chang, J. F.; Chelkov, G.; Chen, G.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, H. Y.; Chen, J. C.; Chen, M. L.; Chen, S.; Chen, S. J.; Chen, X.; Chen, X. R.; Chen, Y. B.; Cheng, H. P.; Chu, X. K.; Cibinetto, G.; Dai, H. L.; Dai, J. P.; Dbeyssi, A.; Dedovich, D.; Deng, Z. Y.; Denig, A.; Denysenko, I.; Destefanis, M.; De Mori, F.; Ding, Y.; Dong, C.; Dong, J.; Dong, L. Y.; Dong, M. Y.; Dou, Z. L.; Du, S. X.; Duan, P. F.; Fan, J. Z.; Fang, J.; Fang, S. S.; Fang, X.; Fang, Y.; Farinelli, R.; Fava, L.; Fedorov, O.; Feldbauer, F.; Felici, G.; Feng, C. Q.; Fioravanti, E.; Fritsch, M.; Fu, C. D.; Gao, Q.; Gao, X. L.; Gao, X. Y.; Gao, Y.; Gao, Z.; Garzia, I.; Goetzen, K.; Gong, L.; Gong, W. X.; Gradl, W.; Greco, M.; Gu, M. H.; Gu, Y. T.; Guan, Y. H.; Guo, A. Q.; Guo, L. B.; Guo, R. P.; Guo, Y.; Guo, Y. P.; Haddadi, Z.; Hafner, A.; Han, S.; Hao, X. Q.; Harris, F. A.; He, K. L.; Held, T.; Heng, Y. K.; Hou, Z. L.; Hu, C.; Hu, H. M.; Hu, J. F.; Hu, T.; Hu, Y.; Huang, G. S.; Huang, J. S.; Huang, X. T.; Huang, X. Z.; Huang, Y.; Huang, Z. L.; Hussain, T.; Ji, Q.; Ji, Q. P.; Ji, X. B.; Ji, X. L.; Jiang, L. W.; Jiang, X. S.; Jiang, X. Y.; Jiao, J. B.; Jiao, Z.; Jin, D. P.; Jin, S.; Johansson, T.; Julin, A.; Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N.; Kang, X. L.; Kang, X. S.; Kavatsyuk, M.; Ke, B. C.; Kiese, P.; Kliemt, R.; Kloss, B.; Kolcu, O. B.; Kopf, B.; Kornicer, M.; Kupsc, A.; Kühn, W.; Lange, J. S.; Lara, M.; Larin, P.; Leng, C.; Li, C.; Li, Cheng; Li, D. M.; Li, F.; Li, F. Y.; Li, G.; Li, H. B.; Li, H. J.; Li, J. C.; Li, Jin; Li, K.; Li, K.; Li, Lei; Li, P. R.; Li, Q. Y.; Li, T.; Li, W. D.; Li, W. G.; Li, X. L.; Li, X. N.; Li, X. Q.; Li, Y. B.; Li, Z. B.; Liang, H.; Liang, Y. F.; Liang, Y. T.; Liao, G. R.; Lin, D. X.; Liu, B.; Liu, B. J.; Liu, C. X.; Liu, D.; Liu, F. H.; Liu, Fang; Liu, Feng; Liu, H. B.; Liu, H. H.; Liu, H. H.; Liu, H. M.; Liu, J.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, J. P.; Liu, J. Y.; Liu, K.; Liu, K. Y.; Liu, L. D.; Liu, P. L.; Liu, Q.; Liu, S. B.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y. B.; Liu, Z. A.; Liu, Zhiqing; Loehner, H.; Lou, X. C.; Lü, H. J.; Lü, J. G.; Lu, Y.; Lu, Y. P.; Luo, C. L.; Luo, M. X.; Luo, T.; Luo, X. L.; Lü, X. R.; Ma, F. C.; Ma, H. L.; Ma, L. L.; Ma, M. M.; Ma, Q. M.; Ma, T.; Ma, X. N.; Ma, X. Y.; Ma, Y. M.; Maas, F. E.; Maggiora, M.; Mao, Y. J.; Mao, Z. P.; Marcello, S.; Messchendorp, J. G.; Min, J.; Min, T. J.; Mitchell, R. E.; Mo, X. H.; Mo, Y. J.; Morales Morales, C.; Muchnoi, N. Yu.; Muramatsu, H.; Nefedov, Y.; Nerling, F.; Nikolaev, I. B.; Ning, Z.; Nisar, S.; Niu, S. L.; Niu, X. Y.; Olsen, S. L.; Ouyang, Q.; Pacetti, S.; Pan, Y.; Patteri, P.; Pelizaeus, M.; Peng, H. P.; Peters, K.; Pettersson, J.; Ping, J. L.; Ping, R. G.; Poling, R.; Prasad, V.; Qi, H. R.; Qi, M.; Qian, S.; Qiao, C. F.; Qin, L. Q.; Qin, N.; Qin, X. S.; Qin, Z. H.; Qiu, J. F.; Rashid, K. H.; Redmer, C. F.; Ripka, M.; Rong, G.; Rosner, Ch.; Ruan, X. D.; Sarantsev, A.; Savrié, M.; Schoenning, K.; Schumann, S.; Shan, W.; Shao, M.; Shen, C. P.; Shen, P. X.; Shen, X. Y.; Sheng, H. Y.; Shi, M.; Song, W. M.; Song, X. Y.; Sosio, S.; Spataro, S.; Sun, G. X.; Sun, J. F.; Sun, S. S.; Sun, X. H.; Sun, Y. J.; Sun, Y. Z.; Sun, Z. J.; Sun, Z. T.; Tang, C. J.; Tang, X.; Tapan, I.; Thorndike, E. H.; Tiemens, M.; Ullrich, M.; Uman, I.; Varner, G. S.; Wang, B.; Wang, B. L.; Wang, D.; Wang, D. Y.; Wang, K.; Wang, L. L.; Wang, L. S.; Wang, M.; Wang, P.; Wang, P. L.; Wang, W.; Wang, W. P.; Wang, X. F.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y. D.; Wang, Y. F.; Wang, Y. Q.; Wang, Z.; Wang, Z. G.; Wang, Z. H.; Wang, Z. Y.; Wang, Z. Y.; Weber, T.; Wei, D. H.; Weidenkaff, P.; Wen, S. P.; Wiedner, U.; Wolke, M.; Wu, L. H.; Wu, L. J.; Wu, Z.; Xia, L.; Xia, L. G.; Xia, Y.; Xiao, D.; Xiao, H.; Xiao, Z. J.; Xie, Y. G.; Xiu, Q. L.; Xu, G. F.; Xu, J. J.; Xu, L.; Xu, Q. J.; Xu, Q. N.; Xu, X. P.; Yan, L.; Yan, W. B.; Yan, W. C.; Yan, Y. H.; Yang, H. J.; Yang, H. X.; Yang, L.; Yang, Y. X.; Ye, M.; Ye, M. H.; Yin, J. H.; Yu, B. X.; Yu, C. X.; Yu, J. S.; Yuan, C. Z.; Yuan, W. L.; Yuan, Y.; Yuncu, A.; Zafar, A. A.; Zallo, A.; Zeng, Y.; Zeng, Z.; Zhang, B. X.; Zhang, B. Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, C. C.; Zhang, D. H.; Zhang, H. H.; Zhang, H. Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J. J.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, J. Q.; Zhang, J. W.; Zhang, J. Y.; Zhang, J. Z.; Zhang, K.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, S. Q.; Zhang, X. Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y. H.; Zhang, Y. N.; Zhang, Y. T.; Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Z. H.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhang, Z. Y.; Zhao, G.; Zhao, J. W.; Zhao, J. Y.; Zhao, J. Z.; Zhao, Lei; Zhao, Ling; Zhao, M. G.; Zhao, Q.; Zhao, Q. W.; Zhao, S. J.; Zhao, T. C.; Zhao, Y. B.; Zhao, Z. G.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zheng, B.; Zheng, J. P.; Zheng, W. J.; Zheng, Y. H.; Zhong, B.; Zhou, L.; Zhou, X.; Zhou, X. K.; Zhou, X. R.; Zhou, X. Y.; Zhu, K.; Zhu, K. J.; Zhu, S.; Zhu, S. H.; Zhu, X. L.; Zhu, Y. C.; Zhu, Y. S.; Zhu, Z. A.; Zhuang, J.; Zotti, L.; Zou, B. S.; Zou, J. H.; BESIII Collaboration

2016-11-01

By analyzing 2.93 fb-1 data collected at the center-of-mass energy with the BESIII detector, we measure the absolute branching fraction of the semileptonic decay D+ → K̅0 e+νe to be ℬ(D + → K̅0 e+νe) = (8.59 ± 0.14 ± 0.21)% using , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. Our result is consistent with previous measurements within uncertainties.. Supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2009CB825204, 2015CB856700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (10935007, 11125525, 11235011, 11305180, 11322544, 11335008, 11425524, 11475123), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Program, CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP), Collaborative Innovation Center for Particles and Interactions (CICPI), Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of NSFC and CAS (11179007, U1232201, U1332201, U1532101), CAS (KJCX2-YW-N29, KJCX2-YW-N45), 100 Talents Program of CAS, National 1000 Talents Program of China, INPAC and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, German Research Foundation DFG (Collaborative Research Center CRC-1044), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) (530-4CDP03), Ministry of Development of Turkey (DPT2006K-120470), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11405046, U1332103), Russian Foundation for Basic Research (14-07-91152), Swedish Resarch Council, U. S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-04ER41291, DE-FG02-05ER41374, DE-SC0012069, DESC0010118), U.S. National Science Foundation, University of Groningen (RuG) and Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Darmstadt, WCU Program of National Research Foundation of Korea (R32-2008-000-10155-0).

Characteristics of Four Plant Species Used for Soil Bioengineering Techniques in River Bank Stabilization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Y.; Gao, J. R.; Lou, H. P.; Zhang, J. R.; Rauch, H. P.

2010-05-01

Use the potential values of soil bioengineering techniques are important for the wide attention river ecological restoration works in Beijing. At first, demand for basic knowledge of the technical and biological properties of plants is essential for development of such techniques. Species for each chosen plant material type should be selected with an emphasis on the following: suitability for anticipated environment conditions, reasonable availability in desired quantity and probability of successful establishment. Account on these criteria, four species which used as live staking and rooted cutting techniques were selected, namely, Salix X aureo-pendula, Salix cheilophila, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and Amorpha fruticosa L.. And monitoring work was performed on three construction sites of Beijing. Various survival rates and morphological parameters data were collected. Concerning plants hydraulic and hydrological behavior, bending tests were used to analysis the flexibility of each plant species. The results from rate and morphological parameters monitoring show that: Salix cheilophila performed the best. Other three plants behaved satisfactorily in shoots or roots development respectively. In the bending test mornitoring, Salix cheilophila branch had the least broken number. Then were Salix X aureo-pendula and Amorpha fruticosa L.. Vitex negundo var. branch had the highest broken number, but it tolerated the highest amount of stress. All plant species should be considered in the future scientific research and construction works in Beijing. Keywords: River bank stabilization, live staking, rooted cutting

Development from the seafloor to the sea surface of the cabled NEMO-SN1 observatory in the Western Ionian Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sparnocchia, Stefania; Beranzoli, Laura; Borghini, Mireno; Durante, Sara; Favali, Paolo; Giovanetti, Gabriele; Italiano, Francesco; Marinaro, Giuditta; Meccia, Virna; Papaleo, Riccardo; Riccobene, Giorgio; Schroeder, Katrin

2015-04-01

A prototype of cabled deep-sea observatory has been operating in real-time since 2005 in Southern Italy (East Sicily, 37°30' N - 15°06'E), at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbor of the city of Catania. It is the first-established real-time node of the "European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory" (EMSO, http://www.emso-eu.org) a research infrastructure of the Sector Environment of ESFRI. In the present configuration it consists of two components: the multi-parametric station NEMO-SN1 (TSN branch) equipped with geophysical and environmental sensors for measurements at the seafloor, and the NEMO-OνDE station (TSS branch) equipped with 4 wideband hydrophones. A 28 km long electro-optical cable connects the observatory to a shore laboratory in the Catania harbor, hosting the data acquisition system and supplying power and data transmission to the underwater instrumentation. The NEMO-SN1 observatory is located in an area particularly suited to multidisciplinary studies. The site is one of the most seismically active areas of the Mediterranean (some of the strongest earthquakes occurred in 1169, 1693 and 1908, also causing very intense tsunami waves) and is close to Mount Etna, one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. The deployment area is also a key site for monitoring deep-water dynamics in the Ionian Sea, connecting the Levantine basin to the southern Adriatic basin where intermediate and deep waters are formed, and finally to the western Mediterranean Sea via the Strait of Sicily. The observatory is being further developed under EMSO MedIT (http://www.emso-medit.it/en/), a structural enhancement project contributing to the consolidation and enhancement of the European research infrastructure EMSO in Italian Convergence Regions. In this framework, a new Junction Box will be connected to the TSN branch and will provide wired and wireless (acoustic connections) for seafloor platforms and moorings. This will allow the implementation of new measurement capabilities at seafloor and along the water column with sensors for measurements of physical-chemical (pressure, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pCO2, currents) and geophysical (magnetometer, seismometer and gravity meter) parameters. An imaging system for deep sea fauna will be deployed very soon at TSS. Furthermore, the data acquisition/elaboration system will be enhanced, and data will be shared in near real time through the Catania node of the high-speed telecommunication network for University and Scientific Research. An Open Access policy is adopted to favour the access of the international scientific community. According to the EMSO business plan and EC recommendations, the enhanced infrastructure will be open to scientists, companies and public actors on excellence research basis, for the development of innovative scientific and technological research products. The existing seafloor module is already offering this service under the TNA program of FixO3 EC Project (www.fixo3.eu). The ongoing development of NEMO-SN1 will strengthen its capabilities to monitor long-term variability of key physical, geophysical and biogeochemical parameters, with applications, for example, in studies on modifications of the properties of water masses and the marine circulation, changes in marine chemistry, with particular emphasis on the carbon system and its role in ocean acidification, evolving trends in global sea level, and to address geo-hazards issues, such as earthquake and tsunami risks, volcanic risk, instability and collapse of the slopes.

Evolution of the Virtualized HPC Infrastructure of Novosibirsk Scientific Center

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adakin, A.; Anisenkov, A.; Belov, S.; Chubarov, D.; Kalyuzhny, V.; Kaplin, V.; Korol, A.; Kuchin, N.; Lomakin, S.; Nikultsev, V.; Skovpen, K.; Sukharev, A.; Zaytsev, A.

2012-12-01

Novosibirsk Scientific Center (NSC), also known worldwide as Akademgorodok, is one of the largest Russian scientific centers hosting Novosibirsk State University (NSU) and more than 35 research organizations of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences including Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Institute of Computational Technologies, and Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics (ICM&MG). Since each institute has specific requirements on the architecture of computing farms involved in its research field, currently we've got several computing facilities hosted by NSC institutes, each optimized for a particular set of tasks, of which the largest are the NSU Supercomputer Center, Siberian Supercomputer Center (ICM&MG), and a Grid Computing Facility of BINP. A dedicated optical network with the initial bandwidth of 10 Gb/s connecting these three facilities was built in order to make it possible to share the computing resources among the research communities, thus increasing the efficiency of operating the existing computing facilities and offering a common platform for building the computing infrastructure for future scientific projects. Unification of the computing infrastructure is achieved by extensive use of virtualization technology based on XEN and KVM platforms. This contribution gives a thorough review of the present status and future development prospects for the NSC virtualized computing infrastructure and the experience gained while using it for running production data analysis jobs related to HEP experiments being carried out at BINP, especially the KEDR detector experiment at the VEPP-4M electron-positron collider.

ILU industrial electron accelerators for medical-product sterilization and food treatment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bezuglov, V. V.; Bryazgin, A. A.; Vlasov, A. Yu.; Voronin, L. A.; Panfilov, A. D.; Radchenko, V. M.; Tkachenko, V. O.; Shtarklev, E. A.

2016-12-01

Pulse linear electron accelerators of the ILU type have been developed and produced by the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, for more than 30 years. Their distinctive features are simplicity of design, convenience in operation, and reliability during long work under conditions of industrial production. ILU accelerators have a range of energy of 0.7-10 MeV at a power of accelerated beam of up to 100 kW and they are optimally suitable for use as universal sterilizing complexes. The scientific novelty of these accelerators consists of their capability to work both in the electron-treatment mode of production and in the bremsstrahlung generation mode, which has high penetrating power.

Role of TCP Gene BRANCHED1 in the Control of Shoot Branching in Arabidopsis.

PubMed

Poza-Carrión, César; Aguilar-Martínez, José Antonio; Cubas, Pilar

2007-11-01

Branching patterns are major determinants of plant architecture. They depend both on leaf phillotaxy (branch primordia are formed in the axils of leaves) and on the decision of buds to grow out to give a branch or to remain dormant. In Arabidopsis, several genes involved in the long-distance signalling of the control of branch outgrowth have been identified. However, the genes acting inside the buds to cause growth arrest remained unknown until now. In the February issue of Plant Cell we have described the function of BRANCHED1 (BRC1), an Arabidopsis gene coding for a plant-specific transcription factor of the TCP family that is expressed in the buds and prevents their development. Loss of BRC1 function leads to accelerated AM initiation, precocious progression of bud development and excess of shoot branching. BRC1 transcription is affected by endogenous and environmental signals controlling branching and we have shown that BRC1 function mediates the response to these stimuli. Therefore we have proposed that BRC1 function represents the point at which signals controlling branching are integrated within axillary buds.

Field and office instructions in stream gauging for the Hydrological Survey of Zambia

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bidwell, L.E.

1971-01-01

The importance of water to the basic needs of man is self- evident and needs no particular emphasis. The importance of water to a developing economy cannot be overemphasized. A few decades ago, hydrology was a division of hydraulic engineering and was a tool for project survey, plan, and design. Today hydrology still remains an important part of planning and management of water use projects, but it is imperative that surface and ground-water basic data networks be designed and operated from the standpoint of both present and future water needs. Water problems are ever increasing and ever changing and preparation for the future water demands of Zambia requires knowledge of the hydrology of the country instead of the examination of piecemeal samples for each water use project. The hydrologic survey of Zambia needs to be under the guidance of competent and imaginative hydrologists solidly trained in all elements of basic data collection and analysis and not in the hands of water project planners. Hydrology is a science which requires the highest order of teamwork and the hydrologist will need the help and advice of many employees within the organization to operate the network, provide adequate research, and examine the water needs of the country. It must be thoroughly understood that communication is essential between the hydrological survey and water project planners from both the government and private sectors. It is very important to define the aims and duties of the Hydrological Branch of the Water Affairs Department in a clear cut "Statement of Policy". Personal copies of the statement should be made available to all professional employees and technicians. The reasons for the existence of the Branch may be self-apparent to heads of the organization, but to all other employees the reasons may be vague and unknown. Every member of the technical and administrative staff would benefit by an understanding of the purpose of his work. Nebulous ideas of the function of a hydrological survey of Zambia serve little purpose to the employee making the plans or those who execute them. A dissemination and free flow of ideas in all directions is necessary in any scientific and creative organization. The primary functions of the Hydrological Branch of the Water Affairs Department of Zambia are twofold: Water resource appraisal which includes the inventory of all surface and ground waters;Research, both basic and applied, in the science of water.Possibly some function regarding water law is also conceivable, although attachment of a law enforcement function to water-resource investigations might weaken the position of the Branch as an unbiased scientific organization.As the collection of basic streamflow data is a primary function of the Branch the following instructions for the collection, analysis and computation of streamflow records have been written.

75 FR 20783 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans: Tennessee; Visibility Impairment Prevention...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-21

...-2010-0150,'' Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management... Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency... at the Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management...

The experience of the Antarctic Seismic Data Library System (SDLS) as a hub for researchers in antarctic crustal studies.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diviacco, Paolo; Wardell, Nigel

2010-05-01

The SDLS was created in April 1991 under the auspices of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research to provide open access to Antarctic multichannel seismic-reflection data (MCS) for use in cooperative research projects. The SDLS operates under the mandates of the Antarctic Treaty System, by which all institutions that collect MCS data in Antarctica must submit their MCS data to the SDLS. The SDLS has library branches worldwide at which researchers may view and study the MCS data. MCS data are submitted to the SDLS within 4 years of collection and remain in the library under SDLS guidelines until 8 years after collection. Thereafter, the data go to World Data Centers or equivalents for unrestricted use. The SDLS offers a clearing house, based at Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS) where data are processed when needed and georeferenced, so that the end user can be provided with usable, although basic, post-stack seismic sections. Re-processing of data is beyond the scope of the SDLS, so that if a researcher is interested in reviewing pre-stack data he/she must resort to the data owner. So far 228,000 km of seismic data have been made public in all sectors of the Antarctic region. To augment the concept of physical repositories where data can be accessed by researchers travelling to one of the branches or from where data could be copied to digital media and sent to users, in 2003 it was decided to develop a web interface where data could be searched for and accessed directly. At that moment no previous non-commercial experience was available in this data field, so that the system was designed from scratch. Several technologies were introduced, tested, and after a period of use, reviewed and tuned. Particular attention was devoted to the seismic data viewing facility, which was tailored to the needs of a community with specific practices and legacies. Seismic data are sensitive data that are very important for the E&P industry, so that scientific exploitation of this data type could have economic consequences. At the same time research institutes are interested in using their data to foster their collaborative relations with other scientific institutions, which for them could mean entering new scientific projects. Therefore it is very important to balance the mental habit to be "open" with the need to control how data is used. In this, the timing of release of data into the public domain, mandated by the Antarctic treaty, allows to a progression in the access to the data in the first 4 and 8 years, that guarantee to the data owner a complete control over their data but also gives visibility within the scientific community of the achievements realised. One of the main tasks of the web based part of the SDLS initiative was to develop and test tools that could be useful in this direction.

Crown development in a pioneer tree, Rhus trichocarpa, in relation to the structure and growth of individual branches.

PubMed

Osada, Noriyuki

2006-01-01

Based on an allometric reconstruction, the structure and biomass-allocation patterns of branches and current-year shoots were investigated in branches of various heights in the pioneer tree Rhus trichocarpa, to evaluate how crown development is achieved and limited in association with height. Path analysis was conducted to explore the effects of light availability, basal height and size of individual branches on branch structure and growth. Branch angle was affected by basal height, whereas branch mass was influenced primarily by light availability. This result suggests that branch structure is strongly constrained by basal height, and that trees mediate such constraints under different light environments. Previous-year leaf area and light availability showed positive effects on current-year stem mass. In contrast, branch basal height and mass negatively affected current-year stem mass. Moreover, the length of stems of a given diameter decreased with increasing branch height. Therefore the cost of biomass investment for a unit growth in length is greater for branches of larger size and at upper positions. Vertical growth rate in length decreased with increasing height. Height-dependent changes in stem allometry and angle influenced the reduction in vertical growth rate to a similar degree.

Structural development of redwood branches and its effects on wood growth.

PubMed

Kramer, Russell D; Sillett, Stephen C; Carroll, Allyson L

2014-03-01

Redwood branches provide all the carbohydrates for the most carbon-heavy forests on Earth, and recent whole-tree measurements have quantified trunk growth rates associated with complete branch inventories. Providing all of a tree's photosynthetic capacity, branches represent an increasing proportion of total aboveground wood production as trees enlarge. To examine branch development and its effects on wood volume growth, we dissected 31 branches from eight Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. and seven Sequoiadendron giganteum Lindl. trees. The cambium-area-to-leaf-area ratio was maintained with size and age but increased with light availability, whereas the heartwood-deposition-area-to-leaf-area ratio increased with size and age but was insensitive to light availability. The proportion of foliage mass arrayed in <1-cm-diameter epicormic shoots increased with decreasing light and was higher in Sequoia (20-60%) than in Sequoiadendron (3-16%). Well-illuminated branches concentrated leaves higher and distally, while shaded branches distributed leaves lower and proximally. In similar light environments, older branches distributed leaves lower and more proximally than younger branches. Branch size, light, species, heartwood area, a heartwood-area-species interaction, and ovulate cone mass predicted 87.5% of the variability in wood volume growth of branches. After accounting for the positive effects of size and light, wood volume growth declined with heartwood area and age. The effect of age was trivial compared to the effect of heartwood area, suggesting that heartwood expansion caused the age-related decline in wood volume growth. Additionally, Sequoiadendron branches of similar size and light environment with more ovulate cones produced less wood, even though these cones were long-lived and photosynthetic, reflecting the energetic cost of seed production. These results contributed to a conceptual model of branch development in which light availability, injury, heartwood content, gravity, and time interact to produce the high degree of branch structural variation evident within redwood crowns.

Computational complexity of Boolean functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Korshunov, Aleksei D.

2012-02-01

Boolean functions are among the fundamental objects of discrete mathematics, especially in those of its subdisciplines which fall under mathematical logic and mathematical cybernetics. The language of Boolean functions is convenient for describing the operation of many discrete systems such as contact networks, Boolean circuits, branching programs, and some others. An important parameter of discrete systems of this kind is their complexity. This characteristic has been actively investigated starting from Shannon's works. There is a large body of scientific literature presenting many fundamental results. The purpose of this survey is to give an account of the main results over the last sixty years related to the complexity of computation (realization) of Boolean functions by contact networks, Boolean circuits, and Boolean circuits without branching. Bibliography: 165 titles.

The burgeoning science of genetics and the impact on public policy.

PubMed

Hatch, Orrin G

2004-01-01

The legislative branch of government often wrestles with the challenges of public policy issues in the health care area that raise multi-dimensional questions that cut across disciplines of science, law, economics, and ethics. Sometimes the purely scientific issues can be confounding by themselves. This article highlights some key policy issues that require consideration in the post-genome era.

EHS and FME Lend Their Expertise to NCI Campus Refurbishment Project | Poster

Cancer.gov

In October 2015, the NCI executive officer and the director of NCI’s Office of Space and Facilities Management (OSFM) announced a wide-ranging refurbishment plan for NCI at Frederick. Since then, a project team comprising members from the Office of Scientific Operations, the Management Operations Support Branch, OSFM, the Center for Cancer Research, the Environment, Health,

Can You Dig It? An Archaeology Unit Can Make Scientific Research Inviting and Fun

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Alice

2005-01-01

Since archaeology is a branch of science that interests so many kids, Alice Robinson based a 10-week lesson for her sixth grade class on the subject. First, she prominently displayed archaeology books in the library, including Ancient Times by Guy Austrian and Archaeology for Kids by Richard Panchyk. After explaining the definition of archaeology…

75 FR 29699 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans: Florida; Approval of Section 110(a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-27

... Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental...: Lynorae Benjamin, Chief, Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics... Bradley, Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management...

CERN-derived analysis of lunar radiation backgrounds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, Thomas L.; Svoboda, Robert

1993-01-01

The Moon produces radiation which background-limits scientific experiments there. Early analyses of these backgrounds have either failed to take into consideration the effect of charm in particle physics (because they pre-dated its discovery), or have used branching ratios which are no longer strictly valid (due to new accelerator data). We are presently investigating an analytical program for deriving muon and neutrino spectra generated by the Moon, converting an existing CERN computer program known as GEANT which does the same for the Earth. In so doing, this will (1) determine an accurate prompt neutrino spectrum produced by the lunar surface; (2) determine the lunar subsurface particle flux; (3) determine the consequence of charm production physics upon the lunar background radiation environment; and (4) provide an analytical tool for the NASA astrophysics community with which to begin an assessment of the Moon as a scientific laboratory versus its particle radiation environment. This will be done on a recurring basis with the latest experimental results of the particle data groups at Earth-based high-energy accelerators, in particular with the latest branching ratios for charmed meson decay. This will be accomplished for the first time as a full 3-dimensional simulation.

Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch. Report to the National Advisory Child Health and Human Development Council.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Inst. of Child Health and Human Development (NIH), Bethesda, MD. Center for Research for Mothers and Children.

This report describes current research activities and future plans of the Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS (PAMA) Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Center for Research for Mothers and Children. The mission statement of the Branch notes that PAMA develops, implements, and directs a wide range of…

Managing International Branch Campuses: Lessons Learnt from Eight Years on a Branch Campus in Malaysia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Christopher; Thabet, Rawy Abdelrahman

2018-01-01

Purpose: International branch campuses (IBCs) are complex entities and while much has been written about their expansion and development, the literature is largely from an external perspective. There have been few longitudinal studies examining the development of an IBC over time. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of one IBC…

Predicting the cover-up of dead branches using a simple single regressor equation

Treesearch

Christopher M. Oswalt; Wayne K. Clatterbuck; E.C. Burkhardt

2007-01-01

Information on the effects of branch diameter on branch occlusion is necessary for building models capable of forecasting the effect of management decisions on tree or log grade. We investigated the relationship between branch size and subsequent branch occlusion through diameter growth with special attention toward the development of a simple single regressor equation...

Phototropic growth in a reef flat acroporid branching coral species.

PubMed

Kaniewska, Paulina; Campbell, Paul R; Fine, Maoz; Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove

2009-03-01

Many terrestrial plants form complex morphological structures and will alter these growth patterns in response to light direction. Similarly reef building corals have high morphological variation across coral families, with many species also displaying phenotypic plasticity across environmental gradients. In particular, the colony geometry in branching corals is altered by the frequency, location and direction of branch initiation and growth. This study demonstrates that for the branching species Acropora pulchra, light plays a key role in axial polyp differentiation and therefore axial corallite development--the basis for new branch formation. A. pulchra branches exhibited a directional growth response, with axial corallites only developing when light was available, and towards the incident light. Field experimentation revealed that there was a light intensity threshold of 45 micromol m(-2) s(-1), below which axial corallites would not develop and this response was blue light (408-508 nm) dependent. There was a twofold increase in axial corallite growth above this light intensity threshold and a fourfold increase in axial corallite growth under the blue light treatment. These features of coral branch growth are highly reminiscent of the initiation of phototropic branch growth in terrestrial plants, which is directed by the blue light component of sunlight.

77 FR 35652 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designations of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-14

... Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency..., Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S... Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental...

DTRA's Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Research and Development Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nichols, J.; Dainty, A.; Phillips, J.

2001-05-01

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has a Program in Basic Research and Development for Nuclear Explosion Technology within the Nuclear Treaties Branch of the Arms Control Technology Division. While the funding justification is Arms Control Treaties (i.e., Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, CTBT), the results are made available for any user. Funding for the Program has averaged around \\10m per year recently. By Congressional mandate, the program has disbursed money through competitive, peer-reviewed, Program Research and Development Announcements (PRDAs); there is usually (but not always) a PRDA each year. Typical awards have been for about three years at ~\\100,000 per year, currently there are over 60 contracts in place. In addition to the "typical" awards, there was an initiative 2000 to fund seismic location calibration of the International Monitoring System (IMS) of the CTBT; there are three three-year contracts of ~\\$1,000,000 per year to perform such calibration for Eurasia, and North Africa and the Middle East. Scientifically, four technological areas have been funded, corresponding to the four technologies in the IMS: seismic, infrasound, hydroacoustic, and radionuclide, with the lion's share of the funding going to the seismic area. The scientific focus of the Program for all four technologies is detection of signals, locating their origin, and trying to determine of they are unambiguously natural in origin ("event screening"). Location has been a particular and continuing focus within the Program.

Design and development of an intelligent nursing bed - a pilot project of "joint assignment".

PubMed

Jiehui Jiang; Tingwei Liu; Yuting Zhang; Yu Song; Mi Zhou; Xiaosong Zheng; Zhuangzhi Yan

2017-07-01

The "joint assignment" is a creative bachelor education project for Biomedical Engineering (BME) in Shanghai University (SHU), China. The objective of this project is to improve students' capabilities in design thinking and teamwork through practices in the process of the design and development of complex medical product. As the first step, a pilot project "design and development of intelligent nursing bed" was set up in May 2015. This paper describes details of how project organization and management, various teaching methods and scientific evaluation approaches were achieved in this pilot project. For example, a method containing one main line and four branches is taken to manage the project and "prototyping model" was used as the main research approach. As a result a multi-win situation was achieved. The results showed, firstly, 62 bachelor students including 16 BME students were well trained. They improved themselves in use of practical tools, communication skills and scientific writing; Secondly, commercial companies received a nice product design on intelligent nursing bed, and have been working on industrializing it; Thirdly, the university and associated schools obtained an excellent practical education experience to supplement traditional class education; Fourthly and most importantly, requirements from end-users will be met. The results also showed that the "joint assignment" task could become a significant component in BME bachelor education.

The Biological Implausibility of the Nature-Nurture Dichotomy & What It Means for the Study of Infancy.

PubMed

Lewkowicz, David J

2011-01-01

Since the time of the Greeks, philosophers and scientists have wondered about the origins of structure and function. Plato proposed that the origins of structure and function lie in the organism's nature whereas Aristotle proposed that they lie in its nurture. This nature/nurture dichotomy and the emphasis on the origins question has had a powerful effect on our thinking about development right into modern times. Despite this, empirical findings from various branches of developmental science have made a compelling case that the nature/nurture dichotomy is biologically implausible and, thus, that a search for developmental origins must be replaced by research into developmental processes. This change in focus recognizes that development is an immensely complex, dynamic, embedded, interdependent, and probabilistic process and, therefore, renders simplistic questions such as whether a particular behavioral capacity is innate or acquired scientifically uninteresting.

The Biological Implausibility of the Nature-Nurture Dichotomy & What It Means for the Study of Infancy

PubMed Central

Lewkowicz, David J.

2011-01-01

Since the time of the Greeks, philosophers and scientists have wondered about the origins of structure and function. Plato proposed that the origins of structure and function lie in the organism's nature whereas Aristotle proposed that they lie in its nurture. This nature/nurture dichotomy and the emphasis on the origins question has had a powerful effect on our thinking about development right into modern times. Despite this, empirical findings from various branches of developmental science have made a compelling case that the nature/nurture dichotomy is biologically implausible and, thus, that a search for developmental origins must be replaced by research into developmental processes. This change in focus recognizes that development is an immensely complex, dynamic, embedded, interdependent, and probabilistic process and, therefore, renders simplistic questions such as whether a particular behavioral capacity is innate or acquired scientifically uninteresting. PMID:21709807

Single-sided magnetic resonance profiling in biological and materials science.

PubMed

Danieli, Ernesto; Blümich, Bernhard

2013-04-01

Single-sided NMR was inspired by the oil industry that strived to improve the performance of well-logging tools to measure the properties of fluids confined downhole. This unconventional way of implementing NMR, in which stray magnetic and radio frequency fields are used to recover information of arbitrarily large objects placed outside the magnet, motivated the development of handheld NMR sensors. These devices have moved the technique to different scientific disciplines. The current work gives a review of the most relevant magnets and methodologies developed to generate NMR information from spatially localized regions of samples placed in close proximity to the sensors. When carried out systematically, such measurements lead to 'single-sided depth profiles' or one-dimensional images. This paper presents recent and most relevant applications as well as future perspectives of this growing branch of MRI. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Superradiant Quantum Heat Engine.

PubMed

Hardal, Ali Ü C; Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E

2015-08-11

Quantum physics revolutionized classical disciplines of mechanics, statistical physics, and electrodynamics. One branch of scientific knowledge however seems untouched: thermodynamics. Major motivation behind thermodynamics is to develop efficient heat engines. Technology has a trend to miniaturize engines, reaching to quantum regimes. Development of quantum heat engines (QHEs) requires emerging field of quantum thermodynamics. Studies of QHEs debate whether quantum coherence can be used as a resource. We explore an alternative where it can function as an effective catalyst. We propose a QHE which consists of a photon gas inside an optical cavity as the working fluid and quantum coherent atomic clusters as the fuel. Utilizing the superradiance, where a cluster can radiate quadratically faster than a single atom, we show that the work output becomes proportional to the square of the number of the atoms. In addition to practical value of cranking up QHE, our result is a fundamental difference of a quantum fuel from its classical counterpart.

BRAVO (Brazilian Astrophysical Virtual Observatory): data mining development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Carvalho, R. R.; Capelato, H. V.; Velho, H. C.

2007-08-01

The primary goal of the BRAVO project is to generate investment in information technology, with particular emphasis on datamining and statistical analysis. From a scientific standpoint, the participants assembled to date are engaged in several scientific projects in various fields of cosmology, astrophysics, and data analysis, with significant contributions from international partners. These scientists conduct research on clusters of galaxies, small groups of galaxies, elliptical galaxies, population synthesis, N-body simulations, and a variety of studies in stellar astrophysics. One of the main aspects of this project is the incorporation of these disparate areas of astrophysical research within the context of the coherent development of database technology.Observational cosmology is one of the branches of science experiencing the largest growth in the past few decades. large photometric and spectroscopic surveys have been carried out in both hemispheres. As a result, an extraordinary amount of data in all portions of the electromagnetic spectrum exists, but without standard techniques for storage and distribution. This project will utilize several specific astronomical databases, created to store data generated by several instruments (including SOAR, Gemini, BDA, etc), uniting them within a common framework and with standard interfaces. We are inviting members of the entire Brazilian astronomical community to partake in this effort. This will certainly impact both education and outreach efforts, as well as the future development of astrophysical research. Finally, this project will provide a constant investment in human resources. First, it will do so by stimulating ongoing short technical visits to Johns Hopkins University and Caltech. These will allow us to bring software technology and expertise in datamining back to Brazil. Second, we will organize the Summer School on Software Technology in Astrophysics, which will be designed to ensure that the Brazilian scientific community can take full advantage of the benefits offered by the VO project

Rapid Scientific Promotion of Scientific Productions in Stem Cells According to The Indexed Papers in The ISI (web of knowledge).

PubMed

Alijani, Rahim

2015-01-01

In recent years emphasis has been placed on evaluation studies and the publication of scientific papers in national and international journals. In this regard the publication of scientific papers in journals in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) database is highly recommended. The evaluation of scientific output via articles in journals indexed in the ISI database will enable the Iranian research authorities to allocate and organize research budgets and human resources in a way that maximises efficient science production. The purpose of the present paper is to publish a general and valid view of science production in the field of stem cells. In this research, outputs in the field of stem cell research are evaluated by survey research, the method of science assessment called Scientometrics in this branch of science. A total of 1528 documents was extracted from the ISI database and analysed using descriptive statistics software in Excel. The results of this research showed that 1528 papers in the stem cell field in the Web of Knowledge database were produced by Iranian researchers. The top ten Iranian researchers in this field have produced 936 of these papers, equivalent to 61.3% of the total. Among the top ten, Soleimani M. has occupied the first place with 181 papers. Regarding international scientific participation, Iranian researchers have cooperated to publish papers with researchers from 50 countries. Nearly 32% (452 papers) of the total research output in this field has been published in the top 10 journals. These results show that a small number of researchers have published the majority of papers in the stem cell field. International participation in this field of research unacceptably low. Such participation provides the opportunity to import modern science and international experience into Iran. This not only causes scientific growth, but also improves the research and enhances opportunities for employment and professional development. Iranian scientific outputs from stem cell research should not be limited to only a few specific journals.

2010 Military Family Life Project (MFLP): Tabulations of Response

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-02-28

the leadership of Timothy Elig, Director, Human Resources Strategic Assessment Program (HRSAP). Policy officials contributing to the development of...of Kristin Williams, Branch Chief, is responsible for the development of questionnaires used in the survey program. Laverne Wright, Chief of Survey...DMDC’s Personnel Survey Branch, under the guidance of Branch Chief, David McGrath, is responsible for developing the sampling and weighting methods

Bio-medicolegal scientific research in Europe. A country-based analysis.

PubMed

Viel, Guido; Boscolo-Berto, Rafael; Cecchi, Rossana; Bajanowski, Thomas; Vieira, Nuno Duarte; Ferrara, Santo Davide

2011-09-01

The European mosaic of socio-cultural, economic and legal realities is reflected in forensic and legal medicine, in which a great variety of operational modes of forensic medical services, organisational systems, structures, functional competences and scientific research strategies can be observed. The present work analyses the European bio-medicolegal scientific output of the last 5.5 years (exact time window, January 1, 2005-June 1, 2010), categorising papers by nationality of the corresponding author and forensic sub-discipline in question, in order to identify the peculiarities of national sub-specialised competences and to build up international research projects. This country-based bibliometric analysis, based on the number of articles and the impact factor produced by each European country, also considering its economic profile (gross domestic product and per capita gross domestic product), highlights the prevailing productive role of Western and Southern Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Switzerland, Spain and France). Categorising scientific output by forensic sub-discipline and branch, significant in terms of impact factor are contributions from Germany (coming first in Pathology, Toxicology, Genetics, Anthropology and Biological Criminalistics), Great Britain (first in Clinical Forensic Medicine, Malpractice and Invalidity-Social Insurance), Switzerland (first in Criminology), Italy (second in Toxicology, Anthropology and Invalidity-Social Insurance), The Netherlands (third in Clinical Forensic Medicine and Medical Law and Ethics), Spain (third in Genetics, Criminalistics and Invalidity-Social Insurance) and France (third in Toxicology and Malpractice). Interestingly, several countries with low gross domestic product, such as Poland, Turkey and other Eastern European nations, show notable scientific production in specific sub-disciplines such as Pathology, Toxicology and Forensic Genetics, suggesting that fruitful international cooperation could be planned and be of interest to funding sources within the European Community, also taking into account funds reserved for depressed areas undergoing development.

Home Away from Home?: A Case Study of Student Transitions to an International Branch Campus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cicchetti, Kaitlin Oyler

2017-01-01

This study explored the transition experience of home-campus students attending an international branch campus. The studied was informed by a diverse range of literature, including the internationalization of higher education and student affairs, development of international branch campuses, students in transition, the development of student…

Spatial mapping and quantification of developmental branching morphogenesis.

PubMed

Short, Kieran; Hodson, Mark; Smyth, Ian

2013-01-15

Branching morphogenesis is a fundamental developmental mechanism that shapes the formation of many organs. The complex three-dimensional shapes derived by this process reflect equally complex genetic interactions between branching epithelia and their surrounding mesenchyme. Despite the importance of this process to normal adult organ function, analysis of branching has been stymied by the absence of a bespoke method to quantify accurately the complex spatial datasets that describe it. As a consequence, although many developmentally important genes are proposed to influence branching morphogenesis, we have no way of objectively assessing their individual contributions to this process. We report the development of a method for accurately quantifying many aspects of branching morphogenesis and we demonstrate its application to the study of organ development. As proof of principle we have employed this approach to analyse the developing mouse lung and kidney, describing the spatial characteristics of the branching ureteric bud and pulmonary epithelia. To demonstrate further its capacity to profile unrecognised genetic contributions to organ development, we examine Tgfb2 mutant kidneys, identifying elements of both developmental delay and specific spatial dysmorphology caused by haplo-insufficiency for this gene. This technical advance provides a crucial resource that will enable rigorous characterisation of the genetic and environmental factors that regulate this essential and evolutionarily conserved developmental mechanism.

Format Guide for Scientific and Technical Reports.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

supported by the discussion. Graphkic Services The Graphic Services Section (Code 2632) provides a variety of layout and design services. Camera-ready artwork...complex typography , elaborate graphic elements, extensive computer printouts, and other unusual materials that explain the project. With few exceptions...2630 Publications Branch Office 222/253 72379 S Publications Control Center 222/253 73508 Editorial 222/253 72782 Graphic Services 222/234 72756 73989

Emotional Self-Efficacy among a Sample of Faculty Members and Its Relation to Gender (Male/Female), Experience, Qualification, and Specialization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abdel-Hadi, Samer A.

2017-01-01

The present study aimed to identify the level of emotional self-efficacy among a sample of faculty members who speak Arabic at the Abu Dhabi University. The study sample consisted of 99 faculty members Ph.D. and master's holders from scientific, social and education and management and humanities disciplines in University branches: Abu Dhabi and…

Unsupervised, Robust Estimation-based Clustering for Multispectral Images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Netanyahu, Nathan S.

1997-01-01

To prepare for the challenge of handling the archiving and querying of terabyte-sized scientific spatial databases, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Applied Information Sciences Branch (AISB, Code 935) developed a number of characterization algorithms that rely on supervised clustering techniques. The research reported upon here has been aimed at continuing the evolution of some of these supervised techniques, namely the neural network and decision tree-based classifiers, plus extending the approach to incorporating unsupervised clustering algorithms, such as those based on robust estimation (RE) techniques. The algorithms developed under this task should be suited for use by the Intelligent Information Fusion System (IIFS) metadata extraction modules, and as such these algorithms must be fast, robust, and anytime in nature. Finally, so that the planner/schedule module of the IlFS can oversee the use and execution of these algorithms, all information required by the planner/scheduler must be provided to the IIFS development team to ensure the timely integration of these algorithms into the overall system.

Treatment of industrial effluent water

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Levitskii, Yu.N.

1982-09-01

This article reports on a thematic exhibition on ''New Developments in Treatment of Natural and Effluent Water'' in the Sanitary-Technical Construction Section at the Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy of the USSR. The exhibition acquainted visitors with the achievements of leading organizations in different branches of industry with respect to treatment of natural and industrial effluent water. The Kharkov ''Vodkanalproekt'' Institute and the Kharkov affiliate of the All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Water and Geodesy has jointly developed a ''Polymer-25'' filter for removal of oil products from nonexplosive effluent water discharged by machine building plants. A Baku affiliate hasmore » developed a new ShFP-1 screw-type press filter for dewatering the sediments from water treatment plants as well as for sediments from chemical, food, and other types of plants. The State Institute for Applied Chemistry has designed a continuous process plant for treating effluent water and removing toxic organic waste by converting them into mineral salts with high efficiency.« less

Determinate growth and modularity in a gorgonian octocoral.

PubMed

Lasker, Howard R; Boller, Michael L; Castanaro, John; Sánchez, Juan Armando

2003-12-01

Growth rates of branches of colonies of the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae were monitored for 2 years on a reef at San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Images of 261 colonies were made at 6-month intervals and colony and branch growth analyzed. Branch growth rates differed between colonies and between the time intervals in which the measurements were made. Colonies developed a plumelike morphology through a pattern of branch origination and determinate growth in which branch growth rates were greatest at the time the branch originated and branches seldom grew beyond a length of 8 cm. A small number of branches had greater growth rates, did not stop growing, and were sites for the origination of subsequent "generations" of branches. The rate of branch origination decreased with each generation of branching, and branch growth rates were lower on larger colonies, leading to determinate colony growth. Although colonial invertebrates like P. elisabethae grow through the addition of polyps, branches behave as modules with determinate growth. Colony form and size is generated by the iterative addition of branches.

24 CFR 3280.804 - Disconnecting means and branch-circuit protective equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Disconnecting means and branch... SAFETY STANDARDS Electrical Systems § 3280.804 Disconnecting means and branch-circuit protective equipment. (a) The branch-circuit equipment is permitted to be combined with the disconnecting means as a...

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of The Structural Designing of Medical Informatics Dynamic Encyclopedia

PubMed Central

Safdari, Reza; Shahmoradi, Leila; Hosseini-beheshti, Molouk-sadat; Nejad, Ahmadreza Farzaneh; Hosseiniravandi, Mohammad

2015-01-01

Introduction: Encyclopedias and their compilation have become so prevalent as a valid cultural medium in the world. The daily development of computer industry and the expansion of various sciences have made indispensable the compilation of electronic, specialized encyclopedias, especially the web-based ones. Materials and Methods: This is an applied-developmental study conducted in 2014. First, the main terms in the field of medical informatics were gathered using MeSH Online 2014 and the supplementary terms of each were determined, and then the tree diagram of the terms was drawn based on their relationship in MeSH. Based on the studies done by the researchers, the tree diagram of the encyclopedia was drawn with respect to the existing areas in this field, and the terms gathered were put in related domains. Findings: In MeSH, 75 preferred terms together with 249 supplementary ones were indexed. One of the informatics’ sub-branches is biomedical informatics and health which itself consists of three sub-divisions of bioinformatics, clinical informatics, and health informatics. Medical informatics which is a subdivision of clinical informatics has developed from the three fields of medical sciences, management and social sciences, and computational sciences and mathematics. Results and Discussion: Medical Informatics is created of confluence and fusion and applications of the three major scientific branches include health and biological sciences, social sciences and management sciences, computing and mathematical sciences, and according to that the structure of MeSH is weak for future development of Encyclopedia of Medical Informatics. PMID:26635440

LTN Inlets and Nozzles Branch Overview; NASA GE - Methods Development Review

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Long-Davis, Mary Jo

2017-01-01

LTNInlets and Nozzles Branch Overview to be presented to GE during method review meeting. Presentation outlines the capabilities, facilities and tools used by the LTN Branch to conduct its mission of developing design and analysis tools and technologies for inlets and nozzles used on advanced vehicle concepts ranging from subsonic to hypersonic speeds.

KSC-2014-3658

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-29

KISSIMMEE, Fla. – Yves Lamothe of the NASA Technical Management Branch of Ground Systems Development and Operations Program speaks with guests at the Tom Joyner Family Reunion about ongoing work to convert the Kennedy Space Center into a 21st century spaceport. The Tom Joyner Family Reunion is designed to present uplifting programs, entertainment and information about growing, diverse communities. An annual event of the nationally-syndicated Tom Joyner Morning Show, the many exhibits included NASA's participation focusing on encouraging young people to consider studies and careers in STEM -- science, technology, engineering and math. NASA's Education Division promoted the benefits of math and scientific learning along with career opportunities offered by the space agency. The activities took place at the Gaylord Palms Resort in Kissimmee, Florida, during the Labor Day weekend. Photo credit: NASA/Daniel Casper

State-of-the-Art for Small Satellite Propulsion Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parker, Khary I.

2016-01-01

The NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC) is in the business of performing world-class, space-based, scientific research on various spacecraft platforms, which now include small satellites (SmallSats). In order to perform world class science on a SmallSat, NASA/GSFC requires that their components be highly reliable, high performing, have low power consumption, at the lowest cost possible. The Propulsion Branch (Code 597) at NASA/GSFC has conducted a SmallSat propulsion system survey to determine their availability and level of development. Based on publicly available information and unique features, this paper discusses some of the existing SmallSat propulsion systems.. The systems described in this paper do not indicate or imply any endorsement by NASA or NASA/GSFC over those not included.

Postdoctoral Fellow | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

The Neuro-Oncology Branch (NOB), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is seeking outstanding postdoctoral candidates interested in studying metabolic and cell signaling pathways in the context of brain cancers through construction of computational models amenable to formal computational analysis and simulation. The ability to closely collaborate with the modern metabolomics center developed at CCR provides a unique opportunity for a postdoctoral candidate with a strong theoretical background and interest in demonstrating the incredible potential of computational approaches to solve problems from scientific disciplines and improve lives. The candidate will be given the opportunity to both construct data-driven models, as well as biologically validate the models by demonstrating the ability to predict the effects of altering tumor metabolism in laboratory and clinical settings.

A Mathematical Study on “Additive Technique” Versus “Branch and Bound Technique” for Solving Binary Programming Problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sufahani, Suliadi; Ghazali Kamardan, M.; Saifullah Rusiman, Mohd; Mohamad, Mahathir; Khalid, Kamil; Ali, Maselan; Khalid, Kamal; Nawawi, MKM; Ahmad, Asmala

2018-04-01

A solid body needs adequate supplements from nourishment that we eat each day. Eating pretty much than what our body needs will prompt lack of healthy sustenance (under-nourishment and over-nourishment). In Malaysia, a few reviews have been directed to examine the wholesome status of Malaysians, particularly among youngsters and youths. However there are different methods for taking care of the menu arranging issue and in this paper Binary Programming (BP) is executed. Separately, “Additive Technique (AT)” and “Branch and Bound Technique (BBT)” are utilized as a part of BP. Both methodologies utilize diverse systems and might yield distinctive ideal arrangements. Along these lines, this study expects to build up a scientific model for eating regimen arranging that meets the essential supplement admission and look at the outcomes yield through additive substance and branch and bound methodologies. The information was gathered from different all inclusive schools and furthermore from the Ministry of Education. The model was illuminated by utilizing the Balas Algorithm through AT and Binary Programming through BBT.

High-Temperature, Thin-Film Ceramic Thermocouples Developed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sayir, Ali; Blaha, Charles A.; Gonzalez, Jose M.

2005-01-01

To enable long-duration, more distant human and robotic missions for the Vision for Space Exploration, as well as safer, lighter, quieter, and more fuel efficient vehicles for aeronautics and space transportation, NASA is developing instrumentation and material technologies. The high-temperature capabilities of thin-film ceramic thermocouples are being explored at the NASA Glenn Research Center by the Sensors and Electronics Branch and the Ceramics Branch in partnership with Case Western Reserve University (CWRU). Glenn s Sensors and Electronics Branch is developing thin-film sensors for surface measurement of strain, temperature, heat flux, and surface flow in propulsion system research. Glenn s Ceramics Branch, in conjunction with CWRU, is developing structural and functional ceramic technology for aeropropulsion and space propulsion.

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Iranian Researchers' Scientific Production in Dentistry Subfields.

PubMed

Yaminfirooz, Mousa; Motallebnejad, Mina; Gholinia, Hemmat; Esbakian, Somayeh

2015-10-01

As in other fields of medicine, scientific production in the field of dentistry has significant placement. This study aimed at quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating Iranian researchers' scientific output in the field of dentistry and determining their contribution in each of dentistry subfields and branches. This research was a scientometric study that applied quantitative and qualitative indices of Web of Science (WoS). Research population consisted of927indexed documents published under the name of Iran in the time span of 1993-2012 which were extracted from WoS on 10 March 2013. The Mann-Whitney test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to data analyses in SPSS 19. 777 (83. 73%) of indexed items of all scientific output in WoS were scientific articles. The highest growth rate of scientific productionwith90% belonged to endodontic sub field. The correlation coefficient test showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the number of documents and their publication age (P < 0. 0001). There was a significant difference between the mean number of published articles in the first ten- year (1993-2003) and that of the second one (2004-2013), in favor of the latter (P = 0. 001). The distribution frequencies of scientific production in various subfields of dentistry were very different. It needs to reinforce the infrastructure for more balanced scientific production in the field and its related subfields.

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Iranian Researchers’ Scientific Production in Dentistry Subfields

PubMed Central

Yaminfirooz, Mousa; Motallebnejad, Mina; Gholinia, Hemmat; Esbakian, Somayeh

2015-01-01

Background: As in other fields of medicine, scientific production in the field of dentistry has significant placement. This study aimed at quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating Iranian researchers’ scientific output in the field of dentistry and determining their contribution in each of dentistry subfields and branches. Methods: This research was a scientometric study that applied quantitative and qualitative indices of Web of Science (WoS). Research population consisted of927indexed documents published under the name of Iran in the time span of 1993-2012 which were extracted from WoS on 10 March 2013. The Mann-Whitney test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to data analyses in SPSS 19. Results: 777 (83. 73%) of indexed items of all scientific output in WoS were scientific articles. The highest growth rate of scientific productionwith90% belonged to endodontic sub field. The correlation coefficient test showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the number of documents and their publication age (P < 0. 0001). There was a significant difference between the mean number of published articles in the first ten- year (1993-2003) and that of the second one (2004-2013), in favor of the latter (P = 0. 001). Conclusions: The distribution frequencies of scientific production in various subfields of dentistry were very different. It needs to reinforce the infrastructure for more balanced scientific production in the field and its related subfields. PMID:26635439

A branching morphogenesis program governs embryonic growth of the thyroid gland

PubMed Central

Liang, Shawn; Johansson, Ellen; Barila, Guillermo; Altschuler, Daniel L.; Fagman, Henrik

2018-01-01

ABSTRACT The developmental program that regulates thyroid progenitor cell proliferation is largely unknown. Here, we show that branching-like morphogenesis is a driving force to attain final size of the embryonic thyroid gland in mice. Sox9, a key factor in branching organ development, distinguishes Nkx2-1+ cells in the thyroid bud from the progenitors that originally form the thyroid placode in anterior endoderm. As lobes develop the thyroid primordial tissue branches several generations. Sox9 and Fgfr2b are co-expressed distally in the branching epithelium prior to folliculogenesis. The thyroid in Fgf10 null mutants has a normal shape but is severely hypoplastic. Absence of Fgf10 leads to defective branching and disorganized angiofollicular units although Sox9/Fgfr2b expression and the ability of cells to differentiate and form nascent follicles are not impaired. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of thyroid development reminiscent of the Fgf10-Sox9 program that characterizes organogenesis in classical branching organs, and provide clues to aid understanding of how the endocrine thyroid gland once evolved from an exocrine ancestor present in the invertebrate endostyle. PMID:29361553

A branching morphogenesis program governs embryonic growth of the thyroid gland.

PubMed

Liang, Shawn; Johansson, Ellen; Barila, Guillermo; Altschuler, Daniel L; Fagman, Henrik; Nilsson, Mikael

2018-01-25

The developmental program that regulates thyroid progenitor cell proliferation is largely unknown. Here, we show that branching-like morphogenesis is a driving force to attain final size of the embryonic thyroid gland in mice. Sox9, a key factor in branching organ development, distinguishes Nkx2-1 + cells in the thyroid bud from the progenitors that originally form the thyroid placode in anterior endoderm. As lobes develop the thyroid primordial tissue branches several generations. Sox9 and Fgfr2b are co-expressed distally in the branching epithelium prior to folliculogenesis. The thyroid in Fgf10 null mutants has a normal shape but is severely hypoplastic. Absence of Fgf10 leads to defective branching and disorganized angiofollicular units although Sox9/Fgfr2b expression and the ability of cells to differentiate and form nascent follicles are not impaired. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of thyroid development reminiscent of the Fgf10-Sox9 program that characterizes organogenesis in classical branching organs, and provide clues to aid understanding of how the endocrine thyroid gland once evolved from an exocrine ancestor present in the invertebrate endostyle. © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Structural Mechanics and Dynamics Branch

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stefko, George

2003-01-01

The 2002 annual report of the Structural Mechanics and Dynamics Branch reflects the majority of the work performed by the branch staff during the 2002 calendar year. Its purpose is to give a brief review of the branch s technical accomplishments. The Structural Mechanics and Dynamics Branch develops innovative computational tools, benchmark experimental data, and solutions to long-term barrier problems in the areas of propulsion aeroelasticity, active and passive damping, engine vibration control, rotor dynamics, magnetic suspension, structural mechanics, probabilistics, smart structures, engine system dynamics, and engine containment. Furthermore, the branch is developing a compact, nonpolluting, bearingless electric machine with electric power supplied by fuel cells for future "more electric" aircraft. An ultra-high-power-density machine that can generate projected power densities of 50 hp/lb or more, in comparison to conventional electric machines, which generate usually 0.2 hp/lb, is under development for application to electric drives for propulsive fans or propellers. In the future, propulsion and power systems will need to be lighter, to operate at higher temperatures, and to be more reliable in order to achieve higher performance and economic viability. The Structural Mechanics and Dynamics Branch is working to achieve these complex, challenging goals.

Melatonin Inhibits Embryonic Salivary Gland Branching Morphogenesis by Regulating Both Epithelial Cell Adhesion and Morphology

PubMed Central

Miura, Jiro; Sakai, Manabu; Uchida, Hitoshi; Nakamura, Wataru; Nohara, Kanji; Maruyama, Yusuke; Hattori, Atsuhiko; Sakai, Takayoshi

2015-01-01

Many organs, including salivary glands, lung, and kidney, are formed by epithelial branching during embryonic development. Branching morphogenesis occurs via either local outgrowths or the formation of clefts that subdivide epithelia into buds. This process is promoted by various factors, but the mechanism of branching morphogenesis is not fully understood. Here we have defined melatonin as a potential negative regulator or “brake” of branching morphogenesis, shown that the levels of it and its receptors decline when branching morphogenesis begins, and identified the process that it regulates. Melatonin has various physiological functions, including circadian rhythm regulation, free-radical scavenging, and gonadal development. Furthermore, melatonin is present in saliva and may have an important physiological role in the oral cavity. In this study, we found that the melatonin receptor is highly expressed on the acinar epithelium of the embryonic submandibular gland. We also found that exogenous melatonin reduces salivary gland size and inhibits branching morphogenesis. We suggest that this inhibition does not depend on changes in either proliferation or apoptosis, but rather relates to changes in epithelial cell adhesion and morphology. In summary, we have demonstrated a novel function of melatonin in organ formation during embryonic development. PMID:25876057

Evaluating the effects of urbanization and land-use planning using ground-water and surface-water models

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hunt, R.J.; Steuer, J.J.

2001-01-01

Why are the effects of urbanization a concern? As the city of Middleton, Wisconsin, and its surroundings continue to develop, the Pheasant Branch watershed (fig.l) is expected to undergo urbanization. For the downstream city of Middleton, urbanization in the watershed can mean increased flood peaks, water volume and pollutant loads. More subtly, it may also reduce water that sustains the ground-water system (called "recharge") and adversely affect downstream ecosystems that depend on ground water such as the Pheasant Branch Springs (hereafter referred to as the Springs). The relation of stormwater runoff and reduced ground-water recharge is complex because the surface-water system is coupled to the underlying ground-water system. In many cases there is movement of water from one system to the other that varies seasonally or daily depending on changing conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to reliably determine the effects of urbanization on stream baseflow and spring flows without rigorous investigation. Moreover, mitigating adverse effects after development has occurred can be expensive and administratively difficult. Overlying these concerns are issues such as stewardship of the resource, the rights of the public, and land owners' rights both of those developing their land and those whose land is affected by this development. With the often- contradictory goals, a scientific basis for assessing effects of urbanization and effectiveness of mitigation measures helps ensure fair and constructive decision-making. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Middleton and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, completed a study that helps address these issues through modeling of the hydrologic system. This Fact Sheet discusses the results of this work.

Strategic Planning for Research in Pediatric Critical Care.

PubMed

Tamburro, Robert F; Jenkins, Tammara L; Kochanek, Patrick M

2016-11-01

To summarize the scientific priorities and potential future research directions for pediatric critical care research discussed by a panel of experts at the inaugural Strategic Planning Conference of the Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Expert opinion expressed during the Strategic Planning Conference. Not applicable. Chaired by an experienced expert from the field, issues relevant to the conduct of pediatric critical care research were discussed and debated by the invited participants. Common themes and suggested priorities were identified and coalesced. Of the many pathophysiologic conditions discussed, the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome emerged as a topic in need of more study that is most relevant to the field. Additionally, the experts offered that the interrelationship and impact of critical illness on child development and family functioning are important research priorities. Consequently, long-term outcomes research was encouraged. The expert group also suggested that multidisciplinary conferences are needed to help identify key knowledge gaps to advance and direct research in the field. The Pediatric Critical Care and Trauma Scientist Development National K12 Program and the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network were recognized as successful and important programs supported by the branch. The development of core data resources including biorepositories with robust phenotypic data using common data elements was also suggested to foster data sharing among investigators and to enhance disease diagnosis and discovery. Multicenter clinical trials and innovative study designs to address understudied and poorly understood conditions were considered important for field advancement. Finally, the growth of the pediatric critical care research workforce was offered as a priority that could be spawned in many ways including by expanded transdisciplinary and multiprofessional collaboration and diversity representation.

Analyzing the Impacts of Natural Environments on Launch and Landing Availability for NASA's Exploration Systems Development Programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Altino, Karen M.; Burns, K. Lee; Barbre, Robert E., Jr.; Leahy, Frank B.

2014-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is developing new capabilities for human and scientific exploration beyond Earth orbit. Natural environments information is an important asset for NASA's development of the next generation space transportation system as part of the Exploration Systems Development (ESD) Programs, which includes the Space Launch System (SLS) and Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) Programs. Natural terrestrial environment conditions - such as wind, lightning and sea states - can affect vehicle safety and performance during multiple mission phases ranging from pre-launch ground processing to landing and recovery operations, including all potential abort scenarios. Space vehicles are particularly sensitive to these environments during the launch/ascent and the entry/landing phases of mission operations. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Natural Environments Branch provides engineering design support for NASA space vehicle projects and programs by providing design engineers and mission planners with natural environments definitions as well as performing custom analyses to help characterize the impacts the natural environment may have on vehicle performance. One such analysis involves assessing the impact of natural environments to operational availability. Climatological time series of operational surface weather observations are used to calculate probabilities of meeting/exceeding various sets of hypothetical vehicle-specific parametric constraint thresholds. Outputs are tabulated by month and hour of day to show both seasonal and diurnal variation. This paper will discuss how climate analyses are performed by the MSFC Natural Environments Branch to support the ESD Launch Availability (LA) Technical Performance Measure (TPM), the SLS Launch Availability due to Natural Environments TPM, and several MPCV (Orion) launch and landing availability analyses - including the 2014 Orion Exploration Flight Test 1 (EFT-1) mission.

Strategic Planning for Research in Pediatric Critical Care

PubMed Central

Tamburro, Robert F.; Jenkins, Tammara L.; Kochanek, Patrick M.

2016-01-01

Objective To summarize the scientific priorities and potential future research directions for pediatric critical care research discussed by a panel of experts at the inaugural Strategic Planning Conference of the Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Data Sources Expert opinion expressed during the Strategic Planning Conference. Study Selection Not applicable Data Extraction Chaired by an experienced expert from the field, issues relevant to the conduct of pediatric critical care research were discussed and debated by the invited participants. Data Synthesis Common themes and suggested priorities were identified and coalesced. Conclusions Of the many pathophysiological conditions discussed, the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome emerged as a topic in need of more study that is most relevant to the field. Additionally, the experts offered that the inter-relationship and impact of critical illness on child development and family functioning are important research priorities. Consequently, long-term outcomes research was encouraged. The expert group also suggested that multidisciplinary conferences are needed to help identify key knowledge gaps to advance and direct research in the field. The Pediatric Critical Care and Trauma Scientist Development National K12 Program and the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network were recognized as successful and important programs supported by the branch. The development of core data resources including biorepositories with robust phenotypic data using common data elements was also suggested to foster data sharing among investigators and to enhance disease diagnosis and discovery. Multicenter clinical trials and innovative study designs to address understudied and poorly understood conditions were considered important for field advancement. Finally, the growth of the pediatric critical care research workforce was offered as a priority that could be spawned in many ways including by expanded transdisciplinary and multiprofessional collaboration and diversity representation. PMID:27679964

Adapting Project Management Practices to Research-Based Projects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bahr, P.; Baker, T.; Corbin, B.; Keith, L.; Loerch, L.; Mullenax, C.; Myers, R.; Rhodes, B.; Skytland, N.

2007-01-01

From dealing with the inherent uncertainties in outcomes of scientific research to the lack of applicability of current NASA Procedural Requirements guidance documentation, research-based projects present challenges that require unique application of classical project management techniques. If additionally challenged by the creation of a new program transitioning from basic to applied research in a technical environment often unfamiliar with the cost and schedule constraints addressed by project management practices, such projects can find themselves struggling throughout their life cycles. Finally, supplying deliverables to a prime vehicle customer, also in the formative stage, adds further complexity to the development and management of research-based projects. The Biomedical Research and Countermeasures Projects Branch at NASA Johnson Space Center encompasses several diverse applied research-based or research-enabling projects within the newly-formed Human Research Program. This presentation will provide a brief overview of the organizational structure and environment in which these projects operate and how the projects coordinate to address and manage technical requirements. We will identify several of the challenges (cost, technical, schedule, and personnel) encountered by projects across the Branch, present case reports of actions taken and techniques implemented to deal with these challenges, and then close the session with an open forum discussion of remaining challenges and potential mitigations.

Artificial Intelligence Research Branch future plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Helen (Editor)

1992-01-01

This report contains information on the activities of the Artificial Intelligence Research Branch (FIA) at NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) in 1992, as well as planned work in 1993. These activities span a range from basic scientific research through engineering development to fielded NASA applications, particularly those applications that are enabled by basic research carried out in FIA. Work is conducted in-house and through collaborative partners in academia and industry. All of our work has research themes with a dual commitment to technical excellence and applicability to NASA short, medium, and long-term problems. FIA acts as the Agency's lead organization for research aspects of artificial intelligence, working closely with a second research laboratory at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and AI applications groups throughout all NASA centers. This report is organized along three major research themes: (1) Planning and Scheduling: deciding on a sequence of actions to achieve a set of complex goals and determining when to execute those actions and how to allocate resources to carry them out; (2) Machine Learning: techniques for forming theories about natural and man-made phenomena; and for improving the problem-solving performance of computational systems over time; and (3) Research on the acquisition, representation, and utilization of knowledge in support of diagnosis design of engineered systems and analysis of actual systems.

Partial shoot reiteration in Wollemia nobilis (Araucariaceae) does not arise from ‘axillary meristems’

PubMed Central

Tomlinson, P. B.; Huggett, Brett A.

2011-01-01

Background and Aims Conifers are characterized by the paucity of axillary buds which in dicotyledonous trees usually occur at every node. To compensate, conifers also produce ‘axillary meristems’, which may be stimulated to late development. In juvenile material of Wollemia nobilis (Araucariaceae: Massart's model) first-order (plagiotropic) branches lack both axillary buds and, seemingly, axillary meristems. This contrasts with orthotropic (trunk) axes, which produce branches, either within the terminal bud or as reiterated orthotropic axes originating from axillary meristems. However, plagiotropic axes do produce branches if they are decapitated. This study investigated how this can occur if axillary meristems are not the source. Methods The terminal buds of a series of plagiotropic branches on juvenile trees were decapitated in order to generate axillary shoots. Shoots were culled at about weekly intervals to obtain stages in lateral shoot development. Serial sections were cut with a sliding microtome from the distal end of each sample and scanned sequentially for evidence of axillary meristems and early bud development. Key Results Anatomical search produced no clear evidence of pre-existing axillary meristems but did reveal stages of bud initiation. Buds were initiated in a group of small starch-rich cortical cells. Further development involved de-differentiation of these small cells and the development of contrasting outer and inner regions. The outer part becomes meristematic and organizes the apex of the new branch. The inner part develops a callus-like tissue of vacuolated cells within which vascular cambia are developed. This kind of insertion of a branch on the parent axis seems not to have been described before. Conclusions Axillary meristems in Wollemia characterize the leaf axils of trunk axes so that the origin of reiterated shoots is clear. Plagiotropic axes seemingly lack axillary meristems but still produce axillary branches by distinctive developmental processes. These observations demonstrate limited understanding of branch initiation in trees generally. PMID:21335327

[The role of ancient astrology in preparation for a secular natural science and medicine].

PubMed

Geller, Markham J

2011-01-01

The Persian period in the Near East (from c. 500 BCE) represented the first example of globalisation, during which advanced cultural centres from Egypt to Afghanistan were united under a single rule and common language. Paul Unschuld has drawn attention to a scientific revolution in the late first millennium BC, extending from Greece to China, from Thales to Confucius, which saw natural law replace the divine law in scientific thinking. This paper argues for new advances in astronomy as the specific motor which motivated changes in scientific thinking and influenced other branches of science, including medicine, just as the new science of astrology, which replaced divination, fundamentally changed the nature of medical prognoses. The secularisation of science was not universally accepted among ancient scholars, and the irony is that somewhat similar reservations accompanied the reception of modern quantum physics.

The bridge between two worlds: psychoanalysis and fMRI.

PubMed

Marini, Stefano; Di Tizio, Laura; Dezi, Sira; Armuzzi, Silvia; Pelaccia, Simona; Valchera, Alessandro; Sepede, Gianna; Girinelli, Gabriella; De Berardis, Domenico; Martinotti, Giovanni; Gambi, Francesco; Di Giannantonio, Massimo

2016-02-01

In recent years, a connection between psychoanalysis and neuroscience has been sought. The meeting point between these two branches is represented by neuropsychoanalysis. The goal of the relationship between psychoanalysis and neuroscience is to test psychoanalytic hypotheses in the human brain, using a scientific method. A literature search was conducted on May 2015. PubMed and Scopus databases were used to find studies for the inclusion in the systematic review. Common results of the studies investigated are represented by a reduction, a modulation, or a normalization of the activation patterns found after the psychoanalytic therapy. New findings in the possible and useful relationship between psychoanalysis and neuroscience could change the modalities of relating to patients for psychoanalysts and the way in which neuroscientists plan their research. Researchers should keep in mind that in any scientific research that has to do with people, neuroscience and a scientific method cannot avoid subjective interpretation.

Growth and development of Frankia spp. strain CcI3 at the single-hypha level in liquid culture.

PubMed

Huang, Ying; Benson, David R

2012-01-01

Filamentous actinobacteria from the genus Frankia grow by hyphal tip extension and branching. The growth kinetics and branching pattern of Frankia are not well studied, especially at the early stages of mycelial development. Here, we compare the growth of Frankia sp. strain CcI3 in liquid cultures with and without proteose peptone #3 (PP3) using time-lapse photomicrography and image analysis. Individual hyphae showed a pseudolinear increase in length at early stages of development, whereas at the mycelial level, the aggregate length of hyphae described an exponential rate before slowing. Growth based on optical density or microscopic observations was similar in medium with or without PP3. However, PP3 altered the pattern of mycelial development by increasing branching. Distances between the hyphal apex and first branches were on average shorter in PP3-containing media. The final interbranch distances were also shorter in PP3 medium indicating that hyphae tended to branch earlier and more often when supplemented with PP3 to give a more compact mycelium. Vesicle development in nitrogen-fixing cultures limited cell expansion as a result of vesicles truncating growth on new branches. The results provide some explanation for the growth kinetics of Frankia and some indication of how growth rates may be improved.

Response of branch growth and mortality to silvicultural treatments in coastal Douglas-fir plantations: implications for predicting tree growth.

Treesearch

A.R. Weiskittel; D. Maguire; R.A. Monserud

2007-01-01

Static models of individual tree crown attributes such as height to crown base and maximum branch diameter profile have been developed for several commercially important species. Dynamic models of individual branch growth and mortality have received less attention, but have generally been developed retrospectively by dissecting felled trees; however, this approach is...

"Mr. Database" : Jim Gray and the History of Database Technologies.

PubMed

Hanwahr, Nils C

2017-12-01

Although the widespread use of the term "Big Data" is comparatively recent, it invokes a phenomenon in the developments of database technology with distinct historical contexts. The database engineer Jim Gray, known as "Mr. Database" in Silicon Valley before his disappearance at sea in 2007, was involved in many of the crucial developments since the 1970s that constitute the foundation of exceedingly large and distributed databases. Jim Gray was involved in the development of relational database systems based on the concepts of Edgar F. Codd at IBM in the 1970s before he went on to develop principles of Transaction Processing that enable the parallel and highly distributed performance of databases today. He was also involved in creating forums for discourse between academia and industry, which influenced industry performance standards as well as database research agendas. As a co-founder of the San Francisco branch of Microsoft Research, Gray increasingly turned toward scientific applications of database technologies, e. g. leading the TerraServer project, an online database of satellite images. Inspired by Vannevar Bush's idea of the memex, Gray laid out his vision of a Personal Memex as well as a World Memex, eventually postulating a new era of data-based scientific discovery termed "Fourth Paradigm Science". This article gives an overview of Gray's contributions to the development of database technology as well as his research agendas and shows that central notions of Big Data have been occupying database engineers for much longer than the actual term has been in use.

Abscisic acid signaling is controlled by a BRANCHED1/HD-ZIP I cascade in Arabidopsis axillary buds.

PubMed

González-Grandío, Eduardo; Pajoro, Alice; Franco-Zorrilla, José M; Tarancón, Carlos; Immink, Richard G H; Cubas, Pilar

2017-01-10

Shoot-branching patterns determine key aspects of plant life and are important targets for crop breeding. However, we are still largely ignorant of the genetic networks controlling locally the most important decision during branch development: whether the axillary bud, or branch primordium, grows out to give a lateral shoot or remains dormant. Here we show that, inside the buds, the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, PCF (TCP) transcription factor BRANCHED1 (BRC1) binds to and positively regulates the transcription of three related Homeodomain leucine zipper protein (HD-ZIP)-encoding genes: HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 21 (HB21), HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 40 (HB40), and HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 53 (HB53). These three genes, together with BRC1, enhance 9-CIS-EPOXICAROTENOID DIOXIGENASE 3 (NCED3) expression, lead to abscisic acid accumulation, and trigger hormone response, thus causing suppression of bud development. This TCP/HD-ZIP genetic module seems to be conserved in dicot and monocotyledonous species to prevent branching under light-limiting conditions.

Programmable growth of branched silicon nanowires using a focused ion beam.

PubMed

Jun, Kimin; Jacobson, Joseph M

2010-08-11

Although significant progress has been made in being able to spatially define the position of material layers in vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) grown nanowires, less work has been carried out in deterministically defining the positions of nanowire branching points to facilitate more complicated structures beyond simple 1D wires. Work to date has focused on the growth of randomly branched nanowire structures. Here we develop a means for programmably designating nanowire branching points by means of focused ion beam-defined VLS catalytic points. This technique is repeatable without losing fidelity allowing multiple rounds of branching point definition followed by branch growth resulting in complex structures. The single crystal nature of this approach allows us to describe resulting structures with linear combinations of base vectors in three-dimensional (3D) space. Finally, by etching the resulting 3D defined wire structures branched nanotubes were fabricated with interconnected nanochannels inside. We believe that the techniques developed here should comprise a useful tool for extending linear VLS nanowire growth to generalized 3D wire structures.

The role of branch architecture in assimilate production and partitioning: the example of apple (Malus domestica)

PubMed Central

Fanwoua, Julienne; Bairam, Emna; Delaire, Mickael; Buck-Sorlin, Gerhard

2014-01-01

Understanding the role of branch architecture in carbon production and allocation is essential to gain more insight into the complex process of assimilate partitioning in fruit trees. This mini review reports on the current knowledge of the role of branch architecture in carbohydrate production and partitioning in apple. The first-order carrier branch of apple illustrates the complexity of branch structure emerging from bud activity events and encountered in many fruit trees. Branch architecture influences carbon production by determining leaf exposure to light and by affecting leaf internal characteristics related to leaf photosynthetic capacity. The dynamics of assimilate partitioning between branch organs depends on the stage of development of sources and sinks. The sink strength of various branch organs and their relative positioning on the branch also affect partitioning. Vascular connections between branch organs determine major pathways for branch assimilate transport. We propose directions for employing a modeling approach to further elucidate the role of branch architecture on assimilate partitioning. PMID:25071813

Concentrative nitrogen allocation to sun-lit branches and the effects on whole-plant growth under heterogeneous light environments.

PubMed

Sugiura, D; Tateno, M

2013-08-01

We investigated the nitrogen and carbohydrate allocation patterns of trees under heterogeneous light environments using saplings of the devil maple tree (Acer diabolicum) with Y-shaped branches. Different branch groups were created: all branches of a sapling exposed to full light (L-branches), all branches exposed to full shade (S-branches), and half of the branches of a sapling exposed to light (HL-branches) and the other half exposed to shade (HS-branches). Throughout the growth period, nitrogen was preferentially allocated to HL-branches, whereas nitrogen allocation to HS-branches was suppressed compared to L- and S-branches. HL-branches with the highest leaf nitrogen content (N(area)) also had the highest rates of growth, and HS-branches with the lowest N(area) had the lowest observed growth rates. In addition, net nitrogen assimilation, estimated using a photosynthesis model, was strongly correlated with branch growth and whole-plant growth. In contrast, patterns of photosynthate allocation to branches and roots were not affected by the light conditions of the other branch. These observations suggest that tree canopies develop as a result of resource allocation patterns, where the growth of sun-lit branches is favoured over shaded branches, which leads to enhanced whole-plant growth in heterogeneous light environments. Our results indicate that whole-plant growth is enhanced by the resource allocation patterns created for saplings in heterogeneous light environments.

Epicormic Branches and Lumber Grade of Bottomland Oak

Treesearch

James S. Meadows

1995-01-01

Epicormic branches can be a serious problem in management of hardwood forests for high-quality sawtimber production. In one study in central Alabama, defects caused by epicormic branches that developed following a partial cutting resulted in a 13 percent reduction in the value of willow oak lumber. Production of epicormic branches along the boles of hardwood trees is...

Role of interstitial branching in the development of visual corticocortical connections: a time-lapse and fixed-tissue analysis.

PubMed

Ruthazer, Edward S; Bachleda, Amelia R; Olavarria, Jaime F

2010-12-15

We combined fixed-tissue and time-lapse analyses to investigate the axonal branching phenomena underlying the development of topographically organized ipsilateral projections from area 17 to area 18a in the rat. These complementary approaches allowed us to relate static, large-scale information provided by traditional fixed-tissue analysis to highly dynamic, local, small-scale branching phenomena observed with two-photon time-lapse microscopy in acute slices of visual cortex. Our fixed-tissue data revealed that labeled area 17 fibers invaded area 18a gray matter at topographically restricted sites, reaching superficial layers in significant numbers by postnatal day 6 (P6). Moreover, most parental axons gave rise to only one or occasionally a small number of closely spaced interstitial branches beneath 18a. Our time-lapse data showed that many filopodium-like branches emerged along parental axons in white matter or deep layers in area 18a. Most of these filopodial branches were transient, often disappearing after several minutes to hours of exploratory extension and retraction. These dynamic behaviors decreased significantly from P4, when the projection is first forming, through the second postnatal week, suggesting that the expression of, or sensitivity to, cortical cues promoting new branch addition in the white matter is developmentally down-regulated coincident with gray matter innervation. Together, these data demonstrate that the development of topographically organized corticocortical projections in rats involves extensive exploratory branching along parental axons and invasion of cortex by only a small number of interstitial branches, rather than the widespread innervation of superficial cortical layers by an initially exuberant population of branches. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Role of Interstitial Branching in the Development of Visual Corticocortical Connections: A Time-Lapse and Fixed-Tissue Analysis

PubMed Central

Ruthazer, Edward S.; Bachleda, Amelia R.; Olavarria, Jaime F.

2013-01-01

We combined fixed-tissue and time-lapse analyses to investigate the axonal branching phenomena underlying the development of topographically organized ipsilateral projections from area 17 to area 18a in the rat. These complementary approaches allowed us to relate static, large-scale information provided by traditional fixed-tissue analysis to highly dynamic, local, small-scale branching phenomena observed with two-photon time-lapse microscopy in acute slices of visual cortex. Our fixed-tissue data revealed that labeled area 17 fibers invaded area 18a gray matter at topographically restricted sites, reaching superficial layers in significant numbers by postnatal day 6 (P6). Moreover, most parental axons gave rise to only one or occasionally a small number of closely spaced interstitial branches beneath 18a. Our time-lapse data showed that many filopodium-like branches emerged along parental axons in white matter or deep layers in area 18a. Most of these filopo-dial branches were transient, often disappearing after several minutes to hours of exploratory extension and retraction. These dynamic behaviors decreased significantly from P4, when the projection is first forming, through the second postnatal week, suggesting that the expression of, or sensitivity to, cortical cues promoting new branch addition in the white matter is developmentally down-regulated coincident with gray matter innervation. Together, these data demonstrate that the development of topographically organized corticocortical projections in rats involves extensive exploratory branching along parental axons and invasion of cortex by only a small number of interstitial branches, rather than the widespread innervation of superficial cortical layers by an initially exuberant population of branches. PMID:21031561

True coronary bifurcation lesions: meta-analysis and review of literature.

PubMed

Athappan, Ganesh; Ponniah, Thirumalaikolundiusubramanian; Jeyaseelan, Lakshmanan

2010-02-01

Percutaneous intervention of true coronary bifurcation lesions is challenging. Based on the results of randomized trials and registry data, the approach of stenting of main vessel only with balloon dilatation of the side branch has become the default approach for false bifurcation lesions except when a complication occurs or in cases of suboptimal result. However, the optimal stenting strategy for true coronary bifurcation lesions - to stent or not to stent the side branch - is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to compare the clinical and angiographic outcomes of the double stent technique (stenting of the main branch and side branch) over the single stent technique (stenting of main vessel only with balloon dilatation of the side branch) for treatment of true coronary bifurcation lesions, with drug-eluting stents (DES). Comparative studies published between January 2000 and February 2009 of the double stent technique vs. single stent technique with DES for true coronary bifurcations were identified using an electronic search and reviewed using a random effects model. The primary endpoints of our study were side-branch and main-branch restenoses, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR) at longest available follow-up. The secondary endpoints of our analysis were postprocedural minimal luminal diameter (MLD) of the side branch and main branch, follow-up MLD of side branch and main branch and stent thrombosis. Heterogeneity was assessed and sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the overall summary odds ratios (ORs). Five studies comprising 1145 patients (616 single stent and 529 double stent) were included in the analysis. Three studies were randomized comparisons between the two techniques for true coronary bifurcation lesions. Incomplete reporting of data in the primary studies was common. The lengths of clinical and angiographic follow-up ranged between 6 and 12 months and 6 and 7 months, respectively. Postprocedural MLD of the side branch was significantly smaller in the single stent group [standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.71, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.54, P < 0.000, I2 = 0%]. The odds of side-branch restenosis (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.47-2.67, P = 0.81, I2 = 76%), main-branch restenois (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.56-1.39, P = 0.58, I = 0%), all-cause mortality (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.11-2.45, P = 0.41, I2 = 0%), MI (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.34-2.54, P = 0.87, I = 49%) and TLR (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.46-1.65, P = 0.68, I2 = 0%) were similar between the two groups. Postprocedural MLD of the main branch [standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.08, 95% CI -0.42 to -0.26, P < 0.65, I2 = 67%], follow-up MLD of side branch (SMD -0.19, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.01, P < 0.31, I2 = 15%) and main branch MLD (SMD 0.17, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.542, P < 0.35, I2 = 65%) were also similar between the two groups. In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for true coronary bifurcations, there is no added advantage of stenting both branches as compared with a conventional one-stent strategy. The results, however, need to be interpreted considering the poor study methods and/or poor quality of reporting in publications. We propose to move forward and consider the conduct of more systematic, well-designed and scientific trials to investigate the treatment of true coronary bifurcation lesions.

Roadmap for the international, accelerator-based neutrino programme

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cao, J.; de Gouvêa, A.; Duchesneau, D.

In line with its terms of reference the ICFA Neutrino Panel has developed a roadmap for the international, accelerator-based neutrino programme. A "roadmap discussion document" was presented in May 2016 taking into account the peer-group-consultation described in the Panel's initial report. The "roadmap discussion document" was used to solicit feedback from the neutrino community---and more broadly, the particle- and astroparticle-physics communities---and the various stakeholders in the programme. The roadmap, the conclusions and recommendations presented in this document take into account the comments received following the publication of the roadmap discussion document. With its roadmap the Panel documents the approved objectivesmore » and milestones of the experiments that are presently in operation or under construction. Approval, construction and exploitation milestones are presented for experiments that are being considered for approval. The timetable proposed by the proponents is presented for experiments that are not yet being considered formally for approval. Based on this information, the evolution of the precision with which the critical parameters governinger the neutrino are known has been evaluated. Branch or decision points have been identified based on the anticipated evolution in precision. The branch or decision points have in turn been used to identify desirable timelines for the neutrino-nucleus cross section and hadro-production measurements that are required to maximise the integrated scientific output of the programme. The branch points have also been used to identify the timeline for the R&D required to take the programme beyond the horizon of the next generation of experiments. The theory and phenomenology programme, including nuclear theory, required to ensure that maximum benefit is derived from the experimental programme is also discussed.« less

Observation of incomplete drainage of a branched negative stepped leader system during the initial return stroke, and its implications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petersen, D.; Beasley, W. H.

2012-12-01

We present high-speed video, taken at 75,000 frames per second, of an anomalous lightning flash that involved two distinct return strokes from different branches of the same branched negative stepped leader system. During the initial return stroke the leader system was incompletely drained, resulting in the continued development of a large side branch. The upper portions of this side branch exhibited a pulse of luminosity during the initial return stroke, but the luminosity did not extend down the branch. The lower portion of the branch continued to develop downward as a negative stepped leader, but at a much slower velocity. Continued stepping activity was observed in this branch as it continued downward at a significantly reduced velocity, finally attaching to the earth 1.8 milliseconds after the main return stroke. The ensuing return stroke was characterized by a slower vertical velocity and weaker luminous pulse. Based on this observation, we coin the term "orphaned branch" to describe a branch of a leader system that is not drained during a return stroke. While our case involves a branch that eventually connected to the ground and produced a return stroke, we also consider the possibility that such branches may also simply cease to progress and effectively deposit large amounts of space charge near their extremities. Such space charge would have a strong influence on subsequent breakdown activity in their vicinity, such as shielding subsequent descending negative stepped leaders or triggering upward positive leaders from earth's surface.

The Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Computer-Assisted Branched Test for a Program of Individually Prescribed Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Richard L.

The focus of this study was upon the development and evaluation of a computer-assisted branched test to be used in making instructional decisions for individuals in the program of Individually Prescribed Instruction. A Branched Test is one in which the presentation of test items is contingent upon the previous responses of the examinee. The…

Use of a watershed-modeling approach to assess hydrologic effects of urbanization, North Fork Pheasant Branch basin near Middleton, Wisconsin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Steuer, Jeffrey J.; Hunt, R.J.

2001-01-01

The North Fork Pheasant Branch Basin in Dane County, Wisconsin is expected to undergo development. There are concerns that development will adversely affect water resources with increased flood peaks, increased runoff volumes, and increased pollutant loads. To provide a scientific basis for evaluating the hydrologic system response to development the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to model the upper Pheasant Branch Creek watershed with an emphasis on the North Fork Basin. The upper Pheasant Branch Creek (18.3 mi2; 11,700 acres) Basin was represented with 21 Hydrologic Response Units (daily time step) and 50 flow planes (5-minute time steps). Precipitation data from the basin outlet streamflow-gaging station located at Highway 12 and temperature data from a nearby airport were used to drive the model. Continuous discharge records at three gaging stations were used for model calibration. To qualitatively assess model representation of small subbasins, periodic reconnaissance, often including a depth measurement, was made after precipitation to determine the occurrence of flow in ditches and channels from small subbasins. As a further effort to verify the model on a small subbasin scale, continuous-stage sensors (15-minute intervals) measured depth at the outlets of three small subbasins (500 to 1,200 acres). Average annual precipitation for the simulation period from 1993 to 1998 was 35.2 inches. The model simulations showed that, on average, 23.9 inches were intercepted by vegetation, or lost to evapotranspiration, 6.0 inches were infiltrated and moved to the regional ground-water system, and 4.8 inches contributed to the upper Pheasant Branch streamflow. The largest runoff event during the calibration interval was in July 1993 (746 ft3/sec; with a recurrence interval of approximately 25 years). Resulting recharge rates from the calibrated model were subsequently used as input into a ground-water-flow model. Average annual recharge varied spatially from 2.3 inches per year in the highly impervious commercial/industrial area to 9.7 inches per year in the undeveloped North Fork Basin with an average overall recharge rate of 8.1 inches per year. Two development scenarios were examined to assess changes in water-budget fluxes. In scenario A, when development was predominantly low-density residential with 5 to 10 percent commercial development along principal roadways, mean annual streamflow increased by 53 percent, overland flow increased by 84 percent, base flow decreased by 15 percent and annual recharge to the regional ground-water system was reduced by 10 percent. In development scenario B, the entire North Fork and intervening area basins contained 50 percent commercial and 50 percent medium density residential land use. Annual storm runoff increased by over 450 percent. The ground-water model for the Pheasant Branch that used the scenario B recharge rates simulated a lowered water table with zero base flow and that flow from Frederick Springs would be reduced 26 percent from present-day (1993?98) conditions.An additional example application of the model evaluated locations of flood detention ponds and potential recharge areas that may mitigate the changes in flood peaks and ground-water recharge resulting from urbanization. From February 1998 through July 1998, water-quality samples were collected by use of stage-activated automated samplers. Median suspended- sediment concentrations were similar between the North and South Fork Basins (194 and 242 mg/L, respectively); however, for other constituents, North Fork values were considerably higher: median phosphorus concentrations by 4 times (1.5 and 0.35 mg/L), median ammonia concentrations by 13 times (1.9 and 0.14 mg/L), and the phosphorus-to-sediment ratio by more than 6 times (21 and 3.1 mg/g).

Opportunities for Computational Discovery in Basic Energy Sciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pederson, Mark

2011-03-01

An overview of the broad-ranging support of computational physics and computational science within the Department of Energy Office of Science will be provided. Computation as the third branch of physics is supported by all six offices (Advanced Scientific Computing, Basic Energy, Biological and Environmental, Fusion Energy, High-Energy Physics, and Nuclear Physics). Support focuses on hardware, software and applications. Most opportunities within the fields of~condensed-matter physics, chemical-physics and materials sciences are supported by the Officeof Basic Energy Science (BES) or through partnerships between BES and the Office for Advanced Scientific Computing. Activities include radiation sciences, catalysis, combustion, materials in extreme environments, energy-storage materials, light-harvesting and photovoltaics, solid-state lighting and superconductivity.~ A summary of two recent reports by the computational materials and chemical communities on the role of computation during the next decade will be provided. ~In addition to materials and chemistry challenges specific to energy sciences, issues identified~include a focus on the role of the domain scientist in integrating, expanding and sustaining applications-oriented capabilities on evolving high-performance computing platforms and on the role of computation in accelerating the development of innovative technologies. ~~

Building science-based groundwater tools and capacity in Armenia for the Ararat Basin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Carter, Janet M.; Valder, Joshua F.; Anderson, Mark T.; Meyer, Patrick; Eimers, Jo L.

2016-05-18

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) began a study in 2016 to help build science-based groundwater tools and capacity for the Ararat Basin in Armenia. The growth of aquaculture and other uses in the Ararat Basin has been accompanied by increased withdrawals of groundwater, which has resulted in a reduction of artesian conditions (decreased springflow, well discharges, and water levels) including loss of flowing wells in many places (Armenia Branch of Mendez England and Associates, 2014; Yu and others, 2015). This study is in partnership with USAID/Armenia in the implementation of its Science, Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (STIP) effort through the Advanced Science and Partnerships for Integrated Resource Development (ASPIRED) program and associated partners, including the Government of Armenia, Armenia’s Hydrogeological Monitoring Center, and the USAID Global Development Lab and its GeoCenter. Scientific tools will be developed through this study that groundwater-resource managers, such as those in the Ministry of Nature Protection, in Armenia can use to understand and predict the consequences of their resource management decisions.

Flowering branches cause injuries to second-year main stems of Artemisia tridentata nutt. subspecies tridentata

Treesearch

Lance S. Evans; Angela Citta; Stewart C. Sanderson

2012-01-01

Eccentricity of stems of Artemisia tridentata Nutt. (big sagebrush) has been reported previously. Analysis of samples observed over 2 years documented that each stem terminal produces about 8-10 branches each year, and during second-year growth, 3-8 of these develop into short, flowering, determinate branches. Each flowering branch produces hundreds of seeds and then...

ObsPy: A Python Toolbox for Seismology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krischer, Lion; Megies, Tobias; Sales de Andrade, Elliott; Barsch, Robert; MacCarthy, Jonathan

2017-04-01

In recent years the Python ecosystem evolved into one of the most powerful and productive scientific environments across disciplines. ObsPy (https://www.obspy.org) is a fully community-driven, open-source project dedicated to providing a bridge for seismology into that ecosystem. It does so by offering Read and write support for essentially every commonly used data format in seismology with a unified interface and automatic format detection. This includes waveform data (MiniSEED, SAC, SEG-Y, Reftek, …) as well as station (SEED, StationXML, …) and event meta information (QuakeML, ZMAP, …). Integrated access to the largest data centers, web services, and real-time data streams (FDSNWS, ArcLink, SeedLink, ...). A powerful signal processing toolbox tuned to the specific needs of seismologists. Utility functionality like travel time calculations with the TauP method, geodetic functions, and data visualizations. ObsPy has been in constant development for more than seven years and is developed and used by scientists around the world with successful applications in all branches of seismology. Additionally it nowadays serves as the foundation for a large number of more specialized packages. This presentation will give a short overview of the capabilities of ObsPy and point out several representative or new use cases. Additionally we will discuss the road ahead as well as the long-term sustainability of open-source scientific software.

Linear and nonlinear dynamic analysis of redundant load path bearingless rotor systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Murthy, V. R.; Shultz, Louis A.

1994-01-01

The goal of this research is to develop the transfer matrix method to treat nonlinear autonomous boundary value problems with multiple branches. The application is the complete nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of multiple-branched rotor blades. Once the development is complete, it can be incorporated into the existing transfer matrix analyses. There are several difficulties to be overcome in reaching this objective. The conventional transfer matrix method is limited in that it is applicable only to linear branch chain-like structures, but consideration of multiple branch modeling is important for bearingless rotors. Also, hingeless and bearingless rotor blade dynamic characteristics (particularly their aeroelasticity problems) are inherently nonlinear. The nonlinear equations of motion and the multiple-branched boundary value problem are treated together using a direct transfer matrix method. First, the formulation is applied to a nonlinear single-branch blade to validate the nonlinear portion of the formulation. The nonlinear system of equations is iteratively solved using a form of Newton-Raphson iteration scheme developed for differential equations of continuous systems. The formulation is then applied to determine the nonlinear steady state trim and aeroelastic stability of a rotor blade in hover with two branches at the root. A comprehensive computer program is developed and is used to obtain numerical results for the (1) free vibration, (2) nonlinearly deformed steady state, (3) free vibration about the nonlinearly deformed steady state, and (4) aeroelastic stability tasks. The numerical results obtained by the present method agree with results from other methods.

Child Development and Behavior Branch (CDBB), NIHCD, Report to the NACHHD Council

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), 2009

2009-01-01

The Child Development & Behavior (CDB) Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) seeks to improve the health and well-being of individuals from infancy through early adulthood by supporting research into healthy growth and development, including all aspects of child development. The study of typical child…

ELIGULUM-A Regulates Lateral Branch and Leaf Development in Barley1[OPEN

PubMed Central

Haaning, Allison; Bilgic, Hatice

2018-01-01

The shoot apical and axillary meristems control shoot development, effectively influencing lateral branch and leaf formation. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) uniculm2 (cul2) mutation blocks axillary meristem development, and mutant plants lack lateral branches (tillers) that normally develop from the crown. A genetic screen for cul2 suppressors recovered two recessive alleles of ELIGULUM-A (ELI-A) that partially rescued the cul2 tillering phenotype. Mutations in ELI-A produce shorter plants with fewer tillers and disrupt the leaf blade-sheath boundary, producing liguleless leaves and reduced secondary cell wall development in stems and leaves. ELI-A is predicted to encode an unannotated protein containing an RNaseH-like domain that is conserved in land plants. ELI-A transcripts accumulate at the preligule boundary, the developing ligule, leaf margins, cells destined to develop secondary cell walls, and cells surrounding leaf vascular bundles. Recent studies have identified regulatory similarities between boundary development in leaves and lateral organs. Interestingly, we observed ELI-A transcripts at the preligule boundary, suggesting that ELI-A contributes to boundary formation between the blade and sheath. However, we did not observe ELI-A transcripts at the axillary meristem boundary in leaf axils, suggesting that ELI-A is not involved in boundary development for axillary meristem development. Our results show that ELI-A contributes to leaf and lateral branch development by acting as a boundary gene during ligule development but not during lateral branch development. PMID:29440592

Shoot development in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is affected by the modular branching pattern of the stem and intra- and inter-shoot trophic competition.

PubMed

Lebon, Eric; Pellegrino, Anne; Tardieu, Francois; Lecoeur, Jeremie

2004-03-01

Shoot architecture variability in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) was analysed using a generic modelling approach based on thermal time developed for annual herbaceous species. The analysis of shoot architecture was based on various levels of shoot organization, including pre-existing and newly formed parts of the stem, and on the modular structure of the stem, which consists of a repeated succession of three phytomers (P0-P1-P2). Four experiments were carried out using the cultivar 'Grenache N': two on potted vines (one of which was carried out in a glasshouse) and two on mature vines in a vineyard. These experiments resulted in a broad diversity of environmental conditions, but none of the plants experienced soil water deficit. Development of the main axis was highly dependent on air temperature, being linearly related to thermal time for all stages of leaf development from budbreak to veraison. The stable progression of developmental stages along the main stem resulted in a thermal-time based programme of leaf development. Leaf expansion rate varied with trophic competition (shoot and cluster loads) and environmental conditions (solar radiation, VPD), accounting for differences in final leaf area. Branching pattern was highly variable. Classification of the branches according to ternary modular structure increased the accuracy of the quantitative analysis of branch development. The rate and duration of leaf production were higher for branches derived from P0 phytomers than for branches derived from P1 or P2 phytomers. Rates of leaf production, expressed as a -function of thermal time, were not stable and depended on trophic competition and environmental conditions such as solar radiation or VPD. The application to grapevine of a generic model developed in annual plants made it possible to identify constants in main stem development and to determine the hierarchical structure of branches with respect to the modular structure of the stem in response to intra- and inter-shoot trophic competition.

Two Cultures in Modern Science and Technology: For Safety and Validity Does Medicine Have to Update?

PubMed

Becker, Robert E

2016-01-11

Two different scientific cultures go unreconciled in modern medicine. Each culture accepts that scientific knowledge and technologies are vulnerable to and easily invalidated by methods and conditions of acquisition, interpretation, and application. How these vulnerabilities are addressed separates the 2 cultures and potentially explains medicine's difficulties eradicating errors. A traditional culture, dominant in medicine, leaves error control in the hands of individual and group investigators and practitioners. A competing modern scientific culture accepts errors as inevitable, pernicious, and pervasive sources of adverse events throughout medical research and patient care too malignant for individuals or groups to control. Error risks to the validity of scientific knowledge and safety in patient care require systemwide programming able to support a culture in medicine grounded in tested, continually updated, widely promulgated, and uniformly implemented standards of practice for research and patient care. Experiences from successes in other sciences and industries strongly support the need for leadership from the Institute of Medicine's recommended Center for Patient Safely within the Federal Executive branch of government.

Partial branch and bound algorithm for improved data association in multiframe processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poore, Aubrey B.; Yan, Xin

1999-07-01

A central problem in multitarget, multisensor, and multiplatform tracking remains that of data association. Lagrangian relaxation methods have shown themselves to yield near optimal answers in real-time. The necessary improvement in the quality of these solutions warrants a continuing interest in these methods. These problems are NP-hard; the only known methods for solving them optimally are enumerative in nature with branch-and-bound being most efficient. Thus, the development of methods less than a full branch-and-bound are needed for improving the quality. Such methods as K-best, local search, and randomized search have been proposed to improve the quality of the relaxation solution. Here, a partial branch-and-bound technique along with adequate branching and ordering rules are developed. Lagrangian relaxation is used as a branching method and as a method to calculate the lower bound for subproblems. The result shows that the branch-and-bound framework greatly improves the resolution quality of the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm and yields better multiple solutions in less time than relaxation alone.

Scientific Astronomical School by Professor Volodymyr P. Tsesevich on the Physics of Variable Stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vavilova, I. B.

This paper is dedicated to the Prof. Volodymyr Platonovych Tsesevich (1907-1983), an outstanding scientist and legendary personality of the XX century. We describe briefly the Kyiv period of his life and activity taken from his Personal Dossier from the Archive of the Presidium of the NAS of Ukraine. A particular attention is paid to the role by V.P. Tsesevich in the development of astrophysical research at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the Academy of Sciences of UkrSSR, when he served as the Director (19.11.1948-03.05.1951), and to the fruitful cooperation between Kyiv and Odesa astronomers. We present briefly a "tree" of the scientific astronomical school by Prof. V.P. Tsesevich on the physics of stars. The data were obtained from different archives (Astronomical Observatory of the I.I. Mechnikov National University of Odesa, Main Astronomical Observatory of the NAS of Ukraine, Archive of the Vernadsky National Library, Archive of the Russian AS, and other institutions). The full database contains of a brief information on the about 100 representatives of this school as follows: name, title and year of thesis's defense, past/present affiliation). The scientific school is formed since 1950-ies till now having its greatest continuation in the work of such astronomers as N.S.Komarov, V.G.Karetnikov, Yu.S. Romanov, and I.L.Andronov (a branch of this school after V.P. Tsesevich), as well as S.M.Andrievsky as the follower by V.G. Karetnikov and T.V. Mishenina, V.F. Gopka, V.V. Kovtykh as the followers by N.S. Komarov. The given information on the school by V.P. Tsesevich is not absolutely full, for example, 1) there are no the data on thesis's defense under his supervision before 1948; 2) information on the astronomical school developed by A.M. Stafeev and some other scientists is a very poor; 3) some inaccuracies may be present. We will grateful for all the additions and corrections to update a tree of this scientific school, which played and plays a prominent role in the development of our knowledge on physics of stars.

Turing mechanism underlying a branching model for lung morphogenesis.

PubMed

Xu, Hui; Sun, Mingzhu; Zhao, Xin

2017-01-01

The mammalian lung develops through branching morphogenesis. Two primary forms of branching, which occur in order, in the lung have been identified: tip bifurcation and side branching. However, the mechanisms of lung branching morphogenesis remain to be explored. In our previous study, a biological mechanism was presented for lung branching pattern formation through a branching model. Here, we provide a mathematical mechanism underlying the branching patterns. By decoupling the branching model, we demonstrated the existence of Turing instability. We performed Turing instability analysis to reveal the mathematical mechanism of the branching patterns. Our simulation results show that the Turing patterns underlying the branching patterns are spot patterns that exhibit high local morphogen concentration. The high local morphogen concentration induces the growth of branching. Furthermore, we found that the sparse spot patterns underlie the tip bifurcation patterns, while the dense spot patterns underlies the side branching patterns. The dispersion relation analysis shows that the Turing wavelength affects the branching structure. As the wavelength decreases, the spot patterns change from sparse to dense, the rate of tip bifurcation decreases and side branching eventually occurs instead. In the process of transformation, there may exists hybrid branching that mixes tip bifurcation and side branching. Since experimental studies have reported that branching mode switching from side branching to tip bifurcation in the lung is under genetic control, our simulation results suggest that genes control the switch of the branching mode by regulating the Turing wavelength. Our results provide a novel insight into and understanding of the formation of branching patterns in the lung and other biological systems.

What Have Metabolomics Approaches Taught Us About Type 2 Diabetes?

PubMed

Gonzalez-Franquesa, Alba; Burkart, Alison M; Isganaitis, Elvira; Patti, Mary-Elizabeth

2016-08-01

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide, making identification of biomarkers for detection, staging, and effective prevention strategies an especially critical scientific and medical goal. Fortunately, advances in metabolomics techniques, together with improvements in bioinformatics and mathematical modeling approaches, have provided the scientific community with new tools to describe the T2D metabolome. The metabolomics signatures associated with T2D and obesity include increased levels of lactate, glycolytic intermediates, branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and long-chain fatty acids. Conversely, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, betaine, and other metabolites decrease. Future studies will be required to fully integrate these and other findings into our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology and to identify biomarkers of disease risk, stage, and responsiveness to specific treatments.

Software Engineering Research/Developer Collaborations (C104)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shell, Elaine; Shull, Forrest

2005-01-01

The goal of this collaboration was to produce Flight Software Branch (FSB) process standards for software inspections which could be used across three new missions within the FSB. The standard was developed by Dr. Forrest Shull (Fraunhofer Center for Experimental Software Engineering, Maryland) using the Perspective-Based Inspection approach, (PBI research has been funded by SARP) , then tested on a pilot Branch project. Because the short time scale of the collaboration ruled out a quantitative evaluation, it would be decided whether the standard was suitable for roll-out to other Branch projects based on a qualitative measure: whether the standard received high ratings from Branch personnel as to usability and overall satisfaction. The project used for piloting the Perspective-Based Inspection approach was a multi-mission framework designed for reuse. This was a good choice because key representatives from the three new missions would be involved in the inspections. The perspective-based approach was applied to produce inspection procedures tailored for the specific quality needs of the branch. The technical information to do so was largely drawn through a series of interviews with Branch personnel. The framework team used the procedures to review requirements. The inspections were useful for indicating that a restructuring of the requirements document was needed, which led to changes in the development project plan. The standard was sent out to other Branch personnel for review. Branch personnel were very positive. However, important changes were identified because the perspective of Attitude Control System (ACS) developers had not been adequately represented, a result of the specific personnel interviewed. The net result is that with some further work to incorporate the ACS perspective, and in synchrony with the roll out of independent Branch standards, the PBI approach will be implemented in the FSB. Also, the project intends to continue its collaboration with the technology provider (Dr. Forrest Shull) past the end of the grant, to allow a more rigorous quantitative evaluation.

Advanced Training Techniques Using Computer Generated Imagery.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-15

Annual Technical Report for Period- 16 May 1980 - 15 July 1981 LJ Prepared for AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Director of Life Sciences Building...Simulation Management Branch, ATC, Randolph AFB, TX 78148, November 1977. Allbee, K. F., Semple C. A.; Aircrew Training Devices Life Cycle Cost and Worth...in Simulator Design and Application, Life Sciences, Inc., 227 Lood 820 NE, Hurst, Texas 76053, AFOSR-TR-77- 0965, 30 September 1976 McDonnell Aircraft

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, Kommunist, No. 13, September 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-11-15

friends and acquaintances, whose honesty I did not doubt in the least, were classified as "enemies of the people".... How- ever, the hypnosis of the...General and Forensic Psychiatry imeni V.P. Serbskiy is characteristic. For example, the article expresses justified puzzlement at the totally amorphous...head of a department at the Ukrainian branch of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of General and Forensic Psychiatry imeni V.P. Serbskiy

Report on Scientific Basis for Paint Stripping: Mechanism of Methylene Chloride Based Paint Removers

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-20

Chloride Based Paint Removers October 20, 2011 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. James H. Wynne Materials Chemistry Branch...Z39.18 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing...5320 NRL/MR/6120--11-9368 SERDP WP-1682 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UU 72 James H

Novel pebbles in the mosaic of autoimmunity.

PubMed

Perricone, Carlo; Agmon-Levin, Nancy; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

2013-04-04

Almost 25 years ago, the concept of the 'mosaic of autoimmunity' was introduced to the scientific community, and since then this concept has continuously evolved, with new pebbles being added regularly. We are now looking at an era in which the players of autoimmunity have changed names and roles. In this issue of BMC Medicine, several aspects of autoimmunity have been addressed, suggesting that we are now at the forefront of autoimmunity science. Within the environmental factors generating autoimmunity are now included unsuspected molecules such as vitamin D and aluminum. Some adjuvants such as aluminum are recognized as causal factors in the development of the autoimmune response. An entirely new syndrome, the autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA), has been recently described. This is the new wind blowing within the branches of autoimmunity, adding knowledge to physicians for helping patients with autoimmune disease.

KSC-2014-3648

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-08-29

KISSIMMEE, Fla. – During the Tom Joyner Family Reunion, Ken Fullwood of Booz-Allen-Hamilton, left, and Yves Lamothe of the NASA Technical Management Branch of the Ground Systems Development and Operations Program talk to guests about ongoing work to convert the Kennedy Space Center into a 21st century spaceport. The Tom Joyner Family Reunion is designed to present uplifting programs, entertainment and information about growing, diverse communities. An annual event of the nationally-syndicated Tom Joyner Morning Show, the many exhibits included NASA's participation focusing on encouraging young people to consider studies and careers in STEM -- science, technology, engineering and math. NASA's Education Division promoted the benefits of math and scientific learning along with career opportunities offered by the space agency. The activities took place at the Gaylord Palms Resort in Kissimmee, Florida, during the Labor Day weekend. Photo credit: NASA/Daniel Casper

Earth System Science at NASA: Teleconnections Between Sea Surface Temperature and Epidemics in Africa

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meeson, Blanche W.

2000-01-01

The research carried out in the Earth Sciences in NASA and at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center will be the focus of the presentations. In addition, one research project that links sea surface temperature to epidemics in Africa will be highlighted. At GSFC research interests span the full breath of disciplines in Earth Science. Branches and research groups focus on areas as diverse as planetary geomagnetics and atmospheric chemistry. These organizations focus on atmospheric sciences (atmospheric chemistry, climate and radiation, regional processes, atmospheric modeling), hydrological sciences (snow, ice, oceans, and seasonal-to-interannual prediction), terrestrial physics (geology, terrestrial biology, land-atmosphere interactions, geophysics), climate modeling (global warming, greenhouse gases, climate change), on sensor development especially using lidar and microwave technologies, and on information technologies, that enable support of scientific and technical research.

Acquisition plan for Digital Document Storage (DDS) prototype system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

NASA Headquarters maintains a continuing interest in and commitment to exploring the use of new technology to support productivity improvements in meeting service requirements tasked to the NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Facility, and to support cost effective approaches to the development and delivery of enhanced levels of service provided by the STI Facility. The DDS project has been pursued with this interest and commitment in mind. It is believed that DDS will provide improved archival blowback quality and service for ad hoc requests for paper copies of documents archived and serviced centrally at the STI Facility. It will also develop an operating capability to scan, digitize, store, and reproduce paper copies of 5000 NASA technical reports archived annually at the STI Facility and serviced to the user community. Additionally, it will provide NASA Headquarters and field installations with on-demand, remote, electronic retrieval of digitized, bilevel, bit mapped report images along with branched, nonsequential retrieval of report subparts.

Art, outreach and geopattern formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morris, S. W.; Chen, A. S. H.; Rogers, M. C.; Goehring, L.

2014-12-01

For the past several years, I have been exhibiting images and videos of natural and laboratory geopatterns in art galleries and outdoor shows. I have also brought artists into my research lab for hands-on workshops. My experience shows that scientific images can be well received as art and generate wide-ranging discussions across traditionally separate disciplines. The art world offers an interesting new venue for outreach activities, as well as being a lot of fun to explore. Artists Statement:I am interested in self-organized, emergent patterns and textures. I take photos of patterns both from the natural world and of experiments in my laboratory in the department of Physics at the University of Toronto. Patterns naturally attract casual attention but are also the subject of serious scientific research. Some things just evolve all by themselves into strikingly regular shapes and textures. Why? These shapes emerge spontaneously from a dynamic process of growing, folding, cracking, wrinkling, branching, flowing and other kinds of morphological development. My photos are informed by the scientific aesthetic of nonlinear physics, and mathematics lurks behind every image for those who know where to look for it. But no special knowledge is required to appreciate the results. Each image shows an object, sometimes quite small and often familiar, with a self-composed regular structure. Some images are from laboratory physics experiments and some are from Nature, and all celebrate the subtle interplay of order and complexity in emergent patterns.

Varieties of noise: analogical reasoning in synthetic biology.

PubMed

Knuuttila, Tarja; Loettgers, Andrea

2014-12-01

The picture of synthetic biology as a kind of engineering science has largely created the public understanding of this novel field, covering both its promises and risks. In this paper, we will argue that the actual situation is more nuanced and complex. Synthetic biology is a highly interdisciplinary field of research located at the interface of physics, chemistry, biology, and computational science. All of these fields provide concepts, metaphors, mathematical tools, and models, which are typically utilized by synthetic biologists by drawing analogies between the different fields of inquiry. We will study analogical reasoning in synthetic biology through the emergence of the functional meaning of noise, which marks an important shift in how engineering concepts are employed in this field. The notion of noise serves also to highlight the differences between the two branches of synthetic biology: the basic science-oriented branch and the engineering-oriented branch, which differ from each other in the way they draw analogies to various other fields of study. Moreover, we show that fixing the mapping between a source domain and the target domain seems not to be the goal of analogical reasoning in actual scientific practice.

A new method to synthesize complicated multi-branched carbon nanotubes with controlled architecture and composition.

PubMed

Wei, Dacheng; Liu, Yunqi; Cao, Lingchao; Fu, Lei; Li, Xianglong; Wang, Yu; Yu, Gui; Zhu, Daoben

2006-02-01

Here we develop a simple method by using flow fluctuation to synthesize arrays of multi-branched carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that are far more complex than those previously reported. The architectures and compositions can be well controlled, thus avoiding any template or additive. A branching mechanism of fluctuation-promoted coalescence of catalyst particles is proposed. This finding will provide a hopeful approach to the goal of CNT-based integrated circuits and be valuable for applying branched junctions in nanoelectronics and producing branched junctions of other materials.

An estimation of the main wetting branch of the soil water retention curve based on its main drying branch using the machine learning method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lamorski, Krzysztof; Šimūnek, Jiří; Sławiński, Cezary; Lamorska, Joanna

2017-02-01

In this paper, we estimated using the machine learning methodology the main wetting branch of the soil water retention curve based on the knowledge of the main drying branch and other, optional, basic soil characteristics (particle size distribution, bulk density, organic matter content, or soil specific surface). The support vector machine algorithm was used for the models' development. The data needed by this algorithm for model training and validation consisted of 104 different undisturbed soil core samples collected from the topsoil layer (A horizon) of different soil profiles in Poland. The main wetting and drying branches of SWRC, as well as other basic soil physical characteristics, were determined for all soil samples. Models relying on different sets of input parameters were developed and validated. The analysis showed that taking into account other input parameters (i.e., particle size distribution, bulk density, organic matter content, or soil specific surface) than information about the drying branch of the SWRC has essentially no impact on the models' estimations. Developed models are validated and compared with well-known models that can be used for the same purpose, such as the Mualem (1977) (M77) and Kool and Parker (1987) (KP87) models. The developed models estimate the main wetting SWRC branch with estimation errors (RMSE = 0.018 m3/m3) that are significantly lower than those for the M77 (RMSE = 0.025 m3/m3) or KP87 (RMSE = 0. 047 m3/m3) models.

Scientific support, soil information and education provided by the Austrian Soil Science Society

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huber, Sigbert; Baumgarten, Andreas; Birli, Barbara; Englisch, Michael; Tulipan, Monika; Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie

2015-04-01

The Austrian Soil Science Society (ASSS), founded in 1954, is a non-profit organisation aiming at furthering all branches of soil science in Austria. The ASSS provides information on the current state of soil research in Austria and abroad. It organizes annual conferences for scientists from soil and related sciences to exchange their recent studies and offers a journal for scientific publications. Annually, ASSS awards the Kubiena Research Prize for excellent scientific studies provided by young scientists. In order to conserve and improve soil science in the field, excursions are organized, also in cooperation with other scientific organisations. Due to well-established contacts with soil scientists and soil science societies in many countries, the ASSS is able to provide its members with information about the most recent developments in the field of soil science. This contributes to a broadening of the current scientific knowledge on soils. The ASSS also co-operates in the organisation of excursions and meetings with neighbouring countries. Several members of the ASSS teach soil science at various Austrian universities. More detail on said conferences, excursions, publications and awards will be given in the presentation. Beside its own scientific journal, published once or twice a year, and special editions such as guidebooks for soil classification, the ASSS runs a website providing information on the Society, its activities, meetings, publications, awards and projects. Together with the Environment Agency Austria the ASSS runs a soil platform on the internet. It is accessible for the public and thus informs society about soil issues. This platform offers a calendar with national and international soil events, contacts of soil related organisations and networks, information on national projects and publications. The society has access to products, information material and information on educational courses. Last but not least information on specific soil themes as well as a photo gallery of the Austrian soil types is available. Selected content from the website and the internet platform will be presented. During the past years the ASSS has perceived a growing need to educate pupils on soil issues and started projects to develop concepts and materials for education. In one project a soil workshop for secondary schools was developed. The workshop comprises four stations which allow the children to see, feel and understand soil by doing simple experiments, looking for soil biota or drawing examples of soil functions. The project was awarded by the Austrian UNESCO Commission as a project of the UN decade of education for sustainable development. In addition to that project an overview of nearly 100 programmes introducing children to the topic of soils in Austria was made available as report on the ASSS website. Results of the project and information on its implementation in schools will be provided.

Science and Technology in Africa: The African Union New Initiative and Financial Support Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ezin, Jean-Pierre

2010-02-01

Physics, which is widely touted as the most fundamental of the sciences, underpins the progress in all other branches of science and has a wide range of applications in economic development, including in health, energy research, food security, communication technology and climate change. The African Union (AU) Commission articulates the continental vision of its Member States and its programs are designed to directly contribute to its social and economic development and integration efforts. In the area of science and technology the Department has developed Africa's Science and Technology Consolidated Plan of Action as a strategic policy document through the AU system of conference of ministers responsible for science to guide the continent on common priority programs. The programs in this plan of action that have been transformed into bankable projects under the Book of ``lighthouse projects Phase 1'', adequately respond to Africa's challenges and development needs using science. They can be summarized into three main themes: a pan-African university (PAU) initiative (to combine higher education and scientific research as a network of differentiated PAU in each of the five African regions), African research grants (to strengthen the research capacity of the African institutions and upgrading infrastructures, consolidating their accumulated asset of scientific knowledge), popularization of science and technology and promotion of public participation (to build public understanding and raising awareness on science and technology as a driving agent for social and economic progress for Africa and its integration process) and a science and technology institutional capacity building program). This talk will review these programs as well as the vision of the African Development Bank role in it. )

1001518

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-01

DEVELOPMENT TESTING BEING CONDUCTED AT THE REQUEST OF THE MSFC DYNAMICS, LOADS, AND STRENGTH BRANCH (EV31) TO STUDY THE FAILURE BEHAVIOR OF FASTENERS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED SHEAR AND TENSION LOADING. THE DATA FROM THIS TESTING WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP APPROPRIATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS METHODS AS PART OF A FASTENER STANDARDS EFFORT SPONSORED BY THE NASA ENGINEERING SAFETY CENTER (NESC). THE TEST FIXTURE WAS DESIGNED AND FABRICATED THROUGH THE MSFC MECHANICAL FABRICATION BRANCH (ES23). THE TESTING ORGANIZATION IS THE MSFC MATERIALS TEST BRANCH (EM10).

1001519

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-01

DEVELOPMENT TESTING BEING CONDUCTED AT THE REQUEST OF THE MSFC DYNAMICS, LOADS, AND STRENGTH BRANCH (EV31) TO STUDY THE FAILURE BEHAVIOR OF FASTENERS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED SHEAR AND TENSION LOADING. THE DATA FROM THIS TESTING WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP APPROPRIATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS METHODS AS PART OF A FASTENER STANDARDS EFFORT SPONSORED BY THE NASA ENGINEERING SAFETY CENTER (NESC). THE TEST FIXTURE WAS DESIGNED AND FABRICATED THROUGH THE MSFC MECHANICAL FABRICATION BRANCH (ES23). THE TESTING ORGANIZATION IS THE MSFC MATERIALS TEST BRANCH (EM10).

1001520

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-01

DEVELOPMENT TESTING BEING CONDUCTED AT THE REQUEST OF THE MSFC DYNAMICS, LOADS, AND STRENGTH BRANCH (EV31) TO STUDY THE FAILURE BEHAVIOR OF FASTENERS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED SHEAR AND TENSION LOADING. THE DATA FROM THIS TESTING WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP APPROPRIATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS METHODS AS PART OF A FASTENER STANDARDS EFFORT SPONSORED BY THE NASA ENGINEERING SAFETY CENTER (NESC). THE TEST FIXTURE WAS DESIGNED AND FABRICATED THROUGH THE MSFC MECHANICAL FABRICATION BRANCH (ES23). THE TESTING ORGANIZATION IS THE MSFC MATERIALS TEST BRANCH (EM10).

1001521

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-09-01

DEVELOPMENT TESTING BEING CONDUCTED AT THE REQUEST OF THE MSFC DYNAMICS, LOADS, AND STRENGTH BRANCH (EV31) TO STUDY THE FAILURE BEHAVIOR OF FASTENERS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED SHEAR AND TENSION LOADING. THE DATA FROM THIS TESTING WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP APPROPRIATE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS METHODS AS PART OF A FASTENER STANDARDS EFFORT SPONSORED BY THE NASA ENGINEERING SAFETY CENTER (NESC). THE TEST FIXTURE WAS DESIGNED AND FABRICATED THROUGH THE MSFC MECHANICAL FABRICATION BRANCH (ES23). THE TESTING ORGANIZATION IS THE MSFC MATERIALS TEST BRANCH (EM10).

76 FR 78162 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans: Kentucky; Visibility Impairment Prevention for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-16

...: (404) 562-9019. 4. Mail: ``EPA-R04-OAR-2011-0867,'' Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch..., Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S....regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Regulatory Development Section, [[Page 78163

[Genetically modified food--unnecessary controversy?].

PubMed

Tchórz, Michał; Radoniewicz-Chagowska, Anna; Lewandowska-Stanek, Hanna; Szponar, Elzbieta; Szponar, Jarosław

2012-01-01

Fast development of genetic engineering and biotechnology allows use of genetically modified organisms (GMO) more and more in different branches of science and economy. Every year we can see an increase of food amount produced with the use of modification of genetic material. In our supermarkets we can find brand new types of plants, products including genetically modified ingredients or meat from animals fed with food containing GMO. This article presents general information about genetically modified organisms, it also explains the range of genetic manipulation, use of newly developed products and current field area for GMO in the world. Based on scientific data the article presents benefits from development of biotechnology in reference to modified food. It also presents the voice of skeptics who are extremely concerned about the impact of those organisms on human health and natural environment. Problems that appear or can appear as a result of an increase of GMO are very important not only from a toxicologist's or a doctor's point of view but first of all from the point of view of ordinary consumers--all of us.

Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses at Akin Branch and Cayce Valley Branch, Columbia, Tennessee

USGS Publications Warehouse

Outlaw, George S.

1993-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Columbia, Tennessee, conducted hydrologic and hydraulic analyses at Akin Branch and Cayce Valley Branch in the Little Bigby Creek watershed, Columbia, Tennessee, from 1990 through 1991. Results of the analyses can be used by city planners in the development of plans to replace several deteriorating and inadequate drainage structures. Akin Branch and Cayce Valley Branch drain small watersheds of 1.69 and 1.04 square miles, respectively. Flood discharges for 5-, lo-, and 25-year recurrence-interval storm events were calculated at the stream mouths using flood-frequency relations developed for use at small urban streams in Tennessee. For each stream, flood discharges at locations upstream from the mouth were calculated by subdividing the watershed and assigning a percentage of the discharge at the mouth, based on drainage area, to each subarea. Flood profiles for the selected recurrence-interval flood discharges were simulated for Akin Branch and Cayce Valley Branch for existing conditions and conditions that might exist if drainage improvements such as larger culverts and bridges and channel improvements are constructed. The results of the simulations were used to predict changes in flood elevations that might result from such drainage improvements. Analyses indicate that reductions in existing flood elevations of as much as 2.1 feet for the 5-year flood at some sites on Akin Branch and as much as 3.8 feet for the 5-year flood at some sites on Cayce Valley Branch might be expected with the drainage improvements.

Up with this I shall not put: 10 reasons why I disagree with Branch and Vollmer on behavior used as a count noun.

PubMed

Friman, Patrick C

2004-01-01

Branch and Vollmer (2004) argue that use of the word behavior as a count noun is ungrammatical and, worse, mischaracterizes and ultimately degrades the concept of the operant. In this paper I argue that use of behavior as a count noun is a reflection of its grammatical status as a hybrid of count and mass noun. I show that such usage is widespread across colloquial, referential, and scientific documents including the writings of major figures in behavior analysis (most notably B. F. Skinner), books describing its applications, and its major journals. Finally, I argue against the assertion that such usage degrades the concept of the operant, at least in any meaningful way, and argue instead that employing eccentric definitions for ordinary words and using arcane terms to describe everyday human behavior risks diminishing the influence of behavior analysis on human affairs.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kargar, Fariborz; Debnath, Bishwajit; Kakko, Joona -Pekko

Similar to electron waves, the phonon states in semiconductors can undergo changes induced by external boundaries. However, despite strong scientific and practical importance, conclusive experimental evidence of confined acoustic phonon polarization branches in individual free-standing nanostructures is lacking. Here we report results of Brillouin-Mandelstam light scattering spectroscopy, which reveal multiple (up to ten) confined acoustic phonon polarization branches in GaAs nanowires with a diameter as large as 128 nm, at a length scale that exceeds the grey phonon mean-free path in this material by almost an order-of-magnitude. The dispersion modification and energy scaling with diameter in individual nanowires are inmore » excellent agreement with theory. The phonon confinement effects result in a decrease in the phonon group velocity along the nanowire axis and changes in the phonon density of states. Furthermore, the obtained results can lead to more efficient nanoscale control of acoustic phonons, with benefits for nanoelectronic, thermoelectric and spintronic devices.« less

Randomized branch sampling

Treesearch

Harry T. Valentine

2002-01-01

Randomized branch sampling (RBS) is a special application of multistage probability sampling (see Sampling, environmental), which was developed originally by Jessen [3] to estimate fruit counts on individual orchard trees. In general, the method can be used to obtain estimates of many different attributes of trees or other branched plants. The usual objective of RBS is...

Positive Psychiatry: Its Time Has Come

PubMed Central

Jeste, Dilip V.; Palmer, Barton W.; Rettew, David C.; Boardman, Samantha

2017-01-01

Traditionally, psychiatry has been defined and practiced as a branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses. Based on growing empirical evidence, we believe that this definition warrants expansion to include the concept of positive psychiatry. In the present article we provide a critical overview of this emerging field and a select review of relevant scientific literature. Positive psychiatry may be defined as the science and practice of psychiatry that seeks to understand and promote well-being through assessment and interventions involving positive psychosocial characteristics (PPCs) in people who suffer from or are at high risk of developing mental or physical illnesses. It can also benefit non-clinical populations. Positive psychiatry has 4 main components: (1) positive mental health outcomes (e.g., well-being), (2) PPCs that comprise psychological traits (resilience, optimism, personal mastery and coping self-efficacy, social engagement, spirituality and religiosity, and wisdom - including compassion) and environmental factors (family dynamics, social support, and other environmental determinants of overall health), (3) biology of positive psychiatry constructs, and (4) positive psychiatry Interventions including preventive ones. There are promising empirical data to suggest that positive traits may be improved through psychosocial and biological interventions. As a branch of medicine, rooted in biology, psychiatry, especially with the proposed conceptualization of positive psychiatry, is well poised to provide major contributions to the positive mental health movement, thereby impacting the overall healthcare of the population. PMID:26132670

Personnel Requirements Consideration in Major Weapon System Acquisition. Research Planning Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

of scientific study of human attributes associated with job performance. Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) is considered the father of engineering...analysis of nonrelevant factors. Implementation of this plan will result in construction and pilot testing of a computer based branching decision...logic in 1980-81 and field testing and evaluation in 1981-82. . . 1. SSCuaITY CLASIPICATION Op TuiS PAOI(’I.A baa. Seoto, I Finch, F.L., Rigg, K.E. and

The Drosophila homologue of SRF acts as a boosting mechanism to sustain FGF-induced terminal branching in the tracheal system.

PubMed

Gervais, Louis; Casanova, Jordi

2011-04-01

Recent data have demonstrated a crucial role for the transcription factor SRF (serum response factor) downstream of VEGF and FGF signalling during branching morphogenesis. This is the case for sprouting angiogenesis in vertebrates, axonal branching in mammals and terminal branching of the Drosophila tracheal system. However, the specific functions of SRF in these processes remain unclear. Here, we establish the relative contributions of the Drosophila homologues of FGF [Branchless (BNL)] and SRF [Blistered (BS)] in terminal tracheal branching. Conversely to an extended view, we show that BNL triggers terminal branching initiation in a DSRF-independent mechanism and that DSRF transcription induced by BNL signalling is required to maintain terminal branch elongation. Moreover, we report that increased and continuous FGF signalling can trigger tracheal cells to develop full-length terminal branches in the absence of DSRF transcription. Our results indicate that DSRF acts as an amplifying step to sustain the progression of terminal branch elongation even in the wild-type conditions of FGF signalling.

Scientific production of Sports Science in Iran: A Scientometric Analysis.

PubMed

Yaminfirooz, Mousa; Siamian, Hasan; Jahani, Mohammad Ali; Yaminifirouz, Masoud

2014-06-01

Physical education and sports science is one of the branches of humanities. The purpose of this study is determining the quantitative and qualitative rate of progress in scientific Production of Iran's researcher in Web of Science. Research Methods is Scientometric survey and Statistical Society Includes 233 Documents From 1993 to 2012 are indexed in ISI. Results showed that the time of this study, Iranian researchers' published 233 documents in this base during this period of time which has been cited 1106(4.76 times on average). The H- index has also been 17. Iran's most scientific productions in sports science realm was indexed in 2010 with 57 documents and the least in 2000. By considering the numbers of citations and the obtained H- index, it can be said that the quality of Iranian's articles is rather acceptable but in comparison to prestigious universities and large number of professors and university students in this field, the quantity of outputted articles is very low.

Regulate axon branching by the cyclic GMP pathway via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons.

PubMed

Zhao, Zhen; Wang, Zheng; Gu, Ying; Feil, Robert; Hofmann, Franz; Ma, Le

2009-02-04

Cyclic GMP has been proposed to regulate axonal development, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the formation of axon branches are not well understood. Here, we report the use of rodent embryonic sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) to demonstrate the role of cGMP signaling in axon branching and to identify the downstream molecular pathway mediating this novel regulation. Pharmacologically, a specific cGMP analog promotes DRG axon branching in culture, and this activity can be achieved by activating the endogenous soluble guanylyl cyclase that produces cGMP. At the molecular level, the cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PrkG1) mediates this activity, as DRG neurons isolated from the kinase-deficient mouse fail to respond to cGMP activation to make branches, whereas overexpression of a PrkG1 mutant with a higher-than-normal basal kinase activity is sufficient to induce branching. In addition, cGMP activation in DRG neurons leads to phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a protein that normally suppresses branching. This interaction is direct, because PrkG1 binds GSK3 in heterologous cells and the purified kinase can phosphorylate GSK3 in vitro. More importantly, overexpression of a dominant active form of GSK3 suppresses cGMP-dependent branching in DRG neurons. Thus, our study establishes an intrinsic signaling cascade that links cGMP activation to GSK3 inhibition in controlling axon branching during sensory axon development.

75 FR 70044 - Withdrawal of Regulatory Guide 1.39

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-16

...: Hector L. Rodriguez-Luccioni, Regulatory Guide Development Branch, Division of Engineering, Office of...-251-7685 or e-mail [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The... N. Ridgely, Acting Chief, Regulatory Guide Development Branch, Division of Engineering, Office of...

Geographical education in Russia: state-of-the-art and new perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalov, Sergey R.

2010-05-01

Up-today education systems of different countries face new perspectives in globalizing World. The Russian higher education framework was basically incompatible with the process of making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable throughout the World (so called Bologna process for Europe). So did Earth Sciences education framework. Today the key question in the further development of Earth sciences in Russia is the interaction with European education system. At the crossroads it is challenging to analyze the history and state-of-the-art. We considered the question on the example of one of the largest centers of the Earth Sciences education in Russia - Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University, which is moreover regarded to be one of the largest scientific and educational centers of geography in the World. There are 1200 students and 180 PhD students studying on the Faculty. The Faculty consists of 15 departments, 8 research laboratories and 4 field stations, where 850 employees work. Tuition of geography was established at Lomonosov Moscow State University since the day of its foundation. The significance of geographical studies at the University, which originally comprised the Faculty of Philosophy, the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Medicine, was already mentioned in the draft plan of its establishment (1755), which said that «anyone wishing to attend professors' lectures at the University has to learn foreign languages and first scientific basis beforehand". For this purpose two «gymnasiums» consisting of four schools were es-tablished at the University. Geography was included into the curriculum of the «first scientific basis school» and the «school of the distinguished European languages» - German and French. Today Geography in Russia is regarded to be one of the base sciences that are devoted to the problem of society and environment and their interactions. Geography was gone far from the descriptive field of science and in recent years combined key aspects of Earth Sciences. A new structure of geographical science and education has developed under the influence of modern trends in Geosciences. There are fifteen specialized departments on the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The structure of the Faculty of Geography comprises 3 main profiles: the Environmental Geography, Human Geography and Hydrometeorology. Research and education of the Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University is fundamental and application-oriented in nature. To find solutions for society's present and future demands is the main task of the research and education which is trend to become research-oriented. Eight multidisciplinary primary research laboratories contribute to the research-oriented education. Modern global processes and terms such as sustainability, assessing risk and reducing disaster in environmental hazards, global and regional changes of environment and climate posed new perspectives in the geographical education. Integrative trends were in progress and that could be characterized by the following: - Development of new integrative branch of geography (so called "geoecology") as a response to increasing anthropogenic impact on environment; - Development of supplementary education (GIS, habitation ecology, landscape design etc); - Interdisciplinary features of such branches as environmental impact assessment and audit; - Scientific basis of sustainable development and nature management. Both with organizational issues (i.e. perfection of student practices, field studies and modernization of field stations; creation of training courses for foreign students; strengthening special training programmes in schools and development of distance learning) this integrative trends determine further development of the Geographical education in Russia. All of them greatly depend on the integration processes between Russia and Europe. Firm place of the Geography in the European Earth Sciences system provides both demand for the society and key role in future of science.

Modeling the growth and branching of plants: A simple rod-based model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faruk Senan, Nur Adila; O'Reilly, Oliver M.; Tresierras, Timothy N.

A rod-based model for plant growth and branching is developed in this paper. Specifically, Euler's theory of the elastica is modified to accommodate growth and remodeling. In addition, branching is characterized using a configuration force and evolution equations are postulated for the flexural stiffness and intrinsic curvature. The theory is illustrated with examples of multiple static equilibria of a branched plant and the remodeling and tip growth of a plant stem under gravitational loading.

Regulation of lung branching morphogenesis by bombesin-like peptides and neutral endopeptidase.

PubMed

Aguayo, S M; Schuyler, W E; Murtagh, J J; Roman, J

1994-06-01

The expression of bombesin-like peptides (BLPs) by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells is transiently upregulated during lung development. A functional role for BLPs is supported by their ability to stimulate lung growth and maturation both in vitro and in vivo during the late stages of lung development. In addition, the cell membrane-associated enzyme CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (CD10/NEP), which inactivates BLPs and other regulatory peptides, is also expressed by developing lungs and modulates the stimulatory effects of BLPs on lung growth and maturation. We hypothesized that, in addition to expressing BLPs and CD10/NEP, embryonic lungs must express BLP receptors, and that BLPs may also regulate processes that occur during early lung development such as branching morphogenesis. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide primers designed for amplifying a BLP receptor originally isolated from Swiss 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, we found that embryonic mouse lungs express a similar BLP receptor mRNA during the pseudoglandular stage of lung development when branching morphogenesis take place. Subsequently, we evaluated the effects of ligands for this BLP receptor using embryonic mouse lungs in an in vitro model of lung branching morphogenesis. We found that, in comparison with control lungs, treatment with bombesin (1 to 100 nM) resulted in a modest increase in clefts or branching points. In contrast, embryonic mouse lungs treated with the BLP analog [Leu13-psi(CH2NH)Leu14]bombesin (1 microM), which also binds to this BLP receptor but has predominantly antagonistic effects, demonstrated fewer branching points.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

European Union funded project on the development of a whole complement deficiency screening ELISA-A story of success and an exceptional manager: Mohamed R. Daha.

PubMed

Würzner, Reinhard; Tedesco, Francesco; Garred, Peter; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Truedsson, Lennart; Turner, Malcolm W; Sommarin, Yngve; Wieslander, Jörgen; Sim, Robert B

2015-11-01

A whole complement ELISA-based assay kit, primarily designed to screen for deficiencies in components of the complement system was developed during a European Union grant involving more than a dozen European scientists and a small-medium enterprise company (Wieslab, which later merged into Eurodiagnostica). The consortium was led by Prof. Mohamed R. Daha who had already guided a preceding European grant which prepared the ground for this endeavor to create a novel and sophisticated complement measurement tool. The final result of the grant was a scientific publication (Seelen et al., 2005, J. Immunol. Methods 296, 187-198) and a commercially available complement deficiency screening kit, WIESLAB(®) Complement system Screen. Thereafter, the group decided to carry on with a grant, located at Innsbruck Medical University, and supported by royalties and unrestricted educational grants from Eurodiagnostica, Malmö, entitled "Search for Applications for WIESLAB(®) Complement system Screen (SAW)" with the aim to look for further applications of this assay. During the latter project the group organized several scientific meetings aimed at evaluating the use of the assay as well as developing further branches of its platform. A look back over almost two decades reveals a great story of excellent research which was also commercially successful, fulfilling the aims of European Union grants. It is also a story of ageless friendship, only possible due to the vision and guidance of an exceptional manager: Moh Daha. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Branch (CTEB)

Cancer.gov

The Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Branch focuses on factors that influence cancer progression, recurrence, survival, and other treatment outcomes, and factors associated with cancer development.

Relevance of β-delayed neutron data for reactor, nuclear physics and astrophysics applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kratz, Karl-Ludwig

Initially, yields (or abundances) and branching ratios of β-delayed neutrons (βdn) from fission products (P{sub n}-values) have had their main importance in nuclear reactor control. At that time, the six-group mathematical approximation of the time-dependence of βdn-data in terms of the so-called 'Keepin groups' was generally accepted. Later, with the development of high-resolution neutron spectroscopy, βdn data have provided important information on nuclear-structure properties at intermediate excitation energy in nuclei far from stability, as well as in nuclear astrophysics. In this paper, I will present some examples of the βdn-studies performed by the Kernchemie Mainz group during the past threemore » decades. This work has been recognized as an example of 'broad scientific diversity' which has led to my nomination for the 2014 Hans A. Bethe prize.« less

Mediating subpolitics in US and UK science news.

PubMed

Jensen, Eric

2012-01-01

The development of therapeutic cloning research sparked a scientific controversy pitting patients' hopes for cures against religious and anti-abortion opposition. The present study investigates this controversy by examining the production and content of Anglo-American print media coverage of the branch of embryonic stem cell research known as "therapeutic cloning." Data collection included press articles about therapeutic cloning (n = 5,185) and qualitative interviews with journalists (n = 18). Patient activists and anti-abortion groups emerged as key news sources in this coverage. Significant qualitative differences in the mediation of these subpolitical groups and their arguments for and against therapeutic cloning are identified. Results suggest that the perceived human interest news value of narratives of patient suffering may give patient advocacy groups a privileged position in journalistic coverage. Finally, Ulrich Beck's theoretical arguments about subpolitics are critically applied to the results to elicit further insights.

Applied high-speed imaging for the icing research program at NASA Lewis Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Slater, Howard; Owens, Jay; Shin, Jaiwon

1992-01-01

The Icing Research Tunnel at NASA Lewis Research Center provides scientists a scaled, controlled environment to simulate natural icing events. The closed-loop, low speed, refrigerated wind tunnel offers the experimental capability to test for icing certification requirements, analytical model validation and calibration techniques, cloud physics instrumentation refinement, advanced ice protection systems, and rotorcraft icing methodology development. The test procedures for these objectives all require a high degree of visual documentation, both in real-time data acquisition and post-test image processing. Information is provided to scientific, technical, and industrial imaging specialists as well as to research personnel about the high-speed and conventional imaging systems will be on the recent ice protection technology program. Various imaging examples for some of the tests are presented. Additional imaging examples are available from the NASA Lewis Research Center's Photographic and Printing Branch.

Management of fish populations in large rivers: a review of tools and approaches

USGS Publications Warehouse

Petts, Geoffrey E.; Imhoff, Jack G.; Manny, Bruce A.; Maher, John F. B.; Weisberg, Stephen B.

1989-01-01

In common with most branches of science, the management of riverine fish populations is characterised by reductionist and isolationist philosophies. Traditional fish management focuses on stocking and controls on fishing. This paper presents a concensus of scientists involved in the LARS workshop on the management of fish populations in large rivers. A move towards a more holistic philosophy is advocated, with fish management forming an integral part of sustainable river development. Based upon a questionnaire survey of LARS members, with wide-ranging expertise and experience from all parts of the world, lists of management tools currently in use are presented. Four categories of tools are described: flow, water-quality, habitat, and biological. The potential applications of tools for fish management in large rivers is discussed and research needs are identified. The lack of scientific evaluations of the different tools remains the major constraint to their wider application.

Broadband Microwave Study of Reaction Intermediates and Products Through the Pyrolysis of Oxygenated Biofuels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abeysekera, Chamara; Hernandez-Castillo, Alicia O.; Fritz, Sean; Zwier, Timothy S.

2017-06-01

The rapidly growing list of potential plant-derived biofuels creates a challenge for the scientific community to provide a molecular-scale understanding of their combustion. Development of accurate combustion models rests on a foundation of experimental data on the kinetics and product branching ratios of their individual reaction steps. Therefore, new spectroscopic tools are necessary to selectively detect and characterize fuel components and reactive intermediates generated by pyrolysis and combustion. Substituted furans, including furanic ethers, are considered second-generation biofuel candidates. Following the work of the Ellison group, an 8-18 GHz microwave study was carried out on the unimolecular and bimolecular decomposition of the smallest furanic ether, 2-methoxy furan, and it`s pyrolysis intermediate, the 2-furanyloxy radical, formed in a high-temperature pyrolysis source coupled to a supersonic expansion. Details of the experimental setup and analysis of the spectrum of the radical will be discussed.

Applied high-speed imaging for the icing research program at NASA Lewis Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Slater, Howard; Owens, Jay; Shin, Jaiwon

1991-01-01

The Icing Research Tunnel at NASA Lewis Research Center provides scientists a scaled, controlled environment to simulate natural icing events. The closed-loop, low speed, refrigerated wind tunnel offers the experimental capability to test for icing certification requirements, analytical model validation and calibration techniques, cloud physics instrumentation refinement, advanced ice protection systems, and rotorcraft icing methodology development. The test procedures for these objectives all require a high degree of visual documentation, both in real-time data acquisition and post-test image processing. Information is provided to scientific, technical, and industrial imaging specialists as well as to research personnel about the high-speed and conventional imaging systems will be on the recent ice protection technology program. Various imaging examples for some of the tests are presented. Additional imaging examples are available from the NASA Lewis Research Center's Photographic and Printing Branch.

In Vitro Experimental Model for the Long-Term Analysis of Cellular Dynamics During Bronchial Tree Development from Lung Epithelial Cells

PubMed Central

Maruta, Naomichi; Marumoto, Moegi

2017-01-01

Lung branching morphogenesis has been studied for decades, but the underlying developmental mechanisms are still not fully understood. Cellular movements dynamically change during the branching process, but it is difficult to observe long-term cellular dynamics by in vivo or tissue culture experiments. Therefore, developing an in vitro experimental model of bronchial tree would provide an essential tool for developmental biology, pathology, and systems biology. In this study, we succeeded in reconstructing a bronchial tree in vitro by using primary human bronchial epithelial cells. A high concentration gradient of bronchial epithelial cells was required for branching initiation, whereas homogeneously distributed endothelial cells induced the formation of successive branches. Subsequently, the branches grew in size to the order of millimeter. The developed model contains only two types of cells and it facilitates the analysis of lung branching morphogenesis. By taking advantage of our experimental model, we carried out long-term time-lapse observations, which revealed self-assembly, collective migration with leader cells, rotational motion, and spiral motion of epithelial cells in each developmental event. Mathematical simulation was also carried out to analyze the self-assembly process and it revealed simple rules that govern cellular dynamics. Our experimental model has provided many new insights into lung development and it has the potential to accelerate the study of developmental mechanisms, pattern formation, left–right asymmetry, and disease pathogenesis of the human lung. PMID:28471293

75 FR 37842 - Notice of Issuance of Regulatory Guide

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-30

... INFORMATION CONTACT: R. A. Jervey, Regulatory Guide Development Branch, Division of Engineering, Office of...) 251-7404 or e-mail [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction The U.S. Nuclear..., Regulatory Guide Development Branch, Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. [FR Doc...

Overview of Glenn Mechanical Components Branch Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zakrajsek, James

2002-09-01

Mr. James Zakrajsek, chief of the Mechanical Components Branch, gave an overview of research conducted by the branch. Branch members perform basic research on mechanical components and systems, including gears and bearings, turbine seals, structural and thermal barrier seals, and space mechanisms. The research is focused on propulsion systems for present and advanced aerospace vehicles. For rotorcraft and conventional aircraft, we conduct research to develop technology needed to enable the design of low noise, ultra safe geared drive systems. We develop and validate analytical models for gear crack propagation, gear dynamics and noise, gear diagnostics, bearing dynamics, and thermal analyses of gear systems using experimental data from various component test rigs. In seal research we develop and test advanced turbine seal concepts to increase efficiency and durability of turbine engines. We perform experimental and analytical research to develop advanced thermal barrier seals and structural seals for current and next generation space vehicles. Our space mechanisms research involves fundamental investigation of lubricants, materials, components and mechanisms for deep space and planetary environments.

[Inventive activity of the Department of Molecular Immunology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine].

PubMed

Danilova, V M; Vynogradova, R P; Torkhova, S G

2016-01-01

The article is devoted to the inventive activity of the Department of Molecular Immunology of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine in the context of the history of its inception, development and in the context of scholarly and organizational activities of Sergii Vasyl’ovych Komisarenko. This autumn marks 50th anniversary since young Sergii Komisarenko (now – Academician of NAS and NAMS of Ukraine, Dr. Biol. Sci., Professor) has joined the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, has completed all stages of the academic carrier from PhD student to Head of the Institute. He is the first in Ukraine who started the new branch of research – molecular immunology, created a strong scientific school, which earned worldwide acclaim and made significant contribution to finding solutions to current problems in human health sciences. S.V. Komisarenko was among those, who were first in the USSR to use immunoenzyme and flow cytofluometric assays, hybridoma technology for producing monoclonal antibodies and immunochemical assay of proteins, which became the basis for development of highly sensitive and highly specific immunodiagnostic systems, which are of high necessity in medicine, veterinary, development of immunotechnologies, environment monitoring, etc. Under his leadership the Department has made a series of important discoveries and developments including relating to antitumour immunotoxins, effects of low dose radiation on the immune system of Chernobyl liquidators, immunochemical structure of neurotoxin apamine, cytochrom c, fibrinogen and fibrin molecules at different stages of polymerization, diphtheria toxin and its receptor, tuberculosis causing micobacterium, roles of protease-activated receptors (PARs) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of lymphocytes, nature of polyreactive immunoglobulins (PRIGs), among other important scientific contributions. S.V. Komisarenko and his colleagues also hold numerous (more than 80) author’s certificates and patents in Ukraine and USSR.

Unmanned Spacecraft of the United States

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cortright, Edgar M.

1964-01-01

In 1957 the first earth satellite ushered in the age of space flight. Since that historic event, space exploration has become a major national objective of both the United States and the Soviet Union. These two nations have attempted a total of well over 200 space flight missions. Other nations are also participating in various degrees in what will continue to grow as a cooperative world effort. In the years since 1957, man has successfully flown in earth orbit. He has initiated programs to land on the moon and return. He has made dramatic applications of earth satellites in meteorology, communications, navigation, and geodesy. A host of scientific satellites.continue to advance understanding of the earth's environment, the sun, and the stars. Automated spacecraft are being flown to the moon, deep into interplanetary space, and to the near planets, Mars and Venus. One of the most exciting technological aspects of space exploration has been the development of automated spacecraft. Most of the scientific exploration of space and the useful applications of space flight thus far have been made possible by automated spacecraft. Development of these spacecraft and their many complex subsystems is setting the pace today for many branches of science and technology. Guidance, computer, attitude control, power, telecommunication, instrumentation, and structural subsystems are being subjected to new standards of light weight, high efficiency, extreme accuracy, and unsurpassed reliability and quality. This publication reviews the automated spacecraft which have been developed and flown, or which are under active development in the United States by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. From the facts and statistics contained herein, certain observations can be made and certain conclusions drawn.

76 FR 2095 - Notice of Public Scoping Meetings for the Hawai'i Interisland Renewable Energy Program: ’Wind...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-12

... the State of Hawai`i Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT), which is a co... Hawai'i, Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism, Renewable Energy Branch, State Energy..., Economic Development and Tourism, Renewable Energy Branch, State Energy Office, P.O. Box 2359, Honolulu, HI...

Virunga Volcanoes Supersite: a collaborative initiative to improve Geohazards Assessment and Monitoring of Active Volcanoes in a highly populated region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balagizi, Charles M.; Mahinda, Celestin K.; Yalire, Mathieu M.; Ciraba, Honoré M.; Mavonga, Georges T.

2017-04-01

Located within the western branch of the East African Rift System (EARS), the Virunga Volcanic Province is a young highly volcanically and seismically active region. It provides a unique opportunity to study deep mantle upwelling through the crust. Several Geohazards are encountered in this highly populated region, and include volcanic hazards (lava flows, volcanic gases and ash, …), earthquake hazard; landslide, mud flows and floods hazards. In addition, the overturn of Lake Kivu (which lies in the Kivu Graben, western branch of the EARS) could release huge CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere. A few days after the January 17, 2002 Nyiragongo eruption whose lava flows devastated Goma city, destroying the houses of ˜120,000 people, forced a mass self-evacuation of ˜300,000 people of Goma (of estimated ˜400,000 inhabitants), and killed ˜140 people; the international scientific community deployed a "dream scientific team" to evaluate the state of Geohazards in the Virunga region. Particularly, the team had to check whether the stability of Lake Kivu that dissolves ˜300 and ˜60 km3 of CO2 and CH4 (at 0˚ C and 1 atm.) in its deep water was not disturbed due to Nyiragongo lava that entered the lake. Since 2002 several projects were funded with the main goal of accompanying the local scientific team to set up a more professional team to assess and continuous monitor Geohazards in the Virunga. For the time being, while Nyiragongo volcano solely threatens ˜1.5 million inhabitants of Goma (DR Congo) and Gisenyi (Rwanda) cities in addition to people living in the surrounding villages, and Lake Kivu threatening ˜3 million inhabitants of its catchment, the local scientists remain less qualified and equipped. Here we show that collaboration between Virunga local scientists and international scientists through the Geohazards Supersites network could be a most efficient pathway to improve Geohazards assessment and monitoring in the Virunga, and hence yield Disaster Risk Reduction in the region. Furthermore, the large amount of expected scientific results will provide new insights on the understanding of the continental rift process, thus promoting the advance of scientific research. The supersites initiative promotes broad international scientific collaboration and open access to a variety of space- and ground-based data, and hence improves geophysical scientific research and Geohazards assessment in support of Disaster Risk Reduction. Presently, the Goma Volcano Observatory collects ground-based seismic, geochemical (SO2, CO2, Rn, temperature) and ground-deformation (GPS, EDM and Extensometry) data, which, together with remote and additional ground-based data that could be collected through the supersites network; may improve Geohazards assessment and monitoring in the Virunga region.

HoloNetwork: communicating science through holography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pombo, Pedro; Santos, Emanuel; Magalhães, Carolina

2017-03-01

Since 1997 a program dedicated to holography has been developed and implemented in Portugal. This program started with focus on schools and science education. The HoloNetwork was created and it has been spread at a National level, involving a group of thirty schools and hundreds of students and teachers. In 2009 this network started to work to achieve a new target, the general public. With this goal, a larger program was developed with focus on science and society and on science communication through holography. For the implementation of this new program, special holography outreach activities were built, dedicated to informal learning and seven Science Centers around Portugal were add into the HoloNetwork. During last years, we have been working on holography, based on two main branches, one dedicated to schools and with the aimed to promote physics teaching and to teach how to make holograms, and another dedicated to society and with the aimed to promote holography and to increase scientific literacy. This paper would analyze the educational program, all holography outreach activities, exhibitions or events, all equipments, materials and setups used and it would present the holographic techniques explored with students or with the public. Finally, the results obtained in this work would be present and explored, with focus on students impact and outcomes, taking into account the public engagement on holography and its effect into scientific culture and analyzing the quality of holograms made by students and by the general public. subject.

Wide, Branching Channels

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-01-11

Southern spring on Mars brings sublimation of the seasonal dry ice polar cap. Gas trapped under the seasonal ice sheet carves channels on its way to escaping to the atmosphere. At this site, the channels are wider than we see elsewhere on Mars, perhaps meaning that the spider-like (or more scientifically, "araneiform") terrain here is older, or that the surface is more easily eroded. Seasonal fans of eroded surface material, pointed in two different directions, are deposited on the remaining ice. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA13151

Bubble Memory Module.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

I AD-A093 642 ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL ANAHEIM CA AUOEISSTAE-T F/S V/2 I BU13LE MEMORY MODULE. (U) DEC 80 0 0 BOHNING. F J BECKER NASI -14174...Cde under Contract NASI -14174 Dist’m/o National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information BranchA 1980 J Approvod ior...9/ BUBBLE M MORY MODULE.(U) DEC 80 0 BHNING, F J BECKER NASI -14174 NCLASSIFIED CB-569/201 NASA-CR-3380 ML22-fllfllf ll l ff mmlmmmmm.l®fmmM EEmmEI

COCHISE Observations of Argon Rydberg Emission from 2 to 16 Micrometers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-08-05

8217natu 5 I RNDALL E. M YJOHN S . GARIG Branch Cief Division Director Qualified requestors may obtain additional copies from the Defense Technical... S . TYPE or REPORT a PERIOD COVERED COCHISE OBSERVATIONS OF ARGON Scientific. Interim. RYDBERG EMISSION FROM 2 TO 16 6. PERFORMING 0140. REPORT NUMMER...Comparisons of obd~erved and simulated spectra sliow that s i.ntial ",WIR emission (- 1~gmm Arises from Rydberg states ert~ DO .W-1473 fDITION OF I NOV 65

EHS and FME Lend Their Expertise to NCI Campus Refurbishment Project | Poster

Cancer.gov

In October 2015, the NCI executive officer and the director of NCI’s Office of Space and Facilities Management (OSFM) announced a wide-ranging refurbishment plan for NCI at Frederick. Since then, a project team comprising members from the Office of Scientific Operations, the Management Operations Support Branch, OSFM, the Center for Cancer Research, the Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) directorate, and the Facilities Maintenance and Engineering (FME) directorate have met regularly with the laboratory groups affected by the refurbishment plan. Read more...

Effect of Pulsed 5.62 GHz Microwaves on Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) Performing a Repeated Acquisition Task.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-28

i Dist Reviewed by Approved and Released by Ashton Graybiel, M.D. Captain W. M. Houk , MC, USN Chief, Scientific Advisor Commanding Officer 28...attention should be given to exposures of the head and extrem- ities when establishing safety standards for human exposure.: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mr. C. S ...final written form of this report, and to Mr. R. C. Barrett, Mr. J. B. Paul and Mr. S . K. Sulcer, Vj ;ual Aids Branch, for their artistic production of

Analyzing the Impacts of Natural Environments on Launch and Landing Availability for NASA's Eploration Systems Development Programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Altino, Karen M.; Burns, K. Lee; Barbre, Robert E.; Leahy, Frank B.

2014-01-01

NASA is developing new capabilities for human and scientific exploration beyond Earth orbit. Natural environments information is an important asset for NASA's development of the next generation space transportation system as part of the Exploration Systems Development Program, which includes the Space Launch System (SLS) and MultiPurpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) Programs. Natural terrestrial environment conditions - such as wind, lightning and sea states - can affect vehicle safety and performance during multiple mission phases ranging from prelaunch ground processing to landing and recovery operations, including all potential abort scenarios. Space vehicles are particularly sensitive to these environments during the launch/ascent and the entry/landing phases of mission operations. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Natural Environments Branch provides engineering design support for NASA space vehicle projects and programs by providing design engineers and mission planners with natural environments definitions as well as performing custom analyses to help characterize the impacts the natural environment may have on vehicle performance. One such analysis involves assessing the impact of natural environments to operational availability. Climatological time series of operational surface weather observations are used to calculate probabilities of meeting or exceeding various sets of hypothetical vehicle-specific parametric constraint thresholds.

Academic Branch Libraries: Assessment and Collection Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poole, Julie

2009-01-01

An ongoing project at Mercer University's Regional Academic Center Libraries illustrates how utilizing established assessment guidelines, stakeholder input, and a clear understanding of audience and curriculum needs may all be used to optimize a collection. Academic branch libraries often have clear collection development limitations in terms of…

Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD) Branch. NICHD Report to the NACHHD Council

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), 2005

2005-01-01

This document is the quadrennial report of the Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD) Branch to the National Advisory Child Health and Human Development (NACHHD) Council. The MRDD Branch is a vital, evolving entity within the Center for Developmental Biology and Perinatal Medicine (CDBPM) at the National Institute of Child …

Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Branch (NICHD) Report to the NACHHD Council.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Inst. of Child Health and Human Development (NIH), Bethesda, MD. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Branch.

This report highlights some of the projects supported by the Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD) Branch of the Center for Research for Mothers and Children at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development since its last report in January 1997. The MRDD Branch provides support for research, research training,…

Architecture, Assembly, and Emerging Applications of Branched Functional Polyelectrolytes and Poly(ionic liquid)s.

PubMed

Xu, Weinan; Ledin, Petr A; Shevchenko, Valery V; Tsukruk, Vladimir V

2015-06-17

Branched polyelectrolytes with cylindrical brush, dendritic, hyperbranched, grafted, and star architectures bearing ionizable functional groups possess complex and unique assembly behavior in solution at surfaces and interfaces as compared to their linear counterparts. This review summarizes the recent developments in the introduction of various architectures and understanding of the assembly behavior of branched polyelectrolytes with a focus on functional polyelectrolytes and poly(ionic liquid)s with responsive properties. The branched polyelectrolytes and poly(ionic liquid)s interact electrostatically with small molecules, linear polyelectrolytes, or other branched polyelectrolytes to form assemblies of hybrid nanoparticles, multilayer thin films, responsive microcapsules, and ion-conductive membranes. The branched structures lead to unconventional assemblies and complex hierarchical structures with responsive properties as summarized in this review. Finally, we discuss prospectives for emerging applications of branched polyelectrolytes and poly(ionic liquid)s for energy harvesting and storage, controlled delivery, chemical microreactors, adaptive surfaces, and ion-exchange membranes.

Modern prospects of development of branch of solar power

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luchkina, Veronika

2017-10-01

Advantages of solar energy for modern companies are evident already. Article describes mechanism of the solar electricity generation. Process of production of solar modules with appliance of the modern technologies of sun energy production. The branch of solar energy “green energy” become advanced in Russia and has a stable demand. Classification of investments on the different stages of construction projects of solar power plants and calculation of their economic efficiency. Studying of introduction of these technologies allows to estimate the modern prospects of development of branch of solar power.

Leading Process Branch Instability in Lis1+/− Nonradially Migrating Interneurons

PubMed Central

Gopal, Pallavi P.; Simonet, Jacqueline C.; Shapiro, William

2010-01-01

Mammalian forebrain development requires extensive migration, yet the mechanisms through which migrating neurons sense and respond to guidance cues are not well understood. Similar to the axon growth cone, the leading process and branches of neurons may guide migration, but the cytoskeletal events that regulate branching are unknown. We have previously shown that loss of microtubule-associated protein Lis1 reduces branching during migration compared with wild-type neurons. Using time-lapse imaging of Lis1+/− and Lis1+/+ cells migrating from medial ganglionic eminence explant cultures, we show that the branching defect is not due to a failure to initiate branches but a defect in the stabilization of new branches. The leading processes of Lis1+/− neurons have reduced expression of stabilized, acetylated microtubules compared with Lis1+/+ neurons. To determine whether Lis1 modulates branch stability through its role as the noncatalytic β regulatory subunit of platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase 1b, exogenous PAF was applied to wild-type cells. Excess PAF added to wild-type neurons phenocopies the branch instability observed in Lis1+/− neurons, and a PAF antagonist rescues leading process branching in Lis1+/− neurons. These data highlight a role for Lis1, acting through the PAF pathway, in leading process branching and microtubule stabilization. PMID:19861636

Linking ice accretion and crown structure: towards a model of the effect of freezing rain on tree canopies

PubMed Central

Nock, Charles A.; Lecigne, Bastien; Taugourdeau, Olivier; Greene, David F.; Dauzat, Jean; Delagrange, Sylvain; Messier, Christian

2016-01-01

Background and Aims Despite a longstanding interest in variation in tree species vulnerability to ice storm damage, quantitative analyses of the influence of crown structure on within-crown variation in ice accretion are rare. In particular, the effect of prior interception by higher branches on lower branch accumulation remains unstudied. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intra-crown ice accretion can be predicted by a measure of the degree of sheltering by neighbouring branches. Methods Freezing rain was artificially applied to Acer platanoides L., and in situ branch-ice thickness was measured directly and from LiDAR point clouds. Two models of freezing rain interception were developed: ‘IceCube’, which uses point clouds to relate ice accretion to a voxel-based index (sheltering factor; SF) of the sheltering effect of branch elements above a measurement point; and ‘IceTree’, a simulation model for in silico evaluation of the interception pattern of freezing rain in virtual tree crowns. Key Results Intra-crown radial ice accretion varied strongly, declining from the tips to the bases of branches and from the top to the base of the crown. SF for branches varied strongly within the crown, and differences among branches were consistent for a range of model parameters. Intra-crown variation in ice accretion on branches was related to SF (R2 = 0·46), with in silico results from IceTree supporting empirical relationships from IceCube. Conclusions Empirical results and simulations confirmed a key role for crown architecture in determining intra-crown patterns of ice accretion. As suspected, the concentration of freezing rain droplets is attenuated by passage through the upper crown, and thus higher branches accumulate more ice than lower branches. This is the first step in developing a model that can provide a quantitative basis for investigating intra-crown and inter-specific variation in freezing rain damage. PMID:27107412

Association mapping in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) reveals independent control of apical vs. basal branching.

PubMed

Nambeesan, Savithri U; Mandel, Jennifer R; Bowers, John E; Marek, Laura F; Ebert, Daniel; Corbi, Jonathan; Rieseberg, Loren H; Knapp, Steven J; Burke, John M

2015-03-11

Shoot branching is an important determinant of plant architecture and influences various aspects of growth and development. Selection on branching has also played an important role in the domestication of crop plants, including sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Here, we describe an investigation of the genetic basis of variation in branching in sunflower via association mapping in a diverse collection of cultivated sunflower lines. Detailed phenotypic analyses revealed extensive variation in the extent and type of branching within the focal population. After correcting for population structure and kinship, association analyses were performed using a genome-wide collection of SNPs to identify genomic regions that influence a variety of branching-related traits. This work resulted in the identification of multiple previously unidentified genomic regions that contribute to variation in branching. Genomic regions that were associated with apical and mid-apical branching were generally distinct from those associated with basal and mid-basal branching. Homologs of known branching genes from other study systems (i.e., Arabidopsis, rice, pea, and petunia) were also identified from the draft assembly of the sunflower genome and their map positions were compared to those of associations identified herein. Numerous candidate branching genes were found to map in close proximity to significant branching associations. In sunflower, variation in branching is genetically complex and overall branching patterns (i.e., apical vs. basal) were found to be influenced by distinct genomic regions. Moreover, numerous candidate branching genes mapped in close proximity to significant branching associations. Although the sunflower genome exhibits localized islands of elevated linkage disequilibrium (LD), these non-random associations are known to decay rapidly elsewhere. The subset of candidate genes that co-localized with significant associations in regions of low LD represents the most promising target for future functional analyses.

The Direction of Fluid Dynamics for Liquid Propulsion at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Griffin, Lisa W.

2012-01-01

Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-designated center for the development of space launch systems. MSFC is particularly known for propulsion system development. Many engineering skills and technical disciplines are needed to accomplish this mission. This presentation will focus on the work of the Fluid Dynamics Branch (ER42). ER42 resides in the Propulsion Systems Department at MSFC. The branch is responsible for all aspects of the discipline of fluid dynamics applied to propulsion or propulsion-induced loads and environments. This work begins with design trades and parametric studies, and continues through development, risk assessment, anomaly investigation and resolution, and failure investigations. Applications include the propellant delivery system including the main propulsion system (MPS) and turbomachinery; combustion devices for liquid engines and solid rocket motors; coupled systems; and launch environments. An advantage of the branch is that it is neither analysis nor test centric, but discipline centric. Fluid dynamics assessments are made by analysis, from lumped parameter modeling through unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD); testing, which can be cold flow or hot fire; or a combination of analysis and testing. Integration of all discipline methods into one branch enables efficient and accurate support to the projects. To accomplish this work, the branch currently employs approximately fifty engineers divided into four teams -- Propellant Delivery CFD, Combustion Driven Flows CFD, Unsteady and Experimental Flows, and Acoustics and Stability. This discussion will highlight some of the work performed in the branch and the direction in which the branch is headed.

Human liver segments: role of cryptic liver lobes and vascular physiology in the development of liver veins and left-right asymmetry.

PubMed

Hikspoors, Jill P J M; Peeters, Mathijs M J P; Kruepunga, Nutmethee; Mekonen, Hayelom K; Mommen, Greet M C; Köhler, S Eleonore; Lamers, Wouter H

2017-12-07

Couinaud based his well-known subdivision of the liver into (surgical) segments on the branching order of portal veins and the location of hepatic veins. However, both segment boundaries and number remain controversial due to an incomplete understanding of the role of liver lobes and vascular physiology on hepatic venous development. Human embryonic livers (5-10 weeks of development) were visualized with Amira 3D-reconstruction and Cinema 4D-remodeling software. Starting at 5 weeks, the portal and umbilical veins sprouted portal-vein branches that, at 6.5 weeks, had been pruned to 3 main branches in the right hemi-liver, whereas all (>10) persisted in the left hemi-liver. The asymmetric branching pattern of the umbilical vein resembled that of a "distributing" vessel, whereas the more symmetric branching of the portal trunk resembled a "delivering" vessel. At 6 weeks, 3-4 main hepatic-vein outlets drained into the inferior caval vein, of which that draining the caudate lobe formed the intrahepatic portion of the caval vein. More peripherally, 5-6 major tributaries drained both dorsolateral regions and the left and right ventromedial regions, implying a "crypto-lobar" distribution. Lobar boundaries, even in non-lobated human livers, and functional vascular requirements account for the predictable topography and branching pattern of the liver veins, respectively.

TCP transcription factor, BRANCH ANGLE DEFECTIVE 1 (BAD1), is required for normal tassel branch angle formation in maize.

PubMed

Bai, Fang; Reinheimer, Renata; Durantini, Diego; Kellogg, Elizabeth A; Schmidt, Robert J

2012-07-24

In grass inflorescences, a structure called the "pulvinus" is found between the inflorescence main stem and lateral branches. The size of the pulvinus affects the angle of the lateral branches that emerge from the main axis and therefore has a large impact on inflorescence architecture. Through EMS mutagenesis we have identified three complementation groups of recessive mutants in maize having defects in pulvinus formation. All mutants showed extremely acute tassel branch angles accompanied by a significant reduction in the size of the pulvinus compared with normal plants. Two of the complementation groups correspond to mutations in the previously identified genes, RAMOSA2 (RA2) and LIGULELESS1 (LG1). Mutants corresponding to a third group were cloned using mapped-based approaches and found to encode a new member of the plant-specific TCP (TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN FACTOR) family of DNA-binding proteins, BRANCH ANGLE DEFECTIVE 1 (BAD1). BAD1 is expressed in the developing pulvinus as well as in other developing tissues, including the tassels and juvenile leaves. Both molecular and genetics studies show that RA2 is upstream of BAD1, whereas LG1 may function in a separate pathway. Our findings demonstrate that BAD1 is a TCP class II gene that functions to promote cell proliferation in a lateral organ, the pulvinus, and influences inflorescence architecture by impacting the angle of lateral branch emergence.

Model-based branching point detection in single-cell data by K-branches clustering

PubMed Central

Chlis, Nikolaos K.; Wolf, F. Alexander; Theis, Fabian J.

2017-01-01

Abstract Motivation The identification of heterogeneities in cell populations by utilizing single-cell technologies such as single-cell RNA-Seq, enables inference of cellular development and lineage trees. Several methods have been proposed for such inference from high-dimensional single-cell data. They typically assign each cell to a branch in a differentiation trajectory. However, they commonly assume specific geometries such as tree-like developmental hierarchies and lack statistically sound methods to decide on the number of branching events. Results We present K-Branches, a solution to the above problem by locally fitting half-lines to single-cell data, introducing a clustering algorithm similar to K-Means. These halflines are proxies for branches in the differentiation trajectory of cells. We propose a modified version of the GAP statistic for model selection, in order to decide on the number of lines that best describe the data locally. In this manner, we identify the location and number of subgroups of cells that are associated with branching events and full differentiation, respectively. We evaluate the performance of our method on single-cell RNA-Seq data describing the differentiation of myeloid progenitors during hematopoiesis, single-cell qPCR data of mouse blastocyst development, single-cell qPCR data of human myeloid monocytic leukemia and artificial data. Availability and implementation An R implementation of K-Branches is freely available at https://github.com/theislab/kbranches. Contact fabian.theis@helmholtz-muenchen.de Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. PMID:28582478

Analysis of branched DNA replication and recombination intermediates from prokaryotic cells by two-dimensional (2D) native-native agarose gel electrophoresis.

PubMed

Robinson, Nicholas P

2013-01-01

Branched DNA molecules are generated by the essential processes of replication and recombination. Owing to their distinctive extended shapes, these intermediates migrate differently from linear double-stranded DNA under certain electrophoretic conditions. However, these branched species exist in the cell at much low abundance than the bulk linear DNA. Consequently, branched molecules cannot be visualized by conventional electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. Two-dimensional native-native agarose electrophoresis has therefore been developed as a method to facilitate the separation and visualization of branched replication and recombination intermediates. A wide variety of studies have employed this technique to examine branched molecules in eukaryotic, archaeal, and bacterial cells, providing valuable insights into how DNA is duplicated and repaired in all three domains of life.

[Telling a history ... the creation process of the Brazilian Nurses Association-Rio Grande do Sul Chapter].

PubMed

Mancia, J R; Burlamaque, C S

2001-01-01

This work is a description of the most relevant facts of the branch of the Brazilian Association of Nursing (ABEn) in Rio Grande do Sul federal state, along its fifty years of work. The data was collected in primary sources such as records of the association, newspaper articles, congress minutes, reports from ABEn's members, and pictures. The study contextualizes nursing in the period, which precedes the creation of this branch. It presents biographical aspects of the first directors of the association. Reports the trajectory of this branch, focusing on its struggle to legitimate the nursing profession as a profession that demands higher education and to include it in the career plans of public and private organizations. Describes the efforts of the association to meet the demands of the professional and educational legislation. Presents the work done to strengthen ABEn-Rio Grande do Sul through the organization of campaigns, scientific events and the event Semana da Enfermagem (congress of nursing). It also acknowledges the decisive role of ABEn-RS in the creation and consolidation of the Syndicate of Nursing and of the Federal/Regional Board of Nursing. Finally the study demonstrates that, although it defends specific professional interests, it also has a profound commitment with the quality of the health service provided in Brazil.

76 FR 78869 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designations of areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-20

...-9460. 4. Mail: Steven Brown, Atmospheric Section, Air Planning and Development Branch, Air and Waste..., Kansas 66101. 5. Hand Delivery or Courier: Steven Brown, Atmospheric Section, Air Planning and... Atmospheric Section, Air Planning and Development Branch, Air Waste and Management Division, U.S...

High temperature stress and its effect on pollen development and morphological components of harvest index in the C3 model grass Brachypodium distachyon

PubMed Central

Harsant, Jeffrey; Pavlovic, Lazar; Chiu, Greta; Sultmanis, Stefanie; Sage, Tammy L.

2013-01-01

The effect of high temperatures on harvest index (HI) and morphological components that contribute to HI was investigated in two lines (Bd21 and Bd21-3) of Brachypodium distachyon, a C3 grass recognized as a tractable plant, to address critical issues associated with enhancing cereal crop yields in the presence of global climate change. The results demonstrated that temperatures ≥32 °C eliminated HI. Reductions in yield at 32 °C were due primarily to declines in pollen viability, retention of pollen in anthers, and pollen germination, while abortion of microspores by the uninucleate stage that was correlated with abnormal tapetal development resulted in yield failure at 36 °C. Increasing temperatures from 24 to 32 °C resulted in reductions in tiller numbers but had no impact on axillary branch numbers per tiller. Grain developed at 24 and 28 °C primarily in tiller spikes, although spikes on axillary branches also formed grain. Grain quantity decreased in tiller spikes but increased in axillary branch spikes as temperatures rose from 24 to 28 °C. Differential patterns of axillary branching and floret development within spikelets between Bd21 and Bd21-3 resulted in higher grain yield in axillary branches of Bd21-3 at 28 °C. The response of male reproductive development and tiller branching patterns in B. distachyon to increasing temperatures mirrors that in other cereal crops, providing support for the use of this C3 grass in assessing the molecular control of HI in the presence of global warming. PMID:23771979

Web portal on environmental sciences "ATMOS''

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordov, E. P.; Lykosov, V. N.; Fazliev, A. Z.

2006-06-01

The developed under INTAS grant web portal ATMOS (http://atmos.iao.ru and http://atmos.scert.ru) makes available to the international research community, environmental managers, and the interested public, a bilingual information source for the domain of Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry, and the related application domain of air quality assessment and management. It offers access to integrated thematic information, experimental data, analytical tools and models, case studies, and related information and educational resources compiled, structured, and edited by the partners into a coherent and consistent thematic information resource. While offering the usual components of a thematic site such as link collections, user group registration, discussion forum, news section etc., the site is distinguished by its scientific information services and tools: on-line models and analytical tools, and data collections and case studies together with tutorial material. The portal is organized as a set of interrelated scientific sites, which addressed basic branches of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Modeling as well as the applied domains of Air Quality Assessment and Management, Modeling, and Environmental Impact Assessment. Each scientific site is open for external access information-computational system realized by means of Internet technologies. The main basic science topics are devoted to Atmospheric Chemistry, Atmospheric Spectroscopy and Radiation, Atmospheric Aerosols, Atmospheric Dynamics and Atmospheric Models, including climate models. The portal ATMOS reflects current tendency of Environmental Sciences transformation into exact (quantitative) sciences and is quite effective example of modern Information Technologies and Environmental Sciences integration. It makes the portal both an auxiliary instrument to support interdisciplinary projects of regional environment and extensive educational resource in this important domain.

[Application of bone flap pedicled on retrograde branch of radial artery for treatment of old scaphoid bone fractures of type AO-B].

PubMed

Sun, Qing-peng

2015-05-01

To investigate application of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery for treatment of old scaphoid bone fractures of type AO-B. From October 2007 to October 2011,41 patients with old scaphoid bone fractures of type AO-B were treated by transplantation of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery including 26 males and 15 females with an average of (27.3±4.5) years old ranging from 16 to 43 years old. The courses before operation ranged from 6 to 22 months with an average of 11 months. All fractures belonged to the type B of AO classification, that is old wrist fracture of scaphoid bone. All patients' wrist function (pain, function, motion, grip strength) were evaluated by Cooney's modifiedwrist scoring system before and 6 months after operation,and the conditions of bone healing were observed during the follow-up time. Among them, 36 patients were followed up from 4 to 15 months with an average of 8.3 months. The wounds were healed well without other complications as infection appearing. X-rays or CT confirmed that all fractures were healed completely. The Cooney wrist score was improved from preoperative 53.61±13.97 to postoperative 81.81±8.71 (P<0.01). The operation of transplantation of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery is an effective method to treat old scaphoid bone fractures,which is scientific and has curative effects, and valuable for clinical application.

Central retinal vein occlusion with cilioretinal infarction from branch flow exclusion and choroidal arterial steal.

PubMed

McLeod, David

2009-01-01

The first definitive study of retinal vein occlusion complicated by infarction within the territory of one or more cilioretinal arteries was published in 1976. Many individual cases and further case series have been reported in the interim, but the nature of the interrelationship is still under debate. A review was undertaken of the relevant clinical and fundus fluorescein angiographic characteristics of this combined retinal vascular disorder together with the pathophysiological mechanisms currently presented in the literature to explain their association. Scientific publications up to 2008 were evaluated by one of the authors of the original report. There are broad similarities between publications in their descriptions of the clinical features, but significant differences of detail and interpretation are also evident. Most of the mechanisms so far proposed to account for cilioretinal infarction after central or hemisphere retinal vein occlusion do not withstand critical scrutiny. Two related hypotheses are expounded that appear to satisfactorily elucidate this interrelationship -- branch flow exclusion and branch flow diversion (otherwise termed "choroidal arterial steal"). In eyes with a cilioretinal supply, the probability that cilioretinal infarction will complicate retinal vein occlusion increases with increasing severity of venous obstruction and the more distally the cilioretinal artery arises from the posterior ciliary arterial tree. A distal branch point also facilitates observation of dye front reciprocation within the artery. Indicators of the degree of venous obstruction that may be necessary to instigate cilioretinal infarction include very prolonged dye transit times in the central retinal circulation, exaggerated venous cyanosis and tortuosity, perivenous cotton-wool sentinels, and macular perivenular whitening.

Prevalence and elimination of sibling neurite convergence in motor units supplying neonatal and adult mouse skeletal muscle.

PubMed

Teriakidis, Adrianna; Willshaw, David J; Ribchester, Richard R

2012-10-01

During development, neurons form supernumerary synapses, most of which are selectively pruned leading to stereotyped patterns of innervation. During the development of skeletal muscle innervation, or its regeneration after nerve injury, each muscle fiber is transiently innervated by multiple motor axon branches but eventually by a single branch. The selective elimination of all but one branch is the result of competition between the converging arbors. It is thought that motor neurons initially innervate muscle fibers randomly, but that axon branches from the same neuron (sibling branches) do not converge to innervate the same muscle fiber. However, random innervation would result in many neonatal endplates that are co-innervated by sibling branches. To investigate whether this occurs we examined neonatal levator auris longus (LAL) and 4th deep lumbrical (4DL) muscles, as well as adult reinnervated deep lumbrical muscles (1-4) in transgenic mice expressing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) as a reporter. We provide direct evidence of convergence of sibling neurites within single fluorescent motor units, both during development and during regeneration after nerve crush. The incidence of sibling neurite convergence was 40% lower in regeneration and at least 75% lower during development than expected by chance. Therefore, there must be a mechanism that decreases the probability of its occurrence. As sibling neurite convergence is not seen in normal adults, or at later timepoints in regeneration, synapse elimination must also remove convergent synaptic inputs derived from the same motor neuron. Mechanistic theories of synaptic competition should now accommodate this form of isoaxonal plasticity. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Mending the Butterfly: The New Historicism and Keats's "Eve of St. Agnes."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banerjee, Jacqueline

1995-01-01

Argues that among the branches of historicism practiced by literary critics today, a branch of New Historicism that is broadly humanistic as opposed to narrowly political is the most illuminating. Describes the development and theoretical premises of this branch. Shows how it may be applied to the analysis of a literary work such as Keats's…

Counter Tunnel Project

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION The work described in this report was performed by the Unmanned Systems Science & Technology Branch (Code 71710) and the...Unmanned Systems Advanced Development Branch (Code 71720), Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SSC Pacific), San Diego, CA, and the Air...Earth™ is a trademark of Google Inc. Released by T. Pastore, Head Unmanned Systems Science & Technology Branch Under authority of A. D

Constancy and characteristics of the anterior cutaneous branch of the first intercostal nerve: correcting the descriptions in human anatomy texts.

PubMed

Miyawaki, Makoto

2006-12-01

Human anatomy texts state that the anterior cutaneous branch of the first intercostal nerve (Rca-Th1) does not exist or that, even if it does, it is poorly developed. However, an anterior cutaneous branch in the first intercostal space (Rca-1) was observed in 74.8% of cases examined (104/139 sides) and was not poorly developed at all. Some of the observed Rca-I were even larger than the anterior cutaneous branches in the second intercostal space (Rca-ll). The segment of origin of the Rca-I was analyzed in 37 sides and 66.2% (49/74 branches) were confirmed to be from Th1. As a result, in contrast with traditional beliefs, it was shown that Rca-Th1 exists. The Rca-I was classified into two types according to the course and distribution: (i) an anterior cutaneous branch that appeared at the anterior end of the first intercostal space (ICS), ran through the pectoralis major muscle and extended in the first ICS (Rca-1); and (ii) another branch that appeared at the same place but ran downward along the anterior surface of the second costal cartilage, deep to the pectoralis major muscle, to reach the inferior edge of the second costal cartilage or the second ICS, passed through the pectoralis major muscle and extended to the second rib or the second ICS (pseudo Rca-2). It was found that 77.8% (35/45 branches) of Rca-1 and 48.3% (14/29 branches) of pseudo Rca-2 were derived from Th1. Accordingly, the author suggests that the description in human anatomy texts should be revised to read, '... the Rca-Th1 exists quite constantly and some of appear at a position resembling Rca-Th2'.

Hepatic Arterial Configuration in Relation to the Segmental Anatomy of the Liver; Observations on MDCT and DSA Relevant to Radioembolization Treatment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hoven, Andor F. van den, E-mail: a.f.vandenhoven@umcutrecht.nl; Leeuwen, Maarten S. van, E-mail: m.s.vanleeuwen@umcutrecht.nl; Lam, Marnix G. E. H., E-mail: m.lam@umcutrecht.nl

PurposeCurrent anatomical classifications do not include all variants relevant for radioembolization (RE). The purpose of this study was to assess the individual hepatic arterial configuration and segmental vascularization pattern and to develop an individualized RE treatment strategy based on an extended classification.MethodsThe hepatic vascular anatomy was assessed on MDCT and DSA in patients who received a workup for RE between February 2009 and November 2012. Reconstructed MDCT studies were assessed to determine the hepatic arterial configuration (origin of every hepatic arterial branch, branching pattern and anatomical course) and the hepatic segmental vascularization territory of all branches. Aberrant hepatic arteries weremore » defined as hepatic arterial branches that did not originate from the celiac axis/CHA/PHA. Early branching patterns were defined as hepatic arterial branches originating from the celiac axis/CHA.ResultsThe hepatic arterial configuration and segmental vascularization pattern could be assessed in 110 of 133 patients. In 59 patients (54 %), no aberrant hepatic arteries or early branching was observed. Fourteen patients without aberrant hepatic arteries (13 %) had an early branching pattern. In the 37 patients (34 %) with aberrant hepatic arteries, five also had an early branching pattern. Sixteen different hepatic arterial segmental vascularization patterns were identified and described, differing by the presence of aberrant hepatic arteries, their respective vascular territory, and origin of the artery vascularizing segment four.ConclusionsThe hepatic arterial configuration and segmental vascularization pattern show marked individual variability beyond well-known classifications of anatomical variants. We developed an individualized RE treatment strategy based on an extended anatomical classification.« less

The effect of Pb addition on the morphology of CdSe quantum dot

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Young-Kuk; Cho, Young-Sang; Chung, Kookchae; Choi, Chul-Jin

2010-08-01

CdSe quantum dots had been synthesized with a hot injection method. It was shown that the addition of Pb ions in the initial precursor solution changed the morphology of CdSe nanocrystals from slightly prolate ellipsoid to branched rod. Photoluminescence (PL) of the branched nanocrystals showed rapid depression of emission intensity due to the morphological development to the branched nanocrystal induced by Pb addition. Low temperature PL spectrum indicated that the surface recombination of charge carrier resulted in the large depression of emission from the branched nanocrystal.

Overview of the Advanced High Frequency Branch

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miranda, Felix A.

2015-01-01

This presentation provides an overview of the competencies, selected areas of research and technology development activities, and current external collaborative efforts of the NASA Glenn Research Center's Advanced High Frequency Branch.

2011 Military Family Life Project (MFLP): Tabulations of Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-30

officials contributing to the development of this survey included Cathy Flynn and Yuko Whitestone (Military Community and Family Policy). DMDC’s Survey...Design, Analysis & Operations Branch, under the guidance of Lindsay Rock, Acting Branch Chief, is responsible for the development of questionnaires...responsible for developing the sampling and weighting methods used in the survey program. Fawzi Al Nassir, SRA International, Inc., supervised the

4D Biofabrication of Branching Multicellular Structures: A Morphogenesis Simulation Based on Turing’s Reaction-Diffusion Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Xiaolu; Yang, Hao

2017-12-01

The recently emerged four-dimensional (4D) biofabrication technique aims to create dynamic three-dimensional (3D) biological structures that can transform their shapes or functionalities with time when an external stimulus is imposed or when cell postprinting self-assembly occurs. The evolution of 3D pattern of branching geometry via self-assembly of cells is critical for 4D biofabrication of artificial organs or tissues with branched geometry. However, it is still unclear that how the formation and evolution of these branching pattern are biologically encoded. We study the 4D fabrication of lung branching structures utilizing a simulation model on the reaction-diffusion mechanism, which is established using partial differential equations of four variables, describing the reaction and diffusion process of morphogens with time during the development process of lung branching. The simulation results present the forming process of 3D branching pattern, and also interpret the behaviors of side branching and tip splitting as the stalk growing, through 3D visualization of numerical simulation.

Wind-Induced Reconfigurations in Flexible Branched Trees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ojo, Oluwafemi; Shoele, Kourosh

2017-11-01

Wind induced stresses are the major mechanical cause of failure in trees. We know that the branching mechanism has an important effect on the stress distribution and stability of a tree in the wind. Eloy in PRL 2011, showed that Leonardo da Vinci's original observation which states the total cross section of branches is conserved across branching nodes is the best configuration for resisting wind-induced fracture in rigid trees. However, prediction of the fracture risk and pattern of a tree is also a function of their reconfiguration capabilities and how they mitigate large wind-induced stresses. In this studies through developing an efficient numerical simulation of flexible branched trees, we explore the role of the tree flexibility on the optimal branching. Our results show that the probability of a tree breaking at any point depends on both the cross-section changes in the branching nodes and the level of tree flexibility. It is found that the branching mechanism based on Leonardo da Vinci's original observation leads to a uniform stress distribution over a wide range of flexibilities but the pattern changes for more flexible systems.

Abnormal Q waves in right sided chest leads provoked by onset of right bundle-branch block in patients with anteroseptal infarction.

PubMed Central

Rosenbaum, M B; Girotti, L A; Lázzari, J O; Halpern, M S; Elizari, M V

1982-01-01

In five cases of anteroseptal myocardial infarction complicated by intermittent right bundle-branch block, the onset of right bundle-branch block provoked the appearance of abnormal Q waves in leads V1 and V2, whereas a small initial R wave was present in the same leads during normal conduction. The intermittency of the conduction disturbance indicated that the Q waves were "right bundle-branch block dependent". It was also apparent that right bundle-branch block shifted the electrical location of the infarct towards the right, and made it look much larger. Right bundle-branch block dependent Q waves may arise during the acute stage of an anterior infarct suggesting, fallaciously, that an acute extension has occurred, or during the chronic stage, leading to the erroneous supposition that a new infarct had developed. The abnormal Q waves anteroseptal infarction complicated by fixed right bundle-branch block, though obviously related to the infarct, may be dependent on the right bundle-branch block. PMID:7059400

Expression of T-box transcription factors 2, 4 and 5 is decreased in the branching airway mesenchyme of nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lungs.

PubMed

Takahashi, Toshiaki; Friedmacher, Florian; Zimmer, Julia; Puri, Prem

2017-02-01

Pulmonary hypoplasia (PH), characterized by smaller lung size and reduced airway branching, remains a major therapeutic challenge in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). T-box transcription factors (Tbx) have been identified as key components of the gene network that regulates fetal lung development. Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 are expressed throughout the mesenchyme of the developing lung, regulating the process of lung branching morphogenesis. Furthermore, lungs of Tbx2-, Tbx4- and Tbx5-deficient mice are hypoplastic and exhibit decreased lung branching, similar to PH in human CDH. We hypothesized that the expression of Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 is decreased in the branching airway mesenchyme of hypoplastic rat lungs with nitrofen-induced CDH. Time-mated rats received either nitrofen or vehicle on gestational day 9 (D9). Fetuses were killed on D15, D18 and D21, and dissected lungs were divided into control and nitrofen-exposed specimens. Pulmonary gene expression of Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunofluorescence double staining for Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 was combined with the mesenchymal marker Fgf10 to assess protein expression and localization in branching airway tissue. Relative mRNA levels of Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 were significantly reduced in lungs of nitrofen-exposed fetuses on D15, D18 and D21 compared to controls. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed markedly diminished immunofluorescence of Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 in mesenchymal cells surrounding branching airways of nitrofen-exposed fetuses on D15, D18 and D21 compared to controls. Decreased expression of Tbx2, Tbx4 and Tbx5 in the pulmonary mesenchyme during fetal lung development may lead to a decrease or arrest of airway branching, thus contributing to PH in the nitrofen-induced CDH model.

OsRAMOSA2 Shapes Panicle Architecture through Regulating Pedicel Length.

PubMed

Lu, Huan; Dai, Zhengyan; Li, Ling; Wang, Jiang; Miao, Xuexia; Shi, Zhenying

2017-01-01

The panicle architecture of rice is an important characteristic that influences reproductive success and yield. It is largely determined by the number and length of the primary and secondary branches. The number of panicle branches is defined by the inflorescence meristem state between determinacy and indeterminacy; for example, the maize ramosa2 ( ra2 ) mutant has more branches in its tassel through loss of spikelet determinacy. Some genes and factors influencing the number of primary and secondary branches have been studied, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying pedicel development, which also influences panicle architecture. We report here that rice OsRAMOSA2 ( OsRA2 ) gene modifies panicle architecture through regulating pedicel length. Ectopic expression of OsRA2 resulted in a shortened pedicel while inhibition of OsRA2 through RNA interference produced elongated pedicel. In addition, OsRA2 influenced seed morphology. The OsRA2 protein localized to the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation in yeast; in accordance with its function in pedicel development, OsRA2 mRNA was enriched in the anlagen of axillary meristems, such as primary and secondary branch meristems and the spikelet meristems of young panicles. This indicates a conserved role of OsRA2 for shaping the initial steps of inflorescence architecture. Genetic analysis revealed that OsRA2 may control panicle architecture using the same pathway as that of the axillary meristem gene LAX1 ( LAX PANICLE1 ). Moreover, OsRA2 acted downstream of RCN2 in regulating pedicel and branch lengths, but upstream of RCN2 for control of the number of secondary branches, indicating that branch number and length development in the panicle were respectively regulated using parallel pathway. Functional conservation between OsRA2 and AtLOB , and the conservation and diversification of RA2 in maize and rice are also discussed.

The Specific Features of design and process engineering in branch of industrial enterprise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sosedko, V. V.; Yanishevskaya, A. G.

2017-06-01

Production output of industrial enterprise is organized in debugged working mechanisms at each stage of product’s life cycle from initial design documentation to product and finishing it with utilization. The topic of article is mathematical model of the system design and process engineering in branch of the industrial enterprise, statistical processing of estimated implementation results of developed mathematical model in branch, and demonstration of advantages at application at this enterprise. During the creation of model a data flow about driving of information, orders, details and modules in branch of enterprise groups of divisions were classified. Proceeding from the analysis of divisions activity, a data flow, details and documents the state graph of design and process engineering was constructed, transitions were described and coefficients are appropriated. To each condition of system of the constructed state graph the corresponding limiting state probabilities were defined, and also Kolmogorov’s equations are worked out. When integration of sets of equations of Kolmogorov the state probability of system activity the specified divisions and production as function of time in each instant is defined. On the basis of developed mathematical model of uniform system of designing and process engineering and manufacture, and a state graph by authors statistical processing the application of mathematical model results was carried out, and also advantage at application at this enterprise is shown. Researches on studying of loading services probability of branch and third-party contractors (the orders received from branch within a month) were conducted. The developed mathematical model of system design and process engineering and manufacture can be applied to definition of activity state probability of divisions and manufacture as function of time in each instant that will allow to keep account of loading of performance of work in branches of the enterprise.

Reflections on the fundamentals of Geoethics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tinti, Stefano; Armigliato, Alberto

2017-04-01

Geoethics is a relatively new entry in the world of geosciences and in the last years has found a receptive forum in scientific congresses and publications, since there is an increasing recognition that it raises important and crucial issues. In spite of this growth of interest, there is a lack of foundational concepts defining its role and scope. This work presents thoughts ad reflections on the foundation of Geoethics, and proposes answers to basic issues such as: Has it to be viewed as an independent science, at the border between geosciences and ethics? Is it one of the many branches of geosciences, or rather a branch of ethics? Is it a social science? What are the main themes of Geoethics? There is a need for a systematization of Geoethics, avoiding that different experts speak different languages or use the same words with different meanings. To answer the above questions, it is useful to consider the development of Bioethics, that is a discipline that had its foundation well before Geoethics and that at the beginning of its history was affected by analogous problems of disordered growth. While waiting for a definition of the status of Geoethics, here it is stressed, that Geoethics has to mark a cultural progress in the way geoscientists see their role and their responsibilities, at a scale from local to global, to ensure that today's and future societies are built and grow with the knowledge and awareness of opportunities and constraints provided by the basic processes of Nature.

A survey on the developmental intestinal microbiota research in China: The history, funding, and frontiers of gut bacteria.

PubMed

Chen, Hui Min; Liu, Xiao Wei; Sun, Rui Juan; Fang, Jing Yuan

2015-08-01

Up to 100 trillion bacteria are harbored in the human intestine with a mutualistic and interdependent relationship with the host during a long period of co-evolution. The so-called intestinal microbiota (IM) fulfill important metabolic tasks and the impaired stability may lead to IM-related diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), metabolic syndrome (MS), liver diseases, and so on. Here, we review the past and development of IM research in China, including the achievements that Chinese researchers have made both in basic and clinical scientific field. Moreover, we evaluate the contributions of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the 973 National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program), the 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), and funds from the public health industry in the field of IM research. © 2015 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

[Epigenetics 2.0: The multiple faces of the genome].

PubMed

Rubinstein, Marcelo

2016-09-01

Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that studies the dynamic relationship between stable genotypes and varying phenotypes. To this end, epigenetics aims to discover the molecular mechanisms that explain how different nutrients and hormones, environmental changes, and emotional, social and cognitive experiences modify gene expression and behaviors, even permanently so. Psychiatry has learned that diseases with strong genetic predisposition, such as schizophrenia, show a concordance of around 50% between monozygotic twins, thus evidencing the importance of the genetic background and the presence of environmental variables that stimulate or block phenotypic development. The interest in epigenetics has increased during the last few years due to fundamental discoveries made in molecular and behavioral genetics, although within this framework factual knowledge coexists with fictional expectations and wrong concepts. Is it possible that epigenetic variants modify temperament and human behavior? May abused or neglected children develop long-lasting epigenetic marks in their DNA? May bipolar states correlate with different epigenetic signatures? Studying these subjects in not an easy task, but experiments performed in lab animals suggest that these conjectures are reasonable, although there is still a long distance between hypotheses and scientifically proven facts.

[Laparoscopic training--the guarantee of a future in pediatric surgery].

PubMed

Drăghici, I; Drăghici, L; Popescu, M; Copăescu, C; Mitoiu, D; Dragomirescu, C

2009-01-01

Laparoscopy is considered today the highlight of modern surgery, the forerunner of the fascinating world of video and robotic surgery, both of them derived from the sophisticated areas of aeronautic industry. Remarkably, Romanian specialists keep up with the pace of worldwide technological developments, assimilating one by one each and every video endoscopic procedure. In the early 90s, the Romanian laparos-copic school was founded with the contribution of many important personalities; their activities and achievements have been an inspiration for the following generation of laparoscopic surgeons. In this last decade, the newest branch of laparoscopic surgery in our country, pediatric laparoscopy, managed to evolve from its "shy" beginnings to become an important method of improving the quality of surgical procedures, to the benefit of our "small patients". The purpose of this article is to encourage and promote minimally invasive video endoscopic surgery training, emphasizing its crucial role in the education and professional development of the next generation of pediatric surgeons, and not only. The modem concept of laparoscopic training includes experimental scientific practices, as well as the newest technical acquisitions such as virtual reality video-electronic simulation.

Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase Modulates Fetal Lung Branching Morphogenesis Possibly through Controlling K-Ras Prenylation.

PubMed

Jia, Wen-Jun; Jiang, Shan; Tang, Qiao-Li; Shen, Di; Xue, Bin; Ning, Wen; Li, Chao-Jun

2016-06-01

G proteins play essential roles in regulating fetal lung development, and any defects in their expression or function (eg, activation or posttranslational modification) can lead to lung developmental malformation. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) can modulate protein prenylation that is required for protein membrane-anchoring and activation. Here, we report that GGPPS regulates fetal lung branching morphogenesis possibly through controlling K-Ras prenylation during fetal lung development. GGPPS was continuously expressed in lung epithelium throughout whole fetal lung development. Specific deletion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (Ggps1) in lung epithelium during fetal lung development resulted in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome-like disease. The knockout mice died at postnatal day 1 of respiratory failure, and the lungs showed compensatory pneumonectasis, pulmonary atelectasis, and hyaline membranes. Subsequently, we proved that lung malformations in Ggps1-deficient mice resulted from the failure of fetal lung branching morphogenesis. Further investigation revealed Ggps1 deletion blocked K-Ras geranylgeranylation and extracellular signal-related kinase 1 or 2/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, which in turn disturbed fibroblast growth factor 10 regulation on fetal lung branching morphogenesis. Collectively, our data suggest that GGPPS is essential for maintaining fetal lung branching morphogenesis, which is possibly through regulating K-Ras prenylation. Copyright © 2016 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

6-O-Branched Oligo-β-glucan-Based Antifungal Glycoconjugate Vaccines.

PubMed

Liao, Guochao; Zhou, Zhifang; Liao, Jun; Zu, Luning; Wu, Qiuye; Guo, Zhongwu

2016-02-12

With the rapid growth in fungal infections and drug-resistant fungal strains, antifungal vaccines have become an especially attractive strategy to tackle this important health problem. β-Glucans, a class of extracellular carbohydrate antigens abundantly and consistently expressed on fungal cell surfaces, are intriguing epitopes for antifungal vaccine development. β-Glucans have a conserved β-1,3-glucan backbone with sporadic β-1,3- or β-1,6-linked short glucans as branches at the 6-O-positions, and the branches may play a critical role in their immunologic functions. To study the immunologic properties of branched β-glucans and develop β-glucan-based antifungal vaccines, three branched β-glucan oligosaccharides with 6-O-linked β-1,6-tetraglucose, β-1,3-diglucose, and β-1,3-tetraglucose branches on a β-1,3-nonaglucan backbone, which mimic the structural epitopes of natural β-glucans, were synthesized and coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) to form novel synthetic conjugate vaccines. These glycoconjugates were proved to elicit strong IgG antibody responses in mice. It was also discovered that the number, size, and structure of branches linked to the β-glucan backbone had a significant impact on the immunologic property. Moreover, antibodies induced by the synthetic oligosaccharide-KLH conjugates were able to recognize and bind to natural β-glucans and fungal cells. Most importantly, these conjugates elicited effective protection against systemic Candida albicans infection in mice. Thus, branched oligo-β-glucans were identified as functional epitopes for antifungal vaccine design and the corresponding protein conjugates as promising antifungal vaccine candidates.

Science Advising in the Legislative and Executive Branches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zimmerman, Peter D.

2002-04-01

Almost every action of modern government has some scientific and technical component. However, most senior officials who must set policy and make decisions have little or no scientific training. As a result a small, but growing, number of professional scientists have left their research careers for new ones providing the needed technical advice. Interestingly enough, the job of "science adviser" is very different in the Executive Branch than it is in Congress. The major part of that difference comes from the responsibilities of the parent organization: the Executive actually sets the policies, proposes budgets, and then must perform. As science adviser to the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and, after its merger with the State Department, I felt that I had a direct effect on how some issues were resolved. Congress, on the other hand, has the responsibility for authorizing and appropriating funds and setting the terms for their use. It exerts much of its power through holding hearings to make points to the public and the administration, but the adviser is usually placed bureaucratically much closer to the Senator or Congressman being advised than to a principal within the Executive Branch and may have more opportunities to communicate with his boss A science adviser is paid to advise on science, not policy, and must do his or her best not to shape the science to fit a desired outcome, the adviser's or the boss's. There are never enough scientists on staff to cover the territory; in all likelihood, there never will be. That makes it incumbent upon the adviser to reach out to his colleagues in ever-widening circles and across boundaries of disciplines. It certainly means learning new science along the way -- when I joined the SFRC staff last summer, I never dreamed that I would have to learn so much biology and medicine in a matter of days. The science community also has an obligation if it wants to see good science advising in Washington: be available; provide information; and help expand the circle of people on tap to give sound scientific information as uncolored by ideology as possible. In the end, of course, the success or failure of science advising at either end of Pennsylvania Avenue depends upon the chemistry between the adviser and his or her principal. I have been incredibly lucky in that respect. Solely the opinions of the author and not necessarily of the Foreign Relations Committee, the U.S. Senate, or the U.S. Government

Open Access Centre at the Nature Research Centre: a facility for enhancement of scientific research, education and public outreach in Lithuania

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Šerpenskienė, Silvija; Skridlaitė, Gražina

2014-05-01

Open Access Centre (OAC) was established in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2013 as a subdivision of the Nature Research Centre (NRC) operating on the principle of open access for both internal and external users. The OAC consists of 15 units, i.e. 15 NRC laboratories or their branches. Forty four sets of research equipment were purchased. The OAC cooperates with Lithuanian science and studies institutions, business sector and other governmental and public institutions. Investigations can be carried in the Geosciences, Biotaxonomy, Ecology and Molecular Research, and Ecotoxicology fields. Environmental radioactivity, radioecology, nuclear geophysics, microscopic and chemical composition of natural compounds (minerals, rocks etc.), paleomagnetic, magnetic and environmental investigations, as well as ground and water contamination by oil products and other organic environment polluting compounds, identification of fossils, rocks and minerals can be studied in the Georesearch field. Ecosystems and identification of plants, animals and microorganisms are main subjects of the Biotaxonomy, Ecology and Molecular Research field. The Ecotoxicologal Research deals with toxic and genotoxic effects of toxic substances and other sources of pollution on macro- and microorganisms and cell cultures. Open access is guaranteed by: (1) providing scientific research and experimental development services; (2) implementing joint business and science projects; (3) using facilities for the training of specialists of the highest qualifications; (4) providing properly qualified and technically trained users with opportunities to carry out their scientific research and/or experiments in the OAC laboratories by themselves. Services provided in the Open Access Centre can be received by both internal and external users: persons undertaking innovative economic activities, students of other educational institutions, interns, external teams of researchers engaged in scientific research activities, teachers etc. Applications for a grant of open access shall be received online in accordance with the established procedure via the NRC website (www.gamtostyrimai.lt). State-of-the-art equipment enables researchers to carry out up-to-date scientific research and educational projects, scientific experiments, graduation and laboratory works. Scientists, researchers and students get the opportunity to deepen their knowledge, conduct new research in the field of natural sciences, to obtain new data to be used for further studies as well as for the development of products of higher added value. Favourable conditions are created for pursuing and developing higher level scientific research, for the implementation of joint and interdisciplinary projects, for enhancing cooperation between business and public institutions as well as between those of studies and science. The implementation of the above mentioned tasks leads to the enhanced competitiveness of Lithuanian scientists and researchers and to dissemination of the high quality scientific knowledge for a society. Tens of students from different universities and researchers from other institutions are using the OAC facilities. "Pan-European coordination action on CO2 Geological Storage (CGS Europe)"; "GEO-SEAS"; "EMODNET"; "Securing the Conservation of biodiversity across Administrative Levels and spatial, temporal, and Ecological Scales (SCALES)"; "Decline Of Fraxinus excelsior in northern Europe" and other projects are being carried out at the OAC so far. This is a contribution to the Open Access Centre activities

Residence time, chemical and isotopic analysis of nitrate in the groundwater and surface water of a small agricultural watershed in the Coastal Plain, Bucks Branch, Sussex County, Delaware

USGS Publications Warehouse

Clune, John W.; Denver, Judith M.

2012-01-01

Nitrate is a common contaminant in groundwater and surface water throughout the Nation, and water-resource managers need more detailed small-scale watershed research to guide conservation efforts aimed at improving water quality. Concentrations of nitrate in Bucks Branch are among the highest in the state of Delaware and a scientific investigation was performed to provide water-quality information to assist with the management of agriculture and water resources. A combination of major-ion chemistry, nitrogen isotopic composition and age-dating techniques was used to estimate the residence time and provide a chemical and isotopic analysis of nitrate in the groundwater in the surficial aquifer of the Bucks Branch watershed in Sussex County, Delaware. The land use was more than 90 percent agricultural and most nitrogen inputs were from manure and fertilizer. The apparent median age of sampled groundwater is 18 years and the estimated residence time of groundwater contributing to the streamflow for the entire Bucks Branch watershed at the outlet is approximately 19 years. Concentrations of nitrate exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard of 10 milligrams per liter (as nitrogen) in 60 percent of groundwater samples and 42 percent of surface-water samples. The overall geochemistry in the Bucks Branch watershed indicates that agriculture is the predominant source of nitrate contamination and the observed patterns in major-ion chemistry are similar to those observed in other studies on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. The pattern of enrichment in nitrogen and oxygen isotopes (δ15N and δ18O) of nitrate in groundwater and surface water indicates there is some loss of nitrate through denitrification, but this process is not sufficient to remove all of the nitrate from groundwater discharging to streams, and concentrations of nitrate in streams remain elevated.

Modern software approaches applied to a Hydrological model: the GEOtop Open-Source Software Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cozzini, Stefano; Endrizzi, Stefano; Cordano, Emanuele; Bertoldi, Giacomo; Dall'Amico, Matteo

2017-04-01

The GEOtop hydrological scientific package is an integrated hydrological model that simulates the heat and water budgets at and below the soil surface. It describes the three-dimensional water flow in the soil and the energy exchange with the atmosphere, considering the radiative and turbulent fluxes. Furthermore, it reproduces the highly non-linear interactions between the water and energy balance during soil freezing and thawing, and simulates the temporal evolution of snow cover, soil temperature and moisture. The core components of the package were presented in the 2.0 version (Endrizzi et al, 2014), which was released as Free Software Open-source project. However, despite the high scientific quality of the project, a modern software engineering approach was still missing. Such weakness hindered its scientific potential and its use both as a standalone package and, more importantly, in an integrate way with other hydrological software tools. In this contribution we present our recent software re-engineering efforts to create a robust and stable scientific software package open to the hydrological community, easily usable by researchers and experts, and interoperable with other packages. The activity takes as a starting point the 2.0 version, scientifically tested and published. This version, together with several test cases based on recent published or available GEOtop applications (Cordano and Rigon, 2013, WRR, Kollet et al, 2016, WRR) provides the baseline code and a certain number of referenced results as benchmark. Comparison and scientific validation can then be performed for each software re-engineering activity performed on the package. To keep track of any single change the package is published on its own github repository geotopmodel.github.io/geotop/ under GPL v3.0 license. A Continuous Integration mechanism by means of Travis-CI has been enabled on the github repository on master and main development branches. The usage of CMake configuration tool and the suite of tests (easily manageable by means of ctest tools) greatly reduces the burden of the installation and allows us to enhance portability on different compilers and Operating system platforms. The package was also complemented by several software tools which provide web-based visualization of results based on R plugins, in particular "shiny" (Chang at al, 2016), "geotopbricks" and "geotopOptim2" (Cordano et al, 2016) packages, which allow rapid and efficient scientific validation of new examples and tests. The software re-engineering activities are still under development. However, our first results are promising enough to eventually reach a robust and stable software project that manages in a flexible way a complex state-of-the-art hydrological model like GEOtop and integrates it into wider workflows.

76 FR 32355 - Notice of Funds Availability (NOFA) Inviting Applications for the Biorefinery Assistance Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-06

..., Energy Branch, Attention: BioRefinery Assistance Program, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., STOP 3225... to USDA's Rural Development National Office: Energy Branch, Attention: BioRefinery Assistance Program...

Diketopyrrolopyrrole-based Conjugated Polymers Bearing Branched Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) Side Chains for Photovoltaic Devices.

PubMed

Chen, Xingxing; Zhang, Zijian; Ding, Zicheng; Liu, Jun; Wang, Lixiang

2016-08-22

Conjugated polymers are essential for solution-processable organic opto-electronic devices. In contrast to the great efforts on developing new conjugated polymer backbones, research on developing side chains is rare. Herein, we report branched oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) as side chains of conjugated polymers. Compared with typical alkyl side chains, branched OEG side chains endowed the resulting conjugated polymers with a smaller π-π stacking distance, higher hole mobility, smaller optical band gap, higher dielectric constant, and larger surface energy. Moreover, the conjugated polymers with branched OEG side chains exhibited outstanding photovoltaic performance in polymer solar cells. A power conversion efficiency of 5.37 % with near-infrared photoresponse was demonstrated and the device performance could be insensitive to the active layer thickness. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Scaling of flow distance in random self-similar channel networks

USGS Publications Warehouse

Troutman, B.M.

2005-01-01

Natural river channel networks have been shown in empirical studies to exhibit power-law scaling behavior characteristic of self-similar and self-affine structures. Of particular interest is to describe how the distribution of distance to the outlet changes as a function of network size. In this paper, networks are modeled as random self-similar rooted tree graphs and scaling of distance to the root is studied using methods in stochastic branching theory. In particular, the asymptotic expectation of the width function (number of nodes as a function of distance to the outlet) is derived under conditions on the replacement generators. It is demonstrated further that the branching number describing rate of growth of node distance to the outlet is identical to the length ratio under a Horton-Strahler ordering scheme as order gets large, again under certain restrictions on the generators. These results are discussed in relation to drainage basin allometry and an application to an actual drainage network is presented. ?? World Scientific Publishing Company.

Robust Hadley Circulation Changes and Increasing Global Dryness Due to CO2 Warming from CMIP-5 Model Projections

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lau, William K. M.; Kim, K. M.

2015-01-01

In this paper, we investigate changes in the Hadley Circulation (HC) and their connections to increased global dryness under CO2 warming from CMIP-5 model projections. We find a strengthening of the ascending branch of the HC manifested in a deep-tropics squeeze (DTS), i.e., a deepening and narrowing of the convective zone, increased high clouds, and a rise of the level of maximum meridional mass outflow in the upper troposphere (200-100 hectopascals) of the deep tropics. The DTS induces atmospheric moisture divergence, reduces tropospheric relative humidity in the tropics and subtropics, in conjunction with a widening of the subsiding branches of the HC, resulting in increased frequency of dry events in preferred geographic locations worldwide. Among water cycle parameters examined, global dryness has the highest signal-to-noise ratio. Our results provide scientific bases for inferring that the observed tend of prolonged droughts in recent decades is likely attributable to greenhouse warming.

Underwater and hyperbaric medicine as a branch of occupational and environmental medicine.

PubMed

Lee, Young Il; Ye, Byeong Jin

2013-12-19

Exposure to the underwater environment for occupational or recreational purposes is increasing. As estimated, there are around 7 million divers active worldwide and 300,000 more divers in Korea. The underwater and hyperbaric environment presents a number of risks to the diver. Injuries from these hazards include barotrauma, decompression sickness, toxic effects of hyperbaric gases, drowning, hypothermia, and dangerous marine animals. For these reasons, primary care physicians should understand diving related injuries and assessment of fitness to dive. However, most Korean physicians are unfamiliar with underwater and hyperbaric medicine (UHM) in spite of scientific and practical values.From occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) specialist's perspective, we believe that UHM should be a branch of OEM because OEM is an area of medicine that deals with injuries caused by physical and biological hazards, clinical toxicology, occupational diseases, and assessment of fitness to work. To extend our knowledge about UHM, this article will review and update on UHM including barotrauma, decompression illness, toxicity of diving gases and fitness for diving.