40 CFR 52.331 - Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... PM10 areas. 52.331 Section 52.331 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Colorado § 52.331 Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas. On April 14, 1989, the Governor submitted a Committal SIP...

40 CFR 52.331 - Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PM10 areas. 52.331 Section 52.331 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Colorado § 52.331 Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas. On April 14, 1989, the Governor submitted a Committal SIP...

40 CFR 52.331 - Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PM10 areas. 52.331 Section 52.331 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Colorado § 52.331 Committal SIP for the Colorado Group II PM10 areas. On April 14, 1989, the Governor submitted a Committal SIP...

76 FR 41158 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-13

...EPA is proposing a limited approval and a limited disapproval of a revision to the West Virginia State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the State of West Virginia through the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) on June 18, 2008, that addresses regional haze for the first implementation period. This revision addresses the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and EPA's rules that require states to prevent any future, and remedy any existing, anthropogenic impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas caused by emissions of air pollutants from numerous sources located over a wide geographic area (also referred to as the ``regional haze program''). States are required to assure reasonable progress toward the national goal of achieving natural visibility conditions in Class I areas. EPA is proposing a limited approval of this SIP revision to implement the regional haze requirements for West Virginia on the basis that the revision, as a whole, strengthens the West Virginia SIP. Also in this action, EPA is proposing a limited disapproval of this same SIP revision because of the deficiencies in the State's June 2008 regional haze SIP submittal arising from the remand by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (D.C. Circuit) to EPA of the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). EPA is also proposing to approve this revision as meeting the requirements of 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) and 110(a)(2)(J), relating to visibility protection for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and the 1997 and 2006 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) NAAQS.

Response to Question Regarding the Use of the Growth Allowance Contained in Part D SIPs Under the CAA for Areas Included in the Post 1987 SIP Call

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document may be of assistance in applying the New Source Review (NSR) air permitting regulations including the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements. This document is part of the NSR Policy and Guidance Database. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

Guidance for creating annual on-road mobile source emission inventories for PM2.5 nonattainment areas for use in SIPs and conformity.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-08-01

The purpose of this document is to provide areas that are nonattainment or maintenance for the annual PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (standard) with guidance on developing annual PM2.5 on-road motor vehicle emissions estimates to m...

Geoelectrical Monitoring of Ammonium Sorption Processes in a Biochar Filtration System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, S. L.; Osei, C.; Rabinovich, A.; Ntarlagiannis, D.; Rouff, A.

2017-12-01

With the rise of modern agriculture, nutrient pollution has become an increasingly important environmental concern. A common problem is excess nitrogen which agricultural livestock farms often generate in the form of ammonium (NH4+). This highly soluble ion is easily transported through runoff and leaching, leading to water supply contamination and soil fertility decline. Biochar is the carbon-rich product of thermal decomposition of biomass in an oxygen-free environment. It is primarily used as a soil enhancer with other applications currently under research. Biochar's unique characteristics such as high surface area, high sorption capacity and long term biological and chemical stability make it a prime candidate for environmental applications such as contaminant regulation and waste effluent treatment. The spectral induced polarization (SIP) method is an established geoelectrical method that has been increasingly used in environmental investigations. SIP is unique among geophysical methods because it is sensitive not only to the bulk properties of the medium under investigation but also to the interfacial properties (e.g., mineral-fluid). The unique properties that make biochar attractive for environmental use are associated with surface properties (e.g., surface area, surface charge, presence of functional groups) that are expected to have a profound effect on SIP signals. This study presents early results on the use of the SIP method to monitor ammonium recycling of swine wastewater in a biochar filtration system. SIP measurements were taken continuously as biochar-packed columns were first injected with an ammonium wastewater solution (sorption phase) and then an ammonium-free solution (desorption phase). Geochemical monitoring showed that outflow ammonium concentration decreased during the sorption phase and increased during the desorption phase. The collected SIP data appear to be in agreement with the geochemical monitoring, providing a temporally continuous record of changes on the waste fluid and biochar surface. The results suggest that biochar successfully sorbs and releases ammonium and that the SIP method is sensitive these sorption processes. Further research is required for the quantitative interpretation of the SIP signals, including the signal source mechanism.

Incorporating Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Programs in State Implementation Plans (SIPs)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This EPA memorandum provides guidance and sets forth policy and interpretation regarding the granting of explicit State Implementation Plan (SIP) credit for Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Programs (VMEPs) under section 110 of the Clean Air Act.

77 FR 24148 - Revision to the Hawaii State Implementation Plan, Minor New Source Review Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-23

... Hawaii State Implementation Plan, Minor New Source Review Program AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency... final action to approve revisions to the Hawaii State Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions would update and replace the minor new source review rules that EPA approved into the Hawaii SIP in 1983. DATES...

77 FR 11744 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Tennessee: Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-28

... New Source Review (NSR) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program. Specifically, the SIP... modification projects become subject to Tennessee's PSD permitting requirements for GHG emissions. This rule... thresholds in the Tennessee SIP for GHG PSD requirements. EPA is approving Tennessee's January 11, 2012, SIP...

77 FR 30212 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Vermont; Regional Haze

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Vermont; Regional Haze AGENCY: Environmental Protection... Implementation Plan (SIP) that addresses regional haze for the first planning period from 2008 through 2018. The... numerous sources located over a wide geographic area (also referred to as the ``regional haze program...

76 FR 22038 - Revision to the South Coast Portion of the California State Implementation Plan, CPV Sentinel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-20

... California SIP. This source-specific SIP revision is known as the CPV Sentinel Energy Project AB 1318... list of those emissions credits. The Sentinel Energy Project is a source that is not authorized to... District to transfer certain emissions credits to one stationary source, the Sentinel Energy Project. The...

77 FR 60053 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Delaware; Requirements for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-02

... Deterioration and Nonattainment New Source Review; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) AGENCY: Environmental... preconstruction permitting requirements for fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) into the Delaware SIP. In addition... fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) into the Delaware SIP. In addition, EPA proposed approval of SIP...

75 FR 71018 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-22

... and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Prevention of Significant Deterioration and... Plan (SIP) submitted by the State of Georgia in three submittals dated October 31, 2006, March 5, 2007... Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) permitting rules in the SIP to address changes to the federal New Source...

The role of groundwater discharge fluxes on Si:P ratios in a major tributary to Lake Erie.

PubMed

Maavara, Taylor; Slowinski, Stephanie; Rezanezhad, Fereidoun; Van Meter, Kimberly; Van Cappellen, Philippe

2018-05-01

Groundwater discharge can be a major source of nutrients to river systems. Although quantification of groundwater nitrate loading to streams is common, the dependence of surface water silicon (Si) and phosphorus (P) concentrations on groundwater sources has rarely been determined. Additionally, the ability of groundwater discharge to drive surface water Si:P ratios has not been contextualized relative to riverine inputs or in-stream transformations. In this study, we quantify the seasonal dynamics of Si and P cycles in the Grand River (GR) watershed, the largest Canadian watershed draining into Lake Erie, to test our hypothesis that regions of Si-rich groundwater discharge increase surface water Si:P ratios. Historically, both the GR and Lake Erie have been considered stoichiometrically P-limited, where the molar Si:P ratio is greater than the ~16:1 phytoplankton uptake ratio. However, recent trends suggest that eastern Lake Erie may be approaching Si-limitation. We sampled groundwater and surface water for dissolved and reactive particulate Si as well as total dissolved P for 12months within and downstream of a 50-km reach of high groundwater discharge. Our results indicate that groundwater Si:P ratios are lower than the corresponding surface water and that groundwater is a significant source of bioavailable P to surface water. Despite these observations, the watershed remains P-limited for the majority of the year, with localized periods of Si-limitation. We further find that groundwater Si:P ratios are a relatively minor driver of surface water Si:P, but that the magnitude of Si and P loads from groundwater represent a large proportion of the overall fluxes to Lake Erie. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

77 FR 67767 - Revision to the South Coast Portion of the California State Implementation Plan, CPV Sentinel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-14

...'') portion of the California SIP. This source-specific SIP revision is known as the CPV Sentinel Energy... South Coast Portion of the California State Implementation Plan, CPV Sentinel Energy Project AB 1318... Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking final action to approve a source-specific State Implementation...

78 FR 4804 - Revision to the Washington State Implementation Plan; Tacoma-Pierce County Nonattainment Area

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-23

... Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) dated November 28, 2012... Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). Second, EPA is proposing to approve updated rules submitted by Ecology... emissions. II. Summary of SIP Revision Ecology's November 28, 2012 SIP revision contains two elements for...

77 FR 27162 - Notice of Data Availability Supporting Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-09

...EPA proposed on April 25, 2012 (77 FR 24794) to take action on a revision to the state implementation plan (SIP) addressing regional haze submitted by the State of New York. In that proposal, EPA proposed to address through a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) certain requirements not addressed in New York's regional haze SIP submission or, alternatively, to approve a substantively identical SIP revision by New York, should the State timely submit such a revision. In two letters dated April 16, 2012, New York submitted additional materials relevant to our proposed action on its regional haze SIP submission, including proposed SIP revisions addressing the requirements for best available retrofit technology controls (BART) for a number of sources. EPA is providing notice of availability of these materials. The comment period on EPA's proposed action on the New York regional haze SIP closes on June 18, 2010.

78 FR 27898 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions; Infrastructure Requirements for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-13

... arithmetic mean PM 2.5 concentration from single or multiple community- oriented monitors, and 65 [mu]g/m\\3...-oriented monitor within an area. In addition, the 24-hour PM 10 standard was revised to be based on the...): Stationary source monitoring and reporting. 110(a)(2)(G): Emergency powers. 110(a)(2)(H): Future SIP...

77 FR 21453 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Colorado; Revisions to New Source...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-10

...EPA is approving those revisions adopted by the State of Colorado on April 16, 2004 to Regulation No. 3 (Stationary Source Permitting and Air Pollutant Emission Notice Requirements) that incorporate EPA's December 31, 2002 NSR Reforms. Colorado submitted the request for approval of these rule revisions into the State Implementation Plan (SIP) on July 11, 2005 and supplemented its request on October 25, 2005. EPA is approving only the portions of Colorado's revisions to Regulation Number 3 that relate to the prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) and non-attainment new source review (NSR) construction permit programs of the State of Colorado. Other revisions, renumberings, additions, or deletions to Regulation No. 3 made by Colorado as part of the April 16, 2004 final rulemaking are being acted on by EPA in a separate final action related to Colorado's Interstate Transport SIP (see proposed action at 76 FR 21835, April 19, 2011). Colorado has a federally approved NSR program for new and modified sources impacting attainment and non-attainment areas in the State. This action is being taken under section 110 of the Clean Air Act (CAA).

78 FR 67952 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Mississippi; Transportation Conformity SIP...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-13

... effective date of the nonattainment area (NAA) designations. See 40 CFR 51.390(c). On April 30, 2012, EPA... in the 8- hour ozone Memphis NAA.\\2\\ The Memphis Urban Area MPO \\3\\ is within the Memphis Area and is... and/or update their respective transportation conformity SIPs for the Memphis NAA in separate...

78 FR 32135 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Atlanta, Georgia 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-29

... allowed by 40 CFR 51.918 for the Atlanta Area.\\5\\ Subsequently, EPA approved Georgia's SIP revisions... CFR 51.910. Specifically, in ozone nonattainment areas with air quality classified as ``moderate'' or... CFR 51.910(b)(2). For an area like Atlanta, the RFP SIP revision must provide for a 15 percent...

California State Implementation Plan (SIP); Proposed Mobile Source Regulations

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is proposing to approve a submittal by the California to revise its SIP establishing standards and other requirements relating to the control of emissions from certain new and in-use on-road and off-road vehicles and engines.

Towards a Standard Psychometric Diagnostic Interview for Subjects at Ultra High Risk of Psychosis: CAARMS versus SIPS

PubMed Central

Fusar-Poli, P.; Cappucciati, M.; Rutigliano, G.; Lee, T. Y.; Beverly, Q.; Bonoldi, I.; Lelli, J.; Kaar, S. J.; Gago, E.; Rocchetti, M.; Patel, R.; Bhavsar, V.; Tognin, S.; Badger, S.; Calem, M.; Lim, K.; Kwon, J. S.; Perez, J.; McGuire, P.

2016-01-01

Background. Several psychometric instruments are available for the diagnostic interview of subjects at ultra high risk (UHR) of psychosis. Their diagnostic comparability is unknown. Methods. All referrals to the OASIS (London) or CAMEO (Cambridgeshire) UHR services from May 13 to Dec 14 were interviewed for a UHR state using both the CAARMS 12/2006 and the SIPS 5.0. Percent overall agreement, kappa, the McNemar-Bowker χ 2 test, equipercentile methods, and residual analyses were used to investigate diagnostic outcomes and symptoms severity or frequency. A conversion algorithm (CONVERT) was validated in an independent UHR sample from the Seoul Youth Clinic (Seoul). Results. There was overall substantial CAARMS-versus-SIPS agreement in the identification of UHR subjects (n = 212, percent overall agreement = 86%; kappa = 0.781, 95% CI from 0.684 to 0.878; McNemar-Bowker test = 0.069), with the exception of the brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms (BLIPS) subgroup. Equipercentile-linking table linked symptoms severity and frequency across the CAARMS and SIPS. The conversion algorithm was validated in 93 UHR subjects, showing excellent diagnostic accuracy (CAARMS to SIPS: ROC area 0.929; SIPS to CAARMS: ROC area 0.903). Conclusions. This study provides initial comparability data between CAARMS and SIPS and will inform ongoing multicentre studies and clinical guidelines for the UHR psychometric diagnostic interview. PMID:27314005

40 CFR 52.2299 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...), Appendix AG, Emission Reduction Commitments for Transportation Control Measures in Post-1982 SIP Areas...; as adopted by the Texas Air Control Board on October 14, 1988. (C) The following portions of the Post... Transportation Control Measures in Post-1982 SIP Areas, as adopted by the Texas Air Control Board on December 18...

40 CFR 52.2299 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...), Appendix AG, Emission Reduction Commitments for Transportation Control Measures in Post-1982 SIP Areas...; as adopted by the Texas Air Control Board on October 14, 1988. (C) The following portions of the Post... Transportation Control Measures in Post-1982 SIP Areas, as adopted by the Texas Air Control Board on December 18...

40 CFR 51.918 - Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? 51.918... 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard § 51.918 Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? Upon a...

40 CFR 51.918 - Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? 51.918... 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard § 51.918 Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? Upon a...

76 FR 81836 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Albuquerque/Bernalillo...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-29

... Significant Deterioration (PSD) program to establish appropriate emission thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and modification projects become subject to Albuquerque/Bernalillo County's PSD permitting..., New Mexico December 15, 2010 PSD SIP revision because the Agency has determined that this PSD SIP...

DOE ZERH Case Study: Sunroc Builders, Bates Avenue, Lakeland, FL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

none,

2015-09-01

Case study of a DOE 2015 Housing Innovation Award winning affordable home in the hot-humid climate that got HERS 57 without PV, with 6.5” SIP walls and 8.25” SIP roof; uninsulated slab foundation; fresh air intake; SEER 16 ducted air source heat pump.

78 FR 71504 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Hampshire; Transportation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... of the SIP. Conformity currently applies to areas that are designated nonattainment, and those redesignated to attainment after 1990 (maintenance areas) with plans developed under section 175A of the Clean... SIPs are found in 40 CFR 51.390. B. What is General Conformity? General Conformity is a requirement of...

40 CFR 51.918 - Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? 51.918 Section 51.918 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard § 51.918 Can any SIP planning requirements be...

40 CFR 51.918 - Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? 51.918 Section 51.918 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard § 51.918 Can any SIP planning requirements be...

40 CFR 51.918 - Can any SIP planning requirements be suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... suspended in 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have air quality data that meets the NAAQS? 51.918 Section 51.918 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... 8-hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard § 51.918 Can any SIP planning requirements be...

75 FR 19467 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to the New Source Review (NSR...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

...EPA is taking final action to disapprove revisions to the SIP submitted by the State of Texas that relate to the Modification of Existing Qualified Facilities (the Qualified Facilities Program or the Program). EPA is disapproving the Texas Qualified Facilities Program because it does not meet the Minor NSR SIP requirements nor does it meet the NSR SIP requirements for a substitute Major NSR SIP revision. EPA is also approving three definitions that are severable from the Qualified Facilities submittals. These three definitions we are approving are, ``grandfathered facility,'' ``maximum allowable emission rate table (MAERT),'' and ``new facility.'' Moreover, we are making an administrative correction to the SIP-approved definition of ``facility.'' We are taking this action under section 110, part C, and part D of the Federal Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA).

77 FR 6711 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Arkansas; Infrastructure Requirements for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-09

...EPA is proposing to partially approve and partially disapprove submittals from the state of Arkansas pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act) that address the infrastructure elements specified in the CAA section 110(a)(2), necessary to implement, maintain, and enforce the 1997 8-hour ozone and the 1997 and 2006 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS or standards). We are proposing to find that the current Arkansas State Implementation Plan (SIP) meets the following infrastructure elements for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS and the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS: 110(a)(2)(A), (B), (E), (F), (G), (H), (K), (L), (M), and portions of (C), (D)(ii) and (J). We are proposing to find that the current Arkansas SIP does not meet the infrastructure requirements for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS and the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS at 110(a)(2) for portions of (C), (D)(ii), and (J) because the EPA-approved SIP prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) program does not apply to greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting sources. We also are proposing to find that the current Arkansas SIP does not meet the infrastructure requirements for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS at 110(a)(2) for portions of (C), (D)(ii), and (J) because Arkansas has not submitted the PSD SIP revision required by EPA's Implementation of the New Source Review (NSR) Program for Particulate Matter Less Than 2.5 Micrometers (73 FR 28321, May 16, 2008). Further, we are proposing to partially approve and partially disapprove the provisions of SIP submissions that emissions from sources in Arkansas do not interfere with measures required in the SIP of any other state under part C of the CAA to prevent significant deterioration of air quality, with regard to the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS and the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS. The partial disapprovals herein are because Arkansas cannot issue permits for GHG emissions and because the State did not submit the required PM2.5 PSD SIP revision. Finally, for purposes of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, EPA is proposing to approve SIP revisions that modify the Arkansas PSD SIP to include nitrogen oxides (NOX) as an ozone precursor. This action is being taken under section 110 and part C of the Act. Finally, EPA is also proposing to make a correction to the attainment status table in 40 CFR 81.304 to accurately reflect the redesignation date of Crittenden County, Arkansas to attainment for the 1997 8-hour ozone standard.

Colorado SIP: 5 CCR 1001-13, Reg 11, Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program—Part A, General Provisions, Area of Applicability, Schedules for Obtaining Certification of Emissions Control, Definitions, Exemptions, and Clean Screening/Remote Sensing

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Colorado SIP: 5 CCR 1001-13, Reg 11, Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program—Part A, General Provisions, Area of Applicability, Schedules for Obtaining Certification of Emissions Control, Definitions, Exemptions, and Clean Screening/Remote Sensing

75 FR 56027 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to the New Source...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-15

... Implementation Plan (SIP); Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Texas PSD State... revision submitted July 16, 2010. This action makes no significant changes to the Texas PSD SIP; it merely...

SIP metagenomics identifies uncultivated Methylophilaceae as dimethylsulphide degrading bacteria in soil and lake sediment

PubMed Central

Eyice, Özge; Namura, Motonobu; Chen, Yin; Mead, Andrew; Samavedam, Siva; Schäfer, Hendrik

2015-01-01

Dimethylsulphide (DMS) has an important role in the global sulphur cycle and atmospheric chemistry. Microorganisms using DMS as sole carbon, sulphur or energy source, contribute to the cycling of DMS in a wide variety of ecosystems. The diversity of microbial populations degrading DMS in terrestrial environments is poorly understood. Based on cultivation studies, a wide range of bacteria isolated from terrestrial ecosystems were shown to be able to degrade DMS, yet it remains unknown whether any of these have important roles in situ. In this study, we identified bacteria using DMS as a carbon and energy source in terrestrial environments, an agricultural soil and a lake sediment, by DNA stable isotope probing (SIP). Microbial communities involved in DMS degradation were analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, high-throughput sequencing of SIP gradient fractions and metagenomic sequencing of phi29-amplified community DNA. Labelling patterns of time course SIP experiments identified members of the Methylophilaceae family, not previously implicated in DMS degradation, as dominant DMS-degrading populations in soil and lake sediment. Thiobacillus spp. were also detected in 13C-DNA from SIP incubations. Metagenomic sequencing also suggested involvement of Methylophilaceae in DMS degradation and further indicated shifts in the functional profile of the DMS-assimilating communities in line with methylotrophy and oxidation of inorganic sulphur compounds. Overall, these data suggest that unlike in the marine environment where gammaproteobacterial populations were identified by SIP as DMS degraders, betaproteobacterial Methylophilaceae may have a key role in DMS cycling in terrestrial environments. PMID:25822481

75 FR 82535 - Limitation of Approval of Prevention of Significant Deterioration Provisions Concerning...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-30

...This action is another in a series of steps EPA is taking to implement the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program for greenhouse gas (GHG)-emitting sources. EPA is finalizing its proposed rulemaking to narrow its previous approval of State Implementation Plan (SIP) PSD programs in 24 states that apply to GHG-emitting sources. Specifically, EPA is withdrawing its previous approval of those programs to the extent they apply PSD to GHG-emitting sources below the thresholds in the final Tailoring Rule, which EPA promulgated by Federal Register notice dated June 3, 2010. Having narrowed its prior approval, EPA asks that each affected state withdraw from EPA consideration the part of its SIP that is no longer approved. The states for whose SIPs EPA is narrowing approval are: Alabama, California, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin.

Seismo-Ionospheric Precursor in the GIM TEC of the 24 August 2014 M6 Napa Earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, T. Y.; Liu, T. J. Y.; Liu, J. Y.

2015-12-01

This study examines seismo-ionospheric precursors (SIPs) in the global ionosphere map (GIM) of the total electron content (TEC) associated with the 24 August 2014 M6 South Napa earthquake and statistical evidence of SIPs of the GPS TEC in western USA during 2000-2014. The temporal SIP in the GIM TEC around the epicenter significantly decreasing (negative anomaly) on 22 August. To discriminate the global effect, such as solar flares, magnetic storms, etc., and the local effect, such as earthquakes, 5183 lattices on the GIM are employed to conduct a global search of the SIP distribution. Anomalies of both GIM TEC and associated gradients specifically and continuously appearing over the epicenter suggest that the SIP relate to the 2014 South Napa earthquake. A simulation is further carried out to produce the SIP in GIM TEC before the earthquake. Results indicate that the eastward electric field generated over the epicenter area during the earthquake preparation period to be essential.

Bayesian inference of spectral induced polarization parameters for laboratory complex resistivity measurements of rocks and soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bérubé, Charles L.; Chouteau, Michel; Shamsipour, Pejman; Enkin, Randolph J.; Olivo, Gema R.

2017-08-01

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements are now widely used to infer mineralogical or hydrogeological properties from the low-frequency electrical properties of the subsurface in both mineral exploration and environmental sciences. We present an open-source program that performs fast multi-model inversion of laboratory complex resistivity measurements using Markov-chain Monte Carlo simulation. Using this stochastic method, SIP parameters and their uncertainties may be obtained from the Cole-Cole and Dias models, or from the Debye and Warburg decomposition approaches. The program is tested on synthetic and laboratory data to show that the posterior distribution of a multiple Cole-Cole model is multimodal in particular cases. The Warburg and Debye decomposition approaches yield unique solutions in all cases. It is shown that an adaptive Metropolis algorithm performs faster and is less dependent on the initial parameter values than the Metropolis-Hastings step method when inverting SIP data through the decomposition schemes. There are no advantages in using an adaptive step method for well-defined Cole-Cole inversion. Finally, the influence of measurement noise on the recovered relaxation time distribution is explored. We provide the geophysics community with a open-source platform that can serve as a base for further developments in stochastic SIP data inversion and that may be used to perform parameter analysis with various SIP models.

76 FR 67067 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Iowa: Prevention of Significant Deterioration...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... thresholds for GHG emissions in Iowa's PSD and Title V regulations at the same emissions thresholds and in... sources emitting less than these thresholds will not be subject to permitting requirements for GHGs that they emit. The amendments to the SIP clarify the applicable thresholds in the Iowa SIP, address the...

78 FR 44886 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Tennessee: New Source Review-Prevention of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-25

... Tennessee SIP the PM 2.5 SILs and SMC. See 78 FR 23704. Tennessee's May 10, 2013, final SIP revision... the administrative change to replace the term ``particulate matter'' with ``PM 2.5 , PM 10 ''\\2... matter'' with ``PM 10 .'' In the April 22, 2013, proposed rulemaking, EPA explained that TDEC had...

77 FR 35862 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Florida: New Source; Review...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

... Resource Management, to EPA in two separate SIP revisions on October 19, 2007, and July 1, 2011. These SIP...) Implementation Rule NSR Update Phase II (hereafter referred to as the ``Ozone Implementation NSR Update'' or ``Phase II Rule'') recognizing nitrogen oxide (NO X ) as an ozone precursor, among other requirements. In...

77 FR 20582 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Florida: New Source Review Prevention...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-05

... Management to EPA in two separate SIP revisions on October 19, 2007, and July 1, 2011. These SIP revisions... Rule NSR Update Phase II (hereafter referred to as the ``Ozone Implementation NSR Update'' or ``Phase..., Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61...

75 FR 9103 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Illinois; NOX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-01

... State Implementation Plan (SIP) that would terminate the provisions of the Nitrogen Oxides (NO X ) Budget Trading Program that apply to electric generating units. EPA is no longer operating the NO X Budget Trading Program as a compliance option under the NO X SIP Call. These sources are now subject to...

75 FR 9146 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Illinois; NOX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-01

... Illinois State Implementation Plan (SIP) that would terminate the provisions of the Nitrogen Oxides (NO X ) Budget Trading Program that apply to electric generating units. EPA is no longer operating the NO X Budget Trading Program as a compliance option under the NO X SIP Call. These sources are now subject to...

Decentralized session initiation protocol solution in ad hoc networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Lu; Jin, Zhigang; Shu, Yantai; Dong, Linfang

2006-10-01

With the fast development of ad hoc networks, SIP has attracted more and more attention in multimedia service. This paper proposes a new architecture to provide SIP service for ad hoc users, although there is no centralized SIP server deployed. In this solution, we provide the SIP service by the introduction of two nodes: Designated SIP Server (DS) and its Backup Server (BDS). The nodes of ad hoc network designate DS and BDS when they join the session nodes set and when some pre-defined events occur. A new sip message type called REGISTRAR is presented so nodes can send others REGISTRAR message to declare they want to be DS. According to the IP information taken in the message, an algorithm works like the election of DR and BDR in OSPF protocol is used to vote DS and BDS SIP servers. Naturally, the DS will be replaced by BDS when the DS is down for predicable or unpredictable reasons. To facilitate this, the DS should register to the BDS and transfer a backup of the SIP users' database. Considering the possibility DS or BDS may abruptly go down, a special policy is given. When there is no DS and BDS, a new election procedure is triggered just like the startup phase. The paper also describes how SIP works normally in the decentralized model as well as the evaluation of its performance. All sessions based on SIP in ad hoc such as DS voting have been tested in the real experiments within a 500m*500m square area where about 30 random nodes are placed.

Guidance for 1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Nonattainment Area State Implementation Plans (SIP) Submissions

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The document is intended to provide guidance and recommendations to state, local and tribal governments for the development of SIPs and tribal implementation plans (TIPs) under the 2010 1-hour primary NAAQS for Sulfur Dioxide (SO2).

77 FR 41279 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-13

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; Regional Haze State Implementation Plan AGENCY... the Regional Haze State Implementation Plan (SIP) (hereafter RH SIP) revision submitted by the... anthropogenic impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas [[Page 41280

78 FR 12243 - Interim Final Determination To Stay and Defer Sanctions, Placer County Air Pollution Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-22

...EPA is making an interim final determination to stay the imposition of offset sanctions and to defer the imposition of highway sanctions based on a proposed approval of a revision to the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) and Feather River Air Quality Management District (FRAQMD) portion of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP) published elsewhere in this Federal Register. The SIP revision concerns two permitting rules submitted by the PCAPCD and FRAQMD, respectively: Rule 502, New Source Review, and Rule 10.1, New Source Review.

78 FR 40011 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Removal of Consumer and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-03

... four articles located in chapter 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary Sources) from the Virginia SIP. These articles are being removed from the Virginia SIP because they were repealed in their entirety and have been replaced by the updated corresponding articles in chapter 9VAC5-45 (Consumer and Commercial Products). The...

PREPARING TO MEASURE THE EFFECTS OF THE NOX SIP CALL - METHODS FOR AMBIENT AIR MONITORING OF NO, NO2, NOY AND INDIVIDUAL NOZ SPECIES

EPA Science Inventory

The capping of stationary source emissions of NOx in 22 states and the District of Columbia is federally mandated by the NOx SIP Call legislation with the intended purpose of reducing downwind ozone concentrations. Monitors for NO, NO2, and the reactive oxides of nitrogen into ...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

none,

This case study describes a DOE Zero Energy Ready Home in Greenbank, Washington that scored HERS 37 without PV and a -5 with PV. This 1,955 ft2 custom home has 6.5-inch structural insulated panel (SIPs) walls, a 10.25-inch SIPS roof, an R-20 insulated slab, a 2-ton ground source heat pump, radiant floor heat, 7.1 kWh PV, and triple-pane windows.

SipA Activation of Caspase-3 Is a Decisive Mediator of Host Cell Survival at Early Stages of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

PubMed Central

McIntosh, Anne; Meikle, Lynsey M.; Ormsby, Michael J.; McCormick, Beth A.; Christie, John M.; Brewer, James M.; Roberts, Mark

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Salmonella invasion protein A (SipA) is a dual-function effector protein that plays roles in both actin polymerization and caspase-3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells. To date its function in other cell types has remained largely unknown despite its expression in multiple cell types and its extracellular secretion during infection. Here we show that in macrophages SipA induces increased caspase-3 activation early in infection. This activation required a threshold level of SipA linked to multiplicity of infection and may be a limiting factor controlling bacterial numbers in infected macrophages. In polymorphonuclear leukocytes, SipA or other Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 effectors had no effect on induction of caspase-3 activation either alone or in the presence of whole bacteria. Tagging of SipA with the small fluorescent phiLOV tag, which can pass through the type three secretion system, allowed visualization and quantification of caspase-3 activation by SipA-phiLOV in macrophages. Additionally, SipA-phiLOV activation of caspase-3 could be tracked in the intestine through multiphoton laser scanning microscopy in an ex vivo intestinal model. This allowed visualization of areas where the intestinal epithelium had been compromised and demonstrated the potential use of this fluorescent tag for in vivo tracking of individual effectors. PMID:28630067

78 FR 53113 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; California; San Joaquin Valley; Contingency...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-28

...EPA is proposing to approve a state implementation plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of California to address Clean Air Act nonattainment area contingency measure requirements for the 1997 annual and 24-hour fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standards in the San Joaquin Valley. Final approval of this SIP revision would terminate the sanctions clocks and a federal implementation plan clock that were triggered by EPA's partial disapproval of a related SIP submission on November 9, 2011 (76 FR 69896).

Final Approval of Arizona Air Plan Revision; Stationary Sources; New Source Review; Ammonia

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final action to approve a revision to a portion of the Arizona State Implementation Plan (SIP) concerning issuance of New Source Review (NSR) permits for stationary sources related to ammonia.

RACT (Reasonably Available Control Technology) determination for five industry categories in Florida

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hawks, R.L.; Schlesser, S.P.; Loudin, D.L.

Section 172(b)(2) of the Clean Air Act as amended August 1977, requires that SIP revisions 'provide for the implementation of all reasonably available control measures as expeditiously as practicable.' The use of RACT for stationary sources is defined as the lowest emission limit that a particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available considering technological and economic feasibility. The purpose of this report has been to identify control techniques that best represent RACT for particular emission sources in TSP nonattainment areas in the State of Florida. These sources include phosphate process operations;more » portland cement plants; electric arc furnaces; sweat or pot furnaces; materials handling, sizing, screening, crushing, and grinding operations.« less

76 FR 31263 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of California; Interstate Transport of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-31

...EPA is proposing a limited approval and limited disapproval of a State Implementation Plan (``SIP'') revision submitted by the State of California on November 17, 2007, for the purpose of addressing the ``transport SIP'' provisions of Clean Air Act (``CAA'') section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) for the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or standards) and the 1997 fine particulate matter (``PM2.5'') NAAQS. Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) of the CAA requires that each SIP contain adequate provisions to prohibit emissions that adversely affect air quality in other States through interstate transport. EPA is proposing a limited approval and limited disapproval of California's SIP revision for the 1997 8-hour ozone and 1997 PM2.5 NAAQS with respect to the requirement in CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) that each SIP contain adequate measures prohibiting emissions of air pollutants in amounts which will interfere with other States' measures required under title I, part C of the CAA to prevent significant deterioration of air quality. Specifically, EPA is proposing to approve California's SIP revision with respect to those Districts in California that implement SIP-approved permit programs meeting the approval criteria under CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(i), as discussed in this proposal. EPA is simultaneously proposing to disapprove California's SIP revision with respect to those Districts in California that do not implement SIP-approved permit programs meeting these approval criteria. For any District for which we finalize a disapproval, EPA intends to simultaneously promulgate a limited Federal Implementation Plan (``FIP''), as discussed in this proposal, unless the relevant area is already subject to a FIP.

Voluntary Mobile Source Programs: Crediting Innovation and Experimentation Brochure

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This EPA document provides guidance on Voluntary Mobile Source Emission Reduction Programs (VMEPs) that could be implemented and credited with emission reductions for State Implementation Plans (SIPs) related purposes.

Methylamine as a nitrogen source for microorganisms from a coastal marine environment.

PubMed

Taubert, Martin; Grob, Carolina; Howat, Alexandra M; Burns, Oliver J; Pratscher, Jennifer; Jehmlich, Nico; von Bergen, Martin; Richnow, Hans H; Chen, Yin; Murrell, J Colin

2017-06-01

Nitrogen is a key limiting resource for biomass production in the marine environment. Methylated amines, released from the degradation of osmolytes, could provide a nitrogen source for marine microbes. Thus far, studies in aquatic habitats on the utilization of methylamine, the simplest methylated amine, have mainly focussed on the fate of the carbon from this compound. Various groups of methylotrophs, microorganisms that can grow on one-carbon compounds, use methylamine as a carbon source. Non-methylotrophic microorganisms may also utilize methylamine as a nitrogen source, but little is known about their diversity, especially in the marine environment. In this proof-of-concept study, stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to identify microorganisms from a coastal environment that assimilate nitrogen from methylamine. SIP experiments using 15 N methylamine combined with metagenomics and metaproteomics facilitated identification of active methylamine-utilizing Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. The draft genomes of two methylamine utilizers were obtained and their metabolism with respect to methylamine was examined. Both bacteria identified in these SIP experiments used the γ-glutamyl-methylamide pathway, found in both methylotrophs and non-methylotrophs, to metabolize methylamine. The utilization of 15 N methylamine also led to the release of 15 N ammonium that was used as nitrogen source by other microorganisms not directly using methylamine. © 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Spectral Induced Polarization approaches to characterize reactive transport parameters and processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmutz, M.; Franceschi, M.; Revil, A.; Peruzzo, L.; Maury, T.; Vaudelet, P.; Ghorbani, A.; Hubbard, S. S.

2017-12-01

For almost a decade, geophysical methods have explored the potential for characterization of reactive transport parameters and processes relevant to hydrogeology, contaminant remediation, and oil and gas applications. Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) methods show particular promise in this endeavour, given the sensitivity of the SIP signature to geological material electrical double layer properties and the critical role of the electrical double layer on reactive transport processes, such as adsorption. In this presentation, we discuss results from several recent studies that have been performed to quantify the value of SIP parameters for characterizing reactive transport parameters. The advances have been realized through performing experimental studies and interpreting their responses using theoretical and numerical approaches. We describe a series of controlled experimental studies that have been performed to quantify the SIP responses to variations in grain size and specific surface area, pore fluid geochemistry, and other factors. We also model chemical reactions at the interface fluid/matrix linked to part of our experimental data set. For some examples, both geochemical modelling and measurements are integrated into a SIP physico-chemical based model. Our studies indicate both the potential of and the opportunity for using SIP to estimate reactive transport parameters. In case of well sorted granulometry of the samples, we find that the grain size characterization (as well as the permeabililty for some specific examples) value can be estimated using SIP. We show that SIP is sensitive to physico-chemical conditions at the fluid/mineral interface, including the different pore fluid dissolved ions (Na+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+) due to their different adsorption behavior. We also showed the relevance of our approach to characterize the fluid/matrix interaction for various organic contents (wetting and non-wetting oils). We also discuss early efforts to jointly interpret SIP and other information for improved estimation, approaches to use SIP information to constrain mechanistic flow and transport models, and the potential to apply some of the approaches to field scale applications.

VoIP attacks detection engine based on neural network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safarik, Jakub; Slachta, Jiri

2015-05-01

The security is crucial for any system nowadays, especially communications. One of the most successful protocols in the field of communication over IP networks is Session Initiation Protocol. It is an open-source project used by different kinds of applications, both open-source and proprietary. High penetration and text-based principle made SIP number one target in IP telephony infrastructure, so security of SIP server is essential. To keep up with hackers and to detect potential malicious attacks, security administrator needs to monitor and evaluate SIP traffic in the network. But monitoring and following evaluation could easily overwhelm the security administrator in networks, typically in networks with a number of SIP servers, users and logically or geographically separated networks. The proposed solution lies in automatic attack detection systems. The article covers detection of VoIP attacks through a distributed network of nodes. Then the gathered data analyze aggregation server with artificial neural network. Artificial neural network means multilayer perceptron network trained with a set of collected attacks. Attack data could also be preprocessed and verified with a self-organizing map. The source data is detected by distributed network of detection nodes. Each node contains a honeypot application and traffic monitoring mechanism. Aggregation of data from each node creates an input for neural networks. The automatic classification on a centralized server with low false positive detection reduce the cost of attack detection resources. The detection system uses modular design for easy deployment in final infrastructure. The centralized server collects and process detected traffic. It also maintains all detection nodes.

77 FR 36964 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to the New Source Review (NSR...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-20

...EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the SIP for the State of Texas that relate to antibacksliding of Major NSR SIP Requirements for the one-hour ozone NAAQS; Major NNSR SIP requirements for the 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS; Major NSR Reform Program with Plantwide Applicability Limit (PAL) provisions; and non-PAL aspects of the Major NSR SIP requirements. EPA proposes to find that these changes to the Texas SIP comply with the Federal Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA) and EPA regulations and are consistent with EPA policies. Texas submitted revisions to these programs on June 10, 2005, and February 1, 2006. EPA disapproved these SIP revisions on September 15, 2010 (75 FR 56424). In response to the 2010 disapproval, Texas submitted revisions to these programs in two separate SIP submittals on March 11, 2011. These SIP submittals include resubmittal of the rules that were previously submitted June 10, 2005, and February 1, 2006, and subsequently disapproved by EPA on September 15, 2010. On February 22, 2012, Texas proposed further revisions to the NSR Reform Program to further clarify and ensure compliance with Federal requirements relating to NSR Reform. On May 3, 2012, Texas provided a letter to EPA which requested that EPA parallel process the revisions proposed February 22, 2012, and included a demonstration showing how its submitted rules are at least as stringent as the Federal NSR Reform Program. Texas has requested that EPA parallel process the revisions proposed February 22, 2012, and consider the May 3, 2012, letter in the review of the March 11, 2011, SIP submittals. Today, EPA is proposing to find that the March 11, 2011, SIP submittals; the February 22, 2012, proposed revisions; and the May 3, 2012, letter, address each of the grounds for EPA's September 15, 2010, disapproval and other issues related to the Texas NSR Reform revisions as identified later. Accordingly, EPA proposes to approve these two March 11, 2011, revisions; the February 22, 2012, proposed revisions for which Texas has requested parallel processing; and the May 3, 2012, letter as part of the Texas NSR SIP. EPA is proposing this action under section 110 and parts C and D of the Act.

Fleet Mooring Leg Design Program Documentation. Volume 6. Source Listings: Compound Leg Reverse Solutions and Postprocessor.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-12-01

0,-C-002S 1JFNC[ASSIF D FIG /2 NL -- W 1.0.8 11111-2 E.M 1 . MtCROCOPY RESOLUT(ON TEST CHART NATIONAL URAU OF $IANoARD - 1963 - A -U4 , *n •A...sel,dtenl ~ss1,dtenl ,ss2, d Iern2,slp0,sO.smin 2 J common /VEOUAL/ ss0 ,dienS 1ssl diel,ss2 ,dien2 sipS saOSsman, & itoid equialence (smtn(IIsamlflJ...1300 12S0 contianus eel-9al dten@- d tenl 1260 contanue dtenl -dt en? 1300 continue n ait-nat* 1 g010 19w0 2000 continue sip-saO-iC ascapa) a told-it 00

Comparison of artificial intelligence classifiers for SIP attack data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safarik, Jakub; Slachta, Jiri

2016-05-01

Honeypot application is a source of valuable data about attacks on the network. We run several SIP honeypots in various computer networks, which are separated geographically and logically. Each honeypot runs on public IP address and uses standard SIP PBX ports. All information gathered via honeypot is periodically sent to the centralized server. This server classifies all attack data by neural network algorithm. The paper describes optimizations of a neural network classifier, which lower the classification error. The article contains the comparison of two neural network algorithm used for the classification of validation data. The first is the original implementation of the neural network described in recent work; the second neural network uses further optimizations like input normalization or cross-entropy cost function. We also use other implementations of neural networks and machine learning classification algorithms. The comparison test their capabilities on validation data to find the optimal classifier. The article result shows promise for further development of an accurate SIP attack classification engine.

76 FR 11083 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Missouri

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

... approval into the SIP two new rules, 10 CSR 10-2.385 Control of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle Idling Emissions for the Kansas City Ozone Maintenance Area and 10 CSR 10-5.385 Control of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle.... II. Why is EPA approving Missouri's SIP revision? The rule 10 CSR 10-2.385 Control of Heavy Duty...

Pore-scale spectral induced polarization (SIP) signaturesassociated with FeS biomineral transformations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios; Personna, Yves R.

2007-10-01

The authors measured Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) signatures in sand columns during (1) FeS biomineralization produced by sulfate reducing bacteria (D. vulgaris) under anaerboci conditions, and (2) subsequent biomineral dissolution upon return to an aerobic state. The low-frequency (0.1-10 Hz peak) relaxations produced during biomineralization can be modeled with a Cole-Cole formulation, from which the evolution of the polarization magnitude and relaxation length scale can be estimated. They find that the modeled time constant is consistent with the polarizable elements being biomineral encrused pores. Evolution of the model parameters is consistent with FeS surface area increases and pore-size reduction duringmore » biomineral growth, and subsequent biomineral dissolution (FeS surface area decreases and pore expansion) upon return to the aerobic state. They conclude that SIP signatures are diagnostic of pore-scale geometrical changes associated with FeS biomineralization by sulfate reducing bacteria.« less

Laboratory System Improvement Program: First in the Nation— New Hampshire Reassessment

PubMed Central

Bean, Christine L.; Cosser, Amanda; Vazquez, Alma

2013-01-01

The New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories (NH PHL) conducted an initial Laboratory System Improvement Program (L-SIP) assessment in March 2007 and a reassessment in May 2011. New Hampshire was a pilot state for the initial L-SIP assessment in 2007 and was the first laboratory system in the United States to conduct an L-SIP reassessment. The New Hampshire reassessment was also used as a pilot for revising the assessment tool. The NH PHL performed a high-level comparison benchmarking the work done between the two assessments. This comparison revealed areas of improvement and other areas that needed continued focus to align with model standards of the 10 Essential Public Health Services. This article outlines achievements, improvements, and outcomes made since 2007, as well as participants, activities, plans, resources, and other factors that contributed to the change in scores between assessments. PMID:23997303

Laboratory System Improvement Program: first in the nation--New Hampshire reassessment.

PubMed

Power, Jill J; Bean, Christine L; Cosser, Amanda; Vazquez, Alma

2013-01-01

The New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories (NH PHL) conducted an initial Laboratory System Improvement Program (L-SIP) assessment in March 2007 and a reassessment in May 2011. New Hampshire was a pilot state for the initial L-SIP assessment in 2007 and was the first laboratory system in the United States to conduct an L-SIP reassessment. The New Hampshire reassessment was also used as a pilot for revising the assessment tool. The NH PHL performed a high-level comparison benchmarking the work done between the two assessments. This comparison revealed areas of improvement and other areas that needed continued focus to align with model standards of the 10 Essential Public Health Services. This article outlines achievements, improvements, and outcomes made since 2007, as well as participants, activities, plans, resources, and other factors that contributed to the change in scores between assessments.

Relationship between pore geometric characteristics and SIP/NMR parameters observed for mudstones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Robinson, J.; Slater, L. D.; Keating, K.; Parker, B. L.; Robinson, T.

2017-12-01

The reliable estimation of permeability remains one of the most challenging problems in hydrogeological characterization. Cost effective, non-invasive geophysical methods such as spectral induced polarization (SIP) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) offer an alternative to traditional sampling methods as they are sensitive to the mineral surfaces and pore spaces that control permeability. We performed extensive physical characterization, SIP and NMR geophysical measurements on fractured rock cores extracted from a mudstone site in an effort to compare 1) the pore size characterization determined from traditional and geophysical methods and 2) the performance of permeability models based on these methods. We focus on two physical characterizations that are well-correlated with hydraulic properties: the pore volume normalized surface area (Spor) and an interconnected pore diameter (Λ). We find the SIP polarization magnitude and relaxation time are better correlated with Spor than Λ, the best correlation of these SIP measures for our sample dataset was found with Spor divided by the electrical formation factor (F). NMR parameters are, similarly, better correlated with Spor than Λ. We implement previously proposed mechanistic and empirical permeability models using SIP and NMR parameters. A sandstone-calibrated SIP model using a polarization magnitude does not perform well while a SIP model using a mean relaxation time performs better in part by more sufficiently accounting for the effects of fluid chemistry. A sandstone-calibrated NMR permeability model using an average measure of the relaxation time does not perform well, presumably due to small pore sizes which are either not connected or contain water of limited mobility. An NMR model based on the laboratory determined portions of the bound versus mobile portions of the relaxation distribution performed reasonably well. While limitations exist, there are many opportunities to use geophysical data to predict permeability in mudstone formations.

An Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis of the Short Inventory of Problems-Alcohol and Drugs (SIP-AD) among non-treatment seeking men-who-have-sex-with-men: evidence for a shortened 10-item SIP-AD.

PubMed

Hagman, Brett T; Kuerbis, Alexis N; Morgenstern, Jon; Bux, Donald A; Parsons, Jeffrey T; Heidinger, Bram E

2009-11-01

The Short Inventory of Problems-Alcohol and Drugs (SIP-AD) is a 15-item measure that assesses concurrently negative consequences associated with alcohol and illicit drug use. Current psychometric evaluation has been limited to classical test theory (CTT) statistics, and it has not been validated among non-treatment seeking men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM). Methods from Item Response Theory (IRT) can improve upon CTT by providing an in-depth analysis of how each item performs across the underlying latent trait that it is purported to measure. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the SIP-AD using methods from both IRT and CTT among a non-treatment seeking MSM sample (N=469). Participants were recruited from the New York City area and were asked to participate in a series of studies examining club drug use. Results indicated that five items on the SIP-AD demonstrated poor item misfit or significant differential item functioning (DIF) across race/ethnicity and HIV status. These five items were dropped and two-parameter IRT analyses were conducted on the remaining 10 items, which indicated a restricted range of item location parameters (-.15 to -.99) plotted at the lower end of the latent negative consequences severity continuum, and reasonably high discrimination parameters (1.30 to 2.22). Additional CTT statistics were compared between the original 15-item SIP-AD and the refined 10-item SIP-AD and suggest that the differences were negligible with the refined 10-item SIP-AD indicating a high degree of reliability and validity. Findings suggest the SIP-AD can be shortened to 10 items and appears to be a non-biased reliable and valid measure among non-treatment seeking MSM.

Preliminary results of spectral induced polarization measurements, Wadi Bidah District, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, Bruce D.; Tippens, C.L.; Flanigan, V.J.; Sadek, Hamdy

1983-01-01

Laboratory spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements on 29 carbonaceous schist samples from the Wadi Bidah district show that most are associated with very long polarization decays or, equivalently, large time constants. In contrast, measurements on two massive sulfide samples indicate shorter polarization decays or smaller time constants. This difference in time constants for the polarization process results in two differences in the phase spectra in the frequency range of from 0.06 to 1Hz. First, phase values of carbonaceous rocks generally decrease as a function of increasing frequency. Second, phase values of massive sulfide-bearing rocks increase as a function of increasing frequency. These results from laboratory measurements agree well with those from other reported SIP measurements on graphites and massive sulfides from the Canadian Shield. Four SIP lines, measured by using a 50-m dipole-dipole array, were surveyed at the Rabathan 4 prospect to test how well the results of laboratory sample measurements can be applied to larger scale field measurements. Along one line, located entirely over carbonaceous schists, the phase values decreased as a function of increasing frequency. Along a second line, located over both massive sulfides and carbonaceous schists as defined by drilling, the phase values measured over carbonaceous schists decreased as a function of increasing frequency, whereas those measured over massive sulfides increased. In addition, parts of two lines were surveyed down the axes of the massive sulfide and carbonaceous units. The phase values along these lines showed similar differences between the carbonaceous schists and massive sulfides. To date, the SIP survey and the SIP laboratory measurements have produced the only geophysical data that indicate an electrical difference between the massive sulfide-bearing rocks and the surrounding carbonaceous rocks in the Wadi Bidah district. However, additional sample and field measurements in areas of known mineralization would fully evaluate the SIP method as applied to various geologic environments and styles of massive sulfide mineralization. Additionally, the efficiency of SIP surveys in delineating areas of sulfide mineralization might be improved by surveying lines down the axes of known electrical conductors. An evaluation of the applied research done on the SIP method to date suggests that this technique offers significant exploration applications to massive sulfide exploration in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

California State Implementation Plan; Butte County Air Quality Management District; New Source Review (NSR) Permitting Program

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is proposing to approve a revision to the Butte County Air Quality Management District (BCAQMD) portion of the California SIP concerning the District's New Source Review (NSR) permitting program for new and modified sources of air pollution.

The Water SWITCH-ON Spatial Information Platform (SIP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sala Calero, J., Sr.; Boot, G., Sr.; Dihé, P., Sr.; Arheimer, B.

2017-12-01

The amount of hydrological open data is continually growing and providing opportunities to the scientific community. Although the existing data portals (GEOSS Portal, INSPIRE community geoportal and others) enable access to open data, many users still find browsing through them difficult. Moreover, the time spent on gathering and preparing data usually is more significant than the time spent on the experiment itself. Thus, any improvement on searching, understanding, accessing or using open data is greatly beneficial. The Spatial Information Platform (SIP) has been developed to tackle these issues within the SWITCH-ON European Commission funded FP7 project. The SIP has been designed as a set of tools based on open standards that provide to the user all the necessary functionalities as described in the Publish-Find-Bind (PFB) pattern. In other words, this means that the SIP helps users to locate relevant and suitable data for their experiments analysis, to access and transform it (filtering, extraction, selection, conversion, aggregation). Moreover, the SIP can be used to provide descriptive information about the data and to publish it so others can find and use it. The SIP is based on existing open data protocols such as the OGC/CSW, OGC/WMS, OpenDAP and open-source components like PostgreSQL/PostGIS, GeoServer and pyCSW. The SIP is divided in three main user interfaces: the BYOD (Browse your open dataset) web interface, the Expert GUI tool and the Upload Data and Metadata web interface. The BYOD HTML5 client is the main entry point for users that want to browse through open data in the SIP. The BYOD has a map interface based on Leaflet JavaScript libraries so that the users can search more efficiently. The web-based Open Data Registration Tool is a user-friendly upload and metadata description interface (geographical extent, license, DOI generation). The Expert GUI is a desktop application that provides full metadata editing capabilities for the metadata moderators of the project. In conclusion, the Spatial Information Platform (SIP) provides to its community a set of tools for better understanding and ease of use of hydrological open-data. Moreover, the SIP has been based on well-known OGC standards that will allow the connection and data harvesting from popular open data portals such as the GEOSS system of systems.

Preparation and evaluation of squid ink polysaccharide-chitosan as a wound-healing sponge.

PubMed

Huang, Na; Lin, Jiali; Li, Sidong; Deng, Yifeng; Kong, Songzhi; Hong, Pengzhi; Yang, Ping; Liao, Mingneng; Hu, Zhang

2018-01-01

A new type of wound healing agent was developed using two marine biomaterials (squid ink polysaccharide and chitosan) as carriers and calcium chloride as an initiator for coagulation. Based on central composite design-response surface methodology, comprehensive evaluation of appearance quality for composite sponges and water absorbency were used as evaluation indices to identify the optimized preparation conditions and further evaluate the performance of the squid ink polysaccharide-chitosan sponge (SIP-CS). The optimized formulation of SIP-CS was as follows: chitosan concentration, 2.29%; squid ink polysaccharide concentration, 0.55%; and calcium chloride concentration, 2.82%, at a volume ratio of 15:5:2. SIP-CS was conducive to sticking on the wound, characterized by the spongy property, strong absorptivity, and tackiness. Rabbit ear arterial, hepatic, and femoral artery hemorrhage experiments indicated that, compared with chitosan dressings and absorbable gelatin, the hemostatic times were shorter and the bleeding volume was smaller. Furthermore, SIP-CS absorbed a large amount of hemocytes, leading to rapid hemostasis. The healing areas and wound pathological sections in scalded New Zealand rabbits indicated that SIP-CS promoted wound healing more rapidly than chitosan and better than commercially available burn cream. Thus, SIP-CS is a good wound healing agent for rapid hemostasis, promoting burn/scalded skin healing, and protecting from wound infection. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

77 FR 18051 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Colorado; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-26

...EPA is proposing to approve a State implementation plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of Colorado on May 25, 2011 that addresses regional haze (RH). EPA is proposing to determine that the plan submitted by Colorado satisfies the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA or ``the Act'') and our rules that require states to prevent any future and remedy any existing man-made impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas caused by emissions of air pollutants from numerous sources located over a wide geographic area (also referred to as the ``regional haze program''). States are required to assure reasonable progress toward the national goal of achieving natural visibility conditions in Class I areas. EPA is taking this action pursuant to section 110 of the CAA.

76 FR 28944 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, Placer County Air Pollution Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-19

...EPA is proposing a limited approval and limited disapproval of permitting rules submitted for the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) and Feather River Air Quality Management District (FRAQMD) portion of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). The districts are required under Part D of title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) to adopt and implement a SIP-approved New Source Review (NSR) permit program. These rules update and revise the District's NSR permitting program for new and modified sources of air pollution. If EPA finalizes the limited approval and limited disapproval action, as proposed, then a sanctions clock would be triggered. We are taking comments on this proposal and plan to follow with a final action.

Iowa SIP: Chapter 33 - Special Regulations and Construction Permit Requirements for Major Stationary Sources - Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of Air Quality

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA Approved Iowa Regulations - 40 CFR 52.820(c) Chapter 33 - Special Regulations and Construction Permit Requirements for Major Stationary Sources - Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of Air Quality

The Early Psychosis Screener (EPS): Quantitative validation against the SIPS using machine learning.

PubMed

Brodey, B B; Girgis, R R; Favorov, O V; Addington, J; Perkins, D O; Bearden, C E; Woods, S W; Walker, E F; Cornblatt, B A; Brucato, G; Walsh, B; Elkin, K A; Brodey, I S

2018-01-18

Machine learning techniques were used to identify highly informative early psychosis self-report items and to validate an early psychosis screener (EPS) against the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS). The Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief Version (PQ-B) and 148 additional items were administered to 229 individuals being screened with the SIPS at 7 North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study sites and at Columbia University. Fifty individuals were found to have SIPS scores of 0, 1, or 2, making them clinically low risk (CLR) controls; 144 were classified as clinically high risk (CHR) (SIPS 3-5) and 35 were found to have first episode psychosis (FEP) (SIPS 6). Spectral clustering analysis, performed on 124 of the items, yielded two cohesive item groups, the first mostly related to psychosis and mania, the second mostly related to depression, anxiety, and social and general work/school functioning. Items within each group were sorted according to their usefulness in distinguishing between CLR and CHR individuals using the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance procedure. A receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) analysis indicated that maximal differentiation of CLR and CHR participants was achieved with a 26-item solution (AUC=0.899±0.001). The EPS-26 outperformed the PQ-B (AUC=0.834±0.001). For screening purposes, the self-report EPS-26 appeared to differentiate individuals who are either CLR or CHR approximately as well as the clinician-administered SIPS. The EPS-26 may prove useful as a self-report screener and may lead to a decrease in the duration of untreated psychosis. A validation of the EPS-26 against actual conversion is underway. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Proposed Approval of California Air Plan Revision; Yolo-Solano Air Quality Management District; VOC Source Categories; Negative Declarations

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final action to approve a revision to the YSAQMD portion of the California SIP concerning YSAQMD negative declarations for several VOC source categories included in its RACT State Implementation Plan Analysis.

California State Implementation Plan; Proposed Approval of Revisions; Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District; Stationary Source Permits

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District (NSCAPCD) portion of the California SIP concerning NSCAPCD's PSD permitting program for new and modified sources of air pollution.

Characterization of Carbonates by Spectral Induced Polarization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hupfer, Sarah; Halisch, Matthias; Weller, Andreas

2017-04-01

This study investigates the complex electrical conductivity of carbonate samples by Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP). The analysis is conducted in combination with petrophysical, mineralogical and geochemical measurements. SIP is a useful tool to obtain more detailed information about rock properties and receive a more qualitative pore space characterization. Rock parameters like permeability, pore-size and -surface area can be predicted. Up to this point, sandstones or sandy materials were investigated in detail by laboratory SIP-measurements. Several robust empirical relationships were found that connect IP-signals and petrophysical parameters (surface area, surface conductivity and cation exchange capacity). Different types of carbonates were analyzed with laboratory SIP-measurements. Rock properties like grain density, porosity, permeability and surface area were determined by petrophysical measurements. Geochemistry and mineralogy were used to differentiate the carbonate types. First results of the SIP-measurements showed polarization effects for all different types. Four different phase behavior were observed in the phase spectra. A constant phase angle, a constant slope, a combination of both and a maximum type could be identified. Each phase behavior can be assigned to the specific carbonate type used, but the constant phase occurs at two carbonate types. Further experiments were conducted to get more insight the phase behavior and get explanations. 1. Approach: An expected phase peak frequency for each sample was calculated to check if this frequency is within the measured spectrum of 2 mHz to 100 Hz. 2. Approach: Significantly reducing of the fluid conductivity to increase phase signal for a better interpretation. 3. Approach: The cation-exchange-capacity (CEC) was regarded as a factor as well. A dependence between imaginary part of conductivity and CEC was detected. 4. Approach: Imaging procedures (scanning electron microscope, x-ray computed tomography, microscopy) were used to create a qualitative image of the carbonate samples and to investigate the pore space, for example the ratio of connected to non-connected pore space. A comparison between SIP data and the petrophysical data of the sample set showed that the phase behavior of carbonates is highly complicated and challenging compared with sandstones. It seems that there is no correlation between polarization effects and any petrophysical parameter. Ongoing investigations and measurements will be conducted to get more insight to the polarization effects of carbonates.

Subsurface Ice Detection via Low Frequency Surface Electromagnetic Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stillman, D. E.; Grimm, R. E.; Mcginnis, R. N.

2014-12-01

The geophysical detection of ice in the Cryosphere is typically conducted by measuring the absence of water. These interpretations can become non-unique in dry soils or in clay- and silt-rich soils that contain significant quantities of unfrozen water. Extensive laboratory measurements of electrical properties were made on permafrost samples as a function of frequency, temperature, and water content. These laboratory measurements show that the amount of ice can be uniquely obtained by measuring a frequency dependence of the electrical properties over a large frequency range (20 kHz - 10 Hz). In addition, the electrical properties of permafrost are temperature dependent, which can allow for an estimate of subsurface temperature. In order to test this approach in the field, we performed field surveys at four locations in Alaska. We used three low frequency electromagnetic methods: Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP: 20 kHz - 10 Hz), Capacively Coupled Resistivity (CCR: OhmMapper - 16.5 kHz), and DC Resistivity (Syscal ~ 8 Hz). At the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory permafrost tunnel near Fox, AK, we used SIP to measure the average ice concentration of 80 v% and determined the temperature to be -3±1°C by matching survey results to lab data. SIP data acquisition is very slow; therefore, at three sites near Tok, AK, we used CCR to perform reconnaissance of the area. Then SIP and DC resistivity were performed at anomalous areas. The three survey types give very similar absolute resistivity values. We found that while SIP gives the most quantitative results, the frequency dependence from the CCR and DC resistivity surveys is all that are needed to determine ice content in permafrost.

Consumption with Large Sip Sizes Increases Food Intake and Leads to Underestimation of the Amount Consumed

PubMed Central

Bolhuis, Dieuwerke P.; Lakemond, Catriona M. M.; de Wijk, Rene A.; Luning, Pieternel A.; de Graaf, Cees

2013-01-01

Background A number of studies have shown that bite and sip sizes influence the amount of food intake. Consuming with small sips instead of large sips means relatively more sips for the same amount of food to be consumed; people may believe that intake is higher which leads to faster satiation. This effect may be disturbed when people are distracted. Objective The objective of the study is to assess the effects of sip size in a focused state and a distracted state on ad libitum intake and on the estimated amount consumed. Design In this 3×2 cross-over design, 53 healthy subjects consumed ad libitum soup with small sips (5 g, 60 g/min), large sips (15 g, 60 g/min), and free sips (where sip size was determined by subjects themselves), in both a distracted and focused state. Sips were administered via a pump. There were no visual cues toward consumption. Subjects then estimated how much they had consumed by filling soup in soup bowls. Results Intake in the small-sip condition was ∼30% lower than in both the large-sip and free-sip conditions (P<0.001). In addition, subjects underestimated how much they had consumed in the large-sip and free-sip conditions (P<0.03). Distraction led to a general increase in food intake (P = 0.003), independent of sip size. Distraction did not influence sip size or estimations. Conclusions Consumption with large sips led to higher food intake, as expected. Large sips, that were either fixed or chosen by subjects themselves led to underestimations of the amount consumed. This may be a risk factor for over-consumption. Reducing sip or bite sizes may successfully lower food intake, even in a distracted state. PMID:23372657

California Air Quality State Implementation Plans; Final Approval; Butte County Air Quality Management District; Stationary Source Permits

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final action to approve a revision to the Butte County Air Quality Management District (BCAQMD) portion of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). This revision concerns the District's New Source Review (NSR) permitting program.

Developing a model of short-term integrated palliative and supportive care for frail older people in community settings: perspectives of older people, carers and other key stakeholders.

PubMed

Bone, Anna E; Morgan, Myfanwy; Maddocks, Matthew; Sleeman, Katherine E; Wright, Juliet; Taherzadeh, Shamim; Ellis-Smith, Clare; Higginson, Irene J; Evans, Catherine J

2016-11-01

understanding how best to provide palliative care for frail older people with non-malignant conditions is an international priority. We aimed to develop a community-based episodic model of short-term integrated palliative and supportive care (SIPS) based on the views of service users and other key stakeholders in the United Kingdom. transparent expert consultations with health professionals, voluntary sector and carer representatives including a consensus survey; and focus groups with older people and carers were used to generate recommendations for the SIPS model. Discussions focused on three key components of the model: potential benefit of SIPS, timing of delivery and processes of integrated working between specialist palliative care and generalist practitioners. Content and descriptive analysis was employed and findings were integrated across the data sources. we conducted two expert consultations (n = 63), a consensus survey (n = 42) and three focus groups (n = 17). Potential benefits of SIPS included holistic assessment, opportunity for end of life discussion, symptom management and carer reassurance. Older people and carers advocated early access to SIPS, while other stakeholders proposed delivery based on complex symptom burden. A priority for integrated working was the assignment of a key worker to co-ordinate care, but the assignment criteria remain uncertain. key stakeholders agree that a model of SIPS for frail older people with non-malignant conditions has potential benefits within community settings, but differ in opinion on the optimal timing and indications for this service. Our findings highlight the importance of consulting all key stakeholders in model development prior to feasibility evaluation. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society.

75 FR 56423 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to the New Source Review (NSR...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-15

...EPA is taking final action to disapprove submittals from the State of Texas, through the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), to revise the Texas Major and Minor NSR SIP. We are disapproving the submittals because they do not meet the 2002 revised Major NSR SIP requirements. We are also disapproving the submittals as not meeting the Major Nonattainment NSR SIP requirements for implementation of the 1997 8-hour ozone national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) and the 1-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA is disapproving the submitted Standard Permit (SP) for Pollution Control Projects (PCP) because it does not meet the requirements of the CAA for a minor NSR Standard Permit program. Finally, EPA is also disapproving a submitted severable definition of best available control technology (BACT) that is used by TCEQ in its Minor NSR SIP permitting program. EPA is not addressing the submitted revisions concerning the Texas Major PSD NSR SIP, which will be addressed in a separate action. EPA is taking no action on severable provisions that implement section 112(g) of the Act and is restoring a clarification to an earlier action that removed an explanation that a particular provision is not in the SIP because it implements section 112(g) of the Act. EPA is not addressing severable revisions to definitions submitted June 10, 2005, submittal, which will be addressed in a separate action. We are taking no action on a severable provision relating to Emergency and Temporary Orders, which we will address in a separate action. EPA is taking these actions under section 110, part C, and part D, of the Federal Clean Air Act (the Act or CAA).

76 FR 9658 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Kansas: Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-22

... greenhouse gas (GHG) under Kansas's New Source Review (NSR) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program. First, the SIP revision provides the State of Kansas with authority to issue PSD permits... stationary sources and modification projects become subject to Kansas's PSD permitting requirements for their...

77 FR 58027 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Florida: New Source Review-Prevention of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-19

... revision modifies Florida's New Source Review (NSR) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting regulations to adopt, into the Florida SIP, federal NSR PSD requirements for the fine particulate... Implementation Rule and the 2010 PM 2.5 PSD Increment, Significant Impact [[Page 58028

Audio CAPTCHA for SIP-Based VoIP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soupionis, Yannis; Tountas, George; Gritzalis, Dimitris

Voice over IP (VoIP) introduces new ways of communication, while utilizing existing data networks to provide inexpensive voice communications worldwide as a promising alternative to the traditional PSTN telephony. SPam over Internet Telephony (SPIT) is one potential source of future annoyance in VoIP. A common way to launch a SPIT attack is the use of an automated procedure (bot), which generates calls and produces audio advertisements. In this paper, our goal is to design appropriate CAPTCHA to fight such bots. We focus on and develop audio CAPTCHA, as the audio format is more suitable for VoIP environments and we implement it in a SIP-based VoIP environment. Furthermore, we suggest and evaluate the specific attributes that audio CAPTCHA should incorporate in order to be effective, and test it against an open source bot implementation.

Role of T3SS-1 SipD Protein in Protecting Mice against Non-typhoidal Salmonella Typhimurium

PubMed Central

Jneid, Bakhos; Moreau, Karine; Plaisance, Marc; Rouaix, Audrey; Dano, Julie

2016-01-01

Background Salmonella enterica species are enteric pathogens that cause severe diseases ranging from self-limiting gastroenteritis to enteric fever and sepsis in humans. These infectious diseases are still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries, especially in children younger than 5 years and immunocompromised adults. Vaccines targeting typhoidal diseases are already marketed, but none protect against non-typhoidal Salmonella. The existence of multiple non-typhoidal Salmonella serotypes as well as emerging antibiotic resistance highlight the need for development of a broad-spectrum protective vaccine. All Salmonella spp. utilize two type III Secretion Systems (T3SS 1 and 2) to initiate infection, allow replication in phagocytic cells and induce systemic disease. T3SS-1, which is essential to invade epithelial cells and cross the barrier, forms an extracellular needle and syringe necessary to inject effector proteins into the host cell. PrgI and SipD form, respectively, the T3SS-1 needle and the tip complex at the top of the needle. Because they are common and highly conserved in all virulent Salmonella spp., they might be ideal candidate antigens for a subunit-based, broad-spectrum vaccine. Principal Findings We investigated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of PrgI and SipD administered by subcutaneous, intranasal and oral routes, alone or combined, in a mouse model of Salmonella intestinal challenge. Robust IgG (in all immunization routes) and IgA (in intranasal and oral immunization routes) antibody responses were induced against both proteins, particularly SipD. Mice orally immunized with SipD alone or SipD combined with PrgI were protected against lethal intestinal challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium (100 Lethal Dose 50%) depending on antigen, route and adjuvant. Conclusions and Significance Salmonella T3SS SipD is a promising antigen for the development of a protective Salmonella vaccine, and could be developed for vaccination in tropical endemic areas to control infant mortality. PMID:27992422

More flexibility in representing geometric distortion in astronomical images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shupe, David L.; Laher, Russ R.; Storrie-Lombardi, Lisa; Surace, Jason; Grillmair, Carl; Levitan, David; Sesar, Branimir

2012-09-01

A number of popular software tools in the public domain are used by astronomers, professional and amateur alike, but some of the tools that have similar purposes cannot be easily interchanged, owing to the lack of a common standard. For the case of image distortion, SCAMP and SExtractor, available from Astromatic.net, perform astrometric calibration and source-object extraction on image data, and image-data geometric distortion is computed in celestial coordinates with polynomial coefficients stored in the FITS header with the PV i_j keywords. Another widely-used astrometric-calibration service, Astrometry.net, solves for distortion in pixel coordinates using the SIP convention that was introduced by the Spitzer Science Center. Up until now, due to the complexity of these distortion representations, it was very difficult to use the output of one of these packages as input to the other. New Python software, along with faster-computing C-language translations, have been developed at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) to convert FITS-image headers from PV to SIP and vice versa. It is now possible to straightforwardly use Astrometry.net for astrometric calibration and then SExtractor for source-object extraction. The new software also enables astrometric calibration by SCAMP followed by image visualization with tools that support SIP distortion, but not PV . The software has been incorporated into the image-processing pipelines of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), which generate FITS images with headers containing both distortion representations. The software permits the conversion of archived images, such as from the Spitzer Heritage Archive and NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, from SIP to PV or vice versa. This new capability renders unnecessary any new representation, such as the proposed TPV distortion convention.

76 FR 52387 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Federal Implementation Plan for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-22

...EPA is disapproving a portion of the State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision received from the State of New Mexico on September 17, 2007, for the purpose of addressing the ``good neighbor'' requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) of the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act) for the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or standards) and the 1997 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) NAAQS. In this action, EPA is disapproving the New Mexico Interstate Transport SIP provisions that address the requirement of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) that emissions from New Mexico sources do not interfere with measures required in the SIP of any other state under part C of the CAA to protect visibility. We have found that New Mexico sources, except the San Juan Generating Station, are sufficiently controlled to eliminate interference with the visibility programs of other states. EPA is promulgating a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) to address this deficiency by implementing nitrogen oxides (NOX) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission limits necessary at the San Juan Generating Station (SJGS), to prevent such interference. EPA found in January 2009 that New Mexico had failed to submit a SIP addressing certain regional haze (RH) requirements, including the requirement for best available retrofit technology (BART). The Clean Air Act required EPA to promulgate a FIP to address RH requirements by January 2011. This FIP addresses the RH BART requirement for NOX for SJGS. In addition, EPA is implementing sulfuric acid (H2SO4) hourly emission limits at the SJGS, to minimize the contribution of this compound to visibility impairment. This action is being taken under section 110 and part C of the CAA.

78 FR 24992 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; District of Columbia; Volatile...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-29

... includes negative declarations for various VOC source categories. EPA is approving the regulation changes and the negative declarations in accordance with the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA). DATES... adopt RACT and negative declarations for various VOC source categories. The formal SIP revision was...

78 FR 37752 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Rescission of Federal...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-24

... files should avoid the use of special characters and any form of encryption and should be free of any... or decomposition of biologically-based materials other than fossil fuels and mineral sources of..., Wyoming should revise its SIP accordingly. For stationary sources co-firing fossil fuel and biologically...

78 FR 16785 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Cleveland-Akron-Lorain and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

... mobile source emissions for criteria pollutants and/or their precursors to address pollution from cars, trucks and other on-road vehicles. These mobile source SIP budgets are the portions of the total...(c) of the CAA, transportation plans, Transportation Improvement Programs (TIPs), and transportation...

77 FR 20577 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana; Central Indiana...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-05

... demonstration SIP revisions) and maintenance plans include budgets of on-road mobile source emissions for... 62188). Under section 176(c) of the CAA, transportation plans, Transportation Improvement Programs (TIPs... margin. Table 4.1-A in the submittal demonstrates how mobile source emissions decline from the attainment...

77 FR 4735 - Regional Haze: Revisions to Provisions Governing Alternatives to Source-Specific Best Available...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-31

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Parts 51 and 52 [EPA-HQ-OAR-2011-0729; FRL-9624-4] RIN 2060-AR05 Regional Haze: Revisions to Provisions Governing Alternatives to Source-Specific Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) Determinations, Limited SIP Approvals, and Federal Implementation Plans AGENCY...

The Social Information Processing model as a framework for explaining frequent aggression in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of the evidence.

PubMed

Larkin, Peter; Jahoda, Andrew; MacMahon, Ken

2013-09-01

There is an established evidence base con-cerning the use of anger management interventions with violent offenders who have intellectual disabilities. However, there has been limited research investigating the role of social cognitive factors underpinning problems of aggression. Psychosocial sources of agg-ression in the non-disabled population are generally discussed using Social Information Processing (SIP) models. A systematic review of the available evidence was carried out to establish whether SIP offers a useful explanatory model for understanding the contribution of social cognitive factors to problems of aggression presented by people with intellectual disabilities. Whilst research relating to the SIP model remains sparse for this population, there was evidence for different patterns of processing between aggressive and non-aggressive individuals. Group diff-erences included interpretation of emotional cues, inter-personal attributions and beliefs about the outcomes of aggressive behaviour. The future direction of SIP research with people who have intellectual disabilities is discussed, along with the possibility of using this framework to help build on current initiatives to develop individually tailored interventions to work at a cognitive level with those who are aggressive and offend. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Psychometric evaluation of the Social Interaction Phobia Scale.

PubMed

Reilly, Alison R; Carleton, R Nicholas; Weeks, Justin W

2012-01-01

The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a novel measure of social anxiety symptoms, the Social Interaction Phobia Scale (SIPS), as a stand-alone item set, using an undergraduate sample (N=512). The 14-item SIPS has three subscales assessing Social Interaction Anxiety, Fear of Overt Evaluation, and Fear of Attracting Attention. Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the three-factor structure for the SIPS originally reported by Carleton et al. All SIPS scores demonstrated good internal consistency. The convergent validity of the SIPS was supported by strong and positive correlations between all SIPS scores and measures of social anxiety and fear of evaluation; the finding that the relationships between all SIPS scores and a social anxiety measure were stronger than relationships between all SIPS scores and measures of other constructs supported the discriminant validity of the SIPS. Results suggest that the SIPS possesses excellent psychometric properties.

Advances in recurrence and malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papillomas

PubMed Central

Sun, Qingjia; An, Lifeng; Zheng, Jun; Zhu, Dongdong

2017-01-01

Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a benign tumor of the nasal cavity and sinus. SIP is characterized by aggressive malignant transformation and a high rate of recurrence. Inadequate removal of the tumor during surgery is one of the most significant contributors to SIP recurrence. A growing body of evidence suggests that molecular alteration in SIP, including human papilloma virus infections, single nucleotide polymorphisms of key genes, deregulation of signaling pathways and immunological changes, may lead to SIP occurrence and malignant transformation. However, the extent to which these molecular mechanisms contribute to SIP pathology and transformation remains unclear due to limited research. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the primary dependent factors that contribute to SIP etiology. The present article reviewed risk factors of progression and recurrence of SIP, including outdoor and industrial occupational exposure, smoking, septal deviation, SIP location, recurrent cases, stage of SIP-associated squamous cell carcinoma and choice of surgical method. PMID:28599459

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) response of mine tailings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Placencia-Gómez, Edmundo; Parviainen, Annika; Slater, Lee; Leveinen, Jussi

2015-02-01

Mine tailings impoundments are a source of leachates known as acid mine drainage (AMD) which can pose a contamination risk for surrounding surface and groundwater. Methodologies which can help management of this environmental issue are needed. We carried out a laboratory study of the spectral induced polarization (SIP) response of tailings from the Haveri Au-Cu mine, SW Finland. The primary objectives were, (1) to determine possible correlations between SIP parameters and textural properties associated with oxidative-weathering mechanisms, mineralogical composition and metallic content, and (2) to evaluate the effects of the pore water chemistry on SIP parameters associated with redox-inactive and redox-active electrolytes varying in molar concentration, conductivity and pH. The Haveri tailings exhibit well defined relaxation spectra between 100 and 10,000 Hz. The relaxation magnitudes are governed by the in-situ oxidative-weathering conditions on sulphide mineral surfaces contained in the tailings, and decrease with the oxidation degree. The oxidation-driven textural variation in the tailings results in changes to the frequency peak of the phase angle, the imaginary conductivity and chargeability, when plotted versus the pore water conductivity. In contrast, the real and the formation electrical conductivity components show a single linear dependence on the pore water conductivity. The increase of the pore water conductivity (dominated by the increase of ions concentration in solution) along with a transition to acidic conditions shifts the polarization peak towards higher frequencies. These findings show the unique sensitivity of the SIP method to potentially discriminate AMD discharges from reactive oxidation zones in tailings, suggesting a significant advantage for monitoring threatened aquifers.

77 FR 58829 - Adequacy Status: South Carolina: Portion of York County, SC Within Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... (SIP) means that transportation activities will not produce new air quality violations, worsen existing... Nonattainment Area; Maintenance Plan Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget for Transportation Conformity Purposes... the ``bi-state Charlotte Area'' or ``Area'') are adequate for transportation conformity purposes...

78 FR 58460 - Revision of Air Quality Implementation Plan; California; Placer County Air Pollution Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-24

...EPA is finalizing a limited approval and limited disapproval of two permitting rules submitted by California as a revision to the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) and Feather River Air Quality Management District (FRAQMD) portion of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions were proposed in the Federal Register on February 22, 2013 and concern construction and modification of stationary sources of air pollution within each District. We are approving local rules that regulate these emission sources under the Clean Air Act as amended in 1990 (CAA). Final approval of these rules makes the rules federally enforceable and corrects program deficiencies identified in a previous EPA rulemaking (76 FR 44809, July 27, 2011). EPA is also making a technical amendment to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) to reflect this previous rulemaking, which removed an obsolete provision from the California SIP.

77 FR 23178 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Deferral for CO2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-18

... other than fossil fuels and mineral sources of carbon. Examples of ``biogenic CO 2 emissions'' include... biomass can be part of the national strategy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Efforts are underway at.... In that event, Virginia may revise its SIP accordingly. For stationary sources co-firing fossil fuel...

76 FR 2581 - Action To Ensure Authority To Issue Permits Under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-14

... or Act) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program to sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs... issue preconstruction PSD permits to GHG- emitting sources. This action is related to EPA's recent final rule, the GHG PSD SIP Call, published on December 13, 2010, in which EPA made a finding of substantial...

Prevalence and Correlates of Sipping Alcohol in a Prospective Middle School Sample

PubMed Central

Jackson, Kristina M.; Colby, Suzanne M.; Barnett, Nancy P.; Abar, Caitlin C.

2015-01-01

Research documents an association between early use of alcohol and adverse outcomes. Most studies on drinking initiation exclude sipping or confound sips with consumption of a full drink. Yet, even a few sips of alcohol can constitute a meaningful experience for naïve drinkers. Prior research with this project indicated that sipping prior to middle school predicted subsequent adverse outcomes (at high-school entry), even controlling for child externalizing and sensation seeking and parent alcohol use. The present study extends our prior work by examining the correlates of early sipping and sipping onset. The sample was comprised of 1,023 6th, 7th, and 8th graders (52% female; 24% non-White, 12% Hispanic). Participants completed web-based surveys on five occasions over the course of two years. The prevalence of sipping at Wave 1 was 37%, with 29% of never-sippers initiating sipping within two years. Sipping was associated with stronger alcohol-related cognitions and low school engagement as well as contextual influences in the peer, sibling, and parent domains. Sipping onset among never-sippers was prospectively predicted by sensation seeking and problem behavior as well as parental and sibling influences. Importantly, mere availability of alcohol was a strong correlate both concurrently and prospectively. Further analyses demonstrated that youth who sipped alcohol with parental permission had a lower profile of risk and healthier relationships with parents as compared to youth who reported unsanctioned sipping. Findings point to the importance of considering fine-grained early drinking behavior and call for further attention to sipping in research on initiation of alcohol use. PMID:25938631

The relationship between disease and function and perceived health in very frail elders.

PubMed

Mulrow, C D; Gerety, M B; Cornell, J E; Lawrence, V A; Kanten, D N

1994-04-01

To study associations between disease and observed function and self-perceived health in very frail elders. Cross-sectional survey of nine nursing homes in San Antonio, TX. 194 elderly long-stay nursing home residents dependent in at least two ADLs and without severe cognitive impairment. Burden of disease (BOD) was chart abstracted using a standardized protocol that assessed types and severities of 59 categorizations of chronic and acute medical conditions. Observed function and self-perceived health status were assessed independently by the Katz Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), respectively. Summary BOD scores had a low, but statistically significant, univariate correlation with ADL scores (r = 0.21, P = 0.003) and no significant correlation with SIP scores (R = -0.008). Multiple linear regression analyses, including the 24 most frequent disease categories, showed that disease explained significant amounts of ADL (r2 = 0.25, P = 0.001) and borderline significant amounts of SIP (r2 = 0.16, P = 0.11). Models including both disease and sociodemographic, cognitive, and affective variables showed disease added significant incremental explantation beyond the other factors to ADL (incremental r2 = 0.14, P = 0.04), but not to SIP (incremental r2 = 0.08, P > 0.10). Disease, observed function, and self-perceived health status are separate, but interrelated entities, with disease having a stronger relationship to observed function than self-perceived health. Comprehensive assessment of frail elders may need to include all three areas, and studies that focus on one area should take into account the other two as potential important covariates.

Friendship quality and social information processing in clinically anxious children.

PubMed

Baker, J R; Hudson, J L

2014-02-01

The association between perceived friendship quality (FQ) and social information processing (SIP) was examined in three groups of children and their close friends aged 7-12 years: 16 anxiety disordered children with social phobia (SP); 12 anxiety disordered children without SP (No-SP); and 32 nonclinical children. Positive and negative FQ positively associated with target children's positive and negative responding on a vignette measure of SIP. SP children reported lower positive SIP than No-SP but not nonclinical children; and this was the only group difference in SIP. Target children and their friends were similar in negative but not positive SIP. Following discussion about the vignette with a close friend, all target children increased in positive SIP; negative SIP did not change. Lower FQ and a more socially anxious friend predicted higher negative target child SIP postdiscussion. Close friendships play an important role in the SIP of both clinical and nonclinical children.

78 FR 74012 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Oregon; Revised Format for Materials...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-10

...-regulatory and quasi-regulatory portions of the Oregon SIP. DATES: This action is effective January 9, 2014.... EPA-approved source-specific permits. 5. EPA-approved nonregulatory and quasi-regulatory provisions...

Silica-Induced Protein (Sip) in Thermophilic Bacterium Thermus thermophilus Responds to Low Iron Availability

PubMed Central

Fujino, Yasuhiro; Nagayoshi, Yuko; Iwase, Makoto; Yokoyama, Takushi; Ohshima, Toshihisa

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Thermus thermophilus HB8 expresses silica-induced protein (Sip) when cultured in medium containing supersaturated silicic acids. Using genomic information, Sip was identified as a Fe3+-binding ABC transporter. Detection of a 1-kb hybridized band in Northern analysis revealed that sip transcription is monocistronic and that sip has its own terminator and promoter. The sequence of the sip promoter showed homology with that of the σA-dependent promoter, which is known as a housekeeping promoter in HB8. Considering that sip is transcribed when supersaturated silicic acids are added, the existence of a repressor is presumed. DNA microarray analysis suggested that supersaturated silicic acids and iron deficiency affect Thermus cells similarly, and enhanced sip transcription was detected under both conditions. This suggested that sip transcription was initiated by iron deficiency and that the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) controlled the transcription. Three Fur gene homologues (TTHA0255, TTHA0344, and TTHA1292) have been annotated in the HB8 genome, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that the TTHA0344 product interacts with the sip promoter region. In medium containing supersaturated silicic acids, free Fe3+ levels were decreased due to Fe3+ immobilization on colloidal silica. This suggests that, because Fe3+ ions are captured by colloidal silica in geothermal water, Thermus cells are continuously exposed to the risk of iron deficiency. Considering that Sip is involved in iron acquisition, Sip production may be a strategy to survive under conditions of low iron availability in geothermal water. IMPORTANCE The thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB8 produces silica-induced protein (Sip) in the presence of supersaturated silicic acids. Sip has homology with iron-binding ABC transporter; however, the mechanism by which Sip expression is induced by silicic acids remains unexplained. We demonstrate that Sip captures iron and its transcription is regulated by the repressor ferric uptake regulator (Fur). This implies that Sip is expressed with iron deficiency. In addition, it is suggested that negatively charged colloidal silica in supersaturated solution absorbs Fe3+ ions and decreases iron availability. Considering that geothermal water contains ample silicic acids, it is suggested that thermophilic bacteria are always facing iron starvation. Sip production may be a strategy for surviving under conditions of low iron availability in geothermal water. PMID:26994077

Analysis of Active Methylotrophic Communities: When DNA-SIP Meets High-Throughput Technologies.

PubMed

Taubert, Martin; Grob, Carolina; Howat, Alexandra M; Burns, Oliver J; Chen, Yin; Neufeld, Josh D; Murrell, J Colin

2016-01-01

Methylotrophs are microorganisms ubiquitous in the environment that can metabolize one-carbon (C1) compounds as carbon and/or energy sources. The activity of these prokaryotes impacts biogeochemical cycles within their respective habitats and can determine whether these habitats act as sources or sinks of C1 compounds. Due to the high importance of C1 compounds, not only in biogeochemical cycles, but also for climatic processes, it is vital to understand the contributions of these microorganisms to carbon cycling in different environments. One of the most challenging questions when investigating methylotrophs, but also in environmental microbiology in general, is which species contribute to the environmental processes of interest, or "who does what, where and when?" Metabolic labeling with C1 compounds substituted with (13)C, a technique called stable isotope probing, is a key method to trace carbon fluxes within methylotrophic communities. The incorporation of (13)C into the biomass of active methylotrophs leads to an increase in the molecular mass of their biomolecules. For DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP), labeled and unlabeled DNA is separated by isopycnic ultracentrifugation. The ability to specifically analyze DNA of active methylotrophs from a complex background community by high-throughput sequencing techniques, i.e. targeted metagenomics, is the hallmark strength of DNA-SIP for elucidating ecosystem functioning, and a protocol is detailed in this chapter.

46 CFR 8.570 - Interim approval of prototype SIP company or vessel plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Interim approval of prototype SIP company or vessel... of prototype SIP company or vessel plans. (a) A company operating under an approved prototype SIP... continue operating under the plans while revisions are developed to bring the prototype SIP company or...

78 FR 37164 - Revisions to the Air Emissions Reporting Requirements: Revisions to Lead (Pb) Reporting Threshold...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-20

...Today's action proposes changes to the existing EPA emission inventory reporting requirements on state, local, and tribal agencies in the current Air Emissions Reporting Requirements rule published on December 17, 2008. The proposed amendments would lower the current threshold for reporting Pb sources as point sources; eliminate the requirement for reporting emissions from wildfires and prescribed fires; and replace a requirement for reporting mobile source emissions with a requirement for reporting the input parameters that can be used to run the EPA models that generate the emissions estimates. In addition, the proposed amendments would reduce the reporting burden on state, local, and tribal agencies by removing the requirements to report daily and seasonal emissions associated with carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and particulate matter up to 10 micrometers in size (PM10) nonattainment areas and nitrogen oxides (NOX) State Implementation Plan (SIP) call areas, although reporting requirements for those emissions would remain in other regulations. Lastly, the proposed amendments would clarify, remove, or simplify some current emissions reporting requirements which we believe are not necessary or are not clearly aligned with current inventory terminology and practices.

The Spectral Image Processing System (SIPS): Software for integrated analysis of AVIRIS data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kruse, F. A.; Lefkoff, A. B.; Boardman, J. W.; Heidebrecht, K. B.; Shapiro, A. T.; Barloon, P. J.; Goetz, A. F. H.

1992-01-01

The Spectral Image Processing System (SIPS) is a software package developed by the Center for the Study of Earth from Space (CSES) at the University of Colorado, Boulder, in response to a perceived need to provide integrated tools for analysis of imaging spectrometer data both spectrally and spatially. SIPS was specifically designed to deal with data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) and the High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (HIRIS), but was tested with other datasets including the Geophysical and Environmental Research Imaging Spectrometer (GERIS), GEOSCAN images, and Landsat TM. SIPS was developed using the 'Interactive Data Language' (IDL). It takes advantage of high speed disk access and fast processors running under the UNIX operating system to provide rapid analysis of entire imaging spectrometer datasets. SIPS allows analysis of single or multiple imaging spectrometer data segments at full spatial and spectral resolution. It also allows visualization and interactive analysis of image cubes derived from quantitative analysis procedures such as absorption band characterization and spectral unmixing. SIPS consists of three modules: SIPS Utilities, SIPS_View, and SIPS Analysis. SIPS version 1.1 is described below.

40 CFR 52.881 - PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... development in group II areas. 52.881 Section 52.881 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Kansas § 52.881 PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas. The state has submitted a committal SIP for...

40 CFR 52.881 - PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... development in group II areas. 52.881 Section 52.881 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Kansas § 52.881 PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas. The state has submitted a committal SIP for...

40 CFR 52.881 - PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... development in group II areas. 52.881 Section 52.881 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Kansas § 52.881 PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas. The state has submitted a committal SIP for...

40 CFR 52.881 - PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... development in group II areas. 52.881 Section 52.881 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Kansas § 52.881 PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas. The state has submitted a committal SIP for...

40 CFR 52.881 - PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... development in group II areas. 52.881 Section 52.881 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Kansas § 52.881 PM10 State implementation plan development in group II areas. The state has submitted a committal SIP for...

75 FR 63139 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans-Maricopa County (Phoenix) PM-10 Nonattainment...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-14

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans--Maricopa County (Phoenix) PM-10 Nonattainment Area; Serious Area Plan for... implementation plan (SIP) revisions submitted by the State of Arizona to meet, among other requirements, section... (Maricopa area). Specifically, EPA proposed to disapprove provisions of the 189(d) plan because they do not...

State Implementation Plan (SIP) Checklist Guide

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Guidance documents and examples to assist air quality agencies of non-attainment areas in developing plans to implement national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS), including the ground-level ozone standard.

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) response of mine tailings.

PubMed

Placencia-Gómez, Edmundo; Parviainen, Annika; Slater, Lee; Leveinen, Jussi

2015-02-01

Mine tailings impoundments are a source of leachates known as acid mine drainage (AMD) which can pose a contamination risk for surrounding surface and groundwater. Methodologies which can help management of this environmental issue are needed. We carried out a laboratory study of the spectral induced polarization (SIP) response of tailings from the Haveri Au-Cu mine, SW Finland. The primary objectives were, (1) to determine possible correlations between SIP parameters and textural properties associated with oxidative-weathering mechanisms, mineralogical composition and metallic content, and (2) to evaluate the effects of the pore water chemistry on SIP parameters associated with redox-inactive and redox-active electrolytes varying in molar concentration, conductivity and pH. The Haveri tailings exhibit well defined relaxation spectra between 100 and 10,000Hz. The relaxation magnitudes are governed by the in-situ oxidative-weathering conditions on sulphide mineral surfaces contained in the tailings, and decrease with the oxidation degree. The oxidation-driven textural variation in the tailings results in changes to the frequency peak of the phase angle, the imaginary conductivity and chargeability, when plotted versus the pore water conductivity. In contrast, the real and the formation electrical conductivity components show a single linear dependence on the pore water conductivity. The increase of the pore water conductivity (dominated by the increase of ions concentration in solution) along with a transition to acidic conditions shifts the polarization peak towards higher frequencies. These findings show the unique sensitivity of the SIP method to potentially discriminate AMD discharges from reactive oxidation zones in tailings, suggesting a significant advantage for monitoring threatened aquifers. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

ICESat (GLAS) Science Processing Software Document Series. Volume 1; Science Software Management Plan; 3.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hancock, David W., III

1999-01-01

This document provides the Software Management Plan for the GLAS Standard Data Software (SDS) supporting the GLAS instrument of the EOS ICESat Spacecraft. The SDS encompasses the ICESat Science Investigator-led Processing System (I-SIPS) Software and the Instrument Support Terminal (IST) Software. For the I-SIPS Software, the SDS will produce Level 0, Level 1, and Level 2 data products as well as the associated product quality assessments and descriptive information. For the IST Software, the SDS will accommodate the GLAS instrument support areas of engineering status, command, performance assessment, and instrument health status.

40 CFR 52.1638 - Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) New Mexico § 52.1638 Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On December 7, 1988, the Governor of New Mexico submitted a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP... SIPs. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County Air Quality Control Board adopted this SIP revision...

40 CFR 52.1638 - Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) New Mexico § 52.1638 Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On December 7, 1988, the Governor of New Mexico submitted a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP... SIPs. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County Air Quality Control Board adopted this SIP revision...

75 FR 28626 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): SIP 10...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-21

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): SIP 10-029, Pilot Study--Cancer Survivorship Care Planning & SIP 10-030, Evaluating Special Events as a Recruitment Strategy for Cancer Screening, Initial Review In accordance...

EPA Approved Regulations in the Texas SIP

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

changed name to EPA Approved Regulations in the Texas SIP, Add links to:Texas Read Me; Texas SIP History;Current/Previous SIP-Approved Regulations; Delete regulations--now in /node/191099, removed tables

OVERVIEW AND STATUS OF THE PM SUPERSITES PROGRAM

EPA Science Inventory

The PM Supersites program was first conceived as a set of special studies extending beyond the national regulatory networks for particulate matter (PM) to elucidate source-receptor relationships and atmospheric processes in support of State implementation plans (SIP's). The pr...

Final Approval of California Air Plan Revision; Mobile Source Regulations

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final action to approve a submittal by California to revise its SIP regulations establishing standards and requirements relating to the control of emissions from new and in-use ond and off-road vehicles and engines..

EPA Approved New Jersey Source-Specific Requirements

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This section sets forth the applicable State Implementation Plan (SIP) for New Jersey under section 110 of the Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., and 40 CFR part 51 to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

PM State Implementation Plan (SIP) Checklist Guide

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Guidance documents and examples to assist air quality agencies of non-attainment areas in developing plans to implement national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS), including the PM air emissions standard.

Lead State Implementation Plan (SIP) Checklist Guide

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Guidance documents and examples to assist air quality agencies of non-attainment areas in developing plans to implement national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS), including the lead air emissions standard.

Clone of EPA Approved Regulations in the Texas SIP

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

changed name to EPA Approved Regulations in the Texas SIP, Add links to:Texas Read Me; Texas SIP History;Current/Previous SIP-Approved Regulations; Delete regulations--now in /node/191099, removed tables

A response strategy predicts acquisition of schedule-induced polydipsia in rats.

PubMed

Gregory, James Gardner; Hawken, Emily R; Banasikowski, Tomek J; Dumont, Eric C; Beninger, Richard J

2015-08-03

Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) is excessive, non-regulatory drinking. We aimed to identify phenotypic learning traits representative of neural circuitry that underlies SIP and hypothesized that rats that are response-learners will be more susceptible in developing compulsive water drinking. Using the Y-maze, the rats were characterized as either place- or response-learners. They were exposed to the SIP protocol for a period of 21days. Subsequent histological staining for FosB/ΔFosB examined neuronal activation associated with SIP in several brain regions. The rats with a preference for a response-learning strategy were more likely to develop SIP than the rats using a place-learning strategy. Furthermore amphetamine sensitization, observed to increase SIP, also shifted learning strategy to a response-learning strategy. No differences were observed in FosB/ΔFosB expression between SIP and non-SIP rats in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and CA1 region of the hippocampus. However, SIP rats had greater FosB/ΔFosB expression in prefrontal cortex regions. The rats that develop SIP have a preference for response-learning strategies and increased neuronal activation in frontal cortical regions associated with habit formation and compulsion. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS)--influence of SIPS on radiotherapy.

PubMed

Suzuki, Masatoshi; Boothman, David A

2008-03-01

Replicative senescence is a fundamental feature in normal human diploid cells and results from dysfunctional telomeres at the Hayflick cell division limit. Ionizing radiation (IR) prematurely induces the same phenotypes as replicative senescence prior to the Hayflick limit. This process is known as stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Since the cell cycle is irreversibly arrested in SIPS-induced cells, even if they are stimulated by various growth factors, it is thought that SIPS is a form of cell death, irreversibly eliminating replicating cells. IR-induced-focus formation of DNA repair proteins, a marker of DNA damage, is detected in SIPS as well as replicative senescent cells. Furthermore, both processes persistently induce cell cycle checkpoint mechanisms, indicating DNA damage created by ionizing radiation induces SIPS in normal cells, possibly by the same mechanisms as those occurring in replicative senescence. Interestingly, IR induces SIPS not only in normal cells, but also in tumor cells. Due to the expression of telomerase in tumor cells, telomere-dependent replicative senescence does not occur. However, SIPS is induced under certain conditions after IR exposure. Thus, cell death triggered by IR can be attributed to apoptosis or SIPS in tumor cells. However, metabolic function remains intact in SIPS-induced cancer cells, and recent studies show that senescence eliminate cells undergoing SIPS secrete various kinds of factors outside the cell, changing the microenvironment. Evidence using co-culture systems containing normal senescent stromal cells and epithelial tumor cells show that factors secreted from senescent stroma cells promote the growth of tumor epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, regulation of factors secreted from SIPS-induced stromal cells, as well as tumor cells, may affect radiotherapy.

77 FR 76173 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Washington; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

...EPA is proposing to partially approve and partially disapprove a Washington Regional Haze Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the State of Washington on December 22, 2010, that addresses regional haze for the first implementation period. This plan was submitted to meet the requirements of Clean Air Act (CAA) sections 169A and 169B that require states to prevent any future and remedy any existing man-made impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas. EPA is proposing to: (1) Approve portions of this SIP submittal as meeting most of the requirements of the regional haze program, (2) propose a limited approval and limited disapproval of the SO2 Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) determination for Intalco Aluminum Corp. (Intalco) potline operation and propose a federal ``Better than BART'' alternative, and (3) propose to disapprove the NOx BART determination for five BART emission units at the Tesoro Refining and Marketing refinery (Tesoro) and propose a federal Better than BART alternative. This combined rule package of proposed SIP approved elements and proposed federal elements will meet the requirements of CAA sections 169A and 169B. On August 20, 2012, EPA approved those provisions of the Washington SIP addressing the BART determination for TransAlta Centralia Generation L.L.C. coal fired power plant (TransAlta).

Use of noise attenuation modeling in managing missile motor detonation activities.

PubMed

McFarland, Michael J; Watkins, Jeffrey W; Kordich, Micheal M; Pollet, Dean A; Palmer, Glenn R

2004-03-01

The Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) and Blast Operation Overpressure Model (BOOM) are semiempirical sound models that are employed by the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) to predict whether noise levels from the detonation of large missile motors will exceed regulatory thresholds. Field validation of SIPS confirmed that the model was effective in limiting the number of detonations of large missile motors that could potentially result in a regulatory noise exceedance. Although the SIPS accurately predicted the impact of weather on detonation noise propagation, regulators have required that the more conservative BOOM model be employed in conjunction with SIPS in evaluating peak noise levels in populated areas. By simultaneously considering the output of both models, in 2001, UTTR detonated 104 missile motors having net explosive weights (NEW) that ranged between 14,960 and 38,938 lb without a recorded public noise complaint. Based on the encouraging results, the U.S. Department of Defense is considering expanding the application of these noise models to support the detonation of missile motors having a NEW of 81,000 lb. Recent modeling results suggest that, under appropriate weather conditions, missile motors containing up to 96,000 lb NEW can be detonated at the UTTR without exceeding the regulatory noise limit of 134 decibels (dB).

Social information processing in children: specific relations to anxiety, depression, and affect.

PubMed

Luebbe, Aaron M; Bell, Debora J; Allwood, Maureen A; Swenson, Lance P; Early, Martha C

2010-01-01

Two studies examined shared and unique relations of social information processing (SIP) to youth's anxious and depressive symptoms. Whether SIP added unique variance over and above trait affect in predicting internalizing symptoms was also examined. In Study 1, 215 youth (ages 8-13) completed symptom measures of anxiety and depression and a vignette-based interview measure of SIP. Anxiety and depression were each related to a more negative information-processing style. Only depression was uniquely related to a less positive information processing style. In Study 2, 127 youth (ages 10-13) completed measures of anxiety, depression, SIP, and trait affect. SIP's relations to internalizing symptoms were replicated. Over and above negative affect, negative SIP predicted both anxiety and depression. Low positive SIP added variance over and above positive affect in predicting only depression. Finally, SIP functioning partially mediated the relations of affect to internalizing symptoms.

High-sensitivity stable-isotope probing by a quantitative terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol.

PubMed

Andeer, Peter; Strand, Stuart E; Stahl, David A

2012-01-01

Stable-isotope probing (SIP) has proved a valuable cultivation-independent tool for linking specific microbial populations to selected functions in various natural and engineered systems. However, application of SIP to microbial populations with relatively minor buoyant density increases, such as populations that utilize compounds as a nitrogen source, results in reduced resolution of labeled populations. We therefore developed a tandem quantitative PCR (qPCR)-TRFLP (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) protocol that improves resolution of detection by quantifying specific taxonomic groups in gradient fractions. This method combines well-controlled amplification with TRFLP analysis to quantify relative taxon abundance in amplicon pools of FAM-labeled PCR products, using the intercalating dye EvaGreen to monitor amplification. Method accuracy was evaluated using mixtures of cloned 16S rRNA genes, DNA extracted from low- and high-G+C bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Rhodococcus, Variovorax, and Microbacterium), and DNA from soil microcosms amended with known amounts of genomic DNA from bacterial isolates. Improved resolution of minor shifts in buoyant density relative to TRFLP analysis alone was confirmed using well-controlled SIP analyses.

77 FR 11894 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; South Carolina; Regional Haze...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-28

... Class I areas (national parks and wilderness areas) caused by emissions of air pollutants from numerous... conditions in Class I areas. EPA is proposing a limited approval of this SIP revision to implement the... consider to be CBI or otherwise protected. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access...

40 CFR 52.530 - Significant deterioration of air quality.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Air Resource Management that establishes prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) applicability...-emitting sources and issue GHG PSD permits. FDEP's December 19, 2013 SIP revision also includes a GHG PSD Permit Transition Plan which governs the transition from EPA administering GHG PSD permitting...

Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy Programs in State Implementation Plans - Guidance Documents

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

final document that provides guidance to States and local areas on quantifying and including emission reductions from energy efficiency and renewable energy measures in State Implementation Plans (SIPS).

75 FR 32190 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): SIP 10...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-07

... Approaches To Preventing Teen Pregnancy Among Underserved Populations and SIP 10-035, Impact of High School... received in response to ``SIP 10-033, Innovative Approaches to Preventing Teen Pregnancy among Underserved...

CacyBP/SIP as a regulator of transcriptional responses in brain cells

PubMed Central

Kilanczyk, Ewa; Filipek, Anna; Hetman, Michal

2014-01-01

Summary The Calcyclin-Binding Protein/Siah-1-Interacting Protein (CacyBP/SIP) is highly expressed in the brain and was shown to regulate the β-catenin-driven transcription in thymocytes. Therefore, it was investigated whether in brain cells CacyBP/SIP might play a role as a transcriptional regulator. In BDNF- or forskolin-stimulated rat primary cortical neurons, overexpression of CacyBP/SIP enhanced transcriptional activity of the cAMP-response element (CRE). In addition, overexpressed CacyBP/SIP enhanced BDNF-mediated activation of the Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells (NFAT) but not the Serum Response Element (SRE). These stimulatory effects required an intact C-terminal domain of CacyBP/SIP. Moreover, in C6 rat glioma cells, the overexpressed CacyBP/SIP enhanced activation of CRE- or NFAT- following forskolin- or serum stimulation, respectively. Conversely, knockdown of endogenous CacyBP/SIP reduced activation of CRE- and NFAT but not SRE. Taken together, these results indicate that CacyBP/SIP is a novel regulator of CRE- and NFAT-driven transcription. PMID:25163685

77 FR 24399 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Atlanta; Ozone 2002 Base Year...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-24

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Atlanta; Ozone 2002 Base Year Emissions Inventory AGENCY... approve the ozone 2002 base year emissions inventory, portion of the state implementation plan (SIP... Atlanta, Georgia (hereafter referred to as ``the Atlanta Area'' or ``Area''), ozone attainment...

76 FR 74000 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-30

... (BRNA or BR), revisions to the Louisiana SIP that meet the Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT... show that the area continues to attain the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. EPA also determined that the BR... expressed overall support for EPA's [[Page 74001

75 FR 45057 - Adequacy Status of Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets in Submitted Reasonable Further Progress and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-02

... determining whether they conform. Conformity to a SIP means that transportation activities will not produce... Nonattainment areas for Transportation Conformity Purposes; NY AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA... Poughkeepsie, New York 8-hour ozone nonattainment area, to be adequate for transportation conformity purposes...

Individual differences in schedule-induced polydipsia: neuroanatomical dopamine divergences.

PubMed

Pellón, Ricardo; Ruíz, Ana; Moreno, Margarita; Claro, Francisco; Ambrosio, Emilio; Flores, Pilar

2011-02-02

Autoradiography analysis of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors and c-Fos activity were performed in brain of rats classified as low drinkers (LD) and high drinkers (HD) according to schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) performance. Previous studies have shown that groups selected according to their rate of drinking in SIP differ in behavioral response to dopaminergic drugs. This study reports differences between LD and HD rats in dopamine D1 and D2 receptor binding through different mesocorticolimbic brain areas. LD and HD rats showed opposite patterns of binding in dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens, medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra. Whereas LD rats showed higher binding than HD rats for D1 receptors, HD rats showed higher binding than LD rats for D2 receptors (except in substantia nigra that were roughly similar). These neuroanatomical differences in dopamine receptor binding were also associated with an elevated c-Fos count in the medial prefrontal cortex of HD rats. In tandem with previous evidence, our results suggest a different dopaminergic function between LD and HD, and points to SIP as a behavioral model for distinguishing populations possibly vulnerable to dopaminergic function disorders. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The James Webb STEM Innovation Project: Bringing JWST to the Education Community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eisenhamer, Bonnie; Harris, J.; Ryer, H.; Taylor, J.; Bishop, M.

2012-01-01

Building awareness of a NASA mission prior to launch and connecting that mission to the education community can be challenging. In order to address this challenge, the Space Telescope Science Institute's Office of Public Outreach has developed the James Webb STEM innovation Project (SIP) - an interdisciplinary project that focuses on the engineering aspects and potential scientific discoveries of JWST, while incorporating elements of project-based learning. Students in participating schools will use skills from multiple subject areas to research an aspect of the JWST's design or potential science and create models, illustrated essays, or technology-based projects to demonstrate their learning. Student projects will be showcased during special events at select venues in the project states - thus allowing parents and community members to also be benefactors of the project. Currently, the SIP is being piloted in New York, California, and Maryland. In addition, we will be implementing the SIP in partnership with NASA Explorer Schools in the states of New Mexico, Michigan, Texas, Tennessee, and Iowa.

Impact of 50% Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP) on F-76 Fuel Coalescence

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-16

petroleum JP-5 and Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP). SIP fuels are made from direct fermentation of sugar into olefinic hydrocarbons. The olefinic...manufactured scaled down filter/coalescer and separator to simulate the performance of a full-scale filter separator system. This test is designed to predict...5 and Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP). SIP fuels are made from direct fermentation of sugar into olefinic hydrocarbons. The olefinic hydrocarbons

SIPSim: A Modeling Toolkit to Predict Accuracy and Aid Design of DNA-SIP Experiments.

PubMed

Youngblut, Nicholas D; Barnett, Samuel E; Buckley, Daniel H

2018-01-01

DNA Stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) is a powerful method that links identity to function within microbial communities. The combination of DNA-SIP with multiplexed high throughput DNA sequencing enables simultaneous mapping of in situ assimilation dynamics for thousands of microbial taxonomic units. Hence, high throughput sequencing enabled SIP has enormous potential to reveal patterns of carbon and nitrogen exchange within microbial food webs. There are several different methods for analyzing DNA-SIP data and despite the power of SIP experiments, it remains difficult to comprehensively evaluate method accuracy across a wide range of experimental parameters. We have developed a toolset (SIPSim) that simulates DNA-SIP data, and we use this toolset to systematically evaluate different methods for analyzing DNA-SIP data. Specifically, we employ SIPSim to evaluate the effects that key experimental parameters (e.g., level of isotopic enrichment, number of labeled taxa, relative abundance of labeled taxa, community richness, community evenness, and beta-diversity) have on the specificity, sensitivity, and balanced accuracy (defined as the product of specificity and sensitivity) of DNA-SIP analyses. Furthermore, SIPSim can predict analytical accuracy and power as a function of experimental design and community characteristics, and thus should be of great use in the design and interpretation of DNA-SIP experiments.

SIPSim: A Modeling Toolkit to Predict Accuracy and Aid Design of DNA-SIP Experiments

PubMed Central

Youngblut, Nicholas D.; Barnett, Samuel E.; Buckley, Daniel H.

2018-01-01

DNA Stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) is a powerful method that links identity to function within microbial communities. The combination of DNA-SIP with multiplexed high throughput DNA sequencing enables simultaneous mapping of in situ assimilation dynamics for thousands of microbial taxonomic units. Hence, high throughput sequencing enabled SIP has enormous potential to reveal patterns of carbon and nitrogen exchange within microbial food webs. There are several different methods for analyzing DNA-SIP data and despite the power of SIP experiments, it remains difficult to comprehensively evaluate method accuracy across a wide range of experimental parameters. We have developed a toolset (SIPSim) that simulates DNA-SIP data, and we use this toolset to systematically evaluate different methods for analyzing DNA-SIP data. Specifically, we employ SIPSim to evaluate the effects that key experimental parameters (e.g., level of isotopic enrichment, number of labeled taxa, relative abundance of labeled taxa, community richness, community evenness, and beta-diversity) have on the specificity, sensitivity, and balanced accuracy (defined as the product of specificity and sensitivity) of DNA-SIP analyses. Furthermore, SIPSim can predict analytical accuracy and power as a function of experimental design and community characteristics, and thus should be of great use in the design and interpretation of DNA-SIP experiments. PMID:29643843

40 CFR 51.123 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the source: (i) For EGUs and for fossil-fuel-fired non-EGUs that are boilers or combustion turbines... sources in the State. (ii) If a State elects to impose control measures on fossil fuel-fired non-EGUs that... part 75 of this chapter. (ii) If the SIP revision contains measures to control fossil fuel-fired non...

40 CFR 51.123 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... the source: (i) For EGUs and for fossil-fuel-fired non-EGUs that are boilers or combustion turbines... sources in the State. (ii) If a State elects to impose control measures on fossil fuel-fired non-EGUs that... part 75 of this chapter. (ii) If the SIP revision contains measures to control fossil fuel-fired non...

40 CFR 51.123 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... the source: (i) For EGUs and for fossil-fuel-fired non-EGUs that are boilers or combustion turbines... sources in the State. (ii) If a State elects to impose control measures on fossil fuel-fired non-EGUs that... part 75 of this chapter. (ii) If the SIP revision contains measures to control fossil fuel-fired non...

40 CFR 51.123 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the source: (i) For EGUs and for fossil-fuel-fired non-EGUs that are boilers or combustion turbines... sources in the State. (ii) If a State elects to impose control measures on fossil fuel-fired non-EGUs that... part 75 of this chapter. (ii) If the SIP revision contains measures to control fossil fuel-fired non...

40 CFR 51.123 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the source: (i) For EGUs and for fossil-fuel-fired non-EGUs that are boilers or combustion turbines... sources in the State. (ii) If a State elects to impose control measures on fossil fuel-fired non-EGUs that... part 75 of this chapter. (ii) If the SIP revision contains measures to control fossil fuel-fired non...

Sulfur Dioxide State Implementation Plan (SIP) Checklist Guide

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Tools, guidance, and examples to assist air quality agencies of non-attainment areas in developing plans to implement national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS), including the sulfur dioxide (SO2) air emissions standard.

CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation induced by gastrin promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation

PubMed Central

Zhai, Hui-Hong; Meng, Juan; Wang, Jing-Bo; Liu, Zhen-Xiong; Li, Yuan-Fei; Feng, Shan-Shan

2014-01-01

AIM: To investigate the role of nuclear translocation of calcyclin binding protein, also called Siah-1 interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP), in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS: The expression of CacyBP/SIP protein in gastric cancer cell lines was detected by Western blot. Immunofluorescence experiments were performed on gastric cancer cell lines that had been either unstimulated or stimulated with gastrin. To confirm the immunofluorescence findings, the relative abundance of CacyBP/SIP in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments was assessed by Western blot. The effect of nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP on cell proliferation was examined using MTT assay. The colony formation assay was used to measure clonogenic cell survival. The effect of CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation on cell cycle progression was investigated. Two CacyBP/SIP-specific siRNA vectors were designed and constructed to inhibit CacyBP/SIP expression in order to reduce the nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP, and the expression of CacyBP/SIP in stably transfected cells was determined by Western blot. The effect of inhibiting CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation on cell proliferation was then assessed. RESULTS: CacyBP/SIP protein was present in most of gastric cancer cell lines. In unstimulated cells, CacyBP/SIP was distributed throughout the cytoplasm; while in stimulated cells, CacyBP/SIP was found mainly in the perinuclear region. CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation generated a growth-stimulatory effect on cells. The number of colonies in the CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The percentage of stimulated cells in G1 phase was significantly lower than that of control cells (69.70% ± 0.46% and 65.80% ± 0.60%, control cells and gastrin-treated SGC7901 cells, P = 0.008; 72.99% ± 0.46% and 69.36% ± 0.51%, control cells and gastrin-treated MKN45 cells, P = 0.022). CacyBP/SIPsi1 effectively down-regulated the expression of CacyBP/SIP, and cells stably transfected by CacyBP/SIPsi1 were then chosen for further cellular assays. In CacyBP/SIPsi1 stably transfected cells, CacyBP/SIP was shown to be distributed throughout the cytoplasm, irregardless of whether they were stimulated or not. After CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation was reduced, there had no major effect on cell proliferation, as shown by MTT assay. There had no enhanced anchorage-dependent growth upon stimulation, as indicated by colony formation in flat plates. No changes appeared in the percentage of cells in G0-G1 phase in either cell line (71.09% ± 0.16% and 70.86% ± 0.25%, control cells and gastrin-treated SGC7901-CacyBP/SIPsi1 cells, P = 0.101; 74.17% ± 1.04% and 73.07% ± 1.00%, control cells and gastrin-treated MKN45-CacyBP/SIPsi1 cells, P = 0.225). CONCLUSION: CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation promotes the proliferation and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells. PMID:25110433

CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation induced by gastrin promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation.

PubMed

Zhai, Hui-Hong; Meng, Juan; Wang, Jing-Bo; Liu, Zhen-Xiong; Li, Yuan-Fei; Feng, Shan-Shan

2014-08-07

To investigate the role of nuclear translocation of calcyclin binding protein, also called Siah-1 interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP), in gastric carcinogenesis. The expression of CacyBP/SIP protein in gastric cancer cell lines was detected by Western blot. Immunofluorescence experiments were performed on gastric cancer cell lines that had been either unstimulated or stimulated with gastrin. To confirm the immunofluorescence findings, the relative abundance of CacyBP/SIP in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments was assessed by Western blot. The effect of nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP on cell proliferation was examined using MTT assay. The colony formation assay was used to measure clonogenic cell survival. The effect of CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation on cell cycle progression was investigated. Two CacyBP/SIP-specific siRNA vectors were designed and constructed to inhibit CacyBP/SIP expression in order to reduce the nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP, and the expression of CacyBP/SIP in stably transfected cells was determined by Western blot. The effect of inhibiting CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation on cell proliferation was then assessed. CacyBP/SIP protein was present in most of gastric cancer cell lines. In unstimulated cells, CacyBP/SIP was distributed throughout the cytoplasm; while in stimulated cells, CacyBP/SIP was found mainly in the perinuclear region. CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation generated a growth-stimulatory effect on cells. The number of colonies in the CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The percentage of stimulated cells in G1 phase was significantly lower than that of control cells (69.70% ± 0.46% and 65.80% ± 0.60%, control cells and gastrin-treated SGC7901 cells, P = 0.008; 72.99% ± 0.46% and 69.36% ± 0.51%, control cells and gastrin-treated MKN45 cells, P = 0.022). CacyBP/SIPsi1 effectively down-regulated the expression of CacyBP/SIP, and cells stably transfected by CacyBP/SIPsi1 were then chosen for further cellular assays. In CacyBP/SIPsi1 stably transfected cells, CacyBP/SIP was shown to be distributed throughout the cytoplasm, irregardless of whether they were stimulated or not. After CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation was reduced, there had no major effect on cell proliferation, as shown by MTT assay. There had no enhanced anchorage-dependent growth upon stimulation, as indicated by colony formation in flat plates. No changes appeared in the percentage of cells in G0-G1 phase in either cell line (71.09% ± 0.16% and 70.86% ± 0.25%, control cells and gastrin-treated SGC7901-CacyBP/SIPsi1 cells, P = 0.101; 74.17% ± 1.04% and 73.07% ± 1.00%, control cells and gastrin-treated MKN45-CacyBP/SIPsi1 cells, P = 0.225). CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation promotes the proliferation and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells.

75 FR 51960 - Proposed Rule To Implement the 1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard: New...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-24

... these applicable requirements until the area attains the 1997 8-hour NAAQS. 40 CFR 51.905(b... nonattainment NSR in SIPs.\\5\\ Also, EPA is proposing to amend Sec. 51.905(a)(3), which details how areas... treatment of such areas. As explained previously, 51.905(a)(3) allows 1997 8-hour NAAQS attainment areas...

76 FR 14805 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Hampshire; Determination of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-18

... Implementation Plans (SIPs) related to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for so long as the area... related to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for this area, for so long as the area continues to... moderate 1997 8-hour ozone nonattainment area has attained the 1997 8-hour National Ambient Air Quality...

Loss of Sip1 leads to migration defects and retention of ectodermal markers during lens development.

PubMed

Manthey, Abby L; Lachke, Salil A; FitzGerald, Paul G; Mason, Robert W; Scheiblin, David A; McDonald, John H; Duncan, Melinda K

2014-02-01

SIP1 encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates multiple developmental processes, as highlighted by the pleiotropic defects observed in Mowat-Wilson syndrome, which results from mutations in this gene. Further, in adults, dysregulated SIP1 expression has been implicated in both cancer and fibrotic diseases, where it functionally links TGFβ signaling to the loss of epithelial cell characteristics and gene expression. In the ocular lens, an epithelial tissue important for vision, Sip1 is co-expressed with epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin, and is required for the complete separation of the lens vesicle from the head ectoderm during early ocular morphogenesis. However, the function of Sip1 after early lens morphogenesis is still unknown. Here, we conditionally deleted Sip1 from the developing mouse lens shortly after lens vesicle closure, leading to defects in coordinated fiber cell tip migration, defective suture formation, and cataract. Interestingly, RNA-Sequencing analysis on Sip1 knockout lenses identified 190 differentially expressed genes, all of which are distinct from previously described Sip1 target genes. Furthermore, 34% of the genes with increased expression in the Sip1 knockout lenses are normally downregulated as the lens transitions from the lens vesicle to early lens, while 49% of the genes with decreased expression in the Sip1 knockout lenses are normally upregulated during early lens development. Overall, these data imply that Sip1 plays a major role in reprogramming the lens vesicle away from a surface ectoderm cell fate towards that necessary for the development of a transparent lens and demonstrate that Sip1 regulates distinctly different sets of genes in different cellular contexts. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Loss of Sip1 leads to migration defects and retention of ectodermal markers during lens development

PubMed Central

Manthey, Abby L.; Lachke, Salil A.; FitzGerald, Paul G.; Mason, Robert W.; Scheiblin, David A.; McDonald, John H.; Duncan, Melinda K.

2014-01-01

SIP1 encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates multiple developmental processes, as highlighted by the pleiotropic defects observed in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome, which results from mutations in this gene. Further, in adults, dysregulated SIP1 expression has been implicated in both cancer and fibrotic diseases, where it functionally links TGFβ signaling to the loss of epithelial cell characteristics and gene expression. In the ocular lens, an epithelial tissue important for vision, Sip1 is co-expressed with epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin, and is required for the complete separation of the lens vesicle from the head ectoderm during early ocular morphogenesis. However, the function of Sip1 after early lens morphogenesis is still unknown. Here, we conditionally deleted Sip1 from the developing mouse lens shortly after lens vesicle closure, leading to defects in coordinated fiber cell tip migration, defective suture formation, and cataract. Interestingly, RNA-Sequencing analysis on Sip1 knockout lenses identified 190 differentially expressed genes, all of which are distinct from previously described Sip1 target genes. Furthermore, 34% of the genes with increased expression in the Sip1 knockout lenses are normally downregulated as the lens transitions from the lens vesicle to early lens, while 49% of the genes with decreased expression in the Sip1 knockout lenses are normally upregulated during early lens development. Overall, these data imply that Sip1 plays a major role in reprogramming the lens vesicle away from a surface ectoderm cell fate towards that necessary for the development of a transparent lens and demonstrate that Sip1 regulates distinctly different sets of genes in different cellular contexts. PMID:24161570

The effect of S100A6 on nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP in colon cancer cells

PubMed Central

Yang, Bo; Li, Qianqian; Liu, Aiqin; Zhao, Yingying; Qiu, Changqing; Ge, Jun

2018-01-01

Background Calcyclin Binding Protein/(Siah-1 interacting protein) (CacyBP/SIP) acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer. The nuclear accumulation of CacyBP/SIP has been linked to the proliferation of cancer cells. It has been reported that intracellular Ca2+ induces the nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP. However, the molecular mechanism of CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation has yet to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to test whether the Ca2+-dependent binding partner S100 protein is involved in CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation in colon cancer SW480 cells. Methods The subcellular localization of endogenous CacyBP/SIP was observed following the stimulation of ionomycin or BAPTA/AM by immunofluorescence staining in SW480 cells. S100A6 small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were transfected into SW480 cells. Immunoprecipitation assays detected whether S100 protein is relevant to the nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP in response to changes in [Ca2+]i. Results We observed that endogenous CacyBP/SIP is translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus following the elevation of [Ca2+]i by ionomycin in SW480 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that the interaction between S100A6 and CacyBP/SIP was increased simultaneously with elevated Ca2+. Knockdown of S100A6 abolished the Ca2+ effect on the subcellular translocation of CacyBP/SIP. Conclusion Thus, we demonstrated that S100A6 is required for the Ca2+-dependent nuclear translocation of CacyBP/SIP in colon cancer SW480 cells. PMID:29534068

76 FR 34630 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Hampshire: Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-14

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Hampshire: Prevention of Significant Deterioration; Greenhouse Gas... greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This rule clarifies the applicable thresholds in the New Hampshire SIP... Significant Deterioration Provisions Concerning Greenhouse Gas Emitting-Sources in State Implementation Plans...

Synergistic regulation of the acute phase protein SIP24/24p3 by glucocorticoid and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

PubMed

Liu, Quan-Sheng; Nilsen-Hamilton, Marit; Xiong, Si-Dong

2003-10-25

SIP24/24p3 is a secreted murine acute phase protein which has been speculated to play an anti-inflammatory role in vivo. Recently SIP24/24p3 has been found to be able to specifically induce apoptosis in leukocytes. By using (35)S metabolic labeling method, we studied the regulation of SIP24/24p3 by glucocorticoid and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha in cultured Balb/c 3T3 and BNL cells. The following results were observed: (1) dexamethasone induced the expression of SIP24/24p3 in both Balb/c 3T3 and BNL cells, the induction was more significant in BNL cells; (2) dexamethasone and IL-6 synergistically induced the expression of SIP24/24p3 in both Balb/c 3T3 and BNL cells; (3) in Balb/c 3T3 cells dexamethasone and TNF-alpha acted synergistically to induce the expression of SIP24/24p3, whereas in BNL cells dexamethasone and TNF-alpha induced the expression of SIP24/24p3 in an additive manner; (4) dexamethasone and IL-6/TNF-alpha acted synergistically in Balb/c 3T3 cells and additively in BNL cells to induce the expression of SIP24/24p3. The inducibility of SIP24/24p3 by multiple factors will help to explain its highly specific expression in vivo. The difference in the expression patterns of SIP24/24p3 in different cell types is also suggestive to its expression and regulation in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues. Finally, the fact that SIP24/24p3 protein can be induced by both pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory factors is indicative of the important role of SIP24/24p3 in the entire acute phase response process.

Elucidating MTBE degradation in a mixed consortium using a multidisciplinary approach.

PubMed

Bastida, Felipe; Rosell, Mònica; Franchini, Alessandro G; Seifert, Jana; Finsterbusch, Stefanie; Jehmlich, Nico; Jechalke, Sven; von Bergen, Martin; Richnow, Hans H

2010-08-01

The structure and function of a microbial community capable of biodegrading methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) was characterized using compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA), clone libraries and stable isotope probing of proteins (Protein-SIP). The enrichment culture (US3-M), which originated from a gasoline-impacted site in the United States, has been enriched on MTBE as the sole carbon source. The slope of isotopic enrichment factors (epsilon(C) of -2.29+/-0.03 per thousand; epsilon(H) of -58+/-6 per thousand) for carbon and hydrogen discrimination (Deltadelta(2)H/Deltadelta(13)C) was on average equal to Lambda=24+/-2, a value closely related to the reaction mechanism of MTBE degradation in Methylibium petroleiphilum PM1. 16S rRNA gene libraries revealed sequences belonging to M. petroleiphilum PM1, Hydrogenophaga sp., Thiothrix unzii, Rhodobacter sp., Nocardiodes sp. and different Sphingomonadaceae bacteria. Protein-SIP analysis of the culture grown on (13)C-MTBE as the only carbon source revealed that proteins related to members of the Comamonadaceae family, such as Delftia acidovorans, Acidovorax sp. or Comamonas sp., were not (13)C-enriched, whereas proteins related to M. petroleiphilum PM1 showed an average incorporation of 94.5 atom%(13)C. These results indicate a key role for this species in the degradation of MTBE within the US3-M consortia. The combination of CSIA, molecular biology and Protein-SIP facilitated the analysis of an MTBE-degrading mixed culture from a functional and phylogenetic point of view.

CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation regulates p27Kip1 stability in gastric cancer cells

PubMed Central

Niu, Ying-Lin; Li, Ya-Jun; Wang, Jing-Bo; Lu, Yuan-Yuan; Liu, Zhen-Xiong; Feng, Shan-Shan; Hu, Jian-Guo; Zhai, Hui-Hong

2016-01-01

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of calcyclin binding protein/Siah-1 interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) nuclear translocation in promoting the proliferation of gastric cancer (GC) cells. METHODS: The effect of CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation on cell cycle was investigated by cell cycle analysis. Western blot analysis was used to assess the change in expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and proteasome-mediated degradation of p27Kip1. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analysis was performed to examine the binding of CacyBP/SIP with Skp1. A CacyBP/SIP truncation mutant which lacked the Skp1 binding site was constructed and fused to a fluorescent protein. Subsequently, the effect on Skp1 binding with the fusion protein was examined by co-IP, while localization of fluorescent fusion protein observed by confocal laser microscopy, and change in p27Kip1 protein expression assessed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation induced by gastrin promoted progression of GC cells from G1 phase. However, while CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation was inhibited using siRNA to suppress CacyBP/SIP expression, cell cycle was clearly inhibited. CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation significantly decreased the level of cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1, increased Cyclin E protein expression whereas the levels of Skp1, Skp2, and CDK2 were not affected. Upon inhibition of CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation, there were no changes in protein levels of p27Kip1 and Cyclin E, while p27Kip1 decrease could be prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Moreover, CacyBP/SIP was found to bind to Skp1 by immunoprecipitation, an event that was abolished by mutant CacyBP/SIP, which also failed to stimulate p27Kip1 degradation, even though the mutant could still translocate into the nucleus. CONCLUSION: CacyBP/SIP nuclear translocation contributes to the proliferation of GC cells, and CacyBP/SIP exerts this effect, at least in part, by stimulating ubiquitin-mediated degradation of p27Kip1. PMID:27099442

Design of a SIP device cooperation system on OSGi service platforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takayama, Youji; Koita, Takahiro; Sato, Kenya

2007-12-01

Home networks feature such various technologies as protocols, specifications, and middleware, including HTTP, UPnP, and Jini. A service platform is required to handle such technologies to enable them to cooperate with different devices. The OSGi service platform, which meets the requirements based on service-oriented architecture, is designed and standardized by OSGi Alliance and consists of two parts: one OSGi Framework and bundles. On the OSGi service platform, APIs are defined as services that can handle these technologies and are implemented in the bundle. By using the OSGi Framework with bundles, various technologies can cooperate with each other. On the other hand, in IP networks, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is often used in device cooperation services to resolve an IP address, control a session between two or more devices, and easily exchange the statuses of devices. However, since many existing devices do not correspond to SIP, it cannot be used for device cooperation services. A device that does not correspond to SIP is called an unSIP device. This paper proposes and implements a prototype system that enables unSIP devices to correspond to SIP. For unSIP devices, the proposed system provides device cooperation services with SIP.

Testing Dialog-Verification of SIP Phones with Single-Message Denial-of-Service Attacks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seedorf, Jan; Beckers, Kristian; Huici, Felipe

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is widely used for signaling in multimedia communications. However, many SIP implementations are still in their infancy and vulnerable to malicious messages. We investigate flaws in the SIP implementations of eight phones, showing that the deficient verification of SIP dialogs further aggravates the problem by making it easier for attacks to succeed. Our results show that the majority of the phones we tested are susceptible to these attacks.

The Italian version of the 92-item Prodromal Questionnaire: Concurrent validity with the SIPS and factor analysis in a sample of 258 outpatients aged 11-36years.

PubMed

Kotzalidis, Georgios D; Solfanelli, Andrea; Piacentino, Daria; Savoja, Valeria; Fiori Nastro, Paolo; Curto, Martina; Lindau, Juliana Fortes; Masillo, Alice; Brandizzi, Martina; Fagioli, Francesca; Raballo, Andrea; Gebhardt, Eva; Preti, Antonio; D'Alema, Marco; Fucci, Maria Rosa; Miletto, Roberto; Andropoli, Daniela; Leccisi, Donato; Girardi, Paolo; Loewy, Rachel L; Schultze-Lutter, Frauke

2017-11-01

Current early screeners for psychosis-risk states have still to prove ability in identifying at-risk individuals. Among screeners, the 92-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-92) is often used. We aimed to assess the validity of its Italian translation in a large Italian adolescent and young adult help-seeking sample. We included all individuals aged 12-36years seeking help at psychiatric mental health services in a large semirural Roman area (534,600 population) who accepted to participate. Participants completed the Italian version of the PQ-92 and were subsequently assessed with the Structured Interview of Prodromal/Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). We examined diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios) and content, concurrent, and convergent validity between PQ-92 and SIPS using Cronbach's alpha, Cohen's kappa, and Spearman's rho, respectively. We tested the validity of adopted cut-offs through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves plotted against SIPS diagnoses and the instrument's factor-structure through Principal Component Analysis. PQ-92 showed high internal consistency, acceptable diagnostic accuracy and concurrent validity, and excellent convergent validity. ROC analyses pointed to scores of 18 on the Positive subscale and 36 on the total PQ-92 as best cut-offs. The Scree-test identified a four-factor solution as fitting best. Psychometric properties of Italian PQ-92 were satisfactory. Optimal cut-offs were confirmed at ≥18 on the positive subscale, but at ≥36 on the total scale was able to identify more SIPS-positive cases. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

77 FR 69409 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-19

...-road motor vehicle insignificance finding that is included as part of Kentucky's maintenance plan for... Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Huntington-Ashland...-Ashland Area. EPA is also proposing to approve the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding for direct...

78 FR 4341 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

... Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Air Division, to redesignate the Birmingham fine... implementation plan (SIP) to include the 1997 Annual PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Birmingham Area that... action also approves the 2009 emissions inventory submitted with the maintenance plan. DATES: Effective...

78 FR 5306 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Air Division, to redesignate the Birmingham... implementation plan (SIP) to include the 2006 24-hour PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Birmingham Area that... action also approves the 2009 emissions inventory submitted with the maintenance plan. DATES: Effective...

76 FR 5078 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans: Tennessee; Approval of Section 110...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-28

...) Maintenance Plan for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standards for the Nashville, TN, Area AGENCY: Environmental... Tennessee State Implementation Plan (SIP) concerning the maintenance plan addressing the 1997 8-hour ozone standards for the Nashville, Tennessee 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance area, which is comprised of Davidson...

75 FR 7474 - Adequacy Status of the North Carolina Portion of the Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Bi-State Area...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-19

... plan (SIP) means that transportation activities will not produce new air quality violations, worsen...- Hour Ozone Sub-Area Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY... the North Carolina Department of Air Quality (NC DAQ), are adequate for transportation conformity...

40 CFR 52.2352 - Change to approved plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) rule R307-1-8, Asbestos Work Practices, Contractor Certification, AHERA Accreditation and AHERA Implementation, is removed from Utah's approved State Implementation Plan (SIP). This rule language pertains to... plan. (a) Utah Air Conservation Regulation R307-18-1, New Source Performance Standards, is removed from...

76 FR 64065 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oklahoma; Interstate Transport of Pollution

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-17

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oklahoma; Interstate Transport of Pollution AGENCY: Environmental... Rule (CSAPR or Transport Rule) and proposed determination within the Supplemental Notice of Proposed... four distinct requirements related to the impacts of interstate transport. The SIP must prevent sources...

78 FR 16783 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Control Techniques Guidelines and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia; Control Techniques Guidelines and Reasonably Available Control...), related to reasonably available control technology (RACT) requirements. This correcting amendment corrects... October 21, 2009, SIP submittal for certain source categories for which EPA has issued control technique...

Spatial analyses on seismo-ionospheric precursors observed by GIM TEC and DEMETER during the 2008 M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jann-Yenq; Chen, Yuh-Ing; Huang, Ching-Chi; Parrot, Michel; Pulinets, Sergey; Ouzounov, Dimitar

2015-04-01

This paper examines seismo-ionospheric precursors (SIPs) in the total electron content (TEC) of the global ionosphere map (GIM) and observations in the French satellite DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) during the 12 May 2008 M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. The temporal and spatial analyses on the GIM TEC are used to search SIPs of the Wenchuan earthquake. Meanwhile, both daytime and nighttime electron density (Ne), electron temperature (Te), ion density (Ni) and ion temperature (Ti) probed by DEMETER are investigated. A statistical analysis of the box-and-whisker method is utilized to see if the four DEMETER data sets 1-6 days before and after the earthquake are significantly different. The analysis is employed to investigate the epicenter and three reference areas along the same magnetic latitude discriminating the SIPs from global effects. Results show that the nighttime Ne and Ni (daytime Ti) over the epicenter significantly decrease (increase) 1-6 days before the earthquake. The intersections of the global distribution of the significant differences (or anomalous changes) in the nighttime Ne, the nighttime Ni, and the daytime Ti 1-6 days before and after the earthquake specifically appear over the epicenter. The spatial analyses confirm that SIPs of GIM TEC and DEMETER observations appearing 2-6 days before are related to the 2008 M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake.

Complex conductivity of oil-contaminated clayey soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Yaping; Shi, Xiaoqing; Revil, André; Wu, Jichun; Ghorbani, A.

2018-06-01

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) is considered as a promising tool in environmental investigations. However, few works have done regarding the electrical signature of oil contamination of clayey soils upon induced polarization. Laboratory column experiments plus one sandbox experiment are conducted in this study to investigate the performances of the SIP method in oil-contaminated soils. First, a total of 12 soils are investigated to reveal the influences of water and soil properties on the saturation dependence of the complex conductivity below 100 Hz. Results show that the magnitude of the complex conductivity consistently decreases with decreasing water saturation for all soils samples. The saturation n and quadrature conductivity p exponents tend to increase slightly with increasing water salinity when using a linear conductivity model. The saturation exponent increases marginally with the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the specific surface area (Ssp) while the quadrature conductivity exponent exhibits a relatively stronger dependence on both CEC and Ssp. For the low CEC soil samples (normally ≤10 meq/100 g), the quadrature conductivity exponent p correlates well with the saturation exponent n using the relationship p = n-1. SIP method is further applied in a sandbox experiment to estimate the saturation distribution and total volume of the oil. Results demonstrate that the SIP method has a great potential for mapping the organic contaminant plume and quantifying the oil volume.

76 FR 28437 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): Initial...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... Preventive Services for Older Adults SIP11-045, and Measuring Impact of Multi-Component Interventions to Prevent Older Adult Falls and Assessing Sustainability and Scalability, SIP 11-046, Panel D,'' initial... SIP11-045, and Measuring Impact of Multi- Component Interventions to Prevent Older Adult Falls and...

40 CFR 52.1384 - Emission control regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... construction permit to override a requirement that has been approved as part of the SIP, are disapproved. We cannot approve these provisions into the SIP, as it would allow the State to change a SIP requirement through the issuance of a permit. Pursuant to section 110 of the Act, to change a requirement of the SIP...

The Social Interaction Phobia Scale: Continued support for the psychometric validity of the SIPS using clinical and non-clinical samples.

PubMed

Menatti, Alison R; Weeks, Justin W; Carleton, R Nicholas; Morrison, Amanda S; Heimberg, Richard G; Hope, Debra A; Blanco, Carlos; Schneier, Franklin R; Liebowitz, Michael R

2015-05-01

The present study sought to extend findings supporting the psychometric validity of a promising measure of social anxiety (SA) symptoms, the Social Interaction Phobia Scale (SIPS; Carleton et al., 2009). Analyses were conducted using three samples: social anxiety disorder (SAD) patients, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients, and healthy controls. SIPS scores of SAD patients demonstrated internal consistency and construct validity, and the previously demonstrated three-factor structure of the SIPS was replicated. Further, the SIPS total score uniquely predicted SA symptoms, and SIPS scores were significantly higher for SAD patients than GAD patients or controls. Two cut-off scores that discriminated SAD patients from GAD patients and from healthy controls were identified. The current study is the first to replicate the SIPS three-factor model in a large, treatment-seeking sample of SAD patients and establish a cut-off score discriminating SAD from GAD patients. Findings support the SIPS as a valid, SAD-specific assessment instrument. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Protection against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Guinea Pigs via Oral Administration of Recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum Expressing VP1

PubMed Central

Wang, Miao; Pan, Li; Zhou, Peng; Lv, Jianliang; Zhang, Zhongwang; Wang, Yonglu; Zhang, Yongguang

2015-01-01

Mucosal vaccination is an effective strategy for generating antigen-specific immune responses against mucosal infections of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum strains NC8 and WCFS1 were used as oral delivery vehicles containing a pSIP411-VP1 recombinant plasmid to initiate mucosal and systemic immune responses in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were orally vaccinated (three doses) with NC8-pSIP411, NC8-pSIP411-VP1, WCFS1-pSIP411, WCFS1-pSIP411-VP1 or milk. Animals immunized with NC8-pSIP411-VP1 and WCFS1-pSIP411-VP1 developed high levels of antigen-specific serum IgG, IgA, IgM, mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) and neutralizing antibodies, and revealed stronger cell-mediated immune responses and enhanced protection against FMDV challenge compared with control groups. The recombinant pSIP411-VP1 effectively improved immunoprotection against FMDV in guinea pigs. PMID:26629822

A recombinant truncated surface immunogenic protein (tSip) plus adjuvant FIA confers active protection against Group B streptococcus infection in tilapia.

PubMed

He, Yang; Wang, Kai-Yu; Xiao, Dan; Chen, De-Fang; Huang, Lingyuan; Liu, Tianqiang; Wang, Jun; Geng, Yi; Wang, Er-Long; Yang, Qian

2014-12-05

Tilapia is an important agricultural fish that has been plagued by Group B streptococcus (GBS) infections in recent years, some of them severe. It is well-known that surface immunogenicity protein (Sip) is an effective vaccine against GBS. Since Sip was not expressed in either E. coli BL21 or E. coli Rosetta, we removed the N-terminal signal peptide and LysM of the virus to produce purified truncated Sip (tSip(1)), which multiplied easily in an E. coli host. The antibody's ability to recognize and combine with GBS was determined by Western-blot and specific staining in vitro. The relative percentage of survival (RPS), antibody titers, bacterial recovery, and pathologic morphology were monitored in vivo to evaluate the immune effects. Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) plus tSip and aluminum hydroxide gel (AH) plus tSip were also evaluated. It revealed that tSip mixed with FIA was an effective vaccine against GBS in tilapia, while AH is toxic to tilapia. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

78 FR 21281 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Missouri; Infrastructure SIP...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-10

...EPA is proposing action on four Missouri State Implementation Plan (SIP) submissions. First, EPA is proposing to approve portions of two SIP submissions from the State of Missouri addressing the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act (CAA) for the 1997 and 2006 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The CAA requires that each state adopt and submit a SIP to support implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of each new or revised NAAQS promulgated by EPA. These SIPs are commonly referred to as ``infrastructure'' SIPs. The infrastructure requirements are designed to ensure that the structural components of each state's air quality management program are adequate to meet the state's responsibilities under the CAA. EPA is also proposing to approve two additional SIP submissions from Missouri, one addressing the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program in Missouri, and another addressing the requirements applicable to any board or body which approves permits or enforcement orders of the CAA, both of which support requirements associated with infrastructure SIPs.

CacyBP/SIP promotes the proliferation of colon cancer cells

PubMed Central

Chen, Xiong; Wang, Jun; Lu, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Faming; Liu, Zhengxiong; Lei, Ting; Fan, Daiming

2017-01-01

CacyBP/SIP is a component of the ubiquitin pathway and is overexpressed in several transformed tumor tissues, including colon cancer, which is one of the most common cancers worldwide. It is unknown whether CacyBP/SIP promotes the proliferation of colon cancer cells. This study examined the expression level, subcellular localization, and binding activity of CacyBP/SIP in human colon cancer cells in the presence and absence of the hormone gastrin. We found that CacyBP/SIP was expressed in a high percentage of colon cancer cells, but not in normal colonic surface epithelium. CacyBP/SIP promoted the cell proliferation of colon cancer cells under both basal and gastrin stimulated conditions as shown by knockdown studies. Gastrin stimulation triggered the translocation of CacyBP/SIP to the nucleus, and enhanced interaction between CacyBP/SIP and SKP1, a key component of ubiquitination pathway which further mediated the proteasome-dependent degradation of p27kip1 protein. The gastrin induced reduction in p27kip1 was prevented when cells were treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. These results suggest that CacyBP/SIP may be promoting growth of colon cancer cells by enhancing ubiquitin-mediated degradation of p27kip1. PMID:28196083

Calcyclin Binding Protein/Siah-1 Interacting Protein Is a Hsp90 Binding Chaperone

PubMed Central

Góral, Agnieszka; Bieganowski, Paweł; Prus, Wiktor; Krzemień-Ojak, Łucja; Kądziołka, Beata; Fabczak, Hanna; Filipek, Anna

2016-01-01

The Hsp90 chaperone activity is tightly regulated by interaction with many co-chaperones. Since CacyBP/SIP shares some sequence homology with a known Hsp90 co-chaperone, Sgt1, in this work we performed a set of experiments in order to verify whether CacyBP/SIP can interact with Hsp90. By applying the immunoprecipitation assay we have found that CacyBP/SIP binds to Hsp90 and that the middle (M) domain of Hsp90 is responsible for this binding. Furthermore, the proximity ligation assay (PLA) performed on HEp-2 cells has shown that the CacyBP/SIP-Hsp90 complexes are mainly localized in the cytoplasm of these cells. Using purified proteins and applying an ELISA we have shown that Hsp90 interacts directly with CacyBP/SIP and that the latter protein does not compete with Sgt1 for the binding to Hsp90. Moreover, inhibitors of Hsp90 do not perturb CacyBP/SIP-Hsp90 binding. Luciferase renaturation assay and citrate synthase aggregation assay with the use of recombinant proteins have revealed that CacyBP/SIP exhibits chaperone properties. Also, CacyBP/SIP-3xFLAG expression in HEp-2 cells results in the appearance of more basic Hsp90 forms in 2D electrophoresis, which may indicate that CacyBP/SIP dephosphorylates Hsp90. Altogether, the obtained results suggest that CacyBP/SIP is involved in regulation of the Hsp90 chaperone machinery. PMID:27249023

Seismo-ionospheric Precursors in the GPS Total Electron Content of the 16 October 1999 Mw7.1 Hector Mine Earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, H.; Su, Y.; Liu, J. G.; Chen, S.; Chen, M.

2013-12-01

In this paper, temporal and spatial analyses are employed to detect seismo-ionospheric precursors (SIPs) in the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) during 16 October 1999 Mw7.1 Hector Mine earthquake. To discriminate anomalies caused by global effects, such as solar radiations, magnetic storms, etc., and local effects, such as earthquake, we cross-examine the GPS TECs and their gradients in the eastward and northward directions at epicenter/centers of the Hector Mine area and the other two reference areas at similar magnetic latitudes in Europe and Japan. Temporal variations of the northward TEC gradient suggest SIPs most likely appearing day 6-5 before the earthquake. A global search by using the TEC of GIM (global ionosphere map) shows that the TEC increase and decrease anomalies continuously and specifically appear around the epicenter day 5 before the earthquake.

Applications of schedule-induced polydipsia in rodents for the study of an excessive ethanol intake phenotype

PubMed Central

Ford, Matthew M.

2014-01-01

Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) is generated by subjecting a highly motivated animal to a sub-optimal rate of food reinforcement while also providing access to a fluid. SIP is one of several adjunctive (or displacement) behaviors that are expressed in an exaggerated form that is deemed ‘excessive’. This feature makes SIP an attractive model for studying an excessive ethanol drinking phenotype in rodents. Multiple experimental variables are crucial for the full manifestation of adjunctive drinking, including the degree of food deprivation, the inter-pellet interval selected, and the size of the food reward offered. Although these variables were extensively studied and optimized for water polydipsia in rats, a similarly customized approach to ethanol SIP and application of the procedure in mice have largely been curtailed in favor of the default variable values historically used for water SIP in rats. Further, ethanol SIP also requires careful consideration of variables such as taste and ethanol concentration. Investigation of the stress axis and neurochemical systems such as dopamine and serotonin in mediating adjunctive drinking stemmed from two leading hypotheses regarding the underlying mechanisms of SIP generation: 1) SIP as a coping strategy to mitigate stress associated with the aversive environmental condition, and 2) SIP as a displacement of reward in a highly motivated animal. Ethanol SIP is a powerful model of excessive intake because it can generate an ethanol-dependent state and sustain frequent and intoxicating levels of blood ethanol with voluntary oral consumption. The required food deprivation and the loss of the excessive drinking phenotype following removal of the generator schedule are the two main limitations of the model. Future utility of ethanol SIP will be enhanced by more fully dissecting the underlying hormonal and neurochemical mechanisms and optimizing experimental variables for ethanol SIP on a per species and strain basis. PMID:24680665

Applications of schedule-induced polydipsia in rodents for the study of an excessive ethanol intake phenotype.

PubMed

Ford, Matthew M

2014-05-01

Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) is generated by subjecting a highly motivated animal to a sub-optimal rate of food reinforcement while also providing access to a fluid. SIP is one of several adjunctive (or displacement) behaviors that are expressed in an exaggerated form that is deemed 'excessive.' This feature makes SIP an attractive model for studying an excessive ethanol drinking phenotype in rodents. Multiple experimental variables are crucial for the full manifestation of adjunctive drinking, including the degree of food deprivation, the inter-pellet interval selected, and the size of the food reward offered. Although these variables were extensively studied and optimized for water polydipsia in rats, a similarly customized approach to ethanol SIP and application of the procedure in mice have largely been curtailed in favor of the default variable values historically used for water SIP in rats. Further, ethanol SIP also requires careful consideration of variables such as taste and ethanol concentration. Investigation of the stress axis and neurochemical systems such as dopamine and serotonin in mediating adjunctive drinking stemmed from two leading hypotheses regarding the underlying mechanisms of SIP generation: 1) SIP as a coping strategy to mitigate stress associated with the aversive environmental condition, and 2) SIP as a displacement of reward in a highly motivated animal. Ethanol SIP is a powerful model of excessive intake because it can generate an ethanol-dependent state and sustain frequent and intoxicating levels of blood ethanol with voluntary oral consumption. The required food deprivation and the loss of the excessive drinking phenotype following removal of the generator schedule are the two main limitations of the model. Future utility of ethanol SIP will be enhanced by more fully dissecting the underlying hormonal and neurochemical mechanisms and optimizing experimental variables for ethanol SIP on a per species and strain basis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Workflows for ingest of research data into digital archives - tests with Archivematica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirchner, I.; Bertelmann, R.; Gebauer, P.; Hasler, T.; Hirt, M.; Klump, J. F.; Peters-Kotting, W.; Rusch, B.; Ulbricht, D.

2013-12-01

Publication of research data and future re-use of measured data require the long-term preservation of digital objects. The ISO OAIS reference model defines responsibilities for long-term preservation of digital objects and although there is software available to support preservation of digital data, there are still problems remaining to be solved. A key task in preservation is to make the datasets ready for ingest into the archive, which is called the creation of Submission Information Packages (SIPs) in the OAIS model. This includes the creation of appropriate preservation metadata. Scientists need to be trained to deal with different types of data and to heighten their awareness for quality metadata. Other problems arise during the assembly of SIPs and during ingest into the archive because file format validators may produce conflicting output for identical data files and these conflicts are difficult to resolve automatically. Also, validation and identification tools are notorious for their poor performance. In the project EWIG Zuse-Institute Berlin acts as an infrastructure facility, while the Institute for Meteorology at FU Berlin and the German research Centre for Geosciences GFZ act as two different data producers. The aim of the project is to develop workflows for the transfer of research data into digital archives and the future re-use of data from long-term archives with emphasis on data from the geosciences. The technical work is supplemented by interviews with data practitioners at several institutions to identify problems in digital preservation workflows and by the development of university teaching materials to train students in the curation of research data and metadata. The free and open-source software Archivematica [1] is used as digital preservation system. The creation and ingest of SIPs has to meet several archival standards and be compatible to the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS). The two data producers use different software in their workflows to test the assembly of SIPs and ingest of SIPs into the archive. GFZ Potsdam uses a combination of eSciDoc [2], panMetaDocs [3], and bagit [4] to collect research data and assemble SIPs for ingest into Archivematica, while the Institute for Meteorology at FU Berlin evaluates a variety of software solutions to describe data and publications and to generate SIPs. [1] http://www.archivematica.org [2] http://www.escidoc.org [3] http://panmetadocs.sf.net [4] http://sourceforge.net/projects/loc-xferutils/

(124)I-L19-SIP for immuno-PET imaging of tumour vasculature and guidance of (131)I-L19-SIP radioimmunotherapy.

PubMed

Tijink, Bernard M; Perk, Lars R; Budde, Marianne; Stigter-van Walsum, Marijke; Visser, Gerard W M; Kloet, Reina W; Dinkelborg, Ludger M; Leemans, C René; Neri, Dario; van Dongen, Guus A M S

2009-08-01

The human monoclonal antibody (MAb) fragment L19-SIP is directed against extra domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin, a marker of tumour angiogenesis. A clinical radioimmunotherapy (RIT) trial with (131)I-L19-SIP was recently started. In the present study, after GMP production of (124)I and efficient production of (124)I-L19-SIP, we aimed to demonstrate the suitability of (124)I-L19-SIP immuno-PET for imaging of angiogenesis at early-stage tumour development and as a scouting procedure prior to clinical (131)I-L19-SIP RIT. (124)I was produced in a GMP compliant way via (124)Te(p,n)(124)I reaction and using a TERIMO module for radioiodine separation. L19-SIP was radioiodinated by using a modified version of the IODO-GEN method. The biodistribution of coinjected (124)I- and (131)I-L19-SIP was compared in FaDu xenograft-bearing nude mice, while (124)I PET images were obtained from mice with tumours of <50 to approximately 700 mm(3). (124)I was produced highly pure with an average yield of 15.4 +/- 0.5 MBq/microAh, while separation yield was approximately 90% efficient with <0.5% loss of TeO(2). Overall labelling efficiency, radiochemical purity and immunoreactive fraction were for (124)I-L19-SIP: approximately 80 , 99.9 and >90%, respectively. Tumour uptake was 7.3 +/- 2.1, 10.8 +/- 1.5, 7.8 +/- 1.4, 5.3 +/- 0.6 and 3.1 +/- 0.4%ID/g at 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h p.i., resulting in increased tumour to blood ratios ranging from 6.0 at 24 h to 45.9 at 72 h p.i.. Fully concordant labelling and biodistribution results were obtained with (124)I- and (131)I-L19-SIP. Immuno-PET with (124)I-L19-SIP using a high-resolution research tomograph PET scanner revealed clear delineation of the tumours as small as 50 mm(3) and no adverse uptake in other organs. (124)I-MAb conjugates for clinical immuno-PET can be efficiently produced. Immuno-PET with (124)I-L19-SIP appeared qualified for sensitive imaging of tumour neovasculature and for predicting (131)I-L19-SIP biodistribution.

75 FR 81863 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Alabama: Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-29

... Deterioration (PSD) program. Specifically, the SIP revision establishes appropriate emission thresholds for determining which new stationary sources and modification projects become subject to Alabama's PSD permitting requirements for their GHG emissions. The change is necessary because without it, on January 2, 2011, PSD...

76 FR 13567 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; Adoption of Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-14

... Flat Wood Paneling Surface Coating Processes AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... sources covered by EPA's Control Techniques Guidelines (CTG) standards for flat wood paneling surface... Protection (PADEP) submitted to EPA a SIP revision concerning the adoption of the CTG for flat wood paneling...

76 FR 51925 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Adhesives and Sealants Rule

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-19

... http://www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know..., the Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) submitted revisions to its SIP (Maryland SIP 08-02....11.35). On May 28, 2009, MDE submitted another revision to its SIP (Maryland SIP 09-01) amending...

Discerning autotrophy, mixotrophy and heterotrophy in marine TACK archaea from the North Atlantic.

PubMed

Seyler, Lauren M; McGuinness, Lora R; Gilbert, Jack A; Biddle, Jennifer F; Gong, Donglai; Kerkhof, Lee J

2018-03-01

DNA stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to track the uptake of organic and inorganic carbon sources for TACK archaea (Thaumarchaeota/Aigarchaeota/Crenarchaeota/Korarchaeota) on a cruise of opportunity in the North Atlantic. Due to water limitations, duplicate samples from the deep photic (60-115 m), the mesopelagic zones (local oxygen minimum; 215-835 m) and the bathypelagic zone (2085-2835 m) were amended with various combinations of 12C- or 13C-acetate/urea/bicarbonate to assess cellular carbon acquisition. The SIP results indicated the majority of TACK archaeal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) incorporated 13C from acetate and/or urea into newly synthesized DNA within 48 h. A small fraction (16%) of the OTUs, often representing the most dominant members of the archaeal community, were able to incorporate bicarbonate in addition to organic substrates. Only two TACK archaeal OTUs were found to incorporate bicarbonate but not urea or acetate. These results further demonstrate the utility of SIP to elucidate the metabolic capability of mesothermal archaea in distinct oceanic settings and suggest that TACK archaea play a role in organic carbon recycling in the mid-depth to deep ocean.

Photometric Characterization of the Reductive Amination Scope of the Imine Reductases from Streptomyces tsukubaensis and Streptomyces ipomoeae.

PubMed

Matzel, Philipp; Krautschick, Lukas; Höhne, Matthias

2017-10-18

Imine reductases (IREDs) have emerged as promising enzymes for the asymmetric synthesis of secondary and tertiary amines starting from carbonyl substrates. Screening the substrate specificity of the reductive amination reaction is usually performed by time-consuming GC analytics. We found two highly active IREDs in our enzyme collection, IR-20 from Streptomyces tsukubaensis and IR-Sip from Streptomyces ipomoeae, that allowed a comprehensive substrate screening with a photometric NADPH assay. We screened 39 carbonyl substrates combined with 17 amines as nucleophiles. Activity data from 663 combinations provided a clear picture about substrate specificity and capabilities in the reductive amination of these enzymes. Besides aliphatic aldehydes, the IREDs accepted various cyclic (C 4 -C 8 ) and acyclic ketones, preferentially with methylamine. IR-Sip also accepted a range of primary and secondary amines as nucleophiles. In biocatalytic reactions, IR-Sip converted (R)-3-methylcyclohexanone with dimethylamine or pyrrolidine with high diastereoselectivity (>94-96 % de). The nucleophile acceptor spectrum depended on the carbonyl substrate employed. The conversion of well-accepted substrates could also be detected if crude lysates were employed as the enzyme source. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Region 6: Texas Adequate Letter (6/16/2005)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This is a letter from Carl E. Edlund, Director, to Candice Garrett regarding motor vehicle emissions budgets (MVEB) contained in the 5 Increment of Progress 8-hour Ozone StateImplementation Plan (SIP) for the Dallas-Fort Worth nonattainment area.

75 FR 64675 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-20

... approve a request from the State of Texas to redesignate the Beaumont/Port Arthur (BPA) Texas ozone... making a final determination that the BPA nonattainment area has attained the 1997 8- hour ozone NAAQS... BPA State Implementation Plan (SIP), a 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance plan that includes a 2021 Motor...

78 FR 19599 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Reasonably Available Control Technology...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-02

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Reasonably Available Control Technology for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone... (SIP) for the Houston/Galveston/ Brazoria (HGB) 1997 8-Hour ozone nonattainment Area (Area). The HGB... Room between the hours of 8:30am and 4:30 p.m. weekdays except for legal holidays. Contact the person...

Lightweight SIP/SDP compression scheme (LSSCS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Jian J.; Demetrescu, Cristian

2001-10-01

In UMTS new IP based services with tight delay constraints will be deployed over the W-CDMA air interface such as IP multimedia and interactive services. To integrate the wireline and wireless IP services, 3GPP standard forum adopted the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) as the call control protocol for the UMTS Release 5, which will implement next generation, all IP networks for real-time QoS services. In the current form the SIP protocol is not suitable for wireless transmission due to its large message size which will need either a big radio pipe for transmission or it will take far much longer to transmit than the current GSM Call Control (CC) message sequence. In this paper we present a novel compression algorithm called Lightweight SIP/SDP Compression Scheme (LSSCS), which acts at the SIP application layer and therefore removes the information redundancy before it is sent to the network and transport layer. A binary octet-aligned header is added to the compressed SIP/SDP message before sending it to the network layer. The receiver uses this binary header as well as the pre-cached information to regenerate the original SIP/SDP message. The key features of the LSSCS compression scheme are presented in this paper along with implementation examples. It is shown that this compression algorithm makes SIP transmission efficient over the radio interface without losing the SIP generality and flexibility.

Creep Behavior of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPS): Results from a Pilot Study

Treesearch

Dwight McDonald; Marshall Begel; C. Adam Senalik; Robert Ross; Thomas D. Skaggs; Borjen Yeh; Thomas Williamson

2014-01-01

Structural insulated panels (SIPs) have been recognized as construction materials in the International Residential Code (IRC) since 2009. Although most SIPs are used in wall applications, they can also be used as roof or floor panels that are subjected to long-term transverse loading, for which SIP creep performance may be critical in design. However, limited...

Lateral load performance of SIP walls with full bearing

Treesearch

Boren Yeh; Tom Skaggs; Xiping Wang; Tom Williamson

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to develop test data needed to characterize lateral load performance of structural insulated panel (SIP) walls with full bearing (restrained). The research program involved structural testing of 29 full-size SIP walls (8 ft tall by 8 ft long) of various configurations that bracket a range of SIP wall configurations commonly used in the...

Statistical evidence of seismo-ionospheric precursors of the GPS total electron content in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yuh-Ing; Huang, Chi-Shen; Liu, Jann-Yenq

2015-04-01

Evidence of the seismo-ionospheric precursor (SIP) is reported by statistically investigating the relationship between the total electron content (TEC) in global ionosphere map (GIM) and 56 M≥6.0 earthquakes during 1998-2013 in China. A median-based method together with the z test is employed to examine the TEC variations 30 days before and after the earthquake. It is found that the TEC significantly decreases 0600-1000 LT 1-6 days before the earthquake, and anomalously increases in 3 time periods of 1300-1700 LT 12-15 days; 0000-0500 LT 15-17 days; and 0500-0900 LT 22-28 days before the earthquake. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is then used to evaluate the efficiency of TEC for predicting M≥6.0 earthquakes in China during a specified time period. Statistical results suggest that the SIP is the significant TEC reduction in the morning period of 0600-1000 LT. The SIP is further confirmed since the area under the ROC curve is positively associated with the earthquake magnitude.

Statistical evidences of seismo-ionospheric precursors applying receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve on the GPS total electron content in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yuh-Ing; Huang, Chi-Shen; Liu, Jann-Yenq

2015-12-01

Evidence of the seismo-ionospheric precursor (SIP) is reported by statistically investigating the relationship between the total electron content (TEC) in global ionosphere map (GIM) and 56 M ⩾ 6.0 earthquakes during 1998-2013 in China. A median-based method together with the z test is employed to examine the TEC variations 30 days before and after the earthquake. It is found that the TEC significantly decreases 0600-1000 LT 1-6 days before the earthquake, and anomalously increases in 3 time periods of 1300-1700 LT 12-15 days; 0000-0500 LT 15-17 days; and 0500-0900 LT 22-28 days before the earthquake. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is then used to evaluate the efficiency of TEC for predicting M ⩾ 6.0 earthquakes in China during a specified time period. Statistical results suggest that the SIP is the significant TEC reduction in the morning period of 0600-1000 LT. The SIP is further confirmed since the area under the ROC curve is positively associated with the earthquake magnitude.

A statistical study on seismo-ionospheric precursors in the total electron content of global ionosphere map associated with M×6.0 earthquakes in the West Pacific region during 1998-2012

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jann-Yenq; Chen, Koichi; Tsai, Ho-Fang; Hattori, Katsumi; Le, Huijun

2013-04-01

This paper reports statistical results of seismo-ionospheric precursors (SIPs) of the total electron content (TEC) in the global ionosphere map (GIM) over the epicenter of earthquakes with magnitude 6 and greater in China, Japan, and Taiwan during 1998-2012. To detect SIP, a quartile-based (i.e. median-based) process is performed. The earthquakes are sub-divided into various regions to have a better understanding on SIP characteristics, as well as examined with and without being led by magnetic storms to confirm the SIP existence. Results show that the SIPs mainly are the TEC significant increase in Japan, and decrease in Taiwan and China, respectively, which suggests the latitudinal effect playing an important role. Meanwhile, for a practical application of monitoring SIPs, the GIM TEC at a fixed point is tested. Results show that multi monitoring points and/or a spatial observation are required to enhance the SIP detection.

Achieving equity in Crunch&Sip®: a pilot intervention of supplementary free fruit and vegetables in NSW classrooms.

PubMed

Hector, Debra; Edwards, Shelley; Gale, Joanne; Ryan, Helen

2017-12-01

Issue addressed Anecdotal evidence from teachers in Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD) indicated that many primary school children are regularly unable to participate in the Crunch&Sip ® (C&S) program (breaks during class time to eat fruit and/or vegetables and drink water) as they do not bring produce from home. Actual reach of the program may therefore be currently overestimated, and inequitable. This study examined the feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of providing school children supplementary, fresh free produce in supporting equitable participation in C&S. Methods Free fruit and vegetables were provided for 10 weeks to four schools in a socioeconomically-disadvantaged area in Western Sydney. WSLHD sourced the produce at a discounted rate and storage and distribution was arranged in partnership with industry. Schools determined methods of allocation to children who did not have fruit or vegetables for the C&S break. Pre- and late-intervention (Week 9) classroom surveys provided quantitative data of intervention efficacy. Qualitative methods were used with key school persons to explore barriers and enablers to implementation. Results Participation of children in C&S increased significantly from 46.7% pre-intervention to 92.0% in Week 9. The proportion of children bringing fruit or vegetables from home also increased significantly, from 46.7% to 54.0%. Schools perceived the supplementary strategy to be highly feasible and acceptable. Conclusion Expansion of this equity strategy warrants consideration, although issues of sustainability would need to be addressed. The criteria for 'full implementation' should include high proportional participation by students in participating classes. So what? Establishing a system by which schools in disadvantaged areas can supplement their C&S program would effectively increase access to fruit and vegetables among those children most at need.

A methodology of SiP testing based on boundary scan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qin, He; Quan, Haiyang; Han, Yifei; Zhu, Tianrui; Zheng, Tuo

2017-10-01

System in Package (SiP) play an important role in portable, aerospace and military electronic with the microminiaturization, light weight, high density, and high reliability. At present, SiP system test has encountered the problem on system complexity and malfunction location with the system scale exponentially increase. For SiP system, this paper proposed a testing methodology and testing process based on the boundary scan technology. Combining the character of SiP system and referencing the boundary scan theory of PCB circuit and embedded core test, the specific testing methodology and process has been proposed. The hardware requirement of the under test SiP system has been provided, and the hardware platform of the testing has been constructed. The testing methodology has the character of high test efficiency and accurate malfunction location.

Zone trends for three metropolitan statistical areas in North Carolina

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oommen, R.G.; Aneja, V.P.; Riordan, A.J.

1996-12-31

As part of an effort by the state of North Carolina to develop a State Implementation Plan (SIP) for ozone control, a network of ozone stations was established to monitor ozone concentrations across the state. Approximately twenty-five ozone stations made continuous measurements surrounding the three major Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) between 1993-1995: Raleigh/Durham (RDU), Charlotte/Mecklenburg (CLT), and Greensboro/Winston-Salem/High Point (GSO). Statistical Averages on the ozone data were performed at each MSA to study trends and/or relationships on high ozone days. It was found that the three MSAs were not significantly different to each other, indicating they fall under the samemore » synoptic weather patterns, Transport and local production of biogenic sources of VOCs and NO{sub x} appear to play an important role for high ozone downwind at RDU, while mobile sources of these precursor gases contribute to the high ozone downwind of CLT and GSO. A {delta}(O{sub 3}) analysis (difference between the O{sub 3} measured at an upwind and downwind site) suggested that long-range transport of the precursors was a significant contribution for ozone problems at the three MSAs. 15 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Field-Scale Stable-Isotope Probing of Active Methanotrophs in a Landfill-Cover Soil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schroth, M. H.; Henneberger, R.; Chiri, E.

2012-12-01

The greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is an important contributor to global climate change. While its atmospheric concentration is increasing, a large portion of produced CH4 never reaches the atmosphere, but is consumed by aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB). The latter are ubiquitous in soils and utilize CH4 as sole source of energy and carbon. Among other methods, MOB may be differentiated based on characteristic phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). Stable-isotope probing (SIP) on PLFA has been widely applied to identify active members of MOB communities in laboratory incubation studies, but results are often difficult to extrapolate to the field. Thus, novel field-scale approaches are needed to link activity and identity of MOB in their natural environment. We present results of field experiments in which we combined PLFA-SIP with gas push-pull tests (GPPTs) to label active MOB at the field-scale while simultaneously quantifying CH4 oxidation activity. During a SIP-GPPT, a mixture of reactive (here 13CH4, O2) and non-reactive tracer gases (e.g., Ar, Ne, He) is injected into the soil at a location of interest. Thereafter, gas flow is reversed and the gas mixture diluted with soil air is extracted from the same location and sampled periodically. Rate constants for CH4 oxidation can be calculated by analyzing breakthrough curves of 13CH4 and a suitable non-reactive tracer gas. SIP-GPPTs were performed in a landfill-cover soil, and feasibility of this novel approach was tested at several locations along a gradient of MOB activity and soil temperature. Soil samples were collected before and after SIP-GPPTs, total PLFA were extracted, and incorporation of 13C in the polar lipid fraction was analyzed. Potential CH4 oxidation rates derived from SIP-GPPTs were similar to those derived from regular GPPTs (using unlabeled CH4) performed at the same locations prior to SIP-GPPTs, indicating that application of 13CH4 did not adversely affect bacterial CH4 oxidation rates. Rates calculated for different locations ranged from 0.2 to 52.8 mmol CH4 (L soil air)-1 d-1. PLFA analyses showed high levels of 13C incorporation into different 14C and 16C fatty acids (FA), typically found in Type I MOB, and 18C FAs, typical for Type II MOB. The amount of 13C incorporated into biomass clearly increased with increasing activity, and δ13C values of >1500 ‰ were observed for selected FAs at high-activity locations. In addition, the range of labeled FAs also changed with activity, and no Type II MOB specific FAs were labeled at the low-activity location. The novel SIP-GPPT approach was shown to be a valuable field-scale method to detect and identify active MOB over a wide range of activities.

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 14 Subchap A, 1401 to 1415--Determining Conformity of General Federal Actions to State or Federal Implementation Plans; SIP effective 1996-11-12 (LAc67) and 1998-05-08 (LAc75)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 14 Subchap A, 1401 to 1415--Determining Conformity of General Federal Actions to State or Federal Implementation Plans; SIP effective 1996-11-12 (LAc67) and 1998-05-08 (LAc75)

40 CFR 57.205 - Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation. 57.205 Section 57.205 Protection of Environment... Application and the NSO Process § 57.205 Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation. (a) In the event an SO2 SIP limit is relaxed subsequent to EPA approval or issuance of...

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 21 Subchap J, 2147--Limiting Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in Synthetic Organic Chemical manufacturing Industry (SOCMI); SIP effective 1998-02-02 (LAc74) to more..

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 21 Subchap J, 2147--Limiting Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in Synthetic Organic Chemical manufacturing Industry (SOCMI); SIP effective 1998-02-02 (LAc74) more...

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 2147. Limiting Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in Synthetic Organic Chemical manufacturing Industry (SOCMI); SIP effective 2011-08-04 (LAd34) to 2017-09-27

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 2147. Limiting Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in Synthetic Organic Chemical manufacturing Industry (SOCMI); SIP effective 2011-08-04 (LAd34) to 2017-09-27

Should we care about diurnal temperatures when calculating the precipitation isotope thermometer?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vachon, R.; Kloeckner, D.

2008-12-01

Long records of the concentrations of stable isotopes of precipitation (SIPs) have long been used as proxies for regional and global climates for periods when meteorological measurements were not made. SIPs' longstanding correlation to local surface temperatures (in many locations) and molecular thermal dynamics have lead to many interpretations of variability in SIPs to be changes in local temperatures. In order to create accurate temperature-SIP transfer functions one needs to link modern SIP concentrations to temperatures of when precipitation happened. A well-sited example of complexities in the temperature-SIP relationships - For simplicity one may assume that annual precipitation occurred at the same time of year throughout a long SIP archive, however, it is possible that the timing of precipitation actually shifted from summer to winter months. If the temperature difference between the seasons is large the SIP archive could be wrongly interpreted as a several degree cooling in average annual temperatures. Temperature changes similar in magnitude to seasonal fluctuations are also observed throughout a given day. What would happen if precipitation shifted from mid-afternoon to nighttime events? This line of thinking implies that diurnal effects plausibly should be considered when calculating SIP-transfer functions. This is particularly convincing when precipitation for a region is powered by middle of the day (summer) heat causing convective precipitation or evening cooling increasing relative humidities near the land's surface. This study examines both theoretical and observed (5 locations within North America) surface temperatures at the time of precipitation throughout a day and estimates diurnal effects on SIP-transfer functions. Ultimately, one must ask, how high does condensation form, and what are daily temperature patterns at those heights?

NMR Model of PrgI-SipD Interaction and its Implications in the Needle-Tip Assembly of the Salmonella Type III Secretion System

PubMed Central

Rathinavelan, Thenmalarchelvi; Lara-Tejero, Maria; Lefebre, Matthew; Chatterjee, Srirupa; McShan, Andrew C.; Guo, Da-Chuan; Tang, Chun; Galan, Jorge E.; De Guzman, Roberto N.

2014-01-01

Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria use the type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence proteins into human cells to initiate infections. The structural component of the T3SS contains a needle and a needle tip. The needle is assembled from PrgI needle protomers and the needle tip is capped with several copies of the SipD tip protein. How a tip protein docks on the needle is unclear. A crystal structure of a PrgI-SipD fusion protein docked on the PrgI needle results in steric clash of SipD at the needle tip when modeled on the recent atomic structure of the needle. Thus, there is currently no good model of how SipD is docked on the PrgI needle tip. Previously, we showed by NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) methods that a specific region in the SipD coiled-coil is the binding site for PrgI. Others have hypothesized that a domain of the tip protein – the N-terminal α-helical hairpin, has to swing away during the assembly of the needle apparatus. Here, we show by PRE methods that a truncated form of SipD lacking the α-helical hairpin domain binds more tightly to PrgI. Further, PRE-based structure calculations revealed multiple PrgI binding sites on the SipD coiled-coil. Our PRE results together with the recent NMR-derived atomic structure of the Salmonella needle suggest a possible model of how SipD might dock at the PrgI needle tip. SipD and PrgI are conserved in other bacterial T3SSs, thus our results have wider implication in understanding other needle-tip complexes. PMID:24951833

Dimerization and phosphatase activity of calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1 interacting protein: the influence of oxidative stress

PubMed Central

Topolska-Woś, Agnieszka M.; Shell, Steven M.; Kilańczyk, Ewa; Szczepanowski, Roman H.; Chazin, Walter J.; Filipek, Anna

2015-01-01

CacyBP/SIP [calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1 [seven in absentia homolog 1 (Siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1)] interacting protein] is a multifunctional protein whose activity includes acting as an ERK1/2 phosphatase. We analyzed dimerization of mouse CacyBP/SIP in vitro and in mouse neuroblastoma cell line (NB2a) cells, as well as the structure of a full-length protein. Moreover, we searched for the CacyBP/SIP domain important for dimerization and dephosphorylation of ERK2, and we analyzed the role of dimerization in ERK1/2 signaling in NB2a cells. Cell-based assays showed that CacyBP/SIP forms a homodimer in NB2a cell lysate, and biophysical methods demonstrated that CacyBP/SIP forms a stable dimer in vitro. Data obtained using small-angle X-ray scattering supported a model in which CacyBP/SIP occupies an anti-parallel orientation mediated by the N-terminal dimerization domain. Site-directed mutagenesis established that the N-terminal domain is indispensable for full phosphatase activity of CacyBP/SIP. We also demonstrated that the oligomerization state of CacyBP/SIP as well as the level of post-translational modifications and subcellular distribution of CacyBP/SIP change after activation of the ERK1/2 pathway in NB2a cells due to oxidative stress. Together, our results suggest that dimerization is important for controlling phosphatase activity of CacyBP/SIP and for regulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.—Topolska-Woś, A. M., Shell, S. M., Kilańczyk, E., Szczepanowski, R. H., Chazin, W. J., Filipek, A. Dimerization and phosphatase activity of calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1 interacting protein: the influence of oxidative stress. PMID:25609429

Complex conductivity of oil-contaminated clayey soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Y.; Revil, A.; Shi, X.

2017-12-01

Non-intrusive hydrogeophysical techniques have been wildly applied to detect organic contaminants because of the difference of electrical properties for contaminated soil. Among them, spectral induced polarization (SIP) has emerged as a promising tool for the identification of contamination due to its sensitivity to the chemistry of pore water, solid-fluid interfaces and fluid content. Previous works have investigated the influences of oil on the electrical signatures of porous media, which demonstrated the potentials of SIP in the detection of hydrocarbon contamination. However, few works have done on the SIP response of oil in clayey soils. In this study, we perform a set of SIP measurements on the clayey samples under different water saturations. These clayey soils are characterized by relatively high cation exchange capacity. The objective in this work is to test the empirical relationships between the three exponents, including the cementation exponent (m), the saturation exponent (n) and the quadrature conductivity exponent (p), which is expected to reduce the model parameters needed in geophysical and hydraulic properties predictions. Our results show that the complex conductivity are saturation dependent. The magnitude of both in-phase and quadrature conductivities generally decrease with decreasing water saturation. The shape of quadrature conductivity spectra slightly changes when water saturation decreases in some cases. The saturation exponent slightly increases with cation exchange capacity, specific surface area and clay content, with an average value around 2.05. Compared to saturation exponent, the quadrature conductivity exponent apparently increases with cation exchange capacity and specific surface area while has little to do with the clay content. Further, the results indicate that the quadrature conductivity exponent p does not strictly obey to p=n-1 as proposed by Vinegar and Waxman (1984). Instead, it mostly ranges between p=n-1.5 and p=n-0.5. The relationship between the saturation exponent n and the cementation exponent m is comprised between m=n and m=n-0.5.

40 CFR 52.1240 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Minnesota § 52.1240 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Minnesota and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.1240 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Minnesota § 52.1240 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Minnesota and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.1240 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Minnesota § 52.1240 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Minnesota and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.1240 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Minnesota § 52.1240 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Minnesota and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.1240 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Minnesota § 52.1240 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Minnesota and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Minnesota State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

77 FR 59321 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Revisions to the Nevada State Implementation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-27

... includes a rescission of one definition from the existing SIP (the definition of ``special mobile equipment... mobile equipment'' 10/05/10 (repealed) 01/24/11 defined. NAC 445B.187 ``Stationary source'' defined... permit'' defined........ 49 FR 11626; (March 27, 1984). NAQR article 1.182--Special mobile equipment...

77 FR 41051 - Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V Greenhouse Gas Tailoring Rule Step 3 and GHG...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-12

.... Miscellaneous manufacturing 3391, 3399 Waste management and remediation....... 5622, 5629 Hospitals/Nursing and... NSR New Source Review NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act OMB Office of Management... SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District SIP State Implementation Plan tpy Tons Per Year UMRA...

77 FR 64734 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Dakota: Prevention of Significant...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-23

... Permitting Authority and Tailoring Rule; PM 2.5 NSR Implementation Rule AGENCY: Environmental Protection... Implementation Plan (SIP) relating to regulation of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5... Tailoring Final Rule'' and the final rule for ``Implementation of the New Source Review (NSR) Program for PM...

78 FR 2878 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Georgia: New Source Review-Prevention of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-14

... Deterioration'' to approve changes to Georgia's SIP-approved regulations entitled ``Air Quality Control Rule 391... a separate action, the correct version of EPA's proposed rulemaking related to Georgia's Air Quality Control Rule 391-3-.1 is being provided for public comment. This course of action will promote efficiency...

78 FR 46514 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oregon: Infrastructure Requirements for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-01

...), to regulate direct PM 2.5 emissions, in addition to nitrogen oxides (NO X ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2... sulfur content, grain loading, specific industry sectors, motor vehicle pollution, industrial emission... Oregon's Federally-approved SIP, owners and operators of new and modified major sources must satisfy the...

77 FR 50660 - Limited Approval and Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Nevada; Clark County...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-22

... Approval and Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Nevada; Clark County; Stationary Source... Clark County, Nevada. DATES: Any comments on this proposal must arrive by September 7, 2012. ADDRESSES... regulations submitted for approval into the Clark County portion of the Nevada State Implementation Plan (SIP...

77 FR 64039 - Limited Approval and Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Nevada; Clark County...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-18

... Approval and Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Nevada; Clark County; Stationary Source... limited approval and limited disapproval of revisions to the Clark County portion of the applicable state... limited approval and limited disapproval action is to update the applicable SIP with current Clark County...

78 FR 46947 - Adequacy Status of the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Texas Reasonable Further Progress and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-02

...) State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions, submitted on May 6, 2013 by the Texas Commission on... effective August 19, 2013. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The essential information in this notice will be... to EPA. The word ``budget(s)'' refers to the mobile source emissions budget for volatile organic...

40 CFR 52.2587 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Wisconsin § 52.2587 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Wisconsin and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.2587 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Wisconsin § 52.2587 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Wisconsin and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.2587 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Wisconsin § 52.2587 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Wisconsin and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.2587 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Wisconsin § 52.2587 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Wisconsin and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

40 CFR 52.2587 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Wisconsin § 52.2587 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of Wisconsin and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

77 FR 44204 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Control of Iron and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-27

... to approve revisions to the Maryland State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the Maryland... (Sparrows Point) is the only sintering plant located in the State of Maryland, and therefore the only source... compliance with specified pressure drop and flow rate operating parameters. EPA is approving these revisions...

Reliability and Validity of the Alcohol Short Index of Problems and a Newly Constructed Drug Short Index of Problems*

PubMed Central

Alterman, Arthur I.; Cacciola, John S.; Ivey, Megan A.; Lynch, Kevin G.

2009-01-01

Objective: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 15-item alcohol Short Index of Problems (SIP) instrument and those of a newly constructed 15-item drug Short Index of Problems (SIP-D) instrument in 277 newly entered substance-abuse patients. Method: The SIP is derived from the longer, 50-item Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC), which was designed to assess adverse consequences of alcohol use. The SIP-D was constructed by substituting the term “drug use” for the term “drinking” in each SIP item. A 3-month recall interval was employed. Results: Factor analyses of each of the instruments revealed similar solutions, with only one main factor accounting for the majority of variance. Nonparametric item response theory methods produced the same finding. Internal consistency reliability estimates for the SIP and SIP-D total scores were .98 and .97, respectively. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by examining the correlations of the total scores for each of the instruments with the recent summary indexes of the newly revised Addiction Severity Index (ASI-Version 6): alcohol, drug, medical, economic, legal, family/social, and psychiatric problems. Conclusions: This study is the first to confirm the psychometric validity of the SIP when used as an independent instrument unembedded within the DrInC. The study also supports the use of the SIP-D as a brief measure of adverse consequences of drug use. The findings strongly support the unidimensional structure of both measures. PMID:19261243

Reliability and validity of the alcohol short index of problems and a newly constructed drug short index of problems.

PubMed

Alterman, Arthur I; Cacciola, John S; Ivey, Megan A; Habing, Brian; Lynch, Kevin G

2009-03-01

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 15-item alcohol Short Index of Problems (SIP) instrument and those of a newly constructed 15-item drug Short Index of Problems (SIP-D) instrument in 277 newly entered substance-abuse patients. The SIP is derived from the longer, 50-item Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC), which was designed to assess adverse consequences of alcohol use. The SIP-D was constructed by substituting the term "drug use" for the term "drinking" in each SIP item. A 3-month recall interval was employed. Factor analyses of each of the instruments revealed similar solutions, with only one main factor accounting for the majority of variance. Nonparametric item response theory methods produced the same finding. Internal consistency reliability estimates for the SIP and SIP-D total scores were .98 and .97, respectively. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by examining the correlations of the total scores for each of the instruments with the recent summary indexes of the newly revised Addiction Severity Index (ASI-Version 6): alcohol, drug, medical, economic, legal, family/social, and psychiatric problems. This study is the first to confirm the psychometric validity of the SIP when used as an independent instrument unembedded within the DrInC. The study also supports the use of the SIP-D as a brief measure of adverse consequences of drug use. The findings strongly support the unidimensional structure of both measures.

The small serine-threonine protein SIP2 interacts with STE12 and is involved in ascospore germination in Sordaria macrospora.

PubMed

Elleuche, Skander; Bernhards, Yasmine; Schäfers, Christian; Varghese, Jans Manjali; Nolting, Nicole; Pöggeler, Stefanie

2010-12-01

In fungi, the homoeodomain protein STE12 controls diverse developmental processes, and derives its regulatory specificity from different protein interactions. We recently showed that in the homothallic ascomycete Sordaria macrospora, STE12 is essential for ascospore development, and is able to interact with the alpha-domain mating-type protein SMTA-1 and the MADS box protein MCM1. To further evaluate the functional roles of STE12, we used the yeast two-hybrid approach to identify new STE12-interacting partners. Using STE12 as bait, a small, serine-threonine-rich protein (designated STE12-interacting protein 2, SIP2) was identified. SIP2 is conserved among members of the fungal class Sordariomycetes. In vivo localization studies revealed that SIP2 was targeted to the nucleus and cytoplasm. The STE12/SIP2 interaction was further confirmed in vivo by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Nuclear localization of SIP2 was apparently mediated by STE12. Unlike deletion of ste12, deletion of sip2 in S. macrospora led to only a slight decrease in ascospore germination, and no other obvious morphological phenotype. In comparison to the Δste12 single knockout strain, ascospore germination was significantly increased in a Δsip2/ste12 double knockout strain. Our data provide evidence for a regulatory role of the novel fungal protein SIP2 in ascospore germination. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Spectral induced polarization and electrodic potential monitoring of microbially mediated iron sulfide transformations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hubbard, Susan; Personna, Y.R.; Ntarlagiannis, D.

2008-02-15

Stimulated sulfate-reduction is a bioremediation technique utilized for the sequestration of heavy metals in the subsurface.We performed laboratory column experiments to investigate the geoelectrical response of iron sulfide transformations by Desulfo vibriovulgaris. Two geoelectrical methods, (1) spectral induced polarization (SIP), and (2) electrodic potential measurements, were investigated. Aqueous geochemistry (sulfate, lactate, sulfide, and acetate), observations of precipitates (identified from electron microscopy as iron sulfide), and electrodic potentials on bisulfide ion (HS) sensitive silver-silver chloride (Ag-AgCl) electrodes (630 mV) were diagnostic of induced transitions between an aerobic iron sulfide forming conditions and aerobic conditions promoting iron sulfide dissolution. The SIP datamore » showed 10m rad anomalies during iron sulfide mineralization accompanying microbial activity under an anaerobic transition. These anomalies disappeared during iron sulfide dissolution under the subsequent aerobic transition. SIP model parameters based on a Cole-Cole relaxation model of the polarization at the mineral-fluid interface were converted to (1) estimated biomineral surface area to pore volume (Sp), and (2) an equivalent polarizable sphere diameter (d) controlling the relaxation time. The temporal variation in these model parameters is consistent with filling and emptying of pores by iron sulfide biofilms, as the system transitions between anaerobic (pore filling) and aerobic (pore emptying) conditions. The results suggest that combined SIP and electrodic potential measurements might be used to monitor spatiotemporal variability in microbial iron sulfide transformations in the field.« less

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 Section 701. Purpose and Information Regarding Standards for PM10, SO2, CO, Atmospheric Oxidants, NOx and Pb; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Revised)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 Section 701. Purpose and Information Regarding Standards for PM10, SO2, CO, Atmospheric Oxidants, NOx and Pb; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Revised)

40 CFR 51.125 - Emissions reporting requirements for SIP revisions relating to budgets for SO2 and NOX emissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SIP revisions relating to budgets for SO2 and NOX emissions. 51.125 Section 51.125 Protection of... SIP revisions relating to budgets for SO2 and NOX emissions. (a) For its transport SIP revision under § 51.123 and/or 51.124, each State must submit to EPA SO2 and/or NOX emissions data as described in...

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 2132. Stage II Vapor Recovery Systems for Control of Vehicle Refuelling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities; SIP effective 2011-08-04 (LAd34) and 2016-02-29 (LAd47) to 2017-09-27

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 2132. Stage II Vapor Recovery Systems for Control of Vehicle Refuelling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities; SIP effective 2011-08-04 (LAd34) and 2016-02-29 (LAd47) to 2017-09-27

Role of the pituitary-adrenal hormones in the acquisition of schedule-induced polydipsia.

PubMed

Levine, R; Levine, S

1989-06-01

Adrenalectomized female rats failed to develop schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP). Dexamethasone (DEX) injections failed to reinstate SIP in adrenalectomized rats. They did not prevent intact rats from acquiring SIP but interfered with subsequent expression of this behavior. In contrast, corticosterone, the rats' normally occurring glucocorticoid, fully restored the acquisition and subsequent expression of SIP in adrenalectomized rats. This strongly suggests that corticosterone plays an essential role in the normal acquisition and development of this behavior. Data are interpreted in the context of current information concerning adrenal hormone receptors. It is hypothesized SIP acquisition is at least partly regulated by the Type I (mineralocorticoid) receptor.

Streamlining the SIP Process

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA collaborated with the The National Association of Clean Air Agencies (NACAA/ECOs) SIP Reform Work Group to minimize federal and state burden in developing SIPs, but ensure the plans effectiveness in complying with the Clean Air Act.

76 FR 8300 - Finding of Failure To Submit State Implementation Plan Revisions for Particulate Matter, PM-10...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-14

.... SUMMARY: EPA is taking final action to find that Arizona failed to make a state implementation plan (SIP... nonattainment area which, having failed to attain the PM-10 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) by... today finding that Arizona failed to make the submittal required for the Maricopa area under section 189...

77 FR 75865 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

... 1997 Annual PM 2.5 NAAQS maintenance plan, including the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding... Implementation Plan (SIP) to include the 1997 Annual PM 2.5 maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Huntington-Ashland Area. EPA is also approving the on-road motor vehicle insignificance finding for direct PM...

77 FR 13055 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Alabama: Removal of State Low-Reid Vapor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-05

... proposed revision modifies Alabama's SIP to move Chapter 335-3-20 ``Control of Fuels,'' which includes the... sulfur and low-RVP requirements for the Birmingham Area pursuant to 211(c)(4)(C)(i). In a final...'s low sulfur and low-RVP requirements were necessary for the Birmingham Area to achieve the 1-hour...

78 FR 6741 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-31

... Quality Standard (NAAQS); a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a 10-year ozone... emissions budgets (MVEBs) for the years 2008 and 2022 that are contained in the 10-year ozone maintenance... forth how the area will maintain attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the next 10 years in...

PERP, a host tetraspanning membrane protein, is required for S almonella‐induced inflammation

PubMed Central

Hallstrom, Kelly N.; Srikanth, C. V.; Agbor, Terence A.; Dumont, Christopher M.; Peters, Kristen N.; Paraoan, Luminita; Casanova, James E.; Boll, Erik J.

2015-01-01

Summary S almonella enterica  Typhimurium induces intestinal inflammation through the activity of type III secreted effector (T3SE) proteins. Our prior results indicate that the secretion of the T3SE SipA and the ability of SipA to induce epithelial cell responses that lead to induction of polymorphonuclear transepithelial migration are not coupled to its direct delivery into epithelial cells from S almonella. We therefore tested the hypothesis that SipA interacts with a membrane protein located at the apical surface of intestinal epithelial cells. Employing a split ubiquitin yeast‐two‐hybrid screen, we identified the tetraspanning membrane protein, p53 effector related to PMP‐22 (PERP), as a SipA binding partner. SipA and PERP appear to have intersecting activities as we found PERP to be involved in proinflammatory pathways shown to be regulated by SipA. In sum, our studies reveal a critical role for PERP in the pathogenesis of S. Typhimurium, and for the first time demonstrate that SipA, a T3SE protein, can engage a host protein at the epithelial surface. PMID:25486861

76 FR 48002 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; State of California; Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-08

...EPA is finalizing a limited approval and limited disapproval of a state implementation plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of California on November 17, 2007, to address the ``transport SIP'' provisions of Clean Air Act (CAA) section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) for the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or standards) and the 1997 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) NAAQS. Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i) of the CAA requires that each SIP contain, among other things, adequate measures prohibiting emissions of air pollutants in amounts which will interfere with any other State's measures required under title I, part C of the CAA to prevent significant deterioration of air quality. EPA is approving California's SIP revision with respect to those Districts that implement SIP- approved permit programs meeting the approval criteria and simultaneously disapproving California's SIP revision with respect to those Districts that do not implement SIP-approved permit programs meeting the approval criteria, as discussed in our May 31, 2011 proposed rule (76 FR 31263).

Antenatal magnesium sulfate and spontaneous intestinal perforation in infants less than 25 weeks gestation.

PubMed

Rattray, B N; Kraus, D M; Drinker, L R; Goldberg, R N; Tanaka, D T; Cotten, C M

2014-11-01

Evaluate spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP)/death among extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants before, during and after initiation of an antenatal magnesium for neuroprotection protocol (MgPro). We tested associations between SIP/death and magnesium exposure, gestational age (GA) and interactions with GA and magnesium exposure in a cohort of inborn ELBW infants before, during and after MgPro. One hundred and fifty-five ELBW infants were included, 81 before, 23 during and 51 after MgPro. ELBW infants (78.3%) were exposed to Mg during MgPro compared with 50.6% and 60.8% before and after, respectively. Incidence of SIP on protocol was 30.4% vs 12.9% off protocol (P=0.03). GA was strongly associated with SIP (P<0.01). Antenatal Mg dose was also associated with SIP/death regardless of epoch (odds ratio 9.3 (1.04-104.6)), but increased SIP/death was limited to those <25 weeks gestation. Higher Mg dose was associated with higher SIP and death risk among infants with the lowest birthweights. Validation of this observation in larger populations is warranted.

The development of a purification procedure for saxitoxin-induced protein.

PubMed

Smith, D S; Kitts, D D; Fenske, B; Owen, T G; Shyng, S

1995-02-01

A simple economical procedure for purifying saxitoxin-induced protein (SIP) from crude extracts of the small shore crab, Hemigrapsus oregenesis, was developed. (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, chymotrypsin digestion, heat treatment, gel filtration and ion-exchange-chromatography procedures were evaluated in purifying SIP. An enzyme immunoassay was used to determine the SIP yield and relative purity at each step of three procedures, thus permitting an assessment of the conditions required for maximum recovery. Response surface analysis was used in an attempt to determine the optimum temperature and exposure time for the heat treatment. A 20 min incubation at 65 degrees C was confirmed by electrophoretic analysis to be the best combination of time and temperature for achieving both an acceptable yield and purity of SIP. SIP in desalted concentrate was shown to be resistant to chymotrypsin proteolysis; however, this enzyme had deleterious effects on SIP purification at later stages of the procedure. The omission of the chymotrypsin digestion, and the inclusion of gel-filtration chromatography in the final clean-up step, resulted in the purification of SIP comparable with that achieved with affinity chromatography.

Mississippi SIP: Title 11, Part 2, Chapter 1 - Air Emission Regulations for the Prevention, Abatement and Control of Air Contaminents

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Air Emission Regulations for the Prevention, Abatement and Control of Air Contaminents for areas involved in ambient air quality standards & regulations in MS + where to obtain copies of referenced federal regulations

Proposed Approval of California Air Plan Revision; Chico Redesignation Request; PM2.5

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is proposing to approve a revision of the California SIP the State's request to redesignate the Chico nonattainment area to attainment for the 2006 24-hour fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standard.

Guidance on Streamlining the SIP Process

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA collaborated with the The National Association of Clean Air Agencies (NACAA/ECOs) SIP Reform Work Group to minimize federal and state burden in developing SIPs, but ensure the plans effectiveness in complying with the Clean Air Act.

40 CFR 52.146 - Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... submitted a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP) for Casa Grande, Show Low, Safford, Flagstaff... Implementation Plan (SIP) requirements for Casa Grande, Show Low, Safford, Flagstaff and Joseph City as provided...

Infrastructure SIP Requirements and Guidance

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Clean Air Act requires states to submit SIPs that implement, maintain, and enforce a new or revised national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) within 3 years of EPA issuing the standard. The Infrastructure SIP is required for all states.

Thermal Control of the Scientific Instrument Package in the Large Space Telescope

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hawks, K. H.

1972-01-01

The general thermal control system philosophy was to utilize passive control where feasible and to utilize active methods only where required for more accurate thermal control of the SIP components with narrow temperature tolerances. A thermal model of the SIP and a concept for cooling the SIP cameras are presented. The model and cooling concept have established a rationale for determining a Phase A baseline for SIP thermal control.

Instant Messaging by SIP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muhi, Daniel; Dulai, Tibor; Jaskó, Szilárd

2008-11-01

SIP is a general-purpose application layer protocol which is able to establish sessions between two or more parties. These sessions are mainly telephone calls and multimedia conferences. However it can be used for other purposes like instant messaging and presence service. SIP has a very important role in mobile communication as more and more communicating applications are going mobile. In this paper we would like to show how SIP can be used for instant messaging purposes.

Computer program for nonlinear static stress analysis of shuttle thermal protection system: User's manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giles, G. L.; Wallas, M.

1981-01-01

User documentation is presented for a computer program which considers the nonlinear properties of the strain isolator pad (SIP) in the static stress analysis of the shuttle thermal protection system. This program is generalized to handle an arbitrary SIP footprint including cutouts for instrumentation and filler bar. Multiple SIP surfaces are defined to model tiles in unique locations such as leading edges, intersections, and penetrations. The nonlinearity of the SIP is characterized by experimental stress displacement data for both normal and shear behavior. Stresses in the SIP are calculated using a Newton iteration procedure to determine the six rigid body displacements of the tile which develop reaction forces in the SIP to equilibrate the externally applied loads. This user documentation gives an overview of the analysis capabilities, a detailed description of required input data and an example to illustrate use of the program.

76 FR 70929 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; District of Columbia; Regional...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-16

...EPA is proposing to approve a revision to the District of Columbia State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted by the District of Columbia through the District Department of the Environment (DDOE) on October 27, 2011 that addresses regional haze for the first implementation period. This revision addresses the requirements of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and EPA's rules that require states to prevent any future, and remedy any existing, anthropogenic impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas caused by emissions of air pollutants from numerous sources located over a wide geographic area (also referred to as the ``regional haze program''). States are required to assure reasonable progress toward the national goal of achieving natural visibility conditions in Class I areas. EPA is proposing to determine that the Regional Haze plan submitted by the District of Columbia satisfies these requirements of the CAA. EPA is also proposing to approve this revision as meeting the infrastructure requirements relating to visibility protection for the 1997 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and the 1997 and 2006 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) NAAQS.

Transient improvement after brief antiepileptic drug withdrawal in the epilepsy monitoring unit--possible relationship to AED tolerance.

PubMed

Azar, Nabil J; Lagrange, Andre H; Wang, Lily; Song, Yanna; Abou-Khalil, Bassel W

2010-05-01

A drug holiday seems to produce seizure interval prolongation (SIP) after reinstitution of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This effect was demonstrated mainly with carbamazepine. We evaluated SIP with newer AEDs and tested the relationship of SIP to history of AED tolerance. We prospectively studied patients with refractory epilepsy admitted to the Vanderbilt epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) over a period of 12 months. We included only patients on levetiracetam, lamotrigine, or oxcarbazepine who had their AEDs withdrawn on admission and reinstituted without change upon discharge. We defined SIP as the interval from EMU discharge to first seizure minus the interval between the last two seizures before EMU admission. A total of 43 patients completed the study; 15 were on monotherapy. SIP was greater than zero in this patient group (p < 0.0001), with a mean prolongation of 19.4 +/- 28.0 days. The average SIP was higher (p = 0.01) in patients on monotherapy (29.7 +/- 23.8 days) than patients on polytherapy (13.9 +/- 29.0 days). SIP tended to be greater in patients with a prior history of AED tolerance (25.7 +/- 36.8 days) compared to patient with no prior history of AED tolerance (14.0 +/- 16.3 days). SIP does occur after brief AED withdrawal. This effect is greater in patients on monotherapy and tends to be larger in patients with a history of AED tolerance. The SIP effect may be related to the phenomenon of tolerance, clinically seen as resistance to AED therapeutic effect.

Do we act upon what we see? Direct effects of alcohol cues in movies on young adults' alcohol drinking.

PubMed

Koordeman, Renske; Kuntsche, Emmanuel; Anschutz, Doeschka J; van Baaren, Rick B; Engels, Rutger C M E

2011-01-01

Ample survey research has shown that alcohol portrayals in movies affect the development of alcohol consumption in youth. Hence, there is preliminary evidence that alcohol portrayals in movies also directly influence viewers' drinking of alcohol while watching movies. One process that might account for these direct effects is imitation. The present study therefore examined whether young people imitate actors sipping alcohol on screen. We observed sipping behaviours of 79 young adults (ages 18-25) watching a 60-min movie clip, 'What Happens in Vegas', in a semi-naturalistic home setting. Each of the 79 participants was exposed to 25 alcohol cues. Two-level logistic regression analyses were used to analyse whether participants in general imitated actors' sipping during this clip. In addition, we applied proportional hazard models in a survival analysis framework (Cox regression) to test whether there was a difference in imitation of the cues between male and female participants, and to test whether the timing of the actors' sipping throughout the movie played a role. The findings showed that participants were more likely to sip in accordance with the actors' sipping than without such a cue. Further, we found that men were more likely to imitate actors' sipping than females and that participants tended to respond to actors' sipping at the beginning of the movie rather than at the end. Exposure to actors sipping alcohol in a movie seems to have an immediate impact on the drinking behaviour of viewers, via the mechanism of imitation.

76 FR 28437 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Project (SIP): Initial...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... announced below concerns ``Validation of Self-Reported Sleep Surveillance Measures, SIP11-047, Panel E..., discussion, and evaluation of ``Validation of Self-Reported Sleep Surveillance Measures, SIP11-047, Panel E...

77 FR 6743 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-09

...EPA is proposing to approve a request from Illinois to redesignate the Illinois portion of the Chicago-Gary-Lake County, Illinois-Indiana (IL-IN) ozone nonattainment area (the Greater Chicago area) to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS or standard) because the request meets the statutory requirements for redesignation under the Clean Air Act (CAA). The Illinois portion of the Greater Chicago area includes Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties and portions of Grundy (Aux Sable and Goose Lake Townships) and Kendall (Oswego Township) Counties. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) submitted this request on July 23, 2009, and supplemented its request in a submittal on September 16, 2011. EPA is proposing to approve, as a revision of the Illinois State Implementation Plan (SIP), the State's plan for maintaining the 1997 8-hour ozone standard through 2025 in the Illinois portion of the Greater Chicago area. EPA is proposing to approve 2002 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) emission inventories for the Illinois portion of the Greater Chicago area as a revision of the Illinois SIP because the emission inventories meet the requirements of section 182(a) of the CAA. Finally, EPA proposes to approve the State's 2008 and 2025 VOC and NOX Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets (MVEBs) for the Illinois portion of the Greater Chicago area.

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 23 Subchap B, §2303--Aluminum Plants, §2303 Standards for Horizontal Stud Soderberg Primary Aluminum Plants and Prebake Primary Aluminum Plants; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) to 2011-08-03 (LAad34 - Revised)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 23 Subchap B, §2303--Aluminum Plants, §2303 Standards for Horizontal Stud Soderberg Primary Aluminum Plants and Prebake Primary Aluminum Plants; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) to 2011-08-03 (LAad34 - Revised)

2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Findings of Failure to Submit

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This final action finds that 15 states and the District of Columbia have failed to submit specific state implementation plan (SIP) elements to satisfy certain nonattainment area, and/or Ozone Transport Region (OTR), planning requirements for the 2008 ozone

Training Procedure Manual for the Mentally Retarded.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dustin, Josephine; And Others

Presented is a training procedure manual for institutionalized moderately, severely, and profoundly retarded persons. Teaching activities are suggested for the following skill areas: motor development and awareness (including sensory stimulation, mat skills, and music and basic rhythm); toileting; eating skills (such as straw sipping and table…

FHWA scanning report on traffic management and traveler information systems : FHWA's Scanning Program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-11-01

In response to the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA), areas designated as being in violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) were required to submit State Implementation Plans (SIPs) beginning with 1990 Base Year Emissions In...

40 CFR 52.348 - Emission inventories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Colorado Springs, Denver/Longmont, and Fort Collins nonattainment areas on December 31, 1992, as a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Governor submitted revisions to the Colorado Springs and... Emission Inventories for Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, and Longmont as revisions to the Colorado...

40 CFR 52.348 - Emission inventories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Colorado Springs, Denver/Longmont, and Fort Collins nonattainment areas on December 31, 1992, as a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Governor submitted revisions to the Colorado Springs and... Emission Inventories for Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, and Longmont as revisions to the Colorado...

40 CFR 52.348 - Emission inventories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Colorado Springs, Denver/Longmont, and Fort Collins nonattainment areas on December 31, 1992, as a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Governor submitted revisions to the Colorado Springs and... Emission Inventories for Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, and Longmont as revisions to the Colorado...

40 CFR 52.348 - Emission inventories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Colorado Springs, Denver/Longmont, and Fort Collins nonattainment areas on December 31, 1992, as a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Governor submitted revisions to the Colorado Springs and... Emission Inventories for Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, and Longmont as revisions to the Colorado...

40 CFR 52.348 - Emission inventories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Colorado Springs, Denver/Longmont, and Fort Collins nonattainment areas on December 31, 1992, as a revision to the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Governor submitted revisions to the Colorado Springs and... Emission Inventories for Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, and Longmont as revisions to the Colorado...

Region 9: California San Bernardino County Inadequate Letter (1/4/2000)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This November 23, 1999, letter from EPA notifies CARB that the documentation of the Moderate PM10 SIP submittal for the Mojave Desert planning area of San Bernadino county does not allow EPA to find it adequate for use in conformity analyses.

Multifunction waveform generator for EM receiver testing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Kai; Jin, Sheng; Deng, Ming

2018-01-01

In many electromagnetic (EM) methods - such as magnetotelluric, spectral-induced polarization (SIP), time-domain-induced polarization (TDIP), and controlled-source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT) methods - it is important to evaluate and test the EM receivers during their development stage. To assess the performance of the developed EM receivers, controlled synthetic data that simulate the observed signals in different modes are required. In CSAMT and SIP mode testing, the waveform generator should use the GPS time as the reference for repeating schedule. Based on our testing, the frequency range, frequency precision, and time synchronization of the currently available function waveform generators on the market are deficient. This paper presents a multifunction waveform generator with three waveforms: (1) a wideband, low-noise electromagnetic field signal to be used for magnetotelluric, audio-magnetotelluric, and long-period magnetotelluric studies; (2) a repeating frequency sweep square waveform for CSAMT and SIP studies; and (3) a positive-zero-negative-zero signal that contains primary and secondary fields for TDIP studies. In this paper, we provide the principles of the above three waveforms along with a hardware design for the generator. Furthermore, testing of the EM receiver was conducted with the waveform generator, and the results of the experiment were compared with those calculated from the simulation and theory in the frequency band of interest.

Evaluating the effectiveness of the Safety Investment Program (SIP) policies for Oregon.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-10-01

The Safety Investment Program (SIP) was originally called the Statewide Transportation Improvement Program - : Safety Investment Program (STIP-SIP). The concept of the program was first discussed in October 1997 and the : program was adopted by the O...

Infrastructure State Implementation Plan (SIP) Requirements and Guidance

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Clean Air Act requires states to submit SIPs that implement, maintain, and enforce a new or revised national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) within 3 years of EPA issuing the standard. The Infrastructure SIP is required for all states.

DNA-based stable isotope probing coupled with cultivation methods implicates Methylophaga in hydrocarbon degradation

PubMed Central

Mishamandani, Sara; Gutierrez, Tony; Aitken, Michael D.

2014-01-01

Marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria perform a fundamental role in the oxidation and ultimate removal of crude oil and its petrochemical derivatives in coastal and open ocean environments. Those with an almost exclusive ability to utilize hydrocarbons as a sole carbon and energy source have been found confined to just a few genera. Here we used stable isotope probing (SIP), a valuable tool to link the phylogeny and function of targeted microbial groups, to investigate hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in coastal North Carolina sea water (Beaufort Inlet, USA) with uniformly labeled [13C]n-hexadecane. The dominant sequences in clone libraries constructed from 13C-enriched bacterial DNA (from n-hexadecane enrichments) were identified to belong to the genus Alcanivorax, with ≤98% sequence identity to the closest type strain—thus representing a putative novel phylogenetic taxon within this genus. Unexpectedly, we also identified 13C-enriched sequences in heavy DNA fractions that were affiliated to the genus Methylophaga. This is a contentious group since, though some of its members have been proposed to degrade hydrocarbons, substantive evidence has not previously confirmed this. We used quantitative PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene of the SIP-identified Alcanivorax and Methylophaga to determine their abundance in incubations amended with unlabeled n-hexadecane. Both showed substantial increases in gene copy number during the experiments. Subsequently, we isolated a strain representing the SIP-identified Methylophaga sequences (99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity) and used it to show, for the first time, direct evidence of hydrocarbon degradation by a cultured Methylophaga sp. This study demonstrates the value of coupling SIP with cultivation methods to identify and expand on the known diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the marine environment. PMID:24578702

Urea Uptake and Carbon Fixation by Marine Pelagic Bacteria and Archaea during the Arctic Summer and Winter Seasons

PubMed Central

Connelly, Tara L.; Baer, Steven E.; Cooper, Joshua T.; Bronk, Deborah A.

2014-01-01

How Arctic climate change might translate into alterations of biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) with respect to inorganic and organic N utilization is not well understood. This study combined 15N uptake rate measurements for ammonium, nitrate, and urea with 15N- and 13C-based DNA stable-isotope probing (SIP). The objective was to identify active bacterial and archeal plankton and their role in N and C uptake during the Arctic summer and winter seasons. We hypothesized that bacteria and archaea would successfully compete for nitrate and urea during the Arctic winter but not during the summer, when phytoplankton dominate the uptake of these nitrogen sources. Samples were collected at a coastal station near Barrow, AK, during August and January. During both seasons, ammonium uptake rates were greater than those for nitrate or urea, and nitrate uptake rates remained lower than those for ammonium or urea. SIP experiments indicated a strong seasonal shift of bacterial and archaeal N utilization from ammonium during the summer to urea during the winter but did not support a similar seasonal pattern of nitrate utilization. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from each SIP fraction implicated marine group I Crenarchaeota (MGIC) as well as Betaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, SAR11, and SAR324 in N uptake from urea during the winter. Similarly, 13C SIP data suggested dark carbon fixation for MGIC, as well as for several proteobacterial lineages and the Firmicutes. These data are consistent with urea-fueled nitrification by polar archaea and bacteria, which may be advantageous under dark conditions. PMID:25063662

40 CFR 52.1684 - Interstate pollutant transport provisions; What are the FIP requirements for decreases in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) New York § 52.1684 Interstate pollutant...) The owner and operator of each source located within the State of New York and for which requirements... Administrator of a revision to the New York State Implementation Plan (SIP) as meeting the requirements of CAIR...

77 FR 34897 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Permit to Construct...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-12

...-0394, Ms. Kathleen Cox, Associate Director, Office of Permits and Air Toxics, Mailcode 3AP10, U.S... preconstruction permitting requirements under Maryland's New Source Review (NSR) program. In the Final Rules section of this Federal Register, EPA is approving the State's SIP submittal as a direct final rule...

77 FR 28543 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Permit To Construct...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-15

...-0292, Ms. Kathleen Cox, Associate Director, Office of Permits and Air Toxics, Mailcode 3AP10, U.S... preconstruction permitting requirements under Maryland's New Source Review (NSR) program. In the Final Rules section of this Federal Register, EPA is approving the State's SIP submittal as a direct final rule...

40 CFR 51.121 - Findings and requirements for submission of State implementation plan revisions relating to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... nitrogen oxides (“NOX”) in amounts that will contribute significantly to nonattainment in one or more other... provisions prohibiting sources and other activities from emitting NOX in amounts that will contribute... paragraph (c) of this section, the SIP revision required under paragraph (a) of this section will contain...

78 FR 11805 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Region 4 States; 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-20

... retrofit technology (BART) and reasonable progress requirements for other sources or pollutants, are..., South Carolina and Tennessee regional haze SIPs, indicating that except for its reliance on CAIR, the... Tennessee, which merely substituted reliance on EPA's more recent CSAPR's NO X and SO 2 trading programs for...

75 FR 16671 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to Chapter 116 Which Relate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-02

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to Chapter 116 Which Relate to the Voiding of Permits... revise the Texas Major and Minor New Source Review (NSR) State Implementation Plan (SIP). EPA is... provides for a second permit extension if certain conditions are met, including a health effects review...

S100A6 Protein Negatively Regulates CacyBP/SIP-Mediated Inhibition of Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tumorigenesis

PubMed Central

Zhang, Kun; Liang, Jie; Chuai, Yucai; Li, Yuan; Wang, Xiaoming

2012-01-01

Calcyclin-binding protein (CacyBP/SIP), identified on the basis of its ability to interact with S100 proteins in a calcium-dependent manner, was previously found to inhibit the proliferation and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells in our laboratory. Importantly, the effects of S100 proteins on the biological behavior of CacyBP/SIP in gastric cancer remain unclear. Herein, we report the construction of eukaryotic expression vectors for wild-type CacyBP/SIP and a truncated mutant lacking the S100 protein binding domain (CacyBP/SIPΔS100). The expressions of the wild-type and truncated recombinant proteins were demonstrated by transfection of MKN45 gastric cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated interaction between S100A6 and wild-type CacyBP/SIP in MKN45 cells. Removal of the S100 protein binding domain dramatically reduced the affinity of CacyBP/SIP for S100 proteins as indicated by reduced co-immunoprecipitation of S100A6 by CacyBP/SIPΔS100. The MTT assay, FACS assay, clonogenic assay and tumor xenograft experiment were performed to assess the effect of CacyBP/SIP on cell growth and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of CacyBP/SIP inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenesis of MKN45 gastric cancer cells; the proliferation and tumorigenesis rates were even further reduced by the expression of CacyBP/SIPΔS100. We also showed that S100 proteins negatively regulate CacyBP/SIP-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation, through an effect on β-catenin protein expression and transcriptional activation of Tcf/LEF. Although the underlying mechanism of action requires further investigation, this study provides new insight into the interaction between S100 proteins and CacyBP/SIP, which might enrich our knowledge of S100 proteins and be helpful for our understanding of the development of gastric cancer. PMID:22295074

Social Information Processing and Cluster B Personality Pathology among Clinic-Referred Adolescents.

PubMed

Hessels, Christel; van Aken, Marcel A G; Orobio de Castro, Bram; Laceulle, Odilia M; van Voorst, Guus

2016-01-01

This study investigated relations between personality pathology and mentalizing capacities reflected in social information processing (SIP) of adolescents. 96 adolescent outpatients completed a structured interview regarding SIP. Their clinicians completed a checklist based on DSM-IV, assessing severity of personality pathology. Significant relations were found between the severity of personality pathology and SIP: the more severe the personality pathology, the higher the intensity of reported emotions, the more likely adolescents were to choose inadequate coping strategies and aggressive reactions in social situations, and the more positively they evaluated aggressive reactions. Severity of traits of antisocial (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) had unique associations with distinctive SIP variables: ASPD being more related to inadequate coping strategies, less reflection on other's motives and aggressive responses, and BPD being more related to avoidant or prosocial responses and in particular to memories of frustrating events. This study provides evidence for difficulties in SIP among adolescents with more severe personality pathology, suggesting that the steps in the SIP model can be used to operationalize mentalizing problems. The results seem to paint a picture of ASPD and BPD having a shared background, but their own specific problems concerning SIP. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Tracking heterotrophic and autotrophic carbon cycling by magnetotactic bacteria in freshwater sediments using DNA stable isotope probing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kürşat Coşkun, Ömer; Roud, Sophie; He, Kuang; Petersen, Nikolai; Gilder, Stuart; Orsi, William D.

2017-04-01

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are diverse, widespread, motile prokaryotes which biomineralize nanosize magnetic minerals, either magnetite or gregite, under highly conserved genetic control and have magnetotaxis to align their position in aquatic environment according to Earth's magnetic field. They play important roles on some geobiological cycle of important minerals such as iron, sulphur, nitrogen and carbon. Yet, to date, their importance in carbon cycle and carbon source in their natural environment have not been previously studied. In this study, we focused on freshwater benthic carbon cycling of MTB and total bacteria using DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) technique coupled with quantitative PCR (qPCR). Pond sediments from Unterlippach (Germany) were amended with 13C-labelled sodium bicarbonate and 13C-labelled organic matter, and incubated in the dark over a two week time period. Applying separate qPCR assays specific for total bacteria and MTB, respectively, allowed us to estimate the contribution of MTB to total heterotrophic and autotrophic carbon cycling via DNA-SIP. After one week, there was a slight degree of autotrophic activity which increased markedly after two weeks. Comparing total DNA to the qPCR data revealed that changes in the buoyant density of DNA was due mainly to autotrophic bacterial production. DNA-SIP also identified heterotrophic utilization of 13C-labelled organic matter by MTB after 1 week. The qPCR data also allowed us to estimate uptake rates based on the incubation times for heterotrophic and autotrophic MTB. High-throughput DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed that most of the MTB involved in carbon cycling were related to the Magnetococcus genus. This study sheds light on the carbon sources for MTB in a natural environment and helps unravel their ecological role in the carbon cycle.

Spinal motor control system incorporates an internal model of limb dynamics.

PubMed

Shimansky, Y P

2000-10-01

The existence and utilization of an internal representation of the controlled object is one of the most important features of the functioning of neural motor control systems. This study demonstrates that this property already exists at the level of the spinal motor control system (SMCS), which is capable of generating motor patterns for reflex rhythmic movements, such as locomotion and scratching, without the aid of the peripheral afferent feedback, but substantially modifies the generated activity in response to peripheral afferent stimuli. The SMCS is presented as an optimal control system whose optimality requires that it incorporate an internal model (IM) of the controlled object's dynamics. A novel functional mechanism for the integration of peripheral sensory signals with the corresponding predictive output from the IM, the summation of information precision (SIP) is proposed. In contrast to other models in which the correction of the internal representation of the controlled object's state is based on the calculation of a mismatch between the internal and external information sources, the SIP mechanism merges the information from these sources in order to optimize the precision of the controlled object's state estimate. It is demonstrated, based on scratching in decerebrate cats as an example of the spinal control of goal-directed movements, that the results of computer modeling agree with the experimental observations related to the SMCS's reactions to phasic and tonic peripheral afferent stimuli. It is also shown that the functional requirements imposed by the mathematical model of the SMCS comply with the current knowledge about the related properties of spinal neuronal circuitry. The crucial role of the spinal presynaptic inhibition mechanism in the neuronal implementation of SIP is elucidated. Important differences between the IM and a state predictor employed for compensating for a neural reflex time delay are discussed.

Network Analysis with SiLK

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-06

Carnegie Mellon University rwcut Default Display By default • sIP , sPort • dIP, dPort • protocol • packets, bytes • flags • sTime, eTime, duration...TCP/IP SOCKET IP address: 10.0.0.1 L4 protocol : TCP High-numbered ephemeral port # TCP/IP SOCKET IP address: 203.0.113.1 L4 protocol : TCP Low-numbered...Fields found to be useful in analysis: • source address, destination address • source port, destination port (Internet Control Message Protocol

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 5 Section 509. Prevention of Significant Deterioration; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) and 1991-07-01 (LAc57) and 1996-12-16 (LAc69) to 2011-08-17 (LAd36 - Revised)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 5 Section 509. Prevention of Significant Deterioration; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) and 1991-07-01 (LAc57) and 1996-12-16 (LAc69) to 2011-08-17 (LAd36 - Revised)

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 61 Subchap A, §6121 to § 6131--Method 43 - Capture Efficiency Test Procedures; SIP effective 1994-06-06 (LAc60) to to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Moved to Chap 21 Subchap N §§ 2155-2160 and revised)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch 61 Subchap A, §6121 to § 6131--Method 43 - Capture Efficiency Test Procedures; SIP effective 1994-06-06 (LAc60) to to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Moved to Chap 21 Subchap N §§ 2155-2160 and revised)

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 - Table 2 - Ambient Air--Methods of Contaminant Measurements; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Moved to Section 711 and revised [adds PM-2.5])

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 - Table 2 - Ambient Air--Methods of Contaminant Measurements; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Moved to Section 711 and revised [adds PM-2.5])

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 Section 709. Measurement of Concentrations PM10, SO2, Carbon Monoxide, Atmospheric Oxidants, Nitrogen Oxides, and Lead; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Revised)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Louisiana SIP: LAC 33:III Ch. 7 Section 709. Measurement of Concentrations PM10, SO2, Carbon Monoxide, Atmospheric Oxidants, Nitrogen Oxides, and Lead; SIP effective 1989-05-08 (LAc49) and 1989-08-14 (LAc50) to 2011-08-03 (LAd34 - Revised)

76 FR 69927 - Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; California; South Coast; Attainment Plan for 1997...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-09

...EPA is approving in part and disapproving in part state implementation plan (SIP) revisions submitted by California to provide for attainment of the 1997 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standards in the Los Angeles-South Coast area (South Coast). These SIP revisions are the South Coast 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (South Coast 2007 AQMP) (revised 2011) and South Coast-related provisions of the 2007 State Strategy (revised 2009 and 2011). EPA is approving the emissions inventory; reasonably available control measures/reasonably available control technology demonstration; the reasonable further progress and attainment demonstrations and associated air quality modeling; and the transportation conformity motor vehicle emissions budgets. EPA is also granting California's request to extend the attainment deadline for the South Coast to April 5, 2015 and approving commitments to measures and reductions by the South Coast Air Quality Management District and the California Air Resources Board. Finally, we are disapproving the SIP's contingency measures and issuing a protective finding under 40 CFR 93.120(a)(3), and we are rejecting the assignment of 10 tons per day (tpd) of nitrogen oxide (NOX) reductions to the federal government.

The Short Inventory of Problems – Revised (SIP-R): Psychometric properties within a large, diverse sample of substance use disorder treatment seekers

PubMed Central

Kiluk, Brian D.; Dreifuss, Jessica A.; Weiss, Roger D.; Morgenstern, Jon; Carroll, Kathleen M.

2012-01-01

Assessment of the adverse consequences of substance use serves an important function in both clinical and research settings, yet there is no universally agreed upon measure of consequences relevant to multiple types of substance use disorders. One of the most commonly used measures, the Short Inventory of Problems (SIP), has been adapted and evaluated in several specific populations, but evidence of its reliability and validity across broader samples of persons with substance use disorders is needed. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a revised version of the SIP (SIP-R) in a large combined sample of alcohol and drug use disorder treatment-seekers, with participants pooled from two national, multisite randomized clinical trials. A total of 886 participants across 10 outpatient treatment facilities completed a common assessment battery that included the SIP-R, Addiction Severity Index (ASI), University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA), HIV Risk Behavior Scale (HRBS), and a substance use calendar. Results supported the SIP-R’s internal reliability (α=.95). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the hypothesized 5-factor model with one higher-order factor produced the best fit. Convergent validity was evident through the SIP-R’s correlation with several composite scores from the ASI and the URICA, and analyses supported its conceptual distinction from quantity indices of drug/alcohol use. The SIP-R also demonstrated an ability to predict treatment retention, with higher scores associated with poorer retention. These results provide support for the SIP-R’s psychometric properties as a measure of consequences across a broad sample of treatment-seeking drug and alcohol users. PMID:22642856

The potential role of CacyBP/SIP in tumorigenesis.

PubMed

Ning, Xiaoxuan; Chen, Yang; Wang, Xiaosu; Li, Qiaoneng; Sun, Shiren

2016-08-01

Calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1-interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) was initially described as a binding partner of S100A6 in the Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and later as a Siah-1-interacting protein. This 30 kDa protein includes three domains and is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and transcriptional regulation via binding to various proteins. Studies have also shown that the CacyBP/SIP is a critical protein in tumorigenesis. But, its promotion or suppression of cancer progression may depend on the cell type. In this review, the biological characteristics and target proteins of CacyBP/SIP have been described. Moreover, the exact role of CacyBP/SIP in various cancers is discussed.

46 CFR 8.540 - Enrollment in SIP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC VESSEL INSPECTION ALTERNATIVES Streamlined Inspection Program § 8.540 Enrollment in SIP. Upon successful completion of the training and evaluation phase, the Coast Guard SIP Advisor will recommend to the OCMI that the company or...

Education is the strongest socio‐economic predictor of smoking in pregnancy

PubMed Central

Lindberg, Matti; Karlsson, Linnea; Karlsson, Hasse; Scheinin, Noora M.

2018-01-01

Abstract Aims To investigate socio‐economic disparities in smoking in pregnancy (SIP) by the mother's education, occupational class and current economic conditions. Design Cross‐sectional analysis with linked survey and register data. Setting South‐western Finland. Participants A total of 2667 pregnant women [70% of the original sample (n = 3808)] from FinnBrain, a prospective pregnancy cohort study. Measurements The outcome was smoking during the first pregnancy trimester, measured from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Education and occupational class were linked from population registers. Income support recipiency and subjective economic wellbeing were questionnaire‐based measures of current economic conditions. These were adjusted for age, partnership status, residential area type, parental separation, parity, childhood socio‐economic background, childhood adversities (the Trauma and Distressing Events During Childhood scale) and antenatal stress (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Logistic regressions and attributable fractions (AF) were estimated. Findings Mother's education was the strongest socio‐economic predictor of SIP. Compared with university education, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of SIP were: 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2–3.9; P = 0.011] for tertiary vocational education, 4.4 (95% CI = 2.1–9.0; P < 0.001) for combined general and vocational secondary education, 2.9 (95% CI = 1.4–6.1; P = 0.006) for general secondary education, 9.5 (95% CI 5.0–18.2; P < 0.001) for vocational secondary education and 14.4 (95% CI = 6.3–33.0; P < 0.001) for compulsory schooling. The total AF of education was 0.5. Adjusted for the other variables, occupational class and subjective economic wellbeing did not predict SIP. Income support recipiency was associated positively with SIP (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1–3.1; P = 0.022). Antenatal stress predicted SIP (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.4–2.8; P < 0.001), but did not attenuate its socio‐economic disparities. Conclusions In Finland, socio‐economic disparities in smoking in pregnancy are attributable primarily to differences in the mother's educational level (low versus high) and orientation (vocational versus general). PMID:29333764

Education is the strongest socio-economic predictor of smoking in pregnancy.

PubMed

Härkönen, Juho; Lindberg, Matti; Karlsson, Linnea; Karlsson, Hasse; Scheinin, Noora M

2018-06-01

To investigate socio-economic disparities in smoking in pregnancy (SIP) by the mother's education, occupational class and current economic conditions. Cross-sectional analysis with linked survey and register data. South-western Finland. A total of 2667 pregnant women [70% of the original sample (n = 3808)] from FinnBrain, a prospective pregnancy cohort study. The outcome was smoking during the first pregnancy trimester, measured from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Education and occupational class were linked from population registers. Income support recipiency and subjective economic wellbeing were questionnaire-based measures of current economic conditions. These were adjusted for age, partnership status, residential area type, parental separation, parity, childhood socio-economic background, childhood adversities (the Trauma and Distressing Events During Childhood scale) and antenatal stress (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Logistic regressions and attributable fractions (AF) were estimated. Mother's education was the strongest socio-economic predictor of SIP. Compared with university education, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of SIP were: 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-3.9; P = 0.011] for tertiary vocational education, 4.4 (95% CI = 2.1-9.0; P < 0.001) for combined general and vocational secondary education, 2.9 (95% CI = 1.4-6.1; P = 0.006) for general secondary education, 9.5 (95% CI 5.0-18.2; P < 0.001) for vocational secondary education and 14.4 (95% CI = 6.3-33.0; P < 0.001) for compulsory schooling. The total AF of education was 0.5. Adjusted for the other variables, occupational class and subjective economic wellbeing did not predict SIP. Income support recipiency was associated positively with SIP (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1-3.1; P = 0.022). Antenatal stress predicted SIP (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.4-2.8; P < 0.001), but did not attenuate its socio-economic disparities. In Finland, socio-economic disparities in smoking in pregnancy are attributable primarily to differences in the mother's educational level (low versus high) and orientation (vocational versus general). © 2018 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.

Heterologous Protein Secretion in Lactobacilli with Modified pSIP Vectors

PubMed Central

Karlskås, Ingrid Lea; Maudal, Kristina; Axelsson, Lars; Rud, Ida; Eijsink, Vincent G. H.; Mathiesen, Geir

2014-01-01

We describe new variants of the modular pSIP-vectors for inducible gene expression and protein secretion in lactobacilli. The basic functionality of the pSIP system was tested in Lactobacillus strains representing 14 species using pSIP411, which harbors the broad-host-range Lactococcus lactis SH71rep replicon and a β-glucuronidase encoding reporter gene. In 10 species, the inducible gene expression system was functional. Based on these results, three pSIP vectors with different signal peptides were modified by replacing their narrow-host-range L. plantarum 256rep replicon with SH71rep and transformed into strains of five different species of Lactobacillus. All recombinant strains secreted the target protein NucA, albeit with varying production levels and secretion efficiencies. The Lp_3050 derived signal peptide generally resulted in the highest levels of secreted NucA. These modified pSIP vectors are useful tools for engineering a wide variety of Lactobacillus species. PMID:24614815

Assessment of candidate communications systems and technologies for use with intelligent transportation systems (ITS) : task D/E report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-11-01

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) require that states submit State Implementation Plans (SIPs) detailing strategies to improve air quality in nonattainment areas. This analysis first reviews the administrative procedures that states and the...

75 FR 24944 - Adequacy Status of the Milwaukee-Racine, Door County, Manitowoc County, and Sheboygan County...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-06

... a State Implementation Plan (SIP) means that transportation activities will not produce new air... Ozone Redesignation and Maintenance Plans for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY: Environmental... Sheboygan County, Wisconsin ozone nonattainment areas are adequate for use in transportation conformity...

Integrated Financial Reporting for a Small Business

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

to affect future events. Highly summarized and accurate accounting information reduces the risk associated with decision making. Managers, bankers...return scratch a4’ lEdec- returb scratebha2 383 /GIGT81scratcba&rea - /GlGTBIcathre /lRGlocratch area* 384 ZAUG JUL* ISIP AUGrtc&e& IOC? SIP* - 385

Molecular Analysis of Phr Peptide Processing in Bacillus subtilis†

PubMed Central

Stephenson, Sophie; Mueller, Christian; Jiang, Min; Perego, Marta

2003-01-01

In Bacillus subtilis, an export-import pathway regulates production of the Phr pentapeptide inhibitors of Rap proteins. Processing of the Phr precursor proteins into the active pentapeptide form is a key event in the initiation of sporulation and competence development. The PhrA (ARNQT) and PhrE (SRNVT) peptides inhibit the RapA and RapE phosphatases, respectively, whose activity is directed toward the Spo0F∼P intermediate response regulator of the sporulation phosphorelay. The PhrC (ERGMT) peptide inhibits the RapC protein acting on the ComA response regulator for competence with regard to DNA transformation. The structural organization of PhrA, PhrE, and PhrC suggested a role for type I signal peptidases in the processing of the Phr preinhibitor, encoded by the phr genes, into the proinhibitor form. The proinhibitor was then postulated to be cleaved to the active pentapeptide inhibitor by an additional enzyme. In this report, we provide evidence that Phr preinhibitor proteins are subject to only one processing event at the peptide bond on the amino-terminal end of the pentapeptide. This processing event is most likely independent of type I signal peptidase activity. In vivo and in vitro analyses indicate that none of the five signal peptidases of B. subtilis (SipS, SipT, SipU, SipV, and SipW) are indispensable for Phr processing. However, we show that SipV and SipT have a previously undescribed role in sporulation, competence, and cell growth. PMID:12897006

Molecular analysis of Phr peptide processing in Bacillus subtilis.

PubMed

Stephenson, Sophie; Mueller, Christian; Jiang, Min; Perego, Marta

2003-08-01

In Bacillus subtilis, an export-import pathway regulates production of the Phr pentapeptide inhibitors of Rap proteins. Processing of the Phr precursor proteins into the active pentapeptide form is a key event in the initiation of sporulation and competence development. The PhrA (ARNQT) and PhrE (SRNVT) peptides inhibit the RapA and RapE phosphatases, respectively, whose activity is directed toward the Spo0F approximately P intermediate response regulator of the sporulation phosphorelay. The PhrC (ERGMT) peptide inhibits the RapC protein acting on the ComA response regulator for competence with regard to DNA transformation. The structural organization of PhrA, PhrE, and PhrC suggested a role for type I signal peptidases in the processing of the Phr preinhibitor, encoded by the phr genes, into the proinhibitor form. The proinhibitor was then postulated to be cleaved to the active pentapeptide inhibitor by an additional enzyme. In this report, we provide evidence that Phr preinhibitor proteins are subject to only one processing event at the peptide bond on the amino-terminal end of the pentapeptide. This processing event is most likely independent of type I signal peptidase activity. In vivo and in vitro analyses indicate that none of the five signal peptidases of B. subtilis (SipS, SipT, SipU, SipV, and SipW) are indispensable for Phr processing. However, we show that SipV and SipT have a previously undescribed role in sporulation, competence, and cell growth.

Kids SIP smartER: A Feasibility Study to Reduce Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Middle School Youth in Central Appalachia.

PubMed

Lane, Hannah; Porter, Kathleen J; Hecht, Erin; Harris, Priscilla; Kraak, Vivica; Zoellner, Jamie

2017-01-01

To test the feasibility of Kids SIP smartER, a school-based intervention to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Matched-contact randomized crossover study with mixed-methods analysis. One middle school in rural, Appalachian Virginia. Seventy-four sixth and seventh graders (5 classrooms) received Kids SIP smartER in random order over 2 intervention periods. Feasibility outcomes were assessed among 2 teachers. Kids SIP smartER consisted of 6 lessons grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior, media literacy, and public health literacy and aimed to improve individual SSB behaviors and understanding of media literacy and prevalent regional disparities. The matched-contact intervention promoted physical activity. Beverage Intake Questionnaire-15 (SSB consumption), validated theory questionnaires, feasibility questionnaires (student and teacher), student focus groups, teacher interviews, and process data (eg, attendance). Repeated measures analysis of variances across 3 time points, descriptive statistics, and deductive analysis of qualitative data. During the first intervention period, students receiving Kids SIP smartER (n = 43) significantly reduced SSBs by 11 ounces/day ( P = .01) and improved media ( P < .001) and public health literacy ( P < .01) understanding; however, only media literacy showed between-group differences ( P < .01). Students and teachers found Kids SIP smartER acceptable, in-demand, practical, and implementable within existing resources. Kids SIP smartER is feasible in an underresourced, rural school setting. Results will inform further development and large-scale testing of Kids SIP smartER to reduce SSBs among rural adolescents.

Multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations associated with acceptance test: a study on special beers.

PubMed

Corrêa Simioni, Síntia Carla; Ribeiro, Michele Nayara; de Souza, Vanessa Rios; Nunes, Cleiton Antônio; Pinheiro, Ana Carla Marques

2018-03-01

In this study, we proposed the use of a multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) test alongside with an acceptance test over repeated consumption for the analysis of special beers, with the aim of contributing to a deeper understanding of consumer behavior regarding temporal descriptions and sensory acceptance. Consumers of special beers sequentially evaluated six sips of a particular type of beer by TDS analysis and an acceptance test was performed for each sip. Four different kinds of specialty beers were evaluated [Bohemian Pilsner (BP), Witbier (WB), Belgian Strong Ale Dubbel (BD), and Russian Imperial Stout (RS)]. In general, the descriptive profile of beers varied temporally, i.e., there was an increased dominance of bitterness and a decreased dominance of fruity, floral, toffee, and coffee attributes. Concurrently, a reduction in sensory acceptance with an increased number of sips, especially the last sip, was observed in two kinds of beers that possessed a strong flavor, BD and RS. BP and WB presented smooth attributes and low notable characteristics, which could have contributed to the maintenance of the acceptance grades as the number of sips increased. The combination of TDS and acceptance over repeated sips can be useful for obtaining detailed descriptions of products that are closer to real time consumption by consumers, and thus aids in ensuring good product performance once released. The information obtained can also help product development scientists to fine-tune product formulations and ensure acceptability.

76 FR 44809 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, Placer County Air Pollution Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-27

...EPA is finalizing a limited approval and limited disapproval of permitting rules submitted for the Placer County Air Pollution Control District (PCAPCD) and Feather River Air Quality Management District (FRAQMD) portions of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions were proposed in the Federal Register on May 19, 2011 and concern New Source Review (NSR) permit programs for new and modified major stationary sources of air pollution. We are approving local rules that regulate these emission sources under the Clean Air Act as amended in 1990 (CAA or the Act).

40 CFR 52.2522 - Approval status.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Federal regulatory SIP requirements for PSD applicable as of the August 31, 2011 SIP revision submission..., October 1, 2009, October 26, 2011, and February 17, 2012 which address the PSD-related requirements set... February 17, 2012 submitted to meet the PSD-related infrastructure SIP obligations set forth at CAA...

Construction of In-house Databases in a Corporation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kato, Toshio

Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. constructed Osaka Gas Technical Information System (OGTIS) in 1979, which stores and retrieves the in-house technical information and provides even primary materials by unifying optical disk files, facsimile system and so on. The major information sources are technical materials, survey materials, planning documents, design materials, research reports, business tour reports which are all generated inside the Company. At the present moment it amounts to 25,000 items in total adding 1,000 items annually. The data file is updated once in a month and also outputs the abstract journal OGTIS Report monthly. In 1983 it constructed System for International Exchange of Personal Information (SIP) as a subsystem of OGTIS in order to compile SIP database which covers exchange outlines with oversea enterprises or organizations. The data size is 2,600 totally adding about 500 annually with monthly data updating.

New Developments in Developmental Research on Social Information Processing and Antisocial Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fontaine, Reid Griffith

2010-01-01

The Special Section on developmental research on social information processing (SIP) and antisocial behavior is here introduced. Following a brief history of SIP theory, comments on several themes--measurement and assessment, attributional and interpretational style, response evaluation and decision, and the relation between emotion and SIP--that…

76 FR 28437 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Project (SIP): Initial...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Project (SIP): Initial Review The meeting... Disease or Treated by Assisted Reproductive Technology, SIP11-048, Panel F,'' initial review In accordance...

75 FR 30410 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Project (SIP): Provider...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-01

..., Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Project (SIP): Provider and Public Health... and Public Health Input for Vaccine Policy Decisions, SIP 10-036.'' Contact Person for More Information: Michelle Mathieson, Public Health Analyst, National Center for Chronic Disease and Health...

School Inclusion Programmes (SIPS)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drossinou-Korea, Maria; Matousi, Dimitra; Panopoulos, Nikolaos; Paraskevopoulou, Aikaterini

2016-01-01

The purpose of this work was to understand the school inclusion programmes (SIPs) for students with special educational needs (SEN). The methodology was conducted in the field of special education (SE) and focuses on three case studies of students who was supported by SIPs. The Targeted, Individual, Structured, Inclusion Programme for students…

Closed Conference Signalling Using the Session Initiation Protocol.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miladinovic, Igor; Stadler, Johannes

2003-01-01

Introduces an extension of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for closed multiparty conferences; the extension expands SIP for discovery of participant identities in a conference, and ensures that each participant is notified before a new participant joins. Verifies this extension by applying it to two SIP conference models. Concludes with an…

A Feasibility Study on the Geophysical Response to Nanoparticles in the Subsurface

EPA Science Inventory

The research presented herein aims to determine if a spectral induced polarization (SIP) response exists due to nanoparticles in a saturated sand matrix. If a SIP response is realized in such an experimental setting, then it is feasible that SIP may be capable of delineating nano...

40 CFR 52.1638 - Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) for Bernalillo County that contained commitments, from the Director of the Albuquerque Environmental... SIPs. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County Air Quality Control Board adopted this SIP revision on November 9, 1988. (b) The Albuquerque Environmental Health Department has committed to comply with...

40 CFR 52.1638 - Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) for Bernalillo County that contained commitments, from the Director of the Albuquerque Environmental... SIPs. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County Air Quality Control Board adopted this SIP revision on November 9, 1988. (b) The Albuquerque Environmental Health Department has committed to comply with...

40 CFR 52.1638 - Bernalillo County particulate matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) for Bernalillo County that contained commitments, from the Director of the Albuquerque Environmental... SIPs. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County Air Quality Control Board adopted this SIP revision on November 9, 1988. (b) The Albuquerque Environmental Health Department has committed to comply with...

Nationwide SIP Telephony Network Design to Prevent Congestion Caused by Disaster

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Satoh, Daisuke; Ashitagawa, Kyoko

We present a session initiation protocol (SIP) network design for a voice-over-IP network to prevent congestion caused by people calling friends and family after a disaster. The design increases the capacity of SIP servers in a network by using all of the SIP servers equally. It takes advantage of the fact that equipment for voice data packets is different from equipment for signaling packets in SIP networks. Furthermore, the design achieves simple routing on the basis of telephone numbers. We evaluated the performance of our design in preventing congestion through simulation. We showed that the proposed design has roughly 20 times more capacity, which is 57 times the normal load, than the conventional design if a disaster were to occur in Niigata Prefecture struck by the Chuetsu earthquake in 2004.

77 FR 59356 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina: Approval of Rocky Mount...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-27

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina: Approval of Rocky Mount Supplemental Motor Vehicle... is proposing to approve a revision to the North Carolina State Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted... supplements the original redesignation request and maintenance plan for Rocky Mount 1997 8-hour ozone area...

78 FR 69806 - Identification of Nonattainment Classification and Deadlines for Submission of State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-21

...] Identification of Nonattainment Classification and Deadlines for Submission of State Implementation Plan (SIP... NAAQS under subpart 4. This proposed rulemaking identifies the classification under subpart 4 for areas... pursuant to subpart 1. Specifically, the EPA is proposing to identify the initial classification of current...

40 CFR 52.725 - Control strategy: Particulates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) Approval—On March 19, 1996, and October 15, 1996, Illinois submitted requests to redesignate the Granite... Quality Standards (NAAQS), as well as a maintenance plan for the Granite City area to ensure continued... approval of Illinois' May 15, 1992, SIP submittal for the Lake Calumet (SE Chicago), McCook, and Granite...

40 CFR 52.1376 - Extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Extensions. 52.1376 Section 52.1376... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Montana § 52.1376 Extensions. On October 7, 1993, EPA granted... 1990, for submittal of the SIP for the East Helena area to attain and maintain the sulfur dioxide...

40 CFR 52.1376 - Extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Extensions. 52.1376 Section 52.1376... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Montana § 52.1376 Extensions. On October 7, 1993, EPA granted... 1990, for submittal of the SIP for the East Helena area to attain and maintain the sulfur dioxide...

40 CFR 52.1376 - Extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Extensions. 52.1376 Section 52.1376... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Montana § 52.1376 Extensions. On October 7, 1993, EPA granted... 1990, for submittal of the SIP for the East Helena area to attain and maintain the sulfur dioxide...

40 CFR 52.1376 - Extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Extensions. 52.1376 Section 52.1376... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Montana § 52.1376 Extensions. On October 7, 1993, EPA granted... 1990, for submittal of the SIP for the East Helena area to attain and maintain the sulfur dioxide...

40 CFR 52.1376 - Extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Extensions. 52.1376 Section 52.1376... PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (CONTINUED) Montana § 52.1376 Extensions. On October 7, 1993, EPA granted... 1990, for submittal of the SIP for the East Helena area to attain and maintain the sulfur dioxide...

77 FR 29540 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Portion of York County, SC Within Charlotte...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... 1997 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area; Ozone 2002 Base Year Emissions Inventory AGENCY: Environmental... ozone 2002 base year emissions inventory portion of the state implementation plan (SIP) revision.... The emissions inventory is included in the ozone attainment demonstration that was submitted for the...

77 FR 36442 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-19

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Michigan; PSD Regulations AGENCY: Environmental Protection... Significant Deterioration (PSD) construction permit program of State of Michigan's State Implementation Plan (SIP) to meet the Clean Air Act (CAA) requirements for PSD in Class I Areas attaining the National...

77 FR 33454 - Adequacy Status: South Carolina: Reasonable Further Progress Plan Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-06

.... Conformity to a SIP means that transportation activities will not produce new air quality violations, worsen... Carolina: Reasonable Further Progress Plan Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget for Transportation Conformity for... adequate for transportation conformity purposes. The South Carolina portion of the Charlotte bi-state Area...

77 FR 45532 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Michigan; Detroit-Ann Arbor Nonattainment Area...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-01

... 2005 Base Year Emissions Inventory AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve the fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) 2005 base year emissions...) plan, contingency measures, a 2005 base year emissions inventory and other planning SIP revisions...

76 FR 4076 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plan and Operating Permits Program; State of Missouri

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-24

... ago. (For example, 10 CSR 10-5.250 required existing sources to comply with emissions limitation no... identified in the approved SIP as 10 CSR 10- 2.150, 4.140, and 5.250, applicable to the Kansas City... to the Operating Permits Program (10 CSR 10-6.110). One revision changes the reporting threshold for...

76 FR 30600 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Revisions to Clean Air...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-26

... business hours at the Air Protection Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch...) with a State plan based on the CAIR model rule that would allow subject sources, non-EGUs from its... program, definitions associated with the State's decision to bring its non-EGUs from its NO X SIP Call...

78 FR 45866 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plan Revisions; Infrastructure Requirements for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-30

... initials NSR mean or refer to new source review. (vii) The initials PM mean or refer to particulate matter... that each state, after a new or revised NAAQS is promulgated, review their SIPs to ensure that they... giving meaning to certain words or initials as follows: (i) The words or initials Act or CAA mean or...

76 FR 59090 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oregon: New Source Review/Prevention of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

...EPA is proposing to approve a portion of the State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of Oregon for the purpose of addressing the third element of the interstate transport provisions of Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act) section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or standards) and the 1997 and 2006 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) NAAQS. The third element of CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) requires that a State not interfere with any other State's required measures to prevent significant deterioration (PSD) of its air quality. EPA is also proposing to approve numerous revisions to the Oregon SIP that were submitted to EPA by the State of Oregon on October 8, 2008; October 10, 2008; March 17, 2009; June 23, 2010; December 22, 2010 and May 5, 2011. The revisions include updating Oregon's new source review (NSR) rules to be consistent with current Federal regulations and streamlining Oregon's air quality rules by clarifying requirements, removing duplicative rules, and correcting errors. The revisions were submitted in accordance with the requirements of section 110 and part D of the Act).

A second gene for type I signal peptidase in Bradyrhizobium japonicum, sipF, is located near genes involved in RNA processing and cell division.

PubMed

Bairl, A; Müller, P

1998-11-01

The TnphoA-induced Bradyrhizobium japonicum mutant 184 shows slow growth and aberrant colonization of soybean nodules. Using a DNA fragment adjacent to the transposon insertion site as a probe, a 3.4-kb BglII fragment of B. japonicum 110spc4 DNA was identified and cloned. Sequence analysis indicated that two truncated ORFs and three complete ORFs were encoded on this fragment. A database search revealed homologies to several other prokaryotic proteins: PdxJ (an enzyme involved in vitamin B6 biosynthesis), AcpS (acyl carrier protein synthase), Lep or Sip (prokaryotic type I signal peptidase), RNase III (an endoribonuclease which processes double-stranded rRNA precursors and mRNA) and Era (a GTP-binding protein required for cell division). The mutation in strain 184 was found to lie within the signal peptidase gene, which was designated sipF. Therefore, sipF is located in a region that encodes gene products involved in posttranscriptional and posttranslational processing processes. By complementation of the lep(ts) E. coli mutant strain IT41 it was demonstrated that sipF indeed encodes a functional signal peptidase, and genetic complementation of B. japonicum mutant 184 by a 2.8-kb SalI fragment indicated that sipF is expressed from a promoter located directly upstream of sipF. Using a non-polar kanamycin resistance cassette, a specific sipF mutant was constructed which exhibited defects in symbiosis similar to those of the original mutant 184.

Bridged HPSi and Linear HSiP as Probes of the SiP Radical in Astrophysical/Interstellar Media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fortenberry, Ryan C.; Francisco, Joseph S.

2017-07-01

The SiP radical has a \\tilde{X}{}2{{\\Pi }} ground state and a low-lying A{}2{{{Σ }}}+ state with a transition wavelength of greater than 20 μm. However, this transition has a near-zero oscillator strength making it all but unobservable. Addition of a hydrogen atom to the system creates the strangely bent HPSi molecule and also the linear HSiP isomer, lying 0.50 eV above the bent. The electron-deficient P-Si π cloud in \\tilde{X}{}2{{\\Pi }} SiP is stabilized by the addition of the hydrogen atom, making this isomer the preferred form of HPSi. The HSiP linear isomer can be formed from A{}2{{{Σ }}}+ SiP. As a result, the [HPSi]/[HSiP] ratio could serve as tracer of the otherwise unobservable but low-lying A{}2{{{Σ }}}+≤ftarrow \\tilde{X}{}2{{\\Pi }} electronic transition of SiP. The high-level quantum chemical computations employed here imply that the rotational lines of HPSi and HSiP will overlap extensively, but the vibrational frequencies, especially the hydride stretch, are significantly separated. The hydride stretches are in the 5 μm range, making them excellent candidates for mid-IR observations with the Stratsopheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy or with the James Webb Space Telescope. Furthermore, the rotational constants and vibrational frequencies of \\tilde{X}{}2{{\\Pi }} SiP, A{}2{{{Σ }}}+ SiP, and \\tilde{X}{}1{{{Σ }}}+ SiP- are also provided in addition to the relative energies of all five species.

Safety and immunogenicity of an oral DNA vaccine encoding Sip of Streptococcus agalactiae from Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus delivered by live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium.

PubMed

Huang, L Y; Wang, K Y; Xiao, D; Chen, D F; Geng, Y; Wang, J; He, Y; Wang, E L; Huang, J L; Xiao, G Y

2014-05-01

Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL7207 was used as a carrier for a reconstructed DNA vaccine against Streptococcus agalactiae. A 1.02 kb DNA fragment, encoding for a portion of the surface immunogenic protein (Sip) of S. agalactiae was inserted into pVAX1. The recombinant plasmid pVAX1-sip was transfected in EPC cells to detect the transient expression by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, together with Western blot analysis. The pVAX1-sip was transformed by electroporation into SL7207. The stability of pVAX1-sip into Salmonella was over 90% after 50 generations with antibiotic selection in vitro while remained stable over 80% during 35 generations under antibiotic-free conditions. The LD50 of SL/pVAX1-sip was 1.7 × 10(11) CFU/fish by intragastric administration which indicated a quite low virulence. Tilapias were inoculated orally at 10(8) CFU/fish, the recombinant bacteria were found present in intestinal tract, spleens and livers and eventually eliminated from the tissues 4 weeks after immunization. Fish immunized at 10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) CFU/fish with different immunization times caused various levels of serum antibody and an effective protection against lethal challenge with the wild-type strain S. agalactiae. Integration studies showed that the pVAX1-sip did not integrate with tilapia chromosomes. The DNA vaccine SL/pVAX1-sip was proved to be safe and effective in protecting tilapias against S. agalactiae infection. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

76 FR 27649 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): Initial...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-12

... Disadvantaged Communities, SIP11-041, Feasibility Study to Link Data from the National Breast and Cervical..., Management Analysis and Services Office, CDC, pursuant to Public Law 92-463. Matters To Be Discussed: The... Promote Colorectal Cancer Screening in Disadvantaged Communities, SIP11-041, Feasibility Study to Link...

Social Information Processing as a Mediator between Cognitive Schemas and Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calvete, Esther; Orue, Izaskun

2012-01-01

This longitudinal investigation assessed whether cognitive schemas of justification of violence, mistrust, and narcissism predicted social information processing (SIP), and SIP in turn predicted aggressive behavior in adolescents. A total of 650 adolescents completed measures of cognitive schemas at Time 1, SIP in ambiguous social scenarios at…

77 FR 24843 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Removal of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-26

... requirements for large stationary internal combustion engines under the NO X SIP Call. Transco Station 175 has...), large stationary internal combustion engines, and large cement kilns. The NO X SIP Call was challenged... internal combustion engines and large cement kilns. EPA approved Virginia's Phase I NO X SIP Call...

40 CFR 52.2306 - Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.2306 Section 52.2306 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. On July 18, 1988, the Governor of Texas submitted a...

40 CFR 52.2306 - Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.2306 Section 52.2306 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. On July 18, 1988, the Governor of Texas submitted a...

40 CFR 52.1637 - Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.1637 Section 52.1637 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On August 19, 1988, the Governor of New Mexico...

40 CFR 52.1637 - Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.1637 Section 52.1637 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate Matter (PM10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On August 19, 1988, the Governor of New Mexico...

40 CFR 52.634 - Particulate matter (PM-10) Group III SIP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Hawaii § 52.634 Particulate matter (PM-10) Group III SIP. (a) On September 14, 1988, the Governor of Hawaii submitted a revision to the... necessary to satisfy the requirements of the PM-10 Group III SIP. (b) The Hawaii Department of Health has...

77 FR 45949 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; Preconstruction...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-02

... (SIP) submitted by the Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE). These revisions pertain to... are listed in the www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in the electronic docket, some... submitted by MDE, as described below. II. Summary of SIP Revision A. SIP Revision 07-13 On October 24, 2007...

76 FR 69895 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; California; 2008 San Joaquin Valley PM2.5

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-09

... Control District and the California Air Resources Board. Finally, it is disapproving the SIP's contingency... that SIP revision on July 29, 2011. EPA also proposed to disapprove the contingency measures provisions... also today disapproving the SIP's contingency measure provisions because they do not provide sufficient...

78 FR 77628 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Hampshire; Manchester and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

... Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NH DES) submitted a SIP revision to EPA that contained... 8-hour CO standard. On August 1, 2012, the NH DES submitted a limited maintenance plan SIP revision... DES's SIP revision uses EPA's limited maintenance plan approach, as detailed in the EPA guidance...

Identification and characterisation of isoprene-degrading bacteria in an estuarine environment.

PubMed

Johnston, Antonia; Crombie, Andrew T; El Khawand, Myriam; Sims, Leanne; Whited, Gregg M; McGenity, Terry J; Colin Murrell, J

2017-09-01

Approximately one-third of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted to the atmosphere consists of isoprene, originating from the terrestrial and marine biosphere, with a profound effect on atmospheric chemistry. However, isoprene provides an abundant and largely unexplored source of carbon and energy for microbes. The potential for isoprene degradation in marine and estuarine samples from the Colne Estuary, UK, was investigated using DNA-Stable Isotope Probing (DNA-SIP). Analysis at two timepoints showed the development of communities dominated by Actinobacteria including members of the genera Mycobacterium, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium and Gordonia. Representative isolates, capable of growth on isoprene as sole carbon and energy source, were obtained from marine and estuarine locations, and isoprene-degrading strains of Gordonia and Mycobacterium were characterised physiologically and their genomes were sequenced. Genes predicted to be required for isoprene metabolism, including four-component isoprene monooxygenases (IsoMO), were identified and compared with previously characterised examples. Transcriptional and activity assays of strains growing on isoprene or alternative carbon sources showed that growth on isoprene is an inducible trait requiring a specific IsoMO. This study is the first to identify active isoprene degraders in estuarine and marine environments using DNA-SIP and to characterise marine isoprene-degrading bacteria at the physiological and molecular level. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

78 FR 54396 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; State of New Jersey; Redesignation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-04

...On December 26, 2012 the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) submitted a request for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to approve the redesignation of the New Jersey portion of the New York-N.New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ- CT nonattainment area, and the New Jersey portion of the Philadelphia- Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE nonattainment area, from nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 annual and the 2006 24-hour Fine Particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). In conjunction with its redesignation request, New Jersey submitted a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan for the areas that provides for continued maintenance of the 1997 annual and 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS. The submittals included the 2007 ammonia (NH3), volatile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen oxides (NOX), direct PM2.5 and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions inventories submitted to meet the comprehensive emissions inventory requirements of section 172(c)(3) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), and accompanying motor vehicle emissions budgets. EPA is taking final action to approve the requested SIP revisions and to redesignate the New Jersey portions of the New York- N.New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT nonattainment area, and the Philadelphia-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE nonattainment area, to attainment for the 1997 annual and the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS.

Executive function is necessary for the regulation of the stepping activity when stepping in place in older adults.

PubMed

Dalton, Christopher; Sciadas, Ria; Nantel, Julie

2016-10-01

To determine the effect of age on stepping performance and to compare the cognitive demand required to regulate repetitive stepping between older and younger adults while performing a stepping in place task (SIP). Fourteen younger (25.4 ± 6.5) and 15 older adults (71.0 ± 9.0) participated in this study. They performed a seated category fluency task and Stroop test, followed by a 60 s SIP task. Following this, both the cognitive and motor tasks were performed simultaneously. We assessed cognitive performance, SIP cycle duration, asymmetry, and arrhythmicity. Compared to younger adults, older adults had larger SIP arrhythmicity both as a single task and when combined with the Category (p < 0.001) and Stroop (p < 0.01) tasks. Older adults also had larger arrhythmicity when dual tasking compared to SIP alone (p < 0.001). Older adults showed greater SIP asymmetry when combined with Category (p = 0.006) and Stroop (p = 0.06) tasks. Finally, they had lower cognitive performance than younger adults in both single and dual tasks (p < 0.01). Age and type of cognitive task performed with the motor task affected different components of stepping. While SIP arrhythmicity was larger for all conditions in older compared to younger adults, cycle duration was not different, and asymmetry tended to be larger during SIP when paired with a verbal fluency task. SIP does not require a high level of control for dynamic stability, therefore demonstrating that higher-level executive function is necessary for the regulation of stepping activity independently of the regulation of postural balance. Furthermore, older adults may lack the cognitive resources needed to adequately regulate stepping activity while performing a cognitive task relying on the executive function.

77 FR 76415 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Redesignation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

...EPA is approving a redesignation request and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia. The West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) requested that the West Virginia portion of the Huntington- Ashland, WV-KY-OH fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment area (``Huntington-Ashland Area'' or ``Area'') be redesignated as attainment for the 1997 annual PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). In this rulemaking action, EPA is approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 redesignation request for the West Virginia portion of the Area. EPA is also approving the maintenance plan SIP revision that the State submitted in conjunction with its redesignation request. The maintenance plan provides for continued attainment of the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS for 10 years after redesignation of the West Virginia portion of the Area. The maintenance plan includes an insignificance determination for the onroad motor vehicle contribution of PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOX), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for the West Virginia portion of the Area for purposes of transportation conformity. EPA is approving West Virginia's insignificance determination for transportation conformity. EPA is also finding that the Area continues to attain the standard. This rulemaking action approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS redesignation request, maintenance plan, and insignificance determination for transportation conformity for the West Virginia portion of the Area is based on EPA's determination that the Area has met the criteria for redesignation to attainment specified in the Clean Air Act (CAA).

Request For Guidance in Drafting a SIP Deficiency Notice For Michigan's Nonattainment New Source Review Program

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document may be of assistance in applying the New Source Review (NSR) air permitting regulations including the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements. This document is part of the NSR Policy and Guidance Database. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

77 FR 58032 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Albuquerque/Bernalillo County...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-19

... prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) measures required in the SIP of any other state, with regard to... modify the PSD SIP to include nitrogen oxides (NO X ) as an ozone precursor. EPA is approving revisions to the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County PSD SIP that identify the PM 2.5 precursors and establish...

77 FR 31358 - Disease, Disability, and Injury Prevention and Control Special Interest Projects (SIPs): Initial...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-25

... announced below concerns Research to Enhance Community- Based Fall Prevention among Older Adults, SIP12-058, and Developing a Compendium of Measures and Questions to Assess Mobility: A Focus on Older Adult... Older Adults, SIP12-058, and Developing a Compendium of Measures and Questions to Assess Mobility: A...

40 CFR 52.1489 - Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.1489 Section 52.1489 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On March 29, 1989, the Air Quality Officer for the...

40 CFR 52.1489 - Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments. 52.1489 Section 52.1489 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Particulate matter (PM-10) Group II SIP commitments. (a) On March 29, 1989, the Air Quality Officer for the...

75 FR 6813 - Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Albuquerque/Bernalillo County

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-11

...). ACTION: Direct final rule. SUMMARY: The EPA is approving revisions to the State Implementation Plan (SIP.... Background III. Summary of Changes to the New Mexico SIP IV. Final Action V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. What Action Is EPA Taking? Today we are approving revisions to the New Mexico SIP, submitted by...

77 FR 67596 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Montana; Revisions to the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-13

... Proposed Action on SIP Revisions V. Summary of EPA's Proposed Action VI. Statutory and Executive Order... Program, unless the context indicates otherwise. (xi) The initials SIP mean or refer to State... September 23, 2011 the State of Montana submitted new rules and revisions to revise the Montana SIP. The...

77 FR 62449 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Alabama; Disapproval of 110(a)(2)(E)(ii...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-15

... in their comment that EPA approve a conflict of interest protocol submitted for inclusion in the SIP... that with the inclusion of this protocol in the SIP, EPA would be able to approve Alabama's 1997 annual... the State Implementation Plan (SIP) submissions, submitted by the State of Alabama, through the...

76 FR 41424 - Finding of Substantial Inadequacy of Implementation Plan; Call for Iowa State Implementation Plan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-14

... modeling requirement for this SIP call should allow for the use of the modeling protocol developed by Iowa... is making a finding that the Iowa State Implementation Plan (SIP) is substantially inadequate to... ) in Muscatine County, Iowa. The specific SIP deficiencies needing revision are described below. EPA is...

75 FR 6336 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Removal of NOX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-09

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Removal of NOX SIP Call Rules AGENCY... Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia that removes West Virginia's nitrogen oxides (NOx) SIP Call rules. In the Final Rules section of this Federal Register, EPA is approving the...

78 FR 17108 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Washington; Revised Format for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-20

... Plan Section H. When a SIP Revision Becomes Federally Enforceable I. The Historical Record of SIP... business assistance programs. H. When a SIP Revision Becomes Federally Enforceable All revisions to the... Administrative Code, Chapter 173-430--Burning of Field and Forage and Turf Grasses Grown for Seed Open Burning...

Do Social Information-Processing Models Explain Aggressive Behaviour by Children with Mild Intellectual Disabilities in Residential Care?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Nieuwenhuijzen, M.; de Castro, B. O.; van der Valk, I.; Wijnroks, L.; Vermeer, A.; Matthys, W.

2006-01-01

Background: This study aimed to examine whether the social information-processing model (SIP model) applies to aggressive behaviour by children with mild intellectual disabilities (MID). The response-decision element of SIP was expected to be unnecessary to explain aggressive behaviour in these children, and SIP was expected to mediate the…

75 FR 16706 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to Voiding of Permits and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-02

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to Voiding of Permits and Extension of Permits AGENCY... Implementation Plan (SIP). Within this SIP submittal, the State repealed a paragraph of the SIP rule pertaining... met, including a health effects review. EPA is proposing to approve the new replacement rule for this...

Sip and spit or sip and swallow: Choice of method differentially alters taste intensity estimates across stimuli.

PubMed

Running, Cordelia A; Hayes, John E

2017-11-01

While the myth of the tongue map has been consistently and repeatedly debunked in controlled studies, evidence for regional differences in suprathreshold intensity has been noted by multiple research groups. Given differences in physiology between the anterior and posterior tongue (fungiform versus foliate and circumvallate papillae) and differences in total area stimulated (anterior only versus whole tongue, pharynx, and epiglottis), small methodological changes (sip and spit versus sip and swallow) have the potential to substantially influence data. We hypothesized instructing participants to swallow solutions would result in greater intensity ratings for taste versus expectorating the solutions, particularly for umami and bitter, as these qualities were previously found to elicit regional differences in perceived intensity. Two experiments were conducted: one with model taste solutions [sucrose (sweet), a monosodium glutamate/inosine monophosphate (MSG/IMP) mixture (savory/umami), isolone (a bitter hop extract), and quinine HCl (bitter)], and a second with actual food products (grapefruit juice, salty vegetable stock, savory vegetable stock, iced coffee, and a green tea sweetened with acesulfame-potassium and sucralose). In a counterbalanced crossover design, participants (n=66 in experiment 1 and 64 in experiment 2) rated the stimuli for taste intensities both when swallowing and when spitting out the stimuli. Results suggest swallowing may lead to greater reported bitterness versus spitting out the stimulus, but that this effect was not consistent across all samples. Thus, explicit instructions to spit out or swallow samples should be given to participants in studies investigating differences in taste intensities, as greater intensity may sometimes, but not always, be observed when swallowing various taste stimuli. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

SIP: A Web-Based Astronomical Image Processing Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simonetti, J. H.

1999-12-01

I have written an astronomical image processing and analysis program designed to run over the internet in a Java-compatible web browser. The program, Sky Image Processor (SIP), is accessible at the SIP webpage (http://www.phys.vt.edu/SIP). Since nothing is installed on the user's machine, there is no need to download upgrades; the latest version of the program is always instantly available. Furthermore, the Java programming language is designed to work on any computer platform (any machine and operating system). The program could be used with students in web-based instruction or in a computer laboratory setting; it may also be of use in some research or outreach applications. While SIP is similar to other image processing programs, it is unique in some important respects. For example, SIP can load images from the user's machine or from the Web. An instructor can put images on a web server for students to load and analyze on their own personal computer. Or, the instructor can inform the students of images to load from any other web server. Furthermore, since SIP was written with students in mind, the philosophy is to present the user with the most basic tools necessary to process and analyze astronomical images. Images can be combined (by addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division), multiplied by a constant, smoothed, cropped, flipped, rotated, and so on. Statistics can be gathered for pixels within a box drawn by the user. Basic tools are available for gathering data from an image which can be used for performing simple differential photometry, or astrometry. Therefore, students can learn how astronomical image processing works. Since SIP is not part of a commercial CCD camera package, the program is written to handle the most common denominator image file, the FITS format.

Determination of regional relationships among Salmonella spp. isolated from retail pork circulating in the Chiang Mai municipality area using a WGS data approach.

PubMed

Patchanee, Prapas; Eiamsam-Ang, Thanaporn; Vanaseang, Juntakarn; Boonkhot, Phacharaporn; Tadee, Pakpoom

2017-08-02

Salmonella is recognized as a significant zoonotic foodborne pathogen, and pork products are involved in one-fifth of infections. Whole genome sequencing data of Salmonella isolated from retail's pork circulating in the Chiang Mai Municipality area between April 2013 and September 2014, were used to focus on genetic diversity and proven in pig-human transmission based on Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). Additionally, WGS data were used to investigate virulence genes, to assess the hazard or pathogenic potential transferred into the food production chain. In this study, all 32 Salmonella strains were classified into 11 Sequence Types (STs). ST469 accounted for the majority (41%). The sequence types of two other strains, 6% of the total, could not be identified. All tested strains carried at least 15 virulence genes. The most frequent gene profile was "sfm-fim-sop-inv.-org-sip-spa-sif-fli-flg-hil-spr-ssa-sse-pag-bss" (47%). Salmonella circulating in the study area demonstrated competence in biofilm production, host cell adhesion, host cell invasion, and host cell survival. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic findings, as well as pathogen source, it appears possible that a common supply chain or common infection source might be presented in the retail pork system in the study area. In addition, an epidemiological comparison of the Salmonella genotypes from the current study with those from other areas such as People's Republic of China (PR China) and the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) was generated by Minimum spanning tree (MST). Identical strains originating from humans, animals and food were found. The findings indicate that contamination can be occured at all levels including pre-harvest, the farm-slaughterhouse-retail chain and consumers over different geographical areas. Acquiring information about infection sources and transmission routes will hopefully motivate all sectors to enforce strict sanitation controls at all production stages including the consumer level. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Eragrostis plana Nees as a novel eco-friendly adsorbent for removal of crystal violet from aqueous solutions.

PubMed

Filho, Augusto Cezar D; Mazzocato, Ana C; Dotto, Guilherme L; Thue, Pascal S; Pavan, Flávio A

2017-08-01

Eragrostis plana Nees (EPN) was used as new and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet dye (CV) from aqueous solution. Specific surface area (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), point of zero charge (pH PZC ), and modified Boehm titration method were used to characterize the EPN material. The effects of initial pH of solution, adsorbent mass, contact time and initial dye concentration, and temperature were studied in batch adsorption mode. Kinetic data were evaluated by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The result exhibited that pseudo-second-order model well described the adsorption kinetics of CV onto EPN. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherm models were used for analysis of the isothermal data. The equilibrium data of adsorption of CV onto EPN was better fitted with the Sips isotherm. Based on the Sips isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity was 76.20 ± 1.20 mg g -1 at 333 K. A high desorption of CV from EPN was obtained using 1.00 mol L -1 of CH 3 COOH as eluent. The thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic, and physical process. EPN can be used as alternative adsorbent to remove CV from aqueous solution.

76 FR 41561 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; California; 2007 South Coast PM2.5

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-14

...EPA is proposing to approve in part and disapprove in part state implementation plan (SIP) revisions submitted by California to provide for attainment of the 1997 fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standards in the Los Angeles-South Coast area (South Coast). These SIP revisions are the South Coast 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (South Coast 2007 AQMP) (revised 2011) and South Coast-related provisions of the 2007 State Strategy (revised 2009 and 2011). EPA is proposing to approve the emissions inventories; air quality modeling; reasonably available control measures/reasonably available control technology demonstration; the reasonable further progress and attainment demonstrations; and the transportation conformity motor vehicle emissions budgets. EPA is also proposing to grant California's request to extend the attainment deadline for the South Coast to April 5, 2015 and to approve commitments to measures and reductions by the South Coast Air Quality Management District and the California Air Resources Board. Finally, we are proposing to disapprove the SIP's contingency measures and to reject the assignment of 10 tpd of NOX reductions to the federal government. This proposed rule amends EPA's November 22, 2010 proposed rule (75 FR 91294) on the South Coast PM2.5 plan and 2007 State strategy.

76 FR 7204 - Status of Motor Vehicle Budgets in Submitted State Implementation Plan for Transportation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-09

...EPA is announcing that it has withdrawn its May 30, 2008 adequacy finding of the 2010 particulate matter of ten microns or less (PM-10) motor vehicle emission budget (MVEB) for the Maricopa County (Phoenix) Nonattainment Area. EPA has withdrawn the May 30, 2008 adequacy finding because the State of Arizona withdrew the state implementation plan (SIP) submission containing that MVEB. That SIP revision is no longer pending before EPA. On January 31, 2011, EPA sent letters to the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) and the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) withdrawing the May 30, 2008 adequacy finding of the 2010 PM-10 MVEB. EPA's withdrawal of its May 30, 2008 adequacy finding means that the 2010 PM-10 MVEB is no longer available for transportation conformity purposes.

77 FR 75703 - Partial Approval and Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Arizona; Regional Haze and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-21

... action includes all portions of the SIP except for three electric generating stations that were addressed... Arizona's Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) control analysis and determinations, Reasonable... refer to Best Available Retrofit Technology. (6) The term Class I area refers to a mandatory Class I...

78 FR 33784 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Kentucky: Kentucky Portion of Cincinnati...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-05

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Kentucky: Kentucky Portion of Cincinnati-Hamilton, Supplement Motor.... SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve a revision to the Kentucky State Implementation Plan (SIP), submitted... maintenance plan for the Kentucky portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN, maintenance area for the 1997...

78 FR 34903 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Plan Revision; Motor... request by Ohio to revise the 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality State Implementation Plan (SIP) to... area with budgets developed using EPA's Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) emissions model. Ohio...

Impact of the NOx SIP Call on Respiratory Hospitalizations in New York State

EPA Science Inventory

Asthma is a serious public health problem in New York State (NYS), affecting 8.4% (370,000) children and 7.6% (more than 1.1 million) adults. Asthma burden in New York's urban areas is consistently higher than the national average, with marked differences in prevalence and seve...

76 FR 58050 - Tennessee Valley Authority, Bellefonte Nuclear Power Plant, Unit 1; Environmental Assessment and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-19

...--federal candidate) were identified in the TVA Biological Assessment (BA) as occurring in areas potentially... major pumps, motors, heat exchangers, tanks, and piping; refurbish major equipment, such as reactor... actions with SIPs, amends 40 CFR part 51, Subpart W, and specifically identifies tribal agencies as...

75 FR 16456 - Adequacy Status of the Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX Maintenance Plan; 8-Hour Ozone Motor Vehicle...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... (MVEB) in the Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas (BPA) Redesignation Request/Maintenance Plan State... Quality (TCEQ) are adequate for transportation conformity purposes. As a result of EPA's finding, the BPA... Plan SIP for the Beaumont-Port Arthur (BPA) ozone nonattainment area. This submission established the...

77 FR 31351 - Adequacy Determination for Aspen PM10 and Fort Collins Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plans' Motor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-25

...[bdi1][bdi0] and Fort Collins Carbon Monoxide Maintenance Plans' Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for... Aspen Attainment/Maintenance Area'' \\1\\ and its motor vehicle emissions budget, and the ``Revised Carbon... which we determine whether a SIP revision's motor vehicle emissions budget (MVEB) is adequate for...

40 CFR 93.158 - Criteria for determining conformity of general Federal actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... reflect the historical activity levels that occurred in the geographic area affected by the proposed...(d)) using the historic activity levels (described in paragraph (a)(5)(iv)(A) of this section) and... responsible for the applicable SIP to result in a level of emissions which, together with all other emissions...

77 FR 30214 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Rhode Island; Regional Haze

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Rhode Island; Regional Haze AGENCY: Environmental Protection... Implementation Plan (SIP) that addresses regional haze for the first planning period from 2008 through 2018. The... geographic area (also referred to as the ``regional haze program''). DATES: Effective Date: This rule is...

77 FR 16937 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-23

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Regional Haze State Implementation Plan AGENCY... limited disapproval of West Virginia's Regional Haze State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision. EPA is... mandatory Class I areas through a regional haze program. EPA is also approving this revision as meeting the...

77 FR 5191 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; District of Columbia; Regional...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-02

... Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; District of Columbia; Regional Haze State Implementation Plan... of Columbia Regional Haze Plan, a revision to the District of Columbia State Implementation Plan (SIP... existing anthropogenic impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas through a regional haze program...

40 CFR 52.1640 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...; and (4) Air Pollution Episode Contingency Plan for New Mexico, as adopted by the NMEID on July 7, 1988... Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in Areas of Bernalillo County Designated Nonattainment, as approved... SIP to udpate the Supplement to the New Mexico State Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in...

40 CFR 52.1640 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...; and (4) Air Pollution Episode Contingency Plan for New Mexico, as adopted by the NMEID on July 7, 1988... Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in Areas of Bernalillo County Designated Nonattainment, as approved... SIP to udpate the Supplement to the New Mexico State Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in...

40 CFR 52.1640 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...; and (4) Air Pollution Episode Contingency Plan for New Mexico, as adopted by the NMEID on July 7, 1988... Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in Areas of Bernalillo County Designated Nonattainment, as approved... SIP to udpate the Supplement to the New Mexico State Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in...

40 CFR 52.1640 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...; and (4) Air Pollution Episode Contingency Plan for New Mexico, as adopted by the NMEID on July 7, 1988... Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in Areas of Bernalillo County Designated Nonattainment, as approved... SIP to udpate the Supplement to the New Mexico State Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in...

40 CFR 52.1640 - Original identification of plan section.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...; and (4) Air Pollution Episode Contingency Plan for New Mexico, as adopted by the NMEID on July 7, 1988... Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in Areas of Bernalillo County Designated Nonattainment, as approved... SIP to udpate the Supplement to the New Mexico State Implementation Plan to Control Air Pollution in...

78 FR 78311 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Washington: Kent, Seattle, and Tacoma Second...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

... Amendments. The Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) and the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency (PSCAA... international pollution. The second comment requested that Ecology expand the Kent maintenance area boundary and... determined that Ecology's responses were appropriate and adequate. This SIP revision was submitted by the...

76 FR 4342 - Adequacy Status of the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Texas Reasonable Further Progress and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-25

... they do so. Conformity to a SIP means that transportation activities will not produce new air quality... Budgets for Transportation Conformity Purposes AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION... adequate for transportation conformity purposes. As a result of EPA's finding, the HGB area must use these...

Arizona Air Quality State Implementation Plans; Final Approval; Douglas, Arizona; Second 10-Year Sulfur Dioxide Maintenance Plan

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA is taking final rulemaking action to approve, as part of the State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the State of Arizona, the second 10-year maintenance plan for the Douglas maintenance area for the 1971 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2.

78 FR 7340 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Idaho: Sandpoint PM10 Nonattainment Area...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-01

... Sandpoint City Ordinance 965 for control of residential burning because it strengthens the SIP. The EPA is... woodstoves and burning. The public awareness program provided citizens with information about stove sizing... uncertified solid fuel heating appliances, and implements a wood burning curtailment program in the City of...

78 FR 45152 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas; North Carolina...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-26

... available control measures (RACM), a reasonable further progress (RFP) plan, \\2\\ contingency measures, a..., contingency measures, and other planning SIP revisions related to attainment of the standard were suspended as...,'' Memorandum from G. T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch, April 30, 1992; 3. ``Contingency...

78 FR 48318 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Texas; Victoria County, 1997 8...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-08

... submitted a revision to the contingency portion of the Maintenance Plan. These submitted SIP revisions are..., penalties, milestones, contingency plans, and motor vehicle emission budgets. Consequently, the Court's... illustrating how the area will continue in attainment of the 1997 ozone NAAQS and contingency measures. Our...

78 FR 6064 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio and Indiana; Cincinnati...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-29

...) 2010a emissions model. The Ohio and Indiana portions of the Cincinnati- Hamilton area include the Ohio... SIP revision request to EPA for parallel processing with a letter dated October 12, 2012, and followed... special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. The Regional Office official...

75 FR 64155 - Approval of Implementation Plans of Wisconsin: Nitrogen Oxides Reasonably Available Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-19

..., 2009. These revisions incorporate provisions related to the implementation of nitrogen oxides (NO X... ozone nonattainment areas. EPA is approving SIP revisions that address the NO X RACT requirements found in the Clean Air Act (CAA). EPA is also approving other miscellaneous rule changes that affect NO X...

Dynamic modeling of potentially conflicting energy reduction strategies for residential structures in semi-arid climates.

PubMed

Hester, Nathan; Li, Ke; Schramski, John R; Crittenden, John

2012-04-30

Globally, residential energy consumption continues to rise due to a variety of trends such as increasing access to modern appliances, overall population growth, and the overall increase of electricity distribution. Currently, residential energy consumption accounts for approximately one-fifth of total U.S. energy consumption. This research analyzes the effectiveness of a range of energy-saving measures for residential houses in semi-arid climates. These energy-saving measures include: structural insulated panels (SIP) for exterior wall construction, daylight control, increased window area, efficient window glass suitable for the local weather, and several combinations of these. Our model determined that energy consumption is reduced by up to 6.1% when multiple energy savings technologies are combined. In addition, pre-construction technologies (structural insulated panels (SIPs), daylight control, and increased window area) provide roughly 4 times the energy savings when compared to post-construction technologies (window blinds and efficient window glass). The model also illuminated the importance variations in local climate and building configuration; highlighting the site-specific nature of this type of energy consumption quantification for policy and building code considerations. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

78 FR 4796 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; South Carolina: New Source Review-Prevention...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-23

... on the basis that they have a negligible contribution to tropospheric formation of ozone.\\17\\ EPA has... changes. \\17\\ Tropospheric ozone, commonly known as smog, occurs when VOC and nitrogen oxide (NO X ) react... for PM 2.5, PM 10 , ozone and lead that are found at Regulation 61.62-5, Standard No. 2. The four SIP...

DOE ZERH Case Study: High Performance Homes, Chamberlain Court #75, Gettysburg, PA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

none,

2015-09-01

Case study of a DOE 2015 Housing Innovation Award winning production home in the cold climate that got a HERS 37 without PV, or HERS 23 with PV, with R-24 SIP walls, Basement with R-10 under slab, and R-15 unfaced batt on walls, sealed attic with R-49 ocsf under roof deck; ground source heat pump COP 4.4.

"How Would You Feel? What Would You Do?" Development and Underpinnings of Preschoolers' Social Information Processing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Denham, Susanne A.; Bassett, Hideko Hamada; Way, Erin; Kalb, Sara; Warren-Khot, Heather; Zinsser, Katherine

2014-01-01

Young children's social information processing (SIP) encompasses a series of steps by which they make sense of encounters with other persons; cognitive and emotional aspects of SIP often predict adjustment in school settings. More attention is needed, however, to the development of preschoolers' SIP and its potential foundations. To this end, a…

40 CFR 57.205 - Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation. 57.205 Section 57.205 Protection of Environment... Application and the NSO Process § 57.205 Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP...

Examining Factors Associated with (In)Stability in Social Information Processing among Urban School Children: A Latent Transition Analytic Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldweber, Asha; Bradshaw, Catherine P.; Goodman, Kimberly; Monahan, Kathryn; Cooley-Strickland, Michele

2011-01-01

There is compelling evidence for the role of social information processing (SIP) in aggressive behavior. However, less is known about factors that influence stability versus instability in patterns of SIP over time. Latent transition analysis was used to identify SIP patterns over one year and examine how community violence exposure, aggressive…

Fact Sheet on Revisions to the Clean Air Act Section 110 Submission Requirements for State Implementation Plans and Notice of Availability of an Option for Electronic Reporting

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

On February 3, 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notified state, local and tribal air agencies that they have the option to submit state implementation plans (SIPs) using the EPA’s new electronic web-based SIP (eSIP) submission system.

SIP Shear Walls: Cyclic Performance of High-Aspect-Ratio Segments and Perforated Walls

Treesearch

Vladimir Kochkin; Douglas R. Rammer; Kevin Kauffman; Thomas Wiliamson; Robert J. Ross

2015-01-01

Increasing stringency of energy codes and the growing market demand for more energy efficient buildings gives structural insulated panel (SIP) construction an opportunity to increase its use in commercial and residential buildings. However, shear wall aspect ratio limitations and lack of knowledge on how to design SIPs with window and door openings are barriers to the...

microRNA-145 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting SIP1 in human cervical cancer cells.

PubMed

Sathyanarayanan, Anusha; Chandrasekaran, Karthik Subramanian; Karunagaran, Devarajan

2017-04-01

Previously, it has been reported that microRNA-145 (miR-145) is lowly expressed in human cervical cancers and that its putative tumour suppressive role may be attributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation. Here, we aimed to assess whether miR-145 may affect EMT-associated markers/genes and suppress cervical cancer growth and motility, and to provide a mechanistic basis for these phenomena. The identification of the SMAD-interacting protein 1 (SIP1) mRNA as putative miR-145 target was investigated using a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) luciferase assay and Western blotting, respectively. The functional effects of exogenous miR-145 expression, miR-145 suppression or siRNA-mediated SIP1 expression down-regulation in cervical cancer-derived C33A and SiHa cells were analysed using Western blotting, BrdU incorporation (proliferation), transwell migration and invasion assays. In addition, the expression levels of miR-145 and SIP1 were determined in primary human cervical cancer and non-cancer tissue samples using qRT-PCR. We found that miR-145 binds to the wild-type 3'UTR of SIP1, but not to its mutant counterpart, and that, through this binding, miR-145 can effectively down-regulate SIP1 expression. In addition, we found that exogenous miR-145 expression or siRNA-mediated down-regulation of SIP1 expression attenuates the proliferation, migration and invasion of C33A and SiHa cells and alters the expression of the EMT-associated markers CDH1, VIM and SNAI1, whereas inhibition of endogenous miR-145 expression elicited the opposite effects. The expression of miR-145 in cervical cancer tissue samples was found to be low, while that of SIP1 was found to be high compared to non-cancerous cervical tissues. An inverse expression correlation between the two was substantiated through the anlaysis of data deposited in the TCGA database. Our data indicate that low miR-145 expression levels in conjunction with elevated SIP1 expression levels may contribute to cervical cancer development. MiR-145-mediated regulation of SIP1 provides a novel mechanistic basis for its tumour suppressive mode of action in human cervical cancer cells.

Regulatory ozone modeling: status, directions, and research needs.

PubMed Central

Georgopoulos, P G

1995-01-01

The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 have established selected comprehensive, three-dimensional, Photochemical Air Quality Simulation Models (PAQSMs) as the required regulatory tools for analyzing the urban and regional problem of high ambient ozone levels across the United States. These models are currently applied to study and establish strategies for meeting the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone in nonattainment areas; State Implementation Plans (SIPs) resulting from these efforts must be submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in November 1994. The following presentation provides an overview and discussion of the regulatory ozone modeling process and its implications. First, the PAQSM-based ozone attainment demonstration process is summarized in the framework of the 1994 SIPs. Then, following a brief overview of the representation of physical and chemical processes in PAQSMs, the essential attributes of standard modeling systems currently in regulatory use are presented in a nonmathematical, self-contained format, intended to provide a basic understanding of both model capabilities and limitations. The types of air quality, emission, and meteorological data needed for applying and evaluating PAQSMs are discussed, as well as the sources, availability, and limitations of existing databases. The issue of evaluating a model's performance in order to accept it as a tool for policy making is discussed, and various methodologies for implementing this objective are summarized. Selected interim results from diagnostic analyses, which are performed as a component of the regulatory ozone modeling process for the Philadelphia-New Jersey region, are also presented to provide some specific examples related to the general issues discussed in this work. Finally, research needs related to a) the evaluation and refinement of regulatory ozone modeling, b) the characterization of uncertainty in photochemical modeling, and c) the improvement of the model-based ozone-attainment demonstration process are presented to identify future directions in this area. Images Figure 7. Figure 7. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. PMID:7614934

Interventional effects of squid ink polysaccharides on cyclophosphamide-associated testicular damage in mice.

PubMed

Le, X Y; Luo, P; Gu, Y P; Tao, Y X; Liu, H Z

2015-01-01

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly used antitumour and immunosuppressive drug, but it is inevitable that the chemotherapeutic agent may cause long-term or permanent reproductive damage on young male patients through inducing oxidative stress in the testes. Squid ink polysaccharides (SIP), a newly found marine glycosaminoglycon have been proved to have antioxidant capabilities and chemotherapy-protective activities on model animals in our recent investigations. This study was conducted to assess whether or not SIP could protect male mice against gonadotoxicity during CP exposure. Sexually mature male Kunming mice were allocated to one of four groups. CP was abdominally administered at dose of 15 mg/kg body weight to two groups of mice for ten weeks, once a week, one group of mice received SIP at dose of 80 mg/kg body weight by gavage for ten weeks, once a day. The other two groups comprised a vehicle treated group and an SIP treated group. Toxicity of CP and protective activity of SIP on the testes were assessed by: sperm parameters, organ index, testicular antioxidant ability, activities of marker enzymes, sex hormone content, and histopathological features. Data showed CP-induced, serious negative changes on murine sperm parameters, organ index, testicular antioxidant ability, activities of marker enzymes, sexual hormone contents, and histopathological features which were all significantly impaired by SIP. This study found that SIP were demonstrated to offer protective effects against CP-induced toxicity on testes in mice (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 29).

Effectiveness of urban shelter-in-place—II: Residential districts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chan, Wanyu R.; Nazaroff, William W.; Price, Phillip N.; Gadgil, Ashok J.

In the event of a short-term, large-scale toxic chemical release to the atmosphere, shelter-in-place (SIP) may be used as an emergency response to protect public health. We modeled hypothetical releases using realistic, empirical parameters to explore how key factors influence SIP effectiveness for single-family dwellings in a residential district. Four classes of factors were evaluated in this case study: (a) time scales associated with release duration, SIP implementation delay, and SIP termination; (b) building air-exchange rates, including air infiltration and ventilation; (c) the degree of sorption of toxic chemicals to indoor surfaces; and (d) the shape of the dose-response relationship for acute adverse health effects. Houses with lower air leakage are more effective shelters, and thus variability in the air leakage of dwellings is associated with varying degrees of SIP protection in a community. Sorption on indoor surfaces improves SIP effectiveness by lowering the peak indoor concentrations and reducing the amount of contamination in the indoor air. Nonlinear dose-response relationships imply substantial reduction in adverse health effects from lowering the peak exposure concentration. However, if the scenario is unfavorable for indefinite sheltering (e.g. sheltering in leaky houses for protection against a nonsorbing chemical with a linear dose-response), the community must implement SIP without delay and exit from shelter when it first becomes safe to do so. Otherwise, the community can be subjected to even greater risk than if they did not take shelter indoors.

Psychometric properties of a Spanish-language version of the Short Inventory of Problems

PubMed Central

Kiluk, Brian D.; Dreifuss, Jessica A.; Weiss, Roger D.; Horigian, Viviana E.; Carroll, Kathleen M.

2013-01-01

Hispanic Americans are substantially under-represented in clinical and research samples for substance use treatment, with language cited as one of the major barriers to their participation, indicating a need for more validated assessments in Spanish. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Short Inventory of Problems (SIP), used in a multisite, randomized trial conducted for Spanish-speaking substance users. The sample included 405 Spanish-speaking treatment seekers, mostly male (88%) and legally mandated to treatment (71%). The Spanish version of the revised SIP (SIP-RS), as well as other commonly-used assessment measures translated into Spanish, were administered at baseline and at the end of treatment. Internal consistency was excellent (α = .96), and construct validity was supported through correlations with composite scores from the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) (e.g., r = .57, p<.01 for ASI drug composite), and through differential SIP-RS scores according to diagnostic criteria. The SIP-RS also demonstrated an association with substance use and treatment retention, with higher baseline scores associated with significantly less abstinence during treatment (β = −.22, p<.01) and fewer days retained in treatment (β = −.14, p<.05). However, the latter association was moderated by participants’ legal status. Nevertheless, this Spanish-translated version of the SIP (SIP-RS) appears to be a reliable and valid assessment of adverse consequences associated with alcohol and drug use, with psychometric properties comparable to the English version. PMID:23772760

New developments in developmental research on social information processing and antisocial behavior.

PubMed

Fontaine, Reid Griffith

2010-07-01

The Special Section on developmental research on social information processing (SIP) and antisocial behavior is here introduced. Following a brief history of SIP theory, comments on several themes-measurement and assessment, attributional and interpretational style, response evaluation and decision, and the relation between emotion and SIP-that tie together four new empirical investigations are provided. Notable contributions of these studies are highlighted.

77 FR 3611 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina: Approval of Section 110(a)(1...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-25

... 27.73 4.94 35.88 56.14 Guilford 1.06 2.01 42.78 11.83 57.68 115.36 Total 6.07 3.83 90.62 21.11 121.63... of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS through the year 2018 in the Triad Area. EPA is approving these SIP... 2018 for this attainment area. The May 18, 2011, supplemental information contained Appendix C SESARM...

Spacecraft dielectric material properties and spacecraft charging

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frederickson, A. R.; Wall, J. A.; Cotts, D. B.; Bouquet, F. L.

1986-01-01

The physics of spacecraft charging is reviewed, and criteria for selecting and testing semiinsulating polymers (SIPs) to avoid charging are discussed and illustrated. Chapters are devoted to the required properties of dielectric materials, the charging process, discharge-pulse phenomena, design for minimum pulse size, design to prevent pulses, conduction in polymers, evaluation of SIPs that might prevent spacecraft charging, and the general response of dielectrics to space radiation. SIPs characterized include polyimides, fluorocarbons, thermoplastic polyesters, poly(alkanes), vinyl polymers and acrylates, polymers containing phthalocyanine, polyacene quinones, coordination polymers containing metal ions, conjugated-backbone polymers, and 'metallic' conducting polymers. Tables summarizing the results of SIP radiation tests (such as those performed for the NASA Galileo Project) are included.

78 FR 11122 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Pennsylvania; Motor Vehicle...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-15

... of the most recent version of the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator model (MOVES). Those counties are... Area's ability to continue to attain the 1997 PM 2.5 NAAQS. This action is being taken under section... version of the MOVES model. On January 29, 2013, Pennsylvania DEP submitted its formal, final SIP revision...

40 CFR 93.165 - Early emission reduction credit programs at Federal facilities and installation subject to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Early emission reduction credit... Federal Actions to State or Federal Implementation Plans § 93.165 Early emission reduction credit programs... the SIP or TIP in that area, create an early emissions reductions credit program. The Federal agency...

40 CFR 93.165 - Early emission reduction credit programs at Federal facilities and installation subject to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Early emission reduction credit... Federal Actions to State or Federal Implementation Plans § 93.165 Early emission reduction credit programs... the SIP or TIP in that area, create an early emissions reductions credit program. The Federal agency...

78 FR 9044 - Adequacy Status of the Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets for Metropolitan Washington DC Area (DC-MD...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-07

... and NO X is effective February 22, 2013. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Martin Kotsch, U.S...: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/currsips.htm . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The word ``budgets'' refers to the motor vehicle emission budgets for VOCs and NO X . The word ``SIP'' in this...

78 FR 5303 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Missouri; Control of Sulfur Emissions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-25

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Missouri; Control of Sulfur Emissions From Stationary Boilers.... Louis nonattainment area by limiting sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions (a precursor pollutant to PM 2.5... stringency of the SIP. Missouri's revision adds 10 CSR 10- 5.570 Control of Sulfur Emissions from Stationary...

Intellectual Disabilities and Neglectful Parenting: Preliminary Findings on the Role of Cognition in Parenting Risk

PubMed Central

Azar, Sandra T.; Stevenson, Michael T.; Johnson, David R.

2014-01-01

Parents with intellectual disabilities (PID) are over-represented in the child protective services (CPS) system. This study examined a more nuanced view of the role of cognition in parenting risk. Its goal was to validate a social information processing (SIP) model of child neglect that draws on social cognition research and advances in neuroscience. Mothers who had CPS child neglect cases were compared with mothers with no CPS involvement on a set of SIP factors. Mothers with low IQs were oversampled. As predicted, the Neglect group had significantly greater SIP problems than the Comparison mothers. SIP problems were associated with direct measures of neglect (e.g., cognitive stimulation provided children, home hygiene, belief regarding causes of child injuries). Further, for the direct measures that were most closely linked to CPS Neglect Status, IQ did not add significant predictive capacity beyond SIP factors in preliminary model testing. Implications for intervention with PID discussed. PMID:25506405

A Salmonella nanoparticle mimic overcomes multidrug resistance in tumours.

PubMed

Mercado-Lubo, Regino; Zhang, Yuanwei; Zhao, Liang; Rossi, Kyle; Wu, Xiang; Zou, Yekui; Castillo, Antonio; Leonard, Jack; Bortell, Rita; Greiner, Dale L; Shultz, Leonard D; Han, Gang; McCormick, Beth A

2016-07-25

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen that also selectively grows in tumours and functionally decreases P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance transporter. Here we report that the Salmonella type III secretion effector, SipA, is responsible for P-gp modulation through a pathway involving caspase-3. Mimicking the ability of Salmonella to reverse multidrug resistance, we constructed a gold nanoparticle system packaged with a SipA corona, and found this bacterial mimic not only accumulates in tumours but also reduces P-gp at a SipA dose significantly lower than free SipA. Moreover, the Salmonella nanoparticle mimic suppresses tumour growth with a concomitant reduction in P-gp when used with an existing chemotherapeutic drug (that is, doxorubicin). On the basis of our finding that the SipA Salmonella effector is fundamental for functionally decreasing P-gp, we engineered a nanoparticle mimic that both overcomes multidrug resistance in cancer cells and increases tumour sensitivity to conventional chemotherapeutics.

Solitary intracranial plasmacytoma located in the spheno-clival region mimicking chordoma: a case report.

PubMed

Liu, Z Y; Qi, X Q; Wu, X J; Luo, C; Lu, Y C

2010-01-01

Solitary intracranial plasmacytoma (SIP) is very rare. This case report presents serial findings of SIP located in the spheno-clival region in a 54-year old female who presented with an inferior hemianopia in the right eye and an enlarged physiological blind spot in both eyes. Based on the initial diagnosis of a spheno-clival region chordoma, the tumour was partially resected by the nasal-sphenoidal sinus approach. Subsequently, the correct diagnosis of SIP was made based on the pathology and immunohistochemical staining of the tumour. The patient was treated using a whole skull-base radiation therapy protocol with 45 Gy and she was in good physical condition during the subsequent 22 months. The findings of a series of similar case reports documenting SIP in 20 cases published from 1976 to 2008 are also reviewed. Based on these case reports, the key features of SIP, including their clinical manifestations, clinical imaging characteristics, treatment and prognosis, are described.

Development of a monoclonal-based enzyme-linked immunoassay for saxitoxin-induced protein.

PubMed

Smith, D S; Kitts, D D

1994-03-01

A monoclonal antibody was generated against saxitoxin-induced protein (SIP) from the small shore crab Hemigrapsus oregenesis. SIP was induced by saxitoxin injection and could be detected in the crude crab extracts with both polyclonal and monoclonal antibody preparations. On Western blots, the polyclonal serum reacted against several bands which were induced by saxitoxin in the crude extracts. These bands represented proteins related to SIP. The monoclonal (4G5), however, was specific for the 79,000 mol. wt subunit of SIP. A triple antibody sandwich ELISA was developed in which polyclonal anti-SIP IgG was used as a trapping layer and monoclonal 4G5 was used as the detection layer. This assay was shown to be more specific and more accurate than a direct bind assay which employed the polyclonal antiserum alone. Although the polyclonal serum was more sensitive than the monoclonal on Western blots, the triple antibody sandwich and direct bind ELISAs were of comparable sensitivity.

77 FR 65119 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Revisions to the New Source Review (NSR...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-25

...) and 51.166(w)(14)(i)(e); and 30 TAC 116.186(b)(4)(C)(v). Response. EPA confirms that the requirements... NSR SIP. EPA is approving these provisions under section 110 and parts C and D of the Act. DATES: This... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT paragraph below or Mr. Bill Deese at (214) 665-7253 to make an appointment. If...

Impact of 50% Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP) on Middle Distillate Fuel Filtration and Coalescence

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-30

Paraffins DEFINITIONS Coalescence - the ability to shed water Conventional Material Source - crude oil, natural gas liquid condensates...heavy oil, shale oil, and oil sands Effluent - stream leaving a system Influent - stream entering a system Turnover - time required to flow the...separators are used onboard naval vessels (required onboard gas turbine ships and some diesel engine ships) and at shore stations to reduce solid and free

Consolidated Navy-Marines Environmental Law Deskbook. Revised

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-05-01

106 ????? 1505 (1992)) FGD Flue Gas Desulfurization FGS Final Governing Standards FICUN Federal Interagency Committee on Urban Noise FIFRA Federal...SIPs. A. SIP management. Each SIP must be approved by EPA and must contain a mix of controls and strategies sufficient to achieve and maintain the...and contain release. Identify the parties carrying out response. If none, state why. EXAMPLE: Gas barriers used to control and contain vapor emissions

Solving groundwater flow problems by conjugate-gradient methods and the strongly implicit procedure

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hill, Mary C.

1990-01-01

The performance of the preconditioned conjugate-gradient method with three preconditioners is compared with the strongly implicit procedure (SIP) using a scalar computer. The preconditioners considered are the incomplete Cholesky (ICCG) and the modified incomplete Cholesky (MICCG), which require the same computer storage as SIP as programmed for a problem with a symmetric matrix, and a polynomial preconditioner (POLCG), which requires less computer storage than SIP. Although POLCG is usually used on vector computers, it is included here because of its small storage requirements. In this paper, published comparisons of the solvers are evaluated, all four solvers are compared for the first time, and new test cases are presented to provide a more complete basis by which the solvers can be judged for typical groundwater flow problems. Based on nine test cases, the following conclusions are reached: (1) SIP is actually as efficient as ICCG for some of the published, linear, two-dimensional test cases that were reportedly solved much more efficiently by ICCG; (2) SIP is more efficient than other published comparisons would indicate when common convergence criteria are used; and (3) for problems that are three-dimensional, nonlinear, or both, and for which common convergence criteria are used, SIP is often more efficient than ICCG, and is sometimes more efficient than MICCG.

Induced Polarization Signature of Biofilms in Porous Media: From Laboratory Experiments to Theoretical Developments and Validation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Atekwana, Estella; Patrauchan, Marianna; Revil, Andre

2016-10-04

Bioremediation strategies for mitigating the transport of heavy metals and radionuclides in subsurface sediments have largely targeted the use of dissimilatory metal and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Growth and metabolic activities from these organisms can significantly influence biogeochemical processes, including mineral dissolution/precipitation, fluctuating pH and redox potential (Eh) values, development of biofilms, and decreasing hydraulic conductivity. The Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) technique has emerged as the technique most sensitive to the presence of microbial cells and biofilms in porous media; yet it is often difficult to unambiguously distinguish the impact of multiple and often competing processes that occur during in-situ biostimulation activitiesmore » on the SIP signatures. The main goal of our project is to quantitatively characterize major components within bacterial biofilms (cells, DNA, metals, metabolites etc.) contributing to detectable SIP signatures. We specifically: (i) evaluated the contribution of biofilm components to SIP signatures, (ii) determined the contribution of biogenic minerals commonly found in biofilms to SIP signatures, (iii) determined if the SIP signatures can be used to quantify the rates of biofilm formation, (iv) developed models and a fundamental understanding of potential underlying polarization mechanisms at low frequencies (<40 kHz) resulting from the presence of microbial cells and biofilms« less

The shoulder pain and disability index: the construct validity and responsiveness of a region-specific disability measure.

PubMed

Heald, S L; Riddle, D L; Lamb, R L

1997-10-01

The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the construct validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and (2) to determine whether the SPADI is more responsive than the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), a generic health status measure. The sample consisted of 94 patients who were diagnosed with a shoulder problem and referred to six outpatient physical therapy clinics. Clinically meaningful change was determined by use of an ordinal rating scale designed to determine whether the patient's shoulder function was improved, the same, or worse following treatment. Spearman rho correlations were calculated for the initial visit SPADI and SIP scores. The standardized response mean (SRM) was used to measure responsiveness for the patients who were judged to be improved. One-tailed paired t tests (alpha = .01) were used to determine whether differences existed among SRM values. Correlations between the SPADI and SIP scores ranged from r = .01 to r = .57. The SRM value was higher for the SPADI total score (SRM = 1.38) than for the SIP total score (SRM = 0.79). Most correlations between SPADI and SIP scores provided support for the construct validity of the SPADI. The SPADI does not appear to strongly reflect occupational and recreational disability and is more responsive than the SIP.

Surface modification of silicon wafer by grafting zwitterionic polymers to improve its antifouling property

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Yunlong; Chen, Changlin; Xu, Heng; Lei, Kun; Xu, Guanzhe; Zhao, Li; Lang, Meidong

2017-10-01

Silicon (111) wafer was modified by triethoxyvinylsilane containing double bond as an intermedium, and then P4VP (polymer 4-vinyl pyridine) brush was "grafted" onto the surface of silicon wafer containing reactive double bonds by adopting the "grafting from" way and Si-P4VP substrate (silicon wafer grafted by P4VP) was obtained. Finally, P4VP brush of Si-P4VP substrate was modified by 1,3-propanesulfonate fully to obtain P4VP-psl brush (zwitterionic polypyridinium salt) and the functional Si-P4VP-psl substrate (silicon wafer grafted by zwitterionic polypyridinium salt based on polymer 4-vinyl pyridine) was obtained successfully. The antifouling property of the silicon wafer, the Si-P4VP substrate and the Si-P4VP-psl substrate was investigated by using bovine serum albumin, mononuclear macrophages (RAW 264.7) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATTC25922 as model bacterium. The results showed that compared with the blank sample-silicon wafer, the Si-P4VP-psl substrate had excellent anti-adhesion ability against bovine serum albumin, cells and bacterium, due to zwitterionic P4VP-psl brush (polymer 4-vinyl pyridine salt) having special functionality like antifouling ability on biomaterial field.

78 FR 59841 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; West Virginia's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

...EPA is approving a redesignation request and State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the State of West Virginia. The West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) requested that the West Virginia portion of the Wheeling, WV-OH fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment area (``Wheeling Area'' or ``Area'') be redesignated as attainment for the 1997 annual PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). In this rulemaking action, EPA is approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 redesignation request for the West Virginia portion of the Area. EPA is also approving the maintenance plan SIP revision that the State submitted in conjunction with its redesignation request. The maintenance plan provides for continued attainment of the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS for 10 years after redesignation of the West Virginia portion of the Area. The maintenance plan includes a comprehensive emissions inventory that EPA is approving in this rulemaking. The maintenance plan also includes an insignificance determination for the onroad motor vehicle contribution of PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOX), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for the West Virginia portion of the Area for purposes of transportation conformity. EPA is also approving West Virginia's insignificance determination for transportation conformity. In addition, EPA is also finding that the Area continues to attain the standard. This rulemaking action approving the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS redesignation request, maintenance plan, comprehensive emissions inventory, and insignificance determination for transportation conformity for the West Virginia portion of the Area is based on EPA's determination that the Area has met the criteria for redesignation to attainment specified in the Clean Air Act (CAA).

Computational methods using weighed-extreme learning machine to predict protein self-interactions with protein evolutionary information.

PubMed

An, Ji-Yong; Zhang, Lei; Zhou, Yong; Zhao, Yu-Jun; Wang, Da-Fu

2017-08-18

Self-interactions Proteins (SIPs) is important for their biological activity owing to the inherent interaction amongst their secondary structures or domains. However, due to the limitations of experimental Self-interactions detection, one major challenge in the study of prediction SIPs is how to exploit computational approaches for SIPs detection based on evolutionary information contained protein sequence. In the work, we presented a novel computational approach named WELM-LAG, which combined the Weighed-Extreme Learning Machine (WELM) classifier with Local Average Group (LAG) to predict SIPs based on protein sequence. The major improvement of our method lies in presenting an effective feature extraction method used to represent candidate Self-interactions proteins by exploring the evolutionary information embedded in PSI-BLAST-constructed position specific scoring matrix (PSSM); and then employing a reliable and robust WELM classifier to carry out classification. In addition, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach is used to reduce the impact of noise. The WELM-LAG method gave very high average accuracies of 92.94 and 96.74% on yeast and human datasets, respectively. Meanwhile, we compared it with the state-of-the-art support vector machine (SVM) classifier and other existing methods on human and yeast datasets, respectively. Comparative results indicated that our approach is very promising and may provide a cost-effective alternative for predicting SIPs. In addition, we developed a freely available web server called WELM-LAG-SIPs to predict SIPs. The web server is available at http://219.219.62.123:8888/WELMLAG/ .

Squid ink polysaccharide prevents autophagy and oxidative stress affected by cyclophosphamide in Leydig cells of mice: a pilot study

PubMed Central

Gu, Yi-Peng; Yang, Xiao-Mei; Duan, Zhen-Hua; Shang, Jiang-Hua; Luo, Ping; Xiao, Wei; Zhang, Da-Yan; Liu, Hua-Zhong

2017-01-01

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Squid ink polysaccharide (SIP) on prevention of autophagy and oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in Leydig cells of mice. Materials and Methods: Examination of reproductive organ exponents, abnormal sperm rate, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), and histological structure were performed to detect the optimal dose of SIP against oxidative stress damage in vivo, and autophagy-associated protein LC3 and Beclin-1 were examined by immunofluorescence, and their expression was detected by Western blot analysis. Leydig cells ultrastructural changes were observed by transmission fluorescent microscope. Results: SIP significantly inhibited sperm aberration, histological structure and injury of seminiferous tubules caused by CP, as well as the antioxidant activity of SOD and CAT were increased; contents of MDA were decreased. The optimal dose of SIP for prevention of oxidative stress injury by CP was 80 mg/kg. In addition, LC3 and Beclin-1 fluorescent granules were much less in the Leydig cell layer after treatment via SIP compared with the CP-treated group, and the expression levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 were also decreased. Furthermore, characteristics of cell autophagy such as mitochondrial swelling, autophagic vacuoles, and chromatin pyknosis were observed in CP-treated Leydig cells, but SIP could effectively weaken injury of Leydig cell ultrastructure by CP. Conclusion: SIP, as an antioxidant, prevents the cytoskeleton damage through up-regulation antioxidant capacity and inhibition autophagy caused by CP. PMID:29299195

Four Amino Acids within a Tandem QxVx Repeat in a Predicted Extended α-Helix of the Smad-Binding Domain of Sip1 Are Necessary for Binding to Activated Smad Proteins

PubMed Central

Conidi, Andrea; van den Berghe, Veronique; Leslie, Kris; Stryjewska, Agata; Xue, Hua; Chen, Ye-Guang; Seuntjens, Eve; Huylebroeck, Danny

2013-01-01

The zinc finger transcription factor Smad-interacting protein-1 (Sip1; Zeb2, Zfhx1b) plays an important role during vertebrate embryogenesis in various tissues and differentiating cell types, and during tumorigenesis. Previous biochemical analysis suggests that interactions with several partner proteins, including TGFβ family receptor-activated Smads, regulate the activities of Sip1 in the nucleus both as a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor and activator. Using a peptide aptamer approach we mapped in Sip1 its Smad-binding domain (SBD), initially defined as a segment of 51 amino acids, to a shorter stretch of 14 amino acids within this SBD. Modelling suggests that this short SBD stretch is part of an extended α-helix that may fit the binding to a hydrophobic corridor within the MH2 domain of activated Smads. Four amino acids (two polar Q residues and two non-polar V residues) that form the tandem repeat (QxVx)2 in this 14-residue stretch were found to be crucial for binding to both TGFβ/Nodal/Activin-Smads and BMP-Smads. A full-length Sip1 with collective mutation of these Q and V residues (to A) no longer binds to Smads, while it retains its binding activity to its cognate bipartite target DNA sequence. This missense mutant Sip1(AxAx)2 provides a new molecular tool to identify SBD (in)dependent target genes in Sip1-controlled TGFβ and/or BMP (de)regulated cellular, developmental and pathological processes. PMID:24146916

Schedule-induced polydipsia is associated with increased spine density in dorsolateral striatum neurons.

PubMed

Íbias, J; Soria-Molinillo, E; Kastanauskaite, A; Orgaz, C; DeFelipe, J; Pellón, R; Miguéns, M

2015-08-06

Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) is an adjunctive behavior in which rats exhibit excessive drinking as a consequence of intermittent feeding, and it has been proposed as a candidate model to study the development of compulsive and repetitive behavior. Although several brain structures are involved in compulsive behavior, it has been suggested that alterations in fronto-striatal circuits may underlie compulsive spectrum disorders. In the present work, we examined whether SIP would induce modifications in dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) neurons. Specifically, the effects of 20 sessions of SIP were determined in the dendrites of DLS medium spiny neurons and in the basal dendritic arbors of layer V pyramidal cells in the aPFC. The structure, size and branching complexity in aPFC neurons were also studied. Results showed that SIP resulted in an increase in dendritic spine density in DLS neurons. Moreover, dendritic spine density was highly correlated with the level of drinking in animals subjected to SIP. By contrast, we observed no differences either in dendritic spine density or in the morphological structure of the dendrites of the aPFC in SIP rats compared to their control counterparts. We hypothesize that SIP-induced structural plasticity in DLS neurons could be related to inflexible response in compulsive behavior. The findings of this study could provide new insights into the involvement of particular cell populations of the dorsolateral striatum and anterior prefrontal cortex regions in compulsive spectrum disorders. Copyright © 2015 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Domain Specificity in Relationship History, Social-Information Processing, and Violent Behavior in Early Adulthood

PubMed Central

Pettit, Gregory S.; Lansford, Jennifer E.; Malone, Patrick S.; Dodge, Kenneth A.; Bates, John E.

2013-01-01

Using prospective longitudinal data, we tested 5 hypotheses: (a) that the relation between earlier developmental experiences (peer social rejection and victimization in a romantic relationship) and adult violent behavior toward peers and romantic partners is specific to relationship domain; (b) that the relation between social-information processing (SIP) biases and subsequent violence is also specific to relational domain (romantic partner vs. peer); (c) that the relation between developmental experiences and SIP biases is domain specific; (d) that domain-specific SIP mediates the impact of earlier developmental experiences on later violent behavior; and (e) that harsh parenting early in life is a domain-general predictor of SIP and later violent behavior. Harsh parenting was assessed through interviews with parents when their children were age 5 years. Classroom sociometric assessments indexing peer rejection were completed in elementary school, and self-report of victimization by romantic partners was provided at age 18 years. SIP was assessed via interview at age 22 years, and violent behavior was measured via self-and partner report at ages 23 years and 24 years. Structural equation analyses revealed specificity in the relation between developmental experiences and violence and in the prediction to and from SIP in the peer domain, but not in the romantic-relationship domain. The impact of early harsh treatment on violence toward peers was mediated by SIP biases in the peer domain. These findings provide support for domain specificity in the peer domain but for cross-domain generality in the romantic relationship domain in the development of violent behavior in early adulthood. PMID:20085394

Ventilatory muscle endurance training in quadriplegia: effects on breathing pattern.

PubMed

Loveridge, B; Badour, M; Dubo, H

1989-10-01

We examined the effects of ventilatory muscle endurance training on resting breathing pattern in 12 C6-C7 traumatic quadriplegics at least 1 year post-injury. All subjects had complete motor loss below the lesion level. Subjects were randomly assigned to a training (N = 6), or a control group (N = 6). Baseline tests included measurement of resting ventilation and breathing pattern using mercury in rubber strain gauges for 20 minutes in a seated position; maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP) at FRC, and sustainable inspiratory mouth pressure for 10 minutes (SIP); lung volumes, and arterial blood gases (ABG's). The training protocol consisted of breathing through an inspiratory resistor equivalent to 85% SIP for 15 minutes twice daily, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Both trainers and controls attended the lab every 2 weeks for reassessment of MIP and SIP and the inspiratory resistance was increased in the training group as SIP increased. At the end of 8 weeks, baseline tests were repeated. All subjects had normal ABG's. There was a significant increase in mean MIP and SIP in both the control group (30% +/- 19% and 31% +/- 18% respectively), and in the training group (42% +/- 24% and 78% +/- 49% respectively). Although the absolute values for both MIP and SIP were greater in the training group than in the control group, the differences were not significant. The alterations in resting breathing pattern were also the same in both groups. Mean frequency decreased significantly in the control group (20.2/minute to 16.9/minute) and, while insignificant, the change in frequency in the training group was the same, 19.4/minute to 16.4/minute. Mean tidal volume (Vt) increased 18.2% of baseline Vt in the control group and 17.0% baseline in the trainers, resulting in no change in minute ventilation. As MIP and SIP increased similarly in both groups, the data from the control and trainers was pooled and timing changes re-evaluated pre- and post-study. A significant decrease in mean Ti/Ttot was observed, while no change in Vt/Ti was found. We concluded that the testing procedure itself provided the stimulus resulting in a significant increase in MIP and SIP. The addition of training did not increase MIP and SIP further. The increased MIP and SIP resulted in a slower and deeper breathing pattern and a significantly shorter Ti/Ttot in both trainers and control subjects.

A Secured Authentication Protocol for SIP Using Elliptic Curves Cryptography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Tien-Ho; Yeh, Hsiu-Lien; Liu, Pin-Chuan; Hsiang, Han-Chen; Shih, Wei-Kuan

Session initiation protocol (SIP) is a technology regularly performed in Internet Telephony, and Hyper Text Transport Protocol (HTTP) as digest authentication is one of the major methods for SIP authentication mechanism. In 2005, Yang et al. pointed out that HTTP could not resist server spoofing attack and off-line guessing attack and proposed a secret authentication with Diffie-Hellman concept. In 2009, Tsai proposed a nonce based authentication protocol for SIP. In this paper, we demonstrate that their protocol could not resist the password guessing attack and insider attack. Furthermore, we propose an ECC-based authentication mechanism to solve their issues and present security analysis of our protocol to show that ours is suitable for applications with higher security requirement.

Monitoring microbial growth and activity using spectral induced polarization and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Chi; Keating, Kristina; Revil, Andre

2015-04-01

Microbes and microbial activities in the Earth's subsurface play a significant role in shaping subsurface environments and are involved in environmental applications such as remediation of contaminants in groundwater and oil fields biodegradation. Stimulated microbial growth in such applications could cause wide variety of changes of physical/chemical properties in the subsurface. It is critical to monitor and determine the fate and transportation of microorganisms in the subsurface during such applications. Recent geophysical studies demonstrate the potential of two innovative techniques, spectral induced polarization (SIP) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), for monitoring microbial growth and activities in porous media. The SIP measures complex dielectric properties of porous media at low frequencies of exciting electric field, and NMR studies the porous structure of geologic media and characterizes fluids subsurface. In this laboratory study, we examined both SIP and NMR responses from bacterial growth suspension as well as suspension mixed with silica sands. We focus on the direct contribution of microbes to the SIP and NMR signals in the absence of biofilm formation or biomineralization. We used Zymomonas mobilis and Shewanella oneidensis (MR-1) for SIP and NMR measurements, respectively. The SIP measurements were collected over the frequency range of 0.1 - 1 kHz on Z. mobilis growth suspension and suspension saturated sands at different cell densities. SIP data show two distinct peaks in imaginary conductivity spectra, and both imaginary and real conductivities increased as microbial density increased. NMR data were collected using both CPMG pulse sequence and D-T2 mapping to determine the T2-distribution and diffusion properties on S. oneidensis suspension, pellets (live and dead), and suspension mixed with silica sands. NMR data show a decrease in the T2-distribution in S. oneidensis suspension saturated sands as microbial density increase. A clear distinction in the T2-distribution and D-T2 plots between live and dead cell pellets was also observed. These results will provide a basis for understanding the effect of microbes within geologic media on SIP and low-field NMR measurements. This research suggests that both SIP and NMR have the potential to monitor microbial growth and activities in the subsurface and could provide spatiotemporal variations in bacterial abundance in porous media.

Application of Short Screening Tools for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Korean Elderly Population

PubMed Central

Jang, Yu Jin; Chung, Hae Gyung; Choi, Jin Hee; Kim, Tae Yong; So, Hyung Seok

2016-01-01

Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often missed or incorrectly diagnosed in primary care settings. Although brief screening instruments may be useful in detecting PTSD, an adequate validation study has not been conducted with older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the primary care PTSD screen (PC-PTSD) and single-item PTSD screener (SIPS) in elderly veterans. Methods The PC-PTSD and SIPS assessments were translated into Korean, with a back-translation to the original language to verify accuracy. Vietnamese war veterans [separated into a PTSD group (n=41) and a non-PTSD group (n=99)] participated in several psychometric assessments, including the Korean versions of the PC-PTSD (PC-PTSD-K), SIPS (SIPS-K), a structured clinical interview from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV(SCID), and PTSD checklist(PCL). Results The PC-PTSD-K showed high internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.76), and the test-retest reliability of the PC-PTSD-K and SIPS-K were also high (r=0.97 and r=0.91, respectively). A total score of 3 from the PC-PTSD-K yielded the highest diagnostic efficiency, with sensitivity and specificity values of 0.90 and 0.86, respectively. The 'bothered a lot' response level from the SIPS-K showed the highest diagnostic efficiency, with sensitivity and specificity values of 0.85 and 0.89, respectively. Conclusion Our findings suggest that both PC-PTSD-K and SIPS-K have good psychometric properties with high validity and reliability for detecting PTSD symptoms in elderly Korean veterans. However, further research will be necessary to increase our understanding of PTSD characteristics in diverse groups with different types of trauma. PMID:27482241

High-level expression of nattokinase in Bacillus licheniformis by manipulating signal peptide and signal peptidase.

PubMed

Cai, D; Wei, X; Qiu, Y; Chen, Y; Chen, J; Wen, Z; Chen, S

2016-09-01

Nattokinase is an enzyme produced by Bacillus licheniformis and has potential to be used as a drug for treating cardiovascular disease due to its beneficial effects of preventing fibrin clots etc. However, the low activity and titre of this protein produced by B. licheniformis often hinders its application of commercial production. The aim of this work is to improve the nattokinase production by manipulating signal peptides and signal peptidases in B. licheniformis. The P43 promoter, amyL terminator and AprN target gene were used to form the nattokinase expression vector, pHY-SP-NK, which was transformed into B. licheniformis and nattokinase was expressed successfully. A library containing 81 predicted signal peptides was constructed for nattokinase expression in B. licheniformis, with the maximum activity being obtained under the signal peptide of AprE. Among four type I signal peptidases genes (sipS, sipT, sipV, sipW) in B. licheniformis, the deletion of sipV resulted in a highest decrease in nattokinase activity. Overexpression of sipV in B. licheniformis led to a nattokinase activity of 35·60 FU ml(-1) , a 4·68-fold improvement over activity produced by the initial strain. This work demonstrates the potential of B. licheniformis for industrial production of nattokinase through manipulation of signal peptides and signal peptidases expression. This study has screened the signal peptides of extracellular proteins of B. licheniformis for nattokinase production. Four kinds of Type I signal peptidases genes have been detected respectively in B. licheniformis to identify which one played the vital role for nattokinase production. This study provided a promising strain for industry production of nattokinase. © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Indicator Expansion with Analysis Pipeline

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-13

INTERNAL FILTER trackInfectedHosts FILTER badTraffic SIP infectedHosts 1 DAY END INTERNAL FILTER 11 Step 3 watch where infected hosts go FILTER...nonWhiteListPostInfected SIP IN LIST infectedHosts DIP NOT IN LIST safePopularIPs.set END FILTER 12 Step 4 & 5: Count Hosts Per IP and Alert EVALUATION...CHECK THRESHOLD DISTINCT SIP > 50 TIME WINDOW 36 HOURS END CHECK END EVALUATION 13 Step 6: Report Expanded Indicators LIST CONFIGURATION secondLevelIPs

[Formula: see text]Executive functions and social information processing in adolescents with severe behavior problems.

PubMed

Van Nieuwenhuijzen, M; Van Rest, M M; Embregts, P J C M; Vriens, A; Oostermeijer, S; Van Bokhoven, I; Matthys, W

2017-02-01

One tradition in research for explaining aggression and antisocial behavior has focused on social information processing (SIP). Aggression and antisocial behavior have also been studied from the perspective of executive functions (EFs), the higher-order cognitive abilities that affect other cognitive processes, such as social cognitive processes. The main goal of the present study is to provide insight into the relation between EFs and SIP in adolescents with severe behavior problems. Because of the hierarchical relation between EFs and SIP, we examined EFs as predictors of SIP. We hypothesized that, first, focused attention predicts encoding and interpretation, second, inhibition predicts interpretation, response generation, evaluation, and selection, and third, working memory predicts response generation and selection. The participants consisted of 94 respondents living in residential facilities aged 12-20 years, all showing behavior problems in the clinical range according to care staff. EFs were assessed using subtests from the Amsterdam Neuropsychological Test battery. Focused attention was measured by the Flanker task, inhibition by the GoNoGo task, and working memory by the Visual Spatial Sequencing task. SIP was measured by video vignettes and a structured interview. The results indicate that positive evaluation of aggressive responses is predicted by impaired inhibition and selection of aggressive responses by a combination of impaired focused attention and inhibition. It is concluded that different components of EFs as higher-order cognitive abilities affect SIP.

Characterization of the Interaction between the Salmonella Type III Secretion System Tip Protein SipD and the Needle Protein PrgI by Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement*

PubMed Central

Rathinavelan, Thenmalarchelvi; Tang, Chun; De Guzman, Roberto N.

2011-01-01

Many Gram-negative bacteria that cause major diseases and mortality worldwide require the type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence proteins into their hosts and cause infections. A structural component of the T3SS is the needle apparatus, which consists of a base, an external needle, and a tip complex. In Salmonella typhimurium, the external needle is assembled by the polymerization of the needle protein PrgI. On top of this needle sits a tip complex, which is partly formed by the tip protein SipD. How SipD interacts with PrgI during the assembly of the T3SS needle apparatus remains unknown. The central region of PrgI forms an α-helical hairpin, whereas SipD has a long central coiled-coil, which is a defining structural feature of other T3SS tip proteins as well. Using NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, we have identified a specific region on the SipD coiled-coil that interacts directly with PrgI. We present a model of how SipD might dock at the tip of the needle based on our paramagnetic relaxation enhancement results, thus offering new insight about the mechanism of assembly of the T3SS needle apparatus. PMID:21138848

Identification of Group B Streptococcal Sip Protein, Which Elicits Cross-Protective Immunity

PubMed Central

Brodeur, Bernard R.; Boyer, Martine; Charlebois, Isabelle; Hamel, Josée; Couture, France; Rioux, Clément R.; Martin, Denis

2000-01-01

A protein of group B streptococci (GBS), named Sip for surface immunogenic protein, which is distinct from previously described surface proteins, was identified after immunological screening of a genomic library. Immunoblots using a Sip-specific monoclonal antibody indicated that a protein band with an approximate molecular mass of 53 kDa which did not vary in size was present in every GBS strain tested. Representatives of all nine GBS serotypes were included in the panel of strains. Cloning and sequencing of the sip gene revealed an open reading frame of 1,305 nucleotides coding for a polypeptide of 434 amino acid residues, with a calculated pI of 6.84 and molecular mass of 45.5 kDa. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences from six different strains confirmed with 98% identity that the sip gene is highly conserved among GBS isolates. N-terminal amino acid sequencing also indicated the presence of a 25-amino-acid signal peptide which is cleaved in the mature protein. More importantly, immunization with the recombinant Sip protein efficiently protected CD-1 mice against deadly challenges with six GBS strains of serotypes Ia/c, Ib, II/R, III, V, and VI. The data presented in this study suggest that this highly conserved protein induces cross-protective immunity against GBS infections and emphasize its potential as a universal vaccine candidate. PMID:10992461

A single sip of a strong alcoholic beverage causes exposure to carcinogenic concentrations of acetaldehyde in the oral cavity.

PubMed

Linderborg, Klas; Salaspuro, Mikko; Väkeväinen, Satu

2011-09-01

The aim of this study was to explore oral exposure to carcinogenic (group 1) acetaldehyde after single sips of strong alcoholic beverages containing no or high concentrations of acetaldehyde. Eight volunteers tasted 5 ml of ethanol diluted to 40 vol.% with no acetaldehyde and 40 vol.% calvados containing 2400 μM acetaldehyde. Salivary acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations were measured by gas chromatography. The protocol was repeated after ingestion of ethanol (0.5 g/kg body weight). Salivary acetaldehyde concentration was significantly higher after sipping calvados than after sipping ethanol at 30s both with (215 vs. 128 μmol/l, p<0.05) and without (258 vs. 89 μmol/l, p<0.05) alcohol ingestion. From 2 min onwards there were no significant differences in the decreasing salivary acetaldehyde concentration, which remained above the level of carcinogenicity still at 10 min. The systemic alcohol distribution from blood to saliva had no additional effect on salivary acetaldehyde after sipping of the alcoholic beverages. Carcinogenic concentrations of acetaldehyde are produced from ethanol in the oral cavity instantly after a small sip of strong alcoholic beverage, and the exposure continues for at least 10 min. Acetaldehyde present in the beverage has a short-term effect on total acetaldehyde exposure. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Development and implementation of the Caribbean Laboratory Quality Management Systems Stepwise Improvement Process (LQMS-SIP) Towards Accreditation.

PubMed

Alemnji, George; Edghill, Lisa; Guevara, Giselle; Wallace-Sankarsingh, Sacha; Albalak, Rachel; Cognat, Sebastien; Nkengasong, John; Gabastou, Jean-Marc

2017-01-01

Implementing quality management systems and accrediting laboratories in the Caribbean has been a challenge. We report the development of a stepwise process for quality systems improvement in the Caribbean Region. The Caribbean Laboratory Stakeholders met under a joint Pan American Health Organization/US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiative and developed a user-friendly framework called 'Laboratory Quality Management System - Stepwise Improvement Process (LQMS-SIP) Towards Accreditation' to support countries in strengthening laboratory services through a stepwise approach toward fulfilling the ISO 15189: 2012 requirements. This approach consists of a three-tiered framework. Tier 1 represents the minimum requirements corresponding to the mandatory criteria for obtaining a licence from the Ministry of Health of the participating country. The next two tiers are quality improvement milestones that are achieved through the implementation of specific quality management system requirements. Laboratories that meet the requirements of the three tiers will be encouraged to apply for accreditation. The Caribbean Regional Organisation for Standards and Quality hosts the LQMS-SIP Secretariat and will work with countries, including the Ministry of Health and stakeholders, including laboratory staff, to coordinate and implement LQMS-SIP activities. The Caribbean Public Health Agency will coordinate and advocate for the LQMS-SIP implementation. This article presents the Caribbean LQMS-SIP framework and describes how it will be implemented among various countries in the region to achieve quality improvement.

78 FR 7672 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Texas; Beaumont/Port Arthur Ozone Maintenance...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-04

.... SUMMARY: EPA is approving a revision to the Beaumont/Port Arthur (BPA) 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air... emissions model. The BPA 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance area consists of Hardin, Jefferson, and Orange... proposed to approve a revision to the BPA 1997 8-hour ozone maintenance air quality SIP by replacing the...

76 FR 56975 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; West Virginia; Revised Motor...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-15

... Wheeling 8-hour ozone maintenance areas. This revision amends the maintenance plans' 2009 and 2018 motor... Revision and EPA's Review III. Final Action IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. Background On July... Review On March 14, 2011, the State of West Virginia submitted to EPA a formal revision to its SIP. The...

77 FR 24793 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; State of New York; Regional Haze...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-25

..., and remedy any existing, man-made impairment of visibility in mandatory Class I areas caused by....regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your identity or...: Table of Contents I. What action is EPA proposing? A. Proposed Actions B. SIP and FIP Background C...

40 CFR 52.1880 - Control strategy: Particulate matter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... requirements in the federally approved SIP remain in effect. See § 52.1870(c)(27). (j) Approval—EPA is...) for the Huntington-Ashland area. (3) Ohio's 2005 NOX, primary PM2.5, and SO2 and 2007/2008 ammonia and... Clean Air Act for Washington County. (4) Ohio's 2005 NOX, primary PM2.5, and SO2 and 2007/2008 ammonia...

75 FR 72954 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Ohio; Ohio Portion of the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-29

... maintenance plan revision on July 6, 2010. The submittal contained revisions to 2015 and 2020 NO X point... (SIP), the States' plans for maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2020 in the area. The Ohio and Indiana plans demonstrated maintenance of the 8-hour ozone standard through 2020 by showing that current...

Environmental Law

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-09-01

the Interior’s Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Flue - Gas Desulfurization (FGD). Post-combustion sulfur dioxide control technology in which a...8 (3) Special “transitional” classifications will be assigned to eligible areas participating in regional emission control strategies . b) Ozone...42 U.S.C. § 7411(f). C. States develop control strategies in their SIPs to achieve compliance with the NAAQS, but the federal government promulgates

Early alcohol use with parental permission: Psychosocial characteristics and drinking in late adolescence.

PubMed

Colder, Craig R; Shyhalla, Kathleen; Frndak, Seth E

2018-01-01

The earliest experiences with alcohol for many children occur in the family context with parental supervision. The current study examined individual and sociocultural characteristics associated with early (prior to age 13years) sipping and tasting alcohol with parental permission in two longitudinal community samples. Early sipping/tasting was also tested as a predictor of frequency and quantity of alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems seven years later in late adolescence. Early sipping/tasting with parental permission was associated with a sociocultural context supportive of alcohol use (e.g., parental alcohol use, permissive rules about alcohol use in the home, parental attitudes about underage drinking, perceived peer norms), adolescent sensation seeking and disinhibition (e.g., surgency, externalizing behavior) and appraisals of alcohol (negative outcome expectancies and negative implicit alcohol associations). Early sipping/tasting predicted increased frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption, and increased alcohol-related problems in late adolescence, even after controlling sociocultural and individual difference variables. Findings suggest that early sipping/tasting with parental permission is not benign and is a viable target for preventive interventions. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sip1 mediates an E-cadherin-to-N-cadherin switch during cranial neural crest EMT

PubMed Central

Rogers, Crystal D.; Saxena, Ankur

2013-01-01

The neural crest, an embryonic stem cell population, initially resides within the dorsal neural tube but subsequently undergoes an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to commence migration. Although neural crest and cancer EMTs are morphologically similar, little is known regarding conservation of their underlying molecular mechanisms. We report that Sip1, which is involved in cancer EMT, plays a critical role in promoting the neural crest cell transition to a mesenchymal state. Sip1 transcripts are expressed in premigratory/migrating crest cells. After Sip1 loss, the neural crest specifier gene FoxD3 was abnormally retained in the dorsal neuroepithelium, whereas Sox10, which is normally required for emigration, was diminished. Subsequently, clumps of adherent neural crest cells remained adjacent to the neural tube and aberrantly expressed E-cadherin while lacking N-cadherin. These findings demonstrate two distinct phases of neural crest EMT, detachment and mesenchymalization, with the latter involving a novel requirement for Sip1 in regulation of cadherin expression during completion of neural crest EMT. PMID:24297751

The Spectral Image Processing System (SIPS) - Interactive visualization and analysis of imaging spectrometer data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kruse, F. A.; Lefkoff, A. B.; Boardman, J. W.; Heidebrecht, K. B.; Shapiro, A. T.; Barloon, P. J.; Goetz, A. F. H.

1993-01-01

The Center for the Study of Earth from Space (CSES) at the University of Colorado, Boulder, has developed a prototype interactive software system called the Spectral Image Processing System (SIPS) using IDL (the Interactive Data Language) on UNIX-based workstations. SIPS is designed to take advantage of the combination of high spectral resolution and spatial data presentation unique to imaging spectrometers. It streamlines analysis of these data by allowing scientists to rapidly interact with entire datasets. SIPS provides visualization tools for rapid exploratory analysis and numerical tools for quantitative modeling. The user interface is X-Windows-based, user friendly, and provides 'point and click' operation. SIPS is being used for multidisciplinary research concentrating on use of physically based analysis methods to enhance scientific results from imaging spectrometer data. The objective of this continuing effort is to develop operational techniques for quantitative analysis of imaging spectrometer data and to make them available to the scientific community prior to the launch of imaging spectrometer satellite systems such as the Earth Observing System (EOS) High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (HIRIS).

High-Bandwidth Tactical-Network Data Analysis in a High-Performance-Computing (HPC) Environment: Voice Call Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

Gateway 2 4. Voice Packet Flow: SIP , Session Description Protocol (SDP), and RTP 3 5. Voice Data Analysis 5 6. Call Analysis 6 7. Call Metrics 6...analysis processing is designed for a general VoIP system architecture based on Session Initiation Protocol ( SIP ) for negotiating call sessions and...employs Skinny Client Control Protocol for network communication between the phone and the local CallManager (e.g., for each dialed digit), SIP

Sipping at the Straw: Planning for Sustainable Water Supplies for U.S. Army Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-01

Thermoelectric power • Geothermal • Biofuels • Solar-hot water • Hydropower • Carbon Capture • “ Fracking ” Regional Water Balance?  Supply  Rivers...Sipping at the Straw: Planning for Sustainable Water Supplies for U.S. Army Installations Marc Kodack Senior Fellow, Army Environmental Policy...00-00-2011 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Sipping at the Straw: Planning for Sustainable Water Supplies for U.S. Army Installations 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b

Targeting Unknowns Just Underfoot: Microbial Ecology and Community Genomics of C Cycling in Soil Informed and Enabled with DNA-SIP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pepe-Ranney, C. P.; Campbell, A.; Buckley, D. H.

2015-12-01

Microorganisms drive biogeochemical cycles and because soil is a large global carbon (C) reservoir (soil contains more C than plants and the atmosphere combined), soil microorganisms are important players in the global C-cycle. Frustratingly, however, many soil microorganisms resist cultivation and soil communities are astoundingly complex. This makes soil microbiology difficult to study and without a solid understanding of soil microbial ecology, models of soil C feedbacks to climate change are under-informed. Stable isotope probing (SIP) is a useful approach for establishing identity-function connections in microbial communities but has been challenging to employ in soil due to the inadequate resolution of microbial community fingerprinting techniques. High throughput DNA sequencing improves SIP resolving power transforming it into a powerful tool for studying the soil C cycle. We conducted a DNA-SIP experiment to track flow of xylose-C, a labile component of plant biomass, and cellulose-C, the most abundant global biopolymer, through a soil microbial community. We could track 13C into microbial DNA even when added 13C amounted to less than 5% of native C and found Spartobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes taxa were among those that assimilated 13C cellulose. These lineages are cosmopolitan in soil but little is known of their ecophysiology. By profiling SSU rRNA genes across entire DNA-SIP density gradients, we assessed relative DNA atom % 13C per taxon in 13C treatments and found cellulose degraders exhibited signal consistent with a specialist lifestyle with respect to C preference. Further, DNA-SIP enriches DNA of targeted microorganisms (Verrucomicrobia cellulose degraders were enriched by nearly two orders of magnitude) and this enriched DNA can serve as template for community genomics. We produced draft genomes from soil cellulose degraders including microorganisms belonging to Verrucomicrobia, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes from SIP enriched DNA. This study demonstrates how DNA-SIP can be used to study microbial ecology and target guilds of microorganisms for community genomics. Improving our fundamental understanding of ecophysiology relevant to terrestrial C cycling is essential for tuning global C models.

BISIP I: A program for Bayesian inference of spectral induced polarization parameters, and application to mineral exploration at the Canadian Malartic gold deposit, Québec, CA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lafrenière-Bérubé, Charles; Chouteau, Michel; Shamsipour, Pejman; Olivo, Gema R.

2016-04-01

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) parameters can be extracted from field or laboratory complex resistivity measurements, and even airborne or ground frequency domain electromagnetic data. With the growing interest in application of complex resistivity measurements to environmental and mineral exploration problems, there is a need for accurate and easy-to-use inversion tools to estimate SIP parameters. These parameters, which often include chargeability and relaxation time may then be studied and related to other rock attributes such as porosity or metallic grain content, in the case of mineral exploration. We present an open source program, available both as a standalone application or Python module, to estimate SIP parameters using Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. The Python language is a high level, open source language that is now widely used in scientific computing. Our program allows the user to choose between the more common Cole-Cole (Pelton), Dias, or Debye decomposition models. Simple circuits composed of resistances and constant phase elements may also be used to represent SIP data. Initial guesses are required when using more classic inversion techniques such as the least-squares formulation, and wrong estimates are often the cause of bad curve fitting. In stochastic optimization using MCMC, the effect of the starting values disappears as the simulation proceeds. Our program is then optimized to do batch inversion over large data sets with as little user-interaction as possible. Additionally, the Bayesian formulation allows the user to do quality control by fully propagating the measurement errors in the inversion process, providing an estimation of the SIP parameters uncertainty. This information is valuable when trying to relate chargeability or relaxation time to other physical properties. We test the inversion program on complex resistivity measurements of 12 core samples from the world-class gold deposit of Canadian Malartic. Results show that the Cole-Cole and Debye decomposition models converge quickly to a solution and often provide the best fit with experimental data. The Dias model requires the least amount of iterations to fully converge, but we note a small discrepancy between experimental data and mathematical model for most samples. Using petrographic analysis we test possible relationships between porosity, sulfur content and grain size with parameters obtained from the different models, and note that sulfur content influences both the chargeability and frequency dependence of the Cole-Cole model. Finally, we use our program to compare the different definitions of chargeability and relaxation time given by the three models. We note that these parameters tend to be correlated from one model to another. However, they have different electrochemical definitions and a single sample may possess different chargeability or relaxation time values depending on the model used. In the near future, the program will be used on a more extensive collection of samples from the Canadian Malartic gold deposit, the Highland Valley copper deposit, and the Millennium-McArthur uranium deposits. CMIC-NSERC Exploration Footprints Network Contribution 082

EPA Approved Regulations in the California SIP

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA approved California statutes and regulations incorporated by reference in the applicable State Implementation Plan (SIP), as well as approved test procedures, methods and specifications that are cited in certain regulations listed.

Spectral induced polarization as a tool to map subsurface biogeochemical hot spots: a first laboratory evaluation in the Fe-S system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nordsiek, Sven; Gilfedder, Ben; Frei, Sven

2017-04-01

Zones of intense biogeochemical reactivity (hot spots) arise in the saturated subsurface at the interface between regions with oxidizing and reducing conditions. Hot spots are both sinks and sources of different chemical compounds, thus they are of particular importance for element cycling in the subsurface. However, the investigation of hot spot structures is difficult, because they are not directly identifiable from the surface and can only be investigated by invasive methods in the subsurface. Additionally, they often form in sensitive wetland ecosystems where only non-destructive measurements are applicable to avoid significant degradation of these sensitive environments. Under these circumstances, geophysical methods may provide useful tools to identify biogeochemically active regions. One of the most important biogeochemical reactions in wetlands is the reduction of sulphate and formation and accumulation of FexSy minerals (where x and y delineate mineral stoichiometry). These reactions only occur in specific hot spots where specific chemical and microbial conditions are met. Within a research project concerning biogeochemical transformations and turnover in wetlands, we investigate the applicability of the geoelectrical method of spectral induced polarization (SIP) to locate and monitor regions containing polarizing FexSy particles as indicator for biogeochemical hot spots. After developing and testing a sample holder and a set of non-polarizing electrodes for laboratory SIP measurements, we performed experiments on natural soil samples taken from the hyporheic zone of a local river channel. The collected material originates from a location known for biogeochemical activity. The sample contains a high percentage of dark grayish/black sediment interpreted as FexSy, and possibly pyrite (FeS2). The material was homogenized and split into four samples. The FexSy concentration was adjusted to three different levels by oxidation using H2O2. For all samples we recorded the SIP spectra in the frequency range between 0.26 Hz and 25 Hz repeatedly. The sensitivity of SIP measurements to the FexSy content is promising. For a sample of the sediment saturated with its natural fluid (conductivity > 600 μS/cm), we observed phase shifts of more than 7 mrad at frequencies between 1 and 10 Hz. We expect a lower fluid conductivity and thus a larger maximum phase shift for measurements in wetlands. The application of the SIP method in field surveys at places with biogeochemical activity will be the next step in our study.

Conformity Adequacy Review: Region 5

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Resources are for air quality and transportation government and community leaders. Information on the conformity SIP adequacy/inadequacy of state implementation plans (SIPs) in EPA Region 5 (IL, IN, MI, OH, WI) is provided here.

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in SIPs and TIPs

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Tools and guides to encourage state, tribal and local agencies to consider incorporating Energy Efficiency (EE) and Renewable Energy (RE) policies and programs in their State and Tribal Implementation Plans (SIPs/TIPs).

Different relations between schedule-induced polydipsia and impulsive behaviour in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat and in high impulsive Wistar rats: questioning the role of impulsivity in adjunctive behaviour.

PubMed

Ibias, Javier; Pellón, Ricardo

2014-09-01

Rats belonging to three different strains (15 Wistar, 8 Spontaneously Hypertensive - SHR- and 8 Wistar Kyoto - WKY-) were used to evaluate the possible relationship between different levels of impulsivity and development of schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP). We first measured the rats' levels of impulsivity by means of delay-discounting and indifference-point procedures. Secondly, development of SIP was studied under a series of fixed time 15, 30, 60 and 120s food schedules, which were counterbalanced by means of a Latin-square design. Finally, we re-assessed the rats' levels of impulsivity by replicating the delay-discounting test. The findings showed that, starting from equivalent levels of impulsivity, development of SIP differed among the groups of rats. In comparison with the rest of the animals, the SHRs were observed to attain elevated drinking rates under SIP. On the other hand, the Wistar rats which had initial high impulsivity levels similar to those of the SHRs, displayed the lowest rates of induced drinking. Moreover, low levels of impulsivity in Wistar rats prior to SIP acquisition were reflected into high drinking rates. Relation of SIP and impulsivity is questioned by present results, which gives ground to the understanding of the behavioural mechanisms involved in adjunctive behaviour and its usefulness as an animal model of excessive behaviour. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Development and implementation of the Caribbean Laboratory Quality Management Systems Stepwise Improvement Process (LQMS-SIP) Towards Accreditation

PubMed Central

Alemnji, George; Edghill, Lisa; Wallace-Sankarsingh, Sacha; Albalak, Rachel; Cognat, Sebastien; Nkengasong, John; Gabastou, Jean-Marc

2017-01-01

Background Implementing quality management systems and accrediting laboratories in the Caribbean has been a challenge. Objectives We report the development of a stepwise process for quality systems improvement in the Caribbean Region. Methods The Caribbean Laboratory Stakeholders met under a joint Pan American Health Organization/US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiative and developed a user-friendly framework called ‘Laboratory Quality Management System – Stepwise Improvement Process (LQMS-SIP) Towards Accreditation’ to support countries in strengthening laboratory services through a stepwise approach toward fulfilling the ISO 15189: 2012 requirements. Results This approach consists of a three-tiered framework. Tier 1 represents the minimum requirements corresponding to the mandatory criteria for obtaining a licence from the Ministry of Health of the participating country. The next two tiers are quality improvement milestones that are achieved through the implementation of specific quality management system requirements. Laboratories that meet the requirements of the three tiers will be encouraged to apply for accreditation. The Caribbean Regional Organisation for Standards and Quality hosts the LQMS-SIP Secretariat and will work with countries, including the Ministry of Health and stakeholders, including laboratory staff, to coordinate and implement LQMS-SIP activities. The Caribbean Public Health Agency will coordinate and advocate for the LQMS-SIP implementation. Conclusion This article presents the Caribbean LQMS-SIP framework and describes how it will be implemented among various countries in the region to achieve quality improvement. PMID:28879149

ICESat Science Investigator led Processing System (I-SIPS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhardwaj, S.; Bay, J.; Brenner, A.; Dimarzio, J.; Hancock, D.; Sherman, M.

2003-12-01

The ICESat Science Investigator-led Processing System (I-SIPS) generates the GLAS standard data products. It consists of two main parts the Scheduling and Data Management System (SDMS) and the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) Science Algorithm Software. The system has been operational since the successful launch of ICESat. It ingests data from the GLAS instrument, generates GLAS data products, and distributes them to the GLAS Science Computing Facility (SCF), the Instrument Support Facility (ISF) and the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) ECS DAAC. The SDMS is the Planning, Scheduling and Data Management System that runs the GLAS Science Algorithm Software (GSAS). GSAS is based on the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Documents provided by the Science Team and is developed independently of SDMS. The SDMS provides the processing environment to plan jobs based on existing data, control job flow, data distribution, and archiving. The SDMS design is based on a mission-independent architecture that imposes few constraints on the science code thereby facilitating I-SIPS integration. I-SIPS currently works in an autonomous manner to ingest GLAS instrument data, distribute this data to the ISF, run the science processing algorithms to produce the GLAS standard products, reprocess data when new versions of science algorithms are released, and distributes the products to the SCF, ISF, and NSIDC. I-SIPS has a proven performance record, delivering the data to the SCF within hours after the initial instrument activation. The I-SIPS design philosophy gives this system a high potential for reuse in other science missions.

Exergy Analysis and Operational Efficiency of a Horizontal Ground Source Heat Pump System Operated in a Low-Energy Test House under Simulated Occupancy Conditions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ally, Moonis Raza; Baxter, Van D; Munk, Jeffrey D

2012-01-01

This paper presents data, analyses, measures of performance, and conclusions for a ground-source heat pump (GSHP) providing space conditioning to a 345m2 house whose envelope is made of structural insulated panels (SIP). The entire thermal load of this SIP house with RSI-3.7 (RUS-21) walls, triple pane windows with a U-factor of 1.64 W/m2 K (0.29 Btu/h ft2 oF) and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of 0.25, a roof assembly with overall thermal resistance of about RSI-8.8 (RUS-50) and low leakage rates of 0.74 ACH at 50Pa was satisfied with a 2.16-Ton (7.56 kW) GSHP unit consuming negligible (9.83kWh) auxiliary heatmore » during peak winter season. The highest and lowest heating COP achieved was 4.90 (October) and 3.44 (February), respectively. The highest and lowest cooling COP achieved was 6.09 (April) and 3.88 (August). These COPs are calculated on the basis of the total power input (including duct, ground loop, and control power losses ). The second Law (Exergy) analysis provides deep insight into how systemic inefficiencies are distributed among the various GSHP components. Opportunities for design and further performance improvements are identified. Through Exergy analysis we provide a true measure of how closely actual performance approaches the ideal, and it unequivocally identifies, better than energy analysis does, the sources and causes of lost work, the root cause of system inefficiencies.« less

Compact silicon photonics-based multi laser module for sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ayotte, S.; Costin, F.; Babin, A.; Paré-Olivier, G.; Morin, M.; Filion, B.; Bédard, K.; Chrétien, P.; Bilodeau, G.; Girard-Deschênes, E.; Perron, L.-P.; Davidson, C.-A.; D'Amato, D.; Laplante, M.; Blanchet-Létourneau, J.

2018-02-01

A compact three-laser source for optical sensing is presented. It is based on a low-noise implementation of the Pound Drever-Hall method and comprises high-bandwidth optical phase-locked loops. The outputs from three semiconductor distributed feedback lasers, mounted on thermo-electric coolers (TEC), are coupled with micro-lenses into a silicon photonics (SiP) chip that performs beat note detection and several other functions. The chip comprises phase modulators, variable optical attenuators, multi-mode-interference couplers, variable ratio tap couplers, integrated photodiodes and optical fiber butt-couplers. Electrical connections between a metallized ceramic and the TECs, lasers and SiP chip are achieved by wirebonds. All these components stand within a 35 mm by 35 mm package which is interfaced with 90 electrical pins and two fiber pigtails. One pigtail carries the signals from a master and slave lasers, while another carries that from a second slave laser. The pins are soldered to a printed circuit board featuring a micro-processor that controls and monitors the system to ensure stable operation over fluctuating environmental conditions. This highly adaptable multi-laser source can address various sensing applications requiring the tracking of up to three narrow spectral features with a high bandwidth. It is used to sense a fiber-based ring resonator emulating a resonant fiber optics gyroscope. The master laser is locked to the resonator with a loop bandwidth greater than 1 MHz. The slave lasers are offset frequency locked to the master laser with loop bandwidths greater than 100 MHz. This high performance source is compact, automated, robust, and remains locked for days.

Evaluation and Implementation of Media-Independent Handover in Hastily Formed Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

the Media Independent Handover ( MIH ) in HFNs can be an adequate solution for these problems. MIH could be the solution to not only the mobility...and roaming problems but also for other HFN problems due to the intelligent layer-two functions it offers. We tried to combine MIH and Session...showed the limitations of MIH and its open source implementation (ODTONE). We were also able to describe the steps needed for the integration of SIP

77 FR 12527 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, Antelope Valley Air Quality Management...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

...EPA is proposing to approve revisions to the Antelope Valley Air Quality Management District (AVAQMD) and San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District (SJVUAPCD) portions of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions concern negative declarations for volatile organic compound (VOC) and oxides of sulfur source categories. We are proposing to approve these negative declarations under the Clean Air Act as amended in 1990 (CAA or the Act).