Sample records for slash import tariffs

  1. Argentina's chemical makers seek government support

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Salles, F.

    1993-02-10

    Argentina's chemical industry association, Camara de la Industria Quimica y Petroquimica (CIQYP; Buenos Aires), has started negotiations with the government aiming to stem industry-wide losses, which reached $236 million during the past 18 months. CIQYP blames the poor performance on worldwide over-supply and falling prices, which have curbed exports, and low tariffs, which have spurred imports. It is calling for higher import tariffs and export incentives. The talks will also focus on a possible bond issue that would support companies willing to restructure and modernize operations. The main factor hindering competitiveness is what CIQYP president Alejandro Achaval calls Argentinean cost,more » including high energy costs, high provincial and federal taxes, and high financing charges. Since 1988, the industry has cut prices by 30%, formed mergers and joint ventures, closed 11 plants and started five new ones, slashed the workforce by 27%, and engaged in the government's privatization program. Meanwhile, plans to privatize 64% of aromatics producer Petroquimica General Mosconi(PGM) were derailed when potential bidders Diamond Shamrock, Shell, and Perez Companc refused for the second time to make offers on February 2. Jorge Olazabal, planning secretary of the Ministry of Defense, says PGM will be put up for sale again by March.« less

  2. Growth of Douglas-fir seedlings after slash burning.

    Treesearch

    Robert F. Tarrant; Ernest. Wright

    1955-01-01

    An understanding of the ways slash burning may affect seedling growth is important in evaluating present slash-disposal practices. Some observations of early seedling development after slash burning are now available from a recent exploratory study.

  3. Slash disposal in oak-pine stands of southern New Jersey

    Treesearch

    S. Little; H. A. Somes

    1949-01-01

    Slash left from cutting operations in forest stands may have several important economic effects. It may kill established reproduction or provide unfavorable conditions for the establishment of new seedlings, thus preventing the restocking of the area with a desirable crop of timber. Slash may also create a serious fire hazard, providing fuel for intense fires that are...

  4. 75 FR 53271 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2011 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-31

    ... Service Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2011 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY... charged for the 2011 tariff-rate quota (TRQ) year for each license issued to a person or firm by the U.S... tariff-rate quotas set forth in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) of the United States. DATES...

  5. 77 FR 51751 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2013 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... Licenses for the 2013 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY: Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces a fee of $170 to be charged for the 2013 tariff- [[Page 51752... authorizing the importation of certain dairy articles, which are subject to tariff-rate quotas set forth in...

  6. 76 FR 60801 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2012 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-30

    ... Licenses for the 2012 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY: Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces a fee of $170 to be charged for the 2012 tariff-rate quota (TRQ...) authorizing the importation of certain dairy articles, which are subject to tariff-rate quotas set forth in...

  7. 77 FR 65439 - Implementation of United States-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-26

    ... Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: USTR is providing notice that the tariff-rate quotas for sugar... Agreement establishes three tariff-rate quotas for imports of sugar from Panama. USTR is providing notice...

  8. 77 FR 24759 - Implementation of United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-25

    ... Promotion Agreement Tariff-Rate Quota for Imports of Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: USTR is providing notice that the tariff-rate quota for sugar... Agreement establishes a tariff-rate quota for imports of sugar from Colombia. USTR is providing notice that...

  9. Importance of log size on host selection and reproductive success of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in ponderosa pine slash of northern Arizona and western Montana

    Treesearch

    Brytten E. Steed; Michael R. Wagner

    2004-01-01

    Pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), often use thinning slash, and their populations are known to be influenced by the condition of this material. In our study, we evaluated the importance of three log diameters (5, 10, and 20 cm) and three lengths (60, 120, and 240 cm) on various parameters of bark beetle host attack, development, and emergence....

  10. 78 FR 46565 - Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2014 Tariff-Rate Import Quota Year

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-01

    ... Service Assessment of Fees for Dairy Import Licenses for the 2014 Tariff- Rate Import Quota Year AGENCY... charged for the 2014 tariff-rate quota (TRQ) year for each license issued to a person or firm by the... 2014 calendar year. Notice: The total cost to the Department of Agriculture of administering the...

  11. Inter- and Intra-Specific Differences in Foliar N Concentrations of Juvenile Loblolly and Slash Pine in North Florida

    Treesearch

    Yu Xiao; Eric J. Jokela; Tim L. White; Dudley A. Huber

    2002-01-01

    Differences in foliar N concentrations among species, families, and clones may contribute to variation in relative growth performance under varying environmental conditions. Only limited information exists regarding the importance of genetic vs. environmental controls on the nutritional characteristics of loblolly and slash pine. Knowledge of these processes may...

  12. Slash Pine (Pinus Elliottii), Including South Florida Slash Pine: Nomenclature and Description

    Treesearch

    Elbert L. Little; Keith W. Dorman

    1954-01-01

    Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), including its variation South Florida slash pine recently distinguished as a new botanical variety, has been known by several different scientific names. As a result, the common name slash pine is more precise and clearer than scientific names. The slash pine of southern Florida differs from typical slash pine in a few characters...

  13. Slash-and-burn farmers: villains or victims?

    PubMed

    Rambo, T

    1990-01-01

    Slash and burn farmers in southeast Asia are blamed for deforestation and are considered backward or ignorant. Efforts have been made by agricultural development experts to urge farmers to switch to fixed field methods. Slash and burn methods are used in upland areas with steep slopes, low soil fertility, and unpredictable natural hazards in order to allow survival in an environment made difficult for cultivation by other methods. Slash and burn farmers may be stable or migratory and use rotational or pioneering methods. Rotational methods involve clearing and burning a new plot every year, and then allowing regeneration of forest for 10-20 years. When population density is 40/square km, this method does not degrade the environment. Pioneering involves clearance of primary forest, cultivation for several years until soil fertility is destroyed, and then replacement with low productivity "imperata cylindrica grass." Pioneering tends to cause long-term environmental degradation. Humid tropic soils tend toward infertility, and in many areas of southeast Asia the soils are nutrient-poor and acidic. Ash from burning also reduces soil acidity. In northeast Thailand, 454 kg of calcium are released from burning one hectare of mature forest. The advantages are affordable natural fertilization and freedom from technical experts and imported spare parts. Frequent rotation also helps to expand the crops and provide disease protection. Population densities, competition for scarce resources, and social and economic pressures make the slash and burn technique inappropriate. As yet unavailable alternative farming techniques are needed which take advantage of slash and burn benefits. Slash and burn farmers are victims of deforestation even though they may appear to be the villains.

  14. Energy trade-offs between intensive biomass utilization, site productivity loss, and ameliorative treatments in loblolly pine plantations

    Treesearch

    D. Andrew Scott; Thomas J. Dean

    2006-01-01

    Loblolly pine plantations are the most important source of forest products in the US and the slash remaining after conventional harvest represents a significant potential source of bioenergy. However, slash removal in intensive harvests might, under some circumstances, reduce site productivity by reducing soil organic matter and associated nutrients. Two complimentary...

  15. Regenerating mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) from seed in Quintana Roo, Mexico: the effects of sowing method and clearing treatment.

    Treesearch

    Patricia Negreros-Castilloa; Laura K. Snookb; Carl W. Mize

    2003-01-01

    Honduras or bigleaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is the most commercially important timber species in the Neotropics, but it often does not regenerate successfully after harvesting. Effective methods are needed to sustain or increase mahogany yields by increasing regeneration. This study evaluates the effects of three treatments (slash, fell and burn; slash,...

  16. Local and general above-stump biomass functions for loblolly pine and slash pine trees

    Treesearch

    Carlos A. Gonzalez-Beneke; Salvador Gezan; Tmothy J. Albaugh; H. Lee Allen; Harold E. Burkhart; Thomas R. Fox; Eric J. Jokela; Christopher Maier; Timothy A. Martin; Rafael A. Rubilar; Lisa J. Samuelson

    2014-01-01

    There is an increasing interest in estimating biomass for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii), two of the most ecologically and commercially important tree species in North America. The majority of the available individual-tree allometric models are local, relying on stem diameter outside bark at breast height (dbh)...

  17. Is trade liberalisation a vector for the spread of sugar-sweetened beverages? A cross-national longitudinal analysis of 44 low- and middle-income countries.

    PubMed

    Mendez Lopez, Ana; Loopstra, Rachel; McKee, Martin; Stuckler, David

    2017-01-01

    Does trade and investment liberalisation increase the growth in sales of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)? Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we test this hypothesis using a unique data source on SSB-specific trade flows. We test whether lower tariffs effectively increase imports of SSBs, and whether a higher level of imports increase sales of SSBs. Cross-national fixed effects models were used to evaluate the association between SSBs sales and trade liberalisation. SSBs per capita sales data were taken from EuroMonitor, covering 44 low- and middle-income countries from 2001 to 2014, SSBs import data were from TradeMap, Foreign Direct Investment data were from EuroMonitor, and data on applied tariffs on SSB from the World Trade Organisation tariffs database, all 2015 editions. The results show that higher tariffs on SSBs significantly decreased per capita SSB imports. Each one percent increase in tariffs was associated with a 2.9% (95% CI: 0.9%-5%) decrease in imports of SSBs. In turn, increased imports of SSBs were significantly associated with greater sales of SSBs per capita, with each 10 percent increase in imports (in US$) associated with a rise in sales of 0.36 L per person (95% CI: 0.08-0.68). Between 2001 and 2014, this amounted to 9.1 L greater sales per capita, about 40% of the overall rise seen in this period in LMICs. We observed that tariffs were inversely but not significantly associated with sales of SSBs. In conclusion, lower tariffs substantially increased imports of SSBs in LMICs, which translated into greater sales. These findings suggest that trade policies which lower tariff barriers to SSB imports can be expected to lead to increased imports and then increased sales of SSBs in LMICs, with adverse consequences for obesity and the diseases that result from it. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

  18. Fresh and Stored Pollen From Slash and Loblolly Pines Compared For Seed Yields

    Treesearch

    John F. Kraus; Davie L. Hunt

    1970-01-01

    Seed yields showed no consistent differences between fresh and stored pollen from 8 years of controlled pollination on slash pine and 4 years on loblolly pine. Collection of male strobili at the proper stage of pollen maturity was an important factor in obtaining good seed yields from stored pollen. Criteria are described which were useful in determining when to...

  19. Consequences of bioenergy wood extraction for landscape-level availability of habitat for dead wood-dependent organisms.

    PubMed

    Hiron, Matthew; Jonsell, Mats; Kubart, Ariana; Thor, Göran; Schroeder, Martin; Dahlberg, Anders; Johansson, Victor; Ranius, Thomas

    2017-08-01

    Stumps and slash resulting from forest clearcutting is used as a source of low-net-carbon energy, but there are concerns about the consequences of biofuel extraction on biodiversity. Logging residues constitute potentially important habitats, since a large part of forest biodiversity is dependent on dead wood. Here we used snapshot field data from a managed forest landscape (25 000 ha) to predict landscape scale population changes of dead wood dependent organisms after extraction of stumps and slash after clearcutting. We did this by estimating habitat availability for all observed dead wood-dependent beetles, macrofungi, and lichens (380 species) in the whole landscape. We found that 53% of species occurred in slash or stumps. For most species, population declines after moderate extraction (≤30%) were small (<10% decline) because they mainly occur on other dead wood types. However, some species were only recorded in slash and stumps. Red listed species were affected by slash and stump extraction (12 species), but less often than other species. Beetles and fungi were more affected by stump extraction, while lichens were more affected by slash extraction. For beetles and lichens, extraction of a combination of spruce, pine and birch resulted in larger negative effects than if only extracting spruce, while for fungi tree species had little effect. We conclude that extensive extraction decreases the amount of habitat to such extent that it may have negative consequences on species persistence at the landscape level. The negative consequences can be limited by extracting only slash, or only logging residues from spruce stands. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Coating green slash asphalt and wax prevent drying

    Treesearch

    Harry E. Schimke; Ronald H. Dougherty

    1967-01-01

    Dry logging slash has been successfully kept dry for later burning by spraying it with asphalt and wax emulsions. The same treatments were tried on green slash. Tests made by applying SS-1 grade asphalt emulsion and a lumber wax on green slash showed that these protective coatings prevented the slash from drying satisfactorily.

  1. 77 FR 57180 - Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-17

    ... OFFICE OF THE TRADE REPRESENTATIVE Fiscal Year 2013 Tariff-rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar, and sugar... imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar. Pursuant to Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 17 of the HTS...

  2. 76 FR 50285 - Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-12

    ... for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of the... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar and sugar...), the United States maintains tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) for imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar...

  3. The effect of the tariff on the maple industry

    Treesearch

    Paul E. Sendak

    1972-01-01

    The U. S. maple tariff is a tax on maple syrup and sugar imports from Canada into the United States. An analysis of the maple tariff indicates that it was never very effective in protecting the domestic maple industry from foreign competition. The tariff has been especially ineffective since World War II. Its removal will not hurt the U. S. maple syrup industry.

  4. Handbook for predicting slash weight of western conifers

    Treesearch

    James K. Brown; J. A. Kendall Snell; David L. Bunnell

    1977-01-01

    As an aid to managing fuel and wood debris, procedures are provided for predicting weights of slash using tables of either slash weight per tree by d.b.h., or slash weight including crowns (live and dead foliage and branchwood) and unmerchantable bole tips to 3-, 4-, and 6- inch diameter limits. Slash weights can be predicted for material less than and greater than 3...

  5. 22 CFR 91.1 - Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... customs regulations. 91.1 Section 91.1 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.1 Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations. In replying to inquiries received from exporters, travelers, or other interested parties, concerning tariff acts or customs...

  6. 22 CFR 91.1 - Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... customs regulations. 91.1 Section 91.1 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.1 Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations. In replying to inquiries received from exporters, travelers, or other interested parties, concerning tariff acts or customs...

  7. 22 CFR 91.1 - Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... customs regulations. 91.1 Section 91.1 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.1 Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations. In replying to inquiries received from exporters, travelers, or other interested parties, concerning tariff acts or customs...

  8. 22 CFR 91.1 - Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... customs regulations. 91.1 Section 91.1 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.1 Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations. In replying to inquiries received from exporters, travelers, or other interested parties, concerning tariff acts or customs...

  9. 22 CFR 91.1 - Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... customs regulations. 91.1 Section 91.1 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.1 Answering inquiries regarding tariff acts and customs regulations. In replying to inquiries received from exporters, travelers, or other interested parties, concerning tariff acts or customs...

  10. 78 FR 5775 - Notice of Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQ) on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-28

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Notice of Allocation of Tariff Rate... Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice of allocation of 2013 worsted wool fabric tariff rate quota. SUMMARY: The Department of Commerce (Department) has determined the allocation for...

  11. A Classroom Tariff-Setting Game

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Winchester, Niven

    2006-01-01

    The author outlines a classroom tariff-setting game that allows students to explore the consequences of import tariffs imposed by large countries (countries able to influence world prices). Groups of students represent countries, which are organized into trading pairs. Each group's objective is to maximize welfare by choosing an appropriate ad…

  12. 22 CFR 91.3 - Assistance to Customs and Tariff Commission representatives.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Assistance to Customs and Tariff Commission representatives. 91.3 Section 91.3 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE LEGAL AND RELATED SERVICES IMPORT CONTROLS § 91.3 Assistance to Customs and Tariff Commission representatives. Consular officers shall render...

  13. 19 CFR 10.616 - Verification and justification of claim for preferential tariff treatment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... RATE, ETC. Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement Origin Verifications... preferential tariff treatment. 10.616 Section 10.616 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION... verification of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under CAFTA-DR for goods imported into the United...

  14. 7 CFR Appendices 1, 2 and 3 to... - Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 1, 2 and 3 to Subpart Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES... and 3 to Subpart—Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing Articles Subject to: Appendix 1, Historical Licenses; Appendix 2, Nonhistorical Licenses; and Appendix 3, Designated Importer Licenses for Quota Year...

  15. 19 CFR 10.510 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation. 10.510 Section 10.510 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT... RATE, ETC. United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.510 Filing of claim...

  16. 19 CFR 10.510 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation. 10.510 Section 10.510 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT... RATE, ETC. United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.510 Filing of claim...

  17. 19 CFR 10.510 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation. 10.510 Section 10.510 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT... RATE, ETC. United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.510 Filing of claim...

  18. Effect of A-Level Subject Choice and Entry Tariff on Final Degree and Level 1 Performance in Biosciences

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    King, Nicola C.; Aves, Stephen J.

    2012-01-01

    Following the publication of the higher education white paper increasing entry tariff and widening participation have become even more important issues for universities. This report examines the relationship between entry tariff and undergraduate achievement in Biosciences at the University of Exeter. We show that, whilst there is a significant…

  19. Development of sampling methods for the slash pine flower thrips Gnophothrips fuscus (Morgan), (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

    Treesearch

    Carl W. Fatzinger; Wayne N. Dixen

    1991-01-01

    Slash pine flower thrips typically destroy about 24% of the flowers (cones) present in slash pine seed orchards. The seasonal distribution and abundance of slash pine flower thrips are being investigated and methods for sampling field populations of the insect are being evaluated for potential use in integrated pest management strategies. The efficacies of several...

  20. Variation in vegetation following slash fires near Oakridge, Oregon.

    Treesearch

    Harold K. Steen

    1965-01-01

    The following photographic sequences illustrate how vegetation differed following slash fires on two logged areas 9 miles apart. As part of a regional study to determine effects of slash burning, two pairs of plots were established on the Willamette National Forest near Oakridge, Oreg. Both areas were clearcut in 1949, and the slash was burned in October of the same...

  1. The effect of asphalt and wax emulsions on moisture changes in slash.

    Treesearch

    James L. Murphy; Charles W. Philpot; Morris J. Garber

    1969-01-01

    Disposal of logging slash is one of the forest manager's biggest problems. If slash is not disposed of, a serious fire hazard may result, and regeneration may be prevented because of an inadequate seedbed or resistance to planting. Foresters can dispose of slash by burning or by generally more expensive mechanical methods such as chipping. Over much of the West,...

  2. VB merch-slash: A growth-and-yield prediction system with a merchandising optimizer for planted slash pine in the west Gulf region

    Treesearch

    S.J. Chang; Rodney L. Busby; P.R. Pasala; Jeffrey C. Goelz

    2005-01-01

    A Visual Basic computer model that can be used to estimate the harvestvalue of slash pine plantations in the west gulf region is presented. Themodel uses a dynamic programming algorithm to convert stand tablespredicted by COMPUTE_P-SLASH into a listing of seven products thatmaximizes the harvested value of the stand.

  3. Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling early growth in a (longleaf pine × slash pine) × slash pine BC1 family

    Treesearch

    C. Weng; Thomas L. Kubisiak; C. Dana Nelson; M. Stine

    2002-01-01

    Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were employed to map the genome and quantitative trait loci controlling the early growth of a pine hybrid F1 tree (Pinus palustris Mill. × P. elliottii Engl.) and a recurrent slash pine tree (P. ellottii Engl.) in a (longleaf pine × slash pine...

  4. Effect of slash on forwarder soil compaction

    Treesearch

    Timothy P. McDonald; Fernando Seixas

    1997-01-01

    A study of the effect of slash on forwarder soil compaction was carried out. The level of soil compaction at two soil moisture contents, three slash densities (0, 10, and 20 kg/m2), and two levels of traffic (one and five passes) were measured. Results indicated that, on dry, loamy sand soils, the presence of slash did not decrease soil compaction after one forwarder...

  5. 7 CFR 6.20 - Introduction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Introduction. 6.20 Section 6.20 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing § 6.20 Introduction. (a) Presidential Proclamation 6763 of December 23, 1994, modified the Harmonized Tariff Schedule...

  6. 75 FR 22095 - USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2010 Raw Sugar Tariff...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-27

    ... USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2010 Raw Sugar Tariff-Rate... announced a reassignment of surplus sugar under domestic cane sugar allotments of 200,000 short tons raw value (STRV) to imports, and increased the fiscal year (FY) 2010 raw sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) by...

  7. 75 FR 38764 - USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2010 Raw Sugar Tariff...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-06

    ... USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2010 Raw Sugar Tariff-Rate... announced a reassignment of surplus sugar under domestic cane sugar allotments of 300,000 short tons raw value (STRV) to imports, and increased the fiscal year (FY) 2010 raw sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) by...

  8. 76 FR 20305 - USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2011 Raw Sugar Tariff...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-12

    ... USDA Reassigns Domestic Cane Sugar Allotments and Increases the Fiscal Year 2011 Raw Sugar Tariff-Rate... announced a reassignment of surplus sugar under domestic cane sugar allotments of 325,000 short tons raw value (STRV) to imports, and increased the fiscal year (FY) 2011 raw sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) by...

  9. Site quality changes in response to slash retention and prescribed fire in thinned ponderosa pine forests

    Treesearch

    Matt Busse

    2010-01-01

    The ecological effects of post-thinning slash retention on vegetation, wildlife browse, and soil were evaluated in sixty-year-old stands of second-growth pine in central Oregon. Three slash-retention treatments were compared: whole-tree removal, bole-only removal, and thin no removal (boles and slash scattered on site). The study intent was to create a wide gradient of...

  10. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-01-05

    States was the largest market for Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports...in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to

  11. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-12-04

    market for Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300...dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004

  12. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-06-21

    before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product...In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further

  13. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-04-02

    1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In...January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified

  14. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-06-02

    States was the largest market for Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in...1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163

  15. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-01-23

    Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened...imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S

  16. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-06-04

    revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003...the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow

  17. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-09-11

    tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted... pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, CRS-40 64 “Iran Says Halliburton Won Drilling Contract.” Washington Times

  18. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-11-01

    anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on...roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow Americans to

  19. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-05-15

    dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted... pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow Americans to freely engage

  20. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-07-31

    Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of...that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions

  1. 77 FR 19211 - Circular Welded Carbon-Quality Steel Pipe From the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Preliminary...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-30

    ..., and it did not export any subject merchandise to the United States through a trading company... on Import and Export Tax, goods imported from foreign countries into non-tariff zones for use only in non-tariff zones are not liable for import duties. In accordance with Decree 29/2008/ND-CP issuing...

  2. Multiobjective Model of Time-of-Use and Stepwise Power Tariff for Residential Consumers in Regulated Power Markets

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhou, Bin; Yang, Rui; Li, Canbing

    Here, time-of-use (TOU) rates and stepwise power tariff (SPT) are important economic levers to motivate residents to shift their electricity usage in response to electricity price. In this paper, a new multiobjective optimal tariff-making model of time-of-use and stepwise power tariff (TOUSPT) is proposed, which combines the complementary characteristics of two power tariffs, for residential energy conservation and peak load shaving. In the proposed approach, the residential demand response with price elasticity in regulated power market is considered to determine the optimum peak-valley TOU tariffs for each stepwise electricity partition. Furthermore, a practical case study is implemented to test themore » effectiveness of the proposed TOUSPT, and the results demonstrate that TOUSPT can achieve efficient end-use energy saving and also shift load from peak to off-peak periods.« less

  3. Multiobjective Model of Time-of-Use and Stepwise Power Tariff for Residential Consumers in Regulated Power Markets

    DOE PAGES

    Zhou, Bin; Yang, Rui; Li, Canbing; ...

    2017-07-04

    Here, time-of-use (TOU) rates and stepwise power tariff (SPT) are important economic levers to motivate residents to shift their electricity usage in response to electricity price. In this paper, a new multiobjective optimal tariff-making model of time-of-use and stepwise power tariff (TOUSPT) is proposed, which combines the complementary characteristics of two power tariffs, for residential energy conservation and peak load shaving. In the proposed approach, the residential demand response with price elasticity in regulated power market is considered to determine the optimum peak-valley TOU tariffs for each stepwise electricity partition. Furthermore, a practical case study is implemented to test themore » effectiveness of the proposed TOUSPT, and the results demonstrate that TOUSPT can achieve efficient end-use energy saving and also shift load from peak to off-peak periods.« less

  4. 76 FR 61472 - Revised Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Refined Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-04

    ... Allocations for Refined Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice... (TRQ) for imported refined sugar for entry through November 30, 2011. DATES: Effective Date: October 4... States maintains a tariff-rate quota for imports of refined sugar. Section 404(d)(3) of the Uruguay Round...

  5. Do petroleum-based protective coatings add fuel value to slash

    Treesearch

    James L. Murphy; Charles W. Philpot

    1965-01-01

    Asphalts and wax emulsions have been recommended as protective coatings to help obtain clean, safe burns in slash disposal work. Fuel value determinations in the laboratory indicate that such coatings add little to the fuel value of slash.

  6. X-Ray Fluorescence to Estimate the Maximum Temperature Reached at Soil Surface during Experimental Slash-and-Burn Fires.

    PubMed

    Melquiades, Fábio L; Thomaz, Edivaldo L

    2016-05-01

    An important aspect for the evaluation of fire effects in slash-and-burn agricultural system, as well as in wildfire, is the soil burn severity. The objective of this study is to estimate the maximum temperature reached in real soil burn events using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) as an analytical tool, combined with partial least square (PLS) regression. Muffle-heated soil samples were used for PLS regression model calibration and two real slash-and-burn soils were tested as external samples in the model. It was possible to associate EDXRF spectra alterations to the maximum temperature reached in the heat affected soils with about 17% relative standard deviation. The results are promising since the analysis is fast, nondestructive, and conducted after the burn event, although local calibration for each type of burned soil is necessary. Copyright © by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

  7. Disposal of logging slash, thinnings, and brush by burying

    Treesearch

    Harry E Schimke; Ronald H. Dougherty

    1966-01-01

    A feasibility study was conducted on the Stanislaus National Forest to find out if logging slash, thinnings, and brush could be disposed of by burying. This method of slash disposal shows promise and has some distinct advantages over disposal by chipping and burning.

  8. 75 FR 39612 - Allocation of Second Additional Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-09

    ...) 2010 In-Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative... the tariff-rate quota (TRQ) for imported raw cane sugar. DATES: Effective Date: July 9, 2010... Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw...

  9. Germination temperatures for container culture of southern pines

    Treesearch

    James P. Barnett

    1979-01-01

    Peak germination of unstratified longleaf, shortleaf, loblolly, and slash pine seeds occurred at 75° F. Longleaf seeds germinated better at lower temperatures and less successfully at higher temperatures than those of slash, loblolly, and shortleaf pine. Stratification broadened the range at which slash, loblolly, and shortleaf germinated satisfactorily. Improvement...

  10. Chipping of thinning slash on fuel-breaks

    Treesearch

    Harry E. Schimke

    1965-01-01

    A heavy stand of conifer saplings and poles on the Stanislaus National Forest was thinned, piled, and chipped. The study sought to determine the amount of material removed and the cost of chipping. Slash disposal costs were $9.66 per ton for dry material, and $11.81 per ton for green slash.

  11. Short-term consequences of slash-and-burn practices on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of a tropical dry forest.

    PubMed

    Aguilar-Fernández, Mónica; Jaramillo, Víctor J; Varela-Fregoso, Lucía; Gavito, Mayra E

    2009-03-01

    Rates of land conversion from forest to cultivated land by slash-and-burn practices are higher in tropical dry forest (TDF) than any other Neotropical forest type. This study examined the short-term consequences of the slash-and-burn process on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We expected that slash-and-burn would reduce mycorrhizal colonization and propagules and change species richness and composition. Soil and root samples were taken from TDF control and pasture plots originated after slash-and-burn at four dates during the year of conversion to examine species composition, spore abundance, and infective propagules. Additionally, spore abundance and viability and viable intraradical colonization were measured twice during the second year after conversion. Forest and pasture plots maintained similar species richness and an overall 84% similarity during the first year after conversion. Infective propagules were reduced in pasture plots during the first year after slash-and-burn, whereas spore abundance and intraradical colonization remained similar in TDF and pasture plots both years of the study. Our results suggest, contrary to the expected, that forest conversion by means of slash-and-burn followed by cultivation resulted in few immediate changes in the AMF communities, likely because of the low heat conductivity of the soil and rapid combustion of plant residues.

  12. 78 FR 57445 - Fiscal Year 2014 WTO Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-18

    ... Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar, and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of..., 2013, through Sept. 30, 2014) in-quota quantity of the tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) for imported raw cane...), the United States maintains TRQs for imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar (syrups and molasses...

  13. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-09-05

    caviar, pistachio nuts, carpets, medicines, artwork). Imports from U.S. — $85 million (food, medicines, tobacco products). CRS-8 4 Wright, Robin...carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that...product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were

  14. 19 CFR 10.762 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... subsoil and their natural resources; (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  15. 19 CFR 10.762 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... subsoil and their natural resources; (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  16. 19 CFR 10.762 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... subsoil and their natural resources; (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  17. 19 CFR 10.762 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... subsoil and their natural resources; (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  18. 19 CFR 10.762 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... subsoil and their natural resources; (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  19. Soil response to skidder trafficking and slash application

    Treesearch

    Brian M. Parkhurst; W. Michael Aust; M. Chad Bolding; Scott M. Barrett; Emily A. Carter

    2018-01-01

    Ground-based timber harvesting systems are common in the United States. Harvesting machinery can negatively influence soils by increasing erosion and decreasing site productivity. Skid trails can become compacted and erosive. Slash applications to skid trails are effective for erosion control, yet few investigations have examined effects of slash on soil physical...

  20. Broken promise? Taxes and tariffs on insecticide treated mosquito nets.

    PubMed

    Alilio, Martin; Mwenesi, Halima; Barat, Lawrence M; Payes, Roshelle M; Prysor-Jones, Suzanne; Diara, Malick; McGuire, David; Shaw, Willard

    2007-12-01

    Seven years ago, the removal of taxes and tariffs on insecticide treated nets (ITNs) was considered one of the easiest resolutions for most countries to implement among the targets agreed upon at the African Summit on Roll Back Malaria in Abuja, Nigeria, on April 25, 2000. However, seven years later, 24 of the 39 Abuja signatories continue to impose taxes and tariffs on this life-saving tool. Taxes and tariffs significantly increase the price of an insecticide treated net, reduce affordability, and discourage the commercial sector from importing insecticide treated net products. Consequently, Roll Back Malaria partners are engaged in advocacy efforts to remove taxes and tariffs on insecticide treated nets in malaria-endemic countries of Africa. This viewpoint summarizes key obstacles to the removal of taxes and tariffs that have been identified through a review of country situations. To achieve the goal of producing and supplying more than 160 million insecticide treated nets needed to reach the revised Roll Back Malaria Partnership targets by 2010, tax and tariff reforms are urgently needed. Such reforms must be accompanied by country-specific systems to protect the poor (e.g., through voucher systems for vulnerable groups and other forms of targeted subsidies).

  1. 19 CFR 10.802 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  2. 19 CFR 10.862 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (n) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (r) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  3. 19 CFR 10.862 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (n) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (r) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  4. 19 CFR 10.802 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  5. 19 CFR 10.802 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  6. 19 CFR 10.862 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (n) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (r) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  7. 19 CFR 10.802 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  8. 19 CFR 10.862 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (n) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (r) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  9. 19 CFR 10.802 - General definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    .... “Person” means a natural person or an enterprise; (p) Preferential tariff treatment. “Preferential tariff... seabed and subsoil and their natural resources; and (t) WTO Agreement. “WTO Agreement” means the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization of April 15, 1994. Import Requirements ...

  10. 75 FR 50796 - Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Allocations for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-17

    ... for Raw Cane Sugar, Refined and Specialty Sugar, and Sugar-Containing Products AGENCY: Office of the... quantity of the tariff-rate quotas for imported raw cane sugar, refined and specialty sugar, and sugar... imports of raw cane sugar and refined sugar. Pursuant to Additional U.S. Note 8 to Chapter 17 of the HTS...

  11. 78 FR 56657 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-13

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets...

  12. 77 FR 58524 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-21

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets...

  13. 75 FR 54598 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-08

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... fabric to persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in..., corporations, or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits and suit-like jackets...

  14. 76 FR 58465 - Notice of Solicitation of Applications for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-21

    ... for Allocation of Tariff Rate Quotas on the Import of Certain Worsted Wool Fabrics to Persons Who Cut... persons who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits, suit-type jackets and trousers in the United..., or other legal entities) who cut and sew men's and boys' worsted wool suits and suit-like jackets and...

  15. Mechanisms of fire spread research, Progress Report No. 2.

    Treesearch

    Hal E. Anderson; Arthur P. Brackebusch; Robert W. Mutch; Richard C. Rothermel

    1966-01-01

    George Fahnestock's work (1960) on logging slash was a guide for establishing the experimental plots. The purposes of his study and the present one were different. Fahnestock was interested chiefly in comparing the influences of species, loading, and aging on burning slash. He was evaluating factors that influence the burning of natural beds of logging slash. The...

  16. Slash and litter weight after clearcut logging in two young-growth timber stands

    Treesearch

    William E. Sundahl

    1966-01-01

    Ninety-year-old stands of the Pacific ponderosa pine and Pacific ponderosa pine-Douglas-fir types yielded 53 to 110 tons of slash to the acre after logging on the Challenge Experimental Forest, Yuba County, Calif. Fine slash (under 4 inches d.i.b.) contributed 61 to 64 percent of this weight.

  17. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Stands of Loblolly and Slash Pine

    Treesearch

    Christopher A. Dicus; Thomas J. Dean

    2002-01-01

    Nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency (NUE and PUE, respectively), the annual amount of stemwood produced per unit net N or P used in total aboveground production, were examined in 17-year-old pure stands of unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englem.) planted at two spacings. Slash pine stands...

  18. Response of Newly Established Slash Pine to Cultivation and Fertilization

    Treesearch

    A.E. Tiarks; J.D. Haywood

    1981-01-01

    Response of newly established slash pine to fertilization is increased if herbaceous plants are controlled. To find the amount of cultivation required in Louisiana, fertilized and unfertilized rows of planted pines were hand-hoed in a wedge-shaped pattern. By using this technique, the amount of cultivation was varied from none to complete. Slash pine growth was...

  19. Building firelines with liquid explosive ... some preliminary results

    Treesearch

    John D. Dell; Franklin R. Ward

    1970-01-01

    Building firelines in logging slash or dense brush can be costly and hazardous. A new liquid explosive was tested in these and other forest fuel types, It proved effective in brush, understory vegetation, and light-medium slash, but was not effective in deep, heavy slash. Fireline construction by this technique shows promise, but will require more testing and...

  20. Best management practices for erosion control from bladed skid trails

    Treesearch

    Charles R. Wade; W. Michael Aust; M. Chad Bolding; William A. Lakel III

    2012-01-01

    Sediment from forest operations is primarily associated with roads and skid trails. We evaluated five skid trail closure treatments applied to bladed skid trails in the Virginia Piedmont. Closure treatments were Waterbars, Seed, Mulch, Pine slash, and Hardwood slash. Sediment traps were used to collect monthly sediment samples for one year. The Mulch, Pine slash, and...

  1. Modeling thinning in east Texas loblolly and slash pine plantations

    Treesearch

    Dean W. Coble

    2013-01-01

    A new thinning model was proposed for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.) plantations in east Texas. The new model follows the index of suppression methodology introduced by Pienaar (1979). It was implemented in a new whole stand growth model for loblolly and slash pine plantations in east Texas (...

  2. Enhancing the soil organic matter pool through biomass incorporation

    Treesearch

    Felipe G. Sanchez; Emily A. Carter; John F. Klepac

    2003-01-01

    A study was installed in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina, USA that sought to examine the impact of incorporating downed slash materials into subsoil layers on soil chemical and physical properties as compared with the effect of slash materials left on the soil surface. Baseline levels of slash were estimated by establishing transects within harvested stands...

  3. Mineralogical and micromorphological modifications in soil affected by slash pile burn

    Treesearch

    M. M. Nobles; W. J. Massman; M. Mbila; G. Butters

    2010-01-01

    Silvicultural practices, such as slash pile burning, are commonly used for fire and ecosystem management. This management technique can drastically alter chemical, physical and biological soil properties due to the high temperatures achieved during the prolonged severe burn. Little is known, however, about the impact of high-temperature slash pile burning on soil...

  4. Logging slash flammability after five years

    Treesearch

    George R. Fahnestock; John H. Dieterich

    1962-01-01

    This paper reports the final phase of research that has determined the flammability of slash for nine species of northern Rocky Mountain conifers at three ages. Visual characteristics, rate of fire spread, and fire intensity for 5-year-old slash were studied by essentially the same methods as had been used previously on freshly cut and 1-year-old material. Final...

  5. Impacts of post-harvest slash and live-tree retention on biomass and nutrient stocks in Populus tremuloides Michx.-dominated forests, northern Minnesota, USA

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Klockow, Paul A.; D'Amato, Anthony W.; Bradford, John B.

    2013-01-01

    Globally, there is widespread interest in using forest-derived biomass as a source of bioenergy. While conventional timber harvesting generally removes only merchantable tree boles, harvesting biomass feedstock can remove all forms of woody biomass (i.e., live and dead standing woody vegetation, downed woody debris, and stumps) resulting in a greater loss of biomass and nutrients as well as more severe habitat alteration. To investigate the potential impacts of this practice, this study examined the initial impacts (pre- and post-harvest) of various levels of slash and live-tree retention on biomass and nutrient stocks, including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P), in Populus tremuloides Michx.-dominated forests of northern Minnesota, USA. Treatments examined included three levels of slash retention, whole-tree harvest (WTH), 20% slash retention (20SR), and stem-only harvest (SOH), factored with three levels of green-tree retention, no trees retained (NONE), dispersed retention (DISP), and aggregate retention (AGR). Slash retention was the primary factor affecting post-harvest biomass and nutrient stocks, including woody debris pools. Compared to the unharvested control, stocks of biomass, carbon, and nutrients, including N, Ca, K, and P, in woody debris were higher in all treatments. Stem-only harvests typically contained greater biomass and nutrient stocks than WTH, although biomass and nutrients within 20SR, a level recommended by biomass harvesting guidelines in the US and worldwide, generally did not differ from WTH or SOH. Biomass in smaller-diameter slash material (typically 2.5-22.5 cm in diameter) dominated the woody debris pool following harvest regardless of slash retention level. Trends among treatments in this diameter range were generally similar to those in the total woody debris pool. Specifically, SOH contained significantly greater amounts of biomass than WTH while 20SR was not different from either WTH or SOH. Within P. tremuloides systems, we observed high stocks of smaller diameter slash material for all prescribed slash retention treatments. Most notably, WTH retains much more material than anticipated, up to 50% of available slash. These results reflect the high levels of breakage during winter harvest operations in these stands and, consequently, warrant consideration when anticipating the impacts of biomass harvesting on woody debris pools. Further investigation is necessary to understand how deliberate slash retention levels and season-of-harvest impact woody debris in other forest systems.

  6. Reproduction losses from slash disposal at the Challenge Experimental Forest

    Treesearch

    Dale O. Hall; Robert L. Neal

    1963-01-01

    Ponderosa pine, the preferred species, accounted for only 15 percent of the residual coniferous reproduction in seed-tree cuttings. Logging slash was machine-piled to encourage pine regeneration. Slash piling reduced the percentage of plots stocked with conifers from 38 to 12 percent. It destroyed 90 percent of the youngest seedlings but only 27 percent of the saplings...

  7. Slash pine: still growing and growing! Proceedings of the slash pine symposium

    Treesearch

    E. David. Dickens; James P. Barnett; W.G. Hubbard; E.J. Jokela

    2004-01-01

    This volume presents the experiences of scientists and land managers over a 20-year period in managing southern pine ecosystems. In 17 research papers the authors explore a renewed interest in managing slash pine over its natural and expanded range, but particularly within the southeastern Coastal Plain, with a focus on that species' ability to produce high-grade...

  8. Effects of Shallow Water Tables on Height Growth and Phosphorus Uptake by Loblolly and Slash Pines

    Treesearch

    A.E. Tiarks; E. Shoulders

    1982-01-01

    In southern Mississippi, the heights of loblolly and slash pines at age 20 were positively correlated with the phosphorus content of the foliage and with depth in the soil to gray (chromas £2) mottles. Slash pine was taller than loblolly at equivalent levels of foliage phosphorus, but the rate of height increase as...

  9. Condition and deterioration rate of precommercial thinning slash at False Island, Alaska.

    Treesearch

    Michael H. McClellan; Paul E. Hennon; Patrick G. Heuer; Kenneth W. Coffin

    2014-01-01

    We examined slash from thinning treatments in a 21-year chronosequence of young-growth stands in southeast Alaska to determine the strength and persistence of slash effects on two key features of deer habitat quality: forage availability and deer mobility within thinned areas. We describe the main deterioration processes and their dynamics over time. We measured wood...

  10. Reducing fire hazard in ponderosa pine thinning slash by mechanical crushing

    Treesearch

    John R. Dell; Franklin R. Ward

    1969-01-01

    Precommercial thinning in ponderosa pine stands in the Western United States is a growing practice. Thinning slash can, however, be a serious fire hazard in dry areas. Crushing and compacting this slash may be one way of reducing the hazard. Three types of mechanical crushers were tested on the Deschutes National Forest, Oregon. Results indicate that at least one of...

  11. Merits of using mechanical treatments to stimulate cone production of slash and longleaf pine

    Treesearch

    James P. Barnett

    1993-01-01

    four mechanical treatments (untreated, partial girdling in the spring, partial girdling in summer, and banding in spring) stimulated cone production of pole-sized slash and longleaf pines. A 2- to 3-fold increase in slash pine seed production was limited to the first crop originating after the treatments were applied. However, the treatments killed half the longleaf...

  12. Growth and Yield of Slash Pine Plantations

    Treesearch

    Frank A. Bennett

    1963-01-01

    Although slash pine has the most limited range of the major southern pines, more has been planted than any other southern pine, or for that matter, than any timber species in North America. More acres of planted slash pine are also approaching a merchantable condition than any other species, even though the bulk of the plantings has been in the last 20 years....

  13. Mass production of shortleaf x slash pine hybrids by pollinating unbagged female flowers

    Treesearch

    Philip C. Wakeley; O.O. Wells; T.E. Campbell

    1966-01-01

    A simple method of mass-producing shortleaf x slash pine hybrids was attempted. Large quantities of slash pine pollen were spread on unbagged shortleaf flowers in the hope of recovering a high percentage of hybrid progeny and thus materially reducing the cost of producing such hybrids by conventional controlled pollination. The hybrid is very promising, but, as Snyder...

  14. Preliminary study on flakeboard panels made from aspen slash wood

    Treesearch

    Yan Yu; Alan Rudie; Zhiyong Cai

    2010-01-01

    The disposal of forest-thinning residue is one of the major problems for sustainable forest management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the technical possibility of utilizing aspen logging slash wood with a diameter ranging from 50 to 76 mm for flakeboard production. Influences of weight ratio between slash wood and commercial flakes on the selected...

  15. Performance of Species-Reciprocal Hybrids Between Slash and Shortleaf Pines

    Treesearch

    O.O. Wells

    1978-01-01

    Hybrids between shortleaf and slash pine were made by controlled pollination with each species used alternatively as the female parent. Hybrids with shortleaf as the female parent survived planting better than those with slash as the female parent. In all other respects-height, d.b.h., and resistance to diseases and insects-the species used as female parent did not...

  16. Poor Aeration Curtails Slash Pine Root Growth and Nutrient Uptake

    Treesearch

    Eugene Shoulders

    1976-01-01

    Slash pine may absorb nutrients and water best in spring and early summer because soil moisture, soil aeration, and temperature are apparently optimum at this time. One-year-old slash pine seedlings maintained at a high oxygen level grew about 1% times as many roots as were produced at a low oxygen level. No other environmental conditions significantly influenced root...

  17. Slash smoke dispersal over western Oregon...a case study

    Treesearch

    John D. Dell; Franklin R. Ward; Robert E. Lynott

    1970-01-01

    Smoke from slash burns in the Cascade Mountains during a 3-day period ofstable air conditions at lower elevations in October 1969 added little to existing air pollution in the Willamette Valley, in western Oregon. Aerial observations and weather data analysis determined that slash smoke dispersed eastward — away from the Valley. Studies of this type can help improve...

  18. Hydraulic Spray Applications of Insecticides for the Control of Slash Pine Cone and Seed Insects

    Treesearch

    Edward P. Merkel

    1964-01-01

    Field spray tests were conducted from 1959 to 1961 in north Florida to evaluate the effectiveness of hydraulic spray applications of BHC, Guthion, and DDT for the control of coneworms, Dioryctria spp., and the slash pine seedworm, Laspeyresia anaranjada. Slash pines up to 40 feet in total height were protected from coneworm attack...

  19. Loblolly pine growth and soil nutrient stocks eight years after forest slash incorporation

    Treesearch

    Felipe G. Sanchez; Emily A. Carter; Zakiya H. Leggett

    2009-01-01

    Incorporation of forest slash during stand establishment is proposed as a means of increasing soil carbon and nutrient stocks. If effective, the increased soil carbon and nutrient status may result in increased aboveground tree growth. Eight years after study installation, the impact of forest slash incorporation into the soil on soil carbon and nutrient stocks, foliar...

  20. Slash pine: characteristics, history, status, and trends

    Treesearch

    James P. Barnett; Raymond M. Sheffield

    2004-01-01

    Slash pine is the premier tree species on many sites throughout the South. Its ease of establishment and early growth, however, has extended its range to many sites where its performance has been less than ideal. For that reason, the acreage and volume of slash pine are declining. Nonetheless, it will continue to be the favored species on many sites where it is the...

  1. Scar markers in a longleaf pine x slash pine F1 family

    Treesearch

    C. Weng; Thomas L. Kubisiak; M. Stine

    1998-01-01

    Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were derived from random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) that segregate in a longleaf pine x slash pine F1 family. Nine RAPD fragments, five from longleaf pine and four from slash pine, were cloned and end sequenced. A total of 13 SCAR primer pairs, with lengths between 17 and 24...

  2. Rehabilitating slash pile burn scars in upper montane forests of the Colorado Front Range

    Treesearch

    Paula J. Fornwalt; Charles C. Rhoades

    2011-01-01

    Slash pile burning is widely conducted by land managers to dispose of unwanted woody fuels, yet this practice typically has undesirable ecological impacts. Simple rehabilitation treatments may be effective at ameliorating some of the negative impacts of pile burning on plants and soils. Here, we investigated: (1) the impacts of slash pile burning on soil nitrogen and...

  3. Performance of Slash Pine Bare-Root Seedlings and Containerized Rooted Cuttings Planted on Five Dates in Louisiana

    Treesearch

    Alper Akgul; Michael G. Messina; Alan Wilson; Joe Weber

    2004-01-01

    Landowners are interested in extending the normal planting season, as well as the comparative field performance, of nursery bare-root seedlings and containerized rooted cuttings. The effect of seasonal planting dates on field performance of two stock types of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) was examined. Slash pine bare-root seedlings (BRS) and...

  4. Fusiform-Rust-Hazard Maps for Loblolly and Slash Pines

    Treesearch

    Robert L. Anderson; Thomas C. McCartney; Noel D. Cost; Hugh Devine; Martin Botkin

    1988-01-01

    Rust-hazard saps made from Forest Inventory and Analysis plot data show that fusiform rust on slash pine is most common in north-central Florida, in southeastern Georgia, and in areas north of slash pine's natural range. On loblolly pine, the disease is most common in central and southeastern Georgia and in portions of South Carolina. These maps show the general...

  5. Effect of non-tariff barriers on secondary processed wood product trade: New Zealand exports to the United States, China and Japan

    Treesearch

    James A. Turner; Joseph Buongiorno; Shushuai Zhu; Frances Maplesden

    2008-01-01

    Secondary processed wood products - builder's carpentry and joinery, moldings and millwork, wooden furniture, and prefabricated buildings - have grown significantly in importance in the global trade of wood products. At the same time there has been increased use of non-tariff barriers to restrict their trade.  These barriers could have an important impact on the...

  6. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-10-09

    by U.S. sanctions). Exports to U.S. — $157 million (large categories: pomegranate juice, caviar, pistachio nuts, carpets, medicines, artwork...Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports...of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S

  7. Early Hg mobility in cultivated tropical soils one year after slash-and-burn of the primary forest, in the Brazilian Amazon.

    PubMed

    Béliveau, Annie; Lucotte, Marc; Davidson, Robert; Lopes, Luis Otávio do Canto; Paquet, Serge

    2009-07-15

    In the Brazilian Amazon, forest conversion to agricultural lands (slash-and-burn cultivation) contributes to soil mercury (Hg) release and to aquatic ecosystem contamination. Recent studies have shown that soil Hg loss occurs rapidly after deforestation, suggesting that Hg mobility could be related to the massive cation input resulting from biomass burning. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of the first year of slash-and-burn agriculture on soil Hg levels at the regional scale of the Tapajós River, in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 429 soil samples were collected in 26 farms of five riparian communities of the Tapajós basin. In September 2004, soil samples were collected from primary forest sites planned for slash-and-burn cultivation. In August 2005, one year after the initial burning, a second campaign was held and the exact same sites were re-sampled. Our results showed that total Hg levels in soils did not change significantly during the first year following slash-and-burn, suggesting no immediate release of soil Hg at that point in time. However, an early Hg mobility was detected near the surface (0-5 cm), reflected by a significant shift in Hg distribution in soil fractions. Indeed, a transfer of Hg from fine to coarser soil particles was observed, indicating that chemical bonds between Hg and fine particles could have been altered. A correspondence analysis (CA) showed that this process could be linked to a chemical competition caused by cation enrichment. The regional dimension of the study highlighted the prevailing importance of soil types in Hg dynamics, as shown by differentiated soil responses following deforestation according to soil texture. Confirming an early Hg mobility and indicating an eventual Hg release out of the soil, our results reinforce the call for the development of more sustainable agricultural practices in the Amazon.

  8. Soil microbial community structure and diversity are largely influenced by soil pH and nutrient quality in 78-year-old tree plantations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Xiaoqi; Guo, Zhiying; Chen, Chengrong; Jia, Zhongjun

    2017-04-01

    Forest plantations have been recognised as a key strategy management tool for stocking carbon (C) in soils, thereby contributing to climate warming mitigation. However, long-term ecological consequences of anthropogenic forest plantations on the community structure and diversity of soil microorganisms and the underlying mechanisms in determining these patterns are poorly understood. In this study, we selected 78-year-old tree plantations that included three coniferous tree species (i.e. slash pine, hoop pine and kauri pine) and a eucalypt species in subtropical Australia. We investigated the patterns of community structure, and the diversity of soil bacteria and eukaryotes by using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. We also measured the potential methane oxidation capacity under different tree species. The results showed that slash pine and Eucalyptus significantly increased the dominant taxa of bacterial Acidobacteria and the dominant taxa of eukaryotic Ascomycota, and formed clusters of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities, which were clearly different from the clusters under hoop pine and kauri pine. Soil pH and nutrient quality indicators such as C : nitrogen (N) and extractable organic C : extractable organic N were key factors in determining the patterns of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities between the different tree species treatments. Slash pine and Eucalyptus had significantly lower soil bacterial and eukaryotic operational taxonomical unit numbers and lower diversity indices than kauri pine and hoop pine. A key factor limitation hypothesis was introduced, which gives a reasonable explanation for lower diversity indices under slash pine and Eucalyptus. In addition, slash pine and Eucalyptus had a higher soil methane oxidation capacity than the other tree species. These results suggest that significant changes in soil microbial communities may occur in response to chronic disturbance by tree plantations, and highlight the importance of soil pH and physiochemical characteristics in microbially mediated ecological processes in forested soils.

  9. Microbial community structure and activity in a Colorado Rocky Mountain forest soil scarred by slash pile burning

    Treesearch

    Aida E. Jimenez Esquilin; Mary E. Stromberger; William J. Massman; John M. Frank; Wayne D. Shepperd

    2007-01-01

    Tree thinning and harvesting produces large amounts of slash material which are typically disposed of by burning, often resulting in severe soil heating. We measured soil chemical properties and microbial community structure and function over time to determine effects of slash pile burning in a ponderosa pine forest soil. Real time data were collected for soil...

  10. Slash pile burning effects on soil biotic and chemical properties and plant establishment: Recommendations for amelioration

    Treesearch

    Julie E. Korb; Nancy C. Johnson; W. W. Covington

    2004-01-01

    Ponderosa pine forest restoration consists of thinning trees and reintroducing prescribed fire to reduce unnaturally high tree densities and fuel loads to restore ecosystem structure and function. A current issue in ponderosa pine restoration is what to do with the large quantity of slash that is created from thinning dense forest stands. Slash piling burning is...

  11. Visual Basic Growth-and-Yield Models With A Merchandising Optimizer For Planted Slash and Loblolly Pine in the West Gulf Region

    Treesearch

    R.L. Busby; S.J. Chang; P.R. Pasala; J.C.G. Goelz

    2004-01-01

    We developed two growth-and-yield models for thinned and unthinned plantations of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var elliottii) and loblolly pine (P. taeda L.). The models, VB Merch-Slash and VB Merch-Lob, can be used to forecast product volumes and stand values for stands partitioned into 1-inch diameter-at...

  12. Validation of Volume and Taper Equations For Loblolly Shortleaf and Slash Pine

    Treesearch

    Allan E. Tiarks; V. Clark Baldwin

    1999-01-01

    Inside-bark diameter measurements at 6.64 intervals of 137 loblolly, 52 shortleaf, and 64 slash pines were used to calculate the actual volume and taper of each species for comparison with volumes and tapers predicted from published equations. The loblolly pine were cut in Texas (TX) and Louisiana (LA) while the shortleaf was sampled only in TX. The slash pine were...

  13. Use of a generalized sigmoid growth function to predict site index for unmanaged loblolly and slash pine plantations in East Texas

    Treesearch

    Dean W. Coble; Young-Jin Lee

    2006-01-01

    A generalized sigmoid growth function was used in this study to model site index (SI) for unmanaged or lowintensity managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda, L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii, Engelm.) plantations in east Texas. Schnute's growth function was fit to 11,367 and 5,040 height-age observations of loblolly and slash...

  14. Slash Incorporation for Amelioration of Site, Soil and Hydrologic Properties on Pocosins and Wet Flats in North Carolina

    Treesearch

    William A. Lakel; W. Michael Aust; Emily A. Carter; Bryce J. Stokes; Felipe G. Sanchez

    1999-01-01

    It was hypothesized that mulching and incorporation of slash as part of site preparation treatments could affect soil water characteristics. Two forested wetland sites, an organic pocosin and a mineral wet flat. located in the lower coastal plain of North Carolina, were selected for treatments. Treatments consisted of slash mulching and incorporation in comoinations...

  15. Distribution of Slash and Litter After Wet- and Dry-Site Harvesting of Loblolly Pine Plantations

    Treesearch

    Mark H. Eisenbies; James A. Burger; Yi-Jun Xu; Steve Patterson

    2002-01-01

    Displacement of logging slash and forest floor litter in the process of harvesting can interfere with forest nutrient cycling and can modify soil climate in ways that could affect regeneration success and forest productivity. The objective of this study was to assess a visual method for estimating organic matter and slash biomass residues following a typical feller-...

  16. Timing of slash burning with the seed crop—a case history.

    Treesearch

    Roy R. Silen

    1952-01-01

    Studies by Isaac indicate that regeneration to Douglas-fir following logging often fails because a good seed crop is destroyed in the slash fire. To prevent this loss during a good seed year, early burning before seed fall starts has been recommended. If early burning is too hazardous, only the concentrations of slash should be burned later in the fall. In contrast,...

  17. Slash disposal burns in pine patch-cuttings...a dialogue

    Treesearch

    Dale O. Hall

    1967-01-01

    Since 1963, there have been 17 slash disposal burns carried out successfully in pine patch-cuttings on the Challenge Experimental Forest, Yuba County, California. The burned units ranged from 2 to 46 acres. Costs per acre ranged from $8.42 to $60.97. Answers to questions most asked by foresters about broadcast burning pine slash are given in the form of a dialogue....

  18. Comparison of Maximum Likelihood Estimation Approach and Regression Approach in Detecting Quantitative Trait Lco Using RAPD Markers

    Treesearch

    Changren Weng; Thomas L. Kubisiak; C. Dana Nelson; James P. Geaghan; Michael Stine

    1999-01-01

    Single marker regression and single marker maximum likelihood estimation were tied to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the early height growth of longleaf pine and slash pine using a ((longleaf pine x slash pine) x slash pine) BC, population consisting of 83 progeny. Maximum likelihood estimation was found to be more power than regression and could...

  19. Understanding Canada's International Trade Policy. "Understanding Economics" Series No. 4.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cornell, Peter M.

    Written for secondary school Canadian students, the document examines Canada's international trade policy. It is arranged in three sections. Part I discusses the affect of Canada's trade policy on the individual citizen. Tariffs and non-tariff barriers to trade such as import licenses, preferential purchasing agreements, health and safety…

  20. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-06-27

    The United States was the largest market for Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio ...nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22% and on raw... pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow Americans to freely engage in ordinary publishing activities with

  1. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-04-25

    1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In...January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was CRS-47 63 “Iran Says Halliburton Won Drilling Contract.” Washington Times, January 11, 2005. 64 Boyd...Roderick. “Halliburton Agrees to Leave Iran, Thompson Says.” New York Sun, March 25, 2005. lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In

  2. Influence of slash burning on regeneration, other plant cover, and fire hazard in the Douglas-fir region (a progress report).

    Treesearch

    William G. Morris

    1958-01-01

    In the Douglas-fir region, is slash burning ultimately good or bad practice? During the early 1940's whenever a group of foresters, met to discuss management or silviculture of that region, they usually debated this question. Until then they had burned slash in most clear cuttings east of the narrow coastal fog belt as accepted practice. Fire...

  3. Survival of slash pine having fusiform rust disease varies with year of first stem infection and severity

    Treesearch

    R.C. Froelich; Ronald C. Schmidtling

    1998-01-01

    Probabilities of death of young slash pine infected by fusiform rust pathogen varied with timing and severity of infection. Trees in nine slash pine plantations varying widely in site quality and initial number of trees per acre had similar probabilities of death from rust. About 90 percent of trees with stem infections in the first three growing seasons died by age 15...

  4. Slash pine regeneration and groundcover responses following harvesting in hydric flatwoods

    Treesearch

    Kimberly Bohn; Ajay Sharma

    2016-01-01

    As part of a long term project assessing different strategies for converting slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations to uneven-aged, multifunctional forests, we evaluated the effects of five different harvest methods (group selection, shelterwood, third row thin, ‘cut 2 leave 3’ row thin, and staggered third row thin) on natural regeneration of slash pine and...

  5. Science You Can Use Bulletin: Slash from the past: Rehabilitating pile burn scars

    Treesearch

    Sue Miller; Chuck Rhoades; Liz Schnackenberg; Paula Fornwalt; Eric Schroder

    2015-01-01

    In the National Forests of northern Colorado, there is a backlog of over 140,000 slash piles slated to be burned, most of them coming from post-mountain pine beetle salvage logging and hazard reduction treatments. Burning slash piles can create openings in the forest that remain treeless for over 50 years, and can also have the short-term impacts of increasing nutrient...

  6. Phenotypic analysis of first-year traits in a pseudo-backcross {(slash x loblolly) x slash} and the ope-pollinated families of the pure-species progenitors

    Treesearch

    Patricio R. Munoz Del Valle; Dudley A. Huber; John R. Butnor

    2011-01-01

    A single test, including one pseudo-backcross (Pinus elliottii x Pinus taeda) x P. elliottii and openpollinated families of the pure species progenitors, was established in North Central Florida in December 2007 to study the transfer of the fast-growing characteristics from a P. taeda L. (loblolly pine) parent into the P. elliottii Engelm. (slash pine) background....

  7. Long term consequences of a controlled slash burn and slash mastication to soil moisture and CO2 at a southern Colorado site

    Treesearch

    W. J. Massman; J. M. Frank; A. E. Jimenez Esquilin; M. E. Stromberger; W. D. Shepperd

    2006-01-01

    Thinning of forest stands is frequently used to reduce the risk of catastrophic fire. But thinning requires that the refuse (or slash) be removed from the site, which can be done either by burning it or by mastication and dispersal. Either method has long term consequences to the soil and to soil moisture and soil CO2 levels. For example, after the initial drying of...

  8. Aerial sampling of emissions from biomass pile burns in ...

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Emissions from burning piles of post-harvest timber slash in Grande Ronde, Oregon were sampled using an instrument platform lofted into the plume using a tether-controlled aerostat or balloon. Emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, particulate matter (PM2.5 µm), black carbon, ultraviolet absorbing PM, elemental/organic carbon, semi-volatile organics (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins/dibenzofurans), filter-based metals, and volatile organics were sampled for determination of emission factors. The effect on emissions from covering or not covering piles with polyethylene sheets to prevent fuel wetting was determined. Results showed that the uncovered (“wet”) piles burned with lower combustion efficiency and higher emissions of volatile organic compounds. Results for other pollutants will also be discussed. This work determined the emissions from open burning of forest slash wood, with and without plastic sheeting. The foresters advocate the use of plastic to keep the slash wood dry and aid in the controlled combustion of the slash to reduce fuel loading. Concerns about the emissions from the burning plastic prompted this work which conducted an extensive characterization of dry, wet, and dry with plastic slash pile emissions.

  9. 19 CFR 141.90 - Notation of tariff classification and value on invoice.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Notation of tariff classification and value on... classification and value on invoice. (a) [Reserved] (b) Classification and rate of duty. The importer or customs... invoice value which have been made to arrive at the aggregate entered value. In addition, the entered unit...

  10. Health Utilities of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sweden

    PubMed Central

    Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Gerdtham, Ulf-G; Eliasson, Björn; Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia; Svensson, Ann-Marie; Steen Carlsson, Katarina

    2014-01-01

    This study estimates health utilities (HU) in Sweden for a range of type 2 diabetes-related complications using EQ-5D and two alternative tariffs (UK and Swedish) from 1757 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR). Ordinary least squares were used for statistical analysis. Lower HU was found for female gender, younger age at diagnosis, higher BMI, and history of complications. Microvascular and macrovascular complications had the most negative effect on HU among women and men, respectively. The greatest decline in HU was associated with kidney disorders (−0.114) using the UK tariff and stroke (−0.059) using the Swedish tariff. Multiple stroke and non-acute ischaemic heart disease had higher negative effect than a single event. With the UK tariff, each year elapsed since the last microvascular/macrovascular complication was associated with 0.013 and 0.007 units higher HU, respectively. We found important heterogeneities in effects of complications on HU in terms of gender, multiple event, and time. The Swedish tariff gave smaller estimates and so may result in less cost-effective interventions than the UK tariff. These results suggest that incorporating subgroup-specific HU in cost-utility analyses might provide more insight for informed decision-making. PMID:24810579

  11. Effects of slash-and-burn land management on soil spectral properties estimated with VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rosero-Vlasova, Olga Alexandra; Vlassova, Lidia; Rosero Tufiño, Pedro; Pérez-Cabello, Fernando; Montorio Llovería, Raquel

    2017-04-01

    Slash-and-burn land management is typical for low-income tropical countries, such as Ecuador. It involves conversion of forest into areas used for agriculture. At first trees are cut and the wood debris is burnt. After initial clearing, biomass burning is performed after each production cycle. Usually, cultivation cycles are followed by the fallow period. In the medium and long term, these practices have negative effect on soil fertility and there is the need for clearing more forest for agricultural use. This is one of the reasons for continuing deforestation with the consequent loss of biodiversity. Changes in physico-chemical properties due to periodic burning are accompanied by changes in soil spectral properties and can be determined using VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy, which can be a cost-effective alternative for traditional methods of soil analysis. The purpose of the study is to assess the viability of VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy for characterization of soils from land areas under slash-and-burn management system. Eighteen samples from soil surface layer were collected from two corn fields in the province of Los Rios, Ecuador, in September 2015. One of the areas has experienced six slash-and-burn cycles, while in the other the samples were collected at the end of the first corn cultivation cycle. Spectral measurements of sieved and air-dried samples were performed in the laboratory of the University of Zaragoza using ASD Fieldspec®4 spectroradiometer (350-2500nm spectral range) and ASD Illuminator Lamp as a light source. Statistically significant differences were observed between soil spectra of the samples from two soil groups. Reflectance of repeatedly burnt soils was 20% higher (mean value for the entire spectrum) for 65% of the samples, being especially important in VIS (>45%) and NIR ( 35%), probably due to the lower organic matter (OM) content. OM models built using Partial least Squares Regression demonstrated high predictive capacity (R2>0.8). Thus, the study confirms VIS-NIR-SWIR soil spectroscopy can be used as a tool for monitoring changes in soils in areas of slash-and-burn land management systems.

  12. 76 FR 21418 - Fiscal Year 2011 Allocation of Additional Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-15

    ...-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and Reallocation of Unused Fiscal Year 2011 Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar and of country-by-country reallocations of the FY 2011 in-quota quantity...

  13. 77 FR 25012 - Fiscal Year 2012 Allocation of Additional Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-26

    ...-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar and Reallocation of Unused Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quota Volume for Raw Cane Sugar AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative. ACTION: Notice...) for imported raw cane sugar and of country-by-country reallocations of the FY 2012 in-quota quantity...

  14. Wounding patterns and human performance in knife attacks: optimising the protection provided by knife-resistant body armour.

    PubMed

    Bleetman, A; Watson, C H; Horsfall, I; Champion, S M

    2003-12-01

    Stab attacks generate high loads, and to defeat them, armour needs to be of a certain thickness and stiffness. Slash attacks produce much lower loads and armour designed to defeat them can be far lighter and more flexible. Phase 1: Human performance in slash attacks: 87 randomly selected students at the Royal Military College of Science were asked to make one slash attack with an instrumented blade on a vertically mounted target. No instructions on how to slash the target were given. The direction, contact forces and velocity of each attack were recorded. Phase 2: Clinical experience with edged weapon attacks: The location and severity of all penetrating injuries in patients attending the Glasgow Royal Infirmary between 1993 and 1996 were charted on anatomical figures. Phase 1: Two types of human slash behaviour were evident: a 'chop and drag' blow and a 'sweep motion' type of attack. 'Chop and drag' attacks had higher peak forces and velocities than sweep attacks. Shoulder to waist blows (diagonal) accounted for 82% of attacks, 71% of attackers used a long diagonal slash with an average cut length of 34 cm and 11% used short diagonal attacks with an average cut length of 25 cm. Only 18% of attackers slashed across the body (short horizontal); the average measured cut length of this type was 28 cm. The maximum peak force for the total sample population was 212 N; the maximum velocity was 14.88 m s(-1). The 95 percentile force for the total sample population was 181 N and the velocity was 9.89 m s(-1). Phase 2: 431 of the 500 patients had been wounded with edged weapons. The average number of wounds sustained by victims in knife assaults was 2.4. The distribution of wounds by frequency and severity are presented. Anti-slash protection is required for the arms, neck, shoulders, and thighs. The clinical experience of knife-attack victims provides information on the relative vulnerabilities of different regions of the body. It is anticipated that designing a tunic-type of Police uniform that is inherently stab and slash resistant will eventually replace the current obvious and often bulky extra protective vest. Attempts at making a combined garment will need to be guided by ergonomic considerations and field testing. A similar anatomical regional risk model might also be appropriate in the design of anti-ballistic armour and combined anti-ballistic and knife-resistant armour.

  15. 33 CFR 5.47 - Auxiliary ensign.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... the Auxiliary ensign is medium blue (Coast Guard blue) with a broad diagonal white slash upon which a matching blue Coast Guard Auxiliary emblem is centered. The white slash shall be at a 70 degree angle...

  16. 33 CFR 5.47 - Auxiliary ensign.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... the Auxiliary ensign is medium blue (Coast Guard blue) with a broad diagonal white slash upon which a matching blue Coast Guard Auxiliary emblem is centered. The white slash shall be at a 70 degree angle...

  17. 33 CFR 5.47 - Auxiliary ensign.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... the Auxiliary ensign is medium blue (Coast Guard blue) with a broad diagonal white slash upon which a matching blue Coast Guard Auxiliary emblem is centered. The white slash shall be at a 70 degree angle...

  18. 33 CFR 5.47 - Auxiliary ensign.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... the Auxiliary ensign is medium blue (Coast Guard blue) with a broad diagonal white slash upon which a matching blue Coast Guard Auxiliary emblem is centered. The white slash shall be at a 70 degree angle...

  19. 33 CFR 5.47 - Auxiliary ensign.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... the Auxiliary ensign is medium blue (Coast Guard blue) with a broad diagonal white slash upon which a matching blue Coast Guard Auxiliary emblem is centered. The white slash shall be at a 70 degree angle...

  20. Microbiological soil properties after logging and slash burning.

    Treesearch

    Ernest Wright

    1957-01-01

    Considerable study has been made of the effects of logging and slash burning on chemical and physical properties of forest soils. However, little is known of the effect of such operations on microbiological properties.

  1. Lipid composition of slash pine tissue cultures grown with lunar and earth soils

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Laseter, J. L.; Weete, J. D.; Baur, P. S.; Walkinshaw, C. H.

    1973-01-01

    Lipid analyses were conducted on slash pine tissues grown in culture in the presence of lunar (Apollo 15) and earth soils. Significant reductions in the total lipids, fatty acids, and sterol components were found in the tissues grown in contact with each of the soils employed when compared to the control. Tissues grown with lunar soil showed the greatest reductions. These results are discussed with respect to previous ultrastructural studies on similarly treated slash pine tissues and lipid analyses on tobacco tissue cultures.

  2. Biomass and nutrient dynamics associated with slash fires in neotropical dry forests

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kauffman, J.B.; Cummings, D.L.; Sanford, R.L. Jr.

    1993-01-01

    Unprecedented rates of deforestation and biomass burning in tropical dry forests are dramatically influencing biogeochemical cycles, resulting in resource depletion, declines in biodiversity, and atmospheric pollution. We quantified the effects of deforestation and varying levels of slash-fire severity on nutrient losses and redistribution in a second-growth tropical dry forest ([open quotes]Caatinga[close quotes]) near Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil. Total aboveground biomass prior to burning was [approx]74 Mg/ha. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were highest in litter, leaves attached to slash, and fine wood debris (

  3. The difference between energy consumption and energy cost: Modelling energy tariff structures for water resource recovery facilities.

    PubMed

    Aymerich, I; Rieger, L; Sobhani, R; Rosso, D; Corominas, Ll

    2015-09-15

    The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of incorporating more realistic energy cost models (based on current energy tariff structures) into existing water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) process models when evaluating technologies and cost-saving control strategies. In this paper, we first introduce a systematic framework to model energy usage at WRRFs and a generalized structure to describe energy tariffs including the most common billing terms. Secondly, this paper introduces a detailed energy cost model based on a Spanish energy tariff structure coupled with a WRRF process model to evaluate several control strategies and provide insights into the selection of the contracted power structure. The results for a 1-year evaluation on a 115,000 population-equivalent WRRF showed monthly cost differences ranging from 7 to 30% when comparing the detailed energy cost model to an average energy price. The evaluation of different aeration control strategies also showed that using average energy prices and neglecting energy tariff structures may lead to biased conclusions when selecting operating strategies or comparing technologies or equipment. The proposed framework demonstrated that for cost minimization, control strategies should be paired with a specific optimal contracted power. Hence, the design of operational and control strategies must take into account the local energy tariff. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Early Yields Of Slash Pine Planted On a Cutover Site At Various Spacings

    Treesearch

    W.F. Mann

    1971-01-01

    Tabulates basal areas, cordwood and cubic-foot volumes, average d.b.h., and diameter distributions for 14-year-old slash pine planted in central Louisiana. Also gives regression equations developed to predict these parameters.

  5. School Districts Can Stretch the School Dollar

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Petrilli, Michael J.

    2012-01-01

    Many districts continue to face budget challenges of historic proportions. Decisions made in the coming months will carry significant repercussions for years to come. The path of least resistance is to slash budgets in ways that erode schooling. In this scenario, important reforms are left behind, overall services are diminished, innovations are…

  6. Tests of an experimental slash ignition unit

    Treesearch

    James L. Murphy; Harry E. Schimke

    1965-01-01

    A prototype ignition package containing an incendiary powder and designed for slash and brush burning jobs showed some promise, but the unit tested was not superior to such conventional devices as fusees, diesel backpack type flamethrowers, Very pistols, and drip torches.

  7. User's Guide for SeedCalc: A Decision-Support System for Integrated Pest Management in Slash Pine Seed Orchards

    Treesearch

    Carl W. Fatzinger; Wayne N. Dixon

    1996-01-01

    SeedCalc, a decision-support system designed for use on personal computers, evaluates the consequences of different pest management strategies in slash pine (Pinus ellliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) seed orchards.

  8. JPRS Report, Near East & South Asia

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-05-15

    ment initiatives, based on its principle that effective private sector participation is an important element in the success of investment projects...tariff vis-a-vis the outside world. GCC countries put their Uniform Economic Agreement into effect in March of 1983 but could not meet their five...year deadline for putting a uniform tariff into effect . As the deadline passed without agreement, the GCC secretariat asked the Abu Dhabi summit for a

  9. Learning from the implementation of residential optional time of use pricing in the United States electricity industry

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Xibao

    Residential time-of-use (TOU) rates have been in practice in the U.S. since the 1970s. However, for institutional, political, and regulatory reasons, only a very small proportion of residential customers are actually on these schedules. In this thesis, I explore why this is the case by empirically investigating two groups of questions: (1) On the "supply" side: Do utilities choose to offer TOU rates in residential sectors on their own initiative if state commissions do not order them to do so? Since utilities have other options, what is the relationship between the TOU rate and other alternatives? To answer these questions, I survey residential tariffs offered by more than 100 major investor-owned utilities, study the impact of various factors on utilities' rate-making behavior, and examine utility revealed preferences among four rate options: seasonal rates, inverted block rates, demand charges, and TOU rates. Estimated results suggest that the scale of residential sectors and the revenue contribution from residential sectors are the only two significant factors that influence utility decisions on offering TOU rates. Technical and economic considerations are not significant statistically. This implies that the little acceptance of TOU rates is partly attributed to utilities' inadequate attention to TOU rate design. (2) On the "demand" side: For utilities offering TOU tariffs, why do only a very small proportion of residential customers choose these tariffs? What factors influence customer choices? Unlike previous studies that used individual-level experimental data, this research employs actual aggregated information from 29 utilities offering optional TOU rates. By incorporating neo-classical demand analysis into an aggregated random coefficient logit model, I investigate the impact of both price and non-price tariff characteristics and non-tariff factors on customer choice behavior. The analysis indicates that customer pure tariff preference (which captures the effect of all unincluded factors) is a crucial obstacle to the public acceptance of TOU tariffs. Besides rate levels, non-price tariff characteristics and non-tariff factors are also important in influencing customer choice. It is observed that high income home owners have very different preferences than others.

  10. Harvesting Costs For Mechanized Thinning Systems In Slash Pine Plantations

    Treesearch

    James E. Granskog

    1978-01-01

    Harvesting costs of four tree harvester systems are estimated for row thinning slash pine plantations. Systems incorporating a full-tree type harvester had lower harvesting costs per cord than shortwood and tree-length harvester systems in 15-year-old plantations.

  11. Variation among slash pine families in chlorophyll fluorescence traits

    Treesearch

    Anita C. Koehn; James H. Roberds; Robert L. Doudrick

    2003-01-01

    Abstract: Photochemical quenching, nonphotochemical quenching, and yield of photosystem II were measured on seedlings of full-sibling, open-, and self-pollinated slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) families. Our results reveal that genetic variation in photochemical quenching and yield of...

  12. Emissions from prescribed burning of timber slash piles in Oregon.

    EPA Science Inventory

    Emissions from burning piles of post-harvest timber slash (Douglas fir) in Grande Ronde, Oregon were sampled using an instrument platform lofted into the plume using a tether-controlled aerostat or balloon. Emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, particulate matte...

  13. 47 CFR 1.772 - Application for special tariff permission.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application for special tariff permission. 1... Complaints, Applications, Tariffs, and Reports Involving Common Carriers Tariffs § 1.772 Application for special tariff permission. Applications under section 203 of the Communications Act for special tariff...

  14. A Comparison of Yield Studies of Slash Pine in Old-Field Plantations

    Treesearch

    F.A. Bennett; R. L. Barnes; J.L. Clutter; C.E. McGee

    1970-01-01

    This report compares three yield studies of slash pine in old-field plantation. Similarities and differences in yield are disccssed. Within the range of sample data common to all studies, yield estimates are similar; major difierences occur only in extrapolated values.

  15. Slash pine plantation site index curves for the West Gulf

    Treesearch

    Stanley J. Zarnoch; D.P. Feduccia

    1984-01-01

    New slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm) plantation site index curves have been developed for the West Gulf. The guide curve is mathematically simpler than other available models, tracks the data well, and is more biologically reasonable outside the range of data.

  16. Stereo photos for evaluating jack pine slash fuels.

    Treesearch

    Richard W. Blank

    1982-01-01

    Describes a quick, visual method for estimating jack pine logging residue and other fuels. The method uses a series of large color photographs and stereo pairs as well as data sheets that detail size classes and loadings of the logging slash and other fuels.

  17. 47 CFR 61.87 - Cancellation of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ...) A carrier may cancel an entire tariff. Cancellation of a tariff automatically cancels every page and supplement to that tariff except for the canceling Title Page or first page. (1) If the existing service(s) will be provided under another carrier's tariff, then (i) The carrier whose tariff is being canceled...

  18. 14 CFR 221.72 - Reinstating canceled or expired tariff provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reinstating canceled or expired tariff... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Amendment of Tariffs § 221.72 Reinstating canceled or expired tariff provisions. Any fares, rules, or other tariff provisions which have been canceled or which...

  19. 14 CFR 221.400 - Filing of paper tariffs required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.400 Filing of paper tariffs... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Filing of paper tariffs required. 221.400...; and (2) Simultaneously cancel such records from the paper tariff in the manner prescribed by subparts...

  20. 14 CFR 221.500 - Transmission of electronic tariffs to subscribers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.500... to any subscriber to the on-line tariff database, including access to the justification required by... machine-readable data (raw tariff data) of all daily transactions made to its on-line tariff database. The...

  1. 14 CFR 221.400 - Filing of paper tariffs required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Filing of paper tariffs required. 221.400... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.400 Filing of paper tariffs...; and (2) Simultaneously cancel such records from the paper tariff in the manner prescribed by subparts...

  2. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-10-04

    was the largest market for Iranian carpets before the 1979 revolution, but U.S. anti-dumping tariffs imposed on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986...Halliburton Agrees to Leave Iran, Thompson Says.” New York Sun, Mar. 25, 2005. product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered...to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow Americans to freely engage in ordinary

  3. 14 CFR 221.91 - Delivering tariff publications to Department.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Filing Tariff Publications With Department § 221.91... responsibility of processing tariffs. No tariff publication will be accepted by the Department unless it is...

  4. Nutrient Management in Pine Forests

    Treesearch

    Allan E. Tiarks

    1999-01-01

    Coastal plain soils are naturally low in fertility and many pine stands will give an economic response to fertilization, especially phosphorus. Maintaining the nutrients that are on the site by limiting displacement of logging slash during and after the harvest can be important in maintaining the productivity of the site and reducing the amount of fertilizer required...

  5. 14 CFR 221.94 - Explanation and data supporting tariff changes and new matter in tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Explanation and data supporting tariff changes and new matter in tariffs. 221.94 Section 221.94 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Filing Tariff Publications...

  6. 77 FR 60689 - Transmission Planning and Cost Allocation by Transmission Owning and Operating Public Utilities

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-04

    ... filings must be submitted in accordance with the Commission's electronic tariff filing (eTariff... eTariff Filing Title field and in the Description field in eFiling. DATES: Effective on October 4... electronic tariff filing (eTariff) requirements in Electronic Tariff Filings, Order No. 714, FERC Stats...

  7. Ten-year growth of planted slash pine after thinnings

    Treesearch

    Hans G. Enghardt; W.F. Mann

    1972-01-01

    volume growth of slash pine between ages 17 and 27 years was directly related to residual basal area per acre after thinning. Diameter growth was inversely related to stand density, and very heavy cutting was required to attain a rate of 3 inches in 10 years.

  8. Slash application reduces soil erosion in steep-sloped piñon-juniper woodlands

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Mitigating runoff and associated erosion is a fundamental challenge for sustainable management of rangelands. Hillslope runoff and erosion are strongly influenced by ground cover, thus, a strategic management option exists to increase cover with slash from woody plant removal activities particularl...

  9. Assessing potential impacts of the EVFTA on Vietnam's pharmaceutical imports from the EU: an application of SMART analysis.

    PubMed

    Vu, Huong Thanh

    2016-01-01

    This paper by adopting the Software on Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade assessed the ex-ante impact of tariff elimination under the European-Vietnam free trade agreement (EVFTA) on Vietnam's pharmaceutical imports from the EU based on two scenarios. The results showed that although Vietnam's tariff removal for the EU's medicines would not result in a significant increase in Vietnam's imports from the EU, Vietnam's deeper integration with ASEAN + 3 and TPP (the Trans-Pacific Partnership) nations would affect quite slightly on its imports from the EU. Therefore, the EU would be still the most important and biggest source of pharmaceuticals for Vietnam in the near future. In addition, there might be an uneven distribution in Vietnam's import increases by the EU nation, pharmaceutical group and product. The simulation results also pointed out that the EVFTA's trade creation effect would be higher than trade diversion effect and therefore the agreement would improve welfare of Vietnam. When Vietnam extends its coverage of tariff elimination to also TPP and ASEAN + 3, Vietnam's welfare would potentially increase more but Vietnam would face with the relatively high increases of pharmaceutical imports from not only the EU but also the US, Australia, South Korea, Thailand and China. Bases on these results, the paper argued that both the Vietnamese government and pharmaceutical enterprises should not neglect the EVFTA and its impacts on the pharmaceutical sector, and perceive clearly the uneven distribution of Vietnam's import changes from the EU by nation and by product to design appropriate business and investment strategy. In addition, Vietnam should take measures to diversify its European import markets to be less dependent on the traditional ones in the current context of the EU. Finally, Vietnam should promote the integration in the pharmaceutical sector with all three groups of nations, especially ASEAN and ASEAN's key partners, to reduce trade diversion effect and raise the welfare of Vietnam, given that Vietnam should consider carefully the point of time to remove tariff for each group to avoid the sudden increase in its pharmaceutical imports.

  10. Moisture stress affects germination of longleaf and slash pine seeds

    Treesearch

    James P. Barnett

    1969-01-01

    Osmotic stresses greater than 8 atm markedly reduced germination of both Pinus palustris Mill. P. elliotii Engelm. seeds. At stresses of 18 or more atm, no germination occurred. Moisture content at the onset of germination was twice as high in longleaf as in slash pine seeds.

  11. Nonlethal Thrips Damage to Slash Pine Flowers Reduces Seed Yields

    Treesearch

    Gary L. DeBarr; John A. Williams

    1971-01-01

    Nonlethal damage to female flowers of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) by a thrips, Gnophothrips fuscus Morgan, was examined a Florida seed orchard. Thrips-damaged flowers developed into crooked mature cones with areas of sunken, deformed cone scales. Damaged cones were significantly shorter, yielded fewer total seed and...

  12. Mechanized row-thinning systems in slash pine plantations

    Treesearch

    Walter C. Anderson; James E. Granskog

    1974-01-01

    Over the next decade or two, most of the 15 to 20 million acres of pine plantations in the South will become ready for a first commercial thinning. The magnitude and nature of the job is illustrated by the situation in slash pine-the most extensively planted of the southern pines.

  13. 77 FR 66601 - Electronic Tariff Filings; Notice of Change to eTariff Type of Filing Codes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-06

    ... Tariff Filings; Notice of Change to eTariff Type of Filing Codes Take notice that, effective November 18, 2012, the list of available eTariff Type of Filing Codes (TOFC) will be modified to include a new TOFC... Energy's regulations. Tariff records included in such filings will be automatically accepted to be...

  14. Sweat bees on hot chillies: provision of pollination services by native bees in traditional slash-and-burn agriculture in the Yucatán Peninsula of tropical Mexico.

    PubMed

    Landaverde-González, Patricia; Quezada-Euán, José Javier G; Theodorou, Panagiotis; Murray, Tomás E; Husemann, Martin; Ayala, Ricardo; Moo-Valle, Humberto; Vandame, Rémy; Paxton, Robert J

    2017-12-01

    Traditional tropical agriculture often entails a form of slash-and-burn land management that may adversely affect ecosystem services such as pollination, which are required for successful crop yields. The Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico has a >4000 year history of traditional slash-and-burn agriculture, termed 'milpa'. Hot 'Habanero' chilli is a major pollinator-dependent crop that nowadays is often grown in monoculture within the milpa system.We studied 37 local farmers' chilli fields (sites) to evaluate the effects of landscape composition on bee communities. At 11 of these sites, we undertook experimental pollination treatments to quantify the pollination of chilli. We further explored the relationships between landscape composition, bee communities and pollination service provision to chilli.Bee species richness, particularly species of the family Apidae, was positively related to the amount of forest cover. Species diversity decreased with increasing proportion of crop land surrounding each sampling site. Sweat bees of the genus Lasioglossum were the most abundant bee taxon in chilli fields and, in contrast to other bee species, increased in abundance with the proportion of fallow land, gardens and pastures which are an integral part of the milpa system.There was an average pollination shortfall of 21% for chilli across all sites; yet the shortfall was unrelated to the proportion of land covered by crops. Rather, chilli pollination was positively related to the abundance of Lasioglossum bees, probably an important pollinator of chilli, as well indirectly to the proportion of fallow land, gardens and pastures that promote Lasioglossum abundance. Synthesis and applications . Current, low-intensity traditional slash-and-burn ( milpa ) agriculture provides Lasioglossum spp. pollinators for successful chilli production; fallow land, gardens and pasture therefore need to be valued as important habitats for these and related ground-nesting bee species. However, the negative impact of agriculture on total bee species diversity highlights how agricultural intensification is likely to reduce pollination services to crops, including chilli. Indeed, natural forest cover is vital in tropical Yucatán to maintain a rich assemblage of bee species and the provision of pollination services for diverse crops and wild flowers.

  15. 19 CFR 132.5 - Merchandise imported in excess of quota quantities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... quantities. (a) Absolute quota merchandise. Absolute quota merchandise imported in excess of the quantity... merchandise. Merchandise imported in excess of either an absolute or a tariff-rate quota may be held for the...

  16. 19 CFR 132.5 - Merchandise imported in excess of quota quantities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... quantities. (a) Absolute quota merchandise. Absolute quota merchandise imported in excess of the quantity... merchandise. Merchandise imported in excess of either an absolute or a tariff-rate quota may be held for the...

  17. Slash prediction: a test in commercial thinnings in northeasrern California

    Treesearch

    C. Phillip Weatherspoon; Gary O. Fiddler

    1984-01-01

    Two slash prediction handbooks commonly used in California do not use data from California. To test predictions of the handbooks in northeastern California, logging residues from commercially thinned young-growth stands were surveyed. Measured residues were compared to handbook predictions. Species represented were ponderosa pine, California white fir, California red...

  18. 40 CFR 63.4281 - Am I subject to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., sheets, tents, threads and V-belts. The coating and printing subcategory includes any fabric or other... subcategory includes any operation with slashing operations as defined in § 63.4371. In the slashing process... threads. (b) You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a new, reconstructed, or existing...

  19. 40 CFR 63.4281 - Am I subject to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ..., sheets, tents, threads and V-belts. The coating and printing subcategory includes any fabric or other... subcategory includes any operation with slashing operations as defined in § 63.4371. In the slashing process... threads. (b) You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a new, reconstructed, or existing...

  20. Species comparison of the physical properties of loblolly and slash pine wood and bark

    Treesearch

    Thomas L. Eberhardt; Joseph Dahlen; Laurence Schimleck

    2017-01-01

    Composition of the southern pine forest is now predominated by two species, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), owing to fire suppression activities, natural regeneration on abandoned agricultural lands, and extensive planting. Comparison of the wood and bark physical properties of these...

  1. Defoliation effects on growth and mortality of three young southern pine species

    Treesearch

    David R. Weise; Dale D. Wade; Ragnar W. Johansen; Haiganoush K. Preisler; David C. Combs; Edward E. Ach

    2016-01-01

    Foliage from loblolly (Pinus taeda L.), slash (P. elliottii Engelm.), and longleaf (P. palustris Mill.) pines was hand plucked to isolate the effects of level and timing of foliage removal on growth and mortality. Slash and loblolly pine received one of five defoliation treatments during one of four months...

  2. Genetic recombinational and physical linkage analyses on slash pine

    Treesearch

    Rob Doudrick

    1996-01-01

    Slash pine is native to the southeastern USA, but is commercially valuable world-wide as a timber-,fiber- and resin-producing species. Breeding objectives emphasize selection for fusiform rust disease resistance. Identification of markers linked to genetic factors conditioning specificity should expand our knowledge of disease development. Towards this end, random...

  3. Spacing and slash pine quality timber prodution

    Treesearch

    Frank A. Bennett

    1969-01-01

    Cubic volume production as related to spacing in planted slash pine (Pinus etliottii var. elliottii) is well understood. Yield increases as number of surviving trees per acre increases, although at a diminishing rate after a certain point. It is also well known that wider spacings, 200 to 400 trees per acre, are necessary for...

  4. Moisture Content Influences Ignitability of Slash Pine Litter

    Treesearch

    Winfred H. Blackmarr

    1972-01-01

    The influence of moisture content on the ignitability of slash pine litter was measured by dropping lighted matches onto fuel beds conditioned to different levels of moisture content.The percentage of matches igniting the fuel bed was used to indicate ignition probability at each moisture content. The "critical range" of fuel moisture contents within which...

  5. Preparing sites for pine plantings in South Florida

    Treesearch

    James W. McMinn

    1969-01-01

    Typical slash pine and South Florida slash pine were planted on prepared flatwoods sites at three Florida locations. Site preparation treatments were burning, strip-chopping, double-chopping, clearing, and bedding. Results through the fifth year show that bedding provided the most favorable site for early growth, and that properly planted seedlings survived no better...

  6. Decline in Values of Slash Pine Stands Infected with Fusiform Rust

    Treesearch

    F.E. Bridgwater; W.D. Smith

    2002-01-01

    Losses in product values due tofusiform rust, caused by Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme, were estimated from four, 2.5-yr-old slash pine, Pinus elliotii Engelm., plantations planted in southern Mississippi over a range of sites with different growth potential and expected rust infection levels. The...

  7. Pine growth and plant community response to chemical vs. mechanical site preparation for establishing loblolly and slash pine

    Treesearch

    James H. Miller; Zhijuan Qiu

    1995-01-01

    Chemical and mechanical site preparation methods were studied for establishing loblolly (Pinus taeda L) and slash (P. elliottii var. elliottii Engelm.) pine following both integrated fuelwood-pulpwood harvesting and conventional whole-tree harvesting of pines and hardwoods in southem Alabama's Middle Coastal...

  8. An Integrated Approach Toward Reducing Losses from Fusiform Rust in Merchantable Slash and Loblolly Pine Plantations

    Treesearch

    Roger P. Belanger; Thomas Miller; Stanley J. Zarnoch; Stephen W. Fraedrich; John F. Godbee

    2000-01-01

    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the selective thinning of trees with rust galls as a means of reducing losses to the fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) disease in merchantable slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and...

  9. Heritability and Seasonal Changes in Viscosity of Slash Pine Oleoresin

    Treesearch

    Robert D. McReynolds

    1971-01-01

    Oleoresin viscosity was measured in slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) trees of known genetic origin over a 1-year period. A strong broad-sense heritability of this trait was found. Seasonal variation followed a definite pattern, with the highest viscosities occurring in early spring and a gradual decline occurring in...

  10. Small topographic differences affect slash pine response to site preparation and fertilization

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood

    1983-01-01

    On a Wrightsville-Vidrine silt loam flatwoods in southwest Louisiana, six-year-old slash pines (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) planted on the better drained Vidrine-pimple mounds Vidrine-like ridges were nearly four times larger than pines planted in the poorly drained Wrightsville depressions. Site preperation treatments...

  11. Adjusting slash pine growth and yield for silvicultural treatments

    Treesearch

    Stephen R. Logan; Barry D. Shiver

    2006-01-01

    With intensive silvicultural treatments such as fertilization and competition control now commonplace in today's slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations, a method to adjust current growth and yield models is required to accurately account for yield increases due to these practices. Some commonly used ad-hoc methods, such as raising site...

  12. Logging slash flammability

    Treesearch

    George R. Fahnestock

    1960-01-01

    Some of the most disastrous forest fires in North American history burned in slash left from logging and land clearing. In the era before organized fire control, the names Miramichi, Peshtigo, Hinckley, and Cloquet stand for millions of acres blackened and thousands of lives snuffed out. More recently the Half Moon Fire in Montana, the Tillamook Fire in Oregon, the...

  13. Comparing Alternative Slashing Techniques on a Mixed Hardwood Forest: 2-Year Results

    Treesearch

    Donald G. Hodges; Richard M. Evans; Wayne K. Clatterbuck

    2002-01-01

    Regenerating commercially important species following the harvest of an existing mixed hardwood stand requires adequate advance regeneration of the desired species and control of competing vegetation. These objectives can be achieved by removing the noncommercial stems before or after harvesting. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of pre- and post...

  14. Practicalities of methodologies in monitoring morest degradation in the tropics

    Treesearch

    Yoshiyuki Kiyono

    2013-01-01

    Conversion of natural forest to agricultural land is one of the most important forms of land-use change affecting both carbon stock and biodiversity. When the agricultural land contains trees, e.g. fallow-land forest of slash-and-burn agriculture, the conversion can be categorized into forest degradation when the forest definition covers such vegetation. One practical...

  15. 46 CFR 520.7 - Tariff limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tariff limitations. 520.7 Section 520.7 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE CARRIER AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.7 Tariff limitations. (a) General. Tariffs published pursuant to this part shall: (1) Be clear and...

  16. Tropical soils degraded by slash-and-burn cultivation can be recultivated when amended with ashes and compost.

    PubMed

    Gay-des-Combes, Justine Marie; Sanz Carrillo, Clara; Robroek, Bjorn Jozef Maria; Jassey, Vincent Eric Jules; Mills, Robert Thomas Edmund; Arif, Muhammad Saleem; Falquet, Leia; Frossard, Emmanuel; Buttler, Alexandre

    2017-07-01

    In many tropical regions, slash-and-burn agriculture is considered as a driver of deforestation; the forest is converted into agricultural land by cutting and burning the trees. However, the fields are abandoned after few years because of yield decrease and weed invasion. Consequently, new surfaces are regularly cleared from the primary forest. We propose a reclamation strategy for abandoned fields allowing and sustaining re-cultivation. In the dry region of south-western Madagascar, we tested, according to a split-plot design, an alternative selective slash-and-burn cultivation technique coupled with compost amendment on 30-year-old abandoned fields. Corn plants ( Zea mays L.) were grown on four different types of soil amendments: no amendment (control), compost, ashes (as in traditional slash-and-burn cultivation), and compost + ashes additions. Furthermore, two tree cover treatments were applied: 0% tree cover (as in traditional slash-and-burn cultivation) and 50% tree cover (selective slash-and-burn). Both corn growth and soil fertility parameters were monitored during the growing season 2015 up to final harvest. The amendment compost + ashes strongly increased corn yield, which was multiplied by 4-5 in comparison with ashes or compost alone, reaching 1.5 t/ha compared to 0.25 and 0.35 t/ha for ashes and compost, respectively. On control plots, yield was negligible as expected on these degraded soils. Structural equation modeling evidenced that compost and ashes were complementary fertilizing pathways promoting soil fertility through positive effects on soil moisture, pH, organic matter, and microbial activity. Concerning the tree cover treatment, yield was reduced on shaded plots (50% tree cover) compared to sunny plots (0% tree cover) for all soil amendments, except ashes. To conclude, our results provide empirical evidence on the potential of recultivating tropical degraded soils with compost and ashes. This would help mitigating deforestation of the primary forest by increasing lifespan of agricultural lands.

  17. 49 CFR 1312.8 - Identification of tariff publication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Identification of tariff publication. 1312.8... THE PUBLICATION, POSTING AND FILING OF TARIFFS FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF PROPERTY BY OR WITH A WATER CARRIER IN NONCONTIGUOUS DOMESTIC TRADE § 1312.8 Identification of tariff publication. (a) Every tariff...

  18. 14 CFR 399.35 - Special tariff permission.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Special tariff permission. (a) Definition. As used in this section, to grant STP means to approve a carrier's application for Special Tariff Permission to file a tariff on less than the statutory notice set... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special tariff permission. 399.35 Section...

  19. 14 CFR 221.120 - Grounds for approving or denying Special Tariff Permission applications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Tariff Permission applications. 221.120 Section 221.120 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY... approving applications for Special Tariff Permission to file on less than statutory notice the tariff changes necessary to correct such errors. Each application for Special Tariff Permission based on such...

  20. 49 CFR 1312.8 - Identification of tariff publication.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Identification of tariff publication. 1312.8... THE PUBLICATION, POSTING AND FILING OF TARIFFS FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF PROPERTY BY OR WITH A WATER CARRIER IN NONCONTIGUOUS DOMESTIC TRADE § 1312.8 Identification of tariff publication. (a) Every tariff...

  1. 18 CFR 341.3 - Form of tariff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... to which the tariff is issued; (vi) The issue date, which must be shown on the lower left side, and...] New + [N] (ii) Reissued items must include in the square or brackets the number of the tariff... prior tariff publication, the new tariff publication must indicate the cancellation. If such omissions...

  2. 18 CFR 341.3 - Form of tariff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... to which the tariff is issued; (vi) The issue date, which must be shown on the lower left side, and...] New + [N] (ii) Reissued items must include in the square or brackets the number of the tariff... prior tariff publication, the new tariff publication must indicate the cancellation. If such omissions...

  3. 14 CFR 221.212 - Special tariff permission.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... electronic submission. Such paper submission shall be in the form of a revised tariff page rather than as a separate request for Special Tariff Permission. All material being submitted on a paper tariff page as part of an electronic submission will clearly indicate the portion(s) of such tariff page that is being...

  4. 46 CFR 520.4 - Tariff contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tariff contents. 520.4 Section 520.4 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE CARRIER AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.4 Tariff contents. (a) General. Tariffs published pursuant to this part shall: (1) State the places between which cargo will be carried; (2)...

  5. 46 CFR 520.4 - Tariff contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Tariff contents. 520.4 Section 520.4 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE CARRIER AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.4 Tariff contents. (a) General. Tariffs published pursuant to this part shall: (1) State the places between which cargo will be carried; (2)...

  6. 46 CFR 520.4 - Tariff contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Tariff contents. 520.4 Section 520.4 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE CARRIER AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.4 Tariff contents. (a) General. Tariffs published pursuant to this part shall: (1) State the places between which cargo will be carried; (2)...

  7. 78 FR 32090 - Filing, Indexing, and Service Requirements for Oil Pipelines

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-29

    ...-ministerial tariff changes without filing to withdraw any pending proposal and making a new tariff filing... current rates and the proposed ``new'' rates in a cover letter when making a tariff change and oil... that all tariffs and tariff revisions and rate change applications for oil pipelines and other...

  8. 46 CFR 520.4 - Tariff contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Tariff contents. 520.4 Section 520.4 Shipping FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION REGULATIONS AFFECTING OCEAN SHIPPING IN FOREIGN COMMERCE CARRIER AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.4 Tariff contents. (a) General. Tariffs published pursuant to this part shall: (1) State the places between which cargo will be carried; (2)...

  9. 18 CFR 154.3 - Effective tariff.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Conditions § 154.3 Effective tariff. (a) The effective tariff of a natural gas company is the tariff filed pursuant to the requirements of this part, and permitted by the Commission to become effective. A natural... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Effective tariff. 154.3...

  10. 18 CFR 341.9 - Index of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Index of tariffs. 341.9... SUBJECT TO SECTION 6 OF THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT § 341.9 Index of tariffs. (a) In general. Each carrier must publish as a separate tariff publication under its FERC Tariff numbering system, a complete index...

  11. 14 CFR 221.122 - Special Tariff Permission to be used in its entirety as granted.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... extensive or different permission is desired, a new application for Special Tariff Permission conforming... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Tariff Permission to be used in its... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Special Tariff Permission To File on Less Than...

  12. 75 FR 82382 - Electronic Tariff Filings; Notice of Technical Conference

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-30

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. RM01-5-000] Electronic... electronic filing of tariff and tariff related materials pursuant to Order No. 714.\\1\\ The technical... implementation of eTariff. \\1\\ Electronic Tariff Filings, Order No. 714, 73 FR 57,515 (Oct. 3, 2008), 124 FERC...

  13. Vegetation recovery in slash-pile scars following conifer removal in a grassland-restoration experiment

    Treesearch

    Charles B. Halpern; Joseph A. Antos; Liam M. Beckman

    2014-01-01

    A principal challenge to restoring tree-invaded grasslands is the removal of woody biomass. Burning of slash piles to reduce woody residues from forest restoration practices generates intense, prolonged heating, with adverse effects on soils and vegetation. In this study, we examined vegetation responses to pile burning following tree removal from conifer-invaded...

  14. Cubic Foot Volume Tables for Slash Pine Plantations of the Middle Coastal Plain of Georgia and the Carolina Sandhills

    Treesearch

    C.E. McGee; F.A. Bennett

    1959-01-01

    Proper management of any timber species or type requires valid estimates of volume from time to time. Tables 1 and 2 were constructed to meet this need for the expanding area of slash pine plantations in the middle coastal plain of Georgia and the Carolina Sandhills.

  15. Producing high-quality slash pine seeds

    Treesearch

    James Barnett; Sue Varela

    2003-01-01

    Slash pine is a desirable species. It serves many purposes and is well adapted to poorly drained flatwoods and seasonally flooded areas along the lower Coastal Plain of the Southeastern US. The use of high-quality seeds has been shown to produce uniform seedlings for outplanting, which is key to silvicultural success along the Coastal Plain and elsewhere. We present...

  16. Responses of Young Slash Pine on Poorly Drained to Somewhat Poorly Drained Silt Loam Soils to Site Preparation and Fertilization Treatments

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood

    1995-01-01

    Slash pines (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) were planted on poorly drained Wrightsville and somewhat poorly drained Vidrine silt loam soils in southwest Louisiana. Neither flat disking nor bedding increased pine growth and yield substantially after nine growing seasons, but broadcast application of triple superphoshate...

  17. Loblolly pine and slash pine responses to acute aluminum and acid exposures

    Treesearch

    Jaroslaw Nowak; Alexander L. Friend

    2006-01-01

    In response to concerns about aluminum and HCl exposure associated with rocket motor testing and launches, survival and growth of full-sib families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) were evaluated in a nursery bed experiment. Each species was exposed to a single soil application of aluminum...

  18. Tree thinning treatments alter soil properties, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and understory plant communities

    Treesearch

    Suzanne M. Neal

    2007-01-01

    Forest management practices designed to reduce fire risk, particularly thinning followed by burning slash piles, can cause below ground disturbance that creates favorable conditions for exotic plant species. Newer fuel-reduction methods, such as mechanical mastication are being examined as potential alternatives to the burning of slash piles. We compared soil...

  19. Herbicide comparions for mid-rotation competition release in loblolly and slash pine

    Treesearch

    Alan B. Wilson; William N. Kline; Barry D. Shiver

    2006-01-01

    In October, 2002, different combinations of herbicides (Arsenal®, Chopper®, and Forestry Garlon® 4) were applied with a tank-mounted skidder, in an experiment to evaluate their effectiveness for controlling competing vegetation in the understory of a 16-year-old loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.)...

  20. Diameter Growth 0f a Slash Pine Spacing Study Five Years After Being Thinned to a Constant Stand Density Index

    Treesearch

    Jamie C. Schexnayder; Thomas J. Dean; V. Clark Baldwin

    2002-01-01

    Abstract - In 1994, a 17-year old, slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) spacing study was thinned to evaluate the influence of prethinning stand conditions on diameter growth after thinning. Diameter growth and crown dimensions measured just prior to thinning showed that diameter growth was positively...

  1. Estimating Slash Quantity from Standing Loblolly Pine

    Treesearch

    Dale D. Wade

    1969-01-01

    No significant difference were found between variances of two prediction equations for estimating loblolly pine crown weight from diameter breast height (d.b.h). One equation was developed from trees on the Georgia Piedmont and the other from tress on the South Carolina Coastal Plain. An equation and table are presented for estimating loblolly pine slash weights from...

  2. Fiber length - fiber strength interrelationship for slash pine and its effect on pulp-sheet properties

    Treesearch

    F.F. Wangaard; George E. Woodson

    1972-01-01

    Based on a model developed for hardwood fiber strength-pulp property relationships, multiple-regression equations involving fiber strength, fiber length, and sheet density were determined to predict the properties of kraft pulps of slash pine (Pinus elliottii). Regressions for breaking length and burst factor accounted for 88 and 90 percent,...

  3. Fiber length strength interrelationship for slash pine and its effect on pulp-sheet properties

    Treesearch

    F. G. Wangaard; G. E. Woodson

    1973-01-01

    Based on a model developed for hardwood fiber strength-pulp property relationships, multiple-regression equations involving fiber strength, fiber length, and sheet density were determined to predict the properties of kraft pulps of slash pine (Pinus elliottii). Regressions for breaking length and burst factor accounted for 88 and 90 percent,...

  4. Slash fire atmospheric pollution.

    Treesearch

    Leo Fritschen; Harley Bovee; Konrad Buettner; Robert Charlson; Lee Monteith; Stewart Pickford; James. Murphy

    1970-01-01

    In the Pacific Northwest, as in many other parts of the country, burning is the standard method for disposal of undesirable waste including logging debris and agricultural residue. About 81,000 hectares (200,000 acres) of logging slash are burned annually west of the Cascade Range in the States of Washington and Oregon. In addition, 101,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of...

  5. Effect of slash burning on soil pH.

    Treesearch

    Robert F. Tarrant

    1954-01-01

    Evaluating the effects of slash burning on regeneration and tree growth is one of the most pressing forest soil problems in the Douglas-fir region. Extensive literature concerning burning and soils is available for other parts of the world, but conclusions are not directly applicable to the Pacific Northwest. Here several studies are under way or planned to determine...

  6. Aluminum fractions in root tips of slash pine and loblolly pine families differing in Al resistance

    Treesearch

    Jaroslaw Nowak; Alexander L. Friend

    2005-01-01

    Aluminum (Al) distribution among several cellular fractions was investigated in root tips of seedlings of one Al-resistant and one Al-sensitive family of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) grown in nutrient solution containing 100 M AlCl3 (pH 4) for 167 h....

  7. Soil reaction and germination of Douglas-fir seed.

    Treesearch

    Robert F. Tarrant

    1954-01-01

    Wood ash and its accompanying alkalinity have sometimes been cited as being harmful to germination of tree seed on slash-burned forest land. Unasylva, the United Nations forestry publication, recently carried a report of research in British Columbia on the effect of slash burning on germination and initial survival of lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir. One finding was...

  8. Primary wood-products industries in the lower south

    Treesearch

    H.F. Smith

    1940-01-01

    The region' covered by the Forest Survey in the lower South embraces the commercially timbered areas of the Gulf States, Georgia, and parts of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Nissouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky. 17 This region is divided into four subregions, the longleaf-slash pine, the delta-hardwoods, "and two pine-hardwood areas, 'east and west. The longleaf-slash...

  9. Season for Direct Seeding Slash Pine in the Middle and Upper Coastal Plains of Georgia

    Treesearch

    Earle P. Jones

    1971-01-01

    Repellent-treated seed of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) were sown at eight monthly dates from November to June for 5 years in Dooly County, Georgia. Observations of seedlings indicated that germination, survival, and first-year establishment were superior on plots planted in November through April. Slow...

  10. Differential Response of Slash Pine Families to Drought

    Treesearch

    Robert P. Schultz; Lawrence P. Wilhite

    1969-01-01

    First-year survival and growth of superior and commercial slash pine seedlings, grown on both high and low beds, were compared on a typical north Florida flatwoods site. Average survival of the commercial seedlings was 80 percent, and that of the superior seedlings was 60 percent. Four of the fourteen superior families survived better than did the commercial seedlings...

  11. Planted Pines do not Respond to Bedding on an Acadia-Beauregard-Kolin Silt Loam Site

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood

    1980-01-01

    Average height and volume of loblolly and slash pines were not affected by site treatment or soil differences 15 years after planting on an Acadia-Beauregard-Kolin silt loam site. Slash pine averaged 2.04 m more in height and yielded 22 percent more volume per hectare than did loblolly pine.

  12. Alley Cropping: An Alternative to Slash and Burn in the Slopelands of the Mizo Hills

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sailo, Andrew

    2011-01-01

    Population pressure in the Mizo Hills, a small mountainous region in northeast India, has shortened fallow periods of slash-and-burn (S&B) plots substantially, making its practice unsustainable. Conventional farming and modern technology cannot be applied in this remote tropical region due to its topography; hence, most farmers continue…

  13. An economic comparison of slash and loblolly pine under various levels of management in the lower Atlantic and gulf coastal plain

    Treesearch

    E. David Dickens; Coleman W. Dangerfield; David J. Moorhead

    2006-01-01

    Nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners have perceived reduced product market availability and increased price uncertainty since late 1997 in the southeastern United States. Lower Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain NIPF landowners seek management options utilizing two commonly available pine species, loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash (...

  14. RAPD linkage mapping in a longleaf pine × slash pine F1 family

    Treesearch

    Thomas L. Kubisiak; C. Dana. Nelson; W.L. Nance; M. Stine

    1995-01-01

    Random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) were used to construct linkage maps of the parents of a longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englm.) F1 family. A total of 247 segregating loci [233 (1:1), 14 (3:1)] and 87 polymorphic (between-parents), but non-segregating, loci were...

  15. Modeling the size-density relationship in direct-seeded slash pine stands

    Treesearch

    Quang V. Cao; Thomas J. Dean; V. Clark Baldwin

    2000-01-01

    The relationship between quadratic mean diameter and tree density appeared curvilinear on a log–log scale, based on data from direct-seeded slash pine (Pinus elliotti var. elliotti Engelm.) stands. The self-thinning trajectory followed a straight line for high tree density levels and then turned away from this line as tree density...

  16. Comparing methods of artificially regenerating loblolly and slash pines: container planting, bareroot planting, and spot seeding

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood; James P Barnett

    1994-01-01

    In central Louisiana, loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash (P. elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii,) pines were artificially regenerated by three methods: (1)planting 14-week-old container stock, (2)planting 1+0 bareroot stock, and (3)spot seeding. A common seed source was use for each species for all regeneration...

  17. 18 CFR 154.603 - Adoption of the tariff by a successor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Adoption of the tariff by a successor. 154.603 Section 154.603 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... Other Tariff Changes § 154.603 Adoption of the tariff by a successor. Whenever the tariff or contracts...

  18. 18 CFR 154.603 - Adoption of the tariff by a successor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Adoption of the tariff by a successor. 154.603 Section 154.603 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... Other Tariff Changes § 154.603 Adoption of the tariff by a successor. Whenever the tariff or contracts...

  19. 18 CFR 154.603 - Adoption of the tariff by a successor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Adoption of the tariff by a successor. 154.603 Section 154.603 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... Other Tariff Changes § 154.603 Adoption of the tariff by a successor. Whenever the tariff or contracts...

  20. 18 CFR 154.603 - Adoption of the tariff by a successor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Adoption of the tariff by a successor. 154.603 Section 154.603 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... Other Tariff Changes § 154.603 Adoption of the tariff by a successor. Whenever the tariff or contracts...

  1. 18 CFR 154.208 - Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties. 154.208 Section 154.208 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Procedures for Changing Tariffs § 154.208 Service of tariff filings on customers and...

  2. 18 CFR 154.603 - Adoption of the tariff by a successor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Adoption of the tariff by a successor. 154.603 Section 154.603 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... Other Tariff Changes § 154.603 Adoption of the tariff by a successor. Whenever the tariff or contracts...

  3. 18 CFR 154.208 - Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties. 154.208 Section 154.208 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Procedures for Changing Tariffs § 154.208 Service of tariff filings on customers and...

  4. 18 CFR 154.208 - Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties. 154.208 Section 154.208 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Procedures for Changing Tariffs § 154.208 Service of tariff filings on customers and...

  5. 18 CFR 154.208 - Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties. 154.208 Section 154.208 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Procedures for Changing Tariffs § 154.208 Service of tariff filings on customers and...

  6. 19 CFR 10.763 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... RATE, ETC. United States-Morocco Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.763 Filing of claim for... the method specified for equivalent reporting via an authorized electronic data interchange system. ...

  7. 19 CFR 10.803 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... RATE, ETC. United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.803 Filing of claim for... the method specified for equivalent reporting via an authorized electronic data interchange system. ...

  8. Participatory environmental governance in China: public hearings on urban water tariff setting.

    PubMed

    Zhong, Li-Jin; Mol, Arthur P J

    2008-09-01

    In the late 1990s China started to expand its market economic reform to the public sector, such as water services. This reform led to major changes in urban water management, including water tariff management. The reforms in water tariff management relate not only to tariffs, but also to the decision-making on tariffs. Water tariff decision-making seems to move away from China's conventional mode of highly centralized and bureaucratic policy- and decision-making. The legalization, institutionalization and performance of public hearings in water tariff management forms a crucial innovation in this respect. This article analyzes the emergence, development and current functioning of public hearings in water tariff setting, and assesses to what extent public hearings are part of a turning point in China's tradition of centralized bureaucratic decision-making, towards more transparent, decentralized and participative governance.

  9. A Simultaneous Density-Integral System for Estimating Stem Profile and Biomass: Slash Pine and Willow Oak

    Treesearch

    Bernard R. Parresol; Charles E. Thomas

    1996-01-01

    In the wood utilization industry, both stem profile and biomass are important quantities. The two have traditionally been estimated separately. The introduction of a density-integral method allows for coincident estimation of stem profile and biomass, based on the calculus of mass theory, and provides an alternative to weight-ratio methodology. In the initial...

  10. Modeling soil heating and moisture transport under extreme conditions: Forest fires and slash pile burns

    Treesearch

    W. J. Massman

    2012-01-01

    Heating any soil during a sufficiently intense wildfire or prescribed burn can alter it irreversibly, causing many significant, long-term biological, chemical, and hydrological effects. Given the climate-change-driven increasing probability of wildfires and the increasing use of prescribed burns by land managers, it is important to better understand the dynamics of the...

  11. Promoting soft mast for wildlife in intensively managed forests

    Treesearch

    John J. Stransky; John H. Roese

    1984-01-01

    The fruit of woody plants is important as food for wildlife (Martin et al. 1951, Lay 1965). The relation of fruit production to southern forest stand conditions has been explored in only a few studies. Fruit production is greater in forest clearings than in closed forest stands (Lay 1966, Elalls and Alcaniz 1968). In Georgia slash pine (Pinus elliottii...

  12. 76 FR 46267 - Increase in Fiscal Year 2011 Specialty Sugar Tariff-Rate Quota; Determination of Total Amounts of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-02

    ... Tariff-Rate Quota; Determination of Total Amounts of Fiscal Year 2012 Tariff-Rate Quotas for Raw Cane... Raw Sugar Tariff- Rate Quota AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The... year (FY) 2011 specialty sugar tariff-rate quota (TRQ) of 9,072 metric tons raw value (MTRV). The...

  13. Global effects of accelerated tariff liberalization in the forest products sector to 2010.

    Treesearch

    Shushuai Zhu; Joseph Buongiorno; David J. Brooks

    2002-01-01

    This study projects the effects of tariff elimination on the world sector. Projections were done for two scenarios: (1) progressive tariff elimination according to the schedule agreed to under the current General Agreement on Tariff or Trade (GATT) and (2) complete elimination of tariff on wood products as proposed within the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)...

  14. 14 CFR 399.40 - Tariffs for domestic air transportation on or after January 1, 1983.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Tariffs for domestic air transportation on... Relating to Rates and Tariffs § 399.40 Tariffs for domestic air transportation on or after January 1, 1983. The Board will not approve or accept any tariff filings for interstate of overseas air transportation...

  15. AmeriFlux US-KS1 Kennedy Space Center (slash pine)

    DOE Data Explorer

    Drake, Bert [Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; Hinkle, Ross [University of Central Florida

    2016-01-01

    This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-KS1 Kennedy Space Center (slash pine). Site Description - The Kennedy Space Center Slash Pine Flatwoods site is located in the Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on the east coast of central Florida. Occupying 310 ha of local forest, the slash pine flatwoods ecosystem is managed as an uneven-aged stand with a sparsely populated overstory and a dense oak-dominated understory. Disturbances tend to occur on a 7 to 10 year cycle, mostly related to fire or hurricane activity. Prescribed fires have been conducted since 1969 to control understory fuel. The most recent burn was conducted in February of 1995. Following the burn, the stand was allowed to naturally regenerate into a open canopy of slash pines, less than 15% of canopy coverage ( on the order of 15-30 trees per ha), with a understory mostly composed of saw palmetto and scrub oak. There was a seasonally wet swale to the southeast that was on the margin of the flux tower footprint. A severe drought gripped most of Florida beginning in 1998 until the later half of 2001 resulting in four years of relatively low annual precipitation totals. Exceptionally high annual rainfall amounts in 2004 were the result of a pair of hurricanes that hit the area in August and September of 2004. Wind directions for the site are as follows: W and NW in the winter, afternoon E sea breeze in the summer.

  16. 14 CFR 221.92 - Number of copies required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Filing Tariff Publications With Department § 221.92 Number of copies required. Two copies of each paper tariff, tariff revision and adoption notice to be filed shall be sent to...

  17. 15 CFR 2011.201 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.201 General. This subpart sets forth the terms and conditions under which certificates will be issued to U.S. importers for importing specialty sugars from specialty sugar source countries...

  18. 15 CFR 2011.201 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.201 General. This subpart sets forth the terms and conditions under which certificates will be issued to U.S. importers for importing specialty sugars from specialty sugar source countries...

  19. 15 CFR 2011.201 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.201 General. This subpart sets forth the terms and conditions under which certificates will be issued to U.S. importers for importing specialty sugars from specialty sugar source countries...

  20. 15 CFR 2011.201 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.201 General. This subpart sets forth the terms and conditions under which certificates will be issued to U.S. importers for importing specialty sugars from specialty sugar source countries...

  1. Promising Resistance to Fusiform Rust from Southeastern Slash Pines

    Treesearch

    Charles H. Walkinshaw

    1999-01-01

    Two hundred twenty-four disease-free slash pines with good growth and form were tested for rust resistance. Trees in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi were selected. After artificial inoculations, a low percentage of open-pollinated progeny of 32 selected trees had galls. In progeny from six of those, the number of gall-resistant trees increased from 50 to...

  2. Soil carbon and soil physical properties response to incorporating mulched forest slash

    Treesearch

    Felipe G. Sanchez; Emily A. Carter; John. F. Klepac

    2000-01-01

    A study was installed in the Lower Coastal Plain near Washington, NC, to test the hypothesis that incorporating organic matter in the form of comminuted forest slash would increase soil carbon and nutrient pools, and alter soil physical properties to favor pine growth. Two sites were selected, an organic and a mineral site, to compare the treatment effects on...

  3. Bedding and Fertilization Influence on Slash Pine Development in the Florida Sandhills

    Treesearch

    James B. Baker

    1973-01-01

    A field study on the infertile and droughty Lakeland sands of west Florida indicated that bedding or fertilization (134 kg P /ha as ordinary superphosphate and 90 kg N/ha as ammonium nitrate) or both increased early growth of planted slash pine ( Engelm.). Throughout the 6-year study, best growth was obtained when the treatments were...

  4. Recovery of small pile burn scars in conifer forests of the Colorado Front Range

    Treesearch

    Charles C. Rhoades; Paula J. Fornwalt; Mark W. Paschke; Amber Shanklin; Jayne L. Jonas

    2015-01-01

    The ecological consequences of slash pile burning are a concern for land managers charged with maintaining forest soil productivity and native plant diversity. Fuel reduction and forest health management projects have created nearly 150,000 slash piles scheduled for burning on US Forest Service land in northern Colorado. The vast majority of these are small piles (

  5. Inherent Variation Among Slash Pine Progenies at the Ida Cason Callaway Foundation

    Treesearch

    John C. Barber

    1964-01-01

    Reported here in detail is information obtained from two open-pollinated progeny tests of slash pine at the Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, Pine Mountain, Georgia. Because of the small amount of similar data available to tree improvement workers, it was decided to include as much information as possible, even though some of it is too limited for statistical analyses...

  6. Paraquat Induced Changes in Reserve Carbohydrates, Fatty Acids and Oleoresin Content of Young Slash Pines

    Treesearch

    Claud L. Brown; Terry R. Clason; Jerry L. Michael

    1976-01-01

    Paraquat was fed into the terminal leaders of five-year-old slash pine trees and collected at weekly intervals for 4 weeks.Cytological observations showed a decrease in starch levels and a corresponding increase in content of oleoresin. Quantitative analysis indicated a decrease in starch accompanying increases in fatty acids, monoterpenes, and resin acids.

  7. Sprouting of Slash, Loblolly, and Shortleaf Pines Following a Simulated Precommercial Thinning

    Treesearch

    T.E Campbell

    1985-01-01

    To prevent cut stumps of 4- to 7-year-old slash (Pinus elliotiii Engelm.) and loblolly (f. taeda L.) pines from resprouting, precommercial thinnings should be done in late summer at 6 inches or less above the groundline. For shortleaf pine (P. echinata Mill.), late summer and 6 inches or less appears safe but should be delayed...

  8. Strobili and Conelet Losses In Four Species Of Southern Pines

    Treesearch

    B.F. McLemore

    1977-01-01

    In a central Louisiana seed orchard, 27,677 female strobili were tagged on selected clones of 4 pine species (loblolly, slash, shortleaf, and longleaf) over 4 years. Only 41 percent deveioped into cones. Losses were tallied by date and, when possible, by cause. For lobloiiy, differences in losses were significant between years but not among clones. For slash there...

  9. Comparing jack pine slash and forest floor moisture contents and National Fire Danger Rating System predictions.

    Treesearch

    Robert M. Loomis; William A. Main

    1980-01-01

    Relations between certain slash and forest floor moisture contents and the applicable estimated time lag fuel moistures of the National Fire Danger Rating System were investigated for 1-year-old jack pine fuel types in northeastern Minnesota and central Lower Michigan. Only approximate estimates of actual fuel moisture are possible fore the relations determined, thus...

  10. Handbook for predicting slash weight of trees in the Northeast.

    Treesearch

    Duane R. Freeman; Robert M. Loomis; Peter J. Roussopoulos

    1982-01-01

    Tables are provided for estimating tree crown weights based on species and diameters (d.b.h.) for 10 conifer and 9 hardwood species or species groups of the North Central and Northeastern United States. Procedures are given for predicting slash weights resulting from: cutting timber, trampling during logging activities, and defect and breakage left on the site after...

  11. Fusiform Rust Infection of Loblolly and Slash Pines After Artificial Inoculation and Natural Exposure in Plantations

    Treesearch

    Earl R. Sluder; H.R. Powers

    1982-01-01

    Seedlings from progenies of slash and loblolly pines were divided into two groups. One group was exposed to the fusiform rust fungus in greenhouse inoculations by the concentrated basidiospore spray system and the other was exposed to natural infection in field progeny tests. Within families, correlations between percentages of seedlings infected after field and...

  12. Control of Insects in Slash Pine Cones with Trunk Implantations of Bidrin® Systemic Insecticide - First-Year Results

    Treesearch

    Edward P. Merkel

    1969-01-01

    Initial experiments with the implantation of the systemic insecticide Bidrin® into the trunks of slash pines in a seed production area resulted in various degrees of control of coneworms, Dioryctria spp., and the pine seed-worm, Laspeyresia anaronjada Miller, depending on dosage rates and time of application. When applied in early...

  13. Combinations of fungicide and cultural practices influence the incidence and impact of fusiform rust in slash pine plantations

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood; Allan E. Tiarks

    1994-01-01

    Slash pine was grown in central Louisiana under four levels of culture with or without repeated sprayings of the systematic fungicide triadimefon for protection against fusiform rust. The eight treatment combinations were: (1)no fungicide, weed control, or fertilizer; (2)weeded; (3)weeded, applied inorganic fertilizer, and bedded before planting; (4)weeded, bedded,...

  14. Strength reduction in slash pine (Pinus elliotii) wood caused by decay fungi

    Treesearch

    Zhong Yang; Zhehui Jiang; Chung Y. Hse; Todd F. Shupe

    2009-01-01

    Small wood specimens selected from slash pine (Pinus elliotii )trees at three growth rates (fast, medium, and slow) were inoculated with brown-rot and white-rot fungi and then evaluated for work to maximum load (WML), modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE). The experimental variables studied included a brown-rot fungus (Gloeophyllum trabeum...

  15. Development of a stand density index equation for slash pine stands

    Treesearch

    Paul F. Doruska

    2002-01-01

    Stand density index (SDI) is commonly used as the basis for density management guides for even-aged forest stands. Many tree species follow the same self-thinning trajectory, allowing for the use of stand density index in such guides. Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englem.) has been shown to depart from the self-thinning trajectory exhibited by other...

  16. Increases in maximum stream temperatures after slash burning in a small experimental watershed.

    Treesearch

    Al Levno; Jack Rothacher

    1969-01-01

    The first year after slash was burned on a 237-acre clearcut watershed in the Cascade Range of Oregon, average maximum water temperatures increased 13°, 14°, and 12°F, during June, July, and August. A maximum stream temperature of 75°F. persisted for 3 hours on a day in July.

  17. A source strength model for prescribed fires in coniferous logging slash.

    Treesearch

    D.V. Sandberg; Janice Peterson

    1984-01-01

    Emission reduction has become an essential part of the effort to reduce air pollution from forest slash burning. The State of Washington has set a goal of reducing emissions by 35 percent by 1990, leaving the choice of emission reduction techniques to forest managers. Several thousand harvested areas are burned each year in the Northwest, encompassing a wide variety...

  18. Growth of Planted Slash Pine Under Several Thinning Regimes

    Treesearch

    W.F. Mann; Hans G. Enghardt

    1972-01-01

    Three intensities of thinning, each started at 10, 13, and 16 years, were applied to slash pine planted on a highly productive, cutover site in central Louisiana. Over a 9-year period, early and heavy thinnings increased diameter growth but reduced volume growth. The longer initial thinnings were deferred, the slower was the response in diameter growth. Growth on...

  19. Yarding-method and slash-treatment effects on compaction, humus, and variation in plantation soils.

    Treesearch

    Don Minore; Howard G. Weatherly

    1988-01-01

    Soil penetration-resistance and soil-humus frequency were measured on 86 progeny-test plantations in southwestern Oregon to determine the effects of yarding method and slash treatment on soil compaction and humus, and a disturbance index was calculated for each plantation. Compaction and humus loss were more severe on tractor-yarded, machine-piled plantations than on...

  20. Risk assessment with current deployment strategies for fusiform rust-resistant loblolly and slash pines

    Treesearch

    Floyd Bridgwater; Tom Kubisiak; Tom Byram; Steve Mckeand

    2004-01-01

    In the southeastern USA, fusiform rust resistant loblolly and slash pines may be deployed as 1) ulked seed orchard mixes. 2) half-sibling (sib) family mixtures. 3) single half-sib families. 4) full-sib cross seeds or as 6) clones of individual genotypes. These deployment types are respectively greater genetic gains from higher selection intensity. Currently, bulked...

  1. Self-referencing site index equations for unmanaged loblolly and slash pine plantations in east Texas

    Treesearch

    Dean W. Coble; Young-Jin Lee

    2010-01-01

    The Schnute growth function was used in this study to model site index for unmanaged or low-intensity managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda, L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii, Engelm.) plantations in east Texas. The algebraic difference approach was used to derive an anamorphic base-age invariant site function that was fit as a...

  2. Family by environment interactions for loblolly and slash pine plantations in the southeastern United States

    Treesearch

    Brian E. Roth; Eric J. Jokela; Timothy A. Martin; Dudley A. Huber; Timothy L. White

    2010-01-01

    Few studies have quantified the combined effects of silvicultural treatments and genetic improvement on unit area production of full-sib family blocks of loblolly and slash pine. We examined genotype (family) by environmental interactions (G x E) through age five years using a factorial experiment consisting of silvicultural treatment intensity, planting density and...

  3. Logging slash and forest protection.

    Treesearch

    Raphael Zon; Russell N. Cunningham

    1931-01-01

    What to do with the brush after logging? This question has been debated in Wisconsin throughout the entire history of lumbering. In the popular mind, the occurrence of severe forest conflagrations has invariably been associated with the presence of logging slash on the ground. The occurrence of vast forest fires was noted by explorers and fur traders long before...

  4. Specific gravity responses of slash and loblolly pine following mid-rotation fertilization

    Treesearch

    Kimberly R. Love-Myers; Alexander Clark III; Laurence R. Schimleck; Eric J. Jokela; Richard F. Daniels

    2009-01-01

    Wood quality attributes were examined in six stands of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and loblolly pine (P. taeda L.) in the lower Coastal Plain of Georgia and Florida. Several plots comprised each stand, and each plot was divided so that it received three fertilizer treatments: a control treatment with herbaceous weed control at planting...

  5. First-year survival and growth of fertilized slash pine in south Alabama

    Treesearch

    Rebecca Barlow; Luben Dimov; Kris Connor; Mark Smith

    2013-01-01

    Early survival and growth rates are critical to the successful establishment of pine stands. Landowners need options to improve first-year growth on pine stands that will help them meet their land management objectives. One way to improve early stand survival and growth is through fertilization. In January 2008, approximately 5 acres of slash pine (Pinus...

  6. A new type of density-management diagram for slash pine plantations

    Treesearch

    Curtis L. VanderSchaaf

    2006-01-01

    Many Density-Management Diagrams (DMD) have been developed for conifer species throughout the world based on stand density index (SDI). The diagrams often plot the logarithm of average tree size (volume, weight, or quadratic mean diameter) over the logarithm of trees per unit area. A new type of DMD is presented for slash pine (Pinus elliottii var elliottii)...

  7. Assessment of Dominant/Codominant Height Growth for Second Rotation Slash Pine Plantations in South Georgia and North Florida

    Treesearch

    Charles E. Rose; Barry D. Shiver

    2002-01-01

    A slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) successive rotation plantation study was established in 1978-79 for the north Florida and south Georgia fiatwoods. The second rotation duplicated the first rotation seed source, site preparation, planting method, and density. The comparison between the two rotations is based on the mean height differential...

  8. Effects of spring defoliation on first-year growth of young loblolly and slash pines

    Treesearch

    David R. Weise; Ragnar W. Johansen; Dale D. Wade

    1987-01-01

    Partial and complete spring defoliation reduced first-year diameter, height, and volume growth of 4-year-old loblolly and slash pines. Early and late growth differed significantly between defoliation levels (P=0.05). However, the number of height growth flushes produced during the 1986 growing season was not affected by defoliation treatments. No mortality occurred...

  9. Comparison of planted loblolly, longleaf, and slash pine development through 10 growing seasons in central Louisiana--an argument for longleaf pine

    Treesearch

    James D. Haywood; Mary Anne S. Sayer; Shi-Jean Susana Sung

    2015-01-01

    Two studies were established in central Louisiana to compare development of planted loblolly (Pinus taeda L.), longleaf (P. palustris Mill.), and slash (P. elliottii Engelm.) pine. Study 1 was on a Beauregard silt loam, and Study 2 was on Ruston and McKamie fine sandy loams. After 10 growing seasons,...

  10. Comparison of heat transfer and soil impacts of air curtain burner burning and slash pile burning

    Treesearch

    Woongsoon Jang; Deborah S. Page-Dumroese; Han-Sup Han

    2017-01-01

    We measured soil heating and subsequent changes in soil properties between two forest residue disposal methods: slash pile burning (SPB) and air curtain burner (ACB). The ACB consumes fuels more efficiently and safely via blowing air into a burning container. Five burning trials with different fuel sizes were implemented in northern California, USA. Soil temperature...

  11. Buried Organic Layer Affects the Growth of Slash Pine in the Florida Sandhills

    Treesearch

    Edwin A. Hebb

    1980-01-01

    A technique for deep placement of organic matter within the soil, called sublayering, was tested as a means of improving Florida sandhill sites for slash pine (Pinuselliottii var. clliortii Engelm.). Single-tree plots were installed in four treatments: sublayering with peat moss, clearing, clearing plus sublayering, and no treatment.Survival was poor only on the...

  12. Slash pine rootwood in flakeboard

    Treesearch

    E.T. Howard

    1974-01-01

    Flakes 3 Inches along the grain. 3/8-inch wide, and 0.02 inch thick were machined from the taproots (with 6-inch-high stump) and second logs at eight 31-year-old slash pines. Specific gravity (O.D. weight, green volume) of stems averaged 0.52; rootwood averaged 0.43 and decreased sharply with depth below ground. Forty-four-lb./cu. ft. structural-type particleboards...

  13. Precommercial thinning of naturally seeded slash pine increases volume and monetary returns

    Treesearch

    Earle P. Jones

    1977-01-01

    A naturally seeded slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) stand, having up to 50,000 stems per acre, was precommercially thinned at age 3. Two thinning methods left single trees spaced 10 by 10 feet, and clumps of 6 to 8 trees spaced 10 by 10 feet, compared with the unthinned original stand. At age 23, the single-...

  14. High-Gum-Yielding Slash Pines Survive and Grow Well

    Treesearch

    S.V. Kossuth; W.J. Peters; C.R. Gansell

    1982-01-01

    Plantings in Georgia and Florida were established with slash pine seedlings of three genetic types: selections improved for high gum yield (IHGY), selections with improved growth and form (IGF), and commercial stock (CS). Under adverse environmental conditions in Florida, IHGY survived best at age 3, CS next best, and IGF poorest.Survival was more than twice as high in...

  15. District Heating Systems Performance Analyses. Heat Energy Tariff

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ziemele, Jelena; Vigants, Girts; Vitolins, Valdis; Blumberga, Dagnija; Veidenbergs, Ivars

    2014-12-01

    The paper addresses an important element of the European energy sector: the evaluation of district heating (DH) system operations from the standpoint of increasing energy efficiency and increasing the use of renewable energy resources. This has been done by developing a new methodology for the evaluation of the heat tariff. The paper presents an algorithm of this methodology, which includes not only a data base and calculation equation systems, but also an integrated multi-criteria analysis module using MADM/MCDM (Multi-Attribute Decision Making / Multi-Criteria Decision Making) based on TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results of the multi-criteria analysis are used to set the tariff benchmarks. The evaluation methodology has been tested for Latvian heat tariffs, and the obtained results show that only half of heating companies reach a benchmark value equal to 0.5 for the efficiency closeness to the ideal solution indicator. This means that the proposed evaluation methodology would not only allow companies to determine how they perform with regard to the proposed benchmark, but also to identify their need to restructure so that they may reach the level of a low-carbon business.

  16. 14 CFR 221.500 - Transmission of electronic tariffs to subscribers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... to any subscriber to the on-line tariff database, including access to the justification required by... machine-readable data (raw tariff data) of all daily transactions made to its on-line tariff database. The...

  17. 14 CFR 221.500 - Transmission of electronic tariffs to subscribers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... to any subscriber to the on-line tariff database, including access to the justification required by... machine-readable data (raw tariff data) of all daily transactions made to its on-line tariff database. The...

  18. 14 CFR 221.500 - Transmission of electronic tariffs to subscribers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... to any subscriber to the on-line tariff database, including access to the justification required by... machine-readable data (raw tariff data) of all daily transactions made to its on-line tariff database. The...

  19. 14 CFR 221.500 - Transmission of electronic tariffs to subscribers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... to any subscriber to the on-line tariff database, including access to the justification required by... machine-readable data (raw tariff data) of all daily transactions made to its on-line tariff database. The...

  20. Environmental and international tariffs in a mixed duopoly

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio

    2013-10-01

    In this paper, we study the effects of environmental and trade policies in an international mixed duopoly serving two markets, in which the public firm maximizes the sum of consumer surplus and its profit. We also analyse the effects of privatization. The model has two stages. In the first stage, governments choose environmental taxes and import tariffs, simultaneously. Then, the firms engage in a Cournot competition, choosing output levels for the domestic market and to export. We compare the results obtained in the three different ways of moving on the decision make of the firms.

  1. 78 FR 8434 - Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-06

    ..., hand delivery, or courier: Abdelsalam El-Farra, Agricultural Marketing Specialist, Sugar and Dairy...-Farra, Agricultural Marketing Specialist, Sugar and Dairy Branch, Import Programs and Export Reporting..., February 6, 2013 / Proposed Rules#0;#0; [[Page 8434

  2. 49 CFR 1312.6 - Advance notice required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... after filing for all collectively established tariff matter. (2) Seven workdays after filing for independently established increased tariff matter. (3) Upon filing for independently established new tariff matter, independently established reduced tariff matter, the addition or restoration of a carrier's...

  3. 19 CFR 10.583 - Filing of claim for preferential tariff treatment upon importation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... RATE, ETC. Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements... upon importation. 10.583 Section 10.583 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT... prepared by the importer, exporter, or producer of the good; or (2) The importer's knowledge that the good...

  4. Can thinning slash cause a nitrogen deficiency in pumice soils of central Oregon?

    Treesearch

    P.H. Cochran

    1968-01-01

    Decomposition of thinning slash deposited on the soil surface should have no direct adverse effect on the soil nitrogen available to higher plants in the pumice soil region. Decomposition of roots of cut trees would immobilize nitrogen in the soil immediately adjacent to the root during the decomposition period, which appears to be short for the smaller roots. However...

  5. Within and Between Canopy Variabilit of Foliar Nitrogen Concentration for Loblolly and Slash Pine Stands Planted at Different Densities

    Treesearch

    Rodney E. Will; Greg Barron-Gafford; Robert O. Teskey; Barry D. Shiver

    2004-01-01

    Mid-summer foliar nitrogen concentrations (N) were measured at three canopy positions (upper, middle, lower), two foliage ages per canopy position (current-year and 1-year-old), and two flushes per age class (first flush and second flush) in 4-year-old loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) stands...

  6. Soil heating during burning of forest slash piles and wood piles

    Treesearch

    Matt D. Busse; Carol J. Shestak; Ken R. Hubbert

    2013-01-01

    Pile burning of conifer slash is a common fuel reduction practice in forests of the western United States that has a direct, yet poorly quantified effect on soil heating. To address this knowledge gap, we measured the heat pulse beneath hand-built piles ranging widely in fuel composition and pile size in sandy-textured soils of the Lake Tahoe Basin. The soil heat pulse...

  7. Clearcutting and burning slash alter quality of stream water in northern Idaho

    Treesearch

    Gordon G. Snyder; Harold F. Haupt; George H. Belt

    1975-01-01

    In the cedar-hemlock-grand fir ecosystem clearcutting of units of varying size (2.6 to 44 ha) and subsequent disposal of slash by prescribed burning resulted in on-site stream water quality changes. But off-site changes were of less intensity. Two of three clearcut units responded in this manner; a third unit gave different results. The physical and chemical components...

  8. Forest research notes, Pacific Northwest Forest Experiment Station, No. 03, October 30, 1929.

    Treesearch

    1929-01-01

    To obtain definite information which can be used in formulating slash disposal policies, the Pacific Northwest Forest Experiment Station has begun a study of the slash problem in the Douglas fir region. Although there are numerous related but widely different aspects to this study, only one phase is treated in this brief summary, namely, the effect of fire on the...

  9. Foliar nutrient concentrations in balsam fir as affected by soil drainage and methods of slash disposal

    Treesearch

    Miroslaw M. Czapowskyj

    1979-01-01

    Foliar nutrient concentrations in young balsam fir growing on strip clearcuts were assessed in relation to soil drainage and three methods of slash disposal. Concentrations of N, K, and Mn were higher for trees growing on well-drained soils than for trees growing on poorly drained soils. Mo concentrations were higher on poorly drained soils and all other measured...

  10. Machine to harvest slash, brush, and thinnings for fuel and fiber- a concept

    Treesearch

    P. Koch; D.W. McKenzie

    1976-01-01

    It is proposed that biomass from noncommercial thinnings, and from logging slash residual after harvest, be hogged and recovered for fuel and fiber. Such a procedure might yield two dividends of biomass totalling as much as 90,000 kg per ha (40 tons per acre, green weight basis) from each rotation of southern pine. For sites deficient in organic matter, it is...

  11. Intensive Cultural Practices Increase Growth of Juvenile Slash Pine in Florida Sandhills

    Treesearch

    James B. Baker

    1973-01-01

    Growth of slash pine planted on a well-prepared Florida sandhill site and treated with NP fertilizer, irrigation, and weed control (applied singly and in factorial combination) was improved in almost direct proportion to the number of treatments applied. Five years after planting, untreated trees averaged 1.7 m tall, 1.52 cm dbh, and 821 cm³ in stemwood volume...

  12. An old-growth definition for upland longleaf and south Florida slash pine forests, woodlands, and savannas

    Treesearch

    J. Larry Landers; William D. Boyer

    1999-01-01

    Upland longleaf pine forests, woodlands, and savannas once occupied most of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains from southeastern Virginia south through the northern two-thirds of Florida and west to east Texas, with extensions into the Piedmont and mountains of Alabama and northwest Georgia. South Florida slash pine is native to the southern half of peninsular...

  13. Relative Fusiform Rust Resistance of Loblolly and Slash Pine Sources and Families in Georgia and South Carolina

    Treesearch

    E. George Kuhlman; Harry R. Powers; William D. Pepper

    1995-01-01

    Loblolly and slash pine seedlings from the fusiform rust resistant orchards developed cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service and the Georgia Forestry Commission had significantly less rust 7 to 8 years after planting on four of five sites in the Southeastern United States than seedlings of the same species from orchard sources developed primarily for silvicultural...

  14. Managing slash to minimize colonization of residual leave trees by Ips and other bark beetle species following thinning in southwestern ponderosa pine

    Treesearch

    T. DeGomez; C.J. Fettig; J.D. McMillin; J.A. Anhold; C.J. Hayes

    2008-01-01

    Due to high fire hazard and perceived reductions in forest health, thinning of small diameter trees has become a prevalent management activity particularly in dense stands. Creation of large amounts of logging slash, however, has created large quantities of habitat for bark beetles primarily in the Ips genus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae,...

  15. Site Preparation and Fertilization Effects on Growth of Slash Pine for Two Rotations

    Treesearch

    A.E. Tiarks; J.D. Haywood

    1996-01-01

    Two replicated site preparation studies were used to examine the effect of management on pine height and volume growth in the next rotation on Paleudults. Treatments included notillage,flat disking, bedding, and fertilization. The first rotation of planted slash pine (pinus elliottii Engelm.var. eliottii)was measured for 15 yr on one site and 20 yr at the other,...

  16. A Study of the Growth, Yield, and Pest Resistance of Shortleaf X Slash Pine Hybrids

    Treesearch

    O.O. Wells; Ronald C. Schmidtling

    1983-01-01

    At age 10, shortleaf x slash pine hybrids performed relatively poorly when compared with loblolly pine in 10 plantings throughout the southern pine region. The hybrids excelled only in resistance to fusiform rust. Over all plantings, loblolly averaged about 5 feet taller than the hybrids and had almost twice as much volume. The hybrids' rust resistance may make...

  17. Reagan's budget slashes geophysics R&D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Richman, Barbara T.

    When President Ronald Reagan outlined to a joint session of Congress his proposed revisions to the Carter fiscal 1982 budget (Eos, February 10, p. 49), Congress responded with 13 bursts of applause and one standing ovation. Geophysicists, however, may not greet the budget pruning with equal fanfare. Reagan's across-the-board cuts include proposals for slashing research and development funds. Among those hardest hit are NASA, NOAA, and NSF.

  18. Early Growth Response of Slash Pine to Double-Bedding on a Flatwoods Site in Georgia

    Treesearch

    Curtis L. VanderSchaaf; David B. South

    2004-01-01

    A somewhat poorly-drained site in the Georgia flatwoods was prepared with single- and double-bedding and was planted with slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) seedlings in October. Half of the plots were treated with imazypyr in March. Double-bedding increased 7 th year volume by 5 m3 per ha, but due to insufficient control of...

  19. Prescribed Burning and Direct-Seeding Old Clearcuts in the Piedmont

    Treesearch

    W. Henry McNab

    1976-01-01

    Logging slash 14 to 26 months old was burned at different seasons of the year in the Georgia Piedmont.The following winter, loblolly pine seeds were broadcast 1 to 13 months after burning. Burning 1 -year-old slash during early- or mid-growing season resulted in better stocking, greater height growth, and more effective hardwood control than burning during the dorm ant...

  20. Short-term effects of prescribed fire in grand fir-white pine-western hemlock slash fuels

    Treesearch

    Elizabeth D. Reinhardt; Russell T. Graham; Theresa B. Jain; Dennis G. Simmerman

    1994-01-01

    Experimental burns were conducted on 36 plots in mixed conifer logging slash in northern Idaho, under varying fuel loadings and moisture conditions. This paper reports the immediate effects of these burns on the forest floor, the woody fuel complex, and the plant community, and includes recommendations to managers for using prescribed fire in this forest type. Much of...

  1. Eighteen-year response of slash pine to wet-weather harvesting and site preparation on a poorly drained silt loam soil in Louisiana

    Treesearch

    D. Andrew Scott; Allan E. Tiarks

    2006-01-01

    Physical disturbances to soil resulting from forest management operations may reduce tree survival and growth, but responses are soil-, species-, and disturbance-specific. We studied wet-weather harvesting, shearing, root-raking, disking, and phosphorus fertilization on a poorly drained flatwoods site in Louisiana. Slash pine survival was improved by wet-weather...

  2. Assessing the Potential Oleoresin Yields of Slash Pine Progenies at Juvenile Ages

    Treesearch

    A.E. Squillace; Charles R. Gansel

    1968-01-01

    The potential oleoresin yields of slash pine progenies can be assessed at juvenile ages, 7 to 8 years earlier than with previous methods. Seeds are sown in peat pots, outplanted shortly after germination at a spacing of 14 by 3 feet, and given intensive cultural treatment. At 26 years from seed, when the trees average about 9 feet tall, their potential yields are...

  3. Status of fusiform rust incidence in slash and loblolly pine plantations in the southeastern United States

    Treesearch

    KaDonna C. Randolph

    2016-01-01

    Southern pine tree improvement programs have been in operation in the southeastern United States since the 1950s. Their goal has been to improve volume growth, tree form, disease resistance, and wood quality in southern pines, particularly slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and loblolly pine (P. taeda). The disease of focus has been...

  4. Susceptibility of loblolly x slash pine interspecific F1 hybrids to tip moth infestation and fusiform rust infection in a south Mississippi planting

    Treesearch

    M.T. Highsmith; L.H. Lott; C.D. Nelson

    2005-01-01

    Tip moth damage and fusiform rust incidence among families of three loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) parent trees from Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas that were selected for southern pine bark beetle resistance and three slash pines (Pinus elliotti var. elliotti) selected for different levels of fusiform rust resistance, and five of their interspecific...

  5. A comparison of herbicide tank mixtures for mid-rotation gallberry competition release in slash pine

    Treesearch

    Lukas J. Petre; Alan B. Wilson; William N. Kline

    2012-01-01

    Ten different herbicide combinations including Forestry Garlon® 4, Garlon® 4 Ultra, Forestry Garlon® XRT, Chopper®, and Milestone® VM were tested for gallberry (Ilex glabra) control. Treatments were applied to the understory of a 9-year-old slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantation in South Georgia. Herbicide tank mixture...

  6. Ecophysiological comparison of 50-year-old longleaf pine, slash pine and loblolly pine.

    Treesearch

    Lisa Samuelson; Tom Stokes; Kurt Johnsen

    2012-01-01

    Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.), a species that once dominated the southeastern USA, is considered to be more drought tolerant than the principle plantation species in the South, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), and so is predicted to better cope with increases in drought frequency associated with climate change. To...

  7. Prescreening slash pine and Cronartium pedigrees for evaluation of complementary gene action in fusiform rust disease.

    Treesearch

    H.E. Stelzer; Robert L. Doudrick; Thomas L. Kubisiak; C. Dana Nelson

    1999-01-01

    Single-urediniospore cultures of the fusiform rust fungus were used to inoculate seedlings from 10 full-sib families of a five-parent slash pine diallel at two different times in 1994. The presence or absence of fusiform rust galls was recorded for each inoculated seedling at 9 months postinoculation, and percent infection levels for each family-inoculum-time...

  8. Logging slash: its breakdown and decay at two forests in northern California

    Treesearch

    Willis W. Wagener; Harold R. Offord

    1972-01-01

    A 34-year study of the condition of unburned logging slash in two mixed conifer sites in northern California showed that breakdown and decay occurs at a much slower rate than has been reported elsewhere. The long-term studies were made on the Lassen and Stanislaus National Forests. Correlative weather data for an 18-year period suggested that high summer temperatures...

  9. Modelling altered revenue function based on varying power consumption distribution and electricity tariff charge using data analytics framework

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zainudin, W. N. R. A.; Ramli, N. A.

    2017-09-01

    In 2010, Energy Commission (EC) had introduced Incentive Based Regulation (IBR) to ensure sustainable Malaysian Electricity Supply Industry (MESI), promotes transparent and fair returns, encourage maximum efficiency and maintains policy driven end user tariff. To cater such revolutionary transformation, a sophisticated system to generate policy driven electricity tariff structure is in great need. Hence, this study presents a data analytics framework that generates altered revenue function based on varying power consumption distribution and tariff charge function. For the purpose of this study, the power consumption distribution is being proxy using proportion of household consumption and electricity consumed in KwH and the tariff charge function is being proxy using three-tiered increasing block tariff (IBT). The altered revenue function is useful to give an indication on whether any changes in the power consumption distribution and tariff charges will give positive or negative impact to the economy. The methodology used for this framework begins by defining the revenue to be a function of power consumption distribution and tariff charge function. Then, the proportion of household consumption and tariff charge function is derived within certain interval of electricity power. Any changes in those proportion are conjectured to contribute towards changes in revenue function. Thus, these changes can potentially give an indication on whether the changes in power consumption distribution and tariff charge function are giving positive or negative impact on TNB revenue. Based on the finding of this study, major changes on tariff charge function seems to affect altered revenue function more than power consumption distribution. However, the paper concludes that power consumption distribution and tariff charge function can influence TNB revenue to some great extent.

  10. Impact of Large Scale Energy Efficiency Programs On Consumer Tariffs and Utility Finances in India

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Abhyankar, Nikit; Phadke, Amol

    2011-01-20

    Large-scale EE programs would modestly increase tariffs but reduce consumers' electricity bills significantly. However, the primary benefit of EE programs is a significant reduction in power shortages, which might make these programs politically acceptable even if tariffs increase. To increase political support, utilities could pursue programs that would result in minimal tariff increases. This can be achieved in four ways: (a) focus only on low-cost programs (such as replacing electric water heaters with gas water heaters); (b) sell power conserved through the EE program to the market at a price higher than the cost of peak power purchase; (c) focusmore » on programs where a partial utility subsidy of incremental capital cost might work and (d) increase the number of participant consumers by offering a basket of EE programs to fit all consumer subcategories and tariff tiers. Large scale EE programs can result in consistently negative cash flows and significantly erode the utility's overall profitability. In case the utility is facing shortages, the cash flow is very sensitive to the marginal tariff of the unmet demand. This will have an important bearing on the choice of EE programs in Indian states where low-paying rural and agricultural consumers form the majority of the unmet demand. These findings clearly call for a flexible, sustainable solution to the cash-flow management issue. One option is to include a mechanism like FAC in the utility incentive mechanism. Another sustainable solution might be to have the net program cost and revenue loss built into utility's revenue requirement and thus into consumer tariffs up front. However, the latter approach requires institutionalization of EE as a resource. The utility incentive mechanisms would be able to address the utility disincentive of forgone long-run return but have a minor impact on consumer benefits. Fundamentally, providing incentives for EE programs to make them comparable to supply-side investments is a way of moving the electricity sector toward a model focused on providing energy services rather than providing electricity.« less

  11. Bugs that eat bugs: biological control research offers hope for southern pine bark beetle management

    Treesearch

    John C. Moser; Susan J. Branham

    1988-01-01

    The black turpentine beetle (BTB) is a native pest of pines in the southeastern United States. It is particularly injurious to trees in areas of Georgia and Florida where gum naval stores operations are an important industry. Here, slash pine and longloeaf pine are routinely attacked and killed during tupentine operations. Additionally, the BTB quickly attacks trees...

  12. Sinking or Swimming: Findings from a Survey of State Adult Education Tuition and Financing Policies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Foster, Marcie

    2012-01-01

    At no time in recent history has the importance of adult education been greater and the funding more threatened. Despite the fact that as many as 93 million adults in the U.S. may need basic skills services to improve their economic prospects, funding for these services is stagnating at the federal level and being slashed in statehouses and state…

  13. 14 CFR 221.195 - Requirement for filing printed material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.195 Requirement for filing printed material. (a) Any tariff, or revision thereto, filed in paper format which accompanies....190(b). Further, such paper tariff, or revision thereto, shall be filed in accordance with the...

  14. 14 CFR 221.202 - The filing of tariffs and amendments to tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.202 The... provisions, including any advance reservation/ticketing requirements, provisions for payment (including... shall not contain the phrase “intentionally left blank”. (10) Any material accepted by the Department...

  15. 14 CFR 221.202 - The filing of tariffs and amendments to tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.202 The... provisions, including any advance reservation/ticketing requirements, provisions for payment (including... shall not contain the phrase “intentionally left blank”. (10) Any material accepted by the Department...

  16. 14 CFR 221.202 - The filing of tariffs and amendments to tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.202 The... provisions, including any advance reservation/ticketing requirements, provisions for payment (including... shall not contain the phrase “intentionally left blank”. (10) Any material accepted by the Department...

  17. 14 CFR 221.202 - The filing of tariffs and amendments to tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.202 The... provisions, including any advance reservation/ticketing requirements, provisions for payment (including... shall not contain the phrase “intentionally left blank”. (10) Any material accepted by the Department...

  18. New era / new solutions: The role of alternative tariff structures in water supply projects.

    PubMed

    Pinto, F Silva; Marques, R Cunha

    2017-12-01

    Water utilities face different challenges that may force them to seek prioritized objectives. When doing so, particular projects may have to be developed, being important to understand their impact on water tariffs, and thus, on customers. Such consequences may bear an increased relevance in cases stressed with, e.g., resource scarcity, poverty, and the need for infrastructure investments. The resulting cost and revenue variability demand a comprehensive study. If the first may require a stochastic modeling (in major cost components) in order to consider its inherent uncertainty, the second needs to be modeled following context-specific objectives set by the relevant stakeholders. The solutions achieved will likely promote distinct revenue sources, as well as diversified water tariff structures. A multi-objective optimization model (i.e., a Framework for Suitable Prices) is built to deal with those diversified requirements (e.g., stochastic energy costs, affordability, cost recovery, or administrative simplicity). The model is solved through achievement scalarizing functions with several weighting coefficients for a reference point, so as to provide a significant perception of possible revenue options (and their impact) to the decision makers. The proposed method is applied to a case study, Boa Vista Island in Cabo Verde, in which the background characteristics, namely water sources availability (e.g., the adoption of desalination technologies), economic development and other contextual factors were considered. The key role of tariff structure selection is displayed, instead of assuming it a priori, giving important insights regarding project feasibility. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. 15 CFR 335.5 - Licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... importer as suitable for use in making suits, suit-type jackets, or trousers under the appropriate Tariff... (Customs Form 7501). (f) A Licensee may only authorize an importer to import fabric under the license on... the entry summary or warehouse withdrawal for consumption (Customs Form 7501), or its electronic...

  20. 15 CFR 335.5 - Licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... importer as suitable for use in making suits, suit-type jackets, or trousers under the appropriate Tariff... (Customs Form 7501). (f) A Licensee may only authorize an importer to import fabric under the license on... the entry summary or warehouse withdrawal for consumption (Customs Form 7501), or its electronic...

  1. 15 CFR 335.5 - Licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... importer as suitable for use in making suits, suit-type jackets, or trousers under the appropriate Tariff... (Customs Form 7501). (f) A Licensee may only authorize an importer to import fabric under the license on... the entry summary or warehouse withdrawal for consumption (Customs Form 7501), or its electronic...

  2. 15 CFR 335.5 - Licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... importer as suitable for use in making suits, suit-type jackets, or trousers under the appropriate Tariff... (Customs Form 7501). (f) A Licensee may only authorize an importer to import fabric under the license on... the entry summary or warehouse withdrawal for consumption (Customs Form 7501), or its electronic...

  3. 14 CFR 221.10 - Carrier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Who is Authorized To Issue and File Tariffs § 221.10 Carrier. (a) Local or joint tariffs. A carrier may issue and file, in its own name, tariff publications which contain: (1) Local fares of...

  4. 14 CFR 221.10 - Carrier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Who is Authorized To Issue and File Tariffs § 221.10 Carrier. (a) Local or joint tariffs. A carrier may issue and file, in its own name, tariff publications which contain: (1) Local fares of...

  5. 14 CFR 221.10 - Carrier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Who is Authorized To Issue and File Tariffs § 221.10 Carrier. (a) Local or joint tariffs. A carrier may issue and file, in its own name, tariff publications which contain: (1) Local fares of...

  6. 14 CFR 221.10 - Carrier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Who is Authorized To Issue and File Tariffs § 221.10 Carrier. (a) Local or joint tariffs. A carrier may issue and file, in its own name, tariff publications which contain: (1) Local fares of...

  7. 14 CFR 221.10 - Carrier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Who is Authorized To Issue and File Tariffs § 221.10 Carrier. (a) Local or joint tariffs. A carrier may issue and file, in its own name, tariff publications which contain: (1) Local fares of...

  8. 48 CFR 252.239-7006 - Tariff information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Tariff information. 252... Provisions And Clauses 252.239-7006 Tariff information. As prescribed in 239.7411(a), use the following clause: Tariff Information (JUL 1997) (a) The Contractor shall provide to the Contracting Officer— (1...

  9. 46 CFR 520.7 - Tariff limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... the time the shipment is tendered for ocean transportation. (f) Conference situations. (1) New members... notice is published in the conference tariff. (2) New conference agreements have ninety (90) days within which to publish a new tariff. (g) Overcharge claims. (1) No tariff may limit the filing of overcharge...

  10. Multiple shoot production from seedling explants of slash pine (Pinus elliottii, Engelm.).

    PubMed

    Burns, J A; Schwarz, O J; Schlarbaum, S E

    1991-11-01

    Hypocotylary explants obtained from 30- to 40-day-old slash pine (Pinus elliottii, Engelm.) seedlings treated with 6-benzylaminopurine produced multiple buds that eventually elongated into axillary shoots. The explants were pulse treated (45-s dip) with 6-benzylaminopurine (22.2, 111, 222 μM) plus a control and cultured on three different basal media containing activated charcoal (0.5% w/v). Hormonal concentration and basal medium were compared for the number and size of axillary shoots induced after 12 and 29 days. The greatest number of axillary shoots was produced by explants that were pulse treated with 111 μM 6-benzylaminopurine and cultured on Gresshoff and Doy medium. The axillary shoots were fewer in number per explant than shoots previously reported resulting from hormonally induced advantitious buds of slash pine, but the axillary shoots developed more rapidly.

  11. 14 CFR 221.212 - Special tariff permission.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Electronically Filed Tariffs § 221.212 Special tariff permission. (a... authority is sought to effect changes on less than bilateral/statutory notice, and it contains related paper under § 221.195, the paper submission must bear the same filing advice number as that used for the...

  12. 47 CFR 1.720 - General pleading requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., Applications, Tariffs, and Reports Involving Common Carriers Formal Complaints § 1.720 General pleading... rendered on the merits of the complaint. (h) Specific reference shall be made to any tariff provision relied on in support of a claim or defense. Copies of relevant tariffs or relevant portions of tariffs...

  13. 18 CFR 154.109 - General terms and conditions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS UNDER NATURAL GAS ACT RATE SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Form and Composition of Tariff § 154.109 General terms and conditions. (a) This section of the tariff contains terms... must be numbered for convenient reference. (b) The general terms and conditions of the tariff must...

  14. 49 CFR 1310.3 - Contents of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Contents of tariffs. 1310.3 Section 1310.3 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) CARRIER RATES AND SERVICE TERMS TARIFF REQUIREMENTS FOR HOUSEHOLD GOODS CARRIERS § 1310.3 Contents of tariffs. (a...

  15. 14 CFR 221.180 - Requirements for electronic filing of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... of Transportation, for the maintenance and security of the on-line tariff database. (b) No carrier or... to its on-line tariff database. The filer shall be responsible for the transportation, installation... installation or maintenance. (3) The filer shall provide public access to its on-line tariff database, at...

  16. 14 CFR 221.180 - Requirements for electronic filing of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... of Transportation, for the maintenance and security of the on-line tariff database. (b) No carrier or... to its on-line tariff database. The filer shall be responsible for the transportation, installation... installation or maintenance. (3) The filer shall provide public access to its on-line tariff database, at...

  17. 14 CFR 221.180 - Requirements for electronic filing of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... of Transportation, for the maintenance and security of the on-line tariff database. (b) No carrier or... to its on-line tariff database. The filer shall be responsible for the transportation, installation... installation or maintenance. (3) The filer shall provide public access to its on-line tariff database, at...

  18. 14 CFR 221.180 - Requirements for electronic filing of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... of Transportation, for the maintenance and security of the on-line tariff database. (b) No carrier or... to its on-line tariff database. The filer shall be responsible for the transportation, installation... installation or maintenance. (3) The filer shall provide public access to its on-line tariff database, at...

  19. 14 CFR 221.180 - Requirements for electronic filing of tariffs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... of Transportation, for the maintenance and security of the on-line tariff database. (b) No carrier or... to its on-line tariff database. The filer shall be responsible for the transportation, installation... installation or maintenance. (3) The filer shall provide public access to its on-line tariff database, at...

  20. Planted Loblolly and Slash Pine Reponse to Bedding and Flat Disking on a Poorly Drained Site - An Update

    Treesearch

    Michael D. Cain

    1978-01-01

    Early gains in lobloliy and slash pine height growth achieved by bedding an imperfectly drained Beauregard-Caddo silt loam diminished somewhat by age 15. After age 8 there were no increases in growth response to site treatment for either species. For loblolly, yields on flat-disked and bedded plots were about 6 cords (500 ft3) per acre greater...

  1. Physical and chemical properties of slash pine tree parts

    Treesearch

    E. T. Howard

    1973-01-01

    In three 22-year-old slash pines from an unthinned plantation in central Louisiana, stemwood comprised 58.5 percent of total ovendry tree weight. Stumps and main roots made up 16.5 percent, bark 12.5, top of bole 5.0, needles 4.0, and branches 3.5. This material now is largely wasted when a tree is harvested; methods of utilizing it would extend fiber supplies by 70...

  2. Growth and Yield Predictions for Thinned and Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations on Cutover Sites in the West Gulf Region

    Treesearch

    Stanley J. Zarnoch; Donald P. Feduccia; V. Clark Baldwin; Tommy R. Dell

    1991-01-01

    A-growth and yield model has been developed for slash pine plantations on problem-free cutover sites in the west gulf region. The model was based on the moment-percentile method using the Weibull distribution for tree diameters. This technique was applied to untbinned and thinned stand projections and, subsequently, to the prediction of residual stands immediately...

  3. Slash disposal in western white pine forests in Idaho

    Treesearch

    J. A. Larsen; W. C. Lowdermilk

    1924-01-01

    If all sizes of material produced by a forest are salable, very little logging debris of slash remains to hinder the reproduction or to increase the fire hazard. In the white-pine type of northern Idaho, however, only the larger and most valuable forest products can at present be taken out at a profit. The virgin forests of this region yield from 15,000 to 40,000, and...

  4. Genetic variation in basal area increment phenology and its correlation with growth rate in loblolly and slash pine families and clones

    Treesearch

    Veronica I. Emhart; Timothy A. Martin; Timothy L. White; Dudley A. Huber

    2006-01-01

    We quantified basal area increment phenology over a 2-year period in one loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and four slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) full-sib families propagated as rooting cuttings. In 2002, basal area growth started in March and stopped in October for both species, while in 2003, initiation and cessation occurred 2...

  5. Effects of intensive silvicultural treatments on kraft pulp quality of loblolly and slash pine

    Treesearch

    Charles E. Courchene; Alexander Clark; Monique L. Belli; William Jason Cooper; Barry D. Shiver

    2000-01-01

    Intensive forest-management practices have been shown to greatly increase the growth rates of southern pines. A joint study was undertaken to evaluate the wood and pulp quality from fast-grown 14-year-old loblolly pine from the Piedmont and 17-year-old slash pine from the Coastal Plain. The properties were compared to 24-year-old plantation-grown controls. three sets...

  6. Physical and chemical properties of slash pine tree parts

    Treesearch

    Elaine T. Howard

    1972-01-01

    In three 22-year-old slash pines from an unthinned plantation in central Louisiana, stemwood comprised 58.5 percent of total ovendry tree weight. Stumps and main roots made up 16.5 percent, bark 12.5, top of bole 5.0 , needles 4.0 and branches 3.5. This material now is largely wasten when a tree is harvested; methods of utilizing it would extend fiber supplies by 70...

  7. Mechanisms responsible for the effect of wet bulb depression on heat sterilization of slash pine lumber

    Treesearch

    William T. Simpson

    2003-01-01

    Heat sterilization is often required to prevent spread of insects and pathogens in wood products in international trade. Heat sterilization requires estimating the time necessary for the center of the wood configuration to reach the temperature required to kill insects or pathogens. In these experiments on 1.0- and 1.8-in.- (25- and 46-mm-) thick slash pine, heating...

  8. Forage response to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization in a 25-year-old plantation of slash pine

    Treesearch

    Ralph H. Hughes; George W. Bengston; Thaddeus a. Harrington

    1971-01-01

    In a 25-year-old plantation of slash pine near Olustee, Florida, a single application of 200 lb. of nitrogen and 44 lb. of phosphorus per acre increased production of herbaccous understory (primarily native bluestem grasses) to more than a ton per acre the first year, a fifefold increase. Production declined sharply the second year, and the response disappeared in the...

  9. Derivation of host and pathogen genotypes in the fusiform rust pathosystem on slash pine using a complimentary genetics model and diallel data

    Treesearch

    H.E. Stelzel; Robert L. Doudrick; Thomas L. Kubisiak

    1997-01-01

    Seedlings from 20, full-sib families five-parent slash pine diallel were inoculated using two, single urediniospore-derived cultures of the fusiform rust fungus on two different dates during the 1994 growing season. Presence or absence of fusiform rust galls was recorded for each inoculated seedling at nine months post-inoculation and percent infection levels for each...

  10. Machine to harvest slash, brush, and thinnings for fuel and fiber - a concept

    Treesearch

    Peter Koch; Dan W. McKenzie

    1976-01-01

    It is proposed that biomass from non-commercial thinnings, and from logging slash residual after harvest, be lhogged and recovered for fuel and fiber. Such a procedure might yield two dividends of biomass totalling as much as 90,000 kg per ha (40 tons per acre, gree weight basis) from each rotation of southern pine. For sites deficient in organic matter, it is...

  11. Mitigating Hillslope Erosion After Post-fire Salvage Logging Operations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Robichaud, P. R.; Bone, E. D.; Brown, R. E.

    2017-12-01

    In the past decades, wildfires around the world have continued to increase in size, severity, and cost. Major concerns after wildfires are the increased runoff and erosion due to loss of the protective forest floor layer, loss of water storage, and creation of water repellent soil conditions. Salvage logging is often a post-fire forest management action to recoup the economic loss of the burned timber, yet concerns arise on the impacts of this activity on water quality. Recently, several studies have been conducted to determine the effect of salvage logging on hillslope erosion. Logging skid trails have been cited as being the cause of high erosion during and after salvage operations. We investigated the impacts of adding operational logging slash to skid trails to reduce hillslope erosion after salvage operations on the 2015 North Star Fire, Washington. We implemented well-designed rapid response approach to compare slash treatment effectiveness by monitoring sediment yield and runoff response from hillslopes with a concentrated flow (rill) experiment. Various runoff amounts are incrementally added to 4 m hillslope plots with and without slash treatments. Our initial results suggest that adding logging slash increased ground cover significantly which contributed to an order of magnitude decrease in hillslope erosion. Integrating erosion mitigation strategies into salvage logging operations should be commonplace when hillslope erosion is a concern.

  12. Two-stage selection in slash pine produces good gains in fusiform rust resistance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sluder, E.R.

    The best 6 of 21 progeny-tested first-generation slash pine selections were crossed in a half diallel to study inheritance patterns of their superior fusiform rust resistance (5 trees) and height (1 tree). Their six first-test progenies were duplicated and included in the study. These two groups of progenies, along with two commercial check lots, were planted on an Upper Coastal Plain and a Flatwoods site in Georgia. At age 10 yr, the 15 progenies in the half diallel averaged 23% rust-infected compared with 54% for the check lots. First-test progenies averaged 30% infected. For percentage infection, the six parents differedmore » in general combining ability (GCA) (0.01>P>0.001) on both test sites and in specific combining ability (0.05>P>0.01) on one site. GCA variation for height was significant (0.05>P>0.01) on one site. The parent selected for height had the highest breeding value for height at age 10 yr. These results show that resistance to the fusiform rust disease, a serious problem in management of the species, can be improved in slash pine. These 6 parents and their 15 progenies in the half-diallel cross are a good source of rust resistance genes for use in slash pine improvement programs.« less

  13. The impact of retail electricity tariff evolution on solar photovoltaic deployment

    DOE PAGES

    Gagnon, Pieter; Cole, Wesley J.; Frew, Bethany; ...

    2017-11-10

    Here, this analysis explores the impact that the evolution of retail electricity tariffs can have on the deployment of solar photovoltaics. It suggests that ignoring the evolution of tariffs resulted in up to a 36% higher prediction of the capacity of distributed PV in 2050, compared to scenarios that represented tariff evolution. Critically, the evolution of tariffs had a negligible impact on the total generation from PV $-$ both utility-scale and distributed $-$ in the scenarios that were examined.

  14. The impact of retail electricity tariff evolution on solar photovoltaic deployment

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gagnon, Pieter; Cole, Wesley J.; Frew, Bethany

    Here, this analysis explores the impact that the evolution of retail electricity tariffs can have on the deployment of solar photovoltaics. It suggests that ignoring the evolution of tariffs resulted in up to a 36% higher prediction of the capacity of distributed PV in 2050, compared to scenarios that represented tariff evolution. Critically, the evolution of tariffs had a negligible impact on the total generation from PV $-$ both utility-scale and distributed $-$ in the scenarios that were examined.

  15. 78 FR 27984 - Modification of the National Customs Automation Program Test (NCAP) Regarding Reconciliation for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-13

    ... Customs Automation Program Test (NCAP) Regarding Reconciliation for Filing Certain Post-Importation Claims... Automation Program (NCAP) Reconciliation prototype test to include the filing of post-importation [[Page... notices. DATES: The test is modified to allow Reconciliation of post-importation preferential tariff...

  16. 15 CFR 2011.204 - Entry of specialty sugars.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Entry of specialty sugars. 2011.204... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.204 Entry of specialty sugars. An importer or the importer's agent must...

  17. 15 CFR 2011.204 - Entry of specialty sugars.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Entry of specialty sugars. 2011.204... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.204 Entry of specialty sugars. An importer or the importer's agent must...

  18. 15 CFR 2011.204 - Entry of specialty sugars.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Entry of specialty sugars. 2011.204... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.204 Entry of specialty sugars. An importer or the importer's agent must...

  19. 15 CFR 2011.204 - Entry of specialty sugars.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Entry of specialty sugars. 2011.204... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.204 Entry of specialty sugars. An importer or the importer's agent must...

  20. 15 CFR 2011.204 - Entry of specialty sugars.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Entry of specialty sugars. 2011.204... UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.204 Entry of specialty sugars. An importer or the importer's agent must...

  1. 19 CFR 10.587 - Maintenance of records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE...-United States Free Trade Agreement Import Requirements § 10.587 Maintenance of records. (a) General. An importer claiming preferential tariff treatment for a good imported into the United States under § 10.583(b...

  2. 18 CFR 281.212 - Draft tariff and index of entitlements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Draft tariff and index... Rule § 281.212 Draft tariff and index of entitlements. (a) Each interstate pipeline shall prepare draft tariff sheets or sections and a draft index of entitlements in accordance with this subpart. (b) The...

  3. 18 CFR 281.212 - Draft tariff and index of entitlements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Draft tariff and index... Rule § 281.212 Draft tariff and index of entitlements. (a) Each interstate pipeline shall prepare draft tariff sheets or sections and a draft index of entitlements in accordance with this subpart. (b) The...

  4. 18 CFR 281.212 - Draft tariff and index of entitlements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Draft tariff and index... Rule § 281.212 Draft tariff and index of entitlements. (a) Each interstate pipeline shall prepare draft tariff sheets or sections and a draft index of entitlements in accordance with this subpart. (b) The...

  5. 18 CFR 281.212 - Draft tariff and index of entitlements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Draft tariff and index... Rule § 281.212 Draft tariff and index of entitlements. (a) Each interstate pipeline shall prepare draft tariff sheets or sections and a draft index of entitlements in accordance with this subpart. (b) The...

  6. 18 CFR 281.212 - Draft tariff and index of entitlements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Draft tariff and index... Rule § 281.212 Draft tariff and index of entitlements. (a) Each interstate pipeline shall prepare draft tariff sheets or sections and a draft index of entitlements in accordance with this subpart. (b) The...

  7. 14 CFR 221.103 - Notice of tariff terms.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... reading as follows: Public Inspection of Tariffs All the currently effective passenger tariffs to which this company is a party and all passenger tariff publications which have been issued but are not yet effective are on file in this office, so far as they apply to traffic from or to. (Here name the point...

  8. 75 FR 64721 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-20

    ... filing per 35: Cabrillo I--Amendment to Market-Based Rate Tariffs to be effective 10/ 11/2010. Filed Date... LLC submits tariff filing per 35: Cabrillo Power II--Amendment to Market-Based Rate Tariffs to be.... Description: El Segundo Power II LLC submits tariff filing per 35: El Segundo Power II--Amendment to Market...

  9. 75 FR 76710 - Combined Notice of Filings No. 1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-09

    ...: Astoria Energy II LLC submits tariff filing per 35: Astoria Energy II LLC. MBR E-Tariff to be effective 11... Numbers: ER11-2175-000. Applicants: SGE Energy Sourcing, LLC. Description: SGE Energy Sourcing, LLC. submits tariff filing per 35.1: Baseline Market-Based Rate Tariff Filing for SGE Energy Sourcing, LLC. to...

  10. 14 CFR 221.300 - Discontinuation of electronic tariff system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Discontinuation of electronic tariff system... of electronic tariff system. In the event that the electronic tariff system is discontinued, or the source of the data is changed, or a filer discontinues its business, all electronic data records prior to...

  11. 14 CFR 221.300 - Discontinuation of electronic tariff system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Discontinuation of electronic tariff system... of electronic tariff system. In the event that the electronic tariff system is discontinued, or the source of the data is changed, or a filer discontinues its business, all electronic data records prior to...

  12. 14 CFR 221.300 - Discontinuation of electronic tariff system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Discontinuation of electronic tariff system... of electronic tariff system. In the event that the electronic tariff system is discontinued, or the source of the data is changed, or a filer discontinues its business, all electronic data records prior to...

  13. 14 CFR 221.300 - Discontinuation of electronic tariff system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Discontinuation of electronic tariff system... of electronic tariff system. In the event that the electronic tariff system is discontinued, or the source of the data is changed, or a filer discontinues its business, all electronic data records prior to...

  14. 14 CFR 389.26 - Special rules for tariff page filings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special rules for tariff page filings. 389.26 Section 389.26 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... § 389.26 Special rules for tariff page filings. (a) Tariffs issued by carriers. The filing fee for...

  15. 14 CFR 389.26 - Special rules for tariff page filings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special rules for tariff page filings. 389.26 Section 389.26 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... § 389.26 Special rules for tariff page filings. (a) Tariffs issued by carriers. The filing fee for...

  16. Does the choice of tariff matter?

    PubMed Central

    Zhao, Yue; Li, Shun-Ping; Liu, Liu; Zhang, Jiang-Lin; Chen, Gang

    2017-01-01

    Abstract There is an increasing trend globally to develop country-specific tariffs that can theoretically better reflect population's preferences on health states for preference-based health-related quality-of-life instruments, also known as multiattribute utility instruments. This study focused on the most recently developed 5-level version of EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire, 1 of the world's most well-known multiattribute utility instruments, and aimed to empirically explore the agreements and known-group validities of applying the country-specific tariff versus tariffs developed from other countries using a sample of psoriasis vulgaris patients in Mainland China. A convenience sampling framework was adopted to recruit patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris from Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, between May 2014 and February 2015. The 5-level EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) utilities were scored by using the Chinese, Japanese, and UK tariffs. Health state utilities were compared using a range of nonparametric test. The intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots were used to examine the agreements among the 3 EQ-5D-5L scores. Health state utility decrements between known groups were investigated using both effect size and a regression analysis. In all, 350 patients (aged 16 years or older) were recruited. There were significant differences among the 3 national tariff sets. Overall, 3 tariffs showed excellent agreements (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.90); however, the wide limits of agreement from the Bland–Altman plots suggest that these tariffs cannot be used interchangeably. The EQ-5D-5L scores using the Chinese-specific tariff showed the best known-group validity than the other 2 tariffs in this Chinese patient sample. The evidence from this study supports the choice of the country-specific tariff to be used in Mainland China. PMID:28834893

  17. Does the choice of tariff matter?: A comparison of EQ-5D-5L utility scores using Chinese, UK, and Japanese tariffs on patients with psoriasis vulgaris in Central South China.

    PubMed

    Zhao, Yue; Li, Shun-Ping; Liu, Liu; Zhang, Jiang-Lin; Chen, Gang

    2017-08-01

    There is an increasing trend globally to develop country-specific tariffs that can theoretically better reflect population's preferences on health states for preference-based health-related quality-of-life instruments, also known as multiattribute utility instruments. This study focused on the most recently developed 5-level version of EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire, 1 of the world's most well-known multiattribute utility instruments, and aimed to empirically explore the agreements and known-group validities of applying the country-specific tariff versus tariffs developed from other countries using a sample of psoriasis vulgaris patients in Mainland China.A convenience sampling framework was adopted to recruit patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris from Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, between May 2014 and February 2015. The 5-level EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) utilities were scored by using the Chinese, Japanese, and UK tariffs. Health state utilities were compared using a range of nonparametric test. The intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the agreements among the 3 EQ-5D-5L scores. Health state utility decrements between known groups were investigated using both effect size and a regression analysis.In all, 350 patients (aged 16 years or older) were recruited. There were significant differences among the 3 national tariff sets. Overall, 3 tariffs showed excellent agreements (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.90); however, the wide limits of agreement from the Bland-Altman plots suggest that these tariffs cannot be used interchangeably. The EQ-5D-5L scores using the Chinese-specific tariff showed the best known-group validity than the other 2 tariffs in this Chinese patient sample. The evidence from this study supports the choice of the country-specific tariff to be used in Mainland China.

  18. 19 CFR 10.704 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... document is true and accurate and I assume the responsibility for proving such representations. I... representations; The goods comply with all the requirements for preferential tariff treatment specified for those... responsible official of the importer or by the importer's authorized agent having knowledge of the relevant...

  19. 19 CFR 10.704 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... document is true and accurate and I assume the responsibility for proving such representations. I... representations; The goods comply with all the requirements for preferential tariff treatment specified for those... responsible official of the importer or by the importer's authorized agent having knowledge of the relevant...

  20. 19 CFR 10.704 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... document is true and accurate and I assume the responsibility for proving such representations. I... representations; The goods comply with all the requirements for preferential tariff treatment specified for those... responsible official of the importer or by the importer's authorized agent having knowledge of the relevant...

  1. 19 CFR 10.704 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... document is true and accurate and I assume the responsibility for proving such representations. I... representations; The goods comply with all the requirements for preferential tariff treatment specified for those... responsible official of the importer or by the importer's authorized agent having knowledge of the relevant...

  2. Comparison of EQ-5D-5L health state utilities using four country-specific tariffs on a breast cancer patient sample in mainland China.

    PubMed

    Liu, Liu; Li, Shunping; Wang, Min; Chen, Gang

    2017-01-01

    The objective of this study was to compare the differences in the five-level EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) health state utility scores derived from Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and UK tariffs. Six hundred and twenty-one breast cancer patients were invited for a face-to-face interview in Qingdao Municipal Hospital, China. EQ-5D-5L was scored using tariffs from China, Japan, Korea, and the UK. The null hypothesis of normal distribution of the EQ-5D-5L utility score was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Nonparametric Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to determine the difference among the four tariffs. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots were used to study the agreement among the four EQ-5D-5L scores. Known-groups validity was studied using a regression framework. There were 608 participants in the final analysis, with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 48.0±9.6 years. EQ-5D-5L utility scores were non-normally distributed. The means (median) ± SD of EQ-5D-5L utilities derived from Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and UK tariffs were 0.828 (0.879) ±0.184, 0.802 (0.823) ±0.164, 0.831 (0.829) ±0.137, and 0.838 (0.866) ±0.154, respectively. Among pairwise comparisons, the difference of median EQ-5D-5L utility scores was only insignificant between Chinese and UK tariffs. Excellent agreements (with ICCs >0.9) were found among the four tariffs albeit the limits of agreement between each pair of tariffs were wide. Known-groups validity was supported. Although four country-specific EQ-5D-5L tariffs have shown an overall high level of correlation and agreement, none of them could be regarded as interchangeable. The higher correlation and agreement between Chinese and UK tariffs may be due to the similar functions that were used in the tariff development. In the absence of Chinese-specific tariff, the UK tariff is the second-best option to be applied in the Chinese population. Results of this study further contribute to the explanation of variations among country-specific tariffs.

  3. Tariff Considerations for Micro-Grids in Sub-Saharan Africa

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Reber, Timothy J.; Booth, Samuel S.; Cutler, Dylan S.

    This report examines some of the key drivers and considerations policymakers and decision makers face when deciding if and how to regulate electricity tariffs for micro-grids. Presenting a range of tariff options, from mandating some variety of national (uniform) tariff to allowing micro-grid developers and operators to set fully cost-reflective tariffs, it examines various benefits and drawbacks of each. In addition, the report and explores various types of cross-subsidies and other transitional forms of regulation that may offer a regulatory middle ground that can help balance the often competing goals of providing price control on electricity service in the namemore » of social good while still providing a means for investors to ensure high enough returns on their investment to attract the necessary capital financing to the market. Using the REopt tool developed by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory to inform their study, the authors modeled a few representative micro-grid systems and the resultant levelized cost of electricity, lending context and scale to the consideration of these tariff questions. This simple analysis provides an estimate of the gap between current tariff regimes and the tariffs that would be necessary for developers to recover costs and attract investment, offering further insight into the potential scale of subsidies or other grants that may be required to enable micro-grid development under current regulatory structures. It explores potential options for addressing this gap while trying to balance This report examines some of the key drivers and considerations policymakers and decision makers face when deciding if and how to regulate electricity tariffs for micro-grids. Presenting a range of tariff options, from mandating some variety of national (uniform) tariff to allowing micro-grid developers and operators to set fully cost-reflective tariffs, it examines various benefits and drawbacks of each. In addition, the report and explores various types of cross-subsidies and other transitional forms of regulation that may offer a regulatory middle ground that can help balance the often competing goals of providing price control on electricity service in the name of social good while still providing a means for investors to ensure high enough returns on their investment to attract the necessary capital financing to the market. Using the REopt tool developed by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory to inform their study, the authors modeled a few representative micro-grid systems and the resultant levelized cost of electricity, lending context and scale to the consideration of these tariff questions. This simple analysis provides an estimate of the gap between current tariff regimes and the tariffs that would be necessary for developers to recover costs and attract investment, offering further insight into the potential scale of subsidies or other grants that may be required to enable micro-grid development under current regulatory structures. It explores potential options for addressing this gap while trying to balance stakeholder needs, from subsidized national tariffs to lightly regulated cost-reflective tariffs to more of a compromise approach, such as different standards of regulation based on the size of a micro-grid.takeholder needs, from subsidized national tariffs to lightly regulated cost-reflective tariffs to more of a compromise approach, such as different standards of regulation based on the size of a micro-grid.« less

  4. Response of the soil microbial community and soil nutrient bioavailability to biomass harvesting and reserve tree retention in northern Minnesota aspen-dominated forests

    Treesearch

    Tera E. Lewandowski; Jodi A. Forrester; David J. Mladenoff; Anthony W. D' Amato; Brian J. Palik

    2016-01-01

    Intensive forest biomass harvesting, or the removal of harvesting slash (woody debris from tree branches and tops) for use as biofuel, has the potential to negatively affect the soil microbial community (SMC) due to loss of carbon and nutrient inputs from the slash, alteration of the soil microclimate, and increased nutrient leaching. These effects could result in...

  5. Cone consumption by southeastern fox squirrels: A potential basis for clonal preferences in a loblolly and slash pine seed orchard

    Treesearch

    Christopher Asaro; Susan C. Loeb; James L. Hanula

    2003-01-01

    Southeastern fox squirrels were observed feeding preferentially on seeds of certain clones of loblolly pine in a central Georgia seed orchard in the early 1990s and, similarly, on slash pine seed in an orchard in central Florida in the late 1990s. In each orchard, the degree of feeding preference and avoidance among selected clones was documented and quantified. We...

  6. Front and Back Face Gum Yields from 2,4-D and H2SO4 Treatments on Slash Pine

    Treesearch

    Ralph W. Clements

    1970-01-01

    A 2-percent water soluble solution of 2,4-D was as effective as 50-percent H2SO4 for stimulating gum flow from slash pine in stands of natural reproduction. In the 4-year study reported here, there was no appreciable difference in gum yields for zny one year of work, for either front or back faces, and for the...

  7. Effect of initial spacing on mechanical properties of lumber sawn from unthinned slash pine at age 40

    Treesearch

    Robert H. McAlister; Alexander Clark; Joseph R. Saucier

    1997-01-01

    The effect of initial planting density on strength and stiffness of slash pine (Pinus elliotti Engelm. var elliotti) from a 40-year-old plantation on the Georgia Coastal Plain was examined. A stratified random sample of trees with diameters at breast height ranging from 8 to 16 inches from replicated stands representing tree spacing of 6 by 8, 8 by 8, 10 by 10, and 15...

  8. Assessing the impact of wood decay fungi on the modulus of elasticity of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) by stress wave non-destructive testing

    Treesearch

    Zhong Yang; Zhehui Jiang; Chung Y. Hse; Ru Liu

    2017-01-01

    Small wood specimens selected from six slash pine (Pinus elliottii) trees were inoculated with brown-rot and white-rot fungi and then evaluated for static modulus of elasticity (MOE) and dynamic MOE (MOEsw). The experimental variables studied included a brown-rot fungus (Gloeophyllum trabeum) and a white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) for six exposure periods (2, 4,...

  9. Stem Sinuosity, Tree Size, and Pest Injury of Machine-Planted Tress with and without Bent Taproots: A Comparison of Loblolly and Slash Pine

    Treesearch

    Jason A. Gatch; Timothy B. Harrington; Terry S. Price; M. Boyd Edwards

    1999-01-01

    Twenty-four maohine-planted stands each of slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (between ages 3 to 10 years) were randomly selected in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont of Georgia, respectively. Ten points per site were located along a transect and two planted trees within a 10-m radius of each point were...

  10. 75 FR 48962 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-12

    ...: Market-Based Rate Tariff in Compliance with Order No. 714 to be effective 7/29/2010. Filed Date: 07/29... Inc. submits tariff filing per 35.12: Market-Based Rate Tariff in Compliance with Order No. 714 to be... per 35.12: Market-Based Rate Tariff in Compliance with Order No. 714 to be effective 7/29/2010. Filed...

  11. 29 CFR 4.118 - Contracts for carriage subject to published tariff rates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Contracts for carriage subject to published tariff rates. 4... subject to published tariff rates. The Act, in paragraph (3) of section 7, exempts from its provisions..., railway line or oil or gas pipeline where published tariff rates are in effect”. In order for this...

  12. 18 CFR 385.215 - Amendment of pleadings and tariff or rate filings (Rule 215).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... under subpart E, a written amendment is filed after the time for filing provided under paragraph (a)(3... and tariff or rate filings (Rule 215). 385.215 Section 385.215 Conservation of Power and Water... PROCEDURE Pleadings, Tariff and Rate Filings, Notices of Tariff or Rate Examination, Orders To Show Cause...

  13. 18 CFR 154.208 - Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... filings on customers and other parties. 154.208 Section 154.208 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS Procedures for Changing Tariffs § 154.208 Service of tariff filings on customers and other parties. (a) On or before the filing date, the company must serve, upon all customers as of the...

  14. 47 CFR 1.773 - Petitions for suspension or rejection of new tariff filings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... injury to the public arising from the unavailability of the service pursuant to the rates and conditions proposed in the tariff filing; (C) That irreparable injury will result if the tariff filing is not...; (C) That irreparable injury will result if the tariff filing is not suspended; and (D) That the...

  15. 49 CFR 1312.1 - Scope; definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Transportation Board. Bound tariff means a tariff consisting of two or more sheets bound at the left edge in... single page published as part of a new or reissued looseleaf tariff or as an amendment to such a tariff.... Supplement means a single sheet, or two or more sheets bound at the left edge in pamphlet or book form...

  16. 15 CFR 2011.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate...) Sugar means sugars, syrups, and molasses described in subheadings 1701.11.10, 1701.12.10, 1701.91.10...

  17. 15 CFR 2011.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Certificate...) Sugar means sugars, syrups, and molasses described in subheadings 1701.11.10, 1701.12.10, 1701.91.10...

  18. 19 CFR 10.864 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... ARTICLES CONDITIONALLY FREE, SUBJECT TO A REDUCED RATE, ETC. United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Import... tariff treatment specified for those goods in the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement; and This...

  19. 19 CFR 10.864 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... ARTICLES CONDITIONALLY FREE, SUBJECT TO A REDUCED RATE, ETC. United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Import... tariff treatment specified for those goods in the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement; and This...

  20. 19 CFR 10.864 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... ARTICLES CONDITIONALLY FREE, SUBJECT TO A REDUCED RATE, ETC. United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Import... tariff treatment specified for those goods in the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement; and This...

  1. 19 CFR 10.864 - Declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... ARTICLES CONDITIONALLY FREE, SUBJECT TO A REDUCED RATE, ETC. United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Import... tariff treatment specified for those goods in the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement; and This...

  2. 19 CFR 141.90 - Notation of tariff classification and value on invoice.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    .... (d) Importer's notations in blue or black ink. Except when invoice line data are linked to an entry... the invoice by the importer or customs broker must be in blue or black ink. [T.D. 73-175, 38 FR 17447...

  3. 19 CFR 141.90 - Notation of tariff classification and value on invoice.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    .... (d) Importer's notations in blue or black ink. Except when invoice line data are linked to an entry... the invoice by the importer or customs broker must be in blue or black ink. [T.D. 73-175, 38 FR 17447...

  4. 19 CFR 141.90 - Notation of tariff classification and value on invoice.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    .... (d) Importer's notations in blue or black ink. Except when invoice line data are linked to an entry... the invoice by the importer or customs broker must be in blue or black ink. [T.D. 73-175, 38 FR 17447...

  5. 19 CFR 141.90 - Notation of tariff classification and value on invoice.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    .... (d) Importer's notations in blue or black ink. Except when invoice line data are linked to an entry... the invoice by the importer or customs broker must be in blue or black ink. [T.D. 73-175, 38 FR 17447...

  6. Bill Calculator V1.0

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    2002-08-19

    Utitlity tariffs vary significantly from utility to utility. Each utility has its own rates and sets of rules by which bills are calculated. The Bill Calculator reconstructs the tariff based on these rules, stored in data tables, and access the appropriate charges for a given energy consumption and demand. The software reconstructs the tariff logic from the rules stored in data tables. Changes are tallied as the logic is reconstructed. This is essentially an accounting program. The main limitation is on the time to search for each tariff element. It is currently on O(N) search. Also, since the Bill calculatormore » first stores all tariffs in an array and then reads the array to reconstruct a specific tariff, the memory limitatins of a particular system would limit the number of tariffs that could be handled. This tool allows a user to calculate a bill from any sampled utility without prior knowledge of the tariff logic or structure. The peculiarities of the tariff logic are stored in data tables and manged by the Bill Calculator software. This version of the software is implemented as a VB module that operates within Microsoft Excel. Input data tables are stored in Excel worksheets. In this version the Bill Calculator functions can be assessed through Excel as user defined worksheet functions. Bill Calculator can calculate approximately 50,000 bills in less than 30 minutes.« less

  7. Verrucomicrobial community structure and abundance as indicators for changes in chemical factors linked to soil fertility.

    PubMed

    Navarrete, Acacio Aparecido; Soares, Tielle; Rossetto, Raffaella; van Veen, Johannes Antonie; Tsai, Siu Mui; Kuramae, Eiko Eurya

    2015-09-01

    Here we show that verrucomicrobial community structure and abundance are extremely sensitive to changes in chemical factors linked to soil fertility. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprint and real-time quantitative PCR assay were used to analyze changes in verrucomicrobial communities associated with contrasting soil nutrient conditions in tropical regions. In case study Model I ("Slash-and-burn deforestation") the verrucomicrobial community structures revealed disparate patterns in nutrient-enriched soils after slash-and-burn deforestation and natural nutrient-poor soils under an adjacent primary forest in the Amazonia (R = 0.819, P = 0.002). The relative proportion of Verrucomicrobia declined in response to increased soil fertility after slash-and-burn deforestation, accounting on average, for 4 and 2 % of the total bacterial signal, in natural nutrient-poor forest soils and nutrient-enriched deforested soils, respectively. In case study Model II ("Management practices for sugarcane") disparate patterns were revealed in sugarcane rhizosphere sampled on optimal and deficient soil fertility for sugarcane (R = 0.786, P = 0.002). Verrucomicrobial community abundance in sugarcane rhizosphere was negatively correlated with soil fertility, accounting for 2 and 5 % of the total bacterial signal, under optimal and deficient soil fertility conditions for sugarcane, respectively. In nutrient-enriched soils, verrucomicrobial community structures were related to soil factors linked to soil fertility, such as total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sum of bases, i.e., the sum of calcium, magnesium and potassium contents. We conclude that community structure and abundance represent important ecological aspects in soil verrucomicrobial communities for tracking the changes in chemical factors linked to soil fertility under tropical environmental conditions.

  8. A discrete choice experiment to obtain a tariff for valuing informal care situations measured with the CarerQol instrument.

    PubMed

    Hoefman, Renske J; van Exel, Job; Rose, John M; van de Wetering, E J; Brouwer, Werner B F

    2014-01-01

    Economic evaluations adopting a societal perspective need to include informal care whenever relevant. However, in practice, informal care is often neglected, because there are few validated instruments to measure and value informal care for inclusion in economic evaluations. The CarerQol, which is such an instrument, measures the impact of informal care on 7 important burden dimensions (CarerQol-7D) and values this in terms of general quality of life (CarerQol-VAS). The objective of the study was to calculate utility scores based on relative utility weights for the CarerQol-7D. These tariffs will facilitate inclusion of informal care in economic evaluations. The CarerQol-7D tariff was derived with a discrete choice experiment conducted as an Internet survey among the general adult population in the Netherlands (N = 992). The choice set contained 2 unlabeled alternatives described in terms of the 7 CarerQol-7D dimensions (level range: "no,"some," and "a lot"). An efficient experimental design with priors obtained from a pilot study (N = 104) was used. Data were analyzed with a panel mixed multinomial parameter model including main and interaction effects of the attributes. The utility attached to informal care situations was significantly higher when this situation was more attractive in terms of fewer problems and more fulfillment or support. The interaction term between the CarerQol-7D dimensions physical health and mental health problems also significantly explained this utility. The tariff was constructed by adding up the relative utility weights per category of all CarerQol-7D dimensions and the interaction term. We obtained a tariff providing standard utility scores for caring situations described with the CarerQol-7D. This facilitates the inclusion of informal care in economic evaluations.

  9. Cost analysis of the surgical treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus: an evaluation of the determinants of cost and comparison of the institutional cost of treatment with the national tariff.

    PubMed

    Sabharwal, S; Carter, A W; Rashid, A; Darzi, A; Reilly, P; Gupte, C M

    2016-02-01

    The aims of this study were to estimate the cost of surgical treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus using a micro-costing methodology, contrast this cost with the national reimbursement tariff and establish the major determinants of cost. A detailed inpatient treatment pathway was constructed using semi-structured interviews with 32 members of hospital staff. Its content validity was established through a Delphi panel evaluation. Costs were calculated using time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) and sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the determinants of cost The mean cost of the different surgical treatments was estimated to be £3282. Although this represented a profit of £1138 against the national tariff, hemiarthroplasty as a treatment choice resulted in a net loss of £952. Choice of implant and theatre staffing were the largest cost drivers. Operating theatre delays of more than one hour resulted in a loss of income Our findings indicate that the national tariff does not accurately represent the cost of treatment for this condition. Effective use of the operating theatre and implant discounting are likely to be more effective cost containment approaches than control of bed-day costs. This cost analysis of fractures of the proximal humerus reinforces the limitations of the national tariff within the English National Health Service, and underlines the importance of effective use of the operating theatre, as well as appropriate implant procurement where controlling costs of treatment is concerned. ©2016 The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.

  10. 47 CFR 61.49 - Supporting information to be submitted with letters of transmittal for tariffs of carriers...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... letters of transmittal for tariffs of carriers subject to price cap regulation. 61.49 Section 61.49... for tariffs of carriers subject to price cap regulation. (a) Each price cap tariff filing must be... pursuant to the methodologies provided in §§ 61.45, 61.46, and 61.47, as applicable. (b) Each price cap...

  11. 7 CFR 6.32 - Globalization of licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota... Trade Representative, the applicable licensees to enter the remaining balance or a portion thereof from... consent for such an adjustment of licenses from the government of the exporting country for quantities in...

  12. Demographic and socio-economic associations with academic attainment (UCAS tariff scores) in applicants to medical school.

    PubMed

    Powis, David; James, David; Ferguson, Eamonn

    2007-03-01

    In the United Kingdom medical students are selected predominantly on their academic merit. Their academic achievement marks are equated via the tariff point score structure administered by the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). We studied the applicant databases for 1998-2003 for one English medical school to determine the factors that predict high tariff point scores. Complete demographic data and relative socio-economic status, educational institution attended and tariff point score was available for 8997 UK applicants aged 21 years or younger to the 5-year Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery (BM BS) course at Nottingham University medical school (and partially complete data for a further 1891 applicants). The data were subjected to standard univariate and multivariate analyses and to path analysis. In these samples, the independent predictors of a high tariff point score were being younger and male. The effect sizes were small, although significant. Higher tariff point scores were achieved by those from households less materially disadvantaged. Ethnicity was also a predictor with white, Chinese and those of mixed ethnic origin achieving higher tariff point scores than those from other groups. Finally, the type of school attended predicted academic achievement with applicants from further education colleges, independent schools and grant-maintained schools achieving higher tariff point scores. Notwithstanding the relatively homogeneous (predominantly young, white, high academic achievers) applicant pool to a single UK medical school we identified consistent significant predictors of high tariff point scores. As high tariff point scores are still the major entry criterion to UK medical schools, our findings will be of value in informing policy decisions concerning 'widening access' schemes being established at government request.

  13. 14 CFR 221.71 - Requirement of clarity and specificity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Amendment of Tariffs § 221.71 Requirement of clarity and... the changes being made. Amendments to paper tariffs shall be accomplished by reissuing each page upon...

  14. 76 FR 43206 - Electronic Tariff Filing System (ETFS)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-20

    ...) Working papers and statistical data. (1) Concurrently with the filing of any tariff change or tariff... explanation of how the working papers relate to that information. (2) All statistical studies must be...

  15. The establishment and external validation of NIR qualitative analysis model for waste polyester-cotton blend fabrics.

    PubMed

    Li, Feng; Li, Wen-Xia; Zhao, Guo-Liang; Tang, Shi-Jun; Li, Xue-Jiao; Wu, Hong-Mei

    2014-10-01

    A series of 354 polyester-cotton blend fabrics were studied by the near-infrared spectra (NIRS) technology, and a NIR qualitative analysis model for different spectral characteristics was established by partial least squares (PLS) method combined with qualitative identification coefficient. There were two types of spectrum for dying polyester-cotton blend fabrics: normal spectrum and slash spectrum. The slash spectrum loses its spectral characteristics, which are effected by the samples' dyes, pigments, matting agents and other chemical additives. It was in low recognition rate when the model was established by the total sample set, so the samples were divided into two types of sets: normal spectrum sample set and slash spectrum sample set, and two NIR qualitative analysis models were established respectively. After the of models were established the model's spectral region, pretreatment methods and factors were optimized based on the validation results, and the robustness and reliability of the model can be improved lately. The results showed that the model recognition rate was improved greatly when they were established respectively, the recognition rate reached up to 99% when the two models were verified by the internal validation. RC (relation coefficient of calibration) values of the normal spectrum model and slash spectrum model were 0.991 and 0.991 respectively, RP (relation coefficient of prediction) values of them were 0.983 and 0.984 respectively, SEC (standard error of calibration) values of them were 0.887 and 0.453 respectively, SEP (standard error of prediction) values of them were 1.131 and 0.573 respectively. A series of 150 bounds samples reached used to verify the normal spectrum model and slash spectrum model and the recognition rate reached up to 91.33% and 88.00% respectively. It showed that the NIR qualitative analysis model can be used for identification in the recycle site for the polyester-cotton blend fabrics.

  16. 15 CFR 2011.207 - Suspension of the certificate system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.207 Suspension of the certificate system. (a) Suspension. The...

  17. 15 CFR 2011.207 - Suspension of the certificate system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.207 Suspension of the certificate system. (a) Suspension. The...

  18. 15 CFR 2011.207 - Suspension of the certificate system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.207 Suspension of the certificate system. (a) Suspension. The...

  19. 78 FR 77094 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-20

    ... dairy products subject to tariff-rate quotas (TRQs). The importation of most cheese made from cow's milk and certain non-cheese dairy articles (butter, dried milks, and butter substitutes) are subject to...

  20. 15 CFR 2011.207 - Suspension of the certificate system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE ALLOCATION OF TARIFF-RATE QUOTA ON IMPORTED SUGARS, SYRUPS AND MOLASSES Specialty Sugar § 2011.207 Suspension of the certificate system. (a) Suspension. The...

  1. 47 CFR 61.13 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) TARIFFS Rules for Electronic Filing § 61.13 Scope. (a) This applies to all tariff publications of carriers required to file... technical requirements of the Electronic Tariff Filing System. ...

  2. 19 CFR 10.521 - Goods eligible for tariff preference level claims.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Tariff Preference Level § 10.521 Goods eligible for tariff... assembled in Singapore from fabric or yarn produced or obtained outside the territory of Singapore or the...

  3. Bacterial stimulation of adventitious rooting on in vitro cultured slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) seedling explants.

    PubMed

    Burns, J A; Schwarz, O J

    1996-02-01

    A bacterium has been isolated that initiates adventitious rooting when co-cultured under in vitro conditions with seedling-produced hypocotylary explants of slash pine (Pinus elliottii). Rooting efficiencies produced through bacterial-explant co-culture range from approximately 15% to greater than 90% over non-treated controls. Explant exposure to the root inducing bacterium has produced no obvious pathology in the regenerated plantlets. Seedling explants rooted by bacterial-explant co-culture have been successfully transitioned to ambient greenhouse conditions.

  4. Ural-Tweed Bighorn Sheep Wildlife Mitigation Project, 1984-1990 Final Report.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Young, Lewis R.; Yde, Chris A.

    The results of habitat improvement project activities accomplished under contract No.84-38 for bighorn sheep mitigation along Koocanusa Reservoir from September 1, 1984, through June 30, 1990, are reported here. Habitat treatments were applied to ten areas and covered 1100 acres. Treatments used were prescribed fire, slashing combined with prescribed fire, and fertilization. Several variations in season or intensity were used within the slashing and prescribed fire treatments. This project was coordinated with and complemented concurrent Kootenai National Forest habitat improvement activities.

  5. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-08-25

    Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was lowered to 22...and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow Americans to freely engage in ordinary publishing

  6. 7 CFR 6.32 - Globalization of licenses.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Globalization of licenses. 6.32 Section 6.32 Agriculture Office of the Secretary of Agriculture IMPORT QUOTAS AND FEES Dairy Tariff-Rate Import Quota Licensing § 6.32 Globalization of licenses. If the Licensing Authority determines that entries of an article...

  7. 78 FR 50481 - Request for Public Comments Regarding the National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-19

    ... (e.g., tariffs and other import charges, quantitative restrictions, import licensing, and customs... operate as ``localization barriers to trade''. Localization barriers are measures designed to protect... comparative analyses of a barrier's effect over a range of industries. Requirements for Submissions...

  8. 77 FR 31182 - Final Withdrawal of Regulations Pertaining to Imports of Cotton Woven Fabric and Short Supply...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-25

    ... No. 120117047-2421-02] RIN 0625-AA90 Final Withdrawal of Regulations Pertaining to Imports of Cotton... final rule withdrawing regulations pertaining to imports of cotton woven fabric and short supply procedures. Both sets of regulations are obsolete: The tariff quota on cotton woven fabric expired in 2009...

  9. 76 FR 34223 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-13

    .... Applicants: Jump Power LLC. Description: Jump Power LLC submits tariff filing per 35.15: Notice of Cancellation of MBR Tariff & Revised Tariff Sheets for Jump Power, LLC to be effective 6/7/2011. Filed Date: 06...

  10. 49 CFR 1312.7 - STB tariff designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... tariff designation consisting of: (1) The characters “STB”; (2) The assigned alpha code of the carrier or... tariff 1000-A could be designated 1000-B, etc. (b) Alpha codes. Alpha codes are assigned to carriers and...

  11. 49 CFR 1312.7 - STB tariff designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... tariff designation consisting of: (1) The characters “STB”; (2) The assigned alpha code of the carrier or... tariff 1000-A could be designated 1000-B, etc. (b) Alpha codes. Alpha codes are assigned to carriers and...

  12. 49 CFR 1312.7 - STB tariff designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... tariff designation consisting of: (1) The characters “STB”; (2) The assigned alpha code of the carrier or... tariff 1000-A could be designated 1000-B, etc. (b) Alpha codes. Alpha codes are assigned to carriers and...

  13. 49 CFR 1312.7 - STB tariff designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... tariff designation consisting of: (1) The characters “STB”; (2) The assigned alpha code of the carrier or... tariff 1000-A could be designated 1000-B, etc. (b) Alpha codes. Alpha codes are assigned to carriers and...

  14. 49 CFR 1312.7 - STB tariff designation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... tariff designation consisting of: (1) The characters “STB”; (2) The assigned alpha code of the carrier or... tariff 1000-A could be designated 1000-B, etc. (b) Alpha codes. Alpha codes are assigned to carriers and...

  15. Maximum demand charge rates for commercial and industrial electricity tariffs in the United States

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    McLaren, Joyce; Gagnon, Pieter; Zimny-Schmitt, Daniel

    NREL has assembled a list of U.S. retail electricity tariffs and their associated demand charge rates for the Commercial and Industrial sectors. The data was obtained from the Utility Rate Database. Keep the following information in mind when interpreting the data: (1) These data were interpreted and transcribed manually from utility tariff sheets, which are often complex. It is a certainty that these data contain errors, and therefore should only be used as a reference. Actual utility tariff sheets should be consulted if an action requires this type of data. (2) These data only contains tariffs that were entered intomore » the Utility Rate Database. Since not all tariffs are designed in a format that can be entered into the Database, this list is incomplete - it does not contain all tariffs in the United States. (3) These data may have changed since this list was developed (4) Many of the underlying tariffs have additional restrictions or requirements that are not represented here. For example, they may only be available to the agricultural sector or closed to new customers. (5) If there are multiple demand charge elements in a given tariff, the maximum demand charge is the sum of each of the elements at any point in time. Where tiers were present, the highest rate tier was assumed. The value is a maximum for the year, and may be significantly different from demand charge rates at other times in the year. Utility Rate Database: https://openei.org/wiki/Utility_Rate_Database« less

  16. Change in phylogenetic community structure during succession of traditionally managed tropical rainforest in southwest China.

    PubMed

    Mo, Xiao-Xue; Shi, Ling-Ling; Zhang, Yong-Jiang; Zhu, Hua; Slik, J W Ferry

    2013-01-01

    Tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia are facing increasing and ever more intense human disturbance that often negatively affects biodiversity. The aim of this study was to determine how tree species phylogenetic diversity is affected by traditional forest management types and to understand the change in community phylogenetic structure during succession. Four types of forests with different management histories were selected for this purpose: old growth forests, understorey planted old growth forests, old secondary forests (∼200-years after slash and burn), and young secondary forests (15-50-years after slash and burn). We found that tree phylogenetic community structure changed from clustering to over-dispersion from early to late successional forests and finally became random in old-growth forest. We also found that the phylogenetic structure of the tree overstorey and understorey responded differentially to change in environmental conditions during succession. In addition, we show that slash and burn agriculture (swidden cultivation) can increase landscape level plant community evolutionary information content.

  17. Mycorrhiza of plants in different vegetation types in tropical ecosystems of Xishuangbanna, southwest China.

    PubMed

    Muthukumar, T; Sha, Liqing; Yang, Xiaodong; Cao, Min; Tang, Jianwei; Zheng, Zheng

    2003-12-01

    We examined plants growing in four tropical vegetation types (primary forest, secondary forest, limestone forest and a slash and burn field) in Xishuangbanna, southwest China for mycorrhizal associations. Of the 103 plant species examined (belonging to 47 families), 81 had arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations, while three species possessed orchid mycorrhiza. AM colonization levels ranged between 6% and 91% and spore numbers ranged between 1.36 spores and 25.71 spores per 10 g soil. Mean AM colonization level was higher in primary and secondary forest species than in plant species from limestone forests and a slash and burn field. In contrast, mean AM fungal spore numbers of the primary and limestone forest were lower than in the secondary forest or the slash and burn field. AM fungal spores belonging to Glomus and Acaulospora were the most frequent in soils of Xishuangbanna. AM fungal colonization and spore numbers were significantly correlated to each other and were significantly influenced by vegetation type.

  18. Change in Phylogenetic Community Structure during Succession of Traditionally Managed Tropical Rainforest in Southwest China

    PubMed Central

    Mo, Xiao-Xue; Shi, Ling-Ling; Zhang, Yong-Jiang; Zhu, Hua; Slik, J. W. Ferry

    2013-01-01

    Tropical rainforests in Southeast Asia are facing increasing and ever more intense human disturbance that often negatively affects biodiversity. The aim of this study was to determine how tree species phylogenetic diversity is affected by traditional forest management types and to understand the change in community phylogenetic structure during succession. Four types of forests with different management histories were selected for this purpose: old growth forests, understorey planted old growth forests, old secondary forests (∼200-years after slash and burn), and young secondary forests (15–50-years after slash and burn). We found that tree phylogenetic community structure changed from clustering to over-dispersion from early to late successional forests and finally became random in old-growth forest. We also found that the phylogenetic structure of the tree overstorey and understorey responded differentially to change in environmental conditions during succession. In addition, we show that slash and burn agriculture (swidden cultivation) can increase landscape level plant community evolutionary information content. PMID:23936268

  19. 14 CFR 221.550 - Copies of tariffs made from filer's printer(s) located in Department's public reference room.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS... public reference room. Copies of information contained in a filer's on-line tariff database may be...

  20. 14 CFR 221.550 - Copies of tariffs made from filer's printer(s) located in Department's public reference room.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS... public reference room. Copies of information contained in a filer's on-line tariff database may be...

  1. 14 CFR 221.550 - Copies of tariffs made from filer's printer(s) located in Department's public reference room.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS... public reference room. Copies of information contained in a filer's on-line tariff database may be...

  2. 14 CFR 221.550 - Copies of tariffs made from filer's printer(s) located in Department's public reference room.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS... public reference room. Copies of information contained in a filer's on-line tariff database may be...

  3. Parallel imports and innovation in an emerging economy: the case of Indian pharmaceuticals.

    PubMed

    Mantovani, Andrea; Naghavi, Alireza

    2012-11-01

    This paper studies the impact of the re-importation of imitated pharmaceuticals as a by-product of an open policy toward parallel import (PI) on process innovation. Foreign investment by a firm to exploit a new unregulated market with weak intellectual property rights can give rise to imitation. These products can potentially re-enter the original country when PI is allowed influencing research and development (R&D) incentives. In an emerging economy with technologically heterogeneous firms, trade costs shift PI-related market share losses from the more to the less R&D efficient firm, inducing the former to strategically increase R&D. PI accompanied by tariffs also induces higher R&D effort by the technologically inferior firm when it results in an expansion of its sales abroad. A tariff on PI is most likely to increase welfare when the technological gap between the two firms at home is sufficiently large. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  4. Comparative analysis of port tariffs in the ESCAP region

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2002-01-01

    Ports of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) region have long-established tariff structures. Some tariffs are extremely complex while others are relatively simple. There is, however, an increasing desire on the part of...

  5. 18 CFR 341.2 - Filing requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS UNDER THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT OIL PIPELINE TARIFFS: OIL PIPELINE... filings. (1) Carriers must serve tariff publications and justifications to each shipper and subscriber... for its inability to accept electronic service. (b) Notice period. All tariff publications (except for...

  6. Renewable Energy Prices in State-Level Feed-in Tariffs: Federal Law Constraints and Possible Solutions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hempling, S.; Elefant, C.; Cory, K.

    State legislatures and state utility commissions trying to attract renewable energy projects are considering feed-in tariffs, which obligate retail utilities to purchase electricity from renewable producers under standard arrangements specifying prices, terms, and conditions. The use of feed-in tariffs simplifies the purchase process, provides revenue certainty to generators, and reduces the cost of financing generating projects. However, some argue that federal law--including the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA) and the Federal Power Act of 1935 (FPA)--constrain state-level feed-in tariffs. This report seeks to reduce the legal uncertainties for states contemplating feed-in tariffs by explaining the constraints imposedmore » by federal statutes. It describes the federal constraints, identifies transaction categories that are free of those constraints, and offers ways for state and federal policymakers to interpret or modify existing law to remove or reduce these constraints. This report proposes ways to revise these federal statutes. It creates a broad working definition of a state-level feed-in tariff. Given this definition, this report concludes there are paths to non-preempted, state-level feed-in tariffs under current federal law.« less

  7. Critical factors for achieving multiple goals with water tariff systems: Combining limited data sources and expert testimony

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dalhuisen, Jasper; Nijkamp, Peter

    2002-07-01

    Price instruments are well-known policy handles to influence effectively residential water demand. Prices used to be set by water authorities in such a way that the principle of cost coverage was respected; they acted as prominent instruments in residential water policies in the past decades. More recently, however, price instruments are increasingly used to meet simultaneously financial, environmental, and social goals. This paper addresses four conditions for an appropriate tariff system for residential water use which are often found in the recent literature on the economics of water use. The paper analyzes the importance of background factors (e.g., low water availability) of these four principles as well as the extent to which actual tariff systems are employed in five mutually contrasting cities (Amsterdam, Athens, London, Seville, and Tel Aviv). Meta-analytic techniques, in particular, rough set analysis stemming from artificial intelligence, are applied to identify the common underlying relations between background factors and success of achieving multiple goals in these five urban case studies. The paper concludes with policy recommendations.

  8. 76 FR 26750 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Documentation Requirements for Articles Entered Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-09

    ... Activities: Documentation Requirements for Articles Entered Under Various Special Tariff Treatment Provisions...: Documentation Requirements for Articles Entered Under Various Special Tariff Treatment Provisions. This request... collection: Title: Documentation Requirements for Articles Entered Under Various Special Tariff Treatment...

  9. 78 FR 71724 - Recordations, Water Carrier Tariffs, and Agricultural Contract Summaries

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-29

    ... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Surface Transportation Board Recordations, Water Carrier Tariffs, and Agricultural Contract Summaries AGENCY: Surface Transportation Board, DOT. ACTION: Notice of OMB Approval of..., Control Number 2140-0025 (2) Water Carrier Tariffs, Control Number 2140-26 (3) Agricultural Contract...

  10. 14 CFR 221.5 - Unauthorized air transportation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Unauthorized air transportation. 221.5... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS General § 221.5 Unauthorized air transportation. Tariff publications... Department's granting authority to perform the foreign air transportation covered by such tariff publications...

  11. [Impact of the new system of resource allocation on French public healthcare establishments].

    PubMed

    Accary-Bézard, Catherine

    2012-06-01

    The reform of the tarification according to activity is now in place with a "T2A" rate said to be 100%, ie the hospitals are paid based on the national tariffs for a stay in hospital. The reform will continue with a list of stays for which, each year, a single tariff between the public sector and the private sector is applied. This single tariff results from the "inter-sector tariff convergence" policy which is applied.

  12. 75 FR 48629 - Electronic Tariff Filing System (ETFS)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-11

    ...In this document, the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) seeks comment on extending the electronic tariff filing requirement for incumbent local exchange carriers to all carriers that file tariffs and related documents. Additionally, the Commission seeks comment on the appropriate time frame for implementing this proposed requirement. The Commission also seeks comment on the proposal that the Chief of the Wireline Competition Bureau administer the adoption of this extended electronic filing requirement. Also, the Commission seeks comment on proposed rule changes to implement mandatory electronic tariff filing.

  13. Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-03-13

    on Iranian pistachio nut imports in 1986 (over 300%) dampened imports of that product. In January 2003, the tariff on roasted pistachios was CRS-45...Says.” New York Sun, Mar. 25, 2005. lowered to 22% and on raw pistachios to 163%. In December 2004, U.S. sanctions were further modified to allow

  14. The impact of differences between patient and general population EQ-5D-3L values on the mean tariff scores of different patient groups.

    PubMed

    Little, Matthew H R; Reitmeir, Peter; Peters, Annette; Leidl, Reiner

    2014-06-01

    Health states can be valued by those who currently experience a health state (experienced health states [EHS]) or by the general public, who value a set of given health states (GHS) described to them. There has been debate over which method is more appropriate when making resource allocation decisions. This article informs this debate by assessing whether differences between these methods have an effect on the mean EQ-5D-3L tariff scores of different patient groups. The European tariff based on GHS valuations was compared with a German EHS tariff. Comparison was made in the context of EQ-5D-3L health states describing a number of diagnosed chronic diseases (stroke, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and cancer) taken from the Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region population surveys. Comparison was made of both the difference in weighting of the dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L and differences in mean tariff scores for patient groups. Weighting of the dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L were found to be systematically different. The EHS tariff gave significantly lower mean scores for most, but not all, patient groups despite tariff scores being lower for 213 of 243 EQ-5D-3L health states using the GHS tariff. Differences were found to vary between groups, with the largest change in difference being 5.45 in the multiple stoke group. The two tariffs have systematic differences that in certain patient groups could drive the results of an economic evaluation. Therefore, the choice as to which is used may be critical when making resource allocation decisions. Copyright © 2014 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  15. The Impact of Utility Tariff Evolution on Behind-the-Meter PV Adoption

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cole, Wesley J; Gagnon, Pieter J; Frew, Bethany A

    This analysis uses a new method to link the NREL Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) capacity expansion model with the NREL distributed generation market demand model (dGen) to explore the impact that the evolution of retail electricity tariffs can have on the adoption of distributed photovoltaics (DPV). The evolution most notably takes the form of decreased mid-day electricity costs, as low-cost PV reduces the marginal cost of electricity during those hours and the changes are subsequently communicated to electricity consumers through tariffs. We find that even under the low PV prices of the new SunShot targets the financial performance ofmore » DPV under evolved tariffs still motivates behind-the-meter adoption, despite significant reduction in the costs of electricity during afternoon periods driven by deployment of cheap utility-scale PV. The amount of DPV in 2050 in these low-cost futures ranged from 206 GW to 263 GW, a 13-fold and 16-fold increase over 2016 adoption levels respectively. From a utility planner's perspective, the representation of tariff evolution has noteworthy impacts on forecasted DPV adoption in scenarios with widespread time-of-use tariffs. Scenarios that projected adoption under a portfolio of time-of-use tariffs, but did not represent the evolution of those tariffs, predicted up to 36 percent more DPV in 2050, compared to scenarios that did not represent that evolution. Lastly, we find that a reduction in DPV deployment resulting from evolved tariffs had a negligible impact on the total generation from PV - both utility-scale and distributed - in the scenarios we examined. Any reduction in DPV generation was replaced with utility-scale PV generation, to arrive at the quantity that makes up the least-cost portfolio.« less

  16. 46 CFR 520.3 - Publication responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... AUTOMATED TARIFFS § 520.3 Publication responsibilities. (a) General. Unless otherwise exempted by § 520.13, all common carriers and conferences shall keep open for public inspection, in automated tariff systems.... Conferences shall publish, in their automated tariff systems, rates offered pursuant to independent action by...

  17. Exploring the impact of network tariffs on household electricity expenditures using load profiles and socio-economic characteristics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Azarova, Valeriya; Engel, Dominik; Ferner, Cornelia; Kollmann, Andrea; Reichl, Johannes

    2018-04-01

    Growing self-generation and storage are expected to cause significant changes in residential electricity utilization patterns. Commonly applied volumetric network tariffs may induce imbalance between different groups of households and their respective contribution to recovering the operating costs of the grid. Understanding consumer behaviour and appliance usage together with socio-economic factors can help regulatory authorities to adapt network tariffs to new circumstances in a fair way. Here, we assess the effects of 11 network tariff scenarios on household budgets using real load profiles from 765 households. Thus we explore the possibly disruptive impact of applying peak-load-based tariffs on the budgets of households when they have been mainly charged for consumed volumes before. Our analysis estimates the change in household network expenditure for different combinations of energy, peak and fixed charges, and can help to design tariffs that recover the costs needed for the sustainable operation of the grid.

  18. Effects of Apollo 12 lunar material on lipid levels of tobacco tissue and slash pine cultures

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Weete, J. D.

    1972-01-01

    Investigations of the lipid components of pine tissues (Pinus elloitii) are discussed, emphasizing fatty acids and steroids. The response by slash pine tissue cultures to growth in contact with Apollo lunar soil, earth basalt, and Iowa soil is studied. Tissue cultures of tobacco grown for 12 weeks in contact with lunar material from Apollo 12 flight contained 21 to 35 percent more total pigment than control tissues. No differences were noted in the fresh or dry weight of the experimental and control samples.

  19. Building a Better Ace: Restructuring The Marine Expeditionary Unit’s Air Combat Elements in the MV-22 ERA

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-01-01

    FROM, ABSTRACTION FROM, OR REPRODUCTION OF ALL OR ANY PART OF THIS DOCUMENT IS PERMITTED PROVIDED PROPER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IS MADE. 1 Executive Summary...aft slash) typically reserved for two CH-53E Super Stallions and all six AV-8B Harriers, and a forward aircraft staging area (forward slash). The...Ospreys, with detachments of four CH-53Es Super Stallions , four AH-lW Cobras, two UH-IN Hueys, and six AV-8B Harriers. This configuration can be

  20. Battle for Climate and Scarcity Rents: Beyond the Linear-Quadratic Case.

    PubMed

    Kagan, Mark; van der Ploeg, Frederick; Withagen, Cees

    Industria imports oil, produces final goods and wishes to mitigate global warming. Oilrabia exports oil and buys final goods from the other country. Industria uses the carbon tax to impose an import tariff on oil and steal some of Oilrabia's scarcity rent. Conversely, Oilrabia has monopoly power and sets the oil price to steal some of Industria's climate rent. We analyze the relative speeds of oil extraction and carbon accumulation under these strategic interactions for various production function specifications and compare these with the efficient and competitive outcomes. We prove that for the class of HARA production functions, the oil price is initially higher and subsequently lower in the open-loop Nash equilibrium than in the efficient outcome. The oil extraction rate is thus initially too low and in later stages too high. The HARA class includes linear, loglinear and semi-loglinear demand functions as special cases. For non-HARA production functions, Oilrabia may in the open-loop Nash equilibrium initially price oil lower than the efficient level, thus resulting in more oil extraction and climate damages. We also contrast the open-loop Nash and efficient outcomes numerically with the feedback Nash outcomes. We find that the optimal carbon tax path in the feedback Nash equilibrium is flatter than in the open-loop Nash equilibrium. It turns out that for certain demand functions using the carbon tax as an import tariff may hurt consumers' welfare as the resulting user cost of oil is so high that the fall in welfare wipes out the gain from higher tariff revenues.

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Top