Sample records for source term identification

  1. A Parameter Identification Method for Helicopter Noise Source Identification and Physics-Based Semi-Empirical Modeling

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Greenwood, Eric, II; Schmitz, Fredric H.

    2010-01-01

    A new physics-based parameter identification method for rotor harmonic noise sources is developed using an acoustic inverse simulation technique. This new method allows for the identification of individual rotor harmonic noise sources and allows them to be characterized in terms of their individual non-dimensional governing parameters. This new method is applied to both wind tunnel measurements and ground noise measurements of two-bladed rotors. The method is shown to match the parametric trends of main rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise, allowing accurate estimates of BVI noise to be made for operating conditions based on a small number of measurements taken at different operating conditions.

  2. Refinement of Regional Distance Seismic Moment Tensor and Uncertainty Analysis for Source-Type Identification

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-09-01

    a NSS that lies in this negative explosion positive CLVD quadrant due to the large degree of tectonic release in this event that reversed the phase...Mellman (1986) in their analysis of fundamental model Love and Rayleigh wave amplitude and phase for nuclear and tectonic release source terms, and...1986). Estimating explosion and tectonic release source parameters of underground nuclear explosions from Rayleigh and Love wave observations, Air

  3. Fundamental Rotorcraft Acoustic Modeling From Experiments (FRAME)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Greenwood, Eric

    2011-01-01

    A new methodology is developed for the construction of helicopter source noise models for use in mission planning tools from experimental measurements of helicopter external noise radiation. The models are constructed by employing a parameter identification method to an assumed analytical model of the rotor harmonic noise sources. This new method allows for the identification of individual rotor harmonic noise sources and allows them to be characterized in terms of their individual non-dimensional governing parameters. The method is applied to both wind tunnel measurements and ground noise measurements of two-bladed rotors. The method is shown to match the parametric trends of main rotor harmonic noise, allowing accurate estimates of the dominant rotorcraft noise sources to be made for operating conditions based on a small number of measurements taken at different operating conditions. The ability of this method to estimate changes in noise radiation due to changes in ambient conditions is also demonstrated.

  4. 2005 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission Report. Volume 2

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-01-01

    known as the Superfund, is the legal framework for the identification, restoration, and transfer of contaminated property. In 1986, CERCLA was revised...place and operating pursuant to an approved remedial design. This allows the transfer prior to complete remediation of contamination , (source: 2005...uncontaminated parcels at closing bases while long-term cleanup of contaminated parcels continues, (source: 2005 BRAC Commission) CERTIFIED DATA P.L

  5. Extending the Lincoln-Petersen estimator for multiple identifications in one source.

    PubMed

    Köse, T; Orman, M; Ikiz, F; Baksh, M F; Gallagher, J; Böhning, D

    2014-10-30

    The Lincoln-Petersen estimator is one of the most popular estimators used in capture-recapture studies. It was developed for a sampling situation in which two sources independently identify members of a target population. For each of the two sources, it is determined if a unit of the target population is identified or not. This leads to a 2 × 2 table with frequencies f11 ,f10 ,f01 ,f00 indicating the number of units identified by both sources, by the first but not the second source, by the second but not the first source and not identified by any of the two sources, respectively. However, f00 is unobserved so that the 2 × 2 table is incomplete and the Lincoln-Petersen estimator provides an estimate for f00 . In this paper, we consider a generalization of this situation for which one source provides not only a binary identification outcome but also a count outcome of how many times a unit has been identified. Using a truncated Poisson count model, truncating multiple identifications larger than two, we propose a maximum likelihood estimator of the Poisson parameter and, ultimately, of the population size. This estimator shows benefits, in comparison with Lincoln-Petersen's, in terms of bias and efficiency. It is possible to test the homogeneity assumption that is not testable in the Lincoln-Petersen framework. The approach is applied to surveillance data on syphilis from Izmir, Turkey. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  6. Teaching Burke Using Advertisements.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Larson, Charles U.

    Kenneth Burke's concepts of identification, the five terms of dramatism, and strategic uses of ambiguity can be successfully taught to undergraduates if appropriate and familiar examples are used. Print and electronic advertising offer the instructor an up-to-date, familiar, and abundant source of classroom examples. Market segmentation models…

  7. Acoustic constituents of prosodic typology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Komatsu, Masahiko

    Different languages sound different, and considerable part of it derives from the typological difference of prosody. Although such difference is often referred to as lexical accent types (stress accent, pitch accent, and tone; e.g. English, Japanese, and Chinese respectively) and rhythm types (stress-, syllable-, and mora-timed rhythms; e.g. English, Spanish, and Japanese respectively), it is unclear whether these types are determined in terms of acoustic properties, The thesis intends to provide a potential basis for the description of prosody in terms of acoustics. It argues for the hypothesis that the source component of the source-filter model (acoustic features) approximately corresponds to prosody (linguistic features) through several experimental-phonetic studies. The study consists of four parts. (1) Preliminary experiment: Perceptual language identification tests were performed using English and Japanese speech samples whose frequency spectral information (i.e. non-source component) is heavily reduced. The results indicated that humans can discriminate languages with such signals. (2) Discussion on the linguistic information that the source component contains: This part constitutes the foundation of the argument of the thesis. Perception tests of consonants with the source signal indicated that the source component carries the information on broad categories of phonemes that contributes to the creation of rhythm. (3) Acoustic analysis: The speech samples of Chinese, English, Japanese, and Spanish, differing in prosodic types, were analyzed. These languages showed difference in acoustic characteristics of the source component. (4) Perceptual experiment: A language identification test for the above four languages was performed using the source signal with its acoustic features parameterized. It revealed that humans can discriminate prosodic types solely with the source features and that the discrimination is easier as acoustic information increases. The series of studies showed the correspondence of the source component to prosodic features. In linguistics, prosodic types have not been discussed purely in terms of acoustics; they are usually related to the function of prosody or phonological units such as phonemes. The present thesis focuses on acoustics and makes a contribution to establishing the crosslinguistic description system of prosody.

  8. Uncertainty, variability, and earthquake physics in ground‐motion prediction equations

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Baltay, Annemarie S.; Hanks, Thomas C.; Abrahamson, Norm A.

    2017-01-01

    Residuals between ground‐motion data and ground‐motion prediction equations (GMPEs) can be decomposed into terms representing earthquake source, path, and site effects. These terms can be cast in terms of repeatable (epistemic) residuals and the random (aleatory) components. Identifying the repeatable residuals leads to a GMPE with reduced uncertainty for a specific source, site, or path location, which in turn can yield a lower hazard level at small probabilities of exceedance. We illustrate a schematic framework for this residual partitioning with a dataset from the ANZA network, which straddles the central San Jacinto fault in southern California. The dataset consists of more than 3200 1.15≤M≤3 earthquakes and their peak ground accelerations (PGAs), recorded at close distances (R≤20  km). We construct a small‐magnitude GMPE for these PGA data, incorporating VS30 site conditions and geometrical spreading. Identification and removal of the repeatable source, path, and site terms yield an overall reduction in the standard deviation from 0.97 (in ln units) to 0.44, for a nonergodic assumption, that is, for a single‐source location, single site, and single path. We give examples of relationships between independent seismological observables and the repeatable terms. We find a correlation between location‐based source terms and stress drops in the San Jacinto fault zone region; an explanation of the site term as a function of kappa, the near‐site attenuation parameter; and a suggestion that the path component can be related directly to elastic structure. These correlations allow the repeatable source location, site, and path terms to be determined a priori using independent geophysical relationships. Those terms could be incorporated into location‐specific GMPEs for more accurate and precise ground‐motion prediction.

  9. SOURCE IDENTIFICATION OF PM2.5 IN AN ARID NORTHWEST U.S. CITY BY POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION. (R827355C008)

    EPA Science Inventory

    Spokane, WA is prone to frequent particulate pollution episodes due to dust storms, biomass burning, and periods of stagnant meteorological conditions. Spokane is the location of a long-term study examining the association between health effects and chemical or physical consti...

  10. Groundwater Pollution Source Identification using Linked ANN-Optimization Model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ayaz, Md; Srivastava, Rajesh; Jain, Ashu

    2014-05-01

    Groundwater is the principal source of drinking water in several parts of the world. Contamination of groundwater has become a serious health and environmental problem today. Human activities including industrial and agricultural activities are generally responsible for this contamination. Identification of groundwater pollution source is a major step in groundwater pollution remediation. Complete knowledge of pollution source in terms of its source characteristics is essential to adopt an effective remediation strategy. Groundwater pollution source is said to be identified completely when the source characteristics - location, strength and release period - are known. Identification of unknown groundwater pollution source is an ill-posed inverse problem. It becomes more difficult for real field conditions, when the lag time between the first reading at observation well and the time at which the source becomes active is not known. We developed a linked ANN-Optimization model for complete identification of an unknown groundwater pollution source. The model comprises two parts- an optimization model and an ANN model. Decision variables of linked ANN-Optimization model contain source location and release period of pollution source. An objective function is formulated using the spatial and temporal data of observed and simulated concentrations, and then minimized to identify the pollution source parameters. In the formulation of the objective function, we require the lag time which is not known. An ANN model with one hidden layer is trained using Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to find the lag time. Different combinations of source locations and release periods are used as inputs and lag time is obtained as the output. Performance of the proposed model is evaluated for two and three dimensional case with error-free and erroneous data. Erroneous data was generated by adding uniformly distributed random error (error level 0-10%) to the analytically computed concentration values. The main advantage of the proposed model is that it requires only upper half of the breakthrough curve and is capable of predicting source parameters when the lag time is not known. Linking of ANN model with proposed optimization model reduces the dimensionality of the decision variables of the optimization model by one and hence complexity of optimization model is reduced. The results show that our proposed linked ANN-Optimization model is able to predict the source parameters for the error-free data accurately. The proposed model was run several times to obtain the mean, standard deviation and interval estimate of the predicted parameters for observations with random measurement errors. It was observed that mean values as predicted by the model were quite close to the exact values. An increasing trend was observed in the standard deviation of the predicted values with increasing level of measurement error. The model appears to be robust and may be efficiently utilized to solve the inverse pollution source identification problem.

  11. Functional Analysis in Long-Term Operation of High Power UV-LEDs in Continuous Fluoro-Sensing Systems for Hydrocarbon Pollution

    PubMed Central

    Arques-Orobon, Francisco Jose; Nuñez, Neftali; Vazquez, Manuel; Gonzalez-Posadas, Vicente

    2016-01-01

    This work analyzes the long-term functionality of HP (High-power) UV-LEDs (Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes) as the exciting light source in non-contact, continuous 24/7 real-time fluoro-sensing pollutant identification in inland water. Fluorescence is an effective alternative in the detection and identification of hydrocarbons. The HP UV-LEDs are more advantageous than classical light sources (xenon and mercury lamps) and helps in the development of a low cost, non-contact, and compact system for continuous real-time fieldwork. This work analyzes the wavelength, output optical power, and the effects of viscosity, temperature of the water pollutants, and the functional consistency for long-term HP UV-LED working operation. To accomplish the latter, an analysis of the influence of two types 365 nm HP UV-LEDs degradation under two continuous real-system working mode conditions was done, by temperature Accelerated Life Tests (ALTs). These tests estimate the mean life under continuous working conditions of 6200 h and for cycled working conditions (30 s ON & 30 s OFF) of 66,000 h, over 7 years of 24/7 operating life of hydrocarbon pollution monitoring. In addition, the durability in the face of the internal and external parameter system variations is evaluated. PMID:26927113

  12. Functional Analysis in Long-Term Operation of High Power UV-LEDs in Continuous Fluoro-Sensing Systems for Hydrocarbon Pollution.

    PubMed

    Arques-Orobon, Francisco Jose; Nuñez, Neftali; Vazquez, Manuel; Gonzalez-Posadas, Vicente

    2016-02-26

    This work analyzes the long-term functionality of HP (High-power) UV-LEDs (Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes) as the exciting light source in non-contact, continuous 24/7 real-time fluoro-sensing pollutant identification in inland water. Fluorescence is an effective alternative in the detection and identification of hydrocarbons. The HP UV-LEDs are more advantageous than classical light sources (xenon and mercury lamps) and helps in the development of a low cost, non-contact, and compact system for continuous real-time fieldwork. This work analyzes the wavelength, output optical power, and the effects of viscosity, temperature of the water pollutants, and the functional consistency for long-term HP UV-LED working operation. To accomplish the latter, an analysis of the influence of two types 365 nm HP UV-LEDs degradation under two continuous real-system working mode conditions was done, by temperature Accelerated Life Tests (ALTs). These tests estimate the mean life under continuous working conditions of 6200 h and for cycled working conditions (30 s ON & 30 s OFF) of 66,000 h, over 7 years of 24/7 operating life of hydrocarbon pollution monitoring. In addition, the durability in the face of the internal and external parameter system variations is evaluated.

  13. Identification of Spurious Signals from Permeable Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings Surfaces

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lopes, Leonard V.; Boyd, David D., Jr.; Nark, Douglas M.; Wiedemann, Karl E.

    2017-01-01

    Integral forms of the permeable surface formulation of the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) equation often require an input in the form of a near field Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution to predict noise in the near or far field from various types of geometries. The FW-H equation involves three source terms; two surface terms (monopole and dipole) and a volume term (quadrupole). Many solutions to the FW-H equation, such as several of Farassat's formulations, neglect the quadrupole term. Neglecting the quadrupole term in permeable surface formulations leads to inaccuracies called spurious signals. This paper explores the concept of spurious signals, explains how they are generated by specifying the acoustic and hydrodynamic surface properties individually, and provides methods to determine their presence, regardless of whether a correction algorithm is employed. A potential approach based on the equivalent sources method (ESM) and the sensitivity of Formulation 1A (Formulation S1A) is also discussed for the removal of spurious signals.

  14. Coupling long and short term decisions in the design of urban water supply infrastructure for added reliability and flexibility

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marques, G.; Fraga, C. C. S.; Medellin-Azuara, J.

    2016-12-01

    The expansion and operation of urban water supply systems under growing demands, hydrologic uncertainty and water scarcity requires a strategic combination of supply sources for reliability, reduced costs and improved operational flexibility. The design and operation of such portfolio of water supply sources involves integration of long and short term planning to determine what and when to expand, and how much to use of each supply source accounting for interest rates, economies of scale and hydrologic variability. This research presents an integrated methodology coupling dynamic programming optimization with quadratic programming to optimize the expansion (long term) and operations (short term) of multiple water supply alternatives. Lagrange Multipliers produced by the short-term model provide a signal about the marginal opportunity cost of expansion to the long-term model, in an iterative procedure. A simulation model hosts the water supply infrastructure and hydrologic conditions. Results allow (a) identification of trade offs between cost and reliability of different expansion paths and water use decisions; (b) evaluation of water transfers between urban supply systems; and (c) evaluation of potential gains by reducing water system losses as a portfolio component. The latter is critical in several developing countries where water supply system losses are high and often neglected in favor of more system expansion.

  15. Increased identification of the primary care provider as the main source of asthma care among urban minority children.

    PubMed

    Iqbal, Sabah F; Jiggetts, Jennifer; Silverbrook, Cheryl; Shelef, Deborah Q; McCarter, Robert; Teach, Stephen J

    2016-11-01

    Urban, minority, and disadvantaged youth with asthma frequently use emergency departments (EDs) for episodic asthma care instead of their primary care providers (PCPs). We sought to increase the rate of guardians' identification of the PCP as the source of asthma care for their children through integrated electronic health records and care coordination. In this prospective cohort study, we implemented an electronic communication process between an asthma specialty clinic and PCPs coupled with short-term care coordination in sample of youth aged 2-12 years with asthma and surveyed their guardians at baseline and 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Guardians of 50 children (median age 5.8 years, 64% male, 98% African American, 94% public insurance) were enrolled. Compared to baseline, at 3 and 6 months after the intervention, significantly more guardians reported that the PCP was their child's primary asthma health care provider [70% at baseline, 85% at 3 months, 83% at 6 months (time averaged adjusted OR 77.4, 95% CI 3.0, 2027.1]. Further, significantly more guardians reported that they took their child to the PCP when the child experienced problems with his/her asthma [16% at baseline, 35% at 3 months, 41% at 6 months (time averaged adjusted odds ratio (OR) 10.6, 95% CI 2.7, 41.7]. Care in a subspecialty asthma clinic augmented by electronic communication with PCPs and short term care coordination was associated with significantly improved identification of PCPs as the primary source of asthma care in a cohort of urban minority youth.

  16. The Identification of EGRET Sources with Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mattox, J. R.; Schachter, J.; Molnar, L.; Hartman, R. C.; Patnaik, A. R.

    1997-05-01

    We present a method to assess the reliability of the identification of EGRET sources with extragalactic radio sources. We verify that EGRET is detecting the blazar class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, many published identifications are found to be questionable. We provide a table of 42 blazars that we expect to be robust identifications of EGRET sources. This includes one previously unidentified EGRET source, the lensed AGN PKS 1830-210, near the direction of the Galactic center. We provide the best available positions for 16 more radio sources that are also potential identifications for previously unidentified EGRET sources. All high Galactic latitude EGRET sources (|b| > 3°) that demonstrate significant variability can be identified with flat-spectrum radio sources. This suggests that EGRET is not detecting any type of AGN other than blazars. This identification method has been used to establish with 99.998% confidence that the peak γ-ray flux of a blazar is correlated with its average 5 GHz radio flux. An even better correlation is seen between γ-ray flux and the 2.29 GHz flux density measured with VLBI at the base of the radio jet. Also, using high-confidence identifications, we find that the radio sources identified with EGRET sources have greater correlated VLBI flux densities than the parent population of flat radio spectrum sources.

  17. Source and identification of heavy ions in the equatorial F layer.

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hanson, W. B.; Sterling, D. L.; Woodman, R. F.

    1972-01-01

    Further evidence is presented to show that the interpretation of some Ogo 6 retarding potential analyzer (RPA) results in terms of ambient Fe+ ions is correct. The Fe+ ions are observed only within dip latitudes of plus or minus 30 deg, and the reason for this latitudinal specificity is discussed in terms of a low-altitude source region and F region diffusion and electrodynamic drift. It is shown that the polarization field associated with the equatorial electrojet will raise ions to 160 km out of a chemical source region below 100 km but it will do so only in a narrow region centered on the dip equator. Subsequent vertical ExB drift, coupled with motions along the magnetic fields, can move the ions to greater heights and greater latitudes. There should be a resultant fountain of metallic ions rising near the equator that subsequently descends back to the E and D layers at tropical latitudes.

  18. Laser Scanning Systems and Techniques in Rockfall Source Identification and Risk Assessment: A Critical Review

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fanos, Ali Mutar; Pradhan, Biswajeet

    2018-04-01

    Rockfall poses risk to people, their properties and to transportation ways in mountainous and hilly regions. This catastrophe shows various characteristics such as vast distribution, sudden occurrence, variable magnitude, strong fatalness and randomicity. Therefore, prediction of rockfall phenomenon both spatially and temporally is a challenging task. Digital Terrain model (DTM) is one of the most significant elements in rockfall source identification and risk assessment. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is the most advanced effective technique to derive high-resolution and accurate DTM. This paper presents a critical overview of rockfall phenomenon (definition, triggering factors, motion modes and modeling) and LiDAR technique in terms of data pre-processing, DTM generation and the factors that can be obtained from this technique for rockfall source identification and risk assessment. It also reviews the existing methods that are utilized for the evaluation of the rockfall trajectories and their characteristics (frequency, velocity, bouncing height and kinetic energy), probability, susceptibility, hazard and risk. Detail consideration is given on quantitative methodologies in addition to the qualitative ones. Various methods are demonstrated with respect to their application scales (local and regional). Additionally, attention is given to the latest improvement, particularly including the consideration of the intensity of the phenomena and the magnitude of the events at chosen sites.

  19. [Surgical treatment of lower digestive tract hemorrhage. Experience at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán].

    PubMed

    García-Osogobio, Sandra; Remes-Troche, José María; Takahashi, Takeshi; Barreto Camilo, Juan; Uscanga, Luis

    2002-01-01

    Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is usually self-limiting in about 80% of cases; however, surgical treatment may be required in selected cases. Preoperative precise identification of the bleeding source is crucial for a successful outcome. To determine the most frequent diagnoses, as well as short and long-term results in a series of patients who underwent a surgical procedure for lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Retrospective analysis of 39 patients operated upon for lower gastrointestinal bleeding from 1979 through 1997 in a referral center. Demographic data, history, physical examination, laboratory tests, resuscitative measures, preoperative work-up for identification of bleeding source, definitive cause of bleeding, surgical procedure, operative morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term status and recurrence of bleeding were recorded. There were 54% women and 46% men. Mean age was 56 years (range, 15-92). Most patients presented hematochezia (69%). Colonoscopy was the most used diagnostic procedure (69%). The bleeding source was located in 90% of patients. Diverticular disease was the most frequent cause of bleeding. A segmental bowel resection was the treatment in 97% of cases. Morbidity was 23% with 18% of mortality. Recurrence occurred in 9% of survivors. Morbidity and mortality were high. Patients who require a surgical operation should be carefully selected and evaluated with a complete work-up to determine the site and cause of bleeding.

  20. An IR-Based Approach Utilizing Query Expansion for Plagiarism Detection in MEDLINE.

    PubMed

    Nawab, Rao Muhammad Adeel; Stevenson, Mark; Clough, Paul

    2017-01-01

    The identification of duplicated and plagiarized passages of text has become an increasingly active area of research. In this paper, we investigate methods for plagiarism detection that aim to identify potential sources of plagiarism from MEDLINE, particularly when the original text has been modified through the replacement of words or phrases. A scalable approach based on Information Retrieval is used to perform candidate document selection-the identification of a subset of potential source documents given a suspicious text-from MEDLINE. Query expansion is performed using the ULMS Metathesaurus to deal with situations in which original documents are obfuscated. Various approaches to Word Sense Disambiguation are investigated to deal with cases where there are multiple Concept Unique Identifiers (CUIs) for a given term. Results using the proposed IR-based approach outperform a state-of-the-art baseline based on Kullback-Leibler Distance.

  1. Social Identities in a Globalized World: Challenges and Opportunities for Collective Action.

    PubMed

    Rosenmann, Amir; Reese, Gerhard; Cameron, James E

    2016-03-01

    Globalization-the increasing interconnectedness of societies, economies, and cultures-is a defining feature of contemporary social life. Paradoxically, it underlies both the dynamics of global crises (e.g., rising inequality, climate change) and the possibilities for ameliorating them. In this review, we introduce globalization as a multifaceted process and elaborate its psychological effects with respect to identity, culture, and collective action. Using a social identity approach, we discuss three foci of identification: local culture, globalized Western culture, and humanity in its entirety. Each source of identification is analyzed in terms of its psychological meaning and position vis-à-vis the global power structure. Globalized Western culture forms the basis for an exclusive globalized identity, which privileges only some cultures and ways of life. We conceptualize reactions to its core values in terms of cultural identification and rejection and acceptance of, or opposition to, its global social order. Opposition to this inequitable global order is central to inclusive globalized identities (e.g., identification with humanity). These identities may encourage globally minded collective action, even as more research is needed to address their potential caveats. We consider possibilities for social change and action and conclude that a focused application of psychological science to the study of these issues is overdue. © The Author(s) 2016.

  2. 40 CFR 62.9110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.9110 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants. (1) National Zinc Co...] Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  3. 40 CFR 62.9110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.9110 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants. (1) National Zinc Co...] Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  4. Inversion of Atmospheric Tracer Measurements, Localization of Sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Issartel, J.-P.; Cabrit, B.; Hourdin, F.; Idelkadi, A.

    When abnormal concentrations of a pollutant are observed in the atmosphere, the question of its origin arises immediately. The radioactivity from Tchernobyl was de- tected in Sweden before the accident was announced. This situation emphasizes the psychological, political and medical stakes of a rapid identification of sources. In tech- nical terms, most industrial sources can be modeled as a fixed point at ground level with undetermined duration. The classical method of identification involves the cal- culation of a backtrajectory departing from the detector with an upstream integration of the wind field. We were first involved in such questions as we evaluated the ef- ficiency of the international monitoring network planned in the frame of the Com- prehensive Test Ban Treaty. We propose a new approach of backtracking based upon the use of retroplumes associated to available measurements. Firstly the retroplume is related to inverse transport processes, describing quantitatively how the air in a sam- ple originates from regions that are all the more extended and diffuse as we go back far in the past. Secondly it clarifies the sensibility of the measurement with respect to all potential sources. It is therefore calculated by adjoint equations including of course diffusive processes. Thirdly, the statistical interpretation, valid as far as sin- gle particles are concerned, should not be used to investigate the position and date of a macroscopic source. In that case, the retroplume rather induces a straightforward constraint between the intensity of the source and its position. When more than one measurements are available, including zero valued measurements, the source satisfies the same number of linear relations tightly related to the retroplumes. This system of linear relations can be handled through the simplex algorithm in order to make the above intensity-position correlation more restrictive. This method enables to manage in a quantitative manner the unavoidable ambiguity of atmospheric phenomena. When several measurements are available the ambiguity about the identification of a source is reduced significantly.

  5. Pollutant source identification model for water pollution incidents in small straight rivers based on genetic algorithm

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Shou-ping; Xin, Xiao-kang

    2017-07-01

    Identification of pollutant sources for river pollution incidents is an important and difficult task in the emergency rescue, and an intelligent optimization method can effectively compensate for the weakness of traditional methods. An intelligent model for pollutant source identification has been established using the basic genetic algorithm (BGA) as an optimization search tool and applying an analytic solution formula of one-dimensional unsteady water quality equation to construct the objective function. Experimental tests show that the identification model is effective and efficient: the model can accurately figure out the pollutant amounts or positions no matter single pollution source or multiple sources. Especially when the population size of BGA is set as 10, the computing results are sound agree with analytic results for a single source amount and position identification, the relative errors are no more than 5 %. For cases of multi-point sources and multi-variable, there are some errors in computing results for the reasons that there exist many possible combinations of the pollution sources. But, with the help of previous experience to narrow the search scope, the relative errors of the identification results are less than 5 %, which proves the established source identification model can be used to direct emergency responses.

  6. Forensic dentistry in human identification: A review of the literature.

    PubMed

    Ata-Ali, Javier; Ata-Ali, Fadi

    2014-04-01

    An update is provided of the literature on the role of odontology in human identification, based on a PubMed-Medline search of the last 5 years and using the terms: "forensic dentistry" (n = 464 articles), "forensic odontology" (n = 141 articles) and "forensic dentistry identification" (n = 169 articles). Apart from these initial 774 articles, others considered to be important and which were generated by a manual search and cited as references in review articles were also included. Forensic dentistry requires interdisciplinary knowledge, since the data obtained from the oral cavity can contribute to identify an individual or provide information needed in a legal process. Furthermore, the data obtained from the oral cavity can narrow the search range of an individual and play a key role in the victim identification process following mass disasters or catastrophes. This literature search covering the last 5 years describes the novelties referred to buccodental studies in comparative identification, buccodental evaluation in reconstructive identification, human bites as a method for identifying the aggressor, and the role of DNA in dental identification. The oral cavity is a rich and noninvasive source of DNA, and can be used to solve problems of a social, economic or legal nature. Key words:Forensic identification, DNA, forensic dentistry, rugoscopy, cheiloscopy, saliva.

  7. 40 CFR 62.10860 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.10860 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Diamond-Shamrock... Inc. in Deer Park, Texas. (6) Stauffer Chemical Company in Baytown, Texas. (7) Stauffer Chemical...

  8. 40 CFR 62.10860 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.10860 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Diamond-Shamrock... Inc. in Deer Park, Texas. (6) Stauffer Chemical Company in Baytown, Texas. (7) Stauffer Chemical...

  9. 40 CFR 62.10860 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.10860 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Diamond-Shamrock... Inc. in Deer Park, Texas. (6) Stauffer Chemical Company in Baytown, Texas. (7) Stauffer Chemical...

  10. 40 CFR 62.10860 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.10860 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Diamond-Shamrock... Inc. in Deer Park, Texas. (6) Stauffer Chemical Company in Baytown, Texas. (7) Stauffer Chemical...

  11. 40 CFR 62.10860 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.10860 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Diamond-Shamrock... Inc. in Deer Park, Texas. (6) Stauffer Chemical Company in Baytown, Texas. (7) Stauffer Chemical...

  12. 40 CFR 62.10632 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ....10632 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to all existing HMWI facilities at St. Jude Children's... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10632 Section 62.10632 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...

  13. Analysis of the load selection on the error of source characteristics identification for an engine exhaust system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zheng, Sifa; Liu, Haitao; Dan, Jiabi; Lian, Xiaomin

    2015-05-01

    Linear time-invariant assumption for the determination of acoustic source characteristics, the source strength and the source impedance in the frequency domain has been proved reasonable in the design of an exhaust system. Different methods have been proposed to its identification and the multi-load method is widely used for its convenience by varying the load number and impedance. Theoretical error analysis has rarely been referred to and previous results have shown an overdetermined set of open pipes can reduce the identification error. This paper contributes a theoretical error analysis for the load selection. The relationships between the error in the identification of source characteristics and the load selection were analysed. A general linear time-invariant model was built based on the four-load method. To analyse the error of the source impedance, an error estimation function was proposed. The dispersion of the source pressure was obtained by an inverse calculation as an indicator to detect the accuracy of the results. It was found that for a certain load length, the load resistance at the frequency points of one-quarter wavelength of odd multiples results in peaks and in the maximum error for source impedance identification. Therefore, the load impedance of frequency range within the one-quarter wavelength of odd multiples should not be used for source impedance identification. If the selected loads have more similar resistance values (i.e., the same order of magnitude), the identification error of the source impedance could be effectively reduced.

  14. Fermi Large Area Telescope First Source Catalog

    DOE PAGES

    Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; ...

    2010-05-25

    Here, we present a catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary science instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi), during the first 11 months of the science phase of the mission, which began on 2008 August 4. The First Fermi-LAT catalog (1FGL) contains 1451 sources detected and characterized in the 100 MeV to 100 GeV range. Source detection was based on the average flux over the 11 month period, and the threshold likelihood Test Statistic is 25, corresponding to a significance of just over 4σ. The 1FGL catalog includes source location regions,more » defined in terms of elliptical fits to the 95% confidence regions and power-law spectral fits as well as flux measurements in five energy bands for each source. In addition, monthly light curves are provided. Using a protocol defined before launch we have tested for several populations of gamma-ray sources among the sources in the catalog. For individual LAT-detected sources we provide firm identifications or plausible associations with sources in other astronomical catalogs. Identifications are based on correlated variability with counterparts at other wavelengths, or on spin or orbital periodicity. For the catalogs and association criteria that we have selected, 630 of the sources are unassociated. In conclusion, care was taken to characterize the sensitivity of the results to the model of interstellar diffuse gamma-ray emission used to model the bright foreground, with the result that 161 sources at low Galactic latitudes and toward bright local interstellar clouds are flagged as having properties that are strongly dependent on the model or as potentially being due to incorrectly modeled structure in the Galactic diffuse emission.« less

  15. Identification of Blood Meal Sources in Aedes vexans and Culex quinquefasciatus in Bernalillo County, New Mexico

    PubMed Central

    Greenberg, Jacob A.; Lujan, Daniel A.; DiMenna, Mark A.; Wearing, Helen J.; Hofkin, Bruce V.

    2013-01-01

    Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes vexans Meigen are two of the most abundant mosquitoes in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, USA. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction based methodology was used to identify the sources of blood meals taken by these two species. Ae. vexans was found to take a large proportion of its meals from mammals. Although less specific in terms of its blood meal preferences, Cx. quinquefasciatus was found to feed more commonly on birds. The results for Ae. vexans are similar to those reported for this species in other parts of their geographic range. Cx. quinquefasciatus appears to be more variable in terms of its host feeding under different environmental or seasonal circumstances. The implications of these results for arbovirus transmission are discussed. PMID:24224615

  16. 40 CFR 62.9110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.9110 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants. (1) National Zinc Co. in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. (2) Tulsa Chemical Co. in Tulsa, Oklahoma. [52 FR 3230, Feb. 3, 1987...

  17. 40 CFR 62.9110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.9110 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants. (1) National Zinc Co. in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. (2) Tulsa Chemical Co. in Tulsa, Oklahoma. [52 FR 3230, Feb. 3, 1987...

  18. 40 CFR 62.9110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.9110 Identification of sources. (a) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants. (1) National Zinc Co. in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. (2) Tulsa Chemical Co. in Tulsa, Oklahoma. [52 FR 3230, Feb. 3, 1987...

  19. Forensic dentistry in human identification: A review of the literature

    PubMed Central

    Ata-Ali, Fadi

    2014-01-01

    An update is provided of the literature on the role of odontology in human identification, based on a PubMed-Medline search of the last 5 years and using the terms: “forensic dentistry” (n = 464 articles), “forensic odontology” (n = 141 articles) and “forensic dentistry identification” (n = 169 articles). Apart from these initial 774 articles, others considered to be important and which were generated by a manual search and cited as references in review articles were also included. Forensic dentistry requires interdisciplinary knowledge, since the data obtained from the oral cavity can contribute to identify an individual or provide information needed in a legal process. Furthermore, the data obtained from the oral cavity can narrow the search range of an individual and play a key role in the victim identification process following mass disasters or catastrophes. This literature search covering the last 5 years describes the novelties referred to buccodental studies in comparative identification, buccodental evaluation in reconstructive identification, human bites as a method for identifying the aggressor, and the role of DNA in dental identification. The oral cavity is a rich and noninvasive source of DNA, and can be used to solve problems of a social, economic or legal nature. Key words:Forensic identification, DNA, forensic dentistry, rugoscopy, cheiloscopy, saliva. PMID:24790717

  20. Experimental Identification and Characterization of Multirotor UAV Propulsion

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kotarski, Denis; Krznar, Matija; Piljek, Petar; Simunic, Nikola

    2017-07-01

    In this paper, an experimental procedure for the identification and characterization of multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) propulsion is presented. Propulsion configuration needs to be defined precisely in order to achieve required flight performance. Based on the accurate dynamic model and empirical measurements of multirotor propulsion physical parameters, it is possible to design diverse configurations with different characteristics for various purposes. As a case study, we investigated design considerations for a micro indoor multirotor which is suitable for control algorithm implementation in structured environment. It consists of open source autopilot, sensors for indoor flight, “take off the shelf” propulsion components and frame. The series of experiments were conducted to show the process of parameters identification and the procedure for analysis and propulsion characterization. Additionally, we explore battery performance in terms of mass and specific energy. Experimental results show identified and estimated propulsion parameters through which blade element theory is verified.

  1. Bioassay selection, experimental design and quality control/assurance for use in effluent assessment and control.

    PubMed

    Johnson, Ian; Hutchings, Matt; Benstead, Rachel; Thain, John; Whitehouse, Paul

    2004-07-01

    In the UK Direct Toxicity Assessment Programme, carried out in 1998-2000, a series of internationally recognised short-term toxicity test methods for algae, invertebrates and fishes, and rapid methods (ECLOX and Microtox) were used extensively. Abbreviated versions of conventional tests (algal growth inhibition tests, Daphnia magna immobilisation test and the oyster embryo-larval development test) were valuable for toxicity screening of effluent discharges and the identification of causes and sources of toxicity. Rapid methods based on chemiluminescence and bioluminescence were not generally useful in this programme, but may have a role where the rapid test has been shown to be an acceptable surrogate for a standardised test method. A range of quality assurance and control measures were identified. Requirements for quality control/assurance are most stringent when deriving data for characterising the toxic hazards of effluents and monitoring compliance against a toxicity reduction target. Lower quality control/assurance requirements can be applied to discharge screening and the identification of causes and sources of toxicity.

  2. Approach to risk identification in undifferentiated mental disorders

    PubMed Central

    Silveira, José; Rockman, Patricia; Fulford, Casey; Hunter, Jon

    2016-01-01

    Abstract Objective To provide primary care physicians with a novel approach to risk identification and related clinical decision making in the management of undifferentiated mental disorders. Sources of information We conducted a review of the literature in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar using the search terms diagnostic uncertainty, diagnosis, risk identification, risk assessment/methods, risk, risk factors, risk management/methods, cognitive biases and psychiatry, decision making, mental disorders/diagnosis, clinical competence, evidence-based medicine, interviews as topic, psychiatry/education, psychiatry/methods, documentation/methods, forensic psychiatry/education, forensic psychiatry/methods, mental disorders/classification, mental disorders/psychology, violence/prevention and control, and violence/psychology. Main message Mental disorders are a large component of practice in primary care and often present in an undifferentiated manner, remaining so for prolonged periods. The challenging search for a diagnosis can divert attention from risk identification, as diagnosis is commonly presumed to be necessary before treatment can begin. This might inadvertently contribute to preventable adverse events. Focusing on salient aspects of the patient presentation related to risk should be prioritized. This article presents a novel approach to organizing patient information to assist risk identification and decision making in the management of patients with undifferentiated mental disorders. Conclusion A structured approach can help physicians to manage the clinical uncertainty common to risk identification in patients with mental disorders and cope with the common anxiety and cognitive biases that affect priorities in risk-related decision making. By focusing on risk, functional impairments, and related symptoms using a novel framework, physicians can meet their patients’ immediate needs while continuing the search for diagnostic clarity and long-term treatment. PMID:27965330

  3. Establishing Viable and Effective Information-Warfare Capability in Developing Nations Based on the U.S. Model

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-12-01

    include law enforcement and intelligence capabilities in the lineup . However, national security strategy reflects the first four only. Figure 1...Term Joint Doctrine Identification Air Force Doctrine Identification Army Doctrine Identification Navy Doctrine Identification EW...59 Ibid., 39. 34 Term Joint Doctrine Identification Air Force Doctrine Identification Army Doctrine Identification Navy

  4. Proceedings of Interservice/Industry Training Systems and Education Conference (16th) Held on 28 November -1 December 1994.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-12-01

    be INTRODUCTION familiar: best value source selection, processes and metrics In simplified terms, acquisition and continuous improvement ; of a training ...pro- continuous improvement , MIL-STD- posed processes and metrics are 1379D, the systems approach to placed in the contract in a training , concurrent...identification and 5 Continuous Process Improvement correction of errors are critical to software product 6 Training correctness and quality. Correcting

  5. The effects of similarity, parasocial identification, and source credibility in obesity public service announcements on diet and exercise self-efficacy.

    PubMed

    Phua, Joe

    2016-05-01

    This study examined the effect of the audience's similarity to, and parasocial identification with, spokespersons in obesity public service announcements, on perceived source credibility, and diet and exercise self-efficacy. The results (N = 200) indicated that perceived similarity to the spokesperson was significantly associated with three dimensions of source credibility (competence, trustworthiness, and goodwill), each of which in turn influenced parasocial identification with the spokesperson. Parasocial identification also exerted a positive impact on the audiences' diet and exercise self-efficacy. Additionally, significant differences were found between overweight viewers and non-overweight viewers on perceived similarity, parasocial identification with the spokesperson, and source credibility. © The Author(s) 2014.

  6. Long-term health effects of Vietnam-era military service: A quasi-experiment using Australian conscription lotteries.

    PubMed

    Johnston, David W; Shields, Michael A; Siminski, Peter

    2016-01-01

    This paper estimates the long-term health effects of Vietnam-era military service using Australia's National conscription lotteries for identification. Our primary contribution is the quality and breadth of our health outcomes. We use several administrative sources, containing a near-universe of records on mortality (1994-2011), cancer diagnoses (1982-2008), and emergency hospital presentations (2005-2010). We also analyse a range of self-reported morbidity indicators (2006-2009). We find no significant long-term effects on mortality, cancer or emergency hospital visits. In contrast, we find significant detrimental effects on a number of morbidity measures. Hearing and mental health appear to be particularly affected. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. Algorithms for System Identification and Source Location.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nehorai, Arye

    This thesis deals with several topics in least squares estimation and applications to source location. It begins with a derivation of a mapping between Wiener theory and Kalman filtering for nonstationary autoregressive moving average (ARMO) processes. Applying time domain analysis, connections are found between time-varying state space realizations and input-output impulse response by matrix fraction description (MFD). Using these connections, the whitening filters are derived by the two approaches, and the Kalman gain is expressed in terms of Wiener theory. Next, fast estimation algorithms are derived in a unified way as special cases of the Conjugate Direction Method. The fast algorithms included are the block Levinson, fast recursive least squares, ladder (or lattice) and fast Cholesky algorithms. The results give a novel derivation and interpretation for all these methods, which are efficient alternatives to available recursive system identification algorithms. Multivariable identification algorithms are usually designed only for left MFD models. In this work, recursive multivariable identification algorithms are derived for right MFD models with diagonal denominator matrices. The algorithms are of prediction error and model reference type. Convergence analysis results obtained by the Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) method are presented along with simulations. Sources of energy can be located by estimating time differences of arrival (TDOA's) of waves between the receivers. A new method for TDOA estimation is proposed for multiple unknown ARMA sources and additive correlated receiver noise. The method is based on a formula that uses only the receiver cross-spectra and the source poles. Two algorithms are suggested that allow tradeoffs between computational complexity and accuracy. A new time delay model is derived and used to show the applicability of the methods for non -integer TDOA's. Results from simulations illustrate the performance of the algorithms. The last chapter analyzes the response of exact least squares predictors for enhancement of sinusoids with additive colored noise. Using the matrix inversion lemma and the Christoffel-Darboux formula, the frequency response and amplitude gain of the sinusoids are expressed as functions of the signal and noise characteristics. The results generalize the available white noise case.

  8. Galileo Attitude Determination: Experiences with a Rotating Star Scanner

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Merken, L.; Singh, G.

    1991-01-01

    The Galileo experience with a rotating star scanner is discussed in terms of problems encountered in flight, solutions implemented, and lessons learned. An overview of the Galileo project and the attitude and articulation control subsystem is given and the star scanner hardware and relevant software algorithms are detailed. The star scanner is the sole source of inertial attitude reference for this spacecraft. Problem symptoms observed in flight are discussed in terms of effects on spacecraft performance and safety. Sources of thse problems include contributions from flight software idiosyncrasies and inadequate validation of the ground procedures used to identify target stars for use by the autonomous on-board star identification algorithm. Problem fixes (some already implemented and some only proposed) are discussed. A general conclusion is drawn regarding the inherent difficulty of performing simulation tests to validate algorithms which are highly sensitive to external inputs of statistically 'rare' events.

  9. 40 CFR 62.102 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.102 Identification of sources. The plan currently does not identify any sources subject to its fluoride emission limits. Landfill Gas Emissions From...

  10. 40 CFR 62.102 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.102 Identification of sources. The plan currently does not identify any sources subject to its fluoride emission limits. Landfill Gas Emissions From...

  11. Identification of dust source regions and dust emission trends across North Africa and the Middle East using MISR satellite observations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yu, Y.; Kalashnikova, O. V.; Garay, M. J.; Notaro, M.

    2017-12-01

    Global arid and semi-arid regions supply 1100 to 5000 Tg of Aeolian dust to the atmosphere each year, primarily from North Africa and secondarily from the Middle East. Previous dust source identification methods, based on either remotely-sensed aerosol optical depth (AOD) or dust activity, yield distinct dust source maps, largely due to the limitations in each method and remote-sensing product. Here we apply a novel motion-based method for dust source identification. Dust plume thickness and motion vectors from Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Cloud Motion Vector Product (CMVP) are examined to identify the regions with high frequency of fast moving-dust plumes, by season. According to MISR CMVP, Bodele depression is the most important dust source across North Africa, consistent with previous studies. Seasonal variability of dust emission across the North Africa is largely driven by climatology of wind and precipitation, featuring the influence of Sharav Cyclone and western African monsoon. In the Middle East, Iraq, Kuwait, and eastern Saudi Arabia are identified as dust source regions, especially during summer months, when the Middle Eastern Shamal wind is active. Furthermore, dust emission trend at each dust source are diagnosed from the motion-based dust source dataset. Increase in dust emission from the Fertile Crescent, Sahel, and eastern African dust sources are identified from MISR CMVP, implying potential contribution from these dust sources to the upward trend in AOD and dust AOD over the Middle East in the 21st century. By comparing with various dust source identification studies, we conclude that the motion-based identification of dust sources is an encouraging alternative and compliment to the AOD-only source identification method.

  12. Noise Source Identification in a Reverberant Field Using Spherical Beamforming

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Choi, Young-Chul; Park, Jin-Ho; Yoon, Doo-Byung; Kwon, Hyu-Sang

    Identification of noise sources, their locations and strengths, has been taken great attention. The method that can identify noise sources normally assumes that noise sources are located at a free field. However, the sound in a reverberant field consists of that coming directly from the source plus sound reflected or scattered by the walls or objects in the field. In contrast to the exterior sound field, reflections are added to sound field. Therefore, the source location estimated by the conventional methods may give unacceptable error. In this paper, we explain the effects of reverberant field on interior source identification process and propose the method that can identify noise sources in the reverberant field.

  13. [Regional atmospheric environment risk source identification and assessment].

    PubMed

    Zhang, Xiao-Chun; Chen, Wei-Ping; Ma, Chun; Zhan, Shui-Fen; Jiao, Wen-Tao

    2012-12-01

    Identification and assessment for atmospheric environment risk source plays an important role in regional atmospheric risk assessment and regional atmospheric pollution prevention and control. The likelihood exposure and consequence assessment method (LEC method) and the Delphi method were employed to build a fast and effective method for identification and assessment of regional atmospheric environment risk sources. This method was applied to the case study of a large coal transportation port in North China. The assessment results showed that the risk characteristics and the harm degree of regional atmospheric environment risk source were in line with the actual situation. Fast and effective identification and assessment of risk source has laid an important foundation for the regional atmospheric environmental risk assessment and regional atmospheric pollution prevention and control.

  14. Source term identification in atmospheric modelling via sparse optimization

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Adam, Lukas; Branda, Martin; Hamburger, Thomas

    2015-04-01

    Inverse modelling plays an important role in identifying the amount of harmful substances released into atmosphere during major incidents such as power plant accidents or volcano eruptions. Another possible application of inverse modelling lies in the monitoring the CO2 emission limits where only observations at certain places are available and the task is to estimate the total releases at given locations. This gives rise to minimizing the discrepancy between the observations and the model predictions. There are two standard ways of solving such problems. In the first one, this discrepancy is regularized by adding additional terms. Such terms may include Tikhonov regularization, distance from a priori information or a smoothing term. The resulting, usually quadratic, problem is then solved via standard optimization solvers. The second approach assumes that the error term has a (normal) distribution and makes use of Bayesian modelling to identify the source term. Instead of following the above-mentioned approaches, we utilize techniques from the field of compressive sensing. Such techniques look for a sparsest solution (solution with the smallest number of nonzeros) of a linear system, where a maximal allowed error term may be added to this system. Even though this field is a developed one with many possible solution techniques, most of them do not consider even the simplest constraints which are naturally present in atmospheric modelling. One of such examples is the nonnegativity of release amounts. We believe that the concept of a sparse solution is natural in both problems of identification of the source location and of the time process of the source release. In the first case, it is usually assumed that there are only few release points and the task is to find them. In the second case, the time window is usually much longer than the duration of the actual release. In both cases, the optimal solution should contain a large amount of zeros, giving rise to the concept of sparsity. In the paper, we summarize several optimization techniques which are used for finding sparse solutions and propose their modifications to handle selected constraints such as nonnegativity constraints and simple linear constraints, for example the minimal or maximal amount of total release. These techniques range from successive convex approximations to solution of one nonconvex problem. On simple examples, we explain these techniques and compare them from the point of implementation simplicity, approximation capability and convergence properties. Finally, these methods will be applied on the European Tracer Experiment (ETEX) data and the results will be compared with the current state of arts techniques such as regularized least squares or Bayesian approach. The obtained results show the surprisingly good results of these techniques. This research is supported by EEA/Norwegian Financial Mechanism under project 7F14287 STRADI.

  15. Human Fecal Source Identification: Real-Time Quantitative PCR Method Standardization

    EPA Science Inventory

    Method standardization or the formal development of a protocol that establishes uniform performance benchmarks and practices is necessary for widespread adoption of a fecal source identification approach. Standardization of a human-associated fecal identification method has been...

  16. Approach to identifying pollutant source and matching flow field

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liping, Pang; Yu, Zhang; Hongquan, Qu; Tao, Hu; Wei, Wang

    2013-07-01

    Accidental pollution events often threaten people's health and lives, and it is necessary to identify a pollutant source rapidly so that prompt actions can be taken to prevent the spread of pollution. But this identification process is one of the difficulties in the inverse problem areas. This paper carries out some studies on this issue. An approach using single sensor information with noise was developed to identify a sudden continuous emission trace pollutant source in a steady velocity field. This approach first compares the characteristic distance of the measured concentration sequence to the multiple hypothetical measured concentration sequences at the sensor position, which are obtained based on a source-three-parameter multiple hypotheses. Then we realize the source identification by globally searching the optimal values with the objective function of the maximum location probability. Considering the large amount of computation load resulting from this global searching, a local fine-mesh source search method based on priori coarse-mesh location probabilities is further used to improve the efficiency of identification. Studies have shown that the flow field has a very important influence on the source identification. Therefore, we also discuss the impact of non-matching flow fields with estimation deviation on identification. Based on this analysis, a method for matching accurate flow field is presented to improve the accuracy of identification. In order to verify the practical application of the above method, an experimental system simulating a sudden pollution process in a steady flow field was set up and some experiments were conducted when the diffusion coefficient was known. The studies showed that the three parameters (position, emission strength and initial emission time) of the pollutant source in the experiment can be estimated by using the method for matching flow field and source identification.

  17. [Spatio-temporal characteristics and source identification of water pollutants in Wenruitang River watershed].

    PubMed

    Ma, Xiao-xue; Wang, La-chun; Liao, Ling-ling

    2015-01-01

    Identifying the temp-spatial distribution and sources of water pollutants is of great significance for efficient water quality management pollution control in Wenruitang River watershed, China. A total of twelve water quality parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+ -N), electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity (Turb), nitrite-N (NO2-), nitrate-N(NO3-), phosphate-P(PO4(3-), total organic carbon (TOC) and silicate (SiO3(2-)), were analyzed from September, 2008 to October, 2009. Geographic information system(GIS) and principal component analysis(PCA) were used to determine the spatial distribution and to apportion the sources of pollutants. The results demonstrated that TN, NH4+ -N, PO4(3-) were the main pollutants during flow period, wet period, dry period, respectively, which was mainly caused by urban point sources and agricultural and rural non-point sources. In spatial terms, the order of pollution was tertiary river > secondary river > primary river, while the water quality was worse in city zones than in the suburb and wetland zone regardless of the river classification. In temporal terms, the order of pollution was dry period > wet period > flow period. Population density, land use type and water transfer affected the water quality in Wenruitang River.

  18. Wartime Tracking of Class I Surface Shipments from Production or Procurement to Destination

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-04-01

    Armed Forces I ICAF-FAP National Defense University 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, ard ZIP Code ) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) Fort Lesley J...INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If applicable) 9c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK...COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP 19. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse

  19. European Science Notes. Volume 40, Number 4.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-04-01

    OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (if applicable) 8c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 10. SOURCE OF...Office, London ONRL 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIPCode) Box 39 FPO, NY 09510 Ba. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b...13..TYPj9 REPORT13bTIECVRD1.DTOFRPT(YaMnhDy)1.AGCUNMonthly FROM TO _ April 1986 32 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS

  20. Force Identification from Structural Response

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-12-01

    STUDENT AT (If applicable) AFIT/CIA Univ of New Mexico A 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) Wright...ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT ELEMENT NO. NO. NO. ACCESSION NO. 11. TITLE (h,,clude...FOR PUBLIC RELEASE IAW AFR 190-1 ERNEST A. HAYGOOD, 1st Lt, USAF Executive Officer, Civilian Institution Programs 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS

  1. HUMAN FECAL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION: REAL-TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR METHOD STANDARDIZATION - abstract

    EPA Science Inventory

    Method standardization or the formal development of a protocol that establishes uniform performance benchmarks and practices is necessary for widespread adoption of a fecal source identification approach. Standardization of a human-associated fecal identification method has been...

  2. PCB remediation in schools: a review.

    PubMed

    Brown, Kathleen W; Minegishi, Taeko; Cummiskey, Cynthia Campisano; Fragala, Matt A; Hartman, Ross; MacIntosh, David L

    2016-02-01

    Growing awareness of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in legacy caulk and other construction materials of schools has created a need for information on best practices to control human exposures and comply with applicable regulations. A concise review of approaches and techniques for management of building-related PCBs is the focus of this paper. Engineering and administrative controls that block pathways of PCB transport, dilute concentrations of PCBs in indoor air or other exposure media, or establish uses of building space that mitigate exposure can be effective initial responses to identification of PCBs in a building. Mitigation measures also provide time for school officials to plan a longer-term remediation strategy and to secure the necessary resources. These longer-term strategies typically involve removal of caulk or other primary sources of PCBs as well as nearby masonry or other materials contaminated with PCBs by the primary sources. The costs of managing PCB-containing building materials from assessment through ultimate disposal can be substantial. Optimizing the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of remediation programs requires aligning a thorough understanding of sources and exposure pathways with the most appropriate mitigation and abatement methods.

  3. Representing Thoughts, Words, and Things in the UMLS

    PubMed Central

    Campbell, Keith E.; Oliver, Diane E.; Spackman, Kent A.; Shortliffe, Edward H.

    1998-01-01

    The authors describe a framework, based on the Ogden-Richards semiotic triangle, for understanding the relationship between the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and the source terminologies from which the UMLS derives its content. They pay particular attention to UMLS's Concept Unique Identifier (CUI) and the sense of “meaning” it represents as contrasted with the sense of “meaning” represented by the source terminologies. The CUI takes on emergent meaning through linkage to terms in different terminology systems. In some cases, a CUI's emergent meaning can differ significantly from the original sources' intended meanings of terms linked by that CUI. Identification of these different senses of meaning within the UMLS is consistent with historical themes of semantic interpretation of language. Examination of the UMLS within such a historical framework makes it possible to better understand the strengths and limitations of the UMLS approach for integrating disparate terminologic systems and to provide a model, or theoretic foundation, for evaluating the UMLS as a Possible World—that is, as a mathematical formalism that represents propositions about some perspective or interpretation of the physical world. PMID:9760390

  4. How Unique is Any Given Seismogram? - Exploring Correlation Methods to Identify Explosions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Walter, W. R.; Dodge, D. A.; Ford, S. R.; Pyle, M. L.; Hauk, T. F.

    2015-12-01

    As with conventional wisdom about snowflakes, we would expect it unlikely that any two broadband seismograms would ever be exactly identical. However depending upon the resolution of our comparison metric, we do expect, and often find, bandpassed seismograms that correlate to very high levels (>0.99). In fact regional (e.g. Schaff and Richards, 2011) and global investigations (e.g. Dodge and Walter, 2015) find large numbers of highly correlated seismograms. Decreasing computational costs are increasing the tremendous potential for correlation in lowering detection, location and identification thresholds for explosion monitoring (e.g. Schaff et al., 2012, Gibbons and Ringdal, 2012; Zhang and Wen, 2015). We have shown in the case of Source Physics Experiment (SPE) chemical explosions, templates at local and near regional stations can detect, locate and identify very small explosions, which might be applied to monitoring active test sites (Ford and Walter, 2015). In terms of elastic theory, seismograms are the convolution between source and Green function terms. Thus high correlation implies similar sources, closely located. How do we quantify this physically? For example it is well known that as the template event and target events are increasingly separated spatially, their correlation diminishes, as the difference in the Green function between the two events grows larger. This is related to the event separation in terms of wavelength, the heterogeneity of the Earth structure, and the time-bandwidth of the correlation parameters used, but this has not been well quantified. We are using the historic dataset of nuclear explosions in southern Nevada to explore empirically where and how well these events correlate as a function of location, depth, size, time-bandwidth and other parameters. A goal is to develop more meaningful and physical metrics that go beyond the correlation coefficient and can be applied to explosion monitoring problems, particularly event identification.

  5. Evaluating the suitability of different environmental samples for tracing atmospheric pollution in industrial areas.

    PubMed

    Francová, Anna; Chrastný, Vladislav; Šillerová, Hana; Vítková, Martina; Kocourková, Jana; Komárek, Michael

    2017-01-01

    Samples of lichens, snow and particulate matter (PM 10 , 24 h) are used for the source identification of air pollution in the heavily industrialized region of Ostrava, Upper Silesia, Czech Republic. An integrated approach that uses different environmental samples for metal concentration and Pb isotope analyses was applied. The broad range of isotope ratios in the samples indicates a combination of different pollution sources, the strongest among them being the metallurgical industry, bituminous coal combustion and traffic. Snow samples are proven as the most relevant indicator for tracing metal(loid)s and recent local contamination in the atmosphere. Lichens can be successfully used as tracers of the long-term activity of local and remote sources of contamination. The combination of PM 10 with snow can provide very useful information for evaluation of current pollution sources. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Identifying Attributes of CO2 Leakage Zones in Shallow Aquifers Using a Parametric Level Set Method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, A. Y.; Islam, A.; Wheeler, M.

    2016-12-01

    Leakage through abandoned wells and geologic faults poses the greatest risk to CO2 storage permanence. For shallow aquifers, secondary CO2 plumes emanating from the leak zones may go undetected for a sustained period of time and has the greatest potential to cause large-scale and long-term environmental impacts. Identification of the attributes of leak zones, including their shape, location, and strength, is required for proper environmental risk assessment. This study applies a parametric level set (PaLS) method to characterize the leakage zone. Level set methods are appealing for tracking topological changes and recovering unknown shapes of objects. However, level set evolution using the conventional level set methods is challenging. In PaLS, the level set function is approximated using a weighted sum of basis functions and the level set evolution problem is replaced by an optimization problem. The efficacy of PaLS is demonstrated through recovering the source zone created by CO2 leakage into a carbonate aquifer. Our results show that PaLS is a robust source identification method that can recover the approximate source locations in the presence of measurement errors, model parameter uncertainty, and inaccurate initial guesses of source flux strengths. The PaLS inversion framework introduced in this work is generic and can be adapted for any reactive transport model by switching the pre- and post-processing routines.

  7. The role of objective personality inventories in suicide risk assessment: an evaluation and proposal.

    PubMed

    Johnson, W B; Lall, R; Bongar, B; Nordlund, M D

    1999-01-01

    Objective personality assessment instruments offer a comparatively underutilized source of clinical data in attempts to evaluate and predict risk for suicide. In contrast to focal suicide risk measures, global personality inventories may be useful in identification of long-standing styles that predispose persons to eventual suicidal behavior. This article reviews the empirical literature regarding the efficacy of established personality inventories in predicting suicidality. The authors offer several recommendations for future research with these measures and conclude that such objective personality instruments offer only marginal utility as sources of clinical information in comprehensive suicide risk evaluations. Personality inventories may offer greatest utility in long-term assessment of suicide risk.

  8. IDENTIFICATION OF SEDIMENT SOURCE AREAS WITHIN A WATERSHED

    EPA Science Inventory

    Identification of sediment source areas is crucial for designing proper abatement strategies that reduce sediment and associated contaminant loading to receiving water downstream. In this study, two methodologies were developed to identify the source areas and their relative stre...

  9. Research of mine water source identification based on LIF technology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Mengran; Yan, Pengcheng

    2016-09-01

    According to the problem that traditional chemical methods to the mine water source identification takes a long time, put forward a method for rapid source identification system of mine water inrush based on the technology of laser induced fluorescence (LIF). Emphatically analyzes the basic principle of LIF technology. The hardware composition of LIF system are analyzed and the related modules were selected. Through the fluorescence experiment with the water samples of coal mine in the LIF system, fluorescence spectra of water samples are got. Traditional water source identification mainly according to the ion concentration representative of the water, but it is hard to analysis the ion concentration of the water from the fluorescence spectra. This paper proposes a simple and practical method of rapid identification of water by fluorescence spectrum, which measure the space distance between unknown water samples and standard samples, and then based on the clustering analysis, the category of the unknown water sample can be get. Water source identification for unknown samples verified the reliability of the LIF system, and solve the problem that the current coal mine can't have a better real-time and online monitoring on water inrush, which is of great significance for coal mine safety in production.

  10. Background and Source Term Identification in Active Neutron Interrogation Methods

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-03-24

    interactions occurred to observe gamma ray peaks and not unduly increase simulation time. Not knowing the uranium enrichment modeled by Gozani, pure U...neutron interactions can occur. The uranium targets, though, should have increased neutron fluencies as the energy levels become below 2 MeV. This is...Assessment Monitor Site (TEAMS) at Kirtland AFB, NM. Iron (Fe-56), lead (Pb-207), polyethylene (C2H4 –– > C-12 & H-1), and uranium (U-235 and U-238) were

  11. Concurrent identification of aero-acoustic scattering and noise sources at a flow duct singularity in low Mach number flow

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sovardi, Carlo; Jaensch, Stefan; Polifke, Wolfgang

    2016-09-01

    A numerical method to concurrently characterize both aeroacoustic scattering and noise sources at a duct singularity is presented. This approach combines Large Eddy Simulation (LES) with techniques of System Identification (SI): In a first step, a highly resolved LES with external broadband acoustic excitation is carried out. Subsequently, time series data extracted from the LES are post-processed by means of SI to model both acoustic propagation and noise generation. The present work studies the aero-acoustic characteristics of an orifice placed in a duct at low flow Mach numbers with the "LES-SI" method. Parametric SI based on the Box-Jenkins mathematical structure is employed, with a prediction error approach that utilizes correlation analysis of the output residuals to avoid overfitting. Uncertainties of model parameters due to the finite length of times series are quantified in terms of confidence intervals. Numerical results for acoustic scattering matrices and power spectral densities of broad-band noise are validated against experimental measurements over a wide range of frequencies below the cut-off frequency of the duct.

  12. 40 CFR 62.6120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6120 Identification of sources. The plan applies... Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants ...

  13. 40 CFR 62.6120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6120 Identification of sources. The plan applies... Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants ...

  14. Air pollution source identification

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fordyce, J. S.

    1975-01-01

    Techniques for air pollution source identification are reviewed, and some results obtained with them are evaluated. Described techniques include remote sensing from satellites and aircraft, on-site monitoring, and the use of injected tracers and pollutants themselves as tracers. The use of a large number of trace elements in ambient airborne particulate matter as a practical means of identifying sources is discussed in detail. Sampling and analysis techniques are described, and it is shown that elemental constituents can be related to specific source types such as those found in the earth's crust and those associated with specific industries. Source identification sytems are noted which utilize charged particle X-ray fluorescence analysis of original field data.

  15. CULTURE-INDEPENDENT MOLECULAR METHODS FOR FECAL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION

    EPA Science Inventory

    Fecal contamination is widespread in the waterways of the United States. Both to correct the problem, and to estimate public health risk, it is necessary to identify the source of the contamination. Several culture-independent molecular methods for fecal source identification hav...

  16. Comprehensive screening for immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus: an essential oral poliovirus vaccine cessation risk management strategy.

    PubMed

    Duintjer Tebbens, R J; Thompson, K M

    2017-01-01

    If the world can successfully control all outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus that may occur soon after global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) cessation, then immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived polioviruses (iVDPVs) from rare and mostly asymptomatic long-term excretors (defined as ⩾6 months of excretion) will become the main source of potential poliovirus outbreaks for as long as iVDPV excretion continues. Using existing models of global iVDPV prevalence and global long-term poliovirus risk management, we explore the implications of uncertainties related to iVDPV risks, including the ability to identify asymptomatic iVDPV excretors to treat with polio antiviral drugs (PAVDs) and the transmissibility of iVDPVs. The expected benefits of expanded screening to identify and treat long-term iVDPV excretors with PAVDs range from US$0.7 to 1.5 billion with the identification of 25-90% of asymptomatic long-term iVDPV excretors, respectively. However, these estimates depend strongly on assumptions about the transmissibility of iVDPVs and model inputs affecting the global iVDPV prevalence. For example, the expected benefits may decrease to as low as US$260 million with the identification of 90% of asymptomatic iVDPV excretors if iVDPVs behave and transmit like partially reverted viruses instead of fully reverted viruses. Comprehensive screening for iVDPVs will reduce uncertainties and maximize the expected benefits of PAVD use.

  17. 40 CFR 62.6120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6120 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants. (1) Mississippi Chemical...

  18. 40 CFR 62.6120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6120 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants. (1) Mississippi Chemical...

  19. 40 CFR 62.6120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6120 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants. (1) Mississippi Chemical...

  20. 40 CFR 62.4353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.4353 Identification of sources. The... Southwire Aluminum, Hawesville, Ky. (b) Anaconda Company, Aluminum Division, Henderson, Ky. Fluoride...

  1. 40 CFR 62.4353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.4353 Identification of sources. The... Southwire Aluminum, Hawesville, Ky. (b) Anaconda Company, Aluminum Division, Henderson, Ky. Fluoride...

  2. Public health interventions and behaviour change: reviewing the grey literature.

    PubMed

    Franks, H; Hardiker, N R; McGrath, M; McQuarrie, C

    2012-01-01

    This study identified and reviewed grey literature relating to factors facilitating and inhibiting effective interventions in three areas: the promotion of mental health and well-being, the improvement of food and nutrition, and interventions seeking to increase engagement in physical activity. Sourcing, reviewing and analysis of relevant grey literature. Evidence was collected from a variety of non-traditional sources. Thirty-six pieces of documentary evidence across the three areas were selected for in-depth appraisal and review. A variety of approaches, often short-term, were used both as interventions and outcome measures. Interventions tended to have common outcomes, enabling the identification of themes. These included improvements in participant well-being as well as identification of barriers to, and promoters of, success. Most interventions demonstrated some positive impact, although some did not. This was particularly the case for more objective measures of change, such as physiological measurements, particularly when used to evaluate short-term interventions. Objective health measurement as part of an intervention may act as a catalyst for future behaviour change. Time is an important factor that could either promote or impede the success of interventions for both participants and facilitators. Likewise, the importance of involving all stakeholders, including participants, when planning health promoting interventions was established as an important indicator of success. Despite its limited scope, this review suggests that interventions can be more efficient and effective. For example, larger-scale, longer-term interventions could be more efficient, whilst outcomes relating to the implementation and beyond could provide a clearer picture of effectiveness. Additionally, interventions and evaluations must be flexible, evolve in partnership with local communities, and reflect local need and context. Copyright © 2011 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. An Ultradeep Chandra Catalog of X-Ray Point Sources in the Galactic Center Star Cluster

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhu, Zhenlin; Li, Zhiyuan; Morris, Mark R.

    2018-04-01

    We present an updated catalog of X-ray point sources in the inner 500″ (∼20 pc) of the Galactic center (GC), where the nuclear star cluster (NSC) stands, based on a total of ∼4.5 Ms of Chandra observations taken from 1999 September to 2013 April. This ultradeep data set offers unprecedented sensitivity for detecting X-ray sources in the GC, down to an intrinsic 2–10 keV luminosity of 1.0 × 1031 erg s‑1. A total of 3619 sources are detected in the 2–8 keV band, among which ∼3500 are probable GC sources and ∼1300 are new identifications. The GC sources collectively account for ∼20% of the total 2–8 keV flux from the inner 250″ region where detection sensitivity is the greatest. Taking advantage of this unprecedented sample of faint X-ray sources that primarily traces the old stellar populations in the NSC, we revisit global source properties, including long-term variability, cumulative spectra, luminosity function, and spatial distribution. Based on the equivalent width and relative strength of the iron lines, we suggest that in addition to the arguably predominant population of magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs), nonmagnetic CVs contribute substantially to the detected sources, especially in the lower-luminosity group. On the other hand, the X-ray sources have a radial distribution closely following the stellar mass distribution in the NSC, but much flatter than that of the known X-ray transients, which are presumably low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) caught in outburst. This, together with the very modest long-term variability of the detected sources, strongly suggests that quiescent LMXBs are a minor (less than a few percent) population.

  4. The Einstein Slew Survey

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Elvis, Martin; Plummer, David; Schachter, Jonathan; Fabbiano, G.

    1992-01-01

    A catalog of 819 sources detected in the Einstein IPC Slew Survey of the X-ray sky is presented; 313 of the sources were not previously known as X-ray sources. Typical count rates are 0.1 IPC count/s, roughly equivalent to a flux of 3 x 10 exp -12 ergs/sq cm s. The sources have positional uncertainties of 1.2 arcmin (90 percent confidence) radius, based on a subset of 452 sources identified with previously known pointlike X-ray sources (i.e., extent less than 3 arcmin). Identifications based on a number of existing catalogs of X-ray and optical objects are proposed for 637 of the sources, 78 percent of the survey (within a 3-arcmin error radius) including 133 identifications of new X-ray sources. A public identification data base for the Slew Survey sources will be maintained at CfA, and contributions to this data base are invited.

  5. Identifiability and identification of trace continuous pollutant source.

    PubMed

    Qu, Hongquan; Liu, Shouwen; Pang, Liping; Hu, Tao

    2014-01-01

    Accidental pollution events often threaten people's health and lives, and a pollutant source is very necessary so that prompt remedial actions can be taken. In this paper, a trace continuous pollutant source identification method is developed to identify a sudden continuous emission pollutant source in an enclosed space. The location probability model is set up firstly, and then the identification method is realized by searching a global optimal objective value of the location probability. In order to discuss the identifiability performance of the presented method, a conception of a synergy degree of velocity fields is presented in order to quantitatively analyze the impact of velocity field on the identification performance. Based on this conception, some simulation cases were conducted. The application conditions of this method are obtained according to the simulation studies. In order to verify the presented method, we designed an experiment and identified an unknown source appearing in the experimental space. The result showed that the method can identify a sudden trace continuous source when the studied situation satisfies the application conditions.

  6. 40 CFR 62.9160 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.9160 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  7. 40 CFR 62.1351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.1351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  8. 40 CFR 62.4355 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.4355 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  9. 40 CFR 62.1115 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.1115 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  10. 40 CFR 62.2360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.2360 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  11. 40 CFR 62.3631 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.3631 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  12. 40 CFR 62.601 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.601 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  13. 40 CFR 62.103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.103 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  14. 40 CFR 62.2607 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.2607 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction...

  15. 40 CFR 62.5861 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.5861 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  16. 40 CFR 62.6601 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.6601 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  17. 40 CFR 62.3331 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.3331 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  18. 40 CFR 62.8601 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.8601 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  19. 40 CFR 62.1101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.1101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (a) Occidental Chemical...

  20. 40 CFR 62.6351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plant: Farmers Chemical Company...

  1. 40 CFR 62.6351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plant: Farmers Chemical Company...

  2. 40 CFR 62.6351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plant: Farmers Chemical Company...

  3. 40 CFR 62.6351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plant: Farmers Chemical Company...

  4. 40 CFR 62.6351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.6351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plant: Farmers Chemical Company...

  5. 40 CFR 62.1101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.1101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (a) Occidental Chemical...

  6. 40 CFR 62.1101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.1101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (a) Occidental Chemical...

  7. 40 CFR 62.1101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.1101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (a) Occidental Chemical...

  8. 40 CFR 62.1101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.1101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (a) Occidental Chemical...

  9. 40 CFR 62.601 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.601 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction...

  10. Optical identification of radio-loud active galactic nuclei in the ROSAT-Green-Bank sample with SDSS spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, De-Liang; Wang, Jian-Guo; Dong, Xiao-Bo

    2009-10-01

    Results of extended and refined optical identification of 181 radio/X-ray sources in the RASS-Green Bank (RGB) catalog are presented (Brinkmann et al. 1997) which have been spectroscopically observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR5. The SDSS spectra of the optical counterparts are modeled in a careful and self-consistent way by incorporating the host galaxy's starlight. Optical emission line parameters are presented, which are derived accurately and reliably, along with the radio 1.4-5 GHz spectral indices estimated using (non-simultaneous) archival data. For 72 sources, the identifications are presented for the first time. It is confirmed that the majority of strong radio/X-ray emitters are radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), particularly blazars. Taking advantage of the high spectral quality and resolution and our refined spectral modeling, we are able to disentangle narrow line radio galaxies (NLRGs), as vaguely termed in most previous identification work, into Seyfert II galaxies and LINERs (low-ionization nuclear emission regions), based on the standard emission line diagnostics. The NLRGs in the RGB sample, mostly belonging to 'weak line radio galaxies', are found to have optical spectra consistent predominantly with LINERs, and only a small fraction with Seyfert II galaxies. A small number of LINERs have radio power as high as 1023 - 1026 W Hz-1 at 5 GHz, being among the strongest radio emitting LINERs known so far. Two sources are identified with radio-loud narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s), a class of rare objects. The presence is also confirmed of flat-spectrum radio quasars whose radio-optical-X-ray effective spectral indices are similar to those of High-energy peaked BL Lacs (HBLs), as suggested by Padovani et al., although it is still a debate as to whether this is the case for their actual spectral energy distributions.

  11. 40 CFR 144.7 - Identification of underground sources of drinking water and exempted aquifers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of underground sources of drinking water and exempted aquifers. 144.7 Section 144.7 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM General Provisions § 144.7 Identification of...

  12. 40 CFR 62.9500 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Oregon Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.9500 Identification of sources. The Oregon State Department...

  13. 40 CFR 62.4670 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.4670 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units: (a...

  14. 40 CFR 62.9190 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.9190 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units...

  15. 40 CFR 62.4670 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.4670 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units: (a...

  16. 40 CFR 62.9190 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.9190 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units...

  17. Variation in Microbial Identification System Accuracy for Yeast Identification Depending on Commercial Source of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar

    PubMed Central

    Kellogg, James A.; Bankert, David A.; Chaturvedi, Vishnu

    1999-01-01

    The accuracy of the Microbial Identification System (MIS; MIDI, Inc.) for identification of yeasts to the species level was compared by using 438 isolates grown on prepoured BBL Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and prepoured Remel SDA. Correct identification was observed for 326 (74%) of the yeasts cultured on BBL SDA versus only 214 (49%) of yeasts grown on Remel SDA (P < 0.001). The commercial source of the SDA used in the MIS procedure significantly influences the system’s accuracy. PMID:10325387

  18. 40 CFR 62.7400 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7400 Identification of sources...

  19. 40 CFR 62.7400 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7400 Identification of sources...

  20. 40 CFR 62.7400 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7400 Identification of sources...

  1. 40 CFR 62.7400 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7400 Identification of sources...

  2. 40 CFR 62.7400 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire Fluoride Emissions from Existing Primary Aluminum Plants § 62.7400 Identification of sources...

  3. 40 CFR 62.4631 - Identification of Sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.4631 Identification of Sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills with design capacities greater than 2...

  4. 40 CFR 62.9510 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... of Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.9510 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing MSW landfill facilities in Oregon meeting the requirements as...

  5. Real time wide area radiation surveillance system (REWARD) based on 3d silicon and (CD,ZN)Te for neutron and gamma-ray detection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Disch, C.

    2014-09-01

    Mobile surveillance systems are used to find lost radioactive sources and possible nuclear threats in urban areas. The REWARD collaboration [1] aims to develop such a complete radiation monitoring system that can be installed in mobile or stationary setups across a wide area. The scenarios include nuclear terrorism threats, lost radioactive sources, radioactive contamination and nuclear accidents. This paper will show the performance capabilities of the REWARD system in different scnarios. The results include both Monte Carlo simulations as well as neutron and gamma-ray detection performances in terms of efficiency and nuclide identification. The outcomes of several radiation mapping survey with the entire REWARD system will also be presented.

  6. Sensitivity Analysis for some Water Pollution Problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Le Dimet, François-Xavier; Tran Thu, Ha; Hussaini, Yousuff

    2014-05-01

    Sensitivity Analysis for Some Water Pollution Problems Francois-Xavier Le Dimet1 & Tran Thu Ha2 & M. Yousuff Hussaini3 1Université de Grenoble, France, 2Vietnamese Academy of Sciences, 3 Florida State University Sensitivity analysis employs some response function and the variable with respect to which its sensitivity is evaluated. If the state of the system is retrieved through a variational data assimilation process, then the observation appears only in the Optimality System (OS). In many cases, observations have errors and it is important to estimate their impact. Therefore, sensitivity analysis has to be carried out on the OS, and in that sense sensitivity analysis is a second order property. The OS can be considered as a generalized model because it contains all the available information. This presentation proposes a method to carry out sensitivity analysis in general. The method is demonstrated with an application to water pollution problem. The model involves shallow waters equations and an equation for the pollutant concentration. These equations are discretized using a finite volume method. The response function depends on the pollutant source, and its sensitivity with respect to the source term of the pollutant is studied. Specifically, we consider: • Identification of unknown parameters, and • Identification of sources of pollution and sensitivity with respect to the sources. We also use a Singular Evolutive Interpolated Kalman Filter to study this problem. The presentation includes a comparison of the results from these two methods. .

  7. 40 CFR 62.5151 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (section 111(d) Plan) § 62.5151 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all Maryland existing municipal solid waste landfills for which...

  8. 40 CFR 62.1951 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (section 111(d) Plan) § 62.1951 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all Delaware existing municipal solid waste landfills for which...

  9. 40 CFR 62.7860 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Mexico Emissions from Existing Large Municipal Waste Combustion Units § 62.7860 Identification of sources... lands under the jurisdiction of the Albuquerque/Bernalillo county Air Quality Control Board subject to...

  10. 40 CFR 62.7860 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Mexico Emissions from Existing Large Municipal Waste Combustion Units § 62.7860 Identification of sources... lands under the jurisdiction of the Albuquerque/Bernalillo county Air Quality Control Board subject to...

  11. 40 CFR 62.10628 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.10628 Identification of sources... part 60, subpart Cc. [63 FR 70027, Dec. 18, 1998] Air Emissions From Commercial and Industrial Solid...

  12. 40 CFR 62.9500 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.9500 Identification of sources. The Oregon State Department... phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60, subpart B of this chapter. [44 FR 76281, Dec...

  13. 40 CFR 62.9500 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.9500 Identification of sources. The Oregon State Department... phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60, subpart B of this chapter. [44 FR 76281, Dec...

  14. 40 CFR 62.10602 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... POLLUTANTS Tennessee Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.10602 Identification of sources... letter certifying that there are no existing phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60...

  15. 40 CFR 62.10602 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... POLLUTANTS Tennessee Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.10602 Identification of sources... letter certifying that there are no existing phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60...

  16. 40 CFR 62.4900 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.4900 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing sulfuric acid plants: (a) Delta Chemical in Searsport, Maine. [54 FR 22896, May...

  17. 40 CFR 62.4900 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.4900 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing sulfuric acid plants: (a) Delta Chemical in Searsport, Maine. [54 FR 22896, May...

  18. 40 CFR 62.4900 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.4900 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing sulfuric acid plants: (a) Delta Chemical in Searsport, Maine. [54 FR 22896, May...

  19. 40 CFR 62.4900 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.4900 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing sulfuric acid plants: (a) Delta Chemical in Searsport, Maine. [54 FR 22896, May...

  20. 40 CFR 62.4900 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.4900 Identification of sources. The plan applies to the following existing sulfuric acid plants: (a) Delta Chemical in Searsport, Maine. [54 FR 22896, May...

  1. Modeling and observations of an elevated, moving infrasonic source: Eigenray methods.

    PubMed

    Blom, Philip; Waxler, Roger

    2017-04-01

    The acoustic ray tracing relations are extended by the inclusion of auxiliary parameters describing variations in the spatial ray coordinates and eikonal vector due to changes in the initial conditions. Computation of these parameters allows one to define the geometric spreading factor along individual ray paths and assists in identification of caustic surfaces so that phase shifts can be easily identified. A method is developed leveraging the auxiliary parameters to identify propagation paths connecting specific source-receiver geometries, termed eigenrays. The newly introduced method is found to be highly efficient in cases where propagation is non-planar due to horizontal variations in the propagation medium or the presence of cross winds. The eigenray method is utilized in analysis of infrasonic signals produced by a multi-stage sounding rocket launch with promising results for applications of tracking aeroacoustic sources in the atmosphere and specifically to analysis of motor performance during dynamic tests.

  2. Minimal-Drift Heading Measurement using a MEMS Gyro for Indoor Mobile Robots.

    PubMed

    Hong, Sung Kyung; Park, Sungsu

    2008-11-17

    To meet the challenges of making low-cost MEMS yaw rate gyros for the precise self-localization of indoor mobile robots, this paper examines a practical and effective method of minimizing drift on the heading angle that relies solely on integration of rate signals from a gyro. The main idea of the proposed approach is consists of two parts; 1) self-identification of calibration coefficients that affects long-term performance, and 2) threshold filter to reject the broadband noise component that affects short-term performance. Experimental results with the proposed phased method applied to Epson XV3500 gyro demonstrate that it effectively yields minimal drift heading angle measurements getting over major error sources in the MEMS gyro output.

  3. Identifiability and Identification of Trace Continuous Pollutant Source

    PubMed Central

    Qu, Hongquan; Liu, Shouwen; Pang, Liping; Hu, Tao

    2014-01-01

    Accidental pollution events often threaten people's health and lives, and a pollutant source is very necessary so that prompt remedial actions can be taken. In this paper, a trace continuous pollutant source identification method is developed to identify a sudden continuous emission pollutant source in an enclosed space. The location probability model is set up firstly, and then the identification method is realized by searching a global optimal objective value of the location probability. In order to discuss the identifiability performance of the presented method, a conception of a synergy degree of velocity fields is presented in order to quantitatively analyze the impact of velocity field on the identification performance. Based on this conception, some simulation cases were conducted. The application conditions of this method are obtained according to the simulation studies. In order to verify the presented method, we designed an experiment and identified an unknown source appearing in the experimental space. The result showed that the method can identify a sudden trace continuous source when the studied situation satisfies the application conditions. PMID:24892041

  4. Identification of active sources inside cavities using the equivalent source method-based free-field recovery technique

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bi, Chuan-Xing; Hu, Ding-Yu; Zhang, Yong-Bin; Jing, Wen-Qian

    2015-06-01

    In previous studies, an equivalent source method (ESM)-based technique for recovering the free sound field in a noisy environment has been successfully applied to exterior problems. In order to evaluate its performance when applied to a more general noisy environment, that technique is used to identify active sources inside cavities where the sound field is composed of the field radiated by active sources and that reflected by walls. A patch approach with two semi-closed surfaces covering the target active sources is presented to perform the measurements, and the field that would be radiated by these target active sources into free space is extracted from the mixed field by using the proposed technique, which will be further used as the input of nearfield acoustic holography for source identification. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique for source identification in cavities, and show the feasibility of performing the measurements with a double layer planar array.

  5. A novel method for detecting light source for digital images forensic

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Roy, A. K.; Mitra, S. K.; Agrawal, R.

    2011-06-01

    Manipulation in image has been in practice since centuries. These manipulated images are intended to alter facts — facts of ethics, morality, politics, sex, celebrity or chaos. Image forensic science is used to detect these manipulations in a digital image. There are several standard ways to analyze an image for manipulation. Each one has some limitation. Also very rarely any method tried to capitalize on the way image was taken by the camera. We propose a new method that is based on light and its shade as light and shade are the fundamental input resources that may carry all the information of the image. The proposed method measures the direction of light source and uses the light based technique for identification of any intentional partial manipulation in the said digital image. The method is tested for known manipulated images to correctly identify the light sources. The light source of an image is measured in terms of angle. The experimental results show the robustness of the methodology.

  6. 40 CFR 62.103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.103 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction... Tons Per Day of Municipal Solid Waste ...

  7. [Groundwater organic pollution source identification technology system research and application].

    PubMed

    Wang, Xiao-Hong; Wei, Jia-Hua; Cheng, Zhi-Neng; Liu, Pei-Bin; Ji, Yi-Qun; Zhang, Gan

    2013-02-01

    Groundwater organic pollutions are found in large amount of locations, and the pollutions are widely spread once onset; which is hard to identify and control. The key process to control and govern groundwater pollution is how to control the sources of pollution and reduce the danger to groundwater. This paper introduced typical contaminated sites as an example; then carried out the source identification studies and established groundwater organic pollution source identification system, finally applied the system to the identification of typical contaminated sites. First, grasp the basis of the contaminated sites of geological and hydrogeological conditions; determine the contaminated sites characteristics of pollutants as carbon tetrachloride, from the large numbers of groundwater analysis and test data; then find the solute transport model of contaminated sites and compound-specific isotope techniques. At last, through groundwater solute transport model and compound-specific isotope technology, determine the distribution of the typical site of organic sources of pollution and pollution status; invest identified potential sources of pollution and sample the soil to analysis. It turns out that the results of two identified historical pollution sources and pollutant concentration distribution are reliable. The results provided the basis for treatment of groundwater pollution.

  8. Chiral pesticides: Identification, description, and environmental implications

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ulrich, Elin M.; Morrison, Candice N.; Goldsmith, Michael R.; Foreman, William T.

    2012-01-01

    Anthropogenic chemicals, including pesticides, are a major source of contamination and pollution in the environment. Pesticides have many positive uses: increased food production, decreased damage to crops and structures, reduced disease vector populations, and more. Nevertheless, pesticide exposure can pose risks to humans and the environment, so various mitigation strategies are exercised to make them safer, minimize their use, and reduce their unintended environment effects. One strategy that may help achieve these goals relies on the unique properties of chirality or molecular asymmetry. Some common terms related to chirality are defined in Table 1.

  9. Instrumental and atmospheric background lines observed by the SMM gamma-ray spectrometer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Share, G. H.; Kinzer, R. L.; Strickman, M. S.; Letaw, J. R.; Chupp, E. L.

    1989-01-01

    Preliminary identifications of instrumental and atmospheric background lines detected by the gamma-ray spectrometer on NASA's Solar Maximum Mission satellite (SMM) are presented. The long-term and stable operation of this experiment has provided data of high quality for use in this analysis. Methods are described for identifying radioactive isotopes which use their different decay times. Temporal evolution of the features are revealed by spectral comparisons, subtractions, and fits. An understanding of these temporal variations has enabled the data to be used for detecting celestial gamma-ray sources.

  10. Sound source identification and sound radiation modeling in a moving medium using the time-domain equivalent source method.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Xiao-Zheng; Bi, Chuan-Xing; Zhang, Yong-Bin; Xu, Liang

    2015-05-01

    Planar near-field acoustic holography has been successfully extended to reconstruct the sound field in a moving medium, however, the reconstructed field still contains the convection effect that might lead to the wrong identification of sound sources. In order to accurately identify sound sources in a moving medium, a time-domain equivalent source method is developed. In the method, the real source is replaced by a series of time-domain equivalent sources whose strengths are solved iteratively by utilizing the measured pressure and the known convective time-domain Green's function, and time averaging is used to reduce the instability in the iterative solving process. Since these solved equivalent source strengths are independent of the convection effect, they can be used not only to identify sound sources but also to model sound radiations in both moving and static media. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the influence of noise on the solved equivalent source strengths and the effect of time averaging on reducing the instability, and to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method on the source identification and sound radiation modeling.

  11. Infrasound from the 2009 and 2017 DPRK rocket launches

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Evers, L. G.; Assink, J. D.; Smets, P. SM

    2018-06-01

    Supersonic rockets generate low-frequency acoustic waves, that is, infrasound, during the launch and re-entry. Infrasound is routinely observed at infrasound arrays from the International Monitoring System, in place for the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. Association and source identification are key elements of the verification system. The moving nature of a rocket is a defining criterion in order to distinguish it from an isolated explosion. Here, it is shown how infrasound recordings can be associated, which leads to identification of the rocket. Propagation modelling is included to further constrain the source identification. Four rocket launches by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in 2009 and 2017 are analysed in which multiple arrays detected the infrasound. Source identification in this region is important for verification purposes. It is concluded that with a passive monitoring technique such as infrasound, characteristics can be remotely obtained on sources of interest, that is, infrasonic intelligence, over 4500+ km.

  12. Village-Level Identification of Nitrate Sources: Collaboration of Experts and Local Population in Benin, Africa

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Crane, P.; Silliman, S. E.; Boukari, M.; Atoro, I.; Azonsi, F.

    2005-12-01

    Deteriorating groundwater quality, as represented by high nitrates, in the Colline province of Benin, West Africa was identified by the Benin national water agency, Direction Hydraulique. For unknown reasons the Colline province had consistently higher nitrate levels than any other region of the country. In an effort to address this water quality issue, a collaborative team was created that incorporated professionals from the Universite d'Abomey-Calavi (Benin), the University of Notre Dame (USA), Direction l'Hydraulique (a government water agency in Benin), Centre Afrika Obota (an educational NGO in Benin), and the local population of the village of Adourekoman. The goals of the project were to: (i) identify the source of nitrates, (ii) test field techniques for long term, local monitoring, and (iii) identify possible solutions to the high levels of groundwater nitrates. In order to accomplish these goals, the following methods were utilized: regional sampling of groundwater quality, field methods that allowed the local population to regularly monitor village groundwater quality, isotopic analysis, and sociological methods of surveys, focus groups, and observations. It is through the combination of these multi-disciplinary methods that all three goals were successfully addressed leading to preliminary identification of the sources of nitrates in the village of Adourekoman, confirmation of utility of field techniques, and initial assessment of possible solutions to the contamination problem.

  13. IPeak: An open source tool to combine results from multiple MS/MS search engines.

    PubMed

    Wen, Bo; Du, Chaoqin; Li, Guilin; Ghali, Fawaz; Jones, Andrew R; Käll, Lukas; Xu, Shaohang; Zhou, Ruo; Ren, Zhe; Feng, Qiang; Xu, Xun; Wang, Jun

    2015-09-01

    Liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an important technique for detecting peptides in proteomics studies. Here, we present an open source software tool, termed IPeak, a peptide identification pipeline that is designed to combine the Percolator post-processing algorithm and multi-search strategy to enhance the sensitivity of peptide identifications without compromising accuracy. IPeak provides a graphical user interface (GUI) as well as a command-line interface, which is implemented in JAVA and can work on all three major operating system platforms: Windows, Linux/Unix and OS X. IPeak has been designed to work with the mzIdentML standard from the Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI) as an input and output, and also been fully integrated into the associated mzidLibrary project, providing access to the overall pipeline, as well as modules for calling Percolator on individual search engine result files. The integration thus enables IPeak (and Percolator) to be used in conjunction with any software packages implementing the mzIdentML data standard. IPeak is freely available and can be downloaded under an Apache 2.0 license at https://code.google.com/p/mzidentml-lib/. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  14. Air pollution source identification

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fordyce, J. S.

    1975-01-01

    The techniques available for source identification are reviewed: remote sensing, injected tracers, and pollutants themselves as tracers. The use of the large number of trace elements in the ambient airborne particulate matter as a practical means of identifying sources is discussed. Trace constituents are determined by sensitive, inexpensive, nondestructive, multielement analytical methods such as instrumental neutron activation and charged particle X-ray fluorescence. The application to a large data set of pairwise correlation, the more advanced pattern recognition-cluster analysis approach with and without training sets, enrichment factors, and pollutant concentration rose displays for each element is described. It is shown that elemental constituents are related to specific source types: earth crustal, automotive, metallurgical, and more specific industries. A field-ready source identification system based on time and wind direction resolved sampling is described.

  15. The UAB Informatics Institute and 2016 CEGS N-GRID de-identification shared task challenge.

    PubMed

    Bui, Duy Duc An; Wyatt, Mathew; Cimino, James J

    2017-11-01

    Clinical narratives (the text notes found in patients' medical records) are important information sources for secondary use in research. However, in order to protect patient privacy, they must be de-identified prior to use. Manual de-identification is considered to be the gold standard approach but is tedious, expensive, slow, and impractical for use with large-scale clinical data. Automated or semi-automated de-identification using computer algorithms is a potentially promising alternative. The Informatics Institute of the University of Alabama at Birmingham is applying de-identification to clinical data drawn from the UAB hospital's electronic medical records system before releasing them for research. We participated in a shared task challenge by the Centers of Excellence in Genomic Science (CEGS) Neuropsychiatric Genome-Scale and RDoC Individualized Domains (N-GRID) at the de-identification regular track to gain experience developing our own automatic de-identification tool. We focused on the popular and successful methods from previous challenges: rule-based, dictionary-matching, and machine-learning approaches. We also explored new techniques such as disambiguation rules, term ambiguity measurement, and used multi-pass sieve framework at a micro level. For the challenge's primary measure (strict entity), our submissions achieved competitive results (f-measures: 87.3%, 87.1%, and 86.7%). For our preferred measure (binary token HIPAA), our submissions achieved superior results (f-measures: 93.7%, 93.6%, and 93%). With those encouraging results, we gain the confidence to improve and use the tool for the real de-identification task at the UAB Informatics Institute. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. The advantages of the surface Laplacian in brain-computer interface research.

    PubMed

    McFarland, Dennis J

    2015-09-01

    Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems frequently use signal processing methods, such as spatial filtering, to enhance performance. The surface Laplacian can reduce spatial noise and aid in identification of sources. In BCI research, these two functions of the surface Laplacian correspond to prediction accuracy and signal orthogonality. In the present study, an off-line analysis of data from a sensorimotor rhythm-based BCI task dissociated these functions of the surface Laplacian by comparing nearest-neighbor and next-nearest neighbor Laplacian algorithms. The nearest-neighbor Laplacian produced signals that were more orthogonal while the next-nearest Laplacian produced signals that resulted in better accuracy. Both prediction and signal identification are important for BCI research. Better prediction of user's intent produces increased speed and accuracy of communication and control. Signal identification is important for ruling out the possibility of control by artifacts. Identifying the nature of the control signal is relevant both to understanding exactly what is being studied and in terms of usability for individuals with limited motor control. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  17. TOXICITY IDENTIFICATION EVALUATION (TIE) RESULTS FOR METAL CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS

    EPA Science Inventory

    Identification of contaminants in sediment is necessary for sound management decisions on sediment disposal, remediation, determination of ecological risk, and source identification. We have been developing sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) techniques that allow ...

  18. 40 CFR 62.7455 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Air Emissions from Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.7455 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing commercial and solid waste incineration...] Air Emissions From Existing Large and Small Municipal Waste Combustors ...

  19. 40 CFR 62.7455 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Air Emissions from Existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units § 62.7455 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing commercial and solid waste incineration...] Air Emissions From Existing Large and Small Municipal Waste Combustors ...

  20. 40 CFR 62.1115 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.1115 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction... 51451, Sept. 23, 1999] Emissions From Small Existing Municipal Waste Combustion Units ...

  1. The ROSAT Deep Survey. 2; Optical Identification, Photometry and Spectra of X-Ray Sources in the Lockman Field

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Schmidt, M.; Hasinger, G.; Gunn, J.; Schneider, D.; Burg, R.; Giacconi, R.; Lehmann, I.; MacKenty, J.; Truemper, J.; Zamorani, G.

    1998-01-01

    The ROSAT Deep Survey includes a complete sample of 50 X-ray sources with fluxes in the 0.5 - 2 keV band larger than 5.5 x 10(exp -15)erg/sq cm/s in the Lockman field (Hasinger et al., Paper 1). We have obtained deep broad-band CCD images of the field and spectra of many optical objects near the positions of the X-ray sources. We define systematically the process leading to the optical identifications of the X-ray sources. For this purpose, we introduce five identification (ID) classes that characterize the process in each case. Among the 50 X-ray sources, we identify 39 AGNs, 3 groups of galaxies, 1 galaxy and 3 galactic stars. Four X-ray sources remain unidentified so far; two of these objects may have an unusually large ratio of X-ray to optical flux.

  2. 40 CFR 62.5871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5871 Section 62.5871 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  3. 40 CFR 62.5861 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5861 Section 62.5861 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  4. 40 CFR 62.5871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5871 Section 62.5871 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  5. 40 CFR 62.5871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5871 Section 62.5871 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  6. 40 CFR 62.5861 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5861 Section 62.5861 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  7. 40 CFR 62.5871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5871 Section 62.5871 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  8. 40 CFR 62.5861 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5861 Section 62.5861 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  9. 40 CFR 62.5871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5871 Section 62.5871 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  10. 40 CFR 62.5861 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5861 Section 62.5861 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Minnesota...

  11. 40 CFR 62.10627 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10627 Section 62.10627 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste...

  12. 40 CFR 62.3651 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.3651 Section 62.3651 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  13. 40 CFR 62.5111 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5111 Section 62.5111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  14. 40 CFR 62.10150 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10150 Section 62.10150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste...

  15. 40 CFR 62.9150 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9150 Section 62.9150 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  16. 40 CFR 62.9641 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9641 Section 62.9641 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste...

  17. 40 CFR 62.2355 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.2355 Section 62.2355 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  18. 40 CFR 62.3341 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.3341 Section 62.3341 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Hospital / Medical Infectious...

  19. 40 CFR 62.2606 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.2606 Section 62.2606 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  20. 40 CFR 62.3641 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.3641 Section 62.3641 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Hospital/medical Infectious...

  1. 40 CFR 62.4975 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.4975 Section 62.4975 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  2. 40 CFR 62.104 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.104 Section 62.104 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  3. 40 CFR 62.9505 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9505 Section 62.9505 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste Combustors...

  4. 40 CFR 62.11870 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.11870 Section 62.11870 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste...

  5. 40 CFR 62.5425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5425 Section 62.5425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing Municipal Waste...

  6. 40 CFR 62.9140 - Identification of source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of source. 62.9140 Section 62.9140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions From Existing Municipal Waste...

  7. 40 CFR 62.9190 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9190 Section 62.9190 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...: (a) A&A Enterprises, Ardmore, Oklahoma. (b) Henryetta Pallet Company, Henryetta, Oklahoma. (c...

  8. 40 CFR 62.9190 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9190 Section 62.9190 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...: (a) A&A Enterprises, Ardmore, Oklahoma. (b) Henryetta Pallet Company, Henryetta, Oklahoma. (c...

  9. 40 CFR 62.4353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.4353 Section 62.4353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Southwire Aluminum, Hawesville, Ky. (b) Anaconda Company, Aluminum Division, Henderson, Ky. Fluoride...

  10. 40 CFR 62.6353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.6353 Section 62.6353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Company, Joplin, Missouri Total Reduced Sulfur Emissions From Existing Kraft Pulp Mills ...

  11. 40 CFR 62.6353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.6353 Section 62.6353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Company, Joplin, Missouri Total Reduced Sulfur Emissions From Existing Kraft Pulp Mills ...

  12. 40 CFR 62.4353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.4353 Section 62.4353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Southwire Aluminum, Hawesville, Ky. (b) Anaconda Company, Aluminum Division, Henderson, Ky. Fluoride...

  13. 40 CFR 62.6353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.6353 Section 62.6353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Company, Joplin, Missouri Total Reduced Sulfur Emissions From Existing Kraft Pulp Mills ...

  14. 40 CFR 62.4353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.4353 Section 62.4353 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... Southwire Aluminum, Hawesville, Ky. (b) Anaconda Company, Aluminum Division, Henderson, Ky. Fluoride...

  15. 40 CFR 62.9190 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9190 Section 62.9190 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...: (a) A&A Enterprises, Ardmore, Oklahoma. (b) Henryetta Pallet Company, Henryetta, Oklahoma. (c...

  16. 40 CFR 62.4625 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.4625 Identification of sources. (a) The Plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company at Donaldsville, Louisiana. (2) Allied Chemical Corporation at Geismar, Louisiana. (3) Beker...

  17. 40 CFR 62.4625 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.4625 Identification of sources. (a) The Plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company at Donaldsville, Louisiana. (2) Allied Chemical Corporation at Geismar, Louisiana. (3) Beker...

  18. 40 CFR 62.4625 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.4625 Identification of sources. (a) The Plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company at Donaldsville, Louisiana. (2) Allied Chemical Corporation at Geismar, Louisiana. (3) Beker...

  19. 40 CFR 62.4625 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.4625 Identification of sources. (a) The Plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company at Donaldsville, Louisiana. (2) Allied Chemical Corporation at Geismar, Louisiana. (3) Beker...

  20. 40 CFR 62.4625 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.4625 Identification of sources. (a) The Plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company at Donaldsville, Louisiana. (2) Allied Chemical Corporation at Geismar, Louisiana. (3) Beker...

  1. 40 CFR 62.6110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.6110 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing plants at the following locations: Sulfur burning plant and oleum plant of Mississippi Chemical Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  2. 40 CFR 62.6110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.6110 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing plants at the following locations: Sulfur burning plant and oleum plant of Mississippi Chemical Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  3. 40 CFR 62.6110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.6110 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing plants at the following locations: Sulfur burning plant and oleum plant of Mississippi Chemical Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  4. 40 CFR 62.6110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.6110 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing plants at the following locations: Sulfur burning plant and oleum plant of Mississippi Chemical Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  5. 40 CFR 62.6110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.6110 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing plants at the following locations: Sulfur burning plant and oleum plant of Mississippi Chemical Corporation in Pascagoula. Fluoride Emissions From Phosphate Fertilizer Plants ...

  6. A constrained robust least squares approach for contaminant release history identification

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Alexander Y.; Painter, Scott L.; Wittmeyer, Gordon W.

    2006-04-01

    Contaminant source identification is an important type of inverse problem in groundwater modeling and is subject to both data and model uncertainty. Model uncertainty was rarely considered in the previous studies. In this work, a robust framework for solving contaminant source recovery problems is introduced. The contaminant source identification problem is first cast into one of solving uncertain linear equations, where the response matrix is constructed using a superposition technique. The formulation presented here is general and is applicable to any porous media flow and transport solvers. The robust least squares (RLS) estimator, which originated in the field of robust identification, directly accounts for errors arising from model uncertainty and has been shown to significantly reduce the sensitivity of the optimal solution to perturbations in model and data. In this work, a new variant of RLS, the constrained robust least squares (CRLS), is formulated for solving uncertain linear equations. CRLS allows for additional constraints, such as nonnegativity, to be imposed. The performance of CRLS is demonstrated through one- and two-dimensional test problems. When the system is ill-conditioned and uncertain, it is found that CRLS gave much better performance than its classical counterpart, the nonnegative least squares. The source identification framework developed in this work thus constitutes a reliable tool for recovering source release histories in real applications.

  7. Language Identification in Short Utterances Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks.

    PubMed

    Zazo, Ruben; Lozano-Diez, Alicia; Gonzalez-Dominguez, Javier; Toledano, Doroteo T; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Joaquin

    2016-01-01

    Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have recently outperformed other state-of-the-art approaches, such as i-vector and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), in automatic Language Identification (LID), particularly when dealing with very short utterances (∼3s). In this contribution we present an open-source, end-to-end, LSTM RNN system running on limited computational resources (a single GPU) that outperforms a reference i-vector system on a subset of the NIST Language Recognition Evaluation (8 target languages, 3s task) by up to a 26%. This result is in line with previously published research using proprietary LSTM implementations and huge computational resources, which made these former results hardly reproducible. Further, we extend those previous experiments modeling unseen languages (out of set, OOS, modeling), which is crucial in real applications. Results show that a LSTM RNN with OOS modeling is able to detect these languages and generalizes robustly to unseen OOS languages. Finally, we also analyze the effect of even more limited test data (from 2.25s to 0.1s) proving that with as little as 0.5s an accuracy of over 50% can be achieved.

  8. Language Identification in Short Utterances Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks

    PubMed Central

    Zazo, Ruben; Lozano-Diez, Alicia; Gonzalez-Dominguez, Javier; T. Toledano, Doroteo; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Joaquin

    2016-01-01

    Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have recently outperformed other state-of-the-art approaches, such as i-vector and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), in automatic Language Identification (LID), particularly when dealing with very short utterances (∼3s). In this contribution we present an open-source, end-to-end, LSTM RNN system running on limited computational resources (a single GPU) that outperforms a reference i-vector system on a subset of the NIST Language Recognition Evaluation (8 target languages, 3s task) by up to a 26%. This result is in line with previously published research using proprietary LSTM implementations and huge computational resources, which made these former results hardly reproducible. Further, we extend those previous experiments modeling unseen languages (out of set, OOS, modeling), which is crucial in real applications. Results show that a LSTM RNN with OOS modeling is able to detect these languages and generalizes robustly to unseen OOS languages. Finally, we also analyze the effect of even more limited test data (from 2.25s to 0.1s) proving that with as little as 0.5s an accuracy of over 50% can be achieved. PMID:26824467

  9. Mixed emotional and physical symptoms in general practice: what diagnoses do GPs use to describe them?

    PubMed

    Stone, Louise

    2015-04-01

    To determine what diagnostic terms are utilized by general practitioners (GPs) when seeing patients with mixed emotional and physical symptoms. Prototype cases of depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis, somatization and undifferentiated somatoform disorders were sourced from the psychiatric literature and the author's clinical practice. These were presented, in paper form, to a sample of GPs and GP registrars who were asked to provide a written diagnosis. Fifty-two questionnaires were returned (30% response rate). The depression and anxiety cases were identified correctly by most participants. There was moderate identification of the hypochondriasis and somatization disorder cases, and poor identification of the undifferentiated somatoform case. Somatization and undifferentiated somatoform disorders were infrequently recognized as diagnostic categories by the GPs in this study. Future research into the language and diagnostic reasoning utilized by GPs may help develop better diagnostic classification systems for use in primary care in this important area of practice.

  10. Validity of the mockwitness paradigm: testing the assumptions.

    PubMed

    McQuiston, Dawn E; Malpass, Roy S

    2002-08-01

    Mockwitness identifications are used to provide a quantitative measure of lineup fairness. Some theoretical and practical assumptions of this paradigm have not been studied in terms of mockwitnesses' decision processes and procedural variation (e.g., instructions, lineup presentation method), and the current experiment was conducted to empirically evaluate these assumptions. Four hundred and eighty mockwitnesses were given physical information about a culprit, received 1 of 4 variations of lineup instructions, and were asked to identify the culprit from either a fair or unfair sequential lineup containing 1 of 2 targets. Lineup bias estimates varied as a result of lineup fairness and the target presented. Mockwitnesses generally reported that the target's physical description was their main source of identifying information. Our findings support the use of mockwitness identifications as a useful technique for sequential lineup evaluation, but only for mockwitnesses who selected only 1 lineup member. Recommendations for the use of this evaluation procedure are discussed.

  11. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: EFFICIENCY OF SHORT-TERM TESTS IN IDENTIFYING GERM CELL MUTAGENS AND PUTATIVE NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS

    EPA Science Inventory

    For more than a decade, mutagenicity tests have had a clearly defined role in the identification of potential human mutagens and an ancillary role in the identification of potential human carcinogens. he efficiency of short-term tests in identifying germ cell mutagens has been ex...

  12. An outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infections in Denmark, Norway and Sweden, 2008.

    PubMed

    Bruun, T; Sørensen, G; Forshell, L P; Jensen, T; Nygard, K; Kapperud, G; Lindstedt, B A; Berglund, T; Wingstrand, A; Petersen, R F; Müller, L; Kjelsø, C; Ivarsson, S; Hjertqvist, M; Löfdahl, S; Ethelberg, S

    2009-03-12

    In November-December 2008, Norway and Denmark independently identified outbreaks of Salmonella Typhimurium infections characterised in the multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) by a distinct profile. Outbreak investigations were initiated independently in the two countries. In Denmark, a total of 37 cases were identified, and multiple findings of the outbreak strain in pork and pigs within the same supply chain led to the identification of pork in various forms as the source. In Norway, ten cases were identified, and the outbreak investigation quickly indicated meat bought in Sweden as the probable source and the Swedish authorities were alerted. Investigations in Sweden identified four human cases and two isolates from minced meat with the distinct profile. Subsequent trace-back of the meat showed that it most likely originated from Denmark. Through international alert from Norway on 19 December, it became clear that the Danish and Norwegian outbreak strains were identical and, later on, that the source of the outbreaks in all three countries could be traced back to Danish pork. MLVA was instrumental in linking the outbreaks in the different countries and tracing the source. This outbreak illustrates that good international communication channels, early alerting mechanisms, inter-sectoral collaboration between public health and food safety authorities and harmonised molecular typing tools are important for effective identification and management of cross-border outbreaks. Differences in legal requirements for food safety in neighbouring countries may be a challenge in terms of communication with consumers in areas where cross-border shopping is common.

  13. The HEAO A-1 X Ray Source Catalog (Wood Et Al. 1984): Documentation for the Machine-Readable Version

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Warren, Wayne H., Jr.

    1990-01-01

    The machine-readable version of the catalog, as it is currently being distributed from the Astronomical Data Center, is described. The catalog is a compilation of data for 842 sources detected with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Large Area Sky Survey Experiment flown aboard the HEAO 1 satellite. The data include source identifications, positions, error boxes, mean X-ray intensities, and cross identifications to other source designations.

  14. 40 CFR 62.8871 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Ohio Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.8871 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction or...

  15. 40 CFR 62.7101 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Nevada Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.7101 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction, or...

  16. 40 CFR 62.4352 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Kentucky Total Reduced Sulfur from Existing Kraft Pulp Mills § 62.4352 Identification of sources. The plan applies to..., Ky. (b) Willamette Industries, Corrugated Medium Mill and Bleached Pulp Mill, Hawesville, Kentucky...

  17. Cost Recovery: Finding a Needle in the Haystack.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Colucci, Michael A.

    1988-01-01

    The first step in cost recovery for asbestos removal is identification of product and manufacturer. Tables illustrate sources of product identification, types of asbestos bulk sample reports and source documents, asbestos-related diseases, and the synergistic effect of asbestos and cigarette smoking. (MLF)

  18. 40 CFR 62.10120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10120 Section 62.10120 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) International Paper Company in Georgetown. (3) Bowater Carolina Company in Catawba. (4) Stone Container...

  19. 40 CFR 62.9360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9360 Section 62.9360 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing facilities at the following primary aluminum reduction plants: (a) Reynolds Metals Company in...

  20. 40 CFR 62.9360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9360 Section 62.9360 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing facilities at the following primary aluminum reduction plants: (a) Reynolds Metals Company in...

  1. 40 CFR 62.10120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10120 Section 62.10120 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) International Paper Company in Georgetown. (3) Bowater Carolina Company in Catawba. (4) Stone Container...

  2. 40 CFR 62.9360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9360 Section 62.9360 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing facilities at the following primary aluminum reduction plants: (a) Reynolds Metals Company in...

  3. 40 CFR 62.10120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10120 Section 62.10120 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) International Paper Company in Georgetown. (3) Bowater Carolina Company in Catawba. (4) Stone Container...

  4. 40 CFR 62.10120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10120 Section 62.10120 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) International Paper Company in Georgetown. (3) Bowater Carolina Company in Catawba. (4) Stone Container...

  5. 40 CFR 62.10120 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10120 Section 62.10120 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) International Paper Company in Georgetown. (3) Bowater Carolina Company in Catawba. (4) Stone Container...

  6. 40 CFR 62.3852 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.3852 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (2) Chevron Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (3) Occidental Chemical Company...

  7. 40 CFR 62.3852 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.3852 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (2) Chevron Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (3) Occidental Chemical Company...

  8. 40 CFR 62.3852 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Emissions from Existing Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.3852 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following phosphate fertilizer plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (2) Chevron Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa. (3) Occidental Chemical Company...

  9. 40 CFR 62.7450 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7450 Section 62.7450 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  10. 40 CFR 62.7450 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7450 Section 62.7450 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  11. 40 CFR 62.7425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7425 Section 62.7425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  12. 40 CFR 62.7455 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7455 Section 62.7455 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  13. 40 CFR 62.7450 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7450 Section 62.7450 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  14. 40 CFR 62.7425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7425 Section 62.7425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  15. 40 CFR 62.7425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7425 Section 62.7425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  16. 40 CFR 62.7460 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7460 Section 62.7460 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  17. 40 CFR 62.7460 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7460 Section 62.7460 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  18. 40 CFR 62.7425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7425 Section 62.7425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  19. 40 CFR 62.7450 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7450 Section 62.7450 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  20. 40 CFR 62.7455 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7455 Section 62.7455 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  1. 40 CFR 62.7455 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7455 Section 62.7455 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  2. 40 CFR 62.7450 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7450 Section 62.7450 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  3. 40 CFR 62.7460 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7460 Section 62.7460 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  4. 40 CFR 62.7460 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7460 Section 62.7460 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  5. 40 CFR 62.7460 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7460 Section 62.7460 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  6. 40 CFR 62.7425 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.7425 Section 62.7425 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New Hampshire...

  7. 40 CFR 62.3851 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3851 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa (2) Koch Sulfur Products Company, Dubuque, Iowa Fluoride Emissions...

  8. 40 CFR 62.3851 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3851 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa (2) Koch Sulfur Products Company, Dubuque, Iowa Fluoride Emissions...

  9. 40 CFR 62.3851 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3851 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa (2) Koch Sulfur Products Company, Dubuque, Iowa Fluoride Emissions...

  10. 40 CFR 62.3851 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3851 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa (2) Koch Sulfur Products Company, Dubuque, Iowa Fluoride Emissions...

  11. 40 CFR 62.3851 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3851 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Agrico Chemical Company, Fort Madison, Iowa (2) Koch Sulfur Products Company, Dubuque, Iowa Fluoride Emissions...

  12. 40 CFR 62.9360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9360 Section 62.9360 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Oregon Fluoride...

  13. 40 CFR 62.3852 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.3852 Section 62.3852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Iowa Fluoride...

  14. 40 CFR 62.3852 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.3852 Section 62.3852 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Iowa Fluoride...

  15. 40 CFR 62.9360 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.9360 Section 62.9360 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Oregon Fluoride...

  16. A database de-identification framework to enable direct queries on medical data for secondary use.

    PubMed

    Erdal, B S; Liu, J; Ding, J; Chen, J; Marsh, C B; Kamal, J; Clymer, B D

    2012-01-01

    To qualify the use of patient clinical records as non-human-subject for research purpose, electronic medical record data must be de-identified so there is minimum risk to protected health information exposure. This study demonstrated a robust framework for structured data de-identification that can be applied to any relational data source that needs to be de-identified. Using a real world clinical data warehouse, a pilot implementation of limited subject areas were used to demonstrate and evaluate this new de-identification process. Query results and performances are compared between source and target system to validate data accuracy and usability. The combination of hashing, pseudonyms, and session dependent randomizer provides a rigorous de-identification framework to guard against 1) source identifier exposure; 2) internal data analyst manually linking to source identifiers; and 3) identifier cross-link among different researchers or multiple query sessions by the same researcher. In addition, a query rejection option is provided to refuse queries resulting in less than preset numbers of subjects and total records to prevent users from accidental subject identification due to low volume of data. This framework does not prevent subject re-identification based on prior knowledge and sequence of events. Also, it does not deal with medical free text de-identification, although text de-identification using natural language processing can be included due its modular design. We demonstrated a framework resulting in HIPAA Compliant databases that can be directly queried by researchers. This technique can be augmented to facilitate inter-institutional research data sharing through existing middleware such as caGrid.

  17. The 20th-Century Topographic Survey as Source Data for Long-Term Landscape Studies at Local and Regional Scales

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Varanka, Dalia

    2006-01-01

    Historical topographic maps are the only systematically collected data resource covering the entire nation for long-term landscape change studies over the 20th century for geographical and environmental research. The paper discusses aspects of the historical U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps that present constraints on the design of a database for such studies. Problems involved in this approach include locating the required maps, understanding land feature classification differences between topographic vs. land use/land cover maps, the approximation of error between different map editions of the same area, and the identification of true changes on the landscape between time periods. Suggested approaches to these issues are illustrated using an example of such a study by the author.

  18. [Knowledge identification and management in a surgery department].

    PubMed

    Rodríguez-Montes, José Antonio

    2006-08-01

    The hospital is an enterprise in which the surgery department represents a specific healthcare unit. The purpose of the surgery department, like that of any other enterprise, is assumed to be indefinite survival; to that end, it must be able to achieve and maintain a competitive advantage in the long term. Nevertheless, each surgery department, like each enterprise, can precisely define the scope of the above-mentioned terms, the main source of an enterprise's competitive advantage being its knowledge stock. Knowledge is recognized as being the basis of competitive success among institutions. This article presents the concept and classification of knowledge and discusses how it should be identified, inventoried, and managed. Special emphasis is placed on healthcare activity, since this sector presents certain characteristics distinguishing it from other sectors of economic and business activity.

  19. Breast-Feeding Friendly, but Not Formula Averse.

    PubMed

    Lewis, Juanita

    2017-11-01

    Breast-feeding is the optimal source of newborn nutrition in term infants and is associated with multiple short- and long-term health benefits. Establishment of breast-feeding may be difficult in a small subset of mothers, which can lead to adverse consequences in the newborn. Some of the consequences of suboptimal nutritional provision to the newborn, such as severe hyperbilirubinemia and breast-feeding-associated hypernatremic dehydration, can have devastating and long-lasting sequelae. Timely identification of mothers and newborns at risk for developing these complications is necessary to avoid significant morbidity and mortality. In these cases, the judicious use of formula supplementation may be considered. However, more studies are necessary to develop comprehensive formula supplementation criteria and guidelines for pediatric medical providers. [Pediatr Ann. 2017;46(11):e402-e408.]. Copyright 2017, SLACK Incorporated.

  20. Polarization and long-term variability of Sgr A* X-ray echo

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Churazov, E.; Khabibullin, I.; Ponti, G.; Sunyaev, R.

    2017-06-01

    We use a model of the molecular gas distribution within ˜100 pc from the centre of the Milky Way (Kruijssen, Dale & Longmore) to simulate time evolution and polarization properties of the reflected X-ray emission, associated with the past outbursts from Sgr A*. While this model is too simple to describe the complexity of the true gas distribution, it illustrates the importance and power of long-term observations of the reflected emission. We show that the variable part of X-ray emission observed by Chandra and XMM-Newton from prominent molecular clouds is well described by a pure reflection model, providing strong support of the reflection scenario. While the identification of Sgr A* as a primary source for this reflected emission is already a very appealing hypothesis, a decisive test of this model can be provided by future X-ray polarimetric observations, which will allow placing constraints on the location of the primary source. In addition, X-ray polarimeters (like, e.g. XIPE) have sufficient sensitivity to constrain the line-of-sight positions of molecular complexes, removing major uncertainty in the model.

  1. New approach for point pollution source identification in rivers based on the backward probability method.

    PubMed

    Wang, Jiabiao; Zhao, Jianshi; Lei, Xiaohui; Wang, Hao

    2018-06-13

    Pollution risk from the discharge of industrial waste or accidental spills during transportation poses a considerable threat to the security of rivers. The ability to quickly identify the pollution source is extremely important to enable emergency disposal of pollutants. This study proposes a new approach for point source identification of sudden water pollution in rivers, which aims to determine where (source location), when (release time) and how much pollutant (released mass) was introduced into the river. Based on the backward probability method (BPM) and the linear regression model (LR), the proposed LR-BPM converts the ill-posed problem of source identification into an optimization model, which is solved using a Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA). The decoupled parameters of released mass are not dependent on prior information, which improves the identification efficiency. A hypothetical case study with a different number of pollution sources was conducted to test the proposed approach, and the largest relative errors for identified location, release time, and released mass in all tests were not greater than 10%. Uncertainty in the LR-BPM is mainly due to a problem with model equifinality, but averaging the results of repeated tests greatly reduces errors. Furthermore, increasing the gauging sections further improves identification results. A real-world case study examines the applicability of the LR-BPM in practice, where it is demonstrated to be more accurate and time-saving than two existing approaches, Bayesian-MCMC and basic DEA. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. GENOTYPING CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS IN WATER SAMPLES AS A TOOL FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF CONTAMINATION SOURCES

    EPA Science Inventory

    The identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts in environmental samples is largely made by the use of an immunofluorescent assay (IFA). Because IFA detects oocysts from all Cryptosporidium parasites, the species distribution and source of Cryptosporidium parasites in environmental...

  3. 40 CFR 62.1102 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Units § 62.1102 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid production units: (a... Chemical Company in Fresno County. (d) Stauffer Chemical Company in Alameda County. (e) Valley Nitrogen...

  4. 40 CFR 62.5103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.5103 Section 62.5103 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS..., Frederick, Maryland. [50 FR 9628, Mar. 11, 1985] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide...

  5. 40 CFR 62.9515 - Identification of sources-Negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources-Negative declaration. 62.9515 Section 62.9515 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... Oregon Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds, Particulates and Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Existing...

  6. 40 CFR 62.9140 - Identification of source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of source. 62.9140 Section 62.9140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... following kraft pulp mill: (a) Weyerhaeuser Paper Company in Valliant, Oklahoma. [54 FR 24905, June 12, 1989...

  7. 40 CFR 62.9140 - Identification of source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of source. 62.9140 Section 62.9140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... following kraft pulp mill: (a) Weyerhaeuser Paper Company in Valliant, Oklahoma. [54 FR 24905, June 12, 1989...

  8. 40 CFR 62.2606 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.2606 Section 62.2606 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) Savannah Energy Systems Company, Savannah, Georgia. (2) [Reserved] [63 FR 27496, May 19, 1998] Landfill Gas...

  9. 40 CFR 62.9140 - Identification of source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of source. 62.9140 Section 62.9140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... following kraft pulp mill: (a) Weyerhaeuser Paper Company in Valliant, Oklahoma. [54 FR 24905, June 12, 1989...

  10. 40 CFR 62.9140 - Identification of source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of source. 62.9140 Section 62.9140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... following kraft pulp mill: (a) Weyerhaeuser Paper Company in Valliant, Oklahoma. [54 FR 24905, June 12, 1989...

  11. 40 CFR 62.2606 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.2606 Section 62.2606 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...) Savannah Energy Systems Company, Savannah, Georgia. (2) [Reserved] [63 FR 27496, May 19, 1998] Landfill Gas...

  12. 40 CFR 62.10630 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units-Section 111(d)/129 Plan § 62.10630 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999, in Nashville/Davidson County...

  13. 40 CFR 62.10630 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units-Section 111(d)/129 Plan § 62.10630 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999, in Nashville/Davidson County...

  14. 40 CFR 62.1351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.1351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to all existing municipal solid waste landfills for which construction, reconstruction, or modification was commenced before May 30, 1991 that accepted waste at any time since November...

  15. 40 CFR 62.5103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.5103 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing primary aluminum reduction plants: (1) Eastalco Aluminum Plant, Frederick, Maryland. [50 FR 9628, Mar. 11, 1985] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide...

  16. 40 CFR 62.5103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.5103 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing primary aluminum reduction plants: (1) Eastalco Aluminum Plant, Frederick, Maryland. [50 FR 9628, Mar. 11, 1985] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide...

  17. 40 CFR 62.5103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.5103 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing primary aluminum reduction plants: (1) Eastalco Aluminum Plant, Frederick, Maryland. [50 FR 9628, Mar. 11, 1985] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide...

  18. 40 CFR 62.5103 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Fluoride Emissions from Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants § 62.5103 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to the following existing primary aluminum reduction plants: (1) Eastalco Aluminum Plant, Frederick, Maryland. [50 FR 9628, Mar. 11, 1985] Metals, Acid Gases, Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide...

  19. Suggestibility and state anxiety: how the two concepts relate in a source identification paradigm.

    PubMed

    Ridley, Anne M; Clifford, Brian R

    2006-01-01

    Source identification tests provide a stringent method for testing the suggestibility of memory because they reduce response bias and experimental demand characteristics. Using the techniques and materials of Maria Zaragoza and her colleagues, we investigated how state anxiety affects the ability of undergraduates to identify correctly the source of misleading post-event information. The results showed that individuals high in state anxiety were less likely to make source misattributions of misleading information, indicating lower levels of suggestibility. This effect was strengthened when forgotten or non-recognised misleading items (for which a source identification task is not possible) were excluded from the analysis. Confidence in the correct attribution of misleading post-event information to its source was significantly less than confidence in source misattributions. Participants who were high in state anxiety tended to be less confident than those lower in state anxiety when they correctly identified the source of both misleading post-event information and non-misled items. The implications of these findings are discussed, drawing on the literature on anxiety and cognition as well as suggestibility.

  20. Performance comparison of denoising filters for source camera identification

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cortiana, A.; Conotter, V.; Boato, G.; De Natale, F. G. B.

    2011-02-01

    Source identification for digital content is one of the main branches of digital image forensics. It relies on the extraction of the photo-response non-uniformity (PRNU) noise as a unique intrinsic fingerprint that efficiently characterizes the digital device which generated the content. Such noise is estimated as the difference between the content and its de-noised version obtained via denoising filter processing. This paper proposes a performance comparison of different denoising filters for source identification purposes. In particular, results achieved with a sophisticated 3D filter are presented and discussed with respect to state-of-the-art denoising filters previously employed in such a context.

  1. Consistency of the Performance and Nonperformance Methods in Gifted Identification

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Acar, Selcuk; Sen, Sedat; Cayirdag, Nur

    2016-01-01

    Current approaches to gifted identification suggest collecting multiple sources of evidence. Some gifted identification guidelines allow for the interchangeable use of "performance" and "nonperformance" identification methods. This multiple criteria approach lacks a strong overlap between the assessment tools; however,…

  2. 40 CFR 62.10110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10110 Section 62.10110 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing plants at the following locations: (1) Sulfur-burning plants of W. R. Grace and Company's plant in...

  3. 40 CFR 62.10110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10110 Section 62.10110 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing plants at the following locations: (1) Sulfur-burning plants of W. R. Grace and Company's plant in...

  4. 40 CFR 62.10110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10110 Section 62.10110 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing plants at the following locations: (1) Sulfur-burning plants of W. R. Grace and Company's plant in...

  5. 40 CFR 62.10110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10110 Section 62.10110 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing plants at the following locations: (1) Sulfur-burning plants of W. R. Grace and Company's plant in...

  6. 40 CFR 62.10110 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification of sources. 62.10110 Section 62.10110 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... existing plants at the following locations: (1) Sulfur-burning plants of W. R. Grace and Company's plant in...

  7. 40 CFR 62.107 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.107 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that commenced construction on or before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 4105, Jan. 28, 2003] ...

  8. 40 CFR 62.6127 - Identification of Sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.6127 Identification of Sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 25293, May 12, 2003] ...

  9. 40 CFR 62.6127 - Identification of Sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.6127 Identification of Sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 25293, May 12, 2003] ...

  10. 40 CFR 62.107 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.107 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that commenced construction on or before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 4105, Jan. 28, 2003] ...

  11. Effects of personal identifier resynthesis on clinical text de-identification.

    PubMed

    Yeniterzi, Reyyan; Aberdeen, John; Bayer, Samuel; Wellner, Ben; Hirschman, Lynette; Malin, Bradley

    2010-01-01

    De-identified medical records are critical to biomedical research. Text de-identification software exists, including "resynthesis" components that replace real identifiers with synthetic identifiers. The goal of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness and examine possible bias introduced by resynthesis on de-identification software. We evaluated the open-source MITRE Identification Scrubber Toolkit, which includes a resynthesis capability, with clinical text from Vanderbilt University Medical Center patient records. We investigated four record classes from over 500 patients' files, including laboratory reports, medication orders, discharge summaries and clinical notes. We trained and tested the de-identification tool on real and resynthesized records. We measured performance in terms of precision, recall, F-measure and accuracy for the detection of protected health identifiers as designated by the HIPAA Safe Harbor Rule. The de-identification tool was trained and tested on a collection of real and resynthesized Vanderbilt records. Results for training and testing on the real records were 0.990 accuracy and 0.960 F-measure. The results improved when trained and tested on resynthesized records with 0.998 accuracy and 0.980 F-measure but deteriorated moderately when trained on real records and tested on resynthesized records with 0.989 accuracy 0.862 F-measure. Moreover, the results declined significantly when trained on resynthesized records and tested on real records with 0.942 accuracy and 0.728 F-measure. The de-identification tool achieves high accuracy when training and test sets are homogeneous (ie, both real or resynthesized records). The resynthesis component regularizes the data to make them less "realistic," resulting in loss of performance particularly when training on resynthesized data and testing on real data.

  12. IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES AND SOURCES OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS IN STORM WATERS BY A SMALL SUBUNIT RRNA-BASED DIAGNOSTIC AND GENOTYPING TOOL

    EPA Science Inventory

    The identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts in environmental samples is largely made by the use of immunofluorescent assay (IFA). because IFA detects oocysts from all Cryptosporidium parasites, the species distribution and source of Cryptosporidium parasites in environmental sa...

  13. Talker Identification across Source Mechanisms: Experiments with Laryngeal and Electrolarynx Speech

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perrachione, Tyler K.; Stepp, Cara E.; Hillman, Robert E.; Wong, Patrick C. M.

    2014-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine listeners' ability to learn talker identity from speech produced with an electrolarynx, explore source and filter differentiation in talker identification, and describe acoustic-phonetic changes associated with electrolarynx use. Method: Healthy adult control listeners learned to identify…

  14. 40 CFR 62.2353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Reduced Sulfur Emissions from Kraft Pulp Mills and Tall Oil Plants § 62.2353 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing kraft pulp plants and tall oil... in Panama City (i) Arizona Chemical Company (Tall Oil Plant) in Panama City (j) Sylvachem Corporation...

  15. 40 CFR 62.8351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... (5) Northeast Chemical Company in New Hanover County. (b) There are no oleum plants. (c) There are no... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid plants: (a) Sulfur-burning plants operated by...

  16. 40 CFR 62.855 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.855 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing sulfuric acid plant: (1) El Dorado Chemical Company in El Dorado, Arkansas. (2) [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] [63 FR 11608, Mar. 10, 1998] Total...

  17. 40 CFR 62.855 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.855 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing sulfuric acid plant: (1) El Dorado Chemical Company in El Dorado, Arkansas. (2) [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] [63 FR 11608, Mar. 10, 1998] Total...

  18. 40 CFR 62.8351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... (5) Northeast Chemical Company in New Hanover County. (b) There are no oleum plants. (c) There are no... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid plants: (a) Sulfur-burning plants operated by...

  19. 40 CFR 62.8351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... (5) Northeast Chemical Company in New Hanover County. (b) There are no oleum plants. (c) There are no... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid plants: (a) Sulfur-burning plants operated by...

  20. 40 CFR 62.2353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... in Panama City (i) Arizona Chemical Company (Tall Oil Plant) in Panama City (j) Sylvachem Corporation... Reduced Sulfur Emissions from Kraft Pulp Mills and Tall Oil Plants § 62.2353 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing kraft pulp plants and tall oil...

  1. 40 CFR 62.2353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... in Panama City (i) Arizona Chemical Company (Tall Oil Plant) in Panama City (j) Sylvachem Corporation... Reduced Sulfur Emissions from Kraft Pulp Mills and Tall Oil Plants § 62.2353 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing kraft pulp plants and tall oil...

  2. 40 CFR 62.8351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... (5) Northeast Chemical Company in New Hanover County. (b) There are no oleum plants. (c) There are no... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid plants: (a) Sulfur-burning plants operated by...

  3. 40 CFR 62.855 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.855 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing sulfuric acid plant: (1) El Dorado Chemical Company in El Dorado, Arkansas. (2) [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] [63 FR 11608, Mar. 10, 1998] Total...

  4. 40 CFR 62.855 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.855 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing sulfuric acid plant: (1) El Dorado Chemical Company in El Dorado, Arkansas. (2) [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] [63 FR 11608, Mar. 10, 1998] Total...

  5. 40 CFR 62.8351 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... (5) Northeast Chemical Company in New Hanover County. (b) There are no oleum plants. (c) There are no... Sulfuric Acid Mist from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8351 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following sulfuric acid plants: (a) Sulfur-burning plants operated by...

  6. 40 CFR 62.855 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.855 Identification of sources. (a) The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing sulfuric acid plant: (1) El Dorado Chemical Company in El Dorado, Arkansas. (2) [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] [63 FR 11608, Mar. 10, 1998] Total...

  7. 40 CFR 62.2353 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... in Panama City (i) Arizona Chemical Company (Tall Oil Plant) in Panama City (j) Sylvachem Corporation... Reduced Sulfur Emissions from Kraft Pulp Mills and Tall Oil Plants § 62.2353 Identification of sources. The plan applies to existing facilities at the following existing kraft pulp plants and tall oil...

  8. 40 CFR 62.2380 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.2380 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 17885, Apr. 14, 2003] Air...

  9. 40 CFR 62.2380 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration (ciswi) Units (section 111(d)/129 Plan) § 62.2380 Identification of sources. The Plan applies to existing Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units that Commenced Construction On or Before November 30, 1999. [68 FR 17885, Apr. 14, 2003] Air...

  10. Molecular identification of organic compounds in atmospheric complex mixtures and relationship to atmospheric chemistry and sources.

    PubMed

    Mazurek, Monica A

    2002-12-01

    This article describes a chemical characterization approach for complex organic compound mixtures associated with fine atmospheric particles of diameters less than 2.5 m (PM2.5). It relates molecular- and bulk-level chemical characteristics of the complex mixture to atmospheric chemistry and to emission sources. Overall, the analytical approach describes the organic complex mixtures in terms of a chemical mass balance (CMB). Here, the complex mixture is related to a bulk elemental measurement (total carbon) and is broken down systematically into functional groups and molecular compositions. The CMB and molecular-level information can be used to understand the sources of the atmospheric fine particles through conversion of chromatographic data and by incorporation into receptor-based CMB models. Once described and quantified within a mass balance framework, the chemical profiles for aerosol organic matter can be applied to existing air quality issues. Examples include understanding health effects of PM2.5 and defining and controlling key sources of anthropogenic fine particles. Overall, the organic aerosol compositional data provide chemical information needed for effective PM2.5 management.

  11. Locating Groundwater Pollution Source using Breakthrough Curve Characteristics and Artificial Neural Networks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kumar, J.; Jain, A.; Srivastava, R.

    2005-12-01

    The identification of pollution sources in aquifers is an important area of research not only for the hydrologists but also for the local and Federal agencies and defense organizations. Once the data in terms of pollutant concentration measurements at observation wells become known, it is important to identify the polluting industry in order to implement punitive or remedial measures. Traditionally, hydrologists have relied on the conceptual methods for the identification of groundwater pollution sources. The problem of identification of groundwater pollution sources using the conceptual methods requires a thorough understanding of the groundwater flow and contaminant transport processes and inverse modeling procedures that are highly complex and difficult to implement. Recently, the soft computing techniques, such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms, have provided an attractive and easy to implement alternative to solve complex problems efficiently. Some researchers have used ANNs for the identification of pollution sources in aquifers. A major problem with most previous studies using ANNs has been the large size of the neural networks that are needed to model the inverse problem. The breakthrough curves at an observation well may consist of hundreds of concentration measurements, and presenting all of them to the input layer of an ANN not only results in humongous networks but also requires large amount of training and testing data sets to develop the ANN models. This paper presents the results of a study aimed at using certain characteristics of the breakthrough curves and ANNs for determining the distance of the pollution source from a given observation well. Two different neural network models are developed that differ in the manner of characterizing the breakthrough curves. The first ANN model uses five parameters, similar to the synthetic unit hydrograph parameters, to characterize the breakthrough curves. The five parameters employed are peak concentration, time to peak concentration, the widths of the breakthrough curves at 50% and 75% of the peak concentration, and the time base of the breakthrough curve. The second ANN model employs only the first four parameters leaving out the time base. The measurement of breakthrough curve at an observation well involves very high costs in sample collection at suitable time intervals and analysis for various contaminants. The receding portions of the breakthrough curves are normally very long and excluding the time base from modeling would result in considerable cost savings. The feed-forward multi-layer perceptron (MLP) type neural networks trained using the back-propagation algorithm, are employed in this study. The ANN models for the two approaches were developed using simulated data generated for conservative pollutant transport through a homogeneous aquifer. A new approach for ANN training using back-propagation is employed that considers two different error statistics to prevent over-training and under-training of the ANNs. The preliminary results indicate that the ANNs are able to identify the location of the pollution source very efficiently from both the methods of the breakthrough curves characterization.

  12. Source Identification of Human Biological Materials and Its Prospect in Forensic Science.

    PubMed

    Zou, K N; Gui, C; Gao, Y; Yang, F; Zhou, H G

    2016-06-01

    Source identification of human biological materials in crime scene plays an important role in reconstructing the crime process. Searching specific genetic markers to identify the source of different human biological materials is the emphasis and difficulty of the research work of legal medical experts in recent years. This paper reviews the genetic markers which are used for identifying the source of human biological materials and studied widely, such as DNA methylation, mRNA, microRNA, microflora and protein, etc. By comparing the principles and methods of source identification of human biological materials using different kinds of genetic markers, different source of human biological material owns suitable marker types and can be identified by detecting single genetic marker or combined multiple genetic markers. Though there is no uniform standard and method for identifying the source of human biological materials in forensic laboratories at present, the research and development of a series of mature and reliable methods for distinguishing different human biological materials play the role as forensic evidence which will be the future development direction. Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.

  13. An novel identification method of the environmental risk sources for surface water pollution accidents in chemical industrial parks.

    PubMed

    Peng, Jianfeng; Song, Yonghui; Yuan, Peng; Xiao, Shuhu; Han, Lu

    2013-07-01

    The chemical industry is a major source of various pollution accidents. Improving the management level of risk sources for pollution accidents has become an urgent demand for most industrialized countries. In pollution accidents, the released chemicals harm the receptors to some extent depending on their sensitivity or susceptibility. Therefore, identifying the potential risk sources from such a large number of chemical enterprises has become pressingly urgent. Based on the simulation of the whole accident process, a novel and expandable identification method for risk sources causing water pollution accidents is presented. The newly developed approach, by analyzing and stimulating the whole process of a pollution accident between sources and receptors, can be applied to identify risk sources, especially on the nationwide scale. Three major types of losses, such as social, economic and ecological losses, were normalized, analyzed and used for overall consequence modeling. A specific case study area, located in a chemical industry park (CIP) along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China, was selected to test the potential of the identification method. The results showed that there were four risk sources for pollution accidents in this CIP. Aniline leakage in the HS Chemical Plant would lead to the most serious impact on the surrounding water environment. This potential accident would severely damage the ecosystem up to 3.8 km downstream of Yangtze River, and lead to pollution over a distance stretching to 73.7 km downstream. The proposed method is easily extended to the nationwide identification of potential risk sources.

  14. Biomass burning contributions estimated by synergistic coupling of daily and hourly aerosol composition records.

    PubMed

    Nava, S; Lucarelli, F; Amato, F; Becagli, S; Calzolai, G; Chiari, M; Giannoni, M; Traversi, R; Udisti, R

    2015-04-01

    Biomass burning (BB) is a significant source of particulate matter (PM) in many parts of the world. Whereas numerous studies demonstrate the relevance of BB emissions in central and northern Europe, the quantification of this source has been assessed only in few cities in southern European countries. In this work, the application of Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) allowed a clear identification and quantification of an unexpected very high biomass burning contribution in Tuscany (central Italy), in the most polluted site of the PATOS project. In this urban background site, BB accounted for 37% of the mass of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter<10 μm) as annual average, and more than 50% during winter, being the main cause of all the PM10 limit exceedances. Due to the chemical complexity of BB emissions, an accurate assessment of this source contribution is not always easily achievable using just a single tracer. The present work takes advantage of the combination of a long-term daily data-set, characterized by an extended chemical speciation, with a short-term high time resolution (1-hour) and size-segregated data-set, obtained by PIXE analyses of streaker samples. The hourly time pattern of the BB source, characterised by a periodic behaviour with peaks starting at about 6 p.m. and lasting all the evening-night, and its strong seasonality, with higher values in the winter period, clearly confirmed the hypothesis of a domestic heating source (also excluding important contributions from wildfires and agricultural wastes burning). Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. Preliminary investigation of processes that affect source term identification. Environmental Restoration Program

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wickliff, D.S.; Solomon, D.K.; Farrow, N.D.

    Solid Waste Storage Area (SWSA) 5 is known to be a significant source of contaminants, especially tritium ({sup 3}H), to the White Oak Creek (WOC) watershed. For example, Solomon et al. (1991) estimated the total {sup 3}H discharge in Melton Branch (most of which originates in SWSA 5) for the 1988 water year to be 1210 Ci. A critical issue for making decisions concerning remedial actions at SWSA 5 is knowing whether the annual contaminant discharge is increasing or decreasing. Because (1) the magnitude of the annual contaminant discharge is highly correlated to the amount of annual precipitation (Solomon etmore » al., 1991) and (2) a significant lag may exist between the time of peak contaminant release from primary sources (i.e., waste trenches) and the time of peak discharge into streams, short-term stream monitoring by itself is not sufficient for predicting future contaminant discharges. In this study we use {sup 3}H to examine the link between contaminant release from primary waste sources and contaminant discharge into streams. By understanding and quantifying subsurface transport processes, realistic predictions of future contaminant discharge, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of remedial action alternatives, will be possible. The objectives of this study are (1) to characterize the subsurface movement of contaminants (primarily {sup 3}H) with an emphasis on the effects of matrix diffusion; (2) to determine the relative strength of primary vs secondary sources; and (3) to establish a methodology capable of determining whether the {sup 3}H discharge from SWSA 5 to streams is increasing or decreasing.« less

  16. Preliminary investigation of processes that affect source term identification

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wickliff, D.S.; Solomon, D.K.; Farrow, N.D.

    Solid Waste Storage Area (SWSA) 5 is known to be a significant source of contaminants, especially tritium ({sup 3}H), to the White Oak Creek (WOC) watershed. For example, Solomon et al. (1991) estimated the total {sup 3}H discharge in Melton Branch (most of which originates in SWSA 5) for the 1988 water year to be 1210 Ci. A critical issue for making decisions concerning remedial actions at SWSA 5 is knowing whether the annual contaminant discharge is increasing or decreasing. Because (1) the magnitude of the annual contaminant discharge is highly correlated to the amount of annual precipitation (Solomon etmore » al., 1991) and (2) a significant lag may exist between the time of peak contaminant release from primary sources (i.e., waste trenches) and the time of peak discharge into streams, short-term stream monitoring by itself is not sufficient for predicting future contaminant discharges. In this study we use {sup 3}H to examine the link between contaminant release from primary waste sources and contaminant discharge into streams. By understanding and quantifying subsurface transport processes, realistic predictions of future contaminant discharge, along with an evaluation of the effectiveness of remedial action alternatives, will be possible. The objectives of this study are (1) to characterize the subsurface movement of contaminants (primarily {sup 3}H) with an emphasis on the effects of matrix diffusion; (2) to determine the relative strength of primary vs secondary sources; and (3) to establish a methodology capable of determining whether the {sup 3}H discharge from SWSA 5 to streams is increasing or decreasing.« less

  17. Computational Acoustic Beamforming for Noise Source Identification for Small Wind Turbines.

    PubMed

    Ma, Ping; Lien, Fue-Sang; Yee, Eugene

    2017-01-01

    This paper develops a computational acoustic beamforming (CAB) methodology for identification of sources of small wind turbine noise. This methodology is validated using the case of the NACA 0012 airfoil trailing edge noise. For this validation case, the predicted acoustic maps were in excellent conformance with the results of the measurements obtained from the acoustic beamforming experiment. Following this validation study, the CAB methodology was applied to the identification of noise sources generated by a commercial small wind turbine. The simulated acoustic maps revealed that the blade tower interaction and the wind turbine nacelle were the two primary mechanisms for sound generation for this small wind turbine at frequencies between 100 and 630 Hz.

  18. Modeling the contribution of point sources and non-point sources to Thachin River water pollution.

    PubMed

    Schaffner, Monika; Bader, Hans-Peter; Scheidegger, Ruth

    2009-08-15

    Major rivers in developing and emerging countries suffer increasingly of severe degradation of water quality. The current study uses a mathematical Material Flow Analysis (MMFA) as a complementary approach to address the degradation of river water quality due to nutrient pollution in the Thachin River Basin in Central Thailand. This paper gives an overview of the origins and flow paths of the various point- and non-point pollution sources in the Thachin River Basin (in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus) and quantifies their relative importance within the system. The key parameters influencing the main nutrient flows are determined and possible mitigation measures discussed. The results show that aquaculture (as a point source) and rice farming (as a non-point source) are the key nutrient sources in the Thachin River Basin. Other point sources such as pig farms, households and industries, which were previously cited as the most relevant pollution sources in terms of organic pollution, play less significant roles in comparison. This order of importance shifts when considering the model results for the provincial level. Crosschecks with secondary data and field studies confirm the plausibility of our simulations. Specific nutrient loads for the pollution sources are derived; these can be used for a first broad quantification of nutrient pollution in comparable river basins. Based on an identification of the sensitive model parameters, possible mitigation scenarios are determined and their potential to reduce the nutrient load evaluated. A comparison of simulated nutrient loads with measured nutrient concentrations shows that nutrient retention in the river system may be significant. Sedimentation in the slow flowing surface water network as well as nitrogen emission to the air from the warm oxygen deficient waters are certainly partly responsible, but also wetlands along the river banks could play an important role as nutrient sinks.

  19. Spectral identification of a 90Sr source in the presence of masking nuclides using Maximum-Likelihood deconvolution

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Neuer, Marcus J.

    2013-11-01

    A technique for the spectral identification of strontium-90 is shown, utilising a Maximum-Likelihood deconvolution. Different deconvolution approaches are discussed and summarised. Based on the intensity distribution of the beta emission and Geant4 simulations, a combined response matrix is derived, tailored to the β- detection process in sodium iodide detectors. It includes scattering effects and attenuation by applying a base material decomposition extracted from Geant4 simulations with a CAD model for a realistic detector system. Inversion results of measurements show the agreement between deconvolution and reconstruction. A detailed investigation with additional masking sources like 40K, 226Ra and 131I shows that a contamination of strontium can be found in the presence of these nuisance sources. Identification algorithms for strontium are presented based on the derived technique. For the implementation of blind identification, an exemplary masking ratio is calculated.

  20. Identification of Cu’s sources in Jiaozhou Bay

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yang, Dongfang; Li, Haixia; Ding, Jun; Zhang, Longlei; Li, Jiangmin

    2017-12-01

    Many marine bays have been polluted by Cu along with the rapid development of industry, economy and population size, and identification the sources of Cu is essential to environmental protection. This paper identified the sources of Cu in according to the horizontal distribution in Jiaozhou Bay during 1982-1986. Results showed that there were five Cu sources during study years including marine current, stream flow, island top, overland runoff and marine traffic, respectively. These findings were helpful information in decision-making of pollution control and environmental remediation practice.

  1. The Third EGRET Catalog of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hartman, R. C.; Bertsch, D. L.; Bloom, S. D.; Chen, A. W.; Deines-Jones, P.; Esposito, J. A.; Fichtel, C. E.; Friedlander, D. P.; Hunter, S. D.; McDonald, L. M.; hide

    1998-01-01

    The third catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the EGRET telescope on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory includes data from 1991 April 22 to 1995 October 3 (Cycles 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the mission). In addition to including more data than the second EGRET catalog and its supplement, this catalog uses completely reprocessed data (to correct a number of mostly minimal errors and problems). The 271 sources (E greater than 100 MeV) in the catalog include the single 1991 solar flare bright enough to be detected as a source, the Large Magellanic Cloud, five pulsars, one probable radio galaxy detection (Cen A), and 66 high-confidence identifications of blazars (BL Lac objects, flat-spectrum radio quasars, or unidentified flat-spectrum radio sources). In addition, 27 lower-confidence potential blazar identifications are noted. Finally, the catalog contains 170 sources not yet identified firmly with known objects, although potential identifications have been suggested for a number of those. A figure is presented that gives approximate upper limits for gamma-ray sources at any point in the sky, as well as information about sources listed in the second catalog and its supplement which do not appear in this catalog.

  2. Identifications of Einstein Slew Survey sources

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Schachter, Jonathan F.; Elvis, Martin S.; Plummer, David; Fabbiano, G.

    1992-01-01

    The status of identifications of the Einstien Slew Survey, a bright soft x-ray catalog with 550 new x-ray sources, is discussed. Possible counterparts were found for greater than 95 percent of the Slew Survey based on positional coincidences and color-color diagnostics. The survey will be fully identified via upcoming radio and optical observations.

  3. Source Identification of PM2.5 in Steubenville, Ohio Using a Hybrid Method for Highly Time-resolved Data

    EPA Science Inventory

    A new source-type identification method, Reduction and Species Clustering Using Episodes (ReSCUE), was developed to exploit the temporal synchronicity between species to form clusters of species that vary together. High time-resolution (30 min) PM2.5 sampling was condu...

  4. Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak at a Long-Term Care Facility Caused by a Cooling Tower Using an Automated Disinfection System--Ohio, 2013.

    PubMed

    Quinn, Celia; Demirjian, Alicia; Watkins, Louise Francois; Tomczyk, Sara; Lucas, Claressa; Brown, Ellen; Kozak-Muiznieks, Natalia; Benitez, Alvaro; Garrison, Laurel E; Kunz, Jasen; Brewer, Scott; Eitniear, Samantha; DiOrio, Mary

    2015-12-01

    On July 9, 2013, an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease (LD) was identified at Long-Term Care Facility A in central Ohio. This article describes the investigation of the outbreak and identification of the outbreak source, a cooling tower using an automated biocide delivery system. In total, 39 outbreak LD cases were identified; among these, six patients died. Water samples from a cooling tower were positive for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, reactive to monoclonal antibody 2, with matching sequence type to a patient isolate. An electronic control system turned off cooling tower pumps during low-demand periods, preventing delivery of disinfectant by a timed-release system, and leading to amplification of Legionella in the cooling tower. Guidelines for tower maintenance should address optimal disinfection when using automated systems.

  5. Distress identification manual for the long-term pavement performance program (Fifth revised edition)

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2014-05-01

    Accurate, consistent, and repeatable distress evaluation surveys can be performed by using the Distress Identification Manual for the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program. Color photographs and drawings illustrate the distresses found in three basi...

  6. Radio Identifications of UGC Galaxies - Starbursts and Monsters

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Condon, J. J.; Broderick, J. J.

    1995-11-01

    Radio identifications of galaxies in the Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies with delta < +82 degrees were made from the Green Bank 1400 MHz sky maps. Every source having peak flux density S(P) >= 150 mJy in the approximately 12 arcmin FWHM map point-source response and position < 5 arcmin in both coordinates from the optical position of any UGC galaxy was considered a candidate identification to ensure that very extended (up to 1 Mpc) and asymmetric sources would not be missed. Maps in the literature or new 1.49 GHz VLA C-array maps made with 18 arcsec FWHM resolution were used to confirm or reject candidate identifications. The maps in this directory include both confirmed identifications and candidates rejected because of confusion or low flux density. For more information on this study, please see the following reference: Condon, J. J., and Broderick, J. J., 1988, AJ, 96, 30. The images and related TeX file come from the NRAO CDROM "Images From the Radio Universe" (c. 1992 National Radio Astronomy Observatory, used with permission).

  7. High-resolution synchrotron-based Fourier transform spectroscopy of [image omitted] in the 120-350 cm-1 far-infrared region

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Moruzzi, G.; Murphy, R. J.; Lees, R. M.; Predoi-Cross, A.; Billinghurst, B. E.

    2010-09-01

    The Fourier transform spectrum of the ? isotopologue of methanol has been recorded in the 120-350 cm-1 far-infrared region at a resolution of 0.00096 cm-1 using synchrotron source radiation at the Canadian Light Source. The study, motivated by astrophysical applications, is aimed at generating a sufficiently accurate set of energy level term values for the ground vibrational state to allow prediction of the centres of the quadrupole hyperfine multiplets for astronomically observable sub-millimetre transitions to within an uncertainty of a few MHz. To expedite transition identification, a new function was added to the Ritz program in which predicted spectral line positions were generated by an adjustable interpolation between the known assignments for the ? and ? isotopologues. By displaying the predictions along with the experimental spectrum on the computer monitor and adjusting the predictions to match observed features, rapid assignment of numerous ? sub-bands was possible. The least squares function of the Ritz program was then used to generate term values for the identified levels. For each torsion-K-rotation substate, the term values were fitted to a Taylor-series expansion in powers of J(J + 1) to determine the substate origin energy and effective B-value. In this first phase of the study we did not attempt a full global fit to the assigned transitions, but instead fitted the sub-band J-independent origins to a restricted Hamiltonian containing the principal torsional and K-dependent terms. These included structural and torsional potential parameters plus quartic distortional and torsion-rotation interaction terms.

  8. Pinch technique and the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Binosi, Daniele; Papavassiliou, Joannis

    2002-07-01

    In this paper we take the first step towards a nondiagrammatic formulation of the pinch technique. In particular we proceed into a systematic identification of the parts of the one-loop and two-loop Feynman diagrams that are exchanged during the pinching process in terms of unphysical ghost Green's functions; the latter appear in the standard Slavnov-Taylor identity satisfied by the tree-level and one-loop three-gluon vertex. This identification allows for the consistent generalization of the intrinsic pinch technique to two loops, through the collective treatment of entire sets of diagrams, instead of the laborious algebraic manipulation of individual graphs, and sets up the stage for the generalization of the method to all orders. We show that the task of comparing the effective Green's functions obtained by the pinch technique with those computed in the background field method Feynman gauge is significantly facilitated when employing the powerful quantization framework of Batalin and Vilkovisky. This formalism allows for the derivation of a set of useful nonlinear identities, which express the background field method Green's functions in terms of the conventional (quantum) ones and auxiliary Green's functions involving the background source and the gluonic antifield; these latter Green's functions are subsequently related by means of a Schwinger-Dyson type of equation to the ghost Green's functions appearing in the aforementioned Slavnov-Taylor identity.

  9. Visual Presentation Effects on Identification of Multiple Environmental Sounds

    PubMed Central

    Masakura, Yuko; Ichikawa, Makoto; Shimono, Koichi; Nakatsuka, Reio

    2016-01-01

    This study examined how the contents and timing of a visual stimulus affect the identification of mixed sounds recorded in a daily life environment. For experiments, we presented four environment sounds as auditory stimuli for 5 s along with a picture or a written word as a visual stimulus that might or might not denote the source of one of the four sounds. Three conditions of temporal relations between the visual stimuli and sounds were used. The visual stimulus was presented either: (a) for 5 s simultaneously with the sound; (b) for 5 s, 1 s before the sound (SOA between the audio and visual stimuli was 6 s); or (c) for 33 ms, 1 s before the sound (SOA was 1033 ms). Participants reported all identifiable sounds for those audio–visual stimuli. To characterize the effects of visual stimuli on sound identification, the following were used: the identification rates of sounds for which the visual stimulus denoted its sound source, the rates of other sounds for which the visual stimulus did not denote the sound source, and the frequency of false hearing of a sound that was not presented for each sound set. Results of the four experiments demonstrated that a picture or a written word promoted identification of the sound when it was related to the sound, particularly when the visual stimulus was presented for 5 s simultaneously with the sounds. However, a visual stimulus preceding the sounds had a benefit only for the picture, not for the written word. Furthermore, presentation with a picture denoting a sound simultaneously with the sound reduced the frequency of false hearing. These results suggest three ways that presenting a visual stimulus affects identification of the auditory stimulus. First, activation of the visual representation extracted directly from the picture promotes identification of the denoted sound and suppresses the processing of sounds for which the visual stimulus did not denote the sound source. Second, effects based on processing of the conceptual information promote identification of the denoted sound and suppress the processing of sounds for which the visual stimulus did not denote the sound source. Third, processing of the concurrent visual representation suppresses false hearing. PMID:26973478

  10. Moment Tensor Analysis of Shallow Sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chiang, A.; Dreger, D. S.; Ford, S. R.; Walter, W. R.; Yoo, S. H.

    2015-12-01

    A potential issue for moment tensor inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some moment tensor components have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the moment tensor solution. The effects of the free-surface on the stability of the moment tensor method becomes important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full moment tensor inversion for source-type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand these free surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have shallow seismicity such as volcanoes and geothermal systems. In this study, we apply the moment tensor based discrimination method to the HUMMING ALBATROSS quarry blasts. These shallow chemical explosions at approximately 10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source-station geometry in terms of vanishing traction issues. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Recovering the correct yield using seismic moment estimates from moment tensor inversion remains challenging but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the NSS technique.

  11. Exploiting heterogeneous publicly available data sources for drug safety surveillance: computational framework and case studies.

    PubMed

    Koutkias, Vassilis G; Lillo-Le Louët, Agnès; Jaulent, Marie-Christine

    2017-02-01

    Driven by the need of pharmacovigilance centres and companies to routinely collect and review all available data about adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and adverse events of interest, we introduce and validate a computational framework exploiting dominant as well as emerging publicly available data sources for drug safety surveillance. Our approach relies on appropriate query formulation for data acquisition and subsequent filtering, transformation and joint visualization of the obtained data. We acquired data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), PubMed and Twitter. In order to assess the validity and the robustness of the approach, we elaborated on two important case studies, namely, clozapine-induced cardiomyopathy/myocarditis versus haloperidol-induced cardiomyopathy/myocarditis, and apixaban-induced cerebral hemorrhage. The analysis of the obtained data provided interesting insights (identification of potential patient and health-care professional experiences regarding ADRs in Twitter, information/arguments against an ADR existence across all sources), while illustrating the benefits (complementing data from multiple sources to strengthen/confirm evidence) and the underlying challenges (selecting search terms, data presentation) of exploiting heterogeneous information sources, thereby advocating the need for the proposed framework. This work contributes in establishing a continuous learning system for drug safety surveillance by exploiting heterogeneous publicly available data sources via appropriate support tools.

  12. Organic liquid scintillation detectors for on-the-fly neutron/gamma alarming and radionuclide identification in a pedestrian radiation portal monitor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Paff, Marc Gerrit; Ruch, Marc L.; Poitrasson-Riviere, Alexis; Sagadevan, Athena; Clarke, Shaun D.; Pozzi, Sara

    2015-07-01

    We present new experimental results from a radiation portal monitor based on the use of organic liquid scintillators. The system was tested as part of a 3He-free radiation portal monitor testing campaign at the European Commission's Joint Research Centre in Ispra, Italy, in February 2014. The radiation portal monitor was subjected to a wide range of test conditions described in ANSI N42.35, including a variety of gamma-ray sources and a 20,000 n/s 252Cf source. A false alarm test tested whether radiation portal monitors ever alarmed in the presence of only natural background. The University of Michigan Detection for Nuclear Nonproliferation Group's system triggered zero false alarms in 2739 trials. It consistently alarmed on a variety of gamma-ray sources travelling at 1.2 m/s at a 70 cm source to detector distance. The neutron source was detected at speeds up to 3 m/s and in configurations with up to 8 cm of high density polyethylene shielding. The success of on-the-fly radionuclide identification varied with the gamma-ray source measured as well as with which of two radionuclide identification methods was used. Both methods used a least squares comparison between the measured pulse height distributions to library spectra to pick the best match. The methods varied in how the pulse height distributions were modified prior to the least squares comparison. Correct identification rates were as high as 100% for highly enriched uranium, but as low as 50% for 241Am. Both radionuclide identification algorithms produced mixed results, but the concept of using liquid scintillation detectors for gamma-ray and neutron alarming in radiation portal monitor was validated.

  13. Clay mineralogy, strontium and neodymium isotope ratios in the sediments of two High Arctic catchments (Svalbard)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hindshaw, Ruth S.; Tosca, Nicholas J.; Piotrowski, Alexander M.; Tipper, Edward T.

    2018-03-01

    The identification of sediment sources to the ocean is a prerequisite to using marine sediment cores to extract information on past climate and ocean circulation. Sr and Nd isotopes are classical tools with which to trace source provenance. Despite considerable interest in the Arctic Ocean, the circum-Arctic source regions are poorly characterised in terms of their Sr and Nd isotopic compositions. In this study we present Sr and Nd isotope data from the Paleogene Central Basin sediments of Svalbard, including the first published data of stream suspended sediments from Svalbard. The stream suspended sediments exhibit considerable isotopic variation (ɛNd = -20.6 to -13.4; 87Sr / 86Sr = 0.73421 to 0.74704) which can be related to the depositional history of the sedimentary formations from which they are derived. In combination with analysis of the clay mineralogy of catchment rocks and sediments, we suggest that the Central Basin sedimentary rocks were derived from two sources. One source is Proterozoic sediments derived from Greenlandic basement rocks which are rich in illite and have high 87Sr / 86Sr and low ɛNd values. The second source is Carboniferous to Jurassic sediments derived from Siberian basalts which are rich in smectite and have low 87Sr / 86Sr and high ɛNd values. Due to a change in depositional conditions throughout the Paleogene (from deep sea to continental) the relative proportions of these two sources vary in the Central Basin formations. The modern stream suspended sediment isotopic composition is then controlled by modern processes, in particular glaciation, which determines the present-day exposure of the formations and therefore the relative contribution of each formation to the stream suspended sediment load. This study demonstrates that the Nd isotopic composition of stream suspended sediments exhibits seasonal variation, which likely mirrors longer-term hydrological changes, with implications for source provenance studies based on fixed end-members through time.

  14. 21 CFR 1250.25 - Source identification and inspection of food and drink.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Source identification and inspection of food and drink. 1250.25 Section 1250.25 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION INTERSTATE CONVEYANCE SANITATION Foo...

  15. Computational Acoustic Beamforming for Noise Source Identification for Small Wind Turbines

    PubMed Central

    Lien, Fue-Sang

    2017-01-01

    This paper develops a computational acoustic beamforming (CAB) methodology for identification of sources of small wind turbine noise. This methodology is validated using the case of the NACA 0012 airfoil trailing edge noise. For this validation case, the predicted acoustic maps were in excellent conformance with the results of the measurements obtained from the acoustic beamforming experiment. Following this validation study, the CAB methodology was applied to the identification of noise sources generated by a commercial small wind turbine. The simulated acoustic maps revealed that the blade tower interaction and the wind turbine nacelle were the two primary mechanisms for sound generation for this small wind turbine at frequencies between 100 and 630 Hz. PMID:28378012

  16. A Corticothalamic Circuit Model for Sound Identification in Complex Scenes

    PubMed Central

    Otazu, Gonzalo H.; Leibold, Christian

    2011-01-01

    The identification of the sound sources present in the environment is essential for the survival of many animals. However, these sounds are not presented in isolation, as natural scenes consist of a superposition of sounds originating from multiple sources. The identification of a source under these circumstances is a complex computational problem that is readily solved by most animals. We present a model of the thalamocortical circuit that performs level-invariant recognition of auditory objects in complex auditory scenes. The circuit identifies the objects present from a large dictionary of possible elements and operates reliably for real sound signals with multiple concurrently active sources. The key model assumption is that the activities of some cortical neurons encode the difference between the observed signal and an internal estimate. Reanalysis of awake auditory cortex recordings revealed neurons with patterns of activity corresponding to such an error signal. PMID:21931668

  17. Spectral Models of Neutron Star Magnetospheres

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Romani, Roger W.

    1997-01-01

    We revisit the association of unidentified Galactic plane EGRET sources with tracers of recent massive star formation and death. Up-to-date catalogs of OB associations, SNR's, young pulsars, H2 regions and young open clusters were used in finding counterparts for a recent list of EGRET sources. It has been argued for some time that EGRET source positions are correlated with SNR's and OB associations as a class; we extend such analyses by finding additional counterparts and assessing the probability of individual source identifications. Among the several scenarios relating EGRET sources to massive stars, we focus on young neutron stars as the origin of the gamma-ray emission. The characteristics of the candidate identifications are compared to the known gamma-ray pulsar sample and to detailed Galactic population syntheses using our outer gap pulsar model of gamma-ray emission. Both the spatial distribution and luminosity function of the candidates are in good agreement with the model predictions; we infer that young pulsars can account for the bulk of the excess low latitude EGRET sources. We show that with this identification, the gamma-ray point sources provide an important new window into the history of recent massive star death in the solar neighborhood.

  18. Sources of hydrocarbons in urban road dust: Identification, quantification and prediction.

    PubMed

    Mummullage, Sandya; Egodawatta, Prasanna; Ayoko, Godwin A; Goonetilleke, Ashantha

    2016-09-01

    Among urban stormwater pollutants, hydrocarbons are a significant environmental concern due to their toxicity and relatively stable chemical structure. This study focused on the identification of hydrocarbon contributing sources to urban road dust and approaches for the quantification of pollutant loads to enhance the design of source control measures. The study confirmed the validity of the use of mathematical techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) for source identification and principal component analysis/absolute principal component scores (PCA/APCS) receptor model for pollutant load quantification. Study outcomes identified non-combusted lubrication oils, non-combusted diesel fuels and tyre and asphalt wear as the three most critical urban hydrocarbon sources. The site specific variabilities of contributions from sources were replicated using three mathematical models. The models employed predictor variables of daily traffic volume (DTV), road surface texture depth (TD), slope of the road section (SLP), effective population (EPOP) and effective impervious fraction (EIF), which can be considered as the five governing parameters of pollutant generation, deposition and redistribution. Models were developed such that they can be applicable in determining hydrocarbon contributions from urban sites enabling effective design of source control measures. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Computer-assisted identification and volumetric quantification of dynamic contrast enhancement in brain MRI: an interactive system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Shandong; Avgeropoulos, Nicholas G.; Rippe, David J.

    2013-03-01

    We present a dedicated segmentation system for tumor identification and volumetric quantification in dynamic contrast brain magnetic resonance (MR) scans. Our goal is to offer a practically useful tool at the end of clinicians in order to boost volumetric tumor assessment. The system is designed to work in an interactive mode such that maximizes the integration of computing capacity and clinical intelligence. We demonstrate the main functions of the system in terms of its functional flow and conduct preliminary validation using a representative pilot dataset. The system is inexpensive, user-friendly, easy to deploy and integrate with picture archiving and communication systems (PACS), and possible to be open-source, which enable it to potentially serve as a useful assistant for radiologists and oncologists. It is anticipated that in the future the system can be integrated into clinical workflow so that become routine available to help clinicians make more objective interpretations of treatment interventions and natural history of disease to best advocate patient needs.

  20. Assessing sound exposure from shipping in coastal waters using a single hydrophone and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data.

    PubMed

    Merchant, Nathan D; Witt, Matthew J; Blondel, Philippe; Godley, Brendan J; Smith, George H

    2012-07-01

    Underwater noise from shipping is a growing presence throughout the world's oceans, and may be subjecting marine fauna to chronic noise exposure with potentially severe long-term consequences. The coincidence of dense shipping activity and sensitive marine ecosystems in coastal environments is of particular concern, and noise assessment methodologies which describe the high temporal variability of sound exposure in these areas are needed. We present a method of characterising sound exposure from shipping using continuous passive acoustic monitoring combined with Automatic Identification System (AIS) shipping data. The method is applied to data recorded in Falmouth Bay, UK. Absolute and relative levels of intermittent ship noise contributions to the 24-h sound exposure level are determined using an adaptive threshold, and the spatial distribution of potential ship sources is then analysed using AIS data. This technique can be used to prioritize shipping noise mitigation strategies in coastal marine environments. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Method of identification of patent trends based on descriptions of technical functions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korobkin, D. M.; Fomenkov, S. A.; Golovanchikov, A. B.

    2018-05-01

    The use of the global patent space to determine the scientific and technological priorities for the technical systems development (identifying patent trends) allows one to forecast the direction of the technical systems development and, accordingly, select patents of priority technical subjects as a source for updating the technical functions database and physical effects database. The authors propose an original method that uses as trend terms not individual unigrams or n-gram (usually for existing methods and systems), but structured descriptions of technical functions in the form “Subject-Action-Object” (SAO), which in the authors’ opinion are the basis of the invention.

  2. Approaches to advancescientific understanding of macrosystems ecology

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Levy, Ofir; Ball, Becky; Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin

    Macrosystem ecological studies inherently investigate processes that interact across multiple spatial and temporal scales, requiring intensive sampling and massive amounts of data from diverse sources to incorporate complex cross-scale and hierarchical interactions. Inherent challenges associated with these characteristics include high computational demands, data standardization and assimilation, identification of important processes and scales without prior knowledge, and the need for large, cross-disciplinary research teams that conduct long-term studies. Therefore, macrosystem ecology studies must utilize a unique set of approaches that are capable of encompassing these methodological characteristics and associated challenges. Several case studies demonstrate innovative methods used in current macrosystem ecologymore » studies.« less

  3. Theobroma cacao: Review of the Extraction, Isolation, and Bioassay of Its Potential Anti-cancer Compounds

    PubMed Central

    Baharum, Zainal; Akim, Abdah Md; Hin, Taufiq Yap Yun; Hamid, Roslida Abdul; Kasran, Rosmin

    2016-01-01

    Plants have been a good source of therapeutic agents for thousands of years; an impressive number of modern drugs used for treating human diseases are derived from natural sources. The Theobroma cacao tree, or cocoa, has recently garnered increasing attention and become the subject of research due to its antioxidant properties, which are related to potential anti-cancer effects. In the past few years, identifying and developing active compounds or extracts from the cocoa bean that might exert anti-cancer effects have become an important area of health- and biomedicine-related research. This review provides an updated overview of T. cacao in terms of its potential anti-cancer compounds and their extraction, in vitro bioassay, purification, and identification. This article also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques described and reviews the processes for future perspectives of analytical methods from the viewpoint of anti-cancer compound discovery. PMID:27019680

  4. The Third EGRET Catalog of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hartman, R. C.; Bertsch, D. L.; Bloom, S. D.; Chen, A. W.; Deines-Jones, P.; Esposito, J. A.; Fichtel, C. E.; Friedlander, D. P.; Hunter, S. D.; McDonald, L. M.; hide

    1998-01-01

    The third catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the EGRET telescope on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory includes data from 1991 April 22 to 1995 October 3 (Cycles 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the mission). In addition to including more data than the second EGRET catalog (Thompson et al. 1995) and its supplement (Thompson et al. 1996), this catalog uses completely reprocessed data (to correct a number of mostly minimal errors and problems). The 271 sources (E greater than 100 MeV) in the catalog include the single 1991 solar flare bright enough to be detected as a source, the Large Magellanic Cloud, five pulsars, one probable radio galaxy detection (Cen A), and 66 high-confidence identifications of blazars (BL Lac objects, flat-spectrum radio quasars, or unidentified flat-spectrum radio sources). In addition, 27 lower-confidence potential blazar identifications are noted. Finally, the catalog contains 170 sources not yet identified firmly with known objects, although potential identifications have been suggested for a number of those. A figure is presented that gives approximate upper limits for gamma-ray sources at any point in the sky, as well as information about sources listed in the second catalog and its supplement which do not appear in this catalog.

  5. Efficient and effective pruning strategies for health data de-identification.

    PubMed

    Prasser, Fabian; Kohlmayer, Florian; Kuhn, Klaus A

    2016-04-30

    Privacy must be protected when sensitive biomedical data is shared, e.g. for research purposes. Data de-identification is an important safeguard, where datasets are transformed to meet two conflicting objectives: minimizing re-identification risks while maximizing data quality. Typically, de-identification methods search a solution space of possible data transformations to find a good solution to a given de-identification problem. In this process, parts of the search space must be excluded to maintain scalability. The set of transformations which are solution candidates is typically narrowed down by storing the results obtained during the search process and then using them to predict properties of the output of other transformations in terms of privacy (first objective) and data quality (second objective). However, due to the exponential growth of the size of the search space, previous implementations of this method are not well-suited when datasets contain many attributes which need to be protected. As this is often the case with biomedical research data, e.g. as a result of longitudinal collection, we have developed a novel method. Our approach combines the mathematical concept of antichains with a data structure inspired by prefix trees to represent properties of a large number of data transformations while requiring only a minimal amount of information to be stored. To analyze the improvements which can be achieved by adopting our method, we have integrated it into an existing algorithm and we have also implemented a simple best-first branch and bound search (BFS) algorithm as a first step towards methods which fully exploit our approach. We have evaluated these implementations with several real-world datasets and the k-anonymity privacy model. When integrated into existing de-identification algorithms for low-dimensional data, our approach reduced memory requirements by up to one order of magnitude and execution times by up to 25 %. This allowed us to increase the size of solution spaces which could be processed by almost a factor of 10. When using the simple BFS method, we were able to further increase the size of the solution space by a factor of three. When used as a heuristic strategy for high-dimensional data, the BFS approach outperformed a state-of-the-art algorithm by up to 12 % in terms of the quality of output data. This work shows that implementing methods of data de-identification for real-world applications is a challenging task. Our approach solves a problem often faced by data custodians: a lack of scalability of de-identification software when used with datasets having realistic schemas and volumes. The method described in this article has been implemented into ARX, an open source de-identification software for biomedical data.

  6. Use of composite data sets for source-tracking enterococci in the water column and shoreline interstitial waters on Pensacola Beach, Florida.

    PubMed

    Genthner, Fred J; James, Joseph B; Yates, Diane F; Friedman, Stephanie D

    2005-07-01

    Sources of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from Pensacola Beach, FL. were identified using a library-based approach by applying the statistical method of average similarity to single and composite data sets generated from separate analyses. Data sets included antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA), rep-fingerprints, and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles. Use of a composite data set composed of ARA and rep-fingerprints, added to the confidence of the identifications. The addition of FAME data to composite data sets did not add to the confidence of identifications. Source identification was performed to better understand risk associated with higher densities of enterococci found in swash zone interstitial water (SZIW) as compared to adjacent bathing water on Pensacola Beach, FL. The "swash zone" is that area of the beach continually washed over by waves. As the potential sources of enterococci were limited in this environment, only two library units, sea gull and human, were constructed. Identification of the beach isolates using a composite data set indicated a sea gull origin. The clonality of the beach isolates suggested that the beach environment selects certain subspecies of E. faecalis.

  7. A Systematic Review of Techniques and Sources of Big Data in the Healthcare Sector.

    PubMed

    Alonso, Susel Góngora; de la Torre Díez, Isabel; Rodrigues, Joel J P C; Hamrioui, Sofiane; López-Coronado, Miguel

    2017-10-14

    The main objective of this paper is to present a review of existing researches in the literature, referring to Big Data sources and techniques in health sector and to identify which of these techniques are the most used in the prediction of chronic diseases. Academic databases and systems such as IEEE Xplore, Scopus, PubMed and Science Direct were searched, considering the date of publication from 2006 until the present time. Several search criteria were established as 'techniques' OR 'sources' AND 'Big Data' AND 'medicine' OR 'health', 'techniques' AND 'Big Data' AND 'chronic diseases', etc. Selecting the paper considered of interest regarding the description of the techniques and sources of Big Data in healthcare. It found a total of 110 articles on techniques and sources of Big Data on health from which only 32 have been identified as relevant work. Many of the articles show the platforms of Big Data, sources, databases used and identify the techniques most used in the prediction of chronic diseases. From the review of the analyzed research articles, it can be noticed that the sources and techniques of Big Data used in the health sector represent a relevant factor in terms of effectiveness, since it allows the application of predictive analysis techniques in tasks such as: identification of patients at risk of reentry or prevention of hospital or chronic diseases infections, obtaining predictive models of quality.

  8. Characterizing open and non-uniform vertical heat sources: towards the identification of real vertical cracks in vibrothermography experiments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Castelo, A.; Mendioroz, A.; Celorrio, R.; Salazar, A.; López de Uralde, P.; Gorosmendi, I.; Gorostegui-Colinas, E.

    2017-05-01

    Lock-in vibrothermography is used to characterize vertical kissing and open cracks in metals. In this technique the crack heats up during ultrasound excitation due mainly to friction between the defect's faces. We have solved the inverse problem, consisting in determining the heat source distribution produced at cracks under amplitude modulated ultrasound excitation, which is an ill-posed inverse problem. As a consequence the minimization of the residual is unstable. We have stabilized the algorithm introducing a penalty term based on Total Variation functional. In the inversion, we combine amplitude and phase surface temperature data obtained at several modulation frequencies. Inversions of synthetic data with added noise indicate that compact heat sources are characterized accurately and that the particular upper contours can be retrieved for shallow heat sources. The overall shape of open and homogeneous semicircular strip-shaped heat sources representing open half-penny cracks can also be retrieved but the reconstruction of the deeper end of the heat source loses contrast. Angle-, radius- and depth-dependent inhomogeneous heat flux distributions within these semicircular strips can also be qualitatively characterized. Reconstructions of experimental data taken on samples containing calibrated heat sources confirm the predictions from reconstructions of synthetic data. We also present inversions of experimental data obtained from a real welded Inconel 718 specimen. The results are in good qualitative agreement with the results of liquids penetrants testing.

  9. Assessment of Technologies for the Space Shuttle External Tank Thermal Protection System and Recommendations for Technology Improvement - Part III: Material Property Characterization, Analysis, and Test Methods

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gates, Thomas S.; Johnson, Theodore F.; Whitley, Karen S.

    2005-01-01

    The objective of this report is to contribute to the independent assessment of the Space Shuttle External Tank Foam Material. This report specifically addresses material modeling, characterization testing, data reduction methods, and data pedigree. A brief description of the External Tank foam materials, locations, and standard failure modes is provided to develop suitable background information. A review of mechanics based analysis methods from the open literature is used to provide an assessment of the state-of-the-art in material modeling of closed cell foams. Further, this report assesses the existing material property database and investigates sources of material property variability. The report presents identified deficiencies in testing methods and procedures, recommendations for additional testing as required, identification of near-term improvements that should be pursued, and long-term capabilities or enhancements that should be developed.

  10. Source identification of individual soot agglomerates in Arctic air by transmission electron microscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Weinbruch, S.; Benker, N.; Kandler, K.; Schütze, K.; Kling, K.; Berlinger, B.; Thomassen, Y.; Drotikova, T.; Kallenborn, R.

    2018-01-01

    Individual soot agglomerates collected at four different locations on the Arctic archipelago Svalbard (Norway) were characterised by transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. For source identification of the ambient soot agglomerates, samples from different local sources (coal burning power plants in Longyearbyen and Barentsburg, diesel and oil burning for power generation in Sveagruva and Ny Ålesund, cruise ship) as well as from other sources which may contribute to Arctic soot concentrations (biomass burning, aircraft emissions, diesel engines) were investigated. Diameter and graphene sheet separation distance of soot primary particles were found to be highly variable within each source and are not suited for source identification. In contrast, concentrations of the minor elements Si, P, K, Ca and Fe showed significant differences which can be used for source attribution. The presence/absence of externally mixed particle groups (fly ashes, tar balls, mercury particles) gives additional hints about the soot sources. Biomass/wood burning, ship emissions and coal burning in Barentsburg can be excluded as major source for ambient soot at Svalbard. The coal power plant in Longyearbyen is most likely a major source of soot in the settlement of Longyearbyen but does not contribute significantly to soot collected at the Global Atmosphere Watch station Zeppelin Mountain near Ny Ålesund. The most probable soot sources at Svalbard are aircraft emissions and diesel exhaust as well as long range transport of coal burning emissions.

  11. First experiences in the implementation of biometric technology to link data from Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems with health facility data.

    PubMed

    Serwaa-Bonsu, Adwoa; Herbst, Abraham J; Reniers, Georges; Ijaa, Wilfred; Clark, Benjamin; Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa; Sankoh, Osman

    2010-02-24

    In developing countries, Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) provide a framework for tracking demographic and health dynamics over time in a defined geographical area. Many HDSSs co-exist with facility-based data sources in the form of Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). Integrating both data sources through reliable record linkage could provide both numerator and denominator populations to estimate disease prevalence and incidence rates in the population and enable determination of accurate health service coverage. To measure the acceptability and performance of fingerprint biometrics to identify individuals in demographic surveillance populations and those attending health care facilities serving the surveillance populations. Two HDSS sites used fingerprint biometrics for patient and/or surveillance population participant identification. The proportion of individuals for whom a fingerprint could be successfully enrolled were characterised in terms of age and sex. Adult (18-65 years) fingerprint enrolment rates varied between 94.1% (95% CI 93.6-94.5) for facility-based fingerprint data collection at the Africa Centre site to 96.7% (95% CI 95.9-97.6) for population-based fingerprint data collection at the Agincourt site. Fingerprint enrolment rates in children under 1 year old (Africa Centre site) were only 55.1% (95% CI 52.7-57.4). By age 5, child fingerprint enrolment rates were comparable to those of adults. This work demonstrates the feasibility of fingerprint-based individual identification for population-based research in developing countries. Record linkage between demographic surveillance population databases and health care facility data based on biometric identification systems would allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of population health, including the ability to study health service utilisation from a population perspective, rather than the more restrictive health service perspective.

  12. Identification and properties of host galaxies of RCR radio sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhelenkova, O. P.; Soboleva, N. S.; Majorova, E. K.; Temirova, A. V.

    2013-01-01

    FIRST and NVSS radio maps are used to cross identify the radio sources of the RCR catalog, which is based on observational data obtained in several runs of the "Cold" survey, with the SDSS and DPOSS digital optical sky surveys and the 2MASS, LAS UKIDSS, and WISE infrared surveys. Digital images in various filters and the coadded gri-band SDSS images, red and infrared DPOSS images, JHK-band UKIDSS images, and JHK-band 2MASS images are analyzed for the sources with no optical candidates found in the above catalogs. Our choice of optical candidates was based on the data on the structure of the radio source, its photometry, and spectroscopy (where available). We found reliable identifications for 86% of the radio sources; possible counterparts for 8% of the sources, and failed to find any optical counterparts for 6% of the sources because their host objects proved to be fainter than the limiting magnitude of the corresponding surveys. A little over half of all the identifications proved to be galaxies; about one quarter were quasars, and the types of the remaining objects were difficult to determine because of their faintness. A relation between the luminosity and the radioloudness index was derived and used to estimate the 1.4 and 3.94 GHz luminosities for the sources with unknown redshifts. We found 3% and 60% of all the RCR radio sources to be FRI-type objects ( L ≲ 1024 W/Hz at 1.4 GHz) and powerful FRII-type galaxies ( L ≳ 1026.5 W/Hz), respectively, whereas the rest are sources including objects of the FRI, FRII, and mixed FRI-FRII types. Unlike quasars, galaxies show a trend of decreasing luminosity with decreasing flux density. Note that identification would be quite problematic without the software and resources of the virtual observatory.

  13. A first near real-time seismology-based landquake monitoring system.

    PubMed

    Chao, Wei-An; Wu, Yih-Min; Zhao, Li; Chen, Hongey; Chen, Yue-Gau; Chang, Jui-Ming; Lin, Che-Min

    2017-03-02

    Hazards from gravity-driven instabilities on hillslope (termed 'landquake' in this study) are an important problem facing us today. Rapid detection of landquake events is crucial for hazard mitigation and emergency response. Based on the real-time broadband data in Taiwan, we have developed a near real-time landquake monitoring system, which is a fully automatic process based on waveform inversion that yields source information (e.g., location and mechanism) and identifies the landquake source by examining waveform fitness for different types of source mechanisms. This system has been successfully tested offline using seismic records during the passage of the 2009 Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan and has been in online operation during the typhoon season in 2015. In practice, certain levels of station coverage (station gap < 180°), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR ≥ 5.0), and a threshold of event size (volume >10 6  m 3 and area > 0.20 km 2 ) are required to ensure good performance (fitness > 0.6 for successful source identification) of the system, which can be readily implemented in other places in the world with real-time seismic networks and high landquake activities.

  14. A first near real-time seismology-based landquake monitoring system

    PubMed Central

    Chao, Wei-An; Wu, Yih-Min; Zhao, Li; Chen, Hongey; Chen, Yue-Gau; Chang, Jui-Ming; Lin, Che-Min

    2017-01-01

    Hazards from gravity-driven instabilities on hillslope (termed ‘landquake’ in this study) are an important problem facing us today. Rapid detection of landquake events is crucial for hazard mitigation and emergency response. Based on the real-time broadband data in Taiwan, we have developed a near real-time landquake monitoring system, which is a fully automatic process based on waveform inversion that yields source information (e.g., location and mechanism) and identifies the landquake source by examining waveform fitness for different types of source mechanisms. This system has been successfully tested offline using seismic records during the passage of the 2009 Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan and has been in online operation during the typhoon season in 2015. In practice, certain levels of station coverage (station gap < 180°), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR ≥ 5.0), and a threshold of event size (volume >106 m3 and area > 0.20 km2) are required to ensure good performance (fitness > 0.6 for successful source identification) of the system, which can be readily implemented in other places in the world with real-time seismic networks and high landquake activities. PMID:28252039

  15. An almost-parameter-free harmony search algorithm for groundwater pollution source identification.

    PubMed

    Jiang, Simin; Zhang, Yali; Wang, Pei; Zheng, Maohui

    2013-01-01

    The spatiotemporal characterization of unknown sources of groundwater pollution is frequently encountered in environmental problems. This study adopts a simulation-optimization approach that combines a contaminant transport simulation model with a heuristic harmony search algorithm to identify unknown pollution sources. In the proposed methodology, an almost-parameter-free harmony search algorithm is developed. The performance of this methodology is evaluated on an illustrative groundwater pollution source identification problem, and the identified results indicate that the proposed almost-parameter-free harmony search algorithm-based optimization model can give satisfactory estimations, even when the irregular geometry, erroneous monitoring data, and prior information shortage of potential locations are considered.

  16. A portable neutron spectroscope (NSPECT) for detection, imaging and identification of nuclear material

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ryan, James M.; Bancroft, Christopher; Bloser, Peter; Bravar, Ulisse; Fourguette, Dominique; Frost, Colin; Larocque, Liane; McConnell, Mark L.; Legere, Jason; Pavlich, Jane; Ritter, Greg; Wassick, Greg; Wood, Joshua; Woolf, Richard

    2010-08-01

    We have developed, fabricated and tested a prototype imaging neutron spectrometer designed for real-time neutron source location and identification. Real-time detection and identification is important for locating materials. These materials, specifically uranium and transuranics, emit neutrons via spontaneous or induced fission. Unlike other forms of radiation (e.g. gamma rays), penetrating neutron emission is very uncommon. The instrument detects these neutrons, constructs images of the emission pattern, and reports the neutron spectrum. The device will be useful for security and proliferation deterrence, as well as for nuclear waste characterization and monitoring. The instrument is optimized for imaging and spectroscopy in the 1-20 MeV range. The detection principle is based upon multiple elastic neutron-proton scatters in organic scintillator. Two detector panel layers are utilized. By measuring the recoil proton and scattered neutron locations and energies, the direction and energy spectrum of the incident neutrons can be determined and discrete and extended sources identified. Event reconstruction yields an image of the source and its location. The hardware is low power, low mass, and rugged. Its modular design allows the user to combine multiple units for increased sensitivity. We will report the results of laboratory testing of the instrument, including exposure to a calibrated Cf-252 source. Instrument parameters include energy and angular resolution, gamma rejection, minimum source identification distances and times, and projected effective area for a fully populated instrument.

  17. An Interactive Multimedia Dichotomous Key for Teaching Plant Identification

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jacquemart, Anne-Laure; Lhoir, Pierre; Binard, Fabian; Descamps, Charlotte

    2016-01-01

    Teaching plant identification includes demonstrating how to use dichotomous keys; this requires knowledge of numerous botanical terms and can be challenging, confusing and frustrating for students. Here, we developed a multimedia tool to help students (1) learn botanical terms, (2) practice, train and test their knowledge of plant identification…

  18. A linked simulation-optimization model for solving the unknown groundwater pollution source identification problems.

    PubMed

    Ayvaz, M Tamer

    2010-09-20

    This study proposes a linked simulation-optimization model for solving the unknown groundwater pollution source identification problems. In the proposed model, MODFLOW and MT3DMS packages are used to simulate the flow and transport processes in the groundwater system. These models are then integrated with an optimization model which is based on the heuristic harmony search (HS) algorithm. In the proposed simulation-optimization model, the locations and release histories of the pollution sources are treated as the explicit decision variables and determined through the optimization model. Also, an implicit solution procedure is proposed to determine the optimum number of pollution sources which is an advantage of this model. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on two hypothetical examples for simple and complex aquifer geometries, measurement error conditions, and different HS solution parameter sets. Identified results indicated that the proposed simulation-optimization model is an effective way and may be used to solve the inverse pollution source identification problems. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  19. Global Inter-Laboratory Fecal Source Identification Methods Comparison Study

    EPA Science Inventory

    Source tracking is key to identifying sources of fecal contamination for remediation as well as risk assessment. Previous intra- and inter-lab studies have investigated the performance of human and cow-associated source tracking markers, as well as library-dependent fecal source ...

  20. 40 CFR 62.6362 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Missouri Mercury...) Identification of plan. Section 111(d) plan and associated State regulation 10 CSR 10-6.368, Control of Mercury..., 2007. (b) Identification of sources. The plan applies to all new and existing mercury budget units...

  1. 40 CFR 62.6362 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Missouri Mercury...) Identification of plan. Section 111(d) plan and associated State regulation 10 CSR 10-6.368, Control of Mercury..., 2007. (b) Identification of sources. The plan applies to all new and existing mercury budget units...

  2. 40 CFR 62.6362 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Missouri Mercury...) Identification of plan. Section 111(d) plan and associated State regulation 10 CSR 10-6.368, Control of Mercury..., 2007. (b) Identification of sources. The plan applies to all new and existing mercury budget units...

  3. 40 CFR 62.6362 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Missouri Mercury...) Identification of plan. Section 111(d) plan and associated State regulation 10 CSR 10-6.368, Control of Mercury..., 2007. (b) Identification of sources. The plan applies to all new and existing mercury budget units...

  4. 40 CFR 62.6362 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Missouri Mercury...) Identification of plan. Section 111(d) plan and associated State regulation 10 CSR 10-6.368, Control of Mercury..., 2007. (b) Identification of sources. The plan applies to all new and existing mercury budget units...

  5. 40 CFR 62.3300 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3300 Identification of plan. (a... Sulfuric Acid Plants.” (b) The plan was officially submitted on August 10, 1978. (c) Identification of sources: The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Beker Industries in LaSalle...

  6. 40 CFR 62.3300 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3300 Identification of plan. (a... Sulfuric Acid Plants.” (b) The plan was officially submitted on August 10, 1978. (c) Identification of sources: The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Beker Industries in LaSalle...

  7. 40 CFR 62.3300 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3300 Identification of plan. (a... Sulfuric Acid Plants.” (b) The plan was officially submitted on August 10, 1978. (c) Identification of sources: The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Beker Industries in LaSalle...

  8. 40 CFR 62.3300 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3300 Identification of plan. (a... Sulfuric Acid Plants.” (b) The plan was officially submitted on August 10, 1978. (c) Identification of sources: The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Beker Industries in LaSalle...

  9. 40 CFR 62.3300 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Plants § 62.3300 Identification of plan. (a... Sulfuric Acid Plants.” (b) The plan was officially submitted on August 10, 1978. (c) Identification of sources: The plan includes the following sulfuric acid production plants: (1) Beker Industries in LaSalle...

  10. 40 CFR 62.11610 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Reduced Sulfur Emissions from Existing Kraft Pulp Mills § 62.11610 Identification of plan. (a) Title of... Department of Virginia Department of Air Pollution Control, on May 15, 1990. (c) Identification of sources... process (added), Straight kraft recovery furnace (revised), Total reduced sulfur (revised)), 5-40-1690, 5...

  11. Limitations of the isotopic composition of nitrates as a tracer of their origin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kloppmann, Wolfram; Mayer, Bernhard; Otero, Neus; Sebilo, Mathieu; Gooddy, Daren; Lapworth, Dan; Surridge, Ben; Petelet Giraud, Emmanuelle; Flehoc, Christine; Baran, Nicole

    2017-04-01

    Nitrogen and oxygen isotopes are traditionally considered and frequently used as tracers of nitrate sources in watersheds used for drinking water production. The enrichment of synthetic nitrate-containing fertilizers in 18O due to the contribution of atmospheric oxygen in the production process confers a specific isotopic fingerprint to mineral fertilizers. In spite of the still widespread use on nitrate-containing synthetic fertilizers, their characteristic N and O isotope signatures are rarely unambiguously observed in nitrate-contaminated groundwater. We postulate, in line with Mengis et al. (2001), that fertilizer-derived nitrate is not directly and rapidly transferred to groundwater but rather retained in the soil-plant system as organic N and then mineralized and re-oxidized (termed the mineralization-immobilization turnover, MIT) thereby re-setting the oxygen isotope composition of nitrate and also changing its N isotope ratios. We show examples from watersheds on diverse alluvial/clastic and carbonate aquifers in eastern and northern France where, in spite of the use of mineral fertilizers, evidenced also through other isotopic tracers (boron isotopes), both N and O-isotope ratios are very homogeneous and compatible with nitrification of ammonium where 2/3 of oxygen is derived from soil water and 1/3 from atmospheric O2. These field data are corroborated by lysimeter data from Canada. Even if in areas where ammonium is derived from chemical fertilizers, N values still tend to be lower than in areas where ammonium is derived from manure/sewage, this is clearly a limitation to the dual isotope method (N, O) for nitrate source identification, but has important implications for the nitrogen mobility and residence time in soils amended with synthetic fertilizers (Sebilo et al., 2013). Mengis M., Walther U., Bernasconi S. M., Wehrli B. (2001) Limitations of Using δ18O for the Source Identification of Nitrate in Agricultural Soils. Environmental Science & Technology, 35, 1840-1844. Sebilo M., Mayer B., Nicolardot B., Pinay G., Mariotti A. (2013) Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, 18185-18189.

  12. Source identification of uranium-containing materials at mine legacy sites in Portugal.

    PubMed

    Keatley, A C; Martin, P G; Hallam, K R; Payton, O D; Awbery, R; Carvalho, F P; Oliveira, J M; Silva, L; Malta, M; Scott, T B

    2018-03-01

    Whilst prior nuclear forensic studies have focused on identifying signatures to distinguish between different uranium deposit types, this paper focuses on providing a scientific basis for source identification of materials from different uranium mine sites within a single region, which can then be potentially used within nuclear forensics. A number of different tools, including gamma spectrometry, alpha spectrometry, mineralogy and major and minor elemental analysis, have been utilised to determine the provenance of uranium mineral samples collected at eight mine sites, located within three different uranium provinces, in Portugal. A radiation survey was initially conducted by foot and/or unmanned aerial vehicle at each site to assist sample collection. The results from each mine site were then compared to determine if individual mine sites could be distinguished based on characteristic elemental and isotopic signatures. Gamma and alpha spectrometry were used to differentiate between samples from different sites and also give an indication of past milling and mining activities. Ore samples from the different mine sites were found to be very similar in terms of gangue and uranium mineralogy. However, rarer minerals or specific impurity elements, such as calcium and copper, did permit some separation of the sites examined. In addition, classification rates using linear discriminant analysis were comparable to those in the literature. Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Inverse modeling of rainfall infiltration with a dual permeability approach using different matrix-fracture coupling variants.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Blöcher, Johanna; Kuraz, Michal

    2017-04-01

    In this contribution we propose implementations of the dual permeability model with different inter-domain exchange descriptions and metaheuristic optimization algorithms for parameter identification and mesh optimization. We compare variants of the coupling term with different numbers of parameters to test if a reduction of parameters is feasible. This can reduce parameter uncertainty in inverse modeling, but also allow for different conceptual models of the domain and matrix coupling. The different variants of the dual permeability model are implemented in the open-source objective library DRUtES written in FORTRAN 2003/2008 in 1D and 2D. For parameter identification we use adaptations of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO), which are population-based metaheuristics with different learning strategies. These are high-level stochastic-based search algorithms that don't require gradient information or a convex search space. Despite increasing computing power and parallel processing, an overly fine mesh is not feasible for parameter identification. This creates the need to find a mesh that optimizes both accuracy and simulation time. We use a bi-objective PSO algorithm to generate a Pareto front of optimal meshes to account for both objectives. The dual permeability model and the optimization algorithms were tested on virtual data and field TDR sensor readings. The TDR sensor readings showed a very steep increase during rapid rainfall events and a subsequent steep decrease. This was theorized to be an effect of artificial macroporous envelopes surrounding TDR sensors creating an anomalous region with distinct local soil hydraulic properties. One of our objectives is to test how well the dual permeability model can describe this infiltration behavior and what coupling term would be most suitable.

  14. Mark-resight abundance estimation under incomplete identification of marked individuals

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McClintock, Brett T.; Hill, Jason M.; Fritz, Lowell; Chumbley, Kathryn; Luxa, Katie; Diefenbach, Duane R.

    2014-01-01

    Often less expensive and less invasive than conventional mark–recapture, so-called 'mark-resight' methods are popular in the estimation of population abundance. These methods are most often applied when a subset of the population of interest is marked (naturally or artificially), and non-invasive sighting data can be simultaneously collected for both marked and unmarked individuals. However, it can often be difficult to identify marked individuals with certainty during resighting surveys, and incomplete identification of marked individuals is potentially a major source of bias in mark-resight abundance estimators. Previously proposed solutions are ad hoc and will tend to underperform unless marked individual identification rates are relatively high (>90%) or individual sighting heterogeneity is negligible.Based on a complete data likelihood, we present an approach that properly accounts for uncertainty in marked individual detection histories when incomplete identifications occur. The models allow for individual heterogeneity in detection, sampling with (e.g. Poisson) or without (e.g. Bernoulli) replacement, and an unknown number of marked individuals. Using a custom Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to facilitate Bayesian inference, we demonstrate these models using two example data sets and investigate their properties via simulation experiments.We estimate abundance for grassland sparrow populations in Pennsylvania, USA when sampling was conducted with replacement and the number of marked individuals was either known or unknown. To increase marked individual identification probabilities, extensive territory mapping was used to assign incomplete identifications to individuals based on location. Despite marked individual identification probabilities as low as 67% in the absence of this territorial mapping procedure, we generally found little return (or need) for this time-consuming investment when using our proposed approach. We also estimate rookery abundance from Alaskan Steller sea lion counts when sampling was conducted without replacement, the number of marked individuals was unknown, and individual heterogeneity was suspected as non-negligible.In terms of estimator performance, our simulation experiments and examples demonstrated advantages of our proposed approach over previous methods, particularly when marked individual identification probabilities are low and individual heterogeneity levels are high. Our methodology can also reduce field effort requirements for marked individual identification, thus, allowing potential investment into additional marking events or resighting surveys.

  15. 40 CFR 62.8104 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS New York Landfill Gas Emissions from Existing Municipal Solid Waste Landfills § 62.8104 Identification of plan. (a) The New York... Municipal Solid Waste Landfills” on October 8, 1998. (b) Identification of sources: The plan applies to all...

  16. 40 CFR 62.8102 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8102 Identification of plan. (a) [Reserved] (b... Plants” of Title 6 of the New York Code of Rules and Regulations effective May 10, 1984. (2) Supplemental information submitted on March 29, 1985. (c) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following plants...

  17. 40 CFR 62.8102 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8102 Identification of plan. (a) [Reserved] (b... Plants” of Title 6 of the New York Code of Rules and Regulations effective May 10, 1984. (2) Supplemental information submitted on March 29, 1985. (c) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following plants...

  18. 40 CFR 62.8102 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8102 Identification of plan. (a) [Reserved] (b... Plants” of Title 6 of the New York Code of Rules and Regulations effective May 10, 1984. (2) Supplemental information submitted on March 29, 1985. (c) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following plants...

  19. 40 CFR 62.8102 - Identification of plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Plants § 62.8102 Identification of plan. (a) [Reserved] (b... Plants” of Title 6 of the New York Code of Rules and Regulations effective May 10, 1984. (2) Supplemental information submitted on March 29, 1985. (c) Identification of sources. The plan includes the following plants...

  20. Gene and protein nomenclature in public databases

    PubMed Central

    Fundel, Katrin; Zimmer, Ralf

    2006-01-01

    Background Frequently, several alternative names are in use for biological objects such as genes and proteins. Applications like manual literature search, automated text-mining, named entity identification, gene/protein annotation, and linking of knowledge from different information sources require the knowledge of all used names referring to a given gene or protein. Various organism-specific or general public databases aim at organizing knowledge about genes and proteins. These databases can be used for deriving gene and protein name dictionaries. So far, little is known about the differences between databases in terms of size, ambiguities and overlap. Results We compiled five gene and protein name dictionaries for each of the five model organisms (yeast, fly, mouse, rat, and human) from different organism-specific and general public databases. We analyzed the degree of ambiguity of gene and protein names within and between dictionaries, to a lexicon of common English words and domain-related non-gene terms, and we compared different data sources in terms of size of extracted dictionaries and overlap of synonyms between those. The study shows that the number of genes/proteins and synonyms covered in individual databases varies significantly for a given organism, and that the degree of ambiguity of synonyms varies significantly between different organisms. Furthermore, it shows that, despite considerable efforts of co-curation, the overlap of synonyms in different data sources is rather moderate and that the degree of ambiguity of gene names with common English words and domain-related non-gene terms varies depending on the considered organism. Conclusion In conclusion, these results indicate that the combination of data contained in different databases allows the generation of gene and protein name dictionaries that contain significantly more used names than dictionaries obtained from individual data sources. Furthermore, curation of combined dictionaries considerably increases size and decreases ambiguity. The entries of the curated synonym dictionary are available for manual querying, editing, and PubMed- or Google-search via the ProThesaurus-wiki. For automated querying via custom software, we offer a web service and an exemplary client application. PMID:16899134

  1. Identification of active atrial fibrillation sources and their discrimination from passive rotors using electrographical flow mapping.

    PubMed

    Bellmann, Barbara; Lin, Tina; Ruppersberg, Peter; Zettwitz, Marit; Guttmann, Selma; Tscholl, Verena; Nagel, Patrick; Roser, Mattias; Landmesser, Ulf; Rillig, Andreas

    2018-05-09

    The optimal ablation approach for the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is still under debate; however, the identification and elimination of AF sources is thought to play a key role. Currently available technologies for the identification of AF sources are not able to differentiate between active rotors or focal impulse (FI) and passive circular turbulences as generated by the interaction of a wave front with a functional obstacle such as fibrotic tissue. This study introduces electrographic flow (EGF) mapping as a novel technology for the identification and characterization of AF sources in humans. Twenty-five patients with AF (persistent: n = 24, long-standing persistent: n = 1; mean age 70.0 ± 8.3 years, male: n = 17) were included in this prospective study. Focal impulse and Rotor-Mapping (FIRM) was performed in addition to pulmonary vein isolation using radiofrequency in conjunction with a 3D-mapping-system. One-minute epochs were exported from the EP-recording-system and re-analyzed using EGF mapping after the procedure. 44 potential AF sources (43 rotors and one FI) were identified with FIRM and 39 of these rotors were targeted for ablation. EGF mapping verified 40 of these patterns and identified 24/40 (60%) as active sources while 16/40 (40%) were classified as passive circular turbulences. Four rotors were not identified by EGF mapping. EGF is the first method to identify active AF sources during AF ablation procedures in humans and discriminate them from passive rotational phenomena, which occur if the excitation wavefront passes conduction bariers. EGF mapping may allow improved guidance of AF ablation procedures.

  2. The Weak Fe Fluorescence Line and Long-Term X-Ray Evolution of the Compton-Thick Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC7674

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ghandi, P.; Annuar, A.; Lansbury, G. B.; Stern, D.; Alexander, D. M.; Bauer, F. E.; Bianchi, S.; Boggs, S. E.; Boorman, P. G.; Brandt, W. N.; hide

    2017-01-01

    We present NuSTAR X-ray observations of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) in NGC7674.The source shows a flat X-ray spectrum, suggesting that it is obscured by Compton-thick gas columns. Based upon long-term flux dimming, previous work suggested the alternate possibility that the source is a recently switched-off AGN with the observed X-rays being the lagged echo from the torus. Our high-quality data show the source to be reflection-dominated in hard X-rays, but with a relatively weak neutral Fe K(alpha) emission line (equivalent width [EW] of approximately 0.4 keV) and a strong Fe XXVI ionized line (EW approximately 0.2 keV).We construct an updated long-term X-ray light curve of NGC7674 and find that the observed 2-10 keV flux has remained constant for the past approximately 20 yr, following a high-flux state probed by Ginga. Light travel time arguments constrain the minimum radius of the reflector to be approximately 3.2 pc under the switched-off AGN scenario, approximately 30 times larger than the expected dust sublimation radius, rendering this possibility unlikely. A patchy Compton-thick AGN (CTAGN) solution is plausible, requiring a minimum line-of-sight column density (N(sub H)) of 3 x 10(exp 24) cm(exp -2) at present, and yields an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of (3-5) x 10(exp 43) erg s(exp -1). Realistic uncertainties span the range of approximately (1-13) x 10(exp 43) erg s1. The source has one of the weakest fluorescence lines amongst bona fide CTAGN, and is potentially a local analogue of bolometrically luminous systems showing complex neutral and ionized Fe emission. It exemplifies the difficulty of identification and proper characterization of distant CTAGN based on the strength of the neutral Fe K line

  3. The weak Fe fluorescence line and long-term X-ray evolution of the Compton-thick active galactic nucleus in NGC 7674

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gandhi, P.; Annuar, A.; Lansbury, G. B.; Stern, D.; Alexander, D. M.; Bauer, F. E.; Bianchi, S.; Boggs, S. E.; Boorman, P. G.; Brandt, W. N.; Brightman, M.; Christensen, F. E.; Comastri, A.; Craig, W. W.; Del Moro, A.; Elvis, M.; Guainazzi, M.; Hailey, C. J.; Harrison, F. A.; Koss, M.; Lamperti, I.; Malaguti, G.; Masini, A.; Matt, G.; Puccetti, S.; Ricci, C.; Rivers, E.; Walton, D. J.; Zhang, W. W.

    2017-06-01

    We present NuSTAR X-ray observations of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) in NGC 7674. The source shows a flat X-ray spectrum, suggesting that it is obscured by Compton-thick gas columns. Based upon long-term flux dimming, previous work suggested the alternate possibility that the source is a recently switched-off AGN with the observed X-rays being the lagged echo from the torus. Our high-quality data show the source to be reflection-dominated in hard X-rays, but with a relatively weak neutral Fe Kα emission line (equivalent width [EW] of ≈ 0.4 keV) and a strong Fe xxvi ionized line (EW ≈ 0.2 keV). We construct an updated long-term X-ray light curve of NGC 7674 and find that the observed 2-10 keV flux has remained constant for the past ≈ 20 yr, following a high-flux state probed by Ginga. Light travel time arguments constrain the minimum radius of the reflector to be ˜ 3.2 pc under the switched-off AGN scenario, ≈ 30 times larger than the expected dust sublimation radius, rendering this possibility unlikely. A patchy Compton-thick AGN (CTAGN) solution is plausible, requiring a minimum line-of-sight column density (NH) of 3 × 1024 cm-2 at present, and yields an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of (3-5) × 1043 erg s-1. Realistic uncertainties span the range of ≈ (1-13) × 1043 erg s-1. The source has one of the weakest fluorescence lines amongst bona fide CTAGN, and is potentially a local analogue of bolometrically luminous systems showing complex neutral and ionized Fe emission. It exemplifies the difficulty of identification and proper characterization of distant CTAGN based on the strength of the neutral Fe Kα line.

  4. MALDI-TOF-MS with PLS Modeling Enables Strain Typing of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sindt, Nathan M.; Robison, Faith; Brick, Mark A.; Schwartz, Howard F.; Heuberger, Adam L.; Prenni, Jessica E.

    2018-02-01

    Matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) is a fast and effective tool for microbial species identification. However, current approaches are limited to species-level identification even when genetic differences are known. Here, we present a novel workflow that applies the statistical method of partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to MALDI-TOF-MS protein fingerprint data of Xanthomonas axonopodis, an important bacterial plant pathogen of fruit and vegetable crops. Mass spectra of 32 X. axonopodis strains were used to create a mass spectral library and PLS-DA was employed to model the closely related strains. A robust workflow was designed to optimize the PLS-DA model by assessing the model performance over a range of signal-to-noise ratios (s/n) and mass filter (MF) thresholds. The optimized parameters were observed to be s/n = 3 and MF = 0.7. The model correctly classified 83% of spectra withheld from the model as a test set. A new decision rule was developed, termed the rolled-up Maximum Decision Rule (ruMDR), and this method improved identification rates to 92%. These results demonstrate that MALDI-TOF-MS protein fingerprints of bacterial isolates can be utilized to enable identification at the strain level. Furthermore, the open-source framework of this workflow allows for broad implementation across various instrument platforms as well as integration with alternative modeling and classification algorithms.

  5. Rapid identification and source-tracking of Listeria monocytogenes using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

    PubMed

    Jadhav, Snehal; Gulati, Vandana; Fox, Edward M; Karpe, Avinash; Beale, David J; Sevior, Danielle; Bhave, Mrinal; Palombo, Enzo A

    2015-06-02

    Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen responsible for the sometimes fatal disease listeriosis. Public health concerns and stringent regulations associated with the presence of this pathogen in food and food processing environments underline the need for rapid and reliable detection and subtyping techniques. In the current study, the application of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as a single identification and source-tracking tool for a collection of L. monocytogenes isolates, obtained predominantly from dairy sources within Australia, was explored. The isolates were cultured on different growth media and analysed using MALDI-TOF MS at two incubation times (24 and 48 h). Whilst reliable genus-level identification was achieved from most media, identification at the species level was found to be dependent on culture conditions. Successful speciation was highest for isolates cultured on the chromogenic Agar Listeria Ottaviani Agosti agar (ALOA, 91% of isolates) and non-selective horse blood agar (HBA, 89%) for 24h. Chemometric statistical analysis of the MALDI-TOF MS data enabled source-tracking of L. monocytogenes isolates obtained from four different dairy sources. Strain-level discrimination was also observed to be influenced by culture conditions. In addition, t-test/analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify potential biomarker peaks that differentiated the isolates according to their source of isolation. Source-tracking using MALDI-TOF MS was compared and correlated with the gold standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique. The discriminatory index and the congruence between both techniques were compared using the Simpsons Diversity Index and adjusted Rand and Wallace coefficients. Overall, MALDI-TOF MS based source-tracking (using data obtained by culturing the isolates on HBA) and PFGE demonstrated good congruence with a Wallace coefficient of 0.71 and comparable discriminatory indices of 0.89 and 0.86, respectively. MALDI-TOF MS thus represents a rapid and cost-effective source-tracking technique for L. monocytogenes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  6. Radio Galaxy Zoo: Machine learning for radio source host galaxy cross-identification

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alger, M. J.; Banfield, J. K.; Ong, C. S.; Rudnick, L.; Wong, O. I.; Wolf, C.; Andernach, H.; Norris, R. P.; Shabala, S. S.

    2018-05-01

    We consider the problem of determining the host galaxies of radio sources by cross-identification. This has traditionally been done manually, which will be intractable for wide-area radio surveys like the Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU). Automated cross-identification will be critical for these future surveys, and machine learning may provide the tools to develop such methods. We apply a standard approach from computer vision to cross-identification, introducing one possible way of automating this problem, and explore the pros and cons of this approach. We apply our method to the 1.4 GHz Australian Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) observations of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) and the ESO Large Area ISO Survey South 1 (ELAIS-S1) fields by cross-identifying them with the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) survey. We train our method with two sets of data: expert cross-identifications of CDFS from the initial ATLAS data release and crowdsourced cross-identifications of CDFS from Radio Galaxy Zoo. We found that a simple strategy of cross-identifying a radio component with the nearest galaxy performs comparably to our more complex methods, though our estimated best-case performance is near 100 per cent. ATLAS contains 87 complex radio sources that have been cross-identified by experts, so there are not enough complex examples to learn how to cross-identify them accurately. Much larger datasets are therefore required for training methods like ours. We also show that training our method on Radio Galaxy Zoo cross-identifications gives comparable results to training on expert cross-identifications, demonstrating the value of crowdsourced training data.

  7. An Integrated Model of Choices and Response Times in Absolute Identification

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brown, Scott D.; Marley, A. A. J.; Donkin, Christopher; Heathcote, Andrew

    2008-01-01

    Recent theoretical developments in the field of absolute identification have stressed differences between relative and absolute processes, that is, whether stimulus magnitudes are judged relative to a shorter term context provided by recently presented stimuli or a longer term context provided by the entire set of stimuli. The authors developed a…

  8. Dust Storm over the Middle East: Retrieval Approach, Source Identification, and Trend Analysis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Moridnejad, A.; Karimi, N.; Ariya, P. A.

    2014-12-01

    The Middle East region has been considered to be responsible for approximately 25% of the Earth's global emissions of dust particles. By developing Middle East Dust Index (MEDI) and applying to 70 dust storms characterized on MODIS images and occurred during the period between 2001 and 2012, we herein present a new high resolution mapping of major atmospheric dust source points participating in this region. To assist environmental managers and decision maker in taking proper and prioritized measures, we then categorize identified sources in terms of intensity based on extracted indices for Deep Blue algorithm and also utilize frequency of occurrence approach to find the sensitive sources. In next step, by implementing the spectral mixture analysis on the Landsat TM images (1984 and 2012), a novel desertification map will be presented. The aim is to understand how human perturbations and land-use change have influenced the dust storm points in the region. Preliminary results of this study indicate for the first time that c.a., 39 % of all detected source points are located in this newly anthropogenically desertified area. A large number of low frequency sources are located within or close to the newly desertified areas. These severely desertified regions require immediate concern at a global scale. During next 6 months, further research will be performed to confirm these preliminary results.

  9. Children's Subjective Identification with Social Groups: A Self-Stereotyping Approach

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bennett, Mark; Sani, Fabio

    2008-01-01

    We contend that previous work on children's identification with social groups has looked at the mere categorization of the self in group terms and not subjective identification properly conceived. Drawing upon self-categorization theory, the present research operationalizes identification as self-stereotyping (i.e. the ability to conceive of the…

  10. Semi volatile organic compounds in the snow of Russian Arctic islands: Archipelago Novaya Zemlya.

    PubMed

    Lebedev, A T; Mazur, D M; Polyakova, O V; Kosyakov, D S; Kozhevnikov, A Yu; Latkin, T B; Andreeva Yu, I; Artaev, V B

    2018-04-18

    Environmental contamination of the Arctic has widely been used as a worldwide pollution marker. Various classes of organic pollutants such as pesticides, personal care products, PAHs, flame retardants, biomass burning markers, and many others emerging contaminants have been regularly detected in Arctic samples. Although numerous papers have been published reporting data from the Canadian, Danish, and Norwegian Arctic regions, the environmental situation in Russian Arctic remains mostly underreported. Snow analysis is known to be used for monitoring air pollution in the regions with cold climate in both short-term and long-term studies. This paper presents the results of a nontargeted study on the semivolatile organic compounds detected and identified in snow samples collected at the Russian Artic Archipelago Novaya Zemlya in June 2016. Gas chromatography coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer enabled the simultaneous detection and quantification of a variety of pollutants including those from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) priority pollutants list, emerging contaminants (plasticizers, flame retardants-only detection), as well as the identification of novel Arctic organic pollutants, (e.g., fatty acid amides and polyoxyalkanes). The possible sources of these novel pollutants are also discussed. GC-HRMS enabled the detection and identification of emerging contaminants and novel organic pollutants in the Arctic, e.g., fatty amides and polyoxyalkanes. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  11. Using Seismic and Infrasonic Data to Identify Persistent Sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nava, S.; Brogan, R.

    2014-12-01

    Data from seismic and infrasound sensors were combined to aid in the identification of persistent sources such as mining-related explosions. It is of interest to operators of seismic networks to identify these signals in their event catalogs. Acoustic signals below the threshold of human hearing, in the frequency range of ~0.01 to 20 Hz are classified as infrasound. Persistent signal sources are useful as ground truth data for the study of atmospheric infrasound signal propagation, identification of manmade versus naturally occurring seismic sources, and other studies. By using signals emanating from the same location, propagation studies, for example, can be conducted using a variety of atmospheric conditions, leading to improvements to the modeling process for eventual use where the source is not known. We present results from several studies to identify ground truth sources using both seismic and infrasound data.

  12. The Complexities of Teaching Historical Conflictual Narratives in Integrated Palestinian-Jewish Schools in Israel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bekerman, Zvi

    2009-05-01

    This paper addresses the complexities encountered by teachers and students when dealing with conflictual historical narratives in the context of integrated bilingual schools in Israel. The narratives presented are based on rich ethnographic data gathered from a long-standing research effort in the schools. They offer insights into how those involved in the educational initiative draw selectively from formal and informal sources in order to support their identification and sense of belonging within their particular political, national and religious communities. The vignettes rendered present a complex picture that is not necessarily encouraging in terms of the potential of education to help overcome situations of intractable conflict.

  13. Identification of metapopulation dynamics among Northern Goshawks of the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska, and Coastal British Columbia

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; McClaren, Erica L.; Doyle, Frank I.; Titus, K.; Sage, George K.; Wilson, Robert E.; Gust, Judy R.; Talbot, Sandra L.

    2012-01-01

    Northern Goshawks occupying the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska, and coastal British Columbia nest primarily in old-growth and mature forest, which results in spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of individuals across the landscape. We used microsatellite and mitochondrial data to infer genetic structure, gene flow, and fluctuations in population demography through evolutionary time. Patterns in the genetic signatures were used to assess predictions associated with the three population models: panmixia, metapopulation, and isolated populations. Population genetic structure was observed along with asymmetry in gene flow estimates that changed directionality at different temporal scales, consistent with metapopulation model predictions. Therefore, Northern Goshawk assemblages located in the Alexander Archipelago and coastal British Columbia interact through a metapopulation framework, though they may not fit the classic model of a metapopulation. Long-term population sources (coastal mainland British Columbia) and sinks (Revillagigedo and Vancouver islands) were identified. However, there was no trend through evolutionary time in the directionality of dispersal among the remaining assemblages, suggestive of a rescue-effect dynamic. Admiralty, Douglas, and Chichagof island complex appears to be an evolutionarily recent source population in the Alexander Archipelago. In addition, Kupreanof island complex and Kispiox Forest District populations have high dispersal rates to populations in close geographic proximity and potentially serve as local source populations. Metapopulation dynamics occurring in the Alexander Archipelago and coastal British Columbia by Northern Goshawks highlight the importance of both occupied and unoccupied habitats to long-term population persistence of goshawks in this region.

  14. Optimization of urban water supply portfolios combining infrastructure capacity expansion and water use decisions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Medellin-Azuara, J.; Fraga, C. C. S.; Marques, G.; Mendes, C. A.

    2015-12-01

    The expansion and operation of urban water supply systems under rapidly growing demands, hydrologic uncertainty, and scarce water supplies requires a strategic combination of various supply sources for added reliability, reduced costs and improved operational flexibility. The design and operation of such portfolio of water supply sources merits decisions of what and when to expand, and how much to use of each available sources accounting for interest rates, economies of scale and hydrologic variability. The present research provides a framework and an integrated methodology that optimizes the expansion of various water supply alternatives using dynamic programming and combining both short term and long term optimization of water use and simulation of water allocation. A case study in Bahia Do Rio Dos Sinos in Southern Brazil is presented. The framework couples an optimization model with quadratic programming model in GAMS with WEAP, a rain runoff simulation models that hosts the water supply infrastructure features and hydrologic conditions. Results allow (a) identification of trade offs between cost and reliability of different expansion paths and water use decisions and (b) evaluation of potential gains by reducing water system losses as a portfolio component. The latter is critical in several developing countries where water supply system losses are high and often neglected in favor of more system expansion. Results also highlight the potential of various water supply alternatives including, conservation, groundwater, and infrastructural enhancements over time. The framework proves its usefulness for planning its transferability to similarly urbanized systems.

  15. 7 CFR 636.4 - Program requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE LONG TERM CONTRACTING WILDLIFE HABITAT INCENTIVES PROGRAM § 636.4 Program requirements. (a) To... members' tax identification numbers and percentage interest in the entity. Where applicable, American... individuals and payments made, by tax identification number or other unique identification number, during the...

  16. 10 CFR 39.15 - Agreement with well owner or operator.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... sealed source becomes lodged in the well, a reasonable effort will be made to recover it. (2) A person... identification plaque, constructed of long lasting material such as stainless steel, brass, bronze, or monel... appropriate; (E) The well name and well identification number(s) or other designation; (F) An identification...

  17. 10 CFR 39.15 - Agreement with well owner or operator.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... sealed source becomes lodged in the well, a reasonable effort will be made to recover it. (2) A person... identification plaque, constructed of long lasting material such as stainless steel, brass, bronze, or monel... appropriate; (E) The well name and well identification number(s) or other designation; (F) An identification...

  18. Recommendations following a multi-laboratory comparison of microbial source tracking methods

    EPA Science Inventory

    Microbial source tracking (MST) methods are under development to provide resource managers with tools to identify sources of fecal contamination in water. Some of the most promising methods currently under development were recently evaluated in the Source Identification Protocol ...

  19. [A new herbs traceability method based on DNA barcoding-origin-morphology analysis--an example from an adulterant of 'Heiguogouqi'].

    PubMed

    Gu, Xuan; Zhang, Xiao-qin; Song, Xiao-na; Zang, Yi-mei; Li Yan-peng; Ma, Chang-hua; Zhao, Bai-xiao; Liu, Chun-sheng

    2014-12-01

    The fruit of Lycium ruthenicum is a common folk medicine in China. Now it is popular for its antioxidative effect and other medical functions. The adulterants of the herb confuse consumers. In order to identify a new adulterant of L. ruthenicum, a research was performed based on NCBI Nucleotide Database ITS Sequence, combined analysis of the origin and morphology of the adulterant to traceable varieties. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the materials, and nuclear DNA ITS sequences were amplified and sequenced; DNA fragments were collated and matched by using ContingExpress. Similarity identification of BLAST analysis was performed. Besides, the distribution of plant origin and morphology were considered to further identification and verification. Families and genera were identified by molecular identification method. The adulterant was identified as plant belonging to Berberis. Origin analysis narrowed the range of sample identification. Seven different kinds of plants in Berberis were potential sources of the sample. Adulterants variety was traced by morphological analysis. The united molecular identification-origin-morphology research proves to be a preceding way to medical herbs traceability with time-saving and economic advantages and the results showed the new adulterant of L. ruthenicum was B. kaschgarica. The main differences between B. kaschgarica and L. ruthenicum are as follows: in terms of the traits, the surface of B. kaschgarica is smooth and crispy, and that of L. ruthenicum is shrinkage, solid and hard. In microscopic characteristics, epicarp cells of B. aschgarica thickening like a string of beads, stone cells as the rectangle, and the stone cell walls of L. ruthenicum is wavy, obvious grain layer. In molecular sequences, the length of ITS sequence of B. kaschgarica is 606 bp, L. ruthenicum is 654 bp, the similarity of the two sequences is 53.32%.

  20. Resolution and quantification accuracy enhancement of functional delay and sum beamforming for three-dimensional acoustic source identification with solid spherical arrays

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chu, Zhigang; Yang, Yang; Shen, Linbang

    2017-05-01

    Functional delay and sum (FDAS) is a novel beamforming algorithm introduced for the three-dimensional (3D) acoustic source identification with solid spherical microphone arrays. Being capable of offering significantly attenuated sidelobes with a fast speed, the algorithm promises to play an important role in interior acoustic source identification. However, it presents some intrinsic imperfections, specifically poor spatial resolution and low quantification accuracy. This paper focuses on conquering these imperfections by ridge detection (RD) and deconvolution approach for the mapping of acoustic sources (DAMAS). The suggested methods are referred to as FDAS+RD and FDAS+RD+DAMAS. Both computer simulations and experiments are utilized to validate their effects. Several interesting conclusions have emerged: (1) FDAS+RD and FDAS+RD+DAMAS both can dramatically ameliorate FDAS's spatial resolution and at the same time inherit its advantages. (2) Compared to the conventional DAMAS, FDAS+RD+DAMAS enjoys the same super spatial resolution, stronger sidelobe attenuation capability and more than two hundred times faster speed. (3) FDAS+RD+DAMAS can effectively conquer FDAS's low quantification accuracy. Whether the focus distance is equal to the distance from the source to the array center or not, it can quantify the source average pressure contribution accurately. This study will be of great significance to the accurate and quick localization and quantification of acoustic sources in cabin environments.

  1. 40 CFR 62.2602 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Georgia Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.2602 Identification of sources—negative... that there are no existing phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60, subpart B, of...

  2. 40 CFR 62.2602 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Georgia Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.2602 Identification of sources—negative... that there are no existing phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60, subpart B, of...

  3. 40 CFR 62.2602 - Identification of sources-negative declaration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Georgia Fluoride Emissions from Phosphate Fertilizer Plants § 62.2602 Identification of sources—negative... that there are no existing phosphate fertilizer plants in the State subject to part 60, subpart B, of...

  4. Multisource information fusion applied to ship identification for the recognized maritime picture

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Simard, Marc-Alain; Lefebvre, Eric; Helleur, Christopher

    2000-04-01

    The Recognized Maritime Picture (RMP) is defined as a composite picture of activity over a maritime area of interest. In simplistic terms, building an RAMP comes down to finding if an object of interest, a ship in our case, is there or not, determining what it is, determining what it is doing and determining if some type of follow-on action is required. The Canadian Department of National Defence currently has access to or may, in the near future, have access to a number of civilians, military and allied information or sensor systems to accomplish these purposes. These systems include automatic self-reporting positional systems, air patrol surveillance systems, high frequency surface radars, electronic intelligence systems, radar space systems and high frequency direction finding sensors. The ability to make full use of these systems is limited by the existing capability to fuse data from all sources in a timely, accurate and complete manner. This paper presents an information fusion systems under development that correlates and fuses these information and sensor data sources. This fusion system, named Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Correlator, correlates the information in batch but fuses and constructs ship tracks sequentially. It applies standard Kalman filter techniques and fuzzy logic correlation techniques. We propose a set of recommendations that should improve the ship identification process. Particularly it is proposed to utilize as many non-redundant sources of information as possible that address specific vessel attributes. Another important recommendation states that the information fusion and data association techniques should be capable of dealing with incomplete and imprecise information. Some fuzzy logic techniques capable of tolerating imprecise and dissimilar data are proposed.

  5. CosmoQuest Transient Tracker: Opensource Photometry & Astrometry software

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Myers, Joseph L.; Lehan, Cory; Gay, Pamela; Richardson, Matthew; CosmoQuest Team

    2018-01-01

    CosmoQuest is moving from online citizen science, to observational astronomy with the creation of Transient Trackers. This open source software is designed to identify asteroids and other transient/variable objects in image sets. Transient Tracker’s features in final form will include: astrometric and photometric solutions, identification of moving/transient objects, identification of variable objects, and lightcurve analysis. In this poster we present our initial, v0.1 release and seek community input.This software builds on the existing NIH funded ImageJ libraries. Creation of this suite of opensource image manipulation routines is lead by Wayne Rasband and is released primarily under the MIT license. In this release, we are building on these libraries to add source identification for point / point-like sources, and to do astrometry. Our materials released under the Apache 2.0 license on github (http://github.com/CosmoQuestTeam) and documentation can be found at http://cosmoquest.org/TransientTracker.

  6. COMBINING SOURCES IN STABLE ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS: ALTERNATIVE METHODS

    EPA Science Inventory

    Stable isotope mixing models are often used to quantify source contributions to a mixture. Examples include pollution source identification; trophic web studies; analysis of water sources for soils, plants, or water bodies; and many others. A common problem is having too many s...

  7. Source Region Identification Using Kernel Smoothing

    EPA Science Inventory

    As described in this paper, Nonparametric Wind Regression is a source-to-receptor source apportionment model that can be used to identify and quantify the impact of possible source regions of pollutants as defined by wind direction sectors. It is described in detail with an exam...

  8. 1 CFR 18.20 - Identification of subjects in agency regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... index terms, each agency shall use terms contained in the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms... terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are available from the...

  9. 1 CFR 18.20 - Identification of subjects in agency regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... index terms, each agency shall use terms contained in the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms... terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are available from the...

  10. Identification of provenance rocks based on EPMA analyses of heavy minerals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shimizu, M.; Sano, N.; Ueki, T.; Yonaga, Y.; Yasue, K. I.; Masakazu, N.

    2017-12-01

    Information on mountain building is significant in the field of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste, because this affects long-term stability in groundwater flow system. Provenance analysis is one of effective approaches for understanding building process of mountains. Chemical compositions of heavy minerals, as well as their chronological data, can be an index for identification of provenance rocks. The accurate identification requires the measurement of as many grains as possible. In order to achieve an efficient provenance analysis, we developed a method for quick identification of heavy minerals using an Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA). In this method, heavy mineral grains extracted from a sample were aligned on a glass slide and mounted in a resin. Concentration of 28 elements was measured for 300-500 grains per sample using EPMA. To measure as many grains as possible, we prioritized swiftness of measurement over precision, configuring measurement time of about 3.5 minutes for each grain. Identification of heavy minerals was based on their chemical composition. We developed a Microsoft® Excel® spread sheet input criteria of mineral identification using a typical range of chemical compositions for each mineral. The grains of <80 wt.% or >110 wt.% total were rejected. The criteria of mineral identification were revised through the comparison between mineral identification by optical microscopy and chemical compositions of grains classified as "unknown minerals". Provenance rocks can be identified based on abundance ratio of identified minerals. If no significant difference of the abundance ratio was found among source rocks, chemical composition of specific minerals was used as another index. This method was applied to the sediments of some regions in Japan where provenance rocks had lithological variations but similar formation ages. Consequently, the provenance rocks were identified based on chemical compositions of heavy minerals resistant to weathering, such as zircon and ilmenite.This study was carried out under a contract with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan as part of its R&D supporting program for developing geological disposal technology.

  11. Identification of propulsion systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Merrill, Walter; Guo, Ten-Huei; Duyar, Ahmet

    1991-01-01

    This paper presents a tutorial on the use of model identification techniques for the identification of propulsion system models. These models are important for control design, simulation, parameter estimation, and fault detection. Propulsion system identification is defined in the context of the classical description of identification as a four step process that is unique because of special considerations of data and error sources. Propulsion system models are described along with the dependence of system operation on the environment. Propulsion system simulation approaches are discussed as well as approaches to propulsion system identification with examples for both air breathing and rocket systems.

  12. Goldstone radio spectrum signal identification, March 1980 - March 1982

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gaudian, B. A.

    1982-01-01

    The signal identification process is described. The Goldstone radio spectrum environment contains signals that are a potential source of electromagnetic interference to the Goldstone tracking receivers. The identification of these signals is accomplished by the use of signal parameters and environment parameters. Statistical data on the Goldstone radio spectrum environment from 2285 to 2305 MHz are provided.

  13. Uncertainty in structural interpretation: Lessons to be learnt

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bond, Clare E.

    2015-05-01

    Uncertainty in the interpretation of geological data is an inherent element of geology. Datasets from different sources: remotely sensed seismic imagery, field data and borehole data, are often combined and interpreted to create a geological model of the sub-surface. The data have limited resolution and spatial distribution that results in uncertainty in the interpretation of the data and in the subsequent geological model(s) created. Methods to determine the extent of interpretational uncertainty of a dataset, how to capture and express that uncertainty, and consideration of uncertainties in terms of risk have been investigated. Here I review the work that has taken place and discuss best practice in accounting for uncertainties in structural interpretation workflows. Barriers to best practice are reflected on, including the use of software packages for interpretation. Experimental evidence suggests that minimising interpretation error through the use of geological reasoning and rules can help decrease interpretation uncertainty; through identification of inadmissible interpretations and in highlighting areas of uncertainty. Understanding expert thought processes and reasoning, including the use of visuospatial skills, during interpretation may aid in the identification of uncertainties, and in the education of new geoscientists.

  14. Data Quality Evaluation and Application Potential Analysis of TIANGONG-2 Wide-Band Imaging Spectrometer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Qin, B.; Li, L.; Li, S.

    2018-04-01

    Tiangong-2 is the first space laboratory in China, which launched in September 15, 2016. Wide-band Imaging Spectrometer is a medium resolution multispectral imager on Tiangong-2. In this paper, the authors introduced the indexes and parameters of Wideband Imaging Spectrometer, and made an objective evaluation about the data quality of Wide-band Imaging Spectrometer in radiation quality, image sharpness and information content, and compared the data quality evaluation results with that of Landsat-8. Although the data quality of Wide-band Imager Spectrometer has a certain disparity with Landsat-8 OLI data in terms of signal to noise ratio, clarity and entropy. Compared with OLI, Wide-band Imager Spectrometer has more bands, narrower bandwidth and wider swath, which make it a useful remote sensing data source in classification and identification of large and medium scale ground objects. In the future, Wide-band Imaging Spectrometer data will be widely applied in land cover classification, ecological environment assessment, marine and coastal zone monitoring, crop identification and classification, and other related areas.

  15. 21 CFR 886.5100 - Ophthalmic beta radiation source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Ophthalmic beta radiation source. 886.5100 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5100 Ophthalmic beta radiation source. (a) Identification. An ophthalmic beta radiation source is a device intended to apply superficial...

  16. 21 CFR 886.5100 - Ophthalmic beta radiation source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Ophthalmic beta radiation source. 886.5100 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5100 Ophthalmic beta radiation source. (a) Identification. An ophthalmic beta radiation source is a device intended to apply superficial...

  17. 21 CFR 886.5100 - Ophthalmic beta radiation source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Ophthalmic beta radiation source. 886.5100 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5100 Ophthalmic beta radiation source. (a) Identification. An ophthalmic beta radiation source is a device intended to apply superficial...

  18. 21 CFR 886.5100 - Ophthalmic beta radiation source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Ophthalmic beta radiation source. 886.5100 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5100 Ophthalmic beta radiation source. (a) Identification. An ophthalmic beta radiation source is a device intended to apply superficial...

  19. 21 CFR 886.5100 - Ophthalmic beta radiation source.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Ophthalmic beta radiation source. 886.5100 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES OPHTHALMIC DEVICES Therapeutic Devices § 886.5100 Ophthalmic beta radiation source. (a) Identification. An ophthalmic beta radiation source is a device intended to apply superficial...

  20. IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF GROUND-WATER SALINIZA- TION USING GEOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES

    EPA Science Inventory

    This report deals with salt-water sources that commonly mix and deteriorate fresh ground water. It reviews characteristics of salt-water sources and geochemical techniques that can be used to identify these sources after mixing has occurred. The report is designed to assist inves...

  1. Observations of GAIA-identified Cataclysmic Variables Using the TUBITAK National Observatory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Esenoglu, Hasan H.; Kirbiyik, Halil; Kaynar, Suleyman; Okuyan, Oguzhan; Hamitoglu, Irek; Galeev, Almaz; Uluc, Kadir; Kocak, Murat; Kilic, Sila E.; Parmaksizoglu, Murat; Erece, Orhan; Ozisik, Tuncay; Gulsecen, Hulusi

    2016-07-01

    TUBITAK National Observatory supports the GAIA alerts with observations using three telescopes (RTT150, T100, T60) at the site with a limited time quota. We have observed 10 variable stars among GAIA sources discovered in the years 2014-2016 that may be candidate Cataclysmic Variables (CVs). Our TUG observations at this stage involve photometry and spectroscopy to aid the identification of these sources. The first preliminary result of our observations of Gaia14aat among them showed a dwarf nova outburst with an amplitude of 2.69 mag. We aim to construct a GAIA astrophysics group to study CVs along with supported studies using the SRG (Spectrum Roentgen Gamma astrophysical observatory) after the year of 2016. These observations will basically involve spectroscopy, narrow-band CCD imaging and photometry using several filters to aid the identification of these sources. RTT150 observations with very narrow filters (like H-alpha, SII, OIII with band width of range of 2 to 5 nm) will reveal whether shell around the SRG sources to aid identification novae among them.

  2. EX56a study of extended X-ray emission around isolated galaxies EX56b identification and spectra of bright X-ray sources at high galactic latitude

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Schwartz, Daniel A.

    1987-01-01

    The EXOSAT observations confirmed the identification and extended nature of PKS 2345-35. It gave a good 2 to 10 keV X-ray spectrum and a detailed spatial profile indicating asymmetry of the structure. In the high galactic latitidue investigation, the BL Lac object identified with the HEAO-1 source 1430+423 was detected, and the first X-ray spectrum was obtained. Several simulataneous observations of H0323+022 were obtained over a broad range of electromagnetic spectrum. Studies of luminous active galactic nuclei have given significant information on the spectrum of the quasar PKS 0558-504. In a study of Southern sky cataclysmic variables, the EXOSAT was used to determine the X-ray spectrum and search for periodicities in two objects. Studies of complete identifications have revealed that X-ray sources in two high galactic latitude fields are stars, and therefore are to be excluded from the Piccinotti extragalactic sample. Only one Piccinotti source remains to be identified.

  3. A review of output-only structural mode identification literature employing blind source separation methods

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sadhu, A.; Narasimhan, S.; Antoni, J.

    2017-09-01

    Output-only modal identification has seen significant activity in recent years, especially in large-scale structures where controlled input force generation is often difficult to achieve. This has led to the development of new system identification methods which do not require controlled input. They often work satisfactorily if they satisfy some general assumptions - not overly restrictive - regarding the stochasticity of the input. Hundreds of papers covering a wide range of applications appear every year related to the extraction of modal properties from output measurement data in more than two dozen mechanical, aerospace and civil engineering journals. In little more than a decade, concepts of blind source separation (BSS) from the field of acoustic signal processing have been adopted by several researchers and shown that they can be attractive tools to undertake output-only modal identification. Originally intended to separate distinct audio sources from a mixture of recordings, mathematical equivalence to problems in linear structural dynamics have since been firmly established. This has enabled many of the developments in the field of BSS to be modified and applied to output-only modal identification problems. This paper reviews over hundred articles related to the application of BSS and their variants to output-only modal identification. The main contribution of the paper is to present a literature review of the papers which have appeared on the subject. While a brief treatment of the basic ideas are presented where relevant, a comprehensive and critical explanation of their contents is not attempted. Specific issues related to output-only modal identification and the relative advantages and limitations of BSS methods both from theoretical and application standpoints are discussed. Gap areas requiring additional work are also summarized and the paper concludes with possible future trends in this area.

  4. The Chandra Xbootes Survey - IV: Mid-Infrared and Submillimeter Counterparts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Brown, Arianna; Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron; Cooray, Asantha R.; Nayyeri, Hooshang

    2016-06-01

    In this work, we use a Bayesian technique to identify mid-IR and submillimeter counterparts for 3,213 X-ray point sources detected in the Chandra XBoötes Survey so as to characterize the relationship between black hole activity and star formation in the XBoötes region. The Chandra XBoötes Survey is a 5-ks X-ray survey of the 9.3 square degree Boötes Field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey (NDWFS), a survey imaged from the optical to the near-IR. We use a likelihood ratio analysis on Spitzer-IRAC data taken from The Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey (SDWFS) to determine mid-IR counterparts, and a similar method on Herschel-SPIRE sources detected at 250µm from The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey to determine the submillimeter counterparts. The likelihood ratio analysis (LRA) provides the probability that a(n) IRAC or SPIRE point source is the true counterpart to a Chandra source. The analysis is comprised of three parts: the normalized magnitude distributions of counterparts and background sources, and the radial probability distribution of the separation distance between the IRAC or SPIRE source and the Chandra source. Many Chandra sources have multiple prospective counterparts in each band, so additional analysis is performed to determine the identification reliability of the candidates. Identification reliability values lie between 0 and 1, and sources with identification reliability values ≥0.8 are chosen to be the true counterparts. With these results, we will consider the statistical implications of the sample's redshifts, mid-IR and submillimeter luminosities, and star formation rates.

  5. Astronomical Data Center Bulletin, volume 1, number 3

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mead, J. M.; Warren, W. H., Jr.; Nagy, T. A.

    1983-01-01

    A catalog of galactic O-type stars, a machine-readable version of the bright star catalog, a two-micron sky survey, sky survey sources with problematical Durchmusterung identifications, data retrieval for visual binary stars, faint blue objects, the sixth catalog of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars, declination versus magnitude distribution, the SAO-HD-GC-DM cross index catalog, star cross-identification tables, astronomical sources, bibliographical star index search updates, DO-HD and HD-DO cross indices, and catalogs, are reviewed.

  6. LIQUID: an-open source software for identifying lipids in LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics data

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kyle, Jennifer E.; Crowell, Kevin L.; Casey, Cameron P.

    2017-01-31

    We introduce an open-source software, LIQUID, for semi-automated processing and visualization of LC-MS/MS based lipidomics data. LIQUID provides users with the capability to process high throughput data and contains a customizable target library and scoring model per project needs. The graphical user interface provides visualization of multiple lines of spectral evidence for each lipid identification, allowing rapid examination of data for making confident identifications of lipid molecular species.

  7. Aerosol Mapping From Space: Strengths, Limitations, and Applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kahn, Ralph

    2010-01-01

    The aerosol data products from the NASA Earth Observing System's MISR and MODIS instruments provide significant advances in regional and global aerosol optical depth (AOD) mapping, aerosol type measurement, and source plume characterization from space. These products have been and are being used for many applications, ranging from regional air quality assessment, to aerosol air mass type identification and evolution, to wildfire smoke injection height and aerosol transport model validation. However, retrieval uncertainties and coverage gaps still limit the quantitative constraints these satellite data place on some important questions, such as global-scale long-term trends and direct aerosol radiative forcing. Major advances in these areas seem to require a different paradigm, involving the integration of satellite with suborbital data and with models. This presentation will briefly summarize where we stand, and what incremental improvements we can expect, with the current MISR and MODIS aerosol products, and will then elaborate on some initial steps aimed at the necessary integration of satellite data with data from other sources and with chemical transport models.

  8. Viral forensic genomics reveals the relatedness of classic herpes simplex virus strains KOS, KOS63, and KOS79

    PubMed Central

    Bowen, Christopher D.; Renner, Daniel W.; Shreve, Jacob T.; Tafuri, Yolanda; Payne, Kimberly M.; Dix, Richard D.; Kinchington, Paul R.; Gatherer, Derek; Szpara, Moriah L.

    2016-01-01

    Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a widespread global pathogen, of which the strain KOS is one of the most extensively studied. Previous sequence studies revealed that KOS does not cluster with other strains of North American geographic origin, but instead clustered with Asian strains. We sequenced a historical isolate of the original KOS strain, called KOS63, along with a separately isolated strain attributed to the same source individual, termed KOS79. Genomic analyses revealed that KOS63 closely resembled other recently sequenced isolates of KOS and was of Asian origin, but that KOS79 was a genetically unrelated strain that clustered in genetic distance analyses with HSV-1 strains of North American/European origin. These data suggest that the human source of KOS63 and KOS79 could have been infected with two genetically unrelated strains of disparate geographic origins. A PCR RFLP test was developed for rapid identification of these strains. PMID:26950505

  9. [Analysis of varieties and standards of Leguminosae plants used in Tibetan medicine].

    PubMed

    Cao, Lan; Du, Xiao-lang; Zhong, Wei-hong; Zhong, Wei-jin; He, Jun-wei; Mu, Ze-jing; Zhong, Guo-yue

    2015-12-01

    In this paper, the domestic varieties and quality standard of Leguminosae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 36 genera and 142 species (including varieties), as well as 64 medicinal materials varieties of Leguminosae plants were recorded in relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards and literatures, there are great differences in varieties, sources, used parts, and efficacy of medicinal plants. Among them, about 38.0% (including 54 species) of the endemic plants, about 25.4% (including 36 species) of the original plants have medicinal standard legal records, except 9 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine general quality standard more fairly completed, the most varieties have only description about characters, identification, etc. Therefore it is necessary to reinforce study for the herbal textual, resources and the use present situation, chemical components and biological activity, quality standard, medicinal terms specification, to promote establishment of quality standard system for variety-terminologies-sources of Tibetan medicinal plants.

  10. Source identification and distribution reveals the potential of the geochemical Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO25

    PubMed Central

    Belt, S. T.; Smik, L.; Brown, T. A.; Kim, J.-H.; Rowland, S. J.; Allen, C. S.; Gal, J.-K.; Shin, K.-H.; Lee, J. I.; Taylor, K. W. R.

    2016-01-01

    The presence of a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid biomarker (diene II) in Southern Ocean sediments has previously been proposed as a proxy measure of palaeo Antarctic sea ice. Here we show that a source of diene II is the sympagic diatom Berkeleya adeliensis Medlin. Furthermore, the propensity for B. adeliensis to flourish in platelet ice is reflected by an offshore downward gradient in diene II concentration in >100 surface sediments from Antarctic coastal and near-coastal environments. Since platelet ice formation is strongly associated with super-cooled freshwater inflow, we further hypothesize that sedimentary diene II provides a potentially sensitive proxy indicator of landfast sea ice influenced by meltwater discharge from nearby glaciers and ice shelves, and re-examination of some previous diene II downcore records supports this hypothesis. The term IPSO25—Ice Proxy for the Southern Ocean with 25 carbon atoms—is proposed as a proxy name for diene II. PMID:27573030

  11. Viral forensic genomics reveals the relatedness of classic herpes simplex virus strains KOS, KOS63, and KOS79.

    PubMed

    Bowen, Christopher D; Renner, Daniel W; Shreve, Jacob T; Tafuri, Yolanda; Payne, Kimberly M; Dix, Richard D; Kinchington, Paul R; Gatherer, Derek; Szpara, Moriah L

    2016-05-01

    Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a widespread global pathogen, of which the strain KOS is one of the most extensively studied. Previous sequence studies revealed that KOS does not cluster with other strains of North American geographic origin, but instead clustered with Asian strains. We sequenced a historical isolate of the original KOS strain, called KOS63, along with a separately isolated strain attributed to the same source individual, termed KOS79. Genomic analyses revealed that KOS63 closely resembled other recently sequenced isolates of KOS and was of Asian origin, but that KOS79 was a genetically unrelated strain that clustered in genetic distance analyses with HSV-1 strains of North American/European origin. These data suggest that the human source of KOS63 and KOS79 could have been infected with two genetically unrelated strains of disparate geographic origins. A PCR RFLP test was developed for rapid identification of these strains. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Prevalent organisms on ostrich carcasses found in a commercial abattoir.

    PubMed

    Hoffman, L C; Britz, T J; Schnetler, D C

    2010-09-01

    The prevalent microbial growth on carcasses before and after overnight cooling in an ostrich abattoir and de-boning plant was investigated. The effect of warm or cold trimming of the carcasses was examined together with possible causes of contamination along the processing line. An attempt was made to link the prevalent microorganisms that were identified from carcasses to those from specific external contamination sources. Samples of carcasses and possible contaminants were collected in the plant, plated out and selected organisms were typed using a commercial rapid identification system. It was indicated that the cold trim (mainly of bruises) of carcasses was advantageous in terms of microbiological meat quality. Results indicated pooled water in the abattoir as the most hazardous vector for carcass contamination and that contaminants from this source are mostly Gram-negative pathogens. Pseudomonas and Shigella were frequently isolated from surface and air samples and indicated that the control of total plant hygiene is a requirement for producing ostrich meat that is safe to consume and has an acceptable shelf-life.

  13. Optical detection of special nuclear materials: an alternative approach for standoff and remote sensing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Johnson, J. Bruce; Reeve, S. W.; Burns, W. A.; Allen, Susan D.

    2010-04-01

    Termed Special Nuclear Material (SNM) by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, fissile materials, such as 235U and 239Pu, are the primary components used to construct modern nuclear weapons. Detecting the clandestine presence of SNM represents an important capability for Homeland Security. An ideal SNM sensor must be able to detect fissile materials present at ppb levels, be able to distinguish between the source of the detected fissile material, i.e., 235U, 239Pu, 233U or other fission source, and be able to perform the discrimination in near real time. A sensor with such capabilities would provide not only rapid identification of a threat but, ultimately, information on the potential source of the threat. For example, current detection schemes for monitoring clandestine nuclear testing and nuclear fuel reprocessing to provide weapons grade fissile material rely largely on passive air sampling combined with a subsequent instrumental analysis or some type of wet chemical analysis of the collected material. It would be highly useful to have a noncontact method of measuring isotopes capable of providing forensic information rapidly at ppb levels of detection. Here we compare the use of Kr, Xe and I as "canary" species for distinguishing between 235U and 239Pu fission sources by spectroscopic methods.

  14. Identification and measurement of combustion noise from a turbofan engine using correlation and coherence techniques. Ph.D. Thesis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Karchmer, A. M.

    1977-01-01

    Fluctuating pressure measurements within the combustor and tailpipe of a turbofan engine are made simultaneously with far field acoustic measurements. The pressure measurements within the engine are accomplished with cooled semi-infinite waveguide probes utilizing conventional condenser microphones as the transducers. The measurements are taken over a broad range of engine operating conditions and for 16 far field microphone positions between 10 deg and 160 deg relative to the engine inlet axis. Correlation and coherence techniques are used to determine the relative phase and amplitude relationships between the internal pressures and far field acoustic pressures. The results indicate that the combustor is a low frequency source region for acoustic propagation through the tailpipe and out to the far field. Specifically, it is found that the relation between source pressure and the resulting sound pressure involves a 180 deg phase shift. The latter result is obtained by Fourier transforming the cross correlation function between the source pressure and acoustic pressure after removing the propagation delay time. Further, it is found that the transfer function between the source pressure and acoustic pressure has a magnitude approximately proportional to frequency squared. These results are shown to be consistent with a model using a modified source term in Lighthill's turbulence stress tensor, wherein the fluctuating Reynolds stresses are replaced with the pressure fluctuations due to fluctuating entropy.

  15. Source identification and spatial distribution of heavy metals in tobacco-growing soils in Shandong province of China with multivariate and geostatistical analysis.

    PubMed

    Liu, Haiwei; Zhang, Yan; Zhou, Xue; You, Xiuxuan; Shi, Yi; Xu, Jialai

    2017-02-01

    Samples of surface soil from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) fields were analysed for heavy metals and showed the following concentrations (mean of 246 samples, mg/kg): As, 5.10; Cd, 0.11; Cr, 49.49; Cu, 14.72; Hg, 0.08; Ni, 19.28; Pb. 20.20 and Zn, 30.76. The values of the index of geoaccumulation (I geo ) and of the enrichment factor indicated modest enrichment with As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni or Pb. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis correctly allocated each investigated element to its source, whether anthropogenic or natural. The results were consistent with estimated inputs of heavy metals from fertilizers, irrigation water and atmospheric deposition. The variation in the concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the soil was mainly due to long-term agricultural practises, and that of Cr and Ni was mainly due to the soil parent material, whereas the source of Hg was industrial activity, which ultimately led to atmospheric deposition. Atmospheric deposition was the main exogenous source of heavy metals, and fertilizers also played an important role in the accumulation of these elements in soil. Identifying the sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils can serve as a basis for appropriate action to control and reduce the addition of heavy metals to cultivated soils.

  16. On Biometrics With Eye Movements.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Youming; Juhola, Martti

    2017-09-01

    Eye movements are a relatively novel data source for biometric identification. When video cameras applied to eye tracking become smaller and more efficient, this data source could offer interesting opportunities for the development of eye movement biometrics. In this paper, we study primarily biometric identification as seen as a classification task of multiple classes, and secondarily biometric verification considered as binary classification. Our research is based on the saccadic eye movement signal measurements from 109 young subjects. In order to test the data measured, we use a procedure of biometric identification according to the one-versus-one (subject) principle. In a development from our previous research, which also involved biometric verification based on saccadic eye movements, we now apply another eye movement tracker device with a higher sampling frequency of 250 Hz. The results obtained are good, with correct identification rates at 80-90% at their best.

  17. ScanRanker: Quality Assessment of Tandem Mass Spectra via Sequence Tagging

    PubMed Central

    Ma, Ze-Qiang; Chambers, Matthew C.; Ham, Amy-Joan L.; Cheek, Kristin L.; Whitwell, Corbin W.; Aerni, Hans-Rudolf; Schilling, Birgit; Miller, Aaron W.; Caprioli, Richard M.; Tabb, David L.

    2011-01-01

    In shotgun proteomics, protein identification by tandem mass spectrometry relies on bioinformatics tools. Despite recent improvements in identification algorithms, a significant number of high quality spectra remain unidentified for various reasons. Here we present ScanRanker, an open-source tool that evaluates the quality of tandem mass spectra via sequence tagging with reliable performance in data from different instruments. The superior performance of ScanRanker enables it not only to find unassigned high quality spectra that evade identification through database search, but also to select spectra for de novo sequencing and cross-linking analysis. In addition, we demonstrate that the distribution of ScanRanker scores predicts the richness of identifiable spectra among multiple LC-MS/MS runs in an experiment, and ScanRanker scores assist the process of peptide assignment validation to increase confident spectrum identifications. The source code and executable versions of ScanRanker are available from http://fenchurch.mc.vanderbilt.edu. PMID:21520941

  18. Sources of male chauvinism in the TAT.

    PubMed

    Potkay, C R; Merrens, M R

    1975-10-01

    Potential sources of antifemale bias in TAT stimuli were evaluated by having 358 undergraduate subjects rate 17 male and 17 female TAT figures on 7-point anchored scales. Data from the five independent rating conditions were examined by 2 x 2 ANOVA. Biases toward greater Mental Health and Intelligence for female figures were seen to be insufficient counterbalancers of biases toward greater Cultural Favorability and Identification for male figures. Achievement status was rated equivalently. TAT stimuli appeared to show a "built in" source of male chauvinism systematically "pulling" male-sex identification. Potential for unfavorable clinical evaluation was seen to be greater for female TAT subjects compared with male subjects.

  19. Using state-issued identification cards for obesity tracking.

    PubMed

    Morris, Daniel S; Schubert, Stacey S; Ngo, Duyen L; Rubado, Dan J; Main, Eric; Douglas, Jae P

    2015-01-01

    Obesity prevention has emerged as one of public health's top priorities. Public health agencies need reliable data on population health status to guide prevention efforts. Existing survey data sources provide county-level estimates; obtaining sub-county estimates from survey data can be prohibitively expensive. State-issued identification cards are an alternate data source for community-level obesity estimates. We computed body mass index for 3.2 million adult Oregonians who were issued a driver license or identification card between 2003 and 2010. Statewide estimates of obesity prevalence and average body mass index were compared to the Oregon Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). After geocoding addresses we calculated average adult body mass index for every census tract and block group in the state. Sub-county estimates reveal striking patterns in the population's weight status. Annual obesity prevalence estimates from identification cards averaged 18% lower than the BRFSS for men and 31% lower for women. Body mass index estimates averaged 2% lower than the BRFSS for men and 5% lower for women. Identification card records are a promising data source to augment tracking of obesity. People do tend to misrepresent their weight, but the consistent bias does not obscure patterns and trends. Large numbers of records allow for stable estimates for small geographic areas. Copyright © 2014 Asian Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. All rights reserved.

  20. High-throughput screening of T7 phage display and protein microarrays as a methodological approach for the identification of IgE-reactive components.

    PubMed

    San Segundo-Acosta, Pablo; Garranzo-Asensio, María; Oeo-Santos, Carmen; Montero-Calle, Ana; Quiralte, Joaquín; Cuesta-Herranz, Javier; Villalba, Mayte; Barderas, Rodrigo

    2018-05-01

    Olive pollen and yellow mustard seeds are major allergenic sources with high clinical relevance. To aid with the identification of IgE-reactive components, the development of sensitive methodological approaches is required. Here, we have combined T7 phage display and protein microarrays for the identification of allergenic peptides and mimotopes from olive pollen and mustard seeds. The identification of these allergenic sequences involved the construction and biopanning of T7 phage display libraries of mustard seeds and olive pollen using sera from allergic patients to both biological sources together with the construction of phage microarrays printed with 1536 monoclonal phages from the third/four rounds of biopanning. The screening of the phage microarrays with individual sera from allergic patients enabled the identification of 10 and 9 IgE-reactive unique amino acid sequences from olive pollen and mustard seeds, respectively. Five immunoreactive amino acid sequences displayed on phages were selected for their expression as His6-GST tag fusion proteins and validation. After immunological characterization, we assessed the IgE-reactivity of the constructs. Our results show that protein microarrays printed with T7 phages displaying peptides from allergenic sources might be used to identify allergenic components -peptides, proteins or mimotopes- through their screening with specific IgE antibodies from allergic patients. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. Fast Fourier-based deconvolution for three-dimensional acoustic source identification with solid spherical arrays

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yang, Yang; Chu, Zhigang; Shen, Linbang; Ping, Guoli; Xu, Zhongming

    2018-07-01

    Being capable of demystifying the acoustic source identification result fast, Fourier-based deconvolution has been studied and applied widely for the delay and sum (DAS) beamforming with two-dimensional (2D) planar arrays. It is, however so far, still blank in the context of spherical harmonics beamforming (SHB) with three-dimensional (3D) solid spherical arrays. This paper is motivated to settle this problem. Firstly, for the purpose of determining the effective identification region, the premise of deconvolution, a shift-invariant point spread function (PSF), is analyzed with simulations. To make the premise be satisfied approximately, the opening angle in elevation dimension of the surface of interest should be small, while no restriction is imposed to the azimuth dimension. Then, two kinds of deconvolution theories are built for SHB using the zero and the periodic boundary conditions respectively. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate that the periodic boundary condition is superior to the zero one, and fits the 3D acoustic source identification with solid spherical arrays better. Finally, four periodic boundary condition based deconvolution methods are formulated, and their performance is disclosed both with simulations and experimentally. All the four methods offer enhanced spatial resolution and reduced sidelobe contaminations over SHB. The recovered source strength approximates to the exact one multiplied with a coefficient that is the square of the focus distance divided by the distance from the source to the array center, while the recovered pressure contribution is scarcely affected by the focus distance, always approximating to the exact one.

  2. Automatic source camera identification using the intrinsic lens radial distortion

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Choi, Kai San; Lam, Edmund Y.; Wong, Kenneth K. Y.

    2006-11-01

    Source camera identification refers to the task of matching digital images with the cameras that are responsible for producing these images. This is an important task in image forensics, which in turn is a critical procedure in law enforcement. Unfortunately, few digital cameras are equipped with the capability of producing watermarks for this purpose. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a high rate of accuracy in the identification by noting the intrinsic lens radial distortion of each camera. To reduce manufacturing cost, the majority of digital cameras are equipped with lenses having rather spherical surfaces, whose inherent radial distortions serve as unique fingerprints in the images. We extract, for each image, parameters from aberration measurements, which are then used to train and test a support vector machine classifier. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the success rate of a source camera identification with five cameras. The results show that this is a viable approach with high accuracy. Additionally, we also present results on how the error rates may change with images captured using various optical zoom levels, as zooming is commonly available in digital cameras.

  3. Application of spectrometric analysis to the identification of pollution sources causing cultural heritage damage.

    PubMed

    Belfiore, C M; Barca, D; Bonazza, A; Comite, V; La Russa, M F; Pezzino, A; Ruffolo, S A; Sabbioni, C

    2013-12-01

    Black crusts are recognized to have been, up to now, one of the major deterioration forms affecting the built heritage in urban areas. Their formation is demonstrated to occur mainly on carbonate building materials, whose interaction with an SO2-loaded atmosphere leads to the transformation of calcium carbonate (calcite) into calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) which, together with embedded carbonaceous particles, consequently forms the black crusts on the stone surface. An analytical study was carried out on black crust samples collected from limestone monumental buildings and churches belonging to the European built Heritage, i.e., the Corner Palace in Venice (Italy), the Cathedral of St. Rombouts in Mechelen (Belgium), and the Church of St. Eustache in Paris (France). For a complete characterization of the black crusts, an approach integrating different and complementary techniques was used, including laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical and scanning electron microscopy. In particular, the application of LA-ICP-MS permitted to obtain a complete geochemical characterization in terms of trace elements of the black crusts from the inner parts to the external layers contributing to the identification of the major combustion sources responsible for the deterioration over time of the monuments under study. In addition, the obtained results revealed a relation between the height of sampling and the concentration of heavy metals and proved that the crust composition can be a marker to evaluate the variation of the fuels used over time.

  4. Measuring historical trauma in an American Indian Community Sample: Contributions of substance dependence, affective disorder, conduct disorder and PTSD

    PubMed Central

    Ehlers, Cindy L.; Gizer, Ian R.; Gilder, David A.; Ellingson, Jarrod M.; Yehuda, Rachel

    2013-01-01

    Background The American Indian experience of historical trauma is thought of as both a source of intergenerational trauma responses as well as a potential causative factor for long-term distress and substance abuse among communities. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the extent to which the frequency of thoughts of historical loss and associated symptoms are influenced by: current traumatic events, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), cultural identification, percent Native American Heritage, substance dependence, affective/anxiety disorders, and conduct disorder/antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Methods Participants were American Indians recruited from reservations that were assessed with the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA), The Historical Loss Scale and The Historical Loss Associated Symptoms Scale (to quantify frequency of thoughts and symptoms of historical loss) the Stressful-Life-Events Scale (to assess experiences of trauma) and the Orthogonal Cultural Identification Scale (OCIS). Results Three hundred and six (306) American Indian adults participated in the study. Over half of them indicated that they thought about historical losses at least occasionally, and that it caused them distress. Logistic regression revealed that significant increases in how often a person thought about historical losses were associated with: not being married, high degrees of Native Heritage, and high cultural identification. Additionally, anxiety/affective disorders and substance dependence were correlated with historical loss associated symptoms. Conclusions In this American Indian community, thoughts about historical losses and their associated symptomatology are common and the presences of these thoughts are associated with Native American Heritage, cultural identification, and substance dependence. PMID:23791028

  5. Yeast species associated with orange juice: evaluation of different identification methods.

    PubMed

    Arias, Covadonga R; Burns, Jacqueline K; Friedrich, Lorrie M; Goodrich, Renee M; Parish, Mickey E

    2002-04-01

    Five different methods were used to identify yeast isolates from a variety of citrus juice sources. A total of 99 strains, including reference strains, were identified using a partial sequence of the 26S rRNA gene, restriction pattern analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (5.8S-ITS), classical methodology, the RapID Yeast Plus system, and API 20C AUX. Twenty-three different species were identified representing 11 different genera. Distribution of the species was considerably different depending on the type of sample. Fourteen different species were identified from pasteurized single-strength orange juice that had been contaminated after pasteurization (PSOJ), while only six species were isolated from fresh-squeezed, unpasteurized orange juice (FSOJ). Among PSOJ isolates, Candida intermedia and Candida parapsilosis were the predominant species. Hanseniaspora occidentalis and Hanseniaspora uvarum represented up to 73% of total FSOJ isolates. Partial sequence of the 26S rRNA gene yielded the best results in terms of correct identification, followed by classical techniques and 5.8S-ITS analysis. The commercial identification kits RapID Yeast Plus system and API 20C AUX were able to correctly identify only 35 and 13% of the isolates, respectively. Six new 5.8S-ITS profiles were described, corresponding to Clavispora lusitaniae, Geotrichum citri-aurantii, H. occidentalis, H. vineae, Pichia fermentans, and Saccharomycopsis crataegensis. With the addition of these new profiles to the existing database, the use of 5.8S-ITS sequence became the best tool for rapid and accurate identification of yeast isolates from orange juice.

  6. YahO protein as a calibrant for top-down proteomic identification of Shiga toxin using MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS and post-source decay

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) mass spectrometry is increasingly utilized for rapid top-down proteomic identification of proteins. This identification may involve analysis of either a pure protein or a protein mixture. For analysis of a pure protein...

  7. A universal and reliable assay for molecular sex identification of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus).

    PubMed

    Toli, E-A; Calboli, F C F; Shikano, T; Merilä, J

    2016-11-01

    In heterogametic species, biological differences between the two sexes are ubiquitous, and hence, errors in sex identification can be a significant source of noise and bias in studies where sex-related sources of variation are of interest or need to be controlled for. We developed and validated a universal multimarker assay for reliable sex identification of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). The assay makes use of genotype scores from three sex-linked loci and utilizes Bayesian probabilistic inference to identify sex of the genotyped individuals. The results, validated with 286 phenotypically sexed individuals from six populations of sticklebacks representing all major genetic lineages (cf. Pacific, Atlantic and Japan Sea), indicate that in contrast to commonly used single-marker-based sex identification assays, the developed multimarker assay should be 100% accurate. As the markers in the assay can be scored from agarose gels, it provides a quick and cost-efficient tool for universal sex identification of three-spined sticklebacks. The general principle of combining information from multiple markers to improve the reliability of sex identification is transferable and can be utilized to develop and validate similar assays for other species. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  8. The University of Michigan Campus Identification Signs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor.

    Specific information, identification, and direction to and within the campus as factors determining a campus sign system are discussed in terms of--(1) needs requiring an identification sign system, (2) recommendations for initiating a comprehensive sign system for the university, and (3) application procedures as they relate to streets, walkways,…

  9. 1 CFR 18.20 - Identification of subjects in agency regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Indexing Terms. Agencies may include additional terms not contained in the Thesaurus as long as the appropriate Thesaurus terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are...

  10. 1 CFR 18.20 - Identification of subjects in agency regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Indexing Terms. Agencies may include additional terms not contained in the Thesaurus as long as the appropriate Thesaurus terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are...

  11. 1 CFR 18.20 - Identification of subjects in agency regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Indexing Terms. Agencies may include additional terms not contained in the Thesaurus as long as the appropriate Thesaurus terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are...

  12. mlCAF: Multi-Level Cross-Domain Semantic Context Fusioning for Behavior Identification.

    PubMed

    Razzaq, Muhammad Asif; Villalonga, Claudia; Lee, Sungyoung; Akhtar, Usman; Ali, Maqbool; Kim, Eun-Soo; Khattak, Asad Masood; Seung, Hyonwoo; Hur, Taeho; Bang, Jaehun; Kim, Dohyeong; Ali Khan, Wajahat

    2017-10-24

    The emerging research on automatic identification of user's contexts from the cross-domain environment in ubiquitous and pervasive computing systems has proved to be successful. Monitoring the diversified user's contexts and behaviors can help in controlling lifestyle associated to chronic diseases using context-aware applications. However, availability of cross-domain heterogeneous contexts provides a challenging opportunity for their fusion to obtain abstract information for further analysis. This work demonstrates extension of our previous work from a single domain (i.e., physical activity) to multiple domains (physical activity, nutrition and clinical) for context-awareness. We propose multi-level Context-aware Framework (mlCAF), which fuses the multi-level cross-domain contexts in order to arbitrate richer behavioral contexts. This work explicitly focuses on key challenges linked to multi-level context modeling, reasoning and fusioning based on the mlCAF open-source ontology. More specifically, it addresses the interpretation of contexts from three different domains, their fusioning conforming to richer contextual information. This paper contributes in terms of ontology evolution with additional domains, context definitions, rules and inclusion of semantic queries. For the framework evaluation, multi-level cross-domain contexts collected from 20 users were used to ascertain abstract contexts, which served as basis for behavior modeling and lifestyle identification. The experimental results indicate a context recognition average accuracy of around 92.65% for the collected cross-domain contexts.

  13. mlCAF: Multi-Level Cross-Domain Semantic Context Fusioning for Behavior Identification

    PubMed Central

    Villalonga, Claudia; Lee, Sungyoung; Akhtar, Usman; Ali, Maqbool; Kim, Eun-Soo; Khattak, Asad Masood; Seung, Hyonwoo; Hur, Taeho; Kim, Dohyeong; Ali Khan, Wajahat

    2017-01-01

    The emerging research on automatic identification of user’s contexts from the cross-domain environment in ubiquitous and pervasive computing systems has proved to be successful. Monitoring the diversified user’s contexts and behaviors can help in controlling lifestyle associated to chronic diseases using context-aware applications. However, availability of cross-domain heterogeneous contexts provides a challenging opportunity for their fusion to obtain abstract information for further analysis. This work demonstrates extension of our previous work from a single domain (i.e., physical activity) to multiple domains (physical activity, nutrition and clinical) for context-awareness. We propose multi-level Context-aware Framework (mlCAF), which fuses the multi-level cross-domain contexts in order to arbitrate richer behavioral contexts. This work explicitly focuses on key challenges linked to multi-level context modeling, reasoning and fusioning based on the mlCAF open-source ontology. More specifically, it addresses the interpretation of contexts from three different domains, their fusioning conforming to richer contextual information. This paper contributes in terms of ontology evolution with additional domains, context definitions, rules and inclusion of semantic queries. For the framework evaluation, multi-level cross-domain contexts collected from 20 users were used to ascertain abstract contexts, which served as basis for behavior modeling and lifestyle identification. The experimental results indicate a context recognition average accuracy of around 92.65% for the collected cross-domain contexts. PMID:29064459

  14. Insights in the history of pancreas: Restoring the true meaning of "kallikreas".

    PubMed

    Papavramidou, Niki

    2018-05-04

    This paper investigates the history of pancreas in classical and late antiquity with the intent to correlate it to the modern medical knowledge. Furthermore, an attempt is made to understand the true meaning of the term "kallikreas". Only primary textual sources are used in the transcription of ancient references of "pancreas" and/or "kallikreas". All of the references are analyzed and interpreted under a modern prism for better understanding the ancient anatomy proposed. The ancient references describe the actual organ, its position and the blood vessels related to it. An attempt if made to correlate the ancient physiology of the organ to the modern one. Finally, the problematic issue of the ancient terminology is studied. Textual proofs are offered that the knowledge that exists and that travelled through the ages concerning the identification of pancreas with "kallikreas", from which the hormone kallikrein took its name, is erroneous and that the term refers instead to the mesentery. Copyright © 2018 IAP and EPC. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. See–saw relationship of the Holocene East Asian–Australian summer monsoon

    PubMed Central

    Eroglu, Deniz; McRobie, Fiona H.; Ozken, Ibrahim; Stemler, Thomas; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Marwan, Norbert; Kurths, Jürgen

    2016-01-01

    The East Asian–Indonesian–Australian summer monsoon (EAIASM) links the Earth's hemispheres and provides a heat source that drives global circulation. At seasonal and inter-seasonal timescales, the summer monsoon of one hemisphere is linked via outflows from the winter monsoon of the opposing hemisphere. Long-term phase relationships between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the Indonesian–Australian summer monsoon (IASM) are poorly understood, raising questions of long-term adjustments to future greenhouse-triggered climate change and whether these changes could ‘lock in' possible IASM and EASM phase relationships in a region dependent on monsoonal rainfall. Here we show that a newly developed nonlinear time series analysis technique allows confident identification of strong versus weak monsoon phases at millennial to sub-centennial timescales. We find a see–saw relationship over the last 9,000 years—with strong and weak monsoons opposingly phased and triggered by solar variations. Our results provide insights into centennial- to millennial-scale relationships within the wider EAIASM regime. PMID:27666662

  16. Fast gene ontology based clustering for microarray experiments.

    PubMed

    Ovaska, Kristian; Laakso, Marko; Hautaniemi, Sampsa

    2008-11-21

    Analysis of a microarray experiment often results in a list of hundreds of disease-associated genes. In order to suggest common biological processes and functions for these genes, Gene Ontology annotations with statistical testing are widely used. However, these analyses can produce a very large number of significantly altered biological processes. Thus, it is often challenging to interpret GO results and identify novel testable biological hypotheses. We present fast software for advanced gene annotation using semantic similarity for Gene Ontology terms combined with clustering and heat map visualisation. The methodology allows rapid identification of genes sharing the same Gene Ontology cluster. Our R based semantic similarity open-source package has a speed advantage of over 2000-fold compared to existing implementations. From the resulting hierarchical clustering dendrogram genes sharing a GO term can be identified, and their differences in the gene expression patterns can be seen from the heat map. These methods facilitate advanced annotation of genes resulting from data analysis.

  17. See-saw relationship of the Holocene East Asian-Australian summer monsoon.

    PubMed

    Eroglu, Deniz; McRobie, Fiona H; Ozken, Ibrahim; Stemler, Thomas; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Breitenbach, Sebastian F M; Marwan, Norbert; Kurths, Jürgen

    2016-09-26

    The East Asian-Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (EAIASM) links the Earth's hemispheres and provides a heat source that drives global circulation. At seasonal and inter-seasonal timescales, the summer monsoon of one hemisphere is linked via outflows from the winter monsoon of the opposing hemisphere. Long-term phase relationships between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (IASM) are poorly understood, raising questions of long-term adjustments to future greenhouse-triggered climate change and whether these changes could 'lock in' possible IASM and EASM phase relationships in a region dependent on monsoonal rainfall. Here we show that a newly developed nonlinear time series analysis technique allows confident identification of strong versus weak monsoon phases at millennial to sub-centennial timescales. We find a see-saw relationship over the last 9,000 years-with strong and weak monsoons opposingly phased and triggered by solar variations. Our results provide insights into centennial- to millennial-scale relationships within the wider EAIASM regime.

  18. ENVIRONMENTS and EOL: identification of Environment Ontology terms in text and the annotation of the Encyclopedia of Life.

    PubMed

    Pafilis, Evangelos; Frankild, Sune P; Schnetzer, Julia; Fanini, Lucia; Faulwetter, Sarah; Pavloudi, Christina; Vasileiadou, Katerina; Leary, Patrick; Hammock, Jennifer; Schulz, Katja; Parr, Cynthia Sims; Arvanitidis, Christos; Jensen, Lars Juhl

    2015-06-01

    The association of organisms to their environments is a key issue in exploring biodiversity patterns. This knowledge has traditionally been scattered, but textual descriptions of taxa and their habitats are now being consolidated in centralized resources. However, structured annotations are needed to facilitate large-scale analyses. Therefore, we developed ENVIRONMENTS, a fast dictionary-based tagger capable of identifying Environment Ontology (ENVO) terms in text. We evaluate the accuracy of the tagger on a new manually curated corpus of 600 Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) species pages. We use the tagger to associate taxa with environments by tagging EOL text content monthly, and integrate the results into the EOL to disseminate them to a broad audience of users. The software and the corpus are available under the open-source BSD and the CC-BY-NC-SA 3.0 licenses, respectively, at http://environments.hcmr.gr. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press.

  19. Genetic DNA profile in urine and hair follicles from patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

    PubMed

    Santurtún, Ana; Riancho, José A; Santurtún, Maite; Richard, Carlos; Colorado, M Mercedes; García Unzueta, Mayte; Zarrabeitia, María T

    2017-09-01

    Biological samples from patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) constitute a challenge for individual identification. In this study we analyzed the genetic profiles (by the amplification of 15 autosomic STRs) of HSCT patients found in different types of samples (blood, hair and urine) that may be the source of DNA in civil or criminal forensic cases. Our results show that while in hair follicles the donor component was not detected in any patient, thus being a reliable source of biological material for forensic identification, mixed chimerism was detected in urine samples from all patient, and no correlation was found between the time elapsed from the transplant and the percentage of chimerism. These results certainly have practical implications if the urine is being considered as a source of DNA for identification purposes in HSTC patients. Moreover, taking into consideration that chimerism was found not only in patients with leukocyturia (given the hematopoietic origin of leukocytes, this was expected), but also in those without observable leukocytes in the sediment, we conclude that an alternative source or sources of donor DNA must be implicated. Copyright © 2017 The Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. The meaning of city noises: Investigating sound quality in Paris (France)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dubois, Daniele; Guastavino, Catherine; Maffiolo, Valerie; Guastavino, Catherine; Maffiolo, Valerie

    2004-05-01

    The sound quality of Paris (France) was investigated by using field inquiries in actual environments (open questionnaires) and using recordings under laboratory conditions (free-sorting tasks). Cognitive categories of soundscapes were inferred by means of psycholinguistic analyses of verbal data and of mathematical analyses of similarity judgments. Results show that auditory judgments mainly rely on source identification. The appraisal of urban noise therefore depends on the qualitative evaluation of noise sources. The salience of human sounds in public spaces has been demonstrated, in relation to pleasantness judgments: soundscapes with human presence tend to be perceived as more pleasant than soundscapes consisting solely of mechanical sounds. Furthermore, human sounds are qualitatively processed as indicators of human outdoor activities, such as open markets, pedestrian areas, and sidewalk cafe districts that reflect city life. In contrast, mechanical noises (mainly traffic noise) are commonly described in terms of physical properties (temporal structure, intensity) of a permanent background noise that also characterizes urban areas. This connotes considering both quantitative and qualitative descriptions to account for the diversity of cognitive interpretations of urban soundscapes, since subjective evaluations depend both on the meaning attributed to noise sources and on inherent properties of the acoustic signal.

  1. Health and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals pollution in an antimony mining region: a case study from South China.

    PubMed

    Fei, Jiang-Chi; Min, Xiao-Bo; Wang, Zhen-Xing; Pang, Zhi-Hua; Liang, Yan-Jie; Ke, Yong

    2017-12-01

    In recent years, international research on the toxicity of the heavy metal, antimony, has gradually changed focus from early medical and pharmacological toxicology to environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology. However, little research has been conducted for sources identification and risk management of heavy metals pollution by long-term antimony mining activities. In this study, a large number of investigations were conducted on the temporal and spatial distribution of antimony and related heavy metal contaminants (lead, zinc, and arsenic), as well as on the exposure risks for the population for the Yuxi river basin in the Hunan province, China. The scope of the investigations included mine water, waste rock, tailings, agricultural soil, surface water, river sediments, and groundwater sources of drinking water. Health and ecological risks from exposure to heavy metal pollution were evaluated. The main pollution sources of heavy metals in the Yuxi River basin were analyzed. Remediation programs and risk management strategies for heavy metal pollution were consequently proposed. This article provides a scientific basis for the risk assessment and management of heavy metal pollution caused by antimony basin ore mining.

  2. Multiwavelength Opportunities for GeV and TeV Telescopes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Thompson, David J.

    2010-01-01

    With AGILE and Fermi now in orbit and TeV telescopes continuing to improve their performance, a variety of multiwavelength opportunities is increasingly available. One goal of such programs is to take advantage of the complementary capabilities of the two types of telescopes: the wide field surveys of the satellite detectors and the high sensitivity and resolution of the ground-based telescopes. Some aspects of these multiwavelength efforts will be carried out in near-real-time but must be anticipated with advance preparation. These include gamma-ray burst follow-ups and flare campaigns. Other projects such as long-term variability studies and gammaray source identification require deep observations and cooperative work with astrophysicists at longer wavelengths, along with the theoretical studies that tie the observations together.

  3. Study of different filtering techniques applied to spectra from airborne gamma spectrometry

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wilhelm, Emilien; Gutierrez, Sebastien; Reboli, Anne

    2015-07-01

    One of the features of spectra obtained by airborne gamma spectrometry is low counting statistics due to the short acquisition time (1 s) and the large source-detector distance (40 m). It leads to considerable uncertainty in radionuclide identification and determination of their respective activities from the windows method recommended by the IAEA, especially for low-level radioactivity. The present work compares the results obtained with filters in terms of errors of the filtered spectra with the window method and over the whole gamma energy range. The results are used to determine which filtering technique is the most suitable in combination withmore » some method for total stripping of the spectrum. (authors)« less

  4. Framework for automatic information extraction from research papers on nanocrystal devices

    PubMed Central

    Yoshioka, Masaharu; Hara, Shinjiro; Newton, Marcus C

    2015-01-01

    Summary To support nanocrystal device development, we have been working on a computational framework to utilize information in research papers on nanocrystal devices. We developed an annotated corpus called “ NaDev” (Nanocrystal Device Development) for this purpose. We also proposed an automatic information extraction system called “NaDevEx” (Nanocrystal Device Automatic Information Extraction Framework). NaDevEx aims at extracting information from research papers on nanocrystal devices using the NaDev corpus and machine-learning techniques. However, the characteristics of NaDevEx were not examined in detail. In this paper, we conduct system evaluation experiments for NaDevEx using the NaDev corpus. We discuss three main issues: system performance, compared with human annotators; the effect of paper type (synthesis or characterization) on system performance; and the effects of domain knowledge features (e.g., a chemical named entity recognition system and list of names of physical quantities) on system performance. We found that overall system performance was 89% in precision and 69% in recall. If we consider identification of terms that intersect with correct terms for the same information category as the correct identification, i.e., loose agreement (in many cases, we can find that appropriate head nouns such as temperature or pressure loosely match between two terms), the overall performance is 95% in precision and 74% in recall. The system performance is almost comparable with results of human annotators for information categories with rich domain knowledge information (source material). However, for other information categories, given the relatively large number of terms that exist only in one paper, recall of individual information categories is not high (39–73%); however, precision is better (75–97%). The average performance for synthesis papers is better than that for characterization papers because of the lack of training examples for characterization papers. Based on these results, we discuss future research plans for improving the performance of the system. PMID:26665057

  5. Framework for automatic information extraction from research papers on nanocrystal devices.

    PubMed

    Dieb, Thaer M; Yoshioka, Masaharu; Hara, Shinjiro; Newton, Marcus C

    2015-01-01

    To support nanocrystal device development, we have been working on a computational framework to utilize information in research papers on nanocrystal devices. We developed an annotated corpus called " NaDev" (Nanocrystal Device Development) for this purpose. We also proposed an automatic information extraction system called "NaDevEx" (Nanocrystal Device Automatic Information Extraction Framework). NaDevEx aims at extracting information from research papers on nanocrystal devices using the NaDev corpus and machine-learning techniques. However, the characteristics of NaDevEx were not examined in detail. In this paper, we conduct system evaluation experiments for NaDevEx using the NaDev corpus. We discuss three main issues: system performance, compared with human annotators; the effect of paper type (synthesis or characterization) on system performance; and the effects of domain knowledge features (e.g., a chemical named entity recognition system and list of names of physical quantities) on system performance. We found that overall system performance was 89% in precision and 69% in recall. If we consider identification of terms that intersect with correct terms for the same information category as the correct identification, i.e., loose agreement (in many cases, we can find that appropriate head nouns such as temperature or pressure loosely match between two terms), the overall performance is 95% in precision and 74% in recall. The system performance is almost comparable with results of human annotators for information categories with rich domain knowledge information (source material). However, for other information categories, given the relatively large number of terms that exist only in one paper, recall of individual information categories is not high (39-73%); however, precision is better (75-97%). The average performance for synthesis papers is better than that for characterization papers because of the lack of training examples for characterization papers. Based on these results, we discuss future research plans for improving the performance of the system.

  6. IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF FECAL POLLUTION IN ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS

    EPA Science Inventory

    A number of Microbial Source Tracking (MST) methods are currently used to determine the origin of fecal pollution impacting environmental waters. MST is based on the assumption that given the appropriate method and indicator organism, the source of fecal microbial pollution can ...

  7. Development of Cross-Assembly Phage PCR-Based Methods for Human Fecal Source Identification

    EPA Science Inventory

    Technologies that can characterize human fecal pollution in environmental waters offer many advantages over traditional general indicator approaches. However, many human-associated methods cross-react with non-human animal sources and lack suitable sensitivity for fecal source id...

  8. IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MISSING AND UNACCOUNTED FOR AREA SOURCE CATEGORIES

    EPA Science Inventory

    The report identifies and characterizes missing or unaccounted for area source categories. Area source emissions of particulate matter (TSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbon monoxide (CO) are estimated annuall...

  9. 21 CFR 872.6475 - Heat source for bleaching teeth.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Heat source for bleaching teeth. 872.6475 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6475 Heat source for bleaching teeth. (a) Identification. A heat source for bleaching teeth is an AC-powered device that consists of a...

  10. 21 CFR 872.6475 - Heat source for bleaching teeth.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Heat source for bleaching teeth. 872.6475 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6475 Heat source for bleaching teeth. (a) Identification. A heat source for bleaching teeth is an AC-powered device that consists of a...

  11. 40 CFR 49.160 - Registration program for minor sources in Indian country.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Implementation Plan Provisions Federal Minor New Source Review Program in Indian Country § 49.160 Registration...) Identification and description of any existing air pollution control equipment and compliance monitoring devices.... (ii) If your true minor source is not an oil and natural gas source and you commence construction...

  12. 21 CFR 872.6475 - Heat source for bleaching teeth.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Heat source for bleaching teeth. 872.6475 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6475 Heat source for bleaching teeth. (a) Identification. A heat source for bleaching teeth is an AC-powered device that consists of a...

  13. 21 CFR 872.6475 - Heat source for bleaching teeth.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Heat source for bleaching teeth. 872.6475 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6475 Heat source for bleaching teeth. (a) Identification. A heat source for bleaching teeth is an AC-powered device that consists of a...

  14. 21 CFR 872.6475 - Heat source for bleaching teeth.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Heat source for bleaching teeth. 872.6475 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6475 Heat source for bleaching teeth. (a) Identification. A heat source for bleaching teeth is an AC-powered device that consists of a...

  15. 21 CFR 892.1380 - Nuclear flood source phantom.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Nuclear flood source phantom. 892.1380 Section 892...) MEDICAL DEVICES RADIOLOGY DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 892.1380 Nuclear flood source phantom. (a) Identification. A nuclear flood source phantom is a device that consists of a radiolucent container filled with a...

  16. 21 CFR 892.1380 - Nuclear flood source phantom.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Nuclear flood source phantom. 892.1380 Section 892...) MEDICAL DEVICES RADIOLOGY DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 892.1380 Nuclear flood source phantom. (a) Identification. A nuclear flood source phantom is a device that consists of a radiolucent container filled with a...

  17. 21 CFR 892.1380 - Nuclear flood source phantom.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Nuclear flood source phantom. 892.1380 Section 892...) MEDICAL DEVICES RADIOLOGY DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 892.1380 Nuclear flood source phantom. (a) Identification. A nuclear flood source phantom is a device that consists of a radiolucent container filled with a...

  18. 21 CFR 892.1380 - Nuclear flood source phantom.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Nuclear flood source phantom. 892.1380 Section 892...) MEDICAL DEVICES RADIOLOGY DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 892.1380 Nuclear flood source phantom. (a) Identification. A nuclear flood source phantom is a device that consists of a radiolucent container filled with a...

  19. 21 CFR 892.1380 - Nuclear flood source phantom.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Nuclear flood source phantom. 892.1380 Section 892...) MEDICAL DEVICES RADIOLOGY DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 892.1380 Nuclear flood source phantom. (a) Identification. A nuclear flood source phantom is a device that consists of a radiolucent container filled with a...

  20. An Analysis of Open Source Security Software Products Downloads

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barta, Brian J.

    2014-01-01

    Despite the continued demand for open source security software, a gap in the identification of success factors related to the success of open source security software persists. There are no studies that accurately assess the extent of this persistent gap, particularly with respect to the strength of the relationships of open source software…

  1. 21 CFR 872.1810 - Intraoral source x-ray system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Intraoral source x-ray system. 872.1810 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 872.1810 Intraoral source x-ray system. (a) Identification. An intraoral source x-ray system is an electrically powered device that produces x-rays and is...

  2. 21 CFR 872.1810 - Intraoral source x-ray system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Intraoral source x-ray system. 872.1810 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 872.1810 Intraoral source x-ray system. (a) Identification. An intraoral source x-ray system is an electrically powered device that produces x-rays and is...

  3. 21 CFR 872.1810 - Intraoral source x-ray system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Intraoral source x-ray system. 872.1810 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 872.1810 Intraoral source x-ray system. (a) Identification. An intraoral source x-ray system is an electrically powered device that produces x-rays and is...

  4. 21 CFR 872.1810 - Intraoral source x-ray system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Intraoral source x-ray system. 872.1810 Section... (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Diagnostic Devices § 872.1810 Intraoral source x-ray system. (a) Identification. An intraoral source x-ray system is an electrically powered device that produces x-rays and is...

  5. The influence of talker and foreign-accent variability on spoken word identification.

    PubMed

    Bent, Tessa; Holt, Rachael Frush

    2013-03-01

    In spoken word identification and memory tasks, stimulus variability from numerous sources impairs performance. In the current study, the influence of foreign-accent variability on spoken word identification was evaluated in two experiments. Experiment 1 used a between-subjects design to test word identification in noise in single-talker and two multiple-talker conditions: multiple talkers with the same accent and multiple talkers with different accents. Identification performance was highest in the single-talker condition, but there was no difference between the single-accent and multiple-accent conditions. Experiment 2 further explored word recognition for multiple talkers in single-accent versus multiple-accent conditions using a mixed design. A detriment to word recognition was observed in the multiple-accent condition compared to the single-accent condition, but the effect differed across the language backgrounds tested. These results demonstrate that the processing of foreign-accent variation may influence word recognition in ways similar to other sources of variability (e.g., speaking rate or style) in that the inclusion of multiple foreign accents can result in a small but significant performance decrement beyond the multiple-talker effect.

  6. Long-term memory for temporal structure: evidence form the identification of well-known and novel songs.

    PubMed

    Schulkind, M D

    1999-09-01

    In three experiments, long-term memory for temporal structure was examined by having participants identify both well-known (e.g., "I've Been Working on the Railroad") and novel songs. The target songs were subjected to a number of rhythmic alterations, to assess the importance of four critical features of identification performance. The four critical features were meter, phrasing, rhythmic contour (ordinal scaling of note durations), and the ratio of successive durations. In contrast with previous work, the unaltered version of each song was identified significantly better than any altered version. This indicates that rhythm is stored in long-term memory. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that all four critical features play a role in the identification of songs. These results held for both well-known and novel tunes.

  7. 40 CFR 62.9510 - Identification of sources.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... (CONTINUED) APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS Oregon Control... sources. The plan applies to all existing MSW landfill facilities in Oregon meeting the requirements as...

  8. Health, safety, and environmental risk assessment of steel production complex in central Iran using TOPSIS.

    PubMed

    Jozi, S A; Majd, N Moradi

    2014-10-01

    This research was carried out with the aim of presenting an environmental management plan for steel production complex (SPC) in central Iran. Following precise identification of the plant activities as well as the study area, possible sources of environmental pollution and adverse impacts on the air quality, water, soil, biological environment, socioeconomic and cultural environment, and health and safety of the employees were determined considering the work processes of the steel complex. Afterwards, noise, wastewater, and air pollution sources were measured. Subsequently, factors polluting the steel complex were identified by TOPSIS and then prioritized using Excel Software. Based on the obtained results, the operation of the furnaces in hot rolling process with the score 1, effluent derived from hot rolling process with the score 0.565, nonprincipal disposal and dumping of waste at the plant enclosure with the score 0.335, walking beam process with the score 1.483 respectively allocated themselves the highest priority in terms of air, water, soil and noise pollution. In terms of habitats, land cover and socioeconomic and cultural environment, closeness to the forest area and the existence of four groups of wildlife with the score 1.106 and proximity of villages and residential areas to the plant with the score 3.771 respectively enjoyed the highest priorities while impressibility and occupational accidents with the score 2.725 and cutting and welding operations with score 2.134 had the highest priority among health and safety criteria. Finally, strategies for the control of pollution sources were identified and Training, Monitoring and environmental management plan of the SPC was prepared.

  9. Development and application of mass spectrometric techniques for ultra-trace determination of 236U in environmental samples-A review.

    PubMed

    Bu, Wenting; Zheng, Jian; Ketterer, Michael E; Hu, Sheng; Uchida, Shigeo; Wang, Xiaolin

    2017-12-01

    Measurements of the long-lived radionuclide 236 U are an important endeavor, not only in nuclear safeguards work, but also in terms of using this emerging nuclide as a tracer in chemical oceanography, hydrology, and actinide sourcing. Depending on the properties of a sample and its neutron irradiation history, 236 U/ 238 U ratios from different sources vary significantly. Therefore, this ratio can be treated as an important fingerprint for radioactive source identification, and in particular, affords a definitive means of discriminating between naturally occurring U and specific types of anthropogenic U. The development of mass spectrometric techniques makes it possible to determine ultra-trace levels of 236 U in environmental samples. In this paper, we review the current status of mass spectrometric approaches for determination of 236 U in environmental samples. Various sample preparation methods are summarized and compared. The mass spectrometric techniques emphasized herein are thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The strategies or principles used by each technique for the analysis of 236 U are described. The performances of these techniques in terms of abundance sensitivity and detection limit are discussed in detail. To date, AMS exhibits the best capability for ultra-trace determinations of 236 U. The levels and behaviors of 236 U in various environmental media are summarized and discussed as well. Results suggest that 236 U has an important, emerging role as a tracer for geochemical studies. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  10. Streptococcus iniae, a Human and Animal Pathogen: Specific Identification by the Chaperonin 60 Gene Identification Method

    PubMed Central

    Goh, Swee Han; Driedger, David; Gillett, Sandra; Low, Donald E.; Hemmingsen, Sean M.; Amos, Mayben; Chan, David; Lovgren, Marguerite; Willey, Barbara M.; Shaw, Carol; Smith, John A.

    1998-01-01

    It was recently reported that Streptococcus iniae, a bacterial pathogen of aquatic animals, can cause serious disease in humans. Using the chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) gene identification method with reverse checkerboard hybridization and chemiluminescent detection, we identified correctly each of 12 S. iniae samples among 34 aerobic gram-positive isolates from animal and clinical human sources. PMID:9650992

  11. Virtual human versus human administration of photographic lineups.

    PubMed

    Daugherty, Brent; Babu, Sabarish; Wallendael, Lori Van; Cutler, Brian; Hodges, Larry F

    2008-01-01

    One solution to mistaken identification by a crime's victims and eyewitnesses is to use a virtual officer to conduct identification procedures. Results from a study comparing a virtual officer with a live human investigator indicate that the virtual officer performs comparably to the human in terms of identification accuracy, emotional affect, and ease of use.

  12. Who identifies with suicidal film characters? Determinants of identification with suicidal protagonists of drama films.

    PubMed

    Till, Benedikt; Herberth, Arno; Sonneck, Gernot; Vitouch, Peter; Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas

    2013-06-01

    Identification with a media character is an influential factor for the effects of a media product on the recipient, but still very little is known about this cognitive process. This study investigated to what extent identification of a recipient with the suicidal protagonist of a film drama is influenced by the similarity between them in terms of sex, age, and education as well as by the viewer's empathy and suicidality. Sixty adults were assigned randomly to one of two film groups. Both groups watched a drama that concluded with the tragic suicide of the protagonist. Identification, empathy, suicidality, as well as socio-demographic data were measured by questionnaires that were applied before and after the movie screening. Results indicated that identification was not associated with socio-demographic similarity or the viewer's suicidality. However, the greater the subjects' empathy was, the more they identified with the protagonist in one of the two films. This investigation provides evidence that challenges the common assumption that identification with a film character is automatically generated when viewer and protagonist are similar in terms of sex, age, education or attitude.

  13. First experiences in the implementation of biometric technology to link data from Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems with health facility data

    PubMed Central

    Serwaa-Bonsu, Adwoa; Herbst, Abraham J.; Reniers, Georges; Ijaa, Wilfred; Clark, Benjamin; Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa; Sankoh, Osman

    2010-01-01

    Background In developing countries, Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) provide a framework for tracking demographic and health dynamics over time in a defined geographical area. Many HDSSs co-exist with facility-based data sources in the form of Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). Integrating both data sources through reliable record linkage could provide both numerator and denominator populations to estimate disease prevalence and incidence rates in the population and enable determination of accurate health service coverage. Objective To measure the acceptability and performance of fingerprint biometrics to identify individuals in demographic surveillance populations and those attending health care facilities serving the surveillance populations. Methodology Two HDSS sites used fingerprint biometrics for patient and/or surveillance population participant identification. The proportion of individuals for whom a fingerprint could be successfully enrolled were characterised in terms of age and sex. Results Adult (18–65 years) fingerprint enrolment rates varied between 94.1% (95% CI 93.6–94.5) for facility-based fingerprint data collection at the Africa Centre site to 96.7% (95% CI 95.9–97.6) for population-based fingerprint data collection at the Agincourt site. Fingerprint enrolment rates in children under 1 year old (Africa Centre site) were only 55.1% (95% CI 52.7–57.4). By age 5, child fingerprint enrolment rates were comparable to those of adults. Conclusion This work demonstrates the feasibility of fingerprint-based individual identification for population-based research in developing countries. Record linkage between demographic surveillance population databases and health care facility data based on biometric identification systems would allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of population health, including the ability to study health service utilisation from a population perspective, rather than the more restrictive health service perspective. PMID:20200659

  14. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

    MedlinePlus

    ... Time and International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) PSEN1 Quantitative Immunoglobulins Red Blood Cell (RBC) Antibody Identification Red ... View Sources NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well ...

  15. Cardiac Risk Assessment

    MedlinePlus

    ... Time and International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) PSEN1 Quantitative Immunoglobulins Red Blood Cell (RBC) Antibody Identification Red ... View Sources NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well ...

  16. Legionellosis: a Walk-through to Identification of the Source of Infection.

    PubMed

    Chochlakis, Dimosthenis; Sandalakis, Vassilios; Keramarou, Maria; Tselentis, Yannis; Psaroulaki, Anna

    2017-09-01

    Although a number of human Legionnaires' disease in tourists are recorded annually in Europe, there are few cases where a direct link can be made between the infected person and the source of infection (hotel or other accommodation). We present a scheme followed in order to track down and identify the source of infection in a tourist suffering from L. pneumophila sg 5 infection, who was accommodated in seven different hotels during his holidays in the island of Crete, and we comment on various difficulties and draw-backs of the process. Water samples were collected from the seven hotels where the patient had resided and analyzed at the regional public health laboratory using cultivation and molecular tests. Of 103 water samples analyzed, 19 (18.4%) were positive for Legionella non-pneumophila and 8 (7.8%) were positive for L. pneumophila. A successful L. pneumophila sg 5 match was found between the clinical and environmental sample, which led us to the final identification of the liable hotel. Timely notification of the case, within the the European Legionnaires' Disease Surveillance Network (ELDSNet) of the partners involved, is crucial during a course of travel associated with Legionella case investigation. Moreover, the urinary antigen test alone cannot provide sufficient information for the source identification. However, acquiring clinical as well as environmental isolates for serogroup and SBT identification is highly important for the successful matching. Copyright© by the National Institute of Public Health, Prague 2017

  17. ProteoCloud: a full-featured open source proteomics cloud computing pipeline.

    PubMed

    Muth, Thilo; Peters, Julian; Blackburn, Jonathan; Rapp, Erdmann; Martens, Lennart

    2013-08-02

    We here present the ProteoCloud pipeline, a freely available, full-featured cloud-based platform to perform computationally intensive, exhaustive searches in a cloud environment using five different peptide identification algorithms. ProteoCloud is entirely open source, and is built around an easy to use and cross-platform software client with a rich graphical user interface. This client allows full control of the number of cloud instances to initiate and of the spectra to assign for identification. It also enables the user to track progress, and to visualize and interpret the results in detail. Source code, binaries and documentation are all available at http://proteocloud.googlecode.com. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Elemental composition of airborne particulates and source identification - An extensive one year survey. [in Cleveland, OH

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    King, R. B.; Fordyce, J. S.; Antoine, A. C.; Leibecki, H. F.; Neustadter, H. E.; Sidik, S. M.

    1976-01-01

    Concentrations of 60 chemical elements in the airborne particulate matter were measured at 16 sites in Cleveland, OH over a 1 year period during 1971 and 1972 (45 to 50 sampling days). Analytical methods used included instrumental neutron activation, emission spectroscopy, and combustion techniques. Uncertainties in the concentrations associated with the sampling procedures, the analytical methods, the use of several analytical facilities, and samples with concentrations below the detection limits are evaluated in detail. The data are discussed in relation to other studies and source origins. The trace constituent concentrations as a function of wind direction are used to suggest a practical method for air pollution source identification.

  19. The identification of Volatile Organic Compound's emission sources in indoor air of living spaces, offices and laboratories

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kultys, Beata

    2018-01-01

    Indoor air quality is important because people spend most of their time in closed rooms. If volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present at elevated concentrations, they may cause a deterioration in human well-being or health. The identification of indoor emission sources is carried out by comparison indoor and outdoor air composition. The aim of the study was to determinate the concentration of VOCs in indoor air, where there was a risk of elevated levels due to the kind of work type carried out or the users complained about the symptoms of a sick building followed by an appropriate interpretation of the results to determine whether the source of the emission in the tested room occurs. The air from residential, office and laboratory was tested in this study. The identification of emission sources was based on comparison of indoor and outdoor VOCs concentration and their correlation coefficients. The concentration of VOCs in all the rooms were higher or at a similar level to that of the air sampled at the same time outside the building. Human activity, in particular repair works and experiments with organic solvents, has the greatest impact on deterioration of air quality.

  20. Fast Identification of Methane and Other Atmospheric Contaminant Sources in Complex Urban Settings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jacobson, G. A.; Crosson, E.; Tan, S. M.

    2012-12-01

    The identification and quantification of greenhouse gas emissions (fluxes) from urban centers have become of increasing interest over the last few years. This interest is driven by recent measurements indicating that urban emissions are a significant source of methane (CH4) and in fact may be substantially higher than current inventory estimates(1). Urban CH4 emissions could contribute 7-15% to the global anthropogenic budget of methane. Although it is known that the per capita carbon footprint of compact cities, such as New York City, Boston, and San Francisco, are smaller than sprawling cities, such as Houston, the strengths of individual sources within these cities are not well known. Such information is of use to policy makers because it can be used to incentivize changes in transportation and land use patterns. The work discussed here will highlight a vehicle-based methodology for characterizing urban emissions that enables extremely fast identification of methane sources in complex urban settings. Measurements were taken while driving at speeds from 20 to 40 miles per hour in stop and go traffic and were able to not only identify methane plumes but in addition, provide information about the location of the sources generating these methane plumes. Results showed that a large number of highly localized methane sources were found in Boston and San Francisco. For example, leaks from natural gas production, transmission and distribution lines were found in both cities. Flux chamber measurements of these leaks indicate that the methane flux ranged from 40 to 300 standard cubic feet of natural gas per day. For reference, the average American home uses approximately 200-300 cubic feet of natural gas per day. These leaks increase cost to natural gas suppliers, add to greenhouse gas concentrations, and in extreme cases pose a safety hazard. In this work, results showing the identification, location, and quantifying methane sources in urban settings will be presented. We will also present how these techniques could be extended for use in further identification of urban emissions, for example, by measuring H2S produced by sewage, landfills or industrial processes. (1) Wunch, D., P.O. Wennberg, G.C. Toon, G. Keppel-Aleks, and Y.G. Yavin, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from a North American Megacity, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 36, L15810, doi:10.1029/2009GL)39825, 2009.; Mobile methane survey results showing how plume signatures can be used to identify natural gas leaks as a source of methane.

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