Fostering Student Awareness in Observatory STEM Careers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keonaonaokalauae Acohido, Alexis Ann; Michaud, Peter D.; Gemini Public Information and Outreach Staff

2016-01-01

It takes more than scientists to run an observatory. Like most observatories, only about 20% of Gemini Observatory's staff is PhD. Scientists, but 100% of those scientists would not be able to do their jobs without the help of engineers, administrators, and other support staff that make things run smoothly. Gemini's Career Brochure was first published in 2014 to show that there are many different career paths available (especially in local host communities) at an astronomical observatory. Along with the printed career brochure, there are supplementary videos available on Gemini's website and Youtube pages that provide a more detailed and personal glimpse into the day-in-the-life of a wide assortment of Gemini employees. A weakness in most observatory's outreach programming point to the notion that students (and teachers) feel there is a disconnect between academics and where students would like to end up in their career future. This project is one of the ways Gemini addresses these concerns. During my 6-month internship at Gemini, I have updated the Career Brochure website conducted more in-depth interviews with Gemini staff to include as inserts with the brochure, and expanded the array of featured careers. The goal of my work is to provide readers with detailed and individualized employee career paths to show; 1) that there are many ways to establish a career in the STEM fields, and 2), that the STEM fields are vastly diverse.

GLIMPSE: a rapid decision framework for energy and environmental policy.

PubMed

Akhtar, Farhan H; Pinder, Robert W; Loughlin, Daniel H; Henze, Daven K

2013-01-01

Over the coming decades, new energy production technologies and the policies that oversee them will affect human health, the vitality of our ecosystems, and the stability of the global climate. The GLIMPSE decision model framework provides insights about the implications of technology and policy decisions on these outcomes. Using GLIMPSE, decision makers can identify alternative techno-policy futures, examining their air quality, health, and short- and long-term climate impacts. Ultimately, GLIMPSE will support the identification of cost-effective strategies for simultaneously achieving performance goals for these metrics. Here, we demonstrate the utility of GLIMPSE by analyzing several future energy scenarios under existing air quality regulations and potential CO2 emission reduction policies. We find opportunities for substantial cobenefits in setting both climate change mitigation and health-benefit based air quality improvement targets. Though current policies which prioritize public health protection increase near-term warming, establishing policies that also reduce greenhouse gas emissions may offset warming in the near-term and lead to significant reductions in long-term warming.

Asynchronous glimpsing of speech: Spread of masking and task set-size

PubMed Central

Ozmeral, Erol J.; Buss, Emily; Hall, Joseph W.

2012-01-01

Howard-Jones and Rosen [(1993). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93, 2915–2922] investigated the ability to integrate glimpses of speech that are separated in time and frequency using a “checkerboard” masker, with asynchronous amplitude modulation (AM) across frequency. Asynchronous glimpsing was demonstrated only for spectrally wide frequency bands. It is possible that the reduced evidence of spectro-temporal integration with narrower bands was due to spread of masking at the periphery. The present study tested this hypothesis with a dichotic condition, in which the even- and odd-numbered bands of the target speech and asynchronous AM masker were presented to opposite ears, minimizing the deleterious effects of masking spread. For closed-set consonant recognition, thresholds were 5.1–8.5 dB better for dichotic than for monotic asynchronous AM conditions. Results were similar for closed-set word recognition, but for open-set word recognition the benefit of dichotic presentation was more modest and level dependent, consistent with the effects of spread of masking being level dependent. There was greater evidence of asynchronous glimpsing in the open-set than closed-set tasks. Presenting stimuli dichotically supported asynchronous glimpsing with narrower frequency bands than previously shown, though the magnitude of glimpsing was reduced for narrower bandwidths even in some dichotic conditions. PMID:22894234

How to See a Recently Discovered Supernova

ScienceCinema

Nugent, Peter

2017-12-12

Berkeley Lab scientist Peter Nugent discusses a recently discovered supernova that is closer to Earth — approximately 21 million light-years away — than any other of its kind in a generation. Astronomers believe they caught the supernova within hours of its explosion, a rare feat made possible with a specialized survey telescope and state-of-the-art computational tools. The finding of such a supernova so early and so close has energized the astronomical community as they are scrambling to observe it with as many telescopes as possible, including the Hubble Space Telescope. More info on how to see it: http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2011/08/31/glimpse-cosmic-explosion/ News release: http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2011/08/25/supernova/

How to See a Recently Discovered Supernova

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nugent, Peter

2011-08-31

Berkeley Lab scientist Peter Nugent discusses a recently discovered supernova that is closer to Earth — approximately 21 million light-years away — than any other of its kind in a generation. Astronomers believe they caught the supernova within hours of its explosion, a rare feat made possible with a specialized survey telescope and state-of-the-art computational tools. The finding of such a supernova so early and so close has energized the astronomical community as they are scrambling to observe it with as many telescopes as possible, including the Hubble Space Telescope. More info on how to see it: http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2011/08/31/glimpse-cosmic-explosion/ News release:more » http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2011/08/25/supernova/« less

Attachment Anxiety is Linked to Alterations in Cortisol Production and Cellular Immunity

PubMed Central

Jaremka, Lisa M.; Glaser, Ronald; Loving, Timothy J.; Malarkey, William B.; Stowell, Jeffrey R.; Kiecolt-Glaser, Janice K.

2013-01-01

Although evidence suggests that attachment anxiety may increase risk for health problems, the mechanisms are not well understood. Married couples (N = 85, Mage = 38.67) provided saliva samples over three days and blood samples on two occasions. Participants with higher attachment anxiety produced more cortisol and had fewer numbers of CD3+ T-cells, CD45+ T-cells, CD3+CD4+ helper T-cells, and CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells than those with lower attachment anxiety. Higher cortisol was also related to fewer numbers of CD3+, CD45+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+, which is mechanistically consistent with research showing that cortisol alters the cellular immune response. These data suggest that attachment anxiety may have physiological costs and provide a glimpse into the pathways through which social relationships impact health. The current study also extends attachment theory in an important new direction by utilizing a psychoneuroimmunological approach to the study of attachment anxiety, stress, and health. PMID:23307944

Improving Weak Lensing Mass Map Reconstructions using Gaussian and Sparsity Priors: Application to DES SV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeffrey, N.; Abdalla, F. B.; Lahav, O.; Lanusse, F.; Starck, J.-L.; Leonard, A.; Kirk, D.; Chang, C.; Baxter, E.; Kacprzak, T.; Seitz, S.; Vikram, V.; Whiteway, L.; Abbott, T. M. C.; Allam, S.; Avila, S.; Bertin, E.; Brooks, D.; Rosell, A. Carnero; Kind, M. Carrasco; Carretero, J.; Castander, F. J.; Crocce, M.; Cunha, C. E.; D'Andrea, C. B.; da Costa, L. N.; Davis, C.; De Vicente, J.; Desai, S.; Doel, P.; Eifler, T. F.; Evrard, A. E.; Flaugher, B.; Fosalba, P.; Frieman, J.; García-Bellido, J.; Gerdes, D. W.; Gruen, D.; Gruendl, R. A.; Gschwend, J.; Gutierrez, G.; Hartley, W. G.; Honscheid, K.; Hoyle, B.; James, D. J.; Jarvis, M.; Kuehn, K.; Lima, M.; Lin, H.; March, M.; Melchior, P.; Menanteau, F.; Miquel, R.; Plazas, A. A.; Reil, K.; Roodman, A.; Sanchez, E.; Scarpine, V.; Schubnell, M.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Smith, M.; Soares-Santos, M.; Sobreira, F.; Suchyta, E.; Swanson, M. E. C.; Tarle, G.; Thomas, D.; Walker, A. R.

2018-05-01

Mapping the underlying density field, including non-visible dark matter, using weak gravitational lensing measurements is now a standard tool in cosmology. Due to its importance to the science results of current and upcoming surveys, the quality of the convergence reconstruction methods should be well understood. We compare three methods: Kaiser-Squires (KS), Wiener filter, and GLIMPSE. KS is a direct inversion, not accounting for survey masks or noise. The Wiener filter is well-motivated for Gaussian density fields in a Bayesian framework. GLIMPSE uses sparsity, aiming to reconstruct non-linearities in the density field. We compare these methods with several tests using public Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data and realistic DES simulations. The Wiener filter and GLIMPSE offer substantial improvements over smoothed KS with a range of metrics. Both the Wiener filter and GLIMPSE convergence reconstructions show a 12% improvement in Pearson correlation with the underlying truth from simulations. To compare the mapping methods' abilities to find mass peaks, we measure the difference between peak counts from simulated ΛCDM shear catalogues and catalogues with no mass fluctuations (a standard data vector when inferring cosmology from peak statistics); the maximum signal-to-noise of these peak statistics is increased by a factor of 3.5 for the Wiener filter and 9 for GLIMPSE. With simulations we measure the reconstruction of the harmonic phases; the phase residuals' concentration is improved 17% by GLIMPSE and 18% by the Wiener filter. The correlation between reconstructions from data and foreground redMaPPer clusters is increased 18% by the Wiener filter and 32% by GLIMPSE.

Integrating Explicit Learning about the Culture of Science into the Pre-Service Teacher Curriculum through Readings and Reflections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egger, A. E.

2014-12-01

Teachers provide foundational science experiences that spark interest in some students to pursue science and serve as an endpoint for others. For both groups, getting a glimpse into the culture of science is important to their futures as citizens, but this glimpse is not something all teachers are equipped to offer. Explicit instruction in the culture of science is generally not part of college-level science courses; to reach future teachers, it should be incorporated into the curriculum for pre-service teachers. I have incorporated readings from Visionlearning's peer-reviewed, freely available, web-based Process of Science series (http://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Process-of-Science/49) into my class for pre-service middle-level and secondary science teachers. The readings describe the development of the culture and process of science using deeply embedded examples of scientists and their work. Students reflected on each reading by describing what they learned and something they will use in their future teaching. Responses were graded for thoughtfulness and completeness and later compiled. In general, students with more science courses had a better initial understanding of the culture of science and found the readings engaging stories that explained in more depth what they already knew. However, all students reported learning some fundamental aspects of the culture and nature of science. Most commonly, they learned scientific language, often words with both colloquial and scientific definitions: theory, hypothesis, law, uncertainty, error, confidence. Other learning gains were reported in defining the difference between scientific controversy and social controversy over science, interactions between historical events and the scientific enterprise, how much scientists work in groups and interact at meetings, and the role that funding plays in guiding research. On their own, students struggled to describe explicit ways to incorporate these concepts into their teaching, though many felt it was very important to do so. In follow-up discussions and activities, we developed strategies to promote bringing the culture of science explicitly into the middle-level and secondary science classroom. The readings gave them ideas and are a resource they and their students can continue to access.

GLIMPSE: An integrated assessment model-based tool for ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Dan Loughlin will describe the GCAM-USA integrated assessment model and how that model is being improved and integrated into the GLIMPSE decision support system. He will also demonstrate the application of the model to evaluate the emissions and health implications of hypothetical state-level renewable electricity standards. Introduce the GLIMPSE project to state and regional environmental modelers and analysts. Presented as part of the State Energy and Air Quality Group Webinar Series, which is organized by NESCAUM.

Integration of GCAM-USA into GLIMPSE: Update and ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The purpose of this presentation is to (i) discuss changes made to the GCAM-USA model to more fully support long-term, coordinated environmental-climate-energy planning within the U.S., and (ii) demonstrate the graphical user interface that has been constructed to construct modeling scenarios, execute GCAM-USA, and visualize and compare model outputs. GLIMPSE is intended to provide insights into linkages and synergies among the goals of air quality management, climate change mitigation, and long-range energy planning. We have expanded GLIMPSE to also incorporate the open-source Global Change Assessment Model-USA (GCAM-USA), which has state-level representation of the U.S. energy system. With GCAM-USA, GLIMPSE can consider more aspects of the economy, linkages to the water and climate systems, and interactions with other regions of the world. A user-friendly graphical interface allows the system to be applied by analysts to explore a range of policies, such emission taxes or caps, efficiency standards, and renewable portfolio standards. We expect GLIMPSE to be used within research and planning activities, both within the EPA and beyond.

Glimpse: Sparsity based weak lensing mass-mapping tool

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanusse, F.; Starck, J.-L.; Leonard, A.; Pires, S.

2018-02-01

Glimpse, also known as Glimpse2D, is a weak lensing mass-mapping tool that relies on a robust sparsity-based regularization scheme to recover high resolution convergence from either gravitational shear alone or from a combination of shear and flexion. Including flexion allows the supplementation of the shear on small scales in order to increase the sensitivity to substructures and the overall resolution of the convergence map. To preserve all available small scale information, Glimpse avoids any binning of the irregularly sampled input shear and flexion fields and treats the mass-mapping problem as a general ill-posed inverse problem, regularized using a multi-scale wavelet sparsity prior. The resulting algorithm incorporates redshift, reduced shear, and reduced flexion measurements for individual galaxies and is made highly efficient by the use of fast Fourier estimators.

In search of cellular control: signal transduction in context

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ingber, D.

1998-01-01

The field of molecular cell biology has experienced enormous advances over the last century by reducing the complexity of living cells into simpler molecular components and binding interactions that are amenable to rigorous biochemical analysis. However, as our tools become more powerful, there is a tendency to define mechanisms by what we can measure. The field is currently dominated by efforts to identify the key molecules and sequences that mediate the function of critical receptors, signal transducers, and molecular switches. Unfortunately, these conventional experimental approaches ignore the importance of supramolecular control mechanisms that play a critical role in cellular regulation. Thus, the significance of individual molecular constituents cannot be fully understood when studied in isolation because their function may vary depending on their context within the structural complexity of the living cell. These higher-order regulatory mechanisms are based on the cell's use of a form of solid-state biochemistry in which molecular components that mediate biochemical processing and signal transduction are immobilized on insoluble cytoskeletal scaffolds in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Key to the understanding of this form of cellular regulation is the realization that chemistry is structure and hence, recognition of the the importance of architecture and mechanics for signal integration and biochemical control. Recent work that has unified chemical and mechanical signaling pathways provides a glimpse of how this form of higher-order cellular control may function and where paths may lie in the future.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kobulnicky, Henry A.; Alexander, Michael J.; Babler, Brian L.

We characterize the completeness of point source lists from Spitzer Space Telescope surveys in the four Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) bandpasses, emphasizing the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) programs (GLIMPSE I, II, 3D, 360; Deep GLIMPSE) and their resulting point source Catalogs and Archives. The analysis separately addresses effects of incompleteness resulting from high diffuse background emission and incompleteness resulting from point source confusion (i.e., crowding). An artificial star addition and extraction analysis demonstrates that completeness is strongly dependent on local background brightness and structure, with high-surface-brightness regions suffering up to five magnitudes of reduced sensitivity to pointmore » sources. This effect is most pronounced at the IRAC 5.8 and 8.0 {mu}m bands where UV-excited polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission produces bright, complex structures (photodissociation regions). With regard to diffuse background effects, we provide the completeness as a function of stellar magnitude and diffuse background level in graphical and tabular formats. These data are suitable for estimating completeness in the low-source-density limit in any of the four IRAC bands in GLIMPSE Catalogs and Archives and some other Spitzer IRAC programs that employ similar observational strategies and are processed by the GLIMPSE pipeline. By performing the same analysis on smoothed images we show that the point source incompleteness is primarily a consequence of structure in the diffuse background emission rather than photon noise. With regard to source confusion in the high-source-density regions of the Galactic Plane, we provide figures illustrating the 90% completeness levels as a function of point source density at each band. We caution that completeness of the GLIMPSE 360/Deep GLIMPSE Catalogs is suppressed relative to the corresponding Archives as a consequence of rejecting stars that lie in the point-spread function wings of saturated sources. This effect is minor in regions of low saturated star density, such as toward the Outer Galaxy; this effect is significant along sightlines having a high density of saturated sources, especially for Deep GLIMPSE and other programs observing closer to the Galactic center using 12 s or longer exposure times.« less

Nanotechnology applications in medicine and dentistry.

PubMed

Gupta, Jyoti

2011-05-01

Nanotechnology, or nanoscience, refers to the research and development of an applied science at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular levels (i.e. molecular engineering, manufacturing). The prefix "nano" is defined as a unit of measurement in which the characteristic dimension is one billionth of a unit. Although the nanoscale is small in size, its potential is vast. As nanotechnology expands in other fields, clinicians, scientists, and manufacturers are working to discover the uses and advances in biomedical sciences. Applications of nanotechnology in medical and dental fields have only approached the horizon with opportunities and possibilities for the future that can only be limited by our imagination. This paper provides an early glimpse of nanotechnology applications in medicine and dentistry to illustrate their potentially far-reaching impacts on clinical practice. It also narrates the safety issues concerning nanotechnology applications. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Use of a glimpsing model to understand the performance of listeners with and without hearing loss in spatialized speech mixtures

PubMed Central

Best, Virginia; Mason, Christine R.; Swaminathan, Jayaganesh; Roverud, Elin; Kidd, Gerald

2017-01-01

In many situations, listeners with sensorineural hearing loss demonstrate reduced spatial release from masking compared to listeners with normal hearing. This deficit is particularly evident in the “symmetric masker” paradigm in which competing talkers are located to either side of a central target talker. However, there is some evidence that reduced target audibility (rather than a spatial deficit per se) under conditions of spatial separation may contribute to the observed deficit. In this study a simple “glimpsing” model (applied separately to each ear) was used to isolate the target information that is potentially available in binaural speech mixtures. Intelligibility of these glimpsed stimuli was then measured directly. Differences between normally hearing and hearing-impaired listeners observed in the natural binaural condition persisted for the glimpsed condition, despite the fact that the task no longer required segregation or spatial processing. This result is consistent with the idea that the performance of listeners with hearing loss in the spatialized mixture was limited by their ability to identify the target speech based on sparse glimpses, possibly as a result of some of those glimpses being inaudible. PMID:28147587

Hubble Space Telescope/Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer Observations of the GLIMPSE9 Stellar Cluster

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Messineo, Maria; Figer, Donald F.; Davies, Ben; Kudritzki, R. P.; Rich, R. Michael; MacKenty, John; Trombley, Christine

2010-01-01

We present Hubble Space Telescope/Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer photometry, and low-resolution K-band spectra of the GLIMPSE9 stellar cluster. The newly obtained color-magnitude diagram shows a cluster sequence with H - KS = ~1 mag, indicating an interstellar extinction A _K_s = 1.6 ± 0.2 mag. The spectra of the three brightest stars show deep CO band heads, which indicate red supergiants with spectral type M1-M2. Two 09-B2 supergiants are also identified, which yield a spectrophotometric distance of 4.2 ± 0.4 kpc. Presuming that the population is coeval, we derive an age between 15 and 27 Myr, and a total cluster mass of 1600 ± 400 M sun, integrated down to 1 M sun. In the vicinity of GLIMPSE9 are several H II regions and supernova remnants, all of which (including GLIMPSE9) are probably associated with a giant molecular cloud (GMC) in the inner galaxy. GLIMPSE9 probably represents one episode of massive star formation in this GMC. We have identified several other candidate stellar clusters of the same complex.

Improving Weak Lensing Mass Map Reconstructions using Gaussian and Sparsity Priors: Application to DES SV

DOE PAGES

Jeffrey, N.; Abdalla, F. B.; Lahav, O.; ...

2018-05-15

Mapping the underlying density field, including non-visible dark matter, using weak gravitational lensing measurements is now a standard tool in cosmology. Due to its importance to the science results of current and upcoming surveys, the quality of the convergence reconstruction methods should be well understood. We compare three different mass map reconstruction methods: Kaiser-Squires (KS), Wiener filter, and GLIMPSE. KS is a direct inversion method, taking no account of survey masks or noise. The Wiener filter is well motivated for Gaussian density fields in a Bayesian framework. The GLIMPSE method uses sparsity, with the aim of reconstructing non-linearities in themore » density field. We compare these methods with a series of tests on the public Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data and on realistic DES simulations. The Wiener filter and GLIMPSE methods offer substantial improvement on the standard smoothed KS with a range of metrics. For both the Wiener filter and GLIMPSE convergence reconstructions we present a 12% improvement in Pearson correlation with the underlying truth from simulations. To compare the mapping methods' abilities to find mass peaks, we measure the difference between peak counts from simulated {\\Lambda}CDM shear catalogues and catalogues with no mass fluctuations. This is a standard data vector when inferring cosmology from peak statistics. The maximum signal-to-noise value of these peak statistic data vectors was increased by a factor of 3.5 for the Wiener filter and by a factor of 9 using GLIMPSE. With simulations we measure the reconstruction of the harmonic phases, showing that the concentration of the phase residuals is improved 17% by GLIMPSE and 18% by the Wiener filter. We show that the correlation between the reconstructions from data and the foreground redMaPPer clusters is increased 18% by the Wiener filter and 32% by GLIMPSE. [Abridged]« less

Improving Weak Lensing Mass Map Reconstructions using Gaussian and Sparsity Priors: Application to DES SV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jeffrey, N.; et al.

2018-01-26

Mapping the underlying density field, including non-visible dark matter, using weak gravitational lensing measurements is now a standard tool in cosmology. Due to its importance to the science results of current and upcoming surveys, the quality of the convergence reconstruction methods should be well understood. We compare three different mass map reconstruction methods: Kaiser-Squires (KS), Wiener filter, and GLIMPSE. KS is a direct inversion method, taking no account of survey masks or noise. The Wiener filter is well motivated for Gaussian density fields in a Bayesian framework. The GLIMPSE method uses sparsity, with the aim of reconstructing non-linearities in themore » density field. We compare these methods with a series of tests on the public Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data and on realistic DES simulations. The Wiener filter and GLIMPSE methods offer substantial improvement on the standard smoothed KS with a range of metrics. For both the Wiener filter and GLIMPSE convergence reconstructions we present a 12% improvement in Pearson correlation with the underlying truth from simulations. To compare the mapping methods' abilities to find mass peaks, we measure the difference between peak counts from simulated {\\Lambda}CDM shear catalogues and catalogues with no mass fluctuations. This is a standard data vector when inferring cosmology from peak statistics. The maximum signal-to-noise value of these peak statistic data vectors was increased by a factor of 3.5 for the Wiener filter and by a factor of 9 using GLIMPSE. With simulations we measure the reconstruction of the harmonic phases, showing that the concentration of the phase residuals is improved 17% by GLIMPSE and 18% by the Wiener filter. We show that the correlation between the reconstructions from data and the foreground redMaPPer clusters is increased 18% by the Wiener filter and 32% by GLIMPSE. [Abridged]« less

Improving Weak Lensing Mass Map Reconstructions using Gaussian and Sparsity Priors: Application to DES SV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jeffrey, N.; Abdalla, F. B.; Lahav, O.

Mapping the underlying density field, including non-visible dark matter, using weak gravitational lensing measurements is now a standard tool in cosmology. Due to its importance to the science results of current and upcoming surveys, the quality of the convergence reconstruction methods should be well understood. We compare three different mass map reconstruction methods: Kaiser-Squires (KS), Wiener filter, and GLIMPSE. KS is a direct inversion method, taking no account of survey masks or noise. The Wiener filter is well motivated for Gaussian density fields in a Bayesian framework. The GLIMPSE method uses sparsity, with the aim of reconstructing non-linearities in themore » density field. We compare these methods with a series of tests on the public Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data and on realistic DES simulations. The Wiener filter and GLIMPSE methods offer substantial improvement on the standard smoothed KS with a range of metrics. For both the Wiener filter and GLIMPSE convergence reconstructions we present a 12% improvement in Pearson correlation with the underlying truth from simulations. To compare the mapping methods' abilities to find mass peaks, we measure the difference between peak counts from simulated {\\Lambda}CDM shear catalogues and catalogues with no mass fluctuations. This is a standard data vector when inferring cosmology from peak statistics. The maximum signal-to-noise value of these peak statistic data vectors was increased by a factor of 3.5 for the Wiener filter and by a factor of 9 using GLIMPSE. With simulations we measure the reconstruction of the harmonic phases, showing that the concentration of the phase residuals is improved 17% by GLIMPSE and 18% by the Wiener filter. We show that the correlation between the reconstructions from data and the foreground redMaPPer clusters is increased 18% by the Wiener filter and 32% by GLIMPSE. [Abridged]« less

GLIMPSE – A computational framework for supporting state-level environmental and energy planning

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

GLIMPSE is an EPA modeling tool for environmental and energy planning used to find U.S. policy scenarios that simultaneously improve air quality, human health, reduce impacts to ecosystems, and mitigate climate change.

Introduction: History of SH2 Domains and Their Applications.

PubMed

Liu, Bernard A; Machida, Kazuya

2017-01-01

The Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain is the prototypical protein interaction module that lies at the heart of phosphotyrosine signaling. Since its serendipitous discovery, there has been a tremendous advancement in technologies and an array of techniques available for studying SH2 domains and phosphotyrosine signaling. In this chapter, we provide a glimpse of the history of SH2 domains and describe many of the tools and techniques that have been developed along the way and discuss future directions for SH2 domain studies. We highlight the gist of each chapter in this volume in the context of: the structural biology and phosphotyrosine binding; characterizing SH2 specificity and generating prediction models; systems biology and proteomics; SH2 domains in signal transduction; and SH2 domains in disease, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Many of the individual chapters provide an in-depth approach that will allow scientists to interrogate the function and role of SH2 domains.

Understanding immunology: fun at an intersection of the physical, life, and clinical sciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chakraborty, Arup K.

2014-10-01

Understanding how the immune system works is a grand challenge in science with myriad direct implications for improving human health. The immune system protects us from infectious pathogens and cancer, and maintains a harmonious steady state with essential microbiota in our gut. Vaccination, the medical procedure that has saved more lives than any other, involves manipulating the immune system. Unfortunately, the immune system can also go awry to cause autoimmune diseases. Immune responses are the product of stochastic collective dynamic processes involving many interacting components. These processes span multiple scales of length and time. Thus, statistical mechanics has much to contribute to immunology, and the oeuvre of biological physics will be further enriched if the number of physical scientists interested in immunology continues to increase. I describe how I got interested in immunology and provide a glimpse of my experiences working on immunology using approaches from statistical mechanics and collaborating closely with immunologists.

Perspectives in Super-resolved Fluorescence Microscopy: What comes next?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cremer, Christoph; Birk, Udo

2016-04-01

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 has been awarded to three scientists involved in the development of STED and PALM super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRM) methods. They have proven that it is possible to overcome the hundred year old theoretical limit for the resolution potential of light microscopy (of about 200 nm for visible light), which for decades has precluded a direct glimpse of the molecular machinery of life. None of the present-day super-resolution techniques have invalidated the Abbe limit for light optical detection; however, they have found clever ways around it. In this report, we discuss some of the challenges still to be resolved before arising SRM approaches will be fit to bring about the revolution in Biology and Medicine envisaged. Some of the challenges discussed are the applicability to image live and/or large samples, the further enhancement of resolution, future developments of labels, and multi-spectral approaches.

Special Lecture in Memory of Glenn Theodore Seaborg (19 April 1912 - 25 February 1999) Glenn T. Seaborg's Multi-faceted Career

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Hoffman, Darleane C.

2001-11-01

Glenn Theodore Seaborg (1912-1999) was a world-renowned nuclear chemist, a Nobel Laureate in chemistry in 1951, co-discoverer of plutonium and nine other transuranium elements, Chairman of the US Atomic Energy Commission from 1961-71, scientific advisor to ten US presidents, active in national and international professional societies, an advocate for nuclear power as well as for a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty, a prolific writer, an avid hiker, environmentalist, and sports enthusiast. He was known and esteemed not only by chemists and other scientists throughout the world, but also by lay people, politicians, statesmen, and students of all ages. This memorial includes a brief glimpse of Glenn Seaborg's early life and education, describes some of his major contributions to nuclear science over his long and fruitful career, and highlights his profound influence on nuclear science, both in the US and in the international community.

Eclipse Across America: Through the Eyes of NASA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Young, C. Alex; Heliophysics Education Consortium

2018-01-01

Monday, August 21, 2017, marked the first total solar eclipse to cross the continental United States coast-to-coast in almost a century. NASA scientists and educators, working alongside many partners, were spread across the entire country, both inside and outside the path of totality. Like many other organizations, NASA prepared for this eclipse for several years. The August 21 eclipse was NASA's biggest media event in recent history, and was made possible by the work of thousands of volunteers, collaborators and NASA employees. The agency supported science, outreach, and media communications activities along the path of totality and across the country. This culminated in a 3 ½-hour broadcast from Charleston, SC, showcasing the sights and sounds of the eclipse – starting with the view from a plane off the coast of Oregon and ending with images from the International Space Station as the Moon's inner shadow left the US East Coast. Along the way, NASA shared experiments and research from different groups of scientists, including 11 NASA-supported studies, 50+ high-altitude balloon launches, and 12 NASA and partner space-based assets. This talk shares the timeline of this momentous event from NASA's perspective, describing outreach successes and providing a glimpse at some of the science results available and yet to come.

GLIMPSE: a rapid decision framework for energy and environmental policy

EPA Science Inventory

Over the coming decades, new energy production technologies and the policies that oversee them will affect human health, the vitality of our ecosystems, and the stability of the global climate. The GLIMPSE decision model framework provides insights about the implications of techn...

Exometabolomics and MSI: deconstructing how cells interact to transform their small molecule environment.

PubMed

Silva, Leslie P; Northen, Trent R

2015-08-01

Metabolism is at the heart of many biotechnologies from biofuels to medical diagnostics. Metabolomic methods that provide glimpses into cellular metabolism have rapidly developed into a critical component of the biotechnological development process. Most metabolomics methods have focused on what is happening inside the cell. Equally important are the biochemical transformations of the cell, and their effect on other cells and their environment; the exometabolome. Exometabolomics is therefore gaining popularity as a robust approach for obtaining rich phenotypic data, and being used in bioprocessing and biofuel development. Mass spectrometry imaging approaches, including several nanotechnologies, provide complimentary information by localizing metabolic processes within complex biological matrices. Together, the two technologies can provide new insights into the metabolism and interactions of cells. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Catch a Glimpse of Me: The development of staff videos to promote person-centered care.

PubMed

Gendron, Tracey L; King Seymour, Lindsay; Welleford, E Ayn

2016-09-01

Catch a Glimpse of Me is an ongoing project that uses video to help staff deliver more person-centered care for people with dementia living in long-term care. Focus groups consisting of residents, family and staff members were conducted to develop a template for the development of the videos. The five themes they identified as being important to include are: family; interests and hobbies; memories and moments; life space and getting personal. The article describes the process of developing the videos and discusses the ongoing potential of the Catch a Glimpse of Me project. © The Author(s) 2015.

The Roles for Prior Visual Experience and Age on the Extraction of Egocentric Distance.

PubMed

Wallin, Courtney P; Gajewski, Daniel A; Teplitz, Rebeca W; Mihelic Jaidzeka, Sandra; Philbeck, John W

2017-01-01

In a well-lit room, observers can generate well-constrained estimates of the distance to an object on the floor even with just a fleeting glimpse. Performance under these conditions is typically characterized by some underestimation but improves when observers have previewed the room. Such evidence suggests that information extracted from longer durations may be stored to contribute to the perception of distance at limited time frames. Here, we examined the possibility that this stored information is used differentially across age. Specifically, we posited that older adults would rely more than younger adults on information gathered and stored at longer glimpses to judge the distance of briefly glimpsed objects. We collected distance judgments from younger and older adults after brief target glimpses. Half of the participants were provided 20-s previews of the testing room in advance; the other half received no preview. Performance benefits were observed for all individuals with prior visual experience, and these were moderately more pronounced for the older adults. The results suggest that observers store contextual information gained from longer viewing durations to aid in the perception of distance at brief glimpses, and that this memory becomes more important with age. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper | UW-Madison Astronomy

Science.gov Websites

Department of Astronomy Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Overview Description About WHAM Fabry-Perot Spectroscopy National Science Foundation Astronomy and... 02.20.2012 | Continue Reading » WHAM featured at Natural Astronomy Galactic Structure GALFA GLIMPSE GLIMPSE360 WHAM Extragalactic Astronomy & Cosmology Local

GLIMPSE: An integrated assessment model-based tool for coordinated energy and environmental planning

EPA Science Inventory

Dan Loughlin will describe the GCAM-USA integrated assessment model and how that model is being improved and integrated into the GLIMPSE decision support system. He will also demonstrate the application of the model to evaluate the emissions and health implications of hypothetica...

Speech recognition against harmonic and inharmonic complexes: Spectral dips and periodicity

PubMed Central

Deroche, Mickael L. D.; Culling, John F.; Chatterjee, Monita; Limb, Charles J.

2014-01-01

Speech recognition in a complex masker usually benefits from masker harmonicity, but there are several factors at work. The present study focused on two of them, glimpsing spectrally in between masker partials and periodicity within individual frequency channels. Using both a theoretical and an experimental approach, it is demonstrated that when inharmonic complexes are generated by jittering partials from their harmonic positions, there are better opportunities for spectral glimpsing in inharmonic than in harmonic maskers, and this difference is enhanced as fundamental frequency (F0) increases. As a result, measurements of masking level difference between the two maskers can be reduced, particularly at higher F0s. Using inharmonic maskers that offer similar glimpsing opportunity to harmonic maskers, it was found that the masking level difference between the two maskers varied little with F0, was influenced by periodicity of the first four partials, and could occur in low-, mid-, or high-frequency regions. Overall, the present results suggested that both spectral glimpsing and periodicity contribute to speech recognition under masking by harmonic complexes, and these effects seem independent from one another. PMID:24815268

NCI Scientists Awarded National Medal of Technology and Innovation by President Obama | Poster

Cancer.gov

Two NCI scientists received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the nation’s highest honor for technological achievement. The award was announced by President Obama in October. The honorees, John Schiller, Ph.D., Laboratory of Cellular Oncology (LCO), Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and Douglas Lowy, M.D., also from LCO and NCI deputy director, received their

Frogs as integrative models for understanding digestive organ development and evolution

PubMed Central

Womble, Mandy; Pickett, Melissa; Nascone-Yoder, Nanette

2016-01-01

The digestive system comprises numerous cells, tissues and organs that are essential for the proper assimilation of nutrients and energy. Many aspects of digestive organ function are highly conserved among vertebrates, yet the final anatomical configuration of the gut varies widely between species, especially those with different diets. Improved understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events that orchestrate digestive organ development is pertinent to many areas of biology and medicine, including the regeneration or replacement of diseased organs, the etiology of digestive organ birth defects, and the evolution of specialized features of digestive anatomy. In this review, we highlight specific examples of how investigations using Xenopus laevis frog embryos have revealed insight into the molecular and cellular dynamics of digestive organ patterning and morphogenesis that would have been difficult to obtain in other animal models. Additionally, we discuss recent studies of gut development in non-model frog species with unique feeding strategies, such as Lepidobatrachus laev is and Eleutherodactylouscoqui, which are beginning to provide glimpses of the evolutionary mechanisms that may generate morphological variation in the digestive tract. The unparalleled experimental versatility of frog embryos make them excellent, integrative models for studying digestive organ development across multiple disciplines. PMID:26851628

Towards a Quantum Game of Life

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flitney, Adrian P.; Abbott, Derek

Cellular automata provide a means of obtaining complex behaviour from a simple array of cells and a deterministic transition function. They supply a method of computation that dispenses with the need for manipulation of individual cells and they are computationally universal. Classical cellular automata have proved of great interest to computer scientists but the construction of quantum cellular automata pose particular difficulties. We present a version of John Conway's famous two-dimensional classical cellular automata Life that has some quantum-like features, including interference effects. Some basic structures in the new automata are given and comparisons are made with Conway's game.

Determining Mass-Loss Rates of Evolved Stars in the Galactic Bulge from Infrared Surveys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riley, Allyssa; Sargent, Benjamin A.; Srinivasan, Sundar; Meixner, Margaret; Kastner, Joel H.

2018-06-01

To investigate the relationship between mass loss from evolved stars and host galaxy metallicity, we are computing the dust mass loss budget due to red supergiant (RSG) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the Galactic Bulge and comparing this result to that previously obtained for the Magellanic Clouds. We construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for our candidate RSG and AGB stars using observations from various infrared surveys, including the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE). Because Robitaille et al (2008, AJ, 136, 2413) have already identified Intrinsically Red Objects from the GLIMPSE I and II surveys, we use their method as a starting point and expand the study by using the GLIMPSE 3D survey. Because AGB stars can be variable, we also match the GLIMPSE I, II, and 3D sources to other surveys, such as DEEP GLIMPSE, WISE, VVV, and DENIS, in order to characterize the variability across the spectral energy distribution (SED) of each source. This allows us to determine the source’s average SED over multiple epochs. We use extinction curves derived from Spitzer studies of extinction in the Galaxy to determine the extinction corrections for our sample. To establish mass-loss rates of evolved stars in the Bulge, we use the Grid of Red supergiant and Asymptotic giant branch ModelS (GRAMS) of dust-enshrouded evolved stars (2011, A&A, 532, A54; 2011, ApJ, 728, 93). This allows us to determine the total mass return to the Bulge from these stars. This work has been supported by NASA ADAP grant 80NSSC17K0057.

Hidden Milky Way star clusters hosting Wolf-Rayet stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurtev, R.; Borissova, J.; Ivanov, V. D.; Georgiev, L.

2009-05-01

A noticeable fraction of the hidden young star clusters contain WR and O stars providing us with unique laboratories to study the evolution of these rare objects and their maternity places. We are reporting the reddening, the distance and age of two new members of the family of massive young Galactic clusters, hosting WR stars - Glimpse 23 and Glimpse 30.

“Our vanishing glaciers”: One hundred years of glacier retreat in Three Sisters Area, Oregon Cascade Range

USGS Publications Warehouse

O'Connor, James E.

2014-01-01

In August 1910, thirty-nine members of the Mazamas Mountaineering Club ascended the peaks of the Three Sisters in central Oregon. While climbing, geologist Ira A. Williams photographed the surrounding scenery, including images of Collier Glacier. One hundred years later, U.S. Geological Survey research hydrologist Jim E. O’Connor matched those documented photographs with present day images — the result of which is a stunning lapse of glacial change in the Three Sister region. O’Connor asserts that “glaciers exist by the grace of climate,” and through a close examination of the history of the region’s glaciers, he provides an intriguing glimpse into the history of geological surveys and glacial studies in the Pacific Northwest, including their connection to significant scientific advances of the nineteenth century. The work of scientists and mountaineers who have monitored and recorded glacier changes for over a century allows us to see dramatic changes in a landscape that is especially sensitive to ongoing climate change.

The Evolution of the Lower Missouri River: National Mapping Discipline Research at Lisbon Bottom

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2002-01-01

Before 1800, the Missouri River was one of North America's most diverse and dynamic ecosystems. During the past 200 years, civil engineering has transformed it into a navigation system regulated by reservoirs and confined by bank stabilization and flood control structures. These modifications have reduced seasonal flow variability and sediment load and have disconnected the river from backwater, off-channel, and floodplain habitats. Flooding along the Lower Missouri River in 1993 and again in 1996 created a side-channel chute across Lisbon Bottom, a well-formed loop bottom near Glasgow, Mo. The formation and subsequent development of the chute have provided USGS scientists with a glimpse of a preregulated Missouri River. Knowledge of geologic characteristics and processes in an alluvial setting like Lisbon Bottom provides a scientific basis for floodplain management. This knowledge is also vital to a complete understanding of riverine habitat disturbance, recovery, and rehabilitation. A critical component of this knowledge is an understanding of the spatial and temporal relationships between riverine habitats and geomorphic processes.

CCR scientists gain new understanding of cellular mechanisms during infection | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

A new study published August 10, 2017, in Molecular Cell reveals how changes in the architecture of the nucleus can enable B lymphocytes to spring to action during an immune system attack and help fight infection. The discovery could lead scientists to a better understanding of how some tumor cells, especially blood cancer cells, make similar transitions from a dormant to an

When All the School Became a Stage: Young Children Enacting a Community's Fear and Sense of Loss

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fritz, Elzette; Henning, Elizabeth; Swart, Estelle

2008-01-01

This article gives an ethnographic glimpse of how an urban South African school mirrored a community's sense-making during times of rapid social change. The glimpse is extracted largely from an ethnography that was composed in 2000. In this study of school life, the biennial play was central to the year's activities. In the play the tone, content…

Defining the Human Deubiquitinating Enzyme Interaction Landscape

PubMed Central

Sowa, Mathew E.; Bennett, Eric J.; Gygi, Steven P.; Harper, J. Wade

2009-01-01

Summary Deubiquitinating enzymes (Dubs) function to remove covalently attached ubiquitin from proteins, thereby controlling substrate activity and/or abundance. For most Dubs, their functions, targets, and regulation are poorly understood. To systematically investigate Dub function, we initiated a global proteomic analysis of Dubs and their associated protein complexes. This was accomplished through the development of a software platform, called CompPASS, which uses unbiased metrics to assign confidence measurements to interactions from parallel non-reciprocal proteomic datasets. We identified 774 candidate interacting proteins associated with 75 Dubs. Using Gene Ontology, interactome topology classification, sub-cellular localization and functional studies, we link Dubs to diverse processes, including protein turnover, transcription, RNA processing, DNA damage, and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. This work provides the first glimpse into the Dub interaction landscape, places previously unstudied Dubs within putative biological pathways, and identifies previously unknown interactions and protein complexes involved in this increasingly important arm of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PMID:19615732

NCI Scientists Awarded National Medal of Technology and Innovation by President Obama | Poster

Cancer.gov

Two NCI scientists received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the nation’s highest honor for technological achievement. The award was announced by President Obama in October. The honorees, John Schiller, Ph.D., Laboratory of Cellular Oncology (LCO), Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and Douglas Lowy, M.D., also from LCO and NCI deputy director, received their medals at a White House ceremony on Nov. 20.

CCR scientists gain new understanding of cellular mechanisms during infection | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

A new study published August 10, 2017, in Molecular Cell reveals how changes in the architecture of the nucleus can enable B lymphocytes to spring to action during an immune system attack and help fight infection. The discovery could lead scientists to a better understanding of how some tumor cells, especially blood cancer cells, make similar transitions from a dormant to an active state. Read more. . .

A computational framework for supporting environmental ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

GLIMPSE is a effort in which the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development is developing tools to support long-term, coordinated environmental, climate, and energy planning. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the underlying science questions; provide an overview of current and future GLIMPSE capabilities; introduce GCAM, the computational engine behind GLIMPSE; and, highlight relevant activities in China, including the ABaCAS framework and GCAM-China. A group of Chinese visitors will be on the EPA RTP campus July 28, 9-noon. The visitors are from the PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation (weblink is here: http://www.ecidi.com/en/introduction.aspx) and are in US for a training program at Duke. The group is interested in broad management topics such as international business development and managing environmental projects as well as interacting with practitioners to understand “real world” case studies and issues. Their background is primarily related to hydro power but their corporate mission is “Providing engineering services and promoting harmonious development between Man and Nature,” implying a broad interest in the environment. Several researchers with projects with connections to China have been asked to provide an overview of their research to the visitors. I will be talking about the GLIMPSE air-climate-energy decision support project.

Cell physiology of plants growing in cold environments.

PubMed

Lütz, Cornelius

2010-08-01

The life of plants growing in cold extreme environments has been well investigated in terms of morphological, anatomical, and ecophysiological adaptations. In contrast, long-term cellular or metabolic studies have been performed by only a few groups. Moreover, a number of single reports exist, which often represent just a glimpse of plant behavior. The review draws together the literature which has focused on tissue and cellular adaptations mainly to low temperatures and high light. Most studies have been done with European alpine plants; comparably well studied are only two phanerogams found in the coastal Antarctic. Plant adaptation in northern polar regions has always been of interest in terms of ecophysiology and plant propagation, but nowadays, this interest extends to the effects of global warming. More recently, metabolic and cellular investigations have included cold and UV resistance mechanisms. Low-temperature stress resistance in plants from cold environments reflects the climate conditions at the growth sites. It is now a matter of molecular analyses to find the induced genes and their products such as chaperones or dehydrins responsible for this resistance. Development of plants under snow or pollen tube growth at 0 degrees C shows that cell biology is needed to explain the stability and function of the cytoskeleton. Many results in this field are based on laboratory studies, but several publications show that it is not difficult to study cellular mechanisms with the plants adapted to a natural stress. Studies on high light and UV loads may be split in two parts. Many reports describe natural UV as harmful for the plants, but these studies were mainly conducted by shielding off natural UV (as controls). Other experiments apply additional UV in the field and have had practically no negative impact on metabolism. The latter group is supported by the observations that green overwintering plants increase their flavonoids under snow even in the absence of UV. Thus, their defense and antioxidant role dominates. Ultrastructural comparisons were unable to find special light adaptations in plants taken from polar regions vs. high alpine species. The only adaptation found at the subcellular level for most alpine and polar plants are protrusions of the chloroplast envelopes. They are seen as a demand for fast membrane transport requiring additional membrane surface area, whereby the increase in stroma volume may help to support carbohydrate formation. Plants forming such protrusions have to cope with a short vegetation time. These observations are connected to the question as to how photosynthesis works quite well even at or under zero temperatures. The interplay between plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, known as photorespiration, seems to be more intense than in lowland plants. This organelle cooperation serves as a valve for a surplus in solar energy input under cold conditions. Additional metabolic acclimations are under investigation, such as the role of an alternative plastid terminal oxidase. Plants from cold environments may also be seen as ideal objects for studying the combined effects of high light plus cold resistance-from the molecular level to the whole plant adaptation. Modern instrumentation makes it possible to perform vital metabolic measurements under outdoor conditions, and research stations in remote polar and alpine areas provide support for scientists in the preparation of samples for later cellular studies in the home laboratory.

Using Cellular Proteins to Reveal Mechanisms of HIV Infection | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

A vital step in HIV infection is the insertion of viral DNA into the genome of the host cell. In order for the insertion to occur, viral nucleic acid must be transported through the membrane that separates the main cellular compartment (the cytoplasm) from the nucleus, where the host DNA is located. Scientists are actively studying the mechanism used to transport viral DNA

Advances in the cellular and molecular biology of angiogenesis.

PubMed

Egginton, Stuart; Bicknell, Roy

2011-12-01

Capillaries have been recognized for over a century as one of the most important components in regulating tissue oxygen transport, and their formation or angiogenesis a pivotal element of tissue remodelling during development and adaptation. Clinical interest stems from observations that both excessive and inadequate vascular growth plays a major role in human diseases, and novel developments in treatments for cancer and eye disease increasingly rely on anti-angiogenic therapies. Although the discovery of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) provided the first clue for specificity of signalling in endothelial cell activation, understanding the integrative response that drives angiogenesis requires a much broader perspective. The Advances in the Cellular and Molecular Biology of Angiogenesis meeting brought together researchers at the forefront of this rapidly moving field to provide an update on current understanding, and the most recent insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms of vascular growth. The plenary lecture highlighted the integrative nature of the angiogenic process, whereas invited contributions from basic and clinician scientists described fundamental mechanisms and disease-associated issues of blood vessel formation, grouped under a number of themes to aid discussion. These articles will appeal to academic, clinical and pharmaceutical scientists interested in the molecular and cellular basis of angiogenesis, their modulation or dysfunction in human diseases, and application of these findings towards translational medicine.

Frogs as integrative models for understanding digestive organ development and evolution.

PubMed

Womble, Mandy; Pickett, Melissa; Nascone-Yoder, Nanette

2016-03-01

The digestive system comprises numerous cells, tissues and organs that are essential for the proper assimilation of nutrients and energy. Many aspects of digestive organ function are highly conserved among vertebrates, yet the final anatomical configuration of the gut varies widely between species, especially those with different diets. Improved understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events that orchestrate digestive organ development is pertinent to many areas of biology and medicine, including the regeneration or replacement of diseased organs, the etiology of digestive organ birth defects, and the evolution of specialized features of digestive anatomy. In this review, we highlight specific examples of how investigations using Xenopus laevis frog embryos have revealed insight into the molecular and cellular dynamics of digestive organ patterning and morphogenesis that would have been difficult to obtain in other animal models. Additionally, we discuss recent studies of gut development in non-model frog species with unique feeding strategies, such as Lepidobatrachus laevis and Eleutherodactylous coqui, which are beginning to provide glimpses of the evolutionary mechanisms that may generate morphological variation in the digestive tract. The unparalleled experimental versatility of frog embryos make them excellent, integrative models for studying digestive organ development across multiple disciplines. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A systems biology approach to study systemic inflammation.

PubMed

Chen, Bor-Sen; Wu, Chia-Chou

2014-01-01

Systemic inflammation needs a precise control on the sequence and magnitude of occurring events. The high throughput data on the host-pathogen interactions gives us an opportunity to have a glimpse on the systemic inflammation. In this article, a dynamic Candida albicans-zebrafish interactive infectious network is built as an example to demonstrate how systems biology approach can be used to study systematic inflammation. In particular, based on microarray data of C. albicans and zebrafish during infection, the hyphal growth, zebrafish, and host-pathogen intercellular PPI networks were combined to form an integrated infectious PPI network that helps us understand the systematic mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of C. albicans and the immune response of the host. The signaling pathways for morphogenesis and hyphal growth of C. albicans were 2 significant interactions found in the intercellular PPI network. Two cellular networks were also developed corresponding to the different infection stages (adhesion and invasion), and then compared with each other to identify proteins to gain more insight into the pathogenic role of hyphal development in the C. albicans infection process. Important defense-related proteins in zebrafish were predicted using the same approach. This integrated network consisting of intercellular invasion and cellular defense processes during infection can improve medical therapies and facilitate development of new antifungal drugs.

Modulation of proteostasis counteracts oxidative stress and affects DNA base excision repair capacity in ATM-deficient cells

PubMed Central

Yang, Di; Fletcher, Sally C.; Vendrell, Iolanda; Fischer, Roman; Legrand, Arnaud J.

2017-01-01

Abstract Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a syndrome associated with loss of ATM protein function. Neurodegeneration and cancer predisposition, both hallmarks of A-T, are likely to emerge as a consequence of the persistent oxidative stress and DNA damage observed in this disease. Surprisingly however, despite these severe features, a lack of functional ATM is still compatible with early life, suggesting that adaptation mechanisms contributing to cell survival must be in place. Here we address this gap in our knowledge by analysing the process of human fibroblast adaptation to the lack of ATM. We identify profound rearrangement in cellular proteostasis occurring very early on after loss of ATM in order to counter protein damage originating from oxidative stress. Change in proteostasis, however, is not without repercussions. Modulating protein turnover in ATM-depleted cells also has an adverse effect on the DNA base excision repair pathway, the major DNA repair system that deals with oxidative DNA damage. As a consequence, the burden of unrepaired endogenous DNA lesions intensifies, progressively leading to genomic instability. Our study provides a glimpse at the cellular consequences of loss of ATM and highlights a previously overlooked role for proteostasis in maintaining cell survival in the absence of ATM function. PMID:28973444

The effects of inquiry-based summer enrichment activities on rising eighth graders' knowledge of science processes, attitude toward science, and perceptions of scientists

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moore, Juanita Martin

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of summer science enrichment on eighth-graders' science process skills knowledge, attitude toward science and perceptions of scientists. A single group pre- and post-test design was used to test participants in a summer science enrichment camp, which took place over a three-week period in the summer of 2000. Participants, all of whom were residents of the Mississippi area known as the Delta, lived on the campus of Mississippi Valley State University for the entire course of the camp. Activities included several guided inquiry-based projects such as water rocket design and solar or battery-powered car design. Participants also took trips to an environmental camp in north Mississippi and to the Stennis Space Center on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Participants worked on their projects in groups, supervised by an undergraduate student "mentor". Participants were encouraged to keep journals of their experiences throughout the camp, and the researcher developed a rubric to evaluate student journals for process knowledge, evidence of planning, reflective thought, and disposition toward science. Tests were used to evaluate student knowledge of process skills, attitude toward science, and perceptions of scientists. On the Test of Integrated Process Skills (Dillashaw & Okey, 1983), the students showed significant improvement overall, but when evaluated separately, males showed significant improvement while females did not. On the Attitude toward Science in School Assessment (Germane, 1988), data indicated that attitude toward science improved significantly for the group as a whole, but upon closer inspection, indicated a significant improvement for the female students only. On Chamber's Draw-a-Scientist Test (1983), analysis of student drawings indicated no significant change in stereotypical images of scientists for the group overall. However, boys' scores indicated a significant improvement when analyzed separately. Journal analysis revealed a need for instruction in their use, but provided an interesting glimpse into students' thoughts. The researcher concluded that summer enrichment camps have potential m terms of helping students improve their science knowledge and their thinking about science. Further research on summer opportunities, inquiry-based instruction, work with mentors, and use of journals is suggested by this work.

Aesops Guide to Space Acquisition: Glimpses of Past and Future

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

Defense AT&L: March–April 2015 6 Aesop’s Guide to Space Acquisition Glimpses of Past and Future John Krieger n William “Lance” Krieger n Rick...U.S.C.) § 2273—Policy regarding assured access to space : national security payloads, establishes the requirement for the President to ensure our...access to space . (a) Policy—It is the policy of the United States for the President to undertake actions appropriate to ensure, to the maximum

CLUSTER GLIMPSES WITH RAVEN: AO-CORRECTED NEAR AND MID-INFRARED IMAGES OF GLIMPSE C01 AND GLIMPSE C02

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davidge, T. J.; Andersen, D. R.; Lardière, O., E-mail: tim.davidge@nrc.ca, E-mail: david.andersen@nrc.ca, E-mail: lardiere@uvic.ca

We discuss images of the star clusters GLIMPSE C01 (GC01) and GLIMPSE C02 (GC02) that were recorded with the Subaru IRCS. Distortions in the wavefront were corrected with the RAVEN adaptive optics (AO) science demonstrator, allowing individual stars in the central regions of both clusters—where the fractional contamination from non-cluster objects is lowest—to be imaged. In addition to J , H , and K ′ images, both clusters were observed through a narrow-band filter centered near 3.05 μ m; GC01 was also observed through two other narrow-band filters that sample longer wavelengths. Stars in the narrow-band images have an FWHMmore » that is close to the telescope diffraction limit, demonstrating that open-loop AO systems like RAVEN can deliver exceptional image quality. The near-infrared color–magnitude diagram of GC01 is smeared by non-uniform extinction with a 1 σ dispersion Δ A{sub K}  = ±0.13 mag. Spatial variations in A{sub K} are not related in a systematic way to location in the field. The Red Clump is identified in the K luminosity function (LF) of GC01, and a distance modulus of 13.6 is found. The K LF of GC01 is consistent with a system that is dominated by stars with an age >1 Gyr. As for GC02, the K LF is flat for K  > 16, and the absence of a sub-giant branch argues against an old age if the cluster is at a distance of ∼7 kpc. Archival SPITZER [3.6] and [4.5] images of the clusters are also examined, and the red giant branch-tip is identified. It is demonstrated in the Appendix that the [3.6] surface brightness profiles of both clusters can be traced out to radii of at least 100 arcsec.« less

Rooted in physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wade, Jess

2018-04-01

Roots are fundamental to a plant’s survival, but some of their behaviour at a cellular level remains a mystery to scientists. Jess Wade talks to Giovanni Sena, who is particularly interested in how electric fields can affect root growth and regeneration

Protein-pigments and the photosystem II reaction center: a glimpse into the history of research and reminiscences.

PubMed

Satoh, Kimiyuki

2008-01-01

This article provides a glimpse into the dawning of research on chlorophyll-protein complexes and a brief recollection of the path that led us to the identification of the photosystem II reaction center, i.e., the polypeptides that carry the site of primary charge separation in oxygenic photosynthesis. A preliminary version of the personal review on the latter topic has already appeared in this journal (Satoh Photosynth Res 76:233-240, 2003).

The ARPA-E Innovation Model: A Glimpse into the Future of Automotive Battery Technology

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gur, Ilan

2014-03-07

The Department of Energy's Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) focuses on funding game-changing R&D aimed at reducing U.S. foreign energy dependence and emissions. ARPA-E has made a strong commitment to support breakthrough energy storage technologies that can accelerate the mass adoption of electrified vehicles. This presentation will highlight the range of ARPA-E's efforts in this area, offering a glimpse into the ARPA-E innovation model and the future of automotive battery technology.

The ARPA-E Innovation Model: A Glimpse into the Future of Automotive Battery Technology

ScienceCinema

Gur, Ilan (Program Director and Senior Advisor, ARPA-E)

2018-02-02

The Department of Energy's Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) focuses on funding game-changing R&D aimed at reducing U.S. foreign energy dependence and emissions. ARPA-E has made a strong commitment to support breakthrough energy storage technologies that can accelerate the mass adoption of electrified vehicles. This presentation will highlight the range of ARPA-E's efforts in this area, offering a glimpse into the ARPA-E innovation model and the future of automotive battery technology.

Origin and development of forensic medicine in Egypt.

PubMed

Kharoshah, Magdy Abdel Azim; Zaki, Mamdouh Kamal; Galeb, Sherien Salah; Moulana, Ashraf Abdel Reheem; Elsebaay, Elsebaay Ahmed

2011-01-01

Egyptians are one of the first civilisations to practice the removal and examination of internal organs of humans. Their practices ranged from embalming to faith healing to surgery and autopsy. Modern radiological studies, together with various forensic techniques, allowed scientists unique glimpses of the state of health in Egypt 4000 years ago and discovered one of the earliest applications of autopsy, the main element of forensic medicine practice today. The Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority handles a relatively large number of cases annually and depends on different assisting laboratories (forensic histopathology, microbiology, serology unit, DNA laboratory, forensic chemistry laboratory) as well as the Counterfeiting and Forgery unit. Crime scene investigations are performed mainly through the criminal laboratory related to the Ministry of Interior. Forensic Medicine is studied thoroughly in the faculty of medicine (undergraduates), as well as by forensic medical examiners at postgraduate level (diploma, master's and doctorate). This review recommends more scientific cooperation with universities in the field of forensic medicine and related sciences to solve various crimes with meticulous detail. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

Stories and photographs of William A. Arnold (1904-2001), a pioneer of photosynthesis and a wonderful friend.

PubMed

Choules, Lucinda; Govindjee

2014-10-01

William A. Arnold discovered many phenomena in photosynthesis. In 1932, together with Robert Emerson, he provided the first experimental data that led to the concept of a large antenna and a few reaction centers (photosynthetic unit); in 1935, he obtained the minimum quantum requirement of 8-10 for the evolution of one O2 molecule; in 1951, together with Bernard L. Strehler, he discovered delayed fluorescence (also known as delayed light emission) in photosynthetic systems; and in 1956, together with Helen Sherwood, he discovered thermoluminescence in plants. He is also known for providing a solid-state picture of photosynthesis. Much has been written about him and his research, including many articles in a special issue of Photosynthesis Research (Govindjee et al. (eds.) 1996); and a biography of Arnold, by Govindjee and Srivastava (William Archibald Arnold (1904-2001), 2014), in the Biographical Memoirs of the US National Academy of Sciences, (Washington, DC). Our article here offers a glimpse into the everyday life, through stories and photographs, of this remarkable scientist.

Sisyphus in Neverland

PubMed Central

Ferrer, Isidro

2017-01-01

The study of life and living organisms and the way in which these interact and organize to form social communities have been central to my career. I have been fascinated by biology, neurology, and neuropathology, but also by history, sociology, and art. Certain current historical, political, and social events, some occurring proximally but others affecting people in apparently distant places, have had an impact on me. Epicurus, Seneca, and Camus shared their philosophical positions which I learned from. Many scientists from various disciplines have been exciting sources of knowledge as well. I have created a world of hypothesis and experiments but I have also got carried away by serendipity following unexpected observations. It has not been an easy path; errors and wanderings are not uncommon, and opponents close to home much more abundant than one might imagine. Ambition, imagination, resilience, and endurance have been useful in moving ahead in response to setbacks. In the end, I have enjoyed my dedication to science and I am grateful to have glimpsed beauty in it. These are brief memories of a Spanish neuropathologist born and raised in Barcelona, EU. PMID:29154280

Cells in Spaceflight: Past, Present and Future

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1999-01-01

The center for advanced studies in the Space Life Sciences provides a forum for scientist to think and discuss, often for the first time, the role that gravity and aspects of spaceflight may play in fundamental cellular and physiologic processes.

Protective mechanism against cancer found in progeria patient cells

Cancer.gov

NCI scientists have studied cells of patients with an extremely rare genetic disease that is characterized by drastic premature aging and discovered a new protective cellular mechanism against cancer. They found that cells from patients with Hutchinson Gi

National Medal of Technology Awarded to NCI Drs. Lowy and Schiller

Cancer.gov

President Obama announced that two NCI scientists would be recipients of the National Medal of Technology and Innovation -- the nation's highest honor for technological achievement. The honorees, John Schiller, Ph.D., Laboratory of Cellular Oncology (LCO)

Trends in tissue repair and regeneration.

PubMed

Galliot, Brigitte; Crescenzi, Marco; Jacinto, Antonio; Tajbakhsh, Shahragim

2017-02-01

The 6th EMBO conference on the Molecular and Cellular Basis of Regeneration and Tissue Repair took place in Paestum (Italy) on the 17th-21st September, 2016. The 160 scientists who attended discussed the importance of cellular and tissue plasticity, biophysical aspects of regeneration, the diverse roles of injury-induced immune responses, strategies to reactivate regeneration in mammals, links between regeneration and ageing, and the impact of non-mammalian models on regenerative medicine. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Modulation of proteostasis counteracts oxidative stress and affects DNA base excision repair capacity in ATM-deficient cells.

PubMed

Poletto, Mattia; Yang, Di; Fletcher, Sally C; Vendrell, Iolanda; Fischer, Roman; Legrand, Arnaud J; Dianov, Grigory L

2017-09-29

Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a syndrome associated with loss of ATM protein function. Neurodegeneration and cancer predisposition, both hallmarks of A-T, are likely to emerge as a consequence of the persistent oxidative stress and DNA damage observed in this disease. Surprisingly however, despite these severe features, a lack of functional ATM is still compatible with early life, suggesting that adaptation mechanisms contributing to cell survival must be in place. Here we address this gap in our knowledge by analysing the process of human fibroblast adaptation to the lack of ATM. We identify profound rearrangement in cellular proteostasis occurring very early on after loss of ATM in order to counter protein damage originating from oxidative stress. Change in proteostasis, however, is not without repercussions. Modulating protein turnover in ATM-depleted cells also has an adverse effect on the DNA base excision repair pathway, the major DNA repair system that deals with oxidative DNA damage. As a consequence, the burden of unrepaired endogenous DNA lesions intensifies, progressively leading to genomic instability. Our study provides a glimpse at the cellular consequences of loss of ATM and highlights a previously overlooked role for proteostasis in maintaining cell survival in the absence of ATM function. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

International scientific cooperation during the 1930s. Bruno Rossi and the development of the status of cosmic rays into a branch of physics.

PubMed

Bonolis, Luisa

2014-07-01

During the 1920s and 1930s, Italian physicists established strong relationships with scientists from other European countries and the United States. The career of Bruno Rossi, a leading personality in the study of cosmic rays and an Italian pioneer of this field of research, provides a prominent example of this kind of international cooperation. Physics underwent major changes during these turbulent years, and the traditional internationalism of physics assumed a more institutionalized character. Against this backdrop, Rossi's early work was crucial in transforming the study of cosmic rays into a branch of modern physics. His friendly relationships with eminent scientists--notably Enrico Fermi, Walther Bothe, Werner Heisenberg, Hans Bethe, and Homi Bhabha--were instrumental both for the exchange of knowledge about experimental practices and theoretical discussions, and for attracting the attention of physicists such as Arthur Compton, Louis Leprince-Ringuet, Pierre Auger and Patrick Blackett to the problem of cosmic rays. Relying on material from different archives in Europe and the United States, this case study aims to provide a glimpse of the intersection between national and international dimensions during the 1930s, at a time when the study of cosmic rays was still very much in its infancy, strongly interlaced with nuclear physics, and full of uncertain, contradictory, and puzzling results. Nevertheless, as a source of high-energy particles it became a proving ground for testing the validity of the laws of quantum electrodynamics, and made a fundamental contribution to the origins of particle physics.

The Holistic Processing Account of Visual Expertise in Medical Image Perception: A Review

PubMed Central

Sheridan, Heather; Reingold, Eyal M.

2017-01-01

In the field of medical image perception, the holistic processing perspective contends that experts can rapidly extract global information about the image, which can be used to guide their subsequent search of the image (Swensson, 1980; Nodine and Kundel, 1987; Kundel et al., 2007). In this review, we discuss the empirical evidence supporting three different predictions that can be derived from the holistic processing perspective: Expertise in medical image perception is domain-specific, experts use parafoveal and/or peripheral vision to process large regions of the image in parallel, and experts benefit from a rapid initial glimpse of an image. In addition, we discuss a pivotal recent study (Litchfield and Donovan, 2016) that seems to contradict the assumption that experts benefit from a rapid initial glimpse of the image. To reconcile this finding with the existing literature, we suggest that global processing may serve multiple functions that extend beyond the initial glimpse of the image. Finally, we discuss future research directions, and we highlight the connections between the holistic processing account and similar theoretical perspectives and findings from other domains of visual expertise. PMID:29033865

The Holistic Processing Account of Visual Expertise in Medical Image Perception: A Review.

PubMed

Sheridan, Heather; Reingold, Eyal M

2017-01-01

In the field of medical image perception, the holistic processing perspective contends that experts can rapidly extract global information about the image, which can be used to guide their subsequent search of the image (Swensson, 1980; Nodine and Kundel, 1987; Kundel et al., 2007). In this review, we discuss the empirical evidence supporting three different predictions that can be derived from the holistic processing perspective: Expertise in medical image perception is domain-specific, experts use parafoveal and/or peripheral vision to process large regions of the image in parallel, and experts benefit from a rapid initial glimpse of an image. In addition, we discuss a pivotal recent study (Litchfield and Donovan, 2016) that seems to contradict the assumption that experts benefit from a rapid initial glimpse of the image. To reconcile this finding with the existing literature, we suggest that global processing may serve multiple functions that extend beyond the initial glimpse of the image. Finally, we discuss future research directions, and we highlight the connections between the holistic processing account and similar theoretical perspectives and findings from other domains of visual expertise.

WMAP - A Glimpse of the Early Universe

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wollack, Edward

2009-01-01

The early Universe was incredibly hot, dense, and homogeneous. A powerful probe of this time is provided by the relic radiation which we refer to today as the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Images produced from this light contain the earliest glimpse of the Universe after the "Big Bang" and the signature of the evolution of its contents. By exploiting these clues, precise constraints on the age, mass density, and geometry of the early Universe can be derived. The history of this intriguing cosmological detective story will be reviewed. Recent results from NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) will be presented.

Mechanical properties of porous and cellular materials

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sieradzki, K.; Green, D.J.; Gibson, L.J.

1991-01-01

This symposium successfully brought scientists together from a wide variety of disciplines to focus on the mechanical behavior of porous and cellular solids composed of metals, ceramics, polymers, or biological materials. For cellular materials, papers ranged from processing techniques through microstructure-mechanical property relationships to design. In an overview talk, Mike Ashby (Cambridge Univ.) showed how porous cellular materials can be more efficient than dense materials in designs that require minimum weight. He indicated that many biological materials have been able to accomplish such efficiency but there exists an opportunity to design even more efficient, manmade materials controlling microstructures at differentmore » scale levels. In the area of processing, James Aubert (Sandia National Laboratories) discussed techiques for manipulating polymersolvent phase equilibria to control the microstructure of microcellular foams. Other papers on processing discussed the production of cellular ceramics by CVD, HIPing and sol- gel techniques. Papers on the mechanical behavior of cellular materials considered various ceramics microcellular polymers, conventional polymer foams and apples. There were also contributions that considered optimum design procedures for cellular materials. Steven Cowin (City Univ. of New York) discussed procedures to match the discrete microstructural aspects of cellular materials with the continuum mechanics approach to their elastic behavior.« less

Connecting Undergraduate Plant Cell Biology Students with the Scientists about Whom They Learn: A Bibliography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wayne, Randy; Staves, Mark P.

1998-01-01

Details the teaching of an undergraduate plant-cell biology class in the manner proposed by Jean Baptiste Carnoy when he established the first institute of cellular biology. Integrates mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, and ecology. Contains 226 references. (DDR)

The mid-infrared environments of 6.7 GHz methanol masers from the Methanol Multi-Beam Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gallaway, M.; Thompson, M. A.; Lucas, P. W.; Fuller, G. A.; Caswell, J. L.; Green, J. A.; Voronkov, M. A.; Breen, S. L.; Quinn, L.; Ellingsen, S. P.; Avison, A.; Ward-Thompson, D.; Cox, J.

2013-04-01

We present a study of the mid-infrared environments and association with star formation tracers of 6.7 GHz methanol masers taken from the Methanol Multi-Beam (MMB) survey. Our ultimate goal is to establish the mass of the host star and its evolutionary stage for each maser site. As a first step, the GLIMPSE survey of the Galactic plane is utilized to investigate the environment of 776 methanol masers and we find that while the majority of the masers are associated with mid-infrared counterparts, a significant fraction (17 per cent) are not associated with any detectable mid-infrared emission. A number of the maser counterparts are clearly extended with respect to the GLIMPSE point spread function and we implement an adaptive non-circular aperture photometry (ANCAP) technique to determine the fluxes of the maser counterparts. The ANCAP technique doubles the number of masers with flux information at all four wavelengths compared to the number of the corresponding counterparts obtained from the GLIMPSE Point Source Catalog. The colours of the maser counterparts are found to be very similar to the smaller study carried out by Ellingsen. The MMB masers are weakly associated with extended green objects and Red MSX Survey embedded sources (YSO and H II region classifications) with 18 and 12 per cent of masers associated with these objects, respectively. The majority of MMB masers (60 per cent) have detectable GLIMPSE infrared counterparts but have not been identified with previously recognized tracers of massive star formation; this confirms that the MMB survey has the potential to identify massive star-forming regions independent of infrared selection.

GLIMPSE: Google Glass interface for sensory feedback in myoelectric hand prostheses.

PubMed

Markovic, Marko; Karnal, Hemanth; Graimann, Bernhard; Farina, Dario; Dosen, Strahinja

2017-06-01

Providing sensory feedback to the user of the prosthesis is an important challenge. The common approach is to use tactile stimulation, which is easy to implement but requires training and has limited information bandwidth. In this study, we propose an alternative approach based on augmented reality. We have developed the GLIMPSE, a Google Glass application which connects to the prosthesis via a Bluetooth interface and renders the prosthesis states (EMG signals, aperture, force and contact) using augmented reality (see-through display) and sound (bone conduction transducer). The interface was tested in healthy subjects that used the prosthesis with (FB group) and without (NFB group) feedback during a modified clothespins test that allowed us to vary the difficulty of the task. The outcome measures were the number of unsuccessful trials, the time to accomplish the task, and the subjective ratings of the relevance of the feedback. There was no difference in performance between FB and NFB groups in the case of a simple task (basic, same-color clothespins test), but the feedback significantly improved the performance in a more complex task (pins of different resistances). Importantly, the GLIMPSE feedback did not increase the time to accomplish the task. Therefore, the supplemental feedback might be useful in the tasks which are more demanding, and thereby less likely to benefit from learning and feedforward control. The subjects integrated the supplemental feedback with the intrinsic sources (vision and muscle proprioception), developing their own idiosyncratic strategies to accomplish the task. The present study demonstrates a novel self-contained, ready-to-deploy, wearable feedback interface. The interface was successfully tested and was proven to be feasible and functionally beneficial. The GLIMPSE can be used as a practical solution but also as a general and flexible instrument to investigate closed-loop prosthesis control.

Metchnikoff's Munchies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cluett, Edward; Gould, Jessica

2006-01-01

This article describes an inquiry-based activity for high school students in which they determine the pH of the digestive compartment in "Paramecia" using different pH indicators. This lab activity introduces students to the challenges of research on the cellular level and illustrates one of the primary methods that scientists use to measure the…

Next generation sequencing of the genomes of 11 international RWA biotypes

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Scientists researching poorly characterized species struggle to gain understanding of the species they study on a sub-cellular level due to the time and investment required to build up an informative knowledge base. This becomes problematic when a poorly characterized species is a pest of a major e...

Doctoral Conceptual Thresholds in Cellular and Molecular Biology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feldon, David F.; Rates, Christopher; Sun, Chongning

2017-01-01

In the biological sciences, very little is known about the mechanisms by which doctoral students acquire the skills they need to become independent scientists. In the postsecondary biology education literature, identification of specific skills and effective methods for helping students to acquire them are limited to undergraduate education. To…

Institutional profile. The International Society for Cellular Therapy: evolving to meet the demands of the regenerative medicine industry.

PubMed

Maziarz, Richard T; Arthurs, Jane; Horwitz, Edwin

2011-03-01

The International Society for Cellular Therapy is a global association driving the translation of scientific research to deliver innovative cellular therapies to patients. Established in 1992, its membership and leadership comprises world-class scientists, clinicians, technologists, biotech/pharma and regulatory professionals from 40 countries focused on preclinical and translational aspects of developing cell therapy products. The International Society for Cellular Therapy has evolved in alignment with the maturation of the field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine to create forums for discussion of shared concerns for commercialization of cell therapies and of development of consensus standards, recognizing that true commercialization depends upon the translational scientific community, the regional regulatory and policy institutions, and the technology support and capital investment from industry. It exists to facilitate the international work of many, to spawn new initiatives, and to synergize with other stakeholders to create the best outcome for the many patients across the world depending on the answers and improved health that cellular therapeutics will provide them.

Humanity’s Eye into the Universe on This Week @NASA – November 4, 2016

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-11-04

During a Nov. 2 media event at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Administrator Charlie Bolden was joined by Goddard Center Director Chris Scolese and Senior Project Scientist, Dr. John Mather for an update on the James Webb Space Telescope, including a rare glimpse at the telescope’s primary mirror. Engineers and technicians recently completed a “Center of Curvature” test on the mirror, which measures the shape of the mirror. This is the first important optical measurement before the mirror goes into the testing chambers. Meanwhile, the telescope’s sunshield layers also have been finished. This will protect Webb’s sensitive instruments from the sun when the telescope is in space. The Webb Telescope, which is targeted for launch in 2018, will study every phase in the history of our universe, including the cosmos’ first luminous glows, the formation of planetary systems capable of supporting life, and the evolution of our own solar system. Also, Expedition 49 Returns Safely from the International Space Station, Next Space Station Crew Travels to Launch Site, Agency Innovation Mission Day, SDO Captures Lunar Transit, and World Altitude Record for MMS!

Forecasting Space Weather Events for a Neighboring World

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zheng, Yihua; Mason, Tom; Wood, Erin L.

2015-01-01

Shortly after NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission (MAVEN) spacecraft entered Mars' orbit on 21 September 2014, scientists glimpsed the Martian atmosphere's response to a front of solar energetic particles (SEPs) and an associated coronal mass ejection (CME). In response to some solar flares and CMEs, streams of SEPs burst from the solar atmosphere and are further accelerated in the interplanetary medium between the Sun and the planets. These particles deposit their energy and momentum into anything in their path, including the Martian atmosphere and MAVEN particle detectors. MAVEN scientists had been alerted to the likely CME-Mars encounter by a space weather prediction system that had its origins in space weather forecasting for Earth but now forecasts space weather for Earth's neighboring planets. The two Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft and Solar Heliospheric Observatory observed a CME on 26 September, with a trajectory that suggested a Mars intercept. A computer model developed for solar wind prediction, the Wang-Sheeley-Arge-Enlil cone model [e.g., Zheng et al., 2013; Parsons et al., 2011], running in real time at the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) located at NASA Goddard since 2006, showed the CME propagating in the direction of Mars (Figure 1). According to MAVEN particle detectors, the disturbance and accompanying SEP enhancement at the leading edge of the CME reached Mars at approximately 17 hours Universal Time on 29 September 2014. Such SEPs may have a profound effect on atmospheric escape - they are believed to be a possible means for driving atmospheric loss. SEPs can cause loss of Mars' upper atmosphere through several loss mechanisms including sputtering of the atmosphere. Sputtering occurs when atoms are ejected from the atmosphere due to impacts with energetic particles.

Juno, The Cultural Connection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clarke, T.

2016-12-01

After a 5 year journey and a billion miles cartwheeling through the vastness of space, the Juno spacecraft is in orbit about the planet Jupiter. With its suite of scientific instruments Juno scientists will catch a glimpse of the dawn of creation of our own solar system. Juno will address origins. Who am I? Where do I come from? But Juno is more than a space laboratory to study the planet Jupiter. Juno embodies the history of humankind's perception of the universe from Aristotle, Copernicus and Galileo, to the Juno spacecraft peering beneath the clouds of Jupiter. Juno embodies the literature of classical mythology and the timeless masterpieces of the Renaissance and Baroque periods in its very name. Juno carries to Jupiter small statuettes of the gods Jupiter and Juno and the scientist Galileo. Juno embodies cosmic visualization experiences through first ever movies of the moon occulting Earth (>2 million hits on YouTube) and the Galilean satellites orbiting about Jupiter (>1.8 million hits on You Tube). Juno embodies the stirring music of modern Greek composer Vangelis, the Orpheus of Juno, who provided the score for the movies of the moon occulting Earth and of the Galilean satellites orbiting Jupiter. Juno embodies down to Earth visualization experiences through trajectory models created of Juno's passage through the Earth-moon system and Juno's entire orbital mission at Jupiter. Juno is the embodiment of public engagement in its science in a fishbowl program. Indeed, because Juno is the embodiment of this remarkable union of science and technology, history and literature, music and art, and visualization and public engagement, Juno is truly an ambassador to the universe of a New Renaissance. In my talk, "Juno, the Cultural Connection," I will unveil a dimension of the Juno mission to Jupiter that the public might not otherwise see.

[Glimpsing undergraduate research from the view of the advisors of Nursing scholarships].

PubMed

Erdmann, Alacoque Lorenzini; Leite, Joséte Luzia; Nascimento, Keyla Cristiane do; Lanzoni, Gabriela Marcellino de Melo

2011-01-01

This research aimed at understanding the meaning of undergraduate research for supervisors of Nursing scholarship students in a university in the South of Brazil. The methodological reference used was the Grounded Theory, by the means of interviews with seven undergraduate research scholarship advisors forming two sample groups. The phenomenon "glimpsing undergraduate research activities of research groups coordinated by nursing advisors, the basis of competency formation in research of the scholarships" emerged form the interrelation of six categories. To be a advisor and researcher of human resources in research form undergraduation requires pedagogical, instrumental, and managerial competencies associated to research policies of nursing and health.

Current and historical involvement of dentistry in child protection and a glimpse of the future.

PubMed

Park, C M; Welbury, R

2016-10-01

Dental teams have been involved with child protection for over 40 years. This brief review summarises their involvement in the detection of various types of child abuse and goes on to discuss the gap between the proportions of dental professionals who suspect child abuse or neglect in their paediatric patients and those who refer such cases on. Potential reasons for this discrepancy are discussed, and a glimpse of the future is given as to where further research may be necessary to tackle this existing gap. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Cell biology in China: Focusing on the lysosome.

PubMed

Yang, Chonglin; Wang, Xiaochen

2017-06-01

The view that lysosomes are merely the recycling bins of the cell has changed greatly during recent years. Lysosomes are now known to play a central role in signal transduction, cellular adaptation, plasma membrane repair, immune responses and many other fundamental cellular processes. In conjunction with the seminal discoveries made by international colleagues, many important questions regarding lysosomes are being addressed by Chinese scientists. In this review, we briefly summarize recent exciting findings in China on lysosomal signaling, biogenesis, integrity and physiological functions. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Shedding Light on the Role of UV Exposure in Melanoma | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

When a cell is exposed to UV radiation, the chemical makeup of its DNA is changed in a specific manner, resulting in a recognizable modification that can be measured by scientists. These changes are normally detected and fixed by cellular mechanisms for DNA repair. However, if the damage is extensive or if a cell has defective DNA repair machinery, permanent mutations can be produced with harmful consequences for the cell. If the mutation occurs within the gene for a protein that regulates cellular growth, the development of cancer is possible.

Behavioural science at work for Canada: National Research Council laboratories.

PubMed

Veitch, Jennifer A

2007-03-01

The National Research Council is Canada's principal research and development agency. Its 20 institutes are structured to address interdisciplinary problems for industrial sectors, and to provide the necessary scientific infrastructure, such as the national science library. Behavioural scientists are active in five institutes: Biological Sciences, Biodiagnostics, Aerospace, Information Technology, and Construction. Research topics include basic cellular neuroscience, brain function, human factors in the cockpit, human-computer interaction, emergency evacuation, and indoor environment effects on occupants. Working in collaboration with NRC colleagues and with researchers from universities and industry, NRC behavioural scientists develop knowledge, designs, and applications that put technology to work for people, designed with people in mind.

Conference summary & recent advances: The 8th Conference on Metal Toxicity and Carcinogenesis

PubMed Central

Zhou, Xixi; Burchiel, Scott W.; Hudson, Laurie G.; Liu, Ke Jian

2015-01-01

Diseases caused by occupational and environmental exposure to metals are a public health concern. The underlying molecular mechanisms of metal toxicity and carcinogenicity remain largely unknown. Over 130 scientists attended the 8th Conference on Metal Toxicity and Carcinogenesis, presenting their various research concerns and recent findings to stimulate interactions and collaborations among scientists in the field. Several major areas were emphasized, including human & population studies, molecular & cellular mechanisms, biological targets, epigenetic effects, metabolism, and metal mixtures. Here we summarize presentations at the conference sessions and highlight the attendees’ latest work published in this special issue of Biological Trace Element Research. PMID:25975949

Capturing a flavivirus pre-fusion intermediate.

PubMed

Kaufmann, Bärbel; Chipman, Paul R; Holdaway, Heather A; Johnson, Syd; Fremont, Daved H; Kuhn, Richard J; Diamond, Michael S; Rossmann, Michael G

2009-11-01

During cell entry of flaviviruses, low endosomal pH triggers the rearrangement of the viral surface glycoproteins to a fusion-active state that allows the release of the infectious RNA into the cytoplasm. In this work, West Nile virus was complexed with Fab fragments of the neutralizing mAb E16 and was subsequently exposed to low pH, trapping the virions in a pre-fusion intermediate state. The structure of the complex was studied by cryo-electron microscopy and provides the first structural glimpse of a flavivirus fusion intermediate near physiological conditions. A radial expansion of the outer protein layer of the virion was observed compared to the structure at pH 8. The resulting approximately 60 A-wide shell of low density between lipid bilayer and outer protein layer is likely traversed by the stem region of the E glycoprotein. By using antibody fragments, we have captured a structural intermediate of a virus that likely occurs during cell entry. The trapping of structural transition states by antibody fragments will be applicable for other processes in the flavivirus life cycle and delineating other cellular events that involve conformational rearrangements.

Zebrafish Craniofacial Development: A Window into Early Patterning

PubMed Central

Mork, Lindsey; Crump, Gage

2016-01-01

The formation of the face and skull involves a complex series of developmental events mediated by cells derived from the neural crest, endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Although vertebrates boast an enormous diversity of adult facial morphologies, the fundamental signaling pathways and cellular events that sculpt the nascent craniofacial skeleton in the embryo have proven to be highly conserved from fish to man. The zebrafish Danio rerio, a small freshwater cyprinid fish from eastern India, has served as a popular model of craniofacial development since the 1990s. Unique strengths of the zebrafish model include a simplified skeleton during larval stages, access to rapidly developing embryos for live imaging, and amenability to transgenesis and complex genetics. In this chapter, we describe the anatomy of the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton; its applications as models for the mammalian jaw, middle ear, palate, and cranial sutures; the superior imaging technology available in fish that has provided unprecedented insights into the dynamics of facial morphogenesis; the use of the zebrafish to decipher the genetic underpinnings of craniofacial biology; and finally a glimpse into the most promising future applications of zebrafish craniofacial research. PMID:26589928

Cytoskeletal Regulation of Dermal Regeneration

PubMed Central

Strudwick, Xanthe L.; Cowin, Allison J.

2012-01-01

Wound healing results in the repair of injured tissues however fibrosis and scar formation are, more often than not the unfortunate consequence of this process. The ability of lower order vertebrates and invertebrates to regenerate limbs and tissues has been all but lost in mammals; however, there are some instances where glimpses of mammalian regenerative capacity do exist. Here we describe the unlocked potential that exists in mammals that may help us understand the process of regeneration post-injury and highlight the potential role of the actin cytoskeleton in this process. The precise function and regulation of the cytoskeleton is critical to the success of the healing process and its manipulation may therefore facilitate regenerative healing. The gelsolin family of actin remodelling proteins in particular has been shown to have important functions in wound healing and family member Flightless I (Flii) is involved in both regeneration and repair. Understanding the interactions between different cytoskeletal proteins and their dynamic control of processes including cellular adhesion, contraction and motility may assist the development of therapeutics that will stimulate regeneration rather than repair. PMID:24710556

Evaluating Career Development Resources: Lessons from the Earth Science Women's Network (ESWN)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kogan, M.; Laursen, S. L.

2010-12-01

Retention of geoscientists throughout the professional pipeline is especially challenging in the case of groups that are already underrepresented in science, including racial minorities and women. The Earth Science Women’s Network (ESWN) is a professional network of early-career female geoscientists that provides its members with a variety of career resources, through both informal, online and in-person networking and formal career development workshops. The group’s members are of diverse nationalities and racial/ethnic backgrounds, of various age cohorts and career stages, but primarily graduate students, postdocs, and early-career researchers. With funding from an NSF ADVANCE grant to ESWN, we have conducted a detailed survey of ESWN members as part of an evaluation-with-research study that aims to determine the career needs of young geoscientists. The survey data provide information about members’ personal and professional situations, their professional development needs, and obstacles they face as young women scientists. ESWN members indicated a variety of areas of professional growth that would advance their scientific careers, but at all career stages, members chose expanding their professional networks as among their top career needs. Professional networking has established benefits for retention of people from groups underrepresented in science, including women: it introduces young scientists to career best practices and advancement opportunities, provides access to role models, and creates a sense of community. ESWN members strongly indicate that their professional networks benefited from their involvement with the Network. The community aspect of network-building is especially important for people from underrepresented groups, as they often feel alone due to the lack of role models. The intimate character of the ESWN discussion list greatly contributes to its members’ sense of community. Moreover, personal concerns and professional success are inextricably linked for women scientists, who still perform a disproportionate share of domestic and parenting duties, as our data show. ESWN members of all career stages cited work/life balance as among their top career obstacles. Here the intimate tone of ESWN discussion list proves helpful once again: women feel safe to exchange their experiences and suggestions for handling a variety of work/life dilemmas. Our data offer a snapshot of the population that is not well documented by researchers so far - young women scientists at various early-career stages, ranging from graduate students and postdocs to young faculty. We will offer a glimpse of their career needs and present the strategies that have enabled ESWN to provide them with relevant career resources through establishing a supportive community, as well as suggest future directions for the Network to develop. These lessons learned from ESWN should be helpful to all interested in supporting young scientists through critical career junctures.

Teaching Cellular Respiration & Alternate Energy Sources with a Laboratory Exercise Developed by a Scientist-Teacher Partnership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Briggs, Brandon; Mitton, Teri; Smith, Rosemary; Magnuson, Timothy

2009-01-01

Microbial fuel cells are a current research area that harvests electricity from bacteria capable of anaerobic respiration. Graphite is an electrically conductive material that bacteria can respire on, thus it can be used to capture electrons from bacteria. When bacteria transfer electrons to graphite, an electrical potential is created that can…

GLIMPSE: Google Glass interface for sensory feedback in myoelectric hand prostheses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Markovic, Marko; Karnal, Hemanth; Graimann, Bernhard; Farina, Dario; Dosen, Strahinja

2017-06-01

Objective. Providing sensory feedback to the user of the prosthesis is an important challenge. The common approach is to use tactile stimulation, which is easy to implement but requires training and has limited information bandwidth. In this study, we propose an alternative approach based on augmented reality. Approach. We have developed the GLIMPSE, a Google Glass application which connects to the prosthesis via a Bluetooth interface and renders the prosthesis states (EMG signals, aperture, force and contact) using augmented reality (see-through display) and sound (bone conduction transducer). The interface was tested in healthy subjects that used the prosthesis with (FB group) and without (NFB group) feedback during a modified clothespins test that allowed us to vary the difficulty of the task. The outcome measures were the number of unsuccessful trials, the time to accomplish the task, and the subjective ratings of the relevance of the feedback. Main results. There was no difference in performance between FB and NFB groups in the case of a simple task (basic, same-color clothespins test), but the feedback significantly improved the performance in a more complex task (pins of different resistances). Importantly, the GLIMPSE feedback did not increase the time to accomplish the task. Therefore, the supplemental feedback might be useful in the tasks which are more demanding, and thereby less likely to benefit from learning and feedforward control. The subjects integrated the supplemental feedback with the intrinsic sources (vision and muscle proprioception), developing their own idiosyncratic strategies to accomplish the task. Significance. The present study demonstrates a novel self-contained, ready-to-deploy, wearable feedback interface. The interface was successfully tested and was proven to be feasible and functionally beneficial. The GLIMPSE can be used as a practical solution but also as a general and flexible instrument to investigate closed-loop prosthesis control.

Cellular automata and its applications in protein bioinformatics.

PubMed

Xiao, Xuan; Wang, Pu; Chou, Kuo-Chen

2011-09-01

With the explosion of protein sequences generated in the postgenomic era, it is highly desirable to develop high-throughput tools for rapidly and reliably identifying various attributes of uncharacterized proteins based on their sequence information alone. The knowledge thus obtained can help us timely utilize these newly found protein sequences for both basic research and drug discovery. Many bioinformatics tools have been developed by means of machine learning methods. This review is focused on the applications of a new kind of science (cellular automata) in protein bioinformatics. A cellular automaton (CA) is an open, flexible and discrete dynamic model that holds enormous potentials in modeling complex systems, in spite of the simplicity of the model itself. Researchers, scientists and practitioners from different fields have utilized cellular automata for visualizing protein sequences, investigating their evolution processes, and predicting their various attributes. Owing to its impressive power, intuitiveness and relative simplicity, the CA approach has great potential for use as a tool for bioinformatics.

The long history of hematoxylin.

PubMed

Titford, M

2005-01-01

Hematoxylin is a naturally occurring chemical used as the basis of a dye in laboratories throughout the world to stain nuclei in microscope slide preparations. This chemical is extracted from the logwood tree Hematoxylon campechianum and was discovered by Spanish explorers to the Yucatan in 1502. A vigorous trade soon developed related to growing and preparing hematoxylin for use in dyeing fabrics in Europe. In the mid 1800s, amateur microscopists first used hematoxylin to stain cellular components. Later scientists developed a wide range of techniques to demonstrate different cellular components. Hematoxylin remains the most popular nuclear stain in histology. This paper briefly describes the history of hematoxylin production and use in histology.

Polyphenols Beyond Barriers: A Glimpse into the Brain

PubMed Central

Figueira, Inês; Menezes, Regina; Macedo, Diana; Costa, Inês; Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia

2017-01-01

Background Ageing can be simply defined as the process of becoming older, which is genetically determined but also environmentally modulated. With the continuous increase of life expectancy, quality of life during ageing has become one of the biggest challenges of developed countries. The quest for a healthy ageing has led to the extensive study of plant polyphenols with the aim to prevent age-associated deterioration and diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. The world of polyphenols has fascinated researchers over the past decades, and in vitro, cell-based, animal and human studies have attempted to unravel the mechanisms behind dietary polyphenols neuroprotection. Methods In this review, we compiled some of the extensive and ever-growing research in the field, highlighting some of the most recent trends in the area. Results The main findings regarding polypolyphenols neuroprotective potential performed using in vitro, cellular and animal studies, as well as human trials are covered in this review. Concepts like bioavailability, polyphenols biotransformation, transport of dietary polyphenols across barriers, including the blood-brain barrier, are here explored. Conclusion The diversity and holistic properties of polypolyphenol present them as an attractive alternative for the treatment of multifactorial diseases, where a multitude of cellular pathways are disrupted. The underlying mechanisms of polypolyphenols for nutrition or therapeutic applications must be further consolidated, however there is strong evidence of their beneficial impact on brain function during ageing. Nevertheless, only the tip of the iceberg of nutritional and pharmacological potential of dietary polyphenols is hitherto understood and further research needs to be done to fill the gaps in pursuing a healthy ageing. PMID:27784225

Designing Global Climate Change

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Griffith, P. C.; ORyan, C.

2012-12-01

In a time when sensationalism rules the online world, it is best to keep things short. The people of the online world are not passing back and forth lengthy articles, but rather brief glimpses of complex information. This is the target audience we attempt to educate. Our challenge is then to attack not only ignorance, but also apathy toward global climate change, while conforming to popular modes of learning. When communicating our scientific material, it was difficult to determine what level of information was appropriate for our audience, especially with complex subject matter. Our unconventional approach for communicating the carbon crisis as it applies to global climate change caters to these 'recreational learners'. Using story-telling devices acquired from Carolyne's biomedical art background coupled with Peter's extensive knowledge of carbon cycle and ecosystems science, we developed a dynamic series of illustrations that capture the attention of a callous audience. Adapting complex carbon cycle and climate science into comic-book-style animations creates a channel between artist, scientist, and the general public. Brief scenes of information accompanied by text provide a perfect platform for visual learners, as well as fresh portrayals of stale material for the jaded. In this way art transcends the barriers of the cerebral and the abstract, paving the road to understanding.;

W.E. Henry Symposium compendium: The importance of magnetism in physics and material science

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carwell, H.

This compendium contains papers presented at the W. E. Henry Symposium, The Importance of Magnetism in Physics and Material Science. The one-day symposium was conducted to recognize the achievements of Dr. Warren Elliot Henry as educator, scientist, and inventor in a career spanning almost 70 years. Dr. Henry, who is 88 years old, attended the symposium. Nobel Laureate, Dr. Glenn Seaborg, a friend and colleague for over 40 years, attended the event and shared his personal reminiscences. Dr. Seaborg is Associate Director-At-Large at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Compendium begins with three papers which demonstrate the ongoing importance ofmore » magnetism in physics and material science. Other contributions cover the highlights of Dr. Henry`s career as a researcher, educator, and inventor. Colleagues and former students share insights on the impact of Dr. Henry`s research in the field of magnetism, low temperature physics, and solid state physics; his influence on students as an educator; and his character, intellect and ingenuity, and passion for learning and teaching. They share a glimpse of the environment and times that molded him as a man, and the circumstances under which he made his great achievements despite the many challenges he faced.« less

Industrial Physics---Southern California Style

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leslie, Stuart

2013-03-01

Only in Southern California did space-age style really come into its own as a unique expression of Cold War scientific culture. The corporate campuses of General Atomic in San Diego and North American Aviation in Los Angeles perfectly expressed the exhilarating spirit of Southern California's aerospace era, scaling up the residential version of California modernism to industrial proportion. Architects William Pereira and A.C. Martin Jr., in collaboration with their scientific counterparts, fashioned military-industrial `dream factories' for industrial physics that embodied the secret side of the space-age zeitgeist, one the public could only glimpse of in photographs, advertisements, and carefully staged open houses. These laboratories served up archetypes of the California dream for a select audience of scientists, engineers, and military officers, live-action commercials for a lifestyle intended to lure the best and brightest to Southern California. Paradoxically, they hid in plain sight, in the midst of aerospace suburbs, an open secret, at once visible and opaque, the public face of an otherwise invisible empire. Now, at the end of the aerospace era, these places have become an endangered species, difficult to repurpose, on valuable if sometimes highly polluted land. Yet they offer an important reminder of a more confident time when many physicists set their sights on the stars.

Physiological enzymology: The next frontier in understanding protein structure and function at the cellular level.

PubMed

Lee, Irene; Berdis, Anthony J

2016-01-01

Historically, the study of proteins has relied heavily on characterizing the activity of a single purified protein isolated from other cellular components. This classic approach allowed scientists to unambiguously define the intrinsic kinetic and chemical properties of that protein. The ultimate hope was to extrapolate this information toward understanding how the enzyme or receptor behaves within its native cellular context. These types of detailed in vitro analyses were necessary to reduce the innate complexities of measuring the singular activity and biochemical properties of a specific enzyme without interference from other enzymes and potential competing substrates. However, recent developments in fields encompassing cell biology, molecular imaging, and chemical biology now provide the unique chemical tools and instrumentation to study protein structure, function, and regulation in their native cellular environment. These advancements provide the foundation for a new field, coined physiological enzymology, which quantifies the function and regulation of enzymes and proteins at the cellular level. In this Special Edition, we explore the area of Physiological Enzymology and Protein Function through a series of review articles that focus on the tools and techniques used to measure the cellular activity of proteins inside living cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Physiological Enzymology and Protein Functions. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

NASA-ESA Joint Mission to Explore Two Worlds of Great Astrobiological Interest - Titan and Enceladus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reh, K.; Coustenis, A.; Lunine, J.; Matson, D.; Lebreton, J.-P.; Erd, C.; Beauchamp, P.

2009-04-01

Rugged shorelines, laced with canyons, leading to ethane/methane seas glimpsed through an organic haze, vast fields of dunes shaped by alien sciroccos… An icy moon festooned with plumes of water-ice and organics, whose warm watery source might be glimpsed through surface cracks that glow in the infrared… The revelations by Cassini-Huygens about Saturn's crown jewels, Titan and Enceladus, have rocked the public with glimpses of new worlds unimagined a decade before. The time is at hand to capitalize on those discoveries with a broad mission of exploration that combines the widest range of planetary science disciplines—Geology, Geophysics, Atmospheres, Astrobiology,Chemistry, Magnetospheres—in a single NASA/ESA collaboration. The Titan Saturn System Mission will explore these exciting new environments, flying through Enceladus' plumes and plunging deep into Titan's atmosphere with instruments tuned to find what Cassini could only hint at. Exploring Titan with an international fleet of vehicles; from orbit, from the surface of a great polar sea, and from the air with the first hot air balloon to ride an extraterrestrial breeze, TSSM will turn our snapshot gaze of these worlds into an epic film. This paper will describe a collaborative NASA-ESA Titan Saturn System Mission that will open a new phase of planetary exploration by projecting robotic presence on the land, on the sea, and in the air of an active, organic-rich world.

The Effects of Age and Set Size on the Fast Extraction of Egocentric Distance

PubMed Central

Gajewski, Daniel A.; Wallin, Courtney P.; Philbeck, John W.

2016-01-01

Angular direction is a source of information about the distance to floor-level objects that can be extracted from brief glimpses (near one's threshold for detection). Age and set size are two factors known to impact the viewing time needed to directionally localize an object, and these were posited to similarly govern the extraction of distance. The question here was whether viewing durations sufficient to support object detection (controlled for age and set size) would also be sufficient to support well-constrained judgments of distance. Regardless of viewing duration, distance judgments were more accurate (less biased towards underestimation) when multiple potential targets were presented, suggesting that the relative angular declinations between the objects are an additional source of useful information. Distance judgments were more precise with additional viewing time, but the benefit did not depend on set size and accuracy did not improve with longer viewing durations. The overall pattern suggests that distance can be efficiently derived from direction for floor-level objects. Controlling for age-related differences in the viewing time needed to support detection was sufficient to support distal localization but only when brief and longer glimpse trials were interspersed. Information extracted from longer glimpse trials presumably supported performance on subsequent trials when viewing time was more limited. This outcome suggests a particularly important role for prior visual experience in distance judgments for older observers. PMID:27398065

Research Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2012-01-01

In situ Oxidation Study of Pt (110) and Its Interaction with CO Chinese Scientists Published a Paper on Prevention of Drug Craving and Relapse by Memory Retrieval-extinction Procedure in Science Series Papers Published in Energy Policy: Modeling Energy Use of China's Road Transport and Policy Evaluation Breakthrough in the Ambient Catalytic Destruction of Formaldehyde Novel Findings for High Altitude Adaptation from the Yak Genome Binary Colloidal Structures Assembled through Ising Interactions Reemergence of superconductivity at 48K in Compressed Iron Selenide Based Superconductors Nucleosomes Suppress Spontaneous Mutations Base-Specifically in Eukaryotes Single-Chain Fragmented Antibodies Guided SiRNA Delivery in Breast Cancer Does Yeast Suicide? China Scientists Developed Important Methodologies for Spatiotemporal Detecting and Manipulating of Cellular Activities Scorpions Inspire Chinese Scientists in Making Bionic Non-eroding Surfaces for Machinery Research on Phylogenetic Placement of Borthwickia and Description of a New Family of Angiosperms, Borthwickiaceae Plasmoid Ejection and Secondary Current Sheet Generation from Magnetic Reconnection in Laser-plasma Interaction Cotton Bollworm Adapts to Bt Cotton via Diverse Mutations A Histone Acetyltransferase Regulates Active DNA Demethylation in Arabidopsis

Enceladus Up-Close

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-10-30

During its closest ever dive past the active south polar region of Saturn moon Enceladus, NASA Cassini spacecraft quickly shuttered its imaging cameras to capture glimpses of the fast moving terrain below.

Strategies for More Rapid Translation of Cellular Therapies for Children: A US Perspective

PubMed Central

Silberstein, Leslie E.; Lindblad, Robert W.; Welniak, Lisbeth A.; Mondoro, Traci Heath; Wagner, John E.

2013-01-01

Clinical trials for pediatric diseases face many challenges, including trial design, accrual, ethical considerations for children as research subjects, and the cost of long-term follow-up studies. In September 2011, the Production Assistance for Cellular Therapies Program, funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, sponsored a workshop, “Cell Therapy for Pediatric Diseases: A Growing Frontier,” with the overarching goal of optimizing the path of discovery in research involving novel cellular therapeutic interventions for debilitating pediatric conditions with few or no available treatment options. Academic and industry investigators in the fields of cellular therapy and regenerative medicine described the obstacles encountered in conducting a clinical trial from concept to conclusion. Patient and parent advocates, bioethicists, biostatisticians, regulatory representatives from the US Food and Drug Administration, and translational scientists actively participated in this workshop, seeking to identify the unmet needs specific to cellular therapies and treatment of pediatric diseases and propose strategies to facilitate the development of novel therapies. In this article we summarize the obstacles and potential corrective strategies identified by workshop participants to maximize the speed of cell therapy translational research for childhood diseases. PMID:23837178

The Scientist as Illustrator.

PubMed

Iwasa, Janet H

2016-04-01

Proficiency in art and illustration was once considered an essential skill for biologists, because text alone often could not suffice to describe observations of biological systems. With modern imaging technology, it is no longer necessary to illustrate what we can see by eye. However, in molecular and cellular biology, our understanding of biological processes is dependent on our ability to synthesize diverse data to generate a hypothesis. Creating visual models of these hypotheses is important for generating new ideas and for communicating to our peers and to the public. Here, I discuss the benefits of creating visual models in molecular and cellular biology and consider steps to enable researchers to become more effective visual communicators. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Serendipitous Scientist.

PubMed

Lefkowitz, Robert J

2018-01-06

Growing up in a middle-class Jewish home in the Bronx, I had only one professional goal: to become a physician. However, as with most of my Vietnam-era MD colleagues, I found my residency training interrupted by the Doctor Draft in 1968. Some of us who were academically inclined fulfilled this obligation by serving in the US Public Health Service as commissioned officers stationed at the National Institutes of Health. This experience would eventually change the entire trajectory of my career. Here I describe how, over a period of years, I transitioned from the life of a physician to that of a physician-scientist; my 50 years of work on cellular receptors; and some miscellaneous thoughts on subjects as varied as Nobel prizes, scientific lineages, mentoring, publishing, and funding.

Slight temperature changes affect protein affinity and cellular uptake/toxicity of nanoparticles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahmoudi, Morteza; Shokrgozar, Mohammad A.; Behzadi, Shahed

2013-03-01

It is known that what the cell actually ``sees'' at the nanoscale is an outer shell formed of `protein corona' on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs). The amount and composition of various proteins on the corona are strongly dependent on the biophysicochemical properties of NPs, which have been extensively studied. However, the effect of a small variation in temperature, due to the human circadian rhythm, on the composition of the protein corona and the affinity of various proteins to the surface of NPs, was ignored. Here, the effect of temperature on the composition of protein corona and the affinity of various proteins to the surface of NPs and, subsequently, cell responses to the protein coated NPs are probed. The results confirmed that cellular entrance, dispersion, and toxicity of NPs are strongly diverse with slight body temperature changes. This new finding can help scientists to maximise NP entrance to specific cells/organs with lower toxicity by adjusting the cellular/organ temperature.It is known that what the cell actually ``sees'' at the nanoscale is an outer shell formed of `protein corona' on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs). The amount and composition of various proteins on the corona are strongly dependent on the biophysicochemical properties of NPs, which have been extensively studied. However, the effect of a small variation in temperature, due to the human circadian rhythm, on the composition of the protein corona and the affinity of various proteins to the surface of NPs, was ignored. Here, the effect of temperature on the composition of protein corona and the affinity of various proteins to the surface of NPs and, subsequently, cell responses to the protein coated NPs are probed. The results confirmed that cellular entrance, dispersion, and toxicity of NPs are strongly diverse with slight body temperature changes. This new finding can help scientists to maximise NP entrance to specific cells/organs with lower toxicity by adjusting the cellular/organ temperature. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c3nr32551b

German Vocabulary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coombs, Virginia M.

This article discusses in general terms derivational aspects of English vocabulary. Citing examples of Anglo-Saxon origin, the author provides a glimpse into the nature of the interrelatedness of English, German, and French vocabulary. (RL)

In Saturn Shadow

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-10-11

With giant Saturn hanging in the blackness and sheltering Cassini from the sun blinding glare, the spacecraft viewed the rings as never before, revealing previously unknown faint rings and even glimpsing its home world.

Opportunities for Space Science Education Using Current and Future Solar System Missions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matiella Novak, M.; Beisser, K.; Butler, L.; Turney, D.

2010-12-01

The Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) office in The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) Space Department strives to excite and inspire the next generation of explorers by creating interactive education experiences. Since 1959, APL engineers and scientists have designed, built, and launched 61 spacecraft and over 150 instruments involved in space science. With the vast array of current and future Solar System exploration missions available, endless opportunities exist for education programs to incorporate the real-world science of these missions. APL currently has numerous education and outreach programs tailored for K-12 formal and informal education, higher education, and general outreach communities. Current programs focus on Solar System exploration missions such as the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM), Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF) Moon explorer, the Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP), New Horizons mission to Pluto, and the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) Satellite, to name a few. Education and outreach programs focusing on K-12 formal education include visits to classrooms, summer programs for middle school students, and teacher workshops. APL hosts a Girl Power event and a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) Day each year. Education and outreach specialists hold teacher workshops throughout the year to train educators in using NASA spacecraft science in their lesson plans. High school students from around the U.S. are able to engage in NASA spacecraft science directly by participating in the Mars Exploration Student Data Teams (MESDT) and the Student Principal Investigator Programs. An effort is also made to generate excitement for future missions by focusing on what mysteries will be solved. Higher education programs are used to recruit and train the next generation of scientists and engineers. The NASA/APL Summer Internship Program offers a unique glimpse into the Space Department’s “end-to-end” approach to mission design and execution. College students - both undergraduate and graduate - are recruited from around the U.S. to work with APL scientists and engineers who act as mentors to the students. Many students are put on summer projects that allow them to work with existing spacecraft systems, while others participate in projects that investigate the operational and science objectives of future planned spacecraft systems. In many cases these interns have returned to APL as full-time staff after graduation.

Illustrating the practice of statistics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hamada, Christina A; Hamada, Michael S

2009-01-01

The practice of statistics involves analyzing data and planning data collection schemes to answer scientific questions. Issues often arise with the data that must be dealt with and can lead to new procedures. In analyzing data, these issues can sometimes be addressed through the statistical models that are developed. Simulation can also be helpful in evaluating a new procedure. Moreover, simulation coupled with optimization can be used to plan a data collection scheme. The practice of statistics as just described is much more than just using a statistical package. In analyzing the data, it involves understanding the scientific problem andmore » incorporating the scientist's knowledge. In modeling the data, it involves understanding how the data were collected and accounting for limitations of the data where possible. Moreover, the modeling is likely to be iterative by considering a series of models and evaluating the fit of these models. Designing a data collection scheme involves understanding the scientist's goal and staying within hislher budget in terms of time and the available resources. Consequently, a practicing statistician is faced with such tasks and requires skills and tools to do them quickly. We have written this article for students to provide a glimpse of the practice of statistics. To illustrate the practice of statistics, we consider a problem motivated by some precipitation data that our relative, Masaru Hamada, collected some years ago. We describe his rain gauge observational study in Section 2. We describe modeling and an initial analysis of the precipitation data in Section 3. In Section 4, we consider alternative analyses that address potential issues with the precipitation data. In Section 5, we consider the impact of incorporating additional infonnation. We design a data collection scheme to illustrate the use of simulation and optimization in Section 6. We conclude this article in Section 7 with a discussion.« less

Juno, The Cultural Connection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clarke, Theodore

2017-04-01

After a 5 year journey and a billion miles cartwheeling through the vastness of space, the Juno spacecraft is in orbit about the planet Jupiter. With its suite of scientific instruments Juno scientists will catch a glimpse of the dawn of creation of our own solar system. Juno will address origins, asking for us all, Who am I? Where do I come from? But Juno is more than a space laboratory to study the planet Jupiter. Juno embodies the history of humankind's perception of the universe from Aristotle, Copernicus and Galileo, to the Juno spacecraft peering beneath the clouds of Jupiter. Juno embodies the literature of classical mythology and the timeless masterpieces of the Renaissance and Baroque periods in its very name. Juno carries to Jupiter small statuettes of the gods Jupiter and Juno and the scientist Galileo. Juno embodies cosmic visualization experiences through first ever movies of the moon occulting Earth (>2 million hits on YouTube) and the Galilean satellites orbiting about Jupiter (>1.8 million hits on You Tube). Juno embodies the stirring music of modern Greek composer Vangelis, the Orpheus of Juno, who provided the score for the movies of the moon occulting Earth and of the Galilean satellites orbiting Jupiter. Juno embodies down to Earth visualization experiences through trajectory models created of Juno's passage through the Earth-moon system and Juno's entire orbital mission at Jupiter. Juno is the embodiment of public engagement in its science in a fishbowl program. Indeed, because Juno is the embodiment of this remarkable union of science and technology, history and literature, music and art, and visualization and public engagement, Juno is truly an ambassador to the universe of a New Renaissance. In my paper, "Juno, the Cultural Connection," I will unveil a dimension of the Juno mission to the planet Jupiter that will appeal to a broad sector of the global public.

Bright Lights, Green City

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-07-28

Two extremely bright stars illuminate a greenish mist in this image from the new GLIMPSE360 survey from NASA Spitzer Space Telescope. The fog is comprised of hydrogen and carbon compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Lumpy Janus

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-07-01

The Cassini spacecraft catches a glimpse of Janus, an irregularly shaped moon. Lacking sufficient gravity to pull itself into a round shape, Janus has had its lumpy primordial shape only slightly modified by impacts since its formation.

Light Microscopy's New Jobs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ritsch-Marte, Monika

2009-04-01

300 years since the first glimpse through the earliest microscopes, light microscopy is still an active field of research, breaking new frontiers in optical imaging and even becoming a means of mechanical manipulation of microparticles.

All That Glitters: A Glimpse into the Future of Cancer Screening

Cancer.gov

Developing new screening approaches and rigorously establishing their validity is challenging. Researchers are actively searching for new screening tests that improve the benefits of screening while limiting the harms.

An English Class with Emily.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bassett, Lawrence F.

1998-01-01

Presents a high school student's description in class of her deep connection to Hester Prynne in Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Scarlet Letter," and how it offers a glimpse of the vast interior lives of women. (SR)

Shedding Light on the Role of UV Exposure in Melanoma | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

When a cell is exposed to UV radiation, the chemical makeup of its DNA is changed in a specific manner, resulting in a recognizable modification that can be measured by scientists. These changes are normally detected and fixed by cellular mechanisms for DNA repair. However, if the damage is extensive or if a cell has defective DNA repair machinery, permanent mutations can be

Using Cellular Proteins to Reveal Mechanisms of HIV Infection | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

A vital step in HIV infection is the insertion of viral DNA into the genome of the host cell. In order for the insertion to occur, viral nucleic acid must be transported through the membrane that separates the main cellular compartment (the cytoplasm) from the nucleus, where the host DNA is located. Scientists are actively studying the mechanism used to transport viral DNA into the nucleus in the hopes of targeting this step with future anti-HIV treatments. Up to this point, researchers have identified some of the viral components that play a role in nuclear transport, but they have not determined how viral interactions with other molecules in the cell contribute to the process.

A glimpse of the Appalachian forest experiment station

Treesearch

Margaret Stoughton Abell

1933-01-01

On the post office directory at Asheville, North Carolina, along with the names, Organized Reserves, Prohibition Investigators, Geologic Survey, Pisgah National Forest and others, you will find the words, Appalachian Forest Experiment Station -- Room 223.

Atlas Escaping

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-12-08

NASA Cassini spacecraft captured this view of Saturn moon Atlas 30 kilometers, or 19 miles across, with its smooth equatorial ridge, during a moderately close flyby on Dec. 6, 2015. The view offers one of Cassini best glimpses of Atlas.

High-Temperature Superconductivity

ScienceCinema

Peter Johnson

2017-12-09

Like astronomers tweaking images to gain a more detailed glimpse of distant stars, physicists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have found ways to sharpen images of the energy spectra in high-temperature superconductors — materials that carry electrical c

Intelligent Interfaces for Mining Large-Scale RNAi-HCS Image Databases

PubMed Central

Lin, Chen; Mak, Wayne; Hong, Pengyu; Sepp, Katharine; Perrimon, Norbert

2010-01-01

Recently, High-content screening (HCS) has been combined with RNA interference (RNAi) to become an essential image-based high-throughput method for studying genes and biological networks through RNAi-induced cellular phenotype analyses. However, a genome-wide RNAi-HCS screen typically generates tens of thousands of images, most of which remain uncategorized due to the inadequacies of existing HCS image analysis tools. Until now, it still requires highly trained scientists to browse a prohibitively large RNAi-HCS image database and produce only a handful of qualitative results regarding cellular morphological phenotypes. For this reason we have developed intelligent interfaces to facilitate the application of the HCS technology in biomedical research. Our new interfaces empower biologists with computational power not only to effectively and efficiently explore large-scale RNAi-HCS image databases, but also to apply their knowledge and experience to interactive mining of cellular phenotypes using Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) with Relevance Feedback (RF) techniques. PMID:21278820

Animal Research in Space: Past, Present, and Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souza, Kenneth; Sun, Sidney; Tomko, David

Animals, principally non-human primates, were the early pioneers of spaceflight demonstrating that higher organisms could survive the rigors of launch to low earth orbit and the unique microgravity and radiation environment of orbital spaceflight. Following dispelling the fears that spaceflight could cause major disruptions in key body systems, non-human primates gave way to rodent research, particularly rats, in order to increase the number of specimens per flight opportunity, reduce the cost of support equipment, and to focus on how animals adapt to the near absence of gravity. In the virtual absence of gravity, changes were observed in the musculoskeletal system, sensorimotor, cardiovascular, and other systems. To accommodate rodents during spaceflight special facilities had to be developed for both crewed and unscrewed space vehicles. e.g. the Space Shuttle, and free flyers like the Russian Cosmos biosatellites, respectively. With a crew onboard, scientists have the opportunity to use them to obtain samples from the animals, measure physiological function, observe and record animal behavior, and administer drugs or challenges. However, on free flyers one can utilize materials and techniques not possible on crewed spacecraft due to safety, cost, and/or flight resources or competing priorities. This presentation will provide a brief glimpse of some of the highlights in the history of animal research in space, recent results, and current prospects for the next decade, i.e., flight opportunities, rodent habitats, and support equipment for rodent research.

TASITE Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Ken

2015-01-01

In this article Tasmanian Society for IT in Education's (TASITE's) Ken Price provides a brief glimpse into recent NASITE-assisted projects and events that have helped to extend teachers' and students' understanding of ICT in education, and the new Digital Technologies curriculum.

GDOT historic landscape mitigation evaluation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-04-29

Historic Landscapes are our nations finger prints of the past. They provide us a glimpse into the way people worked, lived, and admired : the land. As the earths population continues to grow, so does the need for infrastructure improvements suc...

Nonpoint Source Highlights Report

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

A glimpse of NPS activities underway across the United States supported by §319. It provides a snapshot of strategies that state agencies, territories and tribes are using to tackle the spectrum of water quality issues related to NPS pollution

Looking Down on Lakes

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-04-07

NASA Cassini spacecraft peers down though layers of haze to glimpse the lakes of Titan northern regions. Titan has a hydrological cycle similar to Earth, but instead of water, Titan lakes and seas are filled with liquid methane and ethane.

Interactive Mold House Tour

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Get a quick glimpse of some of the most important ways to protect your home from mold by this interactive tour of the Mold House. Room-by-room, you'll learn about common mold issues and how to address them.

Pictorial and conceptual representation of glimpsed pictures.

PubMed

Potter, Mary C; Staub, Adrian; O'Connor, Daniel H; Potter, Mary C

2004-06-01

Pictures seen in a rapid sequence are remembered briefly, but most are forgotten within a few seconds (M. C. Potter. A. Staub, J. Rado. & D. H. O'Connor. 2002). The authors investigated the pictorial and conceptual components of this fleeting memory by presenting 5 pictured scenes and immediately testing recognition of verbal titles (e.g., people at a table) or recognition of the pictures themselves. Recognition declined during testing, but initial performance was higher and the decline steeper when pictures were tested. A final experiment included test decoy pictures that were conceptually similar to but visually distinct from the original pictures. Yeses to decoys were higher than yeses to other distractors. Fleeting memory for glimpsed pictures has a strong conceptual component (conceptual short-term memory), but there is additional highly volatile pictorial memory (pictorial short-term memory) that is not tapped hy a gist title or decoy picture. ((c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved)

A GLIMPSE of Star Formation in the Outer Galaxy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winston, Elaine; Hora, Joseph L.; Tolls, Volker

2018-01-01

The wealth of infrared data provided by recent infrared missions such as Spitzer, Herschel, and WISE has yet to be fully mined in the study of star formation in the outer galaxy. The nearby galaxy and massive star forming regions towards the galactic center have been extensively studied. However the outer regions of the Milky Way, where the metallicity is intermediate in value between the inner galactic disk and the Magellanic Clouds, has not been systematically studied. We are using Spitzer/IRAC’s GLIMPSE (Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-plane Survey Extraordinaire) observations of the galactic plane at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 microns to identify young stellar objects (YSOs) via their disk emission in the mid-infrared. A tiered clustering analysis is then performed: preliminary large scale clustering is identified across the field using a Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) technique. Smaller scale sub clustering within these regions is performed using an implementation of the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) technique. The YSOs are then compared to known objects in the SIMBAD catalogue and their photometry and cluster membership is augmented using available Herschel and WISE photometry. We compare our results to those in the inner galaxy to determine how dynamical processes and environmental factors affect the star formation efficiency. These results will have applications to the study of star formation in other galaxies, where only global properties can be determined. We will present here the results of our initial investigation into star formation in the outer galaxy using the Spitzer/GLIMPSE observations of the SMOG field.

History of Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

NASA Image and Video Library

1998-01-01

This photograph is a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image of a sky full of glittering jewels. The HST peered into the Sagittarius star cloud, a narrow dust free region, providing this spectacular glimpse of a treasure chest full of stars.

Glimpses of Health Programs in the People's Republic of China.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Journal of School Health, 1983

1983-01-01

Three articles describe health programs in the People's Republic of China: (1) "Health Education in Schools" (Nicholas K. Iammarino); (2) "Health Care System and Nursing" (Veronica D. Feeg); and (3) "Family Planning Education" (Marian V. Hamburg). (CJ)

Big Machines and Big Science: 80 Years of Accelerators at Stanford

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Loew, Gregory

2008-12-16

Longtime SLAC physicist Greg Loew will present a trip through SLAC's origins, highlighting its scientific achievements, and provide a glimpse of the lab's future in 'Big Machines and Big Science: 80 Years of Accelerators at Stanford.'

Looking southwest, this photograph demonstrates the northeast corner of E ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Looking southwest, this photograph demonstrates the northeast corner of E Building, with a glimpse of part of the east entrance - Department of Energy, Mound Facility, Electronics Laboratory Building (E Building), One Mound Road, Miamisburg, Montgomery County, OH

A perspective on microarrays: current applications, pitfalls, and potential uses

PubMed Central

Jaluria, Pratik; Konstantopoulos, Konstantinos; Betenbaugh, Michael; Shiloach, Joseph

2007-01-01

With advances in robotics, computational capabilities, and the fabrication of high quality glass slides coinciding with increased genomic information being available on public databases, microarray technology is increasingly being used in laboratories around the world. In fact, fields as varied as: toxicology, evolutionary biology, drug development and production, disease characterization, diagnostics development, cellular physiology and stress responses, and forensics have benefiting from its use. However, for many researchers not familiar with microarrays, current articles and reviews often address neither the fundamental principles behind the technology nor the proper designing of experiments. Although, microarray technology is relatively simple, conceptually, its practice does require careful planning and detailed understanding of the limitations inherently present. Without these considerations, it can be exceedingly difficult to ascertain valuable information from microarray data. Therefore, this text aims to outline key features in microarray technology, paying particular attention to current applications as outlined in recent publications, experimental design, statistical methods, and potential uses. Furthermore, this review is not meant to be comprehensive, but rather substantive; highlighting important concepts and detailing steps necessary to conduct and interpret microarray experiments. Collectively, the information included in this text will highlight the versatility of microarray technology and provide a glimpse of what the future may hold. PMID:17254338

Natural Product Shows Effectiveness in Combating Colorectal Cancer | Poster

Cancer.gov

An herbal extract used for centuries to prevent heart disease has now been shown to be effective against colorectal cancer when tested in laboratory cell cultures. Scientists from NCI at Frederick found that the natural extract cryptotanshinone (CPT) stops the uncontrolled cell growth characteristic of cancer by interfering with a protein that has been implicated in several cancers, including those of the colon and rectum. The results appear in the journal Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry.

Noninvasive cardiovascular imaging.

PubMed

Hartman, Robert J

2014-01-01

Over the past 2 decades, use of noninvasive cardiovascular imaging has increased dramatically. This article provides a brief synopsis of the current state of several technologies-- echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac computed tomography--as well as a glimpse at future possibilities in cardiac imaging.

Speaking the Unspeakable: Discursive Strategies To Express Language Attitudes in Legon (Ghana) Graffiti.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Obeng, Samuel Gyasi

2000-01-01

Examines how language attitudes are expressed in Legon, Ghana, a multilingual society. Focuses on the graffiti in male lavatories, which offers an interesting glimpse of some of the intergroup tensions existing within Ghanian society. (Author/VWL)

Sun Grant Initiative : great strides toward a sustainable and more energy-independent future

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-09-01

The Sun Grant Initiative publication, developed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, offers a glimpse of how the Sun Grant Initiative Centers are advancing alternative fuels research. Transportation plays a significant role in biofuels research,...

A Glimpse of the Milky Way

NASA Image and Video Library

2005-12-13

In visible light, the bulk of our Milky Way galaxy stars are eclipsed behind thick clouds of galactic dust and gas. But to the infrared eyes of NASA Spitzer Space Telescope, distant stars and dust clouds shine with unparalleled clarity and color.

Text Version of the Indoor Air Quality House Tour

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Get a quick glimpse of some of the most important ways to protect the air in your home by touring the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) House. Room-by-room, you'll learn about the key pollutants and how to address them.

The Art of Reviewing Science Journals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepardson, Daniel P.; Britsch, Susan Jane

2004-01-01

Science journals are wonderful tools. They offer a glimpse into children's science understandings, and they are both diagnostic and pedagogically informative to teachers. Examining and reflecting on children's journal work lets teachers embed assessment in curriculum and instruction; however, effectively analyzing children's journal writing and…

Disaster dentistry.

PubMed

Hinchliffe, J A

2007-04-28

This article gives a brief glimpse of some of the issues involved with dental identification of fatalities in disaster situations. It is based on the personal views and experiences of the author as a forensic dentist in the aftermath of the Asian tsunami and the Sharm el Sheikh bombings.

Seascapes: Glimpses of Our Water World.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardin, Jan

Presented is a collection of newspaper articles prepared by the Delaware Sea Grant Marine Advisory Service during the summer of 1978. Subjects addressed are bioluminescence, beachcomber finds, gulls, beach erosion, marine research activities, barnacles, sand, seaweed, jellyfish, shore restaurants, diving mammals, and tides. (Author/BW)

Procurement of State-of-the-Art Research Equipment to Support Faculty Members Within the RNAi Therapeutics Institute

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Terence Flotte, MD; Patricia McNulty

2010-06-29

This project funded the procurement of state-of-the-art research equipment to support world class faculty members within the RNAi Therapeutics Institute, a central program of the Advanced Therapeutics Cluster (ATC) project. The equipment purchased under this grant supports the RNA Therapeutics Institute (RTI) at the University of Massachusetts Medical School which seeks to build a community of scientists passionate about RNA. By uniting researchers studying the fundamental biology and mechanisms of cellular RNAs with those working to devise human therapies using or targeting nucleic acids, the RTI represents a new model for scientific exploration. By interweaving basic and applied nucleic acidmore » scientists with clinicians dedicated to finding new cures, our goal is to create a new paradigm for organizing molecular research that enables the rapid application of new biological discoveries to solutions for unmet challenges in human health.« less

Coordinating an IPLS class with a biology curriculum: NEXUS/Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Redish, Edward

2014-03-01

A multi-disciplinary team of scientists has been reinventing the Introductory Physics for Life Scientists (IPLS) course at the University of Maryland. We focus on physics that connects elements common to the curriculum for all life scientists - molecular and cellular biology - with building general scientific competencies, such as mathematical modeling, reasoning from core principles, and multi-representation translation. The prerequisites for the class include calculus, chemistry, and biology. In addition to building the basic ideas of the Newtonian framework, electric currents, and optics, our prerequisites allow us to include topics such as atomic interactions and chemical bonding, random motion and diffusion, thermodynamics (including entropy and free energy), and spectroscopy. Our chemical bonding unit helps students link the view of energy developed in traditional macroscopic physics with the idea of chemical bonding as a source of energy presented in their chemistry and biology classes. Education research has played a central role in our design, as has a strong collaboration between our Discipline-Based Education and the Biophysics Research groups. These elements permit us to combine modern pedagogy with cutting-edge insights into the physics of living systems. Supported in part by a grant from HHMI and the US NSF grant #1122818/.

Gold Nanoparticles for Biology and Medicine

PubMed Central

Giljohann, David A.; Seferos, Dwight S.; Daniel, Weston L.; Massich, Matthew D.; Patel, Pinal C.

2014-01-01

Gold colloids have fascinated scientists for over a century and are now heavily utilized in chemistry, biology, engineering, and medicine. Today these materials can be synthesized reproducibly, modified with seemingly limitless chemical functional groups, and, in certain cases, characterized with atomic-level precision. This Review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, bioconjugation, and cellular uses of gold nanoconjugates. There are now many examples of highly sensitive and selective assays based upon gold nanoconjugates. In recent years, focus has turned to therapeutic possibilities for such materials. Structures which behave as gene-regulating agents, drug carriers, imaging agents, and photoresponsive therapeutics have been developed and studied in the context of cells and many debilitating diseases. These structures are not simply chosen as alternatives to molecule-based systems, but rather for their new physical and chemical properties, which confer substantive advantages in cellular and medical applications. PMID:20401880

From stem cells to human development: a distinctly human perspective on early embryology, cellular differentiation and translational research.

PubMed

Craft, April M; Johnson, Matthew

2017-01-01

Over 100 scientists with common interests in human development, disease and regeneration gathered in late September 2016 for The Company of Biologists' second 'From Stem Cells to Human Development' meeting held in historic Southbridge. In this Meeting Review, we highlight some of the exciting new findings that were presented, and discuss emerging themes and convergences in human development and disease that arose during these discussions. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Generating and Expanding Autologous Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells from Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

PubMed

Kenderian, Saad S; June, Carl H; Gill, Saar

2017-01-01

Adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T cells can lead to profound and durable responses in patients with hematologic malignancies, generating enormous enthusiasm among scientists, clinicians, patients, and biotechnology companies. The success of adoptive cellular immunotherapy depends upon the ability to manufacture good quality T cells. We discuss here the methodologies and reagents that are used to generate T cells for the preclinical study of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Dawn First Glimpse of Vesta -- Processed

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-05-11

This image, processed to show the true size of the giant asteroid Vesta, shows Vesta in front of a spectacular background of stars. It was obtained by the framing camera aboard NASA Dawn spacecraft on May 3, 2011, from a distance of about 750,000 miles.

Grilling with a Healthier Mindset | Poster

Cancer.gov

Summer means another chance to grab some ribs and fire up the grill, but eating certain types of grilled meat may increase your chances of developing cancer. Here is a glimpse of how cancer and grilling are related and some ways you can lower your risk.

A Forward Glimpse into Inverse Problems through a Geology Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winkel, Brian J.

2012-01-01

This paper describes a forward approach to an inverse problem related to detecting the nature of geological substrata which makes use of optimization techniques in a multivariable calculus setting. The true nature of the related inverse problem is highlighted. (Contains 2 figures.)

Going, Going, Green

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fox, Bette-Lee

2007-01-01

The year in architecture offered grand facades, creative collaborations, and calamities overcome and viewed as opportunities. This article features 168 public building projects and 21 academic facilities completed between July 1, 2006, and June 30, 2007 that provide a glimpse of the future. Many libraries reported here achieved Leadership in…

Killers in the Brain - Essays in Science and Technology from the Royal Institution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Day, Peter

1999-09-01

This fascinating and diverse selection of essays from the Royal Institution provides a glimpse of some of the most current and exciting scientific research, ranging from the global increase in asthma and allergies to neurodegenerative diseases known as "brain killers."

Design Studio.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Draze, Dianne; Palouda, Annelise

This book presents information about 10 areas of design, with the main emphasis on graphic design. One section presents the creative problem solving process and provides practice in using this process to solve design problems. Students are given a glimpse of other areas of design, including fashion, industrial, architectural, decorative,…

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Molecular clouds with GLIMPSE/MIPSGAL data (Retes-Romero+, 2017)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Retes-Romero, R.; Mayya, Y. D.; Luna, A.; Carrasco, L.

2017-11-01

All of the 12 selected molecular clouds have GLIMPSE and MIPSGAL public data available. Typical Spitzer RGB images (3.6um, 8.0um, and 24um) of the resulting sample of clouds are shown in Figure 1, where the position of the IRAS source is identified. In order to define the parent molecular cloud that harbors the high-mass star-forming regions, we used 13CO(J=1-0) emission data from the Galactic Ring Survey (GRS) database (Jackson+ 2006ApJS..163..145J). The survey data have a velocity resolution of 0.21km/s, a typical (1σ) rms sensitivity of ~0.13K, a main beam efficiency of {eta}mb=0.48, and a beam of 46". The 13CO emission spectra for the line of sight (LOS) to the selected IRAS sources are shown in Figure 2, where the observed velocity of the CS(J=2-1) emission line (Bronfman+ 1996, J/A+AS/115/81) is also marked. (3 data files).

Electronic Materials Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Irene, Eugene A.

2005-02-01

A thorough introduction to fundamental principles and applications From its beginnings in metallurgy and ceramics, materials science now encompasses such high- tech fields as microelectronics, polymers, biomaterials, and nanotechnology. Electronic Materials Science presents the fundamentals of the subject in a detailed fashion for a multidisciplinary audience. Offering a higher-level treatment than an undergraduate textbook provides, this text benefits students and practitioners not only in electronics and optical materials science, but also in additional cutting-edge fields like polymers and biomaterials. Readers with a basic understanding of physical chemistry or physics will appreciate the text's sophisticated presentation of today's materials science. Instructive derivations of important formulae, usually omitted in an introductory text, are included here. This feature offers a useful glimpse into the foundations of how the discipline understands such topics as defects, phase equilibria, and mechanical properties. Additionally, concepts such as reciprocal space, electron energy band theory, and thermodynamics enter the discussion earlier and in a more robust fashion than in other texts. Electronic Materials Science also features: An orientation towards industry and academia drawn from the author's experience in both arenas Information on applications in semiconductors, optoelectronics, photocells, and nanoelectronics Problem sets and important references throughout Flexibility for various pedagogical needs Treating the subject with more depth than any other introductory text, Electronic Materials Science prepares graduate and upper-level undergraduate students for advanced topics in the discipline and gives scientists in associated disciplines a clear review of the field and its leading technologies.

New solutions for climate network visualization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nocke, Thomas; Buschmann, Stefan; Donges, Jonathan F.; Marwan, Norbert

2016-04-01

An increasing amount of climate and climate impact research methods deals with geo-referenced networks, including energy, trade, supply-chain, disease dissemination and climatic tele-connection networks. At the same time, the size and complexity of these networks increases, resulting in networks of more than hundred thousand or even millions of edges, which are often temporally evolving, have additional data at nodes and edges, and can consist of multiple layers even in real 3D. This gives challenges to both the static representation and the interactive exploration of these networks, first of all avoiding edge clutter ("edge spagetti") and allowing interactivity even for unfiltered networks. Within this presentation, we illustrate potential solutions to these challenges. Therefore, we give a glimpse on a questionnaire performed with climate and complex system scientists with respect to their network visualization requirements, and on a review of available state-of-the-art visualization techniques and tools for this purpose (see as well Nocke et al., 2015). In the main part, we present alternative visualization solutions for several use cases (global, regional, and multi-layered climate networks) including alternative geographic projections, edge bundling, and 3-D network support (based on CGV and GTX tools), and implementation details to reach interactive frame rates. References: Nocke, T., S. Buschmann, J. F. Donges, N. Marwan, H.-J. Schulz, and C. Tominski: Review: Visual analytics of climate networks, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 22, 545-570, doi:10.5194/npg-22-545-2015, 2015

Earth as art three

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2010-01-01

For most of us, deserts, mountains, river valleys, coastlines even dry lakebeds are relatively familiar features of the Earth's terrestrial environment. For earth scientists, they are the focus of considerable scientific research. Viewed from a unique and unconventional perspective, Earth's geographic attributes can also be a surprising source of awe-inspiring art. That unique perspective is space. The artists for the Earth as Art Three exhibit are the Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 satellites, which orbit approximately 705 kilometers (438 miles) above the Earth's surface. While studying the images these satellites beam down daily, researchers are often struck by the sheer beauty of the scenes. Such images inspire the imagination and go beyond scientific value to remind us how stunning, intricate, and simply amazing our planet's features can be. Instead of paint, the medium for these works of art is light. But Landsat satellite sensors don't see light as human eyes do; instead, they see radiant energy reflected from Earth's surface in certain wavelengths, or bands, of red, green, blue, and infrared light. When these different bands are combined into a single image, remarkable patterns, colors, and shapes emerge. The Earth as Art Three exhibit provides fresh and inspiring glimpses of different parts of our planet's complex surface. The images in this collection were chosen solely based on their aesthetic appeal. Many of the images have been manipulated to enhance color variations or details. They are not intended for scientific interpretation only for your viewing pleasure. Enjoy!

MO-E-BRF-01: Research Opportunities in Technology for Innovation in Radiation Oncology (Highlight of ASTRO NCI 2013 Workshop)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hahn, S; Jaffray, D; Chetty, I

Radiotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for solid tumors, in large part due to significant technological advances associated with, for instance, the ability to target tumors to very high levels of accuracy (within millimeters). Technological advances have played a central role in the success of radiation therapy as an oncologic treatment option for patients. ASTRO, AAPM and NCI sponsored a workshop “Technology for Innovation in Radiation Oncology” at the NCI campus in Bethesda, MD on June 13–14, 2013. The purpose of this workshop was to bring together expert clinicians and scientists to discuss the role of disruptive technologiesmore » in radiation oncology, in particular with regard to how they are being developed and translated to clinical practice in the face of current and future challenges and opportunities. The technologies discussed encompassed imaging and delivery aspects, along with methods to enable/facilitate application of them in the clinic. Measures for assessment of the performance of these technologies, such as techniques to validate quantitative imaging, were reviewed. Novel delivery technologies, incorporating efficient and safe delivery mechanisms enabled by development of tools for process automation and the associated field of oncology informatics formed one of the central themes of the workshop. The discussion on disruptive technologies was grounded in the need for evidence of efficacy. Scientists in the areas of technology assessment and bioinformatics provided expert views on different approaches toward evaluation of technology efficacy. Clinicians well versed in clinical trials incorporating disruptive technologies (e.g. SBRT for early stage lung cancer) discussed the important role of these technologies in significantly improving local tumor control and survival for these cohorts of patients. Recommendations summary focused on the opportunities associated with translating the technologies into the clinic and assessing their efficacy, and provided a glimpse into the future. Learning Objectives: To understand the impact of technology on the field of radiation therapy To learn about the trends of technology development for the field of radiation oncology To understand the opportunities for in innovative technology research.« less

Constructed-Response Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swinford, Ashleigh

2016-01-01

With rigor outlined in state and Common Core standards and the addition of constructed-response test items to most state tests, math constructed-response questions have become increasingly popular in today's classroom. Although constructed-response problems can present a challenge for students, they do offer a glimpse of students' learning through…

A computational framework for supporting environmental-climate-energy decision-making

EPA Science Inventory

GLIMPSE is a effort in which the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development is developing tools to support long-term, coordinated environmental, climate, and energy planning. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the underlying science questions; provide an overview of ...

Implementing Learner-Centered Educational Strategies: The Bloomington Project School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dutta, Pratima

2014-01-01

The Bloomington Project School (BPS) is a charter school that has successfully adopted and implemented several learner-centered educational strategies. This case study offers a glimpse into its student-centered, collaborative, and interdisciplinary learning and teaching processes; its mastery-based assessment process; and its successful technology…

Glimpses of Biological Research and Education in Cuba.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Margulis, Lynn; Kunz, Thomas H.

1984-01-01

Discusses Cuban medical facilities, biological research (focusing on sugarcane tissue culture, interferon, hybrid cattle, tropical fruits, and yeast biosynthetic pathways), science education programs at all levels, and institutions of higher education. Also examines such concerns as the Cuban literacy rate and efforts to improve the environment.…

Glimpses into Pacific Lives: Some Outstanding Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simon-McWilliams, Ethel, Comp.; Green, Karen Reed, Ed.

This document presents profiles of women who have contributed significantly to governmental changes, social and economic development, and general efforts toward change in Guam, Hawaii, American Samoa, Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau. Each profile provides a brief…

Performance Improvement Processes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1997

This document contains four papers from a symposium on performance improvement processes. In "Never the Twain Shall Meet?: A Glimpse into High Performance Work Practices and Downsizing" (Laurie J. Bassi, Mark E. Van Buren) evidence from a national cross-industry of more than 200 establishments is used to demonstrate that high-performance…

NASA Quest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ashby, Susanne

2000-01-01

Introduces NASA Quest as part of NASA's Learning Technologies Project, which connects students to the people of NASA through the various pages at the website where students can glimpse the various types of work performed at different NASA facilities and talk to NASA workers about the type of work they do. (ASK)

Miniatue Propulsion Components for the Pluto Fast Flyby Spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morash, D. H.; Strand, L.

1994-01-01

Pluto is the only planet in our solar system not yet visited by our spacecraft. Recent observations through the Hubble Space Telescope have given us a glimpse of Pluto and it's moon Charon, but their small size and immense distance from earth have preserved their mystery.

Telecommunications for the Deaf: Echoes of the Past--A Glimpse of the Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jensema, Carl J.

1994-01-01

This article traces developments in telephone and telecommunications technology from Alexander Graham Bell to the present, explaining technical and practical aspects of teletypewriters, fax machines, online information services, electronic mail, video telephones, relay systems, teleconferencing, video telephones, and speech recognition.…

Consumer acceptance and travel behavior : impacts of automated vehicles : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

This study provides a glimpse into the not-too-distant future by asking people in the general population how they would respond to the availability of self-driving vehicles, which might be on Texas roadways within a few years. Some elements of the te...

Universities, Knowledge and Pedagogical Configurations: Glimpsing the Complex University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guzmán-Valenzuela, Carolina

2018-01-01

This paper elaborates a typology of universities in which each university is characteristically associated with (i) diverse missions, (ii) different ways of producing knowledge and (iii) contrasting pedagogical configurations. Four university forms are identified, analysed and illustrated, namely the expert university, the non-elite university,…

60 Years of Great Science (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

2003-01-01

This issue of Oak Ridge National Laboratory Review (vol. 36, issue 1) highlights Oak Ridge National Laboratory's contributions in more than 30 areas of research and related activities during the past 60 years and provides glimpses of current activities that are carrying on this heritage.

Integration of GCAM-USA into GLIMPSE: Update and demonstration

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this presentation is to (i) discuss changes made to the GCAM-USA model to more fully support long-term, coordinated environmental-climate-energy planning within the U.S., and (ii) demonstrate the graphical user interface that has been constructed to construct model...

Chasing Shadows

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeVore, Edna; Gould, Alan

2017-01-01

The solar eclipse coming August 21 offers students the opportunity not only to explore the geometry of the solar system but also to learn about exoplanets transiting distant stars. Students can glimpse a great frontier of science: the search for other worlds and life. This article presents information on exoplanets, discovering planets around…

Southeast Ecological Science Center: Who we are, what we do

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pawlitz, R.J.

2011-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Southeast Ecological Science Center (SESC) is a research center that studies the biology and ecology of aquatic environments in the United States and around the world. This brochure offers a glimpse of the diverse issues addressed by SESC researchers.

[Protoplasm, coagulation and colloids : Forgotten chapter in the research history of anesthesia between Zeitgeist and paradigm].

PubMed

Perouansky, M

2015-05-01

The historically most important mechanistic theories attributed the fundamental cause of anesthesia to interactions betweeen anesthetics and proteins as early as the 1870s. According to the underlying thought, the resulting changes in the consistency of cellular protoplasm were the cause of the anesthetized state of the whole organism.These protoplasm coagulation theories, as they were collectively referred to, brought the contemporary enthusiasm for protoplasm, the rapid advances in colloid chemistry and the unified theory of narcosis proclamed by Claude Bernard under a unified mechanistic theory that reflected the Zeitgeist of the epoch.This research effort, on the intersection of the developing disciplines of cellular biology and colloid chemistry, lasted for almost a century. It involved scientists of worldwide reputation and resulted in a number of elegant theories. Contrary to widespread opinion, proteins and not lipids were recognized and investigated first as the critical molecular target of anesthetics more than a century prior to their much publicized rediscovery in 1984.The protoplasm coagulation theories of anesthesia were pursued after the First World War across ideological trenches by scientists in Europe, the Soviet Union and the United States. They united research in anesthesia with research of fundamental cell biology.In contrast to the much less fruitful lipid theories, protoplasm coagulation theories are largely forgotten without leaving a trace in contemporary discussions of the history of anesthesia. For many tyears, however, they constituted an essential part of fundamental anesthetic research and must therefore be mentioned in any historical review.

Biodegradable nanoparticles for intracellular delivery of antimicrobial agents.

PubMed

Xie, Shuyu; Tao, Yanfei; Pan, Yuanhu; Qu, Wei; Cheng, Guyue; Huang, Lingli; Chen, Dongmei; Wang, Xu; Liu, Zhenli; Yuan, Zonghui

2014-08-10

Biodegradable nanoparticles have emerged as a promising strategy for ferrying antimicrobial agents into specific cells due to their unique properties. This review discusses the current progress and challenges of biodegradable nanoparticles for intracellular antimicrobial delivery to understand design principles for the development of ideal nanocarriers. The intracellular delivery performances of biodegradable nanoparticles for diverse antimicrobial agents are first summarized. Second, the cellular internalization and intracellular trafficking, degradation and release kinetics of nanoparticles as well as their relation with intracellular delivery of encapsulated antimicrobial agents are provided. Third, the influences of nanoparticle properties on the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of nanoparticles and their payload antimicrobial agents are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of nanoparticles for intracellular delivery of antimicrobial agents are addressed. The review will be helpful to the scientists who are interested in searching for more efficient nanosystem strategies for intracellular delivery of antimicrobial agents. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Recent research in flaxseed (oil seed) on molecular structure and metabolic characteristics of protein, heat processing-induced effect and nutrition with advanced synchrotron-based molecular techniques.

PubMed

Doiron, Kevin J; Yu, Peiqiang

2017-01-02

Advanced synchrotron radiation-based infrared microspectroscopy is able to reveal feed and food structure feature at cellular and molecular levels and simultaneously provides composition, structure, environment, and chemistry within intact tissue. However, to date, this advanced synchrotron-based technique is still seldom known to food and feed scientists. This article aims to provide detailed background for flaxseed (oil seed) protein research and then review recent progress and development in flaxseed research in ruminant nutrition in the areas of (1) dietary inclusion of flaxseed in rations; (2) heat processing effect; (3) assessing dietary protein; (4) synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy as a tool of nutritive evaluation within cellular and subcellular dimensions; (5) recent synchrotron applications in flaxseed research on a molecular basis. The information described in this paper gives better insight in flaxseed research progress and update.

A Glimpse into the Cultural Foundations of Open Innovation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Formica, Piero

2018-01-01

In the knowledge economy, greater togetherness is the prerequisite for innovating and having more: selflessness extends scope while selfishness increases limitations. But human beings are not automatically attracted to innovation: between the two lies culture, and cultural values vary widely, with the egoistic accent or the altruistic intonation…

Trends in the Crowdfunding of Educational Technology Startups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antonenko, Pavlo D.; Lee, Brenda R.; Kleinheksel, A. J.

2014-01-01

This article presents an analysis of active crowdfunding campaigns posted on ten crowdfunding platforms in May 2013 to provide a glimpse of the recent trends in the crowdfunding of educational technology startups. We describe the characteristics of the most successful crowdfunding campaigns in educational technology and identify the most popular…

An Audit of Medication Administration: A Glimpse into School Health Offices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canham, Daryl L.; Bauer, Laurie; Concepcion, Michelle; Luong, June; Peters, Jill; Wilde, Claudia

2007-01-01

Many students require prescription and nonprescription medication to be administered during the school day for chronic and acute illnesses. School office staff members are typically delegated this task, yet these individuals are unlicensed assistive personnel without medical training. Five school nurses developed and participated in a medication…

A Glimpse of the Solar Eclipse from NREL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2017-08-22

On August 21, the NREL campus in Golden, Colorado experience a near-complete eclipse of the sun. This video, recorded from NREL’s Solar Radiation Research Laboratory, where researchers carefully measure the sun’s energy, captures the moon crossing the sun before clouds move in and cover the sun.

Idaho National Laboratory LDRD Annual Report FY 2012

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dena Tomchak

This report provides a glimpse into our diverse research and development portfolio, wwhich encompasses both advanced nuclear science and technology and underlying technologies. IN keeping with the mission, INL's LDRD program fosters technical capabilities necessary to support current and future DOE-Office of Nuclear Energy research and development needs.

Corpus-Based Investigations of Language Use.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biber, Douglas; And Others

1996-01-01

Examines a representative text corpus to gain insights into language structure and use and to open new areas of linguistic inquiry. Various illustrations are presented that provide a glimpse into the value of corpus-based investigations for increasing one's understanding of language use and imparting insights important for designing effective…

A Glimpse into Secondary Students' Understanding of Functions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brendefur, Jonathan L.; Hughes, Gwyneth; Ely, Robert

2015-01-01

In this article we examine how secondary school students think about functional relationships. More specifically, we examined seven students' intuitive knowledge in regards to representing two real-world situations with functions. We found students do not tend to represent functional relationships with coordinate graphs even though they are able…

Through the Eyes of Laura Ingalls Wilder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowd, Diane

2006-01-01

Laura Ingalls Wilder's purpose in writing the "Little House" books for children illustrate the day-to-day experiences of a girl, and her stories provide glimpses into a young mind's conceptualization of aspects of living that are mathematical in nature, such as geometric and quantitative conceptions, logical reasoning and communication, and…

Glimpses into Pacific Lives: Some Outstanding Women (Revised).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simon-McWilliams, Ethel, Comp.; Green, Karen Reed, Ed.

This booklet provides brief biographies of women who have made outstanding contributions to the social and economic development of these Pacific islands: American Samoa, the Republic of Belau, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Hawaii, the Marshall islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The 66 women profiled include educators, health…

U.S. Preservice Teachers and Their Media Worlds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flores-Koulish, Stephanie A.

2005-01-01

This study provides a baseline of experiences and understandings that undergraduate elementary preservice teachers have with media and popular culture. Through a qualitative investigation, future teachers reveal their childhood and current media habits. What also emerges is a glimpse of their future pedagogical skills related to the media as a…

Glimpses of Dialogue: Transitional Practices in Digitalised Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skaftun, Atle; Igland, Mari-Ann; Husebø, Dag; Nome, Sture; Nygard, Arne Olav

2018-01-01

This socio-culturally informed qualitative study examines digitalised classrooms in Norwegian secondary schools, with a focus on the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) and dialogic aspects of literacy practices. In the article, we foreground two cases: one on the use of digital mind maps and one on a writing…

Law Students Practice in Public.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American School and University, 1981

1981-01-01

The glass walls and observation lounge of Hamline University Law Center's moot court allow passersby to glimpse the action day or night. Faculty offices, secretarial spaces, and several student organizations are housed on the second floor. The brick and masonry exterior was designed to fit in with other campus buildings. (Author/MLF)

Test and Evaluation Project No. 28: Anti-icing Technology, Field Evaluation Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-03-01

The report provides a detailed glimpse at the state-of-the-art of U.S. anti-icing operations, and simultaneous road and weather conditions, prior to the 1996 publication of the anti-icing Manual of Practice. It will be useful to those who wish to exa...

Physiological recordings and RNA sequencing of the gustatory appendages of the yellow-fever mosquito Aedes aegypti

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Electrophysiological recording of action potentials from sensory neurons of mosquitoes provides investigators a glimpse into the chemical perception of these disease vectors. We have recently identified a bitter sensing neuron in the labellum of female Aedes aegypti that responds to DEET and other ...

Solving Optimization Problems with Spreadsheets

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beigie, Darin

2017-01-01

Spreadsheets provide a rich setting for first-year algebra students to solve problems. Individual spreadsheet cells play the role of variables, and creating algebraic expressions for a spreadsheet to perform a task allows students to achieve a glimpse of how mathematics is used to program a computer and solve problems. Classic optimization…

Glimpses into Northwest Lives: Some Outstanding Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simon-McWilliams, Ethel; Caldwell, Fran

Intended as a motivational tool to be used in public school classroom instruction and counseling, this document recognizes some of the outstanding women, from varied ethnic and racial backgrounds, who have contributed to life in the northwestern United States. The document contains succinct biographies of 37 women, and also includes suggestions to…

Effective Learning Approaches for Sustainability: A Student Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erskine, Laura; Johnson, Scott D.

2012-01-01

The authors offer an exploratory glimpse into the perceived effectiveness of learning approaches presently being used to teach students about sustainability in a business school setting. Sustainability is a topic of growing importance in business and business education. Using teaching approaches generated through self-reports related to the…

Mesoamerica Writing at the Crossroads: The Late Formative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stross, Brian

1990-01-01

Offers an overview of Later Formative period writing in Mesoamerica, and discusses recent findings. Asserts that analysis of the iconographic context of the script reveals considerable interdependence between text and context and provides a glimpse of the importance of cosmological considerations in the display of power. Discusses the importance…

A Guided Reinvention of Ring, Integral Domain, and Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, John Paul

2012-01-01

Abstract algebra enjoys a prestigious position in mathematics and the undergraduate mathematics curriculum. A typical abstract algebra course aims to provide students with a glimpse into the elegance of mathematics by exposing them to structures that form its foundation--it arguably approximates the actual practice of mathematics better than any…

A GLIMPSE INTO THE EYE OF THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE AT EPA KATRINA AND RITA

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation was given at the Texas Environmental Health Association Annual Meeting in Round Rock, TX on October 12, 2005. The keynote address was focused on the conditions after Katrins, organizing response, field response, EPA's role in emergency response, what is EPA doi...

Correspondences in Art Education: Approaching Authenticity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zurmuehlen, Marilyn, Ed.

This document excerpts journals of eight artists, as they observe and comment on events in their daily lives. Seemingly mundane moments become aesthetic experiences through their eyes, and rare glimpses are afforded of approaches to learning, teaching, and preliminaries to studio work. The artists included are: (1) Amidon Perfond (edited by…

A Glimpse of Mathematics Education Reforms in the People's Republic of China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swetz, Frank

1978-01-01

The author was a member of a 23-man delegation of mathematics educators that recently toured the People's Republic of China observing the mathematics education scene. This paper describes the author's observations during his tour and discusses the new mathematics climate in China. (Author/MN)

Music Educated and Uprooted: My Story of Rurality, Whiteness, Musicing, and Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shevock, Daniel J.

2016-01-01

This article provides a glimpse into one person's subjective experiences of rurality, Whiteness, musicing, and teaching. Experiences are shared narratively around the central metaphor: roots. This autoethnography was guided by the question: how has the intersection of rurality, Whiteness, and poverty affected my attitudes, actions, and roles…

Contextual Factors and Effective School Improvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sun, Hechuan; Creemers, Bert P. M.; de Jong, Rob

2007-01-01

This research provides policy-makers, researchers, and educators at all levels with a glimpse of the contextual influence on effective school improvement (ESI) in 8 European countries. What are the factors at the contextual level, particularly at the national level, which influence ESI? Are there any similarities or differences between the…

Washington Manual: A New Tool for Local School Accounting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Federal Aid Planner, 1972

1972-01-01

An advance glimpse of the revised financial accounting methods for school districts recommended in a new manual from the U. S. Office of Education. The manual is designed to help school districts modernize their financial accounting procedures and their entire range of fiscal management practices. (Author/DN)

Journey into Problem Solving: A Gift from Polya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lederman, Eric

2009-01-01

In "How to Solve It", accomplished mathematician and skilled communicator George Polya describes a four-step universal solving technique designed to help students develop mathematical problem-solving skills. By providing a glimpse at the grace with which experts solve problems, Polya provides definable methods that are not exclusive to…

Glimpses of Japan through Comics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Caron

Through Japanses comic strips (called "manga" in Japanese) students can gain an appreciation not only for the different sensibilities of the Japanese but for similarities as well. One unit consists of an essay, a comic strip, frame by frame explanations, and questions for discussion. In total, there are nine units because odd numbers are…

Catching Sight of Talk: Glimpses into Discourse Groups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jewett, Pamela; Goldstein, Nancy

2008-01-01

This article reports on a study conducted in a graduate teacher research class with elementary and secondary classroom teachers. Wanting to create a collaborative environment in which their students could use language to support each other's learning, the instructors formed discourse groups. The article introduces a theoretical framework for…

Harvard Education Letter. Volume 25, Number 6, November-December 2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chauncey, Caroline T., Ed.

2009-01-01

"Harvard Education Letter" is published bimonthly by the Harvard Graduate School of Education. This issue of "Harvard Education Letter" contains the following articles: (1) "Platooning" Instruction: Districts Weigh Pros and Cons of Departmentalizing Elementary Schools (Lucy Hood); (2) Behind the Classroom Door: A Rare Glimpse Indicates the…

Intergroup Relations in Integrated Schools: A Glimpse inside Interdistrict Magnet Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bifulco, Robert; Buerger, Christian; Cobb, Casey

2012-01-01

The frequency and quality of intergroup contact within racially and ethnically diverse schools has potentially important implications for the achievement of desegregation goals. The analyses presented here use survey data to assess intergroup contact within a sample of ten interdistrict magnet schools in Connecticut. Findings indicate frequent…

A glimpse at New York's current timber resource

Treesearch

Joseph E. Barnard; Teresa M. Bowers

1969-01-01

Data from the recent Forest Survey of New York reveal a 13-percent increase in commercial forest land area, a 12-percent increase in the cubic-foot volume of growing stock, and a 4-percent decrease in the board-foot volume of growing stock during the 18-year period between surveys.

Doing the Right Thing: Ethical Leadership and Decision Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garza Mitchell, Regina L.

2012-01-01

This chapter explores the relationship between leadership style, ethical orientation, and the AACC competencies. A glimpse of the competencies in practices is provided through the results of interviews with thirteen community college presidents. The findings presented here are culled from a larger study of presidential decision making during…

The GLIMPSE project: Exploring strategies for meeting energy, environmental and climate objectives

EPA Science Inventory

Many of Chinas cities are struggling with high levels of air pollution. At the same time, Chinese planners are seeking to meet growing demands for energy in a manner that meets climate goals. In this presentation, Dr. Loughlin describes the linkages between energy, the environmen...

Literature in Translation for Secondary Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jobe, Ronald A.

Literature in translation can provide English speaking secondary school students with a sensitive glimpse into life in other areas of the world and can be a contributor to international understanding. In such stories as Anne Holm's "I Am David," or "The Hostage," the characters become involved in webs of adventure and play…

Higher Education beyond the United States: A Glimpse of Short-Cycle Higher Education in Other Countries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kintzer, Frederick C.

1992-01-01

Defines short-cycle higher education (postcompulsory, subbaccalaureate education). Identifies characteristics shared by short-cycle systems worldwide and the ways in which individual systems differ. Discusses issues of low esteem, community education, articulation and transfer, business/industry relations, financial support. Offers recommendations…

Albuquerque's Environmental Story.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosner, Joan; And Others

This teachers' resource guide contains four sections in addition to an introduction. The first section is an interdisciplinary look at the major natural areas in and around Albuquerque. This is followed by a review of the city's cultural history and a glimpse into the interactions people of Albuquerque have had with their natural environment. The…

Receptive Vocabulary Measures for EFL Costa Rican High School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castro-Garcia, Damaris

2017-01-01

The study offers a glimpse of the current situation of foreign language education in the Costa Rican context from the perspective of vocabulary knowledge, particularly passive vocabulary size. Students from two institutions participated: one school implements Content Based Teaching while the other follows traditional, Foreign Language Teaching…

Advances in memory research: single-neuron recordings from the human medial temporal lobe aid our understanding of declarative memory.

PubMed

Viskontas, Indre V

2008-12-01

To gain a complete understanding of how the brain functions, both in illness and good health, data from multiple levels of analysis must be integrated. Technical advances have made direct recordings of neuronal activity deep inside the human brain tractable, providing a rare glimpse into cellular processes during long-term memory formation. Recent findings using intracranial recordings in the medial temporal lobe inform current neural network models of memory, and may lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the neural basis of memory-related processes. These recordings have shown that cells in the hippocampus appear to support declarative learning by distinguishing novel and familiar stimuli via changes in firing patterns. Some cells with highly selective and invariant responses have also been described, and these responses seem to represent abstract concepts such as identity, rather than superficial perceptual features of items. Importantly, however, both selective and globally responsive cells are capable of changing their preferred stimulus depending on the conscious demands of the task. Firing patterns of human medial temporal lobe neurons indicate that cells can be both plastic and stable in terms of the information that they code; although some cells show highly selective and reproducible excitatory responses when presented with a familiar object, other cells change their receptive fields in line with changes in experience and the cognitive environment.

Introductory Physics Laboratories for Life Scientists - Hands on Physics of Complex Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Losert, Wolfgang; Moore, Kim

2015-03-01

We have developed a set of laboratories and hands on activities to accompany a new two-semester interdisciplinary physics course that has been successfully implemented as the required physics course for premeds at the University of Maryland. The laboratories include significant content on physics relevant to cellular scales, from chemical interactions to random motion and charge screening in fluids. We also introduce the students to research-grade equipment and modern physics analysis tools in contexts relevant to biology, while maintaining the pedagogically valuable open-ended laboratory structure of reformed laboratories.

British Journal of Biomedical Science in 2015: what have we learned?

PubMed

Blann, Andrew; Nation, Brian

2016-01-01

In 2015, the British Journal of Biomedical Science published 47 reports on topics relating to the various disciplines within biomedical science. Of these, the majority were in infection science (15 in microbiology and two in virology) and blood science (seven in biochemistry, four in haematology, three in immunology and one in transplantation), with a smaller number in cellular sciences (four reports) and with one review across disciplines. The present report will summarise key aspects of these publications that are of greatest relevance to laboratory scientists.

Science Skills Boot Camp Gets Interns Ready for Research | Poster

Cancer.gov

By Ashley DeVine, Staff Writer Summer interns learned how to read a scientific paper, present a poster, maintain a laboratory notebook, and much more, at the Science Skills Boot Camp in June. “It was a great experience, and it was a great opportunity to meet some of the other interns also working on the campus,” said Alyssa Klein, a Werner H. Kirsten student intern in the Cellular Immunology Group, Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation. “The boot camp covered many topics essential to being a good scientist and science researcher.”

KSC-2013-3605

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-09-18

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- An airship from the British Broadcasting Corp., or BBC, flies over Launch Complex 39 past the NASA News Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. A team of scientists from the BBC's television project "Cloud Lab" are conducting a number of experiments aboard the airship as it flies across the U.S., exploring all aspects of the Earth's atmosphere. One of the experiments is NASA's Microorganisms in the Stratosphere, or MIST, which is designed to measure the microbial survival and cellular responses to exposure in the upper atmosphere. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

Behavioral epigenetics

PubMed Central

Lester, Barry M.; Tronick, Edward; Nestler, Eric; Abel, Ted; Kosofsky, Barry; Kuzawa, Christopher W.; Marsit, Carmen J.; Maze, Ian; Meaney, Michael J.; Monteggia, Lisa M.; Reul, Johannes M. H. M.; Skuse, David H.; Sweatt, J. David; Wood, Marcelo A.

2013-01-01

Sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and the University of Massachusetts Boston, “Behavioral Epigenetics” was held on October 29–30, 2010 at the University of Massachusetts Boston Campus Center, Boston, Massachusetts. This meeting featured speakers and panel discussions exploring the emerging field of behavioral epigenetics, from basic biochemical and cellular mechanisms to the epigenetic modulation of normative development, developmental disorders, and psychopathology. This report provides an overview of the research presented by leading scientists and lively discussion about the future of investigation at the behavioral epigenetic level. PMID:21615751

Fundamentals--Rudolf Virchow and modern medicine.

PubMed Central

Reese, D M

1998-01-01

The 19th century pathologist Rudolf Virchow was a physician, scientist, and revolutionary. The preeminent medical investigator of his day, Virchow remains best-known for his theory of cellular pathology, which laid the conceptual foundation for modern scientific medicine. Less appreciated are Virchow's numerous accomplishments in public health, anthropology, and European politics, including his quest for social justice and democracy in Imperial Germany. The study of Virchow's life and writings may provide contemporary physicians with a powerful role model as we grapple with the complexities of the modern medical enterprise. PMID:9735691

Proteomics in India: A Report on a Brainstorming Meeting at Hyderabad, India

PubMed Central

Chatterjee, Bhaswati; Makarov, Alexander; Clemmer, David E.; Steen, Hanno; Steen, Judith; Saffell-Clemmer, Wendy; Moghekar, Abhay R.; Mohan Rao, Chintalagiri; Bradshaw, Ralph A.; Thakur, Suman S.

2016-01-01

The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India, was host for an international forum, or “brainstorming meeting,” on proteomics held in November 2014, which provided the opportunity to showcase proteomic science in India and to allow discussions between Indian scientists and students and several international visitors. This provided an amalgamation of speakers and participants whose interests lay mainly in developing and using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics to advance their research work. A week-long workshop with hands-on training in proteomic methodology followed the meeting. PMID:27114450

Geocoded data structures and their applications to Earth science investigations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldberg, M.

1984-01-01

A geocoded data structure is a means for digitally representing a geographically referenced map or image. The characteristics of representative cellular, linked, and hybrid geocoded data structures are reviewed. The data processing requirements of Earth science projects at the Goddard Space Flight Center and the basic tools of geographic data processing are described. Specific ways that new geocoded data structures can be used to adapt these tools to scientists' needs are presented. These include: expanding analysis and modeling capabilities; simplifying the merging of data sets from diverse sources; and saving computer storage space.

[Outstanding problems of normal and pathological morphology of the diffuse endocrine system].

PubMed

Iaglov, V V; Iaglova, N V

2011-01-01

The diffuse endocrine system (DES)--a mosaic-cellular endoepithelial gland--is the biggest part of the human endocrine system. Scientists used to consider cells of DES as neuroectodermal. According to modem data cells of DES are different cytogenetic types because they develop from the different embryonic blastophyllum. So that any hormone-active tumors originated from DES of the digestive, respiratory and urogenital system shouldn't be considered as neuroendocrinal tumors. The basic problems of DES morphology and pathology are the creation of scientifically substantiated histogenetic classification of DES tumors.

Interpreting BOLD: towards a dialogue between cognitive and cellular neuroscience.

PubMed

Hall, Catherine N; Howarth, Clare; Kurth-Nelson, Zebulun; Mishra, Anusha

2016-10-05

Cognitive neuroscience depends on the use of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to probe brain function. Although commonly used as a surrogate measure of neuronal activity, BOLD signals actually reflect changes in brain blood oxygenation. Understanding the mechanisms linking neuronal activity to vascular perfusion is, therefore, critical in interpreting BOLD. Advances in cellular neuroscience demonstrating differences in this neurovascular relationship in different brain regions, conditions or pathologies are often not accounted for when interpreting BOLD. Meanwhile, within cognitive neuroscience, the increasing use of high magnetic field strengths and the development of model-based tasks and analyses have broadened the capability of BOLD signals to inform us about the underlying neuronal activity, but these methods are less well understood by cellular neuroscientists. In 2016, a Royal Society Theo Murphy Meeting brought scientists from the two communities together to discuss these issues. Here, we consolidate the main conclusions arising from that meeting. We discuss areas of consensus about what BOLD fMRI can tell us about underlying neuronal activity, and how advanced modelling techniques have improved our ability to use and interpret BOLD. We also highlight areas of controversy in understanding BOLD and suggest research directions required to resolve these issues.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interpreting BOLD: a dialogue between cognitive and cellular neuroscience'. © 2016 The Author(s).

Proteomics Insights into Autophagy.

PubMed

Cudjoe, Emmanuel K; Saleh, Tareq; Hawkridge, Adam M; Gewirtz, David A

2017-10-01

Autophagy, a conserved cellular process by which cells recycle their contents either to maintain basal homeostasis or in response to external stimuli, has for the past two decades become one of the most studied physiological processes in cell biology. The 2016 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Biology awarded to Dr. Ohsumi Yoshinori, one of the first scientists to characterize this cellular mechanism, attests to its importance. The induction and consequent completion of the process of autophagy results in wide ranging changes to the cellular proteome as well as the secretome. MS-based proteomics affords the ability to measure, in an unbiased manner, the ubiquitous changes that occur when autophagy is initiated and progresses in the cell. The continuous improvements and advances in mass spectrometers, especially relating to ionization sources and detectors, coupled with advances in proteomics experimental design, has made it possible to study autophagy, among other process, in great detail. Innovative labeling strategies and protein separation techniques as well as complementary methods including immuno-capture/blotting/staining have been used in proteomics studies to provide more specific protein identification. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in proteomics studies focused on autophagy. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Meeting Report: International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History II

PubMed Central

Lee, Seung‐Jae V.; Nam, Hong Gil

2015-01-01

The second International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History was held at the campus of Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea, from May 14 to 16, 2014. Many leading scientists in the field of aging research from all over the world contributed to the symposium by attending and presenting their recent work and thoughts. The aim of the symposium was to stimulate international collaborations and interactions among scientists who work on the biology of aging. In the symposium, the most recent and exciting work on aging research was presented, covering a wide range of topics, including the genetics of aging, age‐associated diseases, and cellular senescence. The work was conducted in various organisms, including C. elegans, mice, plants, and humans. Topics covered in the symposium stimulated discussion of novel directions for future research on aging. The meeting ended with a commitment for the third International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History, which will be held in 2016. PMID:26115541

Meeting Report: International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History II.

PubMed

Artan, Murat; Hwang, Ara B; Lee, Seung V; Nam, Hong Gil

2015-06-01

The second International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History was held at the campus of Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea, from May 14 to 16, 2014. Many leading scientists in the field of aging research from all over the world contributed to the symposium by attending and presenting their recent work and thoughts. The aim of the symposium was to stimulate international collaborations and interactions among scientists who work on the biology of aging. In the symposium, the most recent and exciting work on aging research was presented, covering a wide range of topics, including the genetics of aging, age-associated diseases, and cellular senescence. The work was conducted in various organisms, includingC. elegans, mice, plants, and humans. Topics covered in the symposium stimulated discussion of novel directions for future research on aging. The meeting ended with a commitment for the third International Symposium on the Genetics of Aging and Life History, which will be held in 2016.

PDGF-AA-induced filamentous mitochondria benefit dermal papilla cells in cellular migration.

PubMed

Mifude, C; Kaseda, K

2015-06-01

Human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) play essential roles in hair follicular morphogenesis and postnatal hair growth cycles. Previous reports demonstrated that platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) enhanced the formation of dermal condensates in hair follicular development. Additionally, PDGF-AA induces/maintains the anagen phase of the hair cycle. It is likely that mitochondrial morphology and functions are tightly coupled with maintenance of these energy-demanding activities. However, little is known about the mitochondrial regulation in HDPCs. Thus, we investigated the PDGF-involved mitochondrial regulation in HDPCs. The mitochondrial morphologies of HDPCs were examined in the presence or absence of PDGF-AA under a fluorescent microscope. ATP production and cellular motility were investigated. The relationship between mitochondrial morphology and the cellular functions was discussed. We observed that primary HDPCs contained mitochondria with filamentous and/or rounded morphologies. Both types of mitochondria showed similar membrane potentials. Interestingly, in the presence of PDGF-AA, but not PDGF-BB, the balance between the two morphologies shifted towards the filamentous form. Concomitantly, both mitochondrial enzymatic activity and total cellular ATP level were augmented by PDGF-AA. These two parameters were closely correlated, suggesting the mitochondrial involvement in the PDGF-augmented ATP production. Moreover, PDGF-AA accelerated the migration of HDPCs in a gap-filling assay, but did not change the rate of cellular proliferation. Notably, filamentous mitochondria dominated migrating HDPCs. PDGF-AA benefits HDPCs in the process of migration, by increasing the number of filamentous mitochondria. © 2014 Society of Cosmetic Scientists and the Société Française de Cosmétologie.

A Multicultural Social Studies Series. Book 2. Asia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kwok, Irene; Sung, Robert

This text is designed for students continuing in the Chinese Bilingual Pilot Program, ESEA Title VII, at the seventh grade level. The text introduces different cultural aspects and general knowledge of Asia, and is divided into twenty-five lessons, having the following headings: Glimpses of Asia; Monsoon; Malaysia; Borneo; Asian Countries; Caste…

Educational Attainment in the United States: 2003. Population Characteristics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoops, Nicole

2004-01-01

The population in the United States is becoming more educated, but significant differences in educational attainment remain with regard to age, sex, race, and origin. Nevertheless, the educational attainment of young adults (25 to 29 years), which provides a glimpse of our country's future, indicates dramatic improvement by groups who have…

Career Satisfaction of Postdoctoral Researchers in Relation to Their Expectations for the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van der Weijden, Inge; Teelken, Christine; de Boer, Moniek; Drost, Mariske

2016-01-01

While postdoctoral researchers (postdocs) are an increasingly important and productive group of employees in academia, they lack further career prospects and embeddedness within their organizations. This paper provides a rare glimpse into this relatively unexplored but important group. A comparative study of two Dutch universities included a…

"What Language Are You?" A Glimpse into Multilingual Childhoods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cox, Robyn

2015-01-01

The first paper in this collection refers to recent theorising about Globalisation and the resultant outcomes for educational contexts specifically in relation to English language learning in Australia. Much has been written about the importance of the global economy, its influence on education and mounting commentary that the English language is…

Toward a Vision of the Future Role of Technology in Literacy Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Labbo, Linda D.

This paper examines how technological innovations are likely to play a role in effective literacy education. The first section introduces three key factors, i.e., definition of literacy, predominate learning theory, and classroom communicative technologies. The second section lays the groundwork with brief glimpses of how the three key factors…

The role of futures forecasts in recreation: some applications in the third nationwide outdoor recreation plan

Treesearch

Meg Maguire; Dana R. Younger

1980-01-01

This paper provides a quick glimpse into the theoretical applicability and importance of futures forecasting techniques in recreation policy planning. The paper also details contemporary socioeconomic trends affecting recreation, current recreation participation patterns and anticipated social changes which will alter public recreation experiences as developed in the...

Teacher, I Had a Dream: A Glimpse of the Spiritual Domain of Children Using Project-Based Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Kathleen

2013-01-01

Children's dreams have the potential to awaken feelings, question attitudes and inspire new learning experiences to deepen awareness of spiritual development. Both guidance and spiritual environments created by nurturing educators and parents foster dreams that captivate and motivate children to increase their spiritual self-awareness, leading…

State Analysis: A Control Architecture View of Systems Engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rasmussen, Robert D.

2005-01-01

A viewgraph presentation on the state analysis process is shown. The topics include: 1) Issues with growing complexity; 2) Limits of common practice; 3) Exploiting a control point of view; 4) A glimpse at the State Analysis process; 5) Synergy with model-based systems engineering; and 6) Bridging the systems to software gap.

Finding Our Stride: Young Women Professors of Educational Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hewcomb, Whitney Sherman; Beaty, Danna M.; Sanzo, Karen; Peters-Hawkins, April

2013-01-01

This work is grounded in the literature on women in the academy and offers glimpses into four young women professors' experiences in the field of educational leadership. We utilized reflective practice and interpersonal communication to create a dialogue centered on three qualitative research questions that allows a window into our lives. We…

Building Humans and Dances: Exploring Cultural Relevancy as Teaching Artists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gerdes, Ellen V. P.; VanDenend Sorge, Teresa

2015-01-01

As dance educators in Philadelphia's schools and instructors of dance pedagogy at the university level, the authors offer a glimpse into their teaching practices as a resource for others. The co-authors have a collective twenty years of teaching experience in urban environments, from Shanghai to Chicago, and Philadelphia, where they met as…

Flexible Workstyles: A Look at Contingent Labor. Conference Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC.

This report summarizes the presentations and discussions at a conference on contingent labor sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor. The first two sections are introductory: (1) "Introduction to the Role of Contingent Labor" (Kathleen Christensen, Mary Murphree); and (2) "Between Now and the Year 2000: A Glimpse of the Workplace" (Jill Houghton…

Struggling in Suburbia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, David McKay

2012-01-01

In Denver's western suburbs, a social studies teacher thought up a novel approach to teaching her students the unsettling realities of urban homelessness. She assigned them the task of sleeping overnight in the backseat of the family car. But the assignment held a surprise in store for the teacher--one that provides a glimpse into the reality of…

Advocating Science for All: An Interview with Peter J. Fensham

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardellini, Liberato

2013-01-01

After providing some glimpses of his private life, Peter Fensham, a leading figure of the prestigious Faculty of Education, Monash University (and now emeritus professor at Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia), gives some suggestions about the conditions that help students to learn meaningfully. He began his career in the field of physical…

A Glimpse of Global Learning: Assessing Student Experiences and Institutional Commitments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kinzie, Jillian; Matross Helms, Robin; Cole, James

2017-01-01

Colleges and universities must ensure that graduates are equipped to succeed in the global workforce. What do we know about the extent to which institutions are designing international activities, providing students with direct experience of different cultures and courses on global topics, and ensuring that graduates acquire global learning…

A Glimpse of Tibet, the Roof of the World.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wyman, Judy

This unit, intended for secondary students, provides a general introduction to Tibetan history and culture. The unit consists of this written text and a slide program. This text could be used alone as a source of background informational reading. The major objective of the unit is to give preliminary explanations encouraging further research on…

Organic Creativity and the Faustian Bargain: Reconciling Opposites

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sriraman, Bharath

2017-01-01

The aim of this article is to provide the reader, or anyone interested in creativity, a glimpse into the findings of existing psychological and psychiatric literature on manic depression, its occurrence in creative individuals, ways in which it manifests and affects their functioning and creative output (positively and negatively), and the lessons…

Peace Education: Glimpses from the EUPRA Conference in Firenze. Peace Education Reports No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bjerstedt, Ake, Ed.

This report presents the material from a workshop on peace education that was part of a conference sponsored by the European Peace Research Association (EUPRA). Two papers, "Research as a Tool for Peace Education" (Alberto L'Abate) and "Promoting Commitment to Peace and Environmental Responsibility" (Riitta Wahlstrom), are…

Applying Cognitive Neuroscience Research to Education: The Case of Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Katzir, Tami; Pare-Blagoev, Juliana

2006-01-01

Neuroscience has provided fascinating glimpses into the brain's development and function. Despite remarkable progress, brain research has not yet been successfully brought to bear in many fields of educational psychology. In this article, work on literacy serves as a test case for an examination of potential future bridges linking mind, brain, and…

Catching a Glimpse of the Future: One Year on in a Youth String Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Power, Anne M.; Powell, Sarah J.

2016-01-01

The provision of musical experiences for youth, especially in low socio-economic areas (SES), requires funded support and imaginative resourcing. This paper presents data from the Penrith (NSW Australia) Youth String Program offered in partnership by the Australian Chamber Orchestra (ACO), Penrith Symphony Orchestra (PSO) and The Joan Sutherland…

Character Education as a Theme of Progressivist Schooling in Interwar Ontario

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christou, Theodore Michael

2013-01-01

The progressivist education reforms that swept across Canada's Ontario province during the interwar periods of the late 1930s included a focus on character education, social justice, and social reconstruction. This article offers a glimpse at the evolution of school curriculum and values associated with school education, with increasing emphasis…

Potato Genome Sequencing: A Short Glimpse of the Non-Repetitive.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Potato is the world’s number one vegetable crop. The potato is a member of the Solanaceae family that contains other crops such tomato pepper and eggplant as well as model species tobacco and petunia. Tomato is both an important crop as well as a model species for genetic and physical genomic info...

Hope for High Risk Infants and Their Families: A Glimpse at Three Demonstration Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keeling, Maud; And Others

The pamphlet describes three Hogg Foundation-funded Texas programs (one exclusively hospital-based, one hospital-based with extensive linkages to community resources, and one community-based) which serve predominantly high-risk, low-income Mexican American families. First described are social work services connected with the Driscoll Foundation…

Morbid and Insight Poetry: A Glimpse at Schizophrenia through the Window of Poetry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakare, Muideen Owolabi

2009-01-01

Creativity, language, and psychotic disorders may share a common neurological and evolutionary background. These processes are uniquely human and may converge in poetic expression that illuminates the inner world of patients suffering from schizophrenia. Two types of poetry that may be written by patients with schizophrenia are identified as…

A Developmental Study of Shape Integration Over Space and Time.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Enns, James T.; Girgus, Joan S.

1986-01-01

Three experiments with observers aged 6 to 21 years of age examined the integration of shape information over successive glances. Results indicated age-related improvements in the sequential integration of shape information, both when integration occurs through successive glimpses over space and when information is separated only in time. (HOD)

A Glimpse into a State Technical College System's POS Pathways

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frazier, Stephanie D.; Swygert, N. Maria

2012-01-01

The South Carolina Technical College System (SCTCS) has embraced POS, providing students across the state with pathways into careers ranging from nuclear systems technology to health care to industrial technology. The SCTCS has strived, over the last 50 years, to foster a bridge between business and education. The colleges coordinate and…

NASA Scientific Forum on Climate Variability and Global Change: UNISPACE 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schiffer, Robert A.; Unninayar, Sushel

1999-01-01

The Forum on Climate Variability and Global Change is intended to provide a glimpse into some of the advances made in our understanding of key scientific and environmental issues resulting primarily from improved observations and modeling on a global basis. This publication contains the papers presented at the forum.

The Tactics of Hope

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cytrynbaum, Pamela

2010-01-01

In this article, the author provides an intimate glimpse into the writing work that Joe Cytrynbaum did with students from Manley Career Academy High School in Chicago. The author's discussion of Joe's "tactics of hope" is layered and brought to life by Joe's poetry and the poetry of his students. The author presents Joe's poems and the…

Inside Urban Charter Schools: Promising Practices and Strategies in Five High-Performing Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merseth, Katherine K.

2009-01-01

"Inside Urban Charter Schools" offers an unprecedentedly intimate glimpse into the world of charter schools by profiling five high-performing urban charter schools serving predominantly low-income, minority youth in Massachusetts. Interviews, focus groups, and classroom observations conducted over the course of two years flesh out rich…

A Glimpse of Family Acceptance for Queer Hmong Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ngo, Bic; Kwon, Melissa

2015-01-01

This article draws on in-depth qualitative interviews with two queer Hmong immigrant youth to explore experiences of family care, support, and acceptance. It offers an alternative to discourses of family rejection. It illustrates the ways in which Hmong youth are constructing queer identities while maintaining close relationships to blood family.…

Piecing Together Family Social Work in Mainland China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sim, Timothy

2008-01-01

As rapid economic and sociopolitical development brings about drastic changes in family structure and processes in China, many social concerns arise. Through a review of journal articles published over a period of 28 years (1979-2006) in social work and related disciplines in China, this article presents a glimpse of family social work using the…

Teachers' Views on Integrating Faith into Their Professional Lives: A Cross-Cultural Glimpse

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahn, Joonkil; Hinson, Danny W.; Teets, Sharon T.

2016-01-01

AILACTE institutions are often linked to faith-based traditions, and teacher education candidates may attend these institutions as a result of their sense of calling to the profession. However, most graduates of teacher education programs teach in religiously neutral environments. With the high expectations of professional standards for the…

The Lighter Side of Staff Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bacall, Aaron

2004-01-01

As educators, we often take ourselves a bit too seriously, so veteran educator and illustrator Aaron Bacall offers a little perspective with these lighthearted cartoons. Whether used as overheads for meetings or as an individual break in a busy day, this collection of whimsical glimpses at staff development will provide a moment to laugh and add a…

This Is How We Do It: A Glimpse at Gamelab's Design Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daer, Alice J.

2010-01-01

This article explicates the ways that developers working at an independent game company in New York City organized their development process around a deep concern for how players make meaning from their games. Two designers' descriptions of their processes are used to illustrate the company's commitment to developing games that invite…

A Glimpse of Challenges and Benefits Associated with Collaborative Postgraduate Programmes in Sub-Saharan African Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mundia, Lisho C.

2017-01-01

The paper presents empirical findings on the potential benefits and challenges associated with collaborative postgraduate programs between African universities. It reflects the empirical benefits and challenges towards a collaborative master in the fields of Earth Observation, Geographical Information Science (GIS) and Remote Sensing. The research…

The Feasibility of a Common Course in Early Childhood Teacher Preparation Programs. Research Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott-Little, Catherine; La Paro, Karen M.; Thomason, Amy C.; Pianta, Robert C.; Hamre, Bridget; Downer, Jason; Burchinal, Margaret; Howes, Carollee

2011-01-01

This study offers a glimpse into the feasibility and potential benefits of offering a common course across multiple institutions of higher education. The research-based course was designed to enhance students' knowledge and beliefs regarding intentional teaching practices in language and literacy instruction. Researchers found evidence that a…

Looking East: A Rare Glimpse at Theatre Education in China.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leptak-Moreau, Jeffrey

1997-01-01

Recounts how a delegation of 23 American theater educators took a two-week tour of Chinese theater companies and schools. Finds that although all theater takes years of training in China, there is little performance by youngsters; and that few professional companies have audience development activities or school performances. Describes traditional…

Kanbay's Global Leadership Development Program: A Case Study of Virtual Action Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsh, Catherine; Johnson, Carrie

2005-01-01

This study examines action learning as a vehicle for the transfer of organizational values in a multi-cultural, virtual-team based leadership development process. A Case Study of Kanbay International's Global Leadership Development Program is used as a lens through which HRD researchers and practitioners may glimpse new possibilities for the…

The Continuing Campus Divide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Terry

2005-01-01

A dean resigns and a search committee for his replacement is selected and begins its job. This simple act occurs regularly on campuses throughout the nation. Periodically, though, things happen that disturb the business-as-usual cycle of such searches and provide a glimpse into problems that fester below the surface. In this article, Terry Jones…

Fun & Games

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobs, Amy; Kohl, Julie

2007-01-01

This article discusses how math skills, teamwork and higher-level thinking come together when students create strategic board games. In this article, the authors provide a glimpse of what it was like to be part of "To the Sun!," a game designed by students in the fifth-grade class at Olive Martin School in Lake Villa, IL. Students combined a math…

Against Raising Hope of Raising the Dead: Contra Moody and Kubler-Ross.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vicchio, Stephen J.; And Others

1979-01-01

Kubler-Ross and Moody have made assertions about survival after death. They argued that the subjects were not dead, but in the process of dying. An alternative explanation to this "glimpse of the afterlife" approach is offered. Other theological objections are raised to the Moody/Kubler-Ross approach. (Author)

GLIMPSE: A GCAM-USA-based tool for supporting coordinated energy and environmental planning

EPA Science Inventory

GCAM-USA is an integrated assessment model, meaning that it simulates the interactions among human and earth systems. GCAM-USA is derived from GCAM, which represents the U.S. as one region within a 32-region global model. GCAM-USA subdivides the U.S. region into 50 states and the...

A Glimpse beyond State Lines: Student Outcomes from WICHE's Multistate Longitudinal Data Exchange Pilot Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bransberger, Peace

2014-01-01

This report presents findings from Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education's (WICHE) "Multistate Longitudinal Data Exchange Pilot" ("MLDE" or "Exchange"), which includes an array of analyses of the combined dataset covering 192,689 students from the four states (Hawai'i, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) that…

Identification of Minerals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allison, Diane

2005-01-01

The lab described in this article was developed to satisfy two major goals. First, the activity is designed to show students the proper techniques used to identify the seven characteristics of all minerals. Second, the lab gives students a glimpse into the life of a professional field geologist. The author has students complete this lab at the end…

Searching for Deeper Meaning in Children's Drawings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soundy, Cathleen S.

2012-01-01

Children delight in "giving voice" to their drawings. If provided the opportunity, children can express powerful and imaginative ideas and make meaning through visual and verbal modes. When adults spend time talking with children about their artwork, they see glimpses of imagination at work, as well as effective uses of language. This article will…

A Glimpse into the Thinking of Young New Zealanders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamb, Hilary

In 1984, New Zealand tested 12- and 13- year-old and 15- and 16-year old students as part of the International Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) tests. Although weaknesses appeared at both age levels in the organization of material, particularly in argumentative and expository writing, students could write functional letters competently…

Drinking Water Disinfection By-Product Rules and Climate Change Effects - A Glimpse of Current and Future Trends

EPA Science Inventory

"Drinking water quality at the consumer's tap is the center piece of U.S. drinking water regulations to protect people's health. Recently promulgated Stage II DBP rules are an example, which requires a system approach in a multi-barrier strategy for compliance and risk managemen...

PROLOG to the Future: A Glimpse of Things to Come in Artificial Intelligence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herther, Nancy K.

1986-01-01

Briefly introduces the programming languages of artificial intelligence and presents information on some of the new versions of these languages available for microcomputers. A tutorial for PROLOG-86, a new microcomputer version of PROLOG, is given. Information on other microcomputer versions of these programs and a bibliography are included.…

Disabled People in Japanese Community.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kojima, Yoko, Ed.; And Others

The volume is intended to give readers a glimpse of the day-to-day life of disabled people in Japan. Eight brief papers present life experiences of a mentally retarded preschooler, severely disabled children, a child with muscular dystrophy, a young girl with polio living in the community, visually disabled and recovering mentally ill people…

Angular Declination and the Dynamic Perception of Egocentric Distance

PubMed Central

Gajewski, Daniel A.; Philbeck, John W.; Wirtz, Philip W.; Chichka, David

2014-01-01

The extraction of the distance between an object and an observer is fast when angular declination is informative, as it is with targets placed on the ground. To what extent does angular declination drive performance when viewing time is limited? Participants judged target distances in a real-world environment with viewing durations ranging from 36–220 ms. An important role for angular declination was supported by experiments showing that the cue provides information about egocentric distance even on the very first glimpse, and that it supports a sensitive response to distance in the absence of other useful cues. Performance was better at 220 ms viewing durations than for briefer glimpses, suggesting that the perception of distance is dynamic even within the time frame of a typical eye fixation. Critically, performance in limited viewing trials was better when preceded by a 15 second preview of the room without a designated target. The results indicate that the perception of distance is powerfully shaped by memory from prior visual experience with the scene. A theoretical framework for the dynamic perception of distance is presented. PMID:24099588

The Milky Way Project: Mapping star formation in our home Galaxy, one click at a time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jayasinghe, Tharindu K.; Povich, Matthew S.; Dixon, Don; Velasco, Jose; Milky Way Project Team

2017-01-01

In the recent years, citizen science has helped astronomers comb through large data sets to identify patterns and objects that are not easily found through automated processes. The Milky Way Project (MWP), a popular citizen science initiative, presents internet users with images from the GLIMPSE, MIPSGAL, SMOG and CYGNUS-X surveys of the Galactic plane using the Spitzer Space Telescope. These citizen scientists are directed to make "classification" drawings on the images to identify targeted classes of astronomical objects. We present an updated data reduction pipeline for the MWP. Written from the ground up in Python, this data reduction pipeline allows for the aggregation of classifications made by MWP users into catalogs of infrared (IR) bubbles, IR bow shocks and “yellowballs” (which may be the early precursors of IR bubbles). Coupled with the more accurate bubble classification tool used in the latest iterations of the MWP, this pipeline enables for better accuracy in the shapes and sizes of the bubbles when compared with those listed in the first MWP data release (DR1). We obtain an initial catalog of over 4000 bubbles using 2 million user classifications made between 2012 and 2015. Combined with the classifications from the latest MWP iteration (2016-2017), we will use a database of over 4 million classifications to produce a MWP DR2 bubble catalog. We will also create the first catalog of candidate IR bow shocks identified through citizen science and an updated “yellowball” catalog. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants CAREER-1454334 and AST-1411851.

Did Students Get It? Self-Assessment as Key to Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louis, Patricia; Harada, Violet H.

2012-01-01

As the school librarian at Aliamanu Elementary School, Patty (Patricia Louis) has focused on assessment with her teachers and students as a means to improve teaching and learning. Over the years, Patty and Vi (Violet Harada) have formed a collegial mentoring relationship, and this article provides a glimpse of what both discovered about building…

Microstructure-Property-Design Relationships in the Simulation Era: An Introduction (PREPRINT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Astronautics (AIAA) paper #1026. 20. Dimiduk DM (1998) Systems engineering of gamma titanium aluminides : impact of fundamentals on development strategy...microstructure-sensitive design tools for single-crystal turbine blades provides an accessible glimpse into future computational tools and their data...requirements. 15. SUBJECT TERMS single-crystal turbine blades , computational methods, integrated computational materials 16. SECURITY

A Glimpse into Urban Middle Schools on Probation for "Persistently Dangerous" Status: Identifying Malleable Predictors of Fighting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Vanya C.; Bradshaw, Catherine P.; Haynie, Denise L.; Simons-Morton, Bruce G.; Gielen, Andrea C.; Cheng, Tina L.

2009-01-01

The No Child Left Behind Act requires state boards of education to identify schools that are unsafe. Schools that are identified by measures such as suspension and expulsion rates are subsequently labeled "persistently dangerous." To our knowledge there is no published research that attempts to characterize fighting behavior among youths…

Beyond the Science Kit: Inquiry in Action.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saul, Wendy, Ed.; Reardon, Jeanne, Ed.

The essays in this book are about values that are being used to drive science instruction in remarkable ways. The essays are divided into three sections. The first section contains two essays about science kits and determines the problem that the rest of the book addresses. The essays in the second section offer a glimpse of what five teachers see…

Clifford Malcolm: Glimpses of His South African Legacy of Hope

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Govender, Nadaraj; Ramsuran, Anitha; Dhunpath, Rubby

2008-01-01

This article reviews the contributions of Cliff Malcolm while in South Africa during the period 1997-2005. It focuses on his contribution to the fields of science education, teacher education, learner-centered education, transformational outcomes-based education and HIV/AIDS education. In this paper we provide snapshots of his work as an academic,…

K-8 Virtual Schools: A Glimpse into the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Revenaugh, Mickey

2006-01-01

Virtual courses and schools--in which the student and the teacher are in different locations--have become commonplace at the university and high school level. Public, full-time virtual schooling for younger students, however, is still on the frontier of education. About a dozen states now offer full-time virtual schools among their public school…

Child Support: The Dilemma of a Nation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Welch, Carol; And Others

This paper presents an overview of the development of child support in America. A review of the English common law from which U.S. laws evolved provides a glimpse into the ways that institutions of marriage and the family were viewed in the 19th century. The development of American law reflects the transformation of family structure by…

Soda Pop Fizz-ics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coffey, Tonya

2008-01-01

This paper is a brief summary of an "open-ended" physics experiment that gave my students a glimpse of what real physics research is like. They found it to be both fun and challenging. The subject of the experiment is the well-known Diet Coke and Mentos reaction. A more detailed description of the experimental results has been published elsewhere.

Cardiac stem cell biology: glimpse of the past, present, and future.

PubMed

Matsa, Elena; Sallam, Karim; Wu, Joseph C

2014-01-03

Cardiac regeneration strategies and de novo generation of cardiomyocytes have long been significant areas of research interest in cardiovascular medicine. In this review, we outline a variety of common cell sources and methods used to regenerate cardiomyocytes and highlight the important role that key Circulation Research articles have played in this flourishing field.

The Cinematic Genesis of the Mel Casas Humanscape, 1965-1967

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cordova, Ruben C.

2011-01-01

The 153 paintings that San Antonio-based artist Mel Casas calls Humanscapes were inspired by a glimpse of a drive-in movie screen. This article treats the first three years of work on this series, a period in which the artist referenced cinematic settings and audiences while registering aspects of the sexual revolution. Marshall McLuhan's…

The Draft National Curriculum for Primary Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Ian

2012-01-01

Draft curriculum documents offer a glimpse of the future. They demand a response as all too often the devil is in the detail. What are the devils and maybe demons that await primary mathematics? This forensic consideration of the content of the draft curriculum for primary mathematics catalogues a lack of evidence to underpin proposals. Is the…

Integrating Psychology and Philosophy: A Brief Analysis of "The Blessing of a Skinned Knee"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hu, Yali

2016-01-01

A brief analysis of "The Blessing of a Skinned Knee" gives a glimpse of beliefs and practices cherished by the family that attempts to employ Jewish teachings to raise children. The child nurturing and rearing practices are in a degree enlightening and supplementing the existing literature in education. Prevention with the inspiration…

Technology and Teacher Education: A Brief Glimpse of the Research and Practice That Have Shaped the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakir, Nesrin

2016-01-01

Technology integration, an integral component of teaching and learning, has been widely investigated during the past several decades as teacher education programs have struggled to implement and model best teaching technology integration practices in the preparation of pre-service teachers. Initiatives led by educational organizations at the…

Thinking out Loud about Teaching Bioethics: A Contribution from the Edge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solberg, Mary M.

2005-01-01

Teaching bioethics might be likened to a rollercoaster ride of twists, turns, and dips that invite teachers and students to experience something of their own edges of fear and comfort. Here the author provides readers with a glimpse into her distinctive approach to teaching bioethics that encourages students to move beyond boundaries of personal…

Challenging the Premises of International Policy Reviews: An Introduction to the Review Symposium

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feinstein, Noah Weeth; Laessoe, Jeppe; Blum, Nicole; Chambers, Dianne

2013-01-01

In 2009, a think tank called the International Alliance of Leading Education Institutes (IALEI) announced the results of a study entitled Climate Change and Sustainable Development: The Response from Education. Intended for a policy audience, the study offered a glimpse into the status of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and an early…

The College Payoff: Education, Occupations, Lifetime Earnings. Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carnevale, Anthony P.; Rose, Stephen J.; Cheah, Ban

2011-01-01

Education and earnings interact in complex and often unexpected ways--but there are rules to the game. "The College Payoff," a new paper from the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, uses in-depth data analysis to identify, illuminate and elucidate those rules. This executive summary provides a glimpse of the education and…

Photometric variability of the Be star population with the KELT survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Labadie-Bartz, Jonathan; Pepper, Joshua; Chojnowski, S. Drew; McSwain, M. Virginia

2017-11-01

We are using light curves from the KELT exoplanet transit survey (Pepper et al. 2007) to study the variability of hundreds of Be stars. Combining these light curves with simultaneous time-series spectra from the APOGEE survey (Majewski et al. 2015) provides a glimpse into how changes in the circumstellar environment are correlated to brightness variations.

Enriching Sociology 100: Using the Novel "Things Fall Apart"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartman, Cheryl J.

2005-01-01

The author has been teaching Introduction to Sociology for several years, and each semester new students bring their own perspectives to the study of sociology, making the content fresh and new. In order to help students understand sociological concepts in more experiential ways and to give them a glimpse into a culture that may be different from…

"Work and Leisure in Country Schools in Wyoming." Country School Legacy: Humanities on the Frontier.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gulliford, Andrew; And Others

The country school legacy of Wyoming is rich in history, folklore, and tradition. Materials (many anecdotal) gathered from school records, oral histories, autobiographies, and memoirs provide glimpses into the diverse and demanding role of frontier teachers (who were mostly female and, by contract requirement, usually single) and the work and…

Linda Sue Park: A Writer Found

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pierpont, Katherine

2004-01-01

This article profiles Newbery Award-winning author Linda Sue Park, a special breed of author who writes so convincingly about the past it is as if she herself has actually lived these stories from a time long gone. She has provided such spectacular glimpses into Korea's storied past with books such as "A Single Shard" (Clarion, 2001),…

Sixty-Year Career in Solar Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fang, C.

2018-05-01

This memoir reviews my academic career in solar physics for 60 years, including my research on non-LTE modeling, white-light flares, and small-scale solar activities. Through this narrative, the reader can catch a glimpse of the development of solar physics research in mainland China from scratch. In the end, some prospects for future development are given.

Saudi Women in Higher Education: A Glimpse into Their World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roskey, Carol B.

2006-01-01

In this article, the author states that working with colleagues in another country always provides a challenge, even if it is nothing more than time zones and a different culture. To ease communication, it is important to know as much as possible about the other country beforehand, including learning about the population, literacy rates, birth…

American History on the Screen: A Teacher's Resource Book on Film and Video.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Wendy S.; Herman, Gerald H.

For many students, films and television provide not only a chief source of entertainment, but their only glimpse of history outside of a formal classroom. This book aims to stimulate media awareness and critical viewing skills in students through lessons in critical analysis and historical interpretation of selected films. The films chosen for…

New Directions for IR, the DQP, and Tuning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jankowski, Natasha A.; Marshall, David W.

2015-01-01

This concluding essay provides a glimpse to the future and alerts IR professionals to related initiatives as well as provides an update to ongoing work with DQP and Tuning. Pulling from the prior chapters it provides some implications for IR offices to consider, not only in their work with the DQP and Tuning, but in terms of general decision…

"What Say These Young Ones": Students' Responses to Shakespeare--An Icon of Englishness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balinska-Ourdeva, Vessela; Johnston, Ingrid; Mangat, Joyti; McKeown, Brent

2013-01-01

Challenging the taken-for-granted status of canonical authors, especially Shakespeare, is difficult, but not impossible. This research offers a glimpse into the inferential processes of a group of grade ten students from diverse backgrounds who read unfamiliar passages from Shakespeare. The findings reveal a complex picture of meaning-making,…

"Loko i'a": Enriching Educational Waters for Hawaiian Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sumida, Anna Y.

2005-01-01

In this article, the author proposes to offer a glimpse into the practical challenges of teaching literacy in a public school setting where students enter classrooms at various stages of reading readiness. The author begins with the case of Kahea, a kindergarten student reading at an emergent literacy level, as an illustration of some of the…

Consuming Prose: The Delectable Rhetoric of Food Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bloom, Lynn Z.

2008-01-01

Food writing, like cooking, offers control over at least a small slice of an otherwise refractory world. As practiced by writers so good that whether they can cook or not is beside the point, food writing is most often upbeat and nurturing, providing successes and triumphs--modest and major--for readers to feast on, with occasional glimpses of…

Derald Wing Sue: From All of the Places We've Been

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parham, Thomas A.

2011-01-01

The personal and professional accomplishments of one of psychology's most accomplished and prolific scholars are profiled in this article. Dr. Derald Wing Sue is a familiar name to many who traverse the landscape of multicultural counseling and Asian American psychology issues. Yet this article affords the reader a rare glimpse into the mindset of…

Triadic Relations in a Game of Pachisi

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wu, Zhaohui; Choi, Thomas Y.

2013-01-01

A triad is the smallest network form where one can study how a link affects a link or a node affects a link indirectly connected. Through triads, one can glimpse the more complex relational dynamics in larger networks. Studies of various triadic relationships have gained growing interest among OM scholars in recent years as both researchers and…

A Culture of Learning: Inside a Living-Learning Center

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kranzow, Jeannine; Hinkle, Sara E.; Muthiah, Richard; Davis, Colin

2015-01-01

Exploring the culture of a living-learning center, this study examines the educational practices that aim to link in- and out-of-class experiences. Through a cultural lens, the authors offer a glimpse into a living-learning center located within a state institution in the Midwest that models a way of effectively connecting the curricular and…

Taking Stock of Private-School Choice: Scholars Review the Research on Statewide Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Patrick J.; Harris, Douglas N.; Berends, Mark; Waddington, R. Joseph; Austin, Megan

2018-01-01

In the past few years, four states have established programs that provide public financial support to students who choose to attend a private school. These programs--a tax-credit-funded scholarship initiative in Florida and voucher programs in Indiana, Louisiana, and Ohio--offer a glimpse of what expansive statewide choice might look like. What…

Soda Pop Fizz-ics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coffey, Tonya

2008-11-01

This paper is a brief summary of an "open-ended" physics experiment that gave my students a glimpse of what real physics research is like. They found it to be both fun and challenging. The subject of the experiment is the well-known Diet Coke and Mentos reaction. A more detailed description of the experimental results has been published elsewhere.2

Initial Scene Representations Facilitate Eye Movement Guidance in Visual Search

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castelhano, Monica S.; Henderson, John M.

2007-01-01

What role does the initial glimpse of a scene play in subsequent eye movement guidance? In 4 experiments, a brief scene preview was followed by object search through the scene via a small moving window that was tied to fixation position. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the scene preview resulted in more efficient eye movements compared with a…

Torsional Oscillations and Waves Projected on the Wall

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartlett, Albert A.

2008-01-01

The article "Torsional Oscillations with Lorentz Force" by Paul Gluck provides a glimpse into the major world of ancient physics demonstrations in the late 19th and first half of the 20th centuries. The apparatus that was described and similar pieces of apparatus are the basis for many memorable but long forgotten educational demonstrations. The…

Old Tails and New Trails in High Dimensions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halevy, Avner

2013-01-01

We discuss the motivation for dimension reduction in the context of the modern data revolution and introduce a key result in this field, the Johnson-Lindenstrauss flattening lemma. Then we leap into high-dimensional space for a glimpse of the phenomenon called concentration of measure, and use it to sketch a proof of the lemma. We end by tying…

"Is That How I Really Sound?": Using iPads for Fluency Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ness, Molly

2017-01-01

This teaching tip showcases how students use iPads to video record themselves orally reading. In the Record, Listen, Reflect process, students conduct repeated readings with a familiar text, watch the recorded video, and conduct running records on themselves. Having an opportunity to watch videos of their own reading gives students a glimpse of…

Art and the Western Experience: A Source of Information for American History Classes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beardsley, Donna A.

Early European and Euro-American artists documented the land, people, flora, and fauna of western North America. These artists gave Europeans and eastern Americans their first glimpse of the west. Because artists were important to the early explorers and topographers of the west, this document advocates study of western art and artists as an…

Cognitive Processes at Work in CALL

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vinther, Jane

2005-01-01

The seminal work by Ericsson and Simon established verbal reports as a genuine way to get a glimpse into the "black box" of the workings of the human mind, and it is now recognised as a method of value in the pursuit of new knowledge relating to, for instance, learner strategies, cognitive strategies, human-computer interaction, and functionality…

Grace and Courtesy and Beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaefer, Pat

2015-01-01

Taking up the cause of grace and courtesy across the planes of education, Pat Schaefer tells of the grace and courtesy of successive planes within a school culture and gives a glimpse of how the Montessori vision of a new society can look. Grace and courtesy go well beyond the practice of manners and into the topic of deep observation and…

Nanotechnology for the forest products industry: vision and technology roadmap

Treesearch

Inc. Atlanta Prepared by Energetics

2005-01-01

Nanotechnology is defined as the manipulation of materials measuring 100 nanometers or less in at least one dimension. Nanotechnology is expected to be a critical driver of global economic growth and development in this century. Already, this broad multi-disciplinary field is providing glimpses of exciting new capabilities, enabling materials, devices, and systems that...

The Big Apple's Core: Exploring Manhattan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Groce, Eric C.; Groce, Robin D.; Colby, Susan

2005-01-01

Children are exposed to a wide variety of images related to New York City through various media outlets. They may have seen glimpses of Manhattan by watching movies such as Spiderman or Stuart Little or by taking in annual television events such as the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade or the Times Square New Year's Eve celebration. Additionally,…

McCain Emphasizes School Choice, Accountability, but Lacks Specifics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoff, David J.

2008-01-01

Buried deep within the campaign Web site of Senator John McCain, the Arizona Republican explains the principles that define his K-12 agenda: choice, accountability, and teacher quality. But his 25-year congressional record and statements in his current campaign do give a glimpse of what Senator McCain--better known for his views on defense and…

The China Educational Development Yearbook, Volume 2. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Yearbooks: Educational Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dongping, Yang, Ed.; Chungqing, Chai, Ed.

2010-01-01

The second volume of the English-language The China Educational Development Yearbook offers international scholars a glimpse into key issues in Chinese education today from the perspective of Chinese academics, practitioners, and applied researchers. An edited translation of the 2009 volume of the Chinese-language "Blue Book of…

Upward Bound: Campaigns Soar, in Ambitions and Scope, as Donor Requirements Grow More Exacting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyers, Harriet

2012-01-01

In this article, the author discusses how campaigns soar, in ambitions and scope, as donor requirements grow more exacting. For a glimpse at the direction in which college and university fundraising campaigns are headed, take a look at the University of Colorado. The university system's foundation is conducting its most ambitious campaign, joining…

Glimpsing God on the Rocky Road of Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Court, Deborah

2007-01-01

Culture connects people seamlessly with those who share their cultural backgrounds and divides them in often inexplicable ways from those who do not. Native culture is known largely at a tacit level, its values, assumptions, and beliefs so much a part of the people that they live them but do not see them. A cross-cultural experience can sometimes…

A Guide to the Film "BULLY": Fostering Empathy and Action in Schools. A Facing History and Ourselves Guide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sigward, Daniel

2013-01-01

The film "BULLY" follows five stories of children and families who are affected deeply by bullying within the course of a school year. With intimate glimpses into homes, classrooms, cafeterias, and principals' offices, the film offers insight into the lives of bullied, ridiculed children. Historically, seemingly small instances of…

Proteomics in India: A Report on a Brainstorming Meeting at Hyderabad, India.

PubMed

Chatterjee, Bhaswati; Makarov, Alexander; Clemmer, David E; Steen, Hanno; Steen, Judith; Saffell-Clemmer, Wendy; Moghekar, Abhay R; Mohan Rao, Chintalagiri; Bradshaw, Ralph A; Thakur, Suman S

2016-07-01

The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India, was host for an international forum, or "brainstorming meeting," on proteomics held in November 2014, which provided the opportunity to showcase proteomic science in India and to allow discussions between Indian scientists and students and several international visitors. This provided an amalgamation of speakers and participants whose interests lay mainly in developing and using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics to advance their research work. A week-long workshop with hands-on training in proteomic methodology followed the meeting. © 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Pathogens under scrutiny in the south of France

PubMed Central

Caldeira, Sandra; Dumenil, Guillaume

2010-01-01

The first EMBO workshop on Emerging Themes in Infection Biology was held last June in the South of France. It gathered scientists working on various pathogens from viruses and bacteria to larger eukaryotic fungi and parasites. Topics included not only the crosstalk between pathogens and their hosts but also the tools researchers are using to study and image such cellular and molecular conversations. “So it is said that if you know your enemies and know yourself, you can win a hundred battles without a single loss.” The Art of War, Sun Tzu PMID:20677210

Conference highlights of the 15th international conference on human retrovirology: HTLV and related retroviruses, 4-8 june 2011, Leuven, Gembloux, Belgium

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

The June 2011 15th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Viruses marks approximately 30 years since the discovery of HTLV-1. As anticipated, a large number of abstracts were submitted and presented by scientists, new and old to the field of retrovirology, from all five continents. The aim of this review is to distribute the scientific highlights of the presentations as analysed and represented by experts in specific fields of epidemiology, clinical research, immunology, animal models, molecular and cellular biology, and virology. PMID:22035054

Integrated Micro/nanoengineered Functional Biomaterials for Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology: A Materials Perspective

PubMed Central

Shao, Yue

2014-01-01

The rapid development of micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials in the last two decades has empowered materials scientists and bioengineers to precisely control different aspects of the in vitro cell microenvironment. Following a philosophy of reductionism, many studies using synthetic functional biomaterials have revealed instructive roles of individual extracellular biophysical and biochemical cues in regulating cellular behaviors. Development of integrated micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials to study complex and emergent biological phenomena has also thrived rapidly in recent years, revealing adaptive and integrated cellular behaviors closely relevant to human physiological and pathological conditions. Working at the interface between materials science and engineering, biology, and medicine, we are now at the beginning of a great exploration using micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials for both fundamental biology study and clinical and biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine and drug screening. In this review, we present an overview of state of the art micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials that can control precisely individual aspects of cell-microenvironment interactions and highlight them as well-controlled platforms for mechanistic studies of mechano-sensitive and -responsive cellular behaviors and integrative biology research. We also discuss the recent exciting trend where micro/nanoengineered biomaterials are integrated into miniaturized biological and biomimetic systems for dynamic multiparametric microenvironmental control of emergent and integrated cellular behaviors. The impact of integrated micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials for future in vitro studies of regenerative medicine, cell biology, as well as human development and disease models are discussed. PMID:24339188

Sirtuins in dermatology: applications for future research and therapeutics.

PubMed

Serravallo, Melissa; Jagdeo, Jared; Glick, Sharon A; Siegel, Daniel M; Brody, Neil I

2013-05-01

Sirtuins are a family of seven proteins in humans (SIRT1-SIRT7) that are involved in multiple cellular processes relevant to dermatology. The role of sirtuins in other organ systems is established. However, the importance of these proteins in dermatology is less defined. Recently, sirtuins gained international attention because of their role as "longevity proteins" that may extend and enhance human life. Sirtuins function in the cell via histone deacetylase and/or adenosine diphosphate ribosyltransferase enzymatic activity that target histone and non-histone substrates, including transcription regulators, tumor suppressors, structural proteins, DNA repair proteins, cell signaling proteins, transport proteins, and enzymes. Sirtuins are involved in cellular pathways related to skin structure and function, including aging, ultraviolet-induced photoaging, inflammation, epigenetics, cancer, and a variety of cellular functions including cell cycle, DNA repair and proliferation. This review highlights sirtuin-related cellular pathways, therapeutics and pharmacological targets in atopic dermatitis, bullous dermatoses, collagen vascular disorders, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hypertrophic and keloid scars, cutaneous infections, and non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer. Also discussed is the role of sirtuins in the following genodermatoses: ataxia telangiectasia, Cowden's syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, Rubenstein-Taybi, Werner syndrome, and xeroderma pigmentosum. The pathophysiology of these inherited diseases is not well understood, and sirtuin-related processes represent potential therapeutic targets for diseases lacking suitable alternative treatments. The goal of this review is to bring attention to the dermatology community, physicians, and scientists, the importance of sirtuins in dermatology and provide a foundation and impetus for future discussion, research and pharmacologic discovery.

Constructing Failure: Leonard Hayflick, Biomedicine, and the Problems with Tissue Culture.

PubMed

Park, Hyung Wook

2016-07-01

By examining the use of tissue culture in post-war American biomedicine, this paper investigates how scientists experience and manage failure. I study how Leonard Hayflick forged his new definition of failure and ways of managing it by refuting Alexis Carrel's definition of failure alongside his theory of the immortality of cultured cells. Unlike Carrel, Hayflick claimed that every vertebrate somatic cell should eventually die, unless it transformed into a tumour cell. This claim defined cell death, which had been a problem leading to a laboratory failure, as a normal phenomenon. On the other hand, permanent life, which had been considered a normal cellular characteristic, became a major factor causing scientific failure, since it implied malignant transformation that scientists hoped to control. Hayflick then asserted that his cell strains and method would partly enable scientists to manage this factor-especially that occurred through viral infection-alongside other causes of failure in routine tasks, including bacterial contamination. I argue that the growing biomedical enterprise fostered this work of Hayflick's, which had repercussions in both his career and the uses of cells in diverse investigations. His redefinition of failure in the age of biomedicine resulted in the broad dissemination of his cells, medium, and method as well as his long struggle with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which caused his temporarily failed career.

Electric currents and fields induced in cells in the human brain by radiation from hand-held cellular telephones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

King, Ronold W. P.

2000-01-01

After a review of recent work on the interaction of electromagnetic fields from cellular telephones with the human head, the structural and radiating properties of two common types of transceivers are determined. These include the impedance and current amplitude distribution of the antennas. The tangential electric field maintained by the antennas on the adjacent surface of the head is next determined. From this, the electric field propagating through the skull into the brain is analyzed and, from it, the electric field in spherical and long cylindrical cells is determined. It ranges from 27 to 13.5 V/m in the first 3 cm inside the skull. Of interest is the fact that the induced field in the interior of all cells, regardless of their shape, is the same as the incident field in the brain. It is hoped that biomedical scientists will review these results and determine possible biological effects.

Years in Cologne.

PubMed

Rajewsky, Klaus

2013-01-01

This review describes the building and scientific activity of the Immunology Department at the Institute for Genetics in Cologne, cofounded by Max Delbrück in post-World War II Germany. The protagonist, a child of Russian emigrants, became interested in antibodies as a postdoc at the Pasteur Institute in Paris and a proponent of the antigen-bridge model of T-B cell collaboration during his early time in Cologne. He was challenged by the gap between cellular immunology and molecular genetics and profited from the advances of the latter as well as postwar economic growth in Germany. The Immunology Department became a place, and little universe in itself, where young scientists from all over the world came together to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of antibody formation. This included work on normal and malignant B cells in the human, particularly the origin of Hodgkin lymphoma, but the main focus was on B cell development and homeostasis, the germinal center reaction, and immunological memory, developing recombinase-assisted and conditional gene targeting in mice as a main technical tool.

Decipher the Molecular Response of Plant Single Cell Types to Environmental Stresses

DOE PAGES

Nourbakhsh-Rey, Mehrnoush; Libault, Marc

2016-01-01

The analysis of the molecular response of entire plants or organs to environmental stresses suffers from the cellular complexity of the samples used. Specifically, this cellular complexity masks cell-specific responses to environmental stresses and logically leads to the dilution of the molecular changes occurring in each cell type composing the tissue/organ/plant in response to the stress. Therefore, to generate a more accurate picture of these responses, scientists are focusing on plant single cell type approaches. Several cell types are now considered as models such as the pollen, the trichomes, the cotton fiber, various root cell types including the root hairmore » cell, and the guard cell of stomata. Among them, several have been used to characterize plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Lastly, in this review, we are describing the various -omic studies performed on these different plant single cell type models to better understand plant cell response to biotic and abiotic stresses.« less

How the Venus flytrap actively snaps: hydrodynamic measurements at the cellular level

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Colombani, Mathieu; Forterre, Yoel; GEP Team

2012-11-01

Although they lack muscle, plants have evolved a remarkable range of mechanisms to create rapid motion, from the rapid folding of sensitive plants to seed dispersal. Of these spectacular examples that have long fascinated scientists, the carnivorous plant Venus flytrap, whose leaves snap together in a fraction of second to capture insects, has long been a paradigm for study. Recently, we have shown that this motion involves a snap-buckling instability due to the shell-like geometry of the leaves of the trap. However, the origin of the movement that allows the plant to cross the instability threshold and actively bend remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate this active motion using a micro-fluidic pressure probe that gives direct hydraulic and mechanical measurements at the cellular level (osmotic pressure, cell membrane permeability, cell wall elasticity). Our results challenge the role of osmotically-driven water flows usually put forward to explain Venus flytrap's active closure.

Decipher the Molecular Response of Plant Single Cell Types to Environmental Stresses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nourbakhsh-Rey, Mehrnoush; Libault, Marc

The analysis of the molecular response of entire plants or organs to environmental stresses suffers from the cellular complexity of the samples used. Specifically, this cellular complexity masks cell-specific responses to environmental stresses and logically leads to the dilution of the molecular changes occurring in each cell type composing the tissue/organ/plant in response to the stress. Therefore, to generate a more accurate picture of these responses, scientists are focusing on plant single cell type approaches. Several cell types are now considered as models such as the pollen, the trichomes, the cotton fiber, various root cell types including the root hairmore » cell, and the guard cell of stomata. Among them, several have been used to characterize plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Lastly, in this review, we are describing the various -omic studies performed on these different plant single cell type models to better understand plant cell response to biotic and abiotic stresses.« less

Evolutionary game theory: cells as players.

PubMed

Hummert, Sabine; Bohl, Katrin; Basanta, David; Deutsch, Andreas; Werner, Sarah; Theissen, Günter; Schroeter, Anja; Schuster, Stefan

2014-12-01

In two papers we review game theory applications in biology below the level of cognitive living beings. It can be seen that evolution and natural selection replace the rationality of the actors appropriately. Even in these micro worlds, competing situations and cooperative relationships can be found and modeled by evolutionary game theory. Also those units of the lowest levels of life show different strategies for different environmental situations or different partners. We give a wide overview of evolutionary game theory applications to microscopic units. In this first review situations on the cellular level are tackled. In particular metabolic problems are discussed, such as ATP-producing pathways, secretion of public goods and cross-feeding. Further topics are cyclic competition among more than two partners, intra- and inter-cellular signalling, the struggle between pathogens and the immune system, and the interactions of cancer cells. Moreover, we introduce the theoretical basics to encourage scientists to investigate problems in cell biology and molecular biology by evolutionary game theory.

iSeeChange: Crowdsourced Climate Change Reporting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drapkin, J. K.

2012-12-01

Directly engaging local communities about their climate change experiences has never been more important. As weather and climate become more unpredictable, these experiences provide a baseline for community decisions, developing adaptation strategies, and planning for the future. Typically, climate change is documented in a top-down fashion: a scientist has a question, makes observations, and publishes a study; in the best case scenario, a journalist reports on the results; if there's time, a local anecdote is sought to put the results in a familiar context. iSeeChange, a public media project funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, reports local environmental change in reverse and turns community questions and conversations with scientists into reported stories that promote opportunities to learn about climate change's affects on the environment and daily life. iSeeChange engages residents of the North Fork Valley region of western Colorado in a multiplatform conversation with scientists about how they perceive their environment is changing through the course of a year - season to season. By bringing together public radio, a mobile reporting and cellular engagement strategy, and a custom crowdsourcing multimedia platform, iSeeChange provides a central access point to collect observations (texts, photographs, voice recordings, and video), organize conversations and interviews with scientists, and report stories online and on air. In this way, iSeeChange is building a dynamic crowdsourced reservoir of information that can increase awareness of environmental problems and potentially disseminate useful information about climate change and successful adaptation strategies. Ultimately, by understanding the community's information needs in a localized question-driven context, the iSeeChange platform presents opportunities for the science community to better understand the value of information and develop better ways to tailor information for communities to use in the future.t;

SensorKit: A Flexible and Extensible System for In-Situ Data Acquisition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, F.; Deschon, A.; Chang, J.; Westrich, S.; Cho, Y. H.; Gullapalli, S.; Benzel, T.; Graham, E. A.

2009-12-01

Over the years, sensor networks technology has evolved tremendously and has great potential in environmental sensing applications. However, because sensor networks are usually designed and built by computer scientists and engineers with little input from the scientific community, the resulting technology is often complex and out of reach for most field scientists. A few sensor, and data logger vendors have released data acquisition systems that can be used with their products. Unfortunately, these are generally vendor-specific, requiring scientists with heterogeneous sensors to use multiple systems to acquire data from all their sensors. A few, more generic systems, are compatible with multiple brands. However, these often offer only limited functionality, little flexibility, and no extensibility. We built SensorKit to overcome these limitations and to accelerate the adoption of sensor networks by field scientists. Using a simplicity-through-sophistication approach, we provide scientists with a powerful tool for field data collection. SensorKit is hardware agnostic, and was built using commercial off-the-shelf components. By employing a Linux-based ultra low-power generic embedded processing platform with a variety of dataloggers (including Berkeley motes, National Instruments' Compact RIOs, as well as legacy and newer PakBus-based Campbell data loggers), we support requirements from a large number of scientists. The user interfaces are designed to be intuitive so that most scientists can deploy, configure, and operate the system without extensive training. Working in close collaboration with field scientists allowed us to better understand scientific requirements and ensure system relevancy. The requirements for data acquisition, data storage, and data communication vary significantly for each deployment. Data acquisition needs to include capabilities for different analog, digital, and other complex sensors (e.g. cameras, and robotic sensors). Moreover, the sensors may be geographically dispersed, requiring the use of a local sensor network for moving data at the site. Data storage has to accommodate varying sampling rates from several times a second, to once every hour (or longer), and handle situations where data is accumulated for several days or even weeks at a time. Additionally, different deployments require the use of varying communication technologies (e.g. satellite, cellular, long range radios, wi-fi, etc) and while some scientists need live access to their data, others are able to tolerate delays of hours, if not days. Finally, power and environmental conditions can have great influence in the type of data acquisition and communication technology that can be used at a certain site. During the past few years, we have used a spiral build, deploy, and revise approach in order to verify our design and incorporate what we have learned at each deployment. In this poster, we present our system architecture, how SensorKit has been used by scientists in a number of places around the world, and how it has evolved over time, adapting to a wide range of deployment requirements in order to accommodate different scientific applications.

Mineral Time Capsules on Mars?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schirber, Michael

2006-01-01

Like dinosaur-age insects trapped in amber, biomolecules sequestered in million-year-old sulfate minerals could provide a glimpse into the past, say researchers who've recently analyzed such minerals from N orth America. The same minerals have recently been discovered on Mars , so they may be a good place to look for traces of past life on the red planet, the researchers say.

Parental Rights and the Foster Care System: A Glimpse of Decision Making in Virginia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McWey, Lenore M.; Henderson, Tammy L.; Alexander, Jenny Burroughs

2008-01-01

Using ecological theory and a mixed-methods approach, the authors examined family-court interactions for foster care decisions made in Virginia across three policy periods: 1980 to 1993, 1994 to 1997, and 1997 to present (N = 95). For the first and last policy periods, quantitative analyses revealed significant differences in the rates at which…

Mars curiosity mission

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-08-04

NASA welcomed hundreds of children and accompanying adults to its INFINITY visitor center on Aug. 4, offering Mars-related activities that focused attention on the space agency's Curiosity mission to the Red Planet. Among other attractions, 3-D images from Mars provided 'Wow!' glimpses of the Red Planet. In addition to the Mars activities, visitors were able to tour other space-related exhibits at the center.

Can We Really Make a Difference? Exploring Pre-Service Teachers' Experience with Socio-Scientific Issues Aiming for Democratic Participation in Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, Kristin Leigh

2012-01-01

Responding to calls for an empirical glimpse into a socioscientific issues (SSI)-based curriculum that aims to promote democratic participation, enhance students' connections to science, and empower students for the betterment of society (Dos Santos, 2008; Sadler, Barab, & Scott, 2007; Tal & Kedmi, 2006; Fusco & Barton, 2001; Hodson, 2003), this…

Building a Linked Learning Pathway: A Guide for Transforming High Schools for College and Career Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atterbury, Rob

2014-01-01

This guide provides an overview of a more robust online guide and toolkit available through ConnectEd Studios. It supplies a glimpse of the sequence of steps involved in creating a new Linked Learning pathway. This publication can help coaches, district leadership, and pathway teams gain an understanding of the overall process of designing and…

The Agony and the Ecstasy: Current Status of Hispanic Individuals' Achievement in Higher Education and Earnings - With a Glimpse to the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Los Santos, Gilberto; Asgary, Nader; Nazemzadeh, Asghar; DeShields, Jr., Oscar W.

2005-01-01

Some projections about Hispanic individuals point to a rosy picture regarding gains in higher educational enrollment. Other studies lament that these gains are, at best, minimal. Although the so-called higher education pie is undoubtedly expanding, this article concludes that Hispanic adults are losing, rather than gaining, educational attainment…

Special Issue: 3D Printing for Biomedical Engineering.

PubMed

Chua, Chee Kai; Yeong, Wai Yee; An, Jia

2017-02-28

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has a long history of applications in biomedical engineering. The development and expansion of traditional biomedical applications are being advanced and enriched by new printing technologies. New biomedical applications such as bioprinting are highly attractive and trendy. This Special Issue aims to provide readers with a glimpse of the recent profile of 3D printing in biomedical research.

From Learning to Labour to Learning for Marginality: School Segregation and Marginalization in Swedish Suburbs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beach, Dennis; Sernhede, Ove

2011-01-01

In this article, using data from ethnographic research, we try to present some glimpses of the way education is described as an experience and possibility "from below", by pupils who grow up and study in schools in the most segregated and territorially stigmatized suburbs on the outskirts of our major cities. What we feel they describe…

P.S. for Post-Soviet: A Glimpse to a Life of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gevorgianiene, Violeta; Sumskiene, Egle

2017-01-01

This article focuses on the situation of persons with intellectual disabilities in the developing post-Soviet countries and aims to review the extent to which services offered to them promote values of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and empower these persons to lead fulfilling lives. Interviews with experts revealed that…

Teaching about Genocide in a New Millennium

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, James G.

2007-01-01

The "Darfur is Dying" website was the winning entry of a contest called Darfur Digital Activist, launched by MTV's 24-hour college network (mtvU). The site describes the winning game as "a narrative-based simulation where the user negotiates forces that threaten the survival of his or her refugee camp. It offers a faint glimpse of what it is like…

What Ratemyprofessors.com Reveals about How and Why Students Evaluate Their Professors: A Glimpse into the Student Mind-Set

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartman, Katherine B.; Hunt, James B.

2013-01-01

This study examines RateMyProfessors.com ratings and comments as a form of electronic word-of-mouth communications. The data represent 2,371 user ratings and comments for 442 marketing professors from 51 U. S. colleges and universities. Qualitative comments were analyzed using updated thematic content analyses. The results indicate significant…

Physicians in Literature: Three Portrayals

PubMed Central

Cameron, Ian A.

1986-01-01

Literature can provide an objective glimpse of how the public perceives physicians. Physicians have been recipients of the full range of human response in literature, from contempt to veneration. This article examines the impressions of three authors: Mark Twain, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, and Arthur Hailey. Their descriptions provide insight into the complex relationship physicians have with their colleagues and patients. PMID:21267273

Economic Revival: The Key to the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea’s Survival

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources ...20 F. HEAVY RELIANCE ON DONORS ............................................................21 G. GLIMPSE OF CHANGE...economic zones (SEZ). Finally, the DPRK will have to focus on agricultural policy changes before heavy industries along with limiting free speech and

The Intersection of Social Presence and Impression Management in Online Learning Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Houtman, Eveline; Makos, Alexandra; Meacock, Heather-Lynne

2014-01-01

In our day-to-day routines, we are being asked to extend ourselves into virtual environments that capture mere glimpses of who we are and what we think. As education focuses on the development of online learning environments, we are once again asked to recreate ourselves for another environment. This article explores aspects of social presence and…

In Harmony with the Child: The Steiner Teacher as Co-Leader in a Pedagogical Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Philip A.; Woods, Glenys J.

2006-01-01

This article provides a glimpse into what it means to be a Steiner teacher, drawing on research we have undertaken into Steiner schools in England. The distinctiveness of the philosophical context of Steiner teaching is highlighted, as well as aspects of curriculum, pedagogy and the collegial leadership of Steiner schools. Whilst not without its…

Tagging for Subject Access: A Glimpse into Current Practice by Vendors, Libraries, and Users

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Sharon Q.

2012-01-01

The study looked into the 307 Koha libraries listed in Breeding's Library Technology Guides. Since all the tag clouds in Koha are user-contributed, their adoption and usage can shed light on the extent to which libraries are supporting user tagging. The research also revealed that public library users are more actively involved in tagging than…

Human Machine Interfaces for Teleoperators and Virtual Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Durlach, Nathaniel I. (Compiler); Sheridan, Thomas B. (Compiler); Ellis, Stephen R. (Compiler)

1991-01-01

In Mar. 1990, a meeting organized around the general theme of teleoperation research into virtual environment display technology was conducted. This is a collection of conference-related fragments that will give a glimpse of the potential of the following fields and how they interplay: sensorimotor performance; human-machine interfaces; teleoperation; virtual environments; performance measurement and evaluation methods; and design principles and predictive models.

Assistive Technology for Students with Learning Disabilities: A Glimpse of the Livescribe Pen and Its Impact on Homework Completion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harper, Kelly A.; Kurtzworth-Keen, Kristin; Marable, Michele A.

2017-01-01

This research investigated the effectiveness of an assistive technology tool, the Livescribe Pen (LSP), with an elementary student identified with dyslexia. Using interview and focus group methodologies over the span of one academic year, the study probed the perceptions of teachers, parent, and child. While the LSP was primarily utilized for…

The Politics of Performative Resignification: Translating Judith Butler's Theoretical Discourse and Its Potential for a Sociology of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hey, Valerie

2006-01-01

More than any other recent social theorist, constructing a disquisition on Butler's ideas draws the writer into speculating on the formation of their own intellectual grammar, perhaps to confront the disconcerting truth of how often their own cherished analytical rationality is broken up by glimpses into the imagination of more provocative…

A Glimpse into the Effectiveness of L2-Content Cross-Curricular Collaboration in Content-Based Instruction Programmes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lo, Yuen Yi

2015-01-01

In content-based instruction (CBI) programmes, students learn content subjects through a second language (L2), so that they can incidentally learn the language. To further facilitate students' L2 development, the collaboration between L2 and content subject teachers has been strongly advocated. Previous research on such kind of collaboration…

The Perspective of Six Malaysian Students on Playing Video Games: Beneficial or Detrimental?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baki, Roselan; Yee Leng, Eow; Wan Ali, Wan Zah; Mahmud, Rosnaini; Hamzah, Mohd. Sahandri Gani

2008-01-01

This study provides a glimpse into understanding the potential benefits as well as harm of playing video games from the perspective of six Malaysian secondary school students, aged 16-17 years old. The rationale of the study is to enable parents, educators, administrators and policy makers to develop a sound understanding on the impact of playing…

A Deeper Glimpse into the National Core Arts Standards for General Music

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaffini, Erin Dineen

2018-01-01

The National Core Arts Standards in general music provide some exciting possibilities for music growth and understanding among our students. For those of us who are still unsure of how to read the standards or implement them in our classrooms, the standards also present some challenges for music educators. This article provides a deeper look into…

The Emerging Engineering Scholar: A Citation Analysis of Theses and Dissertations at Western Michigan University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckel, Edward J.

2009-01-01

Can one glimpse the development of emerging scholars in the work of engineering graduate students? To answer this question, the author studied the citation patterns in 96 Master's theses and 24 Ph.D. dissertations completed at Western Michigan University's College of Engineering and Applied Sciences between 2002 and 2006. The hypothesis of this…

Glimpsing Speech in the Presence of Nonsimultaneous Amplitude Modulations from a Competing Talker: Effect of Modulation Rate, Age, and Hearing Loss

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fogerty, Daniel; Ahlstrom, Jayne B.; Bologna, William J.; Dubno, Judy R.

2016-01-01

Purpose: This study investigated how listeners process acoustic cues preserved during sentences interrupted by nonsimultaneous noise that was amplitude modulated by a competing talker. Method: Younger adults with normal hearing and older adults with normal or impaired hearing listened to sentences with consonants or vowels replaced with noise…

Exploring U.S. Westward Expansion in the Elementary and Middle School Curriculum through Tall Tales

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Almerico, Gina M.; Martin, Nicole; Masuck, William; Strickland, Cynthia; Thomas, Jessica

2012-01-01

Teaching social studies in the elementary and middle school curriculum is enhanced by incorporating quality children's and adolescent literature and strategies that bring the human element into play. American tall tales are a genre unique to the history of our nation and provide a glimpse into the way early settlers of the west envisioned heroism…

Replacement vs. Renovation: The Reincarnation of Hubble Middle School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogurek, Douglas J.

2010-01-01

At the original Hubble Middle School, neither the views (a congested Roosevelt Road and glimpses of downtown Wheaton) nor the century-old facility that offered them was very inspiring. Built at the start of the 20th century, the 250,000-square-foot building was converted from Wheaton Central High School to Hubble Middle School in the early 1980s.…

Letters From the Public: A Portrait of Popular Astronomy in Mexico (1918-1947)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biro, S.

2011-10-01

The letters that Joaquín Gallo received while he was director of the National Astronomical Observatory (OAN) allow us glimpses of astronomy in Mexican popular culture in the first half of the 20th century. An examination of the interests and motivations of the authors of these letters produces a portrait of the Mexicans interested in astronomy.

A Glimpse into the Life of William W. Brickman

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brickman, Chaim Mann

2010-01-01

In this article, the author shares a little background on the life of William W. Brickman as his adoptive father. His father's parents immigrated to the United States from Jedwabne, northern Russian Poland around 1908. His father was born on June 30, 1913 in a tenement house located at 200 Eldridge Street on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. His…

Rapid Resumption of Interrupted Search Is Independent of Age-Related Improvements in Visual Search

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lleras, Alejandro; Porporino, Mafalda; Burack, Jacob A.; Enns, James T.

2011-01-01

In this study, 7-19-year-olds performed an interrupted visual search task in two experiments. Our question was whether the tendency to respond within 500 ms after a second glimpse of a display (the "rapid resumption" effect ["Psychological Science", 16 (2005) 684-688]) would increase with age in the same way as overall search efficiency. The…

Looking Back and Looking Forward: A Glimpse of Blended Learning in Higher Education from 2007-2017

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Maurice; Vaughan, Norman; Ghani, Shehzad K.; Atas, Sait; Fairbrother, Michael

2018-01-01

Using an engagement in research approach this article explores the landscape of blended learning in higher education over the last decade by comparing the results of a critical literature review by Vaughan to an instrumental case study that identified key factors that led to the implementation of a blended learning initiative in one medium sized…

From Chemical Analysis to Analyzing Chemical Education: An Interview with Joseph J. Lagowski

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardellini, Liberato

2010-01-01

This interview provides glimpses of Joseph J. Lagowski and his life from the time he played with a Gilbert chemistry set, to his tenure at The University of Texas at Austin. His initial interest in chemistry was further nurtured and developed thanks to an excellent high school teacher. In the interview, Lagowski discusses his research in…

Columbia River Coordinated Information System (CIS), 1992-1993 Annual Report.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rowe, Mike; Roger, Phillip B.; O'Connor, Dick

1993-11-01

The purposes of this report are to: (1) describe the project to date; (2) to document the work and accomplishments of the (CIS) project for Fiscal Year 1993; and (3) to provide a glimpse of future project direction. The concept of a Coordinated Information System (CIS) as an approach to meeting the growing needs for regionally standardized anadromous fish information.

A Spitzer/glimpse Search For Galaxies: What Zone Of Avoidance?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parsons, Lamarr; Benjamin, R. A.; GLIMPSE Team

2007-12-01

We report the results of a visual search for galaxy candidates in an area of twelve square degrees covered by the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire-3D (GLIMPSE-3D) Spitzer Legacy programs. The areas searched consisted of three 2x2 degree blocks, with galactic coordinates centered at (330, -02), (330, +02) and (331, -02). All three regions were imaged for 2.4 seconds in the 3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 µm bands using IRAC on the Spitzer Space Telescope. We report a total of 114 galaxy candidates, yielding an average of 9.5 candidates per square degree. We also show that the galaxy detection rate is dependent on galactic latitude, probably due to the lower diffuse 8 micron background at high latitudes. We have found that the detection rate increases from 4 per square degree (at b=1º) to 12 per square degree (at b=3º). We present the physical parameters of these galaxies, discuss their clustering, and note which have been previously detected in other wavebands/surveys. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation's REU program and the Department of Defense's ASSURE program through NSF Award AST-0453442.

Down and Out at Pacaya Volcano: A Glimpse of Magma Storage and Diking as Interpreted From GPS Geodesy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lechner, H. N.; Waite, G. P.; Wauthier, D. C.; Escobar-Wolf, R. P.; Lopez-Hetland, B.

2017-12-01

Geodetic data from an eight-station GPS network at Pacaya volcano Guatemala allows us to produce a simple analytical model of deformation sources associated with the 2010 eruption and the eruptive period in 2013-2014. Deformation signals for both eruptive time-periods indicate downward vertical and outward horizontal motion at several stations surrounding the volcano. The objective of this research was to better understand the magmatic plumbing system and sources of this deformation. Because this down-and-out displacement is difficult to explain with a single source, we chose a model that includes a combination of a dike and spherical source. Our modelling suggests that deformation is dominated the inflation of a shallow dike seated high within the volcanic edifice and deflation of a deeper, spherical source below the SW flank of the volcano. The source parameters for the dike feature are in good agreement with the observed orientation of recent vent emplacements on the edifice as well the horizontal displacement, while the parameters for a deeper spherical source accommodate the downward vertical motion. This study presents GPS observations at Pacaya dating back to 2009 and provides a glimpse of simple models of possible deformation sources.

Angular declination and the dynamic perception of egocentric distance.

PubMed

Gajewski, Daniel A; Philbeck, John W; Wirtz, Philip W; Chichka, David

2014-02-01

The extraction of the distance between an object and an observer is fast when angular declination is informative, as it is with targets placed on the ground. To what extent does angular declination drive performance when viewing time is limited? Participants judged target distances in a real-world environment with viewing durations ranging from 36-220 ms. An important role for angular declination was supported by experiments showing that the cue provides information about egocentric distance even on the very first glimpse, and that it supports a sensitive response to distance in the absence of other useful cues. Performance was better at 220-ms viewing durations than for briefer glimpses, suggesting that the perception of distance is dynamic even within the time frame of a typical eye fixation. Critically, performance in limited viewing trials was better when preceded by a 15-s preview of the room without a designated target. The results indicate that the perception of distance is powerfully shaped by memory from prior visual experience with the scene. A theoretical framework for the dynamic perception of distance is presented. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

A personal account of the development of modern biological research in Portugal.

PubMed

De Sousa, Maria

2009-01-01

Portugal celebrated in 2006 its first 20 years of the formal introduction of the practice of external evaluation of research proposals in the national funding system. Accounts of changes in numbers of publications, citations, numbers of research projects funded and budget figures can be found in Government Reports (www.oces.mctes.pt.). An offshoot of the decisive and firm implementation of that practice in what was to become the Health Sciences was that the area became an attractor for young researchers in the basic biological sciences, namely, molecular, cellular and developmental biology. Reciprocally, the entry of basic biological scientists into medically oriented groups totally changed the landscape, the soil, the seeding, the cross-fertilization and the flowering of biomedical research in the country. This paper is a personal account of the experience of a scientist who was asked by the then President of the National Research Council, Jose Mariano Gago to co-ordinate the introduction of external evaluation of research projects and research institutes in the Health Sciences in Portugal between 1986 and 1997.

The Effect of Nunan's Six Elements of Task to Improve Students Competencies in Legal English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Min, Wang

2016-01-01

This paper is to study the effect of the six elements of task put forward by Nunan on the improvement of students' competencies in legal English, hoping to provide an important glimpse of how current legal English teaching in Chinese universities meets the requirements of the curriculum and the needs of the learners. Based on a case study of…

Workforce 2000. Executive Summary. White House Conference on Library and Information Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White House Conference on Library and Information Services.

This glimpse of America's economic situation in the year 2000 predicts that four key trends will shape the last years of the twentieth century: (1) the American economy should grow at a relatively healthy pace; (2) U.S. manufacturing will be a much smaller share of the economy in the year 2000; (3) the workforce will grow slowly, becoming older,…

A Geographic Glimpse of Central Texas and the Borderlands: Images and Encounters. Pathways in Geography Resource Publication No. 12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petersen, James F., Ed.; Tuason, Julie A., Ed.

This guide seeks to provide a closer look at the diversity found within central Texas and the borderlands and offers a good general background to understanding some of the challenges facing the region. The book is divided into two parts with articles and lesson plans written by several authors. Part 1, "Views and Viewpoints," includes:…

A glimpse at future forests: predicting the effects of Phytophthora ramorum on oak forests of southern Appalachia

Treesearch

H.L. Spaulding; L.K. Rieske

2011-01-01

The highly pathogenic Phytophthora ramorum, causal organism of sudden oak death (SOD), is established in forests of the Pacific Northwest (USA) and is threatening invasion of other regions. Given the breadth of its host range, with dozens of asymptomatic ornamental hosts and with oaks, Quercus spp., in the red oak (Erythrobalanus) subgenus particularly susceptible, we...

A Glimpse Inside: Considering the Impact of Curriculum Outcomes and Personal Ideology on Social Studies Pedagogy: A Study Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hadley, Gregory R. L.; Young, David C.

2018-01-01

This article aims to explore how social studies teachers understand their role in the delivery of course content. Drawing on data from an interpretive study completed as part of a Master of Education degree, the article investigates how social studies teachers understand their personal ideology as it relates to their teaching, navigate the…

Special Issue: 3D Printing for Biomedical Engineering

PubMed Central

Chua, Chee Kai; Yeong, Wai Yee; An, Jia

2017-01-01

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has a long history of applications in biomedical engineering. The development and expansion of traditional biomedical applications are being advanced and enriched by new printing technologies. New biomedical applications such as bioprinting are highly attractive and trendy. This Special Issue aims to provide readers with a glimpse of the recent profile of 3D printing in biomedical research. PMID:28772604

a Transient Semi-Metallic Layer in Detonating Nitromethane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reed, Evan J.; Manaa, M. Riad; Fried, Laurence E.; Glaesemann, Kurt; Joannopoulos, John D.

2007-12-01

We present the first ever glimpse behind a detonation shock front in a chemically reactive quantum molecular dynamics simulation of the explosive nitromethane (CH3NO2). We discover that the wide-bandgap insulator nitromethane undergoes chemical decomposition and a transformation into a semi-metallic state for a limited distance behind the detonation front. We find this transformation is associated with the production of charged decomposition species.

Willing but Not Yet Ready: A Glimpse of California Teachers' Preparedness for the Common Core State Standards. CenterView

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning at WestEd, 2012

2012-01-01

California is on the precipice of implementing the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), which were developed through an initiative of the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers to reflect the knowledge and skills needed for success in college and careers. In California, one of 45 adopting states, the standards…

A glimpse of Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival in soils from eastern China

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) is an important food-borne pathogen, which continues to be a major public health concern worldwide. It is known that E. coli O157:H7 survive in soil environment might result in the contamination of fresh produce or water source. To investigate how the soils...

Roots of neuroanatomy, neurology, and neurosurgery as found in the Bible and Talmud.

PubMed

Tubbs, R Shane; Loukas, Marios; Shoja, Mohammadali M; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A; Wellons, John C; Oakes, W Jerry

2008-07-01

Historical observations and interpretations regarding the treatment of components of the nervous system can be found in the writings of the Bible and Talmud. A review of topics germane to modern neuroanatomy, neurology, and neurosurgery from these early, rich writings is presented herein. These historic writings provide a glimpse into the early understanding, description, and treatment of pathologies of the nervous system.

ORNL (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) 89

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anderson, T.D.; Appleton, B.R.; Jefferson, J.W.

This is the inaugural issues of an annual publication about the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Here you will find a brief overview of ORNL, a sampling of our recent research achievements, and a glimpse of the directions we want to take over the next 15 years. A major purpose of ornl 89 is to provide the staff with a sketch of the character and dynamics of the Laboratory.

Up Close from Afar: Using Remote Sensing To Teach the American Landscape. Pathways in Geography Series, Title No. 8.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baumann, Paul R., Ed.

This teaching guide offers educators glimpses into the value of remote sensing, the process of observing and analyzing the earth from a distance. Remote sensing provides information in forms to see spatial patterns over large areas in a more realistic way than thematic maps and allows a macro-scale look at global problems. The six instructional…

Using Critical Race Theory to Explore Race-Based Conversations through a Critical Family Book Club

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Lamar L.

2016-01-01

Stemming from my personal encounter with what I consider a racial affliction imposed by a White female teacher, I provide a glimpse of my racial narrative as a young Black male to illustrate a reference point for thinking through how racism functions in homes and schools. It touches on the importance of race-based conversations within school and…

California Perspectives: An Anthology from the California Tomorrow Education for a Diverse Society Project, Fall 1991, Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowell, Carol, Ed.; Kam, Katherine, Ed.

Focusing on the issue of culture and its impact on education in California, this document offers glimpses into the lives of individuals who ask the question, "Is there now or will there ever be a common American culture?" Organized into 10 articles, the first article, "Whose Culture is This? Whose Curriculum Will It Be?"…

Voices from the Sweatshops: A Glimpse of American Women through the Writing of a Dime Novel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chilcoat, George W.

1990-01-01

Presents a class activity that uses the dime novel in a critical mode as an avenue to increase student's knowledge of the concepts and themes of women's experiences during the nineteenth century. Provides background of the dime novel. Asks students to compose their own dime novel, and provides a student handout that outlines the process. (RW)

Obstetric Ultrasound

PubMed Central

Nicholson, Stuart F.; Nimrod, Carl A.

1988-01-01

This article addresses the current indications for an obstetric ultrasound and describes the findings that it is reasonable to expect when reading an ultrasound report. The authors discuss several common obstetrical problems focussing the attention on the usefulness of the imaging information. Finally, they provide a glimpse into the future direction of obstetric ultrasound by discussing vaginal scanning, Doppler assessment of fetal blood flow, and routine ultrasound in pregnancy. PMID:21253229

Neutral hydrogen self-absorption in the Milky Way Galaxy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kavars, Dain William

2006-06-01

To develop a better understanding of the cold neutral medium phase of the interstellar medium, we present a detailed analysis of neutral hydrogen self- absorption (HISA) clouds in the Milky Way Galaxy. These HISA clouds are in the Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS), spanning the region l = 253°--358° and | b | <= 1.3°, and in the VLA Galactic Plane Survey (VGPS), spanning the region l = 18°--67° and | b | <= 1.3°--2.3°. The SGPS and VGPS have an angular resolution of ~1 arcminute and a velocity channel spacing of 0.82 km s -1 . With the recent completion of these surveys, we can study HISA features across the Galaxy at a much better resolution and sensitivity than any previous work. To analyze HISA in detail, catalogs of clouds of all sizes, including those undetectable by eye alone, are required. We present an automated search routine to detect all HISA clouds in the SGPS. We compare HISA to CO data and find some HISA clouds associated with CO, but others have no associated CO. This suggests that HISA clouds are in a transition between molecular and atomic gas, bridging the gap between dense molecular clouds and warmer, diffuse atomic clouds. HISA thus plays an important role in the overall evolution of the Galaxy. To study this transition further, we present observations of the OH molecule toward a select sample of HISA clouds in the VGPS, using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). We present an analysis of the molecular properties of this sample, including a derivation of an OH to H 2 conversion factor and H 2 to H I abundance ratios. We discuss the complex relationship between H I, OH, 12 CO, and 13 CO emission. Finally we present a statistical analysis comparing HISA with infrared data from the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) project. The GLIMPSE data reveal a large number of compact, dark infrared clouds believed to be in the early stages of star formation. If GLIMPSE clouds are associated with HISA, they provide valuable information on the evolution of HISA clouds.

Impact of labile metal nanoparticles on cellular homeostasis. Current developments in imaging, synthesis and applications.

PubMed

Chevallet, Mireille; Veronesi, Giulia; Fuchs, Alexandra; Mintz, Elisabeth; Michaud-Soret, Isabelle; Deniaud, Aurélien

2017-06-01

The use of nanomaterials is constantly increasing in electronics, cosmetics, food additives, and is emerging in advanced biomedical applications such as theranostics, bio-imaging and therapeutics. However their safety raises concerns and requires appropriate methods to analyze their fate in vivo. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about the toxicity of labile metal (ZnO, CuO and Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) both at the organism and cellular levels, and describe the pathways that are triggered to maintain cellular homeostasis. We also describe advanced elemental imaging approaches to analyze intracellular NP fate. Finally, we open the discussion by presenting recent developments in terms of synthesis and applications of Ag and CuO NPs. Labile metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) release metal ions that trigger a cellular response involving biomolecules binding to the ions followed by regulation of the redox balance. In addition, specific mechanisms are set up by the cell in response to physiological ions such as Cu(I) and Zn(II). Among all types of NPs, labile MeNPs induce the strongest inflammatory responses which are most probably due to the combined effects of the NPs and of its released ions. Interestingly, recent developments in imaging technologies enable the intracellular visualization of both the NPs and their ions and promise new insights into nanoparticle fate and toxicity. The exponential use of nanotechnologies associated with the difficulties of assessing their impact on health and the environment has prompted scientists to develop novel methodologies to characterize these nanoobjects in a biological context. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Integrated micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials for cell mechanics and mechanobiology: a materials perspective.

PubMed

Shao, Yue; Fu, Jianping

2014-03-12

The rapid development of micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials in the last two decades has empowered materials scientists and bioengineers to precisely control different aspects of the in vitro cell microenvironment. Following a philosophy of reductionism, many studies using synthetic functional biomaterials have revealed instructive roles of individual extracellular biophysical and biochemical cues in regulating cellular behaviors. Development of integrated micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials to study complex and emergent biological phenomena has also thrived rapidly in recent years, revealing adaptive and integrated cellular behaviors closely relevant to human physiological and pathological conditions. Working at the interface between materials science and engineering, biology, and medicine, we are now at the beginning of a great exploration using micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials for both fundamental biology study and clinical and biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine and drug screening. In this review, an overview of state of the art micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials that can control precisely individual aspects of cell-microenvironment interactions is presented and they are highlighted them as well-controlled platforms for mechanistic studies of mechano-sensitive and -responsive cellular behaviors and integrative biology research. The recent exciting trend where micro/nanoengineered biomaterials are integrated into miniaturized biological and biomimetic systems for dynamic multiparametric microenvironmental control of emergent and integrated cellular behaviors is also discussed. The impact of integrated micro/nanoengineered functional biomaterials for future in vitro studies of regenerative medicine, cell biology, as well as human development and disease models are discussed. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1996-06-01

The NASA Bioreactor provides a low turbulence culture environment which promotes the formation of large, three-dimensional cell clusters. Due to their high level of cellular organization and specialization, samples constructed in the bioreactor more closely resemble the original tumor or tissue found in the body. NASA-sponsored bioreactor research has been instrumental in helping scientists to better understand normal and cancerous tissue development. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues currently being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1988-07-14

The NASA Bioreactor provides a low turbulence culture environment which promotes the formation of large, three-dimensional cell clusters. Due to their high level of cellular organization and specialization, samples constructed in the bioreactor more closely resemble the original tumor or tissue found in the body. NASA-sponsored bioreactor research has been instrumental in helping scientists to better understand normal and cancerous tissue development. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues currently being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators.

Medical societies, patient education initiatives, public debate and marketing of unproven stem cell interventions.

PubMed

Weiss, Daniel J; Turner, Leigh; Levine, Aaron D; Ikonomou, Laertis

2018-02-01

Businesses marketing unproven stem cell interventions proliferate within the U.S. and in the larger global marketplace. There have been global efforts by scientists, patient advocacy groups, bioethicists, and public policy experts to counteract the uncontrolled and premature commercialization of stem cell interventions. In this commentary, we posit that medical societies and associations of health care professionals have a particular responsibility to be an active partner in such efforts. We review the role medical societies can and should play in this area through patient advocacy and awareness initiatives. Copyright © 2017 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Extreme Science (LBNL Science at the Theater)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ajo-Franklin, Caroline; Klein, Spencer; Minor, Andrew

On Feb. 27, 2012 at the Berkeley Repertory Theatre, four Berkeley Lab scientists presented talks related to extreme science - and what it means to you. Topics include: Neutrino hunting in Antarctica. Learn why Spencer Klein goes to the ends of the Earth to search for these ghostly particles. From Chernobyl to Central Asia, Tamas Torok travels the globe to study microbial diversity in extreme environments. Andrew Minor uses the world's most advanced electron microscopes to explore materials at ultrahigh stresses and in harsh environments. And microbes that talk to computers? Caroline Ajo-Franklin is pioneering cellular-electrical connections that could helpmore » transform sunlight into fuel.« less

Next-Generation Machine Learning for Biological Networks.

PubMed

Camacho, Diogo M; Collins, Katherine M; Powers, Rani K; Costello, James C; Collins, James J

2018-06-14

Machine learning, a collection of data-analytical techniques aimed at building predictive models from multi-dimensional datasets, is becoming integral to modern biological research. By enabling one to generate models that learn from large datasets and make predictions on likely outcomes, machine learning can be used to study complex cellular systems such as biological networks. Here, we provide a primer on machine learning for life scientists, including an introduction to deep learning. We discuss opportunities and challenges at the intersection of machine learning and network biology, which could impact disease biology, drug discovery, microbiome research, and synthetic biology. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Avians as a Model System of Vascular Development

PubMed Central

Bressan, Michael; Mikawa, Takashi

2015-01-01

Summary For more then 2000 years philosophers and scientists have turned to the avian embryo with questions of how life begins (Aristotle; Needham, 1959). Then, as now, the unique accessibility of the embryo both in terms of acquisition of eggs from domesticated fowl, and ease at which the embryo can be visualized by simply opening the shell, have made avians an appealing and powerful model system for the study of development. Thus, as the field of embryology has evolved through observational, comparative, and experimental embryology, into its current iteration as the cellular and molecular biology of development, avians have remained a useful and practical system of study. PMID:25468608

[Non-animal toxicology in the safety testing of chemicals].

PubMed

Heinonen, Tuula; Tähti, Hanna

2013-01-01

There is an urgent need to develop predictive test methods better than animal experiments for assessing the safety of chemical substances to man. According to today's vision this is achieved by using human cell based tissue and organ models. In the new testing strategy the toxic effects are assessed by the changes in the critical parameters of the cellular biochemical routes (AOP, adverse toxic outcome pathway-principle) in the target tissues. In vitro-tests are rapid and effective, and with them automation can be applied. The change in the testing paradigm is supported by all stakeholders: scientists, regulators and people concerned on animal welfare.

Development of molecular biology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

PubMed

Halvorson, Harlyn O

2007-12-01

Dramatic changes in the foundation of academic departments in our universities are uncommon. With the demonstration that DNA was the cellular source of genetic information, and that this information could be regulated, the field of molecular biology was born. Later, when scientists found that they could tinker with this information, the field matured. In an unusually rapid manner, molecular biology was integrated into the University of Wisconsin, Madison, in the late 1950s and early 1960s. This present article is a chronology of how it happened. What are the factors that made this transition possible in the University of Wisconsin? What lessons have we learned from this experience?

Bioreactor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

The NASA Bioreactor provides a low turbulence culture environment which promotes the formation of large, three-dimensional cell clusters. Due to their high level of cellular organization and specialization, samples constructed in the bioreactor more closely resemble the original tumor or tissue found in the body. NASA-sponsored bioreactor research has been instrumental in helping scientists to better understand normal and cancerous tissue development. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues currently being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators

Rotating Bioreactor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

The NASA Bioreactor provides a low turbulence culture environment which promotes the formation of large, three-dimensional cell clusters. Due to their high level of cellular organization and specialization, samples constructed in the bioreactor more closely resemble the original tumor or tissue found in the body. NASA-sponsored bioreactor research has been instrumental in helping scientists to better understand normal and cancerous tissue development. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues currently being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators.

Cerebral organoids: ethical issues and consciousness assessment.

PubMed

Lavazza, Andrea; Massimini, Marcello

2018-02-28

Organoids are three-dimensional biological structures grown in vitro from different kinds of stem cells that self-organise mimicking real organs with organ-specific cell types. Recently, researchers have managed to produce human organoids which have structural and functional properties very similar to those of different organs, such as the retina, the intestines, the kidneys, the pancreas, the liver and the inner ear. Organoids are considered a great resource for biomedical research, as they allow for a detailed study of the development and pathologies of human cells; they also make it possible to test new molecules on human tissue. Furthermore, organoids have helped research take a step forward in the field of personalised medicine and transplants. However, some ethical issues have arisen concerning the origin of the cells that are used to produce organoids (ie, human embryos) and their properties. In particular, there are new, relevant and so-far overlooked ethical questions concerning cerebral organoids. Scientists have created so-called mini-brains as developed as a few-months-old fetus, albeit smaller and with many structural and functional differences. However, cerebral organoids exhibit neural connections and electrical activity, raising the question whether they are or (which is more likely) will one day be somewhat sentient. In principle, this can be measured with some techniques that are already available (the Perturbational Complexity Index, a metric that is directly inspired by the main postulate of the Integrated Information Theory of consciousness), which are used for brain-injured non-communicating patients. If brain organoids were to show a glimpse of sensibility, an ethical discussion on their use in clinical research and practice would be necessary. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Roald Amundsen's contributions to our knowledge of the magnetic fields of the Earth and the Sun

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egeland, A.; Deehr, C. S.

2011-12-01

Roald Amundsen (1872-1928) was known as one of the premier polar explorers in the golden age of polar exploration. His accomplishments clearly document that he has contributed to knowledge in fields as diverse as ethnography, meteorology and geophysics. In this paper we will concentrate on his studies of the Earth's magnetic field. With his unique observations at the polar station Gjøahavn (geographic coordinates 68°37'10'' N; 95°53'25'' W), Amundsen was first to demonstrate, without doubt, that the north magnetic dip-pole does not have a permanent location, but steadily moves its position in a regular manner. In addition, his carefully calibrated measurements at high latitudes were the first and only observations of the Earth's magnetic field in the polar regions for decades until modern polar observatories were established. After a short review of earlier measurements of the geomagnetic field, we tabulate the facts regarding his measurements at the observatories and the eight field stations associated with the Gjøa expedition. The quality of his magnetic observations may be seen to be equal to that of the late 20th century observations by subjecting them to analytical techniques showing the newly discovered relationship between the diurnal variation of high latitude magnetic observations and the direction of the horizontal component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF By). Indeed, the observations at Gjøahavn offer a glimpse of the character of the solar wind 50 yr before it was known to exist. Our motivation for this paper is to illuminate the contributions of Amundsen as a scientist and to celebrate his attainment of the South Pole as an explorer 100 yr ago.

Motion in action: A study of second graders' trajectories of experience during guided inquiry science instruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hapgood, Susanna Elizabeth

This interpretive case study describes a 10-day inquiry science program of study of motion down inclined planes during which a class of 21 second graders investigated scientific relationships such as mass and speed, speed and momentum, and mass and momentum via both text-based experiences ("second-hand investigations") and hands-on materials-based experiments ("first-hand investigations"). Data sources included over 11 hours of videotaped instruction in addition to children's written work, class-generated artifacts, and paper-and-pencil pre- and posttests. Content analyses informed by both sociocultural and developmental perspectives revealed that, in addition to a significant increase in pre- to posttest scores, children in the class engaged in several processes integral to inquiry, namely, (a) using data as evidence, (b) evaluating investigative procedures, and (c) making sense of multiple forms of representations. In addition, the study describes the range of and shifts in children's ideas about scientific relationships fundamental to developing an understanding of motion. Many children were observed to make causal attributions involving a relationship between two variables, such as the mass and momentum of a ball rolling down a ramp. Discussed are mediating factors such as the teacher's role in scaffolding the class's investigations and features of the innovative "scientists' notebook" texts, which were integral to the instruction. Also presented is evidence of first-hand and second-hand investigations working in concert to provide the elementary school students with rich opportunities to learn and to express their developing understandings of scientific ideas. This study provides a rare glimpse of primary-grade inquiry-based science instruction within a classroom context.

Humoral and Cellular Immunity Changed after Traumatic Brain Injury in Human Patients.

PubMed

Wang, Jia-Wei; Li, Jin-Ping; Song, Ying-Lun; Zhao, Qi-Huang

2017-01-01

Previous studies have suggested that there is a disproportionally higher risk of infection following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This predisposition to infection may be driven by a poorly understood, brain-specific response in the immune system after TBI. However, there is a lack of studies that have fully characterized TBI patients to understand the relationship between TBI and peripheral immune function. In the present study, markers for humoral immunity and cellular immunity were measured for up to 2 weeks in the peripheral blood of 37 patients with TBI in order to elucidate the time course and the type of the peripheral immune response following TBI. 12 relatively healthy individuals without TBI and other neurological diseases were enrolled into the control group. Our data indicated that TBI could induce significant changes in humoral immunity characterized by a decrease in IgG and IgM levels and an increase in the complements C3 and C4 levels in comparison with the control group. Moreover, compared with the control group, a significant reduction in peripheral blood CD3 + and CD3 + CD4 + lymphocyte counts occurred early (days 1-3) following the onset of trauma. These results provide evidence that TBI is associated with substantial changes in humoral immunity and cellular immunity, which may explain the high incidence of infection encountered in these patients. © 2017 by the Association of Clinical Scientists, Inc.

The Flash-Preview Moving Window Paradigm: Unpacking Visual Expertise One Glimpse at a Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Litchfield, Damien; Donovan, Tim

2017-01-01

How we make sense of what we see and where best to look is shaped by our experience, our current task goals and how we first perceive our environment. An established way of demonstrating these factors work together is to study how eye movement patterns change as a function of expertise and to observe how experts can solve complex tasks after only…

Crush: Mapping Historical, Material and Affective Force Relations in Young Children's Hetero-Sexual Playground Play

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huuki, Tuija; Renold, Emma

2016-01-01

Drawing on ethnographic multi-modal data of the gendered and sexual dynamics of pre-school play (age 6) in a rapidly declining fishing and farming community in North Finland, this paper offers a glimpse into our sense-making of a short video-recorded episode in which three boys repeatedly pile up on and demand a kiss from one of their girl…

These Honored Dead: The Battle of Rivers Bridge and Civil War Combat Casualties. Teaching with Historic Places.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Dan

Encountering the U.S. Civil War on a smaller, human scale makes the conflict more approachable, vivid, and real. Rivers Bridge State Historic Site (South Carolina) offers a glimpse of the Civil War on such a scale. The small area allows visitors to comprehend the entire battlefield, its tactics, and to see how veteran troops near the end of the…

International Space Station exhibit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

The International Space Station (ISS) exhibit in StenniSphere at John C. Stennis Space Center in Hancock County, Miss., gives visitors an up-close look at the largest international peacetime project in history. Step inside a module of the ISS and glimpse how astronauts will live and work in space. Currently, 16 countries contribute resources and hardware to the ISS. When complete, the orbiting research facility will be larger than a football field.

Re-Bordering Spaces of Trauma: Auto-Ethnographic Reflections on the Immigrant and Refugee Experience in an Inner-City High School in Toronto

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feuerverger, Grace

2011-01-01

The objective of this research study is to offer a glimpse into the lives of some newly-arrived students of different racial, linguistic and religious backgrounds as they confront the process of immigration and therefore personal and social displacement within the context of a Toronto inner-city high school. These students carry with them hidden…

The Gift Relationship: Discovering Gift Exchange in Interpersonal Practice.

PubMed

Brown, Christopher Basil

2016-03-01

Encountering the deeper flows of human experience and glimpsing the touch of the divine on the human soul offer guides and companions rich reflective content for their ongoing formation. This is a precious gift which pilgrims constantly place before their companions, though at times it remains 'unwrapped'. Through offering a supervision narrative, this paper provides a phenomenological description of such a gift exchange. © The Author(s) 2016.

A Practical Approach to Cultural Insight

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

particular culture: good if the unit ends up deployed where that culture resides, but not so good when the unit goes other places . The culture in one...how does it work ? ● Homogeneous Groups—Heterogeneous Groups. Are the people in a group more alike or more different? ● Rights for minorities. How...societies, the families are very private affairs rarely glimpsed by outsiders (and then only in tightly controlled circumstances). Other places

Surveying Future Surveys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carlstrom, John E.

2016-06-01

The now standard model of cosmology has been tested and refined by the analysis of increasingly sensitive, large astronomical surveys, especially with statistically significant millimeter-wave surveys of the cosmic microwave background and optical surveys of the distribution of galaxies. This talk will offer a glimpse of the future, which promises an acceleration of this trend with cosmological information coming from new surveys across the electromagnetic spectrum as well as particles and even gravitational waves.

The Black Swans of Agricultural Education: A Glimpse into the Lived Experiences That Shape Urban Agricultural Educators' Meaning in Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Richie; Ramsey, Jon W.

2017-01-01

Urban agricultural educators face a number of unique challenges in performing their job duties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the essence of urban agricultural educators' meaning in their work by exploring their lived experiences. In this study, the essence emerged in the form of a metaphor: A Black Swan. The black swan…

Designing and Using an Organisational Culture Inquiry Tool to Glimpse the Relational Nature of Leadership and Organisational Culture within a South Australian Primary School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giles, David; Bills, Andrew

2017-01-01

This case study research found that the relational leadership and organisational culture at a public primary school situated in a high poverty location in South Australia was built upon the strength of the inter-relationships between the teachers, teachers and leadership, and between teachers and students. Supported by what we called "dynamic…

Glimpses of East Antarctica: Aeromagnetic and satellite magnetic view from the central Transantarctic Mountains of East Antarctica

USGS Publications Warehouse

Finn, Carol A.; Goodge, John W.

2010-01-01

Aeromagnetic and satellite magnetic data provide glimpses of the crustal architecture within the Ross Sea sector of the enigmatic, ice-covered East Antarctic shield critical for understanding both global tectonic and climate history. In the central Transantarctic Mountains (CTAM), exposures of Precambrian basement, coupled with new high-resolution magnetic data, other recent aeromagnetic transects, and satellite magnetic and seismic tomography data, show that the shield in this region comprises an Archean craton modified both by Proterozoic magmatism and early Paleozoic orogenic basement reactivation. CTAM basement structures linked to the Ross Orogeny are imaged 50–100 km farther west than previously mapped, bounded by inboard upper crustal Proterozoic granites of the Nimrod igneous province. Magnetic contrasts between craton and rift margin sediments define the Neoproterozoic rift margin, likely reactivated during Ross orogenesis and Jurassic extension. Interpretation of satellite magnetic and aeromagnetic patterns suggests that the Neoproterozoic rift margin of East Antarctica is offset by transfer zones to form a stepwise series of salients tracing from the CTAM northward through the western margin of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin to the coast at Terre Adélie. Thinned Precambrian crust inferred to lie east of the rift margin cannot be imaged magnetically because of modification by Neoproterozoic and younger tectonic events.

What goes on in the resting-state? A qualitative glimpse into resting-state experience in the scanner

PubMed Central

Hurlburt, Russell T.; Alderson-Day, Ben; Fernyhough, Charles; Kühn, Simone

2015-01-01

The brain’s resting-state has attracted considerable interest in recent years, but currently little is known either about typical experience during the resting-state or about whether there are inter-individual differences in resting-state phenomenology. We used descriptive experience sampling (DES) in an attempt to apprehend high fidelity glimpses of the inner experience of five participants in an extended fMRI study. Results showed that the inner experiences and the neural activation patterns (as quantified by amplitude of low frequency fluctuations analysis) of the five participants were largely consistent across time, suggesting that our extended-duration scanner sessions were broadly similar to typical resting-state sessions. However, there were very large individual differences in inner phenomena, suggesting that the resting-state itself may differ substantially from one participant to the next. We describe these individual differences in experiential characteristics and display some typical moments of resting-state experience. We also show that retrospective characterizations of phenomena can often be very different from moment-by-moment reports. We discuss implications for the assessment of inner experience in neuroimaging studies more generally, concluding that it may be possible to use fMRI to investigate neural correlates of phenomena apprehended in high fidelity. PMID:26500590

Using Zebra-speech to study sequential and simultaneous speech segregation in a cochlear-implant simulation.

PubMed

Gaudrain, Etienne; Carlyon, Robert P

2013-01-01

Previous studies have suggested that cochlear implant users may have particular difficulties exploiting opportunities to glimpse clear segments of a target speech signal in the presence of a fluctuating masker. Although it has been proposed that this difficulty is associated with a deficit in linking the glimpsed segments across time, the details of this mechanism are yet to be explained. The present study introduces a method called Zebra-speech developed to investigate the relative contribution of simultaneous and sequential segregation mechanisms in concurrent speech perception, using a noise-band vocoder to simulate cochlear implants. One experiment showed that the saliency of the difference between the target and the masker is a key factor for Zebra-speech perception, as it is for sequential segregation. Furthermore, forward masking played little or no role, confirming that intelligibility was not limited by energetic masking but by across-time linkage abilities. In another experiment, a binaural cue was used to distinguish the target and the masker. It showed that the relative contribution of simultaneous and sequential segregation depended on the spectral resolution, with listeners relying more on sequential segregation when the spectral resolution was reduced. The potential of Zebra-speech as a segregation enhancement strategy for cochlear implants is discussed.

Using Zebra-speech to study sequential and simultaneous speech segregation in a cochlear-implant simulation

PubMed Central

Gaudrain, Etienne; Carlyon, Robert P.

2013-01-01

Previous studies have suggested that cochlear implant users may have particular difficulties exploiting opportunities to glimpse clear segments of a target speech signal in the presence of a fluctuating masker. Although it has been proposed that this difficulty is associated with a deficit in linking the glimpsed segments across time, the details of this mechanism are yet to be explained. The present study introduces a method called Zebra-speech developed to investigate the relative contribution of simultaneous and sequential segregation mechanisms in concurrent speech perception, using a noise-band vocoder to simulate cochlear implants. One experiment showed that the saliency of the difference between the target and the masker is a key factor for Zebra-speech perception, as it is for sequential segregation. Furthermore, forward masking played little or no role, confirming that intelligibility was not limited by energetic masking but by across-time linkage abilities. In another experiment, a binaural cue was used to distinguish target and masker. It showed that the relative contribution of simultaneous and sequential segregation depended on the spectral resolution, with listeners relying more on sequential segregation when the spectral resolution was reduced. The potential of Zebra-speech as a segregation enhancement strategy for cochlear implants is discussed. PMID:23297922

Personalised Medicine: Genome Maintenance Lessons Learned from Studies in Yeast as a Model Organism.

PubMed

Abugable, Arwa A; Awwad, Dahlia A; Fleifel, Dalia; Ali, Mohamed M; El-Khamisy, Sherif; Elserafy, Menattallah

2017-01-01

Yeast research has been tremendously contributing to the understanding of a variety of molecular pathways due to the ease of its genetic manipulation, fast doubling time as well as being cost-effective. The understanding of these pathways did not only help scientists learn more about the cellular functions but also assisted in deciphering the genetic and cellular defects behind multiple diseases. Hence, yeast research not only opened the doors for transforming basic research into applied research, but also paved the roads for improving diagnosis and innovating personalized therapy of different diseases. In this chapter, we discuss how yeast research has contributed to understanding major genome maintenance pathways such as the S-phase checkpoint activation pathways, repair via homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining as well as topoisomerases-induced protein linked DNA breaks repair. Defects in these pathways lead to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Thus, the understanding of the exact genetic defects underlying these diseases allowed the development of personalized medicine, improving the diagnosis and treatment and overcoming the detriments of current conventional therapies such as the side effects, toxicity as well as drug resistance.

Targeting cellular and molecular drivers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: current options and emerging perspectives

PubMed Central

Ausoni, Simonetta; Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo; Singh, Bhuvanesh; da Mosto, Maria Cristina; Spinato, Giacomo; Tirelli, Giancarlo; Spinato, Roberto; Azzarello, Giuseppe

2017-01-01

Despite improvements in functional outcomes attributable to advances in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical techniques, and imaging techniques, survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients has improved only marginally during the last couple of decades, and optimal therapy has yet to be devised. Genomic complexity and intratumoral genetic heterogeneity may contribute to treatment resistance and the propensity for locoregional recurrence. Countering this, demands a significant effort from both basic and clinical scientists in the search for more-effective targeted therapies. Recent genomewide studies have provided valuable insights into the genetic basis of HNSCC, uncovering potential new therapeutic opportunities. In addition, several studies have elucidated how inflammatory, immune, and stromal cells contribute to the particular properties of these neoplasms. In the present review, we introduce recent findings on genomic aberrations resulting from whole-genome sequencing of HNSCC, we discuss how the particular microenvironment affects the pathogenesis of this disease, and we describe clinical trials exploring new perspectives on the use of combined genetic and cellular targeted therapies. PMID:27194534

Mass Loss at Higher Metallicity: Quantifying the Mass Return from Evolved Stars in the Galactic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sargent, Benjamin

Bulge Mass-losing evolved stars, and in particular asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and red supergiant (RSG) stars, are expected to be the major producers of dust in galaxies. This dust will help form planetary systems around future generations of stars. Our ADAP program to measure the mass loss from the AGB and RSG stars in the Magellanic Clouds is nearing completion, and we wish to extend this successful study to the Galactic bulge of the Milky Way Galaxy. Metallicity should determine the amount of elements available to condense dust in the star's outflow, so evolved stars of differing metallicities should have differing mass-loss rates. Building upon our work on evolved stars in the Magellanic Clouds, we will compare the mass-loss rates from AGB and RSG stars in the older and potentially more metal-rich Bulge to the mass-loss rates of AGB and RSG stars in the Magellanic Clouds, which have lower metallicity, making for an interesting contrast. In addition, the Galactic bulge, like the Clouds, is located at a well-determined distance ( 8 kpc), thereby removing the distance ambiguities that present a major uncertainty in determining mass-loss rates and luminosities for evolved stars. To model photometric observations of outflowing dust shells around evolved stars, we have constructed the Grid of Red supergiant and Asymptotic giant branch ModelS (GRAMS; Sargent et al 2011; Srinivasan et al 2011) using the radiative transfer code 2Dust (Ueta and Meixner 2003). Our study will apply these models to the large photometric database of sources identified in the Spitzer Space Telescope GLIMPSE survey of the Milky Way and also to the various infrared spectra of Bulge AGB and RSG stars from Spitzer, ISO, etc. We have already modeled a few Galactic bulge evolved stars with GRAMS, and we will use these results as the foundation for modeling a large and representative sample of Galactic bulge evolved stars identified and measured photometrically by GLIMPSE. We will use our GRAMS grid, expanding as necessary to enable modeling of the higher metallicity evolved stars of the Galactic bulge, along with models of other types of stars, such as YSOs (Robitaille et al 2006), to identify the evolved stars in the GLIMPSE sample of the Galactic bulge. We will use these well-tested GRAMS models, which we have already extensively applied to study populations of mass losing evolved stars in the Magellanic Clouds, to fit the Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs; plots of emitted power versus wavelength) of GLIMPSE Galactic bulge sources identified as RSG stars and oxygen-rich (O-rich), carbon-rich (C-rich), and extreme AGB stars. This modeling will yield stellar luminosities and mass-loss rates, as well as general dust chemistry (Orich versus C-rich) and other essential characteristics of the dust produced by evolved stars in the galactic plane. Our ongoing Magellanic Cloud and proposed Milky Way Galactic bulge evolved star studies will lay the groundwork for future studies of evolved stars in other nearby galaxies using data from the James Webb Space Telescope and other planned missions.

New ways of looking at very small holes - using optical nanoscopy to visualize liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Øie, Cristina I.; Mönkemöller, Viola; Hübner, Wolfgang; Schüttpelz, Mark; Mao, Hong; Ahluwalia, Balpreet S.; Huser, Thomas R.; McCourt, Peter

2018-02-01

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, also known as nanoscopy, has provided us with a glimpse of future impacts on cell biology. Far-field optical nanoscopy allows, for the first time, the study of sub-cellular nanoscale biological structures in living cells, which in the past was limited to electron microscopy (EM) (in fixed/dehydrated) cells or tissues. Nanoscopy has particular utility in the study of "fenestrations" - phospholipid transmembrane nanopores of 50-150 nm in diameter through liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) that facilitate the passage of plasma, but (usually) not blood cells, to and from the surrounding hepatocytes. Previously, these fenestrations were only discernible with EM, but now they can be visualized in fixed and living cells using structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and in fixed cells using single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques such as direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. Importantly, both methods use wet samples, avoiding dehydration artifacts. The use of nanoscopy can be extended to the in vitro study of fenestration dynamics, to address questions such as the following: are they actually dynamic structures, and how do they respond to endogenous and exogenous agents? A logical further extension of these methodologies to liver research (including the liver endothelium) will be their application to liver tissue sections from animal models with different pathological manifestations and ultimately to patient biopsies. This review will cover the current state of the art of the use of nanoscopy in the study of liver endothelium and the liver in general. Potential future applications in cell biology and the clinical implications will be discussed.

Flow cytometry for intracellular SPION quantification: specificity and sensitivity in comparison with spectroscopic methods

PubMed Central

Friedrich, Ralf P; Janko, Christina; Poettler, Marina; Tripal, Philipp; Zaloga, Jan; Cicha, Iwona; Dürr, Stephan; Nowak, Johannes; Odenbach, Stefan; Slabu, Ioana; Liebl, Maik; Trahms, Lutz; Stapf, Marcus; Hilger, Ingrid; Lyer, Stefan; Alexiou, Christoph

2015-01-01

Due to their special physicochemical properties, iron nanoparticles offer new promising possibilities for biomedical applications. For bench to bedside translation of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), safety issues have to be comprehensively clarified. To understand concentration-dependent nanoparticle-mediated toxicity, the exact quantification of intracellular SPIONs by reliable methods is of great importance. In the present study, we compared three different SPION quantification methods (ultraviolet spectrophotometry, magnetic particle spectroscopy, atomic adsorption spectroscopy) and discussed the shortcomings and advantages of each method. Moreover, we used those results to evaluate the possibility to use flow cytometric technique to determine the cellular SPION content. For this purpose, we correlated the side scatter data received from flow cytometry with the actual cellular SPION amount. We showed that flow cytometry provides a rapid and reliable method to assess the cellular SPION content. Our data also demonstrate that internalization of iron oxide nanoparticles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells is strongly dependent to the SPION type and results in a dose-dependent increase of toxicity. Thus, treatment with lauric acid-coated SPIONs (SEONLA) resulted in a significant increase in the intensity of side scatter and toxicity, whereas SEONLA with an additional protein corona formed by bovine serum albumin (SEONLA-BSA) and commercially available Rienso® particles showed only a minimal increase in both side scatter intensity and cellular toxicity. The increase in side scatter was in accordance with the measurements for SPION content by the atomic adsorption spectroscopy reference method. In summary, our data show that flow cytometry analysis can be used for estimation of uptake of SPIONs by mammalian cells and provides a fast tool for scientists to evaluate the safety of nanoparticle products. PMID:26170658

The real code of leonardo da vinci.

PubMed

Ose, Leiv

2008-02-01

Leonardo da Vinci was born in Italy. Among the researchers and scientists, he is favourably known for his remarkable efforts in scientific work. His investigations of atherosclerosis judiciously combine three separate fields of research. In 1506, he finished his masterpiece, painting of Mona Lisa. A careful clinical examination of the famous painting reveals a yellow irregular leather-like spot at the inner end of the left upper eyelid and a soft bumpy well-defined swelling of the dorsum of the right hand beneath the index finger about 3 cm long. This is probably the first case of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The FH code of Leonardo da Vinci was given immense consideration by scientists like Carl Muller, who described the xanthomas tuberosum and angina pectoris. On the contrary, Akira Endo searched for microbial metabolites that would inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol and finally, Michael Brown and Joseph Goldstein published a remarkable series of elegant and insightful papers in the 70s and 80s. They established that the cellular uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) essentially requires the LDL receptor. this was the real Code of Leonardo da Vinci.

The Real Code of Leonardo da Vinci

PubMed Central

Ose, Leiv

2008-01-01

Leonardo da Vinci was born in Italy. Among the researchers and scientists, he is favourably known for his remarkable efforts in scientific work. His investigations of atherosclerosis judiciously combine three separate fields of research. In 1506, he finished his masterpiece, painting of Mona Lisa. A careful clinical examination of the famous painting reveals a yellow irregular leather-like spot at the inner end of the left upper eyelid and a soft bumpy well-defined swelling of the dorsum of the right hand beneath the index finger about 3 cm long. This is probably the first case of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The FH code of Leonardo da Vinci was given immense consideration by scientists like Carl Muller, who described the xanthomas tuberosum and angina pectoris. On the contrary, Akira Endo searched for microbial metabolites that would inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol and finally, Michael Brown and Joseph Goldstein published a remarkable series of elegant and insightful papers in the 70s and 80s. They established that the cellular uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) essentially requires the LDL receptor. In conclusion: this was the real Code of Leonardo da Vinci. PMID:19924278

Real-Time Field Data Acquisition and Remote Sensor Reconfiguration Using Scientific Workflows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, F.; Mehta, G.; Vahi, K.; Deelman, E.

2010-12-01

Despite many technological advances, field data acquisition still consists of several manual and laborious steps. Once sensors and data loggers are deployed in the field, scientists often have to periodically return to their study sites in order to collect their data. Even when field deployments have a way to communicate and transmit data back to the laboratory (e.g. by using a satellite or a cellular modem), data analysis still requires several repetitive steps. Because data often needs to be processed and inspected manually, there is usually a significant time delay between data collection and analysis. As a result, sensor failures that could be detected almost in real-time are not noted for weeks or months. Finally, sensor reconfiguration as a result of interesting events in the field is still done manually, making rapid response nearly impossible and causing important data to be missed. By working closely with scientists from different application domains, we identified several tasks that, if automated, could greatly improve the way field data is collected, processed, and distributed. Our goals are to enable real-time data collection and validation, automate sensor reconfiguration in response to interest events in the field, and allow scientists to easily automate their data processing. We began our design by employing the Sensor Processing and Acquisition Network (SPAN) architecture. SPAN uses an embedded processor in the field to coordinate sensor data acquisition from analog and digital sensors by interfacing with different types of devices and data loggers. SPAN is also able to interact with various types of communication devices in order to provide real-time communication to and from field sites. We use the Pegasus Workflow Management System (Pegasus WMS) to coordinate data collection and control sensors and deployments in the field. Because scientific workflows can be used to automate multi-step, repetitive tasks, scientists can create simple workflows to download sensor data, perform basic QA/QC, and identify events of interest as well as sensor and data logger failures almost in real-time. As a result of this automation, scientists can quickly be notified (e.g. via e-mail or SMS) so that important events are not missed. In addition, Pegasus WMS has the ability to abstract the execution environment of where programs run. By placing a Pegasus WMS agent inside an embedded processor in the field, we allow scientists to ship simple computational models to the field, enabling remote data processing at the field site. As an example, scientists can send an image processing algorithm to the field so that the embedded processor can analyze images, thus reducing the bandwidth necessary for communication. In addition, when real-time communication to the laboratory is not possible, scientists can create simple computational models that can be run on sensor nodes autonomously, monitoring sensor data and making adjustments without any human intervention. We believe our system lowers the bar for the adoption of reconfigurable sensor networks by field scientists. In this poster, we will show how this technology can be used to provide not only data acquisition, but also real-time data validation and sensor reconfiguration.

Health Detectives: Uncovering the Mysteries of Disease (LBNL Science at the Theater)

ScienceCinema

Bissell, Mina; Canaria, Christie; Celnicker, Susan; Karpen, Gary

2018-06-20

In this April 23, 2012 Science at the Theater event, Berkeley Lab scientists discuss how they uncover the mysteries of disease in unlikely places. Speakers and topics include: World-renowned cancer researcher Mina Bissell's pioneering research on the role of the cellular microenvironment in breast cancer has changed the conversation about the disease. How does DNA instability cause disease? To find out, Christie Canaria images neural networks to study disorders such as Huntington's disease. Fruit flies can tell us a lot about ourselves. Susan Celniker explores the fruit fly genome to learn how our genome works. DNA is not destiny. Gary Karpen explores how environmental factors shape genome function and disease through epigenetics.

ISS Biotechnology Facility - Overview of Analytical Tools for Cellular Biotechnology Investigations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jeevarajan, A. S.; Towe, B. C.; Anderson, M. M.; Gonda, S. R.; Pellis, N. R.

2001-01-01

The ISS Biotechnology Facility (BTF) platform provides scientists with a unique opportunity to carry out diverse experiments in a microgravity environment for an extended period of time. Although considerable progress has been made in preserving cells on the ISS for long periods of time for later return to Earth, future biotechnology experiments would desirably monitor, process, and analyze cells in a timely way on-orbit. One aspect of our work has been directed towards developing biochemical sensors for pH, glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide for perfused bioreactor system developed at Johnson Space Center. Another aspect is the examination and identification of new and advanced commercial biotechnologies that may have applications to on-orbit experiments.

SensorKit: An End-to-End Solution for Environmental Sensor Networking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, F.; Graham, E.; Deschon, A.; Lam, Y.; Goldman, J.; Wroclawski, J.; Kaiser, W.; Benzel, T.

2008-12-01

Modern day sensor network technology has shown great promise to transform environmental data collection. However, despite the promise, these systems have remained the purview of the engineers and computer scientists who design them rather than a useful tool for the environmental scientists who need them. SensorKit is conceived of as a way to make wireless sensor networks accessible to The People: it is an advanced, powerful tool for sensor data collection that does not require advanced technological know-how. We are aiming to make wireless sensor networks for environmental science as simple as setting up a standard home computer network by providing simple, tested configurations of commercially-available hardware, free and easy-to-use software, and step-by-step tutorials. We designed and built SensorKit using a simplicity-through-sophistication approach, supplying users a powerful sensor to database end-to-end system with a simple and intuitive user interface. Our objective in building SensorKit was to make the prospect of using environmental sensor networks as simple as possible. We built SensorKit from off the shelf hardware components, using the Compact RIO platform from National Instruments for data acquisition due to its modular architecture and flexibility to support a large number of sensor types. In SensorKit, we support various types of analog, digital and networked sensors. Our modular software architecture allows us to abstract sensor details and provide users a common way to acquire data and to command different types of sensors. SensorKit is built on top of the Sensor Processing and Acquisition Network (SPAN), a modular framework for acquiring data in the field, moving it reliably to the scientist institution, and storing it in an easily-accessible database. SPAN allows real-time access to the data in the field by providing various options for long haul communication, such as cellular and satellite links. Our system also features reliable data storage and transmission, using a custody transfer mechanism that ensures data is retained until successful delivery to the scientist can be confirmed. The ability for the scientist to communicate in real-time with the sensor network in the field enables remote sensor reconfiguration and system health and status monitoring. We use a spiral approach of design, test, deploy and revise, and, by going to the field frequently and getting feedback from field scientists, we have been able to include additional functionality that is useful to the scientist while ensuring SensorKit remains intuitive to operate. Users can configure, control, and monitor SensorKit using a number of tools we have developed. An intuitive user interface running on a desktop or laptop allows scientists to setup the system, add and configure sensors, and specify when and how the data will be collected. We also have a mobile version of our interface that runs on a PDA and lets scientists calibrate sensors and "tune" the system while in the field, allowing for data validation before leaving the field and returning to the research lab. SensorKit also features SensorBase, an intuitive user interface built on top of a standard SQL database, which allows scientists to store and share their data with other researchers. SensorKit has been used for diverse scientific applications and deployed throughout the world: from studying mercury cycling in rice paddies in China, to ecological research in the neotropical rainforests of Costa Rica, to monitoring the contamination of salt lakes in Argentina.

Madness and sanity at the time of Indian independence

PubMed Central

Jain, Sanjeev; Murthy, Pratima; Sarin, Alok

2016-01-01

The backdrop of the Indian Independence offers glimpses of many ‘metaphors of madness’. In this article, we explore this through a few instances, starting from 1857, around the time of the First War of Independence, to 1947, when India became an independent nation. Such metaphors have their parallels both in historical as well as in contemporary times, where instances of one man's imagination becoming another's concept of irrationality and insanity continue. PMID:28066017

Madness and sanity at the time of Indian independence.

PubMed

Jain, Sanjeev; Murthy, Pratima; Sarin, Alok

2016-01-01

The backdrop of the Indian Independence offers glimpses of many 'metaphors of madness'. In this article, we explore this through a few instances, starting from 1857, around the time of the First War of Independence, to 1947, when India became an independent nation. Such metaphors have their parallels both in historical as well as in contemporary times, where instances of one man's imagination becoming another's concept of irrationality and insanity continue.

Virtual Training -- Keeping It Real

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

shopkeeper to get the information he needs from the man’s wife. A short time later, a suspect is detained. After many questions about the man’s...above is a glimpse into how a fully capable virtual human can be used in a training system, individual technologies are already being transi- tioned to...The results of this research have been exploited in movies such as Spider Man II, Superman Returns and King Kong. A new challenge being addressed

Letter to the Editor [response to "Towards a new model of branch attachment" by D. Slater and C. Harbinson

Treesearch

Kevin T. Smith

2012-01-01

The recent article "Towards a new model of branch attachment" by D. Slater and C. Harbinson (Arboricultural Journal (2010), 33, pp. 95-105) criticises strongly the model of branch attachment described by Dr Alex Shigo in 1985. As I recall, my first glimpse of Shigo's model was literally drawn on the back of an airline cocktail napkin. He rushed into the...

Spectrally Queued Feature Selection for Robotic Visual Odometery

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-23

in these systems has yet to be defined. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Uses of Autonomous Vehicles Autonomous vehicles have a wide range of possible...applications. In military situations, autonomous vehicles are valued for their ability to keep Soldiers far away from danger. A robot can inspect and disarm...just a glimpse of what engineers are hoping for in the future. 1.2 Biological Influence Autonomous vehicles are becoming more of a possibility in

An evolutionary perspective on the history of flap reconstruction in the upper extremity.

PubMed

Fang, Frank; Chung, Kevin C

2014-05-01

Examining the evolution of flap reconstruction of the upper extremity is similar to studying the evolution of biological species. This analogy provides a perspective to appreciate the contributing factors that led to the development of the current arsenal of techniques. It shows the trajectory for the future and provides a glimpse of the factors that that will be influential in the future. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dragon’s Claws: The Improvised Explosive Device (IED) as a Weapon of Strategic Influence

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

admiration, respect, regret, sadness, guilt, and even anguish. They emotionally prepared themselves for loading their friends’ flag- draped coffins...including attacks on armoured vehicles, outposts and helicopters.164 AQI certainly has not limited its operations to the guidelines of Zarqawi’s letter...reports of American casualties, glimpses of flag- draped coffins, and stories of towns rallying behind the families of their fallen heroes accumulate in

A Multicultural Glimpse of Rural and Urban Adolescence in Robert Newton Peck's "A Day No Pigs Would Die" and Paul Zindel's "The Pigman."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agnello, Mary Frances Linden

"A Day No Pigs Would Die" by Robert Newton Peck and "The Pigman" by Paul Zindel are 2 short novels that offer treasures in the form of many lessons in life to share in the language arts classroom. These two rich novels can serve as sources for multicultural understanding of rural and urban life, as well as for interpreting the…

Reconfigurable Computing for Computational Science: A New Focus in High Performance Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

in the past decade. Researchers are regularly employing the power of large computing systems and parallel processing to tackle larger and more...complex problems in all of the physical sciences. For the past decade or so, most of this growth in computing power has been “free” with increased...the scientific computing community as a means to continued growth in computing capability. This paper offers a glimpse of the hardware and

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (80th, Chicago, Illinois, July 30-August 2, 1997). Addenda II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

The 16 papers in the second part of the Addenda to this proceedings are: (1) "Catching a Glimpse of Hegemony: The Covers of 'Life' Magazine during the Gulf War" (Brian B. Feeney); (2) "'Cohen v. San Bernardino Valley College': Employee Speech or Academic Freedom" (Nancy Whitmore); (3) "'New York Times'' Use of Symbolism in…

PARTICLE PHYSICS: CERN Collider Glimpses Supersymmetry--Maybe.

PubMed

Seife, C

2000-07-14

Last week, particle physicists at the CERN laboratory in Switzerland announced that by smashing together matter and antimatter in four experiments, they detected an unexpected effect in the sprays of particles that ensued. The anomaly is subtle, and physicists caution that it might still be a statistical fluke. If confirmed, however, it could mark the long-sought discovery of a whole zoo of new particles--and the end of a long-standing model of particle physics.

Anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles: Synthesis, surface functionalization and applications in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery and theranostics.

PubMed

Paramasivam, Gokul; Kayambu, Namitharan; Rabel, Arul Maximus; Sundramoorthy, Ashok K; Sundaramurthy, Anandhakumar

2017-02-01

Anisotropic nanoparticles have fascinated scientists and engineering communities for over a century because of their unique physical and chemical properties. In recent years, continuous advances in design and fabrication of anisotropic nanoparticles have opened new avenues for application in various areas of biology, chemistry and physics. Anisotropic nanoparticles have the plasmon absorption in the visible as well as near-infrared (NIR) region, which enables them to be used for crucial applications such as biological imaging, medical diagnostics and therapy ("theranostics"). Here, we describe the progress in anisotropic nanoparticles achieved since the millennium in the area of preparation including various shapes and modification of the particle surface, and in areas of application by providing examples of applications in biosensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and theranostics. Furthermore, we also explain various mechanisms involved in cellular uptake of anisotropic nanoparticles, and conclude with our opinion on various obstacles that limit their applications in biomedical field. Anisotropy at the molecular level has always fascinated scientists and engineering communities for over a century, however, the research on novel methods through which shape and size of nanoparticles can be precisely controlled has opened new avenues for anisotropic nanoparticles in various areas of biology, chemistry and physics. In this manuscript, we describe progress achieved since the millennium in the areas of preparation of various shapes of anisotropic nanoparticles, investigate various methods involved in modifying the surface of these NPs, and provide examples of applications in biosensing and bio-imaging, drug delivery and theranostics. We also present mechanisms involved in cellular uptake of nanoparticles, describe different methods of preparation of anisotropic nanoparticles including biomimetic and photochemical synthesis, and conclude with our opinion on various obstacles that limit their applications in biomedical field. Copyright © 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

MicroRNA-let-7a regulates cell autophagy by targeting Rictor in gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901.

PubMed

Fan, Hao; Jiang, Mingkun; Li, Bowen; He, Yu; Huang, Chi; Luo, Dakui; Xu, Hao; Yang, Li; Zhou, Jundong

2018-03-01

miR-let-7a is the most widely studied miRNA, whose functions have been well-established by scientists in both carcinogenesis and progression of human cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). However, to date there is a lack of information concerning the relationship between miR-let-7a and cellular autophagy. Using western blotting and immunofluorescence, we determined that upregulation of miR-let-7a led to increased cellular autophagic level, whereas miR-let-7a suppression decreased autophagy activity in GC cells. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying this, we screened potential targets of miR-let-7a using bioinformatics analyses, validated by a series of assays. Our results indicated that Rptor independent companion of mTOR complex 2 (Rictor) was a direct target of miR-let-7a. In addition, rescue experiments in vitro showed that miR-let-7a promoted cellular autophagic level by inhibiting Rictor expression in GC cells. Furthermore, as an upstream executor of Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, we found that Rictor elaborated its effect on autophagy by phosphorylating Akt and mTOR, and this regulatory process could also be mediated by miR-let-7a. Taken together, our results present a novel role for miR-let-7a in GC which modulates autophagy by targeting Rictor, following the regulation of Akt-mTOR signal pathway.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADPH, and cell survival.

PubMed

Stanton, Robert C

2012-05-01

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway. Many scientists think that the roles and regulation of G6PD in physiology and pathophysiology have been well established as the enzyme was first identified 80 years ago. And that G6PD has been extensively studied especially with respect to G6PD deficiency and its association with hemolysis, and with respect to the role G6PD plays in lipid metabolism. But there has been a growing understanding of the central importance of G6PD to cellular physiology as it is a major source of NADPH that is required by many essential cellular systems including the antioxidant pathways, nitric oxide synthase, NADPH oxidase, cytochrome p450 system, and others. Indeed G6PD is essential for cell survival. It has also become evident that G6PD is highly regulated by many signals that affect transcription, post-translation, intracellular location, and interactions with other protein. Pathophysiologic roles for G6PD have also been identified in such disease processes as diabetes, aldosterone-induced endothelial dysfunction, cancer, and others. It is now clear that G6PD is under complex regulatory control and of central importance to many cellular processes. In this review the biochemistry, regulatory signals, physiologic roles, and pathophysiologic roles for G6PD that have been elucidated over the past 20 years are discussed. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Secrets Revealed from Pluto Twilight Zone

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-06-02

NASA's New Horizons spacecraft took this stunning image of Pluto only a few minutes after closest approach on July 14, 2015. The image was obtained at a high phase angle -- that is, with the sun on the other side of Pluto, as viewed by New Horizons. Seen here, sunlight filters through and illuminates Pluto's complex atmospheric haze layers. The southern portions of the nitrogen ice plains informally named Sputnik Planum, as well as mountains of the informally named Norgay Montes, can also be seen across Pluto's crescent at the top of the image. Looking back at Pluto with images like this gives New Horizons scientists information about Pluto's hazes and surface properties that they can't get from images taken on approach. The image was obtained by New Horizons' Ralph/Multispectral Visual Imaging Camera (MVIC) approximately 13,400 miles (21,550 kilometers) from Pluto, about 19 minutes after New Horizons' closest approach. The image has a resolution of 1,400 feet (430 meters) per pixel. Pluto's diameter is 1,475 miles (2,374 kilometers). The inset at top right in the annotated version shows a detail of Pluto's crescent, including an intriguing bright wisp (near the center) measuring tens of miles across that may be a discreet, low-lying cloud in Pluto's atmosphere; if so, it would be the only one yet identified in New Horizons imagery. This cloud -- if that's what it is -- is visible for the same reason the haze layers are so bright: illumination from the sunlight grazing Pluto's surface at a low angle. Atmospheric models suggest that methane clouds can occasionally form in Pluto's atmosphere. The scene in this inset is 140 miles (230 kilometers) across. The inset at bottom right shows more detail on the night side of Pluto. This terrain can be seen because it is illuminated from behind by hazes that silhouette the of the annotated version limb. The topography here appears quite rugged, and broad valleys and sharp peaks with relief totaling 3 miles (5 kilometers) are apparent. This image, made from closer range, is much better than the lower-resolution images of this same terrain taken several days before closest approach. These silhouetted terrains therefore act as a useful "anchor point," giving New Horizons scientists a rare, detailed glimpse at the lay of the land in this mysterious part of Pluto seen at high resolution only in twilight. The scene in this inset is 460 miles (750 kilometers) wide. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA20727

Feigned Ignorance is Bliss: Chinese Energy Investments in Africa

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-23

foreboding economic competitor on a massive scale. Among such are those in the U.S. who argue that China’s aggressive quest for oil jeopardizes U.S. energy...might offer a glimpse of this reality. According to Anne Korin, Co-Director of the Institute for the Analysis of Global Security, “I don’t think there...largest shareholder in a major consortium in Sudan called the Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company, which includes as shareholders Petronas

Collective behaviour across animal species.

PubMed

DeLellis, Pietro; Polverino, Giovanni; Ustuner, Gozde; Abaid, Nicole; Macrì, Simone; Bollt, Erik M; Porfiri, Maurizio

2014-01-16

We posit a new geometric perspective to define, detect, and classify inherent patterns of collective behaviour across a variety of animal species. We show that machine learning techniques, and specifically the isometric mapping algorithm, allow the identification and interpretation of different types of collective behaviour in five social animal species. These results offer a first glimpse at the transformative potential of machine learning for ethology, similar to its impact on robotics, where it enabled robots to recognize objects and navigate the environment.

Eddies in the Southern Ocean

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-04-08

The cloud cover over the Southern Ocean occasionally parts as it did on January 1, 2015 just west of the Drake Passage where the VIIRS instrument on the Suomi NPP satellite glimpsed the above collection of ocean-color delineated eddies which have diameters ranging from a couple of kilometers to a couple of hundred kilometers. Recent studies indicate that eddy activity has been increasing in the Southern Ocean with possible implications for climate change. Credit: NASA's OceanColor/Suomi NPP/VIIRS

Differentials on graph complexes II: hairy graphs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khoroshkin, Anton; Willwacher, Thomas; Živković, Marko

2017-10-01

We study the cohomology of the hairy graph complexes which compute the rational homotopy of embedding spaces, generalizing the Vassiliev invariants of knot theory. We provide spectral sequences converging to zero whose first pages contain the hairy graph cohomology. Our results yield a way to construct many nonzero hairy graph cohomology classes out of (known) non-hairy classes by studying the cancellations in those sequences. This provide a first glimpse at the tentative global structure of the hairy graph cohomology.

A Glimpse into the Satellite DNA Library in Characidae Fish (Teleostei, Characiformes)

PubMed Central

Utsunomia, Ricardo; Ruiz-Ruano, Francisco J.; Silva, Duílio M. Z. A.; Serrano, Érica A.; Rosa, Ivana F.; Scudeler, Patrícia E. S.; Hashimoto, Diogo T.; Oliveira, Claudio; Camacho, Juan Pedro M.; Foresti, Fausto

2017-01-01

Satellite DNA (satDNA) is an abundant fraction of repetitive DNA in eukaryotic genomes and plays an important role in genome organization and evolution. In general, satDNA sequences follow a concerted evolutionary pattern through the intragenomic homogenization of different repeat units. In addition, the satDNA library hypothesis predicts that related species share a series of satDNA variants descended from a common ancestor species, with differential amplification of different satDNA variants. The finding of a same satDNA family in species belonging to different genera within Characidae fish provided the opportunity to test both concerted evolution and library hypotheses. For this purpose, we analyzed here sequence variation and abundance of this satDNA family in ten species, by a combination of next generation sequencing (NGS), PCR and Sanger sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We found extensive between-species variation for the number and size of pericentromeric FISH signals. At genomic level, the analysis of 1000s of DNA sequences obtained by Illumina sequencing and PCR amplification allowed defining 150 haplotypes which were linked in a common minimum spanning tree, where different patterns of concerted evolution were apparent. This also provided a glimpse into the satDNA library of this group of species. In consistency with the library hypothesis, different variants for this satDNA showed high differences in abundance between species, from highly abundant to simply relictual variants. PMID:28855916

Speech recognition in one- and two-talker maskers in school-age children and adults: Development of perceptual masking and glimpsing

PubMed Central

Buss, Emily; Leibold, Lori J.; Porter, Heather L.; Grose, John H.

2017-01-01

Children perform more poorly than adults on a wide range of masked speech perception paradigms, but this effect is particularly pronounced when the masker itself is also composed of speech. The present study evaluated two factors that might contribute to this effect: the ability to perceptually isolate the target from masker speech, and the ability to recognize target speech based on sparse cues (glimpsing). Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were estimated for closed-set, disyllabic word recognition in children (5–16 years) and adults in a one- or two-talker masker. Speech maskers were 60 dB sound pressure level (SPL), and they were either presented alone or in combination with a 50-dB-SPL speech-shaped noise masker. There was an age effect overall, but performance was adult-like at a younger age for the one-talker than the two-talker masker. Noise tended to elevate SRTs, particularly for older children and adults, and when summed with the one-talker masker. Removing time-frequency epochs associated with a poor target-to-masker ratio markedly improved SRTs, with larger effects for younger listeners; the age effect was not eliminated, however. Results were interpreted as indicating that development of speech-in-speech recognition is likely impacted by development of both perceptual masking and the ability recognize speech based on sparse cues. PMID:28464682

A glimpse from the inside of a space suit: What is it really like to train for an EVA?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gast, Matthew A.; Moore, Sandra K.

2011-01-01

The beauty of the view from the office of a spacewalking astronaut gives the impression of simplicity, but few beyond the astronauts, and those who train them, know what it really takes to get there. Extravehicular Activity (EVA) training is an intense process that utilizes NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) to develop a very specific skill set needed to safely construct and maintain the orbiting International Space Station. To qualify for flight assignments, astronauts must demonstrate the ability to work safely and efficiently in the physically demanding environment of the space suit, possess an acute ability to resolve unforeseen problems, and implement proper tool protocols to ensure no tools will be lost in space. Through the insights and the lessons learned by actual EVA astronauts and EVA instructors, this paper will take you on a journey through an astronaut's earliest experiences working in the space suit, termed the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), in the underwater training environment of the NBL. This work details an actual Suit Qualification NBL training event, outlines the numerous challenges the astronauts face throughout their initial training, and the various ways they adapt their own abilities to overcome them. The goal of this paper is to give everyone a small glimpse into what it is really like to work in a space suit.

A Glimpse from the Inside of a Space Suit: What Is It Really Like to Train for an EVA?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gast, Matthew A.; Moore, Sandra K.

2009-01-01

The beauty of the view from the office of a spacewalking astronaut gives the impression of simplicity, but few beyond the astronauts, and those who train them, know what it really takes to get there. Extravehicular Activity (EVA) training is an intense process that utilizes NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) to develop a very specific skill set needed to safely construct and maintain the orbiting International Space Station. To qualify for flight assignments, astronauts must demonstrate the ability to work safely and efficiently in the physically demanding environment of the spacesuit, possess an acute ability to resolve unforeseen problems, and implement proper tool protocols to ensure no tools will be lost in space. Through the insights and the lessons learned by actual EVA astronauts and EVA instructors, this paper twill take you on a journey through an astronaut's earliest experiences working in the spacesuit. termed the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), in the underwater training environment of the NBL. This work details an actual Suit Qualification NBL training event, outlines the numerous challenges the astronauts face throughout their initial training, and the various ways they adapt their own abilities to overcome them. The goal of this paper is to give everyone a small glimpse into what it is really like to work in a spacesuit.

Understanding the genetic and molecular pathogenesis of Friedreich’s ataxia through animal and cellular models

PubMed Central

Martelli, Alain; Napierala, Marek; Puccio, Hélène

2012-01-01

In 1996, a link was identified between Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), the most common inherited ataxia in men, and alterations in the gene encoding frataxin (FXN). Initial studies revealed that the disease is caused by a unique, most frequently biallelic, expansion of the GAA sequence in intron 1 of FXN. Since the identification of this link, there has been tremendous progress in understanding frataxin function and the mechanism of FRDA pathology, as well as in developing diagnostics and therapeutic approaches for the disease. These advances were the subject of the 4th International Friedreich’s Ataxia Conference held on 5th–7th May in the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France. More than 200 scientists gathered from all over the world to present the results of research spanning all areas of investigation into FRDA (including clinical aspects, FRDA pathogenesis, genetics and epigenetics of the disease, development of new models of FRDA, and drug discovery). This review provides an update on the understanding of frataxin function, developments of animal and cellular models of the disease, and recent advances in trying to uncover potential molecules for therapy. PMID:22382366

Mitral valve disease—morphology and mechanisms

PubMed Central

Levine, Robert A.; Hagége, Albert A.; Judge, Daniel P.; Padala, Muralidhar; Dal-Bianco, Jacob P.; Aikawa, Elena; Beaudoin, Jonathan; Bischoff, Joyce; Bouatia-Naji, Nabila; Bruneval, Patrick; Butcher, Jonathan T.; Carpentier, Alain; Chaput, Miguel; Chester, Adrian H.; Clusel, Catherine; Delling, Francesca N.; Dietz, Harry C.; Dina, Christian; Durst, Ronen; Fernandez-Friera, Leticia; Handschumacher, Mark D.; Jensen, Morten O.; Jeunemaitre, Xavier P.; Le Marec, Hervé; Le Tourneau, Thierry; Markwald, Roger R.; Mérot, Jean; Messas, Emmanuel; Milan, David P.; Neri, Tui; Norris, Russell A.; Peal, David; Perrocheau, Maelle; Probst, Vincent; Pucéat, Michael; Rosenthal, Nadia; Solis, Jorge; Schott, Jean-Jacques; Schwammenthal, Ehud; Slaugenhaupt, Susan A.; Song, Jae-Kwan; Yacoub, Magdi H.

2016-01-01

Mitral valve disease is a frequent cause of heart failure and death. Emerging evidence indicates that the mitral valve is not a passive structure, but—even in adult life—remains dynamic and accessible for treatment. This concept motivates efforts to reduce the clinical progression of mitral valve disease through early detection and modification of underlying mechanisms. Discoveries of genetic mutations causing mitral valve elongation and prolapse have revealed that growth factor signalling and cell migration pathways are regulated by structural molecules in ways that can be modified to limit progression from developmental defects to valve degeneration with clinical complications. Mitral valve enlargement can determine left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and might be stimulated by potentially modifiable biological valvular–ventricular interactions. Mitral valve plasticity also allows adaptive growth in response to ventricular remodelling. However, adverse cellular and mechanobiological processes create relative leaflet deficiency in the ischaemic setting, leading to mitral regurgitation with increased heart failure and mortality. Our approach, which bridges clinicians and basic scientists, enables the correlation of observed disease with cellular and molecular mechanisms, leading to the discovery of new opportunities for improving the natural history of mitral valve disease. PMID:26483167

Visualizing protein partnerships in living cells and organisms.

PubMed

Lowder, Melissa A; Appelbaum, Jacob S; Hobert, Elissa M; Schepartz, Alanna

2011-12-01

In recent years, scientists have expanded their focus from cataloging genes to characterizing the multiple states of their translated products. One anticipated result is a dynamic map of the protein association networks and activities that occur within the cellular environment. While in vitro-derived network maps can illustrate which of a multitude of possible protein-protein associations could exist, they supply a falsely static picture lacking the subtleties of subcellular location (where) or cellular state (when). Generating protein association network maps that are informed by both subcellular location and cell state requires novel approaches that accurately characterize the state of protein associations in living cells and provide precise spatiotemporal resolution. In this review, we highlight recent advances in visualizing protein associations and networks under increasingly native conditions. These advances include second generation protein complementation assays (PCAs), chemical and photo-crosslinking techniques, and proximity-induced ligation approaches. The advances described focus on background reduction, signal optimization, rapid and reversible reporter assembly, decreased cytotoxicity, and minimal functional perturbation. Key breakthroughs have addressed many challenges and should expand the repertoire of tools useful for generating maps of protein interactions resolved in both time and space. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Report on the National Eye Institute Audacious Goals Initiative: Replacement of Retinal Ganglion Cells from Endogenous Cell Sources.

PubMed

Vetter, Monica L; Hitchcock, Peter F

2017-03-01

This report emerges from a workshop convened by the National Eye Institute (NEI) as part of the "Audacious Goals Initiative" (AGI). The workshop addressed the replacement of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from exogenous and endogenous sources, and sought to identify the gaps in our knowledge and barriers to progress in devising cellular replacement therapies for diseases where RGCs die. Here, we briefly review relevant literature regarding common diseases associated with RGC death, the genesis of RGCs in vivo, strategies for generating transplantable RGCs in vitro, and potential endogenous cellular sources to regenerate these cells. These topics provided the clinical and scientific context for the discussion among the workshop participants and are relevant to efforts that may lead to therapeutic approaches for replacing RGCs. This report also summarizes the content of the workshop discussion, which focused on: (1) cell sources for RGC replacement and regeneration, (2) optimizing integration, survival, and synaptogenesis of new RGCs, and (3) approaches for assessing the outcomes of RGC replacement therapies. We conclude this report with a summary of recommendations, based on the workshop discussions, which may guide vision scientists seeking to develop therapies for replacing RGCs in humans.

De Novo Metabolic Engineering and the Promise of Synthetic DNA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Yadav, Vikramaditya G.; Ghaderi, Adel; Stephanopoulos, Gregory N.

The uncertain price and tight supply of crude oil and the ever-increasing demand for clean energy have prompted heightened attention to the development of sustainable fuel technologies that ensure continued economic development while maintaining stewardship of the environment. In the face of these enormous challenges, biomass has emerged as a viable alternative to petroleum for the production of energy, chemicals, and materials owing to its abundance, inexpensiveness, and carbon-neutrality. Moreover, the immense ease and efficiency of biological systems at converting biomass-derived feedstocks into fuels, chemicals, and materials has generated renewed interest in biotechnology as a replacement for traditional chemical processes. Aided by the ever-expanding repertoire of microbial genetics and plant biotechnology, improved understanding of gene regulation and cellular metabolism, and incessantly accumulating gene and protein data, scientists are now contemplating engineering microbial cell factories to produce fuels, chemical feedstocks, polymers and pharmaceuticals in an economically and environmentally sustainable way. This goal resonates with that of metabolic engineering - the improvement of cellular properties through the intelligent design, rational modification, or directed evolution of biochemical pathways, and arguably, metabolic engineering seems best positioned to achieve the concomittant goals of environmental stewardship and economic prolificity.

Generative mechanistic explanation building in undergraduate molecular and cellular biology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Southard, Katelyn M.; Espindola, Melissa R.; Zaepfel, Samantha D.; Bolger, Molly S.

2017-09-01

When conducting scientific research, experts in molecular and cellular biology (MCB) use specific reasoning strategies to construct mechanistic explanations for the underlying causal features of molecular phenomena. We explored how undergraduate students applied this scientific practice in MCB. Drawing from studies of explanation building among scientists, we created and applied a theoretical framework to explore the strategies students use to construct explanations for 'novel' biological phenomena. Specifically, we explored how students navigated the multi-level nature of complex biological systems using generative mechanistic reasoning. Interviews were conducted with introductory and upper-division biology students at a large public university in the United States. Results of qualitative coding revealed key features of students' explanation building. Students used modular thinking to consider the functional subdivisions of the system, which they 'filled in' to varying degrees with mechanistic elements. They also hypothesised the involvement of mechanistic entities and instantiated abstract schema to adapt their explanations to unfamiliar biological contexts. Finally, we explored the flexible thinking that students used to hypothesise the impact of mutations on multi-leveled biological systems. Results revealed a number of ways that students drew mechanistic connections between molecules, functional modules (sets of molecules with an emergent function), cells, tissues, organisms and populations.

Progress in plant research in space.

PubMed

Dutcher, F R; Hess, E L; Halstead, T W

1994-01-01

Progress is reviewed of spaceflight research conducted with plants between 1987 and 1992. Numerous plant experiments have been performed on spacecraft and sounding rockets in the past five years by scientists of the US, the former Soviet Union, Europe, and other areas. The experiments are categorized into three areas: gravity sensing, transduction, and response; development and reproduction; and metabolism, photosynthesis, and transport. The results of these experiments continue to demonstrate that gravity and/or other factors of spaceflight affect plants at the organismal, cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels, resulting in changes in orientation, development, metabolism, and growth. The challenge now is to truly dissect the effects of gravity from those of other spaceflight factors and to identify the basic mechanisms underlying gravity's effects.

Health Detectives: Uncovering the Mysteries of Disease (LBNL Science at the Theater)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bissell, Mina; Canaria, Christie; Celnicker, Susan

In this April 23, 2012 Science at the Theater event, Berkeley Lab scientists discuss how they uncover the mysteries of disease in unlikely places. Speakers and topics include: World-renowned cancer researcher Mina Bissell's pioneering research on the role of the cellular microenvironment in breast cancer has changed the conversation about the disease. How does DNA instability cause disease? To find out, Christie Canaria images neural networks to study disorders such as Huntington's disease. Fruit flies can tell us a lot about ourselves. Susan Celniker explores the fruit fly genome to learn how our genome works. DNA is not destiny. Garymore » Karpen explores how environmental factors shape genome function and disease through epigenetics.« less

Chitosan Biomaterials for Current and Potential Dental Applications

PubMed Central

Husain, Shehriar; Al-Samadani, Khalid H.; Najeeb, Shariq; Zafar, Muhammad S.; Khurshid, Zohaib; Zohaib, Sana; Qasim, Saad B.

2017-01-01

Chitosan (CHS) is a very versatile natural biomaterial that has been explored for a range of bio-dental applications. CHS has numerous favourable properties such as biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, and a broad antibacterial spectrum (covering gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi). In addition, the molecular structure boasts reactive functional groups that provide numerous reaction sites and opportunities for forging electrochemical relationships at the cellular and molecular levels. The unique properties of CHS have attracted materials scientists around the globe to explore it for bio-dental applications. This review aims to highlight and discuss the hype around the development of novel chitosan biomaterials. Utilizing chitosan as a critical additive for the modification and improvement of existing dental materials has also been discussed. PMID:28772963

Book Review: War Made New: Weapons, Warriors, and the Making of the Modern World, by Max Boot

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-12

Lab, DFMis premier networked classroom . Cadet Gordan Lang fo llows with his proposal for a j oint military cyber school to train the rising generation...Spanish Armada:· opens with the Spanish catching their first glimpse of the English coastline on 29 July 1588.1 His method of inter- weaving storytelling ...victorious over equal, and sometimes superior, adversaries. Boot’s storytelling combined with factual accounts from various battles across history

The Arab Spring in Egypt: What are the Implications for U.S. Foreign Policy

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

that hangs in Morsi’s childhood bedroom. The poster is of the Al Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem . Emblazed on it is the slogan, “We will return, oh Aqsa.”9...Arabs and the Jews and we will regain Jerusalem .” People can certainly change, but these glimpses into President Morsi’s past create apprehension...consensus, and judicial opinion. 7 "Mohamed Morsi." 2013. The Biography Channel website. Dec 17 2012, 07:50 http://www.biography.com/people/mohamed-morsi

Transonic Symposium: Theory, Application, and Experiment, volume 1, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Foughner, Jerome T., Jr. (Compiler)

1989-01-01

In order to assess the state of the art in transonic flow disciplines and to glimpse at future directions, NASA-Langley held a Transonic Symposium. Emphasis was placed on steady, three dimensional external, transonic flow and its simulation, both numerically and experimentally. The symposium included technical sessions on wind tunnel and flight experiments; computational fluid dynamic applications; inviscid methods and grid generation; viscous methods and boundary layer stability; and wind tunnel techniques and wall interference. This, being volume 1, is unclassified.

Collective behaviour across animal species

PubMed Central

DeLellis, Pietro; Polverino, Giovanni; Ustuner, Gozde; Abaid, Nicole; Macrì, Simone; Bollt, Erik M.; Porfiri, Maurizio

2014-01-01

We posit a new geometric perspective to define, detect, and classify inherent patterns of collective behaviour across a variety of animal species. We show that machine learning techniques, and specifically the isometric mapping algorithm, allow the identification and interpretation of different types of collective behaviour in five social animal species. These results offer a first glimpse at the transformative potential of machine learning for ethology, similar to its impact on robotics, where it enabled robots to recognize objects and navigate the environment. PMID:24430561

Plant developmental biologists meet on stairways in Matera.

PubMed

Beeckman, Tom; Friml, Jiri

2012-10-01

The third EMBO Conference on Plant Molecular Biology, which focused on 'Plant development and environmental interactions', was held in May 2012 in Matera, Italy. Here, we review some of the topics and themes that emerged from the various contributions; namely, steering technologies, transcriptional networks and hormonal regulation, small RNAs, cell and tissue polarity, environmental control and natural variation. We intend to provide the reader who might have missed this remarkable event with a glimpse of the recent progress made in this blossoming research field.

[Digitizing Human and Social Sciences Journals. Recent History and Perspectives].

PubMed

Parisot, Thomas

2015-06-01

Recent years have seen the emergence and the gradual rise of French journals digital offers in the fields of human and social sciences. In this article, we will both reconsider the conditions of occurrence of these services and discuss the evolution of their environment. Through the example of several emerging initiatives in the field of scientific publishing, in a context marked by continuity but also rupture, we will try to glimpse the role journals could play in the new digital world being created.

A Phase Matching, Adiabatic Accelerator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lemery, Francois; Flöttmann, Klaus; Kärtner, Franz

2017-05-01

Tabletop accelerators are a thing of the future. Reducing their size will require scaling down electromagnetic wavelengths; however, without correspondingly high field gradients, particles will be more susceptible to phase-slippage – especially at low energy. We investigate how an adiabatically-tapered dielectric-lined waveguide could maintain phase-matching between the accelerating mode and electron bunch. We benchmark our simple model with CST and implement it into ASTRA; finally we provide a first glimpse into the beam dynamics in a phase-matching accelerator.

Glimpsing Colour in a World of Black and White

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Michael Pennington

2012-09-01

The past 40 years have taught us that nucleons are built of constituents that carry colour charges with interactions governed by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). How experiments (past, present and future) at Jefferson Lab probe colourless nuclei to map out these internal colour degrees of freedom is presented. When combined with theoretical calculations, these will paint a picture of how the confinement of quarks and gluons, and the structure of the QCD vacuum, determine the properties of all (light) strongly interacting states.

Statement by Dr. Raul A. Deju to the Subcommittee on Radioactive Waste, Energy and Utilities Committee, Washington State Senate, Richland, Washington, October 21, 1982

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deju, R.A.

1982-10-01

The Basalt Waste Isolation Project's mission is to assess whether or not a nuclear waste repository can be sited in the basalts beneath the Hanford Site. Dr. Deju summarizes the results of the siting studies, the activities connected with waste package development, and ongoing engineering studies. In addition, he gives a glimpse of past technical reviews of the project and comments on major technical activities planned in the near future.

Lights, camera, actin.

PubMed

Rubenstein, Peter A; Wen, Kuo-Kuang

2005-10-01

Actin participates in many important biological processes. Currently, intensive investigation is being carried out in a number of laboratories concerning the function of actin in these processes and the molecular basis of its functions. We present a glimpse into four of these areas: actin-like proteins in bacterial cells, actin in the eukaryotic nucleus, the conformational plasticity of the actin filament, and finally, Arp2/3-dependent regulation of actin filament branching and creation of new filament barbed ends. IUBMB Life, 57: 683-687, 2005.

Of Death Stars and Death Rays: A Glimpse At The Future of Space Warfare

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

remains in step. The potential for long-term energy mining from the moon (discussed later in this paper) must also be a consideration as there will be a...spacecraft to the Itokawa asteroid , collected soil samples, and safely returned the mission to Earth. 37 In 2007, they demonstrated their mastery...helium-3 is dispersed across the lunar surface, large-scale mining operations and specialized equipment needed to extract the gas from lunar rocks will

A Rare Case of FAP in Kashmir Valley.

PubMed

Sameer, A Syed; Pandith, Arshad A; Syeed, Nidda; Siddiqi, Mushtaq A; Chowdri, Nissar A

2011-06-01

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is the commonest form of inherited form of CRC. It comprises of about 5% of all the colorectal cancers (CRCs). FAP patients have a family history of CRC that suggests a genetic contribution, common exposures among family members, or a combination of both. This case report gives a glimpse of the phenotypic manifestation of FAP and the underlying molecular mechanism which leads to FAP, in addition it also sheds a light on the management of FAP in early stages of life.