Handbook for Contracting with Nonpublic Schools for Exceptional Individuals: A Guide for Contracting between Local Educational Agencies and Nonpublic, Nonsectarian Schools and Agencies for Providing Special Education and Related Services to Exceptional Individuals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miyamoto, Wayne K.

The handbook is intended to serve as a basic guide to California practices in the use of contracted nonpublic school (NPS) or agency (NPA) services to provide a free appropriate public education to eligible handicapped children. The handbook covers: an overview of requirements for nonpublic, nonsectarian special education school and agency…

If It Walks like a Duck and Quacks like a Duck then Must It Be a Rabbit? Programs, Systems and a Cumulative Science of Children's Mental Health Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenblatt, Abram

2010-01-01

The system of care approach as a strategy for serving children and adolescents with serious emotional disturbance (SED) is by any measure a success with one exception: there is controversy regarding the scientific evidence documenting that the services provided through systems of care improve the symptomatic and functional outcomes of the youth…

Population targeting amid complex mental health programming: Are California's Full Service Partnerships reaching underserved children?

PubMed

Cordell, Katharan D; Snowden, Lonnie R

2017-01-01

California's Mental Health Services Act (MHSA) created Full Service Partnership programs (FSPs) targeting socially and economically vulnerable children with mental illness who are underserved by counties' public mental health treatment system. To determine whether FSPs reach a distinctive group of children, this study compares indicators of FSP-targeted underservice for FSP entrants (n = 15,598) versus everyone treated in the counties' public mental health systems (n = 282,178) and for FSP entrants versus entrants in the most intensive Medicaid delivered program in California, Therapeutic Behavioral Services (TBS, n = 11,993). Results identify that, despite first encountering mental health services systems at earlier ages, FSP clients had fewer months of treatment and were less likely to have been treated in the prior 6 months, except for crisis care, as compared to all other children served, after considering clinical severity and indicators of service need. FSP entrants also had more substance abuse and trauma-related problems. Although less seriously ill than TBS served children, FSP served children were significantly underserved. The results indicate that, amid overlapping policies and programs, carving out and reaching a distinctly underserved population can be achieved in practice, and that specialized programs, such as the FSP program, which target underserved children, have the potential to augment a system's ability to reach the underserved. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Kids at Hope: Every Child Can Succeed, No Exceptions! 3rd Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlos, John P.; Miller, Rick

2010-01-01

"Kids at Hope" inspires, empowers, and transforms families, youth serving organizations and entire communities to create an environment where all children experience success. This book contains the following chapters: (1) The Visit Universal Truths I & II; (2) The Classroom (A Celebration of Success); (3) What Makes a Difference?; (4) No…

78 FR 62650 - Request for Nominees to Serve on the Bureau of Indian Education Advisory Board for Exceptional...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

... educational programming; (4) Provide advice and recommendations for preparation of information required to be... children with disabilities. (c) A summary of the candidate's qualifications (r[eacute]sum[eacute] or... Application (Please fill out this form completely and include a copy of the nominee's r[eacute]sum[eacute] or...

Planning for Universal Design for Learning in the Early Childhood Inclusion Classroom: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stone, Jennifer

2013-01-01

The majority of children with exceptionalities aged 3-5 are being served in general education settings. Teachers working in these inclusion classrooms must have the ability and knowledge to work with all students under their care. The purpose of this study was to determine how teachers in early childhood inclusion classrooms plan to incorporate…

Low accuracy and low consistency of fourth-graders' school breakfast and school lunch recalls

PubMed Central

THOMPSON, WILLIAM 0.; LITAKER, MARK S.; FRYE, FRANCESCA H.A.; GUINN, CAROLINE H.

2005-01-01

Objective To determine the accuracy and consistency of fourth-graders' school breakfast and school lunch recalls obtained during 24-hour recalls and compared with observed intake. Design Children were interviewed using a multiple-pass protocol at school the morning after being observed eating school breakfast and school lunch. Subjects 104 children stratified by ethnicity (African-American, white) and gender were randomly selected and interviewed up to 3 times each with 4 to 14 weeks between each interview. Statistical analysis Match, omission, and intrusion rates to determine accuracy of reporting items; arithmetic and/or absolute differences to determine accuracy for reporting amounts; total inaccuracy to determine inaccuracy for reporting items and amounts combined; intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to determine consistency. Results Means were 51% for omission rate, 39% for intrusion rate, and 7.1 servings for total inaccuracy. Total inaccuracy decreased significantly from the first to the third recall (P=0.006). The ICC was 0.29 for total inaccuracy and 0.15 for omission rate. For all meal components except bread/grain and beverage, there were more omissions than intrusions. Mean arithmetic and absolute differences per serving in amount reported for matches were -0.08 and 0.24, respectively. Mean amounts per serving of omissions and intrusions were 0.86 and 0.80, respectively. Applications/conclusions The low accuracy and low consistency of children's recalls from this study raise concerns regarding the current uses of dietary recalls obtained from children. To improve the accuracy and consistency of children's dietary recalls, validation studies are needed to determine the best way(s) to interview children. PMID:11905461

A Gifted and Talented Curriculum Handbook for Science in the Intermediate Grades of Lee County's Department of Exceptional Children. Gifted and Talented Resource Program, Grades 4-6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baggarley, Margaret; And Others

Intended for regular classroom teachers in intermediate science classes serving the gifted and talented student, the curriculum handbook is designed to give a basic understanding of gifted education, to list appropriate goals and objectives for the gifted student, and to suggest materials and strategies for implementation within the regular…

Toddler foods, children's foods: assessing sodium in packaged supermarket foods targeted at children.

PubMed

Elliott, Charlene D; Conlon, Martin J

2011-03-01

To critically examine child-oriented packaged food products sold in Canada for their sodium content, and to assess them light of intake recommendations, the current policy context and suggested targets. Baby/toddler foods (n 186) and child-oriented packaged foods (n 354) were coded for various attributes (including sodium). Summary statistics were created for sodium, then the children's food products were compared with the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) 'targets' for sodium in packaged foods. Also assessed were the products' per-serving sodium levels were assessed in light of the US Institute of Medicine's dietary reference intakes and Canada's Food Guide. Calgary, Alberta, Canada. None. Twenty per cent of products could be classified as having high sodium levels. Certain sub-categories of food (i.e. toddler entrées, children's packaged lunches, soups and canned pastas) were problematic. Significantly, when scaled in according to Schedule M or viewed in light of the serving sizes on the Nutrition Facts table, the sodium level in various dry goods products generally fell within, and below, the Adequate Intake (AI)/Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) band for sodium. When scaled in accordance with the UK FSA targets, however, none of the (same) products met the targets. In light of AI/UL thresholds based on age and per-serving cut-offs, packaged foodstuffs for youngsters fare relatively well, with the exception of some problematic areas. 'Stealth sodium' and 'subtle sodium' are important considerations; so is use of the FSA's scaling method to evaluate sodium content, because it is highly sensitive to the difference between the reference amount and the actual real-world serving size for the product being considered.

ADHD Correlates, Comorbidity, and Impairment in Community and Treated Samples of Children and Adolescents

PubMed Central

Shrout, Patrick E.; Ramírez, Rafael; Bravo, Milagros; Alegría, Margarita; Martínez-Taboas, Alfonso; Chávez, Ligia; Rubio-Stipec, Maritza; García, Pedro; Ribera, Julio C.; Canino, Glorisa

2013-01-01

Patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and youth were examined in representative samples from the community and from treatment facilities serving medically indigent youth in Puerto Rico. Information from caretakers and youths was obtained using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, (version IV), measures of global impairment, and a battery of potential correlates. In the community (N=1,896) and the treated samples (N=763), 7.5 and 26.2% of the children, respectively, met criteria for DSM-IVADHD in the previous year. Although the prevalence rates and degree of impairment differed, the general patterns of correlates, comorbidity and impairment were similar in both populations. The exceptions were associated with conduct disorder, anxiety, impairment in the ADHD comorbid group, and age factors that appeared to be related to selection into treatment. PMID:17505876

Nutritional quality of foods and beverages on child-care centre menus in Mexico

PubMed Central

Benjamin Neelon, Sara E.; Reyes-Morales, Hortensia; Haines, Jess; Gillman, Matthew W.; Taveras, Elsie M.

2013-01-01

Objective The purpose of the present study was to assess the nutritional quality of foods and beverages listed on menus serving children in government-sponsored child-care centres throughout Mexico. Design For this cross-sectional menu assessment, we compared (i) food groups and portion sizes of foods and beverages on the menus with MyPlate recommendations and (ii) macronutrients, sugar and fibre with Daily Reference Intake standards. Setting Menus reflected foods and beverages served to children attending one of 142 government-sponsored child-care centres throughout Mexico. Subjects There were fifty-four distinct menus for children aged 4–6 months, 7–9 months, 10–12 months, 13–23 months, 24–47 months and 48–72 months. Results Menus included a variety of foods meeting minimum MyPlate recommendations for each food category except whole grains for children aged 48–72 months. Menus listed excessive amounts of high-energy beverages, including full-fat milk, fruit juice and sugar-sweetened beverages for children of all ages. The mean daily energy content of menu items yielded an average of 2·76 MJ for infants, 4·77 MJ for children aged 13–23 months, 5·36 MJ for children aged 24–47 months and 5·87 MJ for children aged 48–72 months. Foods and beverages on menus provided sufficient grams of carbohydrate and fat, but excessive protein. Conclusions Menus provided a variety of foods but excessive energy. Whole grains were limited, and high-energy beverages were prevalent. Both may be appropriate targets for nutrition intervention. Future studies should move beyond menus and assess what children actually consume in child care. PMID:23036360

Nutritional quality of foods and beverages on child-care centre menus in Mexico.

PubMed

Benjamin Neelon, Sara E; Reyes-Morales, Hortensia; Haines, Jess; Gillman, Matthew W; Taveras, Elsie M

2013-11-01

The purpose of the present study was to assess the nutritional quality of foods and beverages listed on menus serving children in government-sponsored child-care centres throughout Mexico. For this cross-sectional menu assessment, we compared (i) food groups and portion sizes of foods and beverages on the menus with MyPlate recommendations and (ii) macronutrients, sugar and fibre with Daily Reference Intake standards. Menus reflected foods and beverages served to children attending one of 142 government-sponsored child-care centres throughout Mexico. There were fifty-four distinct menus for children aged 4–6 months, 7–9 months, 10–12 months, 13–23 months, 24–47 months and 48–72 months. Menus included a variety of foods meeting minimum MyPlate recommendations for each food category except whole grains for children aged 48–72 months. Menus listed excessive amounts of high-energy beverages, including full-fat milk, fruit juice and sugar-sweetened beverages for children of all ages. The mean daily energy content of menu items yielded an average of 2?76 MJ for infants, 4.77 MJ for children aged 13–23 months, 5.36 MJ for children aged 24–47 months and 5.87 MJ for children aged 48–72 months. Foods and beverages on menus provided sufficient grams of carbohydrate and fat, but excessive protein. Menus provided a variety of foods but excessive energy. Whole grains were limited, and high-energy beverages were prevalent. Both may be appropriate targets for nutrition intervention. Future studies should move beyond menus and assess what children actually consume in child care.

Preschool children's sensitivity to teacher-served portion size is linked to age related differences in leftovers.

PubMed

McCrickerd, Keri; Leong, Claudia; Forde, Ciaran G

2017-07-01

A strong predictor of children's food intake at a meal is the amount they are served, and with a high percentage children attending preschool, there is a need to consider the relationship between portion size and intake in this context. In a two-part repeated measures study we investigated whether the portions teachers serve to children i) differ from those children would serve themselves and ii) impact food intake at a local preschool in Singapore. Part 1 (n = 37, 20 boys, 3.0-6.8 years) compared the quantity of food served, consumed and leftover across three serving methods: 'regular' teacher-serving; child self-served portions; and a deliberately large portion served by the teacher (150% of each child's average previous gram intake). Part 2 (n = 44, 23 boys, 2.4-6.2 years old) consisted of three additional observations of school-based servings outside of the experimental manipulation and enhance external validity of the study findings. Results indicated that serving size and intake was similar when the children and teachers served their 'regular' portions, but children consumed most overall when the teacher served the larger 150% portion. This was dependent on the child's age, with the oldest children being most responsive to the large portions while the youngest children tended to serve and consume a similar weight of food, regardless of the serving method. Though the younger children were generally served less than the older children, they consistently had more leftovers across all of the study observations. These data suggest that younger preschool children moderated food intake by leaving food in their bowl, and emphasise the unique influence of caregivers over children's eating behaviours outside of the home environment. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public Policy and the Education of Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weintraub, Frederick J., Ed.; And Others

Intended for persons concerned about public policies for exceptional children and those engaged in creating public policy, the book provides guidelines and examples of appropriate policies for exceptional children. Considered in Section I are the varying rights that advocacy groups have won for exceptional children in the legislatures, courts, and…

Public Policy and the Education of Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weintraub, Frederick J., Ed.; And Others

Intended for persons concerned about public policies for exceptional children and those engaged in creating public policy, the book provides guidelines and examples of appropriate policies for exceptional children. Considered in Section 1 are the varying rights that advocacy groups have won for exceptional children in the legislatures, courts, and…

Word-initial /r/-clusters in Swedish speaking children with typical versus protracted phonological development.

PubMed

Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger

2018-01-01

The present study investigated word-initial (WI) /r/-clusters in Central Swedish-speaking children with and without protracted phonological development (PPD). Data for WI singleton /r/ and singleton and cluster /l/ served as comparisons. Participants were twelve 4-year-olds with PPD and twelve age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Native speakers audio-recorded and transcribed 109 target single words using a Swedish phonology test with 12 WI C+/r/-clusters and three WI CC+/r/-clusters. The results showed significantly higher match scores for the TD children, a lower match proportion for the /r/ targets and for singletons compared with clusters, and differences in mismatch patterns between the groups. There were no matches for /r/-cluster targets in the PPD group, with all children except two in that group showing deletions for both /r/-cluster types. The differences in mismatch proportions and types between the PPD group and controls suggests new directions for future clinical practice.

Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland

PubMed Central

Harton, Anna

2018-01-01

Although the nutritional value of preschool menus largely determines the proper nutrition of attending children, their nutrient composition often does not meet the standards. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional value of menus served in preschools throughout Poland. We analyzed a sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 270 full-board government-sponsored preschools. Nutrient content was calculated per child per day, and compared with 70% of dietary reference intake (DRI) for children aged 1–3 and 4–6. The content of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates generally exceeded 70% of DRI. The amount of vitamins was correct, with the exception of vitamin D (100% of daycare centers (DCCs) were below the recommendations); in ≤3% of preschools vitamin E, folate, and niacin were below DRI. Calcium was too low in 63% of preschools for children aged 1–3 years and in 99% for 4–6-year-olds. A shortage of iodine, iron, and potassium (especially for 4–6-year-olds) was observed in a small number of preschools. Our study highlights the need for uniform legal standards of nutrition in childcare centers, based on the current recommendations for the age group. PMID:29748511

Implementation of Dietary Reference Intake Standards in Preschool Menus in Poland.

PubMed

Myszkowska-Ryciak, Joanna; Harton, Anna

2018-05-10

Although the nutritional value of preschool menus largely determines the proper nutrition of attending children, their nutrient composition often does not meet the standards. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional value of menus served in preschools throughout Poland. We analyzed a sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 270 full-board government-sponsored preschools. Nutrient content was calculated per child per day, and compared with 70% of dietary reference intake (DRI) for children aged 1⁻3 and 4⁻6. The content of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates generally exceeded 70% of DRI. The amount of vitamins was correct, with the exception of vitamin D (100% of daycare centers (DCCs) were below the recommendations); in ≤3% of preschools vitamin E, folate, and niacin were below DRI. Calcium was too low in 63% of preschools for children aged 1⁻3 years and in 99% for 4⁻6-year-olds. A shortage of iodine, iron, and potassium (especially for 4⁻6-year-olds) was observed in a small number of preschools. Our study highlights the need for uniform legal standards of nutrition in childcare centers, based on the current recommendations for the age group.

Extraverted Children Are More Biased by Bowl Sizes than Introverts

PubMed Central

van Ittersum, Koert; Wansink, Brian

2013-01-01

Extraverted children are hypothesized to be most at risk for over-serving and overeating due to environmental cues – such as the size of dinnerware. A within-subject field study of elementary school students found that extraverted children served themselves 33.1% more cereal in larger bowls (16-oz) than in smaller (12-oz) bowls, whereas introverted children were unaffected by bowl size (+5.6%, ns). However, when children were asked by adults how much cereal they wanted to eat, both extraverted and introverted children requested more cereal when given a large versus small bowl. Insofar as extraverted children appear to be more biased by environmental cues, this pilot study suggests different serving styles are recommended for parents and other caregivers. They should serve extraverts, but allow introverts to serve themselves. Still, since the average child still served 23.2% more when serving themselves than when served by an adult, it might be best for caregivers to do the serving whenever possible – especially for extraverted children. PMID:24205166

77 FR 70807 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-27

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

77 FR 47873 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

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2012-08-10

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

76 FR 40929 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

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2011-07-12

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

75 FR 50780 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-17

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

76 FR 17965 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

75 FR 82410 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

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2010-12-30

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

77 FR 16062 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

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2012-03-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

77 FR 28897 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-16

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... (BIE) is announcing that the Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its... Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The...

External influences on children's self-served portions at meals.

PubMed

Fisher, J O; Birch, L L; Zhang, J; Grusak, M A; Hughes, S O

2013-07-01

Large portions promote intake among children, but little is known about the external influences of the eating environment on children's self-selected portion sizes. This research experimentally tested effects of the amount of entree available and serving spoon size on children's self-served entree portions and intakes at dinner meals. A secondary objective was to identify child and family predictors of self-served entree portion sizes. A 2 × 2 within-subjects design was used, in which the amount of a pasta entree available for self-serving (275 vs 550 g) and the serving spoon size (teaspoon vs tablespoon) were systematically varied. The serving bowl size and portion sizes of all other foods offered were held constant across conditions. Conditions were spaced 1 week apart and randomly assigned. Weighed self-served entree portions and food intakes as well as demographics, maternal feeding styles and child/maternal anthropometrics were measured. Participants were 60 ethnically diverse children aged 4-6 years and their mothers. Mixed models revealed that children served themselves 40% more entree when the amount available was doubled (P<0.0001) and 13% more when the serving spoon size was tripled (P<0.05). Serving spoon size and the amount of entree available indirectly influenced children's intake, with larger self-served portion sizes related to greater entree intakes (P<0.0001). Greater self-served portions and energy intakes at the meal were seen among those children whose mothers reported indulgent or authoritarian feeding styles (P<0.001). Children's self-served portion sizes at meals are influenced by size-related facets of the eating environment and reflect maternal feeding styles.

78 FR 42105 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

....97C22214.001] Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY: Bureau of Indian Affairs, Interior. ACTION... for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its next meeting in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The... (IDEA) for Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The Advisory Board will meet on Thursday, July 18...

75 FR 23288 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-03

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY... Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its next meeting in Old Town, Maine. The purpose of the... Indian children with disabilities. DATES: The Advisory Board will meet on Monday, May 17, 2010, from 8:30...

Health and Safety Considerations: Caring for Young Children with Exceptional Health Care Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Presler, Betty

This manual on health and safety considerations in caring for young children with exceptional health care needs is a product of Project EXCEPTIONAL (EXceptional Children: Education in Preschool Techniques for Inclusion, Opportunity-building, Nurturing And Learning), which has the goal of increasing the quality and quantity of inclusive child care…

Navigating the Repeal of Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-24

different categories, except for non-heterosexuals. They serve in the U.S. Armed Forces now and they will continue to serve in the future. Legal ...categories, except for non-heterosexuals. They serve in the U.S. Armed Forces now and they will continue to serve in the future. Legal integration... homosexuals . This shortlist can be boiled down to sex, race, religion, ethnicity, age and sexual orientation. Over the years, the U.S. military

Traits as dimensions or categories? Developmental change in the understanding of trait terms.

PubMed

Gonzalez, Celia M; Zosuls, Kristina M; Ruble, Diane N

2010-09-01

Recent research has suggested that young children have relatively well-developed trait concepts. However, this literature overlooks potential age-related differences in children's appreciation of the fundamentally dimensional nature of traits. In Study 1, we presented 4-, 5-, and 7-year-old children and adults with sets of characters and asked them to indicate the preferences of a target character who shared appearance attributes with one character (appearance match) and shared a common trait with the other character (trait match). Traits were presented in a way that emphasized either their categorical or their dimensional nature. When the dimensional nature of trait terms was emphasized, the youngest children made fewer trait-based inferences, and the use of traits increased with age. In Study 2, we gave 4-year-old children and adults the same task except that the extent to which appearance cues could serve as a meaningful basis of judgment was varied. Results were consistent with the findings of Study 1, although children were more likely to rely on dimensional presentations of traits in the absence of strong appearance cues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Do children eat less at meals when allowed to serve themselves?

PubMed

Savage, Jennifer S; Haisfield, Lisa; Fisher, Jennifer O; Marini, Michele; Birch, Leann L

2012-07-01

The effect of self-serving on young children's energy intake is not well understood. The objective was to examine individual differences in the effects of plated and self-served entrée portions on children's energy intake. Two within-subjects experiments were used to examine ad libitum intake at meals in 63 children aged 3-5 y when 400 g of a pasta entrée was either plated or available for children to self-serve. Child age, sex, BMI, and responsiveness to increasing portion size (defined as individual slope estimates relating ad libitum intake of the entrée across a range of entrée portions) were evaluated as predictors of self-served portions. Children's entrée and meal intakes did not differ between the self-served and plated conditions for the total sample or by child weight status. However, larger self-served entrée portions were associated with greater entrée and meal intakes. Children who served themselves larger entrée portions tended to be overweight and more responsive to portion size (ie, greater increases in entrée intake as plated portion size increased). Last, self-served portion predicted both entrée and meal intake over and above BMI z score and responsiveness to portion. Contrary to our hypothesis, relative to plated portions, allowing children to self-serve the entrée portion did not reduce energy intake. Children who were more responsive to portion-size effects were likely to self-serve and eat larger entrée portions. Self-serving is not a one-size-fits-all approach; some children may need guidance and rules to learn how to self-select appropriate portion sizes.

Salivary pH and Buffering Capacity as Risk Markers for Early Childhood Caries: A Clinical Study.

PubMed

Jayaraj, D; Ganesan, S

2015-01-01

The diagnostic utility of saliva is currently being explored in various branches of dentistry, remarkably in the field of caries research. This study was aimed to determine if assessment of salivary pH and buffering capacity would serve as reliable tools in risk prediction of early childhood caries (ECC). Paraffin-stimulated salivary samples were collected from 50 children with ECC (group I) and 50 caries free children (group II). Salivary pH and buffering capacity (by titration with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid) were assessed using a handheld digital pH meter in both groups. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Statistically, no significant difference was observed between both the groups for all salivary parameters assessed, except for the buffering capacity level at 150 μl titration of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (p = 0.73; significant at 1% level). Salivary pH and buffering capacity may not serve as reliable markers for risk prediction of ECC. How to cite this article: Jayaraj D, Ganesan S. Salivary pH and Buffering Capacity as Risk Markers for Early Childhood Caries: A Clinical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(3):167-171.

Parental Attitudes toward Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Love, Harold D.

Written to aid the professional in understanding parental attitudes toward their exceptional children in counseling, the text could also be used by parents to better understand their children. Described are types of exceptionalities, incidence, psychological assessment and evaluation, and the intelligence range from mentally handicapped to the…

75 FR 53334 - Advisory Board for Exceptional Children

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-31

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Board for Exceptional Children AGENCY: Bureau of Indian Affairs, Interior. ACTION: Notice of meeting; correction. SUMMARY: The Bureau of Indian... Advisory Board for Exceptional Children (Advisory Board) will hold its next meeting in Washington, DC. The...

77 FR 22769 - Amendment to the Inland Waterways Users Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-17

... observers, who have no voting rights, shall be full-time or permanent part-time employees of his or her... to serve as the Board's Chairperson. With the exception of travel and per diem for official travel... serve more than two consecutive terms of service on the subcommittee. With the exception of travel and...

77 FR 54569 - Renewal of U.S. Naval Academy Board of Visitors

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-05

... Board's Chairperson from the total membership. With the exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Board members shall serve without compensation. The Board, pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Sec. 6968(g) and... advisers shall, with the exception of travel and per diem for official travel, serve without compensation...

Does Nutritional Intake Differ between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Children with Typical Development?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herndon, Alison C.; DiGuiseppi, Carolyn; Johnson, Susan L.; Leiferman, Jenn; Reynolds, Ann

2009-01-01

Consumption of macro- and micronutrients and food group servings by children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs; n = 46) and typical development (n = 31) were compared using 3-day diet records. Children with ASDs consumed significantly more vitamin B6 and E and non-dairy protein servings, less calcium, and fewer dairy servings (p less than…

Learned Helplessness in Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brock, Herman B.; Kowitz, Gerald T.

The research literature on learned helplessness in exceptional children is reviewed and the authors' efforts to identify and retrain learning disabled (LD) children who have characteristics typical of learned helplessness are reported. Twenty-eight elementary aged LD children viewed as "learned helpless" were randomly assigned to one of four…

Ebola virus disease in children during the 2014-2015 epidemic in Guinea: a nationwide cohort study.

PubMed

Chérif, Mahamoud Sama; Koonrungsesomboon, Nut; Kassé, Diénaba; Cissé, Sékou Ditinn; Diallo, Saliou Bella; Chérif, Fatoumata; Camara, Facély; Koné, Alpha; Avenido, Eleonor Fundan; Diakité, Mandiou; Diallo, Mamadou Pathé; Le Gall, Edouard; Cissé, Mohamed; Karbwang, Juntra; Hirayama, Kenji

2017-06-01

The most recent epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD) has resulted in more than 11,000 deaths in West Africa. It has threatened child health in the affected countries, including Guinea. This nationwide retrospective cohort study included all children under 20 years of age with laboratory-confirmed EVD in Guinea during the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak for analysis. Of 8,448 children with probable or suspected EVD, 695 cases were laboratory-confirmed EVD. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 62.9%. Pediatric patients with younger age had a significantly higher rate of death (adjusted OR = 0.995; 95%CI = 0.990-1.000; p = 0.046), with the highest CFR of 82.9% in children aged less than 5 years. Fever (91%), fatigue (87%), and gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (70%) were common clinical features on admission of the pediatric patients, while bleeding signs were not occurring often (24%). None of clinical features and epidemiologic risk factors for Ebola were associated with mortality outcome in our cohort study. EVD is a major threat to child health, especially among children under 5 years of age. To date, none of demographic and clinical features, except younger age, have been consistently shown to affect mortality outcome in children infected with Ebola virus. What is Known: • The 2014-2015 West Africa Ebola epidemic is the largest and most widespread outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in history, with more than 11,000 deaths in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. • During ongoing outbreak investigations, it is suggested that young children aged less than 5 years are particularly vulnerable and highly susceptible to death. What is New: • Demographic and clinical characteristics of the nationwide cohort of pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed EVD in Guinea are reported. • The results confirm the high rate of death among EVD children under 5 years of age, while none of demographic and clinical features, except younger age, could serve as a predictor of mortality outcome in pediatric patients with EVD.

THE GUIDANCE OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN, A BOOK OF READINGS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

GOWAN, JOHN CURTIS, ED.; DEMOS, GEORGE D., ED.

A COMPILATION OF 62 READINGS, THE BOOK CONSIDERS THE GUIDANCE OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN. AN OVERVIEW SECTION PRESENTS PAPERS DEALING WITH SELF-CONCEPT, VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION, BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION, AND THE GUIDANCE COUNSELOR. INCLUDED IN A SECTION ON GIFTED CHILDREN ARE ARTICLES ABOUT CAREER REQUIREMENTS OF GIFTED CHILDREN AND PARENTS,…

Children Served in Mental Retardation Clinics: Fiscal Year 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Health Services Administration (DHEW/PHS), Rockville, MD. Bureau of Community Health Services.

Presented is statistical information on children served in 166 mental retardation clinics in 44 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico funded through the maternal and child health program of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare during fiscal year 1973. Brief sections cover characteristics of children served, services…

A Descriptive Case Study of the Ethics of Care Fostered by a Statewide Blended Teaching Model in Support of Site-Based Exceptional Children Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cadran, Amanda

2016-01-01

The term Exceptional Children refers to both the highest performing students in the most advanced classes as well as those with the most severe intellectual challenges and every level of functioning in between. In one southeastern state, Exceptional Children teachers work with high school Occupational Course of Study students. These students, who…

The Council for Exceptional Children's Position on Special Education Teacher Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children (NJ3), 2012

2012-01-01

The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) recognizes the importance of special education teachers in the education of all children and youth. Special educators have always believed that children's individual learning needs should drive instruction; indeed, pedagogy is the heart of special education practice. One way to judge a special education…

The Council for Exceptional Children's Position on Special Education Teacher Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2013

2013-01-01

The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) recognizes the importance of special education teachers in the education of all children and youth. Special educators have always believed that children's individual learning needs should drive instruction; indeed, pedagogy is the heart of special education practice. One way to judge a special education…

Consonant acquisition in the Malay language: a cross-sectional study of preschool aged Malay children.

PubMed

Phoon, Hooi San; Abdullah, Anna Christina; Lee, Lay Wah; Murugaiah, Puvaneswary

2014-05-01

To date, there has been little research done on phonological acquisition in the Malay language of typically developing Malay-speaking children. This study serves to fill this gap by providing a systematic description of Malay consonant acquisition in a large cohort of preschool-aged children between 4- and 6-years-old. In the study, 326 Malay-dominant speaking children were assessed using a picture naming task that elicited 53 single words containing all the primary consonants in Malay. Two main analyses were conducted to study their consonant acquisition: (1) age of customary and mastery production of consonants; and (2) consonant accuracy. Results revealed that Malay children acquired all the syllable-initial and syllable-final consonants before 4;06-years-old, with the exception of syllable-final /s/, /h/ and /l/ which were acquired after 5;06-years-old. The development of Malay consonants increased gradually from 4- to 6 years old, with female children performing better than male children. The accuracy of consonants based on manner of articulation showed that glides, affricates, nasals, and stops were higher than fricatives and liquids. In general, syllable-initial consonants were more accurate than syllable-final consonants while consonants in monosyllabic and disyllabic words were more accurate than polysyllabic words. These findings will provide significant information for speech-language pathologists for assessing Malay-speaking children and designing treatment objectives that reflect the course of phonological development in Malay.

34 CFR 300.644 - Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children. 300.644 Section 300.644 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education... STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Monitoring, Enforcement, Confidentiality, and...

34 CFR 300.644 - Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children. 300.644 Section 300.644 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education... STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Monitoring, Enforcement, Confidentiality, and...

34 CFR 300.644 - Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children. 300.644 Section 300.644 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education... STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Monitoring, Enforcement, Confidentiality, and...

34 CFR 300.644 - Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Annual report of children served-criteria for counting children. 300.644 Section 300.644 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education... STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Monitoring, Enforcement, Confidentiality, and...

Serving smaller age-appropriate entree portions to children aged 3-5 y increases fruit and vegetable intake and reduces energy density and energy intake at lunch.

PubMed

Savage, Jennifer S; Fisher, Jennifer O; Marini, Michele; Birch, Leann L

2012-02-01

Previous portion size research in children has focused on the impact of large entrée portions on children's intake, but less attention has been given to how intake at a meal is affected across a broader range of entrée portions. The objective was to assess the effect of serving a range of entrée portions on children's ad libitum intake and energy density consumed at the meal. A within-subject design was used to examine the effect of varying entrée portions (ie, 100, 160, 220, 280, 340, and 400 g) on children's ad libitum energy intake of macaroni and cheese and fixed portions of unsweetened applesauce, green beans, and whole-wheat roll served with the entree. Seventeen children (10 girls), aged 3 to 6 y, were served a series of 6 lunches, which varied only in entrée portion size, once per week. Weight, height, and weighed food intake were measured. Increasing portion size increased children's entrée intake (P < 0.01) and decreased intake of other foods served with the entrée, including fruit and vegetables (P < 0.0001). As a result, children consumed a more-energy-dense (kcal/g) lunch as portion size increased (P < 0.0001). Further examination showed that BMI percentile moderated the positive association between portion size and entrée intake (P < 0.01); overweight children showed greater increases in entree intake with increasing entrée portion. Serving smaller age-appropriate entrée portions may be one strategy to improve children's nutritional profile by decreasing intake of energy-dense foods and by promoting intake of fruit and vegetables served with the entree.

Serving large portions of vegetable soup at the start of a meal affected children's energy and vegetable intake.

PubMed

Spill, Maureen K; Birch, Leann L; Roe, Liane S; Rolls, Barbara J

2011-08-01

This study tested whether varying the portion of low-energy-dense vegetable soup served at the start of a meal affects meal energy and vegetable intakes in children. Subjects were 3- to 5-year-olds (31 boys and 41 girls) in daycare facilities. Using a crossover design, children were served lunch once a week for four weeks. On three occasions, different portions of tomato soup (150, 225, and 300 g) were served at the start of the meal, and on one occasion no soup was served. Children had 10 min to consume the soup before being served the main course. All foods were consumed ad libitum. The primary outcomes were soup intake as well as energy and vegetable intake at the main course. A mixed linear model tested the effect of soup portion size on intake. Serving any portion of soup reduced entrée energy intake compared with serving no soup, but total meal energy intake was only reduced when 150 g of soup was served. Increasing the portion size increased soup and vegetable intake. Serving low-energy-dense, vegetable soup as a first course is an effective strategy to reduce children's intake of a more energy-dense main entrée and increase vegetable consumption at the meal. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ADAPTED PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL STUDENTS. SECOND EDITION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DANIELS, ARTHUR S.; DAVIES, EVELYN A.

THIS BOOK HAS THREE PURPOSES--(1) TO SHOW HOW PHYSICAL EDUCATION ACTIVITIES MAY BE ADAPTED FOR EXCEPTIONAL STUDENTS AT ALL LEVELS OF SCHOOL, (2) TO SERVE AS A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION PERSONNEL WHO WISH TO WORK FOR FULL DEVELOPMENT OF EACH STUDENT, AND (3) TO SERVE AS A TEXT FOR STUDENTS IN TRAINING, TEACHERS, AND THERAPISTS. PART ONE…

Children Exposed to Abuse in Youth-Serving Organizations: Results From National Sample Surveys.

PubMed

Shattuck, Anne; Finkelhor, David; Turner, Heather; Hamby, Sherry

2016-02-01

Protecting children in youth-serving organizations is a national concern. To provide clinicians, policymakers, and parents with estimates of children's exposure to abuse in youth-serving organizations. Telephone survey data from the 3 National Surveys of Children's Exposure to Violence (2008, 2011, and 2014) were combined to create a sample of 13,052 children and youths aged 0 to 17 years. The survey participants included youths aged 10 to 17 years and caregivers of children aged 0 to 9 years. Items from the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. In the combined sample of 13 052 children and youths aged 0 to 17 years, the rate of abuse by persons in youth-serving organizations was 0.4% (95% CI, 0.2-0.7) for the past year and 0.8% (95% CI, 0.5-1.1) over the lifetime. Most of the maltreatment (63.2%) was verbal abuse and only 6.4% was any form of sexual violence or assault. Abuse in youth-serving organizations was a relatively rare form of abuse, dwarfed by abuse by family members and other adults.

Exceptional Asian Children and Youth. An ERIC Exceptional Child Education Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kitano, Margie K., Ed.; Chinn, Philip C., Ed.

Intended as a means of sharing information with educators and other professionals who work with exceptional Asian American children and families, the monograph includes six papers growing out of a symposium and addressing issues related to demographics, characteristics and needs, parents and families, assessment, and curriculum and service…

The Advocacy Experiences of Parents of Elementary Age, Twice-Exceptional Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Besnoy, Kevin D.; Swoszowski, Nicole C.; Newman, Jane L.; Floyd, Amanda; Jones, Parrish; Byrne, Caitlin

2015-01-01

For many parents, successfully advocating for their twice-exceptional child can be intimidating and overwhelming. Using grounded theory, we conducted a study with parents (n = 8) of elementary age, twice-exceptional children to learn about their advocacy experiences. Findings revealed that parents simultaneously advocated for their child's…

Access: Exceptional Children and Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. for Exceptional Children.

The Exceptional Children and New Technology project sought to meet the instructional needs of physically handicapped, emotionally disturbed, learning disabled, and mentally handicapped children through the use of computer technology. The goals of the project were to test the instructional value of adaptive/assistive devices with exceptional…

A validation study of the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Children (ASA24-Kids) among 9 to 11-year-old youth

PubMed Central

Diep, Cassandra S.; Hingle, Melanie; Chen, Tzu-An; Dadabhoy, Hafza R.; Beltran, Alicia; Baranowski, Janice; Subar, Amy F.; Baranowski, Tom

2015-01-01

Background Valid methods of diet assessment are important for nutrition research and practice but can be difficult with children. Objective To validate ASA24-Kids-2012, a self-administered web-based 24-hour dietary recall (24hDR) among 9-11-year-old children, in two sites. Design Quasi-experimental Participants/setting In one site, trained staff observed and recorded foods and drinks consumed by children (n=38) during school lunch. The next day, the observed children completed both ASA24-Kids-2012 and an interviewer-administered 24hDR in a randomized order. Procedures in a second site (n=31) were similar, except observations occurred during dinner in a community location. Statistical analyses Foods were classified as matches (reported and consumed), intrusions (reported, but not consumed), or omissions (not reported, but consumed) for each participant. Rates of matches, intrusions, and omissions were calculated. Rates were compared between each recall method using repeated measures analysis of covariance. For matched foods, the authors determined correlation coefficients between observed and reported serving sizes. Results Match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes in site 1 were 37%, 27%, and 35%, respectively. Comparable rates for interviewer-administered 24hDRs were 57%, 20%, and 23%, respectively. In site 2, match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes were 53%, 12%, and 36%, respectively, vs. 76% matches, 9% intrusions, and 15% omissions for interviewer-administered 24hDRs. The relationship strength between reported and observed serving sizes for matched foods was 0.18 in site 1 and 0.09 in site 2 for ASA24-Kids-2012, and 0.46 in site 1 and 0.11 in site 2 for interviewer-administered 24hDRs. Conclusions ASA24-Kids-2012 was less accurate than interviewer-administered 24hDRs when compared to observed intakes, but both performed poorly. Additional research should assess the age at which children can complete recalls without the help of a parent or guardian, as well as to elucidate under which circumstances recalls can reasonably be used among children. PMID:25887784

Expressive Therapies, the ARTS and the Exceptional Child. (An Annotated Bibliography).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minar, Virginia, Comp.; And Others

The annotated bibliography lists approximately 500 citations (1967-1978) regarding the arts and exceptional children in preschool through grade 8. It is explained that the bibliography was designed to provide concrete material and ideas for teachers and therapists working with exceptional children in mainstreamed, resource room, or special class…

Familiar Technology Promotes Academic Success for Students with Exceptional Learning Needs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Carolyn H.; Brice, Costeena; Carter, Emanuel I.; Fleming, Jeffery C.; Hay, Dontia D.; Hicks, John D.; Picot, Ebony; Taylor, Aashja M.; Weaver, Jessica

2011-01-01

Children with exceptional learning needs find it very difficult to retain content information from the regular curriculum. Many content teachers also find it difficult to adapt curriculum to the learning needs of these exception children within the confines of the classroom and without any assistance. Although many schools are equipped with…

34 CFR 300.102 - Limitation-exception to FAPE for certain ages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES State Eligibility Fape Requirements § 300.102 Limitation—exception... practice, or the order of any court, respecting the provision of public education to children of those ages... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Limitation-exception to FAPE for certain ages. 300.102...

Cultural Considerations for Twice-Exceptional Children from Asian Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Park, Soeun

2015-01-01

Since the term twice-exceptional has been entered to the field of gifted education, many studies have investigated the population of students who possess both giftedness and disabilities. It has been shown that there are some challenges to recognizing twice-exceptional children due to current screening and identification process. For this reason,…

Counseling with Mothers of Exceptional Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaplan, Bert L.

1971-01-01

It is possible for elementary school guidance counselors to help mothers of exceptional children face the severe reality demands they experience as internal turmoil marked by anger guilt and self depreciation. Once their feelings have been elicited and legitimized exploration of how feelings influence behavior toward children becomes possible.…

Characters with Exceptionalities Portrayed in Contemporary Canadian Children's Books

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Emmerson, Jean; Brenna, Beverley

2015-01-01

This article examines the ways in which exceptionality is addressed in Canadian children's literature, offering critical literacy as an avenue toward social justice. A content analysis (Berg, 2009) of 134 Canadian children's books offers a wide scope of contemporary titles to include in classrooms. We developed conceptual categories to explore…

76 FR 45292 - New Agency Information Collection for Solicitation of Nominations for the Advisory Board for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-28

... Exceptional Children under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act. This notice is not... Exceptional Children under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act. The information... expertise on the education of Indian children with disabilities. Response is required to obtain a benefit...

A Priceless Playground for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adkins, Patricia G.

Described are 20 pieces of therapeutic playground equipment constructed by volunteers and fathers of children in the Early Learning Center for Exceptional Children (El Paso, Texas). It is noted that discarded and readily available materials (such as old tires) were used, and that no commercial playground equipment was purchased. Information on the…

Teachers of Children Who Are Mentally Retarded: A Report Based on Findings from the Study "Qualification and Preparation of Teachers of Exceptional Children." Bulletin, 1957, No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mackie, Romaine P.; Williams, Harold M.; Dunn, Lloyd M.

1957-01-01

In recent years public interest in the problems of children who have exceptional educational needs has grown very rapidly. This interest has been especially strong in problems of mentally retarded children. Some of the causes of this development can be identified. The success of specialized programs for teaching these children is one of the more…

Efficacy of vision therapy in children with learning disability and associated binocular vision anomalies.

PubMed

Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana; Shah, Prerana; Ramani, Krishna Kumar; Ramanujan, Lalitha

To report the frequency of binocular vision (BV) anomalies in children with specific learning disorders (SLD) and to assess the efficacy of vision therapy (VT) in children with a non-strabismic binocular vision anomaly (NSBVA). The study was carried out at a centre for learning disability (LD). Comprehensive eye examination and binocular vision assessment was carried out for 94 children (mean (SD) age: 15 (2.2) years) diagnosed with specific learning disorder. BV assessment was done for children with best corrected visual acuity of ≥6/9 - N6, cooperative for examination and free from any ocular pathology. For children with a diagnosis of NSBVA (n=46), 24 children were randomized to VT and no intervention was provided to the other 22 children who served as experimental controls. At the end of 10 sessions of vision therapy, BV assessment was performed for both the intervention and non-intervention groups. Binocular vision anomalies were found in 59 children (62.8%) among which 22% (n=13) had strabismic binocular vision anomalies (SBVA) and 78% (n=46) had a NSBVA. Accommodative infacility (AIF) was the commonest of the NSBVA and found in 67%, followed by convergence insufficiency (CI) in 25%. Post-vision therapy, the intervention group showed significant improvement in all the BV parameters (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p<0.05) except negative fusional vergence. Children with specific learning disorders have a high frequency of binocular vision disorders and vision therapy plays a significant role in improving the BV parameters. Children with SLD should be screened for BV anomalies as it could potentially be an added hindrance to the reading difficulty in this special population. Copyright © 2017 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Usefulness and Validity of Continuous Performance Tests in the Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children.

PubMed

Berger, Itai; Slobodin, Ortal; Cassuto, Hanoch

2017-02-01

Despite the popularity of continuous performance tests (CPT) in supporting the diagnostic procedure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), these measures are still controversial mainly due to limited sensitivity, specificity, and ecological validity. Thus, there continues to be a need for further validation of these objective attention measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a CPT that includes environmental distracting stimuli, in supporting the diagnosis of ADHD in children. Participants were 798 children aged 7-12 years (493 boys and 305 girls). The ADHD group included 339 children, whereas the control group included 459 children without ADHD. The study employed the MOXO-CPT, which incorporates visual and auditory stimuli serving as environmental distractors. Compared to their unaffected peers, children with ADHD received significantly lower scores in all 4 CPT indices: attention, timing, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Specifically, ADHD children were less attended to the stimuli and performed fewer reactions on accurate timing. Furthermore, children with ADHD performed significantly more impulsive and hyperactive responses than controls. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed fair to excellent diagnostic ability of all CPT indices except impulsivity, which showed poor ability to distinguish ADHD children from controls. The test's total score yielded excellent diagnostic performance. MOXO-CPT consistently distinguished between children with ADHD and their unaffected peers, so that children with ADHD performed worse than controls in all study indices. Integration of CPT indices improves the diagnostic capacity of ADHD and may better reflect the complexity and heterogeneity of ADHD. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Results from an experimental trial at a Head Start center to evaluate two meal service approaches to increase fruit and vegetable intake of preschool aged children

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Strategies to increase fruit and vegetable consumption of preschool aged children are needed. Objectives Evaluate the independent effects of the following meal service strategies on intake of fruits and vegetables of preschool children: 1.) Serving fruits and vegetables in advance of other menu items as part of traditional family style meal service; and 2.) Serving meals portioned and plated by providers. Methods Fifty-three preschool aged children completed a randomized crossover experiment conducted at a Head Start center in Minneapolis, MN. Over a six week trial period each of the experimental meal service strategies (serving fruits and vegetable first and serving meals portioned by providers) was implemented during lunch service for two one-week periods. Two one-week control periods (traditional family style meal service with all menu items served at once) were also included over the six week trial period. Childrens lunch intake was observed as a measure of food and nutrient intake during each experimental condition. Results Fruit intake was significantly higher (p<0.01) when fruits and vegetables were served in advance of other meal items (0.40 servings/meal) compared to the traditional family style meal service control condition when they were served in tandem with other menu items (0.32 servings/meal). Intakes of some nutrients found in fruits (vitamin A and folate) were concomitantly higher. In contrast, fruit and vegetable intakes were significantly lower and energy intake significantly higher during the provider portioned compared with control condition. Conclusions Serving fruits in advance of other meal items may be a low cost easy to implement strategy for increasing fruit intake in young children. However, serving vegetables first does not appear to increase vegetable intake. Results provide support for current recommendations for traditional family style meal service in preschool settings. PMID:22546262

Results from an experimental trial at a Head Start center to evaluate two meal service approaches to increase fruit and vegetable intake of preschool aged children.

PubMed

Harnack, Lisa J; Oakes, J Michael; French, Simone A; Rydell, Sarah A; Farah, Farhiyah M; Taylor, Gretchen L

2012-04-30

Strategies to increase fruit and vegetable consumption of preschool aged children are needed. Evaluate the independent effects of the following meal service strategies on intake of fruits and vegetables of preschool children: 1.) Serving fruits and vegetables in advance of other menu items as part of traditional family style meal service; and 2.) Serving meals portioned and plated by providers. Fifty-three preschool aged children completed a randomized crossover experiment conducted at a Head Start center in Minneapolis, MN. Over a six week trial period each of the experimental meal service strategies (serving fruits and vegetable first and serving meals portioned by providers) was implemented during lunch service for two one-week periods. Two one-week control periods (traditional family style meal service with all menu items served at once) were also included over the six week trial period. Childrens lunch intake was observed as a measure of food and nutrient intake during each experimental condition. Fruit intake was significantly higher (p<0.01) when fruits and vegetables were served in advance of other meal items (0.40 servings/meal) compared to the traditional family style meal service control condition when they were served in tandem with other menu items (0.32 servings/meal). Intakes of some nutrients found in fruits (vitamin A and folate) were concomitantly higher. In contrast, fruit and vegetable intakes were significantly lower and energy intake significantly higher during the provider portioned compared with control condition. Serving fruits in advance of other meal items may be a low cost easy to implement strategy for increasing fruit intake in young children. However, serving vegetables first does not appear to increase vegetable intake. Results provide support for current recommendations for traditional family style meal service in preschool settings.

Characterizing dinner meals served and consumed by low-income preschool children.

PubMed

Nicklas, Theresa A; O'Neil, Carol E; Stuff, Janice E; Hughes, Sheryl O; Liu, Yan

2012-12-01

A dinner meal is consumed by approximately 95% of preschool children, yet few studies have characterized the dinner meal within a broader environmental context. The primary goal of this study was to identify the average quantities of foods served and consumed at the dinner meal by preschool children. A secondary goal was to look at factors that influenced the total amounts of food and energy consumed among preschoolers at the dinner meal. Food intake at a family dinner meal was measured using digital photography in African-American and Hispanic-American preschool children (n = 231). Pictorial records were converted to gram and energy estimates of food served and consumed; grams were converted to kilocalories for each food using Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) nutritional software. Foods were categorized by groups/subgroups. Comparison of means and coefficient of variation was examined overall and by food groups for food grams (and energy) served, consumed, and wasted. The relationship of mother/child characteristics to amounts served and consumed were analyzed by regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Plate waste was high; 30% of the foods served to the child at the dinner meal were not consumed. The amounts of food and beverage served and consumed varied within and among the food groups studied. The proportion of children served a major food group at the dinner meal varied considerably: 44% fruit/juice, 97% vegetables, 99% grains, 97% meats, 74% dairy, 66% sweetened beverages, 92% fat and oils, and 40% sweets and sugars. The amount of food served was positively associated with the amount consumed (p < 0.0001). Energy density of the dinner meal was positively associated with energy intake consumed (p < 0.0001). Plate waste and variation in amounts served and consumed was substantial. The amount of food served was positively associated with the amount of food consumed by preschool children.

IFLA General Conference, 1989. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public. Section on Children's Libraries; Section of School Libraries; Section of Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons. Booklet 30.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Fifteen papers from the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public are included in this collection: "When the Children's Library Meets the Museum" (French and English versions; Annie Pissard); "Value of Library Service for Children Literature in France" (Aline Eisenegger); "The Latin American Literature in France" (Aline Eisenegger); "The…

The mental health, emotional literacy, cognitive ability, literacy attainment and 'resilience' of 'looked after children': a multidimensional, multiple-rater population based study.

PubMed

Rees, Paul

2013-06-01

Existing research studies suggest that children who are looked after by the State experience high levels of mental health difficulties and underachieve in many other domains. Few studies, however, aim to reflect the heterogeneity of these children and those who are performing well may be under-represented in the findings. This study aims to provide a more representative picture, offering novel data on resilience. A multidimensional, multiple-rater population-based study of looked after children. The entire population of looked after children aged 7-15 years (n = 193) in one local authority was assessed in core domains; mental health, emotional literacy, cognitive ability and literacy attainment. Measures included the Strength and Difficulties questionnaire, Emotional Literacy Assessment and Intervention Inventory, and the British Ability Scales. The children's data were compared with general population norms and existing research studies. The incidence of resilience, defined by the fulfilment of positive exception criteria, was recorded. Children fulfilling positive exception criteria were then compared to the remaining children on key factors. The looked after children performed less well in all domains compared with general population norms. Sixteen per cent of children met the positive exception criteria. Positive performance on individual measures varied from 34% to 76%. A statistically significant association was found between positive exception classification and two factors; parental contact and mainstream schooling. In general terms, this study supports the findings of previous research studies. However, evidence of positive exceptions across and within all domains cautions against overgeneralization of findings. The findings also implicate parental contact and mainstream education in the promotion of resilience. © 2012 The British Psychological Society.

Eating vegetables first: the use of portion size to increase vegetable intake in preschool children.

PubMed

Spill, Maureen K; Birch, Leann L; Roe, Liane S; Rolls, Barbara J

2010-05-01

Serving larger portions of low-energy-dense vegetables at a meal could have beneficial effects on children's food and energy intakes. We investigated whether increasing the portion size of vegetables served at the start of a meal leads to increased vegetable consumption and decreased meal energy intake in children. In a crossover design, 3- to 5-y-old children in a daycare center were served a test lunch once a week for 4 wk (n = 51). In 3 of the meals, a first course of raw carrots varied in portion size (30, 60, or 90 g), and no first course was served in the control meal. Children consumed the first course ad libitum over 10 min and then were served a main course of pasta, broccoli, applesauce, and milk, which was also consumed ad libitum. Total vegetable consumption at the meal increased as the portion size of carrots increased (P < 0.0001). Doubling the portion size of the first course increased carrot consumption by 47%, or 12 +/- 2 g (P < 0.0001). Tripling the portion size of carrots, however, did not lead to a further increase in intake (P = 0.61). Meal energy intake was not significantly affected by the amount of carrots served in the first course. The effect of portion size on intake was not significantly influenced by the children's age or body weight status. Increasing the portion size of a vegetable served as a first course can be an effective strategy for increasing vegetable consumption in preschool children.

Eating vegetables first: the use of portion size to increase vegetable intake in preschool children123

PubMed Central

Spill, Maureen K; Birch, Leann L; Roe, Liane S

2010-01-01

Background: Serving larger portions of low-energy-dense vegetables at a meal could have beneficial effects on children's food and energy intakes. Objective: We investigated whether increasing the portion size of vegetables served at the start of a meal leads to increased vegetable consumption and decreased meal energy intake in children. Design: In a crossover design, 3- to 5-y-old children in a daycare center were served a test lunch once a week for 4 wk (n = 51). In 3 of the meals, a first course of raw carrots varied in portion size (30, 60, or 90 g), and no first course was served in the control meal. Children consumed the first course ad libitum over 10 min and then were served a main course of pasta, broccoli, applesauce, and milk, which was also consumed ad libitum. Results: Total vegetable consumption at the meal increased as the portion size of carrots increased (P < 0.0001). Doubling the portion size of the first course increased carrot consumption by 47%, or 12 ± 2 g (P < 0.0001). Tripling the portion size of carrots, however, did not lead to a further increase in intake (P = 0.61). Meal energy intake was not significantly affected by the amount of carrots served in the first course. The effect of portion size on intake was not significantly influenced by the children's age or body weight status. Conclusion: Increasing the portion size of a vegetable served as a first course can be an effective strategy for increasing vegetable consumption in preschool children. PMID:20219955

PEEEC [Project for Early Education of Exceptional Children] Outreach: Annual Report 1980-1981.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Millican, Jerri; Kibler, Robert G.

The document consists of the final report of the PEEEC (Project for Early Education of Exceptional Children) Outreach program, a program to stimulate high quality programs for preschool handicapped children and families in Kentucky. Following a definition of terms are sections outlining goals, objectives, and activities of three program…

Identifying Twice-Exceptional Children and Three Gifted Styles in the Japanese Primary Science Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sumida, Manabu

2010-01-01

Children with mild developmental disorders sometimes show giftedness. In this study, an original checklist was developed to identify gifted characteristics specific to science learning among twice-exceptional primary school children in Japan. The checklist consisted of 60 items on Attitudes, Thinking, Skills, and Knowledge/Understanding. A total…

Reducing Distress in Mothers of Children With Autism and Other Disabilities: A Randomized Trial

PubMed Central

Fisher, Marisa H.; Taylor, Julie Lounds; Lambert, Warren; Miodrag, Nancy

2014-01-01

BACKGROUND: Compared with other parents, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder or other neurodevelopmental disabilities experience more stress, illness, and psychiatric problems. Although the cumulative stress and disease burden of these mothers is exceptionally high, and associated with poorer outcomes in children, policies and practices primarily serve the identified child with disabilities. METHODS: A total of 243 mothers of children with disabilities were consented and randomized into either Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (mindfulness practice) or Positive Adult Development (positive psychology practice). Well-trained, supervised peer mentors led 6 weeks of group treatments in 1.5-hour weekly sessions, assessing mothers 6 times before, during, and up to 6 months after treatment. Mothers had children with autism (65%) or other disabilities (35%). At baseline, 85% of this community sample had significantly elevated stress, 48% were clinically depressed, and 41% had anxiety disorders. RESULTS: Using slopes-as-outcomes, mixed random effects models, both treatments led to significant reductions in stress, depression, and anxiety, and improved sleep and life satisfaction, with large effects in depression and anxiety. Mothers in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction versus Positive Adult Development had greater improvements in anxiety, depression, sleep, and well-being. Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder improved less in anxiety, but did not otherwise differ from their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Future studies are warranted on how trained mentors and professionals can address the unmet mental health needs of mothers of children with developmental disabilities. Doing so improves maternal well-being and furthers their long-term caregiving of children with complex developmental, physical, and behavioral needs. PMID:25049350

Reducing distress in mothers of children with autism and other disabilities: a randomized trial.

PubMed

Dykens, Elisabeth M; Fisher, Marisa H; Taylor, Julie Lounds; Lambert, Warren; Miodrag, Nancy

2014-08-01

Compared with other parents, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder or other neurodevelopmental disabilities experience more stress, illness, and psychiatric problems. Although the cumulative stress and disease burden of these mothers is exceptionally high, and associated with poorer outcomes in children, policies and practices primarily serve the identified child with disabilities. A total of 243 mothers of children with disabilities were consented and randomized into either Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (mindfulness practice) or Positive Adult Development (positive psychology practice). Well-trained, supervised peer mentors led 6 weeks of group treatments in 1.5-hour weekly sessions, assessing mothers 6 times before, during, and up to 6 months after treatment. Mothers had children with autism (65%) or other disabilities (35%). At baseline, 85% of this community sample had significantly elevated stress, 48% were clinically depressed, and 41% had anxiety disorders. Using slopes-as-outcomes, mixed random effects models, both treatments led to significant reductions in stress, depression, and anxiety, and improved sleep and life satisfaction, with large effects in depression and anxiety. Mothers in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction versus Positive Adult Development had greater improvements in anxiety, depression, sleep, and well-being. Mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder improved less in anxiety, but did not otherwise differ from their counterparts. Future studies are warranted on how trained mentors and professionals can address the unmet mental health needs of mothers of children with developmental disabilities. Doing so improves maternal well-being and furthers their long-term caregiving of children with complex developmental, physical, and behavioral needs. Copyright © 2014 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

48 CFR 225.103 - Exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OF DEFENSE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS FOREIGN ACQUISITION Buy American Act-Supplies 225.103 Exceptions... apply the Buy American Act to end products that are substantially transformed in the United States. (ii... interest exception if the purposes of the Buy American Act are not served, or in order to meet a need set...

Report of the Council for Exceptional Children's Task Force on Policy Issues Relating to the Management of Students with Communicable Diseases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Reston, VA.

How schools can effectively work with exceptional students who have communicable diseases was the focus of an eight-member Task Force appointed by the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) Governmental Relations Committee. Its report begins with an overview of existing guidelines and defines specific communicable diseases (Hepatitis B,…

7 CFR 1219.35 - Term of office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... years, except the members of the initial Board shall serve terms as follows: Four members and four alternates shall serve for two-year terms; four members and four alternates shall serve for three-year terms...

Early Childhood Education for Exceptional Children: A Handbook of Ideas and Exemplary Practices.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jordan, June B., Ed.; And Others

Intended as a guide for educators and researchers, the volume provides ideas and program descriptions in the field of education for young exceptional children. An introductory chapter (J. De Weerd) presents an overview of education for handicapped children and describes the establishment under the Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (BEH) of…

The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Children, 2012 Version, for Youth Aged 9 to 11 Years: A Validation Study.

PubMed

Diep, Cassandra S; Hingle, Melanie; Chen, Tzu-An; Dadabhoy, Hafza R; Beltran, Alicia; Baranowski, Janice; Subar, Amy F; Baranowski, Tom

2015-10-01

Valid methods of diet assessment are important for nutrition research and practice, but can be difficult with children. To validate the 2012 version of the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall for Children (ASA24-Kids-2012), a self-administered web-based 24-hour dietary recall (24hDR) instrument, among children aged 9 to 11 years, in two sites. Quasiexperimental. In one site, trained staff members observed and recorded foods and drinks consumed by children (n=38) during school lunch. The next day, the observed children completed both ASA24-Kids-2012 and an interviewer-administered 24hDR in a randomized order. Procedures in a second site (n=31) were similar, except observations occurred during dinner in a community location. Foods were classified as matches (reported and consumed), intrusions (reported, but not consumed), or omissions (not reported, but consumed) for each participant. Rates of matches, intrusions, and omissions were calculated. Rates were compared between each recall method using repeated measures analysis of covariance. For matched foods, the authors determined correlation coefficients between observed and reported serving sizes. Match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes in Site 1 were 37%, 27%, and 35%, respectively. Comparable rates for interviewer-administered 24hDRs were 57%, 20%, and 23%, respectively. In Site 2, match, intrusion, and omission rates between ASA24-Kids-2012 and observed intakes were 53%, 12%, and 36%, respectively, vs 76% matches, 9% intrusions, and 15% omissions for interviewer-administered 24hDRs. The relationship strength between reported and observed serving sizes for matched foods was 0.18 in Site 1 and 0.09 in Site 2 for ASA24-Kids-2012, and 0.46 in Site 1 and 0.11 in Site 2 for interviewer-administered 24hDRs. ASA24-Kids-2012 was less accurate than interviewer-administered 24hDRs when compared with observed intakes, but both performed poorly. Additional research should assess the age at which children can complete recalls without the help of a parent or guardian, as well as elucidate under which circumstances recalls can reasonably be used among children. Copyright © 2015 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DIRECTORY OF RESIDENTIAL CAMPS SERVING THE MENTALLY RETARDED.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association for Retarded Children, New York, NY.

PREPARED BY THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR RETARDED CHILDREN FROM A QUESTIONNAIRE SENT TO STATE AND LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE DIRECTORY (1967) LISTS RESIDENT CAMPS SERVING THE MENTALLY RETARDED THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES. CAMPS ARE ENTERED ALPHABETICALLY ACCORDING TO GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION WITHIN EACH STATE. TYPES OF CHILDREN SERVED INCLUDE MENTALLY…

All Our Children Can Make the Grade: A Report on the Illinois Preschool Program, Children at Risk of Academic Failure.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Voices for Illinois Children, Chicago.

Illinois' state-funded preschool program, the Illinois Prekindergarten Program for Children at Risk of Academic Failure, is serving almost 19,000 children in the 1989-90 period on an allocation of 48 million dollars, which was distributed to 184 projects in 353 school districts. The preschool projects serve children of 3-5 years, who are taught…

Fruits and vegetables as a healthier snack throughout the day among families with older children: findings from a survey of parent-child dyads.

PubMed

Smith, Teresa M; Pinard, Courtney A; Byker Shanks, Carmen; Wethington, Holly; Blanck, Heidi M; Yaroch, Amy L

2015-04-01

Most U.S. youth fail to eat the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (FV) however many consume too many calories as added sugars and solid fats, often as snacks. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with serving FV as snacks and with meals using parent-child dyads. A cross-sectional sample of U.S. children aged 9 to 18, and their caregiver/parent (n=1522) were part of a Consumer Panel of households for the 2008 YouthStyles mail survey. Chi-square test of independence and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations between serving patterns of FV as snacks with variations in serving patterns, and covariates including dietary habits. Most parents (72%) reported serving FV at meals and as snacks. Fruit was most frequently served as a snack during the day (52%) and vegetables were most frequently served as a snack during the day (22%) but rarely in the morning. Significant differences in child FV intake existed among FV as a snack serving patterns by parents. Compared to children whose parents served FV only at meals, children whose parents reported serving FV as snacks in addition to meals were significantly more likely to have consumed FV the day before (using a previous day screener), P<0.05. Contributing to the growing collection of literature describing parent-child dyad dietary behaviors, these findings suggest promoting FV access and intake throughout the day, not only at meals, by including serving as snacks, may increase FV intake among older children and adolescents. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

34 CFR 300.226 - Early intervening services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Local Educational Agency Eligibility § 300.226 Early intervening services. (a... annually report to the SEA on— (1) The number of children served under this section who received early intervening services; and (2) The number of children served under this section who received early intervening...

The relationship between consanguineous marriage and death in fetus and infants.

PubMed

Mohammadi, Majid Mehr; Hooman, Heidar Ali; Afrooz, Gholam Ali; Daramadi, Parviz Sharifi

2012-05-01

Given the high prevalence of consanguineous marriages in rural and urban areas of Iran, the aim of this study was to identify its role in increasing fetal and infant deaths. This was a cross-sectional study in which 494 mothers with more than one exceptional child (mentally retarded and physically-dynamically disabled) or with normal children were selected based on multi-stage random sampling method. Data was gathered using the features of parents with more than one exceptional child questionnaire. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire was acceptable. Hierarchical log-linear method was used for statistical analysis. Consanguineous marriage significantly increased the number of births of exceptional children. Moreover, there was a significant relation between the history of fetal/infant death and belonging to the group. There was a significant relation between consanguineous marriage and the history of fetal/infant death which means consanguineous marriage increased the prevalence of fetal/infant death in parents with exceptional children rather than in parents with normal children. The rate of fetal/infant death in exceptional births of consanguineous marriages was higher than that of non-consanguineous marriages.

Age Specific Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Neil

Are children going to continue to serve television by providing a trusting audience for its commercial message, or is television going to begin to serve children? Current children's programs are designed for the sole purpose of holding the attention of the broadest age span possible. Today's television fails to enhance the small child's…

Food guide plate

MedlinePlus

... servings of grains a day (also called "ounce equivalents"). Children age 8 and younger need about 3 ... servings of protein a day (also called "ounce equivalents"). Children age 8 and younger need about 2 ...

Meeting the Needs of the Highly Gifted.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morelock, Martha; And Others

1997-01-01

This supplementary insert discusses the differences between exceptionally gifted children and their more moderately gifted peers. Case studies are provided to illustrate the characteristics of exceptionally gifted children, including their tendencies toward fantasy and their ability to develop alternate realities. (CR)

The relationship between mother to child calories served and maternal perception of hunger.

PubMed

Stromberg, S E; Janicke, D M

2016-06-01

Research has examined self-serving portions in adults and children and has shown that larger portion size is related to more calories consumed. The present study examines factors that may influence the portion sizes a mother serves her child at a mealtime. The present observational study included a community-based sample of 29 mother-child dyads. Dyads attended a 1-h session in which they shared a meal together. A buffet of food was provided and the mother was asked to serve her child and herself. The amount of food served and consumed by the child was recorded. Main independent variables of interest included maternal body mass index (BMI), child BMI Z-score, and maternal perception of personal and child hunger. The primary dependent variable was the total calories the mother served her child. Regression models and a moderated mediation were used to examine the relation between variables. Calories served to the child was positively associated with calories consumed by the child. Maternal perception of her own hunger was related to her perception of her child's hunger. Furthermore, maternal perception of child hunger explained the relationship between maternal perception of personal hunger and total calories served to the child, although only for obese mothers. Mothers may be serving their children larger portion sizes based on their personal weight and their perception of their child's hunger. To help children obtain or maintain a healthy weight, obesity prevention and intervention programmes should help mothers serve more appropriate serving sizes to their children. © 2015 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.

Latina mothers' influences on child appetite regulation.

PubMed

Silva Garcia, Karina; Power, Thomas G; Fisher, Jennifer Orlet; O'Connor, Teresia M; Hughes, Sheryl O

2016-08-01

Parents influence child weight through interactions that shape the development of child eating behaviors. In this study we examined the association between maternal autonomy promoting serving practices and child appetite regulation. We predicted that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices would be positively associated with child appetite regulation. Participants were low-income Latino children-a group at high risk for the development of childhood obesity. A total of 186 low-income Latina mothers and their 4-5 year old children came to a laboratory on two separate days. On the first day, mothers and children chose foods for a meal from a buffet and were audio/videotaped so that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices could be later coded. On the second day, children completed the Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) task to measure child appetite regulation. Mothers also completed the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to measure other aspects of child appetite regulation (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness, and emotional overeating). Maternal autonomy promotion during serving was assessed using seven separate measures of child and maternal behavior. Principal components analyses of these serving measures yielded three components: allows child choice, child serves food, and mother does not restrict. Consistent with hypotheses, maternal autonomy promoting serving practices (i.e., allows child choice and does not restrict) were negatively associated with maternal reports of child food responsiveness and emotional overeating (CEBQ). The results for the EAH task were more complex-mothers who were autonomy promoting in their serving practices had children who ate the most in the absence of hunger, but this linear effect was moderated somewhat by a quadratic effect, with moderate levels of autonomy promotion during serving associated with the greatest child EAH. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

77 FR 19264 - Renewal of Air University Board of Visitors

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-30

... shall serve as an ex- offico member. Board members, who are not full-time or permanent part-time Federal....C. Sec. 3109 and shall serve as special government employee members. With the exception of travel and per diem for official Board related travel, Board members shall serve without compensation. Each...

Associations between school meals offered through the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program and fruit and vegetable intake among ethnically diverse, low-income children.

PubMed

Robinson-O'Brien, Ramona; Burgess-Champoux, Teri; Haines, Jess; Hannan, Peter J; Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne

2010-10-01

Despite evidence in support of the health benefits associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, national data indicate that FV consumption among school-aged children is below recommended levels, particularly among low-income children. School meals offered through the School Breakfast Program and National School Lunch Program can provide an important contribution to child FV intake. This study examines the proportion of fruits and vegetables consumed from school meals programs among ethnically diverse, low socioeconomic status children. Participants (n = 103) included fourth to sixth grade boys and girls from 4 urban elementary schools in St. Paul, Minnesota serving primarily low-income populations. Research staff interviewed children during school hours and recorded dietary intake via 24-hour recall. Analysis included descriptive statistics using cross tabulations and means. Average reported mean (SD) daily FV intake was 3.6 (2.5) servings, with 80% of children consuming fewer than 5 daily servings of FV. On average, children consumed over half of their daily FV intake within school. Children with low FV intake (<5 FV servings daily) consumed a higher proportion of their daily intake at school than children with higher FV intake (≥5 FV servings daily) (39% vs 59%; p = .002). Child FV intake is below recommended levels. School meals provide an important contribution to the daily FV intake among ethnically diverse, low socioeconomic status children, particularly among those with the lowest FV intake. School meals programs promoting FV intake within the school environment may provide an opportunity to encourage increased FV consumption. © 2010, American School Health Association.

Serving a variety of vegetables and fruit as a snack increased intake in preschool children.

PubMed

Roe, Liane S; Meengs, Jennifer S; Birch, Leann L; Rolls, Barbara J

2013-09-01

Although serving a greater variety of food increases intake, this effect has not been well studied as a strategy to encourage consumption of vegetables and fruit in preschool children. This study examined whether providing a variety of familiar vegetables or fruit to preschool children as a snack would lead to increased selection and intake. In a crossover design, 61 children (aged 3-5 y) ate a snack in their childcare facility on 8 afternoons. At 4 snack times, the children were offered vegetables: either a single type (cucumber, sweet pepper, or tomato) or a variety of all 3 types. At 4 other snack times, the children were offered fruit (apple, peach, pineapple, or all 3 types). Uniform-sized pieces were served family style, and children selected and ate as much as they desired. Offering a variety of vegetables or fruit increased the likelihood of selection (P < 0.0001); children chose some pieces in 94% of snacks with variety and in 70% of snacks without variety. Serving a variety also increased consumption of both vegetables and fruit (P < 0.0002); the mean (±SEM) increase was 31 ± 5 g, about one-sixth the recommended daily amount. Independent of the variety effect, children were less likely to select vegetables than fruit (P < 0.0001), and the mean intake was substantially less for vegetables than for fruit (22 ± 1 compared with 84 ± 3 g). Providing a variety of vegetables and fruit as a snack led to increased consumption of both food types in a childcare facility. Serving a variety of vegetables or fruit as a snack could help preschool children meet recommended intakes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01557218.

Serving a variety of vegetables and fruit as a snack increased intake in preschool children123

PubMed Central

Meengs, Jennifer S; Birch, Leann L; Rolls, Barbara J

2013-01-01

Background: Although serving a greater variety of food increases intake, this effect has not been well studied as a strategy to encourage consumption of vegetables and fruit in preschool children. Objective: This study examined whether providing a variety of familiar vegetables or fruit to preschool children as a snack would lead to increased selection and intake. Design: In a crossover design, 61 children (aged 3–5 y) ate a snack in their childcare facility on 8 afternoons. At 4 snack times, the children were offered vegetables: either a single type (cucumber, sweet pepper, or tomato) or a variety of all 3 types. At 4 other snack times, the children were offered fruit (apple, peach, pineapple, or all 3 types). Uniform-sized pieces were served family style, and children selected and ate as much as they desired. Results: Offering a variety of vegetables or fruit increased the likelihood of selection (P < 0.0001); children chose some pieces in 94% of snacks with variety and in 70% of snacks without variety. Serving a variety also increased consumption of both vegetables and fruit (P < 0.0002); the mean (±SEM) increase was 31 ± 5 g, about one-sixth the recommended daily amount. Independent of the variety effect, children were less likely to select vegetables than fruit (P < 0.0001), and the mean intake was substantially less for vegetables than for fruit (22 ± 1 compared with 84 ± 3 g). Conclusions: Providing a variety of vegetables and fruit as a snack led to increased consumption of both food types in a childcare facility. Serving a variety of vegetables or fruit as a snack could help preschool children meet recommended intakes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01557218. PMID:23902783

34 CFR 300.640 - Annual report of children served-report requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Annual report of children served-report requirement. 300.640 Section 300.640 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH...

34 CFR 300.640 - Annual report of children served-report requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Annual report of children served-report requirement. 300.640 Section 300.640 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH...

34 CFR 300.640 - Annual report of children served-report requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Annual report of children served-report requirement. 300.640 Section 300.640 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH...

Salty or Sweet? Nutritional quality, consumption, and cost of snacks served in afterschool programs

PubMed Central

Beets, Michael W.; Weaver, R. Glenn; Tilley, Falon; Turner-McGrievy, Brie; Huberty, Jennifer; Ward, Dianne S.; Freedman, Darcy A.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND Snacks served in afterschool programs (ASPs, 3–6pm) represent an important opportunity to promote healthy eating. ASP policies suggest a fruit/vegetable is served daily, while sugar-sweetened foods/beverages and artificially-flavored snacks are eliminated. Limited information exists on the types of snacks served in ASPs, if snacks meet existing nutrition policies, whether children eat the snacks, and their cost. METHODS Direct observation of snacks served and consumed was collected in 20 ASPs serving over 1,700 elementary-age children. The number of days snacks were served/week was evaluated for compliance with nutrition policies. Costs of snacks were collected via receipts. RESULTS Programs served desserts and artificially-flavored salty-snacks on 2.7 and 2.1 days/week. Fruits and vegetables were served 0.6 and 0.1 days/wk, respectively. Sugar-sweetened-beverages were served 1.8 days/wk. Of the children (N=383) observed, 75–100% consumed the snack served, with 95% and 100% of served fruits/vegetables consumed. No ASP served fruit/vegetables daily, 18 served sugar-sweetened foods, 16 served artificially-flavored snacks, and 14 served sugar-sweetened-beverages. Desserts and salty-snacks cost $0.27–$0.32/snack vs. $0.38–$0.40/snack for vegetables/fruits. CONCLUSIONS The quality of snacks failed to meet nutrition policies and consists of predominately high-sugar and artificially-flavored options. Strategies to improve snack offerings in ASPs while addressing price barriers are required. PMID:25564980

Salty or sweet? Nutritional quality, consumption, and cost of snacks served in afterschool programs.

PubMed

Beets, Michael W; Weaver, Robert G; Tilley, Falon; Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle; Huberty, Jennifer; Ward, Dianne S; Freedman, Darcy A

2015-02-01

Snacks served in afterschool programs (ASPs, 3-6 pm) represent an important opportunity to promote healthy eating. ASP policies suggest a fruit/vegetable is served daily, while sugar-sweetened foods/beverages and artificially flavored snacks are eliminated. Limited information exists on the types of snacks served in ASPs, if snacks meet existing nutrition policies, whether children eat the snacks, and their cost. Direct observation of snacks served and consumed was collected in 20 ASPs serving over 1700 elementary age children. The number of days that snacks were served/week was evaluated for compliance with nutrition policies. Costs of snacks were collected via receipts. Programs served desserts and artificially flavored salty snacks on 2.7 and 2.1 days/week. Fruits and vegetables were served 0.6 and 0.1 days/week, respectively. Sugar-sweetened beverages were served 1.8 days/week. Of the children (N = 383) observed, 75% to 100% consumed the snack served, with 95% and 100% of served fruits/vegetables consumed. No ASP served fruit/vegetables daily, 18 served sugar-sweetened foods, 16 served artificially flavored snacks, and 14 served sugar-sweetened beverages. Desserts and salty snacks cost $0.27-$0.32/snack vs $0.38-$0.40/snack for vegetables/fruits. The quality of snacks failed to meet nutrition policies and consists of predominately high-sugar and artificially flavored options. Strategies to improve snack offerings in ASPs while addressing price barriers are required. © 2015, American School Health Association.

Emergent literacy in kindergartners with cochlear implants

PubMed Central

Nittrouer, Susan; Caldwell, Amanda; Lowenstein, Joanna H; Tarr, Eric; Holloman, Christopher

2012-01-01

Problem A key ingredient to academic success is being able to read. Deaf individuals have historically failed to develop literacy skills comparable to those of their normal-hearing peers, but early identification and cochlear implants have improved prospects that these children can learn to read at the levels of their peers. The goal of this study was to examine early, or emergent, literacy in these children. Method 27 deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) who had just completed kindergarten were tested on emergent literacy, as well as on cognitive and linguistic skills that support emergent literacy, specifically ones involving phonological awareness, executive functioning, and oral language. 17 kindergartners with normal hearing (NH) and 8 with hearing loss, but who used hearing aids (HAs) served as controls. Outcomes were compared for these three groups of children, regression analyses were performed to see if predictor variables for emergent literacy differed for children with NH and those with CIs, and factors related to the early treatment of hearing loss and prosthesis configuration were examined for children with CIs. Results Performance of children with CIs was roughly one or more standard deviations below the mean performance of children with NH on all tasks, except for syllable counting, reading fluency, and rapid serial naming. Oral language skills explained more variance in emergent literacy for children with CIs than for children with NH. Age of first implant explained moderate amounts of variance for several measures. Having one or two CIs had no effect, but children who had some amount of bimodal experience outperformed children who had none on several measures. Conclusions Even deaf children who have benefitted from early identification, intervention, and implantation are still at risk for problems with emergent literacy that could affect their academic success. This finding means that intensive language support needs to continue through at least the early elementary grades. Also a period of bimodal stimulation during the preschool years can help boost emergent literacy skills to some extent. PMID:22572795

Impact of a nutrition award scheme on the food and nutrient intakes of 2- to 4-year-olds attending long day care.

PubMed

Bell, Lucinda K; Hendrie, Gilly A; Hartley, Jo; Golley, Rebecca K

2015-10-01

Early childhood settings are promising avenues to intervene to improve children's nutrition. Previous research has shown that a nutrition award scheme, Start Right - Eat Right (SRER), improves long day care centre policies, menus and eating environments. Whether this translates into improvements in children's dietary intake is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether SRER improves children's food and nutrient intakes. Pre-post cohort study. Twenty long day care centres in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Children aged 2-4 years (n 236 at baseline, n 232 at follow-up). Dietary intake (morning tea, lunch, afternoon tea) was assessed pre- and post-SRER implementation using the plate wastage method. Centre nutrition policies, menus and environments were evaluated as measures of intervention fidelity. Comparisons between baseline and follow-up were made using t tests. At follow-up, 80 % of centres were fully compliant with the SRER award criteria, indicating high scheme implementation and adoption. Intake increased for all core food groups (range: 0·2-0·4 servings/d, P<0·001) except for vegetable intake. Energy intake increased and improvements in intakes of eleven out of the nineteen nutrients evaluated were observed. SRER is effective in improving children's food and nutrient intakes at a critical time point when dietary habits and preferences are established and can inform future public health nutrition interventions in this setting.

Resource Materials Available in Spanish Concerning Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schultz, Rosario A., Comp.

The document presents, in table form, information on over 100 resource materials written in Spanish on exceptional children. Materials are divided into eight sections: autism; general handicapping conditions (arthritis, asthma, brain damage, cancer, cerebral palsy, cleft lip/cleft palate, developmental disabilities, epilepsy, general, heart,…

CEC's Policy on Children with Exceptionalities in Charter Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children (NJ3), 2011

2011-01-01

The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) vigorously supports educational reforms within the public schools which promote rigorous learning standards, strong educational outcomes, shared decision making, diverse educational offerings, and the removal of unnecessary administrative requirements. However, such schools must reflect a commitment to…

Serving Deaf-Blind Children. Theme of the International Conference on Deaf-Blind Children (4th, 22-27 August 1971, Perkins School for the Blind).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perkins School for the Blind, Watertown, MA.

Presented are 30 papers given at a 5-day international conference on serving deaf-blind children. Additionally provided are the conference agenda, a review of the conference, reports of the nominations and resolutions committees, and a list of conference participants. Among the papers are the following titles: "Programs for Non-Verbal Children",…

Identifying Twice-Exceptional Children and Three Gifted Styles in the Japanese Primary Science Classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sumida, Manabu

2010-10-01

Children with mild developmental disorders sometimes show giftedness. In this study, an original checklist was developed to identify gifted characteristics specific to science learning among twice-exceptional primary school children in Japan. The checklist consisted of 60 items on Attitudes, Thinking, Skills, and Knowledge/Understanding. A total of 86 children from eight primary schools in an urban area in Japan, 50% of whom had Learning Disabilities (LD), Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and/or High-functioning Autism (HA), were observed using the checklist. Factor analysis revealed three factors. A cluster analysis with the subscale points of each factor identified three "gifted styles" in science. These were: (1) Spontaneous Style; (2) Expert Style; and (3) Solid Style. LD/ADHD/HA children characteristically displayed a Spontaneous Style while the non- LD/ADHD/HA children were characterized by the Solid Style. In both subject groups, the number of Expert Style children was the lowest with no significant difference in their numbers. Based on the results of this research, this paper discusses the implications of the findings for teaching science to twice-exceptional children and argues the benefits of inclusive science education for children with and without mild developmental disorders.

The relationship between consanguineous marriage and death in fetus and infants

PubMed Central

Mohammadi, Majid Mehr; Hooman, Heidar Ali; Afrooz, Gholam Ali; Daramadi, Parviz Sharifi

2012-01-01

Background: Given the high prevalence of consanguineous marriages in rural and urban areas of Iran, the aim of this study was to identify its role in increasing fetal and infant deaths. Materials ans Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which 494 mothers with more than one exceptional child (mentally retarded and physically-dynamically disabled) or with normal children were selected based on multi-stage random sampling method. Data was gathered using the features of parents with more than one exceptional child questionnaire. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire was acceptable. Hierarchical log-linear method was used for statistical analysis. Results: Consanguineous marriage significantly increased the number of births of exceptional children. Moreover, there was a significant relation between the history of fetal/infant death and belonging to the group. There was a significant relation between consanguineous marriage and the history of fetal/infant death which means consanguineous marriage increased the prevalence of fetal/infant death in parents with exceptional children rather than in parents with normal children. Conclusions: The rate of fetal/infant death in exceptional births of consanguineous marriages was higher than that of non-consanguineous marriages. PMID:23626609

The Healthy Meal Index: A tool for measuring the healthfulness of meals served to children

PubMed Central

Kasper, Nicole; Mandell, Cami; Ball, Sarah; Miller, Alison L.; Lumeng, Julie; Peterson, Karen E

2017-01-01

Family meals have been associated with higher diet quality and reduced risk of obesity in children. Observational studies of the family meal have been employed with increasing frequency, yet there is currently no tool available for measuring the healthfulness of food served during the meal. Here we present the development and validation of the Healthy Meal Index (HMI), a novel tool for scoring the healthfulness of foods served to children during a meal, as well as sociodemographic predictors of meal scores. Parents of 233 children, aged 4–8 years, self-recorded three home dinners. A research assistant obtained a list of foods available during the meal (meal report) via phone call on the night of each video-recorded meal. This meal report was coded into component foods groups. Subsequently, meals were scored based on the availability of more healthy “Adequacy foods” and the absence of “Moderation foods”, (of which reduced consumption is recommended, according to pediatric dietary guidelines). Adjusted linear regression tested the association of sociodemographic characteristics with HMI scores. A validation study was conducted in a separate sample of 133 children with detailed meal data. In adjusted models, female children had higher HMI Moderation scores (p=0.02), but did not differ in HMI Adequacy or Total scores. Parents with more education served meals with higher HMI Adequacy (p=0.001) and Total scores (p=0.001), though no significant difference was seen in HMI Moderation score (p=0.21). The validation study demonstrated that the HMI was highly correlated with servings of foods and nutrients estimated from observations conducted by research staff. The HMI is a valuable tool for measuring the quality of meals served to children. PMID:26994739

The Healthy Meal Index: A tool for measuring the healthfulness of meals served to children.

PubMed

Kasper, Nicole; Mandell, Cami; Ball, Sarah; Miller, Alison L; Lumeng, Julie; Peterson, Karen E

2016-08-01

Family meals have been associated with higher diet quality and reduced risk of obesity in children. Observational studies of the family meal have been employed with increasing frequency, yet there is currently no tool available for measuring the healthfulness of food served during the meal. Here we present the development and validation of the Healthy Meal Index (HMI), a novel tool for scoring the healthfulness of foods served to children during a meal, as well as sociodemographic predictors of meal scores. Parents of 233 children, aged 4-8 years, self-recorded three home dinners. A research assistant obtained a list of foods available during the meal (meal report) via phone call on the night of each video-recorded meal. This meal report was coded into component food groups. Subsequently, meals were scored based on the availability of more healthy "Adequacy foods" and the absence of "Moderation foods", (of which reduced consumption is recommended, according to pediatric dietary guidelines). Adjusted linear regression tested the association of sociodemographic characteristics with HMI scores. A validation study was conducted in a separate sample of 133 children with detailed meal data. In adjusted models, female children had higher HMI Moderation scores (p = 0.02), but did not differ in HMI Adequacy or Total scores. Parents with more education served meals with higher HMI Adequacy (p = 0.001) and Total scores (p = 0.001), though no significant difference was seen in HMI Moderation score (p = 0.21). The validation study demonstrated that the HMI was highly correlated with servings of foods and nutrients estimated from observations conducted by research staff. The HMI is a valuable tool for measuring the quality of meals served to children. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Resource Directory: Migrant and Indian Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indian Education Training, Inc., Albuquerque, NM.

Designed as a supplementary resource for special education directors and teachers, this directory covers a five state area which includes Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington, and concentrates on targeted resources for Indian and migrant children with exceptional needs. After general discussions of services available for migrant…

34 CFR 300.640 - Annual report of children served-report requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Annual report of children served-report requirement. 300.640 Section 300.640 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIE...

34 CFR 300.640 - Annual report of children served-report requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Annual report of children served-report requirement. 300.640 Section 300.640 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIE...

13 CFR 142.20 - How are papers served?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How are papers served? 142.20... ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.20 How are papers served? Except for service of a complaint or a notice of hearing under §§ 142.11 and 142.14(b) respectively, service of papers must be made as...

13 CFR 142.20 - How are papers served?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How are papers served? 142.20... ACT REGULATIONS Hearing Provisions § 142.20 How are papers served? Except for service of a complaint or a notice of hearing under §§ 142.11 and 142.14(b) respectively, service of papers must be made as...

Questions and Answers: The Education of Exceptional Children. Report Number 73.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hensley, Gene; And Others

Written in question and answer form, the booklet provides brief responses to often asked questions by legislators and educators concerning the education of exceptional children. Among the topics covered are state and federal legislation; planning and accountability; finance; administration, classification, and placement; personnel utilization;…

Council for Exceptional Children: Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2014

2014-01-01

In this article, the "Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)" presents Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education. The statement presents an approach for categorizing the evidence base of practices in special education. The quality indicators and the criteria for categorizing the evidence base of special education…

FACULTY PUBLICATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois Univ., Urbana. Inst. of Research for Exceptional Children.

THE PUBLICATIONS OF EACH OF 14 FACULTY MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN ARE LISTED BY TYPE OF PUBLICATION, THAT IS, JOURNAL ARTICLES, BOOK REVIEWS, BOOKS, AND MONOGRAPHS. ALSO INCLUDED ARE OTHER PUBLICATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE AND DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS SUPPORTED BY THE INSTITUTE. (CG)

Program for Exceptional Children: Regulations and Procedures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia State Dept. of Education, Atlanta. Office of Instructional Services.

The document reviews state of Georgia and federal law regarding the provision of special education programs for exceptional children and youth and outline procedures for providing those programs. Section I presents a summary of Georgia Chapter 32-6A, particularly the sections which address establishment of other special programs of education;…

A Critique of Externally Oriented Behavior Management Approaches as Applied to Exceptional Black Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patton, James M.

The paper looks at philosophical, heuristic, and practical reasons why behavior management approaches have failed to positively impact on the lives of exceptional Black children. Critiqued are behavior modification techniques, contingency management strategies, suspensions, expulsions, and positive and negative reinforcement. Noted among the…

34 CFR 300.140 - Due process complaints and State complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES State Eligibility Children with Disabilities Enrolled by Their Parents in Private Schools § 300.140 Due process complaints and State complaints. (a) Due process not applicable, except for child find. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the procedures in...

Working with Navajo Parents of Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Doris; And Others

Undergraduate students at Northern Arizona University interviewed and surveyed 20 staff members at Kayenta Unified School District (KUSD) on the Navajo Reservation and 14 parents of exceptional Navajo children enrolled in KUSD. Both groups were asked to identify challenges affecting the working relationship between parents and school on a rural…

Consistency of nutrition recommendations for foods marketed to children in the United States, 2009-2010.

PubMed

Weatherspoon, Lorraine J; Quilliam, Elizabeth Taylor; Paek, Hye-Jin; Kim, Sookyong; Venkatesh, Sumathi; Plasencia, Julie; Lee, Mira; Rifon, Nora J

2013-09-26

Food marketing has emerged as an environmental factor that shapes children's dietary behaviors. "Advergames," or free online games designed to promote branded products, are an example of evolving food marketing tactics aimed at children. Our primary objective was to classify foods marketed to children (aged 2-11 y) in advergames as those meeting or not meeting nutrition recommendations of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food & Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), and the Institute of Medicine (IOM). We document the consistency of classification of those foods across agency guidelines and offer policy recommendations. We used comScore Media Builder Metrix to identify 143 websites that marketed foods (n = 439) to children aged 2 to 11 years through advergames. Foods were classified on the basis of each of the 4 agency criteria. Food nutrient labels provided information on serving size, calories, micronutrients, and macronutrients. The websites advertised 254 meals, 101 snacks, and 84 beverages. Proportions of meals and snacks meeting USDA and FDA recommendations were similarly low, with the exception of saturated fat in meals and sodium content in snacks. Inconsistency in recommendations was evidenced by only a small proportion of meals and fewer snacks meeting the recommendations of all the agencies per their guidelines. Beverage recommendations were also inconsistent across the 3 agencies that provide recommendations (USDA, IOM, and CSPI). Most (65%-95%) beverages advertised in advergames did not meet some of these recommendations. Our findings indicate that a large number of foods with low nutritional value are being marketed to children via advergames. A standardized system of food marketing guidance is needed to better inform the public about healthfulness of foods advertised to children.

From the children's perspective: What are candy, snacks, and meals?

PubMed

Adams, Elizabeth L; Savage, Jennifer S

2017-09-01

There remains a lack of consensus on what distinguishes candy (i.e. features sugar as a principal ingredient, also called sweets or lollies), snack foods, and foods served at meals; therefore, this study examined characteristics elementary-aged children use to distinguish between these food categories. Participants were children aged 5-8 years (N = 41). Children were given 39 cards, each containing an image of a common American food (e.g. ice cream, fruit). Children sorted each card into either a "snack" or "candy" pile followed by a semi-structured one-on-one interview to identify children's perceptions of candy, snack foods, and foods served at meals. Verbatim transcripts were coded using a grounded theory approach to derive major themes. All children classified foods such as crackers and dry cereal as snacks; all children classified foods such as skittles and solid chocolate as candy. There was less agreement for "dessert like foods," such as cookies and ice cream, whereby some children classified these foods as candy and others as snacks. Specifically, more children categorized ice cream and chocolate chip cookies as candy (61% and 63%, respectively), than children who categorized these as snack foods (39% and 36%, respectively). Qualitative interviews revealed 4 overarching themes that distinguished among candy, snack foods, and food served at meals: (1) taste, texture, and type; (2) portion size; (3) perception of health; and (4) time of day. Children categorized a variety of foods as both a candy and a snack. Accurate measurement of candy and snack consumption is needed through the use of clear, consistent terminology and comprehensive diet assessment tools. Intervention messaging should clearly distinguish between candy, snack foods, and foods served at meals to improve children's eating behavior. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Qualitative Analysis of What Latino Parents and Adolescents Think and Feel about Language Brokering

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corona, Rosalie; Stevens, Lillian F.; Halfond, Raquel W.; Shaffer, Carla M.; Reid-Quinones, Kathryn; Gonzalez, Tanya

2012-01-01

As the population of children living in immigrant and non-English speaking households continues to increase, children may be placed in the position to serve as an interpreter for their parents (i.e., a language broker). Relatively few studies, however, have obtained fathers' reactions to their children serving as language brokers or explored the…

Effectiveness of Play Therapy on Problem Behaviors of Children with Intellectual Disabilities: A Single Subject Design

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swan, Karrie L.

2011-01-01

A growing disparity between the mental health needs of children and their lack of treatment served as the basis of this study. To address this existent gap, I proposed that child-centered play therapy (CCPT), a holistic treatment that fosters children's emotional, developmental, and social growth would serve as a viable treatment. The purpose of…

The Right Stuff for Children Birth to 8: Selecting Play Materials To Support Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bronson, Martha B.

This book serves as a guide to selecting play materials for individuals providing education and care for young children. The introductory chapter of the book discusses child play and the importance of selection of play materials based on needs of children and the purposes they serve. The next six chapters provide information on play materials,…

34 CFR 300.641 - Annual report of children served-information required in the report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Annual report of children served-information required in the report. 300.641 Section 300.641 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...

34 CFR 300.641 - Annual report of children served-information required in the report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Annual report of children served-information required in the report. 300.641 Section 300.641 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...

34 CFR 300.641 - Annual report of children served-information required in the report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Annual report of children served-information required in the report. 300.641 Section 300.641 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...

34 CFR 300.641 - Annual report of children served-information required in the report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Annual report of children served-information required in the report. 300.641 Section 300.641 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...

34 CFR 300.641 - Annual report of children served-information required in the report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Annual report of children served-information required in the report. 300.641 Section 300.641 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATIVE SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ASSISTANCE TO STATES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...

Linking Community Health Centers with Schools Serving Low-Income Children: An Idea Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Health Resources and Services Administration (DHHS/PHS), Rockville, MD. Bureau of Primary Health Care.

By working together, pooling resources and energy, both health centers and schools can do more to help children to be ready to learn and to reach their full potential as citizens. This book focuses on establishing links between schools serving low-income children and community or migrant health centers. The book is organized into three chapters…

Comparison of planned menus and centre characteristics with foods and beverages served in New York City child-care centres.

PubMed

Breck, Andrew; Dixon, L Beth; Kettel Khan, Laura

2016-10-01

The present study evaluated the extent to which child-care centre menus prepared in advance correspond with food and beverage items served to children. The authors identified centre and staff characteristics that were associated with matches between menus and what was served. Menus were collected from ninety-five centres in New York City (NYC). Direct observation of foods and beverages served to children were conducted during 524 meal and snack times at these centres between April and June 2010, as part of a larger study designed to determine compliance of child-care centres with city health department regulations for nutrition. Child-care centres were located in low-income neighbourhoods in NYC. Overall, 87 % of the foods and beverages listed on the menus or allowed as substitutions were served. Menu items matched with foods and beverages served for all major food groups by >60 %. Sweets and water had lower match percentages (40 and 32 %, respectively), but water was served 68 % of the time when it was not listed on the menu. The staff person making the food and purchasing decisions predicted the match between the planned or substituted items on the menus and the foods and beverages served. In the present study, child-care centre menus included most foods and beverages served to children. Menus planned in advance have potential to be used to inform parents about which child-care centre to send their child or what foods and beverages their enrolled children will be offered throughout the day.

Comparison of planned menus and centre characteristics with foods and beverages served in New York City child-care centres

PubMed Central

Breck, Andrew; Dixon, L Beth; Khan, Laura Kettel

2016-01-01

Objective The present study evaluated the extent to which child-care centre menus prepared in advance correspond with food and beverage items served to children. The authors identified centre and staff characteristics that were associated with matches between menus and what was served. Design Menus were collected from ninety-five centres in New York City (NYC). Direct observation of foods and beverages served to children were conducted during 524 meal and snack times at these centres between April and June 2010, as part of a larger study designed to determine compliance of child-care centres with city health department regulations for nutrition. Setting Child-care centres were located in low-income neighbourhoods in NYC. Results Overall, 87% of the foods and beverages listed on the menus or allowed as substitutions were served. Menu items matched with foods and beverages served for all major food groups by > 60%. Sweets and water had lower match percentages (40 and 32%, respectively), but water was served 68% of the time when it was not listed on the menu. The staff person making the food and purchasing decisions predicted the match between the planned or substituted items on the menus and the foods and beverages served. Conclusions In the present study, child-care centre menus included most foods and beverages served to children. Menus planned in advance have potential to be used to inform parents about which child-care centre to send their child or what foods and beverages their enrolled children will be offered throughout the day. PMID:27280341

77 FR 20614 - Petition Requesting Exception from Lead Content Limits; Notice Granting Exception

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-05

... Lead Content Limits; Notice Granting Exception AGENCY: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. ACTION... received a petition requesting an exception from the 100 ppm lead content limit under section 101(b) of the... granting an exception to the 100 ppm lead content limit for certain aluminum alloy components of children's...

Dietary Intake and Sources of Potassium and the Relationship to Dietary Sodium in a Sample of Australian Pre-School Children.

PubMed

O'Halloran, Siobhan A; Grimes, Carley A; Lacy, Kathleen E; Campbell, Karen J; Nowson, Caryl A

2016-08-13

The aim of this study was to determine the intake and food sources of potassium and the molar sodium:potassium (Na:K) ratio in a sample of Australian pre-school children. Mothers provided dietary recalls of their 3.5 years old children (previous participants of Melbourne Infant Feeding Activity and Nutrition Trial). The average daily potassium intake, the contribution of food groups to daily potassium intake, the Na:K ratio, and daily serves of fruit, dairy, and vegetables, were assessed via three unscheduled 24 h dietary recalls. The sample included 251 Australian children (125 male), mean age 3.5 (0.19) (SD) years. Mean potassium intake was 1618 (267) mg/day, the Na:K ratio was 1.47 (0.5) and 54% of children did not meet the Australian recommended adequate intake (AI) of 2000 mg/day for potassium. Main food sources of potassium were milk (27%), fruit (19%), and vegetable (14%) products/dishes. Food groups with the highest Na:K ratio were processed meats (7.8), white bread/rolls (6.0), and savoury sauces and condiments (5.4). Children had a mean intake of 1.4 (0.75) serves of fruit, 1.4 (0.72) dairy, and 0.52 (0.32) serves of vegetables per day. The majority of children had potassium intakes below the recommended AI. The Na:K ratio exceeded the recommended level of 1 and the average intake of vegetables was 2 serves/day below the recommended 2.5 serves/day and only 20% of recommended intake. An increase in vegetable consumption in pre-school children is recommended to increase dietary potassium and has the potential to decrease the Na:K ratio which is likely to have long-term health benefits.

Dietary Intake and Sources of Potassium and the Relationship to Dietary Sodium in a Sample of Australian Pre-School Children

PubMed Central

O’Halloran, Siobhan A.; Grimes, Carley A.; Lacy, Kathleen E.; Campbell, Karen J.; Nowson, Caryl A.

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the intake and food sources of potassium and the molar sodium:potassium (Na:K) ratio in a sample of Australian pre-school children. Mothers provided dietary recalls of their 3.5 years old children (previous participants of Melbourne Infant Feeding Activity and Nutrition Trial). The average daily potassium intake, the contribution of food groups to daily potassium intake, the Na:K ratio, and daily serves of fruit, dairy, and vegetables, were assessed via three unscheduled 24 h dietary recalls. The sample included 251 Australian children (125 male), mean age 3.5 (0.19) (SD) years. Mean potassium intake was 1618 (267) mg/day, the Na:K ratio was 1.47 (0.5) and 54% of children did not meet the Australian recommended adequate intake (AI) of 2000 mg/day for potassium. Main food sources of potassium were milk (27%), fruit (19%), and vegetable (14%) products/dishes. Food groups with the highest Na:K ratio were processed meats (7.8), white bread/rolls (6.0), and savoury sauces and condiments (5.4). Children had a mean intake of 1.4 (0.75) serves of fruit, 1.4 (0.72) dairy, and 0.52 (0.32) serves of vegetables per day. The majority of children had potassium intakes below the recommended AI. The Na:K ratio exceeded the recommended level of 1 and the average intake of vegetables was 2 serves/day below the recommended 2.5 serves/day and only 20% of recommended intake. An increase in vegetable consumption in pre-school children is recommended to increase dietary potassium and has the potential to decrease the Na:K ratio which is likely to have long-term health benefits. PMID:27529278

Council for Exceptional Children: Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Exceptional Children, 2014

2014-01-01

This report was commissioned by the Council of Exceptional Children (CEC) Board of Directors and a workgroup comprising seven special education researchers (Bryan Cook, Chair; Virginia Buysse; Janette Klingner; Tim Landrum; Robin McWilliam; Melody Tankersley; and Dave Test) who developed, vetted, and piloted the new standards for determining…

Predicting the Resiliency in Parents with Exceptional Children Based on Their Mindfulness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jabbari, Sosan; Firoozabadi, Somayeh Sadati; Rostami, Sedighe

2016-01-01

The purpose of the present study was to predict the resiliency in parents with exceptional children based on their mindfulness. This descriptive correlational study was performed on 260 parents of student (105 male and 159 female) that were selected by cluster sampling method. Family resiliency questionnaire (Sickby, 2005) and five aspect…

Aurally Handicapped -- Research; A Selective Bibliography. Exceptional Child Bibliography Series No. 625.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Reston, VA. Information Center on Exceptional Children.

The selected bibliography of research on aurally handicapped children contains approximately 95 abstracts with indexing information explained to be drawn from the computer file of abstracts representing the Council for Exceptional Children Information Center's complete holdings as of August, 1972. Abstracts are said to be chosen using the criteria…

A Selected Guide to Government Agencies Concerned with Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glassman, Lynne, Comp.; Erickson, Donald, Comp.

The compilation of information on government agencies concerned with exceptional children is based on data available as of April 1971. Intended as a resource guide for persons involved in activities for the handicapped, the directory provides basic information on a broad spectrum of government programs: the Special Education Instructional Material…

A HAND FULL OF MUSIC.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DIVISION OF INSTRUCTION; DIVISION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

A BROCHURE HAS BEEN PREPARED TO GIVE TEACHERS OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN SOME INFORMATION ABOUT MANY INSTRUMENTS WHICH CAN BE USED IN THE CLASSROOM. IT IS NOTED THAT EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN, IN COMMON WITH THEIR NORMAL CLASSMATES, HAVE A LOVE OF BEAUTIFUL MUSIC AND INTRIGUING SOUNDS. MANY OF THEM HAVE SPECIFIC MUSICAL TALENTS, AND MOST OF THEM HAVE BEEN…

Depression and Suicide: Special Education Students at Risk. Exceptional Children at Risk: CEC Mini-Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guetzloe, Eleanor C.

This booklet reviews the role of school personnel in detecting signs of depression and potential suicide, taking appropriate actions, and developing and implementing treatment programs. An introductory chapter notes factors related to depression and suicide that may be evident in exceptional children. The second chapter provides a research…

Expressive Arts for Exceptional Children in the Mainstream: Working Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kingsley, Ronald F., Ed.; Michaels, Eunice R., Ed.

The document contains nine presentations and five miniworkshop papers from a teacher institute on expressive arts for exceptional children in the mainstream. The following titles and authors are represented: "The Educator and Mainstreaming--A State of Mind and a Set of Skills" (G. Bailey); "The Arts in the Mainstream" (G. Barlow); "The Emergence…

The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism: Packet of Information for Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicpon, Megan Foley; Assouline, Susan G.; Colangelo, Nicholas; O'Brien, Matthew

2008-01-01

This "Packet of Information for Families" (PIF) was developed for parents whose children are identified as both gifted/ talented and on the autism spectrum, or twice-exceptional. Parents of twice-exceptional children often search for appropriate and challenging enrichment programs for their child, but the dearth of information available…

Increasing Fathers' Participation in Therapeutic Intervention Programs for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Revelj, Elizabeth O.

In response to a research review indicating that few programs address the father's role in early intervention and preschool programs for the young exceptional child, a three-month practicum was designed which included fathers in physical therapy sessions and in daily home exercise programming for their developmentally disabled children. Practicum…

The Development of Spoken Language in Deaf Children: Explaining the Unexplained Variance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musselman, Carol; Kircaali-Iftar, Gonul

1996-01-01

This study compared 20 young deaf children with either exceptionally good or exceptionally poor spoken language for their hearing loss, age, and intelligence. Factors associated with high performance included earlier use of binaural ear-level aids, better educated mothers, auditory/verbal or auditory/oral instruction, reliance on spoken language…

Stimulating the Environment for Disadvantaged and Minority Group Children. Papers Presented at the Annual International Convention of the Council for Exceptional Children (48th, Chicago, Illinois, April 19-25, 1970).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Arlington, VA.

Included in the report of the convention of the Council for Exceptional Children, 1970, are speeches on the disadvantaged and minority groups. Discussed are the positive influence on self concept of the new black image by Octavia B. Knight, the special needs of black students by Winifred Tillery, and new programs for talent retrieval in urban…

Assessment of Stage of Change, Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, and Use of Processes of Change of Low-Income Parents for Increasing Servings of Fruits and Vegetables to Preschool-Aged Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hildebrand, Deana A.; Betts, Nancy M.

2009-01-01

Objective: Use the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) to determine the proportionate stage of change of low-income parents and primary caregivers (PPC) for increasing accessibility, measured as servings served, of fruits and vegetables (FV) to their preschool-aged children and evaluate response differences for theoretical constructs.…

Infantile sexuality: Its place in the conceptual developments of Anna Freud and Donald W. Winnicott.

PubMed

Joyce, Angela

2016-06-01

This essay explores the place of infantile sexuality in the theories of Anna Freud and Donald W Winnicott. Both Anna Freud and D.W. Winnicott incorporated and at the same time changed the classical psychoanalytic account of infantile sexuality and the instinctual drives. Whilst Anna Freud remained closer to her father's original conceptualization, she developed a multidimensional model of development which gave the drives a foundational status whist also maintaining their significance in giving meaning and texture to children's subjective experience. Winnicott also retained much of S. Freud's original theorizing except that in a fundamental way he turned it on its head when considering earliest development. For him the establishment of the self was paramount, and the drives and infantile sexuality merely served to give substance to that self. Copyright © 2016 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Serving large portions of vegetable soup at the start of a meal affected children’s energy and vegetable intake

PubMed Central

Spill, Maureen K.; Birch, Leann L.; Roe, Liane S.; Rolls, Barbara J.

2011-01-01

This study tested whether varying the portion of low-energy-dense vegetable soup served at the start of a meal affects meal energy and vegetable intakes in children. Subjects were 3- to 5-year-olds (31 boys and 41 girls) in daycare facilities. Using a crossover design, children were served lunch once a week for four weeks. On three occasions, different portions of tomato soup (150, 225, and 300 g) were served at the start of the meal, and on one occasion no soup was served. Children had 10 minutes to consume the soup before being served the main course. All foods were consumed ad libitum. The primary outcomes were soup intake as well as energy and vegetable intake at the main course. A mixed linear model tested the effect of soup portion size on intake. Serving any portion of soup reduced entrée energy intake compared with serving no soup, but total meal energy intake was only reduced when 150 g of soup was served. Increasing the portion size increased soup and vegetable intake. Serving low-energy-dense, vegetable soup as a first course is an effective strategy to reduce children’s intake of a more energy-dense main entrée and increase vegetable consumption at the meal. PMID:21596073

Children select unhealthy choices when given a choice among snack offerings.

PubMed

Beets, Michael W; Tilley, Falon; Kyryliuk, Rebecca; Weaver, Robert G; Moore, Justin B; Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle

2014-09-01

Out-of-school-time programs serve snacks to millions of children annually. State and national snack policies endorse serving more-healthful options, such as fruits, yet often allow less-healthful options, such as cookies and chips, to be served simultaneously. To date, no studies have examined the choices children make when provided with disparate snack options in out-of-school-time programs. An experimental study with randomized exposures was conducted that exposed children (5 to 10 years old) to the following conditions: whole or sliced fruit; whole/sliced fruit, sugar-sweetened snacks (eg, cookies) and flavored salty (eg, nacho cheese-flavored tortilla chips) snacks; and whole/sliced fruit and less-processed/unflavored grain snacks (eg, pretzels), during a 2-week period representing 18 snack occasions (morning and afternoon) during summer 2013. The percentage of children who selected snacks, snack consumption, and percent of serving wasted were calculated and analyzed using repeated-measures analyses of variance with Bonferroni adjustments. A total of 1,053 observations were made. Sliced fruit was selected more than whole fruit across all conditions. Fruit (sliced or whole) was seldom selected when served simultaneously with sugar-sweetened (6% vs 58%) and flavored salty (6% vs 38%) snacks or unflavored grain snacks (23% vs 64%). More children consumed 100% of the sugar-sweetened (89%) and flavored salty (82%) snacks compared with fruit (71%); 100% consumption was comparable between fruit (59%) and unflavored grain snacks (49%). Approximately 15% to 47% of fruit was wasted, compared with 8% to 38% of sugar-sweetened, flavored salty, and unflavored grain snacks. Snack policies that encourage out-of-school-time programs to serve fruit require clear language that limits offering less-healthful snack options simultaneously. Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Children select unhealthy choices when given a choice among snack offerings

PubMed Central

Beets, Michael W.; Tilley, Falon; Kyryliuk, Rebecca; Weaver, Robert G.; Moore, Justin; Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle

2014-01-01

Out-of-school-time (OST) programs serve snacks to millions of children annually. State and national snack policies endorse serving more healthful options, such as fruits, yet often allow less healthful options, such as cookies/chips, to be served simultaneously. To date, no studies have examined the choices children make when provided with disparate snack options in OST programs.. An experimental study with randomized exposures was conducted that exposed children (5–10yrs) to 3 conditions: 1) whole or sliced fruit; 2) whole/sliced fruit, sugar-sweetened snacks (e.g., cookies) and flavored-salty (e.g., nacho cheese-flavored tortilla chips) snacks; and 3) whole/sliced fruit and less processed/unflavored grain snacks (e.g., pretzels), over a two-week period representing 18 snack occasions (morning and afternoon) during summer 2013. The percentage of children who selected snacks, snack consumption, and percent of serving wasted were calculated and analyzed using repeated-measures analyses of variance with Bonferroni adjustments. A total of 1,053 observations were made. Sliced-fruit was selected more than whole-fruit across all conditions. Fruit (sliced or whole) was seldom selected when served simultaneously with sugar-sweetened (6% vs. 58%) and flavored-salty (6% vs. 38%) snacks or unflavored grain snacks (23% vs. 64%). More children consumed 100% of the sugar-sweetened (89%) and flavored-salty (82%) snacks compared to fruit (71%); 100% consumption was comparable between fruit (59%) and unflavored grain snacks (49%). Approximately 15%–47% of fruit was wasted, compared to 8%–38% of sugar-sweetened, flavored-salty, and unflavored grain snacks. Snack policies that encourage OST programs to serve fruit require clear language that limits offering less healthful snack options simultaneously. PMID:24935610

Estimation of portion size in children's dietary assessment: lessons learnt.

PubMed

Foster, E; Adamson, A J; Anderson, A S; Barton, K L; Wrieden, W L

2009-02-01

Assessing the dietary intake of young children is challenging. In any 1 day, children may have several carers responsible for providing them with their dietary requirements, and once children reach school age, traditional methods such as weighing all items consumed become impractical. As an alternative to weighed records, food portion size assessment tools are available to assist subjects in estimating the amounts of foods consumed. Existing food photographs designed for use with adults and based on adult portion sizes have been found to be inappropriate for use with children. This article presents a review and summary of a body of work carried out to improve the estimation of portion sizes consumed by children. Feasibility work was undertaken to determine the accuracy and precision of three portion size assessment tools; food photographs, food models and a computer-based Interactive Portion Size Assessment System (IPSAS). These tools were based on portion sizes served to children during the National Diet and Nutrition Survey. As children often do not consume all of the food served to them, smaller portions were included in each tool for estimation of leftovers. The tools covered 22 foods, which children commonly consume. Children were served known amounts of each food and leftovers were recorded. They were then asked to estimate both the amount of food that they were served and the amount of any food leftover. Children were found to estimate food portion size with an accuracy approaching that of adults using both the food photographs and IPSAS. Further development is underway to increase the number of food photographs and to develop IPSAS to cover a much wider range of foods and to validate the use of these tools in a 'real life' setting.

Disruptive Forces

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Banion, Terry

2009-01-01

More than 6,500 trustees serve the nation's community colleges. The overwhelming majority of these trustees are exceptional community leaders, elected and appointed to champion the community college mission for the community and students they represent. These local trustees serve the greater good, and as the guardians of their local community…

Latina mothers’ influences on child appetite regulation

PubMed Central

Silva, Karina; Power, Thomas G.; Fisher, Jennifer Orlet; O’Connor, Teresia M.; Hughes, Sheryl O.

2016-01-01

Parents influence child weight through interactions that shape the development of child eating behaviors. In this study we examined the association between maternal autonomy promoting serving practices and child appetite regulation. We predicted that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices would be positively associated with child appetite regulation. Participants were low-income Latino children—a group at high risk for the development of childhood obesity. A total of 186 low-income Latina mothers and their 4-5 year old children came to a laboratory on two separate days. On the first day, mothers and children chose foods for a meal from a buffet and were audio/videotaped so that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices could be later coded. On the second day, children completed the Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) task to measure child appetite regulation. Mothers also completed the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to measure other aspects of child appetite regulation (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness, and emotional overeating). Maternal autonomy promotion during serving was assessed using seven separate measures of child and maternal behavior. Principal components analyses of these serving measures yielded three components: allows child choice, child serves food, and mother does not restrict. Consistent with hypotheses, maternal autonomy promoting serving practices (i.e., allows child choice and does not restrict) were negatively associated with maternal reports of child food responsiveness and emotional overeating (CEBQ). The results for the EAH task were more complex—mothers who were autonomy promoting in their serving practices had children who ate the most in the absence of hunger, but this linear effect was moderated somewhat by quadratic effect, with moderate levels of autonomy promotion during serving associated with the greatest child EAH. PMID:27083128

Selecting Library Materials for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Karen H.

1979-01-01

Presents principles for selecting library materials appropriate for physically handicapped, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed children, and for promoting understanding of the handicapped by nonimpaired children. (CMV)

IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Section on Children's Libraries; Section on Libraries for the Blind; Section on Public Libraries. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).

Twelve papers delivered at a joint meeting at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions annual meeting of the Children's Libraries, Public Libraries, and Libraries for the Blind sections of the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public are presented. Most of the papers deal with library services to children, but…

Si Hablas Espanol Eres Mojado (If You Speak Spanish You are a Wetback): Spanish as an Identity Marker in the Lives of Mexicano Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benjamin, Rebecca

1997-01-01

Discusses the function of Spanish in the school lives of Mexican American children, documenting the discussion through the experiences of five fifth-grade friends. Spanish serves to unify them, but it also serves to keep others out of the friendship group. Educators must recognize that language minority children have special needs. (SLD)

Pulmonary Function Test Abnormalities in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is It Common?

PubMed

El Amrousy, Doaa Mohamed; Hassan, Samir; El-Ashry, Heba; Yousef, Mohamed; Sharshar, Ragia

2018-04-03

The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and type of pulmonary dysfunction in newly diagnosed children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the correlation between pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and IBD activity. It is an observational case-control study. One hundred newly diagnosed children with IBD were enrolled as the patient group, which was subdivided into 52 with Crohn disease (CD) and 48 with ulcerative colitis (UC). Fifty healthy children matched for age, sex, height, and body mass index (BMI) served as the control group. PFTs in the form of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, residual volume (RV), total lung capacity (TLC), mid-forced expiratory flow of 25% to 75% (FEF 25%-75%) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were evaluated in all studied children. PFTs were measured at diagnosis, every 6 months for a period of 3 years, during remission and at least once during activity in patient group. There was significant progressive deterioration in all PFTs in IBD patients compared with their PFTs at the start of the study (P < 0.05) except for FEV1/FVC, RV, and TLC (P > 0.05). There was significant deterioration during disease activity compared with remission state regarding FEV1, FVC, FEV 25% to 75%, and DLCO (P < 0.05). Significant negative correlation was found between disease activity in both UC and CD groups and FEV1, FVC, FEV 25% to 75%, and DLCO. Subclinical PFT abnormalities are common in pediatric IBD even during remission period. So, periodic PFT evaluation should be considered in the routine follow-up of IBD children.

Consistency of Nutrition Recommendations for Foods Marketed to Children in the United States, 2009–2010

PubMed Central

Quilliam, Elizabeth Taylor; Paek, Hye-Jin; Kim, Sookyong; Venkatesh, Sumathi; Plasencia, Julie; Lee, Mira; Rifon, Nora J.

2013-01-01

Introduction Food marketing has emerged as an environmental factor that shapes children’s dietary behaviors. “Advergames,” or free online games designed to promote branded products, are an example of evolving food marketing tactics aimed at children. Our primary objective was to classify foods marketed to children (aged 2–11 y) in advergames as those meeting or not meeting nutrition recommendations of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food & Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), and the Institute of Medicine (IOM). We document the consistency of classification of those foods across agency guidelines and offer policy recommendations. Methods We used comScore Media Builder Metrix to identify 143 websites that marketed foods (n = 439) to children aged 2 to 11 years through advergames. Foods were classified on the basis of each of the 4 agency criteria. Food nutrient labels provided information on serving size, calories, micronutrients, and macronutrients. Results The websites advertised 254 meals, 101 snacks, and 84 beverages. Proportions of meals and snacks meeting USDA and FDA recommendations were similarly low, with the exception of saturated fat in meals and sodium content in snacks. Inconsistency in recommendations was evidenced by only a small proportion of meals and fewer snacks meeting the recommendations of all the agencies per their guidelines. Beverage recommendations were also inconsistent across the 3 agencies that provide recommendations (USDA, IOM, and CSPI). Most (65%–95%) beverages advertised in advergames did not meet some of these recommendations. Conclusion Our findings indicate that a large number of foods with low nutritional value are being marketed to children via advergames. A standardized system of food marketing guidance is needed to better inform the public about healthfulness of foods advertised to children. PMID:24070037

Caregivers' attitudes regarding portion sizes served to children at Head Start

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Head Start caregivers are responsible for educating and feeding preschoolers enrolled in the Head Start program. Amongst pre-school aged children, portion size served is positively associated with intake of those foods. Researchers conducted eight focus groups with Hispanic and African American Head...

Shifting Paradigms to Better Serve Twice-Exceptional African-American Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Charissa M.; Ford, Donna Y.; Lisbon, April J.; Owens, Michael T.

2016-01-01

Existing research on students with twice-exceptional abilities concentrates on strategies to improve the educational experiences of individuals who demonstrate the comorbid presence of a talent for high academic achievement (often considered a strength) and a disability (often considered a weakness). However, this body of work typically excludes…

75 FR 58283 - National Hispanic-Serving Institutions Week, 2010

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-23

... compete and thrive. Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) are key members of our higher education system... Proclamation Education is critical to our children's future and to the continued growth and prosperity of our... education to our children and ensure they can obtain higher education and job training. Currently, Hispanics...

Special Education Staffing and Service Models in Christian Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lane, Julie M.

2017-01-01

Christian schools are not obligated to accept children with disabilities. However, the growing trend in Christian schools is to serve children with disabilities. Recent literature has begun to identify enrollment trends, areas of disability served, and professional development in Christian schools as it relates to disability. Literature exists…

Leveraging Early Childhood Data for Better Decision Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sirinides, Philip; Coffey, Missy

2018-01-01

Americans share an expectation that government will serve the common good, creating inescapable pressure for public agencies--especially those that serve young children--to perform well. Yet education and human services agencies continually struggle to respond to the complex conditions in which children are born. How can they address the practical…

Exceptional Child I: Building Understanding [and] Exceptional Child II: Focusing on Nurturing & Learning. The Developing Child. [Videotapes].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magna Systems, Inc., Crystal Lake, IL.

These two videotape recordings and accompanying workbook provide information on the developmental stages of childhood, influences on child development, and identifying children with disabilities. The videos, "Exceptional Child 1: Building Understanding," (27 minutes) and "Exceptional Child 2: Focusing on Nurturing & Learning," (28 minutes) address…

Bright Not Broken: Gifted Kids, ADHD, and Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, Diane M.; Banks, Rebecca S.; Grandin, Temple

2011-01-01

The future of our society depends on our gifted children--the population in which we'll find our next Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, or Virginia Woolf. Yet the gifts and talents of some of our most brilliant kids may never be recognized because these children fall into a group known as twice exceptional, or "2e." Twice exceptional kids are both…

Attitudes of Educators Toward Exceptional Children. Syracuse University Special Education and Rehabilitation Monograph Series 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haring, Norris G.; And Others

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the extent to which the utilization of a workshop can modify attitudes of classroom teachers toward greater and more realistic acceptance of exceptional children. Teachers and administrators from four schools were provided 15 workshop sessions within 30 weeks. Meetings included a lecture on an area…

Bureau of Indian Affairs Advisory Committee for Exceptional Children. The Third Annual Report to the Department of the Interior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Indian Affairs (Dept. of Interior), Washington, DC. Div. of Exceptional Education.

The third annual report (1981-82) of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Advisory Committee for Exceptional Children contains summaries of Committee meetings, results of a survey of BIA agency and area special education coordinators regarding Committee activities, recommendations, and five appendices. Results of the survey of coordinators indicate…

Rational Emotive Approaches to the Problems of Parents with Exceptional Children: A Brief Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McInerney, John F.

Parents of exceptional children face numerous challenges in their efforts to meet the needs of their child. Reaction to the realization that a problem exists in the child's development or educational achievement may lead to emotional distress which can be self-defeating. Such parents often benefit from a direct approach to addressing these issues…

Educational Assessment in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province: Practices, Issues, and Challenges for Educating Culturally Linguistically Diverse and Exceptional Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gouleta, Eirini

2015-01-01

This article presents the case of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan's former North-West Frontier Province, and its provincial educational assessment policies and practices. These policies and practices affect millions of Culturally Linguistically Diverse and Exceptional (CLDE) children who live in rural and remote areas, and areas afflicted by…

Relative validation of Block Kids Food Screener for dietary assessment in children and adolescents.

PubMed

Hunsberger, Monica; O'Malley, Jean; Block, Torin; Norris, Jean C

2015-04-01

Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are less time consuming and inexpensive instruments for collecting dietary intake when compared with 24-h dietary recalls or double-labelled water; however, the validation of FFQ is important as incorrect information may lead to biased conclusions about associations. Therefore, the relative validity of the Block Kids Food Screener (BKFS) developed for use with children was examined in a convenience sample of 99 youth recruited from the Portland, OR metropolitan area. Three 24-h dietary recalls served as the reference. The relative validity was analysed after natural log transformation of all variables except glycaemic index prior to correlation analysis. Daily cup equivalent totals from the BKFS and 'servings' from 24-h recalls were used to compute average daily intake of fruits, vegetables, potatoes, whole grains, legumes, meat/fish/poultry and dairy. Protein grams (g), total kcalories, glycaemic index (glucose reference), glycaemic load (glucose reference), total saturated fat (g) and added sugar (g) were also calculated by each instrument. The correlation between data obtained from the two instruments was corrected for the within-subject variation in food intake reported by the 24-h recalls using standard nutritional assessment methodology. The de-attenuated correlations in nutritional intake between the two dietary assessment instruments ranged from 0.526 for vegetables, to 0.878 for potatoes. The 24-h recall estimated higher levels of saturated fat and added sugar consumption, higher glycaemic loads and glycaemic indices; the de-attenuatted correlations of these measures ranged from 0.478 to 0.768. Assessment of Bland-Altman plots indicated no systematic difference between the two instruments for vegetable, dairy and meat/fish/poultry fat consumption. BKFS is a useful dietary assessment instrument for the nutrients and food groups it was designed to assess in children age 10-17 years. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

34 CFR 606.6 - What regulations apply?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION DEVELOPING HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General § 606.6 What regulations apply? The following regulations apply to the Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions Program: (a) The... part 75 (Direct Grant Programs), except 34 CFR 75.128(a)(2) and 75.129(a) in the case of applications...

77 FR 19007 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-29

... engage in Committee deliberations. Committee members, who are not full-time or permanent part-time... of 5 U.S.C. 3109 and shall serve as special government employee members. With the exception of travel and per diem for official Committee related travel, Committee members shall serve without compensation...

77 FR 66443 - Renewal of the Defense Health Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-05

... an annual basis according to DoD policy and procedures. Board members who are not full-time or permanent part-time Federal employees shall be appointed to serve as experts and consultants under the... exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Board members shall serve without compensation. The...

77 FR 5779 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-06

... toward the Panel's total membership. Panel Members who are not full- time or permanent part-time federal....C. 3109 and shall serve as special government employee members. With the exception of travel and per diem for official Panel related travel, Panel members shall serve without compensation. The Secretary...

76 FR 64077 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-17

... not full-time or permanent part-time federal employees, shall be appointed as experts and consultants... the exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Board members shall serve without.... Such individuals, if not full- time or part-time government employees, shall be appointed to serve as...

77 FR 23467 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-19

... Board deliberations. Board members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, who are not full-time or permanent part-time Federal employees, shall be appointed to serve as experts and consultants under the... addition, they shall serve without compensation, except for travel and per diem for official Board-related...

34 CFR 300.114 - LRE requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Except as provided in § 300.324(d)(2) (regarding children with disabilities in adult prisons), the State... the maximum extent appropriate, children with disabilities, including children in public or private...

Comparison of Menus to Actual Foods and Beverages Served in North Carolina Child-Care Centers

PubMed Central

BENJAMIN NEELON, SARA E.; COPELAND, KRISTEN A.; BALL, SARAH C.; BRADLEY, LAUREN; WARD, DIANNE S

2011-01-01

Menus from child-care centers are an important source of information for parents, researchers, and child-care regulators, but previous research suggests that menus do not accurately represent foods served. The purpose of this study was to compare menus with actual foods and beverages served to children in child-care centers. Menus were collected and a dietary observation was conducted to document all foods and beverages served to children during the course of 1 day in 84 child-care centers in North Carolina in the fall of 2005. Frequencies of foods and beverages on the menus vs those served were computed by eating occasion, food category, and individual foods and beverages. Of the 254 meals and snacks served, 131 (52%) meals and snacks matched entirely what was stated on the menu. Of the 820 individual foods and beverages served, 710 (86.6%) matched those listed on the menus. An additional 110 foods and beverages were served but not listed on the menus. Grains, juice, and vegetables were served less often than indicated on the menus, and milk, protein-rich foods, fruits, mixed dishes, and foods of low nutritional value were served more often than listed on the menus. Overall, just over half of all meals and snacks matched menus, and nearly 90% of individual foods and beverages served matched those stated on menus. Parents of children in child care and dietetics practitioners providing consultation to child-care centers can encourage not only provision of healthy foods and beverages, but also accurate menus in child care. PMID:21111096

Child characteristics, caregiver characteristics, and environmental factors affecting the quality of life of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy.

PubMed

Tseng, Mei-Hui; Chen, Kuan-Lin; Shieh, Jeng-Yi; Lu, Lu; Huang, Chien-Yu; Simeonsson, Rune J

2016-12-01

The study aimed to investigate comprehensively the determinants of the quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY). A total of 167 children with CP (mean age 9.06 years, SD 2.61 years) and their caregivers (mean age 40.24 years, SD 5.43 years) participated in this study. The QOL of caregivers was measured with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF-Taiwan version (WHOQOL-BREF-TW). The potential determinants of QOL were collected, including child characteristics, caregiver characteristics, and environmental factors from all dimensions of the ICF-CY and analysed using multiple regression models. Four multiple regression models revealed that determinants of the QOL of caregivers of children with CP was multidimensional, encompassing child characteristics (age, type of CP, fine motor impairment, other diseases, behaviour and emotions, visual impairment, hearing impairment), caregiver characteristics (general mental health, parenting stress, marital status, family coping patterns, and socio-economic status), and environmental factors (child's medication, school setting, and current rehabilitation service, caregiver's spouse's age, family life impacts, and domestic helper). Knowledge of the determinants of QOL could serve as a guide in a holistic approach to evaluation and intervention and help plan interventions targeted at these determinants to improve the QOL of caregivers of children with CP. Implications for Rehabilitation Caregivers of children with CP had lower QOL, except the environment QOL. The QOL determinants of caregivers of children with CP are multidimensional, including child characteristics, caregiver characteristics, and environmental factors. In addition to child characteristics of severity of fine motor impairments and emotional and behavioural problems, caregiver characteristics of general mental health, parenting stress, and coping patterns, and environmental factors of family life impacts, and school setting demonstrated important relationships with caregiver QOL.

Is Racial and Ethnic Equity Possible in Juvenile Justice?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bilchik, Shay

2008-01-01

Promising approaches in both policy and practice have emerged that should serve as beacons to guide professionals as they renew their determination to ensure fairness for all races and ethnicities in child serving systems. Indeed, when those systems are equitably treating children of color, then all children will benefit. The Center for Juvenile…

78 FR 41857 - Simplified Cost Accounting and Other Actions To Reduce Paperwork in the Summer Food Service...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

... of the number of meals served to eligible children times the operating payment rate. For... meals served to eligible children times the administrative payment rate, or the amount specified in the... maximum ``meals times rates'' combined operating and administrative reimbursement without regard to their...

Speech-Language Pathologists' Preparation, Practices, and Perspectives on Serving Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guiberson, Mark; Atkins, Jenny

2012-01-01

This study describes the backgrounds, diversity training, and professional perspectives reported by 154 Colorado speech-language pathologists in serving children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) backgrounds. The authors compare the results of the current survey to those of a similar survey collected in 1996. Respondents reported…

The Role of the School-based Speech-Language Pathologist Serving Preschool Children with Dysphagia: A Personal Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kurjan, Randy Moskowitz

2000-01-01

This article discusses the role of speech-language pathologists in serving preschool children with dysphagia. Current approaches to feeding and swallowing intervention, etiologies and programs, transdisciplinary teaming, developmental and feeding evaluation, and types of service delivery models (home-based and center-based) for preschool children…

Miss Willie and Nora Bonesteel: Teaching in Cyberspace.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atwell, Nedra Wheeler

Two of the author's favorite Appalachian women serve as thought mentors to help see the practical and educational opportunities available in cyberspace for meeting the critical shortage of teachers serving the Appalachian women and children of today. In classrooms and homes throughout Appalachia, women and children are logging on to computers to…

A Model of Twice-Exceptionality: Explaining and Defining the Apparent Paradoxical Combination of Disability and Giftedness in Childhood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ronksley-Pavia, Michelle

2015-01-01

The literature on twice-exceptionality suggests one of the main problems facing twice-exceptional children is that there is no consensus on the definition of the terms "disability" or "giftedness" and, consequently, the term "twice-exceptional". Endeavoring to define these specific terms loops back on itself to…

Quantifying pediatric neuro-oncology risk factors: development of the neurological predictor scale.

PubMed

Micklewright, Jackie L; King, Tricia Z; Morris, Robin D; Krawiecki, Nicolas

2008-04-01

Pediatric neuro-oncology researchers face methodological challenges associated with quantifying the influence of tumor and treatment-related risk factors on child outcomes. The Neurological Predictor Scale was developed to serve as a cumulative index of a child's exposure to risk factors. The clinical utility of the Neurological Predictor Scale was explored in a sample of 25 children with heterogeneous brain tumors. Consistent with expectation, a series of regression analyses demonstrated that the Neurological Predictor Scale significantly predicted composite intellectual functioning (r(2) = 0.21, p < .05), short-term memory (r(2) = 0.16, p = .05), and abstract visual reasoning abilities (r(2) = 0.28, p < .05). With the exception of chemotherapy, the Neurological Predictor Scale accounted for a significant amount of the variance in child intellectual functioning above and beyond individually examined variables. The Neurological Predictor Scale can be used to quickly quantify the cumulative risk factors associated with pediatric brain tumor diagnoses.

49 CFR 105.35 - Serving documents in PHMSA proceedings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... following methods, except where a different method of service is specifically required: (1) Registered or... document by one of the following methods, except where a different method of service is specifically... at http://www.regulations.gov. [67 FR 42951, June 25, 2002, as amended at 72 FR 55682, Oct. 1, 2007] ...

Brazil's Exception to the World-Class University Movement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alperin, Juan Pablo

2013-01-01

The continued importance of university rankings has only served to fuel the growth of the "world-class" university movement. There is a growing impression that, in a globalised and interconnected world, no country can do without a world-class university. No country, that is, except Brazil. While Brazil has the resources necessary to…

Speech, Language, and Communication Disorders. Papers Presented at the Annual International Convention of the Council for Exceptional Children (48th, Chicago, Illinois, April 19-25, 1970).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Arlington, VA.

Speech, language, and communication disorders were among the topics of papers presented at the convention of the Council for Exceptional Children in Chicago, 1970. Discussions include evaluation theory and caseload selection by Lear Ashmore, differential diagnosis in a rural school by William L. Shinder, the practical application of differential…

Bureau of Indian Affairs Special Education Opportunities for Exceptional Children. The Second Annual Report to the Department of the Interior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Indian Affairs (Dept. of Interior), Washington, DC.

The report describes 1980-81 meetings and efforts of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Advisory Committee for Exceptional Children. Proceedings of three meetings are summarized in Part I. Part II analyzes the Department of Interior/BIA state plans for fiscal years 1980-3. The section lists comments and recommendations for such aspects as the…

Bureau of Indian Affairs Special Education Opportunities for Exceptional Children, Youth and Adults: The First Annual Report to the Department of the Interior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Indian Affairs (Dept. of Interior), Washington, DC.

The first annual report (1979) of the 15-member Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Advisory Committee for Exceptional Children (ACEC) reflects activities, concerns, and recommendations to the Department of the Interior for providing appropriate specialized programs and services for education of the projected 4,506 American Indian and Alaska Native…

Kentucky's Public Schools: Status Report; Program for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kentucky State Dept. of Education, Frankfort. Div. of Special Education.

Under Kentucky's Foundation Program Law of 1954 as amended, which provides for classroom units for exceptional children, the number of such units has increased from 99.3 to 29 districts in the Program's first year to 1,060 in 148 of the state's 193 districts in 1969-70. Units for the mentally retarded increased most, from 22.5 to 732.3, in 130…

Is a "Phoenician" reading style superior to a "Chinese" reading style? Evidence from fourth graders.

PubMed

Bowey, Judith A

2008-07-01

This study compared normally achieving fourth-grade "Phoenician" readers, who identify nonwords significantly more accurately than they do exception words, with "Chinese" readers, who show the reverse pattern. Phoenician readers scored lower than Chinese readers on word identification, exception word reading, orthographic choice, spelling, reading comprehension, and verbal ability. When compared with normally achieving children who read nonwords and exception words equally well, Chinese readers scored as well as these children on word identification, regular word reading, orthographic choice, spelling, reading comprehension, phonological sensitivity, and verbal ability and scored better on exception word reading. Chinese readers also used rhyme-based analogies to read nonwords derived from high-frequency exception words just as often as did these children. As predicted, Phoenician and Chinese readers adopted somewhat different strategies in reading ambiguous nonwords constructed by analogy to high-frequency exception words. Phoenician readers were more likely than Chinese readers to read ambiguous monosyllabic nonwords via context-free grapheme-phoneme correspondences and were less likely to read disyllabic nonwords by analogy to high-frequency analogues. Although the Chinese reading style was more common than the Phoenician style in normally achieving fourth graders, there were similar numbers of poor readers with phonological dyslexia (identifying nonwords significantly more accurately than exception words) and surface dyslexia (showing the reverse pattern), although surface dyslexia was more common in the severely disabled readers. However, few of the poor readers showed pure patterns of phonological or surface dyslexia.

BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH ON EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

KIRK, SAMUEL A.; WEINER, BLUMA B.

THIS MONOGRAPH PROVIDES REVIEWS OF BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH STUDIES WHICH INCLUDE AUTHOR, TITLE, PURPOSE, SUBJECTS, METHODS OR PROCEDURES, AND RESULTS. REVIEWS ARE GROUPED BY 11 EXCEPTIONALITY AREAS AND ADMINISTRATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION. THE AREAS OF EXCEPTIONALITY ARE (1) GIFTED, (2) EDUCABLE MENTALLY RETARDED, (3) TRAINABLE MENTALLY RETARDED, (4)…

Exceptional Pupils. Special Education Bulletin Number 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana State Dept. of Public Instruction, Indianapolis. Div. of Special Education.

An introduction to exceptional children precedes a discussion of each of the following areas of exceptionality; giftedness, mental retardation, physical handicaps and special health problems, blindness and partial vision, aural handicaps, speech handicaps, emotional disturbance, and learning disabilities. Each chapter is followed by a bibliography…

Educating Exceptional Children: Current Issue for Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Specht, Jacqueline

2004-01-01

The Oxford dictionary defines exceptionality as "forming an exception; very unusual; outstandingly good." A thesaurus provides the following synonyms: outstanding, excellent, brilliant, antonym of ordinary. In education and psychology textbooks and journals, however, it is often defined in ways that focus on limitations, with synonyms…

36 CFR 241.1 - Cooperation in wildlife protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... hereafter may be, lawfully appointed deputy game wardens under the laws of any State, will serve in such capacity with full power to enforce the State laws and regulations relating to fur-bearing and game animals, birds, and fish. Such officials will serve as State deputy game wardens without additional pay, except...

36 CFR 241.1 - Cooperation in wildlife protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... hereafter may be, lawfully appointed deputy game wardens under the laws of any State, will serve in such capacity with full power to enforce the State laws and regulations relating to fur-bearing and game animals, birds, and fish. Such officials will serve as State deputy game wardens without additional pay, except...

36 CFR 241.1 - Cooperation in wildlife protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... hereafter may be, lawfully appointed deputy game wardens under the laws of any State, will serve in such capacity with full power to enforce the State laws and regulations relating to fur-bearing and game animals, birds, and fish. Such officials will serve as State deputy game wardens without additional pay, except...

36 CFR 241.1 - Cooperation in wildlife protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... hereafter may be, lawfully appointed deputy game wardens under the laws of any State, will serve in such capacity with full power to enforce the State laws and regulations relating to fur-bearing and game animals, birds, and fish. Such officials will serve as State deputy game wardens without additional pay, except...

36 CFR 241.1 - Cooperation in wildlife protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... hereafter may be, lawfully appointed deputy game wardens under the laws of any State, will serve in such capacity with full power to enforce the State laws and regulations relating to fur-bearing and game animals, birds, and fish. Such officials will serve as State deputy game wardens without additional pay, except...

77 FR 782 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-06

... annual renewals. Board members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, who are not full-time or permanent part-time Federal officers or employees, shall be appointed to serve as experts and consultants under... exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Board members shall serve without compensation. Board...

77 FR 26264 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-03

.... Committee members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, who are not full-time or permanent part-time... of 5 U.S.C. 3109, and to serve as special government employees. With the exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Committee members shall serve without compensation. [[Page 26265

77 FR 22291 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-13

... Chairperson. Board members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, who are not full-time or permanent part-time... shall serve as special government employee members. With the exception of travel and per diem for official travel, Board members shall serve without compensation. All Board members are appointed to provide...

77 FR 22297 - Renewal of Department of Defense Federal Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-13

... not full-time or permanent part-time Federal employees, shall be appointed to serve as experts and... the exception of travel and per diem for official Committee related travel, Committee members shall.... Subcommittee members, if not full-time or part-time government employees, shall be appointed to serve as...

20 CFR 404.2022 - Who may not serve as a representative payee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Who may not serve as a representative payee? 404.2022 Section 404.2022 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE... and the exception is in the beneficiary's best interest. (c) Receives title II, VIII, or XVI benefits...

20 CFR 416.622 - Who may not serve as a representative payee?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Who may not serve as a representative payee? 416.622 Section 416.622 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY... and the exception is in the beneficiary's best interest. (c) Receives title II, VIII, or XVI benefits...

12 CFR 1780.10 - Service of papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Service of papers. 1780.10 Section 1780.10... papers. (a) By the parties. Except as otherwise provided, a party filing papers or serving a subpoena...) Transmission by electronic media, only if the parties mutually agree. Any papers served by electronic media...

12 CFR 1780.10 - Service of papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service of papers. 1780.10 Section 1780.10... papers. (a) By the parties. Except as otherwise provided, a party filing papers or serving a subpoena...) Transmission by electronic media, only if the parties mutually agree. Any papers served by electronic media...

Relationship of white potato to other vegetable consumption by schoolchildren and adolescents in the U.S.A: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2008.

PubMed

Olsho, Lauren E W; Fernandes, Meenakshi M

2013-11-01

Intake of white potatoes in and out of school was estimated to provide context for a recent proposal by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to limit provision of white potatoes in U.S. school meals. Mean daily servings of white potatoes and other vegetables consumed in and out of school for school-aged children were estimated from two days of 24 h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Total energy intake and percentage energy contribution from discretionary oils and solid fats were also estimated for all white potato dishes consumed. The NHANES is nationally representative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. Children and adolescents aged 6–19 years (n 8466) from three combined NHANES cycles (2003–2004, 2005–2006 and 2007–2008). White potatoes represented 32% of all vegetable servings consumed by U.S. children and adolescents. Preparations high in fats and oils, including French fries, were most popular both in and out of school. Mean consumption of white potatoes obtained from school cafeterias was approximately 0.05 servings/d among all children and adolescents, and about 0.15 servings/d among children and adolescents acquiring at least one item from the school cafeteria, implying current weekly intake levels well below the limit of 2 servings/week proposed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Although white potatoes represent a substantial proportion of vegetable consumption among school-aged children, it is unclear that proposed limits would influence white potato intake from school cafeterias. Policy makers should consider targeting preparation methods to improve the healthfulness of white potato dishes.

Efficacy of the Lunch is in the Bag intervention to increase parents' packing of healthy bag lunches for young children: a cluster-randomized trial in early care and education centers.

PubMed

Roberts-Gray, Cindy; Briley, Margaret E; Ranjit, Nalini; Byrd-Williams, Courtney E; Sweitzer, Sara J; Sharma, Shreela V; Palafox, Maria Romo; Hoelscher, Deanna M

2016-01-08

Lunches that parents pack for their young children to eat at school or the Early Care and Education (ECE) center fall short of recommended standards. Lunch is in the Bag is a multi-level behavioral nutrition intervention to increase parents' packing of fruit, vegetables, and whole grains in their children's lunches. Designed for implementation in ECE centers, the five-week long intervention is followed three months later with a one-week booster. Efficacy of Lunch is in the Bag was tested in cluster randomized trial. Participants were 633 families from 30 ECE centers (15 intervention, 15 control) across Austin, San Antonio, and Houston, Texas, USA. Primary outcomes were servings of fruit, vegetables, and whole grains observed in the children's parent-packed bag lunches. Servings of refined grains, meats/beans/eggs/nuts, dairy, chips, and sweets also were observed. Data were collected at baseline, post-intervention (6-week follow-up), pre-booster (22-weeks follow-up), and post-booster (28-week follow-up). Time-by-treatment interactions were analyzed separately for each of the food groups using multi-level models to compare changes from baseline. Analyses were adjusted for relevant demographic variables and clustering within centers and parents. The intervention effected increases from baseline to 6-week follow-up in vegetables (0.17 servings, SE = 0.04, P < 0.001) and whole grains (0.30 servings, SE = 0.13, P = 0.018). The increase in whole grains was maintained through the 28-week follow-up (0.34 servings, SE = 0.13, P = 0.009). Fruit averaged more than 1.40 servings with no differences between groups or across time. The intervention prevented increase in sweets (-0.43 servings, SE = 0.11, P < .001, at the 22-week follow-up). Parents persisted, however, in packing small amounts of vegetables (averages of 0.41 to 0.52 servings) and large amounts of sweets and chips (averages of 1.75 to 1.99 servings). The need for and positive effects of the Lunch is in the Bag intervention at ECE centers where parents send bag lunch for their preschool-aged children was confirmed. An important direction for future research is discovery of more options for leveraging the partnership of ECE centers and families to help young children learn to eat and enjoy vegetables and other healthy foods in preference to less healthy choices such as chips and sweets. The Clinical Trials Number is NCT01292434 .

Teaching Practices in Kindergarten and First Grade: Different Strokes for Different Folks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stipek, D.

2004-01-01

This study assessed the nature of instruction in 314 kindergarten and first-grade classrooms from 155 schools in 48 school districts in three states. The schools served a relatively high proportion of low-income children and children of color. Despite the restricted range in student populations served, qualities of the schools and observed…

Mission Possible: Spy a Book! 2003 Texas Reading Club Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heard, Adriana Flores; Ingham, Donna; McDermott, Joe; Meyer, Sally; Parrish, Leila; Schill, Victor; Trevino, Rose

The purpose of this manual for the 2003 Texas Reading Club, "Mission Possible: Spy a Book!" is to assist library staff who serve youth by suggesting ideas for programs that will attract children to the library. The following chapters are included: (1) Marketing, Cooperation and PR; (2) Serving Children with Disabilities; (3) Theme Songs;…

"Making the Readings Come to Life": Expanding Notions of Language Arts at Freedom School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson, Tambra O.

2009-01-01

The Children's Defense Fund Freedom Schools provide literacy-rich, summer experiences for both the K-12 children they serve and the servant-leader interns who serve as teachers. In this article, the author expands upon the scholarship of preparing teachers to be culturally responsive pedagogues of language arts instruction by illuminating…

Children's Outcomes and Program Quality in Head Start. FACES 2003 Research Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zill, Nicholas; Sorongon, Alberto; Kim, Kwang; Clark, Cheryl; Woolverton, Maria

2006-01-01

The Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES) provides longitudinal data on a periodic basis on the characteristics, experiences, and outcomes of children and families served by Head Start as well as the characteristics of the Head Start programs that serve them. Each round of FACES is a study with a nationally representative sample…

Health Status of Immigrant Children and Environmental Survey of Child Daycare Centers in Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand.

PubMed

Sagnuankiat, Surapol; Wanichsuwan, Molee; Bhunnachet, Ekaporn; Jungarat, Nahathai; Panraksa, Kanitha; Komalamisra, Chalit; Maipanich, Wanna; Yoonuan, Tippayarat; Pubampen, Somchit; Adisakwattana, Poom; Watthanakulpanich, Dorn

2016-02-01

Samut Sakhon is a Thai province popular among immigrants attracted to work in factories and the Thai food industry, especially people from Myanmar. Poor personal-hygiene behaviors, crowded accommodation and limited sanitation, result in health problems among immigrant workers. Various infectious diseases among this group are seen and managed by Samut Sakhon General Hospital. The impact of intestinal parasitic infections on public health is well known; they can spread from infected immigrant areas to uninfected areas via close contact and fecal-oral transmission from contaminated food and water. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among 372 immigrant children at 8 child-daycare centers during their parents' work time, by physical examination, fecal examination, and examination of the environment around the centers. Physical examinations were generally unremarkable, except that head-lice and fingernail examinations were positive in two cases (0.8 %). The results showed intestinal parasitic infections to be highly prevalent, at 71.0 %. These infections comprised both helminths and protozoa: Trichuris trichiura (50.8 %), Enterobius vermicularis (25.2 %), Ascaris lumbricoides (15.3 %), hookworm (11.6 %), Giardia lamblia (10.2 %), Endolimax nana (3.5 %), Entamoeba coli (2.7 %), and Blastocystis hominis (0.5 %). The environmental survey found a small number of houseflies near the accommodation to be positive for helminthic eggs (0.2 %), including A. lumbricoides, E. vermicularis, hookworms, Taenia spp., and minute intestinal flukes. Regarding the high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among children, it has been conjectured whether they were infected, along with their parents, during their daily lives before or after settling in Thailand. Intestinal parasites among immigrant children may involve a significant epidemiological impact, since immigrant children can serve as carriers and transmitters of disease.

Systemic Immune Activation Profiles of HIV-1 Subtype C-Infected Children and Their Mothers.

PubMed

Makhubele, Tinyiko G; Steel, Helen C; Anderson, Ronald; van Dyk, Gisela; Theron, Annette J; Rossouw, Theresa M

2016-01-01

Little is known about immune activation profiles of children infected with HIV-1 subtype C. The current study compared levels of selected circulating biomarkers of immune activation in HIV-1 subtype C-infected untreated mothers and their children with those of healthy controls. Multiplex bead array, ELISA, and immunonephelometric procedures were used to measure soluble CD14 (sCD14), beta-2 microglobulin (β2M), CRP, MIG, IP-10, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Levels of all 6 biomarkers were significantly elevated in the HIV-infected mothers and, with the exception of MIG, in their children (P < 0.01-P < 0.0001). The effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and maternal smoking on these biomarkers were also assessed. With the exception of TGF-β1, which was unchanged in the children 12 months after therapy, initiation of ART was accompanied by decreases in the other biomarkers. Regression analysis revealed that although most biomarkers were apparently unaffected by smoking, exposure of children to maternal smoking was associated with a significant increase in IP-10. These findings demonstrate that biomarkers of immune activation are elevated in HIV-infected children pre-ART and decline, with the exception of TGF-β1, after therapy. Although preliminary, elevation of IP-10 in smoke-exposed infants is consistent with a higher level of immune activation in this group.

Twice-Exceptional Learners: The Journey toward a Shared Vision

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Lois; Baum, Susan; Pereles, Daphne; Hughes, Claire

2015-01-01

For more than 50 years, the unique needs of twice-exceptional (2e) learners have challenged educators. Because of this challenge, much work has been done in different areas across the country in creating appropriate learning environments for serving this population. However, no unified way has been developed to bring together the best research and…

29 CFR 2200.8 - Filing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... document shall be filed. (e) Filing date. (1) Except for the documents listed in paragraph (e)(2) of this... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Filing. 2200.8 Section 2200.8 Labor Regulations Relating to... § 2200.8 Filing. (a) What to file. All papers required to be served on a party or intervenor, except for...

Policy improves what beverages are served to young children in child care.

PubMed

Ritchie, Lorrene D; Sharma, Sushma; Gildengorin, Ginny; Yoshida, Sallie; Braff-Guajardo, Ellen; Crawford, Patricia

2015-05-01

During 2008, we conducted a statewide survey on beverages served to preschool-aged children in California child care that identified a need for beverage policy. During 2011, the US Department of Agriculture began requiring that sites participating in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) make drinking water available throughout the day and serve only low-fat or nonfat milk to children aged 2 years and older. During 2012, the California Healthy Beverages in Childcare law additionally required that all child-care sites eliminate all beverages with added sweetener and limit 100% juice to once daily. To assess potential policy effects, we repeated the statewide survey in 2012. During 2008 and 2012, a cross-sectional sample of ∼1,400 licensed child-care sites was randomly selected after stratifying by category (ie, Head Start, state preschool, other CACFP center, non-CACFP center, CACFP home, and non-CACFP home). Responses were obtained from 429 sites in 2008 and 435 in 2012. After adjustment for child-care category, significant improvements in 2012 compared with 2008 were found; more sites served water with meals/snacks (47% vs 28%; P=0.008) and made water available indoors for children to self-serve (77% vs 69%; P=0.001), and fewer sites served whole milk usually (9% vs 22%; P=0.006) and 100% juice more than once daily (20% vs 27%; P=0.038). During 2012, 60% of sites were aware of beverage policies and 23% were judged fully compliant with the California law. A positive effect occurred on beverages served after enactment of state and federal policies. Efforts should continue to promote beverage policies and support their implementation. Copyright © 2015 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Extending preimplantation genetic diagnosis to HLA typing: the French exception].

PubMed

Steffann, Julie; Frydman, Nelly; Burlet, Philippe; Gigarel, Nadine; Hesters, Laetitia; Kerbrat, Violaine; Lamazou, Frédéric; Munnich, Arnold; Frydman, René

2011-01-01

Umut-Talha, a "sibling savior", was born on 26 January 2011 at Beclère Hospital after embryo selection at the Paris preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) center. His birth revived the controversy over "double PGD". This procedure, authorized in France since 2006, allows couples who already have a child with a serious, incurable genetic disease, to opt for PGD in order to select a healthy embryo that is HLA-matched to the affected sibling and who may thus serve as an ombilical cord blood donor. The procedure is particularly complex and the baby take-home rate is still very low. Double PGD is strictly regulated in France, and candidate couples must first receive individual authorization from the Biomedicine Agency. In our experience, these couples have a strong desire to have children, as reflected by the large number of prior spontaneous pregnancies (25% of couples). Likewise, most of these couples request embryo transfer even when there is no HLA-matched embryo, which accounts for more than half of embryo transfers. The controversy surrounding this practice has flared up again in recent weeks, over the concepts of "designer babies" and "double savior siblings" (the baby is selected to be free of the hereditary disease, and may also serve as a stem cell donor for the affected sibling).

34 CFR 300.220 - Exception for prior local plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Exception for prior local plans. 300.220 Section 300.220 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION... CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Local Educational Agency Eligibility § 300.220 Exception for prior local plans...

Neurodevelopmental Variation as a Framework for Thinking about the Twice Exceptional

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilger, Jeffrey W.; Hynd, George W.

2008-01-01

Developmental exceptionalities span the range of learning abilities and encompass children with both learning disorders and learning gifts. The purpose of this article is to stimulate thinking about these exceptionalities, particularly the complexities and variations within and across people. Investigators tend to view learning disabilities or…

A Qualitative Approach to Portfolios: The Early Assessment for Exceptional Potential Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaklee, Beverly D.; Viechnicki, Karen J.

1995-01-01

The Early Assessment for Exceptional Potential portfolio assessment model assesses children as exceptional learners, users, generators, and pursuers of knowledge. It is based on use of authentic learning opportunities; interaction of assessment, curriculum, and instruction; multiple criteria derived from multiple sources; and systematic teacher…

Does caregiver participation in decision making within child welfare agencies influence children's primary and mental health care service use?

PubMed

Jolles, M P; Wells, R

2017-03-01

Many children in contact with child welfare agencies do not receive needed health services. These agencies have used participatory decision making (PDM) practices as a way to increase families' use of recommended services. However, we lack evidence of whether caregiver participation in PDM increases children's use of health services. This study uses a national sample of children involved with child welfare to compare their health service use between those children serve through a PDM practice and those who did not experience it. Cross-sectional analyses using the 2009-2010 National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. Propensity score analysis accounted for observed selection bias. PDM practice was measured as whether the caregiver was included in decision-making during service planning meetings. Health service use was measured as child's receipt of any primary or mental health care services in the past year. Primary health care need was measured using standardized measures and caseworker report. The sample was comprised of children ages 2-17 with primary or mental health needs in contact with a child welfare agency. In the unmatched sample of 1,358 children, 14% were served through a PDM service practice, and 12% had a primary health care and 37% a mental health need. Families served through PDM were also reported by caseworkers as more cooperative during the child welfare investigation, and with fewer reports of domestic violence and agency re-referrals (P < 0.05). Analyses using matched samples showed that for primary health care, 59% of PDM children received services compared with 40% for non-PDM children (P = 0.004). Group differences were not significant for mental health services. Lower-risk families were more likely to be served through PDM which was positively associated with child use of primary health services. Inclusion of caregivers in decision making may not be sufficient to overcome barriers to children's mental health service use. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Marital Quality Spillover and Young Children's Adjustment: Evidence for Dyadic and Triadic Parenting as Mechanisms.

PubMed

Stroud, Catherine B; Meyers, Kathryn M; Wilson, Sylia; Durbin, C Emily

2015-01-01

Research has evidenced support for the spillover model, which posits that parents' marital functioning influences child adjustment by eroding parenting and coparenting in dyadic (mother-child and father-child) and triadic (mother-father-child) contexts. However, prior work has not simultaneously investigated dyadic and triadic parenting as mechanisms of spillover. Furthermore, although evidence indicates that the marital system affects child adjustment by influencing parents' behavior, research has not explored whether child behaviors in parent-child interactions also serve as mechanisms. To address these gaps, we examined the spillover model using observational measures of parent and child behavior in parent-child dyadic interactions as well as coparenting in triadic interactions. We also explored parent and child gender differences in spillover effects. Participants were families with children 3 to 6 years of age (n=149; 62% Caucasian). Findings indicated that marital functioning influences child adjustment by disrupting parent-child interactions in dyadic and triadic contexts, although results differed by child/parent gender and outcome examined. First, children's responsiveness to their mothers emerged as a significant mechanism of spillover effects for boys' internalizing and girls' externalizing behavior. Second, for girls and boys, marital functioning was indirectly related to children's internalizing and externalizing behavior through reductions in coparenting warmth. Finally, there was little evidence that parent gender moderated the indirect effect of dyadic parenting, except that child responsiveness to mothers (vs. to fathers) was more strongly related to child adjustment. These findings underscore the need for interventions targeting dyadic and triadic parent-child interactions in the face of marital distress.

Marital Quality Spillover and Young Children's Adjustment: Evidence for Dyadic and Triadic Parenting as Mechanisms

PubMed Central

Stroud, Catherine B.; Meyers, Kathryn M.; Wilson, Sylia; Durbin, C. Emily

2018-01-01

Research has evidenced support for the spillover model, which posits that parents' marital functioning influences child adjustment by eroding parenting and coparenting in dyadic (mother–child and father–child) and triadic (mother–father–child) contexts. However, prior work has not simultaneously investigated dyadic and triadic parenting as mechanisms of spillover. Furthermore, although evidence indicates that the marital system affects child adjustment by influencing parents' behavior, research has not explored whether child behaviors in parent–child interactions also serve as mechanisms. To address these gaps, we examined the spillover model using observational measures of parent and child behavior in parent–child dyadic interactions as well as coparenting in triadic interactions. We also explored parent and child gender differences in spillover effects. Participants were families with children 3 to 6 years of age (n = 149; 62% Caucasian). Findings indicated that marital functioning influences child adjustment by disrupting parent–child interactions in dyadic and triadic contexts, although results differed by child/parent gender and outcome examined. First, children's responsiveness to their mothers emerged as a significant mechanism of spillover effects for boys' internalizing and girls' externalizing behavior. Second, for girls and boys, marital functioning was indirectly related to children's internalizing and externalizing behavior through reductions in coparenting warmth. Finally, there was little evidence that parent gender moderated the indirect effect of dyadic parenting, except that child responsiveness to mothers (vs. to fathers) was more strongly related to child adjustment. These findings underscore the need for interventions targeting dyadic and triadic parent–child interactions in the face of marital distress. PMID:24819587

Exceptional Children Conference Papers: Curriculum, Methods, and Materials in Early Childhood Education Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children, Arlington, VA.

Thirteen papers on early childhood education are presented on the following topics: stimulation and cognitive development of infants and younger children, curriculum development for young handicapped children, a rationale for sequencing instructional activities for preschool handicapped children, observation of educational activities and…

Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption and offerings to Somali children: the FAV-S pilot study.

PubMed

Hearst, Mary O; Kehm, Rebecca; Sherman, Shelley; Lechner, Kate E

2014-04-01

To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of a parent-centered intervention to increase fruit and vegetable servings and consumption among Somali children living in the United States. Pilot intervention that included Somali community health workers who organized groups of 3 or 4 women to participate in 2 initial educational sessions, including topics of health and nutrition, serving size, and label reading. A third session taught interactive cooking to increase skills in preparing fruits and vegetables and increasing the numbers of vegetables included in traditional Somali dishes. The final session was a trip to the grocery store to identify fruits and vegetables, determine ripeness, and explore frozen and canned fruits and vegetables for halal, low-sodium, and low-sugar products. Surveys were completed pre- and post-intervention. Study participants were recruited from a large housing complex in Minneapolis, Minnesota, with a high population of Somali immigrants. Somali women (N = 25) with children aged 3 to 10 years. The intervention was feasible and well accepted. In comparing pre- and post-intervention surveys, mothers reported providing their children significantly more frequent servings of fruits and vegetables at dinner, lunch, snack, and breakfast (vegetable only). There was a statistically significant increase in parent-reported intake of fruits and vegetables for themselves and their children. The FAV-S study was feasible and acceptable, and it demonstrated potential for increasing fruit and vegetable servings and consumption among Somali children. A larger-scale randomized trial is needed to assess the impact of this intervention.

Welfare Reform: Serving America's Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick

1989-01-01

The poorest group in our population is children. This article discusses past and present public assistance programs that affect children and the disproportionate number of minority group children and children in single-parent homes who live in poverty. The need for welfare reform is discussed also. (IAH)

4 CFR 28.4 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... days for filing under these rules, the first day shall be the day after the event from which the time... paper is served by mail, five (5) days shall be added to the prescribed period. Only two (2) days shall be added when a document is served by express mail or other form of expedited delivery. (c) Except as...

4 CFR 28.4 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... days for filing under these rules, the first day shall be the day after the event from which the time... paper is served by mail, five (5) days shall be added to the prescribed period. Only two (2) days shall be added when a document is served by express mail or other form of expedited delivery. (c) Except as...

4 CFR 28.4 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... days for filing under these rules, the first day shall be the day after the event from which the time... paper is served by mail, five (5) days shall be added to the prescribed period. Only two (2) days shall be added when a document is served by express mail or other form of expedited delivery. (c) Except as...

12 CFR 908.26 - Service of papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Service of papers. 908.26 Section 908.26 Banks... RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE IN HEARINGS ON THE RECORD General Rules § 908.26 Service of papers. (a) By the parties. Except as otherwise provided, a party filing papers or serving a subpoena shall serve...

12 CFR 908.26 - Service of papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service of papers. 908.26 Section 908.26 Banks... RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE IN HEARINGS ON THE RECORD General Rules § 908.26 Service of papers. (a) By the parties. Except as otherwise provided, a party filing papers or serving a subpoena shall serve...

Using Title XX to Serve Children and Youth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Twiname, John D.; And Others

With the passage in early 1975 of the social service amendments to the Social Security Act, referred to as Title XX, a major new opportunity to serve children and youth has emerged. Seizing the opportunity will be largely dependent on the well-prepared presentation of a case for the needs of young people by dedicated advocates in every state.…

Best Practices for School Nutrition Professionals Serving the Nutritional Needs of Pre-Kindergarten Children in Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lofton, Kristi L.; Nettles, Mary Frances; Carr, Deborah H.

2009-01-01

Purpose: This study identifies best practices for school nutrition professionals serving the nutritional needs of Pre-Kindergarten (PreK) children in public schools. Methods: The two-phased study followed a best practices research model (BPRM) utilizing the seven practice categories identified from previous PreK research. In Phase I, an expert…

Glendive Migrant Program. Dedicated to Meeting the Needs of Migrant Children and Their Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trangmoe, John

The Glendive Migrant Program, a 1989 exemplary Chapter 1 program, is a 5-week summer project serving the children of migrant families working in a 60-mile area along the Yellowstone River valley, Montana. The program serves approximately 110 students, ages 1-18. Instructors, supervisors, and aides work with nursery, preschool, and elementary-age…

Fulfilling Multiple Missions Concurrently: An Ethnographic Study of a Campus Children's Center's Trials and Triumphs in Serving Six Populations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calica, Corinna Dy-Liacco

2017-01-01

The study is a comprehensive ethnographic investigation into how a campus children's center and laboratory school site can simultaneously serve six major population groups (i.e., parents, college students, teachers, faculty, administrators, and researchers) while maintaining program operations. The study carefully examines the converging and…

Child Welfare: Most States Are Developing Statewide Information Systems, but Reliability of Child Welfare Data Could Be Improved.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pietrowiak, Diana; Schibanoff, Sara L.

To better monitor children and families served by state child welfare agencies, Congress authorized matching funds for the development of statewide automatic child welfare information systems (SACWIS) and required that U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) compile information on children served by state agencies. This report to…

Perceptions of Psychological Contract Violations in School Districts that Serve Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Qualitative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lilly, Julianna D.; Reed, Dianne

2004-01-01

This study examined issues of psychological contract violation between parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and school districts that serve them. As such, the sampling strategy was to focus on parents who were dissatisfied with the educational services their child was receiving from the school district so that the parents' "lived…

Costs in Serving Handicapped Children in Head Start: An Analysis of Methods and Cost Estimates. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Syracuse Univ., NY. Div. of Special Education and Rehabilitation.

An evaluation of the costs of serving handicapped children in Head Start was based on information collected in conjunction with on-site visits to regular Head Start programs, experimental programs, and specially selected model preschool programs, and from questionnaires completed by 1,353 grantees and delegate agencies of regular Head Start…

Education in a homeless shelter to improve the nutrition of young children.

PubMed

Yousey, Yvonne; Leake, Jacquelyn; Wdowik, Melissa; Janken, Janice K

2007-01-01

To improve the nutritional status of homeless children by implementing an educational program for their mothers and the cafeteria staff at a homeless shelter. Program evaluation including before and after measures of mothers' nutritional knowledge and nutritional quality of foods served in the cafeteria. Fifty-six mothers with children aged 18 months to 6 years and 3 cafeteria staff. Four nutrition classes developed by a registered nutritionist were taught to mothers by clinic nurses; 3 nutrition classes were taught to the cafeteria staff by the nutritionist. Mothers scored higher on posttests than on pretests, indicating improved nutritional knowledge. Minimal differences in the nutritional quality of foods served to residents were observed after staff education. This project demonstrates the challenges of altering the nutritional status of children in a homeless shelter. Despite mothers showing better knowledge of nutritional requirements for children, the types of food served in the cafeteria were an obstacle to them in practicing what they had learned. The cafeteria staff's ability to demonstrate their learning was impeded by the constraints of food donations. Educational strategies may need to be augmented by policies to improve the nutritional status of children in homeless shelters.

Horticulture Therapy Activities for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doutt, Kathleen M.; And Others

1989-01-01

The Tennessee Technological University offers an enrichment program (consisting of a summer session and three Saturdays) in which gifted children and children with learning disabilities are grouped together for activities. Horticulture is one of the few enrichment activities adaptable to both groups. Children are allowed to engage in the same…

Testing the Untestable: A Vision Screening Program for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, Virginia E.; Godolphin, Vivienne

Based on a longitudinal study of vision screening techniques for handicapped children at the Chester County (Pennsylvania) Child Development Center, the paper reports on the development of a battery of effective vision screening methods for children with low functioning handicapped children. Specific tests are described, including the Sheridan…

Children's Theories of Motivation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gurland, Suzanne T.; Glowacky, Victoria C.

2011-01-01

To investigate children's theories of motivation, we asked 166 children (8-12 years of age) to rate the effect of various motivational strategies on task interest, over the short and long terms, in activities described as appealing or unappealing. Children viewed the rewards strategy as resulting in greatest interest except when implemented over…

Increasing flavor variety with herbs and spices improves relative vegetable intake in children who are propylthiouracil (PROP) tasters relative to nontasters.

PubMed

Carney, Elizabeth M; Stein, Wendy M; Reigh, Nicole A; Gater, Felicia M; Bakke, Alyssa J; Hayes, John E; Keller, Kathleen L

2018-05-01

American children do not meet the recommended daily servings of vegetables, and previous research suggests children who can taste the bitterness of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) are more likely to have low vegetable intake. This study tested the hypothesis that adding multiple herb and spice blends to vegetables to increase flavor variety within a meal would increase vegetable intake in 3-5year-old children. Children attended two laboratory visits and consumed two test meals of common foods: macaroni and cheese, applesauce, carrots, milk, and water. On one visit, the meal included three servings of carrots with different herb and spice blends (Variety condition). On the other visit, all three servings of carrots were seasoned with the same herb and spice blend (No Variety condition). Overall, children consumed similar amounts of carrots by condition (36.5±40.5g versus 35.9±43.8g at the Variety and No Variety conditions, respectively); however, this relationship was moderated by PROP status. Children who tasted PROP as bitter (tasters) consumed a greater proportion of carrots during the Variety condition relative to nontasters (p=0.03). These findings suggest that children who taste PROP as bitter may be more receptive than nontasters to manipulations that increase flavor-variety of vegetables using herbs and spices. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Relationship Between Grammatical Development and Disfluencies in Preschool Children Who Stutter and Those Who Recover

PubMed Central

Van Horne, Amanda Owen; Zebrowski, Patricia

2017-01-01

Purpose The dual diathesis stressor model indicates that a mismatch between a child's endogenous linguistic abilities and exogenous linguistic contexts is one factor that contributes to stuttering behavior. In the present study, we used a developmental framework to investigate if reducing the gap between endogenous and exogenous linguistics factors would result in less disfluency for typical children, children who recover from stuttering (CWS-R), and children who persist. Method Children between 28 and 43 months of age participated in this study: 8 typical children, 5 CWS-R, and 8 children who persist. The children were followed for 18 months with language samples collected every 6 months. The Index of Productive Syntax (Scarborough, 1990) served as a measure of endogenous grammatical ability. Length and complexity of active declarative sentences served as a measure of exogenous linguistic demand. A hierarchical linear model analysis was conducted using a mixed-model approach. Results The results partially corroborate the dual diathesis stressor model. Disfluencies significantly decreased in CWS-R as grammatical abilities (not age) increased. Language development may serve as a protective factor or catalyst for recovery for CWS-R. As grammatical ability grew and the gap between linguistic ability and demand decreased; however, none of the three groups was more likely to produce disfluencies in longer and more complex utterances. PMID:27936278

Training early childcare providers in evidence-based nutrition strategies can help improve nutrition policies and practices of early childcare centres serving racially and ethnically diverse children from low-income families.

PubMed

Hollar, T Lucas; Cook, Nicole; Natale, Ruby; Quinn, David; Phillips, Teina; DeLucca, Michael

2018-05-01

We evaluated the extent to which providing training and technical assistance to early childcare centre (ECC) directors, faculty and staff in the implementation of evidence-based nutrition strategies improved the nutrition contexts, policies and practices of ECC serving racially and ethnically diverse, low-income children in Broward County, Florida, USA. The nutrition strategies targeted snack and beverage policies and practices, consistent with Caring for Our Children National Standards. We used the nutrition observation and document review portions of the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation (EPAO) instrument to observe ECC as part of a one-group pre-test/post-test evaluation design. ECC located within areas of high rates of poverty, diabetes, minority representation and unhealthy food index in Broward County, Florida, USA. Eighteen ECC enrolled, mean 112·9 (sd 53·4) children aged 2-5 years; 12·3 (sd 7·2) staff members; and 10·2 (sd 4·6) children per staff member at each centre. We found significant improvements in centres' overall nutrition contexts, as measured by total EPAO nutrition scores (P=0·01). ECC made specific significant gains within written nutrition policies (P=0·03) and nutrition training and education (P=0·01). Our findings support training ECC directors, faculty and staff in evidence-based nutrition strategies to improve the nutrition policies and practices of ECC serving racially and ethnically diverse children from low-income families. The intervention resulted in improvements in some nutrition policies and practices, but not others. There remains a need to further develop the evaluation base involving the effectiveness of policy and practice interventions within ECC serving children in high-need areas.

Dietary Protein Intake in Young Children in Selected Low-Income Countries Is Generally Adequate in Relation to Estimated Requirements for Healthy Children, Except When Complementary Food Intake Is Low.

PubMed

Arsenault, Joanne E; Brown, Kenneth H

2017-05-01

Background: Previous research indicates that young children in low-income countries (LICs) generally consume greater amounts of protein than published estimates of protein requirements, but this research did not account for protein quality based on the mix of amino acids and the digestibility of ingested protein. Objective: Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of inadequate protein and amino acid intake by young children in LICs, accounting for protein quality. Methods: Seven data sets with information on dietary intake for children (6-35 mo of age) from 6 LICs (Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador, Bangladesh, Uganda, and Zambia) were reanalyzed to estimate protein and amino acid intake and assess adequacy. The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score of each child's diet was calculated and multiplied by the original (crude) protein intake to obtain an estimate of available protein intake. Distributions of usual intake were obtained to estimate the prevalence of inadequate protein and amino acid intake for each cohort according to Estimated Average Requirements. Results: The prevalence of inadequate protein intake was highest in breastfeeding children aged 6-8 mo: 24% of Bangladeshi and 16% of Peruvian children. With the exception of Bangladesh, the prevalence of inadequate available protein intake decreased by age 9-12 mo and was very low in all sites (0-2%) after 12 mo of age. Inadequate protein intake in children <12 mo of age was due primarily to low energy intake from complementary foods, not inadequate protein density. Conclusions: Overall, most children consumed protein amounts greater than requirements, except for the younger breastfeeding children, who were consuming low amounts of complementary foods. These findings reinforce previous evidence that dietary protein is not generally limiting for children in LICs compared with estimated requirements for healthy children, even after accounting for protein quality. However, unmeasured effects of infection and intestinal dysfunction on the children's protein requirements could modify this conclusion.

An Examination of Exposure to Traumatic Events and Symptoms and Strengths for Children Served in a Behavioral Health System of Care

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitson, Melissa L.; Connell, Christian M.; Bernard, Stanley; Kaufman, Joy S.

2012-01-01

The present study examined how exposure to traumatic events affects children with severe emotional disturbance who are being served in a school-based system of care. Multilevel growth curve models were used to examine the relationships between a child's history of traumatic events (physical abuse, sexual abuse, or domestic violence) and behavioral…

Cultural/Favorite Recipe Day: Strengthening Approaches to Increase Culturally Diverse Foods Served in Head Start Meals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoffman, Jessica A.; Agrawal, Tara; Carter, Sonia; Grinder, AnnMarie; Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen

2012-01-01

One approach to halting the childhood obesity epidemic has been the modification of foods available to children during the school day. In recent years there has been an increased focus on obesity prevention efforts among children ages birth to 5 and the role of child care settings in prevention efforts. Head Start serves as an important venue for…

Head Start Children, Families, and Programs: Present and Past Data from FACES. OPRE Report 2011-33a

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hulsey, Lara Kristin; Aikens, Nikki; Kopack, Ashley; West, Jerry; Moiduddin, Emily; Tarullo, Louisa

2011-01-01

This report provides a portrait of children entering Head Start for the first time in fall 2009, as well as of their family backgrounds and the classrooms and programs that serve them. The report also offers comparisons across the past decade of the Head Start program to delineate trends and changes in the population served and the services…

Could Elementary Textbooks Serve as Models of Practice to Help New Teachers and Non-Specialists Attend to Reasoning in Music?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newton, Douglas P.; Newton, Lynn D.

2006-01-01

For good reason, many believe that class teachers should make a significant contribution to the music education of young children. In practice, these teachers are often unenthusiastic about the task, feeling that they lack the knowledge and skills to teach music with confidence. Could elementary music textbooks intended for children serve as…

Differing effects of two synthetic phonics programmes on early reading development.

PubMed

Shapiro, Laura R; Solity, Jonathan

2016-06-01

Synthetic phonics is the widely accepted approach for teaching reading in English: Children are taught to sound out the letters in a word then blend these sounds together. We compared the impact of two synthetic phonics programmes on early reading. Children received Letters and Sounds (L&S; 7 schools) which teaches multiple letter-sound mappings or Early Reading Research (ERR; 10 schools) which teaches only the most consistent mappings plus frequent words by sight. We measured phonological awareness (PA) and reading from school entry to the end of the second (all schools) or third school year (4 ERR, 3 L&S schools). Phonological awareness was significantly related to all reading measures for the whole sample. However, there was a closer relationship between PA and exception word reading for children receiving the L&S programme. The programmes were equally effective overall, but their impact on reading significantly interacted with school-entry PA: Children with poor PA at school entry achieved higher reading attainments under ERR (significant group difference on exception word reading at the end of the first year), whereas children with good PA performed equally well under either programme. The more intensive phonics programme (L&S) heightened the association between PA and exception word reading. Although the programmes were equally effective for most children, results indicate potential benefits of ERR for children with poor PA. We suggest that phonics programmes could be simplified to teach only the most consistent mappings plus frequent words by sight. © 2015 The British Psychological Society.

Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of eating, physical activity and sedentary behaviour among South Australian children in urban and rural communities: baseline findings from the OPAL evaluation.

PubMed

Bell, L; Ullah, S; Olds, T; Magarey, A; Leslie, E; Jones, M; Miller, M; Cobiac, L

2016-11-01

To identify current prevalence and sociodemographic distribution of adherence to national diet and physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines among Australian primary school children. Cross-sectional survey of children (n = 4637, 9-11 years) participating at baseline in the South Australian Obesity Prevention and Lifestyle (OPAL) programme evaluation. Self-reported diet, physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) behaviours were assessed via questionnaire. Children were classified as meeting or not meeting each guideline (two or more serves of fruit, five or more serves of vegetables, two or less serves of discretionary food, ≥60 min of PA, and ≤2 h of ST per day). Although 65% of children met fruit recommendations, only 22% met vegetable recommendations (17% consumed no vegetables). Approximately one-quarter (28%) of children met discretionary food recommendations. Only 17% of children met the ST recommendations and 33% met PA recommendations. Less than 1% of children met all five recommendations. Rural children were more likely to meet both PA (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.21-1.74, P < 0.001) and ST (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.14-1.66, P < 0.01) recommendations than urban counterparts. Children at least socio-economic disadvantage performed better than those at greatest disadvantage for most behaviours. Improvement in Australian children's diet and physical activity and sedentary behaviours, particularly urban children and those at greatest socio-economic disadvantage, is urgently warranted. Copyright © 2016 The Royal Society for Public Health. All rights reserved.

Same-Sex Parent Families and Children's Academic Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Potter, Daniel

2012-01-01

Children in traditional families (i.e., married, 2 biological parents) tend to do better than their peers in nontraditional families. An exception to this pattern appears to be children from same-sex parent families. Children with lesbian mothers or gay fathers do not exhibit the poorer outcomes typically associated with nontraditional families.…

Escape from Poverty: What Makes a Difference for Children?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chase-Lansdale, P. Lindsay, Ed.; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne, Ed.

Children's poverty rate in the United States, over 20%, exceeds that of all industrialized nations except Australia. This interdisciplinary book examines the impact of changing public policies on children. Section 1 gives a current and historical overview of children in poverty. Sections 2 through 5 address arenas of possible change from policy…

Child Development: Workshop I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ismail, Maznah; And Others

Workshops on child development explored the cognitive development of children, mass media and its effects on children, parenting, the emotional and personality development of children, and educating the exceptional child, including the gifted. The discussion of cognitive development focused on the need to collect information about cognitive…

Incorporating Multifaceted Mental Health Prevention Services in Community Sectors-of-Care

PubMed Central

Gewirtz, Abigail H.; August, Gerald J.

2017-01-01

This article proposes a framework for embedding prevention services into community sectors-of-care. Community sectors-of-care include both formal and grassroots organizations distributed throughout a community that provide various resources and services to at-risk children and their families. Though the child population served by these organizations is often at elevated risk for mental health problems by virtue of children's exposure to difficult life circumstances (poverty, maltreatment, homelessness, domestic violence, etc) these children face many barriers to accessing evidence-based prevention or treatment services. We review evidence and propose a framework for integrating prevention services into community sectors-of-care that serve high-risk children and families. PMID:18196457

Trends in characteristics of children served by the Children's Mental Health Initiative: 1994-2007.

PubMed

Walrath, Christine; Garraza, Lucas Godoy; Stephens, Robert; Azur, Melissa; Miech, Richard; Leaf, Philip

2009-11-01

Data from 14 years of the national evaluation of the Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Their Families Program were used to understand the trends of the emotional and behavioral problems and demographic characteristics of children entering services. The data for this study were derived from information collected at intake into service in 90 sites who received their initial federal funding between 1993 and 2004. The findings from this study suggest children entering services later in a site's funding cycle had lower levels of behavioral problems and children served in sites funded later in the 14 year period had higher levels of behavioral problems. Females have consistently entered services with more severe problems and children referred from non-mental health sources, younger children, and those from non-white racial/ethnic backgrounds have entered system of care services with less severe problems. The policy and programming implications, as well as implications for local system of care program development and implementation are discussed.

Children’s bite size and intake of an entrée are greater with large portions than with age-appropriate or self-selected portions2

PubMed Central

Fisher, Jennifer Orlet; Rolls, Barbara J; Birch, Leann L

2008-01-01

Background Whether large portion sizes affect children’s eating behavior has rarely been studied. Objectives Our objectives were 1) to determine the effects of repeated exposure to a large portion of an entrée on preschool-aged children’s awareness of portion size, self-selected portion size, and food intake and 2) to evaluate associations of children’s responsiveness to portion size with weight status and overeating. Design Energy intake, bite size, and comments about portion size were evaluated among 30 children at 2 series of lunches in which either an age-appropriate portion or a large portion of an entrée was served. On separate occasions, the children’s self-served portions, weight, height, and tendency to overeat were assessed. Results Doubling an age-appropriate portion of an entrée increased entrée and total energy intakes at lunch by 25% and 15%, respectively. Changes were attributable to increases in the average size of the children’s bites of the entrée without compensatory decreases in the intake of other foods served at the meal. These increases were seen even though observational data indicated that the children were largely unaware of changes in portion size. Greater responsiveness to portion size was associated with higher levels of overeating. The children consumed 25% less of the entrée when allowed to serve themselves than when served a large entrée portion. Conclusions Large entrée portions may constitute an “obesigenic” environmental influence for preschool-aged children by producing excessive intake at meals. Children with satiety deficits may be most susceptible to large portions. Allowing children to select their own portion size may circumvent the effects of exposure to large portions on children’s eating. PMID:12716667

Musical Memories: translating evidence-based gerontological nursing into a children's picture book.

PubMed

Gerdner, Linda A; Buckwalter, Kathleen C

2013-01-01

Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are often cared for within multigenerational families. More specifically, 26% of family caregivers have children younger than 18 living with them. This article describes an innovative model for translation of an evidence-based intervention into an engaging, realistic picture book that serves as a teaching tool for children and their families. The book, Musical Memories, focuses on the relationship between a granddaughter and her grandmother who has AD. The story applies basic principles of the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold model to explain the underlying cause of grandmother's behaviors and models the evidence-based guideline "Individualized Music for Elders with Dementia" to empower the granddaughter in maintaining a relationship with her grandmother. Musical Memories is intended to serve as a valuable resource for families and the gerontological nurses who serve them. Copyright 2013, SLACK Incorporated.

THE EXCEPTIONAL CHILD IN THE FAMILY, HELPING PARENTS OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ROSS, ALAN O.

THE BOOK IS CONCERNED WITH THE ADJUSTMENTS PARENTS MAKE WHEN AN EXCEPTIONAL CHILD IS INCLUDED IN THE FAMILY STRUCTURE. THE DYNAMICS OF FAMILY INTERACTION ARE DESCRIBED. THE FAMILY AS A SOCIAL SYSTEM IS DEFINED, AND ROLES OF FAMILY MEMBERS ARE DISCUSSED. PARENTAL ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS ARE PRESENTED AS CLOSELY RELATED TO ADJUSTMENT OF THE…

78 FR 25256 - Petition Requesting Exception From Lead Content Limits: BIC USA Inc.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-30

... Exception From Lead Content Limits: BIC USA Inc. AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety Commission. ACTION: Notice... exception from the 100 ppm lead content limit under section 101(b) of the Consumer Product Safety... intended primarily for children 12 years old and younger that contain lead content in excess of 100 ppm are...

An Operational Definition of Twice-Exceptional Learners: Implications and Applications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reis, Sally M.; Baum, Susan M.; Burke, Edith

2014-01-01

In this article, a new definition of twice-exceptional children is proposed. In addition to introducing this new definition, the authors provide a research-based rationale for the definition, offer a clear profile of twice-exceptional youth, and summarize the development of new programs and practices to enable these students to develop their gifts…

Connecting for High Potential..."The Exceptionality of Being Twice-Exceptional."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Danielian, Jeff; Nilles, Kathleen

2015-01-01

What's not often well-known or well-understood is that students who are gifted may also have a special need or disability--just as students with disabilities may also be gifted. The term "twice-exceptional," also referred to as "2e," is used to describe gifted children who, according to the Joint Commission on Twice-Exceptional…

Crafting Media Policy: The Genesis and Implications of the Children's Television Act of 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kunkel, Dale

1991-01-01

Traces the history and development of the Children's Television Act of 1990 that establishes individual stations' obligations to serve children's needs and limits the amount of advertising. Describes the failure of the marketplace to provide educational programing once children's television was deregulated. Concludes that children's television is…

34 CFR Appendix to Part 81 - Illustrations of Proportionality

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... uses 15 percent of its grant to meet the special educational needs of children who were migratory, but... for the benefit of those children. Although the services were authorized, the children were not... educational needs of gifted and talented children requires that at least 80 percent of the children served in...

34 CFR Appendix to Part 81 - Illustrations of Proportionality

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... uses 15 percent of its grant to meet the special educational needs of children who were migratory, but... for the benefit of those children. Although the services were authorized, the children were not... educational needs of gifted and talented children requires that at least 80 percent of the children served in...

34 CFR Appendix to Part 81 - Illustrations of Proportionality

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... uses 15 percent of its grant to meet the special educational needs of children who were migratory, but... for the benefit of those children. Although the services were authorized, the children were not... educational needs of gifted and talented children requires that at least 80 percent of the children served in...

34 CFR Appendix to Part 81 - Illustrations of Proportionality

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... uses 15 percent of its grant to meet the special educational needs of children who were migratory, but... for the benefit of those children. Although the services were authorized, the children were not... educational needs of gifted and talented children requires that at least 80 percent of the children served in...

Young Children's Representations of Earth Materials on the Science Journal Page.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepardson, Daniel P.; Britsch, Susan J.

The value of children's drawing and writing in science lies in its potential to assist children in making observations, remembering events, and communicating understandings. However, a neglected aspect of children's representations is that they can serve the teacher as guide to children's understandings and as a diagnostic tool. By creating their…

Soft drinks consumption is associated with behavior problems in 5-year-olds.

PubMed

Suglia, Shakira F; Solnick, Sara; Hemenway, David

2013-11-01

To examine soda consumption and aggressive behaviors, attention problems, and withdrawal behavior among 5-year-old children. The Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study is a prospective birth cohort study that follows a sample of mother-child pairs from 20 large US cities. Mothers reported children's behaviors using the Child Behavior Checklist at age 5 years and were asked to report how many servings of soda the child drinks on a typical day. In the sample of 2929 children, 52% were boys, 51% were African-American, 43% consumed at least one serving of soda per day, and 4% consumed 4 or more servings per day. In analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors, consuming one (beta, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.1-1.4), 2 (beta, 1.8; 95% CI, 0.8-2.7), 3 (beta, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.6-3.4), or 4 or more (beta, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.2-6.2) servings was associated with a higher aggressive behavior score compared with consuming no soda. Furthermore, those who consumed 4 or more (beta, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-2.4) soda servings had higher scores on the attention problems subscale. Higher withdrawn behavior scores were noted among those consuming 2 (beta, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.3-1.8) or 4 or more (beta, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.8-3.1) soda servings compared with those who consumed no soda. We note an association between soda consumption and negative behavior among very young children; future studies should explore potential mechanisms that could explain this association. Copyright © 2013 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Head Start Child Development and Early Learning Framework: Promoting Positive Outcomes in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children 3-5 Years Old

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Head Start, US Department of Health and Human Services, 2010

2010-01-01

This report presents a revision of the Head Start Child Outcomes Framework (2000), renamed The Head Start Child Development and Learning Framework: Promoting Positive Outcomes in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children 3-5 Years Old. The Framework outlines the essential areas of development and learning that are to be used by Head Start programs…

Temporal Stability of Gifted Children's Intelligence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spangler, Robert S.; Sabatino, David A.

1995-01-01

The longitudinal stability of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised was examined for consistency in determining eligibility for gifted programs among 66 elementary children. All subtest scales except one remained extremely stable, producing less than one scale score point difference across three test administrations. Children…

Gifted Children Among Minority Groups: A Crying Need for Recognition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South, Jean-Anne

1971-01-01

There are too few teachers and librarians geared to serving the ghetto children who might have the spark of genius. Our outreach programs to the disadvantaged and minority children have encouraged mediocrity. (Author/NH)

Who Is for Children?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edelman, Marian Wright

1981-01-01

Psychologists must help to create a national atmosphere that would facilitate progress on critical issues affecting children and families by monitoring the quality and outreach of child services and serving as advocates for children in the political arena. (Author/GC)

Contributions of temperament to buffering and sensitization processes in children's development.

PubMed

Wachs, Theodore D

2006-12-01

Temperament refers to relatively stable, early appearing, biologically rooted individual differences in behavioral traits. Individual differences in temperament are multidetermined encompassing both biological and experiential influences. Evidence indicates that certain temperament traits, such as impulsivity, inhibition, and negative emotionality, can serve as developmental risk factors. Evidence also indicates that other temperament traits, such as flexible self-regulation, sociability, and task orientation, can serve to increase children's resilience. Five potential mechanisms through which individual differences in temperament can increase vulnerability or facilitate resilience are presented: (1) Differential treatment of children with different temperaments by caregivers or teachers (reactive covariance). (2) Children with different temperament styles seeking out environments that may increase risk or promote resilience (active covariance). (3) Goodness or poorness of fit between child temperament characteristics and environmental demands. (4) Children with different temperaments reacting to similar levels or types of stress in different ways. (5) Different coping strategies used by children with different temperaments.

A higher risk of congenital anomalies in the offspring of personnel who served aboard a Norwegian missile torpedo boat

PubMed Central

Mageroy, N; Mollerlokken, O J; Riise, T; Koefoed, V; Moen, B E

2006-01-01

Background In the 1990s, congenital anomalies were reported among children whose fathers had served aboard a Norwegian missile torpedo boat (MTB). The Royal Norwegian Navy asked the University of Bergen to look into this problem as one part of a general health and work environment surveillance. Aims To estimate any increased risk of having children with congenital anomalies and having stillborn children among the offspring of workers that had served aboard the MTB and to investigate possible differences in exposure and other risk factors between these groups. Methods Data from a cross‐sectional study among all current employees of the Norwegian Navy (n = 2265, response rate 58%) were analysed. Results The prevalence ratio of having a child with congenital malformations associated with working on the ship was 4.0 (95% CI 1.9 to 8.6). The prevalence ratio of having a child who was stillborn or died within one week was 4.1 (95% CI 1.7 to 9.9). Conclusion Service aboard the MTB was associated with an increased risk of having children with congenital birth defects and having children that were stillborn. The causes of these findings are unknown. PMID:16421386

People, Things, and Places for Young Children. Selecting Toys for Handicapped Children [and] Playgrounds for Exceptional Children: Considering the Options.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kemnitzer, Ronald B.; Williams, Ronald R.

The two papers focus on methods of selecting toys for handicapped children and options in playground equipment for this population. The qualities of a good toy, such as stimulation and safety, are examined. The author discusses various considerations in selecting toys for different handicaps; for example, toys for visually impaired children should…

Assessment of stage of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and use of processes of change of low-income parents for increasing servings of fruits and vegetables to preschool-aged children.

PubMed

Hildebrand, Deana A; Betts, Nancy M

2009-01-01

Use the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) to determine the proportionate stage of change of low-income parents and primary caregivers (PPC) for increasing accessibility, measured as servings served, of fruits and vegetables (FV) to their preschool-aged children and evaluate response differences for theoretical constructs. Cross-sectional, quantitative survey design consisting of staging algorithm, construct scales, and food frequency questionnaire. Rural and urban communities in a southwestern state of the United States. 238 low-income PPC enrolled in federal nutrition education programs were recruited from group nutrition education sessions. Stage of change using a staging algorithm, TTM constructs of processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy measured by multiple-item scales using Likert response, and fruit and vegetable servings served using a food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's chi-square, analyses of variance with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference post hoc test, and principal component function analysis. Of the surveyed PPC, 43% were in precontemplation/contemplation stages, and 29% were in the preparation stage for increasing FV accessibility (measured by servings served) to their preschool-aged children. PPC in the action/maintenance stages evidenced greater use of behavioral processes and had higher self-efficacy scores compared to PPC in precontemplation/contemplation and preparation stages. Interventions aimed at increasing FV accessibility for preschool-aged children should be tailored to meet PPCs' stage of change. Interventions targeting PPC in precontemplation/contemplation stages should use methods to share ideas for planning meals and snacks to include FV. Interventions for PPC in the preparation stage should aim to build skills in quick preparation of economical FV, address parental role modeling of FV consumption, and encourage goal setting. Learning formats providing social support may prove effective in prevention of behavior relapse for PPC in action/maintenance stages.

48 CFR 1403.602 - Exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... BUSINESS PRACTICES AND PERSONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Contracts With Government Employees or Organizations...'s immediate family and the employee or any subordinate is serving as a procurement official on the...

Stress Management and Gifted Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patel, Vidisha A.

2009-01-01

Stress can affect anyone, and gifted children are no exception. Giftedness can sometimes be the cause of the stress. Perfectionism, sensitivity, and intensity are characteristics of gifted children that may exacerbate stress. Stress can be constructive. Prolonged stress, however, with no time to recover becomes detrimental. Continued stress upsets…

Research Institute for the Education of Exceptional Children. Research Report 43.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tokyo Gakugei Univ. (Japan). Research Inst. for the Education of Exceptional Children.

This Japanese research report, with English abstracts, presents the following papers: "The Deterioration of the Intelligence with Age in Mental Retardation" (Atsushi Kanno and Souichi Hasimoto); "Development of Janken Skills in Autistic Children--Additional Data on Janken Echolalia in Normal Children" (Tohsuke Nomura);…

Reflections on Meeting the Needs of Children with Disabilities in Ethiopia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kurtz, Kimberly M.; Shepherd, Terry L.

2011-01-01

In many countries, children with disabilities seldom receive the educational services they need. Economic instability has often forced a reduction in services for children with disabilities. Cultural values have also impacted support for children with disabilities. A special education residential facility in Ethiopia that serves orphaned children…

From Parental Involvement to Children's Mathematical Performance: The Role of Mathematics Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vukovic, Rose K.; Roberts, Steven O.; Green Wright, Linnie

2013-01-01

This study examined whether children's mathematics anxiety serves as an underlying pathway between parental involvement and children's mathematics achievement. Participants included 78 low-income, ethnic minority parents and their children residing in a large urban center in the northeastern United States. Parents completed a short survey tapping…

Instructional Services for Limited English Proficient Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Malley, J. Michael

1982-01-01

The 1978 Children's English and Services Study (United States) contains five findings for limited English proficient children aged 5-14, e.g., one-third are served by bilingual education/English (second language); Federal and state support for special types of instruction are received predominantly by limited English proficient children within the…

Framework for Assessing Health Risk of Environmental Exposure to Children (External Review Draft)

EPA Science Inventory

The draft document, Framework For Assessing Health Risks of Environmental Exposure to Children, can serve as a resource on children's health risk assessment and it addresses the need to provide a comprehensive and consistent framework for considering children in risk asses...

Architectural Considerations for Classrooms for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Education Agency, Austin.

Definitions are provided of the following exceptionalities: blind, partially sighted, physically handicapped, minimally brain injured, deaf, educable mentally retarded (primary, junior, and senior high levels), trainable mentally retarded, speech handicapped, and emotionally disturbed. Architectural guidelines specify classroom location, size,…

A program to respond to otitis media in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: a qualitative investigation of parent perspectives.

PubMed

Jones, Caroline; Sharma, Mridula; Harkus, Samantha; McMahon, Catherine; Taumoepeau, Mele; Demuth, Katherine; Mattock, Karen; Rosas, Lee; Wing, Raelene; Pawar, Sulabha; Hampshire, Anne

2018-03-06

Indigenous infants and children in Australia, especially in remote communities, experience early and chronic otitis media (OM) which is difficult to treat and has lifelong impacts in health and education. The LiTTLe Program (Learning to Talk, Talking to Learn) aimed to increase infants' access to spoken language input, teach parents to manage health and hearing problems, and support children's school readiness. This paper aimed to explore caregivers' views about this inclusive, parent-implemented early childhood program for 0-3 years in an Aboriginal community health context. Data from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 9 caregivers of 12 children who had participated in the program from one remote Aboriginal community in the Northern Territory are presented. Data were analysed thematically. Caregivers provided overall views on the program. In addition, three key areas of focus in the program are also presented here: speech and language, hearing health, and school readiness. Caregivers were positive about the interactive speech and language strategies in the program, except for some strategies which some parents found alien or difficult: such as talking slowly, following along with the child's topic, using parallel talk, or baby talk. Children's hearing was considered by caregivers to be important for understanding people, enjoying music, and detecting environmental sounds including signs of danger. Caregivers provided perspectives on the utility of sign language and its benefits for communicating with infants and young children with hearing loss, and the difficulty of getting young community children to wear a conventional hearing aid. Caregivers were strongly of the opinion that the program had helped prepare children for school through familiarising their child with early literacy activities and resources, as well as school routines. But caregivers differed as to whether they thought the program should have been located at the school itself. The caregivers generally reported positive views about the LiTTLe Program, and also drew attention to areas for improvement. The perspectives gathered may serve to guide other cross-sector collaborations across health and education to respond to OM among children at risk for OM-related disability in speech and language development.

Predictors of Maternal and Early Adolescent Attitudes Toward Children's Nurturance and Self-Determination Rights

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson-Badali, Michele; Morine, Stephany L.; Ruck, Martin D.; Slonim, Naomi

2004-01-01

Children's rights to nurturance and self-determination have been included in social policy agendas for many years. Children's and parents' attitudes concerning children's rights are likely an important determinant of whether rights on paper actually serve to protect the well-being of children, yet there is little research on factors associated…

Can They Use Their Words? An Investigation of the Relationship between Language Competence and Emotion Regulation in Preschool-Aged Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jachimowicz, Tamara D.

2010-01-01

This study examined the relationship between language competence and emotion regulation in children between the ages of 48 and 60 months. Thirty-one children who attended subsidized preschool programs serving children from low SES families participated, along with their primary caretaker. The children's receptive and expressive language…

Characteristics of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders Served in Comprehensive Community-Based Mental Health Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandell, David S.; Walrath, Christine M.; Manteuffel, Brigitte; Sgro, Gina; Pinto-Martin, Jennifer

2005-01-01

This study describes the characteristics of children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) receiving treatment in community mental health settings. Data from a national community mental health initiative was used to identify children who had received a primary diagnosis of ASD. These children were compared with children with other diagnoses on…

Milk consumption and mucus production in children with asthma.

PubMed

Thiara, Gurkaran; Goldman, Ran D

2012-02-01

Many parents of children with asthma are becoming increasingly reluctant to add milk to their children's diet because they believe it will worsen their children's asthma owing to increased mucus secretion. Recognizing the importance of milk as part of a healthy diet in supporting growth and calcium consumption, is it advisable to restrict milk in the diet? Dating back to the 12th century, milk has been proscribed for patients with asthma. However, to this very date studies have not been able to provide a definitive link for this recommendation. As there is a need for more conclusive evidence to determine the effect of milk among children with asthma and further understanding of mechanisms involved in mucus production, milk should not be eliminated or restricted. Health Canada recommends 2 servings of milk (0.5 L) a day for children 2 to 8 years of age and 3 to 4 servings of milk a day (0.75 to 1 L) for children 9 to 13 years of age for unrestricted healthy development.

IFLA General Conference, 1989. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public. Section on Library Services to Multicultural Populations; Round Table--International Association of Metropolitan City Libraries; Round Table on Mobile Libraries. Booklet 31.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The seven papers in this collection continue the presentations from the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: (1) "Multicultural Activities for Children and Young People at the Munich International Youth Library" (German and English versions; Lioba Betten); (2) "Multicultural Literature and Library Services for Children:…

Marketing foods to children: a comparison of nutrient content between children's and non-children's products.

PubMed

Lythgoe, Amelia; Roberts, Caireen; Madden, Angela M; Rennie, Kirsten L

2013-12-01

The predominance of marketing of products high in fat, sugar and/or salt to children has been well documented and implicated in the incidence of obesity. The present study aimed to determine whether foods marketed to children in UK supermarkets are nutritionally similar to the non-children's equivalent, focusing on food categories that may be viewed as healthier options. Nutritional data were collected on yoghurts (n 147), cereal bars (n 145) and ready meals (n 144) from seven major UK supermarkets and categorised as children's or non-children's products based on the characteristics, promotional nature or information on the product packaging. Fat, sugar and salt content was compared per 100 g and per recommended portion size. UK. Per 100 g, children's yoghurts and cereal bars were higher in total sugars, fat and saturated fat than the non-children's; this was significant for all except sugar and total fat in cereal bars. Per portion these differences remained, except for sugars in yoghurts. Conversely children's ready meals were significantly lower in these nutrients per portion than non-children's, but not when expressed per 100 g. Children's yoghurts and ready meals had significantly lower sodium content than non-children's both per portion and per 100 g. Significant differences between the nutritional composition of children's and non-children's products were observed but varied depending on the unit reference. A significant number of products marketed towards children were higher in fat, sugar and salt than those marketed to the general population.

Reductions in entrée energy density increase children's vegetable intake and reduce energy intake.

PubMed

Leahy, Kathleen E; Birch, Leann L; Fisher, Jennifer O; Rolls, Barbara J

2008-07-01

The energy density (ED; kcal/g) of an entrée influences children's energy intake (EI), but the effect of simultaneously changing both ED and portion size of an entrée on preschool children's EI is unknown. In this within-subject crossover study, 3- to 5-year-old children (30 boys, 31 girls) in a daycare facility were served a test lunch once/week for 4 weeks. The amount and type of vegetables and cheeses incorporated into the sauce of a pasta entrée were manipulated to create two versions that varied in ED by 25% (1.6 or 1.2 kcal/g). Across the weeks, each version of the entrée was served to the children in each of two portion sizes (400 or 300 g). Lunch, consumed ad libitum, also included carrots, applesauce, and milk. Decreasing ED of the entrée by 25% significantly (P<0.0001) reduced children's EI of the entrée by 25% (63.1+/-8.3 kcal) and EI at lunch by 17% (60.7+/-8.9 kcal). Increasing the proportion of vegetables in the pasta entrée increased children's vegetable intake at lunch by half of a serving of vegetables (P<0.01). Decreasing portion size of the entrée by 25% did not significantly affect children's total food intake or EI at lunch. Therefore, reducing the ED of a lunch entrée resulted in a reduction in children's EI from the entrée and from the meal in both portion size conditions. Decreasing ED by incorporating more vegetables into recipes is an effective way of reducing children's EI while increasing their vegetable intake.

Association of key foods and beverages with obesity in Australian schoolchildren.

PubMed

Sanigorski, Andrea M; Bell, A Colin; Swinburn, Boyd A

2007-02-01

To examine the pattern of intake of key foods and beverages of children aged 4-12 years and the association with weight status. A computer-assisted telephone interview was used to determine the intake of fruit, vegetables, packaged snacks, fast foods and sweetened drinks 'yesterday' and 'usually' as reported by parents/guardians of a representative sample of 2184 children from the Barwon South-Western region of Victoria, Australia. Children who consumed >2-3, >3-4 and >4 servings of fruit juice/drinks 'yesterday' were, respectively, 1.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.2), 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.5) and 2.1 (95% CI 1.5-2.9) times more likely to be overweight/obese compared with those who had no servings of fruit juice/drink 'yesterday', adjusted for age, gender and socio-economic status (SES). Further, children who had > or = 3 servings of soft drink 'yesterday' were 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.9) times more likely to be overweight/obese compared with those who had no servings of soft drink 'yesterday', adjusted for age, gender and SES. In addition, children who 'usually' drank fruit juice/drinks twice or more per day were 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.4) times more likely to be overweight/obese compared with those who drank these beverages once or less per week, adjusted for age, gender and SES. Although fast foods and packaged snacks were regularly eaten, there were no associations between weight status and consumption of these foods. Intake of sweetened beverages was associated with overweight and obesity in this population of Australian schoolchildren and should be a target for intervention programmes aimed at preventing unhealthy weight gain in children.

Time reproduction in children with ADHD and their nonaffected siblings.

PubMed

Rommelse, Nanda N J; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Buitelaar, Jan; Faraone, Stephen V; Sergeant, Joseph A

2007-05-01

Time reproduction is deficient in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether this deficit is familial and could therefore serve as a candidate endophenotype has not been previously investigated. It is unknown whether timing deficits are also measurable in adolescent children with ADHD and nonaffected siblings. These issues were investigated in 226 children with ADHD, 188 nonaffected siblings, and 162 normal controls ages 5 to 19. Children participated in a visual and auditory time reproduction task. They reproduced interval lengths of 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 seconds. Children with ADHD and their nonaffected siblings were less precise than controls, particularly when task difficulty was systematically increased. Time reproduction skills were familial. Time reproduction deficits were more pronounced in younger children with ADHD than in older children. Children with ADHD could be clearly dissociated from control children until the age of 9. After this age, group differences were somewhat attenuated, but were still present. Differences between nonaffected siblings and controls were constant across the age range studied. Deficits were unaffected by modality. Time reproduction may serve as a candidate endophenotype for ADHD, predominantly in younger children with (a genetic risk for) ADHD.

Children with Diabetes: Peer Status, Academic Achievement, and Behavior Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Childers, Glenna J.; Carroll, James L.

While the clinical literature frequently asserts that chronic illness negatively affects children's social development, data in support of such assertions are almost without exception obtained in clinical settings from children with chronic illness and their parents, without data from the school or community environment and without control or…

Improving Outcomes for 2E Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trail, Beverly A.

2012-01-01

The term "twice-exceptional (2E)" is representative of a diverse group of individuals who have a wide range of gifts, talents, and accompanying disabilities. These children have the characteristics of gifted students along with the characteristics of children with disabilities. The gifted characteristics can mask the disability, or the disability…

Designing Environments for Handicapped Children: A Design Guide and Case Study. First Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Gary T.; And Others

This guide addresses the planning and architectural design of play/learning environments for special needs children. The exceptional children discussed include those with most types of mild to severe handicaps and developmental disabilities. Specifically excluded from consideration are health impairments, severe psycho-emotional difficulties such…

CEC's Position on School Vouchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Exceptional Children (NJ3), 2011

2011-01-01

The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) recognizes that children and youth with disabilities are entitled to equal access to the public education system and to all rights guaranteed by law. CEC advocates to ensure that children and youth with disabilities receive the equal access and opportunity that they deserve. By definition, vouchers…

Application of Biofeedback/Relaxation Training to Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, John L.

A series of investigations was conducted to determine the effects of biofeedback training on 20 learning disabled elementary boys, 16 educable retarded boys, and 5 "non-diagnosed" elementary children with learning problems. Treatment of each group consisted of getting the children settled into the room and listening to a pre-recorded…

Practical Approaches for Identifying and Managing Abused and Neglected Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Radford, Nola T.

1998-01-01

Discusses the exceptional challenges that abused and neglected children may pose for early-intervention providers, particularly speech-language pathologists. It focuses on practical strategies regarding reporting child abuse, effectively assessing the children who have been abused, and managing the bizarre behavior they may exhibit. (Author/CR)

A Trip to the Zoo: Children's Words and Photographs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeMarie, Darlene

Field trips are a regular part of many programs for young children. Field trips can serve a variety of purposes, such as exposing children to new things or helping children to see familiar things in new ways. The purpose of this study was to learn the meaning children gave to a field trip. Cameras were made available to each of the children in a…

[Motivation and barriers in the consumption of five daily servings of fruit and vegetables by mothers of school age children and primary school teachers].

PubMed

Olivares, Sonia; Lera, Lydia; Mardones, María Angélica; Araneda, Jacqueline; Olivares, María Antonieta; Colque, Maria Ester

2009-06-01

As a baseline for the promotion of health and the design of educational interventions, the benefits, barriers and stages of change related to the consumption of five daily servings of fruit and vegetables were studied in 463 mothers of school age children from different socioeconomic levels (SEL) and 412 primary school teachers in 3 cities in Chile. These groups were selected because of their influence over children's eating habits. For the evaluation of stages changes, a questionnaire designed by the American Institute for Cancer Research was adapted and applied. The questionnaire was answered voluntarily by the participants. 58% of the mothers and 60% of the teachers ate 1-2 servings of fruit and vegetables daily; 29.4 and 32.3% ate 3-4 servings and only 10 and 4% respectively ate 5 servings. Benefits reported from fruit and vegetable consumption in both groups were pleasure, wellness, a sense of well being and weight management. Barriers mentioned were forgetfulness, time constraints, nonsatisfaction of appetite and lack of motivation. The price of fruit and vegetables was considered high by 15.1% of mothers of medium high SEL and by 26.4% of medium low SEL (p < 0.002). Among teachers, 25.4% of men and 11.7% of women also considered price as a barrier (p < 0.002). Such results show that both mothers and teachers need specific interventions to improve their own motivation for eating more fruit and vegetables and to thus support this healthy eating habit in children.

Dietary intake and food sources of whole grains among US children and adolescents: data from the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals.

PubMed

Harnack, Lisa; Walters, Shelley-Ann H; Jacobs, David R

2003-08-01

This study characterizes whole grain consumption among a nationally representative sample of US children and adolescents. Data used in this study were collected as part of the 1994-1996 US Department of Agriculture Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII). CSFII was designed to obtain a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized persons of all ages residing in the United States. Analyses reported in this article are limited to participants aged 2 to 18 years with two days of dietary recall data (n=4,802). Foods reported in the survey were quantified in servings as defined by the Food Guide Pyramid using the US Department of Agriculture Pyramid Servings Database, which contains reference data for each food reported in CSFII in servings per 100 g for 30 Pyramid food groups, including whole grain and total grain. Means, frequencies, and logistic regression analyses were conducted as appropriate. Average whole grain intake ranged from 0.8 servings per day for preschool-aged children to 1.0 servings per day for adolescents. Ready-to-eat cereals, corn and other chips, and yeast breads were found to be the major food sources of whole grains accounting for 30.9%, 21.7%, and 18.1% of whole grain intake respectively among those aged two to 18 years. Given the apparent low level of whole grain intake among most children and adolescents in the United States, interventions are needed to increase intake of whole-grain foods.

Problems in educating abused and neglected children with disabilities.

PubMed

Weinberg, L A

1997-09-01

This study considers whether Goerge and colleagues' (1992) thesis is correct--that the reason the special education needs of abused or neglected children in foster care are not being met appropriately is that the services provided to them revolve around their need for protection. A case study was done of 12 children with disabilities who were removed from the homes of their parents because of abuse or neglect. The primary data were the legal interventions made on the children's behalf with various agencies serving them by a legal services office. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a review of the children's case files. The number of dysfunctions identified in the various agencies serving the children that negatively affected the children's ability to receive an appropriate education were in the following categories: search and serve (3); eligibility (1); timeline violation (8); IEP violation (11); inappropriate program (17); inadequate resources (4); lack of knowledge (3); parent advocacy problem (3); lack of coordination (7); dependent status (8); mobility delay (9). In those instances where the child welfare agency did not take into account a child's educational needs when placing that child, but simply considered the appropriateness of the living situation to protect and care for the child, then the thesis appears to be borne out. However, some-dysfunctions appear to be part of routine lack of compliance with certain areas of special education law, and would seem to affect any child with similar disabilities and educational needs in the offending school districts.

A Mission to Serve: How Public Charter Schools Are Designed to Meet the Diverse Demands of Our Communities. Issue Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kern, Nora; Thukral, Renita; Ziebarth, Todd

2012-01-01

The public charter school movement has grown rapidly in the 20 years since the first public charter school opened in 1992, with over 5,600 schools now serving more than two million students. One of the most exceptional developments within the first two decades of the movement has been the rise of high performing public charter schools with…

Do You Hear What I Hear? Overweight Children's Perceptions of Different Physical Activity Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meaney, Karen; Hart, Melanie A.; Griffin, L. Kent

2011-01-01

Social-Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986, 1999) served as the framework to explore overweight children's perceptions of different physical activity settings. Participants were children (n = 67) enrolled in an after-school and summer program for overweight African-American and Hispanic-American children from low-income families. To gain insight into…

The Relationship between Kindergarten Classroom Environment and Children's Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aydogan, Canan; Farran, Dale C.; Sagsöz, Gülseren

2015-01-01

The primary aim of the present study was to examine the way in which instructional and emotional aspects of teacher support combined to predict children's engagement in learning-related activities in kindergarten classrooms that served a socio-economically diverse population of children. Observations were conducted on teachers and children in 45…

Academic Achievement, Self-Concept and Depression in Taiwanese Children: Moderated Mediation Effect

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wu, Pei-Chen; Kuo, Shin-Ting

2015-01-01

The primary purpose of this study was to utilize a multidimensional perspective to examine whether children's self-concept served as a mediator between academic achievement and depression, and to further investigate whether this mediation effect was moderated by the ages of children. The participants consisted of 632 Taiwanese children in the…

Teacher-Child Relationships and Classroom-Learning Behaviours of Children with Developmental Language Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rhoad-Drogalis, Anna; Justice, Laura M.; Sawyer, Brook E.; O'Connell, Ann A.

2018-01-01

Background: Children with developmental language disorders (DLDs) often struggle with classroom behaviour. No study has examined whether positive teacher-child relationships may act as a protective factor for children with DLDs in that these serve to enhance children's important classroom-learning behaviours. Aims: To examine the association…

Toward Improved Accuracy: A Response to Kauffman and Badar

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamphaus, Randy; DiStefano, Christine

2013-01-01

The number of children estimated to suffer mental health disorders, and therefore, creating the need for special education services for children with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD), is between 5% and 25% of children under the age of 18 (Brauner & Stephens, 2006). Admittedly, not all children with EBD have been identified and served,…

Research Handbook on Children's Language Learning. Preliminary Edition. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dato, Daniel P.

This handbook serves as an introduction to the study of children's language development and as a supplementary aid in the training of research workers in the field of children's language learning. As a teaching aid, it is suggested this work be used with a film entitled "Psycholinquistic Research Techniques: Children's Language." Major chapters…

Applying Tangible Story Avatars to Enhance Children's Collaborative Storytelling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Chen-Chung; Liu, Kuo-Ping; Wang, Pi-Hui; Chen, Gwo-Dong; Su, Mu-Chun

2012-01-01

Software avatars are increasingly applied to support children's collaborative storytelling because avatars may serve as a transparent shield or as embodied agents to facilitate creativity in children. However, when using avatars, it is not easy for children to practise and refine their speaking skills by narrating their stories to an audience. The…

Interparental Conflict and Children's School Adjustment: The Explanatory Role of Children's Internal Representations of Interparental and Parent-Child Relationships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sturge-Apple, Melissa L.; Davies, Patrick T.; Winter, Marcia A.; Cummings, E. Mark; Schermerhorn, Alice

2008-01-01

This study examined how children's insecure internal representations of interparental and parent-child relationships served as explanatory mechanisms in multiple pathways linking interparental conflict and parent emotional unavailability with the emotional and classroom engagement difficulties the children had in their adjustment to school. With…

Characterizing Community-Based Mental Health Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Disruptive Behavior Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brookman-Frazee, Lauren I.; Taylor, Robin; Garland, Ann F.

2010-01-01

This study describes the characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with disruptive behavior problems served in community-based mental health clinics, characterizes psychotherapy process and outcome, and examines differences between children with ASD and a non-ASD comparison group. Results indicate that children with ASD…

45 CFR 2552.46 - What cost reimbursements are provided to Foster Grandparents?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... serve without cost to themselves. The stipend is paid for the time Foster Grandparents spend with their... homes and places of assignment, during their volunteer service, during meal periods while serving as a... provide supportive service without injury to themselves or the children served. (e) Meals and recognition...

45 CFR 2552.46 - What cost reimbursements are provided to Foster Grandparents?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... serve without cost to themselves. The stipend is paid for the time Foster Grandparents spend with their... homes and places of assignment, during their volunteer service, during meal periods while serving as a... provide supportive service without injury to themselves or the children served. (e) Meals and recognition...

Serving Students with Dysphagia in the Schools? Educational Preparation Is Essential!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Power-deFur, Lissa

2000-01-01

This article discusses the rise of students with dysphagia in schools and addresses issues associated with serving students with dysphagia in the public education setting. The role and preparation of the speech-language pathologist is serving children with dysphagia, and the accompanying continuing education and ethical requirements, are outlined.…

75 FR 41796 - National School Lunch, Special Milk, and School Breakfast Programs, National Average Payments...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-19

..., afterschool snacks and breakfasts served to children participating in the National School Lunch and School... Factors and to the maximum Federal reimbursement rates for lunches and afterschool snacks served to... afterschool snacks served under the National School Lunch Program are rounded down to the nearest whole cent...

Day Care: Serving Preschool Children-3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Donald J.; Brandegee, Ada S.

The handbook offers information and guidelines for establishing model daycare services for preschool children. Topics examined include: the nature of day care for preschoolers, the developmental patterns of preschool children, administration, budgeting and funding, licensing and other forms of regulation, facilities, parent involvement, curriculum…

The Development of a Measure of Readiness to Volunteer as a Peer Support Provider for an Organization Serving Parents of Children with Special Needs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dodds, Robin Lynn

2015-01-01

The question of who is ready to serve as a help-giver reflects an unresolved question in the research on parents of children with disabilities. There is little consensus as to whether or not there are regular, predictable phases of adaptation to a child's disability. The purpose of this research was to develop a measure of readiness to be trained…

It Takes a Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephens, Missy

2010-01-01

Tuscaloosa, Alabama, created a prekindergarten program for at-risk children by bringing together the entire community. With donations and volunteer help, the city managed to fund 19 classrooms serving 275 children.

Sister Mary K. Samson v. The United States. Religious institutes and the IRS: the Samson Case's impact.

PubMed

Roha, T A

1985-04-01

A federal appeals court recently ruled that a member of a Catholic religious institute assigned by her superiors to serve with a county hospital was subject to Social Security withholding on earnings from that service. Consequently, Catholic institute members will have Social Security taxes withheld whenever they serve with an entity not associated with the Church, that is, any entity not listed in the Official Catholic Directory. The ruling hinges on the contention that the sister could not have been "required" by her superiors to serve with the county hospital, since the hospital had final authority to determine who its employees would be, and that she thereby failed to qualify for the exception to Social Security withholding in Internal Revenue Code section 3121(b)(8)(A) for members of religious institutes performing service "'required" by their superiors. Because virtually all employers have this final authority, however, the appeals court's ruling leaves in doubt the perimeters of the exception to Social Security withholding in section 3121(b)(8)(A).

Factors associated with collaboration among agencies serving children with complex chronic conditions.

PubMed

Nageswaran, Savithri; Golden, Shannon L; Easterling, Douglas; O'Shea, T Michael; Hansen, William B; Ip, Edward H

2013-11-01

Our objective was to identify agency-level factors that increase collaborative relationships between agencies that serve children with complex chronic conditions (CCC). We hypothesized that an agency will collaborate with more partners in the network if the agency had a coordinator and participated in a community coalition. We surveyed representatives of 63 agencies that serve children with CCC in Forsyth County, North Carolina about their agencies' collaborations with other agencies. We used social network analytical methods and exponential random graph analysis to identify factors associated with collaboration among agencies. The unit of analysis was the collaborative tie (n = 3,658) between agencies in the network. Agencies participating in a community coalition were 1.5 times more likely to report collaboration than agencies that did not participate in a coalition. Presence of a coordinator in an agency was not associated with the number of collaborative relationships. Agencies in existence for a longer duration (≥11 vs. ≤10 years; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.1) and those with a higher proportion of CCC clientele (aOR: 2.1 and 1.6 for 11-30 % and ≥31 % compared to ≤10 %) had greater collaboration. Care coordination agencies and pediatric practices reported more collaborative relationships than subspecialty clinics, home-health agencies, durable medical equipment companies, educational programs and family-support services. Collaborative relationships between agencies that serve children with CCC are increased by coalition participation, longer existence and higher CCC clientele. Future studies should evaluate whether interventions to improve collaborations among agencies will improve clinical outcomes of children with CCC.

Understanding immigrants, schooling, and school psychology: Contemporary science and practice.

PubMed

Frisby, Craig L; Jimerson, Shane R

2016-06-01

Immigration into the United States is a particularly salient topic of current contemporary educational, social, and political discussions. The school-related needs of immigrant children and youth can be well served by rigorous research and effective school psychology preservice training and preparation. This overview highlights key definitions, demographic statistics, and current resources related to immigration in U.S. society. This special topic section on understanding immigrants, schooling, and school psychology features articles relevant to this important topic. We conclude with a call for this effort to serve as a springboard for future discussions, scholarship, and school psychology training in preparing practitioners for serving children who are immigrants. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Acute Aerobic Exercise Impacts Selective Attention: An Exceptional Boost in Lower-Income Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tine, Michele T.; Butler, Allison G.

2012-01-01

Educational research suggests that lower-income children exhibit poor general executive functioning relative to their higher-income peers. Meanwhile, sports psychology research suggests that an acute bout of aerobic exercise improves executive functioning in children. Yet, it has never been determined if such exercise (1) specifically improves the…

Section for Exceptional Children Curriculum Guide for Trainable Mentally Retarded Children 1973-74, Third Reprint.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South Dakota State Div. of Elementary and Secondary Education, Pierre. Section for Exceptional Children.

The curriculum guide for use with trainable mentally handicapped children is organized by five levels of difficulty and the following categories: social adjustment, economic usefulness (science and math), communication skills, cultural appreciation (art, music, and literature), prevocational skills, and movement behavior. Listed for each level and…

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Have an Exceptional Explanatory Drive

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rutherford, M. D.; Subiaul, Francys

2016-01-01

An "explanatory drive" motivates children to explain ambiguity. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders are interested in how systems work, but it is unknown whether they have an explanatory drive. We presented children with and without autism spectrum disorder unsolvable problems in a physical and in a social context and evaluated…

34 CFR 300.118 - Children in public or private institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Children in public or private institutions. 300.118... Children in public or private institutions. Except as provided in § 300.149(d) (regarding agency responsibility for general supervision of some individuals in adult prisons), an SEA must ensure that § 300.114...

34 CFR 300.118 - Children in public or private institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Children in public or private institutions. 300.118... Children in public or private institutions. Except as provided in § 300.149(d) (regarding agency responsibility for general supervision of some individuals in adult prisons), an SEA must ensure that § 300.114...

34 CFR 300.118 - Children in public or private institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2011-07-01 2010-07-01 true Children in public or private institutions. 300.118... Children in public or private institutions. Except as provided in § 300.149(d) (regarding agency responsibility for general supervision of some individuals in adult prisons), an SEA must ensure that § 300.114...

34 CFR 300.118 - Children in public or private institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Children in public or private institutions. 300.118... Children in public or private institutions. Except as provided in § 300.149(d) (regarding agency responsibility for general supervision of some individuals in adult prisons), an SEA must ensure that § 300.114...

Differing Reactions to Television in Kibbutz and City Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huesmann, L. Rowell; Bachrach, Riva S.

Children's social and cultural environments may affect their perceptions of the reality of television violence. One of the problems in measuring the importance of societal variables is the difficulty in finding children whose social environments have differed for most of their lives in well prescribed ways. An exception to this are kibbutz- and…

7 CFR 1400.101 - Minor children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Minor children. 1400.101 Section 1400.101 Agriculture... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Payment Limitation § 1400.101 Minor children. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, payments received by a child under 18 years of age as of June 1...

7 CFR 1400.101 - Minor children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Minor children. 1400.101 Section 1400.101 Agriculture... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Payment Limitation § 1400.101 Minor children. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, payments received by a child under 18 years of age as of June 1...

7 CFR 1400.101 - Minor children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Minor children. 1400.101 Section 1400.101 Agriculture... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Payment Limitation § 1400.101 Minor children. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, payments received by a child under 18 years of age as of June 1...

7 CFR 1400.101 - Minor children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Minor children. 1400.101 Section 1400.101 Agriculture... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Payment Limitation § 1400.101 Minor children. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, payments received by a child under 18 years of age as of April 1...

7 CFR 1400.101 - Minor children.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Minor children. 1400.101 Section 1400.101 Agriculture... SUBSEQUENT CROP, PROGRAM, OR FISCAL YEARS Payment Limitation § 1400.101 Minor children. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, payments received by a child under 18 years of age as of June 1...

Sequential and Simultaneous Processing in Children with Learning Disabilities: An Attempted Replication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bain, Sherry K.

1993-01-01

Analysis of Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) Sequential and Simultaneous Processing scores of 94 children (ages 6-12) with learning disabilities produced factor patterns generally supportive of the traditional K-ABC Mental Processing structure with the exception of Spatial Memory. The sample exhibited relative processing strengths…

Exceptional Children. Handbook on Parents' Rights

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina Department of Public Instruction, 2004

2004-01-01

North Carolina has educated children with disabilities in its public schools since 1949-50, but it was not until 1977 that the General Assembly passed a law which required the state's public schools to provide special education for all children with disabilities. This law is Article 9, Special Education, of the North Carolina General Statutes,…

Children's Narrative Structure: How Do Japanese Children Talk About Their Own Stories?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minami, Masahiko

The conversational narratives of 17 Japanese children aged 5 to 9 were analyzed using stanza analysis. Three distinctive features emerged: (1) the narratives are exceptionally succinct; (2) they are usually free-standing collections of three experiences; and (3) stanzas almost always consist of three lines. These features reflect the basic…

2016 Update of the Italian Pediatric Society Guidelines for Management of Fever in Children.

PubMed

Chiappini, Elena; Venturini, Elisabetta; Remaschi, Giulia; Principi, Nicola; Longhi, Riccardo; Tovo, Pier-Angelo; Becherucci, Paolo; Bonsignori, Francesca; Esposito, Susanna; Festini, Filippo; Galli, Luisa; Lucchesi, Bice; Mugelli, Alessandro; Marseglia, Gian Luigi; de Martino, Maurizio

2017-01-01

To review new scientific evidence to update the Italian guidelines for managing fever in children as drafted by the panel of the Italian Pediatric Society. Relevant publications in English and Italian were identified through search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from May 2012 to November 2015. Previous recommendations are substantially reaffirmed. Antipyretics should be administered with the purpose to control the child's discomfort. Antipyretics should be administered orally; rectal administration is discouraged except in the setting of vomiting. Combined use of paracetamol and ibuprofen is discouraged, considering risk and benefit. Antipyretics are not recommended preemptively to reduce the incidence of fever and local reactions in children undergoing vaccination, or in attempt to prevent febrile convulsions in children. Ibuprofen and paracetamol are not contraindicated in children who are febrile with asthma, with the exception of known cases of paracetamol- or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced asthma. Recent medical literature leads to reaffirmation of previous recommendations for use of antipyretics in children who are febrile. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Relationships between different nutritional anthropometric statuses and health-related fitness of South African primary school children.

PubMed

Armstrong, M E G; Lambert, M I; Lambert, E V

2017-05-01

A double burden of both under- and over-nutrition exists among South African children. To describe associations between nutritional statuses and health-related fitness test performances. Height and weight of 10 285 children (6-13 years; n = 5604 boys and 4681 girls) were measured and used to calculate body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of overweight and obesity, stunting, wasting and underweight. Physical fitness scores for standing long jump, shuttle run, sit-and-reach, sit-up (EUROFIT) and cricket ball throw were assessed. Age- and gender-specific z-scores were calculated for these variables. Physical fitness for each nutritional status group was compared to children of normal weight. Compared to normal weight children, overweight and obese children scored lower on all fitness tests (p < .001), except cricket ball throw (p = .235) and sit-and-reach (p = .015). Stunted and underweight children performed poorer than normal weight children on most fitness tests (p < .001), except sit-and-reach (stunted: p = .829; underweight: p = .538) and shuttle run (underweight: p = .017). Performance of wasted children was not as highly compromised as other under-nourished groups, but they performed poorer on the cricket ball throw (p < .001). When compared to normal weight children, both under- and over-nourished children performed poorer on some, but not all, health-related fitness tests.

7 CFR 215.8 - Reimbursement payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL MILK PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN § 215.8 Reimbursement payments. (a... programs to all children; (ii) served to all children in pricing programs by institutions and School Food...

7 CFR 215.8 - Reimbursement payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL MILK PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN § 215.8 Reimbursement payments. (a... programs to all children; (ii) served to all children in pricing programs by institutions and School Food...

7 CFR 215.8 - Reimbursement payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL MILK PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN § 215.8 Reimbursement payments. (a... programs to all children; (ii) served to all children in pricing programs by institutions and School Food...

7 CFR 215.8 - Reimbursement payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL MILK PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN § 215.8 Reimbursement payments. (a... programs to all children; (ii) served to all children in pricing programs by institutions and School Food...

7 CFR 215.8 - Reimbursement payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL MILK PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN § 215.8 Reimbursement payments. (a... programs to all children; (ii) served to all children in pricing programs by institutions and School Food...

45 CFR 1307.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... progress of the children it serves that have been combined to provide summary information about groups of... other groups of children such as dual language learners, or to provide summary information by specific... children's status and progress across domains of language and literacy development, cognition and general...

45 CFR 1307.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... progress of the children it serves that have been combined to provide summary information about groups of... other groups of children such as dual language learners, or to provide summary information by specific... children's status and progress across domains of language and literacy development, cognition and general...

45 CFR 1307.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... progress of the children it serves that have been combined to provide summary information about groups of... other groups of children such as dual language learners, or to provide summary information by specific... children's status and progress across domains of language and literacy development, cognition and general...

Parental Roles in Provision of Mobility and Educational Resources for Children with Physical Challenges a Case of Joytown Special School, Kiambu County, Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamau, Joyce

2017-01-01

Children with physical challenges have developmental needs and rights like other children and due to their exceptionality they call for more attention in provision of adequate quality mobility and educational resources to enhance their holistic development. However, it is apparent that provision of resources to children with physical challenges…

Provision for Exceptional Children in Public Schools. Bulletin, 1911, No. 14. Whole Number 461

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Sickle, James H.; Witmer, Lightner; Ayres, Leonard P.

1911-01-01

There are many children in attendance in the public schools of the United States who, for one reason or another, cannot work most satisfactorily to themselves or others when classified with the great majority of the children. School authorities have seen for many years that the presence of such children in the regular classes is detrimental to the…

Dietary Protein Intake in Young Children in Selected Low-Income Countries Is Generally Adequate in Relation to Estimated Requirements for Healthy Children, Except When Complementary Food Intake Is Low123

PubMed Central

Arsenault, Joanne E; Brown, Kenneth H

2017-01-01

Background: Previous research indicates that young children in low-income countries (LICs) generally consume greater amounts of protein than published estimates of protein requirements, but this research did not account for protein quality based on the mix of amino acids and the digestibility of ingested protein. Objective: Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of inadequate protein and amino acid intake by young children in LICs, accounting for protein quality. Methods: Seven data sets with information on dietary intake for children (6–35 mo of age) from 6 LICs (Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador, Bangladesh, Uganda, and Zambia) were reanalyzed to estimate protein and amino acid intake and assess adequacy. The protein digestibility–corrected amino acid score of each child’s diet was calculated and multiplied by the original (crude) protein intake to obtain an estimate of available protein intake. Distributions of usual intake were obtained to estimate the prevalence of inadequate protein and amino acid intake for each cohort according to Estimated Average Requirements. Results: The prevalence of inadequate protein intake was highest in breastfeeding children aged 6–8 mo: 24% of Bangladeshi and 16% of Peruvian children. With the exception of Bangladesh, the prevalence of inadequate available protein intake decreased by age 9–12 mo and was very low in all sites (0–2%) after 12 mo of age. Inadequate protein intake in children <12 mo of age was due primarily to low energy intake from complementary foods, not inadequate protein density. Conclusions: Overall, most children consumed protein amounts greater than requirements, except for the younger breastfeeding children, who were consuming low amounts of complementary foods. These findings reinforce previous evidence that dietary protein is not generally limiting for children in LICs compared with estimated requirements for healthy children, even after accounting for protein quality. However, unmeasured effects of infection and intestinal dysfunction on the children’s protein requirements could modify this conclusion. PMID:28202639

Healthy Foods under $1 Per Serving

MedlinePlus

... a Healthy Heart Healthy Kids Our Kids Programs Childhood Obesity What is childhood obesity? Overweight in Children BMI in Children Is Childhood Obesity an Issue in Your Home? Addressing your Child's ...

Exceptional Parent, 1993.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klein, Stanley D., Ed.

1993-01-01

This document consists of the nine issues of the journal "Exceptional Parent" published during 1993. This journal contains articles particularly aimed at parents of children with disabilities. Major articles published during this period are the following: "Annual Guide to Products and Services"; "Coping with Incontinence" (Katherine F. Jeter);…

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion is preserved in young patients with pulmonary hypertension except when associated with repaired congenital heart disease.

PubMed

Hauck, Amanda; Guo, Ruixin; Ivy, D Dunbar; Younoszai, Adel

2017-04-01

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is a measure of right ventricular (RV) longitudinal function that correlates with functional status and mortality in adults with pulmonary hypertension (PH). The diagnostic and predictive value of TAPSE in children with PH has not been fully examined. We aimed to define TAPSE across aetiologies of paediatric PH and assess the correlation between TAPSE and measures of disease severity. TAPSE measurements were obtained in 84 children and young adults undergoing treatment for PH and 315 healthy children to establish z-scores at moderate altitude for comparison. The relationships between TAPSE and echocardiographic, biomarker, and functional measures of disease severity between aetiologies were assessed. TAPSE z-scores in PH patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) repaired with open cardiac surgery (n = 20, mean -2.73) were significantly decreased compared with normal children and patients with other aetiologies of PH (P < 0.001) but did not reflect poorer clinical status. TAPSE z-scores in children with idiopathic PH (n = 29, -0.41), unrepaired CHD (n = 11, -0.1), and PH related to systemic disease (n = 14, -0.39) were not different from normal. TAPSE correlated modestly with brain natriuretic peptide, echocardiographic function parameters, and functional class except in patients with repaired CHD. Children with PH maintain normal TAPSE values early except when associated with repaired CHD. Superior RV adaptation to high afterload in children compared with adults may account for this finding. Reduced TAPSE after repair of CHD does not correlate with functional status and may reflect post-operative changes rather than poor function primarily due to PH. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2016. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

34 CFR 606.4 - What are low educational and general expenditures?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION DEVELOPING HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General § 606.4 What are low educational and general expenditures? (a)(1) Except as provided in...

34 CFR 606.4 - What are low educational and general expenditures?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION DEVELOPING HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General § 606.4 What are low educational and general expenditures? (a)(1) Except as provided in...

Dietary Patterns and Body Mass Index in Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children

PubMed Central

Evans, E. Whitney; Must, Aviva; Anderson, Sarah E.; Curtin, Carol; Scampini, Renee; Maslin, Melissa; Bandini, Linda

2012-01-01

To determine whether dietary patterns (juice and sweetened non-dairy beverages, fruits, vegetables, fruits & vegetables, snack foods, and kid’s meals) and associations between dietary patterns and body mass index (BMI) differed between 53 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 58 typically developing children, ages 3 to 11, multivariate regression models including interaction terms were used. Children with ASD were found to consume significantly more daily servings of sweetened beverages (2.6 versus 1.7, p=0.03) and snack foods (4.0 versus 3.0, p=0.01) and significantly fewer daily servings of fruits and vegetables (3.1 versus 4.4, p=0.006) than typically developing children. There was no evidence of statistical interaction between any of the dietary patterns and BMI z-score with autism status. Among all children, fruits and vegetables (p=0.004) and fruits alone (p=0.005) were positively associated with BMI z-score in our multivariate models. Children with ASD consume more energy-dense foods than typically developing children; however, in our sample, only fruits and vegetables were positively associated with BMI z-score. PMID:22936951

Neonatal systemic inflammation and the risk of low scores on measures of reading and mathematics achievement at age 10 years among children born extremely preterm.

PubMed

Leviton, Alan; Dammann, Olaf; Allred, Elizabeth N; Joseph, Robert M; Fichorova, Raina N; O'Shea, T Michael; Kuban, Karl C K

2018-05-01

Difficulties with reading and math occur more commonly among children born extremely preterm than among children born at term. Reasons for this are unclear. We measured the concentrations of 27 inflammatory-related and neurotrophic/angiogenic proteins (angio-neurotrophic proteins) in multiple blood specimens collected a week apart during the first postnatal month from 660 children born before the 28th week of gestation who at age 10 years had an IQ ≥ 70 and a Wechsler Individual Achievement Test 3rd edition (WIAT-III) assessment. We identified four groups of children, those who had a Z-score ≤ -1 on the Word Reading assessment only, on the Numerical Operations assessment only, on both of these assessments, and on neither, which served as the referent group. We then modeled the risk of each learning limitation associated with a top quartile concentration of each protein, and with high and lower concentrations of multiple proteins. The protein profile of low reading scores was confined to the third and fourth postnatal weeks when increased risks were associated with high concentrations of IL-8 and ICAM-1 in the presence of low concentrations of angio-neurotrophic proteins. The profile of low math scores was very similar, except it did not include ICAM-1. In contrast, the profile of low scores on both assessments was present in each of the first four postnatal weeks. The increased risks associated with high concentrations of TNF-α in the first two weeks and of IL-8 and ICAM-1 in the next two weeks were modulated down by high concentrations of angio-neurotrophic proteins. High concentrations of angio-neurotrophic proteins appear to reduce/moderate the risk of each learning limitation associated with systemic inflammation. The three categories of limitations have protein profiles with some similarities, and yet some differences, too. Copyright © 2018 ISDN. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Assessment of food, nutrition, and physical activity practices in Oklahoma child-care centers.

PubMed

Sisson, Susan B; Campbell, Janis E; May, Kellie B; Brittain, Danielle R; Monroe, Lisa A; Guss, Shannon H; Ladner, Jennifer L

2012-08-01

The purpose of the current study was to determine the obesogenic practices in all-day child-care centers caring for preschool-aged children. This study used a cross-sectional, self-reported survey mailed to centers across Oklahoma (n=314). Frequency of responses and χ(2) were calculated comparing region and star rating. Items where the majority of centers frequently report best practices include: daily fruits served (76%), daily nonfried vegetables served (71%), rarely/never served sugary drinks (92%), rarely/never used food to encourage good behaviors (88%), staff join children at table most of the time (81%), staff rarely eat different foods in view of children (69%), visible self-serve or request availability of water (93%), regular informal communication about healthy eating (86%), opportunities for outdoor play (95%), not withholding activity for punishment (91%), accessible play equipment (59% to 80% for different types of equipment), and minimization of extended sitting time (78%). Practices where centers can improve include increasing variety of vegetables (18%), reducing frequency of high-fat meats served (74% serve more than once per week), increasing high-fiber and whole-grain foods (35% offer daily), serving style of "seconds" (28% help kids determine whether they are still hungry), nonfood holiday celebrations (44% use nonfood treats), having toys and books that encourage healthy eating (27%) and physical activity (25%) in all rooms in the center, a standard nutrition (21%) and physical education (50%) curriculum, and following a written physical activity policy (43%). Practitioners can use these data to develop benchmarks and interventions, as this was the first study to assess statewide obesogenic practices in child care. Copyright © 2012 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Giving Latino Children a Stronger Start. New Journalism on Latino Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivera, Carla

2009-01-01

Early Head Start serves newborns through toddlers. It is an offshoot of Head Start, the 44-year-old federal program for low-income children ages 3 through 5. Social scientists studying brain development and emotional growth increasingly identify early education as critical to preparing children for kindergarten. As well, researchers have linked it…

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Using Wii Gaming Technology in Children with Down Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wuang, Yee-Pay; Chiang, Ching-Sui; Su, Chwen-Yng; Wang, Chih-Chung

2011-01-01

This quasi-experimental study compared the effect of standard occupational therapy (SOT) and virtual reality using Wii gaming technology (VRWii) on children with Down syndrome (DS). Children (n=105) were randomly assigned to intervention with either SOT or VRWii, while another 50 served as controls. All children were assessed with measures of…

A Peer-to-Peer Health Education Program for Vulnerable Children in Uganda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Falk, Diane S.; Pettet, Kristen; Mpagi, Charles

2016-01-01

In this paper, children attending a U.S.-sponsored private primary school serving orphaned and vulnerable children in Uganda were interviewed in focus groups about their participation in a peer-to-peer health education program in which they used music, dance, poetry, art, and drama to convey health information. The children reported enhanced…

Forgotten Children: A Program for the Multihandicapped.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frampton, Merle E.; And Others

In a cerebral palsy-blind experimental school unit for day and residential care, a staff of 13 served 30 children in 6 years with 12 to 17 children each year. All but six children who were found to be nontrainable progressed: eight became trainable, eight trainable and partly educable, and eight educable. Variable progress was found characteristic…

Serving Refugee Students and Unaccompanied Minors: More than Just Learning English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark-Kasimu, Nakachi

2015-01-01

Unrest, crime, and poverty in Central America and other parts of the world have led to periodic migrations of unaccompanied children and young refugees into the United States. These children then enroll in U.S. schools--public education for all children, including undocumented children, is a right guaranteed by the 1982 "Plyler v. Doe"…

Making Nutrition Count for Children. Nutrition Guidance for Child Care Homes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.

This booklet serves to help all child-care providers with valuable information such as (1) How children grow and develop, (2) Nutrients needed for growth and development, (3) Dietary Guidelines for Americans, (4) The USDA Food Guide Pyramid for Young Children, and (3) Helping children learning about food and eating. The booklet also contains…

The Rights of Children. 1970 White House Conference on Children, Report of Forum 22. (Working Copy).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, DC.

Children's rights can be served by maximizing from birth the opportunities for each individual child's healthy growth, well-being, and fullfillment. Knowledge of the developmental needs and characteristics of children must be the foundation for action and policy by government and other agencies and institutions--national, state and local. Children…

Implementing and Assessing 4-H Educational Activity Kits for Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scheer, Scott D.; Yeske, Janine; Zimmer, Bruce

2011-01-01

Educational activity kits were developed and implemented through a statewide effort for 4-H Youth Development Extension programs serving 5-8 year-old children. The purpose of the kits was to promote life skills in children and assess the learning environment. Data was collected based on the observations of 577 children across 22 counties. Findings…

Scaling up... : Professional Development to Serve Young Children in Chinese Welfare Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Carolyn Pope; Cotton, Janice N.; Zhao, Wen; Muntaner-Gelabert, Jeronia

2010-01-01

In 1998 a group of American adoptive parents led by Jenny Bowen created Half the Sky Foundation (HTS) to provide nurturing care and education for children living in Chinese orphanages (known as children's welfare institutions). Jenny, a former screenwriter and film director, and her husband Richard wanted to ensure that the children still waiting…

Children's Sensitivity to External Food Cues: How Distance to Serving Bowl Influences Children's Consumption

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musher-Eizenman, Dara R.; Young, Kathleen M.; Laurene, Kimberly; Galliger, Courtney; Hauser, Jessica; Wagner Oehlhof, Marissa

2010-01-01

Overweight is increasing in children, leading to negative health consequences. Children also lack appropriate levels of important vitamins and nutrients in their diets. Environmental cues, such as food proximity, have been shown to influence consumption rates in adults. The present study has tested whether proximity to either a nutrient-dense or…

Visual Hybrid Development Learning System (VHDLS) Framework for Children with Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banire, Bilikis; Jomhari, Nazean; Ahmad, Rodina

2015-01-01

The effect of education on children with autism serves as a relative cure for their deficits. As a result of this, they require special techniques to gain their attention and interest in learning as compared to typical children. Several studies have shown that these children are visual learners. In this study, we proposed a Visual Hybrid…

Accident Proneness in Children and Adolescents Affected by ADHD and the Impact of Medication.

PubMed

Lange, Hannah; Buse, Judith; Bender, Stephan; Siegert, Joachim; Knopf, Hildtraud; Roessner, Veit

2016-06-01

This study aims to ascertain once and for all whether children and adolescents affected by ADHD show a higher risk for accidents, as well as investigating a possible association between the administration of ADHD-specific medication and the occurrence of accidents. Two exceptionally large sets of data were implemented in this analysis. Participants included children and adolescents representative of the entire German population. Data for Survey 1 was collected through extensive administration of questionnaires. Data for Survey 2 stemmed from the records of a leading German health insurance company. In terms of statistical analysis, chi-square tests as well as logistic regression analyses were applied and odds ratios (ORs) were determined. Innovative results are presented showing a significantly higher likelihood for ADHD-affected youngsters to be involved in accidents compared with their nonaffected counterparts (Survey 1: OR = 1.60; Survey 2: OR = 1.89) but lacking an overall significant influence of medication regarding the occurrence of accidents (Survey 1: OR = 1.28; Survey 2: OR = 0.97). Frequency of accidents could be predicted by ADHD, gender, and age in both samples. Medication intake served as a weak predictor only in Survey 2. It has been determined in two representative and independent German samples that youngsters with ADHD are at a significantly higher risk of being involved in accidents. In the future, this should always be considered when setting up a treatment plan to ensure a safer and healthier coming of age without relying solely on specific effects of medication. (J. of Att. Dis. 2016; 20(6) 501-509). © The Author(s) 2014.

IFLA General Conference, 1990. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Section on Public Libraries; Section of Children's Libraries, Children's Literature Documentation Centres, Round Table; Section of School Libraries; Section of Libraries for the Blind; INTAMEL, Round Table; Mobile Libraries, Round Table. Booklet 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The 28 papers in this collection were presented at meetings of four sections and three round tables within the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: (1) "Rural Community Information Services: Guidelines for Researching Need, Setting Up Services and Evaluating Performance" (Elaine Kempson); (2) "Library Activities at the Workplace"…

Effects of Instruction in Narrative Structure on Childrens' Writing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzgerald, Jill; Teasley, Alan B.

A study investigated whether direct instruction in story constituents and their interrelationships could enhance children's organization in story writing. It was hypothesized that the special instruction could provide children with an internalized prototype story structure that could serve as a heuristic or planning device for organizing…

Impact of Structured Movement Time on Preschoolers' Physical Activity Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Kara K.; Matsuyama, Abigail L.; Robinson, Leah E.

2017-01-01

Preschool-aged children are not meeting national physical activity recommendations. This study compares preschoolers' physical activity engagement during two different physical activity opportunities: outdoor free play or a structured movement session. Eighty-seven children served as participants: 40 children participated in outdoor free play and…

Parent Programs in Pre-K through Third Grade

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magnuson, Katherine; Schindler, Holly S.

2016-01-01

Parents strongly influence their children's development, and prekindergarten and early elementary programs--especially those serving children at risk for low achievement because of their family backgrounds--often feature programming to support parents' role in their children's learning. Despite the prevalence of such programs, however, we have…

Children's Exploration of Physical Phenomena during Object Play

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solis, S. Lynneth; Curtis, Kaley N.; Hayes-Messinger, Amani

2017-01-01

Researchers propose that experiencing and manipulating physical principles through objects allows young children to formulate scientific intuitions that may serve as precursors to learning in STEM subjects. This may be especially true when children discover these physical principles through object affordances during play. The present study…

Peer Relationships in Child Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berndt, Thomas J., Ed.; Ladd, Gary W., Ed.

Although hypotheses about the consequences of peer relationships for children's development have served as the foundation for much of the research into children and adolescent peer relationships, direct assessment of the impact of such relationships on children's personality, social behavior, or cognition has rarely been done. This book discusses…

Hesitation Patterns in Third Grade Children's Derived Word Productions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edrington, Jamie L.; Buder, Eugene H.; Jarmulowicz, Linda

2009-01-01

Hesitations have been considered to serve both cognitive and linguistic functions. This study presents analyses of children's hesitations while producing English derived words with the suffix -"ity". Two questions were considered: Do children's linguistic skills influence their use and frequency of hesitations when producing derived…

Tribally Affiliated Child-Care Center Environment and Obesogenic Behaviors in Young Children.

PubMed

Sisson, Susan B; Stoner, Julie; Li, Ji; Stephens, Lancer; Campbell, Janis E; Lora, Karina R; Arnold, Sandra H; Horm, Diane; DeGrace, Beth

2017-03-01

Child-care centers are an integral part of life for many families with young children. American Indian children are at elevated health risk because of higher levels of obesity and associated health behaviors. Our aim was to assess the child-care environment and children's physical activity (PA) and dietary intake in young children attending tribally affiliated child care. We conducted a cross-sectional study. Participants were from 11 tribally affiliated child-care centers across Oklahoma and included 82 children aged 3 to 5 years old. Classroom observations were conducted using the Environmental and Policy Assessment Observation to measure PA and nutrition environments. Children wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer and lunchtime plate waste was observed. Descriptive statistics, including mean±standard deviation and frequencies, were calculated for the children's behaviors and environment. The total environment score was 23.9±5.2 (maximum=43). The nutrition score was 12.5±3.1 (maximum=21). The PA score was 11.7±2.2 (maximum=22). The participants were 3.8±0.1 years old, 55% were male, 67% were American Indian, and 38% were overweight or obese. Accelerometers were worn for 5.9±1.7 hours, excluding naptime. Children accumulated 4.3±2.2 min/h of moderate to vigorous PA, 4,294±1,883 steps/day, and 12.1±3.7 steps/min. At lunch, children were served 510±241 kcal, and consumed 387±239 kcal. Lunches consisted of 47% carbohydrate, 20% protein, and 33% fat. Total number of F/V served was 2.9±1.9 and consumed was 2.3±1.8, while whole grains served and consumed were 0.3±0.4 and 0.2±0.4, respectively, and lean proteins served and consumed were 0.3±0.4 and 0.2±0.4, respectively. This study describes obesogenic aspects of the child-care environment and identifies areas for improvement. Children did not accumulate adequate PA or consume calories or fat excessively. Children consumed multiple F/V; however, more whole grains and lean proteins could be provided. Future research might investigate how the healthfulness of the child-care environment can be improved by counseling providers on nutrition and PA strategies to prevent obesity. Copyright © 2017 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Temperament as a moderator of the effects of parenting on children's behavior.

PubMed

Gallitto, Elena

2015-08-01

This study examined the role of child temperament as moderator of the effect of parenting style on children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors. A series of structural equation models were fit to a representative sample of 2,631 Canadian children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. In addition to testing for the presence of Temperament × Parenting interactions, these models also examined the direct and indirect effects of a number of additional contextual factors such as neighborhood problems, neighborhood cohesion, social support, and maternal depression. The results indicate that exposure to more positive parenting reduces behavior problems in children with difficult/unadaptable temperaments. No moderating effects of temperament on hostile parenting were found. Such results serve to highlight the pivotal role of positive features of the rearing environment as catalysts for the successful adaptation of children with difficult/unadaptable temperaments. The results of this modeling work also serve to emphasize the importance of considering the ways in which more distal factors can affect children's behavioral adaptation by contributing to changes in proximal family processes.

Is what Filipino children eat between meals associated with body mass index?

PubMed

Gonzalez-Suarez, Consuelo B; Lee-Pineda, Karen; Caralipio, Nenita D; Grimmer-Somers, Karen; Sibug, Eleanor O; Velasco, Zenaida F

2015-03-01

The study aimed to assess the association between childhood obesity and snacking. A total of 396 students in grades 4 to 6 enrolled in an elementary school in the Philippines were the participants in this study. Demographic profile; anthropometric measures of height, weight, body mass index; and information about snacking were gathered. Obese group had statistically more servings of sweetened drinks and low-quality snacks. Female obese subjects have statistically more servings at nighttime and greater total snack servings. For the whole cohort, the odds ratio of being overweight with high total snack servings was 2.12 (95% confidence interval = 1.25-3.62) whereas the odds ratio of being obese with calories obtained from snacking was 2.08 (95% confidence interval = 1.01-4.26). Nighttime snacks and bad-quality foods should be minimized. Moreover, reducing food portions at any snack time will protect children from being overweight. © 2013 APJPH.

Making healthy eating and physical activity policy practice: the design and overview of a group randomized controlled trial in afterschool programs.

PubMed

Beets, Michael W; Glenn Weaver, R; Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle; Huberty, Jennifer; Ward, Dianne S; Freedman, Darcy A; Saunders, Ruth; Pate, Russell R; Beighle, Aaron; Hutto, Brent; Moore, Justin B

2014-07-01

National and state organizations have developed policies calling upon afterschool programs (ASPs, 3-6 pm) to serve a fruit or vegetable (FV) each day for snack, while eliminating foods and beverages high in added-sugars, and to ensure children accumulate a minimum of 30 min/d of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Few efficacious and cost-effective strategies exist to assist ASP providers in achieving these important public health goals. This paper reports on the design and conceptual framework of Making Healthy Eating and Physical Activity (HEPA) Policy Practice in ASPs, a 3-year group randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of strategies designed to improve snacks served and increase MVPA in children attending community-based ASPs. Twenty ASPs, serving over 1800 children (6-12 years) will be enrolled and match-paired based on enrollment size, average daily min/d MVPA, and days/week FV served, with ASPs randomized after baseline data collection to immediate intervention or a 1-year delayed group. The framework employed, STEPs (Strategies To Enhance Practice), focuses on intentional programming of HEPA in each ASPs' daily schedule, and includes a grocery store partnership to reduce price barriers to purchasing FV, professional development training to promote physical activity to develop core physical activity competencies, as well as ongoing technical support/assistance. Primary outcome measures include children's accelerometry-derived MVPA and time spend sedentary while attending an ASP, direct observation of staff HEPA promoting and inhibiting behaviors, types of snacks served, and child consumption of snacks, as well as, cost of snacks via receipts and detailed accounting of intervention delivery costs to estimate cost-effectiveness. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

75 FR 60417 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-30

...-related groups (DRGs). The CHAMPUS DRG-based payment system, except for children's hospitals (whose capital and direct medical education costs are incorporated in the children's hospital differential), who... direct medical education costs. Respondents are institutional providers. Affected Public: Business or...

Asian and Pacific American Exceptional Children. A Conversation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Decano, Pio

1979-01-01

Presented in the format of an imaginary dialogue between seven educators of Asian and Pacific American (APA) backgrounds, the article addresses some issues and concerns in the training of special education personnel to work with APA handicapped children. (DLS)

Historical Chronology of the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders 1964-1999. From the Third CBD Mini-Library Series, What Works for Children and Youth with E/BD: Linking Yesterday and Today with Tomorrow.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullock, Lyndal M.; Menendez, Anthony L.

This monograph presents a history of the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders (CCBD), a division of the Council for Exceptional Children. Since its founding in 1964, the CCBD has been concerned with children and youth with emotional and behavioral disorders. Following an introductory chapter, Chapter 1 highlights CCBD, including its…

Twice-Exceptionality: Parents' Perspectives on 2e Identification

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dare, Lynn; Nowicki, Elizabeth Agnes

2015-01-01

Twice-exceptional students have high abilities and coexisting learning difficulties. Abilities and difficulties tend to mask each other, and these underidentified students often struggle in school and express their frustrations at home. However, few studies have examined how parents experience the identification of their children's multiple…

Identifying sources of children's consumption of junk food in Boston after-school programs, April-May 2011.

PubMed

Kenney, Erica L; Austin, S Bryn; Cradock, Angie L; Giles, Catherine M; Lee, Rebekka M; Davison, Kirsten K; Gortmaker, Steven L

2014-11-20

Little is known about how the nutrition environment in after-school settings may affect children's dietary intake. We measured the nutritional quality of after-school snacks provided by programs participating in the National School Lunch Program or the Child and Adult Care Food Program and compared them with snacks brought from home or purchased elsewhere (nonprogram snacks). We quantified the effect of nonprogram snacks on the dietary intake of children who also received program-provided snacks during after-school time. Our study objective was to determine how different sources of snacks affect children's snack consumption in after-school settings. We recorded snacks served to and brought in by 298 children in 18 after-school programs in Boston, Massachusetts, on 5 program days in April and May 2011. We measured children's snack consumption on 2 program days using a validated observation protocol. We then calculated within-child change-in-change models to estimate the effect of nonprogram snacks on children's dietary intake after school. Nonprogram snacks contained more sugary beverages and candy than program-provided snacks. Having a nonprogram snack was associated with significantly higher consumption of total calories (+114.7 kcal, P < .001), sugar-sweetened beverages (+0.5 oz, P = .01), desserts (+0.3 servings, P < .001), and foods with added sugars (+0.5 servings; P < .001) during the snack period. On days when children brought their own after-school snack, they consumed more salty and sugary foods and nearly twice as many calories than on days when they consumed only program-provided snacks. Policy strategies limiting nonprogram snacks or setting nutritional standards for them in after-school settings should be explored further as a way to promote child health.

Difficulty buying food, BMI, and eating habits in young children.

PubMed

Fuller, Anne; Maguire, Jonathon L; Carsley, Sarah; Chen, Yang; Lebovic, Gerald; Omand, Jessica; Parkin, Patricia; Birken, Catherine S

2018-01-22

To determine whether parent report of difficulty buying food was associated with child body mass index (BMI) z-score or with eating habits in young children. This was a cross-sectional study in primary care offices in Toronto, Ontario. Subjects were children aged 1-5 years and their caregivers, recruited through the TARGet Kids! Research Network from July 2008 to August 2011. Regression models were developed to test the association between parent report of difficulty buying food because of cost and the following outcomes: child BMI z-score, parent's report of child's intake of fruit and vegetables, fruit juice and sweetened beverages, and fast food. Confounders included child's age, sex, birth weight, maternal BMI, education, ethnicity, immigration status, and neighbourhood income. The study sample consisted of 3333 children. Data on difficulty buying food were available for 3099 children, and 431 of these (13.9%) were from households reporting difficulty buying food. There was no association with child BMI z-score (p = 0.86). Children from households reporting difficulty buying food (compared with never having difficulty buying food) had increased odds of consuming three or fewer servings of fruits and vegetables per day (odds ratio [OR]: 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.69), more than one serving of fruit juice/sweetened beverage per day (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28-2.00), and, among children 1-2 years old, one or more servings of fast food per week (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 1.67-5.08). Parental report of difficulty buying food is associated with less optimal eating habits in children but not with BMI z-score.

Providers perspectives on self-regulation impact their use of responsive feeding practices in child care.

PubMed

Dev, Dipti A; Speirs, Katherine E; Williams, Natalie A; Ramsay, Samantha; McBride, Brent A; Hatton-Bowers, Holly

2017-11-01

Supporting children's self-regulation in eating through caregivers' practice of responsive feeding is paramount to obesity prevention, and while much attention has been given to supporting children's self-regulation in eating through parents' responsive feeding practices in the home setting, little attention has been given to this issue in childcare settings. This qualitative study examines childcare providers' perspectives on using responsive feeding practices with young children (2-5years). Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with providers until saturation was reached. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The final sample included 18 providers who were employed full-time in Head Start or state-licensed center-based childcare programs, cared for children (2-5y), and were directly responsible for serving meals and snacks. Providers were primarily (67%) employed in childcare programs that served children from low-income families and received reimbursement for meals and snacks from the US Department of Agriculture's Child and Adult Care Food Program. Three factors emerged that shaped childcare providers' experiences using responsive feeding practices: the providers' perspectives about whether or not young children can self-regulate food intake, their understanding of Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) portion size regulations, and the availability of food at the center where they worked. Future research should examine how childcare providers' understanding of children's ability to self-regulate their food intake, the appropriate use of the CACFP regulations in relationship to serving sizes, and having food available to offer seconds promotes providers' use of responsive feeding practices in center-based childcare programs and children's dietary behaviors. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Maltreatment type and behaviors: does listening matter?

PubMed

Merritt, Darcey H; Snyder, Susan M

2014-12-01

This article presents an exploratory assessment of whether children's perceptions of caseworker support (e.g. feeling listened to) moderates the relationship between the type of maltreatment and problematic behaviors. Relying on data collected for the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW I), this research measures how often children felt listened to by their caseworkers and the effect on the relationship between two types of maltreatment (e.g. physical abuse and neglect) and problematic child behaviors. Results indicate that whereas children reported feeling listened to most of the time, there are significant differences in the probabilities of problematic behavior scores between physically abused and neglected children according to how often they felt listened to. With the exception of those children who felt listened to all of the time, physically abused children have a higher probability of problematic behaviors than neglected children. Comparisons between the two maltreatment types indicate a greater impact of listening on physically abused children across the continuum of feeling listened to (e.g. never to all of the time), than for neglected children, except for at the highest level of listening, as results indicate a small, but significant difference indicating neglected children are more positively impacted by listening than physically abused kids. Implications for practice are that children's perceptions of support from caseworkers may influence behavioral outcomes differently according to maltreatment type. Additionally, these findings encourage the inclusion of children's perspectives regarding the relationships they have with caseworkers. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Region 9 Task Force on Learning Disabilities: Summary of Proceedings, March 24-25, 1976.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosen, Karen; Minisi, Rena

Presented is the report of the Region 9 (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont) invitational caucus of the Council for Exceptional Children's Division on Children with Learning Disabilities which met in March of 1976. Focused on is the process for identifying children with learning disabilities…

Young Children's Perceptions of the Role of Food in their Bodies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coulson, R. I.

This study investigated young children's ideas about food. During individual interviews, children were asked questions about food. First, they were shown pictures of foods and asked to group the pictures into a pile of pictures of fruit and a pile of pictures classified as "not fruit". Except for orange juice, actual fruits were…

Exploring the experiences of substitute decision-makers with an exception to consent in a paediatric resuscitation randomised controlled trial: study protocol for a qualitative research study

PubMed Central

de Laat, Sonya; Schwartz, Lisa

2016-01-01

Introduction Prospective informed consent is required for most research involving human participants; however, this is impracticable under some circumstances. The Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS) outlines the requirements for research involving human participants in Canada. The need for an exception to consent (deferred consent) is recognised and endorsed in the TCPS for research in individual medical emergencies; however, little is known about substitute decision-maker (SDM) experiences. A paediatric resuscitation trial (SQUEEZE) (NCT01973907) using an exception to consent process began enrolling at McMaster Children's Hospital in January 2014. This qualitative research study aims to generate new knowledge on SDM experiences with the exception to consent process as implemented in a randomised controlled trial. Methods and analysis The SDMs of children enrolled into the SQUEEZE pilot trial will be the sampling frame from which ethics study participants will be derived. Design: Qualitative research study involving individual interviews and grounded theory methodology. Participants: SDMs for children enrolled into the SQUEEZE pilot trial. Sample size: Up to 25 SDMs. Qualitative methodology: SDMs will be invited to participate in the qualitative ethics study. Interviews with consenting SDMs will be conducted in person or by telephone, taped and professionally transcribed. Participants will be encouraged to elaborate on their experience of being asked to consent after the fact and how this process occurred. Analysis: Data gathering and analysis will be undertaken simultaneously. The investigators will collaborate in developing the coding scheme, and data will be coded using NVivo. Emerging themes will be identified. Ethics and dissemination This research represents a rare opportunity to interview parents/guardians of critically ill children enrolled into a resuscitation trial without their knowledge or prior consent. Findings will inform implementation of the exception to consent process in the planned definitive SQUEEZE trial and support development of evidence-based ethics guidelines. PMID:27625066

Understanding the investigation-stage overrepresentation of First Nations children in the child welfare system: an analysis of the First Nations component of the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect 2008.

PubMed

Sinha, Vandna; Trocmé, Nico; Fallon, Barbara; MacLaurin, Bruce

2013-10-01

The overrepresentation of Aboriginal children in child welfare systems in the U.S., Canada, and Australia is well documented, but limited attention has been paid to investigation-stage disproportionality. This paper examines the overrepresentation of First Nations (the largest of three federally recognized Aboriginal groups in Canada) children, focusing on three questions: (1) What is the level/nature of First Nations overrepresentation at the investigation stage? (2) What is known about the source of referrals in child welfare investigations involving First Nations children? (3) What risk factors and child functioning concerns are identified for investigated First Nations children and families? The First Nations Component of the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (FNCIS-2008) was designed to address limitations in existing Aboriginal child welfare data: it sampled one quarter of the Aboriginally governed child welfare agencies that conduct investigations in Canada, gathered data on over 3,000 investigations involving First Nations children, and incorporated weights designed for analysis of First Nations data. Bivariate analyses are used to compare investigations involving First Nations and non-Aboriginal children. The rate of investigations for First Nations children living in the areas served by sampled agencies was 4.2 times that for non-Aboriginal children; investigation-stage overrepresentation was compounded by each short term case disposition examined. A higher proportion of First Nations than non-Aboriginal investigations involved non-professional referrals, a pattern consistent with disparities in access to alternative services. Workers expressed concerns about multiple caregiver risk factor concerns for more than ½ of investigated First Nations families and, with the exception of "health issues", identified every caregiver/household risk factor examined in a greater percentage of First Nations than non-Aboriginal households. It would be extremely difficult to reduce First Nations overrepresentation at later decision points without addressing overrepresentation at the investigation-stage. Despite the serious needs of investigated First Nations families, alternatives to traditional child protection responses may be appropriate in many cases. If First Nations overrepresentation is to be reduced, child welfare agencies must be equipped to provide supports needed to help families address factors such as poverty, substance abuse, domestic violence, and lack of social supports. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Connecting to Special Collections of Children's Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brodie, Carolyn S.

2013-01-01

The Kent State University School of Library and Information Science serves as the home for two children's literature special collections. The Reinberger Children's Library Center is located on the third floor of Kent State's University Library and includes the Marantz Picturebook Collection for the Study of Picturebook Art. The Reinberger…

Teaching Children of Catastrophe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gay, Geneva

2007-01-01

Teaching children who are victims of Katrina is not a multicultural education issue per se. However, there are some intersections between the victims of Katrina and the educational responses to them, and some of the primary constituent groups and issues that multicultural education represents and intends to serve. These are children of color and…

Children's Attitudes toward Older Adults and Aging: A Synthesis of Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilbert, Cara N.; Ricketts, Kristina G.

2008-01-01

This paper serves as a summation of literature on children's attitudes toward older adults and aging. Research indicates that the vast amount of information available provides varying levels of understanding toward children's actual views of older adults. Differences between measurements, settings, and procedures stand as barriers in…

Brief Report: Theatre as Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corbett, Blythe A.; Gunther, Joan R.; Comins, Dan; Price, Jenifer; Ryan, Niles; Simon, David; Schupp, Clayton W.; Rios, Taylor

2011-01-01

The pilot investigation evaluated a theatrical intervention program, Social Emotional NeuroScience Endocrinology (SENSE) Theatre, designed to improve socioemotional functioning and reduce stress in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Eight children with ASD were paired with typically developing peers that served as expert models.…

Strength Training for Young Athletes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kraemer, William J.; Fleck, Steven J.

This guide is designed to serve as a resource for developing strength training programs for children. Chapter 1 uses research findings to explain why strength training is appropriate for children. Chapter 2 explains some of the important physiological concepts involved in children's growth and development as they apply to developing strength…

78 FR 12967 - Broadcast Services; Children's Television; Cable Operators

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-26

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 73 [MM Docket No. 00-167; FCC 04-221] Broadcast Services; Children's Television; Cable Operators AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Final... broadcasters to protect and serve children in their audience. DATES: The amendment to 47 CFR 73.3526(e)(11)(iii...

Teach "5 a Day" and the Pyramid for Better Nutrition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Child Care, 1999

1999-01-01

Reviews Food Guide Pyramid for fruits and vegetables for 2- to 6-year-old children. Identifies standard of five daily servings, defines children's portion sizes, presents guidelines for choosing appropriate foods, and suggests learning activities that use fruits and vegetables. Recommends 31 children's books about fruits and vegetables. (DLH)

Head Start of North Dakota, 2000-2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota State Dept. of Human Services, Bismarck. Div. of Children and Family Services.

The Head Start and Early Head Start programs are comprehensive child development programs, serving children from birth to age five, expectant mothers, and families with the goal of increasing the social competence of children in low-income families and children with disabilities, and improve their chances of success in school. This report…

The Developmental Costs and Benefits of Children's Involvement in Interparental Conflict

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davies, Patrick T.; Coe, Jesse L.; Martin, Meredith J.; Sturge-Apple, Melissa L.; Cummings, E. Mark

2015-01-01

Building on empirical documentation of children's involvement in interparental conflicts as a weak predictor of psychopathology, we tested the hypothesis that involvement in conflict more consistently serves as a moderator of associations between children's emotional reactivity to interparental conflict and their psychological problems. In Study…

The Expansive Educational Value of Puppets.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Currant, Nanda

1985-01-01

Puppets can serve as educational and therapeutic aids in working with children who have learning and/or emotional problems. Puppets help children express feelings, experience creativity, engage in role playing, and act out dreams. (CL)

Habit formation in children: Evidence from incentives for healthy eating.

PubMed

Loewenstein, George; Price, Joseph; Volpp, Kevin

2016-01-01

We present findings from a field experiment conducted at 40 elementary schools involving 8000 children and 400,000 child-day observations, which tested whether providing short-run incentives can create habit formation in children. Over a 3- or 5-week period, students received an incentive for eating a serving of fruits or vegetables during lunch. Relative to an average baseline rate of 39%, providing small incentives doubled the fraction of children eating at least one serving of fruits or vegetables. Two months after the end of the intervention, the consumption rate at schools remained 21% above baseline for the 3-week treatment and 44% above baseline for the 5-week treatment. These findings indicate that short-run incentives can produce changes in behavior that persist after incentives are removed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Unexplained head tilt following surgical treatment of congenital esotropia: a postural manifestation of dissociated vertical divergence

PubMed Central

Brodsky, M C; Jenkins, R; Nucci, P

2004-01-01

Background: Strabismus surgery for congenital esotropia can be complicated by the development of a postoperative head tilt. Purpose: To determine the pathophysiology of acquired head tilting following horizontal realignment of the eyes in children with congenital esotropia. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of nine children with congenital esotropia who developed unexplained head tilts following horizontal realignment of the eyes. Results: Shortly after strabismus surgery, each child developed a head tilt in association with asymmetrical dissociated vertical divergence (DVD). Five children maintained a head tilt toward the side of the fixing eye (group 1), which did not serve to control the DVD. Four children maintained a head tilt toward the side of the hyperdeviating eye, which served to control the DVD (group 2). Children in group 2 had earlier horizontal muscle surgery and developed better stereopsis than those in group 1, suggesting that the higher degree of single binocular vision and stereopsis in these children may have led to a compensatory torticollis to control an asymmetrical DVD. Conclusions: The onset of an unexpected head tilt after congenital esotropia surgery is usually a postural manifestation of asymmetrical DVD. In this setting, a head tilt toward the side of the fixing eye corresponds with a postural manifestation of the underlying central vestibular imbalance that produces DVD, while a head tilt toward the side of the hyperdeviating eye serves to counteract the hyperdeviation and stabilise binocular vision. PMID:14736789

Validation of the Portuguese self-administered computerised 24-hour dietary recall among second-, third- and fourth-grade children.

PubMed

Carvalho, M A; Baranowski, T; Foster, E; Santos, O; Cardoso, B; Rito, A; Pereira Miguel, J

2015-12-01

Current methods for assessing children's dietary intake, such as interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recall (24-h DR), are time consuming and resource intensive. Self-administered instruments offer a low-cost diet assessment method for use with children. The present study assessed the validity of the Portuguese self-administered, computerised, 24-h DR (PAC24) against the observation of school lunch. Forty-one, 7-10-year-old children from two elementary schools, in Lisbon, were observed during school lunch followed by completion of the PAC24 the next day. Accuracy for reporting items was measured in terms of matches, intrusions and omissions; accuracy for reporting amounts was measured in terms of arithmetic and absolute differences for matches and amounts for omissions and intrusions; and accuracy for reporting items and amounts combined was measured in terms of total inaccuracy. The ratio of the estimated weight of food consumed with the actual weight consumed was calculated along with the limits of agreement using the method of Bland and Altman. Comparison of PAC24 against observations at the food level resulted in values of 67.0% for matches, 11.5% for intrusions and 21.5% for omissions. The mean for total inaccuracy was 3.44 servings. For amounts, accuracy was high for matches (-0.17 and 0.23 servings for arithmetic and absolute differences, respectively) and lower for omissions (0.61 servings) and intrusions (0.55 servings). PAC24 was found to under-estimate the weight of food on average by 32% of actual intake. PAC24 is a lower-burden procedure for both respondents and researchers and, with slight modification, comprises a promising method for assessing diet among children. © 2014 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.

Evaluating the initial impact of the revised Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food packages on dietary intake and home food availability in African-American and Hispanic families.

PubMed

Odoms-Young, Angela M; Kong, Angela; Schiffer, Linda A; Porter, Summer J; Blumstein, Lara; Bess, Stephanie; Berbaum, Michael L; Fitzgibbon, Marian L

2014-01-01

The present study assessed the impact of the 2009 food packages mandated by the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on dietary intake and home food availability in low-income African-American and Hispanic parent/child dyads. A natural experiment was conducted to assess if the revised WIC food package altered dietary intake, home food availability, weight and various lifestyle measures immediately (6 months) following policy implementation. Twelve WIC clinics in Chicago, IL, USA. Two hundred and seventy-three Hispanic and African-American children aged 2-3 years, enrolled in WIC, and their mothers. Six months after the WIC food package revisions were implemented, we observed modest changes in dietary intake. Fruit consumption increased among Hispanic mothers (mean = 0·33 servings/d, P = 0·04) and low-fat dairy intake increased among Hispanic mothers (0·21 servings/d, P = 0·02), Hispanic children (0·34 servings/d, P < 0·001) and African-American children (0·24 servings/d, P = 0·02). Home food availability of low-fat dairy and whole grains also increased. Dietary changes, however, varied by racial/ethnic group. Changes in home food availability were not significantly correlated with changes in diet. The WIC food package revisions are one of the first efforts to modify the nutrition guidelines that govern foods provided in a federal food and nutrition assistance programme. It will be important to examine the longer-term impact of these changes on dietary intake and weight status.

Learning to be Seen: The Depiction of Encounters Between Israeli and Newcomer Children in Children's Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golden, Deborah; Drubetskoy, Tatyana

2005-01-01

Books written for and about children may serve to convey central cultural tenets to new members of society. This paper looks at the depiction of encounters between newcomer and locally born children in contemporary Hebrew literature aimed at teenage readers and presents the major resources and practices by means of which the newcomer protagonists…

The Relationship between Mothers and Children with Down Syndrome as Reflected in Drawings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lev-Wiesel, Rachel; Zeevi, Neomi

2007-01-01

This study examined the relationship between mothers and children with Down syndrome as reflected in the mothers' drawings of themselves and their disabled children. A sample of 20 mothers, 10 Bedouin-Arabs and 10 Jews, participated in the study. Of these, 10 mothers of children with Down syndrome served as the study group, and a matched group of…

Beyond the Clinic: Providing Services, Supports, and Connections to Help Children and Their Families Thrive

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nolan, Kevin J., Jr.

2013-01-01

As one of the premier pediatric hospitals in the United States, Boston Children's Hospital serves a wide range of children and provides top quality medical care, including a program for deaf and hard of hearing children that extends services beyond the medical scope. Within this program is a unique and particularly critical position--that of…

Literacy Progress of Young Children from Poor Urban Settings: A Reading Recovery Comparison Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burroughs-Lange, Sue; Douetil, Julia

2007-01-01

This naturalistic inquiry evaluated the impact of early literacy intervention on children in London schools. The progress, in the 2005-06 school year, was compared for 234 of the lowest-achieving children in 42 schools serving disadvantaged urban areas. The children, aged around 6 years who received Reading Recovery in their schools, were compared…

Behind from the Start: Prevention Programs Not Reaching Many Minnesota Children. Minnesota Kids Count.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kids Count Minnesota, Minneapolis.

This report examines three federal programs (Head Start, WIC--special supplemental food program for Women, Infants, and Children, and immunization) designed to prepare children for a healthy start in life and school and shows, county-by-county, how well Minnesota children are served. It notes that during 1992-93, only 31 percent of eligible…

Parents served by assertive community treatment: parenting needs, services, and attitudes.

PubMed

White, Laura M; McGrew, John H; Salyers, Michelle P

2013-03-01

Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is an evidence-based practice for individuals with severe mental illness. Although at least half of all people with severe mental illness are parents, little is known about their experiences as parents and as recipients of mental health interventions like ACT. The purpose of the current study was to examine the experiences of parent consumers served by ACT. Seventeen parents being served by ACT teams were interviewed about parenting, parenting needs, severe mental illness, satisfaction with ACT services, and suggestions for improved parent-focused treatment services. All parents identified at least one positive aspect of parenting and most parents (77%) also identified negative aspects of parenting. Loss of custody emerged as a significant parenting problem, with most parents (88%) experiencing custody loss at least once. Parents expressed interest in numerous parent-focused services, including family therapy, parenting skills, communication skills training, resources for children, and peer support groups. Most participants with adult children (88%) reported having no unmet parent-related needs and high satisfaction (4.63 of 5) with ACT services, whereas parents with young children (78%) reported having several unmet parenting needs and relatively lower satisfaction (3.78 out of 5) with ACT services. The ACT treatment model may not be adequately serving parents of young, dependent children. Findings suggest the need for more attention and focus on parent consumers, including identification of parental status and improved parent-related treatment services and support. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved

Three Justifications for Effectively Teaching Exceptional Babies to Third Grade with Respect to Their Characteristics, an Effective Curricula, and an Exceptional-Research Data Base

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaramillo, James Anthony Montrose

2013-01-01

Both Pre-K and K-3rd grade exceptional or talented children/students not only want but need more of an "accommodative" ambiance where their senses are given novel multiple-intelligences data so that they can continue to intellectually grow with respect to Piaget, Erickson, and Vygotsky's developmental schemes. Thus, to do this requires us to…

Awareness, Facilitators, and Barriers to Policy Implementation Related to Obesity Prevention for Primary School Children in Malaysia.

PubMed

Chan, Camelina; Moy, Foong Ming; Lim, Jennifer N W; Dahlui, Maznah

2018-03-01

To assess the awareness, facilitators, and barriers to policy implementation related to obesity prevention for primary school children. A cross-sectional study administered using an online questionnaire. Conducted in 447 primary schools in a state in Malaysia. One school administrator from each school served as a participant. The questionnaires consisted of 32 items on awareness, policy implementation, and facilitators and barriers to policy implementation. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the awareness, facilitators, and barriers of policies implementation. Association between schools' characteristics and policy implementation was assessed using logistic regression. The majority (90%) of school administrators were aware of the policies. However, only 50% to 70% of schools had implemented the policies fully. Reported barriers were lack of equipment, insufficient training, and limited time to complete implementation. Facilitators of policy implementation were commitment from the schools, staff members, students, and canteen operators. Policy implementation was comparable in all school types and locality; except the policy on "Food and Drinks sold at the school canteens" was implemented by more rural schools compared to urban schools (odds ratio: 1.74, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-2.69). Majority of the school administrators were aware of the existing policies; however, the implementation was only satisfactory. The identified barriers to policy implementation were modifiable and thus, the stakeholders should consider restrategizing plans in overcoming them.

Computer Use and Behavior Problems in Twice-Exceptional Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alloway, Tracy Packiam; Elsworth, Miquela; Miley, Neal; Seckinger, Sean

2016-01-01

This pilot study investigated how engagement with computer games and TV exposure may affect behaviors of gifted students. We also compared behavioral and cognitive profiles of twice-exceptional students and children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Gifted students were divided into those with behavioral problems and those…

Exceptional Children Research Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, G. Orville, Ed.; Blank, Harriett D., Ed.

Research reviews are presented for eight areas of exceptionality and for administration. Included are the following reports: 16 on the gifted compiled by Edward C. Frierson; 46 on the mentally retarded reviewed by Howard H. Spicker and Nettie R. Bartel; 20 on the visually impaired presented by William J. Tisdall; 44 on the hearing impaired…

Counseling Exceptional Individuals and Their Families: A Systems Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Volker; Ray, Karen E.

2006-01-01

This article presents three models of counseling exceptional students from a systems perspective. The authors present their definition of counseling, the goals of counseling, and the counseling relationship from a systems perspective. Each model is described, including assessment and intervention techniques appropriate for working with children,…

A Left-Hemisphere Model for Right-Hemisphere Programmers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krantz, Gordon C.

The paper presents an action-and-decision (left-hemisphere) algorithm as a model for planning by holistic, intuitive (right-hemisphere) managers of service programs, including programs for exceptional children. Because the model is not based upon an established literature in the field of service to exceptional individuals, and because it appears…

Exceptional Child Education at the Bicentennial: A Parade of Progress.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jordan, June B., Ed.

Presented are 13 papers, interviews, and discussions reviewing historical trends in the provision of educational services for handicapped children and youth. Entries are included with the following titles: "Three Dimensions of Exceptional Child Education at the Bicentennial" (J. Nazzaro and B. Aiello); "U.S. Congress Reviewing Stand--Interviews…

What's Going On Here? A Collection of Exceptional Practices in Idaho. (SCAT Project, Title VI-G).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGuigan, Corrine; And Others

Described are 60 educational practices for use with exceptional children in regular, special, or resource room programs. Practices are organized into the following categories: initial assessment, goals, objectives, instruction, classroom organization and management, measurement, interventions, and on-going assessments. Provided for each practice…

Special Experiences for Exceptional Students: Integrating Virtual Reality into Special Education Classrooms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Erez Cedric

This paper discusses some of the potential benefits and hazards that virtual reality holds for exceptional children in the special education system. Topics addressed include (1) applications of virtual reality, including developing academic skills via cyberspace, vocational training, and social learning in cyberspace; (2) telepresence and distance…

Standards for Teachers of Students with Physical and Health Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Joni L.

2007-01-01

The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) has been involved in the development of standards for teachers of students with exceptional learning needs since 1922. These standards drive the curriculum of institutions of higher education and state licensing requirements. The Division for Physical and Health Disabilities assisted in developing…

Feeling Abnormal: Simulation of Deviancy in Abnormal and Exceptionality Courses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fernald, Charles D.

1980-01-01

Describes activity in which student in abnormal psychology and psychology of exceptional children classes personally experience being judged abnormal. The experience allows the students to remember relevant research, become sensitized to the feelings of individuals classified as deviant, and use caution in classifying individuals as abnormal.…

Creativity: A Selective Bibliography. Exceptional Child Bibliography Series No. 667.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ERIC Clearinghouse on Handicapped and Gifted Children, Reston, VA.

The annotated bibliography on creativity contains approximately 150 abstracts and associated indexing information for documents published from 1961 to 1973 and selected from the computer files of the Council for Exceptional Children's Information Services and the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). It is explained that titles were…

21 CFR 201.314 - Labeling of drug preparations containing salicylates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... aspirin, salicylamide, other salicylates, and combinations) must conspicuously bear, on a clearly... reach of children [highlighted in bold type],” except that if the article is an aspirin preparation, it...) Aspirin tablets sold as such and containing no other active ingredients, except tablets which cannot be...

21 CFR 201.314 - Labeling of drug preparations containing salicylates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... aspirin, salicylamide, other salicylates, and combinations) must conspicuously bear, on a clearly... reach of children [highlighted in bold type],” except that if the article is an aspirin preparation, it...) Aspirin tablets sold as such and containing no other active ingredients, except tablets which cannot be...

21 CFR 201.314 - Labeling of drug preparations containing salicylates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... aspirin, salicylamide, other salicylates, and combinations) must conspicuously bear, on a clearly... reach of children [highlighted in bold type],” except that if the article is an aspirin preparation, it...) Aspirin tablets sold as such and containing no other active ingredients, except tablets which cannot be...

21 CFR 201.314 - Labeling of drug preparations containing salicylates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... aspirin, salicylamide, other salicylates, and combinations) must conspicuously bear, on a clearly... reach of children [highlighted in bold type],” except that if the article is an aspirin preparation, it...) Aspirin tablets sold as such and containing no other active ingredients, except tablets which cannot be...

21 CFR 201.314 - Labeling of drug preparations containing salicylates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... aspirin, salicylamide, other salicylates, and combinations) must conspicuously bear, on a clearly... reach of children [highlighted in bold type],” except that if the article is an aspirin preparation, it...) Aspirin tablets sold as such and containing no other active ingredients, except tablets which cannot be...

Apples to Apples: An Evaluation of Charter Schools Serving General Student Populations. Education Working Paper No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greene, Jay P.; Forster, Greg; Winters, Marcus A.

2003-01-01

Despite the fact that charter schools serve over 684,000 children nationwide, they remain a poorly studied form of education reform. This is primarily because many charter schools serve targeted populations such as at-risk, disabled, or delinquent students, which makes it very difficult for researchers to draw a fair comparison between charter…

Double trouble: Portion size and energy density combine to increase preschool children's lunch intake.

PubMed

Kling, Samantha M R; Roe, Liane S; Keller, Kathleen L; Rolls, Barbara J

2016-08-01

Both portion size and energy density (ED) have substantial effects on intake; however, their combined effects on preschool children's intake have not been examined when multiple foods are varied at a meal. We tested the effects on intake of varying the portion size and ED of lunches served to children in their usual eating environment. In a crossover design, lunch was served in 3 childcare centers once a week for 6weeks to 120 children aged 3-5y. Across the 6 meals, all items were served at 3 levels of portion size (100%, 150%, or 200%) and 2 levels of ED (100% or 142%). The lunch menu had either lower-ED or higher-ED versions of chicken, macaroni and cheese, vegetables, applesauce, ketchup, and milk. Children's ratings of the foods indicated that the lower-ED and higher-ED meals were similarly well liked. The total weight of food and milk consumed at meals was increased by serving larger portions (P<0.0001) but was unaffected by varying the ED (P=0.22). Meal energy intake, however, was independently affected by portion size and ED (both P<0.0001). Doubling the portions increased energy intake by 24% and increasing meal ED by 42% increased energy intake by 40%. These effects combined to increase intake by 175±12kcal or 79% at the higher-ED meal with the largest portions compared to the lower-ED meal with the smallest portions. The foods contributing the most to this increase were chicken, macaroni and cheese, and applesauce. The effects of meal portion size and ED on intake were not influenced by child age or body size, but were significantly affected by parental ratings of child eating behavior. Strategically moderating the portion size and ED of foods typically consumed by children could substantially reduce their energy intake without affecting acceptability. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage and Water Intake in Relation to Diet Quality in U.S. Children.

PubMed

Leung, Cindy W; DiMatteo, S Gemma; Gosliner, Wendi A; Ritchie, Lorrene D

2018-03-01

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major contributor to children's added sugar consumption. This study examines whether children's SSB and water intakes are associated with diet quality and total energy intake. Using data on children aged 2-18 years from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, linear regression models were used to analyze SSB and water intake in relation to Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) scores and total energy intake. Generalized linear models were used to analyze SSB and water intake in relation to the HEI-2010 scores. Analyses were conducted including and excluding caloric contributions from SSBs and were conducted in 2016-2017. SSB intake was inversely associated with the HEI-2010 total scores (9.5-point lower score comparing more than two servings/day with zero servings/day, p-trend<0.0001) and positively associated with total energy intake (394 kcal higher comparing more than two servings/day with zero servings/day, p-trend<0.0001). The associations between SSB and HEI-2010 total scores were similar when SSBs were excluded from HEI-2010 calculations. Water intake was positively associated with HEI-2010 total scores, but not associated with total energy intake. SSB intake was inversely associated with several HEI-2010 component scores, notably vegetables, total fruit, whole fruit, greens and beans, whole grains, dairy, seafood and plant proteins, and empty calories. Water intake was positively associated with most of the same HEI-2010 component scores. Children who consume SSBs have poorer diet quality and higher total energy intake than children who do not consume SSBs. Interventions for obesity and chronic disease should focus on replacing SSBs with water and improving other aspects of diet quality that correlate with SSB consumption. Copyright © 2017 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Spatial language, question type, and young children's ability to describe clothing: Legal and developmental implications.

PubMed

Stolzenberg, Stacia N; McWilliams, Kelly; Lyon, Thomas D

2017-08-01

Children's descriptions of clothing placement and touching with respect to clothing are central to assessing child sexual abuse allegations. This study examined children's ability to answer the types of questions attorneys and interviewers typically ask about clothing, using the most common spatial terms (on/off, outside/inside, over/under). Ninety-seven 3- to 6-year-olds were asked yes/no (e.g., "Is the shirt on?"), forced-choice (e.g., "Is the shirt on or off?"), open-choice (e.g., "Is the shirt on or off or something else?"), or where questions (e.g., "Where is the shirt?") about clothing using a human figurine, clothing, and stickers. Across question types, children generally did well with simple clothing or sticker placement (e.g., pants completely on), except for yes/no questions about "over," suggesting children had an underinclusive understanding of the word. When clothing or sticker placement was intermediate (e.g., pants around ankles, and therefore neither completely on nor off), children performed poorly except when asked where questions. A similar task using only stickers and boxes, analogous to forensic interviewers' assessments of children's understanding, was only weakly predictive of children's ability to describe clothing. The results suggest that common methods of questioning young children about clothing may lead to substantial misinterpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

20 CFR 645.215 - What must a WtW operating entity that serves noncustodial parent participants do?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... and children who may be at risk of domestic violence, the operating entity must consult with domestic violence prevention and intervention organizations in the development of its WtW project serving...

7 CFR 210.6 - Use of Federal funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... lunches and meal supplements served in accordance with the provisions of this part; except that, with the... food authorities may be made at such times and in such amounts as are necessary to meet the current...

7 CFR 210.6 - Use of Federal funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... lunches and meal supplements served in accordance with the provisions of this part; except that, with the... food authorities may be made at such times and in such amounts as are necessary to meet the current...

75 FR 49013 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Request and Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-12

... countries to eliminate double Social Security coverage and taxation where, except for the provisions of the... of coverage. The certificate serves as proof of exemption from coverage and taxation under the system...

From policy to practice: Addressing snack quality, consumption, and price in afterschool programs

PubMed Central

Beets, Michael W.; Tilley, Falon; Weaver, Robert G.; Turner-McGrievy, Brie; Moore, Justin B.; Webster, Collin

2013-01-01

Objective To evaluate a community partnership between afterschool programs (ASPs) and grocery store to provide discounted pricing on snacks to meet the National Afterschool Association Healthy Eating Standards that call for serving a fruit/vegetable (FV) daily, while eliminating sugar-based foods/beverages. Methods A single-group, pre- with multiple post-test design (Spring 2011–2013) in four large-scale ASPs serving 500 children/day was used along with direct observation of snacks served, consumed, and cost. Results At baseline FV, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and desserts were served 0.1±0.5, 1.7±2.0, and 2.0±1.4 days/wk. By Spring 2013, FV increased to 5.0±0.0 days/wk, while SSB and desserts were eliminated. Eighty-four percent of children consumed the fruit; 59% consumed the vegetables. Cost associated with purchasing snacks resulted in a $2,000–$3,000 savings over a standard 180day school year. Conclusions and Implications This partnership can serve as a model for successfully meeting nutrition policies established for ASP snacks. PMID:24268299

Head Start Evaluation and Research Center, University of Kansas. Report No. VIII, Physical Development of Children in the Head Start Program in the Central United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bass, William; And Others

Information on the nutritional habits of 154 Head Start children from rural, small city, and metropol tan areas in the central United States was obtained from questionnaires answered by the children's mothers. The information was restricted to what foods the children liked and disliked, except that a determination of the quantity of milk consumed…

How Children Can Benefit from the Transition to Digital TV: Putting the Remote Control Back into the Hands of Parents. Policy Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benton Foundation, 2004

2004-01-01

Today, parents are struggling to ensure that their children have the education and skills they need to compete and win in the 21st century economy. But children spend more time watching television than any other activity except sleeping--and for many parents that is cause for concern. In fact, children spend 4 times as much time each week…

Peer Tutoring as a Technique for Teaching the Unmotivated

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohan, Madan

1971-01-01

In an 8-month peer tutoring program, unmotivated children in grades 7 and 8 tutored unmotivated children in grades 2 and 3. Improvements in attitude and behavior resulted for both tutors and tutees, with the exception of one emotionally disturbed child. (MK)

Preschool Curriculum for Exceptional Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelley-Saur, Cheryl

The curriculum guide for use with preschool handicapped children provides 28 activity units as well as general teaching suggestions. An initial section covers ideas for adapting activities to specific handicapping conditions including the visually impaired, hearing impaired, physically handicapped, and mentally disabled. Subsections also cover…

Education Outside of the Box: Homeschooling Your Gifted or Twice-Exceptional Child

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodwin, Corin Barsily; Gustavson, Mika

2012-01-01

Gifted children are children first, and they have educational and social-emotional needs that run all over the map. Anyone who knows gifted children is familiar with the sudden shifts within a child who might be doing high school level scientific study, handwriting at a third grade level, display the wit and wisdom of a middle aged adult, and…

The Living Conditions of U.S.-Born Children of Mexican Immigrants in Unmarried Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Padilla, Yolanda C.; Radey, Melissa Dalton; Hummer, Robert A.; Kim, Eunjeong

2006-01-01

Recent research has brought attention to the hardship faced by children of immigrants in the United States, particularly in the Mexican-origin population. In this study, the authors are concerned with the extent to which U.S.-born children of Mexican immigrants who live in unmarried families may face exceptional risks. Using data from the Fragile…

The Performance of Preschoolers with Speech/Language Disorders on the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morgan, Robert L.; And Others

1992-01-01

Administered McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities to preschool children of normal intelligence with (n=25) and without (n=25) speech/language disorders. Speech/language disorders group had significantly lower scores on all scales except Motor; showed difficulty in short-term auditory memory skills but not in visual memory skills; and had…

Nonpoor Children in Head Start: Explanations and Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Besharov, Douglas J.; Morrow, Jeffrey S.

2007-01-01

According to the Head Start Act (1998), children are income-eligible for the program if their "families' incomes are below the poverty line." There are a number of statutory exceptions to this general rule and, according to the Head Start Bureau, the result is that about 6 percent of the children in the program are not poor. But the major national…

Health of School Children - II: Contributions from American Medical Journals, July 1914 to July 1915. Bulletin, 1915, No. 50

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heck, W. H., Comp.

1915-01-01

Children spend more time in school than anywhere else with the exception of home. This bulletin provides information to help support healthy and productive school environments for our nation's school children. It contains contributions from American Medical Journals, compiled from the year July, 1914 through July 1915. The following contents are…

The Relationship between Children's Gaze Reporting and Theory of Mind

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

D'Entremont, Barbara; Seamans, Elizabeth; Boudreau, Elyse

2012-01-01

Seventy-nine 3- and 4-year-old children were tested on gaze-reporting ability and Wellman and Liu's (2004) continuous measure of theory of mind (ToM). Children were better able to report where someone was looking when eye and head direction were provided as a cue compared with when only eye direction cues were provided. With the exception of…

Management and outcome of chemotherapy for childhood tuberculosis. Medical Research Council Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases Unit.

PubMed Central

1989-01-01

The management and outcome of chemotherapy is reported for 393 children with tuberculosis notified in 1983 (191 (49%) of white, 155 (39%) of Indian, Pakistani, or Bangladeshi, and 47 (12%) of other ethnic origins). Most (313) had respiratory disease, 65 had extrathoracic lymph node disease, and 15 had both. Only 15 (4%) of the 390 children for whom information was available did not complete chemotherapy, 10 because of default. All except 23 (6%) of the children known to have completed chemotherapy received isoniazid and rifampicin, 194 (52%) without additional drugs, 126 (34%) with ethambutol, eight (2%) with pyrazinamide, and seven (2%) with both drugs in the initial phase. The median duration of treatment was nine months. At the time they were last seen, all except six of the 375 children who completed chemotherapy were classified by the clinician as cured either on the primary course of chemotherapy (348, 93%) or after modification for failure or relapse (11.3%), or toxicity (10.3%). The remaining children were still on treatment for relapse (n = 2) or had defaulted from follow up (n = 4). PMID:2629621

Longitudinal Behavioral Effects of a School-Based Fruit and Vegetable Promotion Program

PubMed Central

Franko, Debra L.; Thompson, Douglas R.; Power, Thomas J.; Stallings, Virginia A.

2010-01-01

Objective This study examined the longitudinal effects of a school-based program on kindergarten and first grade children's fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption. Methods The program included lunchroom, classroom, school-wide, and family components. The primary dependent variable, F&V consumed at lunch, was assessed using weighed plate waste. Hierarchical linear models were used to analyze the differences between intervention and control groups and to account for repeated measurements. Results Children in the experimental group consumed more F&V (F = 29 g; V = 6 g; 0.43 portions/lunch; 0.28 servings/lunch) at the end of Year 1 compared with children in the control group. At the end of Year 2, children in the experimental group consumed more fruit (21 g; 0.23 portions/lunch; 0.15 servings/lunch), but not more vegetables compared with children in the control group. Conclusions The intervention resulted in increased F&V consumption, with more pronounced and enduring effects for fruits than vegetables. PMID:19439567

The impact of image-size manipulation and sugar content on children's cereal consumption.

PubMed

Neyens, E; Aerts, G; Smits, T

2015-12-01

Previous studies have demonstrated that portion sizes and food energy-density influence children's eating behavior. However, the potential effects of front-of-pack image-sizes of serving suggestions and sugar content have not been tested. Using a mixed experimental design among young children, this study examines the effects of image-size manipulation and sugar content on cereal and milk consumption. Children poured and consumed significantly more cereal and drank significantly more milk when exposed to a larger sized image of serving suggestion as compared to a smaller image-size. Sugar content showed no main effects. Nevertheless, cereal consumption only differed significantly between small and large image-sizes when sugar content was low. An advantage of this study was the mundane setting in which the data were collected: a school's dining room instead of an artificial lab. Future studies should include a control condition, with children eating by themselves to reflect an even more natural context. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Teaching Text Structure: Examining the Affordances of Children's Informational Texts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Cindy D.; Clark, Sarah K.; Reutzel, D. Ray

2016-01-01

This study investigated the affordances of informational texts to serve as model texts for teaching text structure to elementary school children. Content analysis of a random sampling of children's informational texts from top publishers was conducted on text structure organization and on the inclusion of text features as signals of text…

Connecting with Communities: Four Successful Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simons, Kate Anderson; Curtis, Patrick A.

2007-01-01

The average public school serving children who are economically disadvantaged cannot afford to provide the above-average education that many of these children need to achieve at the same levels as their more advantaged peers. It becomes necessary for schools to ask, "Who else has the resources to help children succeed?" Because of these…

The Delivery of Services to Children with Deaf-Blindness in West Virginia. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West Virginia State Dept. of Education, Charleston.

This final report describes activities and accomplishments of a 3-year federally supported project to improve special education and related services for children with deaf-blindness in West Virginia. The project served 94 children with deaf-blindness, their families, and service providers throughout the state. Activities and achievements are…

Three Perspectives on: Children's Classics in a Non-Classical Age

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fadiman, Clifton

1972-01-01

Along with pioneering thrusts into new thematic territory for children's literature has come experimentation in form, style, and technique, even more marked in the field of illustration than in verbal narrative. This article serves as an introduction to contributions by English, French and American experts on children's literature. (Author/SJ)

40 CFR 7.165 - Special benefits for children and the elderly.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... elderly. 7.165 Section 7.165 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GENERAL... Discrimination Prohibited on the Basis of Age § 7.165 Special benefits for children and the elderly. If a recipient operating a program which serves the elderly or children in addition to persons of other ages...

40 CFR 7.165 - Special benefits for children and the elderly.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... elderly. 7.165 Section 7.165 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GENERAL... Discrimination Prohibited on the Basis of Age § 7.165 Special benefits for children and the elderly. If a recipient operating a program which serves the elderly or children in addition to persons of other ages...

75 FR 5877 - Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP): Amendment Removing Priority Given to Women, Infants...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-05

... Supplemental Food Program (CSFP): Amendment Removing Priority Given to Women, Infants, and Children Before the... removing the priority given to women, infants, and children before the elderly in program participation, in... CSFP if funds were available after all women, infants, and children were first served. Section 4221 of...

Classroom Age Composition and Rates of Change in School Readiness for Children Enrolled in Head Start

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Elizabeth R.; Greenfield, Daryl B.; Bulotsky-Shearer, Rebecca J.

2013-01-01

Despite policy and theoretical support for mixed-age classrooms in early childhood, research examining associations between age-mixing and children's outcomes is inconclusive and warrants further investigation, particularly in preschools serving children who are at risk for poor adjustment to formal schooling. One recent study conducted in…

Mothers of Children with Severe Mental Retardation: Maternal Pessimism, Locus of Control and Perceived Social Support.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rimmerman, Arie

1991-01-01

This study, involving 24 Israeli mothers of children (average age 3.3) with severe mental retardation, found that the mothers' locus of control and perception of social support (belonging, appraisal, tangible support, and self-esteem) serve as buffers against parental pessimism concerning their severely handicapped children. (JDD)

Coming Together for Children: Six Community Partnerships Make a Big Difference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friedman, Susan

2007-01-01

Community partnerships serving young children and families take many forms. This article presents six community partnerships that are engaged in innovative and creative approaches to learning. These programs have varied goals, but they share a common focus on linking community resources to enhance learning opportunities for the children and…