Turkish meteor surveillance systems and network: Impact craters and meteorites database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Unsalan, O.; Ozel, M. E.; Derman, I. E.; Terzioglu, Z.; Kaygisiz, E.; Temel, T.; Topoyan, D.; Solmaz, A.; Yilmaz Kocahan, O.; Esenoglu, H. H.; Emrahoglu, N.; Yilmaz, A.; Yalcinkaya, B. O.

2014-07-01

In our project, we aim toward constructing Turkish Meteor Surveillance Systems and Network in Turkey. For this goal, video observational systems from SonotaCo (Japan) were chosen. Meteors are going to be observed with the specific cameras, their orbits will be calculated by the software from SonotaCo, and the places where they will be falling / impacting will be examined by field trips. The collected meteorites will be investigated by IR-Raman Spectroscopic techniques and SEM-EDX analyses in order to setup a database. On the other hand, according to our Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, there are huge amounts of reports of falls for the past centuries. In order to treat these data properly, it is obvious that processing systems should be constructed and developed.

THE NASA AMES PAH IR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE VERSION 2.00: UPDATED CONTENT, WEB SITE, AND ON(OFF)LINE TOOLS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Boersma, C.; Mattioda, A. L.; Allamandola, L. J.

A significantly updated version of the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database, the first major revision since its release in 2010, is presented. The current version, version 2.00, contains 700 computational and 75 experimental spectra compared, respectively, with 583 and 60 in the initial release. The spectra span the 2.5-4000 μm (4000-2.5 cm{sup -1}) range. New tools are available on the site that allow one to analyze spectra in the database and compare them with imported astronomical spectra as well as a suite of IDL object classes (a collection of programs utilizing IDL's object-oriented programming capabilities) that permit offline analysismore » called the AmesPAHdbIDLSuite. Most noteworthy among the additions are the extension of the computational spectroscopic database to include a number of significantly larger polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the ability to visualize the molecular atomic motions corresponding to each vibrational mode, and a new tool that allows one to perform a non-negative least-squares fit of an imported astronomical spectrum with PAH spectra in the computational database. Finally, a methodology is described in the Appendix, and implemented using the AmesPAHdbIDLSuite, that allows the user to enforce charge balance during the fitting procedure.« less

Evaluation of spectroscopic databases through radiative transfer simulations compared to observations. Application to the validation of GEISA 2015 with IASI and TCCON

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Armante, Raymond; Scott, Noelle; Crevoisier, Cyril; Capelle, Virginie; Crepeau, Laurent; Jacquinet, Nicole; Chédin, Alain

2016-09-01

The quality of spectroscopic parameters that serve as input to forward radiative transfer models are essential to fully exploit remote sensing of Earth atmosphere. However, the process of updating spectroscopic databases in order to provide the users with a database that insures an optimal characterization of spectral properties of molecular absorption for radiative transfer modeling is challenging. The evaluation of the databases content and the underlying choices made by the managing team is thus a crucial step. Here, we introduce an original and powerful approach for evaluating spectroscopic parameters: the Spectroscopic Parameters And Radiative Transfer Evaluation (SPARTE) chain. The SPARTE chain relies on the comparison between forward radiative transfer simulations made by the 4A radiative transfer model and observations of spectra made from various observations collocated over several thousands of well-characterized atmospheric situations. Averaging the resulting 'calculated-observed spectral' residuals minimizes the random errors coming from both the radiometric noise of the instruments and the imperfect description of the atmospheric state. The SPARTE chain can be used to evaluate any spectroscopic databases, from the visible to the microwave, using any type of remote sensing observations (ground-based, airborne or space-borne). We show that the comparison of the shape of the residuals enables: (i) identifying incorrect line parameters (line position, intensity, width, pressure shift, etc.), even for molecules for which interferences between the lines have to be taken into account; (ii) proposing revised values, in cooperation with contributing teams; and (iii) validating the final updated parameters. In particular, we show that the simultaneous availability of two databases such as GEISA and HITRAN helps identifying remaining issues in each database. The SPARTE chain has been here applied to the validation of the update of GEISA-2015 in 2 spectral regions of particular interest for several currently exploited or planned Earth space missions: the thermal infrared domain and the short-wave infrared domain, for which observations from the space-borne IASI instrument and from the ground-based FTS instruments at the Parkfalls TCCON site are used respectively. Main results include: (i) the validation of the positions and intensities of line parameters, with overall significantly lower residuals for GEISA-2015 than for GEISA-2011 and (iii) the validation of the choice made on the parameters (such as pressure shift and air-broadened width) which has not been given by the provider but completed by ourselves. For example, comparisons between residuals obtained with GEISA-2015 and HITRAN-2012 have highlighted a specific issue with some HWHM values in the latter that can be clearly identified on the 'calculated-observed' residuals.

The frequency and distribution of high-velocity gas in the Galaxy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nichols, Joy S.

1995-01-01

The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency and distribution of high-velocity gas in the Galaxy using UV absorption line measurements from archival high-dispersion IUE spectra and to identify particularly interesting regions for future study. Approximately 500 spectra have been examined. The study began with the creation of a database of all 0 and B stars with b less than or = to 30 deg observed with IUE at high dispersion over its 18-year lifetime. The original database of 2500 unique objects was reduced to 1200 objects which had optimal exposures available. The next task was to determine the distances of these stars so the high-velocity structures could be mapped in the Galaxy. Spectroscopic distances were calculated for each star for which photometry was available. The photometry was acquired for each star using the SIMBAD database. Preference was given to the ubvy system where available; otherwise the UBV system was used.

Constraining the Structure of Hot Jupiter Atmospheres Using a Hybrid Version of the NEMESIS Retrieval Algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Badhan, Mahmuda A.; Mandell, Avi M.; Hesman, Brigette; Nixon, Conor; Deming, Drake; Irwin, Patrick; Barstow, Joanna; Garland, Ryan

2015-11-01

Understanding the formation environments and evolution scenarios of planets in nearby planetary systems requires robust measures for constraining their atmospheric physical properties. Here we have utilized a combination of two different parameter retrieval approaches, Optimal Estimation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo, as part of the well-validated NEMESIS atmospheric retrieval code, to infer a range of temperature profiles and molecular abundances of H2O, CO2, CH4 and CO from available dayside thermal emission observations of several hot-Jupiter candidates. In order to keep the number of parameters low and henceforth retrieve more plausible profile shapes, we have used a parametrized form of the temperature profile based upon an analytic radiative equilibrium derivation in Guillot et al. 2010 (Line et al. 2012, 2014). We show retrieval results on published spectroscopic and photometric data from both the Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer missions, and compare them with simulations from the upcoming JWST mission. In addition, since NEMESIS utilizes correlated distribution of absorption coefficients (k-distribution) amongst atmospheric layers to compute these models, updates to spectroscopic databases can impact retrievals quite significantly for such high-temperature atmospheres. As high-temperature line databases are continually being improved, we also compare retrievals between old and newer databases.

Atomic Spectroscopic Databases at NIST

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reader, J.; Kramida, A. E.; Ralchenko, Yu.

2006-01-01

We describe recent work at NIST to develop and maintain databases for spectra, transition probabilities, and energy levels of atoms that are astrophysically important. Our programs to critically compile these data as well as to develop a new database to compare plasma calculations for atoms that are not in local thermodynamic equilibrium are also summarized.

Information System through ANIS at CeSAM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moreau, C.; Agneray, F.; Gimenez, S.

2015-09-01

ANIS (AstroNomical Information System) is a web generic tool developed at CeSAM to facilitate and standardize the implementation of astronomical data of various kinds through private and/or public dedicated Information Systems. The architecture of ANIS is composed of a database server which contains the project data, a web user interface template which provides high level services (search, extract and display imaging and spectroscopic data using a combination of criteria, an object list, a sql query module or a cone search interfaces), a framework composed of several packages, and a metadata database managed by a web administration entity. The process to implement a new ANIS instance at CeSAM is easy and fast : the scientific project has to submit data or a data secure access, the CeSAM team installs the new instance (web interface template and the metadata database), and the project administrator can configure the instance with the web ANIS-administration entity. Currently, the CeSAM offers through ANIS a web access to VO compliant Information Systems for different projects (HeDaM, HST-COSMOS, CFHTLS-ZPhots, ExoDAT,...).

The HITRAN2016 molecular spectroscopic database

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Hill, C.

This paper describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is comprised of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additionalmore » absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 200 additional significant molecules have been added to the database.« less

The NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database: Computational Version 3.00 with Updated Content and the Introduction of Multiple Scaling Factors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bauschlicher, Charles W., Jr.; Ricca, A.; Boersma, C.; Allamandola, L. J.

2018-02-01

Version 3.00 of the library of computed spectra in the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database (PAHdb) is described. Version 3.00 introduces the use of multiple scale factors, instead of the single scaling factor used previously, to align the theoretical harmonic frequencies with the experimental fundamentals. The use of multiple scale factors permits the use of a variety of basis sets; this allows new PAH species to be included in the database, such as those containing oxygen, and yields an improved treatment of strained species and those containing nitrogen. In addition, the computed spectra of 2439 new PAH species have been added. The impact of these changes on the analysis of an astronomical spectrum through database-fitting is considered and compared with a fit using Version 2.00 of the library of computed spectra. Finally, astronomical constraints are defined for the PAH spectral libraries in PAHdb.

High performance direct absorption spectroscopy of pure and binary mixture hydrocarbon gases in the 6-11 μm range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heinrich, Robert; Popescu, Alexandru; Hangauer, Andreas; Strzoda, Rainer; Höfling, Sven

2017-08-01

The availability of accurate and fast hydrocarbon analyzers, capable of real-time operation while enabling feedback-loops, would lead to a paradigm change in the petro-chemical industry. Primarily gas chromatographs measure the composition of hydrocarbon process streams. Due to sophisticated gas sampling, these analyzers are limited in response time. As hydrocarbons absorb in the mid-infrared spectral range, the employment of fast spectroscopic systems is highly attractive due to significantly reduced maintenance costs and the capability to setup real-time process control. New developments in mid-infrared laser systems pave the way for the development of high-performance analyzers provided that accurate spectral models are available for multi-species detection. In order to overcome current deficiencies in the availability of spectroscopic data, we developed a laser-based setup covering the 6-11 μm wavelength range. The presented system is designated as laboratory reference system. Its spectral accuracy is at least 6.6× 10^{-3} cm^{-1} with a precision of 3× 10^{-3} cm^{-1}. With a "per point" minimum detectable absorption of 1.3× 10^{-3} cm^{-1} Hz^{{-}{1/2}} it allows us to perform systematic measurements of hydrocarbon spectra of the first 7 alkanes under conditions which are not tabulated in spectroscopic database. We exemplify the system performance with measured direct absorption spectra of methane, propane, iso-butane, and a mixture of methane and propane.

High-Resolution Photoionization, Photoelectron and Photodissociation Studies. Determination of Accurate Energetic and Spectroscopic Database for Combustion Radicals and Molecules

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ng, Cheuk-Yiu

2016-04-25

The main goal of this research program was to obtain accurate thermochemical and spectroscopic data, such as ionization energies (IEs), 0 K bond dissociation energies, 0 K heats of formation, and spectroscopic constants for radicals and molecules and their ions of relevance to combustion chemistry. Two unique, generally applicable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser photoion-photoelectron apparatuses have been developed in our group, which have used for high-resolution photoionization, photoelectron, and photodissociation studies for many small molecules of combustion relevance.

Small Molecules-Big Data.

PubMed

Császár, Attila G; Furtenbacher, Tibor; Árendás, Péter

2016-11-17

Quantum mechanics builds large-scale graphs (networks): the vertices are the discrete energy levels the quantum system possesses, and the edges are the (quantum-mechanically allowed) transitions. Parts of the complete quantum mechanical networks can be probed experimentally via high-resolution, energy-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The complete rovibronic line list information for a given molecule can only be obtained through sophisticated quantum-chemical computations. Experiments as well as computations yield what we call spectroscopic networks (SN). First-principles SNs of even small, three to five atomic molecules can be huge, qualifying for the big data description. Besides helping to interpret high-resolution spectra, the network-theoretical view offers several ideas for improving the accuracy and robustness of the increasingly important information systems containing line-by-line spectroscopic data. For example, the smallest number of measurements necessary to perform to obtain the complete list of energy levels is given by the minimum-weight spanning tree of the SN and network clustering studies may call attention to "weakest links" of a spectroscopic database. A present-day application of spectroscopic networks is within the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) approach, whereby the transitions information on a measured SN is turned into experimental energy levels via a weighted linear least-squares refinement. MARVEL has been used successfully for 15 molecules and allowed to validate most of the transitions measured and come up with energy levels with well-defined and realistic uncertainties. Accurate knowledge of the energy levels with computed transition intensities allows the realistic prediction of spectra under many different circumstances, e.g., for widely different temperatures. Detailed knowledge of the energy level structure of a molecule coming from a MARVEL analysis is important for a considerable number of modeling efforts in chemistry, physics, and engineering.

Spectroscopic data for an astronomy database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parkinson, W. H.; Smith, Peter L.

1995-01-01

Very few of the atomic and molecular data used in analyses of astronomical spectra are currently available in World Wide Web (WWW) databases that are searchable with hypertext browsers. We have begun to rectify this situation by making extensive atomic data files available with simple search procedures. We have also established links to other on-line atomic and molecular databases. All can be accessed from our database homepage with URL: http:// cfa-www.harvard.edu/ amp/ data/ amdata.html.

Final Results of Shuttle MMOD Impact Database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hyde, J. L.; Christiansen, E. L.; Lear, D. M.

2015-01-01

The Shuttle Hypervelocity Impact Database documents damage features on each Orbiter thought to be from micrometeoroids (MM) or orbital debris (OD). Data is divided into tables for crew module windows, payload bay door radiators and thermal protection systems along with other miscellaneous regions. The combined number of records in the database is nearly 3000. Each database record provides impact feature dimensions, location on the vehicle and relevant mission information. Additional detail on the type and size of particle that produced the damage site is provided when sampling data and definitive spectroscopic analysis results are available. Guidelines are described which were used in determining whether impact damage is from micrometeoroid or orbital debris impact based on the findings from scanning electron microscopy chemical analysis. Relationships assumed when converting from observed feature sizes in different shuttle materials to particle sizes will be presented. A small number of significant impacts on the windows, radiators and wing leading edge will be highlighted and discussed in detail, including the hypervelocity impact testing performed to estimate particle sizes that produced the damage.

The Russian effort in establishing large atomic and molecular databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Presnyakov, Leonid P.

1998-07-01

The database activities in Russia have been developed in connection with UV and soft X-ray spectroscopic studies of extraterrestrial and laboratory (magnetically confined and laser-produced) plasmas. Two forms of database production are used: i) a set of computer programs to calculate radiative and collisional data for the general atom or ion, and ii) development of numeric database systems with the data stored in the computer. The first form is preferable for collisional data. At the Lebedev Physical Institute, an appropriate set of the codes has been developed. It includes all electronic processes at collision energies from the threshold up to the relativistic limit. The ion -atom (and -ion) collisional data are calculated with the methods developed recently. The program for the calculations of the level populations and line intensities is used for spectrical diagnostics of transparent plasmas. The second form of database production is widely used at the Institute of Physico-Technical Measurements (VNIIFTRI), and the Troitsk Center: the Institute of Spectroscopy and TRINITI. The main results obtained at the centers above are reviewed. Plans for future developments jointly with international collaborations are discussed.

Data Processing Factory for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stoughton, Christopher; Adelman, Jennifer; Annis, James T.; Hendry, John; Inkmann, John; Jester, Sebastian; Kent, Steven M.; Kuropatkin, Nickolai; Lee, Brian; Lin, Huan; Peoples, John, Jr.; Sparks, Robert; Tucker, Douglas; Vanden Berk, Dan; Yanny, Brian; Yocum, Dan

2002-12-01

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data handling presents two challenges: large data volume and timely production of spectroscopic plates from imaging data. A data processing factory, using technologies both old and new, handles this flow. Distribution to end users is via disk farms, to serve corrected images and calibrated spectra, and a database, to efficiently process catalog queries. For distribution of modest amounts of data from Apache Point Observatory to Fermilab, scripts use rsync to update files, while larger data transfers are accomplished by shipping magnetic tapes commercially. All data processing pipelines are wrapped in scripts to address consecutive phases: preparation, submission, checking, and quality control. We constructed the factory by chaining these pipelines together while using an operational database to hold processed imaging catalogs. The science database catalogs all imaging and spectroscopic object, with pointers to the various external files associated with them. Diverse computing systems address particular processing phases. UNIX computers handle tape reading and writing, as well as calibration steps that require access to a large amount of data with relatively modest computational demands. Commodity CPUs process steps that require access to a limited amount of data with more demanding computations requirements. Disk servers optimized for cost per Gbyte serve terabytes of processed data, while servers optimized for disk read speed run SQLServer software to process queries on the catalogs. This factory produced data for the SDSS Early Data Release in June 2001, and it is currently producing Data Release One, scheduled for January 2003.

Experimental study of H2O spectroscopic parameters in the near-IR (6940 7440 cm-1) for gas sensing applications at elevated temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xiang; Zhou, Xin; Jeffries, Jay B.; Hanson, Ronald K.

2007-02-01

Tunable diode laser (TDL) absorption sensors of water vapor are attractive for temperature, gas composition, velocity, pressure, and mass flux measurements in a variety of practical applications including hydrocarbon-fueled combustion systems. Optimized design of these sensors requires a complete catalog of the assigned transitions with accurate spectroscopic data; our particular interest has been in the 2ν1, 2ν3, and ν1+ν3 bands in the near-IR where telecommunications diode lasers are available. In support of this need, fully resolved absorption spectra of H2O vapor in the spectral range of 6940 7440 cm-1 (1344 1441 nm) have been measured as a function of temperature (296 1000 K) and pressure (1 800 Torr), and quantitative spectroscopic parameters inferred from these spectra compared to published data from Toth, HITRAN 2000 and HITRAN 2004. The peak absorbances were measured for more than 100 strong transitions at 296 and 828 K, and linestrengths determined for 47 strong lines in this region. In addition to reference linestrengths S(296 K), the air-broadening coefficients γair(296 K) and temperature exponents n were inferred for strong transitions in five narrow regions, near 7185.60, 7203.89, 7405.11, 7426.14 and 7435.62 cm-1 that had been targeted as attractive for future diagnostics applications. Most of the measured results, determined within an accuracy of 5%, are found to be in better agreement with HITRAN 2004 than with earlier editions of this database. Large discrepancies (>10%) between measurements and HITRAN 2004 database are identified for some of the probed transitions. These new spectroscopic data for H2O provide a useful test of the sensor design capabilities of HITRAN 2004 for combustion and other applications at elevated temperatures.

High sensitivity CRDS of CO2 in the 1.74 μm transparency window. A validation test for the spectroscopic databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Čermák, P.; Karlovets, E. V.; Mondelain, D.; Kassi, S.; Perevalov, V. I.; Campargue, A.

2018-03-01

The very weak absorption spectrum of natural CO2 near 1.74 μm (5702-5879 cm-1) is studied at high sensitivity. The investigated region corresponds to a transparency window of very weak opacity which is of particular interest for Venus. Very weak lines with intensity value as low as 10-30 cm/molecule at 296 K are detected by Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy. On the basis of the predictions of effective Hamiltonian models, 1135 lines of six carbon dioxide isotopologues - 12C16O2, 13C16O2, 16O12C18O, 16O12C17O, 16O13C18O and 16O13C17O - were rovibrationnally assigned to 26 bands. The accurate spectroscopic parameters of 16 bands are determined from standard band-by-band analysis (typical rms deviations of the line positions are 8 × 10-4 cm-1). These newly observed bands include perturbed bands, weak hot bands and bands of minor isotopologues (in particular 16O12C18O in natural abundance) and provide critical validation tests for the most recent spectroscopic databases. The comparison to the Carbon Dioxide Spectroscopic Databank (CDSD), HITRAN2016 database and recent ab initio line lists is presented. Deficiencies are evidenced for some weak perpendicular bands of the HITRAN2016 list and identified as due to inaccurate CDSD intensities which were preferred to ab initio intensities. While Ames and UCL ab initio intensities are believed to be accurate within a few % for the strong unperturbed bands, the reported measurements allow testing important (>50%) differences between ab initio values of some weak perturbed bands.

HITRAN2016: Part I. Line lists for H_2O, CO_2, O_3, N_2O, CO, CH_4, and O_2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Tan, Yan; Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian

2017-06-01

The HITRAN2016 database is now officially released. Plethora of experimental and theoretical molecular spectroscopic data were collected, evaluated and vetted before compiling the new edition of the database. The database is now distributed through the dynamic user interface HITRANonline (available at www.hitran.org) which offers many flexible options for browsing and downloading the data. In addition HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI) offers modern ways to download the HITRAN data and use it to carry out sophisticated calculations. The line-by-line lists for almost all of the 47 HITRAN molecules were updated in comparison with the previous compilation (HITRAN2012. Some of the most important updates for major atmospheric absorbers, such as H_2O, CO_2, O_3, N_2O, CO, CH_4, and O_2, will be presented in this talk, while the trace gases will be presented in the next talk by Y. Tan. The HITRAN2016 database now provides alternative line-shape representations for a number of molecules, as well as broadening by gases dominant in planetary atmospheres. In addition, substantial extension and improvement of cross-section data is featured, which will be described in a dedicated talk by R. V. Kochanov. The new edition of the database is a substantial step forward to improve retrievals of the planetary atmospheric constituents in comparison with previous editions, while offering new ways of working with the data. The HITRAN database is supported by the NASA AURA and PDART program grants NNX14AI55G and NNX16AG51G. I. E. Gordon, L. S. Rothman, C. Hill, R. V. Kochanov, Y. Tan, et al. The HITRAN2016 Molecular Spectroscopic Database. JQSRT 2017;submitted. Many spectroscopists and atmospheric scientists worldwide have contributed data to the database or provided invaluable validations. C. Hill, I. E. Gordon, R. V. Kochanov, L. Barrett, J.S. Wilzewski, L.S. Rothman, JQSRT. 177 (2016) 4-14 R.V. Kochanov, I. E. Gordon, L. S. Rothman, P. Wcislo, C. Hill, J. S. Wilzewski, JQSRT. 177 (2016) 15-30. L. S. Rothman, I. E. Gordon et al. The HITRAN2012 Molecular Spectroscopic Database. JQSRT, 113 (2013) 4-50.

Methane and water spectroscopic database for TROPOMI/Sentinel-5 Precursor in the 2.3 μm region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Birk, Manfred; Wagner, Georg; Loos, Joep; Wilzewski, Jonas; Mondelain, Didier; Campargue, Alain; Hase, Frank; Orphal, Johannes; Perrin, Agnes; Tran, Ha; Daumont, Ludovic; Rotger-Languereau, Maud; Bigazzi, Alberto; Zehner, Claus

2017-04-01

The ESA project „SEOM-Improved Atmospheric Spectroscopy Databases (IAS)" will improve the spectroscopic database for retrieval of the data products CO, CH4, O3 and SO2 column amounts measured by the TROPOMI instrument (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) aboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor. The project was launched in February 2014 with 3 years duration extended to 4 years recently. The spectroscopy of CO, CH4 and O3 in the 2.3 μm region is covered first while UV measurements of SO2 and UV/FIR/IR measurements of ozone will be carried out later. Measurements were mainly taken with a high resolution Fourier Transform spectrometer combined with a coolable multi reflection cell. Cavity ring down measurements served for validation. The analysis has been completed. A clear improvement can be seen when using the new data for CH4, H2O and CO retrieval from ground-based high resolution solar occultation measurements obtained with instrumentation in the TCCON and NDACC network.

Calibration method for spectroscopic systems

DOEpatents

Sandison, David R.

1998-01-01

Calibration spots of optically-characterized material placed in the field of view of a spectroscopic system allow calibration of the spectroscopic system. Response from the calibration spots is measured and used to calibrate for varying spectroscopic system operating parameters. The accurate calibration achieved allows quantitative spectroscopic analysis of responses taken at different times, different excitation conditions, and of different targets.

Calibration method for spectroscopic systems

DOEpatents

Sandison, D.R.

1998-11-17

Calibration spots of optically-characterized material placed in the field of view of a spectroscopic system allow calibration of the spectroscopic system. Response from the calibration spots is measured and used to calibrate for varying spectroscopic system operating parameters. The accurate calibration achieved allows quantitative spectroscopic analysis of responses taken at different times, different excitation conditions, and of different targets. 3 figs.

T.D.S. spectroscopic databank for spherical tops: DOS version

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tyuterev, V. G.; Babikov, Yu. L.; Tashkun, S. A.; Perevalov, V. I.; Nikitin, A.; Champion, J.-P.; Wenger, C.; Pierre, C.; Pierre, G.; Hilico, J.-C.; Loete, M.

1994-10-01

T.D.S. (Traitement de Donnees Spectroscopiques or Tomsk-Dijon-Spectroscopy project) is a computer package concerned with high resolution spectroscopy of spherical top molecules like CH4, CF4, SiH4, SiF4, SnH4, GeH4, SF6, etc. T.D.S. contains information, fundamental spectroscopic data (energies, transition moments, spectroscopic constants) recovered from comprehensive modeling and simultaneous fitting of experimental spectra, and associated software written in C. The T.D.S. goal is to provide an access to all available information on vibration-rotation molecular states and transitions including various spectroscopic processes (Stark, Raman, etc.) under extended conditions based on extrapolations of laboratory measurements using validated theoretical models. Applications for T.D.S. may include: education/training in molecular physics, quantum chemistry, laser physics; spectroscopic applications (analysis, laser spectroscopy, atmospheric optics, optical standards, spectroscopic atlases); applications to environment studies and atmospheric physics (remote sensing); data supply for specific databases; and to photochemistry (laser excitation, multiphoton processes). The reported DOS-version is designed for IBM and compatible personal computers.

Atomic Data for the CHIANTI Database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhatia, Anand K.; Landi, E.

2012-01-01

The CHIANTI spectral code consists of an atomic database and a suite of computer programs to calculate the optically thin spectrum of astrophysical objects and to carry out spectroscopic plasma diagnostics. The database includes atomic energy levels, wavelengths, radiative transition rates, collisional excitation, ionization and recombination rate coefficients, as well as data to calculate free-free, free-bound and two-photon continuum emission. In recent years, we have been pursuing a program to calculate atomic data for ions whose lines have been observed in astrophysical spectra but have been neglected in the literature, and to provide CHIANTI with all the data necessary to predict line intensities. There are two types of such ions: those for which calculations are available for low-energy configurations but not for high-energy configurations (i.e., C-like, N-like, O-like systems), and ions that have never or only seldom been studied. This poster will summarize the current status of this project and indicate the future activities .

Are your spectroscopic data being used?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Iouli E.; Potterbusch, Megan R.; Bouquin, Daina; Erdmann, Christopher C.; Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Rothman, Laurence S.

2016-09-01

The issue of availability of data and their presentation in spectroscopic publications is discussed. Different current practices are critically reviewed from the point of view of potential users, government policies, and merit of success of the authors. Indeed, properly providing the data benefits not only users but also the authors of the spectroscopic research. We will show that this increases citations to the spectroscopy papers and visibility of the research groups. Examples based on the statistical analyses of the articles published in the Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy will be shown. We will discuss different methods including supplementary materials to the Journals, public-curated databases and also new tools that can be utilized by spectroscopists.

The 2015 edition of the GEISA spectroscopic database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jacquinet-Husson, N.; Armante, R.; Scott, N. A.; Chédin, A.; Crépeau, L.; Boutammine, C.; Bouhdaoui, A.; Crevoisier, C.; Capelle, V.; Boonne, C.; Poulet-Crovisier, N.; Barbe, A.; Chris Benner, D.; Boudon, V.; Brown, L. R.; Buldyreva, J.; Campargue, A.; Coudert, L. H.; Devi, V. M.; Down, M. J.; Drouin, B. J.; Fayt, A.; Fittschen, C.; Flaud, J.-M.; Gamache, R. R.; Harrison, J. J.; Hill, C.; Hodnebrog, Ø.; Hu, S.-M.; Jacquemart, D.; Jolly, A.; Jiménez, E.; Lavrentieva, N. N.; Liu, A.-W.; Lodi, L.; Lyulin, O. M.; Massie, S. T.; Mikhailenko, S.; Müller, H. S. P.; Naumenko, O. V.; Nikitin, A.; Nielsen, C. J.; Orphal, J.; Perevalov, V. I.; Perrin, A.; Polovtseva, E.; Predoi-Cross, A.; Rotger, M.; Ruth, A. A.; Yu, S. S.; Sung, K.; Tashkun, S. A.; Tennyson, J.; Tyuterev, Vl. G.; Vander Auwera, J.; Voronin, B. A.; Makie, A.

2016-09-01

The GEISA database (Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmosphériques: Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic Information) has been developed and maintained by the http://ara.abct.lmd.polytechnique.fr. The "line parameters database" contains 52 molecular species (118 isotopologues) and transitions in the spectral range from 10-6 to 35,877.031 cm-1, representing 5,067,351 entries, against 3,794,297 in GEISA-2011. Among the previously existing molecules, 20 molecular species have been updated. A new molecule (SO3) has been added. HDO, isotopologue of H2O, is now identified as an independent molecular species. Seven new isotopologues have been added to the GEISA-2015 database. The "cross section sub-database" has been enriched by the addition of 43 new molecular species in its infrared part, 4 molecules (ethane, propane, acetone, acetonitrile) are also updated; they represent 3% of the update. A new section is added, in the near-infrared spectral region, involving 7 molecular species: CH3CN, CH3I, CH3O2, H2CO, HO2, HONO, NH3. The "microphysical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols sub-database" has been updated for the first time since 2003. It contains more than 40 species originating from NCAR and 20 from the http://eodg.atm.ox.ac.uk/ARIA/introduction_nocol.html. As for the previous versions, this new release of GEISA and associated management software facilities are implemented and freely accessible on the http://cds-espri.ipsl.fr/etherTypo/?id=950.

The HITRAN2016 molecular spectroscopic database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Hill, C.; Kochanov, R. V.; Tan, Y.; Bernath, P. F.; Birk, M.; Boudon, V.; Campargue, A.; Chance, K. V.; Drouin, B. J.; Flaud, J.-M.; Gamache, R. R.; Hodges, J. T.; Jacquemart, D.; Perevalov, V. I.; Perrin, A.; Shine, K. P.; Smith, M.-A. H.; Tennyson, J.; Toon, G. C.; Tran, H.; Tyuterev, V. G.; Barbe, A.; Császár, A. G.; Devi, V. M.; Furtenbacher, T.; Harrison, J. J.; Hartmann, J.-M.; Jolly, A.; Johnson, T. J.; Karman, T.; Kleiner, I.; Kyuberis, A. A.; Loos, J.; Lyulin, O. M.; Massie, S. T.; Mikhailenko, S. N.; Moazzen-Ahmadi, N.; Müller, H. S. P.; Naumenko, O. V.; Nikitin, A. V.; Polyansky, O. L.; Rey, M.; Rotger, M.; Sharpe, S. W.; Sung, K.; Starikova, E.; Tashkun, S. A.; Auwera, J. Vander; Wagner, G.; Wilzewski, J.; Wcisło, P.; Yu, S.; Zak, E. J.

2017-12-01

This paper describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is composed of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additional absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 300 additional molecules important in different areas of atmospheric science have been added to the database. The compilation can be accessed through www.hitran.org. Most of the HITRAN data have now been cast into an underlying relational database structure that offers many advantages over the long-standing sequential text-based structure. The new structure empowers the user in many ways. It enables the incorporation of an extended set of fundamental parameters per transition, sophisticated line-shape formalisms, easy user-defined output formats, and very convenient searching, filtering, and plotting of data. A powerful application programming interface making use of structured query language (SQL) features for higher-level applications of HITRAN is also provided.

The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey first data release: Spectra and spectroscopic redshifts of 698 objects up to zspec 6 in CANDELS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tasca, L. A. M.; Le Fèvre, O.; Ribeiro, B.; Thomas, R.; Moreau, C.; Cassata, P.; Garilli, B.; Le Brun, V.; Lemaux, B. C.; Maccagni, D.; Pentericci, L.; Schaerer, D.; Vanzella, E.; Zamorani, G.; Zucca, E.; Amorin, R.; Bardelli, S.; Cassarà, L. P.; Castellano, M.; Cimatti, A.; Cucciati, O.; Durkalec, A.; Fontana, A.; Giavalisco, M.; Grazian, A.; Hathi, N. P.; Ilbert, O.; Paltani, S.; Pforr, J.; Scodeggio, M.; Sommariva, V.; Talia, M.; Tresse, L.; Vergani, D.; Capak, P.; Charlot, S.; Contini, T.; de la Torre, S.; Dunlop, J.; Fotopoulou, S.; Guaita, L.; Koekemoer, A.; López-Sanjuan, C.; Mellier, Y.; Salvato, M.; Scoville, N.; Taniguchi, Y.; Wang, P. W.

2017-04-01

This paper describes the first data release (DR1) of the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS). The VUDS-DR1 is the release of all low-resolution spectroscopic data obtained in 276.9 arcmin2 of the CANDELS-COSMOS and CANDELS-ECDFS survey areas, including accurate spectroscopic redshifts zspec and individual spectra obtained with VIMOS on the ESO-VLT. A total of 698 objects have a measured redshift, with 677 galaxies, two type-I AGN, and a small number of 19 contaminating stars. The targets of the spectroscopic survey are selected primarily on the basis of their photometric redshifts to ensure a broad population coverage. About 500 galaxies have zspec > 2, 48of which have zspec > 4; the highest reliable redshifts reach beyond zspec = 6. This data set approximately doubles the number of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts at z > 3 in these fields. We discuss the general properties of the VUDS-DR1 sample in terms of the spectroscopic redshift distribution, the distribution of Lyman-α equivalent widths, and physical properties including stellar masses M⋆ and star formation rates derived from spectral energy distribution fitting with the knowledge of zspec. We highlight the properties of the most massive star-forming galaxies, noting the wide range in spectral properties, with Lyman-α in emission or in absorption, and in imaging properties with compact, multi-component, or pair morphologies. We present the catalogue database and data products. All VUDS-DR1 data are publicly available and can be retrieved from a dedicated query-based database. Future VUDS data releases will follow this VUDS-DR1 to give access to the spectra and associated measurement of 8000 objects in the full 1 square degree of the VUDS survey. Based on data obtained with the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope, Paranal, Chile, under Large Program 185.A-0791. http://cesam.lam.fr/vuds

Identification and Spectroscopic Characterization of Nonheme Iron(III) Hypochlorite Intermediates.

PubMed

Draksharapu, Apparao; Angelone, Davide; Quesne, Matthew G; Padamati, Sandeep K; Gómez, Laura; Hage, Ronald; Costas, Miquel; Browne, Wesley R; de Visser, Sam P

2015-03-27

Fe III -hypohalite complexes have been implicated in a wide range of important enzyme-catalyzed halogenation reactions including the biosynthesis of natural products and antibiotics and post-translational modification of proteins. The absence of spectroscopic data on such species precludes their identification. Herein, we report the generation and spectroscopic characterization of nonheme Fe III -hypohalite intermediates of possible relevance to iron halogenases. We show that Fe III -OCl polypyridylamine complexes can be sufficiently stable at room temperature to be characterized by UV/Vis absorption, resonance Raman and EPR spectroscopies, and cryo-ESIMS. DFT methods rationalize the pathways to the formation of the Fe III -OCl, and ultimately Fe IV =O, species and provide indirect evidence for a short-lived Fe II -OCl intermediate. The species observed and the pathways involved offer insight into and, importantly, a spectroscopic database for the investigation of iron halogenases.

Identification and Spectroscopic Characterization of Nonheme Iron(III) Hypochlorite Intermediates**

PubMed Central

Draksharapu, Apparao; Angelone, Davide; Quesne, Matthew G; Padamati, Sandeep K; Gómez, Laura; Hage, Ronald; Costas, Miquel; Browne, Wesley R; de Visser, Sam P

2015-01-01

FeIII–hypohalite complexes have been implicated in a wide range of important enzyme-catalyzed halogenation reactions including the biosynthesis of natural products and antibiotics and post-translational modification of proteins. The absence of spectroscopic data on such species precludes their identification. Herein, we report the generation and spectroscopic characterization of nonheme FeIII–hypohalite intermediates of possible relevance to iron halogenases. We show that FeIII-OCl polypyridylamine complexes can be sufficiently stable at room temperature to be characterized by UV/Vis absorption, resonance Raman and EPR spectroscopies, and cryo-ESIMS. DFT methods rationalize the pathways to the formation of the FeIII-OCl, and ultimately FeIV=O, species and provide indirect evidence for a short-lived FeII-OCl intermediate. The species observed and the pathways involved offer insight into and, importantly, a spectroscopic database for the investigation of iron halogenases. PMID:25663379

Radiative transfer and spectroscopic databases: A line-sampling Monte Carlo approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galtier, Mathieu; Blanco, Stéphane; Dauchet, Jérémi; El Hafi, Mouna; Eymet, Vincent; Fournier, Richard; Roger, Maxime; Spiesser, Christophe; Terrée, Guillaume

2016-03-01

Dealing with molecular-state transitions for radiative transfer purposes involves two successive steps that both reach the complexity level at which physicists start thinking about statistical approaches: (1) constructing line-shaped absorption spectra as the result of very numerous state-transitions, (2) integrating over optical-path domains. For the first time, we show here how these steps can be addressed simultaneously using the null-collision concept. This opens the door to the design of Monte Carlo codes directly estimating radiative transfer observables from spectroscopic databases. The intermediate step of producing accurate high-resolution absorption spectra is no longer required. A Monte Carlo algorithm is proposed and applied to six one-dimensional test cases. It allows the computation of spectrally integrated intensities (over 25 cm-1 bands or the full IR range) in a few seconds, regardless of the retained database and line model. But free parameters need to be selected and they impact the convergence. A first possible selection is provided in full detail. We observe that this selection is highly satisfactory for quite distinct atmospheric and combustion configurations, but a more systematic exploration is still in progress.

The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. I. A Large Spectroscopically Selected Sample of Massive Early-Type Lens Galaxies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bolton, Adam S.; Burles, Scott; Koopmans, Leon V. E.; Treu, Tommaso; Moustakas, Leonidas A.

2006-01-01

The Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey is an efficient Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Snapshot imaging survey for new galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses. The targeted lens candidates are selected spectroscopically from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) database of galaxy spectra for having multiple nebular emission lines at a redshift significantly higher than that of the SDSS target galaxy. The SLACS survey is optimized to detect bright early-type lens galaxies with faint lensed sources in order to increase the sample of known gravitational lenses suitable for detailed lensing, photometric, and dynamical modeling. In this paper, the first in a series on the current results of our HST Cycle 13 imaging survey, we present a catalog of 19 newly discovered gravitational lenses, along with nine other observed candidate systems that are either possible lenses, nonlenses, or nondetections. The survey efficiency is thus >=68%. We also present Gemini 8 m and Magellan 6.5 m integral-field spectroscopic data for nine of the SLACS targets, which further support the lensing interpretation. A new method for the effective subtraction of foreground galaxy images to reveal faint background features is presented. We show that the SLACS lens galaxies have colors and ellipticities typical of the spectroscopic parent sample from which they are drawn (SDSS luminous red galaxies and quiescent MAIN sample galaxies), but are somewhat brighter and more centrally concentrated. Several explanations for the latter bias are suggested. The SLACS survey provides the first statistically significant and homogeneously selected sample of bright early-type lens galaxies, furnishing a powerful probe of the structure of early-type galaxies within the half-light radius. The high confirmation rate of lenses in the SLACS survey suggests consideration of spectroscopic lens discovery as an explicit science goal of future spectroscopic galaxy surveys.

Preparation of the COROT mission: fundamental stellar parameters from photometric and spectroscopic analyses of target candidates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lastennet, E.; Lignières, F.; Buser, R.; Lejeune, T.; Lüftinger, T.; Cuisinier, F.; van't Veer-Menneret, C.

2001-09-01

We present a sample of 9 nearby F-type stars with detailed spectroscopic analyses to investigate the Basel Stellar Library (BaSeL) in two photometric systems simultaneously, Johnson UBV and Stromgren uvby. The sample corresponds to potential targets of the central seismology programme of the COROT (COnvection & ROtation) space experiment, which have been recently observed at Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP, France). The atmospheric parameters Teff, [Fe/H], and log g obtained from the BaSeL models are compared with spectroscopic determinations as well as with results of other photometric calibrations (the TEMPLOGG method and the catalogue of Marsakov & Shevelev, 1995). Moreover, new rotational velocity determinations are also derived from the spectroscopic analysis and compared with previous results compiled in the SIMBAD database. For a careful interpretation of the BaSeL solutions, we computed confidence regions around the best chi^2-estimates and projected them on Teff-[Fe/H], Teff-log g, and log g-[Fe/H] diagrams. In order to simultaneously and accurately determine the stellar parameters Teff, [Fe/H] and log g, we suggest to use the combination of the synthetic BaSeL indices B-V, U-B and b-y (rather than the full photometric information available for these stars: B-V, U-B, b-y, m1 and c1) and we present complete results in 3 different diagrams, along with the results of other methods (photometric and spectroscopic). All the methods presented give consistent solutions, and the agreement between TEMPLOGG and BaSeL for the hottest stars of the sample could be especially useful in view of the well-known difficulty of spectroscopic determinations for fast rotating stars. Finally, we present current and future developments of the BaSeL models for a systematic application to all the COROT targets.

Preparation of the COROT mission: fundamental stellar parameters from photometric and spectroscopic analyses of target candidates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lastennet, E.; Lignières, F.; Buser, R.; Lejeune, T.; Lüftinger, T.; Cuisinier, F.; van't Veer-Menneret, C.

2001-12-01

We present a sample of 9 nearby F-type stars with detailed spectroscopic analyses to investigate the Basel Stellar Library (BaSeL) in two photometric systems simultaneously, Johnson UBV and Strömgren uvby. The sample corresponds to potential targets of the central seismology programme of the COROT (COnvection & ROtation) space experiment, which have been recently observed at Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP, France). The atmospheric parameters Teff, [Fe/H], and log g obtained from the BaSeL models are compared with spectroscopic determinations as well as with results of other photometric calibrations (the TEMPLOGG method and the catalogue of Marsakov & Shevelev, 1995). Moreover, new rotational velocity determinations are also derived from the spectroscopic analysis and compared with previous results compiled in the SIMBAD database. For a careful interpretation of the BaSeL solutions, we computed confidence regions around the best χ2-estimates and projected them on Teff-[Fe/H], Teff-log g, and log g-[Fe/H] diagrams. In order to simultaneously and accurately determine the stellar parameters Teff, [Fe/H] and log g, we suggest to use the combination of the synthetic BaSeL indices B-V, U-B and b-y (rather than the full photometric information available for these stars: B-V, U-B, b-y, m1 and c1) and we present complete results in 3 different diagrams, along with the results of other methods (photometric and spectroscopic). All the methods presented give consistent solutions, and the agreement between TEMPLOGG and BaSeL for the hottest stars of the sample could be especially useful in view of the well-known difficulty of spectroscopic determinations for fast rotating stars. Finally, we present current and future developments of the BaSeL models for a systematic application to all the COROT targets.

DDD: Dynamic Database for Diatomics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schwenke, David

2004-01-01

We have developed as web-based database containing spectra of diatomic moiecuies. All data is computed from first principles, and if a user requests data for a molecule/ion that is not in the database, new calculations are automatically carried out on that species. Rotational, vibrational, and electronic transitions are included. Different levels of accuracy can be selected from qualitatively correct to the best calculations that can be carried out. The user can view and modify spectroscopic constants, view potential energy curves, download detailed high temperature linelists, or view synthetic spectra.

IN-SYNC VI. Identification and Radial Velocity Extraction for 100+ Double-Lined Spectroscopic Binaries in the APOGEE/IN-SYNC Fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernandez, M. A.; Covey, Kevin R.; De Lee, Nathan; Chojnowski, S. Drew; Nidever, David; Ballantyne, Richard; Cottaar, Michiel; Da Rio, Nicola; Foster, Jonathan B.; Majewski, Steven R.; Meyer, Michael R.; Reyna, A. M.; Roberts, G. W.; Skinner, Jacob; Stassun, Keivan; Tan, Jonathan C.; Troup, Nicholas; Zasowski, Gail

2017-08-01

We present radial velocity measurements for 70 high confidence, and 34 potential binary systems in fields containing the Perseus Molecular Cloud, Pleiades, NGC 2264, and the Orion A star-forming region. Eighteen of these systems have been previously identified as binaries in the literature. Candidate double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s) are identified by analyzing the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) computed during the reduction of each APOGEE spectrum. We identify sources whose CCFs are well fit as the sum of two Lorentzians as likely binaries, and provide an initial characterization of the system based on the radial velocities indicated by that dual fit. For systems observed over several epochs, we present mass ratios and systemic velocities; for two systems with observations on eight or more epochs, and which meet our criteria for robust orbital coverage, we derive initial orbital parameters. The distribution of mass ratios for multi-epoch sources in our sample peaks at q = 1, but with a significant tail toward lower q values. Tables reporting radial velocities, systemic velocities, and mass ratios are provided online. We discuss future improvements to the radial velocity extraction method we employ, as well as limitations imposed by the number of epochs currently available in the APOGEE database. The Appendix contains brief notes from the literature on each system in the sample, and more extensive notes for select sources of interest.

Modeling, Measurements, and Fundamental Database Development for Nonequilibrium Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bose, Deepak

2012-01-01

The design of entry vehicles requires predictions of aerothermal environment during the hypersonic phase of their flight trajectories. These predictions are made using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes that often rely on physics and chemistry models of nonequilibrium processes. The primary processes of interest are gas phase chemistry, internal energy relaxation, electronic excitation, nonequilibrium emission and absorption of radiation, and gas-surface interaction leading to surface recession and catalytic recombination. NASAs Hypersonics Project is advancing the state-of-the-art in modeling of nonequilibrium phenomena by making detailed spectroscopic measurements in shock tube and arcjets, using ab-initio quantum mechanical techniques develop fundamental chemistry and spectroscopic databases, making fundamental measurements of finite-rate gas surface interactions, implementing of detailed mechanisms in the state-of-the-art CFD codes, The development of new models is based on validation with relevant experiments. We will present the latest developments and a roadmap for the technical areas mentioned above

Improved Laboratory Values of the H{sub 2} Lyman and Werner Lines for Constraining Time Variation of the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Salumbides, E. J.; Khramov, A.; Wolf, A. L.

2008-11-28

Two distinct high-accuracy laboratory spectroscopic investigations of the H{sub 2} molecule are reported. Anchor lines in the EF{sup 1}{sigma}{sub g}{sup +}-X{sup 1}{sigma}{sub g}{sup +} system are calibrated by two-photon deep-UV Doppler-free spectroscopy, while independent Fourier-transform spectroscopic measurements are performed that yield accurate spacings in the B{sup 1}{sigma}{sub u}{sup +}-EF{sup 1}{sigma}{sub g}{sup +} and I{sup 1}{pi}{sub g}-C{sup 1}{pi}{sub u} systems. From combination differences accurate transition wavelengths for the B-X Lyman and the C-X Werner lines can be determined with accuracies better than {approx}5x10{sup -9}, representing a major improvement over existing values. This metrology provides a practically exact database to extract amore » possible variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio based on H{sub 2} lines in high-redshift objects. Moreover, it forms a rationale for equipping a future class of telescopes, carrying 30-40 m dishes, with novel spectrometers of higher resolving powers.« less

Comment on the paper ;NDSD-1000: High-resolution, high-temperature nitrogen dioxide spectroscopic Databank; by A.A. Lukashevskaya, N.N. Lavrentieva, A.C. Dudaryonok, V.I. Perevalov, J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transfer 2016;184:205-17

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perrin, A.; Ndao, M.; Manceron, L.

2017-10-01

A recent paper [1] presents a high-resolution, high-temperature version of the Nitrogen Dioxide Spectroscopic Databank called NDSD-1000. The NDSD-1000 database contains line parameters (positions, intensities, self- and air-broadening coefficients, exponents of the temperature dependence of self- and air-broadening coefficients) for numerous cold and hot bands of the 14N16O2 isotopomer of nitrogen dioxide. The parameters used for the line positions and intensities calculation were generated through a global modeling of experimental data collected in the literature within the framework of the method of effective operators. However, the form of the effective dipole moment operator used to compute the NO2 line intensities in the NDSD-1000 database differs from the classical one used for line intensities calculation in the NO2 infrared literature [12]. Using Fourier transform spectra recorded at high resolution in the 6.3 μm region, it is shown here, that the NDSD-1000 formulation is incorrect since the computed intensities do not account properly for the (Int(+)/Int(-)) intensity ratio between the (+) (J = N+ 1/2) and (-) (J = N-1/2) electron - spin rotation subcomponents of the computed vibration rotation transitions. On the other hand, in the HITRAN or GEISA spectroscopic databases, the NO2 line intensities were computed using the classical theoretical approach, and it is shown here that these data lead to a significant better agreement between the observed and calculated spectra.

The HITRAN2016 Molecular Spectroscopic Database

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Hill, C.

This article describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is composed of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additionalmore » absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 300 additional molecules important in different areas of atmospheric science have been added to the database. The compilation can be accessed through www.hitran.org. Most of the HITRAN data have now been cast into an underlying relational database structure that offers many advantages over the long-standing sequential text-based structure. The new structure empowers the user in many ways. It enables the incorporation of an extended set of fundamental parameters per transition, sophisticated line-shape formalisms, easy user-defined output formats, and very convenient searching, filtering, and plotting of data. Finally, a powerful application programming interface making use of structured query language (SQL) features for higher-level applications of HITRAN is also provided.« less

The HITRAN2016 Molecular Spectroscopic Database

DOE PAGES

Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Hill, C.; ...

2017-07-05

This article describes the contents of the 2016 edition of the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic compilation. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2012 and its updates during the intervening years. The HITRAN molecular absorption compilation is composed of five major components: the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, infrared absorption cross-sections for molecules not yet amenable to representation in a line-by-line form, collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables such as partition sums that apply globally to the data. The new HITRAN is greatly extended in terms of accuracy, spectral coverage, additionalmore » absorption phenomena, added line-shape formalisms, and validity. Moreover, molecules, isotopologues, and perturbing gases have been added that address the issues of atmospheres beyond the Earth. Of considerable note, experimental IR cross-sections for almost 300 additional molecules important in different areas of atmospheric science have been added to the database. The compilation can be accessed through www.hitran.org. Most of the HITRAN data have now been cast into an underlying relational database structure that offers many advantages over the long-standing sequential text-based structure. The new structure empowers the user in many ways. It enables the incorporation of an extended set of fundamental parameters per transition, sophisticated line-shape formalisms, easy user-defined output formats, and very convenient searching, filtering, and plotting of data. Finally, a powerful application programming interface making use of structured query language (SQL) features for higher-level applications of HITRAN is also provided.« less

GAUDI: A Preparatory Archive for the COROT Mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solano, E.; Catala, C.; Garrido, R.; Poretti, E.; Janot-Pacheco, E.; Gutiérrez, R.; González, R.; Mantegazza, L.; Neiner, C.; Fremat, Y.; Charpinet, S.; Weiss, W.; Amado, P. J.; Rainer, M.; Tsymbal, V.; Lyashko, D.; Ballereau, D.; Bouret, J. C.; Hua, T.; Katz, D.; Lignières, F.; Lüftinger, T.; Mittermayer, P.; Nesvacil, N.; Soubiran, C.; van't Veer-Menneret, C.; Goupil, M. J.; Costa, V.; Rolland, A.; Antonello, E.; Bossi, M.; Buzzoni, A.; Rodrigo, C.; Aerts, C.; Butler, C. J.; Guenther, E.; Hatzes, A.

2005-01-01

The GAUDI database (Ground-based Asteroseismology Uniform Database Interface) is a preparatory archive for the COROT (Convection, Rotation, and Planetary Transits) mission developed at the Laboratorio de Astrofísica Espacial y Física Fundamental (Laboratory for Space Astrophysics and Theoretical Physics, Spain). Its intention is to make the ground-based observations obtained in preparation of the asteroseismology program available in a simple and efficient way. It contains spectroscopic and photometric data together with inferred physical parameters for more than 1500 objects gathered since 1998 January 1998 in 6 years of observational campaigns. In this paper, the main functions and characteristics of the system are described. Based on observations collected at La Silla (ESO proposals 67.D-0169, 69.D-0166, and 70.D-0110), Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (proposal 6-20-068), Observatoire de Haute-Provence, the South African Astronomical Observatory, Tautenburg Observatory, and Sierra Nevada Observatory.

High-resolution spectroscopy of extremely metal-poor stars from SDSS/Segue. II. Binary fraction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aoki, Wako; Suda, Takuma; Beers, Timothy C.

2015-02-01

The fraction of binary systems in various stellar populations of the Galaxy and the distribution of their orbital parameters are important but not well-determined factors in studies of star formation, stellar evolution, and Galactic chemical evolution. While observational studies have been carried out for a large sample of nearby stars, including some metal-poor Population II stars, almost no constraints on the binary nature for extremely metal-poor (EMP; [Fe/H] <−3.0) stars have yet been obtained. Here we investigate the fraction of double-lined spectroscopic binaries and carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, many of which could have formed as pairs of low-mass and intermediate-massmore » stars, to estimate the lower limit of the fraction of binary systems having short periods. The estimate is based on a sample of very metal-poor stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and observed at high spectral resolution in a previous study by Aoki et al. That survey reported 3 double-lined spectroscopic binaries and 11 CEMP stars, which we consider along with a sample of EMP stars from the literature compiled in the SAGA database. We have conducted measurements of the velocity components for stacked absorption features of different spectral lines for each double-lined spectroscopic binary. Our estimate indicates that the fraction of binary stars having orbital periods shorter than 1000 days is at least 10%, and possibly as high as 20% if the majority of CEMP stars are formed in such short-period binaries. This result suggests that the period distribution of EMP binary systems is biased toward short periods, unless the binary fraction of low-mass EMP stars is significantly higher than that of other nearby stars.« less

PRISM: Processing routines in IDL for spectroscopic measurements (installation manual and user's guide, version 1.0)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kokaly, Raymond F.

2011-01-01

This report describes procedures for installing and using the U.S. Geological Survey Processing Routines in IDL for Spectroscopic Measurements (PRISM) software. PRISM provides a framework to conduct spectroscopic analysis of measurements made using laboratory, field, airborne, and space-based spectrometers. Using PRISM functions, the user can compare the spectra of materials of unknown composition with reference spectra of known materials. This spectroscopic analysis allows the composition of the material to be identified and characterized. Among its other functions, PRISM contains routines for the storage of spectra in database files, import/export of ENVI spectral libraries, importation of field spectra, correction of spectra to absolute reflectance, arithmetic operations on spectra, interactive continuum removal and comparison of spectral features, correction of imaging spectrometer data to ground-calibrated reflectance, and identification and mapping of materials using spectral feature-based analysis of reflectance data. This report provides step-by-step instructions for installing the PRISM software and running its functions.

HITRAN2016 Database Part II: Overview of the Spectroscopic Parameters of the Trace Gases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, Yan; Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian

2017-06-01

The 2016 edition of HITRAN database is available now. This new edition of the database takes advantage of the new structure and can be accessed through HITRANonline (www.hitran.org). The line-by-line lists for almost all of the trace atmospheric species were updated in comparison with the previous edition HITRAN2012. These extended update covers not only updating few transitions of the certain molecules, but also complete replacements of the whole line lists, and as well as introduction of new spectroscopic parameters for non-Voigt line shape. The new line lists for NH_3, HNO_3, OCS, HCN, CH_3Cl, C_2H_2, C_2H_6, PH_3, C_2H_4, CH_3CN, CF_4, C_4H_2, and SO_3 feature substantial expansion of the spectral and dynamic ranges in addition of the improved accuracy of the parameters for already existing lines. A semi-empirical procedure was developed to update the air-broadening and self-broadening coefficients of N_2O, SO_2, NH_3, CH_3Cl, H_2S, and HO_2. We draw particular attention to flaws in the commonly used expression n_{air}=0.79n_{N_2}+0.21n_{O_2} to determine the air-broadening temperature dependence exponent in the power law from those for nitrogen and oxygen broadening. A more meaningful approach will be presented. The semi-empirical line width, pressure shifts and temperature-dependence exponents of CO, NH_3, HF, HCl, OCS, C_2H_2, SO_2 perturbed by H_2, He, and CO_2 have been added to the database based on the algorithm described in Wilzewski et al.. The new spectroscopic parameters for HT profile were implemented into the database for hydrogen molecule. The HITRAN database is supported by the NASA AURA program grant NNX14AI55G and NASA PDART grant NNX16AG51G. I. E. Gordon, L. S. Rothman, et al., J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2017; submitted. Hill C, et al., J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2013;130:51-61. Wilzewski JS,et al., J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2016;168:193-206. Wcislo P, et al., J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2016;177:75-91.

The SpaceInn-SISMA Database: Characterization of a Large Sample of Variable and Active Stars by Means of Harps Spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rainer, M.; Poretti, E.; Mistò, A.; Panzera, M. R.; Molinaro, M.; Cepparo, F.; Roth, M.; Michel, E.; Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G.

2016-12-01

We created a large database of physical parameters and variability indicators by fully reducing and analyzing the large number of spectra taken to complement the asteroseismic observations of the COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) satellite. 7103 spectra of 261 stars obtained with the ESO echelle spectrograph HARPS have been stored in the VO-compliant database Spectroscopic Indicators in a SeisMic Archive (SISMA), along with the CoRoT photometric data of the 72 CoRoT asteroseismic targets. The remaining stars belong to the same variable classes of the CoRoT targets and were observed to better characterize the properties of such classes. Several useful variability indicators (mean line profiles, indices of differential rotation, activity and emission lines) together with v\\sin I and radial-velocity measurements have been extracted from the spectra. The atmospheric parameters {T}{eff},{log}g, and [Fe/H] have been computed following a homogeneous procedure. As a result, we fully characterize a sample of new and known variable stars by computing several spectroscopic indicators, also providing some cases of simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy.

Astronomical Archive at Tartu Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Annuk, K.

2007-10-01

Archiving astronomical data is important task not only at large observatories but also at small observatories. Here we describe the astronomical archive at Tartu Observatory. The archive consists of old photographic plate images, photographic spectrograms, CCD direct--images and CCD spectroscopic data. The photographic plate digitizing project was started in 2005. An on-line database (based on MySQL) was created. The database includes CCD data as well photographic data. A PHP-MySQL interface was written for access to all data.

The RECONS Hunt for Intriguing Binaries in the Solar Neighborhood

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bean, J. L.; Henry, T. J.; Jao, W. C.; Subasavage, J. P.

2001-12-01

As part of an effort to characterize the Sun's neighbors, photometric research was carried out on two samples of low-mass stars known or suspected to lie within 25 parsecs of the Sun. Quality filtered optical photometric data (UBVRI) from published research were merged with recently released infrared data (JHK) from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) to create comprehensive long baseline V-I or V-K colors for more than 1400 stars. These were then combined with parallaxes from the NStars Database to create color-absolute magnitude diagrams. The results of this research include increasing the breadth of the NStars Database by adding photometric data for over 1400 stars, and identifying intriguing multiple systems (close spectroscopic binaries, BY Dra types, RS CVn systems) as well as white dwarfs and evolved stars in the solar neighborhood. More than two dozen objects have been identified as probable new multiple systems from their positions above the main sequence. Additional investigations for these intriguing systems are planned, including observations made with the GSU CHARA Array to resolve very close binary systems. This research is a continuation of the work done by RECONS (Research Consortium on Nearby Stars) based at Georgia Sate U., Johns Hopkins U., and U. Virginia, and NASA's Nearby Stars Project (NStars).

BAO Plate Archive Project: Digitization, Electronic Database and Research Programmes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mickaelian, A. M.; Abrahamyan, H. V.; Andreasyan, H. R.; Azatyan, N. M.; Farmanyan, S. V.; Gigoyan, K. S.; Gyulzadyan, M. V.; Khachatryan, K. G.; Knyazyan, A. V.; Kostandyan, G. R.; Mikayelyan, G. A.; Nikoghosyan, E. H.; Paronyan, G. M.; Vardanyan, A. V.

2016-06-01

The most important part of the astronomical observational heritage are astronomical plate archives created on the basis of numerous observations at many observatories. Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) plate archive consists of 37,000 photographic plates and films, obtained at 2.6m telescope, 1m and 0.5m Schmidt type and other smaller telescopes during 1947-1991. In 2002-2005, the famous Markarian Survey (also called First Byurakan Survey, FBS) 1874 plates were digitized and the Digitized FBS (DFBS) was created. New science projects have been conducted based on these low-dispersion spectroscopic material. A large project on the whole BAO Plate Archive digitization, creation of electronic database and its scientific usage was started in 2015. A Science Program Board is created to evaluate the observing material, to investigate new possibilities and to propose new projects based on the combined usage of these observations together with other world databases. The Executing Team consists of 11 astronomers and 2 computer scientists and will use 2 EPSON Perfection V750 Pro scanners for the digitization, as well as Armenian Virtual Observatory (ArVO) database will be used to accommodate all new data. The project will run during 3 years in 2015-2017 and the final result will be an electronic database and online interactive sky map to be used for further research projects, mainly including high proper motion stars, variable objects and Solar System bodies.

NuSTAR on-ground calibration: II. Effective area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brejnholt, Nicolai F.; Christensen, Finn E.; Westergaard, Niels J.; Hailey, Charles J.; Koglin, Jason E.; Craig, William W.

2012-09-01

The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) was launched in June 2012 carrying the first focusing hard X-ray (5-80keV) optics to orbit. The multilayer coating was carried out at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU Space). In this article we introduce the NuSTAR multilayer reference database and its implementation in the NuSTAR optic response model. The database and its implementation is validated using on-ground effective area calibration data and used to estimate in-orbit performance.

SpectraPlot.com: Integrated spectroscopic modeling of atomic and molecular gases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldenstein, Christopher S.; Miller, Victor A.; Mitchell Spearrin, R.; Strand, Christopher L.

2017-10-01

SpectraPlot is a web-based application for simulating spectra of atomic and molecular gases. At the time this manuscript was written, SpectraPlot consisted of four primary tools for calculating: (1) atomic and molecular absorption spectra, (2) atomic and molecular emission spectra, (3) transition linestrengths, and (4) blackbody emission spectra. These tools currently employ the NIST ASD, HITRAN2012, and HITEMP2010 databases to perform line-by-line simulations of spectra. SpectraPlot employs a modular, integrated architecture, enabling multiple simulations across multiple databases and/or thermodynamic conditions to be visualized in an interactive plot window. The primary objective of this paper is to describe the architecture and spectroscopic models employed by SpectraPlot in order to provide its users with the knowledge required to understand the capabilities and limitations of simulations performed using SpectraPlot. Further, this manuscript discusses the accuracy of several underlying approximations used to decrease computational time, in particular, the use of far-wing cutoff criteria.

Are your Spectroscopic Data Being Used?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Wilzewski, Jonas

2014-06-01

Spectroscopy is an established and indispensable tool in science, industry, agriculture, medicine, surveillance, etc.. The potential user of spectral data, which is not available in HITRAN or other databases, searches the spectroscopy publications. After finding the desired publication, the user very often encounters the following problems: 1) They cannot find the data described in the paper. There can be many reasons for this: nothing is provided in the paper itself or supplementary material; the authors are not responding to any requests; the web links provided in the paper have long been broken; etc. 2) The data is presented in a reduced form, for instance through the fitted spectroscopic constants. While this is a long-standing practice among spectroscopists, there are numerous serious problems with this practice, such as users getting different energy and intensity values because of different representations of the solution to the Hamiltonian, or even just despairing of trying to generate usable line lists from the published constants. Properly providing the data benefits not only users but also the authors of the spectroscopic research. We will show that this increases citations to the spectroscopy papers and visibility of the research groups. We will also address the quite common issue when researchers obtain the data, but do not feel that they have time, interest or resources to write an article describing it. There are modern tools that would allow one to make these data available to potential users and still get credit for it. However, this is a worst case scenario recommendation, i.e., publishing the data in a peer-reviewed journal is still the preferred way. L. S. Rothman, I. E. Gordon, et al. "The HITRAN 2012 molecular spectroscopic database," JQSRT 113, 4-50 (2013).

HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI): A comprehensive approach to working with spectroscopic data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kochanov, R. V.; Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Wcisło, P.; Hill, C.; Wilzewski, J. S.

2016-07-01

The HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI) is presented. HAPI is a free Python library, which extends the capabilities of the HITRANonline interface (www.hitran.org) and can be used to filter and process the structured spectroscopic data. HAPI incorporates a set of tools for spectra simulation accounting for the temperature, pressure, optical path length, and instrument properties. HAPI is aimed to facilitate the spectroscopic data analysis and the spectra simulation based on the line-by-line data, such as from the HITRAN database [JQSRT (2013) 130, 4-50], allowing the usage of the non-Voigt line profile parameters, custom temperature and pressure dependences, and partition sums. The HAPI functions allow the user to control the spectra simulation and data filtering process via a set of the function parameters. HAPI can be obtained at its homepage www.hitran.org/hapi.

CyBy(2): a structure-based data management tool for chemical and biological data.

PubMed

Höck, Stefan; Riedl, Rainer

2012-01-01

We report the development of a powerful data management tool for chemical and biological data: CyBy(2). CyBy(2) is a structure-based information management tool used to store and visualize structural data alongside additional information such as project assignment, physical information, spectroscopic data, biological activity, functional data and synthetic procedures. The application consists of a database, an application server, used to query and update the database, and a client application with a rich graphical user interface (GUI) used to interact with the server.

High Resolution Spectroscopy to Support Atmospheric Measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benner, D. Chris; Venkataraman, Malathy Devi

2000-01-01

The major research activities performed during the cooperative agreement enhanced our spectroscopic knowledge of molecules of atmospheric interest such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, methane, and carbon monoxide, to name a few. Measurements were made using the NASA Langley Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometer System (TDL) and several Fourier Transform Spectrometer Systems (FTS) around the globe. The results from these studies made remarkable improvements in the line positions and intensities for several molecules, particularly ozone and carbon dioxide in the 2 to 17-micrometer spectral region. Measurements of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients and the temperature dependence of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients for infrared transitions of ozone, methane, and water vapor were also performed. Results from these studies have been used for retrievals of stratospheric gas concentration profiles from data collected by several Upper Atmospheric Research satellite (UARS) infrared instruments as well as in the analysis of high resolution atmospheric spectra such as those acquired by space-based, ground-based, and various balloon- and aircraft-borne experiments. Our results made significant contributions in several updates of the HITRAN (HIgh resolution TRANsmission) spectral line parameters database. This database enjoys worldwide recognition in research involving diversified scientific fields.

High Resolution Spectroscopy to Support Atmospheric Measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benner, D. Chris; Venkataraman, Malathy Devi

2000-01-01

The major research activities performed during the cooperative agreement enhanced our spectroscopic knowledge of molecules of atmospheric interest such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, methane, and carbon monoxide, to name a few. Measurements were made using the NASA Langley Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometer System (TDL) and several Fourier Transform Spectrometer Systems (FTS) around the globe. The results from these studies made remarkable improvements in the line positions and intensities for several molecules, particularly ozone and carbon dioxide in the 2 to 17-micrometer spectral region. Measurements of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients and the temperature dependence of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients for infrared transitions of ozone, methane, and water vapor were also performed. Results from these studies have been used for retrievals of stratospheric gas concentration profiles from data collected by several Upper Atmospheric Research satellite (UARS) infrared instruments as well as in the analysis of high resolution atmospheric spectra such as those acquired by space-based, ground-based, and various balloon-and aircraft-borne experiments. Our results made significant contributions in several updates of the HITRAN (HIgh resolution TRANsmission) spectral line parameters database. This database enjoys worldwide recognition in research involving diversified scientific fields.

Stand-off spectroscopy for the detection of chemical warfare agents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clewes, Rhea J.; Howle, Chris R.; Stothard, David J. M.; Dunn, Malcolm H.; Robertson, Gordon; Miller, William; Malcolm, Graeme; Maker, Gareth; Cox, Rick; Williams, Brad; Russell, Matt

2012-10-01

The most desirable configuration for detection of toxic chemicals utilises the maximum distance between detector and hazard. This approach minimises the contamination of equipment or personnel. Where the target chemical is an involatile liquid, indirect detection of the liquid contamination is made difficult by inherently low vapour pressure. In this instance, direct detection of the chemical hazard is the best approach. Recent technology developments have allowed spectroscopic systems to provide multiple options for the stand-off detection of involatile chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Two different stand-off spectroscopic systems, based upon IR absorption and Raman spectroscopic techniques are described here. The Negative Contrast Imager (NCI) is based upon an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) source comprising a Q-switched intracavity MgO:PPLN crystal. This crystal has a fanned grating design and wavelength tuning is achieved by translating the PPLN crystal within the 1064 nm pump beam. This approach enables the production of shortwave and midwave IR radiation (1.5 - 1.8 μm and 2.6 - 3.8 μm, respectively), which is scanned across the scene of interest. Target materials that have an absorption feature commensurate with the wavelength of incoming radiation reduce the intensity of returned signal, resulting in dark pixels in the acquired image. This method enables location and classification of the target material. Stand-off Raman spectroscopy allows target chemicals to be identified at range through comparison of the acquired signature relative to a spectral database. In this work, we used a Raman system based upon a 1047 nm Nd:YLF laser source and a proprietary InGaAsP camera system. Utilisation of a longer excitation wavelength than most conventional stand-off detection systems (e.g. 532 or 785 nm) enables reduction of fluorescence from both the surface and the deposited chemicals, thereby revealing the Raman spectrum. NCI and Raman spectroscopy are able to detect CWAs on surfaces at distances of 2 - 10 metres and have potential to detect over longer ranges. We report the successful identification of at least 60 μl of nitrogen mustard at a distance of a 2 m and 10 m using NCI and Raman spectroscopy.

Database for Rapid Dereplication of Known Natural Products Using Data from MS and Fast NMR Experiments.

PubMed

Zani, Carlos L; Carroll, Anthony R

2017-06-23

The discovery of novel and/or new bioactive natural products from biota sources is often confounded by the reisolation of known natural products. Dereplication strategies that involve the analysis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data to infer structural features present in purified natural products in combination with database searches of these substructures provide an efficient method to rapidly identify known natural products. Unfortunately this strategy has been hampered by the lack of publically available and comprehensive natural product databases and open source cheminformatics tools. A new platform, DEREP-NP, has been developed to help solve this problem. DEREP-NP uses the open source cheminformatics program DataWarrior to generate a database containing counts of 65 structural fragments present in 229 358 natural product structures derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms, published before 2013 and freely available in the nonproprietary Universal Natural Products Database (UNPD). By counting the number of times one or more of these structural features occurs in an unknown compound, as deduced from the analysis of its NMR ( 1 H, HSQC, and/or HMBC) and/or MS data, matching structures carrying the same numeric combination of searched structural features can be retrieved from the database. Confirmation that the matching structure is the same compound can then be verified through literature comparison of spectroscopic data. This methodology can be applied to both purified natural products and fractions containing a small number of individual compounds that are often generated as screening libraries. The utility of DEREP-NP has been verified through the analysis of spectra derived from compounds (and fractions containing two or three compounds) isolated from plant, marine invertebrate, and fungal sources. DEREP-NP is freely available at https://github.com/clzani/DEREP-NP and will help to streamline the natural product discovery process.

Orbital parameters of the multiple system EM Boo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Özkardeş, B.; Bakış, H.; Bakış, V.

2018-02-01

EM Boo is a relatively bright (V = 8.98 mag.) and short orbital period (P⁓2.45 days) binary star member of the multiple system WDS J14485+2445AB. There is neither photometric nor spectroscopic study of the system in the literature. In this work, we obtained spectroscopic orbital parameters of the system from new high resolution spectroscopic observations made with échelle spectrograph attached to UBT60 telescope of Akdeniz University. The spectroscopic solution yielded the values K1 = 100.7±2.6 km/s, K2 = 120.1±2.6 km/s and Vγ = -14.6±3.1 km/s, and thus the mass ratio of the system q = 0.838±0.064.

Simulating electric field interactions with polar molecules using spectroscopic databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Owens, Alec; Zak, Emil J.; Chubb, Katy L.; Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Tennyson, Jonathan; Yachmenev, Andrey

2017-03-01

Ro-vibrational Stark-associated phenomena of small polyatomic molecules are modelled using extensive spectroscopic data generated as part of the ExoMol project. The external field Hamiltonian is built from the computed ro-vibrational line list of the molecule in question. The Hamiltonian we propose is general and suitable for any polar molecule in the presence of an electric field. By exploiting precomputed data, the often prohibitively expensive computations associated with high accuracy simulations of molecule-field interactions are avoided. Applications to strong terahertz field-induced ro-vibrational dynamics of PH3 and NH3, and spontaneous emission data for optoelectrical Sisyphus cooling of H2CO and CH3Cl are discussed.

Velocity Curve Analysis of Spectroscopic Binary Stars AI Phe, GM Dra, HD 93917 and V502 Oph by Nonlinear Regression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karami, K.; Mohebi, R.

2007-08-01

We introduce a new method to derive the orbital parameters of spectroscopic binary stars by nonlinear least squares of (o-c). Using the measured radial velocity data of the four double lined spectroscopic binary systems, AI Phe, GM Dra, HD 93917 and V502 Oph, we derived both the orbital and combined spectroscopic elements of these systems. Our numerical results are in good agreement with the those obtained using the method of Lehmann-Filhé.

Cascaded systems analysis of charge sharing in cadmium telluride photon-counting x-ray detectors.

PubMed

Tanguay, Jesse; Cunningham, Ian A

2018-05-01

Single-photon-counting (SPC) and spectroscopic x-ray detectors are under development in academic and industry laboratories for medical imaging applications. The spatial resolution of SPC and spectroscopic x-ray detectors is an important design criterion. The purpose of this article was to extend the cascaded systems approach to include a description of the spatial resolution of SPC and spectroscopic x-ray imaging detectors. A cascaded systems approach was used to model reabsorption of characteristic x rays, Coulomb repulsion, and diffusion in SPC and spectroscopic x-ray detectors. In addition to reabsorption, diffusion, and Coulomb repulsion, the model accounted for x-ray conversion to electron-hole (e-h) pairs, integration of e-h pairs in detector elements, electronic noise, and energy thresholding. The probability density function (PDF) describing the number of e-h pairs was propagated through each stage of the model and was used to derive new theoretical expressions for the large-area gain and modulation transfer function (MTF) of CdTe SPC x-ray detectors, and the energy bin sensitivity functions and MTFs of CdTe spectroscopic detectors. Theoretical predictions were compared with the results of MATLAB-based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and published data. Comparisons were also made with the MTF of energy-integrating systems. Under general radiographic conditions, reabsorption, diffusion, and Coulomb repulsion together artificially inflate count rates by 20% to 50%. For thicker converters (e.g. 1000 μm) and larger detector elements (e.g. 500 μm pixel pitch) these processes result in modest inflation (i.e. ∼10%) in apparent count rates. Our theoretical and MC analyses predict that SPC MTFs will be degraded relative to those of energy-integrating systems for fluoroscopic, general radiographic, and CT imaging conditions. In most cases, this degradation is modest (i.e., ∼10% at the Nyquist frequency). However, for thicker converters, the SPC MTF can be degraded by up to 25% at the Nyquist frequency relative to EI systems. Additionally, unlike EI systems, the MTF of spectroscopic systems is strongly dependent on photon energy, which results in energy-bin-dependent spatial resolution in spectroscopic systems. The PDF-transfer approach to modeling signal transfer through SPC and spectroscopic x-ray imaging systems provides a framework for understanding system performance. Application of this approach demonstrated that charge sharing artificially inflates the SPC image signal and degrades the MTF of SPC and spectroscopic systems relative to energy-integrating systems. These results further motivate the need for anticharge-sharing circuits to mitigate the effects of charge sharing on SPC and spectroscopic x-ray image quality. © 2018 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

NASA's Laboratory Astrophysics Workshop: Opening Remarks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hasan, Hashima

2002-01-01

The Astronomy and Physics Division at NASA Headquarters has an active and vibrant program in Laboratory Astrophysics. The objective of the program is to provide the spectroscopic data required by observers to analyze data from NASA space astronomy missions. The program also supports theoretical investigations to provide those spectroscopic parameters that cannot be obtained in the laboratory; simulate space environment to understand formation of certain molecules, dust grains and ices; and production of critically compiled databases of spectroscopic parameters. NASA annually solicits proposals, and utilizes the peer review process to select meritorious investigations for funding. As the mission of NASA evolves, new missions are launched, and old ones are terminated, the Laboratory Astrophysics program needs to evolve accordingly. Consequently, it is advantageous for NASA and the astronomical community to periodically conduct a dialog to assess the status of the program. This Workshop provides a forum for producers and users of laboratory data to get together and understand each others needs and limitations. A multi-wavelength approach enables a cross fertilization of ideas across wavelength bands.

Quantitative fluorescence and elastic scattering tissue polarimetry using an Eigenvalue calibrated spectroscopic Mueller matrix system.

PubMed

Soni, Jalpa; Purwar, Harsh; Lakhotia, Harshit; Chandel, Shubham; Banerjee, Chitram; Kumar, Uday; Ghosh, Nirmalya

2013-07-01

A novel spectroscopic Mueller matrix system has been developed and explored for both fluorescence and elastic scattering polarimetric measurements from biological tissues. The 4 × 4 Mueller matrix measurement strategy is based on sixteen spectrally resolved (λ = 400 - 800 nm) measurements performed by sequentially generating and analyzing four elliptical polarization states. Eigenvalue calibration of the system ensured high accuracy of Mueller matrix measurement over a broad wavelength range, either for forward or backscattering geometry. The system was explored for quantitative fluorescence and elastic scattering spectroscopic polarimetric studies on normal and precancerous tissue sections from human uterine cervix. The fluorescence spectroscopic Mueller matrices yielded an interesting diattenuation parameter, exhibiting differences between normal and precancerous tissues.

Infrared Spectroscopy of Star Formation in Galactic and Extragalactic Regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Howard A.; Hasan, Hashima (Technical Monitor)

2003-01-01

In this program we proposed to perform a series of spectroscopic studies, including data analysis and modeling, of star formation regions using an ensemble of archival space-based data from the Infrared Space Observatory's Long Wavelength Spectrometer and Short Wavelength Spectrometer, and to take advantage of other spectroscopic databases including the first results from SIRTF. Our emphasis has been on star formation in external, bright IR galaxies, but other areas of research have included young, low or high mass pre-main sequence stars in star formation regions, and the galactic center. The OH lines in the far infrared were proposed as one key focus of this inquiry, because the Principal Investigator (H. Smith) had a full set of OH IR lines from IS0 observations. It was planned that during the proposed 2-1/2 year timeframe of the proposal other data (including perhaps from SIRTF) would become available, and we intended to be responsive to these and other such spectroscopic data sets. The program has the following goals: 1) Refine the data analysis of IS0 observations to obtain deeper and better SNR results on selected sources. The IS0 data itself underwent pipeline 10 reductions in early 2001, and the more 'hands-on data reduction packages' have been released. The IS0 Fabry-Perot database is particularly sensitive to noise and can have slight calibration errors, and improvements are anticipated. We plan to build on these deep analysis tools and contribute to their development. Model the atomic and molecular line shapes, in particular the OH lines, using revised montecarlo techniques developed by the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) team at the Center for Astrophysics. 2) 3) Use newly acquired space-based SIRTF or SOFIA spectroscopic data as they become available, and contribute to these observing programs as appropriate. 4) Attend scientific meetings and workshops. 5) E&PO activities, especially as related to infrared astrophysics and/or spectroscopy.

Broadband external cavity quantum cascade laser based sensor for gasoline detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Junya; He, Tianbo; Zhou, Sheng; Li, Jinsong

2018-02-01

A new type of tunable diode spectroscopy sensor based on an external cavity quantum cascade laser (ECQCL) and a quartz crystal tuning fork (QCTF) were used for quantitative analysis of volatile organic compounds. In this work, the sensor system had been tested on different gasoline sample analysis. For signal processing, the self-established interpolation algorithm and multiple linear regression algorithm model were used for quantitative analysis of major volatile organic compounds in gasoline samples. The results were very consistent with that of the standard spectra taken from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) database. In future, The ECQCL sensor will be used for trace explosive, chemical warfare agent, and toxic industrial chemical detection and spectroscopic analysis, etc.

LICA AstroCalc, a software to analyze the impact of artificial light: Extracting parameters from the spectra of street and indoor lamps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ayuga, Carlos Eugenio Tapia; Zamorano, Jaime

2018-07-01

The night sky spectra of light-polluted areas is the result of the artificial light scattered back from the atmosphere and the reemission of the light after reflections in painted surfaces. This emission comes mainly from street and decorative lamps. We have built an extensive database of lamps spectra covering from UV to near IR and the software needed to analyze them. We describe the LICA-AstroCalc free software that is a user friendly GUI tool to extract information from our database spectra or any other user provided spectrum. The software also includes the complete color database of paints from NCS comprising 1950 types. This helps to evaluate how different colors modify the reflected spectra from different lamps. All spectroscopic measurements have been validated with recommendations from CIELAB and ISO from NCS database.

Broadening of spectral lines of CO2, N2O , H2CO, HCN, and H2S by pressure of gases dominant in planetary atmospheres (H2, He and CO2)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samuels, Shanelle; Gordon, Iouli; Tan, Yan

2018-01-01

HITRAN1,2 is a compilation of spectroscopic parameters that a variety of computer codes use to predict and simulate the transmission and emission of light in planetary atmospheres. The goal of this project is to add to the potential of the HITRAN database towards the exploration of the planetary atmospheres by including parameters describing broadening of spectral lines by H2, CO2, and He. These spectroscopic data are very important for the study of the hydrogen and helium-rich atmospheres of gas giants as well as rocky planets with volcanic activities, including Venus and Mars, since their atmospheres are dominated by CO2. First step in this direction was accomplished by Wilzewski et al.3 where this was done for SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2. The molecules investigated in this work were CO2, N2O, H2CO, HCN and H2S. Line-broadening coefficients, line shifts and temperature-dependence exponents for transitions of these molecules perturbed by H2, CO2 and He have been assembled from available peer-reviewed experimental and theoretical sources. The data was evaluated and the database was populated with these data and their extrapolations/interpolations using semi-empirical models that were developed to this end.Acknowledgements: Financial support from NASA PDART grant NNX16AG51G and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Latino Initiative Program from the Latino Initiatives Pool, administered by the Smithsonian Latino Center is gratefully acknowledged.References: 1. HITRAN online http://hitran.org/2. Gordon, I.E., Rothman, L.S., Hill, C., Kochanov, R.V., Tan, Y., et al., 2017. The HITRAN2016 Molecular Spectroscopic Database. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.06.0383. Wilzewski, J.S., Gordon, I.E., Kochanov, R. V., Hill, C., Rothman, L.S., 2016. H2, He, and CO2 line-broadening coefficients, pressure shifts and temperature-dependence exponents for the HITRAN database. Part 1: SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 168, 193–206. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2015.09.003

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Mira stars discovered in LAMOST DR4 (Yao+, 2017)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, Y.; Liu, C.; Deng, L.; de Grijs, R.; Matsunaga, N.

2017-10-01

By the end of 2016 March, the wide-field Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) DR4 catalog had accumulated 7681185 spectra (R=1800), of which 6898298 were of stars. We compiled a photometrically confirmed sample of Mira variables from the Kiso Wide-Field Camera (KWFC) Intensive Survey of the Galactic Plane (KISOGP; Matsunaga 2017, arXiv:1705.08567), the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) International Database Variable Star Index (VSX; Watson 2006, B/vsx, version 2017-05-02; we selected stars of variability type "M"), and the SIMBAD Astronomical Database. We first cross-matched the KISOGP and VSX Miras with the LAMOST DR4 catalog. Finally, we cross-matched the DR4 catalog with the SIMBAD database. See section 2. (1 data file).

A Compact, Portable, Reduced-Cost, Gamma Ray Spectroscopic System for Nuclear Verification Final Report CRADA No. TSB-1551-98

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lavietes, A.; Kalkhoran, N.

The overall goal of this project was to demonstrate a compact gamma-ray spectroscopic system with better energy resolution and lower costs than scintillator-based detector systems for uranium enrichment analysis applications.

Quantum Entanglement Molecular Absorption Spectrum Simulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Quang-Viet; Kojima, Jun

2006-01-01

Quantum Entanglement Molecular Absorption Spectrum Simulator (QE-MASS) is a computer program for simulating two photon molecular-absorption spectroscopy using quantum-entangled photons. More specifically, QE-MASS simulates the molecular absorption of two quantum-entangled photons generated by the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) of a fixed-frequency photon from a laser. The two-photon absorption process is modeled via a combination of rovibrational and electronic single-photon transitions, using a wave-function formalism. A two-photon absorption cross section as a function of the entanglement delay time between the two photons is computed, then subjected to a fast Fourier transform to produce an energy spectrum. The program then detects peaks in the Fourier spectrum and displays the energy levels of very short-lived intermediate quantum states (or virtual states) of the molecule. Such virtual states were only previously accessible using ultra-fast (femtosecond) laser systems. However, with the use of a single-frequency continuous wave laser to produce SPDC photons, and QEMASS program, these short-lived molecular states can now be studied using much simpler laser systems. QE-MASS can also show the dependence of the Fourier spectrum on the tuning range of the entanglement time of any externally introduced optical-path delay time. QE-MASS can be extended to any molecule for which an appropriate spectroscopic database is available. It is a means of performing an a priori parametric analysis of entangled photon spectroscopy for development and implementation of emerging quantum-spectroscopic sensing techniques. QE-MASS is currently implemented using the Mathcad software package.

BD -22 5866: A Low-Mass, Quadruple-lined Spectroscopic and Eclipsing Binary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shkolnik, Evgenya; Liu, Michael C.; Reid, I. Neill; Hebb, Leslie; Cameron, Andrew C.; Torres, Carlos A.; Wilson, David M.

2008-08-01

We report our discovery of an extremely rare, low-mass, quadruple-lined spectroscopic binary BD -22 5866 (=NLTT 53279, integrated spectral type = M0 V), found during an ongoing search for the youngest M dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. From the cross-correlation function, we are able to measure relative flux levels, estimate the spectral types of the components, and set upper limits on the orbital periods and separations. The resulting system is hierarchical, composed of a K7 + K7 binary and an M1 + M2 binary with semimajor axes of aAsin iA <= 0.06 and aBsin iB <= 0.30 AU. A subsequent search of the SuperWASP photometric database revealed that the K7 + K7 binary is eclipsing with a period of 2.21 days and at an inclination angle of 85°. Within uncertainties of 5%, the masses and radii of both components appear to be equal (0.59 M⊙, 0.61 R⊙). These two tightly orbiting stars (a = 0.035 AU) are in synchronous rotation, causing the observed excess Ca II, Hα, X-ray, and UV emission. The fact that the system was unresolved with published adaptive optics imaging, limits the projected physical separation of the two binaries at the time of the observation to dABlesssim 4.1 AU at the photometric distance of 51 pc. The maximum observed radial velocity difference between the A and B binaries limits the orbit to aABsin iAB <= 6.1 AU. As this tight configuration is difficult to reproduce with current formation models of multiple systems, we speculate that an early dynamical process reduced the size of the system, such as the interaction of the two binaries with a circumquadruple disk. Intensive photometric, spectroscopic, and interferometric monitoring, as well as a parallax measurement of this rare quadruple system, is certainly warranted. Based on observations collected at the W. M. Keck Observatory and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). The Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership between the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA, and was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The CFHT is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii.

The water vapour continuum in near-infrared windows - Current understanding and prospects for its inclusion in spectroscopic databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shine, Keith P.; Campargue, Alain; Mondelain, Didier; McPheat, Robert A.; Ptashnik, Igor V.; Weidmann, Damien

2016-09-01

Spectroscopic catalogues, such as GEISA and HITRAN, do not yet include information on the water vapour continuum that pervades visible, infrared and microwave spectral regions. This is partly because, in some spectral regions, there are rather few laboratory measurements in conditions close to those in the Earth's atmosphere; hence understanding of the characteristics of the continuum absorption is still emerging. This is particularly so in the near-infrared and visible, where there has been renewed interest and activity in recent years. In this paper we present a critical review focusing on recent laboratory measurements in two near-infrared window regions (centred on 4700 and 6300 cm-1) and include reference to the window centred on 2600 cm-1 where more measurements have been reported. The rather few available measurements, have used Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS), cavity ring down spectroscopy, optical-feedback - cavity enhanced laser spectroscopy and, in very narrow regions, calorimetric interferometry. These systems have different advantages and disadvantages. Fourier Transform Spectroscopy can measure the continuum across both these and neighbouring windows; by contrast, the cavity laser techniques are limited to fewer wavenumbers, but have a much higher inherent sensitivity. The available results present a diverse view of the characteristics of continuum absorption, with differences in continuum strength exceeding a factor of 10 in the cores of these windows. In individual windows, the temperature dependence of the water vapour self-continuum differs significantly in the few sets of measurements that allow an analysis. The available data also indicate that the temperature dependence differs significantly between different near-infrared windows. These pioneering measurements provide an impetus for further measurements. Improvements and/or extensions in existing techniques would aid progress to a full characterisation of the continuum - as an example, we report pilot measurements of the water vapour self-continuum using a supercontinuum laser source coupled to an FTS. Such improvements, as well as additional measurements and analyses in other laboratories, would enable the inclusion of the water vapour continuum in future spectroscopic databases, and therefore allow for a more reliable forward modelling of the radiative properties of the atmosphere. It would also allow a more confident assessment of different theoretical descriptions of the underlying cause or causes of continuum absorption.

Infrared Spectroscopy of Star Formation in Galactic and Extragalactic Regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Howard A.; Hasan, Hashima (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

This report details work done in a project involving spectroscopic studies, including data analysis and modeling, of star-formation regions using an ensemble of archival space-based data including some from the Infrared Space Observatory's Long Wavelength Spectrometer and Short Wavelength Spectrometer, and other spectroscopic databases. We will include four kinds of regions: (1) disks around more evolved objects; (2) young, low or high mass pre-main sequence stars in star-formation regions; (3) star formation in external, bright IR (infrared) galaxies; and (4) the galactic center. During this period, work proceeded fully on track and on time. Details on workshops and conferences attended and research results are presented. A preprint article entitled 'The Far Infrared Lines of OH as Molecular Cloud Diagnostics' is included as an appendix.

EXO-DAT: AN INFORMATION SYSTEM IN SUPPORT OF THE CoRoT/EXOPLANET SCIENCE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deleuil, M.; Meunier, J. C.; Moutou, C.

2009-08-15

Exo-Dat is a database and an information system created primarily in support of the exoplanet program of the COnvection ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) mission. In the directions of CoRoT pointings, it provides a united interface to several sets of data: stellar published catalogs, photometric and spectroscopic data obtained during the mission preparation, results from the mission and from follow-up observations, and several mission-specific technical parameters. The new photometric data constitute the subcatalog Exo-Cat, and give consistent 4-color photometry of 14.0 million stars with a completeness to 19th magnitude in the r-filter. It covers several zones in the galactic planemore » around CoRoT pointings, with a total area of 209 deg{sup 2}. This Exo-Dat information system provides essential technical support to the ongoing CoRoT light-curve analyses and ground-based follow-up by supplying additional complementary information such as the prior knowledge of the star's fundamental parameters or its contamination level inside the large CoRoT photometric mask. The database is fully interfaced with VO tools and thus benefits from existing visualization and analysis tools like TOPCAT or ALADIN. It is accessible to the CoRoT community through the Web, and will be gradually opened to the public. It is the ideal tool to prepare the foreseen statistical studies of the properties of the exoplanetary systems. As a VO-compliant system, such analyses could thus benefit from the most up-to-date classifier tools.« less

ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TO AQUEOUS SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the great potential that the Raman spectroscopic technique offers for environmental applications, particularly to aqueous systems. We demonstrate the benefits of the technique relative to other information-rich spectroscopic techniques, i...

Spectral Line-Shape Model to Replace the Voigt Profile in Spectroscopic Databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lisak, Daniel; Ngo, Ngoc Hoa; Tran, Ha; Hartmann, Jean-Michel

2014-06-01

The standard description of molecular line shapes in spectral databases and radiative transfer codes is based on the Voigt profile. It is well known that its simplified assumptions of absorber free motion and independence of collisional parameters from absorber velocity lead to systematic errors in analysis of experimental spectra, and retrieval of gas concentration. We demonstrate1,2 that the partially correlated quadratic speed-dependent hardcollision profile3. (pCqSDHCP) is a good candidate to replace the Voigt profile in the next generations of spectroscopic databases. This profile takes into account the following physical effects: the Doppler broadening, the pressure broadening and shifting of the line, the velocity-changing collisions, the speed-dependence of pressure broadening and shifting, and correlations between velocity- and phase/state-changing collisions. The speed-dependence of pressure broadening and shifting is incorporated into the pCqSDNGP in the so-called quadratic approximation. The velocity-changing collisions lead to the Dicke narrowing effect; however in many cases correlations between velocityand phase/state-changing collisions may lead to effective reduction of observed Dicke narrowing. The hard-collision model of velocity-changing collisions is also known as the Nelkin-Ghatak model or Rautian model. Applicability of the pCqSDHCP for different molecular systems was tested on calculated and experimental spectra of such molecules as H2, O2, CO2, H2O in a wide span of pressures. For all considered systems, pCqSDHCP is able to describe molecular spectra at least an order of magnitude better than the Voigt profile with all fitted parameters being linear with pressure. In the most cases pCqSDHCP can reproduce the reference spectra down to 0.2% or better, which fulfills the requirements of the most demanding remote-sensing applications. An important advantage of pCqSDHCP is that a fast algorithm for its computation was developedab4,5 and allows for its calculation only a few times slower than the standard Voigt profile. Moreover, the pCqSDHCP reduces to many simpler models commonly used in experimental spectra analysis simply by setting some parameters to zero, and it can be easily extended to incorporate the line-mixing effect in the first-order approximation. The idea of using pCqSDHCP as a standard profile to go beyond the Voigt profile for description of H2O line shapes was recently supported by the IUPAC task group6 which also recommended to call this profile with fast computation algorithm the HTP profile (for Hartmann-Tran).

VizieR Online Data Catalog: VIMOS Public Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS) DR1 (Garilli+, 2014)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garilli, B.; Guzzo, L.; Scodeggio, M.; Bolzonella, M.; Abbas, U.; Adami, C.; Arnouts, S.; Bel, J.; Bottini, D.; Branchini, E.; Cappi, A.; Coupon, J.; Cucciati, O.; Davidzon, I.; de Lucia, G.; de la Torre, S.; Franzetti, P.; Fritz, A.; Fumana, M.; Granett, B. R.; Ilbert, O.; Iovino, A.; Krywult, J.; Le Brun, V.; Le Fevre, O.; Maccagni, D.; Malek, K.; Marulli, F.; McCracken, H. J.; Paioro, L.; Polletta, M.; Pollo, A.; Schlagenhaufer, H.; Tasca, L. A. M.; Tojeiro, R.; Vergani, D.; Zamorani, G.; Zanichelli, A.; Burden, A.; di Porto, C.; Marchetti, A.; Marinoni, C.; Mellier, Y.; Moscardini, L.; Nichol, R. C.; Peacock, J. A.; Percival, W. J.; Phleps, S.; Wolk, M.

2014-09-01

We present the first Public Data Release (PDR-1) of the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS). It comprises 57204 spectroscopic measurements together with all additional information necessary for optimal scientific exploitation of the data, in particular the associated photometric measurements and quantification of the photometric and survey completeness. VIPERS is an ESO Large Programme designed to build a spectroscopic sample of =~100000 galaxies with iAB<22.5 and 0.5

Integrating the intrinsic conformational preferences of non-coded α-amino acids modified at the peptide bond into the NCAD database

PubMed Central

Revilla-López, Guillem; Rodríguez-Ropero, Francisco; Curcó, David; Torras, Juan; Calaza, M. Isabel; Zanuy, David; Jiménez, Ana I.; Cativiela, Carlos; Nussinov, Ruth; Alemán, Carlos

2011-01-01

Recently, we reported a database (NCAD, Non-Coded Amino acids Database; http://recerca.upc.edu/imem/index.htm) that was built to compile information about the intrinsic conformational preferences of non-proteinogenic residues determined by quantum mechanical calculations, as well as bibliographic information about their synthesis, physical and spectroscopic characterization, the experimentally-established conformational propensities, and applications (J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114, 7413). The database initially contained the information available for α-tetrasubstituted α-amino acids. In this work, we extend NCAD to three families of compounds, which can be used to engineer peptides and proteins incorporating modifications at the –NHCO– peptide bond. Such families are: N-substituted α-amino acids, thio-α-amino acids, and diamines and diacids used to build retropeptides. The conformational preferences of these compounds have been analyzed and described based on the information captured in the database. In addition, we provide an example of the utility of the database and of the compounds it compiles in protein and peptide engineering. Specifically, the symmetry of a sequence engineered to stabilize the 310-helix with respect to the α-helix has been broken without perturbing significantly the secondary structure through targeted replacements using the information contained in the database. PMID:21491493

Explore Full Range of QSO/AGN Properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oliversen, Ronald (Technical Monitor); Wilkes, Belinda

2005-01-01

The goal of the proposal is to perform ISO spectroscopic studies, including data analysis and modeling, of star formation regions using an ensemble of archival space-based data from the Infrared Space Observatory s Long Wavelength Spectrometer and Short Wavelength Spectrometer, but including as well some other spectroscopic databases. Four kinds of regions are considered in the studies: (1) disks around more evolved objects; (2) young, low or high mass pre-main sequence stars in star formation regions; (3) star formation in external, bright IR galaxies; and (4) the galactic center. One prime focus of the program is the OH lines in the far infrared. The program had the following goals: 1) Refine the data analysis of IS0 observations to obtain deeper and better SNR results on selected sources. The IS0 data itself underwent "pipeline 10" reductions in early 2001, and additional "hands-on data reduction packages" were supplied by the IS0 teams in 2001. The Fabry-Perot database is particularly sensitive to noise and slight calibration errors. 2) Model the atomic and molecular line shapes, in particular the OH lines, using revised monte- carlo techniques developed by the SWAS team at the Center for Astrophysics; 3) Attend scientific meetings and workshops; 4) Do E&PO activities related to infrared astrophysics and/or spectroscopy.

Strong-lensing analysis of A2744 with MUSE and Hubble Frontier Fields images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahler, G.; Richard, J.; Clément, B.; Lagattuta, D.; Schmidt, K.; Patrício, V.; Soucail, G.; Bacon, R.; Pello, R.; Bouwens, R.; Maseda, M.; Martinez, J.; Carollo, M.; Inami, H.; Leclercq, F.; Wisotzki, L.

2018-01-01

We present an analysis of Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations obtained on the massive Frontier Fields (FFs) cluster A2744. This new data set covers the entire multiply imaged region around the cluster core. The combined catalogue consists of 514 spectroscopic redshifts (with 414 new identifications). We use this redshift information to perform a strong-lensing analysis revising multiple images previously found in the deep FF images, and add three new MUSE-detected multiply imaged systems with no obvious Hubble Space Telescope counterpart. The combined strong-lensing constraints include a total of 60 systems producing 188 images altogether, out of which 29 systems and 83 images are spectroscopically confirmed, making A2744 one of the most well-constrained clusters to date. Thanks to the large amount of spectroscopic redshifts, we model the influence of substructures at larger radii, using a parametrization including two cluster-scale components in the cluster core and several group scale in the outskirts. The resulting model accurately reproduces all the spectroscopic multiple systems, reaching an rms of 0.67 arcsec in the image plane. The large number of MUSE spectroscopic redshifts gives us a robust model, which we estimate reduces the systematic uncertainty on the 2D mass distribution by up to ∼2.5 times the statistical uncertainty in the cluster core. In addition, from a combination of the parametrization and the set of constraints, we estimate the relative systematic uncertainty to be up to 9 per cent at 200 kpc.

Spectroscopically Enhanced Method and System for Multi-Factor Biometric Authentication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pishva, Davar

This paper proposes a spectroscopic method and system for preventing spoofing of biometric authentication. One of its focus is to enhance biometrics authentication with a spectroscopic method in a multifactor manner such that a person's unique ‘spectral signatures’ or ‘spectral factors’ are recorded and compared in addition to a non-spectroscopic biometric signature to reduce the likelihood of imposter getting authenticated. By using the ‘spectral factors’ extracted from reflectance spectra of real fingers and employing cluster analysis, it shows how the authentic fingerprint image presented by a real finger can be distinguished from an authentic fingerprint image embossed on an artificial finger, or molded on a fingertip cover worn by an imposter. This paper also shows how to augment two widely used biometrics systems (fingerprint and iris recognition devices) with spectral biometrics capabilities in a practical manner and without creating much overhead or inconveniencing their users.

The IACOB project. V. Spectroscopic parameters of the O-type stars in the modern grid of standards for spectral classification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holgado, G.; Simón-Díaz, S.; Barbá, R. H.; Puls, J.; Herrero, A.; Castro, N.; Garcia, M.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Negueruela, I.; Sabín-Sanjulián, C.

2018-06-01

Context. The IACOB and OWN surveys are two ambitious, complementary observational projects which have made available a large multi-epoch spectroscopic database of optical high resolution spectra of Galactic massive O-type stars. Aims: Our aim is to study the full sample of (more than 350) O stars surveyed by the IACOB and OWN projects. As a first step towards this aim, we have performed the quantitative spectroscopic analysis of a subsample of 128 stars included in the modern grid of O-type standards for spectral classification. The sample comprises stars with spectral types in the range O3-O9.7 and covers all luminosity classes. Methods: We used the semi-automatized IACOB-BROAD and IACOB-GBAT/FASTWIND tools to determine the complete set of spectroscopic parameters that can be obtained from the optical spectrum of O-type stars. A quality flag was assigned to the outcome of the IACOB-GBAT/FASTWIND analysis for each star, based on a visual evaluation of how the synthetic spectrum of the best fitting FASTWIND model reproduces the observed spectrum. We also benefitted from the multi-epoch character of the IACOB and OWN surveys to perform a spectroscopic variability study of the complete sample, providing two different flags for each star accounting for spectroscopic binarity as well as variability of the main wind diagnostic lines. Results: We obtain - for the first time in a homogeneous and complete manner - the full set of spectroscopic parameters of the "anchors" of the spectral classification system in the O star domain. We provide a general overview of the stellar and wind parameters of this reference sample, as well as updated recipes for the SpT-Teff and SpT-log g calibrations for Galactic O-type stars. We also propose a distance-independent test for the wind-momentum luminosity relationship. We evaluate the reliability of our semi-automatized analysis strategy using a subsample of 40 stars extensively studied in the literature, and find a fairly good agreement between our derived effective temperatures and gravities and those obtained by means of more traditional "by-eye" techniques and different stellar atmosphere codes. The overall agreement between the synthetic spectra associated with the IACOB-GBAT/FASTWIND best fitting models and the observed spectra is good for most of the analyzed targets, but 46 stars out of the 128 present a particular behavior of the wind diagnostic lines that cannot be reproduced by our grid of spherically symmetric unclumped models. These are potential targets of interest for more detailed investigations of clumpy winds and/or the existence of additional circumstellar emitting components contaminating the wind diagnostic lines (e.g., disks, magnetospheres). Last, our spectroscopic variability study has led to the detection of clear or likely signatures of spectroscopic binarity in 27% of the stars and small amplitude radial velocity variations in the photospheric lines of another 30%. Additionally, 31% of the investigated stars show variability in the wind diagnostic lines. Tables D.1 and D.2 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/613/A65

An empirical spectroscopic database for acetylene in the regions of 5850-6341 cm-1 and 7000-9415 cm-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lyulin, O. M.; Campargue, A.

2017-12-01

Six studies have been recently devoted to a systematic analysis of the high-resolution near infrared absorption spectrum of acetylene recorded by Cavity Ring Down spectroscopy (CRDS) in Grenoble and by Fourier-transform spectroscopy (FTS) in Brussels and Hefei. On the basis of these works, in the present contribution, we construct an empirical database for acetylene in the 5850-9415 cm-1 region excluding the 6341-7000 cm-1 interval corresponding to the very strong ν1+ν3 manifold. Our database gathers and extends information included in our CRDS and FTS studies. In particular, the intensities of about 1700 lines measured by CRDS in the 7244-7920 cm-1 region are reported for the first time together with those of several bands of 12C13CH2 present in natural isotopic abundance in the acetylene sample. The Herman-Wallis coefficients of most of the bands are derived from a fit of the measured intensity values. A recommended line list is provided with positions calculated using empirical spectroscopic parameters of the lower and upper energy vibrational levels and intensities calculated using the derived Herman-Wallis coefficients. This approach allows completing the experimental list by adding missing lines and improving poorly determined positions and intensities. As a result the constructed line list includes a total of 11113 transitions belonging to 150 bands of 12C2H2 and 29 bands of 12C13CH2. For comparison the HITRAN database in the same region includes 869 transitions of 14 bands, all belonging to 12C2H2. Our weakest lines have an intensity on the order of 10-29 cm/molecule, about three orders of magnitude smaller than the HITRAN intensity cut off. Line profile parameters are added to the line list which is provided in HITRAN format. The comparison of the acetylene database to the HITRAN2012 line list or to results obtained using the global effective operator approach is discussed in terms of completeness and accuracy.

HITRANonline: a New Structure and Interface for HITRAN Line Lists and Cross Sections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hill, Christian; Rothman, Laurence S.; Gordon, Iouli E.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Wcislo, Piotr; Wilzewski, Jonas

2015-06-01

We present HITRANonline, an online interface to the internationally-recognised HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database[1], and describe the structure of its relational database backend[2]. As the amount and complexity of spectroscopic data on molecules used in atmospheric modelling has increased, the existing 160-character, text-based format has become inadequate for its description. For example, line shapes such as the Hartmann-Tran profile[3] require up to six parameters for their full description (each with uncertainties and references), data is available on line-broadening by species other than ``air'' and ``self'' and more than the current maximum of 10 isotopologues of some molecules (for example, CO_2) can be important for accurate radiative-transfer modelling. The new relational database structure overcomes all of these limitations as well as allowing for better data provenance through ``timestamping'' of transitions and a direct link between items of data and their literature sources. To take full advantage of this new database structure, the online interface HITRANonline, available at www.hitran.org, provides a user-friendly way to make queries of HITRAN data with the option of returning it in a customizable format with user-defined fields and precisions. Binary formats such as HDF-5 are also supported. In addition to the data, each query also produces its own bibliography (in HTML and BibTeX formats), ``README'' documentation and interactive graph for easy visualization. L. S. Rothman et al., JSQRT 130, 4-50 (2013). C. Hill, I. E. Gordon, L. S. Rothman, J. Tennyson, JQSRT130, 51-61 (2013). N. H. Ngo, D. Lisak, H. Tran, J.-M. Hartmann, JQSRT 129, 89--100, (2013); erratum: JQSRT 134, 105 (2014). This work has been supported by NASA Aura Science Team Grant NNX14AI55G and NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant NNX13AI59G.

An Empirical Spectroscopic Database for Acetylene in the Regions of 5850-9415 CM^{-1}

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Campargue, Alain; Lyulin, Oleg

2017-06-01

Six studies have been recently devoted to a systematic analysis of the high-resolution near infrared absorption spectrum of acetylene recorded by Cavity Ring Down spectroscopy (CRDS) in Grenoble and by Fourier-transform spectroscopy (FTS) in Brussels and Hefei. On the basis of these works, in the present contribution, we construct an empirical database for acetylene in the 5850 - 9415 \\wn region excluding the 6341-7000 \\wn interval corresponding to the very strong νb{1}+ νb{3} manifold. The database gathers and extends information included in our CRDS and FTS studies. In particular, the intensities of about 1700 lines measured by CRDS in the 7244-7920 \\wn are reported for the first time together with those of several bands of ^{12}C^{13}CH_{2} present in natural isotopic abundance in the acetylene sample. The Herman-Wallis coefficients of most of the bands are derived from a fit of the measured intensity values. A recommended line list is provided with positions calculated using empirical spectroscopic parameters of the lower and upper energy vibrational levels and intensities calculated using the derived Herman-Wallis coefficients. This approach allows completing the experimental list by adding missing lines and improving poorly determined positions and intensities. As a result the constructed line list includes a total of 10973 lines belonging to 146 bands of ^{12}C_{2}H_{2} and 29 bands of ^{12}C^{13}CH_{2}. For comparison the HITRAN2012 database in the same region includes 869 lines of 14 bands, all belonging to ^{12}C_{2}H_{2}. Our weakest lines have an intensity on the order of 10^{-29} cm/molecule,about three orders of magnitude smaller than the HITRAN intensity cut off. Line profile parameters are added to the line list which is provided in HITRAN format. The comparison to the HITRAN2012 line list or to results obtained using the global effective operator approach is discussed in terms of completeness and accuracy.

Spectroscopic imaging of biomaterials and biological systems with FTIR microscopy or with quantum cascade lasers.

PubMed

Kimber, James A; Kazarian, Sergei G

2017-10-01

Spectroscopic imaging of biomaterials and biological systems has received increased interest within the last decade because of its potential to aid in the detection of disease using biomaterials/biopsy samples and to probe the states of live cells in a label-free manner. The factors behind this increased attention include the availability of improved infrared microscopes and systems that do not require the use of a synchrotron as a light source, as well as the decreasing costs of these systems. This article highlights the current technical challenges and future directions of mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging within this field. Specifically, these are improvements in spatial resolution and spectral quality through the use of novel added lenses and computational algorithms, as well as quantum cascade laser imaging systems, which offer advantages over traditional Fourier transform infrared systems with respect to the speed of acquisition and field of view. Overcoming these challenges will push forward spectroscopic imaging as a viable tool for disease diagnostics and medical research. Graphical abstract Absorbance images of a biopsy obtained using an FTIR imaging microscope with and without an added lens, and also using a QCL microscope with high-NA objective.

Database and Related Activities in Japan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Murakami, Izumi; Kato, Daiji; Kato, Masatoshi

2011-05-11

We have constructed and made available atomic and molecular (AM) numerical databases on collision processes such as electron-impact excitation and ionization, recombination and charge transfer of atoms and molecules relevant for plasma physics, fusion research, astrophysics, applied-science plasma, and other related areas. The retrievable data is freely accessible via the internet. We also work on atomic data evaluation and constructing collisional-radiative models for spectroscopic plasma diagnostics. Recently we have worked on Fe ions and W ions theoretically and experimentally. The atomic data and collisional-radiative models for these ions are examined and applied to laboratory plasmas. A visible M1 transition ofmore » W{sup 26+} ion is identified at 389.41 nm by EBIT experiments and theoretical calculations. We have small non-retrievable databases in addition to our main database. Recently we evaluated photo-absorption cross sections for 9 atoms and 23 molecules and we present them as a new database. We established a new association ''Forum of Atomic and Molecular Data and Their Applications'' to exchange information among AM data producers, data providers and data users in Japan and we hope this will help to encourage AM data activities in Japan.« less

CamMedNP: building the Cameroonian 3D structural natural products database for virtual screening.

PubMed

Ntie-Kang, Fidele; Mbah, James A; Mbaze, Luc Meva'a; Lifongo, Lydia L; Scharfe, Michael; Hanna, Joelle Ngo; Cho-Ngwa, Fidelis; Onguéné, Pascal Amoa; Owono Owono, Luc C; Megnassan, Eugene; Sippl, Wolfgang; Efange, Simon M N

2013-04-16

Computer-aided drug design (CADD) often involves virtual screening (VS) of large compound datasets and the availability of such is vital for drug discovery protocols. We present CamMedNP - a new database beginning with more than 2,500 compounds of natural origin, along with some of their derivatives which were obtained through hemisynthesis. These are pure compounds which have been previously isolated and characterized using modern spectroscopic methods and published by several research teams spread across Cameroon. In the present study, 224 distinct medicinal plant species belonging to 55 plant families from the Cameroonian flora have been considered. About 80 % of these have been previously published and/or referenced in internationally recognized journals. For each compound, the optimized 3D structure, drug-like properties, plant source, collection site and currently known biological activities are given, as well as literature references. We have evaluated the "drug-likeness" of this database using Lipinski's "Rule of Five". A diversity analysis has been carried out in comparison with the ChemBridge diverse database. CamMedNP could be highly useful for database screening and natural product lead generation programs.

Database and Related Activities in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murakami, Izumi; Kato, Daiji; Kato, Masatoshi; Sakaue, Hiroyuki A.; Kato, Takako; Ding, Xiaobin; Morita, Shigeru; Kitajima, Masashi; Koike, Fumihiro; Nakamura, Nobuyuki; Sakamoto, Naoki; Sasaki, Akira; Skobelev, Igor; Tsuchida, Hidetsugu; Ulantsev, Artemiy; Watanabe, Tetsuya; Yamamoto, Norimasa

2011-05-01

We have constructed and made available atomic and molecular (AM) numerical databases on collision processes such as electron-impact excitation and ionization, recombination and charge transfer of atoms and molecules relevant for plasma physics, fusion research, astrophysics, applied-science plasma, and other related areas. The retrievable data is freely accessible via the internet. We also work on atomic data evaluation and constructing collisional-radiative models for spectroscopic plasma diagnostics. Recently we have worked on Fe ions and W ions theoretically and experimentally. The atomic data and collisional-radiative models for these ions are examined and applied to laboratory plasmas. A visible M1 transition of W26+ ion is identified at 389.41 nm by EBIT experiments and theoretical calculations. We have small non-retrievable databases in addition to our main database. Recently we evaluated photo-absorption cross sections for 9 atoms and 23 molecules and we present them as a new database. We established a new association "Forum of Atomic and Molecular Data and Their Applications" to exchange information among AM data producers, data providers and data users in Japan and we hope this will help to encourage AM data activities in Japan.

Long-term data archiving

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moore, David Steven

2009-01-01

Long term data archiving has much value for chemists, not only to retain access to research and product development records, but also to enable new developments and new discoveries. There are some recent regulatory requirements (e.g., FDA 21 CFR Part 11), but good science and good business both benefit regardless. A particular example of the benefits of and need for long term data archiving is the management of data from spectroscopic laboratory instruments. The sheer amount of spectroscopic data is increasing at a scary rate, and the pressures to archive come from the expense to create the data (or recreatemore » it if it is lost) as well as its high information content. The goal of long-term data archiving is to save and organize instrument data files as well as any needed meta data (such as sample ID, LIMS information, operator, date, time, instrument conditions, sample type, excitation details, environmental parameters, etc.). This editorial explores the issues involved in long-term data archiving using the example of Raman spectral databases. There are at present several such databases, including common data format libraries and proprietary libraries. However, such databases and libraries should ultimately satisfy stringent criteria for long term data archiving, including readability for long times into the future, robustness to changes in computer hardware and operating systems, and use of public domain data formats. The latter criterion implies the data format should be platform independent and the tools to create the data format should be easily and publicly obtainable or developable. Several examples of attempts at spectral libraries exist, such as the ASTM ANDI format, and the JCAMP-DX format. On the other hand, proprietary library spectra can be exchanged and manipulated using proprietary tools. As the above examples have deficiencies according to the three long term data archiving criteria, Extensible Markup Language (XML; a product of the World Wide Web Consortium, an independent standards body) as a new data interchange tool is being investigated and implemented. In order to facilitate data archiving, Raman data needs calibration as well as some other kinds of data treatment. Figure 1 illustrates schematically the present situation for Raman data calibration in the world-wide Raman spectroscopy community, and presents some of the terminology used.« less

Proposal of one-shot-type spectroscopic-tomography for non-invasive medical-measurement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sato, Shun; Fujiwara, Masaru; Abeygunawardhana, Pradeep K. W.; Suzuki, Satoru; Nishiyama, Akira; Ishimaru, Ichiro

2013-06-01

The one-shot-type spectroscopic-tomography is proposed to develop the medical-patient-condition monitoring systems. The optical-setup is configured with the relative-inclined phase-shifter for improving the time resolution and the phase-shift array for improving visibility. We obtained the line-spectroscopic imaging and could recognize the Hg bright-line-spectrum that is a component of the light-source. The realization of the optical stethoscope for early diagnosis of cancer can be expected by obtaining the 2-dimensional spectroscopic distribution with rotating interferometer.

The Gaia FGK benchmark stars. High resolution spectral library

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanco-Cuaresma, S.; Soubiran, C.; Jofré, P.; Heiter, U.

2014-06-01

Context. An increasing number of high-resolution stellar spectra is available today thanks to many past and ongoing spectroscopic surveys. Consequently, numerous methods have been developed to perform an automatic spectral analysis on a massive amount of data. When reviewing published results, biases arise and they need to be addressed and minimized. Aims: We are providing a homogeneous library with a common set of calibration stars (known as the Gaia FGK benchmark stars) that will allow us to assess stellar analysis methods and calibrate spectroscopic surveys. Methods: High-resolution and signal-to-noise spectra were compiled from different instruments. We developed an automatic process to homogenize the observed data and assess the quality of the resulting library. Results: We built a high-quality library that will facilitate the assessment of spectral analyses and the calibration of present and future spectroscopic surveys. The automation of the process minimizes the human subjectivity and ensures reproducibility. Additionally, it allows us to quickly adapt the library to specific needs that can arise from future spectroscopic analyses. Based on NARVAL and HARPS data obtained within the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and coordinated by the GBOG (Ground-Based Observations for Gaia) working group, and on data retrieved from the ESO-ADP database.The library of spectra is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/566/A98

The Charge State of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Across Reflection Nebulae: PAH Charge Balance and Calibration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boersma, C.; Bregman, J.; Allamandola, L. J.

2016-11-01

Low-resolution Spitzer spectral map data (>1700 spectra) of ten reflection nebulae (RNe) fields are analyzed using the data and tools available through the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database. The PAH emission is broken down into PAH charge state using a database fitting approach. Here, the physics of the PAH emission process is taken into account and uses target appropriate parameters, e.g., a stellar radiation model for the exciting star. The breakdown results are combined with results derived using the traditional PAH band strength approach, which interprets particular PAH band strength ratios as proxies for the PAH charge state, e.g., the 6.2/11.2 μm PAH band strength ratio. These are successfully calibrated against their database equivalent; the PAH ionized fraction (f I ). The PAH ionized fraction is converted into the PAH ionization parameter, which relates the PAH ionized fraction to the strength of the radiation field, gas temperature and electron density. The behavior of the 12.7 μm PAH band is evaluated as a tracer for PAH ionization and erosion. The plot of the 8.6 versus 11.2 μm PAH band strength for the northwest photo-dominated region (PDR) in NGC 7023 is shown to be a robust diagnostic template for the PAH ionized fraction. Remarkably, most of the other RNe fall within the limits set by NGC 7023. Finally, PAH spectroscopic templates are constructed and verified as principal components. Template spectra derived from NGC 7023 and NGC 2023 compare extremely well with each other, with those derived for NGC 7023 successfully reproducing the PAH emission observed from NGC 2023.

THE CHARGE STATE OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ACROSS REFLECTION NEBULAE: PAH CHARGE BALANCE AND CALIBRATION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Boersma, C.; Bregman, J.; Allamandola, L. J., E-mail: Christiaan.Boersma@nasa.gov

Low-resolution Spitzer spectral map data (>1700 spectra) of ten reflection nebulae (RNe) fields are analyzed using the data and tools available through the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database. The PAH emission is broken down into PAH charge state using a database fitting approach. Here, the physics of the PAH emission process is taken into account and uses target appropriate parameters, e.g., a stellar radiation model for the exciting star. The breakdown results are combined with results derived using the traditional PAH band strength approach, which interprets particular PAH band strength ratios as proxies for the PAH charge state, e.g.,more » the 6.2/11.2 μ m PAH band strength ratio. These are successfully calibrated against their database equivalent; the PAH ionized fraction ( f {sub i} ). The PAH ionized fraction is converted into the PAH ionization parameter, which relates the PAH ionized fraction to the strength of the radiation field, gas temperature and electron density. The behavior of the 12.7 μ m PAH band is evaluated as a tracer for PAH ionization and erosion. The plot of the 8.6 versus 11.2 μ m PAH band strength for the northwest photo-dominated region (PDR) in NGC 7023 is shown to be a robust diagnostic template for the PAH ionized fraction. Remarkably, most of the other RNe fall within the limits set by NGC 7023. Finally, PAH spectroscopic templates are constructed and verified as principal components. Template spectra derived from NGC 7023 and NGC 2023 compare extremely well with each other, with those derived for NGC 7023 successfully reproducing the PAH emission observed from NGC 2023.« less

Spectroscopic and electric dipole properties of Sr+Ar and SrAr systems including high excited states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamdi, Rafika; Abdessalem, Kawther; Dardouri, Riadh; Al-Ghamdi, Attieh A.; Oujia, Brahim; Gadéa, Florent Xavier

2018-01-01

The spectroscopic properties of the fundamental and several excited states of Sr+Ar and SrAr, Van der Waals systems are investigated by employing an ab initio method in a pseudo-potential approach. The potential energy curves and the spectroscopic parameters are displayed for the 1-10 2Σ+, 1-6 2Π and 1-3 2Δ electronic states of the Sr+Ar molecule and for the 1-6 1Σ+, 1-4 3Σ+, 1-3 1,3Π and 1-3 1,3Δ states of the neutral molecule SrAr. In addition, from these curves, the vibrational levels and their energy spacing are deduced for Σ+, Π and Δ symmetries. The spectra of the permanent and transition dipole moments are studied for the 1,3Σ+ states of SrAr, which are considered to be two-electron systems and 2Σ+ states of the single electron Sr+Ar ion. The spectroscopic parameters obtained for each molecular system are compared with previous theoretical and experimental works. A significant correlation revealed the accuracy of our results.

Single nanoparticle tracking spectroscopic microscope

DOEpatents

Yang, Haw [Moraga, CA; Cang, Hu [Berkeley, CA; Xu, Cangshan [Berkeley, CA; Wong, Chung M [San Gabriel, CA

2011-07-19

A system that can maintain and track the position of a single nanoparticle in three dimensions for a prolonged period has been disclosed. The system allows for continuously imaging the particle to observe any interactions it may have. The system also enables the acquisition of real-time sequential spectroscopic information from the particle. The apparatus holds great promise in performing single molecule spectroscopy and imaging on a non-stationary target.

Astronomical Surveys, Catalogs, Databases, and Archives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mickaelian, A. M.

2016-06-01

All-sky and large-area astronomical surveys and their cataloged data over the whole range of electromagnetic spectrum are reviewed, from γ-ray to radio, such as Fermi-GLAST and INTEGRAL in γ-ray, ROSAT, XMM and Chandra in X-ray, GALEX in UV, SDSS and several POSS I and II based catalogues (APM, MAPS, USNO, GSC) in optical range, 2MASS in NIR, WISE and AKARI IRC in MIR, IRAS and AKARI FIS in FIR, NVSS and FIRST in radio and many others, as well as most important surveys giving optical images (DSS I and II, SDSS, etc.), proper motions (Tycho, USNO, Gaia), variability (GCVS, NSVS, ASAS, Catalina, Pan-STARRS) and spectroscopic data (FBS, SBS, Case, HQS, HES, SDSS, CALIFA, GAMA). Most important astronomical databases and archives are reviewed as well, including Wide-Field Plate DataBase (WFPDB), ESO, HEASARC, IRSA and MAST archives, CDS SIMBAD, VizieR and Aladin, NED and HyperLEDA extragalactic databases, ADS and astro-ph services. They are powerful sources for many-sided efficient research using Virtual Observatory tools. Using and analysis of Big Data accumulated in astronomy lead to many new discoveries.

Improved Infrastucture for Cdms and JPL Molecular Spectroscopy Catalogues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Endres, Christian; Schlemmer, Stephan; Drouin, Brian; Pearson, John; Müller, Holger S. P.; Schilke, P.; Stutzki, Jürgen

2014-06-01

Over the past years a new infrastructure for atomic and molecular databases has been developed within the framework of the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC). Standards for the representation of atomic and molecular data as well as a set of protocols have been established which allow now to retrieve data from various databases through one portal and to combine the data easily. Apart from spectroscopic databases such as the Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy (CDMS), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory microwave, millimeter and submillimeter spectral line catalogue (JPL) and the HITRAN database, various databases on molecular collisions (BASECOL, KIDA) and reactions (UMIST) are connected. Together with other groups within the VAMDC consortium we are working on common user tools to simplify the access for new customers and to tailor data requests for users with specified needs. This comprises in particular tools to support the analysis of complex observational data obtained with the ALMA telescope. In this presentation requests to CDMS and JPL will be used to explain the basic concepts and the tools which are provided by VAMDC. In addition a new portal to CDMS will be presented which has a number of new features, in particular meaningful quantum numbers, references linked to data points, access to state energies and improved documentation. Fit files are accessible for download and queries to other databases are possible.

Terahertz absorption spectra of commonly used antimalarial drugs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bawuah, Prince; Zeitler, J. Axel; Ketolainen, Jarkko; Peiponen, Kai-Erik

2018-06-01

Terahertz (THz) spectra from the pure forms [i.e. the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)] of four commonly used antimalarial drugs are reported. The well-defined spectral fingerprints obtained for these APIs in the spectral range of 0.1 THz-3 THz show the sensitivity of the THz time-domain spectroscopic (THz-TDS) method for screening antimalarial drugs. For identification purpose, two commercially available antimalarial tablets were detected. Clear spectral fingerprints of the APIs in the antimalarial tablets were obtained even amidst the several types of excipients present in the tablets. This observation further proves the high sensitivity of the THz techniques in tracking the presence or absence of API in a pharmaceutical tablet. We envisage that the spectral data obtained for these drugs can contribute to a spectroscopic database in the far infrared spectral region and hence support the modelling of THz sensing to differentiate between genuine and counterfeit antimalarial tablets.

LAMOST OBSERVATIONS IN THE KEPLER FIELD: SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION WITH THE MKCLASS CODE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Cat, P. De

2016-01-15

The LAMOST-Kepler project was designed to obtain high-quality, low-resolution spectra of many of the stars in the Kepler field with the Large Sky Area Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectroscopic telescope. To date 101,086 spectra of 80,447 objects over the entire Kepler field have been acquired. Physical parameters, radial velocities, and rotational velocities of these stars will be reported in other papers. In this paper we present MK spectral classifications for these spectra determined with the automatic classification code MKCLASS. We discuss the quality and reliability of the spectral types and present histograms showing the frequency of the spectralmore » types in the main table organized according to luminosity class. Finally, as examples of the use of this spectral database, we compute the proportion of A-type stars that are Am stars, and identify 32 new barium dwarf candidates.« less

Terahertz absorption spectra of commonly used antimalarial drugs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bawuah, Prince; Zeitler, J. Axel; Ketolainen, Jarkko; Peiponen, Kai-Erik

2018-03-01

Terahertz (THz) spectra from the pure forms [i.e. the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)] of four commonly used antimalarial drugs are reported. The well-defined spectral fingerprints obtained for these APIs in the spectral range of 0.1 THz-3 THz show the sensitivity of the THz time-domain spectroscopic (THz-TDS) method for screening antimalarial drugs. For identification purpose, two commercially available antimalarial tablets were detected. Clear spectral fingerprints of the APIs in the antimalarial tablets were obtained even amidst the several types of excipients present in the tablets. This observation further proves the high sensitivity of the THz techniques in tracking the presence or absence of API in a pharmaceutical tablet. We envisage that the spectral data obtained for these drugs can contribute to a spectroscopic database in the far infrared spectral region and hence support the modelling of THz sensing to differentiate between genuine and counterfeit antimalarial tablets.

A Review of Calibration Transfer Practices and Instrument Differences in Spectroscopy.

PubMed

Workman, Jerome J

2018-03-01

Calibration transfer for use with spectroscopic instruments, particularly for near-infrared, infrared, and Raman analysis, has been the subject of multiple articles, research papers, book chapters, and technical reviews. There has been a myriad of approaches published and claims made for resolving the problems associated with transferring calibrations; however, the capability of attaining identical results over time from two or more instruments using an identical calibration still eludes technologists. Calibration transfer, in a precise definition, refers to a series of analytical approaches or chemometric techniques used to attempt to apply a single spectral database, and the calibration model developed using that database, for two or more instruments, with statistically retained accuracy and precision. Ideally, one would develop a single calibration for any particular application, and move it indiscriminately across instruments and achieve identical analysis or prediction results. There are many technical aspects involved in such precision calibration transfer, related to the measuring instrument reproducibility and repeatability, the reference chemical values used for the calibration, the multivariate mathematics used for calibration, and sample presentation repeatability and reproducibility. Ideally, a multivariate model developed on a single instrument would provide a statistically identical analysis when used on other instruments following transfer. This paper reviews common calibration transfer techniques, mostly related to instrument differences, and the mathematics of the uncertainty between instruments when making spectroscopic measurements of identical samples. It does not specifically address calibration maintenance or reference laboratory differences.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Spectroscopic Indicators in SeisMic Archive (SISMA) (Rainer+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rainer, M.; Poretti, E.; Misto, A.; Panzera, M. R.; Molinaro, M.; Cepparo, F.; Roth, M.; Michel, E.; Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G.

2017-02-01

We created a large database of physical parameters and variability indicators by fully reducing and analyzing the large number of spectra taken to complement the asteroseismic observations of the COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) satellite. CoRoT was launched on 2006 December 27 and it was retired on 2013 June 24. 7103 spectra of 261 stars obtained with the ESO echelle spectrograph High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) have been stored in the VO-compliant database Spectroscopic Indicators in a SeisMic Archive (SISMA; http://sisma.brera.inaf.it/), along with the CoRoT photometric data of the 72 CoRoT asteroseismic targets. The ground-based activities started with the Large Programme 178.D-0361 using the FEROS spectrograph at the 2.2m telescope of the ESO-La Silla Observatory, and continued with the Large Programmes LP182.D-0356 and LP185.D-0056 using the HARPS instrument at the 3.6m ESO telescope. In the framework of the awarded two HARPS Large Programmes, 15 nights were allocated each semester over nine semesters, from 2008 December to 2013 January, for a total of 135 nights. The HARPS spectrograph covers the spectral range from 3780 to 6910Å, distributed over echelle orders 89-161. We usually used it in the high-efficiency mode EGGS, with resolving power R=80000 to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) spectroscopic time series. All of the data (reduced spectra, indicators, and photometric series) are stored as either FITS or PDF files in the SISMA archive and can be accessed at http://sisma.brera.inaf.it/. The data can also be accessed through the Seismic Plus portal (http://voparis-spaceinn.obspm.fr/seismic-plus/), developed in the framework of the SpaceInn project in order to gather and help coordinated access to several different solar and stellar seismic data sources. (1 data file).

A Speckle survey of Southern Hipparcos Visual Doubles and Geneva-Copenhagen Spectroscopic Binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mendez, R. A.; Tokovinin, A.; Horch, E.

2018-01-01

We present a speckle survey of Hipparcos visual doubles and spectroscopic binary stars identified by the Geneva-Copenhagen spectroscopic survey with the SOAR 4m telescope + HRCam. These systems represent our best chance to take advantage of Gaia parallaxes for the purpose of stellar mass determinations. Many of these systems already have mass fractions (although generally no spectroscopic orbit - an astrometric orbit will determine individual masses), metallicity information, and Hipparcos distances. They will be used to improve our knowledge of the mass-luminosity relation, particularly for lower-metallicity stars. Our survey will create the first all-sky, volume-limited, speckle archive for the two primary samples, complementing a similar effort that has been recently been completed at the WIYN 3.5-m telescope in the Northern Hemisphere. This extension to the Southern Hemisphere will fill out the picture for a wider metallicity range.

Compact & Ultra-High Resolution Terahertz Spectroscopic/Fingerprint System

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-05-11

successfully fusion - spliced with commercial silica fibers for the first time, which makes the whole MOPA system monolithic. Fig. 7 (a) shows the output...QPM-GaP crystals and the proposed THz crystal fiber converters for high power parametric THz source, THz waveguide modeling for high efficiency and...THz spectroscopic/fingerprinting system. We have achieved 0.212 mJ fiber laser pulses with transform-limited linewidth, bonded QPM-GaP crystals and

Photometric and Spectroscopic Analysis for the Determination of Physical Parameters of an Eclipsing Binary Star System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reid, Piper

2013-01-01

A binary star system is a pair of stars that are bound together by gravity. Most of the stars that we see in the night sky are members of multiple star systems. A system of stars where one star passes in front of the other (as observed from Earth) on a periodic basis is called an eclipsing binary. Eclipsing binaries can have very short rotational periods and in all cases these pairs of stars are so far away that they can only be resolved from Earth as a single point of light. The interaction of the two stars serves to produce physical phenomena that can be observed and used to study stellar properties. By careful data collection and analysis is it possible for an amateur astronomer using commercial, low cost equipment (including a home built spectroscope) to gather photometric (brightness versus time) and spectroscopic (brightness versus wavelength) data, analyze the data, and calculate the physical properties of a binary star system? Using a CCD camera, tracking mount and telescope photometric data of BB Pegasi was collected and a light curve produced. 57 Cygni was also studied using a spectroscope, tracking mount and telescope to prove that Doppler shift of Hydrogen Balmer absorption lines can be used to determine radial velocity. The orbital period, orbital velocity, radius of each star, separation of the two stars and mass of each star was calculated for the eclipsing binary BB Pegasi using photometric and spectroscopic data and Kepler’s 3rd Law. These data were then compared to published data. By careful use of consumer grade astronomical equipment it is possible for an amateur astronomer to determine an array of physical parameters of a distant binary star system from a suburban setting.

SPIDERS: the spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray-selected clusters of galaxies in SDSS-IV

DOE PAGES

Clerc, N.; Merloni, A.; Zhang, Y. -Y.; ...

2016-09-05

SPIDERS (The SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources) is a programme dedicated to the homogeneous and complete spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray active galactic nuclei and galaxy clusters over a large area (~7500 deg 2) of the extragalactic sky. SPIDERS is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV project, together with the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and the Time-Domain Spectroscopic Survey. This study describes the largest project within SPIDERS before the launch of eROSITA: an optical spectroscopic survey of X-ray-selected, massive (~10 14–10 15 M⊙) galaxy clusters discovered in ROSAT and XMM–Newton imaging. The immediate aim is to determine precisemore » (Δz ~ 0.001) redshifts for 4000–5000 of these systems out to z ~ 0.6. The scientific goal of the program is precision cosmology, using clusters as probes of large-scale structure in the expanding Universe. We present the cluster samples, target selection algorithms and observation strategies. We demonstrate the efficiency of selecting targets using a combination of SDSS imaging data, a robust red-sequence finder and a dedicated prioritization scheme. We describe a set of algorithms and work-flow developed to collate spectra and assign cluster membership, and to deliver catalogues of spectroscopically confirmed clusters. We discuss the relevance of line-of-sight velocity dispersion estimators for the richer systems. We illustrate our techniques by constructing a catalogue of 230 spectroscopically validated clusters (0.031 < z < 0.658), found in pilot observations. Finally, we discuss two potential science applications of the SPIDERS sample: the study of the X-ray luminosity-velocity dispersion (LX–σ) relation and the building of stacked phase-space diagrams.« less

SPIDERS: the spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray selected clusters of galaxies in SDSS-IV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clerc, N.; Merloni, A.; Zhang, Y.-Y.; Finoguenov, A.; Dwelly, T.; Nandra, K.; Collins, C.; Dawson, K.; Kneib, J.-P.; Rozo, E.; Rykoff, E.; Sadibekova, T.; Brownstein, J.; Lin, Y.-T.; Ridl, J.; Salvato, M.; Schwope, A.; Steinmetz, M.; Seo, H.-J.; Tinker, J.

2016-12-01

SPIDERS (The SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources) is a programme dedicated to the homogeneous and complete spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray active galactic nuclei and galaxy clusters over a large area (˜7500 deg2) of the extragalactic sky. SPIDERS is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV project, together with the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and the Time-Domain Spectroscopic Survey. This paper describes the largest project within SPIDERS before the launch of eROSITA: an optical spectroscopic survey of X-ray-selected, massive (˜1014-1015 M⊙) galaxy clusters discovered in ROSAT and XMM-Newton imaging. The immediate aim is to determine precise (Δz ˜ 0.001) redshifts for 4000-5000 of these systems out to z ˜ 0.6. The scientific goal of the program is precision cosmology, using clusters as probes of large-scale structure in the expanding Universe. We present the cluster samples, target selection algorithms and observation strategies. We demonstrate the efficiency of selecting targets using a combination of SDSS imaging data, a robust red-sequence finder and a dedicated prioritization scheme. We describe a set of algorithms and work-flow developed to collate spectra and assign cluster membership, and to deliver catalogues of spectroscopically confirmed clusters. We discuss the relevance of line-of-sight velocity dispersion estimators for the richer systems. We illustrate our techniques by constructing a catalogue of 230 spectroscopically validated clusters (0.031 < z < 0.658), found in pilot observations. We discuss two potential science applications of the SPIDERS sample: the study of the X-ray luminosity-velocity dispersion (LX-σ) relation and the building of stacked phase-space diagrams.

Capture and exploration of sample quality data to inform and improve the management of a screening collection.

PubMed

Charles, Isabel; Sinclair, Ian; Addison, Daniel H

2014-04-01

A new approach to the storage, processing, and interrogation of the quality data for screening samples has improved analytical throughput and confidence and enhanced the opportunities for learning from the accumulating records. The approach has entailed the design, development, and implementation of a database-oriented system, capturing information from the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry capabilities used for assessing the integrity of samples in AstraZeneca's screening collection. A Web application has been developed to enable the visualization and interactive annotation of the analytical data, monitor the current sample queue, and report the throughput rate. Sample purity and identity are certified automatically on the chromatographic peaks of interest if predetermined thresholds are reached on key parameters. Using information extracted in parallel from the compound registration and container inventory databases, the chromatographic and spectroscopic profiles for each vessel are linked to the sample structures and storage histories. A search engine facilitates the direct comparison of results for multiple vessels of the same or similar compounds, for single vessels analyzed at different time points, or for vessels related by their origin or process flow. Access to this network of information has provided a deeper understanding of the multiple factors contributing to sample quality assurance.

H2-,He-and CO2-line broadening coefficients and pressure shifts for the HITRAN database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wilzewski, Jonas; Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.

2014-06-01

To increase the potential of the HITRAN database in astronomy, experimental and theoretical line broadening coefficients and line shifts of molecules of planetary interest broadened by H2,He,and CO2 have been assembled from available peer-reviewed sources. Since H2 and He are major constituents in the atmospheres of gas giants, and CO2 predominates in atmospheres of some rocky planets with volcanic activity, these spectroscopic data are important for studying planetary atmospheres. The collected data were used to create semi-empirical models for complete data sets from the microwave to the UV part of the spectrum of the studied molecules. The presented work will help identify the need for further investigations of broadening and shifting of spectral lines.

Scytonin, a novel cyanobacterial photoprotective pigment: calculations of Raman spectroscopic biosignatures.

PubMed

Varnali, Tereza; Edwards, Howell G M

2014-03-01

The Raman spectrum of scytonin, a novel derivative of the parent scytonemin, is predicted from DFT calculations of the most stable, lowest energy, conformational structure. The diagnostic importance of this study relates to the spectral ability to discriminate between scytonemin and its derivatives alone or in admixture with geological matrices from identified characteristic Raman spectral signatures. The successful interpretation of biosignatures from a wide range of cyanobacterial extremophilic colonization in terrestrial and extraterrestrial scenarios is a fundamental requirement of the evaluation of robotic spectroscopic instrumentation in search for life missions. Scytonemin is produced exclusively by cyanobacterial colonies in environmentally stressed habitats and is widely recognized as a key target biomarker molecule in this enterprise. Here, the detailed theoretical analysis of the structure of scytonin enables a protocol to be established for the recognition of characteristic bands in its Raman spectrum and to accomplish the successful differentiation between scytonin and scytonemin as well as other scytonemin derivatives such as the dimethoxy and tetramethoxy compounds that have been isolated from cyanobacterial colonies but which have not yet been characterized spectroscopically. The results of this study will facilitate an extension of the database capability for miniaturized Raman spectrometers which will be carried on board search for life robotic missions to Mars, Europa, and Titan.

Spectroscopic Terahertz Imaging at Room Temperature Employing Microbolometer Terahertz Sensors and Its Application to the Study of Carcinoma Tissues

PubMed Central

Kašalynas, Irmantas; Venckevičius, Rimvydas; Minkevičius, Linas; Sešek, Aleksander; Wahaia, Faustino; Tamošiūnas, Vincas; Voisiat, Bogdan; Seliuta, Dalius; Valušis, Gintaras; Švigelj, Andrej; Trontelj, Janez

2016-01-01

A terahertz (THz) imaging system based on narrow band microbolometer sensors (NBMS) and a novel diffractive lens was developed for spectroscopic microscopy applications. The frequency response characteristics of the THz antenna-coupled NBMS were determined employing Fourier transform spectroscopy. The NBMS was found to be a very sensitive frequency selective sensor which was used to develop a compact all-electronic system for multispectral THz measurements. This system was successfully applied for principal components analysis of optically opaque packed samples. A thin diffractive lens with a numerical aperture of 0.62 was proposed for the reduction of system dimensions. The THz imaging system enhanced with novel optics was used to image for the first time non-neoplastic and neoplastic human colon tissues with close to wavelength-limited spatial resolution at 584 GHz frequency. The results demonstrated the new potential of compact RT THz imaging systems in the fields of spectroscopic analysis of materials and medical diagnostics. PMID:27023551

Verification of the H2O Linelists with Theoretically Developed Tools

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ma, Qiancheng; Tipping, R.; Lavrentieva, N. N.; Dudaryonok, A. S.

2013-01-01

Two basic rules (i.e., the pair identity and the smooth variation rules) resulting from the properties of the energy levels and wave functions of H2O states govern how the spectroscopic parameters vary with the H2O lines within the individually defined groups of lines. With these rules, for those lines involving high j states in the same groups, variations of all their spectroscopic parameters (i.e., the transition frequency, intensity, pressure broadened half-width, pressure-induced shift, and temperature exponent) can be well monitored. Thus, the rules can serve as simple and effective tools to screen the H2O spectroscopic data listed in the HITRAN database and verify the latter's accuracies. By checking violations of the rules occurring among the data within the individual groups, possible errors can be picked up and also possible missing lines in the linelist whose intensities are above the threshold can be identified. We have used these rules to check the accuracies of the spectroscopic parameters and the completeness of the linelists for several important H2O vibrational bands. Based on our results, the accuracy of the line frequencies in HITRAN 2008 is consistent. For the line intensity, we have found that there are a substantial number of lines whose intensity values are questionable. With respect to other parameters, many mistakes have been found. The above claims are consistent with a well known fact that values of these parameters in HITRAN contain larger uncertainties. Furthermore, supplements of the missing line list consisting of line assignments and positions can be developed from the screening results.

Homogeneous spectroscopic parameters for bright planet host stars from the northern hemisphere . The impact on stellar and planetary mass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sousa, S. G.; Santos, N. C.; Mortier, A.; Tsantaki, M.; Adibekyan, V.; Delgado Mena, E.; Israelian, G.; Rojas-Ayala, B.; Neves, V.

2015-04-01

Aims: In this work we derive new precise and homogeneous parameters for 37 stars with planets. For this purpose, we analyze high resolution spectra obtained by the NARVAL spectrograph for a sample composed of bright planet host stars in the northern hemisphere. The new parameters are included in the SWEET-Cat online catalogue. Methods: To ensure that the catalogue is homogeneous, we use our standard spectroscopic analysis procedure, ARES+MOOG, to derive effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities. These spectroscopic stellar parameters are then used as input to compute the stellar mass and radius, which are fundamental for the derivation of the planetary mass and radius. Results: We show that the spectroscopic parameters, masses, and radii are generally in good agreement with the values available in online databases of exoplanets. There are some exceptions, especially for the evolved stars. These are analyzed in detail focusing on the effect of the stellar mass on the derived planetary mass. Conclusions: We conclude that the stellar mass estimations for giant stars should be managed with extreme caution when using them to compute the planetary masses. We report examples within this sample where the differences in planetary mass can be as high as 100% in the most extreme cases. Based on observations obtained at the Telescope Bernard Lyot (USR5026) operated by the Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées and the Institut National des Science de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France (Run ID L131N11 - OPTICON_2013A_027).

Publication of nuclear magnetic resonance experimental data with semantic web technology and the application thereof to biomedical research of proteins.

PubMed

Yokochi, Masashi; Kobayashi, Naohiro; Ulrich, Eldon L; Kinjo, Akira R; Iwata, Takeshi; Ioannidis, Yannis E; Livny, Miron; Markley, John L; Nakamura, Haruki; Kojima, Chojiro; Fujiwara, Toshimichi

2016-05-05

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data for biological macromolecules archived at the BioMagResBank (BMRB) provide a rich resource of biophysical information at atomic resolution. The NMR data archived in NMR-STAR ASCII format have been implemented in a relational database. However, it is still fairly difficult for users to retrieve data from the NMR-STAR files or the relational database in association with data from other biological databases. To enhance the interoperability of the BMRB database, we present a full conversion of BMRB entries to two standard structured data formats, XML and RDF, as common open representations of the NMR-STAR data. Moreover, a SPARQL endpoint has been deployed. The described case study demonstrates that a simple query of the SPARQL endpoints of the BMRB, UniProt, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), can be used in NMR and structure-based analysis of proteins combined with information of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their phenotypes. We have developed BMRB/XML and BMRB/RDF and demonstrate their use in performing a federated SPARQL query linking the BMRB to other databases through standard semantic web technologies. This will facilitate data exchange across diverse information resources.

Spectroscopic obit for the eclipsing binary IQ Persei

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Young, A.

1975-10-01

Spectroscopic orbital elements are derived for the eclipsing binary IQ Per. Faint secondary lines are detected, and a mass ratio and individual masses are inferred. The components are found to be on the main sequence, and the system is detached. (auth)

The orbit of Phi Cygni measured with long-baseline optical interferometry - Component masses and absolute magnitudes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Armstrong, J. T.; Hummel, C. A.; Quirrenbach, A.; Buscher, D. F.; Mozurkewich, D.; Vivekanand, M.; Simon, R. S.; Denison, C. S.; Johnston, K. J.; Pan, X.-P.

1992-01-01

The orbit of the double-lined spectroscopic binary Phi Cygni, the distance to the system, and the masses and absolute magnitudes of its components are presented via measurements with the Mar III Optical Interferometer. On the basis of a reexamination of the spectroscopic data of Rach & Herbig (1961), the values and uncertainties are adopted for the period and the projected semimajor axes from the present fit to the spectroscopic data and the values of the remaining elements from the present fit to the Mark III data. The elements of the true orbit are derived, and the masses and absolute magnitudes of the components, and the distance to the system are calculated.

Spectroscopic Study of the Early-Type Binary HX Vel A

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Özkardeş, Burcu; Sürgit, Derya; Erdem, Ahmet; Budding, Edwin; Soydugan, Faruk; Demircan, Osman

2012-04-01

This paper presents high resolution spectroscopy of the HX Vel (IDS 08390-4744 AB) multiple system. New spectroscopic observations of the system were made at Mt. John University Observatory in 2007 and 2008. Radial velocities of both components of HX Vel A were measured using gaussian fitting. The spectroscopic mass ratio of the close binary was determined as 0.599+/-0.052, according to a Keplerian orbital solution. The resulting orbital elements are a1sini=0.0098+/-0.0003 AU, a2sini=0.0164+/-0.0003 AU, M1sin3i=1.19+/-0.07 M⊙ and M2sin3i=0.71+/-0.04 M⊙.

V342 Andromedae B is an eccentric-orbit eclipsing binary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dimitrov, W.; Kamiński, K.; Lehmann, H.; Ligęza, P.; Fagas, M.; Bagińska, P.; Kwiatkowski, T.; Bąkowska, K.; Kowalczyk, A.; Polińska, M.; Bartczak, P.; Przybyszewska, A.; Kruszewski, A.; Kurzawa, K.; Schwarzenberg-Czerny, A.

2015-03-01

We present a photometric and spectroscopic study of the visual binary V342 Andromedae. Visual components of the system have angular separations of 3 arcseconds. We obtained two spectroscopic data sets. An examination of both the A and B component spectra reveals that the B component is a spectroscopic binary with an eccentric orbit. The orbital period, taken from the Hipparcos Catalog, agrees with the orbital period of the B component measured spectroscopically. We also collected a new set of photometric measurements. The argument of periastron is close to 270° and the orbit eccentricity is not seen in our photometric data. About five years after the first spectroscopic observations, a new set of spectroscopic data was obtained. We analysed the apsidal motion, but we did not find any significant changes in the orbital orientation. A Wilson-Devinney model was calculated based on the photometric and the radial velocity curves. The result shows two very similar stars with masses M1 = 1.27 ± 0.01 M⊙, M2 = 1.28 ± 0.01 M⊙, respectively. The radii are R1 = 1.21 ± 0.01 R⊙, R2 = 1.25 ± 0.01 R⊙, respectively. Radial velocity measurements of component A, the most luminous star in the system, reveal no significant periodic variations. We calculated the time of the eclipsing binary orbit's circularization, which is about two orders of magnitude shorter than the estimated age of the system. The discrepancies in the age estimation can be explained by the Kozai effect induced by the visual component A. The atmospheric parameters and the chemical abundances for the eclipsing pair, as well as the LSD profiles for both visual components, were calculated from two high-resolution, well-exposed spectra obtained on the 2-m class telescope. Based on spectroscopy obtained at the David Dunlap Observatory, University of Toronto, Canada, Poznań Spectroscopic Telescope 1, Poland and Thüringer Landessternwarte, Tautenburg, Germany.

RED EYES ON WOLF-RAYET STARS: 60 NEW DISCOVERIES VIA INFRARED COLOR SELECTION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mauerhan, Jon C.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Morris, Patrick W., E-mail: mauerhan@ipac.caltech.edu

We have spectroscopically identified 60 Galactic Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, including 38 nitrogen types (WN) and 22 carbon types (WC). Using photometry from the Spitzer/GLIMPSE and Two Micron All Sky Survey databases, the new WRs were selected via a method we have established that exploits their unique infrared colors, which is mainly the result of excess radiation generated by free-free scattering within their dense ionized winds. The selection criterion has been refined since the last report, resulting in a WR detection rate of {approx}20% in spectroscopic follow-up of candidates that comprise a broad color space defined by the color distribution ofmore » all known WRs having B > 14 mag. However, there are smaller regions within this color space that yield WRs at a rate of >50% in spectroscopic follow-up. Candidates that are not WRs are mainly Be stars, which is possibly attributable to the physical similarities between the free-free emission parameters of Be disks and WR winds. As an additional selection experiment, the list of WR candidates was cross-correlated with archival X-ray point-source catalogs, which increases the WR detection rate of the broad color space to {approx}40%; 10 new WR X-ray sources have been found in addition to a previously unrecognized X-ray counterpart to a known WR. The extinction values, distances, and Galactocentric radii of all new WRs are calculated using the method of spectroscopic parallax. Although the majority of the new WRs have no obvious association with stellar clusters, two WC8 stars reside in a previously unknown massive-star cluster, in which five OB supergiants were also identified. The new system lies at an estimated distance of {approx}6.1 kpc, near the intersection of the Scutum-Centaurus Arm with the Galaxy's bar. In addition, two WC and four WN stars, all but one of which are X-ray sources, were identified in association with the stellar clusters Danks 1 and 2. A WN9 star has also been associated with the cluster [DBS2003] 179. This work brings the total number of known Galactic WRs to 476, or {approx}7%-8% of the total empirically estimated population. An examination of their Galactic distribution reveals an approximate tracing of the spiral arms and an enhanced WR surface density toward several massive-star formation sites.« less

Red Eyes on Wolf-Rayet Stars: 60 New Discoveries via Infrared Color Selection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mauerhan, Jon C.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Morris, Patrick W.

2011-08-01

We have spectroscopically identified 60 Galactic Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, including 38 nitrogen types (WN) and 22 carbon types (WC). Using photometry from the Spitzer/GLIMPSE and Two Micron All Sky Survey databases, the new WRs were selected via a method we have established that exploits their unique infrared colors, which is mainly the result of excess radiation generated by free-free scattering within their dense ionized winds. The selection criterion has been refined since the last report, resulting in a WR detection rate of ≈20% in spectroscopic follow-up of candidates that comprise a broad color space defined by the color distribution of all known WRs having B > 14 mag. However, there are smaller regions within this color space that yield WRs at a rate of >50% in spectroscopic follow-up. Candidates that are not WRs are mainly Be stars, which is possibly attributable to the physical similarities between the free-free emission parameters of Be disks and WR winds. As an additional selection experiment, the list of WR candidates was cross-correlated with archival X-ray point-source catalogs, which increases the WR detection rate of the broad color space to ≈40% 10 new WR X-ray sources have been found in addition to a previously unrecognized X-ray counterpart to a known WR. The extinction values, distances, and Galactocentric radii of all new WRs are calculated using the method of spectroscopic parallax. Although the majority of the new WRs have no obvious association with stellar clusters, two WC8 stars reside in a previously unknown massive-star cluster, in which five OB supergiants were also identified. The new system lies at an estimated distance of ≈6.1 kpc, near the intersection of the Scutum-Centaurus Arm with the Galaxy's bar. In addition, two WC and four WN stars, all but one of which are X-ray sources, were identified in association with the stellar clusters Danks 1 and 2. A WN9 star has also been associated with the cluster [DBS2003] 179. This work brings the total number of known Galactic WRs to 476, or ≈7%-8% of the total empirically estimated population. An examination of their Galactic distribution reveals an approximate tracing of the spiral arms and an enhanced WR surface density toward several massive-star formation sites.

Constraints on early-type galaxy structure from spectroscopically selected gravitational lenses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolton, Adam Stallard

2005-11-01

This thesis describes all aspects of a unique spectroscopic survey for strong galaxy-galaxy gravitational lenses: motivation, candidate selection, ground- based spectroscopic follow-up, Hubble Space Telescope imaging, data analysis, and results on the radial density profile of the lens galaxies. The lens candidates are selected from within the spectroscopic database of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) based on the appearance of two significantly different redshifts along the same line of sight, and lenses are confirmed within the candidate sample by follow-up imaging and spectroscopy. The sample of [approximate]20 early-type lenses presented in this thesis represents the largest single strong-lens galaxy sample discovered and published to date. These lenses probe the mass of the lens galaxies on scales roughly equal to one-half effective radius. We find a dynamical normalization between isothermal lens-model velocity dispersions and aperture-corrected SDSS stellar velocity dispersions of f = s lens /s stars = 0.95 +/- 0.03. By combining lens-model Einstein radii and de Vaucouleurs effective radii with stellar velocity dispersions through the Jeans equation, we find that the logarithmic slope [Special characters omitted.] of the density profile in our lens galaxies (r 0 ( [Special characters omitted.] ) is on average slightly steeper than isothermal ([Special characters omitted.] = 2) with a modest intrinsic scatter. Parameterizing the intrinsic distribution in [Special characters omitted.] as Gaussian, we find a maximum-likelihood mean of [Special characters omitted. ] and standard deviation of s[Special characters omitted.] = [Special characters omitted.] (68% confidence, for isotropic velocity-dispersion models). Our results rule out a single universal logarithmic density slope at >99.995% confidence. The success of this spectroscopic lens survey suggests that similar projects should be considered as an explicit science goal of future redshift surveys. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)

Spectroscopic Classifications of Optical Transients with Mayall/KOSMOS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siebert, M. R.; Pan, Y.-C.; Kilpatrick, C. D.; Foley, R. J.

2017-07-01

We report the following classifications of optical transients from spectroscopic observations with KOSMOS on the KPNO Mayall 4-m telescope. Targets were supplied by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS; ATel #8680), the Pan-STARRS Survey for Transients (PSST) and Gaia.

Orbital Analysis of Two Triple Systems in the Open Cluster NGC 2516

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Veramendi, M. E.; González, J. F.

2010-12-01

We report the discovery of two hierarchical triple systems in the open cluster NGC 2516. Both systems are double-lined spectroscopic binaries whose center-of-mass velocity varies in a time scale of a few years. The system BDA 19 consists of an eccentric spectroscopic binary with a period of 8.7 days and a third body orbiting with a period of about 3300 days. The close pair in the triple BDA 2 has an orbital period of 11.2 days and contains a HgMn star.

The spectroscopic binary system Gl 375. I. Orbital parameters and chromospheric activity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Díaz, R. F.; González, J. F.; Cincunegui, C.; Mauas, P. J. D.

2007-11-01

Aims:We study the spectroscopic binary system Gl 375 to characterise its orbit and the spectral types and chromospheric activity levels of the components. Methods: We employed medium-resolution echelle spectra obtained at the 2.15 m telescope at the Argentinian observatory CASLEO and photometric observations obtained from the ASAS database. Results: We have separated the composite spectra into those corresponding to both components. The separated spectra allow us to confirm that the spectral types of both components are similar (dMe3.5) and to obtain precise measurements of the orbital period (P = 1.87844 days), minimum masses (M_1 sin3 i = 0.35 {M}_⊙ and M_2 sin3 i =0.33 {M}_⊙), and other orbital parameters. The photometric observations exhibit a sinusoidal variation with the same period as the orbital period. We interpreted this as signs of active regions carried along with rotation in a tidally synchronised system, and studied the evolution of the amplitude of the modulation on longer timescales. Together with the mean magnitude, the modulation exhibits a roughly cyclic variation with a period of around 800 days. This periodicity is also found in the flux of the Ca II K lines of both components, which seem to be in phase. Conclusions: The periodic changes in the three observables are interpreted as a sign of a stellar activity cycle. Both components appear to be in phase, which implies that they are magnetically connected. The measured cycle of ≈2.2 years (≈800 days) is consistent with previous determinations of activity cycles in similar stars. The authors are visiting astronomers of the Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito, operated under an agreement between the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina and the National Universities of La Plata, Córdoba, and San Juan.

Simultaneous Photometric and Spectroscopic Solution for AW Cam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frey, J. R.; Angione, R. J.; Sievers, J. R.

2010-07-01

We present the first four color Stromgren uvby photometric observations of the eclipsing binary system AW Cam along with the first simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic solution. This solution produced a detached system with a mass ratio of 0.45 consisting of an A1 primary and an F8 secondary, both in the main sequence band. The Hipparcos/Tycho Catalogue gives V = 8.24 and a parallax = 2.17 mas.

The Long-Term Spectroscopic Misadventures of AG Dra with a Nod toward V407 Cyg: Degenerates Behaving Badly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shore, S.N.; Genovali, K.; Wahlgren, G. M.

2013-01-01

We present some results of an ongoing study of the long-term spectroscopic variations of AG Dra, a prototypical eruptive symbiotic system. We discuss the effects of the environment and orbital modulation in this system and some of the physical processes revealed by a comparison with the nova outburst of the symbiotic-like recurrent nova V407 Cyg 2010.

Spectroscopic quantification of extremely rare molecular species in the presence of interfering optical absorption

DOEpatents

Ognibene, Ted; Bench, Graham; McCartt, Alan Daniel; Turteltaub, Kenneth; Rella, Chris W.; Tan, Sze; Hoffnagle, John A.; Crosson, Eric

2017-05-09

Optical spectrometer apparatus, systems, and methods for analysis of carbon-14 including a resonant optical cavity configured to accept a sample gas including carbon-14, an optical source configured to deliver optical radiation to the resonant optical cavity, an optical detector configured to detect optical radiation emitted from the resonant cavity and to provide a detector signal; and a processor configured to compute a carbon-14 concentration from the detector signal, wherein computing the carbon-14 concentration from the detector signal includes fitting a spectroscopic model to a measured spectrogram, wherein the spectroscopic model accounts for contributions from one or more interfering species that spectroscopically interfere with carbon-14.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Apellániz, J. Maíz; Sota, A.; Alfaro, E. J.

This is the third installment of the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS), a massive spectroscopic survey of Galactic O stars, based on new homogeneous, high signal-to-noise ratio, R  ∼ 2500 digital observations selected from the Galactic O-Star Catalog. In this paper, we present 142 additional stellar systems with O stars from both hemispheres, bringing the total of O-type systems published within the project to 590. Among the new objects, there are 20 new O stars. We also identify 11 new double-lined spectroscopic binaries, 6 of which are of O+O type and 5 of O+B type, and an additional new tripled-lined spectroscopic binary of O+O+Bmore » type. We also revise some of the previous GOSSS classifications, present some egregious examples of stars erroneously classified as O-type in the past, introduce the use of luminosity class IV at spectral types O4-O5.5, and adapt the classification scheme to the work of Arias et al.« less

Using GIS servers and interactive maps in spectral data sharing and administration: Case study of Ahvaz Spectral Geodatabase Platform (ASGP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karami, Mojtaba; Rangzan, Kazem; Saberi, Azim

2013-10-01

With emergence of air-borne and space-borne hyperspectral sensors, spectroscopic measurements are gaining more importance in remote sensing. Therefore, the number of available spectral reference data is constantly increasing. This rapid increase often exhibits a poor data management, which leads to ultimate isolation of data on disk storages. Spectral data without precise description of the target, methods, environment, and sampling geometry cannot be used by other researchers. Moreover, existing spectral data (in case it accompanied with good documentation) become virtually invisible or unreachable for researchers. Providing documentation and a data-sharing framework for spectral data, in which researchers are able to search for or share spectral data and documentation, would definitely improve the data lifetime. Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) are main candidates for spectral data management and their efficiency is proven by many studies and applications to date. In this study, a new approach to spectral data administration is presented based on spatial identity of spectral samples. This method benefits from scalability and performance of RDBMS for storage of spectral data, but uses GIS servers to provide users with interactive maps as an interface to the system. The spectral files, photographs and descriptive data are considered as belongings of a geospatial object. A spectral processing unit is responsible for evaluation of metadata quality and performing routine spectral processing tasks for newly-added data. As a result, by using internet browser software the users would be able to visually examine availability of data and/or search for data based on descriptive attributes associated to it. The proposed system is scalable and besides giving the users good sense of what data are available in the database, it facilitates participation of spectral reference data in producing geoinformation.

Optimal methodologies for terahertz time-domain spectroscopic analysis of traditional pigments in powder form

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ha, Taewoo; Lee, Howon; Sim, Kyung Ik; Kim, Jonghyeon; Jo, Young Chan; Kim, Jae Hoon; Baek, Na Yeon; Kang, Dai-ill; Lee, Han Hyoung

2017-05-01

We have established optimal methods for terahertz time-domain spectroscopic analysis of highly absorbing pigments in powder form based on our investigation of representative traditional Chinese pigments, such as azurite [blue-based color pigment], Chinese vermilion [red-based color pigment], and arsenic yellow [yellow-based color pigment]. To accurately extract the optical constants in the terahertz region of 0.1 - 3 THz, we carried out transmission measurements in such a way that intense absorption peaks did not completely suppress the transmission level. This required preparation of pellet samples with optimized thicknesses and material densities. In some cases, mixing the pigments with polyethylene powder was required to minimize absorption due to certain peak features. The resulting distortion-free terahertz spectra of the investigated set of pigment species exhibited well-defined unique spectral fingerprints. Our study will be useful to future efforts to establish non-destructive analysis methods of traditional pigments, to construct their spectral databases, and to apply these tools to restoration of cultural heritage materials.

Hyphenation of Raman spectroscopy with gravimetric analysis to interrogate water-solid interactions in pharmaceutical systems.

PubMed

Gift, Alan D; Taylor, Lynne S

2007-01-04

A moisture sorption gravimetric analyzer has been combined with a Raman spectrometer to better understand the various modes of water-solid interactions relevant to pharmaceutical systems. A commercial automated moisture sorption balance was modified to allow non-contact monitoring of the sample properties by interfacing a Raman probe with the sample holder. This hybrid instrument allows for gravimetric and spectroscopic changes to be monitored simultaneously. The utility of this instrument was demonstrated by investigating different types of water-solid interactions including stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric hydrate formation, deliquescence, amorphous-crystalline transformation, and capillary condensation. In each of the model systems, sulfaguanidine, cromolyn sodium, ranitidine HCl, amorphous sucrose and silica gel, spectroscopic changes were observed during the time course of the moisture sorption profile. Analysis of spectroscopic data provided information about the origin of the observed changes in moisture content as a function of relative humidity. Furthermore, multivariate data analysis techniques were employed as a means of processing the spectroscopic data. Principle components analysis was found to be useful to aid in data processing, handling and interpretation of the spectral changes that occurred during the time course of the moisture sorption profile.

Predictive spectroscopy and chemical imaging based on novel optical systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, Matthew Paul

1998-10-01

This thesis describes two futuristic optical systems designed to surpass contemporary spectroscopic methods for predictive spectroscopy and chemical imaging. These systems are advantageous to current techniques in a number of ways including lower cost, enhanced portability, shorter analysis time, and improved S/N. First, a novel optical approach to predicting chemical and physical properties based on principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed and evaluated. A regression vector produced by PCA is designed into the structure of a set of paired optical filters. Light passing through the paired filters produces an analog detector signal directly proportional to the chemical/physical property for which the regression vector was designed. Second, a novel optical system is described which takes a single-shot approach to chemical imaging with high spectroscopic resolution using a dimension-reduction fiber-optic array. Images are focused onto a two- dimensional matrix of optical fibers which are drawn into a linear distal array with specific ordering. The distal end is imaged with a spectrograph equipped with an ICCD camera for spectral analysis. Software is used to extract the spatial/spectral information contained in the ICCD images and deconvolute them into wave length-specific reconstructed images or position-specific spectra which span a multi-wavelength space. This thesis includes a description of the fabrication of two dimension-reduction arrays as well as an evaluation of the system for spatial and spectral resolution, throughput, image brightness, resolving power, depth of focus, and channel cross-talk. PCA is performed on the images by treating rows of the ICCD images as spectra and plotting the scores of each PC as a function of reconstruction position. In addition, iterative target transformation factor analysis (ITTFA) is performed on the spectroscopic images to generate ``true'' chemical maps of samples. Univariate zero-order images, univariate first-order spectroscopic images, bivariate first-order spectroscopic images, and multivariate first-order spectroscopic images of the temporal development of laser-induced plumes are presented and interpreted. Reconstructed chemical images generated using bivariate and trivariate wavelength techniques, bimodal and trimodal PCA methods, and bimodal and trimodal ITTFA approaches are also included.

Widely Tunable Mode-Hop-Free External-Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wysocki, Gerard; Curl, Robert F.; Tittel, Frank K.

2010-01-01

The external-cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) system is based on an optical configuration of the Littrow type. It is a room-temperature, continuous wave, widely tunable, mode-hop-free, mid-infrared, EC-QCL spectroscopic source. It has a single-mode tuning range of 155 cm(exp -1) (approximately equal to 8% of the center wavelength) with a maximum power of 11.1 mW and 182 cm(exp -1) (approximately equal to 15% of the center wavelength), and a maximum power of 50 mW as demonstrated for 5.3 micron and 8.4 micron EC-QCLs, respectively. This technology is particularly suitable for high-resolution spectroscopic applications, multi-species tracegas detection, and spectroscopic measurements of broadband absorbers. Wavelength tuning of EC-QCL spectroscopic source can be implemented by varying three independent parameters of the laser: (1) the optical length of the gain medium (which, in this case, is equivalent to QCL injection current modulation), (2) the length of the EC (which can be independently varied in the Rice EC-QCL setup), and (3) the angle of beam incidence at the diffraction grating (frequency tuning related directly to angular dispersion of the grating). All three mechanisms of frequency tuning have been demonstrated and are required to obtain a true mode-hop-free laser frequency tuning. The precise frequency tuning characteristics of the EC-QCL output have been characterized using a variety of diagnostic tools available at Rice University (e.g., a monochromator, FTIR spectrometer, and a Fabry-Perot spectrometer). Spectroscopic results were compared with available databases (such as HITRAN, PNNL, EPA, and NIST). These enable precision verification of complete spectral parameters of the EC-QCL, such as wavelength, tuning range, tuning characteristics, and line width. The output power of the EC-QCL is determined by the performance of the QC laser chip, its operating conditions, and parameters of the QC laser cavity such as mirror reflectivity or intracavity losses. In order to maximize the output power, an analysis and optimization of the EC laser parameters has been performed. The parameters of the beam emitted from the gain medium, such as divergence angle, beam profile, and astigmatism, have been investigated. The gain medium has been fully characterized before and after each stage of modification. The main modification steps are coating one facet of the gain chip with a high reflectivity mirror and the other facet with an anti-reflection layer. Then the chip is mounted in the EC-QCL. The optomechanical design has been reviewed and improved to provide for precise collimation of the strongly divergent beam of the QCL and the tuning diffraction grating.

PRIMitive Asteroids Spectroscopic Survey - PRIMASS: First Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Leon, Julia; Pinilla-Alonso, Noemi; Campins, Humberto; Lorenzi, Vania; Licandro, Javier; Morate, David; Tanga, Paolo; Cellino, Alberto; Delbo, Marco

2015-11-01

NASA OSIRIS-REx and JAXA Hayabusa 2 sample-return missions have targeted two near-Earth asteroids: (101955) Bennu and (162173) 1999 JU3, respectively. These are primitive asteroids that are believed to originate in the inner belt, where five distinct sources have been identified: four primitive collisional families (Polana, Erigone, Sulamitis, and Clarissa), and a population of low-albedo and low-inclination background asteroids. Identifying and characterizing the populations from which these two NEAs might originate will enchance the science return of the two missions.With this main objective in mind, we initiated in 2010 a spectroscopic survey in the visible and the near-infrared to characterize the primitive collisional families in the inner belt and the low-albedo background population. This is the PRIMitive Asteroids Spectroscopic Survey - PRIMASS. So far we have obtained more than 200 spectra using telescopes located at different observatories. PRIMASS uses a variety of ground based facilities. Most of the spectra have been obtained using the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), and the 3.6m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), both located at the El Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma, Spain), and the 3.0m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea (Hawai, USA).We present the first results from our on-going survey (de Leon et al. 2015; Pinilla-Alonso et al. 2015; Morate et al. 2015), focused on the Polana and the Erigone primitive families, with visible and near-infrared spectra of more than 200 objects, most of them with no previous spectroscopic data. Our survey is already the largest database of primitive asteroids spectra, and we keep obtaining data on the Sulamitis and the Clarissa families, as well as on the background low-albedo population.

Quasars Probing Quasars. X. The Quasar Pair Spectral Database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Findlay, Joseph R.; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Fumagalli, Michele; Myers, Adam D.; Bartle, Stephanie; Chehade, Ben; DiPompeo, Michael A.; Shanks, Tom; Lau, Marie Wingyee; Rubin, Kate H. R.

2018-06-01

The rare close projection of two quasars on the sky provides the opportunity to study the host galaxy environment of a foreground quasar in absorption against the continuum emission of a background quasar. For over a decade the “Quasars probing quasars” series has utilized this technique to further the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution in the presence of a quasar at z > 2, resolving scales as small as a galactic disk and from bound gas in the circumgalactic medium to the diffuse environs of intergalactic space. Presented here is the public release of the quasar pair spectral database utilized in these studies. In addition to projected pairs at z > 2, the database also includes quasar pair members at z < 2, gravitational lens candidates, and quasars closely separated in redshift that are useful for small-scale clustering studies. In total, the database catalogs 5627 distinct objects, with 4083 lying within 5‧ of at least one other source. A spectral library contains 3582 optical and near-infrared spectra for 3028 of the cataloged sources. As well as reporting on 54 newly discovered quasar pairs, we outline the key contributions made by this series over the last 10 years, summarize the imaging and spectroscopic data used for target selection, discuss the target selection methodologies, describe the database content, and explore some avenues for future work. Full documentation for the spectral database, including download instructions, is supplied at http://specdb.readthedocs.io/en/latest/.

Radial Velocities of 41 Kepler Eclipsing Binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matson, Rachel A.; Gies, Douglas R.; Guo, Zhao; Williams, Stephen J.

2017-12-01

Eclipsing binaries are vital for directly determining stellar parameters without reliance on models or scaling relations. Spectroscopically derived parameters of detached and semi-detached binaries allow us to determine component masses that can inform theories of stellar and binary evolution. Here we present moderate resolution ground-based spectra of stars in close binary systems with and without (detected) tertiary companions observed by NASA’s Kepler mission and analyzed for eclipse timing variations. We obtain radial velocities and spectroscopic orbits for five single-lined and 35 double-lined systems, and confirm one false positive eclipsing binary. For the double-lined spectroscopic binaries, we also determine individual component masses and examine the mass ratio {M}2/{M}1 distribution, which is dominated by binaries with like-mass pairs and semi-detached classical Algol systems that have undergone mass transfer. Finally, we constrain the mass of the tertiary component for five double-lined binaries with previously detected companions.

Tri-band optical coherence tomography for lipid and vessel spectroscopic imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Luoqin; Kang, Jiqiang; Wang, Xie; Wei, Xiaoming; Chan, Kin-Tak; Lee, Nikki P.; Wong, Kenneth K. Y.

2016-03-01

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been utilized for various functional imaging applications. One of its highlights comes from spectroscopic imaging, which can simultaneously obtain both morphologic and spectroscopic information. Assisting diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of coronary artery disease is one of the major directions in spectroscopic OCT applications. Previously Tanaka et al. have developed a spectral domain OCT (SDOCT) to image lipid distribution within blood vessel [1]. In the meantime, Fleming et al. have demonstrated optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) by a 1.3-μm swept source and quadratic discriminant analysis model [2]. However, these systems suffered from burdensome computation as the optical properties' variation was calculated from a single-band illumination that provided limited contrast. On the other hand, multi-band OCT facilitates contrast enhancement with separated wavelength bands, which further offers an easier way to distinguish different materials. Federici and Dubois [3] and Tsai and Chan [4] have demonstrated tri-band OCT systems to further enhance the image contrast. However, these previous work provided under-explored functional properties. Our group has reported a dual-band OCT system based on parametrically amplified Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) laser with time multiplexing scheme [5] and a dual-band FDML laser OCT system with wavelength-division multiplexing [6]. Fiber optical parametric amplifier (OPA) can be ideally incorporated in multi-band spectroscopic OCT system as it has a broad amplification window and offers an additional output range at idler band, which is phase matched with the signal band. The sweeping ranges can thus overcome traditional wavelength bands that are limited by intra-cavity amplifiers in FDML lasers. Here, we combines the dual-band FDML laser together with fiber OPA, which consequently renders a simultaneous tri-band output at 1.3, 1.5, and 1.6 μm, for intravascular applications. Lipid and blood vessel distribution can be subsequently visualized with the tri-band OCT system by ex vivo experiments using porcine artery model with artificial lipid plaques.

Resolution and Orbit Reconstruction of Spectroscopic Binary Stars with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boden, A. F.; Lane, B. F.; Creech-Eakman, M. J.; Queloz, D.; Koresko, C. D.

2000-05-01

The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) is a long-baseline near-infrared interferometer located at Palomar Observatory. For the past several years we have had an ongoing program of resolving and reconstructing the visual and physical orbits of spectroscopic binary stars with PTI, with the goal of obtaining precise dynamical mass estimates and other physical parameters. We will present a number of new visual and physical orbit determinations derived from integrated reductions of PTI visibility and archival and new spectroscopic radial velocity data. The systems for which we will discuss our orbit models are: iota Pegasi (HD 210027), 64 Psc (HD 4676), 12 Boo (HD 123999), 75 Cnc (HD 78418), 47 And (HD 8374), HD 205539, BY Draconis (HDE 234677), and 3 Boo (HD 120064), and 3 Boo (HD 120064). All of these systems are double-lined binary systems (SB2), and integrated astrometric/radial velocity orbit modeling provides precise fundamental parameters (mass, luminosity) and system distance determinations comparable with Hipparcos precisions.

Multiband Photometric and Spectroscopic Analysis of HV Cnc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gökay, G.; Gürol, B.; Derman, E.

2013-11-01

In this paper, radial velocity and VI- and JHKS - (Two Micron All Sky Survey) band photometric data of the detached system HV Cnc have been analyzed. The primary component of HV Cnc, which is a member of the M67 cluster, is suspected to be either a blue straggler or turn-off star. The system is a single-lined spectroscopic binary and its light curve shows a total eclipse. Spectroscopic observations of the system revealed the third component, which shows contribution to the total light of the system. Light curve and radial velocity data have been analyzed using the Wilson-Devinney (W-D) code and JHKS filter definitions computed for the W-D code in this work. Our analysis shows that the mass and radius of the primary and secondary components are 1.31 M ⊙, 0.52 M ⊙, 1.87 R ⊙, and 0.48 R ⊙, respectively. All results are compared with previously published literature values and discussed.

MULTIBAND PHOTOMETRIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF HV Cnc

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gökay, G.; Gürol, B.; Derman, E., E-mail: ggokay@science.ankara.edu.tr

2013-11-01

In this paper, radial velocity and VI- and JHK{sub S} - (Two Micron All Sky Survey) band photometric data of the detached system HV Cnc have been analyzed. The primary component of HV Cnc, which is a member of the M67 cluster, is suspected to be either a blue straggler or turn-off star. The system is a single-lined spectroscopic binary and its light curve shows a total eclipse. Spectroscopic observations of the system revealed the third component, which shows contribution to the total light of the system. Light curve and radial velocity data have been analyzed using the Wilson-Devinney (W-D)more » code and JHK{sub S} filter definitions computed for the W-D code in this work. Our analysis shows that the mass and radius of the primary and secondary components are 1.31 M {sub ☉}, 0.52 M {sub ☉}, 1.87 R {sub ☉}, and 0.48 R {sub ☉}, respectively. All results are compared with previously published literature values and discussed.« less

Solar System Science with the Twinkle Space Mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bowles, N.; Lindsay, S.; Tessenyi, M.; Tinetti, G.; Savini, G.; Tennyson, J.; Pascale, E.; Jason, S.; Vora, A.

2017-09-01

Twinkle is a space-based telescope mission designed for the spectroscopic observation (0.4 to 4.5 μm) of exoplanet atmospheres and Solar System objects. The system design and mission implementation are based on existing, well studied concepts pioneered by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd for low-Earth orbit Earth Observation satellites, supported by a novel international access model to allow facility access to researchers worldwide. Whilst Twinkle's primary science goal is the observation of exoplanet atmospheres its wide spectroscopic range and photometric stability also make it a unique platform for the observation of Solar system objects.

The Systematics of Strong Lens Modeling Quantified: The Effects of Constraint Selection and Redshift Information on Magnification, Mass, and Multiple Image Predictability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, Traci L.; Sharon, Keren

2016-11-01

Until now, systematic errors in strong gravitational lens modeling have been acknowledged but have never been fully quantified. Here, we launch an investigation into the systematics induced by constraint selection. We model the simulated cluster Ares 362 times using random selections of image systems with and without spectroscopic redshifts and quantify the systematics using several diagnostics: image predictability, accuracy of model-predicted redshifts, enclosed mass, and magnification. We find that for models with >15 image systems, the image plane rms does not decrease significantly when more systems are added; however, the rms values quoted in the literature may be misleading as to the ability of a model to predict new multiple images. The mass is well constrained near the Einstein radius in all cases, and systematic error drops to <2% for models using >10 image systems. Magnification errors are smallest along the straight portions of the critical curve, and the value of the magnification is systematically lower near curved portions. For >15 systems, the systematic error on magnification is ∼2%. We report no trend in magnification error with the fraction of spectroscopic image systems when selecting constraints at random; however, when using the same selection of constraints, increasing this fraction up to ∼0.5 will increase model accuracy. The results suggest that the selection of constraints, rather than quantity alone, determines the accuracy of the magnification. We note that spectroscopic follow-up of at least a few image systems is crucial because models without any spectroscopic redshifts are inaccurate across all of our diagnostics.

BAO Plate Archive digitization, creation of electronic database and its scientific usage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mickaelian, Areg M.

2015-08-01

Astronomical plate archives created on the basis of numerous observations at many observatories are important part of the astronomical heritage. Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) plate archive consists of 37,500 photographic plates and films, obtained at 2.6m telescope, 1m and 0.5m Schmidt telescopes and other smaller ones during 1947-1991. In 2002-2005, the famous Markarian Survey (First Byurakan Survey, FBS) 2000 plates were digitized and the Digitized FBS (DFBS, http://www.aras.am/Dfbs/dfbs.html) was created. New science projects have been conducted based on these low-dispersion spectroscopic material. In 2015, we have started a project on the whole BAO Plate Archive digitization, creation of electronic database and its scientific usage. A Science Program Board is created to evaluate the observing material, to investigate new possibilities and to propose new projects based on the combined usage of these observations together with other world databases. The Executing Team consists of 9 astronomers and 3 computer scientists and will use 2 EPSON Perfection V750 Pro scanners for the digitization, as well as Armenian Virtual Observatory (ArVO) database to accommodate all new data. The project will run during 3 years in 2015-2017 and the final result will be an electronic database and online interactive sky map to be used for further research projects.

A novel pulse height analysis technique for nuclear spectroscopic and imaging systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tseng, H. H.; Wang, C. Y.; Chou, H. P.

2005-08-01

The proposed pulse height analysis technique is based on the constant and linear relationship between pulse width and pulse height generated from front-end electronics of nuclear spectroscopic and imaging systems. The present technique has successfully implemented into the sump water radiation monitoring system in a nuclear power plant. The radiation monitoring system uses a NaI(Tl) scintillator to detect radioactive nuclides of Radon daughters brought down by rain. The technique is also used for a nuclear medical imaging system. The system uses a position sensitive photomultiplier tube coupled with a scintillator. The proposed techniques has greatly simplified the electronic design and made the system a feasible one for potable applications.

Recent advances and remaining challenges for the spectroscopic detection of explosive threats.

PubMed

Fountain, Augustus W; Christesen, Steven D; Moon, Raphael P; Guicheteau, Jason A; Emmons, Erik D

2014-01-01

In 2010, the U.S. Army initiated a program through the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center to identify viable spectroscopic signatures of explosives and initiate environmental persistence, fate, and transport studies for trace residues. These studies were ultimately designed to integrate these signatures into algorithms and experimentally evaluate sensor performance for explosives and precursor materials in existing chemical point and standoff detection systems. Accurate and validated optical cross sections and signatures are critical in benchmarking spectroscopic-based sensors. This program has provided important information for the scientists and engineers currently developing trace-detection solutions to the homemade explosive problem. With this information, the sensitivity of spectroscopic methods for explosives detection can now be quantitatively evaluated before the sensor is deployed and tested.

IDEOS: Fitting Infrared Spectra from Dusty Galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viola, Vincent; Rupke, D.

2014-01-01

We fit models to heavily obscured infrared spectra taken by the Spitzer Space Telescope and prepare them for cataloguing in the Infrared Database of Extragalactic Observables from Spitzer (IDEOS). When completed, IDEOS will contain homogeneously measured mid-infrared spectroscopic observables of more than 4200 galaxies beyond the Local Group. The software we use, QUESTFit, models the spectra using up to three extincted blackbodies (including silicate, water ice, and hydrocarbon absorption) and PAH templates. We present results from a sample of the approximately 200 heavily obscured spectra that will be present in IDEOS.

Structure and substructure analysis of DAFT/FADA galaxy clusters in the [0.4–0.9] redshift range

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guennou, L.; et al.

2014-01-17

Context. The DAFT/FADA survey is based on the study of ~90 rich(masses found in the literature >2 x 10^14 M_⊙)and moderately distant clusters (redshifts 0.4 < z < 0.9), all withHST imaging data available. This survey has two main objectives: to constrain dark energy(DE) using weak lensing tomography on galaxy clusters and to build a database (deepmulti-band imaging allowing photometric redshift estimates, spectroscopic data, X-raydata) of rich distant clusters to study their properties.

New software solutions for analytical spectroscopists

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davies, Antony N.

1999-05-01

Analytical spectroscopists must be computer literate to effectively carry out the tasks assigned to them. This has often been resisted within organizations with insufficient funds to equip their staff properly, a lack of desire to deliver the essential training and a basic resistance amongst staff to learn the new techniques required for computer assisted analysis. In the past these problems were compounded by seriously flawed software which was being sold for spectroscopic applications. Owing to the limited market for such complex products the analytical spectroscopist often was faced with buying incomplete and unstable tools if the price was to remain reasonable. Long product lead times meant spectrometer manufacturers often ended up offering systems running under outdated and sometimes obscure operating systems. Not only did this mean special staff training for each instrument where the knowledge gained on one system could not be transferred to the neighbouring system but these spectrometers were often only capable of running in a stand-alone mode, cut-off from the rest of the laboratory environment. Fortunately a number of developments in recent years have substantially changed this depressing picture. A true multi-tasking operating system with a simple graphical user interface, Microsoft Windows NT4, has now been widely introduced into the spectroscopic computing environment which has provided a desktop operating system which has proved to be more stable and robust as well as requiring better programming techniques of software vendors. The opening up of the Internet has provided an easy way to access new tools for data handling and has forced a substantial re-think about results delivery (for example Chemical MIME types, IUPAC spectroscopic data exchange standards). Improved computing power and cheaper hardware now allows large spectroscopic data sets to be handled without too many problems. This includes the ability to carry out chemometric operations in minutes rather than hours. Fast networks now enable data analysis of even multi-dimensional spectroscopic data sets remote from the measuring instrument. A strong tendency to opt for a more unified graphical user interface which is substantially more user friendly allows even inexperienced users to rapidly get acquainted with even the complex mathematical analyses. Some examples of new spectroscopic software products will be given to demonstrate the aforesaid points and highlight the ease of integration into a modern analytical spectroscopy workplace.

Intravascular Raman spectroscopic catheter for molecular diagnosis of atherosclerotic coronary disease

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komachi, Yuichi; Sato, Hidetoshi; Tashiro, Hideo

2006-10-01

An intravascular catheter for Raman spectroscopic detection and analysis of coronary atherosclerotic disease has been developed. The catheter, having an outer diameter of 2 mm, consisted of a side-view-type micro-Raman probe, an imaging fiber bundle, a working channel (injection drain), and a balloon. By inflating the balloon, the probe was brought close to the inner wall of a modeled blood flow system and detected a phantom target buried in the wall. Results obtained demonstrate the possibility of using the spectroscopic catheter for molecular diagnosis of coronary lesions.

Application of a new non-linear least squares velocity curve analysis technique for spectroscopic binary stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karami, K.; Mohebi, R.; Soltanzadeh, M. M.

2008-11-01

Using measured radial velocity data of nine double lined spectroscopic binary systems NSV 223, AB And, V2082 Cyg, HS Her, V918 Her, BV Dra, BW Dra, V2357 Oph, and YZ Cas, we find corresponding orbital and spectroscopic elements via the method introduced by Karami and Mohebi (Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys. 7:558, 2007a) and Karami and Teimoorinia (Astrophys. Space Sci. 311:435, 2007). Our numerical results are in good agreement with those obtained by others using more traditional methods.

A spectroscopic search for colliding stellar winds in O-type close binary systems. I - AO Cassiopeiae

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gies, Douglas R.; Wiggs, Michael S.

1991-01-01

AO Cas, a short-period, double-lined spectroscopic binary, is studied as part of a search for spectroscopic evidence of colliding stellar winds in binary systems of O-type stars. High S/N ratio spectra of the H-alpha and He I 6678-A line profiles are presented, and their orbital-phase-related variations are examined in order to derive the location and motions of high-density circumstellar gas in the system. These profile variations are compared with those observed in the UV stellar wind lines in IUE archival spectra. IUE spectra are also used to derive a system mass ratio by constructing cross-correlation functions of a single-lined phase spectrum with each of the other spectra. The resulting mass ratio is consistent with the rotational line broadening of the primary star, if the primary is rotating synchronously with the binary system. The best-fit models were found to have an inclination of 61.1 deg + or - 3.0 deg and have a primary which is close to filling its critical Roche lobe.

Speckle and spectroscopic orbits of the early A-type triple system Eta Virginis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hartkopf, William I.; Mcalister, Harold A.; Yang, Xinxing; Fekel, Francis C.

1992-01-01

Eta Virginis is a bright (V = 3.89) triple system of composite spectral type A2 IV that has been observed for over a dozen years with both spectroscopy and speckle interferometry. Analysis of the speckle observations results in a long period of 13.1 yr. This period is also detected in residuals from the spectroscopic observations of the 71.7919 day short-period orbit. Elements of the long-period orbit were determined separately using the observations of both techniques. The more accurate elements from the speckle solution have been assumed in a simultaneous spectroscopic determination of the short- and long-period orbital elements. The magnitude difference of the speckle components suggests that lines of the third star should be visible in the spectrum.

The Maunakea Spectroscopic ExplorerStatus and System overview

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mignot, S.; Murowinski, R.; Szeto, K.; Blin, A.; Caillier, P.

2017-12-01

The Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) project explores the possibility of upgrading the existing CFHT telescope and collaboration to turn it into the most powerful spectroscopic facility available in the years 2020s. Its 10 meter aperture and its 1.5°² hexagonal field of view will allow both large and deep surveys, as complements to current (Gaia, eRosita, LOFAR) and future imaging (Euclid, WFIRST, SKA, LSST) surveys, but also to provide tentative targets to the TMT or the E-ELT. In perfect agreement with INSU's 2015-2020 prospective, besides being well represented in MSE's science team (23/105 members), France is also a major contributor to the Conceptual Design studies with CRAL developing a concept for the low and moderate spectrographs, DT INSU for the prime focus environment and GEPI for systems engineering.

Chemiluminescent photon yields measured in the flame photometric detector on chromatographic peaks containing sulfur, phosphorus, manganese, ruthenium, iron or selenium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aue, Walter A.; Singh, Hameraj

2001-05-01

Photon yields — the number of photons generated per analyte atom — are of obvious analytical and mechanistic importance in flame chemiluminescence. However, such numbers are unavailable for spectral detectors in gas chromatography (as well as for most conventional spectroscopic systems). In this study, photon yields have been determined for the chemiluminescence of several elements in the flame photometric detector (FPD). The number of photons generated per atom of FPD-active element was 2×10 -3 for sulfur (emitter S 2*, test compound thianaphthene), 3×10 -3 for phosphorus [HPO*, tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine], 8×10 -3 for manganese (Mn*, methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl), 3×10 -3 for ruthenium (emitter unknown, ruthenocene), 4×10 -5 for iron (Fe*, ferrocene) and 2×10 -4 for selenium (Se 2*, dimethylbenzselenazole). Total flows, maximum thermocouple temperatures, and visible flame volumes have also been estimated for each element under signal/noise-optimized conditions in order to provide a database for kinetic calculations.

Hiding in plain sight

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riedel, Adric Richard

2012-05-01

Since the first successful measurements of stellar trigonometric parallax in the 1830s, the study of nearby stars has focused on the highest proper motion stars (micro > 0.18″ yr-1). Those high proper motion stars have formed the backbone of the last 150 years of study of the Solar Neighborhood and the composition of the Galaxy. Statistically speaking, though, there is a population of stars that will have low proper motions when their space motions have been projected onto the sky. At the same time, over the last twenty years, populations of relatively young stars (less than ˜ 100 Myr), most of them with low proper motions, have been revealed near (< 100 pc) the Sun. This dissertation is the result of two related projects: A photometric search for nearby (< 25pc) southern-hemisphere M dwarf stars with low proper motions (micro < 0.18″ yr-1), and a search for nearby (< 100 pc) pre-main-sequence (< 125 Myr old) M dwarf systems. The projects rely on a variety of photometric, spectroscopic, and astrometric analyses (including parallaxes from our program) using data from telescopes at CTIO via the SMARTS Consortium and at Lowell Observatory. Within this dissertation, I describe the identification and confirmation of 23 new nearby low proper motion M dwarf systems within 25 pc, 8 of which are within 15 pc (50% of the anticipated low-proper-motion 15 pc sample). I also report photometric, spectroscopic, and astrometric parameters and identifications for a selection of 25 known and new candidate nearby young M dwarfs, including new low-mass members of the TW Hydra, beta Pictoris, Tucana-Horologium, Argus, and AB Doradus associations, following the methods of my Riedel et al. (2011) paper and its discovery of AP Col, the closest pre-main-sequence star to the Solar System. These low proper motion and nearby star discoveries are put into the context of the Solar Neighborhood as a whole by means of the new RECONS 25 pc Database, to which I have now added (including my Riedel et al. (2010) paper) 81 star systems (4% of the total). INDEX WORDS: Astronomy, Astrometry, Photometry, Spectroscopy, Kinematics, Proper motion, Parallax, Nearby stars, Low-mass stars, Young stars, Pre-main-sequence stars.

NCAD, a database integrating the intrinsic conformational preferences of non-coded amino acids

PubMed Central

Revilla-López, Guillem; Torras, Juan; Curcó, David; Casanovas, Jordi; Calaza, M. Isabel; Zanuy, David; Jiménez, Ana I.; Cativiela, Carlos; Nussinov, Ruth; Grodzinski, Piotr; Alemán, Carlos

2010-01-01

Peptides and proteins find an ever-increasing number of applications in the biomedical and materials engineering fields. The use of non-proteinogenic amino acids endowed with diverse physicochemical and structural features opens the possibility to design proteins and peptides with novel properties and functions. Moreover, non-proteinogenic residues are particularly useful to control the three-dimensional arrangement of peptidic chains, which is a crucial issue for most applications. However, information regarding such amino acids –also called non-coded, non-canonical or non-standard– is usually scattered among publications specialized in quite diverse fields as well as in patents. Making all these data useful to the scientific community requires new tools and a framework for their assembly and coherent organization. We have successfully compiled, organized and built a database (NCAD, Non-Coded Amino acids Database) containing information about the intrinsic conformational preferences of non-proteinogenic residues determined by quantum mechanical calculations, as well as bibliographic information about their synthesis, physical and spectroscopic characterization, conformational propensities established experimentally, and applications. The architecture of the database is presented in this work together with the first family of non-coded residues included, namely, α-tetrasubstituted α-amino acids. Furthermore, the NCAD usefulness is demonstrated through a test-case application example. PMID:20455555

Improvement of the Database on the 1.13-microns Band of Water Vapor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giver, Lawrence P.; Schwenke, David W.; Chackerian, Charles, Jr.; Varanasi, Prasad; Freedman, Richard S.; Gore, Warren J. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Corrections have recently been reported (Giver et al.) on the short-wave (visible and near-infrared) line intensities of water vapor that were catalogued in the spectroscopic database known as HITRAN. These updates have been posted on www.hitran.com, and are being used to reanalyze the polar stratospheric absorption in the 0.94 microns band as observed in POAM. We are currently investigating additional improvement in the 1.13 microns band using data obtained by us with an absorption path length of 1.107 km and 4 torr of water vapor and the ab initio line list of Partridge and Schwenke (needs ref). We are proposing the following four types of improvement of the HITRAN database in this region: 1) HITRAN has nearly 200 lines in this region without proper assignments of rotational quantum levels. Nearly all of them can now be assigned. 2) We have measured positions of the observable H2O-17 and H2O-18 lines. These lines in HITRAN currently have approximate positions based upon rather aged computations. 3) Some additional lines are observed and assigned which should be included in the database. 4) Corrections are necessary for the lower state energies E" for the HITRAN lines of the 121-010 "hot" band.

Spectral signatures for RDX-based explosives in the 3 micron region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osborn, Tabetha; Kaimal, Sindhu; Reeve, Scott W.; Burns, William

2008-04-01

Explosive compounds such as RDX, and HMX present significant challenges to optically based sensors. This difficulty is due in part to the low vapor pressures these compounds possess. One approach for sensing explosives that circumvents the low explosive vapor pressure problem, involves focusing on the trace amounts of relatively high vapor pressure impurities that will be present in the vapor signature. In order to effectively detect these volatile impurities, the spectral signature databases must be readily available. One of our goals therefore, is the generation of a database of high resolution spectral signatures for these volatile organic impurities. Some rather formidable spectroscopic measurement challenges have been encountered while working to extend the spectral signature effort to the 3 micron region. Here we will outline progress to date, with a focus on the volatile organic compounds formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, nitromethane, acetone, isobutene, and cyclohexanone.

Speed-dependent Voigt lineshape parameter database from dual frequency comb measurements up to 1305 K. Part I: Pure H2O absorption, 6801-7188 cm-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schroeder, Paul J.; Cich, Matthew J.; Yang, Jinyu; Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.; Swann, William C.; Coddington, Ian; Newbury, Nathan R.; Drouin, Brian J.; Rieker, Gregory B.

2018-05-01

We measure speed-dependent Voigt lineshape parameters with temperature-dependence exponents for several hundred spectroscopic features of pure water spanning 6801-7188 cm-1. The parameters are extracted from broad bandwidth, high-resolution dual frequency comb absorption spectra with multispectrum fitting techniques. The data encompass 25 spectra ranging from 296 K to 1305 K and 1 to 17 Torr of pure water vapor. We present the extracted parameters, compare them to published data, and present speed-dependence, self-shift, and self-broadening temperature-dependent parameters for the first time. Lineshape data is extracted using a quadratic speed-dependent Voigt profile and a single self-broadening power law temperature-dependence exponent over the entire temperature range. The results represent an important step toward a new high-temperature database using advanced lineshape profiles.

Combining VPL tools with NEMESIS to Probe Hot Jupiter Exoclimes for JWST

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Afrin Badhan, Mahmuda; Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar; Domagal-Goldman, Shawn; Hébrard, Eric; Deming, Drake; Barstow, Joanna; Claire, Mark; Irwin, Patrick GJ; Mandell, Avi; Batalha, Natasha; Garland, Ryan

2016-06-01

Hot Jupiters are the most readily detected exoplanets by present technology. Since the scorching temperatures (>1000K) from high stellar irradiation levels do not allow for cold traps to form in their atmospheres, we can constrain their envelope’s elemental composition with greater confidence compared to our own Jupiter. Thus highly irradiated giant exoplanets hold keys to advancing our understanding of the origin and evolution of planetary systems.Constraining the atmospheric constituents through retrieval methods demands high-precision spectroscopic measurements and robust models to match those measurements. The former will be provided by NASA’s upcoming missions such as JWST. We meet the latter by producing self-consistent retrievals. Here I present modeling results for the temperature structure and photochemical gas abundances of water, methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, in the dayside atmospheres of selected H2-dominated hot Jupiters observed by present space missions and JWST/NIRSpec simulations, for two [C]/[O] metallicity ratios.The photochemical models were computed using a recently upgraded version of the NASA Astrobiology Institute’s VPL/Atmos software suite. For the radiative transfer and retrieval work, I have utilized a combination of two different numerical approaches in the extensively validated NEMESIS Atmospheric Retrieval Algorithm (Oxford Planetary Group). I have also represented the temperature profile in an analytical radiative equilibrium form to ascertain their physical plausibility. Finally, high-temperature (T> 1000K) spectroscopic opacity databases are slowly but continually being improved. Since this carries the potential of impacting irradiated atmospheric models quite significantly, I also talk about the potential observable impact of such improvements on the retrieval results.

The CHARA Array Resolves the 1.1 Day Period Spectroscopic Binary HD 146361, the Shortest Period System Resolved To-Date

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raghavan, Deepak; McAlister, H. A.

2007-12-01

We present a visual orbit for the spectroscopic binary, HD 146361, derived from observations at the CHARA Array's long baseline interferometer. The 26 calibrated visibility measurements obtained during May - July 2007 allow us to determine a full orbital solution and component masses for this known spectroscopic binary. The HD 146361 pair has a circular orbit of nearly equal-mass components with a good quality double-lined spectroscopic orbit (Dave Latham, private communication). We have adopted the well-constrained spectroscopic orbital elements and fit the angular semi-major axis, inclination, and longitude of nodes to the binary visibility curve equations. Using these elements and the Hipparcos parallax of 46.11 ± 0.98 mas, we obtain component masses of 1.046 ± 0.084 Msol and 1.000 ± 0.080 Msol. We have planned further observations of this system to reduce the mass uncertainties and may present an updated result at the meeting. This is the shortest period spectroscopic binary resolved as of yet with an interferometer. This work is being done in the context of Raghavan's thesis project, which is a survey of solar-type stars in the solar neighborhood. By completing this survey, we hope to build a comprehensive view of the environments around solar-type stars and improve our understanding of their habitats by analyzing their companions of all types - stars, brown dwarfs, and planets. We have chosen an unbiased, volume-limited sample of 455 primary stars as representatives of the solar-type stars in our Galaxy. Our effort is a modern update to the seminal work of Duquennoy & Mayor (1991) and will contribute to the broader subjects of stellar evolution and planetary system formation, evolution, and stability. Research at the CHARA Array is supported by the College of Arts and Sciences at Georgia State University and by the National Science Foundation through NSF Grant AST 0606958.

Mossbauer spectroscopic studies in ferroboron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yadav, Ravi Kumar; Govindaraj, R.; Amarendra, G.

2017-05-01

Mossbauer spectroscopic studies have been carried out in a detailed manner on ferroboron in order to understand the local structure and magnetic properties of the system. Evolution of the local structure and magnetic properties of the amorphous and crystalline phases and their thermal stability have been addressed in a detailed manner in this study. Role of bonding between Fe 4s and/or 4p electrons with valence electrons of boron (2s,2p) in influencing the stability and magnetic properties of Fe-B system is elucidated.

3D "spectracoustic" system: a modular, tomographic, spectroscopic mapping imaging, non-invasive, diagnostic system for detection of small starting developing tumors like melanoma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karagiannis, Georgios

2017-03-01

This work led to a new method named 3D spectracoustic tomographic mapping imaging. The current and the future work is related to the fabrication of a combined acoustic microscopy transducer and infrared illumination probe permitting the simultaneous acquisition of the spectroscopic and the tomographic information. This probe provides with the capability of high fidelity and precision registered information from the combined modalities named spectracoustic information.

THE SYSTEMATICS OF STRONG LENS MODELING QUANTIFIED: THE EFFECTS OF CONSTRAINT SELECTION AND REDSHIFT INFORMATION ON MAGNIFICATION, MASS, AND MULTIPLE IMAGE PREDICTABILITY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, Traci L.; Sharon, Keren, E-mail: tljohn@umich.edu

Until now, systematic errors in strong gravitational lens modeling have been acknowledged but have never been fully quantified. Here, we launch an investigation into the systematics induced by constraint selection. We model the simulated cluster Ares 362 times using random selections of image systems with and without spectroscopic redshifts and quantify the systematics using several diagnostics: image predictability, accuracy of model-predicted redshifts, enclosed mass, and magnification. We find that for models with >15 image systems, the image plane rms does not decrease significantly when more systems are added; however, the rms values quoted in the literature may be misleading asmore » to the ability of a model to predict new multiple images. The mass is well constrained near the Einstein radius in all cases, and systematic error drops to <2% for models using >10 image systems. Magnification errors are smallest along the straight portions of the critical curve, and the value of the magnification is systematically lower near curved portions. For >15 systems, the systematic error on magnification is ∼2%. We report no trend in magnification error with the fraction of spectroscopic image systems when selecting constraints at random; however, when using the same selection of constraints, increasing this fraction up to ∼0.5 will increase model accuracy. The results suggest that the selection of constraints, rather than quantity alone, determines the accuracy of the magnification. We note that spectroscopic follow-up of at least a few image systems is crucial because models without any spectroscopic redshifts are inaccurate across all of our diagnostics.« less

An approach to the analysis of SDSS spectroscopic outliers based on self-organizing maps. Designing the outlier analysis software package for the next Gaia survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fustes, D.; Manteiga, M.; Dafonte, C.; Arcay, B.; Ulla, A.; Smith, K.; Borrachero, R.; Sordo, R.

2013-11-01

Aims: A new method applied to the segmentation and further analysis of the outliers resulting from the classification of astronomical objects in large databases is discussed. The method is being used in the framework of the Gaia satellite Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) activities to prepare automated software tools that will be used to derive basic astrophysical information that is to be included in final Gaia archive. Methods: Our algorithm has been tested by means of simulated Gaia spectrophotometry, which is based on SDSS observations and theoretical spectral libraries covering a wide sample of astronomical objects. Self-organizing maps networks are used to organize the information in clusters of objects, as homogeneously as possible according to their spectral energy distributions, and to project them onto a 2D grid where the data structure can be visualized. Results: We demonstrate the usefulness of the method by analyzing the spectra that were rejected by the SDSS spectroscopic classification pipeline and thus classified as "UNKNOWN". First, our method can help distinguish between astrophysical objects and instrumental artifacts. Additionally, the application of our algorithm to SDSS objects of unknown nature has allowed us to identify classes of objects with similar astrophysical natures. In addition, the method allows for the potential discovery of hundreds of new objects, such as white dwarfs and quasars. Therefore, the proposed method is shown to be very promising for data exploration and knowledge discovery in very large astronomical databases, such as the archive from the upcoming Gaia mission.

V694 Mon (MWC 560) spectroscopy requested

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waagen, Elizabeth O.

2017-05-01

The observing campaign from 2016 on V694 Mon (MWC 560) (AAVSO Alert Notice 538) has been continued, but with different requirements. Photometry is no longer specifically requested on a regular basis (although ongoing observations that do not interfere with other obligations are welcome). Spectroscopy on a cadence of a week or two is requested to monitor changes in the disk outflow. Investigator Adrian Lucy writes: "Adrian Lucy and Dr. Jeno Sokoloski (Columbia University) have requested spectroscopic monitoring of the broad-absorption-line symbiotic star V694 Mon (MWC 560), as a follow-up to coordinated multi-wavelength observations obtained during its recent outburst (ATel #8653, #8832, #8957; #10281). This system is a perfect place in which to study the relationship between an accretion disk and disk winds/jets, and a high-value target for which even low-resolution spectra can be extraordinarily useful...Optical brightening in MWC 560 tends to predict higher-velocity absorption, but sometimes jumps in absorption velocity also appear during optical quiescence (e.g., Iijima 2001, ASPCS, 242, 187). If such a velocity jump occurs during photometric quiescence, it may prompt radio observations to confirm and test the proposed outflow origin for recently-discovered flat-spectrum radio emission (Lucy et al. ATel #10281)...Furthermore, volunteer spectroscopic monitoring of this system has proved useful in unpredictable ways. For example, 'amateur' spectra obtained by Somogyi Péter in 2015 December demonstrated that the velocity of absorption was very low only a month before an optical outburst peak prompted absorption troughs up to 3000 km/s, which constrains very well the timing of the changes to the outflow to a degree that would not have been otherwise possible. Any resolution can be useful. A wavelength range that can accommodate a blueshift of at least 140 angstroms (6000 km/s) from the rest wavelengths of H-alpha at 6562 angstroms and/or H-beta at 4861 angstroms is ideal, though spectra with a smaller range can still be useful. Photometry could potentially still be useful, but will be supplementary to medium-cadence photometry being collected by the ANS collaboration." "Spectroscopy may be uploaded to the ARAS database (http://www.astrosurf.com/aras/Aras_DataBase/DataBase.htm), or sent to Adrian and Jeno directly at . Finder charts with sequence may be created using the AAVSO Variable Star Plotter (https://www.aavso.org/vsp). Photometry should be submitted to the AAVSO International Database. See full Special Notice for more details.

Near-infrared diode laser based spectroscopic detection of ammonia: a comparative study of photoacoustic and direct optical absorption methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bozoki, Zoltan; Mohacsi, Arpad; Szabo, Gabor; Bor, Zsolt; Erdelyi, Miklos; Chen, Weidong; Tittel, Frank K.

2002-01-01

A photoacoustic spectroscopic (PAS) and a direct optical absorption spectroscopic (OAS) gas sensor, both using continuous-wave room-temperature diode lasers operating at 1531.8 nm, were compared on the basis of ammonia detection. Excellent linear correlation between the detector signals of the two systems was found. Although the physical properties and the mode of operation of both sensors were significantly different, their performances were found to be remarkably similar, with a sub-ppm level minimum detectable concentration of ammonia and a fast response time in the range of a few minutes.

A compact imaging spectroscopic system for biomolecular detections on plasmonic chips.

PubMed

Lo, Shu-Cheng; Lin, En-Hung; Wei, Pei-Kuen; Tsai, Wan-Shao

2016-10-17

In this study, we demonstrate a compact imaging spectroscopic system for high-throughput detection of biomolecular interactions on plasmonic chips, based on a curved grating as the key element of light diffraction and light focusing. Both the curved grating and the plasmonic chips are fabricated on flexible plastic substrates using a gas-assisted thermal-embossing method. A fiber-coupled broadband light source and a camera are included in the system. Spectral resolution within 1 nm is achieved in sensing environmental index solutions and protein bindings. The detected sensitivities of the plasmonic chip are comparable with a commercial spectrometer. An extra one-dimensional scanning stage enables high-throughput detection of protein binding on a designed plasmonic chip consisting of several nanoslit arrays with different periods. The detected resonance wavelengths match well with the grating equation under an air environment. Wavelength shifts between 1 and 9 nm are detected for antigens of various concentrations binding with antibodies. A simple, mass-productive and cost-effective method has been demonstrated on the imaging spectroscopic system for real-time, label-free, highly sensitive and high-throughput screening of biomolecular interactions.

A phenomenological approach to modeling chemical dynamics in nonlinear and two-dimensional spectroscopy.

PubMed

Ramasesha, Krupa; De Marco, Luigi; Horning, Andrew D; Mandal, Aritra; Tokmakoff, Andrei

2012-04-07

We present an approach for calculating nonlinear spectroscopic observables, which overcomes the approximations inherent to current phenomenological models without requiring the computational cost of performing molecular dynamics simulations. The trajectory mapping method uses the semi-classical approximation to linear and nonlinear response functions, and calculates spectra from trajectories of the system's transition frequencies and transition dipole moments. It rests on identifying dynamical variables important to the problem, treating the dynamics of these variables stochastically, and then generating correlated trajectories of spectroscopic quantities by mapping from the dynamical variables. This approach allows one to describe non-Gaussian dynamics, correlated dynamics between variables of the system, and nonlinear relationships between spectroscopic variables of the system and the bath such as non-Condon effects. We illustrate the approach by applying it to three examples that are often not adequately treated by existing analytical models--the non-Condon effect in the nonlinear infrared spectra of water, non-Gaussian dynamics inherent to strongly hydrogen bonded systems, and chemical exchange processes in barrier crossing reactions. The methods described are generally applicable to nonlinear spectroscopy throughout the optical, infrared and terahertz regions.

Spectroscopic determination of anthraquinone in kraft pulping liquors using a membrane interface

Treesearch

X.S. Chai; X.T. Yang; Q.X. Hou; J.Y. Zhu; L.-G. Danielsson

2003-01-01

A spectroscopic technique for determining AQ in pulping liquor was developed to effectively separate AQ from dissolved lignin. This technique is based on a flow analysis system with a Nafion membrane interface. The AQ passed through the membrane is converted into its reduced form, AHQ, using sodium hydrosulfite. AHQ has distinguished absorption characteristics in the...

Spectroscopic parallaxes of MAP region stars from UBVRI, DDO, and uvbyH-beta photometry. [Multichannel Astrometric Photometer for astronomical observation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Persinger, Tim; Castelaz, Michael W.

1990-01-01

This paper presents the results of spectral type and luminosity classification of reference stars in the Allegheny Observatory MAP parallax program, using broadband and intermediate-band photometry. In addition to the use of UBVRI and DDO photometric systems, the uvbyH-beta photometric system was included for classification of blue (B - V less than 0.6) reference stars. The stellar classifications made from the photometry are used to determine spectroscopic parallaxes. The spectroscopic parallaxes are used in turn to adjust the relative parallaxes measured with the MAP to absolute parallaxes. A new method for dereddening stars using more than one photometric system is presented. In the process of dereddening, visual extinctions, spectral types, and luminosity classes are determined, as well as a measure of the goodness of fit. The measure of goodness of fit quantifies confidence in the stellar classifications. It is found that the spectral types are reliable to within 2.5 spectral subclasses.

Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods for the determination of solvent properties of room temperature ionic liquids.

PubMed

Poole, Colin F

2004-05-28

Room temperature ionic liquids are novel solvents with favorable environmental and technical features. Synthetic routes to over 200 room temperature ionic liquids are known but for most ionic liquids physicochemical data are generally lacking or incomplete. Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods afford suitable tools for the study of solvation properties under conditions that approximate infinite dilution. Gas-liquid chromatography is suitable for the determination of gas-liquid partition coefficients and activity coefficients as well as thermodynamic constants derived from either of these parameters and their variation with temperature. The solvation parameter model can be used to define the contribution from individual intermolecular interactions to the gas-liquid partition coefficient. Application of chemometric procedures to a large database of system constants for ionic liquids indicates their unique solvent properties: low cohesion for ionic liquids with weakly associated ions compared with non-ionic liquids of similar polarity; greater hydrogen-bond basicity than typical polar non-ionic solvents; and a range of dipolarity/polarizability that encompasses the same range as occupied by the most polar non-ionic liquids. These properties can be crudely related to ion structures but further work is required to develop a comprehensive approach for the design of ionic liquids for specific applications. Data for liquid-liquid partition coefficients is scarce by comparison with gas-liquid partition coefficients. Preliminary studies indicate the possibility of using the solvation parameter model for interpretation of liquid-liquid partition coefficients determined by shake-flask procedures as well as the feasibility of using liquid-liquid chromatography for the convenient and rapid determination of liquid-liquid partition coefficients. Spectroscopic measurements of solvatochromic and fluorescent probe molecules in room temperature ionic liquids provide insights into solvent intermolecular interactions although interpretation of the different and generally uncorrelated "polarity" scales is sometimes ambiguous. All evidence points to the ionic liquids as a unique class of polar solvents suitable for technical development. In terms of designer solvents, however, further work is needed to fill the gaps in our knowledge of the relationship between ion structures and physicochemical properties.

DES Science Portal: Computing Photometric Redshifts

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gschwend, Julia

An important challenge facing photometric surveys for cosmological purposes, such as the Dark Energy Survey (DES), is the need to produce reliable photometric redshifts (photo-z). The choice of adequate algorithms and configurations and the maintenance of an up-to-date spectroscopic database to build training sets, for example, are challenging tasks when dealing with large amounts of data that are regularly updated and constantly growing. In this paper, we present the first of a series of tools developed by DES, provided as part of the DES Science Portal, an integrated web-based data portal developed to facilitate the scientific analysis of the data,more » while ensuring the reproducibility of the analysis. We present the DES Science Portal photometric redshift tools, starting from the creation of a spectroscopic sample to training the neural network photo-z codes, to the final estimation of photo-zs for a large photometric catalog. We illustrate this operation by calculating well calibrated photo-zs for a galaxy sample extracted from the DES first year (Y1A1) data. The series of processes mentioned above is run entirely within the Portal environment, which automatically produces validation metrics, and maintains the provenance between the different steps. This system allows us to fine tune the many steps involved in the process of calculating photo-zs, making sure that we do not lose the information on the configurations and inputs of the previous processes. By matching the DES Y1A1 photometry to a spectroscopic sample, we define different training sets that we use to feed the photo-z algorithms already installed at the Portal. Finally, we validate the results under several conditions, including the case of a sample limited to i<22.5 with the color properties close to the full DES Y1A1 photometric data. This way we compare the performance of multiple methods and training configurations. The infrastructure presented here is an effcient way to test several methods of calculating photo-zs and use them to create different catalogs for portal science workflows« less

Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars. XI.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pribulla, Theodor; Rucinski, Slavek M.; Lu, Wenxian; Mochnacki, Stefan W.; Conidis, George; Blake, R. M.; DeBond, Heide; Thomson, J. R.; Pych, Wojtek; Ogłoza, Waldemar; Siwak, Michal

2006-08-01

Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to orbital radial velocity variations are presented for 10 close binary systems: DU Boo, ET Boo, TX Cnc, V1073 Cyg, HL Dra, AK Her, VW LMi, V566 Oph, TV UMi, and AG Vir. With this contribution, the David Dunlap Observatory program has reached the point of 100 published radial velocity orbits. The radial velocities have been determined using an improved fitting technique that uses rotational profiles to approximate individual peaks in broadening functions. Three systems, ET Boo, VW LMi, and TV UMi, are found to be quadruple, while AG Vir appears to be a spectroscopic triple. ET Boo, a member of a close visual binary with Pvis=113 yr, was previously known to be a multiple system, but we show that the second component is actually a close, noneclipsing binary. The new observations have enabled us to determine the spectroscopic orbits of the companion, noneclipsing pairs in ET Boo and VW LMi. A particularly interesting case is VW LMi, for which the period of the mutual revolution of the two spectroscopic binaries is only 355 days. While most of the studied eclipsing pairs are contact binaries, ET Boo is composed of two double-lined detached binaries, and HL Dra is a single-lined detached or semidetached system. Five systems of this group have been observed spectroscopically before: TX Cnc, V1073 Cyg, AK Her (as a single-lined binary), V566 Oph, and AG Vir, but our new data are of much higher quality than in the previous studies. Based on data obtained at the David Dunlap Observatory, University of Toronto, Canada.

HEARTBEAT STARS: SPECTROSCOPIC ORBITAL SOLUTIONS FOR SIX ECCENTRIC BINARY SYSTEMS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smullen, Rachel A.; Kobulnicky, Henry A., E-mail: rsmullen@email.arizona.edu

2015-08-01

We present multi-epoch spectroscopy of “heartbeat stars,” eccentric binaries with dynamic tidal distortions and tidally induced pulsations originally discovered with the Kepler satellite. Optical spectra of six known heartbeat stars using the Wyoming Infrared Observatory 2.3 m telescope allow measurement of stellar effective temperatures and radial velocities from which we determine orbital parameters including the periods, eccentricities, approximate mass ratios, and component masses. These spectroscopic solutions confirm that the stars are members of eccentric binary systems with eccentricities e > 0.34 and periods P = 7–20 days, strengthening conclusions from prior works that utilized purely photometric methods. Heartbeat stars inmore » this sample have A- or F-type primary components. Constraints on orbital inclinations indicate that four of the six systems have minimum mass ratios q = 0.3–0.5, implying that most secondaries are probable M dwarfs or earlier. One system is an eclipsing, double-lined spectroscopic binary with roughly equal-mass mid-A components (q = 0.95), while another shows double-lined behavior only near periastron, indicating that the F0V primary has a G1V secondary (q = 0.65). This work constitutes the first measurements of the masses of secondaries in a statistical sample of heartbeat stars. The good agreement between our spectroscopic orbital elements and those derived using a photometric model support the idea that photometric data are sufficient to derive reliable orbital parameters for heartbeat stars.« less

ORBITAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE σ Ori Aa, Ab, B TRIPLE SYSTEM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simón-Díaz, S.; Caballero, J. A.; Apellániz, J. Maíz

2015-02-01

We provide a complete characterization of the astrophysical properties of the σ Ori Aa, Ab, B hierarchical triple system and an improved set of orbital parameters for the highly eccentric σ Ori Aa, Ab spectroscopic binary. We compiled a spectroscopic data set comprising 90 high-resolution spectra covering a total time span of 1963 days. We applied the Lehman-Filhés method for a detailed orbital analysis of the radial velocity curves and performed a combined quantitative spectroscopic analysis of the σ Ori Aa, Ab, B system by means of the stellar atmosphere code FASTWIND. We used our own plus other available information onmore » photometry and distance to the system for measuring the radii, luminosities, and spectroscopic masses of the three components. We also inferred evolutionary masses and stellar ages using the Bayesian code BONNSAI. The orbital analysis of the new radial velocity curves led to a very accurate orbital solution of the σ Ori Aa, Ab pair. We provided indirect arguments indicating that σ Ori B is a fast-rotating early B dwarf. The FASTWIND+BONNSAI analysis showed that the Aa, Ab pair contains the hottest and most massive components of the triple system while σ Ori B is a bit cooler and less massive. The derived stellar ages of the inner pair are intriguingly younger than the one widely accepted for the σ Orionis cluster, at 3 ± 1 Ma. The outcome of this study will be of key importance for a precise determination of the distance to the σ Orionis cluster, the interpretation of the strong X-ray emission detected for σ Ori Aa, Ab, B, and the investigation of the formation and evolution of multiple massive stellar systems and substellar objects.« less

Mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy for atmospheric NO2 measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lassen, Mikael; Lamard, Laurent; Balslev-Harder, David; Peremans, Andre; Petersen, Jan C.

2018-02-01

A photoacoustic (PA) sensor for spectroscopic measurements of NO2-N2 at ambient pressure and temperature is demonstrated. The PA sensor is pumped resonantly by a nanosecond pulsed single-mode mid-infrared (MIR) optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Spectroscopic measurements of NO2-N2 in the 3.25 μm to 3.55 μm wavelength region with a resolution bandwidth of 5 cm-1 and with a single shot detection limit of 1.6 ppmV (μmol/mol) is demonstrated. The measurements were conducted with a constant flow rate of 300 ml/min, thus demonstrating the suitability of the gas sensor for real time trace gas measurements. The acquired spectra is compared with data from the Hitran database and good agreement is found. An Allan deviation analysis shows that the detection limit at optimum integration time for the PAS sensor is 14 ppbV (nmol/mol) at 170 seconds of integration time, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient of 3.3×10-7 W cm-1 Hz-1/2.

BATSE Solar Flare Spectroscopy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schwartz, R. A.

1998-01-01

This final report describes the progress originally proposed: (1) the continued improvement of a software and database environment capable of supporting all users of BATSE solar data as well as providing scientific expertise and effort to the BATSE solar community; (2) the continued participation with the PI team and other guest investigators in the detailed analysis of the BATSE detectors' response at low energies; (3) using spectroscopic techniques to fully exploit the potential of electron time-of-flight studies; and, (4) a full search for flare gamma-ray line emission at 2.2 MeV from all GOES X-class flares observed with BATSE.

Spectroscopic Data for an Astronomy Data Base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parkinson, W. H.; Smith, Peter L.

1997-01-01

When we began this work, very few of the atomic and molecular data used by astronomers in the analysis of astronomical spectra were available in on-line searchable databases. Our principal goal was to: make the most useful of the atomic data files of R.L. Kurucuz (1995a,b) available on the WWW; and also to make the atomic data of R.L. Kelly for ultraviolet lines (i.e., essentially the same as the data in Kelly (1979) and Kelly (1987)) similarly available. In addition, we proposed to improve access to parameters for simple molecules of interest to astronomers.

Spectroscopic Investigations of Fragment Species in the Coma

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feldman, Paul D.; Cochran, Anita L.; Combi, Michael R.

2004-01-01

The content of the gaseous coma of a comet is dominated by fragment species produced by photolysis of the parent molecules issuing directly from the icy nucleus of the comet. Spectroscopy of these species provides complementary information on the physical state of the coma to that obtained from observations of the parent species. Extraction of physical parameters requires detailed molecular and atomic data together with reliable high-resolution spectra and absolute fluxes of the primary source of excitation, the Sun. The large database of observations, dating back more than a century, provides a means to assess the chemical and evolutionary diversity of comets.

Kiso Multi-Fiber Spectroscope Project (C)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yadoumaru, Yasushi; Itoh, Nobunari; Nakada, Yoshikazu; Tarusawa, Ken'ichi; Soyano, Takao; Mito, Hiroyuki

A Multi-FIBER Spectroscope at Kiso Observatory is under consideration as our next instrument. In this paper we report an overview of our instrument and a scientific target of our survey project. We are going to attach multi-fiber system at the prime focus of Kiso 105cm Schmidt telescope. This telescope has some advantages for our project. First, the efficiency in survey for the object, which number density is 0.1 to 10 degree2, is higher than other multi object system due to the wide field of view (6 degree x 6 degree). Second, an optics of telescope is well-matched to fiber numerical aperture (NA) at an input end of fiber. Moreover, taking a focal ratio degradation (FRD) and scrambling property into account, since the light from object dose not move at the entrance slit of spectroscope, we could get spectroscopic data stably with this system. We select a fiber with 100 micron meter core which is correspond to 6 arcsec on focal plane, that is matched with a typical seeing (about 3 arcsec) of Kiso Observatory and set 150 fibers to one field. For efficient observations, it is necessary to arrange fibers accurately within an accuracy of +/- 25 micron meter on the curved focal plane during a typical exposure time (1 hour). Therefore we examine a particular positioner specialized for curved surface. We also develop a spectroscope that is suited for a fast focal ratio and proceed with making its design. One of our main key projects with this system is a non-biased metallicity survey for solar neighbor stars. We are now establishing a new metallicity determination method that easily and reliably measures a metallicity from low-dispersion spectra. (see Itoh et al.). As we consider our main target as Galactic objects and low resolution (R is around 1000), we could observe a star with 17 mag at V-band (1 hour exposure).

IR spectroscopic studies in microchannel structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guber, A. E.; Bier, W.

1998-06-01

By means of the various microengineering methods available, microreaction systems can be produced among others. These microreactors consist of microchannels, where chemical reactions take place under defined conditions. For optimum process control, continuous online analytics is envisaged in the microchannels. For this purpose, a special analytical module has been developed. It may be applied for IR spectroscopic studies at any point of the microchannel.

Virtual scanning tunneling microscopy: A local spectroscopic probe of two-dimensional electron systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sciambi, A.; Pelliccione, M.; Bank, S. R.; Gossard, A. C.; Goldhaber-Gordon, D.

2010-09-01

We propose a probe technique capable of performing local low-temperature spectroscopy on a two-dimensional electron system (2DES) in a semiconductor heterostructure. Motivated by predicted spatially-structured electron phases, the probe uses a charged metal tip to induce electrons to tunnel locally, directly below the tip, from a "probe" 2DES to a "subject" 2DES of interest. We test this concept with large-area (nonscanning) tunneling measurements, and predict a high spatial resolution and spectroscopic capability, with minimal influence on the physics in the subject 2DES.

Low resolution spectroscopy of selected Algol systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Devarapalli, Shanti Priya; Jagirdar, Rukmini; Parthasarathy, M.; Sahu, D. K.; Mohan, Vijay; Bhatt, B. C.; Thomas, Vineet S.

2018-04-01

The analysis of spectroscopic data for 30 Algol-type binaries is presented. All these systems are short period Algols having primaries with spectral types B and A. Dominant spectral lines were identified for the spectra collected and their equivalent widths were calculated. All the spectra were examined to understand presence of mass transfer, a disk or circumstellar matter and chromospheric emission. We also present first spectroscopic and period study for few Algols and conclude that high resolution spectra within and outside the primary minimum are needed for better understanding of these Algol type close binaries.

The Double Contact Nature of TT Herculis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terrell, Dirk; Nelson, Robert H.

2014-03-01

We present new radial velocities and photometry of the short-period Algol TT Herculis. Previous attempts to model the light curves of the system have met with limited success, primarily because of the lack of a reliable mass ratio. Our spectroscopic observations are the first to result in radial velocities for the secondary star, and thus provide a spectroscopic mass ratio. Simultaneous analysis of the radial velocities and new photometry shows that the system is a double contact binary, with a rapidly rotating primary that fills its limiting lobe.

High pressure reaction cell and transfer mechanism for ultrahigh vacuum spectroscopic chambers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, A. E.; Schulz, K. H.

2000-06-01

A novel high pressure reaction cell and sample transfer mechanism for ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) spectroscopic chambers is described. The design employs a unique modification of a commercial load-lock transfer system to emulate a tractable microreactor. The reaction cell has an operating pressure range of <1×10-4 to 1000 Torr and can be evacuated to UHV conditions to enable sample transfer into the spectroscopic chamber. Additionally, a newly designed sample holder equipped with electrical and thermocouple contacts is described. The sample holder is capable of resistive specimen heating to 400 and 800 °C with current requirements of 14 A (2 V) and 25 A (3.5 V), respectively. The design enables thorough material science characterization of catalytic reactions and the surface chemistry of catalytic materials without exposing the specimen to atmospheric contaminants. The system is constructed primarily from readily available commercial equipment allowing its rapid implementation into existing laboratories.

Multireference - Møller-Plesset Perturbation Theory Results on Levels and Transition Rates in Al-like Ions of Iron Group Elements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Santana, J A; Ishikawa, Y; Tr�abert, E

2009-02-26

Ground configuration and low-lying levels of Al-like ions contribute to a variety of laboratory and solar spectra, but the available information in databases are neither complete not necessarily correct. We have performed multireference Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory calculations that approach spectroscopic accuracy in order to check the information that databases hold on the 40 lowest levels of Al-Like ions of iron group elements (K through Ge), and to provide input for the interpretation of concurrent experiments. Our results indicate problems of the database holdings on the levels of the lowest quartet levels in the lighter elements of the range studied. Themore » results of our calculations of the decay rates of five long-lived levels (3s{sup 2}3p {sup 2}p{sup o}{sub 3/2}, 3s3p{sup 2} {sup 4}P{sup o} J and 3s3p3d {sup 4}F{sup o}{sub 9/2}) are compared with lifetime data from beam-foil, electron beam ion trap and heavy-ion storage ring experiments.« less

Physical Parameters of Components in Close Binary Systems: IV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gazeas, K. D.; Baran, A.; Niarchos, P.; Zola, S.; Kreiner, J. M.; Ogloza, W.; Rucinski, S. M.; Zakrzewski, B.; Siwak, M.; Pigulski, A.; Drozdz, M.

2005-03-01

The paper presents new geometric, photometric and absolute parameters, derived from combined spectroscopic and photometric solutions, for ten contact binary systems. The analysis shows that three systems (EF Boo, GM Dra and SW Lac) are of W-type with shallow to moderate contact. Seven systems (V417 Aql, AH Aur, YY CrB, UX Eri, DZ Psc, GR Vir and NN Vir) are of A-type in a deep contact configuration. For six systems (V417 Aql, YY CrB, GM Dra, UX Eri, SW Lac and GR Vir) a spot model is introduced to explain the O'Connell effect in their light curves. The photometric and geometric elements of the systems are combined with the spectroscopic data taken at David Dunlap Observatory to yield the absolute parameters of the components.

SPECTROSCOPIC ORBITS FOR 15 LATE-TYPE STARS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Willmarth, Daryl W.; Abt, Helmut A.; Fekel, Francis C.

2016-08-01

Spectroscopic orbital elements are determined for 15 stars with periods from 8 to 6528 days with six orbits computed for the first time. Improved astrometric orbits are computed for two stars and one new orbit is derived. Visual orbits were previously determined for four stars, four stars are members of multiple systems, and five stars have Hipparcos “G” designations or have been resolved by speckle interferometry. For the nine binaries with previous spectroscopic orbits, we determine improved or comparable elements. For HD 28271 and HD 200790, our spectroscopic results support the conclusions of previous authors that the large values of their massmore » functions and lack of detectable secondary spectrum argue for the secondary in each case being a pair of low-mass dwarfs. The orbits given here may be useful in combination with future interferometric and Gaia satellite observations.« less

Hyperspectral Imaging at the Micro- and Nanoscale using Energy-dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) with Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) and EBSD Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salge, T.; Goran, D.

2010-12-01

SDD systems have become state of the art technology in the field of EDS. The main characteristic of the SDDs is their extremely high pulse load capacity of up to 750,000 counts per second at good energy resolution (<123 eV Mn-Kα, <46 eV C-Kα at 100,000 counts per seconds). These properties in conjunction with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique and modern data processing allows not only high speed mapping but also hyperspectral analysis. Here, a database is created that contains an EDS spectrum and/or EBSD pattern for each pixel of the SEM image setting the stage for innovative analysis options: The Maximum Pixel Spectrum function [1] synthesizes a spectrum out of the EDS database, consisting of the highest count level found in each spectrum channel. Here, (trace) elements which occur in only one pixel can be detected qualitatively. Areas of similar EDS composition can be made visible with Autophase, a spectroscopic phase detection system. In cases where the crystallographic phase assessment by EBSD is problematic due to pattern similarity, the EDS signal can be used as additional information for phase separation. This paper presents geoscience applications with the QUANTAX system with EDS SDD and EBSD detector using the options described above: (1) Drill core analysis of a Chicxulub impact ejecta sequence from the K/Pg boundary at ODP leg 207 [2] using fast, high resolution element maps. (2) Detection of monazite in granite by the Maximum Pixel Spectrum function. (3) Distribution of elements with overlapping peaks by deconvolution at the example of rare earth elements in zoned monazite. (4) Spectroscopic phase analysis of a sulfate-carbonate-dominated impact matrix at borehole UNAM-7 from the Chicxulub impact crater [3]. (5) EBSD studies with examples of iron meteorites and impact-induced, recrystallized carbonate melts [4]. In addition, continuing technological advances require the elemental analysis of increasingly smaller structures in many fields, including geosciences. It will be demonstrated that using low accelerating voltages, the element distribution of structures at the nanoscale in bulk samples can be displayed in a short time due to optimized signal processing and solid angle. Peaks composed of contributions from several overlapping elements e.g. N-K (392 eV) and Ti-Ll (395 eV) can be deconvolved [6] using an improved atomic database with 250 additional L, M and N lines below 4 keV. Improved light element quantification allows the standardless quantification of features at the nanoscale such as rutile grains 200-500 nm in size. References: [1] Bright D S. & Newbury D. E. (2004) Journal of Microscopy 216:186-193. [2] Schulte P. et al. (2010) Science 327: 1214-1218. [3] Salge T. (2007) PhD thesis: 130p. http://edoc.huberlin.de/docviews/abstract.php?lang=ger&id=27753. [4] Deutsch A. et al. MAPS 45: A45. [6] Tunckan O. (2010) Joining ceramics using capacitor discharge technique and determination of metal ceramic interface reactions, PhD thesis, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey. Acknowledgements: We thank P. Schulte, A. Deutsch, ODP, L. Hecht, A. Kearsley, J. Urrutria-Fucugauchi, O. Tunckan and S. Turan for generously providing the samples.

3.0-3.7μm infrared sensor system for cell analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van den Driesche, Sander; Witarski, Wojciech; Vellekoop, Michael J.

2009-05-01

In this contribution we present a novel LED-photodiode based infrared absorbance sensor in the wavelength range of 3.0 - 3.7 μm for cell analysis. Instead of using time consuming and expensive labelling and staining techniques to distinguish healthy from malignant cell types, this IR sensor system can perform faster, cheaper and without the need of additional chemicals. Depending on the used narrow bandpass filters, absorbance due to specific molecular vibration can be measured, such as the functional absorbance peaks at 3.38 μm (CH3-antisymmetric stretch), 3.42 μm (CH2- antisymmetric stretch), 3.48 μm (CH3-symmetric stretch) and 3.51 μm (CH2-symmetric stretch). For normalization and baseline correction the absorbance at wavelengths 3.33 and 3.57 μm are used. By recording the IR absorbance spectra of healthy and malignant epithelial kidney cell lines with an IR spectroscope, we found significant differences in the absorbance ratio 3.51 μm / 3.42 μm (CH2-symmetric/antisymmetric stretch). This result has led us to a sensor concept where only four wavelengths are being measured. In the 3.0 - 3.7 μm wavelength region a low cost LED-photodiode system can be used instead of a spectroscope. Yeast cells, which also contain the CH2 symmetric and antisymmetric stretch bands, are used to validate this sensor system and to make a first comparison of the system to spectroscopic recordings. Sensor experiments on dried spots of baker's yeast on calcium-fluoride slides yielded a comparable CH2 stretch ratio with the IR spectroscope measurement. This confirms the usability of the sensor to measure the CH2 stretch ratio and its potential for fast, label-free and low cost screening of cell samples.

Berkeley Supernova Ia Program - I. Observations, data reduction and spectroscopic sample of 582 low-redshift Type Ia supernovae

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silverman, Jeffrey M.; Foley, Ryan J.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Ganeshalingam, Mohan; Barth, Aaron J.; Chornock, Ryan; Griffith, Christopher V.; Kong, Jason J.; Lee, Nicholas; Leonard, Douglas C.; Matheson, Thomas; Miller, Emily G.; Steele, Thea N.; Barris, Brian J.; Bloom, Joshua S.; Cobb, Bethany E.; Coil, Alison L.; Desroches, Louis-Benoit; Gates, Elinor L.; Ho, Luis C.; Jha, Saurabh W.; Kandrashoff, Michael T.; Li, Weidong; Mandel, Kaisey S.; Modjaz, Maryam; Moore, Matthew R.; Mostardi, Robin E.; Papenkova, Marina S.; Park, Sung; Perley, Daniel A.; Poznanski, Dovi; Reuter, Cassie A.; Scala, James; Serduke, Franklin J. D.; Shields, Joseph C.; Swift, Brandon J.; Tonry, John L.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wang, Xiaofeng; Wong, Diane S.

2012-09-01

In this first paper in a series, we present 1298 low-redshift (z ≲ 0.2) optical spectra of 582 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed from 1989 to 2008 as part of the Berkeley Supernova Ia Program (BSNIP). 584 spectra of 199 SNe Ia have well-calibrated light curves with measured distance moduli, and many of the spectra have been corrected for host-galaxy contamination. Most of the data were obtained using the Kast double spectrograph mounted on the Shane 3 m telescope at Lick Observatory and have a typical wavelength range of 3300-10 400 Å, roughly twice as wide as spectra from most previously published data sets. We present our observing and reduction procedures, and we describe the resulting SN Database, which will be an online, public, searchable data base containing all of our fully reduced spectra and companion photometry. In addition, we discuss our spectral classification scheme (using the SuperNova IDentification code, SNID; Blondin & Tonry), utilizing our newly constructed set of SNID spectral templates. These templates allow us to accurately classify our entire data set, and by doing so we are able to reclassify a handful of objects as bona fide SNe Ia and a few other objects as members of some of the peculiar SN Ia subtypes. In fact, our data set includes spectra of nearly 90 spectroscopically peculiar SNe Ia. We also present spectroscopic host-galaxy redshifts of some SNe Ia where these values were previously unknown. The sheer size of the BSNIP data set and the consistency of our observation and reduction methods make this sample unique among all other published SN Ia data sets and complementary in many ways to the large, low-redshift SN Ia spectra presented by Matheson et al. and Blondin et al. In other BSNIP papers in this series, we use these data to examine the relationships between spectroscopic characteristics and various observables such as photometric and host-galaxy properties.

ISO Key Project: Exploring the Full Range of Quasar/Agn Properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilkes, Belinda; Oliversen, Ronald J. (Technical Monitor)

2003-01-01

While most of the work on this program has been completed, as previously reported, the portion of the program dealing with the subtopic of ISO LWS data analysis and reduction for the LWS Extragalactic Science Team and its leader, Dr. Howard Smith, is still active. This program in fact continues to generate results, and newly available computer modeling has extended the value of the datasets. As a result the team requests a one-year no-cost extension to this program, through 31 December 2004. The essence of the proposal is to perform ISO spectroscopic studies, including data analysis and modeling, of star-formation regions using an ensemble of archival space-based data from the Infrared Space Observatory's Long Wavelength Spectrometer and Short Wavelength Spectrometer, but including as well some other spectroscopic databases. Four kinds of regions are considered in the studies: (1) disks around more evolved objects; (2) young, low or high mass pre-main sequence stars in star-formation regions; (3) star formation in external, bright IR galaxies; and (4) the galactic center. One prime focus of the program is the OH lines in the far infrared. The program has the following goals: 1) Refine the data analysis of ISO observations to obtain deeper and better SNR results on selected sources. The ISO data itself underwent 'pipeline 10' reductions in early 2001, and additional 'hands-on data reduction packages' were supplied by the ISO teams in 2001. The Fabry-Perot database is particularly sensitive to noise and slight calibration errors; 2) Model the atomic and molecular line shapes, in particular the OH lines, using revised Monte-Carlo techniques developed by the SWAS team at the Center for Astrophysics; 3) Attend scientific meetings and workshops; 4) Perform E&PO activities related to infrared astrophysics and/or spectroscopy.

Working with HITRAN Database Using Hapi: HITRAN Application Programming Interface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian; Wcislo, Piotr; Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Wilzewski, Jonas

2015-06-01

A HITRAN Application Programing Interface (HAPI) has been developed to allow users on their local machines much more flexibility and power. HAPI is a programming interface for the main data-searching capabilities of the new "HITRANonline" web service (http://www.hitran.org). It provides the possibility to query spectroscopic data from the HITRAN database in a flexible manner using either functions or query language. Some of the prominent current features of HAPI are: a) Downloading line-by-line data from the HITRANonline site to a local machine b) Filtering and processing the data in SQL-like fashion c) Conventional Python structures (lists, tuples, and dictionaries) for representing spectroscopic data d) Possibility to use a large set of third-party Python libraries to work with the data e) Python implementation of the HT lineshape which can be reduced to a number of conventional line profiles f) Python implementation of total internal partition sums (TIPS-2011) for spectra simulations g) High-resolution spectra calculation accounting for pressure, temperature and optical path length h) Providing instrumental functions to simulate experimental spectra i) Possibility to extend HAPI's functionality by custom line profiles, partitions sums and instrumental functions Currently the API is a module written in Python and uses Numpy library providing fast array operations. The API is designed to deal with data in multiple formats such as ASCII, CSV, HDF5 and XSAMS. This work has been supported by NASA Aura Science Team Grant NNX14AI55G and NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant NNX13AI59G. L.S. Rothman et al. JQSRT, Volume 130, 2013, Pages 4-50 N.H. Ngo et al. JQSRT, Volume 129, November 2013, Pages 89-100 A. L. Laraia at al. Icarus, Volume 215, Issue 1, September 2011, Pages 391-400

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Spectroscopy of main-belt Ch/Cgh-type asteroids (Vernazza+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vernazza, P.; Marsset, M.; Beck, P.; Binzel, R. P.; Birlan, M.; Cloutis, E. A.; DeMeo, F. E.; Dumas, C.; Hiroi, T.

2016-09-01

We conducted an extensive spectroscopic survey in the near-infrared range of 70 main-belt Ch/Cgh-type asteroids and 4 Ch/Cgh-type families and combined these measurements with available visible wavelength spectra. New data presented here are near-infrared asteroid spectral measurements for Ch- and Cgh-type asteroids from 0.7-2.5μm obtained using SpeX, the low- to medium-resolution near-IR spectrograph and imager on the 3m NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF) located on Mauna Kea, HI. Observing runs were conducted remotely primarily from the Observatory of Paris-Meudon, France between 2010 April and 2012 January. The spectrograph SpeX, combined with a 0.8*15arcsec slit, was used in the low-resolution prism mode for acquisition of the spectra in the 0.7-2.5μm wavelength range. In order to monitor the high luminosity and variability of the sky in the near-IR, the telescope was moved along the slit during the acquisition of the data so as to obtain a sequence of spectra located at two different positions (A and B) on the array. In addition, we complemented our data set with additional near-infrared spectra retrieved from the Small Main-Belt Asteroid Spectroscopic Survey (SMASS) database (http://smass.mit.edu/). Combining these near-infrared measurements with available visible wavelength spectra (Bus, 1999PhDT........50B; Lazzaro et al., 2004Icar..172..179L) allows for the first time an extensive visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectral database of main-belt Ch and Cgh types with D>45km (78% or 49/63 of all Ch and Cgh types listed in SMASS; see Table1). (1 data file).

Far-infrared Line Spectra of Active Galaxies from the Herschel/PACS Spectrometer: The Complete Database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernández-Ontiveros, Juan Antonio; Spinoglio, Luigi; Pereira-Santaella, Miguel; Malkan, Matthew A.; Andreani, Paola; Dasyra, Kalliopi M.

2016-10-01

We present a coherent database of spectroscopic observations of far-IR fine-structure lines from the Herschel/Photoconductor Array Camera and Spectrometer archive for a sample of 170 local active galactic nuclei (AGNs), plus a comparison sample of 20 starburst galaxies and 43 dwarf galaxies. Published Spitzer/IRS and Herschel/SPIRE line fluxes are included to extend our database to the full 10-600 μm spectral range. The observations are compared to a set of Cloudy photoionization models to estimate the above physical quantities through different diagnostic diagrams. We confirm the presence of a stratification of gas density in the emission regions of the galaxies, which increases with the ionization potential of the emission lines. The new [O IV]{}25.9μ {{m}}/[O III]{}88μ {{m}} versus [Ne III]{}15.6μ {{m}}/[Ne II]{}12.8μ {{m}} diagram is proposed as the best diagnostic to separate (1) AGN activity from any kind of star formation and (2) low-metallicity dwarf galaxies from starburst galaxies. Current stellar atmosphere models fail to reproduce the observed [O IV]{}25.9μ {{m}}/[O III]{}88μ {{m}} ratios, which are much higher when compared to the predicted values. Finally, the ([Ne III]{}15.6μ {{m}} + [Ne II]{}12.8μ {{m}})/([S IV]{}10.5μ {{m}} +[S III]{}18.7μ {{m}}) ratio is proposed as a promising metallicity tracer to be used in obscured objects, where optical lines fail to accurately measure the metallicity. The diagnostic power of mid- to far-infrared spectroscopy shown here for local galaxies will be of crucial importance to study galaxy evolution during the dust-obscured phase at the peak of the star formation and black hole accretion activity (1\\lt z\\lt 4). This study will be addressed by future deep spectroscopic surveys with present and forthcoming facilities such as the James Webb Space Telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, and the Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics.

Nova Delphini 2013: Backyard Analysis of a Classical Nova

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reid, Piper

2014-01-01

On August 14, 2013, Nova Delphini was discovered by Koichi Itagaki. This nova erupted to a maximum brightness of magnitude 4.4 by August 16, 2013. The extraordinary brightness of this event has allowed many amateur astronomers to have the chance to study it. More than 750 amateur astronomers have contributed to the AAVSO photometry database of Nova Delphini.1 The amount and quality of spectroscopic data gathered is unprecedented as well, as over 700 individual spectra have been collected so far in the ARAS database.2 A nova is a class of variable star that undergoes a cataclysmic eruption, which can be observed through a sudden increase in brightness that declines over a series of months or years. At the center of a nova is an accreting white dwarf star which is collecting hydrogen from its surroundings. The accreting mass causes a nuclear reaction on the surface of the white dwarf and as the pressure increases the reaction becomes super-critical and a thermonuclear runaway is ignited causing the brightness increase as well as triggering the ejection of a shell of material form the star. The stages of a classical nova outburst are outlined along with techniques available to amateur astronomers for study of these phenomena. The author’s equipment and software setup are detailed. Results obtained using a low resolution grating, Schmidt-cassegrain telescope and CCD camera that were acquired while Nova Delphini was in the “fireball stage” 3 and subsequent “iron curtain phase”3 are compared and discussed. Results obtained using a high resolution spectroscope, Schmidt-cassegrain telescope and CCD camera that were acquired during the “lifting of the iron curtain phase”3 are also presented. References 1. Turner, Rebecca. “AAVSO - Nova Del 2013” 20 Aug 2013 Web. 8 Sep 2013 2. Tessier, Francois. “ARAS Spectral Database - Nova-Del-2013” 22 Sep 2013 Web. 22 Sep 2013 3. Shore, Steven N. “Spectroscopy of Novae - A User’s Manual” arXiv:1211.3176 [astro-ph.SR] 14 Nov 2012

Spectroscopic imaging of limiter heat and particle fluxes and the resulting impurity sources during Wendelstein 7-X startup plasmas.

PubMed

Stephey, L; Wurden, G A; Schmitz, O; Frerichs, H; Effenberg, F; Biedermann, C; Harris, J; König, R; Kornejew, P; Krychowiak, M; Unterberg, E A

2016-11-01

A combined IR and visible camera system [G. A. Wurden et al., "A high resolution IR/visible imaging system for the W7-X limiter," Rev. Sci. Instrum. (these proceedings)] and a filterscope system [R. J. Colchin et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 2068 (2003)] were implemented together to obtain spectroscopic data of limiter and first wall recycling and impurity sources during Wendelstein 7-X startup plasmas. Both systems together provided excellent temporal and spatial spectroscopic resolution of limiter 3. Narrowband interference filters in front of the camera yielded C-III and H α photon flux, and the filterscope system provided H α , H β , He-I, He-II, C-II, and visible bremsstrahlung data. The filterscopes made additional measurements of several points on the W7-X vacuum vessel to yield wall recycling fluxes. The resulting photon flux from both the visible camera and filterscopes can then be compared to an EMC3-EIRENE synthetic diagnostic [H. Frerichs et al., "Synthetic plasma edge diagnostics for EMC3-EIRENE, highlighted for Wendelstein 7-X," Rev. Sci. Instrum. (these proceedings)] to infer both a limiter particle flux and wall particle flux, both of which will ultimately be used to infer the complete particle balance and particle confinement time τ P .

Spectroscopic techniques to study the immune response in human saliva

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nepomnyashchaya, E.; Savchenko, E.; Velichko, E.; Bogomaz, T.; Aksenov, E.

2018-01-01

Studies of the immune response dynamics by means of spectroscopic techniques, i.e., laser correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, are described. The laser correlation spectroscopy is aimed at measuring sizes of particles in biological fluids. The fluorescence spectroscopy allows studying of the conformational and other structural changings in immune complex. We have developed a new scheme of a laser correlation spectrometer and an original signal processing algorithm. We have suggested a new fluorescence detection scheme based on a prism and an integrating pin diode. The developed system based on the spectroscopic techniques allows studies of complex process in human saliva and opens some prospects for an individual treatment of immune diseases.

Alpha-like resonances in nuclei

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baran, V. V.; Delion, D. S.

2018-03-01

We investigate normal dipole oscillations in a system of protons, neutrons and α-particles within the Brink approach. We introduce an effective mass of α-clusters in terms of the spectroscopic factor. The Pauli exclusion principle is taken into account by using the Wildermuth rule. The ratio between alpha and giant resonance energy weighted sum rule (EWSR) is investigated for N = Z and N> Z systems. In both cases we notice an unexpected decrease of this ratio versus the increase of the spectroscopic factor. Due to this fact the possibility to experimentally detect α-like oscillations is enhanced in nuclei above 100Sn. The occurrence of the pygmy mode in N> Z systems decreases the EWSR for the α-like oscillations.

Construction and performance of a dilution-refrigerator based spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscope.

PubMed

Singh, U R; Enayat, M; White, S C; Wahl, P

2013-01-01

We report on the set-up and performance of a dilution-refrigerator based spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscope. It operates at temperatures below 10 mK and in magnetic fields up to 14T. The system allows for sample transfer and in situ cleavage. We present first-results demonstrating atomic resolution and the multi-gap structure of the superconducting gap of NbSe(2) at base temperature. To determine the energy resolution of our system we have measured a normal metal/vacuum/superconductor tunneling junction consisting of an aluminum tip on a gold sample. Our system allows for continuous measurements at base temperature on time scales of up to ≈170 h.

Fiber optic spectroscopic digital imaging sensor and method for flame properties monitoring

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zelepouga, Serguei A; Rue, David M; Saveliev, Alexei V

2011-03-15

A system for real-time monitoring of flame properties in combustors and gasifiers which includes an imaging fiber optic bundle having a light receiving end and a light output end and a spectroscopic imaging system operably connected with the light output end of the imaging fiber optic bundle. Focusing of the light received by the light receiving end of the imaging fiber optic bundle by a wall disposed between the light receiving end of the fiber optic bundle and a light source, which wall forms a pinhole opening aligned with the light receiving end.

BAO Plate Archive Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mickaelian, A. M.; Gigoyan, K. S.; Gyulzadyan, M. V.; Paronyan, G. M.; Abrahamyan, H. V.; Andreasyan, H. R.; Azatyan, N. M.; Kostandyan, G. R.; Samsonyan, A. L.; Mikayelyan, G. A.; Farmanyan, S. V.; Harutyunyan, V. L.

2017-12-01

We present the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) Plate Archive Project that is aimed at digitization, extraction and analysis of archival data and building an electronic database and interactive sky map. BAO Plate Archive consists of 37,500 photographic plates and films, obtained with 2.6m telescope, 1m and 0.5m Schmidt telescopes and other smaller ones during 1947-1991. The famous Markarian Survey (or the First Byurakan Survey, FBS) 2000 plates were digitized in 2002-2005 and the Digitized FBS (DFBS, www.aras.am/Dfbs/dfbs.html) was created. New science projects have been conducted based on this low-dispersion spectroscopic material. Several other smaller digitization projects have been carried out as well, such as part of Second Byurakan Survey (SBS) plates, photographic chain plates in Coma, where the blazar ON 231 is located and 2.6m film spectra of FBS Blue Stellar Objects. However, most of the plates and films are not digitized. In 2015, we have started a project on the whole BAO Plate Archive digitization, creation of electronic database and its scientific usage. Armenian Virtual Observatory (ArVO, www.aras.am/Arvo/arvo.htm) database will accommodate all new data. The project runs in collaboration with the Armenian Institute of Informatics and Automation Problems (IIAP) and will continues during 4 years in 2015-2018. The final result will be an Electronic Database and online Interactive Sky map to be used for further research projects. ArVO will provide all standards and tools for efficient usage of the scientific output and its integration in international databases.

H2, He, and CO2 line-broadening coefficients, pressure shifts and temperature-dependence exponents for the HITRAN database. Part 1: SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Gordon, Iouli E.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian; Rothman, Laurence S.

2016-01-01

To increase the potential for use of the HITRAN database in astronomy, experimental and theoretical line-broadening coefficients, line shifts and temperature-dependence exponents of molecules of planetary interest broadened by H2, He, and CO2 have been assembled from available peer-reviewed sources. The collected data were used to create semi-empirical models so that every HITRAN line of the studied molecules has corresponding parameters. Since H2 and He are major constituents in the atmospheres of gas giants, and CO2 predominates in atmospheres of some rocky planets with volcanic activity, these spectroscopic data are important for remote sensing studies of planetary atmospheres. In this paper we make the first step in assembling complete sets of these parameters, thereby creating datasets for SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2.

Super-Diffraction Limited Measurements through the Turbulent Atmosphere by Speckle Interferometry

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-02-22

independently confirmed by a submotion in the residuals to spectroscopically obtained radial velocities of the system. / (3) Atmospheric Turbulence Studies ...spectroscopically obtained radial velocities 1. (3) Atmospheric Turbulence Studies - The very extensive data accumu- lated under this project at the two... studies . I B. RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1. Observing Opportunities Observing time on the 1.8-meter telescope was provided by the Lowell Observatory3 on a

Optical Spectroscopic Analysis for the Discrimination of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil.

PubMed

McReynolds, Naomi; Auñón Garcia, Juan M; Guengerich, Zoe; Smith, Terry K; Dholakia, Kishan

2016-11-01

We demonstrate the ability to discriminate between five brands of commercially available extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) using Raman spectroscopy or fluorescence spectroscopy. Data was taken on both a 'bulk optics' free space system and on a compact handheld device, each capable of taking both Raman and fluorescence data. With the compact Raman device we achieved an average sensitivity and specificity of 98.4% and 99.6% for discrimination, respectively. Our approach illustrates that both Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy can be used for portable discrimination of EVOOs. This technique may enable detection of EVOO that has undergone counterfeiting or adulteration. The main challenge with this technique is that oxidation of EVOO causes a shift in the Raman signal over time. It would therefore be necessary to retrain the database regularly. We demonstrate preliminary data to address this issue, which may enable successful discrimination over time. We show that by discarding the first principal component, which contains information on the variations due to oxidation, we can improve discrimination efficiency. © The Author(s) 2016.

Spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis of a thin film composite membrane consisting of polysulfone on a porous α-alumina support.

PubMed

Ogieglo, Wojciech; Wormeester, Herbert; Wessling, Matthias; Benes, Nieck E

2012-02-01

Exposure of a thin polymer film to a fluid can affect properties of the film such as the density and thickness. In particular in membrane technology, these changes can have important implications for membrane performance. Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a convenient technique for in situ studies of thin films, because of its noninvasive character and very high precision. The applicability of spectroscopic ellipsometry is usually limited to samples with well-defined interfacial regions, whereas in typical composite membranes, often substantial and irregular intrusion of the thin film into the pores of a support exists. In this work, we provide a detailed characterization of a polished porous alumina membrane support, using variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry in combination with atomic force microscopy and mercury porosimetry. Two Spectroscopic ellipsometry optical models are presented that can adequately describe the surface roughness of the support. These models consider the surface roughness as a distinct layer in which the porosity gradually increases toward the outer ambient interface. The first model considers the porosity profile to be linear; the second model assumes an exponential profile. It is shown that the models can be extended to account for a composite membrane geometry, by deposition of a thin polysulfone film onto the support. The developed method facilitates practicability for in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of nonequilibrium systems, i.e., membranes under actual permeation conditions.

Are your Spectroscopic Data being used?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Wilzewski, Jonas S.

2014-06-01

Spectroscopy is an established and indispensable tool in science, industry, agriculture, medicine, surveillance, etc.. The potential user of spectral data which is not available in HITRAN1 or other databases, searches the spectroscopy publications. After finding the desired publication, the user very often encounters the following problems: 1) They cannot find the data described in the paper. There can be many reasons for this: nothing is provided in the paper itself or supplementary material; the authors are not responding to any requests; the web links provided in the paper have long been broken, etc.. 2) The data is presented in a reduced form, for instance through the fitted spectroscopic constants. While this is a long-standing practice among spectroscopists, there are numerous serious problems with this practice, such as users getting different energy and intensity values because of different representations of the solution to the Hamiltonian, or even just despairing of trying to generate usable line lists from the published constants. Properly providing the data benefits not only users but also the authors of the spectroscopic research. We will show that this increases citations to the spectroscopy papers and visibility of the research groups. We will also address the quite common issue when researchers obtain the data, but do not feel that they have time, interest or resources to write an article describing it. There are modern tools that allow one to make these data available to potential users and still get credit for it. However, this is a worst case scenario recommendation, i.e., publishing the data in a peer-reviewed journal is still the preferred way.

Spectroscopic Diagnostics of the Non-Maxwellian κ-distributions Using SDO/EVE Observations of the 2012 March 7 X-class Flare

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dzifčáková, Elena; Zemanová, Alena; Dudík, Jaroslav; Mackovjak, Šimon

2018-02-01

Spectroscopic observations made by the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) during the 2012 March 7 X5.4-class flare (SOL2012-03-07T00:07) are analyzed for signatures of the non-Maxwellian κ-distributions. Observed spectra were averaged over 1 minute to increase photon statistics in weaker lines and the pre-flare spectrum was subtracted. Synthetic line intensities for the κ-distributions are calculated using the KAPPA database. We find strong departures (κ ≲ 2) during the early and impulsive phases of the flare, with subsequent thermalization of the flare plasma during the gradual phase. If the temperatures are diagnosed from a single line ratio, the results are strongly dependent on the value of κ. For κ = 2, we find temperatures about a factor of two higher than the commonly used Maxwellian ones. The non-Maxwellian effects could also cause the temperatures diagnosed from line ratios and from the ratio of GOES X-ray channels to be different. Multithermal analysis reveals the plasma to be strongly multithermal at all times with flat DEMs. For lower κ, the {{DEM}}κ are shifted toward higher temperatures. The only parameter that is nearly independent of κ is electron density, where we find log({n}{{e}} [{{cm}}-3]) ≈ 11.5 almost independently of time. We conclude that the non-Maxwellian effects are important and should be taken into account when analyzing solar flare observations, including spectroscopic and imaging ones.

Recovering the systemic redshift of galaxies from their Lyman alpha line profile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verhamme, A.; Garel, T.; Ventou, E.; Contini, T.; Bouché, N.; Herenz, EC; Richard, J.; Bacon, R.; Schmidt, KB; Maseda, M.; Marino, RA; Brinchmann, J.; Cantalupo, S.; Caruana, J.; Clément, B.; Diener, C.; Drake, AB; Hashimoto, T.; Inami, H.; Kerutt, J.; Kollatschny, W.; Leclercq, F.; Patrício, V.; Schaye, J.; Wisotzki, L.; Zabl, J.

2018-07-01

The Lyman alpha (Ly α) line of Hydrogen is a prominent feature in the spectra of star-forming galaxies, usually redshifted by a few hundreds of km s-1 compared to the systemic redshift. This large offset hampers follow-up surveys, galaxy pair statistics, and correlations with quasar absorption lines when only Ly α is available. We propose diagnostics that can be used to recover the systemic redshift directly from the properties of the Ly α line profile. We use spectroscopic observations of Ly α emitters for which a precise measurement of the systemic redshift is available. Our sample contains 13 sources detected between z ≈ 3 and z ≈ 6 as part of various multi-unit spectroscopic explorer guaranteed time observations. We also include a compilation of spectroscopic Ly α data from the literature spanning a wide redshift range (z ≈ 0-8). First, restricting our analysis to double-peaked Ly α spectra, we find a tight correlation between the velocity offset of the red peak with respect to the systemic redshift, V_peak^red, and the separation of the peaks. Secondly, we find a correlation between V_peak^red and the full width at half-maximum of the Ly α line. Fitting formulas to estimate systemic redshifts of galaxies with an accuracy of ≤100 km s-1, when only the Ly α emission line is available, are given for the two methods.

A Spectroscopically Confirmed Double Source Plane Lens System in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanaka, Masayuki; Wong, Kenneth C.; More, Anupreeta; Dezuka, Arsha; Egami, Eiichi; Oguri, Masamune; Suyu, Sherry H.; Sonnenfeld, Alessandro; Higuchi, Ryo; Komiyama, Yutaka; Miyazaki, Satoshi; Onoue, Masafusa; Oyamada, Shuri; Utsumi, Yousuke

2016-08-01

We report the serendipitous discovery of HSC J142449-005322, a double source plane lens system in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. We dub the system Eye of Horus. The lens galaxy is a very massive early-type galaxy with stellar mass of ˜ 7× {10}11 {M}⊙ located at {z}{{L}}=0.795. The system exhibits two arcs/rings with clearly different colors, including several knots. We have performed spectroscopic follow-up observations of the system with FIRE on Magellan. The outer ring is confirmed at {z}{{S}2}=1.988 with multiple emission lines, while the inner arc and counterimage is confirmed at {z}{{S}1}=1.302. This makes it the first double source plane system with spectroscopic redshifts of both sources. Interestingly, redshifts of two of the knots embedded in the outer ring are found to be offset by {{Δ }}z=0.002 from the other knots, suggesting that the outer ring consists of at least two distinct components in the source plane. We perform lens modeling with two independent codes and successfully reproduce the main features of the system. However, two of the lensed sources separated by ˜0.7 arcsec cannot be reproduced by a smooth potential, and the addition of substructure to the lens potential is required to reproduce them. Higher-resolution imaging of the system will help decipher the origin of this lensing feature and potentially detect the substructure.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Genest-Beaulieu, C.; Bergeron, P., E-mail: genest@astro.umontreal.ca, E-mail: bergeron@astro.umontreal.ca

We present a comparative analysis of atmospheric parameters obtained with the so-called photometric and spectroscopic techniques. Photometric and spectroscopic data for 1360 DA white dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) are used, as well as spectroscopic data from the Villanova White Dwarf Catalog. We first test the calibration of the ugriz photometric system by using model atmosphere fits to observed data. Our photometric analysis indicates that the ugriz photometry appears well calibrated when the SDSS to AB{sub 95} zeropoint corrections are applied. The spectroscopic analysis of the same data set reveals that the so-called high-log g problem canmore » be solved by applying published correction functions that take into account three-dimensional hydrodynamical effects. However, a comparison between the SDSS and the White Dwarf Catalog spectra also suggests that the SDSS spectra still suffer from a small calibration problem. We then compare the atmospheric parameters obtained from both fitting techniques and show that the photometric temperatures are systematically lower than those obtained from spectroscopic data. This systematic offset may be linked to the hydrogen line profiles used in the model atmospheres. We finally present the results of an analysis aimed at measuring surface gravities using photometric data only.« less

Spectroscopic study of the benchmark Mn+-H2 complex.

PubMed

Dryza, Viktoras; Poad, Berwyck L J; Bieske, Evan J

2009-05-28

We have recorded the rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the weakly bound Mn+-H2 complex in the H-H stretch region (4022-4078 cm(-1)) by monitoring Mn+ photodissociation products. The band center of Mn+-H2, the H-H stretch transition, is shifted by -111.8 cm(-1) from the transition of the free H2 molecule. The spectroscopic data suggest that the Mn+-H2 complex consists of a slightly perturbed H2 molecule attached to the Mn+ ion in a T-shaped configuration with a vibrationally averaged intermolecular separation of 2.73 A. Together with the measured Mn+...H2 binding energy of 7.9 kJ/mol (Weis, P.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 2809.), the spectroscopic parameters establish Mn+-H2 as the most thoroughly characterized transition-metal cation-dihydrogen complex and a benchmark for calibrating quantum chemical calculations on noncovalent systems involving open d-shell configurations. Such systems are of possible importance for hydrogen storage applications.

Spectroscopic Instrumentation in Undergraduate Astronomy Laboratories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ludovici, Dominic; Mutel, Robert Lucien; Lang, Cornelia C.

2017-01-01

We have designed and built two spectrographs for use in undergraduate astronomy laboratories at the University of Iowa. The first, a low cost (appx. $500) low resolution (R ~ 150 - 300) grating-prism (grism) spectrometer consists of five optical elements and is easily modified to other telescope optics. The grism spectrometer is designed to be used in a modified filter wheel. This type of spectrometer allows students to undertake projects requiring sensitive spectral measurements, such as determining the redshifts of quasars. The second instrument is a high resolution (R ~ 8000), moderate cost (appx. $5000) fiber fed echelle spectrometer. The echelle spectrometer will allow students to conduct Doppler measurements such as those used to study spectroscopic binaries. Both systems are designed to be used with robotic telescope systems. The availability of 3D printing enables both of these spectrographs to be constructed in hands-on instrumentation courses where students build and commission their own instruments. Additionally, these instruments enable introductory majors and non-majors laboratory students to gain experience conducting their own spectroscopic observations.

Quantum optical emulation of molecular vibronic spectroscopy using a trapped-ion device.

PubMed

Shen, Yangchao; Lu, Yao; Zhang, Kuan; Zhang, Junhua; Zhang, Shuaining; Huh, Joonsuk; Kim, Kihwan

2018-01-28

Molecules are one of the most demanding quantum systems to be simulated by quantum computers due to their complexity and the emergent role of quantum nature. The recent theoretical proposal of Huh et al. (Nature Photon., 9, 615 (2015)) showed that a multi-photon network with a Gaussian input state can simulate a molecular spectroscopic process. Here, we present the first quantum device that generates a molecular spectroscopic signal with the phonons in a trapped ion system, using SO 2 as an example. In order to perform reliable Gaussian sampling, we develop the essential experimental technology with phonons, which includes the phase-coherent manipulation of displacement, squeezing, and rotation operations with multiple modes in a single realization. The required quantum optical operations are implemented through Raman laser beams. The molecular spectroscopic signal is reconstructed from the collective projection measurements for the two-phonon-mode. Our experimental demonstration will pave the way to large-scale molecular quantum simulations, which are classically intractable, but would be easily verifiable by real molecular spectroscopy.

Spectroscopic monitoring of bright A-F type candidate hybrid stars discovered by the Kepler mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lampens, Patricia; Frémat, Y.; Vermeylen, Lore; De Cat, Peter; Dumortier, Louis; Sódor, Ádám; Sharka, Marek; Bognár, Zsófia

2018-04-01

We report on a study of 250 optical spectra for 50 bright A/F-type candidate hybrid pulsating stars from the Kepler field. Most of the spectra have been collected with the high-resolution spectrograph HERMES attached to the Mercator telescope, La Palma. We determined the radial velocities (RVs), projected rotational velocities, fundamental atmospheric parameters and provide a classification based on the appearance of the cross-correlation profiles and the behaviour of the RVs with time in order to find true hybrid pulsators. Additionally, we also detected new spectroscopic binary and multiple systems in our sample and determined the fraction of spectroscopic systems. In order to be able to extend this investigation to the fainter A-F type candidate hybrid stars, various high-quality spectra collected with 3-4 m sized telescopes suitably equipped with a high-resolution spectrograph and furthermore located in the Northern hemisphere would be ideal. This programme could be done using the new instruments installed at the Devasthal Observatory.

The Grism Lens-amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). IV. Mass Reconstruction of the Lensing Cluster Abell 2744 from Frontier Field Imaging and GLASS Spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, X.; Hoag, A.; Huang, K.-H.; Treu, T.; Bradač, M.; Schmidt, K. B.; Brammer, G. B.; Vulcani, B.; Jones, T. A.; Ryan, R. E., Jr.; Amorín, R.; Castellano, M.; Fontana, A.; Merlin, E.; Trenti, M.

2015-09-01

We present a strong and weak lensing reconstruction of the massive cluster Abell 2744, the first cluster for which deep Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) images and spectroscopy from the Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) are available. By performing a targeted search for emission lines in multiply imaged sources using the GLASS spectra, we obtain five high-confidence spectroscopic redshifts and two tentative ones. We confirm one strongly lensed system by detecting the same emission lines in all three multiple images. We also search for additional line emitters blindly and use the full GLASS spectroscopic catalog to test reliability of photometric redshifts for faint line emitters. We see a reasonable agreement between our photometric and spectroscopic redshift measurements, when including nebular emission in photometric redshift estimations. We introduce a stringent procedure to identify only secure multiple image sets based on colors, morphology, and spectroscopy. By combining 7 multiple image systems with secure spectroscopic redshifts (at 5 distinct redshift planes) with 18 multiple image systems with secure photometric redshifts, we reconstruct the gravitational potential of the cluster pixellated on an adaptive grid, using a total of 72 images. The resulting mass map is compared with a stellar mass map obtained from the deep Spitzer Frontier Fields data to study the relative distribution of stars and dark matter in the cluster. We find that the stellar to total mass ratio varies substantially across the cluster field, suggesting that stars do not trace exactly the total mass in this interacting system. The maps of convergence, shear, and magnification are made available in the standard HFF format.

An accessible echelle pipeline and its application to a binary star

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carmichael, Theron; Johnson, John Asher

2018-01-01

Nearly every star observed in the Galaxy has one or more companions that play an integral role in the evolution of the star. Whether it is a planet or another star, a companion opens up opportunities for unique forms of analysis to be done on a system. Some 2400 lightyears away, there is a 3-10 Myr old binary system called KH 15D, which not only includes two T Tauri K-type stars in a close orbit of 48 days, but also a truncated, coherently precessing warped disk in a circumbinary orbit.In binary systems, a double-lined spectroscopic binary may be observable in spectra. This is a spectrum that contains a mixture of each star's properties and manifests as two sets of spectral emission and absorption lines that correspond to each star. Slightly different is a single-lined spectroscopic binary, where only one set of spectral lines from one star is visible. The data of KH 15D are studied in the form of a double single-lined spectroscopic binary. This means that at two separate observing times, a single-lined spectroscopic binary is obtained from one of the stars of KH 15D. This is possible because of the circumbinary disk that blocks one star at a time from view.Here, we study this binary system with a combination of archival echelle data from the Keck Observatory and new echelle data from Las Campanas Observatory. This optical data is reduced with a new Python-based pipeline available on GitHub. The objective is to measure the mass function of the binary star and refine the current values of each star's properties.

THE GRISM LENS-AMPLIFIED SURVEY FROM SPACE (GLASS). IV. MASS RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LENSING CLUSTER ABELL 2744 FROM FRONTIER FIELD IMAGING AND GLASS SPECTROSCOPY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, X.; Schmidt, K. B.; Jones, T. A.

2015-09-20

We present a strong and weak lensing reconstruction of the massive cluster Abell 2744, the first cluster for which deep Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) images and spectroscopy from the Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) are available. By performing a targeted search for emission lines in multiply imaged sources using the GLASS spectra, we obtain five high-confidence spectroscopic redshifts and two tentative ones. We confirm one strongly lensed system by detecting the same emission lines in all three multiple images. We also search for additional line emitters blindly and use the full GLASS spectroscopic catalog to test reliability of photometricmore » redshifts for faint line emitters. We see a reasonable agreement between our photometric and spectroscopic redshift measurements, when including nebular emission in photometric redshift estimations. We introduce a stringent procedure to identify only secure multiple image sets based on colors, morphology, and spectroscopy. By combining 7 multiple image systems with secure spectroscopic redshifts (at 5 distinct redshift planes) with 18 multiple image systems with secure photometric redshifts, we reconstruct the gravitational potential of the cluster pixellated on an adaptive grid, using a total of 72 images. The resulting mass map is compared with a stellar mass map obtained from the deep Spitzer Frontier Fields data to study the relative distribution of stars and dark matter in the cluster. We find that the stellar to total mass ratio varies substantially across the cluster field, suggesting that stars do not trace exactly the total mass in this interacting system. The maps of convergence, shear, and magnification are made available in the standard HFF format.« less

PHOTOMETRIC, SPECTROSCOPIC, AND ORBITAL PERIOD STUDY OF THREE EARLY-TYPE SEMI-DETACHED SYSTEMS: XZ AQL, UX HER, AND AT PEG

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zola, S.; Baştürk, Ö.; Şenavcı, H. V.

2016-08-01

In this paper, we present a combined photometric, spectroscopic, and orbital period study of three early-type eclipsing binary systems: XZ Aql, UX Her, and AT Peg. As a result, we have derived the absolute parameters of their components and, on that basis, we discuss their evolutionary states. Furthermore, we compare their parameters with those of other binary systems and with theoretical models. An analysis of all available up-to-date times of minima indicated that all three systems studied here show cyclic orbital changes; their origin is discussed in detail. Finally, we performed a frequency analysis for possible pulsational behavior, and asmore » a result we suggest that XZ Aql hosts a δ Scuti component.« less

NIST Databases on Atomic Spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reader, J.; Wiese, W. L.; Martin, W. C.; Musgrove, A.; Fuhr, J. R.

2002-11-01

The NIST atomic and molecular spectroscopic databases now available on the World Wide Web through the NIST Physics Laboratory homepage include Atomic Spectra Database, Ground Levels and Ionization Energies for the Neutral Atoms, Spectrum of Platinum Lamp for Ultraviolet Spectrograph Calibration, Bibliographic Database on Atomic Transition Probabilities, Bibliographic Database on Atomic Spectral Line Broadening, and Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Section Database. The Atomic Spectra Database (ASD) [1] offers evaluated data on energy levels, wavelengths, and transition probabilities for atoms and atomic ions. Data are given for some 950 spectra and 70,000 energy levels. About 91,000 spectral lines are included, with transition probabilities for about half of these. Additional data resulting from our ongoing critical compilations will be included in successive new versions of ASD. We plan to include, for example, our recently published data for some 16,000 transitions covering most ions of the iron-group elements, as well as Cu, Kr, and Mo [2]. Our compilations benefit greatly from experimental and theoretical atomic-data research being carried out in the NIST Atomic Physics Division. A new compilation covering spectra of the rare gases in all stages of ionization, for example, revealed a need for improved data in the infrared. We have thus measured these needed data with our high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer [3]. An upcoming new database will give wavelengths and intensities for the stronger lines of all neutral and singly-ionized atoms, along with energy levels and transition probabilities for the persistent lines [4]. A critical compilation of the transition probabilities of Ba I and Ba II [5] has been completed and several other compilations of atomic transition probabilities are nearing completion. These include data for all spectra of Na, Mg, Al, and Si [6]. Newly compiled data for selected ions of Ne, Mg, Si and S, will form the basis for a new database intended to assist interpretation of soft x-ray astronomical spectra, such as from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. These data will be available soon on the World Wide Web [7].

The Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy, CDMS, in the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre, VAMDC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Endres, Christian P.; Schlemmer, Stephan; Schilke, Peter; Stutzki, Jürgen; Müller, Holger S. P.

2016-09-01

The Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy, CDMS, was founded 1998 to provide in its catalog section line lists of mostly molecular species which are or may be observed in various astronomical sources (usually) by radio astronomical means. The line lists contain transition frequencies with qualified accuracies, intensities, quantum numbers, as well as further auxiliary information. They have been generated from critically evaluated experimental line lists, mostly from laboratory experiments, employing established Hamiltonian models. Separate entries exist for different isotopic species and usually also for different vibrational states. As of December 2015, the number of entries is 792. They are available online as ascii tables with additional files documenting information on the entries. The Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre, VAMDC, was founded more than 5 years ago as a common platform for atomic and molecular data. This platform facilitates exchange not only between spectroscopic databases related to astrophysics or astrochemistry, but also with collisional and kinetic databases. A dedicated infrastructure was developed to provide a common data format in the various databases enabling queries to a large variety of databases on atomic and molecular data at once. For CDMS, the incorporation in VAMDC was combined with several modifications on the generation of CDMS catalog entries. Here we introduce related changes to the data structure and the data content in the CDMS. The new data scheme allows us to incorporate all previous data entries but in addition allows us also to include entries based on new theoretical descriptions. Moreover, the CDMS entries have been transferred into a mySQL database format. These developments within the VAMDC framework have in part been driven by the needs of the astronomical community to be able to deal efficiently with large data sets obtained with the Herschel Space Telescope or, more recently, with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array.

Morphological biosignatures and the search for life on Mars.

PubMed

Cady, Sherry L; Farmer, Jack D; Grotzinger, John P; Schopf, J William; Steele, Andrew

2003-01-01

This report provides a rationale for the advances in instrumentation and understanding needed to assess claims of ancient and extraterrestrial life made on the basis of morphological biosignatures. Morphological biosignatures consist of bona fide microbial fossils as well as microbially influenced sedimentary structures. To be recognized as evidence of life, microbial fossils must contain chemical and structural attributes uniquely indicative of microbial cells or cellular or extracellular processes. When combined with various research strategies, high-resolution instruments can reveal such attributes and elucidate how morphological fossils form and become altered, thereby improving the ability to recognize them in the geological record on Earth or other planets. Also, before fossilized microbially influenced sedimentary structures can provide evidence of life, criteria to distinguish their biogenic from non-biogenic attributes must be established. This topic can be advanced by developing process-based models. A database of images and spectroscopic data that distinguish the suite of bona fide morphological biosignatures from their abiotic mimics will avoid detection of false-positives for life. The use of high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic instruments, in conjunction with an improved knowledge base of the attributes that demonstrate life, will maximize our ability to recognize and assess the biogenicity of extraterrestrial and ancient terrestrial life.

Note: Small anaerobic chamber for optical spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chauvet, Adrien A. P., E-mail: adrien.chauvet@gmail.com; Chergui, Majed; Agarwal, Rachna

2015-10-15

The study of oxygen-sensitive biological samples requires an effective control of the atmosphere in which they are housed. In this aim however, no commercial anaerobic chamber is adequate to solely enclose the sample and small enough to fit in a compact spectroscopic system with which analysis can be performed. Furthermore, spectroscopic analysis requires the probe beam to pass through the whole chamber, introducing a requirement for adequate windows. In response to these challenges, we present a 1 l anaerobic chamber that is suitable for broad-band spectroscopic analysis. This chamber has the advantage of (1) providing access, via a septum, tomore » the sample and (2) allows the sample position to be adjusted while keeping the chamber fixed and hermetic during the experiment.« less

An important step forward in continuous spectroscopic imaging of ionising radiations using ASICs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fessler, P.; Coffin, J.; Eberlé, H.; de Raad Iseli, C.; Hilt, B.; Huss, D.; Krummenacher, F.; Lutz, J. R.; Prévot, G.; Renouprez, A.; Sigward, M. H.; Schwaller, B.; Voltolini, C.

1999-01-01

Characterization results are given for an original ASIC allowing continuous acquisition of ionising radiation images in spectroscopic mode. Ionising radiation imaging in general and spectroscopic imaging in particular must primarily be guided by the attempt to decrease statistical noise, which requires detection systems designed to allow very high counting rates. Any source of dead time must therefore be avoided. Thus, the use of on-line corrections of the inevitable dispersion of characteristics between the large number of electronic channels of the detection system, shall be precluded. Without claiming to achieve ultimate noise levels, the work described is focused on how to prevent good individual acquisition channel noise performance from being totally destroyed by the dispersion between channels without introducing dead times. With this goal, we developed an automatic charge amplifier output voltage offset compensation system which operates regardless of the cause of the offset (detector or electronic). The main performances of the system are the following: the input equivalent noise charge is 190 e rms (input non connected, peaking time 500 ns), the highest gain is 255 mV/fC, the peaking time is adjustable between 200 ns and 2 μs and the power consumption is 10 mW per channel. The agreement between experimental data and theoretical simulation results is excellent.

Spectroscopic imaging of limiter heat and particle fluxes and the resulting impurity sources during Wendelstein 7-X startup plasmas

DOE PAGES

Stephey, L.; Wurden, G. A.; Schmitz, O.; ...

2016-08-08

A combined IR and visible camera system [G. A. Wurden et al., “A high resolution IR/visible imaging system for the W7-X limiter,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. (these proceedings)] and a filterscope system [R. J. Colchin et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 2068 (2003)] were implemented together to obtain spectroscopic data of limiter and first wall recycling and impurity sources during Wendelstein 7-X startup plasmas. Both systems together provided excellent temporal and spatial spectroscopic resolution of limiter 3. Narrowband interference filters in front of the camera yielded C-III and Hα photon flux, and the filterscope system provided H α, H β, He-I,more » He-II, C-II, and visible bremsstrahlung data. The filterscopes made additional measurements of several points on the W7-X vacuum vessel to yield wall recycling fluxes. Finally, the resulting photon flux from both the visible camera and filterscopes can then be compared to an EMC3-EIRENE synthetic diagnostic [H. Frerichs et al., “Synthetic plasma edge diagnostics for EMC3-EIRENE, highlighted for Wendelstein 7-X,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. (these proceedings)] to infer both a limiter particle flux and wall particle flux, both of which will ultimately be used to infer the complete particle balance and particle confinement time τ P.« less

Creating Spin-One Fermions in the Presence of Artificial Spin-Orbit Fields: Emergent Spinor Physics and Spectroscopic Properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurkcuoglu, Doga Murat; de Melo, C. A. R. Sá

2018-05-01

We propose the creation and investigation of a system of spin-one fermions in the presence of artificial spin-orbit coupling, via the interaction of three hyperfine states of fermionic atoms to Raman laser fields. We explore the emergence of spinor physics in the Hamiltonian described by the interaction between light and atoms, and analyze spectroscopic properties such as dispersion relation, Fermi surfaces, spectral functions, spin-dependent momentum distributions and density of states. Connections to spin-one bosons and SU(3) systems is made, as well relations to the Lifshitz transition and Pomeranchuk instability are presented.

United States Army Medical Materiel Development Activity: 1997 Annual Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-01-01

business planning and execution information management system (Project Management Division Database ( PMDD ) and Product Management Database System (PMDS...MANAGEMENT • Project Management Division Database ( PMDD ), Product Management Database System (PMDS), and Special Users Database System:The existing...System (FMS), were investigated. New Product Managers and Project Managers were added into PMDS and PMDD . A separate division, Support, was

A Spectroscopic Survey and Analysis of Bright, Hydrogen-rich White Dwarfs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gianninas, A.; Bergeron, P.; Ruiz, M. T.

2011-12-01

We have conducted a spectroscopic survey of over 1300 bright (V <= 17.5), hydrogen-rich white dwarfs based largely on the last published version of the McCook & Sion catalog. The complete results from our survey, including the spectroscopic analysis of over 1100 DA white dwarfs, are presented. High signal-to-noise ratio optical spectra were obtained for each star and were subsequently analyzed using our standard spectroscopic technique where the observed Balmer line profiles are compared to synthetic spectra computed from the latest generation of model atmospheres appropriate for these stars. First, we present the spectroscopic content of our sample, which includes many misclassifications as well as several DAB, DAZ, and magnetic white dwarfs. Next, we look at how the new Stark broadening profiles affect the determination of the atmospheric parameters. When necessary, specific models and analysis techniques are used to derive the most accurate atmospheric parameters possible. In particular, we employ M dwarf templates to obtain better estimates of the atmospheric parameters for those white dwarfs that are in DA+dM binary systems. Certain unique white dwarfs and double-degenerate binary systems are also analyzed in greater detail. We then examine the global properties of our sample including the mass distribution and their distribution as a function of temperature. We then proceed to test the accuracy and robustness of our method by comparing our results to those of other surveys such as SPY and Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Finally, we revisit the ZZ Ceti instability strip and examine how the determination of its empirical boundaries is affected by the latest line profile calculations. Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla or Paranal Observatories under program ID 078.D-0824(A).

Surface complexation modeling of zinc sorption onto ferrihydrite.

PubMed

Dyer, James A; Trivedi, Paras; Scrivner, Noel C; Sparks, Donald L

2004-02-01

A previous study involving lead(II) [Pb(II)] sorption onto ferrihydrite over a wide range of conditions highlighted the advantages of combining molecular- and macroscopic-scale investigations with surface complexation modeling to predict Pb(II) speciation and partitioning in aqueous systems. In this work, an extensive collection of new macroscopic and spectroscopic data was used to assess the ability of the modified triple-layer model (TLM) to predict single-solute zinc(II) [Zn(II)] sorption onto 2-line ferrihydrite in NaNO(3) solutions as a function of pH, ionic strength, and concentration. Regression of constant-pH isotherm data, together with potentiometric titration and pH edge data, was a much more rigorous test of the modified TLM than fitting pH edge data alone. When coupled with valuable input from spectroscopic analyses, good fits of the isotherm data were obtained with a one-species, one-Zn-sorption-site model using the bidentate-mononuclear surface complex, (triple bond FeO)(2)Zn; however, surprisingly, both the density of Zn(II) sorption sites and the value of the best-fit equilibrium "constant" for the bidentate-mononuclear complex had to be adjusted with pH to adequately fit the isotherm data. Although spectroscopy provided some evidence for multinuclear surface complex formation at surface loadings approaching site saturation at pH >/=6.5, the assumption of a bidentate-mononuclear surface complex provided acceptable fits of the sorption data over the entire range of conditions studied. Regressing edge data in the absence of isotherm and spectroscopic data resulted in a fair number of surface-species/site-type combinations that provided acceptable fits of the edge data, but unacceptable fits of the isotherm data. A linear relationship between logK((triple bond FeO)2Zn) and pH was found, given by logK((triple bond FeO)2Znat1g/l)=2.058 (pH)-6.131. In addition, a surface activity coefficient term was introduced to the model to reduce the ionic strength dependence of sorption. The results of this research and previous work with Pb(II) indicate that the existing thermodynamic framework for the modified TLM is able to reproduce the metal sorption data only over a limited range of conditions. For this reason, much work still needs to be done in fine-tuning the thermodynamic framework and databases for the TLM.

Performance assessment of EMR systems based on post-relational database.

PubMed

Yu, Hai-Yan; Li, Jing-Song; Zhang, Xiao-Guang; Tian, Yu; Suzuki, Muneou; Araki, Kenji

2012-08-01

Post-relational databases provide high performance and are currently widely used in American hospitals. As few hospital information systems (HIS) in either China or Japan are based on post-relational databases, here we introduce a new-generation electronic medical records (EMR) system called Hygeia, which was developed with the post-relational database Caché and the latest platform Ensemble. Utilizing the benefits of a post-relational database, Hygeia is equipped with an "integration" feature that allows all the system users to access data-with a fast response time-anywhere and at anytime. Performance tests of databases in EMR systems were implemented in both China and Japan. First, a comparison test was conducted between a post-relational database, Caché, and a relational database, Oracle, embedded in the EMR systems of a medium-sized first-class hospital in China. Second, a user terminal test was done on the EMR system Izanami, which is based on the identical database Caché and operates efficiently at the Miyazaki University Hospital in Japan. The results proved that the post-relational database Caché works faster than the relational database Oracle and showed perfect performance in the real-time EMR system.

Spectroscopic classification of three SNe Ia at Asiago

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomasella, L.; Benetti, S.; Cappellaro, E.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Ochner, P.; Pastorello, A.; Tartaglia, L.; Terreran, G.; Turatto, M.

2015-06-01

The Asiago Transient Classification Program (Tomasella et al. 2014, AN, 335, 841) reports the spectroscopic classification of Gaia15agj in FGC 0955 discovered by Gaia satellite on 2015 Jun 03.05 UT (ATel #7615); ASASSN-15kx (ATel #7621) in PGC 068459 discovered by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) and PSN J14432601+5725412 (= MASTER OT J144326.01+572541.2) discovered by MASTER-Kislovodsk auto-detection system (ATel #7618).

The calibration of photographic and spectroscopic films. A densitometric analysis of IIaO film flown aboard the space shuttle transportation system STS3, STS8, and STS7

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hammond, Ernest C., Jr.

1987-01-01

The results of these studies have implications for the utilization of the IIaO spectroscopic film on the future shuttle and space lab missions. These responses to standard photonic energy sources will have immediate application for the uneven responses of the film photographing a star field in a terrestrial or extraterrestrial environment with associated digital imaging equipment.

Spectroscopic detection

DOEpatents

Woskov, Paul P.; Hadidi, Kamal

2003-01-01

In embodiments, spectroscopic monitor monitors modulated light signals to detect low levels of contaminants and other compounds in the presence of background interference. The monitor uses a spectrometer that includes a transmissive modulator capable of causing different frequency ranges to move onto and off of the detector. The different ranges can include those with the desired signal and those selected to subtract background contributions from those with the desired signal. Embodiments of the system are particularly useful for monitoring metal concentrations in combustion effluent.

Absolute and geometric parameters of contact binary BO Arietis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gürol, B.; Gürsoytrak, S. H.; Bradstreet, D. H.

2015-08-01

We present the results of our investigation on the geometrical and physical parameters of the W UMa type binary system BO Ari from analyzed CCD (BVRI) light curves and radial velocity data. The photometric data were obtained in 2009 and 2010 at Ankara University Observatory (AUO) and the spectroscopic observations were made in 2007 and 2010 at TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG). These light and radial velocity observations were analyzed simultaneously by using the Wilson-Devinney (2013 revision) code to obtain absolute and geometrical parameters. The system was determined to be an A-type W UMa system. Combining our photometric solution with the spectroscopic data we derived masses and radii of the eclipsing system to be M1 = 0.995M⊙,M2 = 0.189M⊙,R1 = 1.090R⊙ and R2 = 0.515R⊙ . Finally, we discuss the evolutionary status of the system.

Absolute and geometric parameters of contact binary V1918 Cyg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gürol, B.

2016-08-01

We present the results of our investigation on the geometrical and physical parameters of the W UMa type binary system V1918 Cyg from analyzed CCD (BVR) light curves and radial velocity data. We used the photometric data published by Yang et al. (2013) and spectroscopic data obtained in 2012 at TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG). The light and radial velocity observations were analyzed simultaneously by using the Wilson-Devinney (2015 revision) code to obtain absolute and geometrical parameters of the system. It is confirmed that the system is an A-type W UMa as indicated by Yang et al. (2013). Combining our spectroscopic data with the photometric solution we derived masses and radii of the eclipsing system as M1 = 1.302M⊙ , M2 = 0.362M⊙ , R1 = 1.362R⊙ and R2 = 0.762R⊙ . Finally, we discuss the evolutionary status of the system.

Spectroscopic Binary Star Studies with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boden, A. F.; Lane, B. F.; Creech-Eakman, M.; Queloz, D.; PTI Collaboration

1999-12-01

The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) is a long-baseline near-infrared interferometer located at Palomar Observatory. Following our previous work on resolving spectroscopic binary stars with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI), we will present a number of new visual and physical orbit determinations derived from integrated reductions of PTI visibility and archival radial velocity data. The six systems for which we will present new orbit models are: 12 Boo (HD 123999), 75 Cnc (HD 78418), 47 And (HD 8374), HD 205539, BY Draconis (HDE 234677), and 3 Boo (HD 120064). Most of these systems are double-lined binary systems (SB2), and integrated astrometric/radial velocity orbit modeling provides precise fundamental parameters (mass, luminosity) and system distance determinations comparable with Hipparcos precisions. The work described in this paper was performed under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Recovering the systemic redshift of galaxies from their Lyman-alpha line profile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verhamme, A.; Garel, T.; Ventou, E.; Contini, T.; Bouché, N.; Herenz, E. C.; Richard, J.; Bacon, R.; Schmidt, K. B.; Maseda, M.; Marino, R. A.; Brinchmann, J.; Cantalupo, S.; Caruana, J.; Clément, B.; Diener, C.; Drake, A. B.; Hashimoto, T.; Inami, H.; Kerutt, J.; Kollatschny, W.; Leclercq, F.; Patrício, V.; Schaye, J.; Wisotzki, L.; Zabl, J.

2018-04-01

The Lyman alpha (Lyα) line of Hydrogen is a prominent feature in the spectra of star-forming galaxies, usually redshifted by a few hundreds of km s-1 compared to the systemic redshift. This large offset hampers follow-up surveys, galaxy pair statistics and correlations with quasar absorption lines when only Lyα is available. We propose diagnostics that can be used to recover the systemic redshift directly from the properties of the Lyα line profile. We use spectroscopic observations of Lyman-Alpha Emitters (LAEs) for which a precise measurement of the systemic redshift is available. Our sample contains 13 sources detected between z ≈ 3 and z ≈ 6 as part of various Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO). We also include a compilation of spectroscopic Lyα data from the literature spanning a wide redshift range (z ≈ 0 - 8). First, restricting our analysis to double-peaked Lyα spectra, we find a tight correlation between the velocity offset of the red peak with respect to the systemic redshift, V_peak^red, and the separation of the peaks. Secondly, we find a correlation between V_peak^red and the full width at half maximum of the Lyα line. Fitting formulas, to estimate systemic redshifts of galaxies with an accuracy of ≤100 km s-1 when only the Lyα emission line is available, are given for the two methods.

Cross-sections of residual nuclei from deuteron irradiation of thin thorium target at energy 7 GeV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vespalec, Radek; Adam, Jindrich; Baldin, Anton Alexandrovich; Khushvaktov, Jurabek; Solnyshkin, Alexander Alexandrovich; Tsoupko-Sitnikov, Vsevolod Mikhailovich; Tyutyunikov, Sergey Ivanovich; Vrzalova, Jitka; Zavorka, Lukas; Zeman, Miroslav

2017-09-01

The residual nuclei yields are of great importance for the estimation of basic radiation-technology characteristics (like a total target activity, production of long-lived nuclides etc.) of accelerator driven systems planned for transmutation of spent nuclear fuel and for a design of radioisotopes production facilities. Experimental data are also essential for validation of nuclear codes describing various stages of a spallation reaction. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to add new experimental data in energy region of relativistic deuterons, as similar data are missing in nuclear databases. The sample made of thin natural thorium foil was irradiated at JINR Nuclotron accelerator with a deuteron beam of the total kinetic energy 7 GeV. Integral number of deuterons was determined with the use of aluminum activation detectors. Products of deuteron induced spallation reaction were qualified and quantified by means of gamma-ray spectroscopy method. Several important spectroscopic corrections were applied to obtain results of high accuracy. Experimental cumulative and independent cross-sections were determined for more than 80 isotopes including meta-stable isomers. The total uncertainty of results rarely exceeded 9%. Experimental results were compared with MCNP6.1 Monte-Carlo code predictions. Generally, experimental and calculated cross-sections are in a reasonably good agreement, with the exception of a few light isotopes in a fragmentation region, where the calculations are highly under-estimated. Measured data will be useful for future development of high-energy nuclear codes. After completion, final data will be added into the EXFOR database.

Development of expert systems for analyzing electronic documents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abeer Yassin, Al-Azzawi; Shidlovskiy, S.; Jamal, A. A.

2018-05-01

The paper analyses a Database Management System (DBMS). Expert systems, Databases, and database technology have become an essential component of everyday life in the modern society. As databases are widely used in every organization with a computer system, data resource control and data management are very important [1]. DBMS is the most significant tool developed to serve multiple users in a database environment consisting of programs that enable users to create and maintain a database. This paper focuses on development of a database management system for General Directorate for education of Diyala in Iraq (GDED) using Clips, java Net-beans and Alfresco and system components, which were previously developed in Tomsk State University at the Faculty of Innovative Technology.

Environment/Health/Safety (EHS): Databases

Science.gov Websites

Hazard Documents Database Biosafety Authorization System CATS (Corrective Action Tracking System) (for findings 12/2005 to present) Chemical Management System Electrical Safety Ergonomics Database (for new Learned / Best Practices REMS - Radiation Exposure Monitoring System SJHA Database - Subcontractor Job

Development of miniaturized, spectroscopically assisted Penning gauges for fractional helium and hydrogen neutral pressure measurements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Flesch, K.; Kremeyer, T.; Schmitz, O.

Direct measurements of the helium (He) fractional neutral pressure in the neutral gas around fusion devices is challenging because of the small mass difference between the abundant D-2 molecules and the He ash which will be produced by deuterium-tritium fusion. In order to study He exhaust, an in situ Penning gauge system is being developed at UW-Madison that is optimized for good pressure and high spectroscopic sensitivity. There are three different anode geometries that we have studied regarding their vacuum electrostatic fields, light output, and ion current. The light output of the two new anode configurations are at least onemore » order of magnitude above the currently available designs, hence improving the spectroscopic sensitivity at similar total neutral pressure resolution.« less

Development of miniaturized, spectroscopically assisted Penning gauges for fractional helium and hydrogen neutral pressure measurements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Flesch, K., E-mail: kbflesch@wisc.edu; Kremeyer, T.; Schmitz, O.

Direct measurements of the helium (He) fractional neutral pressure in the neutral gas around fusion devices is challenging because of the small mass difference between the abundant D{sub 2} molecules and the He ash which will be produced by deuterium-tritium fusion. To study He exhaust, an in situ Penning gauge system is being developed at UW-Madison that is optimized for good pressure and high spectroscopic sensitivity. Three different anode geometries have been studied regarding their vacuum electrostatic fields, light output, and ion current. The light output of the two new anode configurations are at least one order of magnitude abovemore » the currently available designs, hence improving the spectroscopic sensitivity at similar total neutral pressure resolution.« less

Spectroscopic identification of rare earth elements in phosphate glass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Devangad, Praveen; Tamboli, Maktum; Muhammed Shameem, K. M.; Nayak, Rajesh; Patil, Ajeetkumar; Unnikrishnan, V. K.; Santhosh, C.; Kumar, G. A.

2018-01-01

In this work, rare earth-doped phosphate glasses were synthesized and characterized using three different spectroscopic techniques. The absorption spectra of the prepared praseodymium (Pr) and samarium (Sm) doped glasses, recorded by a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, show the characteristic absorption bands of these elements. To confirm this inference, laser-induced fluorescence spectra of Pr and Sm were obtained at a laser excitation of 442 nm. Their emission bands are reported here. The elemental analysis of these samples was carried out using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system. Characteristic emission lines of Pr and Sm have been identified and reported by the recorded LIBS spectra of glass samples. Results prove that using these three complimentary spectroscopic techniques (absorption, fluorescence and LIBS), we can meaningfully characterize rare earth-doped glass samples.

Spectroscopic temperature measurements in interior ballistic environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klingenberg, G.; Mach, H.

1984-11-01

Spectroscopic temperature measurements during the interior ballistic cycle of a 20 mm test fixture gun and inside the muzzle flash of a 7.62 mm rifle are described. The investigation yields information on temperature distribution in the burning propellant charge of the 20 mm test fixture and on radial temperature profiles in the 7.62 mm muzzle flash region. A technique to obtain temperature during the ignition and combustion within the 20 mm propellant charge is presented. Additional in-bore measurements by quartz windows mounted into bores along the barrel and emission-absorption measurements inside the muzzle flash of the 20 mm test fixture yield a complete temperature profile for the gun system. Spectroscopic infrared measurements inside the muzzle flash of a 7.62 mm rifle complete the investigation.

Development of miniaturized, spectroscopically assisted Penning gauges for fractional helium and hydrogen neutral pressure measurements

DOE PAGES

Flesch, K.; Kremeyer, T.; Schmitz, O.; ...

2016-08-18

Direct measurements of the helium (He) fractional neutral pressure in the neutral gas around fusion devices is challenging because of the small mass difference between the abundant D-2 molecules and the He ash which will be produced by deuterium-tritium fusion. In order to study He exhaust, an in situ Penning gauge system is being developed at UW-Madison that is optimized for good pressure and high spectroscopic sensitivity. There are three different anode geometries that we have studied regarding their vacuum electrostatic fields, light output, and ion current. The light output of the two new anode configurations are at least onemore » order of magnitude above the currently available designs, hence improving the spectroscopic sensitivity at similar total neutral pressure resolution.« less

NASA Tech Briefs, November 2012

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2012-01-01

The topics include: Visual System for Browsing, Analysis, and Retrieval of Data (ViSBARD); Time-Domain Terahertz Computed Axial Tomography NDE System; Adaptive Sampling of Time Series During Remote Exploration; A Tracking Sun Photometer Without Moving Parts; Surface Temperature Data Analysis; Modular, Autonomous Command and Data Handling Software with Built-In Simulation and Test; In-Situ Wire Damage Detection System; Amplifier Module for 260-GHz Band Using Quartz Waveguide Transitions; Wideband Agile Digital Microwave Radiometer; Buckyball Nucleation of HiPco Tubes; FACT, Mega-ROSA, SOLAROSA; An Integrated, Layered-Spinel Composite Cathode for Energy Storage Applications; Engineered Multifunctional Surfaces for Fluid Handling; Polyolefin-Based Aerogels; Adjusting Permittivity by Blending Varying Ratios of SWNTs; Gravity-Assist Mechanical Simulator for Outreach; Concept for Hydrogen-Impregnated Nanofiber/Photovoltaic Cargo Stowage System; DROP: Durable Reconnaissance and Observation Platform; Developing Physiologic Models for Emergency Medical Procedures Under Microgravity; Spectroscopic Chemical Analysis Methods and Apparatus; Low Average Sidelobe Slot Array Antennas for Radiometer Applications; Motion-Corrected 3D Sonic Anemometer for Tethersondes and Other Moving Platforms; Water Treatment Systems for Long Spaceflights; Microchip Non-Aqueous Capillary Electrophoresis (MicronNACE) Method to Analyze Long-Chain Primary Amines; Low-Cost Phased Array Antenna for Sounding Rockets, Missiles, and Expendable Launch Vehicles; Mars Science Laboratory Engineering Cameras; Seismic Imager Space Telescope; Estimating Sea Surface Salinity and Wind Using Combined Passive and Active L-Band Microwave Observations; A Posteriori Study of a DNS Database Describing Super critical Binary-Species Mixing; Scalable SCPPM Decoder; QuakeSim 2.0; HURON (HUman and Robotic Optimization Network) Multi-Agent Temporal Activity Planner/Scheduler; MPST Software: MoonKommand

Spectroscopic data for thermal infrared remote sensing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Varanasi, P.; Nemtchinov, V.; Li, Z.

1995-01-01

There has been extensive world-wide use of chloro-fluoro-carbons (CFC's), especially CFC-11 (CFCl3) and CFC-12 (CF2Cl2), hydro-chloro-fluoro-carbons (HCFC's), HCFC-22 (CHFCl2) in particular, and sulphur hexaflouride (SF6) in numerous many industrial applications. These chemicals possess either a strong ozone-depletion potential or a global-warming potential, or both, and pose a threat to the inhabitability of our planet. Recognition of this fact has led to significant curtailment, if not total banishment, of their use globally. However, as recent satellite observations have shown, decline in their atmospheric concentrations may not be immediate. The marked depletion of ozone which has been observed in recent years at high latitudes has made infrared remote sensing of the atmosphere an activity of high priority. The success of any infrared remote sensing experiment conducted in the atmosphere depends upon the availability of accurate, high-resolution, spectroscopic data that are applicable to that experiment. This paper presents a preliminary phase of a multi-faceted work using a Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS) which is in progress in our laboratory. The concept of how laboratory-borne measurements can be geared toward obtaining a database that is directly applicable to satellite-borne remote sensing missions is the main thrust of this paper which addresses itself to ongoing or planned international space missions. Spectroscopic data on the unresolvable bands of the above mentioned as well as several other man-made gases and on the individual spectral lines of such naturally present trace gases as CO2, N2O, NH3, and CH4 are presented. There is often significant overlap between the isolated lines of better known bands of the more abundant species and the weaker absorption features identifiable as bands of the currently less abundant CFC's, HCFC's, and SF6.

Rosetta Comet Spreads its Jets

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-24

This image was taken by the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System, Rosetta main onboard scientific imaging system, on Sept. 10, 2014. Jets of cometary activity can be seen along almost the entire body of the comet.

A Relational Database System for Student Use.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fertuck, Len

1982-01-01

Describes an APL implementation of a relational database system suitable for use in a teaching environment in which database development and database administration are studied, and discusses the functions of the user and the database administrator. An appendix illustrating system operation and an eight-item reference list are attached. (Author/JL)

James Webb Space Telescope XML Database: From the Beginning to Today

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gal-Edd, Jonathan; Fatig, Curtis C.

2005-01-01

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Project has been defining, developing, and exercising the use of a common eXtensible Markup Language (XML) for the command and telemetry (C&T) database structure. JWST is the first large NASA space mission to use XML for databases. The JWST project started developing the concepts for the C&T database in 2002. The database will need to last at least 20 years since it will be used beginning with flight software development, continuing through Observatory integration and test (I&T) and through operations. Also, a database tool kit has been provided to the 18 various flight software development laboratories located in the United States, Europe, and Canada that allows the local users to create their own databases. Recently the JWST Project has been working with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Object Management Group (OMG) XML Telemetry and Command Exchange (XTCE) personnel to provide all the information needed by JWST and JPL for exchanging database information using a XML standard structure. The lack of standardization requires custom ingest scripts for each ground system segment, increasing the cost of the total system. Providing a non-proprietary standard of the telemetry and command database definition formation will allow dissimilar systems to communicate without the need for expensive mission specific database tools and testing of the systems after the database translation. The various ground system components that would benefit from a standardized database are the telemetry and command systems, archives, simulators, and trending tools. JWST has exchanged the XML database with the Eclipse, EPOCH, ASIST ground systems, Portable spacecraft simulator (PSS), a front-end system, and Integrated Trending and Plotting System (ITPS) successfully. This paper will discuss how JWST decided to use XML, the barriers to a new concept, experiences utilizing the XML structure, exchanging databases with other users, and issues that have been experienced in creating databases for the C&T system.

ON THE VIABILITY OF THE PAH MODEL AS AN EXPLANATION OF THE UNIDENTIFIED INFRARED EMISSION FEATURES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Yong; Kwok, Sun, E-mail: zhangy96@hku.hk, E-mail: sunkwok@hku.hk

2015-01-01

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules are widely considered the preferred candidate for the carrier of the unidentified infrared emission bands observed in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes. In this paper, we report the results of fitting a variety of non-PAH spectra (silicates, hydrogenated amorphous carbon, coal, and even artificial spectra) using the theoretical infrared spectra of PAHs from the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database. We show that these non-PAH spectra can be well fitted by PAH mixtures. This suggests that a general match between astronomical spectra and those of PAH mixtures does not necessarily provide definitive support formore » the PAH hypothesis.« less

GOSSS-DR1: The First Data Release of the Galactic O-star Spectroscopic Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sota, Alfredo; Maíz Apellániz, Jesús; Barbá, Rodolfo H.; Walborn, Nolan R.; Alfaro, Emilio J.; Gamen, Roberto C.; Morrell, Nidia I.; Arias, Julia I.; Gallego Calvente, A. T.

2013-06-01

Coinciding with this meeting, we are publishing the first data release of GOSSS. This release contains [a] revised spectral classifications and [b] blue-violet R~2500 spectra in FITS format for ~400 Galactic O stars, including all brighter than B=8. DR1 (and future releases) will take place through GOSC, the Galactic O-Star Catalog (http://gosc.iaa.es), which will be updated for the occasion. Since 2011 GOSC runs on a MySQL database and allows for queries based on coordinates, spectral class, photometry, and other parameters. Future data releases will include the rest of the stars observed in GOSSS (currently 1521 with ~1000 more planned in the next two years).

The optical method for determining the thermodynamic parameters of hot gases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egorov, O. V.; Voitsekhovskaya, O. K.; Kashirskii, D. E.; Tsvyk, R. Sh.; Sazanovich, V. M.; Sherstobitov, M. V.

2014-11-01

The research conducted on the thermodynamic parameters of a flame was based on its experimental transmission spectra in the 2.7 μm and 4.3 μm ranges. To produce the flame, alcohol was burned under atmospheric conditions. The hot gases resulting from the burning of ethanol (H2O, CO, and CO2) were accelerated and spun by the rotation of an impeller. The optical method developed by the authors was employed for predicting the temperature and partial pressure of the hot gases. The results demonstrate the practical significance of the method suggested. The spectroscopic database HITEMP 2010 was used for all line-by-line calculations presented in the article.

Standoff spectroscopic interrogation of samples irradiated by high energy lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daigle, Jean-François; Pudo, Dominik; Théberge, Francis

2017-10-01

We report on a novel method that shows the potential to provide real-time, standoff forensic analysis of samples being irradiated by a high energy laser (HEL). The interaction of the HEL beam with matter produces specific optical signatures that can be detected from the location of the HEL system. A spectroscopic analysis of these signals can then provide useful information to the operator including the impact the laser has on the sample as well as providing data about the its structure and composition.

Metallized Capillaries as Probes for Raman Spectroscopy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pelletier, Michael

2003-01-01

A class of miniature probes has been proposed to supplant the fiber-optic probes used heretofore in some Raman and fluorescence spectroscopic systems. A probe according to the proposal would include a capillary tube coated with metal on its inside to make it reflective. A microlens would be hermetically sealed onto one end of the tube. A spectroscopic probe head would contain a single such probe, which would both deliver laser light to a sample and collect Raman or fluorescent light emitted by the sample.

Terahertz source requirements for molecular spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Lucia, Frank C.; Goyette, Thomas M.

1994-06-01

Molecular spectroscopy was the earliest application in the terahertz spectral region and remains one of the most important. With the development of modern technology, spectroscopy has expanded beyond the laboratory and is the basis for a number of important remote sensing systems, especially in atmospheric science and studies of the interstellar medium. Concurrently, these spectroscopic applications have been one of the prime motivators for the development of terahertz technology. This paper will review these issues in the context of the requirements placed on future technology developments by spectroscopic applications.

Terahertz source requirements for molecular spectroscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

De Lucia, F.C.; Goyette, T.M.

1994-12-31

Molecular spectroscopy was the earliest application in the terahertz spectral region and remains one of the most important. With the development of modern technology, spectroscopy has expanded beyond the laboratory and is the basis for a number of important remote sensing systems, especially in atmospheric science and studies of the interstellar medium. Concurrently, these spectroscopic applications have been one of the prime motivators for the development of terahertz technology. This paper will review these issues in the context of the requirements placed on future technology developments by spectroscopic applications.

A real-time spectroscopic sensor for monitoring laser welding processes.

PubMed

Sibillano, Teresa; Ancona, Antonio; Berardi, Vincenzo; Lugarà, Pietro Mario

2009-01-01

In this paper we report on the development of a sensor for real time monitoring of laser welding processes based on spectroscopic techniques. The system is based on the acquisition of the optical spectra emitted from the laser generated plasma plume and their use to implement an on-line algorithm for both the calculation of the plasma electron temperature and the analysis of the correlations between selected spectral lines. The sensor has been patented and it is currently available on the market.

First Spectroscopic Solutions of Two Southern Eclipsing Binaries: HO Tel and QY Tel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sürgit, D.; Erdem, A.; Engelbrecht, C. A.; van Heerden, P.; Manick, R.

2015-07-01

We present preliminary results from the analysis of spectroscopic observations of two southern eclipsing binary stars, HO Tel and QY Tel. The grating spectra of these two systems were obtained at the Sutherland Station of the South African Astronomical Observatory in 2013. Radial velocities of the components were determined by the Fourier disentangling technique. Keplerian radial velocity models of HO Tel and QY Tel give their mass ratio as 0.921±0.005 and 1.089±0.007, respectively.

Database Access Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalrymple, Prudence W.; Roderer, Nancy K.

1994-01-01

Highlights the changes that have occurred from 1987-93 in database access systems. Topics addressed include types of databases, including CD-ROMs; enduser interface; database selection; database access management, including library instruction and use of primary literature; economic issues; database users; the search process; and improving…

An Introduction to Database Structure and Database Machines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Detweiler, Karen

1984-01-01

Enumerates principal management objectives of database management systems (data independence, quality, security, multiuser access, central control) and criteria for comparison (response time, size, flexibility, other features). Conventional database management systems, relational databases, and database machines used for backend processing are…

78 FR 28756 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement: System for Award Management Name Changes...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-16

... Excluded Parties Listing System (EPLS) databases into the System for Award Management (SAM) database. DATES... combined the functional capabilities of the CCR, ORCA, and EPLS procurement systems into the SAM database... identification number and the type of organization from the System for Award Management database. 0 3. Revise the...

A /sup 1/Pi--X /sup 1/. sigma. /sup +/ band system in CH/sup +/ and CD/sup +/: theoretical spectroscopic constants and lifetimes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Elander, N.; Oddershede, J.; Beebe, N.H.F.

1977-08-15

Polarization propagator calculation of spectroscopic constants and radiative lifetimes for the A /sup 1/Pi--X /sup 1/..sigma../sup +/ band system are presented. The spectroscopic constants agree well with experimental and other theoretical values. We have also performed an iterative Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) calculation of B/sub e/, ..omega../sub e/, and ..omega../sub e/x/sub e/ for the experimental X /sup 1/..sigma../sup +/ state.The calculated radiative lifetime for the A /sup 1/Pi state (v'=0) is 660 ns and 598 ns, with theoretical and experimental potential energy curves, respectively. This difference (about 60 ns) indicates the inaccuracy in the present calculation. Experimentally the most recent estimate ofmore » the A /sup 1/Pi (v'=0) state is 630 +- 50 ns, and theoretically the Yoshimine et al. transition moment gives tau (A /sup 1/Pi, v'=0) =722 ns.The radiative lifetimes calculated for CD/sup +/ are between 1.3% and 3.9% larger than the corresponding CH/sup +/ lifetimes.« less

Development of Data Processing Software for NBI Spectroscopic Analysis System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaodan; Hu, Chundong; Sheng, Peng; Zhao, Yuanzhe; Wu, Deyun; Cui, Qinglong

2015-04-01

A set of data processing software is presented in this paper for processing NBI spectroscopic data. For better and more scientific managment and querying these data, they are managed uniformly by the NBI data server. The data processing software offers the functions of uploading beam spectral original and analytic data to the data server manually and automatically, querying and downloading all the NBI data, as well as dealing with local LZO data. The set software is composed of a server program and a client program. The server software is programmed in C/C++ under a CentOS development environment. The client software is developed under a VC 6.0 platform, which offers convenient operational human interfaces. The network communications between the server and the client are based on TCP. With the help of this set software, the NBI spectroscopic analysis system realizes the unattended automatic operation, and the clear interface also makes it much more convenient to offer beam intensity distribution data and beam power data to operators for operation decision-making. supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11075183), the Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge Innovation

Spectroscopic ellipsometry and polarimetry for materials and systems analysis at the nanometer scale: state-of-the-art, potential, and perspectives

PubMed Central

Bergmair, Michael; Bruno, Giovanni; Cattelan, Denis; Cobet, Christoph; de Martino, Antonello; Fleischer, Karsten; Dohcevic-Mitrovic, Zorana; Esser, Norbert; Galliet, Melanie; Gajic, Rados; Hemzal, Dušan; Hingerl, Kurt; Humlicek, Josef; Ossikovski, Razvigor; Popovic, Zoran V.; Saxl, Ottilia

2009-01-01

This paper discusses the fundamentals, applications, potential, limitations, and future perspectives of polarized light reflection techniques for the characterization of materials and related systems and devices at the nanoscale. These techniques include spectroscopic ellipsometry, polarimetry, and reflectance anisotropy. We give an overview of the various ellipsometry strategies for the measurement and analysis of nanometric films, metal nanoparticles and nanowires, semiconductor nanocrystals, and submicron periodic structures. We show that ellipsometry is capable of more than the determination of thickness and optical properties, and it can be exploited to gain information about process control, geometry factors, anisotropy, defects, and quantum confinement effects of nanostructures. PMID:21170135

A photometric study of the eclipsing binary RX Hercules

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jeffreys, K. W.

1980-01-01

A new photoelectric light curve of RX Hercules, a binary system with similar components, has been analyzed using Wood's computer model. RX Her, using Popper's spectroscopic mass ratio of q = 0.8472, turned out to be composed of a dimmer AO component and a larger B9.5 component. This detached system, upon analysis of the residuals in secondary minimum, shows some asymmetry during ingress which then disappears just before secondary minimum. The eccentricity e = 0.022 determined in this study is a little larger than previously published values of e = 0.018. In combination with the spectroscopic analysis of Popper, and ubvy data of Olson and Hill and Hilditch new photometric elements for RX Her were found.

Broadband spectroscopic sensor for real-time monitoring of industrial SO(2) emissions.

PubMed

Xu, Feng; Zhang, Yungang; Somesfalean, Gabriel; Wang, Huashan; Wu, Shaohua; Zhang, Zhiguo

2007-05-01

A spectroscopic system for continuous real-time monitoring of SO(2) concentrations in industrial emissions was developed. The sensor is well suited for field applications due to simple and compact instrumental design, and robust data evaluation based on ultraviolet broadband absorption without the use of any calibration cell. The sensor has a detection limit of 1 ppm, and was employed both for gas-flow simulations with and without suspended particles, and for in situ measurement of SO(2) concentrations in the flue gas emitted from an industrial coal-fired boiler. The price/performance ratio of the instrument is expected to be superior to other comparable real-time monitoring systems.

A simplified CARS measurement system for rapid determination of temperature and oxygen concentration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fujii, Shoichi

1987-01-01

A new spectroscopic concept for the rapid determination of temperature and oxygen concentration by CARS (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy) was described. The ratio of two spectral regions in the broadband Q-branch spectrum was detected by photomultipliers in a monochromator, which ratio depends on temperature and species concentration. The comparison of the measured data with theory was made using a flat flame burner and an electric furnace, with reasonable results. Various optical techniques for alignment were introduced including a highly efficient, stable dye oscillator. The combination of the spectroscopic concept and the optical techniques will make the CARS measurement system rapid in data processing and simple in optical parts.

Microoptoelectromechanical systems-based external cavity quantum cascade lasers for real-time spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butschek, Lorenz; Hugger, Stefan; Jarvis, Jan; Haertelt, Marko; Merten, André; Schwarzenberg, Markus; Grahmann, Jan; Stothard, David; Warden, Matthew; Carson, Christopher; Macarthur, John; Fuchs, Frank; Ostendorf, Ralf; Wagner, Joachim

2018-01-01

We report on mid-IR spectroscopic measurements performed with rapidly tunable external cavity quantum cascade lasers (EC-QCLs). Fast wavelength tuning in the external cavity is realized by a microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) grating oscillating at a resonance frequency of about 1 kHz with a deflection amplitude of up to 10 deg. The entire spectral range of the broadband QCL can therefore be covered in just 500 μs, paving the way for real-time spectroscopy in the mid-IR region. In addition to its use in spectroscopic measurements conducted in backscattering and transmission geometry, the MOEMS-based laser source is characterized regarding pulse intensity noise, wavelength reproducibility, and spectral resolution.

Time-resolved spectroscopic imaging reveals the fundamentals of cellular NADH fluorescence.

PubMed

Li, Dong; Zheng, Wei; Qu, Jianan Y

2008-10-15

A time-resolved spectroscopic imaging system is built to study the fluorescence characteristics of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), an important metabolic coenzyme and endogenous fluorophore in cells. The system provides a unique approach to measure fluorescence signals in different cellular organelles and cytoplasm. The ratios of free over protein-bound NADH signals in cytosol and nucleus are slightly higher than those in mitochondria. The mitochondrial fluorescence contributes about 70% of overall cellular fluorescence and is not a completely dominant signal. Furthermore, NADH signals in mitochondria, cytosol, and the nucleus respond to the changes of cellular activity differently, suggesting that cytosolic and nuclear fluorescence may complicate the well-known relationship between mitochondrial fluorescence and cellular metabolism.

Light Curve and Analysis of the Eclipsing Binary BF Centauri

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morris, M. A.; Wolf, G. W.

2003-12-01

The eclipsing binary star BF Centauri was observed photometrically by GWW in the uvby filter system from Mt. John Observatory in New Zealand during 1982, 1989 and 1998. It was also observed spectroscopically at 10 A/mm by W. A. Lawson in 1993 at Mt. Stromlo in Australia to obtain a radial velocity solution. The combined light curves and spectroscopic results have been analyzed using the 1998 version of Robert Wilson's WD light-curve programs. A consistent model for the system will be presented. This analysis was done as a part of a senior research project by MAM, who would like to acknowledge financial support from the Missouri Space Grant Consortium.

Heterogeneous distributed databases: A case study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Tracy R.; Mukkamala, Ravi

1991-01-01

Alternatives are reviewed for accessing distributed heterogeneous databases and a recommended solution is proposed. The current study is limited to the Automated Information Systems Center at the Naval Sea Combat Systems Engineering Station at Norfolk, VA. This center maintains two databases located on Digital Equipment Corporation's VAX computers running under the VMS operating system. The first data base, ICMS, resides on a VAX11/780 and has been implemented using VAX DBMS, a CODASYL based system. The second database, CSA, resides on a VAX 6460 and has been implemented using the ORACLE relational database management system (RDBMS). Both databases are used for configuration management within the U.S. Navy. Different customer bases are supported by each database. ICMS tracks U.S. Navy ships and major systems (anti-sub, sonar, etc.). Even though the major systems on ships and submarines have totally different functions, some of the equipment within the major systems are common to both ships and submarines.

The Time-domain Spectroscopic Survey: Target Selection for Repeat Spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

MacLeod, Chelsea L.; Green, Paul J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Eracleous, Michael; Ruan, John J.; Runnoe, Jessie; Nielsen Brandt, William; Badenes, Carles; Greene, Jenny; Morganson, Eric; Schmidt, Sarah J.; Schwope, Axel; Shen, Yue; Amaro, Rachael; Lebleu, Amy; Filiz Ak, Nurten; Grier, Catherine J.; Hoover, Daniel; McGraw, Sean M.; Dawson, Kyle; Hall, Patrick B.; Hawley, Suzanne L.; Mariappan, Vivek; Myers, Adam D.; Pâris, Isabelle; Schneider, Donald P.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Bershady, Matthew A.; Blanton, Michael R.; Seo, Hee-Jong; Tinker, Jeremy; Fernández-Trincado, J. G.; Chambers, Kenneth; Kaiser, Nick; Kudritzki, R.-P.; Magnier, Eugene; Metcalfe, Nigel; Waters, Chris Z.

2018-01-01

As astronomers increasingly exploit the information available in the time domain, spectroscopic variability in particular opens broad new channels of investigation. Here we describe the selection algorithms for all targets intended for repeat spectroscopy in the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), part of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey within the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-IV. Also discussed are the scientific rationale and technical constraints leading to these target selections. The TDSS includes a large “repeat quasar spectroscopy” (RQS) program delivering ∼13,000 repeat spectra of confirmed SDSS quasars, and several smaller “few-epoch spectroscopy” (FES) programs targeting specific classes of quasars as well as stars. The RQS program aims to provide a large and diverse quasar data set for studying variations in quasar spectra on timescales of years, a comparison sample for the FES quasar programs, and an opportunity for discovering rare, serendipitous events. The FES programs cover a wide variety of phenomena in both quasars and stars. Quasar FES programs target broad absorption line quasars, high signal-to-noise ratio normal broad line quasars, quasars with double-peaked or very asymmetric broad emission line profiles, binary supermassive black hole candidates, and the most photometrically variable quasars. Strongly variable stars are also targeted for repeat spectroscopy, encompassing many types of eclipsing binary systems, and classical pulsators like RR Lyrae. Other stellar FES programs allow spectroscopic variability studies of active ultracool dwarf stars, dwarf carbon stars, and white dwarf/M dwarf spectroscopic binaries. We present example TDSS spectra and describe anticipated sample sizes and results.

Vision and spectroscopic sensing for joint tracing in narrow gap laser butt welding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nilsen, Morgan; Sikström, Fredrik; Christiansson, Anna-Karin; Ancona, Antonio

2017-11-01

The automated laser beam butt welding process is sensitive to positioning the laser beam with respect to the joint because a small offset may result in detrimental lack of sidewall fusion. This problem is even more pronounced in case of narrow gap butt welding, where most of the commercial automatic joint tracing systems fail to detect the exact position and size of the gap. In this work, a dual vision and spectroscopic sensing approach is proposed to trace narrow gap butt joints during laser welding. The system consists of a camera with suitable illumination and matched optical filters and a fast miniature spectrometer. An image processing algorithm of the camera recordings has been developed in order to estimate the laser spot position relative to the joint position. The spectral emissions from the laser induced plasma plume have been acquired by the spectrometer, and based on the measurements of the intensities of selected lines of the spectrum, the electron temperature signal has been calculated and correlated to variations of process conditions. The individual performances of these two systems have been experimentally investigated and evaluated offline by data from several welding experiments, where artificial abrupt as well as gradual deviations of the laser beam out of the joint were produced. Results indicate that a combination of the information provided by the vision and spectroscopic systems is beneficial for development of a hybrid sensing system for joint tracing.

How I do it: a practical database management system to assist clinical research teams with data collection, organization, and reporting.

PubMed

Lee, Howard; Chapiro, Julius; Schernthaner, Rüdiger; Duran, Rafael; Wang, Zhijun; Gorodetski, Boris; Geschwind, Jean-François; Lin, MingDe

2015-04-01

The objective of this study was to demonstrate that an intra-arterial liver therapy clinical research database system is a more workflow efficient and robust tool for clinical research than a spreadsheet storage system. The database system could be used to generate clinical research study populations easily with custom search and retrieval criteria. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to 21 board-certified radiologists to assess current data storage problems and clinician reception to a database management system. Based on the questionnaire findings, a customized database and user interface system were created to perform automatic calculations of clinical scores including staging systems such as the Child-Pugh and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, and facilitates data input and output. Questionnaire participants were favorable to a database system. The interface retrieved study-relevant data accurately and effectively. The database effectively produced easy-to-read study-specific patient populations with custom-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The database management system is workflow efficient and robust in retrieving, storing, and analyzing data. Copyright © 2015 AUR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Implementation of a data management software system for SSME test history data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abernethy, Kenneth

1986-01-01

The implementation of a software system for managing Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) test/flight historical data is presented. The software system uses the database management system RIM7 for primary data storage and routine data management, but includes several FORTRAN programs, described here, which provide customized access to the RIM7 database. The consolidation, modification, and transfer of data from the database THIST, to the RIM7 database THISRM is discussed. The RIM7 utility modules for generating some standard reports from THISRM and performing some routine updating and maintenance are briefly described. The FORTRAN accessing programs described include programs for initial loading of large data sets into the database, capturing data from files for database inclusion, and producing specialized statistical reports which cannot be provided by the RIM7 report generator utility. An expert system tutorial, constructed using the expert system shell product INSIGHT2, is described. Finally, a potential expert system, which would analyze data in the database, is outlined. This system could use INSIGHT2 as well and would take advantage of RIM7's compatibility with the microcomputer database system RBase 5000.

Generation of chemical movies: FT-IR spectroscopic imaging of segmented flows.

PubMed

Chan, K L Andrew; Niu, X; deMello, A J; Kazarian, S G

2011-05-01

We have previously demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopic imaging can be used as a powerful, label-free detection method for studying laminar flows. However, to date, the speed of image acquisition has been too slow for the efficient detection of moving droplets within segmented flow systems. In this paper, we demonstrate the extraction of fast FT-IR images with acquisition times of 50 ms. This approach allows efficient interrogation of segmented flow systems where aqueous droplets move at a speed of 2.5 mm/s. Consecutive FT-IR images separated by 120 ms intervals allow the generation of chemical movies at eight frames per second. The technique has been applied to the study of microfluidic systems containing moving droplets of water in oil and droplets of protein solution in oil. The presented work demonstrates the feasibility of the use of FT-IR imaging to study dynamic systems with subsecond temporal resolution.

Laser spectroscopic probing of coexisting superfluid and insulating states of an atomic Bose–Hubbard system

PubMed Central

Kato, Shinya; Inaba, Kensuke; Sugawa, Seiji; Shibata, Kosuke; Yamamoto, Ryuta; Yamashita, Makoto; Takahashi, Yoshiro

2016-01-01

A system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice has been regarded as an ideal quantum simulator for a Hubbard model with extremely high controllability of the system parameters. While making use of the controllability, a comprehensive measurement across the weakly to strongly interacting regimes in the Hubbard model to discuss the quantum many-body state is still limited. Here we observe a great change in the excitation energy spectra across the two regimes in an atomic Bose–Hubbard system by using a spectroscopic technique, which can resolve the site occupancy in the lattice. By quantitatively comparing the observed spectra and numerical simulations based on sum rule relations and a binary fluid treatment under a finite temperature Gutzwiller approximation, we show that the spectra reflect the coexistence of a delocalized superfluid state and a localized insulating state across the two regimes. PMID:27094083

Study of gamma detection capabilities of the REWARD mobile spectroscopic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balbuena, J. P.; Baptista, M.; Barros, S.; Dambacher, M.; Disch, C.; Fiederle, M.; Kuehn, S.; Parzefall, U.

2017-07-01

REWARD is a novel mobile spectroscopic radiation detector system for Homeland Security applications. The system integrates gamma and neutron detection equipped with wireless communication. A comprehensive simulation study on its gamma detection capabilities in different radioactive scenarios is presented in this work. The gamma detection unit consists of a precise energy resolution system based on two stacked (Cd,Zn)Te sensors working in coincidence sum mode. The volume of each of these CZT sensors is 1 cm3. The investigated energy windows used to determine the detection capabilities of the detector correspond to the gamma emissions from 137Cs and 60Co radioactive sources (662 keV and 1173/1333 keV respectively). Monte Carlo and Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulations are combined to determine its sensing capabilities for different radiation sources and estimate the limits of detection of the sensing unit as a function of source activity for several shielding materials.

Development and Operation of a Database Machine for Online Access and Update of a Large Database.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rush, James E.

1980-01-01

Reviews the development of a fault tolerant database processor system which replaced OCLC's conventional file system. A general introduction to database management systems and the operating environment is followed by a description of the hardware selection, software processes, and system characteristics. (SW)

75 FR 18255 - Passenger Facility Charge Database System for Air Carrier Reporting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

... Facility Charge Database System for Air Carrier Reporting AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) database system to report PFC quarterly report information. In... developed a national PFC database system in order to more easily track the PFC program on a nationwide basis...

An Improved Database System for Program Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haga, Wayne; Morris, Gerard; Morrell, Joseph S.

2011-01-01

This research paper presents a database management system for tracking course assessment data and reporting related outcomes for program assessment. It improves on a database system previously presented by the authors and in use for two years. The database system presented is specific to assessment for ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and…

Studies of relationships among outer solar system small bodies and related objects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hartmann, William K.

1991-01-01

This program involves telescopic observations of colorimetry, spectroscopy, and photometry of small bodies of the solar system, emphasizing possible relationships among outer solar system asteroids, comets, and certain satellites. Earth approacher targets of opportunity and lab spectroscopic studies are included.

76 FR 11465 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-02

... separate systems of records: ``FHFA-OIG Audit Files Database,'' ``FHFA-OIG Investigative & Evaluative Files Database,'' ``FHFA-OIG Investigative & Evaluative MIS Database,'' and ``FHFA-OIG Hotline Database.'' These... Audit Files Database. FHFA-OIG-2: FHFA-OIG Investigative & Evaluative Files Database. FHFA-OIG-3: FHFA...

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Diffuse ionized gas database DIGEDA (Flores-Fajardo+ 2009)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flores-Fajardo, N.; Morisset, C.; Binette, L.

2009-09-01

DIGEDA is a comprehensive database comprising 1061 DIG and HII region spectroscopic observations of 29 different galaxies (25 spiral galaxies and 4 irregulars) from 18 bibliographic references. This survey contains galaxies with significant spread in star formation rates, Halpha luminosities, distances, disk inclinations, slit positions and slit orientations. The 1061 observations obtained from these references were extracted by digitalization of published figures or tables. The data were subsequently normalized and incorporated in DIGEDA. This resulted in a table of 26 columns containing 1061 data lines or records (DIGEDA.dat file). We have not performed any reddening by dust correction or for the presence of underlying absorption lines, although we did use the reddening corrected ratios when made available by the authors. Missing entries are represented by (-1) in the corresponding data field. In DIGEDA the observed areas are classificated in three possible emission region types: HII region, transition zones or DIG. When this classification was not reported (no matter the criterion) for the authors, we introduce our own classification taking into account the value of |z| as described in the paper. (4 data files).

VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2nd and 3d parameters of HB of globular clusters (Gratton+, 2010)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gratton, R. G.; Carretta, E.; Bragaglia, A.; Lucatello, S.; S'orazii, V.

2010-05-01

The second parameter (the first being metallicity) defining the distribution of stars on the horizontal branch (HB) of globular clusters (GCs) has long been one of the major open issues in our understanding of the evolution of normal stars. Large photometric and spectroscopic databases are now available: they include large and homogeneous sets of colour-magnitude diagrams, cluster ages, and homogeneous data about chemical compositions from our FLAMES survey. We use these databases to re-examine this issue. Methods. We use the photometric data to derive median and extreme (i.e., the values including 90% of the distribution) colours and magnitudes of stars along the HB for about a hundred GCs. We transform these into median and extreme masses of stars on the HB, using the models developed by the Pisa group, and taking into account evolutionary effects. We compare these masses with those expected at the tip of the red giant branch (RGB) to derive the total mass lost by the stars. (11 data files).

High-Definition Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging

PubMed Central

Reddy, Rohith K.; Walsh, Michael J.; Schulmerich, Matthew V.; Carney, P. Scott; Bhargava, Rohit

2013-01-01

The quality of images from an infrared (IR) microscope has traditionally been limited by considerations of throughput and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). An understanding of the achievable quality as a function of instrument parameters, from first principals is needed for improved instrument design. Here, we first present a model for light propagation through an IR spectroscopic imaging system based on scalar wave theory. The model analytically describes the propagation of light along the entire beam path from the source to the detector. The effect of various optical elements and the sample in the microscope is understood in terms of the accessible spatial frequencies by using a Fourier optics approach and simulations are conducted to gain insights into spectroscopic image formation. The optimal pixel size at the sample plane is calculated and shown much smaller than that in current mid-IR microscopy systems. A commercial imaging system is modified, and experimental data are presented to demonstrate the validity of the developed model. Building on this validated theoretical foundation, an optimal sampling configuration is set up. Acquired data were of high spatial quality but, as expected, of poorer SNR. Signal processing approaches were implemented to improve the spectral SNR. The resulting data demonstrated the ability to perform high-definition IR imaging in the laboratory by using minimally-modified commercial instruments. PMID:23317676

High-definition infrared spectroscopic imaging.

PubMed

Reddy, Rohith K; Walsh, Michael J; Schulmerich, Matthew V; Carney, P Scott; Bhargava, Rohit

2013-01-01

The quality of images from an infrared (IR) microscope has traditionally been limited by considerations of throughput and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). An understanding of the achievable quality as a function of instrument parameters, from first principals is needed for improved instrument design. Here, we first present a model for light propagation through an IR spectroscopic imaging system based on scalar wave theory. The model analytically describes the propagation of light along the entire beam path from the source to the detector. The effect of various optical elements and the sample in the microscope is understood in terms of the accessible spatial frequencies by using a Fourier optics approach and simulations are conducted to gain insights into spectroscopic image formation. The optimal pixel size at the sample plane is calculated and shown much smaller than that in current mid-IR microscopy systems. A commercial imaging system is modified, and experimental data are presented to demonstrate the validity of the developed model. Building on this validated theoretical foundation, an optimal sampling configuration is set up. Acquired data were of high spatial quality but, as expected, of poorer SNR. Signal processing approaches were implemented to improve the spectral SNR. The resulting data demonstrated the ability to perform high-definition IR imaging in the laboratory by using minimally-modified commercial instruments.

Quartz crystal microbalance with coupled spectroscopic ellipsometry-study of temperature-responsive polymer brush systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adam, Stefan; Koenig, Meike; Rodenhausen, Keith Brian; Eichhorn, Klaus-Jochen; Oertel, Ulrich; Schubert, Mathias; Stamm, Manfred; Uhlmann, Petra

2017-11-01

Using a combined setup of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring together with spectroscopic ellipsometry, the thermo-responsive behavior of two different brush systems (poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) and poly(2-oxazoline)s) was investigated and compared to the behavior of the free polymer in solution. Poly(2-oxazoline)s with three different hydrophilicities were prepared by changing the content of a hydrophilic comonomer. While both polymer types exhibit a sharp, discontinuous thermal transition in solution, in the brush state the transition gets broader in the case of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) and is transformed into a continuous transition for poly(2-oxazoline)s. The position of the transition in solution is influenced by the degree of hydrophilicity of the poly(2-oxazoline). The difference in areal mass detected by quartz crystal microbalance and by spectroscopic ellipsometry, has been attributed to the chain segment density profile of the polymer brushes. Applying this density profile information, for poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) two different swelling stages could be identified, while for poly(2-oxazoline) the transition between a parabolic and more step-wise profile is found continuous. The different swelling characteristics were attributed to the different miscibility behavior types, with the brush state acting similar to a crosslinked system.

Nonlinear CARS measurement of nitrogen vibrational and rotational temperatures behind hypervelocity strong shock wave

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osada, Takashi; Endo, Youichi; Kanazawa, Chikara; Ota, Masanori; Maeno, Kazuo

2009-02-01

The hypervelocity strong shock waves are generated, when the space vehicles reenter the atmosphere from space. Behind the shock wave radiative and non-equilibrium flow is generated in front of the surface of the space vehicle. Many studies have been reported to investigate the phenomena for the aerospace exploit and reentry. The research information and data on the high temperature flows have been available to the rational heatproof design of the space vehicles. Recent development of measurement techniques with laser systems and photo-electronics now enables us to investigate the hypervelocity phenomena with greatly advanced accuracy. In this research strong shock waves are generated in low-density gas to simulate the reentry range gas flow with a free-piston double-diaphragm shock tube, and CARS (Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Spectroscopy) measurement method is applied to the hypervelocity flows behind the shock waves, where spectral signals of high space/time resolution are acquired. The CARS system consists of YAG and dye lasers, a spectroscope, and a CCD camera system. We obtain the CARS signal spectrum data by this special time-resolving experiment, and the vibrational and rotational temperatures of N2 are determined by fitting between the experimental spectroscopic profile data and theoretically estimated spectroscopic data.

Full-dimensional quantum mechanics calculations for the spectroscopic characterization of the isomerization transition states of HOCO/DOCO systems.

PubMed

Ma, Dandan; Ren, Haisheng; Ma, Jianyi

2018-02-14

Full-dimensional quantum mechanics calculations were performed to determine the vibrational energy levels of HOCO and DOCO based on an accurate potential energy surface. Almost all of the vibrational energy levels up to 3500 cm -1 from the vibrational ground state were assigned, and the calculated energy levels in this work are well in agreement with the reported results by Bowman. The corresponding full dimensional wavefunctions present some special features. When the energy level approaches the barrier height, the trans-HOCO and cis-HOCO states strongly couple through tunneling interactions, and the tunneling interaction and Fermi resonance were observed in the DOCO system. The energy level patterns of trans-HOCO, cis-HOCO and trans-DOCO provide a reasonable fitted barrier height using the fitting formula of Field et al., however, a discrepancy exists for the cis-DOCO species which is considered as a random event. Our full-dimensional calculations give positive evidence for the accuracy of the spectroscopic characterization model of the isomerization transition state reported by Field et al., which was developed from one-dimensional model systems. Furthermore, the special case of cis-DOCO in this work means that the isotopic substitution can solve the problem of the accidental failure of Field's spectroscopic characterization model.

Active in-database processing to support ambient assisted living systems.

PubMed

de Morais, Wagner O; Lundström, Jens; Wickström, Nicholas

2014-08-12

As an alternative to the existing software architectures that underpin the development of smart homes and ambient assisted living (AAL) systems, this work presents a database-centric architecture that takes advantage of active databases and in-database processing. Current platforms supporting AAL systems use database management systems (DBMSs) exclusively for data storage. Active databases employ database triggers to detect and react to events taking place inside or outside of the database. DBMSs can be extended with stored procedures and functions that enable in-database processing. This means that the data processing is integrated and performed within the DBMS. The feasibility and flexibility of the proposed approach were demonstrated with the implementation of three distinct AAL services. The active database was used to detect bed-exits and to discover common room transitions and deviations during the night. In-database machine learning methods were used to model early night behaviors. Consequently, active in-database processing avoids transferring sensitive data outside the database, and this improves performance, security and privacy. Furthermore, centralizing the computation into the DBMS facilitates code reuse, adaptation and maintenance. These are important system properties that take into account the evolving heterogeneity of users, their needs and the devices that are characteristic of smart homes and AAL systems. Therefore, DBMSs can provide capabilities to address requirements for scalability, security, privacy, dependability and personalization in applications of smart environments in healthcare.

Improved Information Retrieval Performance on SQL Database Using Data Adapter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Husni, M.; Djanali, S.; Ciptaningtyas, H. T.; Wicaksana, I. G. N. A.

2018-02-01

The NoSQL databases, short for Not Only SQL, are increasingly being used as the number of big data applications increases. Most systems still use relational databases (RDBs), but as the number of data increases each year, the system handles big data with NoSQL databases to analyze and access data more quickly. NoSQL emerged as a result of the exponential growth of the internet and the development of web applications. The query syntax in the NoSQL database differs from the SQL database, therefore requiring code changes in the application. Data adapter allow applications to not change their SQL query syntax. Data adapters provide methods that can synchronize SQL databases with NotSQL databases. In addition, the data adapter provides an interface which is application can access to run SQL queries. Hence, this research applied data adapter system to synchronize data between MySQL database and Apache HBase using direct access query approach, where system allows application to accept query while synchronization process in progress. From the test performed using data adapter, the results obtained that the data adapter can synchronize between SQL databases, MySQL, and NoSQL database, Apache HBase. This system spends the percentage of memory resources in the range of 40% to 60%, and the percentage of processor moving from 10% to 90%. In addition, from this system also obtained the performance of database NoSQL better than SQL database.

Active In-Database Processing to Support Ambient Assisted Living Systems

PubMed Central

de Morais, Wagner O.; Lundström, Jens; Wickström, Nicholas

2014-01-01

As an alternative to the existing software architectures that underpin the development of smart homes and ambient assisted living (AAL) systems, this work presents a database-centric architecture that takes advantage of active databases and in-database processing. Current platforms supporting AAL systems use database management systems (DBMSs) exclusively for data storage. Active databases employ database triggers to detect and react to events taking place inside or outside of the database. DBMSs can be extended with stored procedures and functions that enable in-database processing. This means that the data processing is integrated and performed within the DBMS. The feasibility and flexibility of the proposed approach were demonstrated with the implementation of three distinct AAL services. The active database was used to detect bed-exits and to discover common room transitions and deviations during the night. In-database machine learning methods were used to model early night behaviors. Consequently, active in-database processing avoids transferring sensitive data outside the database, and this improves performance, security and privacy. Furthermore, centralizing the computation into the DBMS facilitates code reuse, adaptation and maintenance. These are important system properties that take into account the evolving heterogeneity of users, their needs and the devices that are characteristic of smart homes and AAL systems. Therefore, DBMSs can provide capabilities to address requirements for scalability, security, privacy, dependability and personalization in applications of smart environments in healthcare. PMID:25120164

Raman spectroscopic detection and identification of Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei in feedstuff.

PubMed

Stöckel, Stephan; Meisel, Susann; Elschner, Mandy; Melzer, Falk; Rösch, Petra; Popp, Jürgen

2015-01-01

Burkholderia mallei (the etiologic agent of glanders in equines and rarely humans) and Burkholderia pseudomallei, causing melioidosis in humans and animals, are designated category B biothreat agents. The intrinsically high resistance of both agents to many antibiotics, their potential use as bioweapons, and their low infectious dose, necessitate the need for rapid and accurate detection methods. Current methods to identify these organisms may require up to 1 week, as they rely on phenotypic characteristics and an extensive set of biochemical reactions. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy, a cultivation-independent typing technique for single bacterial cells with the potential for being a rapid point-of-care analysis system, is evaluated to identify and differentiate B. mallei and B. pseudomallei within hours. Here, not only broth-cultured microbes but also bacteria isolated out of pelleted animal feedstuff were taken into account. A database of Raman spectra allowed a calculation of classification functions, which were trained to differentiate Raman spectra of not only both pathogens but also of five further Burkholderia spp. and four species of the closely related genus Pseudomonas. The developed two-stage classification system comprising two support vector machine (SVM) classifiers was then challenged by a test set of 11 samples to simulate the case of a real-world-scenario, when "unknown samples" are to be identified. In the end, all test set samples were identified correctly, even if the contained bacterial strains were not incorporated in the database before or were isolated out of animal feedstuff. Specifically, the five test samples bearing B. mallei and B. pseudomallei were correctly identified on species level with accuracies between 93.9 and 98.7%. The sample analysis itself requires no biomass enrichment step prior to the analysis and can be performed under biosafety level 1 (BSL 1) conditions after inactivating the bacteria with formaldehyde.

The Gaia-ESO Survey: double-, triple-, and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Merle, T.; Van Eck, S.; Jorissen, A.; Van der Swaelmen, M.; Masseron, T.; Zwitter, T.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Klutsch, A.; Pourbaix, D.; Blomme, R.; Worley, C. C.; Sacco, G.; Lewis, J.; Abia, C.; Traven, G.; Sordo, R.; Bragaglia, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Pancino, E.; Damiani, F.; Hourihane, A.; Gilmore, G.; Randich, S.; Koposov, S.; Casey, A.; Morbidelli, L.; Franciosini, E.; Magrini, L.; Jofre, P.; Costado, M. T.; Jeffries, R. D.; Bergemann, M.; Lanzafame, A. C.; Bayo, A.; Carraro, G.; Flaccomio, E.; Monaco, L.; Zaggia, S.

2017-12-01

Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a large spectroscopic survey that provides a unique opportunity to study the distribution of spectroscopic multiple systems among different populations of the Galaxy. Aims: Our aim is to detect binarity/multiplicity for stars targeted by the GES from the analysis of the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of the GES spectra with spectral templates. Methods: We developed a method based on the computation of the CCF successive derivatives to detect multiple peaks and determine their radial velocities, even when the peaks are strongly blended. The parameters of the detection of extrema (DOE) code have been optimized for each GES GIRAFFE and UVES setup to maximize detection. The DOE code therefore allows to automatically detect multiple line spectroscopic binaries (SBn, n ≥ 2). Results: We apply this method on the fourth GES internal data release and detect 354 SBn candidates (342 SB2, 11 SB3, and even one SB4), including only nine SBs known in the literature. This implies that about 98% of these SBn candidates are new because of their faint visual magnitude that can reach V = 19. Visual inspection of the SBn candidate spectra reveals that the most probable candidates have indeed a composite spectrum. Among the SB2 candidates, an orbital solution could be computed for two previously unknown binaries: CNAME 06404608+0949173 (known as V642 Mon) in NGC 2264 and CNAME 19013257-0027338 in Berkeley 81 (Be 81). A detailed analysis of the unique SB4 (four peaks in the CCF) reveals that CNAME 08414659-5303449 (HD 74438) in the open cluster IC 2391 is a physically bound stellar quadruple system. The SB candidates belonging to stellar clusters are reviewed in detail to discard false detections. We suggest that atmospheric parameters should not be used for these system components; SB-specific pipelines should be used instead. Conclusions: Our implementation of an automatic detection of spectroscopic binaries within the GES has allowed the efficient discovery of many new multiple systems. With the detection of the SB1 candidates that will be the subject of a forthcoming paper, the study of the statistical and physical properties of the spectroscopic multiple systems will soon be possible for the entire GES sample. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 188.B-3002. These data products have been processed by the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU) at the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, and by the FLAMES/UVES reduction team at INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri. These data have been obtained from the Gaia-ESO Survey Data Archive, prepared and hosted by the Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, which is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.

SDSS-IV MaNGA: the spectroscopic discovery of strongly lensed galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Talbot, Michael S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Bolton, Adam S.; Bundy, Kevin; Andrews, Brett H.; Cherinka, Brian; Collett, Thomas E.; More, Anupreeta; More, Surhud; Sonnenfeld, Alessandro; Vegetti, Simona; Wake, David A.; Weijmans, Anne-Marie; Westfall, Kyle B.

2018-06-01

We present a catalogue of 38 spectroscopically detected strong galaxy-galaxy gravitational lens candidates identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). We were able to simulate narrow-band images for eight of them demonstrating evidence of multiple images. Two of our systems are compound lens candidates, each with two background source-planes. One of these compound systems shows clear lensing features in the narrow-band image. Our sample is based on 2812 galaxies observed by the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) integral field unit (IFU). This Spectroscopic Identification of Lensing Objects (SILO) survey extends the methodology of the Sloan Lens ACS Survey (SLACS) and BOSS Emission-Line Survey (BELLS) to lower redshift and multiple IFU spectra. We searched ˜1.5 million spectra, of which 3065 contained multiple high signal-to-noise ratio background emission-lines or a resolved [O II] doublet, that are included in this catalogue. Upon manual inspection, we discovered regions with multiple spectra containing background emission-lines at the same redshift, providing evidence of a common source-plane geometry which was not possible in previous SLACS and BELLS discovery programs. We estimate more than half of our candidates have an Einstein radius ≳ 1.7 arcsec, which is significantly greater than seen in SLACS and BELLS. These larger Einstein radii produce more extended images of the background galaxy increasing the probability that a background emission-line will enter one of the IFU spectroscopic fibres, making detection more likely.

Comparing the MRI-based Goutallier Classification to an experimental quantitative MR spectroscopic fat measurement of the supraspinatus muscle.

PubMed

Gilbert, Fabian; Böhm, Dirk; Eden, Lars; Schmalzl, Jonas; Meffert, Rainer H; Köstler, Herbert; Weng, Andreas M; Ziegler, Dirk

2016-08-22

The Goutallier Classification is a semi quantitative classification system to determine the amount of fatty degeneration in rotator cuff muscles. Although initially proposed for axial computer tomography scans it is currently applied to magnet-resonance-imaging-scans. The role for its clinical use is controversial, as the reliability of the classification has been shown to be inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to compare the semi quantitative MRI-based Goutallier Classification applied by 5 different raters to experimental MR spectroscopic quantitative fat measurement in order to determine the correlation between this classification system and the true extent of fatty degeneration shown by spectroscopy. MRI-scans of 42 patients with rotator cuff tears were examined by 5 shoulder surgeons and were graduated according to the MRI-based Goutallier Classification proposed by Fuchs et al. Additionally the fat/water ratio was measured with MR spectroscopy using the experimental SPLASH technique. The semi quantitative grading according to the Goutallier Classification was statistically correlated with the quantitative measured fat/water ratio using Spearman's rank correlation. Statistical analysis of the data revealed only fair correlation of the Goutallier Classification system and the quantitative fat/water ratio with R = 0.35 (p < 0.05). By dichotomizing the scale the correlation was 0.72. The interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities were substantial with R = 0.62 and R = 0.74 (p < 0.01). The correlation between the semi quantitative MRI based Goutallier Classification system and MR spectroscopic fat measurement is weak. As an adequate estimation of fatty degeneration based on standard MRI may not be possible, quantitative methods need to be considered in order to increase diagnostic safety and thus provide patients with ideal care in regard to the amount of fatty degeneration. Spectroscopic MR measurement may increase the accuracy of the Goutallier classification and thus improve the prediction of clinical results after rotator cuff repair. However, these techniques are currently only available in an experimental setting.

78 FR 2363 - Notification of Deletion of a System of Records; Automated Trust Funds Database

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-11

... Database AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice of deletion of a system... establishing the Automated Trust Funds (ATF) database system of records. The Federal Information Security... Integrity Act of 1982, Public Law 97-255, provided authority for the system. The ATF database has been...

The Character and Variability of the Eta Carinae Wind Lines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nielsen, K. E.; Corcoran, M. F.; Gull, T. R.; Ivarsson, S.; Hillier, J. D.

2006-01-01

The binarity of Eta Carinae has been debated for a long time. We have searched for more evidence for a companion star in a spectroscopic investigation of the Eta Carinae stellar wind lines, using moderate spectral and high angular resolution HST/STIS data. Over Eta Carinae's 5.54 year spectroscopic period many of the observable wind lines in the NUV/Optical spectral region exhibit peculiar line profiles with unusual velocity shifts relative to the system velocity. Some of the lines are exclusively blue-shifted over the entire cycle. Their ionization/excitation imply formation not in the stellar wind but rather in the interface between the two massive stars. We have analyzed velocity and intensity variations over the spectroscopic period and interpreted what the variations tell us about the geometry of the nebular structure close to Eta Carinae.

Spectroscopic characterization of low dose rate brachytherapy sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beach, Stephen M.

The low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy seeds employed in permanent radioactive-source implant treatments usually use one of two radionuclides, 125I or 103Pd. The theoretically expected source spectroscopic output from these sources can be obtained via Monte Carlo calculation based upon seed dimensions and materials as well as the bare-source photon emissions for that specific radionuclide. However the discrepancies resulting from inconsistent manufacturing of sources in comparison to each other within model groups and simplified Monte Carlo calculational geometries ultimately result in undesirably large uncertainties in the Monte Carlo calculated values. This dissertation describes experimentally attained spectroscopic outputs of the clinically used brachytherapy sources in air and in liquid water. Such knowledge can then be applied to characterize these sources by a more fundamental and metro logically-pure classification, that of energy-based dosimetry. The spectroscopic results contained within this dissertation can be utilized in the verification and benchmarking of Monte Carlo calculational models of these brachytherapy sources. This body of work was undertaken to establish a usable spectroscopy system and analysis methods for the meaningful study of LDR brachytherapy seeds. The development of a correction algorithm and the analysis of the resultant spectroscopic measurements are presented. The characterization of the spectrometer and the subsequent deconvolution of the measured spectrum to obtain the true spectrum free of any perturbations caused by the spectrometer itself is an important contribution of this work. The approach of spectroscopic deconvolution that was applied in this work is derived in detail and it is applied to the physical measurements. In addition, the spectroscopically based analogs to the LDR dosimetry parameters that are currently employed are detailed, as well as the development of the theory and measurement methods to arrive at these analogs. Several dosimetrically-relevant water-equivalent plastics were also investigated for their transmission properties within a liquid water environment, as well as in air. The framework for the accurate spectrometry of LDR sources is established as a result of this dissertation work. In addition to the measurement and analysis methods, this work presents the basic measured spectroscopic characteristics of each LDR seed currently in use in the clinic today.

An Overview of the Evolution of Infrared Spectroscopy Applied to Bacterial Typing.

PubMed

Quintelas, Cristina; Ferreira, Eugénio C; Lopes, João A; Sousa, Clara

2018-01-01

The sustained emergence of new declared bacterial species makes typing a continuous challenge for microbiologists. Molecular biology techniques have a very significant role in the context of bacterial typing, but they are often very laborious, time consuming, and eventually fail when dealing with very closely related species. Spectroscopic-based techniques appear in some situations as a viable alternative to molecular methods with advantages in terms of analysis time and cost. Infrared and mass spectrometry are among the most exploited techniques in this context: particularly, infrared spectroscopy emerged as a very promising method with multiple reported successful applications. This article presents a systematic review on infrared spectroscopy applications for bacterial typing, highlighting fundamental aspects of infrared spectroscopy, a detailed literature review (covering different taxonomic levels and bacterial species), advantages, and limitations of the technique over molecular biology methods and a comparison with other competing spectroscopic techniques such as MALDI-TOF MS, Raman, and intrinsic fluorescence. Infrared spectroscopy possesses a high potential for bacterial typing at distinct taxonomic levels and worthy of further developments and systematization. The development of databases appears fundamental toward the establishment of infrared spectroscopy as a viable method for bacterial typing. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Estimation of distances to stars with stellar parameters from LAMOST

DOE PAGES

Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Liu, Chao; Newberg, Heidi Jo; ...

2015-06-05

Here, we present a method to estimate distances to stars with spectroscopically derived stellar parameters. The technique is a Bayesian approach with likelihood estimated via comparison of measured parameters to a grid of stellar isochrones, and returns a posterior probability density function for each star's absolute magnitude. We tailor this technique specifically to data from the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey. Because LAMOST obtains roughly 3000 stellar spectra simultaneously within each ~5-degree diameter "plate" that is observed, we can use the stellar parameters of the observed stars to account for the stellar luminosity function and targetmore » selection effects. This removes biasing assumptions about the underlying populations, both due to predictions of the luminosity function from stellar evolution modeling, and from Galactic models of stellar populations along each line of sight. Using calibration data of stars with known distances and stellar parameters, we show that our method recovers distances for most stars within ~20%, but with some systematic overestimation of distances to halo giants. We apply our code to the LAMOST database, and show that the current precision of LAMOST stellar parameters permits measurements of distances with ~40% error bars. This precision should improve as the LAMOST data pipelines continue to be refined.« less

Estimation of distances to stars with stellar parameters from LAMOST

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Liu, Chao; Newberg, Heidi Jo

Here, we present a method to estimate distances to stars with spectroscopically derived stellar parameters. The technique is a Bayesian approach with likelihood estimated via comparison of measured parameters to a grid of stellar isochrones, and returns a posterior probability density function for each star's absolute magnitude. We tailor this technique specifically to data from the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey. Because LAMOST obtains roughly 3000 stellar spectra simultaneously within each ~5-degree diameter "plate" that is observed, we can use the stellar parameters of the observed stars to account for the stellar luminosity function and targetmore » selection effects. This removes biasing assumptions about the underlying populations, both due to predictions of the luminosity function from stellar evolution modeling, and from Galactic models of stellar populations along each line of sight. Using calibration data of stars with known distances and stellar parameters, we show that our method recovers distances for most stars within ~20%, but with some systematic overestimation of distances to halo giants. We apply our code to the LAMOST database, and show that the current precision of LAMOST stellar parameters permits measurements of distances with ~40% error bars. This precision should improve as the LAMOST data pipelines continue to be refined.« less

Optical frequency comb Fourier transform spectroscopy with sub-nominal resolution and precision beyond the Voigt profile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rutkowski, Lucile; Masłowski, Piotr; Johansson, Alexandra C.; Khodabakhsh, Amir; Foltynowicz, Aleksandra

2018-01-01

Broadband precision spectroscopy is indispensable for providing high fidelity molecular parameters for spectroscopic databases. We have recently shown that mechanical Fourier transform spectrometers based on optical frequency combs can measure broadband high-resolution molecular spectra undistorted by the instrumental line shape (ILS) and with a highly precise frequency scale provided by the comb. The accurate measurement of the power of the comb modes interacting with the molecular sample was achieved by acquiring single-burst interferograms with nominal resolution matched to the comb mode spacing. Here we describe in detail the experimental and numerical steps needed to achieve sub-nominal resolution and retrieve ILS-free molecular spectra, i.e. with ILS-induced distortion below the noise level. We investigate the accuracy of the transition line centers retrieved by fitting to the absorption lines measured using this method. We verify the performance by measuring an ILS-free cavity-enhanced low-pressure spectrum of the 3ν1 + ν3 band of CO2 around 1575 nm with line widths narrower than the nominal resolution. We observe and quantify collisional narrowing of absorption line shape, for the first time with a comb-based spectroscopic technique. Thus retrieval of line shape parameters with accuracy not limited by the Voigt profile is now possible for entire absorption bands acquired simultaneously.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Spitzer MIR AGN survey. I. (Lacy+, 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lacy, M.; Ridgway, S. E.; Gates, E. L.; Nielsen, D. M.; Petric, A. O.; Sajina, A.; Urrutia, T.; Cox Drews, S.; Harrison, C.; Seymour, N.; Storrie-Lombardi, L. J.

2013-10-01

A wide range of optical facilities and instruments were used for spectroscopic follow-up of our AGN candidates. Most of the bright samples were followed up with 3-5m telescopes and longslit spectroscopy (Hale with COSMIC, SOAR with Goodman, and Shane with Kast), whereas the fainter samples were followed up with multifiber and/or 6-8m class telescopes (Blanco with Hydra, MMT with Hectospec, and Gemini-South with GMOS (program GS-2008B-C4)). We also obtained spectra of some of the bright candidates with a successful poor weather (scheduling band 4) program at Gemini-South (program GS-2008B-Q86). Some objects had spectra available in archives from the SDSS, 2dF, (Colless et al. 2001, Cat. VII/250) or 6dF (Jones et al. 2009, Cat. VII/259) surveys and some have redshifts and classifications in the literature, all found using the NASA Extragalactic Database (NED). Table 2 gives details of the spectroscopic observations or literature references as appropriate. For some high-redshift candidates with ambiguous or low signal-to-noise optical spectra, we were able to obtain near-infrared spectra with the IRTF using SpeX (2007 June), Gemini with NIRI (program GN2009B-C-8), and Triplespec (2008 July and 2011 July) on Palomar. (5 data files).

Infrared Spectroscopy of Star Formation in Galactic and Extragalactic Regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frogel, Jay (Technical Monitor); Smith, Howard A.

2004-01-01

In this program we proposed to perform a series of spectroscopic studies, including data analysis and modeling, of star formation regions using an ensemble of archival space-based data from the Infrared Space Observatory's Long Wavelength Spectrometer and Short Wavelength Spectrometer, and to take advantage of other spectroscopic databases including the first results from SIRTF. Our empha- sis has been on star formation in external, bright IR galaxies, but other areas of research have in- cluded young, low or high mass pre-main sequence stars in star formation regions, and the galactic center. The OH lines in the far infrared were proposed as one key focus of this inquiry because the Principal Investigator (H. Smith) had a full set of OH IR lines from IS0 observations. It was planned that during the proposed 2-1/2 year timeframe of the proposal other data (including perhaps from SIRTF) would become available, and we intended to be responsive to these and other such spec- troscopic data sets. Three papers are included:The Infrared Lines of OH: Diagnostics of Molecular Cloud Conditions in Infrared Bright Galaxies; The Far-Infrared Spectrum of Arp 220; andThe Far-Infrared Emission Line and Continuum Spectrum of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068.

Accurate ab initio dipole moment surfaces of ozone: First principle intensity predictions for rotationally resolved spectra in a large range of overtone and combination bands.

PubMed

Tyuterev, Vladimir G; Kochanov, Roman V; Tashkun, Sergey A

2017-02-14

Ab initio dipole moment surfaces (DMSs) of the ozone molecule are computed using the MRCI-SD method with AVQZ, AV5Z, and VQZ-F12 basis sets on a dense grid of about 1950 geometrical configurations. The analytical DMS representation used for the fit of ab initio points provides better behavior for large nuclear displacements than that of previous studies. Various DMS models were derived and tested. Vibration-rotation line intensities of 16 O 3 were calculated from these ab initio surfaces by the variational method using two different potential functions determined in our previous works. For the first time, a very good agreement of first principle calculations with the experiment was obtained for the line-by-line intensities in rotationally resolved ozone spectra in a large far- and mid-infrared range. This includes high overtone and combination bands up to ΔV = 6. A particular challenge was a correct description of the B-type bands (even ΔV 3 values) that represented major difficulties for the previous ab initio investigations and for the empirical spectroscopic models. The major patterns of various B-type bands were correctly described without empirically adjusted dipole moment parameters. For the 10 μm range, which is of key importance for the atmospheric ozone retrievals, our ab initio intensity results are within the experimental error margins. The theoretical values for the strongest lines of the ν 3 band lie in general between two successive versions of HITRAN (HIgh-resolution molecular TRANsmission) empirical database that corresponded to most extended available sets of observations. The overall qualitative agreement in a large wavenumber range for rotationally resolved cold and hot ozone bands up to about 6000 cm -1 is achieved here for the first time. These calculations reveal that several weak bands are yet missing from available spectroscopic databases.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Partition functions for molecules and atoms (Barklem+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barklem, P. S.; Collet, R.

2016-02-01

The results and input data are presented in the following files. Table 1 contains dissociation energies from the literature, and final adopted values, for 291 molecules. The literature values are from the compilations of Huber & Herzberg (1979, Constants of Diatomic Molecules (Van Nostrand Reinhold), Luo (2007, Comprehensive Handbook of Chemical Bond Energies (CRC Press)) and G2 theory calculations of Curtiss et al. (1991, J. Chem. Phys., 94, 7221). Table 2 contains the input data for the molecular calculations including adopted dissociation energy, nuclear spins, molecular spectroscopic constants and their sources. There are 291 files, one for each molecule, labelled by the molecule name. The various molecular spectroscopic constants are as defined in the paper. Table 4 contains the first, second and third ionisation energies for all chemical elements from H to U. The data comes from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Haynes, W.M. 2010, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 91st edn. (CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group)). Table 5a contains a list of keys to bibliographic references for the atomic energy level data that was extracted from NIST Atomic Spectra Database and used in the present work to compute atomic partition functions. The citation keys are abbreviations of the full bibliographic references which are made available in Table 5b in BibTeX format. Table 5b contains the full bibliographic references for the atomic energy level data that was extracted from the NIST Atomic Spectra Database. Table 6 contains tabulated partition function data as a function of temperature for 291 molecules. Table 7 contains tabulated equilibrium constant data as a function of temperature for 291 molecules. Table 8 contains tabulated partition function data as a function of temperature for 284 atoms and ions. The paper should be consulted for further details. (10 data files).

[The future of clinical laboratory database management system].

PubMed

Kambe, M; Imidy, D; Matsubara, A; Sugimoto, Y

1999-09-01

To assess the present status of the clinical laboratory database management system, the difference between the Clinical Laboratory Information System and Clinical Laboratory System was explained in this study. Although three kinds of database management systems (DBMS) were shown including the relational model, tree model and network model, the relational model was found to be the best DBMS for the clinical laboratory database based on our experience and developments of some clinical laboratory expert systems. As a future clinical laboratory database management system, the IC card system connected to an automatic chemical analyzer was proposed for personal health data management and a microscope/video system was proposed for dynamic data management of leukocytes or bacteria.

From Hipparcos to Gaia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eyer, L.; Dubath, P.; Saesen, S.; Evans, D. W.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Hodgkin, S.; Mowlavi, N.

2012-04-01

The measurement of the positions, distances, motions and luminosities of stars represents the foundations of modern astronomical knowledge. Launched at the end of the eighties, the ESA Hipparcos satellite was the first space mission dedicated to such measurements. Hipparcos improved position accuracies by a factor of 100 compared to typical ground-based results and provided astrometric and photometric multi-epoch observations of 118,000 stars over the entire sky. The impact of Hipparcos on astrophysics has been extremely valuable and diverse. Building on this important European success, the ESA Gaia cornerstone mission promises an even more impressive advance. Compared to Hipparcos, it will bring a gain of a factor 50 to 100 in position accuracy and of a factor of 10,000 in star number, collecting photometric, spectrophotometric and spectroscopic data for one billion celestial objects. During its 5-year flight, Gaia will measure objects repeatedly, up to a few hundred times, providing an unprecedented database to study the variability of all types of celestial objects. Gaia will bring outstanding contributions, directly or indirectly, to most fields of research in astrophysics, such as the study of our Galaxy and of its stellar constituents, and the search for planets outside the solar system.

Experimental Verification of the Individual Energy Dependencies of the Partial L-Shell Photoionization Cross Sections of Pd and Mo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hönicke, Philipp; Kolbe, Michael; Müller, Matthias; Mantler, Michael; Krämer, Markus; Beckhoff, Burkhard

2014-10-01

An experimental method for the verification of the individually different energy dependencies of L1-, L2-, and L3- subshell photoionization cross sections is described. The results obtained for Pd and Mo are well in line with theory regarding both energy dependency and absolute values, and confirm the theoretically calculated cross sections by Scofield from the early 1970 s and, partially, more recent data by Trzhaskovskaya, Nefedov, and Yarzhemsky. The data also demonstrate the questionability of quantitative x-ray spectroscopical results based on the widely used fixed jump ratio approximated cross sections with energy independent ratios. The experiments are carried out by employing the radiometrically calibrated instrumentation of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt at the electron storage ring BESSY II in Berlin; the obtained fluorescent intensities are thereby calibrated at an absolute level in reference to the International System of Units. Experimentally determined fixed fluorescence line ratios for each subshell are used for a reliable deconvolution of overlapping fluorescence lines. The relevant fundamental parameters of Mo and Pd are also determined experimentally in order to calculate the subshell photoionization cross sections independently of any database.

Mineral and Geochemical Classification From Spectroscopy/Diffraction Through Neural Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferralis, N.; Grossman, J.; Summons, R. E.

2017-12-01

Spectroscopy and diffraction techniques are essential for understanding structural, chemical and functional properties of geological materials for Earth and Planetary Sciences. Beyond data collection, quantitative insight relies on experimentally assembled, or computationally derived spectra. Inference on the geochemical or geophysical properties (such as crystallographic order, chemical functionality, elemental composition, etc.) of a particular geological material (mineral, organic matter, etc.) is based on fitting unknown spectra and comparing the fit with consolidated databases. The complexity of fitting highly convoluted spectra, often limits the ability to infer geochemical characteristics, and limits the throughput for extensive datasets. With the emergence of heuristic approaches to pattern recognitions though machine learning, in this work we investigate the possibility and potential of using supervised neural networks trained on available public spectroscopic database to directly infer geochemical parameters from unknown spectra. Using Raman, infrared spectroscopy and powder x-ray diffraction from the publicly available RRUFF database, we train neural network models to classify mineral and organic compounds (pure or mixtures) based on crystallographic structure from diffraction, chemical functionality, elemental composition and bonding from spectroscopy. As expected, the accuracy of the inference is strongly dependent on the quality and extent of the training data. We will identify a series of requirements and guidelines for the training dataset needed to achieve consistent high accuracy inference, along with methods to compensate for limited of data.

The Data Base and Decision Making in Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hedges, William D.

1984-01-01

Describes generic types of databases--file management systems, relational database management systems, and network/hierarchical database management systems--with their respective strengths and weaknesses; discusses factors to be considered in determining whether a database is desirable; and provides evaluative criteria for use in choosing…

23 CFR 972.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for... systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database...

23 CFR 972.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for... systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database...

23 CFR 972.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for... systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database...

23 CFR 972.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for... systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database...

Advanced transportation system studies. Alternate propulsion subsystem concepts: Propulsion database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Levack, Daniel

1993-01-01

The Advanced Transportation System Studies alternate propulsion subsystem concepts propulsion database interim report is presented. The objective of the database development task is to produce a propulsion database which is easy to use and modify while also being comprehensive in the level of detail available. The database is to be available on the Macintosh computer system. The task is to extend across all three years of the contract. Consequently, a significant fraction of the effort in this first year of the task was devoted to the development of the database structure to ensure a robust base for the following years' efforts. Nonetheless, significant point design propulsion system descriptions and parametric models were also produced. Each of the two propulsion databases, parametric propulsion database and propulsion system database, are described. The descriptions include a user's guide to each code, write-ups for models used, and sample output. The parametric database has models for LOX/H2 and LOX/RP liquid engines, solid rocket boosters using three different propellants, a hybrid rocket booster, and a NERVA derived nuclear thermal rocket engine.

Inventory of gas flux measurements from volcanoes of the global Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change (NOVAC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galle, B.; Arellano, S.; Norman, P.; Conde, V.

2012-04-01

NOVAC, the Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change, was initiated in 2005 as a 5-year-long project financed by the European Union. Its main purpose is to create a global network for the monitoring and research of volcanic atmospheric plumes and related geophysical phenomena by using state-of-the-art spectroscopic remote sensing technology. Up to 2012, 64 instruments have been installed at 24 volcanoes in 13 countries of Latin America, Italy, Democratic Republic of Congo, Reunion, Iceland, and Philippines, and efforts are being done to expand the network to other active volcanic zones. NOVAC has been a pioneer initiative in the community of volcanologists and embraces the objectives of the Word Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). In this contribution, we present the results of the measurements of SO2 gas fluxes carried out within NOVAC, which for some volcanoes represent a record of more than 7 years of continuous monitoring. The network comprises some of the most strongly degassing volcanoes in the world, covering a broad range of tectonic settings, levels of unrest, and potential risk. We show a global perspective of the output of volcanic gas from the covered regions, specific trends of degassing for a few selected volcanoes, and the significance of the database for further studies in volcanology and other geosciences.

Spectroscopic characterization of sixteenth century panel painting references using Raman, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and helium-Raman system for in situ analysis of Ibero-American Colonial paintings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Bucio, María Angélica; Casanova-González, Edgar; Ruvalcaba-Sil, José Luis; Arroyo-Lemus, Elsa; Mitrani-Viggiano, Alejandro

2016-12-01

Colonial panel paintings constitute an essential part of Latin-American cultural heritage. Their study is vital for understanding the manufacturing process, including its evolution in history, as well as its authorship, dating and other information significant to art history and conservation purposes. Raman spectroscopy supplies a non-destructive characterization tool, which can be implemented for in situ analysis, via portable equipment. Specific methodologies must be developed, comprising the elaboration of reference panel paintings using techniques and materials similar to those of the analysed period, as well as the determination of the best analysis conditions for different pigments and ground preparations. In order to do so, Raman spectroscopy at 532, 785 and 1064 nm, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and a helium-Raman system were applied to a panel painting reference, in combination with X-ray fluorescence analysis. We were able to establish the analysis conditions for a number of sixteenth century pigments and dyes, and other relevant components of panel paintings from this period, 1064 nm Raman and SERS being the most successful. The acquired spectra contain valuable specific information for their identification and they conform a very useful database that can be applied to the analysis of Ibero-American Colonial paintings. This article is part of the themed issue "Raman spectroscopy in art and archaeology".

Overview of gas flux measurements from volcanoes of the global Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change (NOVAC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galle, Bo; Arellano, Santiago; Conde, Vladimir

2015-04-01

NOVAC, the Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change, was initiated in 2005 as a 5-years-long project financed by the European Union. Its main purpose is to create a global network for the study of volcanic atmospheric plumes and related geophysical phenomena by using state-of-the-art spectroscopic remote sensing technology. Up to 2014, 67 instruments have been installed at 25 volcanoes in 13 countries of Latin America, Italy, Democratic Republic of Congo, Reunion, Iceland, and Philippines, and efforts are being done to expand the network to other active volcanic zones. NOVAC has been a pioneer initiative in the community of volcanologists and embraces the objectives of the Word Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). In this contribution, we present the results of the measurements of SO2 gas fluxes carried out within NOVAC, which for some volcanoes represent a record of more than 8 years of semi-continuous monitoring. The network comprises some of the most strongly degassing volcanoes in the world, covering a broad range of tectonic settings, levels of unrest, and potential risk. Examples of correlations with seismicity and other geophysical phenomena, environmental impact studies and comparisons with previous global estimates will be discussed as well as the significance of the database for further studies in volcanology and other geosciences.

Discovery of the Lensed Quasar System DES J0408-5354

DOE PAGES

Lin, H.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Agnello, A.; ...

2017-03-27

We report the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation of the quad-like lensed quasar system DES J0408-5354 found in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) data. This system was discovered during a search for DES Y1 strong lensing systems using a method that identified candidates as red galaxies with multiple blue neighbors. DES J0408-5354 consists of a central red galaxy surrounded by three bright (more » $$i\\lt 20$$) blue objects and a fourth red object. Subsequent spectroscopic observations using the Gemini South telescope confirmed that the three blue objects are indeed the lensed images of a quasar with redshift z = 2.375, and that the central red object is an early-type lensing galaxy with redshift z = 0.597. DES J0408-5354 is the first quad lensed quasar system to be found in DES and begins to demonstrate the potential of DES to discover and dramatically increase the sample size of these very rare objects.« less

Discovery of the Lensed Quasar System DES J0408-5354

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, H.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Agnello, A.

We report the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation of the quad-like lensed quasar system DES J0408-5354 found in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) data. This system was discovered during a search for DES Y1 strong lensing systems using a method that identified candidates as red galaxies with multiple blue neighbors. DES J0408-5354 consists of a central red galaxy surrounded by three bright (more » $$i\\lt 20$$) blue objects and a fourth red object. Subsequent spectroscopic observations using the Gemini South telescope confirmed that the three blue objects are indeed the lensed images of a quasar with redshift z = 2.375, and that the central red object is an early-type lensing galaxy with redshift z = 0.597. DES J0408-5354 is the first quad lensed quasar system to be found in DES and begins to demonstrate the potential of DES to discover and dramatically increase the sample size of these very rare objects.« less

Mauna Kea Observatory infrared observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jefferies, J. T.

1974-01-01

Galactic and solar system infrared observations are reported using a broad variety of radiometric and spectroscopic instrumentation. Infrared programs and papers published during this period are listed.

47 CFR 52.101 - General definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Center (“NASC”). The entity that provides user support for the Service Management System database and administers the Service Management System database on a day-to-day basis. (b) Responsible Organization (“Resp... regional databases in the toll free network. (d) Service Management System Database (“SMS Database”). The...

47 CFR 52.101 - General definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Center (“NASC”). The entity that provides user support for the Service Management System database and administers the Service Management System database on a day-to-day basis. (b) Responsible Organization (“Resp... regional databases in the toll free network. (d) Service Management System Database (“SMS Database”). The...

47 CFR 52.101 - General definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Center (“NASC”). The entity that provides user support for the Service Management System database and administers the Service Management System database on a day-to-day basis. (b) Responsible Organization (“Resp... regional databases in the toll free network. (d) Service Management System Database (“SMS Database”). The...

47 CFR 52.101 - General definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Center (“NASC”). The entity that provides user support for the Service Management System database and administers the Service Management System database on a day-to-day basis. (b) Responsible Organization (“Resp... regional databases in the toll free network. (d) Service Management System Database (“SMS Database”). The...

47 CFR 52.101 - General definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Center (“NASC”). The entity that provides user support for the Service Management System database and administers the Service Management System database on a day-to-day basis. (b) Responsible Organization (“Resp... regional databases in the toll free network. (d) Service Management System Database (“SMS Database”). The...

Spectroscopic orbits of nearby solar-type dwarfs - II.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gorynya, N. A.; Tokovinin, A.

2018-03-01

Several nearby solar-type dwarfs with variable radial velocity were monitored to find their spectroscopic orbits. First orbital elements of 15 binaries (HIP 12144, 17895, 27970, 32329, 38636, 39072, 40479, 43004, 73700, 79234, 84696, 92140, 88656, 104514, and 112222) are determined. The previously known orbits of HIP 5276, 21443, 28678, and 41214 are confirmed and updated. The orbital periods range from 2 d to 4 yr. There are eight hierarchical systems with additional distant companions among those 19 stars. The outer visual orbit of the triple system HIP 17895 is updated and the masses of all its components are estimated. We provide radial velocities of another 16 Hipparcos stars without orbital solutions, some of those with long periods or false claims of variability.

The first orbital solution for the massive colliding-wind binary HD 93162 (≡ WR 25)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gamen, R.; Gosset, E.; Morrell, N. I.; Niemela, V. S.; Sana, H.; Nazé, Y.; Rauw, G.; Barbá, R. H.; Solivella, G. R.

2008-08-01

Since the discovery, with EINSTEIN, of strong X-ray emission associated with HD 93162, this object was recurrently predicted by some authors to be a colliding-wind binary system. However, radial-velocity variations that would prove the suspected binary nature have never been found so far. We spectroscopically monitored this object in order to investigate its possible variability and to provide an answer to the above-mentioned discordance. We derived radial velocities from spectroscopic data acquired mainly between 1994 and 2006, and searched for periodicities. For the first time, periodic radial-velocity variations are detected. Our analysis definitively shows that the Wolf-Rayet star WR 25 is actually an eccentric binary system with a probable period of about 208 days.

Spectroscopic observations of V443 Herculis - A symbiotic binary with a low mass white dwarf

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dobrzycka, Danuta; Kenyon, Scott J.; Mikolajewska, Joanna

1993-01-01

We present an analysis of new and existing photometric and spectroscopic observations of the symbiotic binary V443 Herculis. This binary system consists of a normal M5 giant and a hot compact star. These two objects have comparable luminosities: about 1500 solar for the M5 giant and about 1000 solar for the compact star. We identify three nebular regions in this binary: a small, highly ionized volume surrounding the hot component, a modestly ionized shell close to the red giant photosphere, and a less dense region of intermediate ionization encompassing both binary components. The system parameters for V443 Her suggest the hot component currently declines from a symbiotic nova eruption.

Computer Science Research in Europe.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-08-29

most attention, multi- database and its structure, and (3) the dependencies between databases Distributed Systems and multi- databases . Having...completed a multi- database Newcastle University, UK system for distributed data management, At the University of Newcastle the INRIA is now working on a real...communications re- INRIA quirements of distributed database A project called SIRIUS was estab- systems, protocols for checking the lished in 1977 at the

Database systems for knowledge-based discovery.

PubMed

Jagarlapudi, Sarma A R P; Kishan, K V Radha

2009-01-01

Several database systems have been developed to provide valuable information from the bench chemist to biologist, medical practitioner to pharmaceutical scientist in a structured format. The advent of information technology and computational power enhanced the ability to access large volumes of data in the form of a database where one could do compilation, searching, archiving, analysis, and finally knowledge derivation. Although, data are of variable types the tools used for database creation, searching and retrieval are similar. GVK BIO has been developing databases from publicly available scientific literature in specific areas like medicinal chemistry, clinical research, and mechanism-based toxicity so that the structured databases containing vast data could be used in several areas of research. These databases were classified as reference centric or compound centric depending on the way the database systems were designed. Integration of these databases with knowledge derivation tools would enhance the value of these systems toward better drug design and discovery.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heller, Forrest D.; Casella, Amanda J.; Lumetta, Gregg J.

A Lewis cell was designed and constructed for investigating solvent extraction systems by spectrophotometrically monitoring both the organic and aqueous phases in real time. This new Lewis cell was tested and shown to perform well compared to other previously reported Lewis cell designs. The advantage of the new design is that the spectroscopic measurement allows determination of not only metal ion concentrations, but also information regarding chemical speciation—information not available with previous Lewis cell designs. For convenience, the new Lewis cell design was dubbed COSMOFLEX (COntinuous Spectroscopic MOnitoring of Forrest’s Liquid-liquid EXtraction cell).

Pilot Study to Confirm that Fat and Liver can be Distinguished by Spectroscopic Tissue Response on a Medipix-All-Resolution System-CT (MARS-CT)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Berg, Kyra B.; Anderson, Nigel G.; Butler, Alexandra P.

2009-07-23

NAFLD, liver component of the 'metabolic' syndrome, has become the most common liver disease in western nations. Non-invasive imaging techniques exist, but have limitations, especially in detection and quantification of mild to moderate fatty liver. In this pilot study, we produced attenuation curves from biomedical-quality projection images of liver and fat using the MARS spectroscopic-CT scanner. Difficulties obtaining attenuation spectra after reconstruction demonstrated that standard reconstruction programs do not preserve spectral information.

Multimodal autofluorescence detection of cancer: from single cells to living organism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horilova, J.; Cunderlikova, B.; Cagalinec, M.; Chorvat, D.; Marcek Chorvatova, A.

2018-02-01

Multimodal optical imaging of suspected tissues is showing to be a promising method for distinguishing suspected cancerous tissues from healthy ones. In particular, the combination of steady-state spectroscopic methods with timeresolved fluorescence provides more precise insight into native metabolism when focused on tissue autofluorescence. Cancer is linked to specific metabolic remodelation detectable spectroscopically. In this work, we evaluate possibilities and limitations of multimodal optical cancer detection in single cells, collagen-based 3D cell cultures and in living organisms (whole mice), as a representation of gradually increasing complexity of model systems.

Pilot Study to Confirm that Fat and Liver can be Distinguished by Spectroscopic Tissue Response on a Medipix-All-Resolution System-CT (MARS-CT)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berg, Kyra B.; Carr, James M.; Clark, Michael J.; Cook, Nick J.; Anderson, Nigel G.; Scott, Nicola J.; Butler, Alexandra P.; Butler, Philip H.; Butler, Anthony P.

2009-07-01

NAFLD, liver component of the "metabolic" syndrome, has become the most common liver disease in western nations. Non-invasive imaging techniques exist, but have limitations, especially in detection and quantification of mild to moderate fatty liver. In this pilot study, we produced attenuation curves from biomedical-quality projection images of liver and fat using the MARS spectroscopic-CT scanner. Difficulties obtaining attenuation spectra after reconstruction demonstrated that standard reconstruction programs do not preserve spectral information.

Confocal three dimensional tracking of a single nanoparticle with concurrent spectroscopic readouts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cang, Hu; Wong, Chung M.; Xu, C. Shan; Rizvi, Abbas H.; Yang, Haw

2006-05-01

We present an apparatus that noninvasively tracks a moving nanoparticle in three dimensions while providing concurrent sequential spectroscopic measurements. The design, based on confocal microscopy, uses a near-infrared laser and a dark-field condenser for illumination of a gold nanoparticle. By monitoring the scattered light from the nanoparticle and using a piezoelectric stage, the system was able to continuously bring the diffusive particle in a glycerol/water solution back to the focal volume with spatial resolution and response time of less than 210nm and a millisecond, respectively.

The Network Configuration of an Object Relational Database Management System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Diaz, Philip; Harris, W. C.

2000-01-01

The networking and implementation of the Oracle Database Management System (ODBMS) requires developers to have knowledge of the UNIX operating system as well as all the features of the Oracle Server. The server is an object relational database management system (DBMS). By using distributed processing, processes are split up between the database server and client application programs. The DBMS handles all the responsibilities of the server. The workstations running the database application concentrate on the interpretation and display of data.

A dedicated database system for handling multi-level data in systems biology.

PubMed

Pornputtapong, Natapol; Wanichthanarak, Kwanjeera; Nilsson, Avlant; Nookaew, Intawat; Nielsen, Jens

2014-01-01

Advances in high-throughput technologies have enabled extensive generation of multi-level omics data. These data are crucial for systems biology research, though they are complex, heterogeneous, highly dynamic, incomplete and distributed among public databases. This leads to difficulties in data accessibility and often results in errors when data are merged and integrated from varied resources. Therefore, integration and management of systems biological data remain very challenging. To overcome this, we designed and developed a dedicated database system that can serve and solve the vital issues in data management and hereby facilitate data integration, modeling and analysis in systems biology within a sole database. In addition, a yeast data repository was implemented as an integrated database environment which is operated by the database system. Two applications were implemented to demonstrate extensibility and utilization of the system. Both illustrate how the user can access the database via the web query function and implemented scripts. These scripts are specific for two sample cases: 1) Detecting the pheromone pathway in protein interaction networks; and 2) Finding metabolic reactions regulated by Snf1 kinase. In this study we present the design of database system which offers an extensible environment to efficiently capture the majority of biological entities and relations encountered in systems biology. Critical functions and control processes were designed and implemented to ensure consistent, efficient, secure and reliable transactions. The two sample cases on the yeast integrated data clearly demonstrate the value of a sole database environment for systems biology research.

In vivo spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography imaging of a far red fluorescent protein expressed in the exocrine pancreas of adult zebrafish

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Mengyang; Schmitner, Nicole; Sandrian, Michelle G.; Zabihian, Behrooz; Hermann, Boris; Salvenmoser, Willi; Meyer, Dirk; Drexler, Wolfgang

2014-03-01

Fluorescent proteins brought a revolution in life sciences and biological research in that they make a powerful tool for researchers to study not only the structural and morphological information, but also dynamic and functional information in living cells and organisms. While green fluorescent proteins (GFP) have become a common labeling tool, red-shifted or even near infrared fluorescent proteins are becoming the research focus due to the fact that longer excitation wavelengths are more suitable for deep tissue imaging. In this study, E2-Crimson, a far red fluorescent protein whose excitation wavelength is 611 nm, was genetically expressed in the exocrine pancreas of adult zebrafish. Using spectroscopic all optical detection photoacoustic tomography, we mapped the distribution of E2-Crimson in 3D after imaging the transgenic zebrafish in vivo using two different wavelengths. With complementary morphological information provided by imaging the same fish using a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system, the E2-Crimson distribution acquired from spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography was confirmed in 2D by epifluorescence microscopy and in 3D by histology. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time a far red fluorescent protein is imaged in vivo by spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography. Due to the regeneration feature of zebrafish pancreas, this work preludes the longitudinal studies of animal models of diseases such as pancreatitis by spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography. Since the effective penetration depth of photoacoustic tomography is beyond the transport mean free path length, other E2-Crimson labeled inner organs will also be able to be studied dynamically using spectroscopic photoacoustic tomography.

Resident database interfaces to the DAVID system, a heterogeneous distributed database management system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moroh, Marsha

1988-01-01

A methodology for building interfaces of resident database management systems to a heterogeneous distributed database management system under development at NASA, the DAVID system, was developed. The feasibility of that methodology was demonstrated by construction of the software necessary to perform the interface task. The interface terminology developed in the course of this research is presented. The work performed and the results are summarized.

Examining database persistence of ISO/EN 13606 standardized electronic health record extracts: relational vs. NoSQL approaches.

PubMed

Sánchez-de-Madariaga, Ricardo; Muñoz, Adolfo; Lozano-Rubí, Raimundo; Serrano-Balazote, Pablo; Castro, Antonio L; Moreno, Oscar; Pascual, Mario

2017-08-18

The objective of this research is to compare the relational and non-relational (NoSQL) database systems approaches in order to store, recover, query and persist standardized medical information in the form of ISO/EN 13606 normalized Electronic Health Record XML extracts, both in isolation and concurrently. NoSQL database systems have recently attracted much attention, but few studies in the literature address their direct comparison with relational databases when applied to build the persistence layer of a standardized medical information system. One relational and two NoSQL databases (one document-based and one native XML database) of three different sizes have been created in order to evaluate and compare the response times (algorithmic complexity) of six different complexity growing queries, which have been performed on them. Similar appropriate results available in the literature have also been considered. Relational and non-relational NoSQL database systems show almost linear algorithmic complexity query execution. However, they show very different linear slopes, the former being much steeper than the two latter. Document-based NoSQL databases perform better in concurrency than in isolation, and also better than relational databases in concurrency. Non-relational NoSQL databases seem to be more appropriate than standard relational SQL databases when database size is extremely high (secondary use, research applications). Document-based NoSQL databases perform in general better than native XML NoSQL databases. EHR extracts visualization and edition are also document-based tasks more appropriate to NoSQL database systems. However, the appropriate database solution much depends on each particular situation and specific problem.

Generalized Database Management System Support for Numeric Database Environments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dominick, Wayne D.; Weathers, Peggy G.

1982-01-01

This overview of potential for utilizing database management systems (DBMS) within numeric database environments highlights: (1) major features, functions, and characteristics of DBMS; (2) applicability to numeric database environment needs and user needs; (3) current applications of DBMS technology; and (4) research-oriented and…

A Summary of the Naval Postgraduate School Research Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-30

5 Fundamental Theory for Automatically Combining Changes to Software Systems ............................ 6 Database -System Approach to...Software Engineering Environments(SEE’s) .................................. 10 Multilevel Database Security .......................... 11 Temporal... Database Management and Real-Time Database Computers .................................... 12 The Multi-lingual, Multi Model, Multi-Backend Database

Database Systems. Course Three. Information Systems Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Neil, Sharon Lund; Everett, Donna R.

This course is the third of seven in the Information Systems curriculum. The purpose of the course is to familiarize students with database management concepts and standard database management software. Databases and their roles, advantages, and limitations are explained. An overview of the course sets forth the condition and performance standard…

Database Management Systems: New Homes for Migrating Bibliographic Records.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Terrence A.; Bierbaum, Esther G.

1987-01-01

Assesses bibliographic databases as part of visionary text systems such as hypertext and scholars' workstations. Downloading is discussed in terms of the capability to search records and to maintain unique bibliographic descriptions, and relational database management systems, file managers, and text databases are reviewed as possible hosts for…

23 CFR 970.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis and updating for each management system. (d) All management systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database information. (e...

23 CFR 970.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis and updating for each management system. (d) All management systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database information. (e...

23 CFR 970.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis and updating for each management system. (d) All management systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database information. (e...

23 CFR 970.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis and updating for each management system. (d) All management systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database information. (e...

Studies of early-type variable stars. XIV. Spectroscopic orbit and absolute parameters of HU Tauri.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maxted, P. F. L.; Hill, G.; Hilditch, R. W.

1995-09-01

We present a new spectroscopic orbit for the Algol-type eclipsing binary system HU Tau (HD 29365, P=2.0563 days α(2000.0) = 04 38 15.80, δ= +20 41 05.3, V=5.87-6.8, B8V + G2). We find : m_1_ sin^3^i=4.17+/-0.09Msun_, m_2_ sin^3^i=1.07+/-0.025Msun_, (a_p_+a_s_)sin i=11.8 +/-0.1Rsun_, m_1_/m_2_=3.90+/-0.07. The spectroscopic orbit includes corrections for non-Keplerian effects derived from the solutions of the BV light curves of Ito (1988). We have been able to derive much improved absolute parameters for this system as follows: M_1_=4.43+/-0.09Msun_, M_2_=1.14+/-0.03Msun_, R _1_=2.57+/-0.03Rsun_, R _2_=4.21+/-0.03Rsun_, log(L_1_/Lsun_)= 2.09+/-0.15, log(L_2_/Lsun_)= 0.92+/-0.05. Comparison of HU Tau with non-conservative case B evolution models of De Greve (1993) suggests that the system evolved from an initial mass ratio <~0.5. However, the orbital period of HU Tau is more than 3 days shorter than any of the model systems, and the observed secondary luminosity of order 10 times less than a model star of the same mass during the slow mass transfer phase.

Applications of Database Machines in Library Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salmon, Stephen R.

1984-01-01

Characteristics and advantages of database machines are summarized and their applications to library functions are described. The ability to attach multiple hosts to the same database and flexibility in choosing operating and database management systems for different functions without loss of access to common database are noted. (EJS)

UPLC-MS-ELSD-PDA as a powerful dereplication tool to facilitate compound identification from small-molecule natural product libraries.

PubMed

Yang, Jin; Liang, Qian; Wang, Mei; Jeffries, Cynthia; Smithson, David; Tu, Ying; Boulos, Nidal; Jacob, Melissa R; Shelat, Anang A; Wu, Yunshan; Ravu, Ranga Rao; Gilbertson, Richard; Avery, Mitchell A; Khan, Ikhlas A; Walker, Larry A; Guy, R Kiplin; Li, Xing-Cong

2014-04-25

The generation of natural product libraries containing column fractions, each with only a few small molecules, using a high-throughput, automated fractionation system, has made it possible to implement an improved dereplication strategy for selection and prioritization of leads in a natural product discovery program. Analysis of databased UPLC-MS-ELSD-PDA information of three leads from a biological screen employing the ependymoma cell line EphB2-EPD generated details on the possible structures of active compounds present. The procedure allows the rapid identification of known compounds and guides the isolation of unknown compounds of interest. Three previously known flavanone-type compounds, homoeriodictyol (1), hesperetin (2), and sterubin (3), were identified in a selected fraction derived from the leaves of Eriodictyon angustifolium. The lignan compound deoxypodophyllotoxin (8) was confirmed to be an active constituent in two lead fractions derived from the bark and leaves of Thuja occidentalis. In addition, two new but inactive labdane-type diterpenoids with an uncommon triol side chain were also identified as coexisting with deoxypodophyllotoxin in a lead fraction from the bark of T. occidentalis. Both diterpenoids were isolated in acetylated form, and their structures were determined as 14S,15-diacetoxy-13R-hydroxylabd-8(17)-en-19-oic acid (9) and 14R,15-diacetoxy-13S-hydroxylabd-8(17)-en-19-oic acid (10), respectively, by spectroscopic data interpretation and X-ray crystallography. This work demonstrates that a UPLC-MS-ELSD-PDA database produced during fractionation may be used as a powerful dereplication tool to facilitate compound identification from chromatographically tractable small-molecule natural product libraries.

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

Spectrometry: Report of panel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Farmer, C. Barney; Murcray, David G.; Abreu, Vincent; Gille, John C.; Hanel, Rudolph A.; Hoell, James M., Jr.; Jamieson, John A.; Zwick, Harold

1987-01-01

Spectroscopic measurements are required to define the spectral background and provide the detailed spectral information that is essential for the design of species-specific systems and the analysis of data obtained from them. This function of spectroscopic measurements is expected to be an important part of any tropospheric remote-sensing program, and both emission and absorption spectroscopy are relevant in this context. The data from such observations are of value to tropospheric science in their own right, during the initial phases while species-specific techniques and instruments are under development. In addition, there are a number of unresolved problems in tropospheric radiative transfer and spectroscopy which presently limit the accuracy and reliability of all remote sensing methods. Only through a supporting program of spectroscopic measurements can progress be made in improving the understanding of these aspects of radiative transfer and ultimately reaching the desired confidence in the accuracy to species-specific monitoring techniques.

Spectral measurements of Terrestrial Mars Analogues: support for the ExoMars - Ma_Miss instrument

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Angelis, S.; De Sanctis, M. C.; Ammannito, E.; Di Iorio, T.; Carli, C.; Frigeri, A.; Capria, M. T.; Federico, C.; Boccaccini, A.; Capaccioni, F.; Giardino, M.; Cerroni, P.; Palomba, E.; Piccioni, G.

2013-09-01

The Ma_Miss (Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface Studies) instrument onboard of ExoMars 2018 mission to Mars will investigate the Martian subsoil down to a depth of 2 meters [1]. Ma_Miss is a miniaturized spectrometer, completely integrated within the drilling system of the ExoMars Pasteur rover; it will acquire spectra in the range 0.4-2.2μm, from the excavated borehole wall. The spectroscopic investigation of the subsurface materials will give us precious information about mineralogical, petrologic and geological processes, and will give insights about materials that have not been modified by surface processes such as erosion, weathering or oxidation. Spectroscopic measurements have been performed on Terrestrial Mars Analogues with the Ma_Miss laboratory model (breadboard). Moreover spectroscopic investigation of different sets of Terrestrial Mars Analogues is being carried on with different laboratory setups, as a support for the ExoMars-Ma_Miss instrument.

Spectroscopic evidence for two-gap superconductivity in the quasi-1D chalcogenide Nb2Pd0.81S5

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Eunsung; Lee, Sangyun; Ronning, Filip; Thompson, Joe D.; Zhang, Qiu; Balicas, Luis; Lu, Xin; Park, Tuson

2018-04-01

Low-dimensional electronic systems with confined electronic wave functions have attracted interest due to their propensity toward novel quantum phases and their use in wide range of nanotechnologies. The newly discovered chalcogenide Nb2PdS5 possesses a quasi-one-dimensional electronic structure and becomes superconducting. Here, we report spectroscopic evidence for two-band superconductivity, where soft point-contact spectroscopic measurements in the superconducting (SC) state reveal Andreev reflection in the differential conductance G. Multiple peaks in G are observed at 1.8 K and explained by the two-band Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk model with two gaps Δ1  =  0.61 meV and Δ2  =  1.20 meV. The progressive evolution of G with temperature and magnetic field corroborates the multiple nature of the SC gaps.

The NCBI BioSystems database.

PubMed

Geer, Lewis Y; Marchler-Bauer, Aron; Geer, Renata C; Han, Lianyi; He, Jane; He, Siqian; Liu, Chunlei; Shi, Wenyao; Bryant, Stephen H

2010-01-01

The NCBI BioSystems database, found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/biosystems/, centralizes and cross-links existing biological systems databases, increasing their utility and target audience by integrating their pathways and systems into NCBI resources. This integration allows users of NCBI's Entrez databases to quickly categorize proteins, genes and small molecules by metabolic pathway, disease state or other BioSystem type, without requiring time-consuming inference of biological relationships from the literature or multiple experimental datasets.

Microcomputer Database Management Systems for Bibliographic Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollard, Richard

1986-01-01

Discusses criteria for evaluating microcomputer database management systems (DBMS) used for storage and retrieval of bibliographic data. Two popular types of microcomputer DBMS--file management systems and relational database management systems--are evaluated with respect to these criteria. (Author/MBR)

THE CANDIDATE CLUSTER AND PROTOCLUSTER CATALOG (CCPC). II. SPECTROSCOPICALLY IDENTIFIED STRUCTURES SPANNING 2 <  z  < 6.6

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Franck, J. R.; McGaugh, S. S.

2016-12-10

The Candidate Cluster and Protocluster Catalog (CCPC) is a list of objects at redshifts z  > 2 composed of galaxies with spectroscopically confirmed redshifts that are coincident on the sky and in redshift. These protoclusters are identified by searching for groups in volumes corresponding to the expected size of the most massive protoclusters at these redshifts. In CCPC1 we identified 43 candidate protoclusters among 14,000 galaxies between 2.74 <  z  < 3.71. Here we expand our search to more than 40,000 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts z  > 2.00, resulting in an additional 173 candidate structures. The most significant of these are 36 protoclusters withmore » overdensities δ {sub gal} > 7. We also identify three large proto-supercluster candidates containing multiple protoclusters at z  = 2.3, 3.5 and z  = 6.56. Eight candidates with N  ≥ 10 galaxies are found at redshifts z  > 4.0. The last system in the catalog is the most distant spectroscopic protocluster candidate known to date at z  = 6.56.« less

Effect of the solvent environment on the spectroscopic properties and dynamics of the lowest excited states of carotenoids

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Frank, H.A.; Bautista, J.A.; Josue, J.

2000-05-11

The spectroscopic properties and dynamics of the lowest excited singlet states of peridinin, fucoxanthin, neoxanthin, uriolide acetate, spheroidene, and spheroidenone in several different solvents have been studied by steady-state absorption and fast-transient optical spectroscopic techniques. Peridinin, fucoxanthin, uriolide acetate, and spheroidenone, which contain carbonyl functional groups in conjugation with the carbon-carbon {pi}-electron system, display broader absorption spectral features and are affected more by the solvent environment than neoxanthin and spheroidene, which do not contain carbonyl functional groups. The possible sources of the spectral broadening are explored by examining the absorption spectra at 77 K in glassy solvents. Also, carotenoids whichmore » contain carbonyls have complex transient absorption spectra and show a pronounced dependence of the excited singlet state lifetime on the solvent environment. It is postulated that these effects are related to the presence of an intramolecular charge transfer state strongly coupled to the S{sub 1} (2{sup 1}A{sub g}) excited singlet state. Structural variations in the series of carotenoids studied here make it possible to focus on the general molecular features that control the spectroscopic and dynamic properties of carotenoids.« less

Spectroscopic fingerprints of toroidal nuclear quantum delocalization via ab initio path integral simulations.

PubMed

Schütt, Ole; Sebastiani, Daniel

2013-04-05

We investigate the quantum-mechanical delocalization of hydrogen in rotational symmetric molecular systems. To this purpose, we perform ab initio path integral molecular dynamics simulations of a methanol molecule to characterize the quantum properties of hydrogen atoms in a representative system by means of their real-space and momentum-space densities. In particular, we compute the spherically averaged momentum distribution n(k) and the pseudoangular momentum distribution n(kθ). We interpret our results by comparing them to path integral samplings of a bare proton in an ideal torus potential. We find that the hydroxyl hydrogen exhibits a toroidal delocalization, which leads to characteristic fingerprints in the line shapes of the momentum distributions. We can describe these specific spectroscopic patterns quantitatively and compute their onset as a function of temperature and potential energy landscape. The delocalization patterns in the projected momentum distribution provide a promising computational tool to address the intriguing phenomenon of quantum delocalization in condensed matter and its spectroscopic characterization. As the momentum distribution n(k) is also accessible through Nuclear Compton Scattering experiments, our results will help to interpret and understand future measurements more thoroughly. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Development of a database system for near-future climate change projections under the Japanese National Project SI-CAT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakagawa, Y.; Kawahara, S.; Araki, F.; Matsuoka, D.; Ishikawa, Y.; Fujita, M.; Sugimoto, S.; Okada, Y.; Kawazoe, S.; Watanabe, S.; Ishii, M.; Mizuta, R.; Murata, A.; Kawase, H.

2017-12-01

Analyses of large ensemble data are quite useful in order to produce probabilistic effect projection of climate change. Ensemble data of "+2K future climate simulations" are currently produced by Japanese national project "Social Implementation Program on Climate Change Adaptation Technology (SI-CAT)" as a part of a database for Policy Decision making for Future climate change (d4PDF; Mizuta et al. 2016) produced by Program for Risk Information on Climate Change. Those data consist of global warming simulations and regional downscaling simulations. Considering that those data volumes are too large (a few petabyte) to download to a local computer of users, a user-friendly system is required to search and download data which satisfy requests of the users. We develop "a database system for near-future climate change projections" for providing functions to find necessary data for the users under SI-CAT. The database system for near-future climate change projections mainly consists of a relational database, a data download function and user interface. The relational database using PostgreSQL is a key function among them. Temporally and spatially compressed data are registered on the relational database. As a first step, we develop the relational database for precipitation, temperature and track data of typhoon according to requests by SI-CAT members. The data download function using Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP) provides a function to download temporally and spatially extracted data based on search results obtained by the relational database. We also develop the web-based user interface for using the relational database and the data download function. A prototype of the database system for near-future climate change projections are currently in operational test on our local server. The database system for near-future climate change projections will be released on Data Integration and Analysis System Program (DIAS) in fiscal year 2017. Techniques of the database system for near-future climate change projections might be quite useful for simulation and observational data in other research fields. We report current status of development and some case studies of the database system for near-future climate change projections.

Rosetta Comet Spreads its Jets

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-10-24

This image was taken by the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System, Rosetta main onboard scientific imaging system, on Sept. 10, 2014. Jets of cometary activity can be seen along almost the entire body of the comet. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA18886

An automated system for terrain database construction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, L. F.; Fretz, R. K.; Logan, T. L.; Bryant, N. A.

1987-01-01

An automated Terrain Database Preparation System (TDPS) for the construction and editing of terrain databases used in computerized wargaming simulation exercises has been developed. The TDPS system operates under the TAE executive, and it integrates VICAR/IBIS image processing and Geographic Information System software with CAD/CAM data capture and editing capabilities. The terrain database includes such features as roads, rivers, vegetation, and terrain roughness.

77 FR 24925 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-26

... CES Personnel Information System database of NIFA. This database is updated annually from data provided by 1862 and 1890 land-grant universities. This database is maintained by the Agricultural Research... reviewer. NIFA maintains a database of potential reviewers. Information in the database is used to match...

Functional integration of automated system databases by means of artificial intelligence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dubovoi, Volodymyr M.; Nikitenko, Olena D.; Kalimoldayev, Maksat; Kotyra, Andrzej; Gromaszek, Konrad; Iskakova, Aigul

2017-08-01

The paper presents approaches for functional integration of automated system databases by means of artificial intelligence. The peculiarities of turning to account the database in the systems with the usage of a fuzzy implementation of functions were analyzed. Requirements for the normalization of such databases were defined. The question of data equivalence in conditions of uncertainty and collisions in the presence of the databases functional integration is considered and the model to reveal their possible occurrence is devised. The paper also presents evaluation method of standardization of integrated database normalization.

Challenging Density Functional Theory Calculations with Hemes and Porphyrins.

PubMed

de Visser, Sam P; Stillman, Martin J

2016-04-07

In this paper we review recent advances in computational chemistry and specifically focus on the chemical description of heme proteins and synthetic porphyrins that act as both mimics of natural processes and technological uses. These are challenging biochemical systems involved in electron transfer as well as biocatalysis processes. In recent years computational tools have improved considerably and now can reproduce experimental spectroscopic and reactivity studies within a reasonable error margin (several kcal·mol(-1)). This paper gives recent examples from our groups, where we investigated heme and synthetic metal-porphyrin systems. The four case studies highlight how computational modelling can correctly reproduce experimental product distributions, predicted reactivity trends and guide interpretation of electronic structures of complex systems. The case studies focus on the calculations of a variety of spectroscopic features of porphyrins and show how computational modelling gives important insight that explains the experimental spectra and can lead to the design of porphyrins with tuned properties.

An adiabatic spectroscopic investigation of the CsRb system in ground and numerous excited states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souissi, Hanen; Jellali, Soulef; Maha, Chaieb; Habli, Héla; Oujia, Brahim; Gadéa, Florent Xavier

2017-10-01

Via ab-initio approximations, we investigate the electronic and structural features of the CsRb molecule. Adiabatic potential energy curves of 261,3Σ+, 181,3Π and 61,3Δ electronic states with their derived spectroscopic constants as well as vibrational levels spacing have been carried out and well explained. Our approach is founded on an Effective Core Potential (ECP) describing the valence electrons of the system. Using a large Gaussian basis set, the full valence Configuration Interaction can be applied easily on the two-effective valence electrons of the CsRb system. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the electric dipolar properties has been made through the investigation of both permanent and transition dipole moments (PDM and TDM). It is significant that the ionic character connected with electron transfer that is linked to Cs+ Rb- state has been clearly illustrated in the adiabatic permanent dipole moment.

Observations, Analysis, and Spectroscopic Classification of HO Piscium: A Bright Shallow-Contact Binary with G- and M-Type Components

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samec, Ronald G.; Smith, Paul M.; Robb, Russell; Faulkner, Danny R.; Van Hamme, W.

2012-07-01

We present a spectrum and a photometric analysis of the newly discovered, high-amplitude, solar-type, eclipsing binary HO Piscium. A spectroscopic identification, a period study, q-search, and a simultaneous UBVRc Ic light-curve solution are presented. The spectra and our photometric solution indicate that HO Psc is a W-type W UMa shallow-contact (fill-out ˜8%) binary system. The primary component has a G6V spectral type with an apparently precontact spectral type of M2V for the secondary component. The small fill-out indicates that the system has not yet achieved thermal contact and thus has recently come into physical contact. This may mean that this solar-type binary system has not attained its ˜0.4 mass ratio via a long period of magnetic braking, as would normally be assumed.

Photometric and spectroscopic investigation of the oscillating Algol type binary: EW Boo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doğruel, Mustafa Burak; Gürol, Birol

2015-10-01

We obtained the physical and geometrical parameters of the EW Boo system, which exhibits short period and small amplitude pulsations as well as brightness variations due to orbital motion of components. Towards this end we carried out photometric observations at Ankara University Kreiken Observatory (AUKO) as well as spectroscopic observations at TUBITAK National Observatory (TNO). The light and radial velocity curves obtained from these observations have been simultaneously analyzed with PHOEBE and the absolute parameters of the system along with the geometric parameters of the components have been determined. Using model light curves of EW Boo, light curve regions in which the pulsations are active have been determined and as a result of analyses performed in the frequency region, characteristic parameters of pulsations have been obtained. We find that the results are compatible with current parameters of similar systems in the literature. The evolutionary status of the components is propounded and discussed.

Spectroscopic Constants and Line Positions for TiO Singlet States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bittner, Dror M.; Bernath, Peter F.

2018-06-01

A consistent set of spectroscopic constants for the a1Δ, d1Σ+, b1Π, c1Φ, and f1Δ states of 48Ti16O has been determined from analysis of the b1Π–a1Δ, b1Π–d1Σ+, c1Φ–a1Δ, and f1Δ–a1Δ systems. Three Fourier transform emission spectra have been used for the analysis. New bands of the b1Π–a1Δ and c1Φ–a1Δ systems have been fitted. The first analysis of the c1Φ–a1Δ system using Fourier transform spectra is also provided. Extensive and improved line positions are measured. TiO is prominent in the spectra of oxygen-rich cool stellar objects and may be present in hot-Jupiter exoplanet atmospheres.

Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL) database organization and user's guide, revision 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morusiewicz, Linda; Bristow, John

1992-01-01

The organization of the Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL) database is presented. Included are definitions and detailed descriptions of the database tables and views, the SEL data, and system support data. The mapping from the SEL and system support data to the base table is described. In addition, techniques for accessing the database through the Database Access Manager for the SEL (DAMSEL) system and via the ORACLE structured query language (SQL) are discussed.

Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL) database organization and user's guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

So, Maria; Heller, Gerard; Steinberg, Sandra; Spiegel, Douglas

1989-01-01

The organization of the Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL) database is presented. Included are definitions and detailed descriptions of the database tables and views, the SEL data, and system support data. The mapping from the SEL and system support data to the base tables is described. In addition, techniques for accessing the database, through the Database Access Manager for the SEL (DAMSEL) system and via the ORACLE structured query language (SQL), are discussed.

The Dynamical Challenges of the Polaris Multiple System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turner, David G.; Usenko, I. A.; Miroshnichenko, A. S.; Klochkova, V. G.; Panchuk, V. E.; Yang, S. L.

2006-06-01

The hierarchal triple system formed by the bright, nearby Cepheid Polaris, its visual companion (ADS 1477B), and recently resolved spectroscopic companion (ADS 1477Ab) at first sight seems well understood in terms of its astrometric properties: a parallax implying a distance of 132 +-8 pc (Hipparcos), and residuals implying an orbital inclination of 50 degrees (Wielen et al. 2000). But the recent optical detection of ADS 1477Ab by Evans et al. (2005) with the Hubble Space Telescope can be used to place independent constraints on the orbital properties of the system, once it is combined with the parameters of the spectroscopic orbit. To that end, existing radial velocity data for Polaris over the past 120 years, including previously-unpublished and recent observations obtained over the past two decades, have been collected, reanalyzed, and examined in order to improve the orbital parameters for the spectroscopic binary. There are small discrepancies in the data that may be linked to different sets of spectral lines and wavelength coverage used to infer the photospheric motion of the Cepheid, or to the inevitable problems of establishing reliable systemic velocities for a pulsating star. But the primary discrepancies lie in the implied properties of the Polaris system from the orbital solution, which seem to confirm the parallax of Polaris but not the orbital inclination, which may be edge-on. The results also conflict directly with other features of Polaris that are inferred from its other Cepheid characteristics: decreasing light amplitude, rapid period increase, location near the center of the instability strip, and possible membership in the Pleiades moving group. Such discrepancies are numerous enough to raise suspicions that there may be a fourth star in the system, although its detection may defy observers.

Galaxy triplets in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 - I. Catalogue

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Mill, Ana Laura; Duplancic, Fernanda; García Lambas, Diego; Valotto, Carlos; Sodré, Laerte

2012-04-01

We present a new catalogue of galaxy triplets derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. The identification of systems was performed considering galaxies brighter than Mr=-20.5 and imposing constraints over the projected distances, radial velocity differences of neighbouring galaxies and isolation. To improve the identification of triplets, we employed a data pixelization scheme, which allows us to handle large amounts of data as in the SDSS photometric survey. Using spectroscopic and photometric data in the redshift range 0.01 ≤z≤ 0.40, we obtain 5901 triplet candidates. We have used a mock catalogue to analyse the completeness and contamination of our methods. The results show a high level of completeness (˜80 per cent) and low contamination (˜5 per cent). By using photometric and spectroscopic data, we have also addressed the effects of fibre collisions in the spectroscopic sample. We have defined an isolation criterion considering the distance of the triplet brightest galaxy to the closest neighbour cluster, to describe a global environment, as well as the galaxies within a fixed aperture, around the triplet brightest galaxy, to measure the local environment. The final catalogue comprises 1092 isolated triplets of galaxies in the redshift range 0.01 ≤z≤ 0.40. Our results show that photometric redshifts provide very useful information, allowing us to complete the sample of nearby systems whose detection is affected by fibre collisions, as well as extending the detection of triplets to large distances, where spectroscopic redshifts are not available.

Double-lined M dwarf eclipsing binaries from Catalina Sky Survey and LAMOST

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Chien-Hsiu; Lin, Chien-Cheng

2017-02-01

Eclipsing binaries provide a unique opportunity to determine fundamental stellar properties. In the era of wide-field cameras and all-sky imaging surveys, thousands of eclipsing binaries have been reported through light curve classification, yet their basic properties remain unexplored due to the extensive efforts needed to follow them up spectroscopically. In this paper we investigate three M2-M3 type double-lined eclipsing binaries discovered by cross-matching eclipsing binaries from the Catalina Sky Survey with spectroscopically classified M dwarfs from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope survey data release one and two. Because these three M dwarf binaries are faint, we further acquire radial velocity measurements using GMOS on the Gemini North telescope with R˜ 4000, enabling us to determine the mass and radius of individual stellar components. By jointly fitting the light and radial velocity curves of these systems, we derive the mass and radius of the primary and secondary components of these three systems, in the range between 0.28-0.42M_⊙ and 0.29-0.67R_⊙, respectively. Future observations with a high resolution spectrograph will help us pin down the uncertainties in their stellar parameters, and render these systems benchmarks to study M dwarfs, providing inputs to improving stellar models in the low mass regime, or establishing an empirical mass-radius relation for M dwarf stars.

The NCBI BioSystems database

PubMed Central

Geer, Lewis Y.; Marchler-Bauer, Aron; Geer, Renata C.; Han, Lianyi; He, Jane; He, Siqian; Liu, Chunlei; Shi, Wenyao; Bryant, Stephen H.

2010-01-01

The NCBI BioSystems database, found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/biosystems/, centralizes and cross-links existing biological systems databases, increasing their utility and target audience by integrating their pathways and systems into NCBI resources. This integration allows users of NCBI’s Entrez databases to quickly categorize proteins, genes and small molecules by metabolic pathway, disease state or other BioSystem type, without requiring time-consuming inference of biological relationships from the literature or multiple experimental datasets. PMID:19854944

Luis W. Alvarez - Patents

Science.gov Websites

SPECTROSCOPIC SYSTEM COMPRISING PLURAL SOURCES, FILTERS, FLUORESCENT RADIATORS, AND COMPARATIVE DETECTORS the element to be determined. Details of the design of the apparatus are described and diagrammed

An Introduction to Database Management Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Warden, William H., III; Warden, Bette M.

1984-01-01

Description of database management systems for microcomputers highlights system features and factors to consider in microcomputer system selection. A method for ranking database management systems is explained and applied to a defined need, i.e., software support for indexing a weekly newspaper. A glossary of terms and 32-item bibliography are…

Heterogeneous database integration in biomedicine.

PubMed

Sujansky, W

2001-08-01

The rapid expansion of biomedical knowledge, reduction in computing costs, and spread of internet access have created an ocean of electronic data. The decentralized nature of our scientific community and healthcare system, however, has resulted in a patchwork of diverse, or heterogeneous, database implementations, making access to and aggregation of data across databases very difficult. The database heterogeneity problem applies equally to clinical data describing individual patients and biological data characterizing our genome. Specifically, databases are highly heterogeneous with respect to the data models they employ, the data schemas they specify, the query languages they support, and the terminologies they recognize. Heterogeneous database systems attempt to unify disparate databases by providing uniform conceptual schemas that resolve representational heterogeneities, and by providing querying capabilities that aggregate and integrate distributed data. Research in this area has applied a variety of database and knowledge-based techniques, including semantic data modeling, ontology definition, query translation, query optimization, and terminology mapping. Existing systems have addressed heterogeneous database integration in the realms of molecular biology, hospital information systems, and application portability.

Systems and methods for free space optical communication

DOEpatents

Harper, Warren W [Benton City, WA; Aker, Pamela M [Richland, WA; Pratt, Richard M [Richland, WA

2011-05-10

Free space optical communication methods and systems, according to various aspects are described. The methods and systems are characterized by transmission of data through free space with a digitized optical signal acquired using wavelength modulation, and by discrimination between bit states in the digitized optical signal using a spectroscopic absorption feature of a chemical substance.

Selecting Data-Base Management Software for Microcomputers in Libraries and Information Units.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pieska, K. A. O.

1986-01-01

Presents a model for the evaluation of database management systems software from the viewpoint of librarians and information specialists. The properties of data management systems, database management systems, and text retrieval systems are outlined and compared. (10 references) (CLB)

Databases for the Global Dynamics of Multiparameter Nonlinear Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-05

AFRL-OSR-VA-TR-2014-0078 DATABASES FOR THE GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF MULTIPARAMETER NONLINEAR SYSTEMS Konstantin Mischaikow RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF...University of New Jersey ASB III, Rutgers Plaza New Brunswick, NJ 08807 DATABASES FOR THE GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF MULTIPARAMETER NONLINEAR SYSTEMS ...dynamical systems . We refer to the output as a Database for Global Dynamics since it allows the user to query for information about the existence and

Software Application for Supporting the Education of Database Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vágner, Anikó

2015-01-01

The article introduces an application which supports the education of database systems, particularly the teaching of SQL and PL/SQL in Oracle Database Management System environment. The application has two parts, one is the database schema and its content, and the other is a C# application. The schema is to administrate and store the tasks and the…

75 FR 49489 - Establishment of a New System of Records for Personal Information Collected by the Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-13

... information. Access to any such database system is limited to system administrators, individuals responsible... during the certification process. The above information will be contained in one or more databases (such as Lotus Notes) that reside on servers in EPA offices. The database(s) may be specific to one...

Development of a personalized training system using the Lung Image Database Consortium and Image Database resource Initiative Database.

PubMed

Lin, Hongli; Wang, Weisheng; Luo, Jiawei; Yang, Xuedong

2014-12-01

The aim of this study was to develop a personalized training system using the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) and Image Database resource Initiative (IDRI) Database, because collecting, annotating, and marking a large number of appropriate computed tomography (CT) scans, and providing the capability of dynamically selecting suitable training cases based on the performance levels of trainees and the characteristics of cases are critical for developing a efficient training system. A novel approach is proposed to develop a personalized radiology training system for the interpretation of lung nodules in CT scans using the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) and Image Database Resource Initiative (IDRI) database, which provides a Content-Boosted Collaborative Filtering (CBCF) algorithm for predicting the difficulty level of each case of each trainee when selecting suitable cases to meet individual needs, and a diagnostic simulation tool to enable trainees to analyze and diagnose lung nodules with the help of an image processing tool and a nodule retrieval tool. Preliminary evaluation of the system shows that developing a personalized training system for interpretation of lung nodules is needed and useful to enhance the professional skills of trainees. The approach of developing personalized training systems using the LIDC/IDRL database is a feasible solution to the challenges of constructing specific training program in terms of cost and training efficiency. Copyright © 2014 AUR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Emission Enhancement in Quantum Emitters - Plasmonic Nanostructures Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muqri, Aeshah; Suh, Jae Yong; Michogan Technological University Team

In this poster, the emission enhancement probed by spectroscopic and dynamic means will be presented. Systems composed of quantum emitters ensembles in the vicinity of plasmonic structures were fabricated. Their coupling strength were investigated by measuring the reflection, steady state photoluminescence, and time resolved fluorescence.

Local 2D-2D tunneling in high mobility electron systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pelliccione, Matthew; Sciambi, Adam; Bartel, John; Goldhaber-Gordon, David; Pfeiffer, Loren; West, Ken; Lilly, Michael; Bank, Seth; Gossard, Arthur

2012-02-01

Many scanning probe techniques have been utilized in recent years to measure local properties of high mobility two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in GaAs. However, most techniques lack the ability to tunnel into the buried 2D system and measure local spectroscopic information. We report scanning gate measurements on a bilayer GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure that allows for a local modulation of tunneling between two 2D electron layers. We call this technique Virtual Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (VSTM) [1,2] as the influence of the scanning gate is analogous to an STM tip, except at a GaAs/AlGaAs interface instead of a surface. We will discuss the spectroscopic capabilities of the technique, and show preliminary results of measurements on a high mobility 2D electron system.[1] A. Sciambi, M. Pelliccione et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 132103 (2010).[2] A. Sciambi, M. Pelliccione et al., Phys. Rev. B 84, 085301 (2011).

Phosphorus dendrimers and photodynamic therapy. Spectroscopic studies on two dendrimer-photosensitizer complexes: Cationic phosphorus dendrimer with rose bengal and anionic phosphorus dendrimer with methylene blue.

PubMed

Dabrzalska, Monika; Zablocka, Maria; Mignani, Serge; Majoral, Jean Pierre; Klajnert-Maculewicz, Barbara

2015-08-15

Dendrimers due to their unique architecture may play an important role in drug delivery systems including chemotherapy, gene therapy and recently, photodynamic therapy as well. We investigated two dendrimer-photosensitizer systems in context of potential use of these systems in photodynamic therapy. The mixtures of an anionic phosphorus dendrimer of the second generation and methylene blue were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy while that of a cationic phosphorus dendrimer (third generation) and rose bengal were investigated by spectrofluorimetric methods. Spectroscopic analysis of these two systems revealed the formation of dendrimer-photosensitizer complexes via electrostatic interactions as well as π stacking. The stoichiometry of the rose bengal-cationic dendrimer complex was estimated to be 7:1 and 9:1 for the methylene blue-anionic dendrimer complex. The results suggest that these polyanionic or polycationic phosphorus dendrimers can be promising candidates as carriers in photodynamic therapy. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Towards Breath Gas Analysis Based on Millimeter-Wave Molecular Spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rothbart, Nick; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Schmalz, Klaus; Borngräber, Johannes; Kissinger, Dietmar

2018-03-01

Breath gas analysis is a promising non-invasive tool for medical diagnosis as there are thousands of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in human breath that can be used as health monitoring markers. Millimeter-wave/terahertz molecular spectroscopy is highly suitable for breath gas analysis due to unique fingerprint spectra of many VOCs in that frequency range. We present our recent work on sensor systems for gas spectroscopy based on integrated transmitters (TX) and receivers (RX) fabricated in IHP's 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. For a single-band system, spectroscopic measurements and beam profiles are presented. The frequency is tuned by direct voltage-frequency tuning and by a fractional-n PLL, respectively. The spectroscopic system includes a folded gas absorption cell with gas pre-concentration abilities demonstrating the detection of a 50 ppm mixture of ethanol in ambient air corresponding to a minimum detectable concentration of 260 ppb. Finally, the design of a 3-band system covering frequencies from 225 to 273 GHz is introduced.

TRENDS: The aeronautical post-test database management system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bjorkman, W. S.; Bondi, M. J.

1990-01-01

TRENDS, an engineering-test database operating system developed by NASA to support rotorcraft flight tests, is described. Capabilities and characteristics of the system are presented, with examples of its use in recalling and analyzing rotorcraft flight-test data from a TRENDS database. The importance of system user-friendliness in gaining users' acceptance is stressed, as is the importance of integrating supporting narrative data with numerical data in engineering-test databases. Considerations relevant to the creation and maintenance of flight-test database are discussed and TRENDS' solutions to database management problems are described. Requirements, constraints, and other considerations which led to the system's configuration are discussed and some of the lessons learned during TRENDS' development are presented. Potential applications of TRENDS to a wide range of aeronautical and other engineering tests are identified.

23 CFR 972.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAYS FISH AND... to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for... systems will use databases with a geographical reference system that can be used to geolocate all database...

Biophysical influence of coumarin 35 on bovine serum albumin: Spectroscopic study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bayraktutan, Tuğba; Onganer, Yavuz

2017-01-01

The binding mechanism and protein-fluorescence probe interactions between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and coumarin 35 (C35) was investigated by using UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies since they remain major research topics in biophysics. The spectroscopic data indicated that a fluorescence quenching process for BSA-C35 system was occurred. The fluorescence quenching processes were analyzed using Stern-Volmer method. In this regard, Stern-Volmer quenching constants (KSV) and binding constants were calculated at different temperatures. The distance r between BSA (donor) and C35 (acceptor) was determined by exploiting fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) method. Synchronous fluorescence spectra were also studied to observe information about conformational changes. Moreover, thermodynamics parameters were calculated for better understanding of interactions and conformational changes of the system.

The Alpha Centauri binary system. Atmospheric parameters and element abundances

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Porto de Mello, G. F.; Lyra, W.; Keller, G. R.

2008-09-01

Context: The α Centauri binary system, owing to its duplicity, proximity and brightness, and its components' likeness to the Sun, is a fundamental calibrating object for the theory of stellar structure and evolution and the determination of stellar atmospheric parameters. This role, however, is hindered by a considerable disagreement in the published analyses of its atmospheric parameters and abundances. Aims: We report a new spectroscopic analysis of both components of the α Centauri system, compare published analyses of the system, and attempt to quantify the discrepancies still extant in the determinations of the atmospheric parameters and abundances of these stars. Methods: The analysis is differential with respect to the Sun, based on spectra with R = 35 000 and signal-to-noise ratio ≥1000, and employed spectroscopic and photometric methods to obtain as many independent T_eff determinations as possible. We also check the atmospheric parameters for consistency against the results of the dynamical analysis and the positions of the components in a theoretical HR diagram. Results: The spectroscopic atmospheric parameters of the system are found to be T_eff = (5847 ± 27) K, [Fe/H] = +0.24 ± 0.03, log g = 4.34 ± 0.12, and ξt = 1.46 ± 0.03 km s-1, for α Cen A, and T_eff = (5316 ± 28) K, [Fe/H] = +0.25 ± 0.04, log g = 4.44 ± 0.15, and ξt = 1.28 ± 0.15 km s^-1 for α Cen B. The parameters were derived from the simultaneous excitation & ionization equilibria of Fe I and Fe II lines. T_effs were also obtained by fitting theoretical profiles to the Hα line and from photometric calibrations. Conclusions: We reached good agreement between the three criteria for α Cen A. For α Cen B the spectroscopic T_eff is ~140 K higher than the other two determinations. We discuss possible origins of this inconsistency, concluding that the presence of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects is a probable candidate, but we note that there is as yet no consensus on the existence and cause of an offset between the spectroscopic and photometric T_eff scales of cool dwarfs. The spectroscopic surface gravities also agree with those derived from directly measured masses and radii. An average of three independent T_eff criteria leads to T_eff (A) = (5824 ± 26) K and T_eff (B) = (5223 ± 62) K. The abundances of Na, Mg, Si, Mn, Co, and Ni and, possibly, Cu are significantly enriched in the system, which also seems to be deficient in Y and Ba. This abundance pattern can be deemed normal in the context of recent data on metal-rich stars. The position of α Cen A in an up-to-date theoretical evolutionary diagram yields a good match of the evolutionary mass and age (in the 4.5 to 5.3 Gyr range) with those from the dynamical solution and seismology, but only marginal agreement for α Cen B, taking into account its more uncertain T_eff. Based on observations collected at Observatório do Pico dos Dias (OPD), operated by the Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, CNPq, Brazil. Table 2 is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

XML: James Webb Space Telescope Database Issues, Lessons, and Status

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Detter, Ryan; Mooney, Michael; Fatig, Curtis

2003-01-01

This paper will present the current concept using extensible Markup Language (XML) as the underlying structure for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) database. The purpose of using XML is to provide a JWST database, independent of any portion of the ground system, yet still compatible with the various systems using a variety of different structures. The testing of the JWST Flight Software (FSW) started in 2002, yet the launch is scheduled for 2011 with a planned 5-year mission and a 5-year follow on option. The initial database and ground system elements, including the commands, telemetry, and ground system tools will be used for 19 years, plus post mission activities. During the Integration and Test (I&T) phases of the JWST development, 24 distinct laboratories, each geographically dispersed, will have local database tools with an XML database. Each of these laboratories database tools will be used for the exporting and importing of data both locally and to a central database system, inputting data to the database certification process, and providing various reports. A centralized certified database repository will be maintained by the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. One of the challenges for the database is to be flexible enough to allow for the upgrade, addition or changing of individual items without effecting the entire ground system. Also, using XML should allow for the altering of the import and export formats needed by the various elements, tracking the verification/validation of each database item, allow many organizations to provide database inputs, and the merging of the many existing database processes into one central database structure throughout the JWST program. Many National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) projects have attempted to take advantage of open source and commercial technology. Often this causes a greater reliance on the use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), which is often limiting. In our review of the database requirements and the COTS software available, only very expensive COTS software will meet 90% of requirements. Even with the high projected initial cost of COTS, the development and support for custom code over the 19-year mission period was forecasted to be higher than the total licensing costs. A group did look at reusing existing database tools and formats. If the JWST database was already in a mature state, the reuse made sense, but with the database still needing to handing the addition of different types of command and telemetry structures, defining new spacecraft systems, accept input and export to systems which has not been defined yet, XML provided the flexibility desired. It remains to be determined whether the XML database will reduce the over all cost for the JWST mission.

SPECTROSCOPIC ONLINE MONITORING FOR PROCESS CONTROL AND SAFEGUARDING OF RADIOCHEMICAL STREAMS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bryan, Samuel A.; Levitskaia, Tatiana G.

2013-09-29

There is a renewed interest worldwide to promote the use of nuclear power and close the nuclear fuel cycle. The long term successful use of nuclear power is critically dependent upon adequate and safe processing and disposition of the used nuclear fuel. Liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique commonly employed for the processing of the dissolved used nuclear fuel. The instrumentation used to monitor these processes must be robust, require little or no maintenance, and be able to withstand harsh environments such as high radiation fields and aggressive chemical matrices. This paper summarizes application of the absorption and vibrational spectroscopicmore » techniques supplemented by physicochemical measurements for radiochemical process monitoring. In this context, our team experimentally assessed the potential of Raman and spectrophotometric techniques for online real-time monitoring of the U(VI)/nitrate ion/nitric acid and Pu(IV)/Np(V)/Nd(III), respectively, in solutions relevant to spent fuel reprocessing. These techniques demonstrate robust performance in the repetitive batch measurements of each analyte in a wide concentration range using simulant and commercial dissolved spent fuel solutions. Spectroscopic measurements served as training sets for the multivariate data analysis to obtain partial least squares predictive models, which were validated using on-line centrifugal contactor extraction tests. Satisfactory prediction of the analytes concentrations in these preliminary experiments warrants further development of the spectroscopy-based methods for radiochemical process control and safeguarding. Additionally, the ability to identify material intentionally diverted from a liquid-liquid extraction contactor system was successfully tested using on-line process monitoring as a means to detect the amount of material diverted. A chemical diversion and detection from a liquid-liquid extraction scheme was demonstrated using a centrifugal contactor system operating with the simulant PUREX extraction system of Nd(NO3)3/nitric acid aqueous phase and TBP/n-dodecane organic phase. During a continuous extraction experiment, a portion of the feed from a counter-current extraction system was diverted while the spectroscopic on-line process monitoring system was simultaneously measuring the feed, raffinate and organic products streams. The amount observed to be diverted by on-line spectroscopic process monitoring was in excellent agreement with values based from the known mass of sample directly taken (diverted) from system feed solution.« less

The spectroscopic evolution of novae in the bulge of M31 and a search for their possible origin in the M31 globular cluster system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomaney, Austin Bede

Results are presented from a three year (1987 to 1989) spectroscopic and photometric survey of novae in M3l's bulge, the first comprehensive study of novae outside the Galactic and Magellanic Cloud systems. Nine novae were detected and monitored and their spectra cover a range of outburst states from early decline to the early nebular phases. Broad agreement in spectral morphology and evolution is found with Galactic novae. Since Galactic novae are mainly disk objects, this indicates that novae outburst properties are not critically dependent on the metallicity of the progenitor population. However, in this sample, and in a sample of four M31 nova spectra taken in 1983, no fast, violent outbursts frequently associated with nova systems containing ONeMg white dwarfs were found, suggestive of a systematic difference between the observed proportion of such outbursts between Galactic and M31 bulge novae. Three novae in the sample were observed on succeeding nights during the transition phase of their evolution. Extraordinary variations in some nightly line strengths, particularly the N III lines, were discovered. It is argued that this variability reflects the deposition of drag energy by the secondary star during the common envelope phase of nova evolution and is indicative of a key phase in mass loss from nova systems. Observations include the spectroscopic coverage of an extremely slow nova from 1987 to l990, during the object's evolution in the nebula phase. This provided a unique opportunity to make the first detailed comparison of the evolution and properties of an extra galactic nova with those in our own Galaxy. The roughly solar abundances obtained are typical of similar slow Galactic novae. Further observations are also presented of a unique outburst in 1988 that was independently discovered and reported by Rich et al. These data confirm the inferences of other observers that the outburst differed markedly from that of a typical classical nova. Finally an extensive spectroscopic survey of the M31 globular cluster system was made in an effort to find evidence of a previously suggested enhanced nova rate in these objects. No outbursts were detected during an effective survey time of one year for the entire system.

HITRAN2016 : new and improved data and tools towards studies of planetary atmospheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Iouli; Rothman, Laurence S.; Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian; Tan, Yan; Wcislo, Piotr

2016-10-01

The HITRAN2016 molecular spectroscopic database is scheduled to be released this year. It will replace the current edition, HITRAN2012 [1], which has been in use, along with some intermediate updates, since 2012.We have added, revised, and improved many transitions and bands of molecular species and their isotopologues. Also, the amount of parameters has also been significantly increased, now incorporating, for instance, broadening by He, H2 and CO2 which are dominant in different planetary atmospheres [2]; non-Voigt line profiles [3]; and other phenomena. This poster will provide a summary of the updates, emphasizing details of some of the most important or drastic improvements or additions.To allow flexible incorporation of the new parameters and improve the efficiency of the database usage, the whole database has been reorganized into a relational database structure and presented to the user by means of a very powerful, easy-to-use internet program called HITRANonline [4] accessible at . This interface allows the user many queries in standard and user-defined formats. In addition, a powerful application called HAPI (HITRAN Application Programing Interface) [5] was developed. HAPI is a set of Python libraries that allows much more functionality for the user. Demonstration of the power of the new tools will also be offered.This work is supported by the NASA PATM (NNX13AI59G), PDART (NNX16AG51G) and AURA (NNX14AI55G) programs.References[1] L.S. Rothman et al, JQSRT 130, 4 (2013)[2] J. S. Wilzewski et al., JQSRT 168, 193 (2016)[3] P. Wcislo et al., JQSRT 177, 75 (2016)[4] C. Hill et al, JQSRT 177, 4 (2016)[5] R.V. Kochanov et al, JQSRT 177, 15 (2016)

76 FR 28795 - Privacy Act of 1974; Department of Homeland Security United States Coast Guard-024 Auxiliary...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-18

... 1974; Department of Homeland Security United States Coast Guard-024 Auxiliary Database System of... Security/United States Coast Guard-024 Auxiliary Database (AUXDATA) System of Records.'' This system of... titled, ``DHS/USCG-024 Auxiliary Database (AUXDATA) System of Records.'' The AUXDATA system is the USCG's...

Intrusion Detection in Database Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Javidi, Mohammad M.; Sohrabi, Mina; Rafsanjani, Marjan Kuchaki

Data represent today a valuable asset for organizations and companies and must be protected. Ensuring the security and privacy of data assets is a crucial and very difficult problem in our modern networked world. Despite the necessity of protecting information stored in database systems (DBS), existing security models are insufficient to prevent misuse, especially insider abuse by legitimate users. One mechanism to safeguard the information in these databases is to use an intrusion detection system (IDS). The purpose of Intrusion detection in database systems is to detect transactions that access data without permission. In this paper several database Intrusion detection approaches are evaluated.

School District Evaluation: Database Warehouse Support.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adcock, Eugene P.; Haseltine, Reginald

The Prince George's County (Maryland) school system has developed a database warehouse system as an evaluation data support tool for fulfilling the system's information demands. This paper described the Research and Evaluation Assimilation Database (READ) warehouse support system and considers the requirements for data used in evaluation and how…

A Dynamic Approach to Make CDS/ISIS Databases Interoperable over the Internet Using the OAI Protocol

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jayakanth, F.; Maly, K.; Zubair, M.; Aswath, L.

2006-01-01

Purpose: A dynamic approach to making legacy databases, like CDS/ISIS, interoperable with OAI-compliant digital libraries (DLs). Design/methodology/approach: There are many bibliographic databases that are being maintained using legacy database systems. CDS/ISIS is one such legacy database system. It was designed and developed specifically for…

Multi-Sensor Scene Synthesis and Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

Quad Trees for Image Representation and Processing ...... ... 126 2.6.2 Databases ..... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... 138 2.6.2.1 Definitions and...Basic Concepts ....... 138 2.6.3 Use of Databases in Hierarchical Scene Analysis ...... ... ..................... 147 2.6.4 Use of Relational Tables...Multisensor Image Database Systems (MIDAS) . 161 2.7.2 Relational Database System for Pictures .... ..... 168 2.7.3 Relational Pictorial Database

Comment on "Radiative forcings for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases" by Byrne and Goldblatt (2014)

DOE PAGES

Kochanov, R. V.; Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; ...

2015-08-25

In the recent article by Byrne and Goldblatt, "Radiative forcing for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases", Clim. Past. 10, 1779–1801 (2014), the authors employ the HITRAN2012 spectroscopic database to evaluate the radiative forcing of 28 Archean gases. As part of the evaluation of the status of the spectroscopy of these gases in the selected spectral region (50–1800 cm -1), the cross sections generated from the HITRAN line-by-line parameters were compared with those of the PNNL database of experimental cross sections recorded at moderate resolution. The authors claimed that for NO 2, HNO 3, H 2CO, H 2O 2, HCOOH, Cmore » 2H 4, CH 3OH and CH 3Br there exist large or sometimes severe disagreements between the databases. In this work we show that for only three of these eight gases a modest discrepancy does exist between the two databases and we explain the origin of the differences. For the other five gases, the disagreements are not nearly at the scale suggested by the authors, while we explain some of the differences that do exist. In summary, the agreement between the HITRAN and PNNL databases is very good, although not perfect. Typically differences do not exceed 10 %, provided that HITRAN data exist for the bands/wavelengths of interest. It appears that a molecule-dependent combination of errors has affected the conclusions of the authors. In at least one case it appears that they did not take the correct file from PNNL (N 2O 4 (dimer)+ NO 2 was used in place of the monomer). Finally, cross sections of HO 2 from HITRAN (which do not have a PNNL counterpart) were not calculated correctly in BG, while in the case of HF misleading discussion was presented there based on the confusion by foreign or noise features in the experimental PNNL spectra.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kochanov, R. V.; Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.

In the recent article by Byrne and Goldblatt, "Radiative forcing for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases", Clim. Past. 10, 1779–1801 (2014), the authors employ the HITRAN2012 spectroscopic database to evaluate the radiative forcing of 28 Archean gases. As part of the evaluation of the status of the spectroscopy of these gases in the selected spectral region (50–1800 cm -1), the cross sections generated from the HITRAN line-by-line parameters were compared with those of the PNNL database of experimental cross sections recorded at moderate resolution. The authors claimed that for NO 2, HNO 3, H 2CO, H 2O 2, HCOOH, Cmore » 2H 4, CH 3OH and CH 3Br there exist large or sometimes severe disagreements between the databases. In this work we show that for only three of these eight gases a modest discrepancy does exist between the two databases and we explain the origin of the differences. For the other five gases, the disagreements are not nearly at the scale suggested by the authors, while we explain some of the differences that do exist. In summary, the agreement between the HITRAN and PNNL databases is very good, although not perfect. Typically differences do not exceed 10 %, provided that HITRAN data exist for the bands/wavelengths of interest. It appears that a molecule-dependent combination of errors has affected the conclusions of the authors. In at least one case it appears that they did not take the correct file from PNNL (N 2O 4 (dimer)+ NO 2 was used in place of the monomer). Finally, cross sections of HO 2 from HITRAN (which do not have a PNNL counterpart) were not calculated correctly in BG, while in the case of HF misleading discussion was presented there based on the confusion by foreign or noise features in the experimental PNNL spectra.« less

Technical Aspects of Interfacing MUMPS to an External SQL Relational Database Management System

PubMed Central

Kuzmak, Peter M.; Walters, Richard F.; Penrod, Gail

1988-01-01

This paper describes an interface connecting InterSystems MUMPS (M/VX) to an external relational DBMS, the SYBASE Database Management System. The interface enables MUMPS to operate in a relational environment and gives the MUMPS language full access to a complete set of SQL commands. MUMPS generates SQL statements as ASCII text and sends them to the RDBMS. The RDBMS executes the statements and returns ASCII results to MUMPS. The interface suggests that the language features of MUMPS make it an attractive tool for use in the relational database environment. The approach described in this paper separates MUMPS from the relational database. Positioning the relational database outside of MUMPS promotes data sharing and permits a number of different options to be used for working with the data. Other languages like C, FORTRAN, and COBOL can access the RDBMS database. Advanced tools provided by the relational database vendor can also be used. SYBASE is an advanced high-performance transaction-oriented relational database management system for the VAX/VMS and UNIX operating systems. SYBASE is designed using a distributed open-systems architecture, and is relatively easy to interface with MUMPS.

U.S. Geological Survey mineral databases; MRDS and MAS/MILS

USGS Publications Warehouse

McFaul, E.J.; Mason, G.T.; Ferguson, W.B.; Lipin, B.R.

2000-01-01

These two CD-ROM's contain the latest version of the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) database and the Minerals Availability System/Minerals Industry Location System (MAS/MILS) database for coverage of North America and the world outside North America. The records in the MRDS database each contain almost 200 data fields describing metallic and nonmetallic mineral resources, deposits, and commodities. The records in the MAS/MILS database each contain almost 100 data fields describing mines and mineral processing plans.

TWRS technical baseline database manager definition document

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Acree, C.D.

1997-08-13

This document serves as a guide for using the TWRS Technical Baseline Database Management Systems Engineering (SE) support tool in performing SE activities for the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS). This document will provide a consistent interpretation of the relationships between the TWRS Technical Baseline Database Management software and the present TWRS SE practices. The Database Manager currently utilized is the RDD-1000 System manufactured by the Ascent Logic Corporation. In other documents, the term RDD-1000 may be used interchangeably with TWRS Technical Baseline Database Manager.

MAPPING THE DYNAMICS OF COLD GAS AROUND SGR A* THROUGH 21 cm ABSORPTION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Christian, Pierre; Loeb, Abraham, E-mail: pchristian@cfa.harvard.edu

2015-11-20

The presence of a circumnuclear stellar disk around Sgr A* and megamaser systems near other black holes indicates that dense neutral disks can be found in galactic nuclei. We show that depending on their inclination angle, optical depth, and spin temperature, these disks could be observed spectroscopically through 21 cm absorption. Related spectroscopic observations of Sgr A* can determine its HI disk parameters and the possible presence of gaps in the disk. Clumps of dense gas similar to the G2 could could also be detected in 21 cm absorption against Sgr A* radio emission.

Chromospherically Active Stars. XXV. HD 144110=EV Draconis, a Double-lined Dwarf Binary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fekel, Francis C.; Henry, Gregory W.; Lewis, Ceteka

2005-08-01

New spectroscopic and photometric observations of HD 144110 have been used to obtain an improved orbital element solution and determine some basic properties of the system. This chromospherically active, double-lined spectroscopic binary has an orbital period of 1.6714012 days and a circular orbit. We classify the components as G5 V and K0 V and suggest that they are slightly metal-rich. The photometric observations indicate that the rotation of HD 144110 is synchronous with the orbital period. Despite the short orbital period, no evidence of eclipses is seen in our photometry.

Optical design of MOEMS-based micro-mechatronic modules for applications in spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tortschanoff, A.; Kremer, M.; Sandner, T.; Kenda, A.

2014-05-01

One of the important challenges for widespread application of MOEMS devices is to provide a modular interface for easy handling and accurate driving of the MOEMS elements, in order to enable seamless integration in larger spectroscopic system solutions. In this contribution we present in much detail the optical design of MOEMS driver modules comprising optical position sensing together with driver electronics, which can actively control different electrostatically driven MOEMS. Furthermore we will present concepts for compact spectroscopic devices, based on different MOEMS scanner modules with lD and 2D optical elements.

Theoretical dissociation energies for the alkali and alkaline-earth monofluorides and monochlorides

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Langhoff, S. R.; Bauschlicher, C. W., Jr.; Partridge, H.

1986-01-01

Spectroscopic parameters are accurately determined for the alkali and alkaline-earth monofluorides and monochlorides by means of ab initio self-consistent field and correlated wave function calculations. Numerical Hartree-Fock calculations are performed on selected systems to ensure that the extended Slater basis sets employed are near the Hartree-Fock limit. Since the bonding is predominantly electrostatic in origin, a strong correlation exists between the dissociation energy (to ions) and the spectroscopic parameter r(e). By dissociating to the ionic limits, most of the differential correlation effects can be embedded in the accurate experimental electron affinities and ionization potentials.

Purged window apparatus. [On-line spectroscopic analysis of gas flow systems

DOEpatents

Ballard, E.O.

1982-04-05

A purged window apparatus is described which utilizes tangentially injected heated purge gases in the vicinity of electromagnetic radiation transmitting windows and a tapered external mounting tube to accelerate these gases to provide a vortex flow on the window surface and a turbulent flow throughout the mounting tube thereby preventing backstreaming of flowing gases under investigation in a chamber to which a plurality of similar purged apparatus is attached with the consequent result that spectroscopic analyses can be undertaken for lengthy periods without the necessity of interrupting the flow for cleaning or replacing the windows due to contamination.

Benchmarking the pseudopotential and fixed-node approximations in diffusion Monte Carlo calculations of molecules and solids

DOE PAGES

Nazarov, Roman; Shulenburger, Luke; Morales, Miguel A.; ...

2016-03-28

We performed diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations of the spectroscopic properties of a large set of molecules, assessing the effect of different approximations. In systems containing elements with large atomic numbers, we show that the errors associated with the use of nonlocal mean-field-based pseudopotentials in DMC calculations can be significant and may surpass the fixed-node error. In conclusion, we suggest practical guidelines for reducing these pseudopotential errors, which allow us to obtain DMC-computed spectroscopic parameters of molecules and equation of state properties of solids in excellent agreement with experiment.

Benchmarking the pseudopotential and fixed-node approximations in diffusion Monte Carlo calculations of molecules and solids

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nazarov, Roman; Shulenburger, Luke; Morales, Miguel A.

We performed diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations of the spectroscopic properties of a large set of molecules, assessing the effect of different approximations. In systems containing elements with large atomic numbers, we show that the errors associated with the use of nonlocal mean-field-based pseudopotentials in DMC calculations can be significant and may surpass the fixed-node error. In conclusion, we suggest practical guidelines for reducing these pseudopotential errors, which allow us to obtain DMC-computed spectroscopic parameters of molecules and equation of state properties of solids in excellent agreement with experiment.

The Herschel Lensing Survey (HLS): HST Frontier Field Coverage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egami, Eiichi

2015-08-01

The Herschel Lensing Survey (HLS; PI: Egami) is a large Far-IR/Submm imaging survey of massive galaxy clusters using the Herschel Space Observatory. Its main goal is to detect and study IR/Submm galaxies that are below the nominal confusion limit of Herschel by taking advantage of the strong gravitational lensing power of massive galaxy clusters. HLS has obtained deep PACS (100/160 um) and SPIRE (250/350/500 um) images for 54 cluster fields (HLS-deep) as well as shallower but nearly confusion-limited SPIRE-only images for 527 cluster fields (HLS-snapshot) with a total observing time of ~420 hours. Extensive multi-wavelength follow-up studies are currently on-going with a variety of observing facilities including ALMA.Here, I will focus on the analysis of the deep Herschel PACS/SPIRE images obtained for the 6 HST Frontier Fields (5 observed by HLS-deep; 1 observed by the Herschel GT programs). The Herschel/SPIRE maps are wide enough to cover the Frontier-Field parallel pointings, and we have detected a total of ~180 sources, some of which are strongly lensed. I will present the sample and discuss the properties of these Herschel-detected dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) identified in the Frontier Fields. Although the majority of these Herschel sources are at moderate redshift (z<3), a small number of extremely high-redshift (z>6) candidates can be identified as "Herschel dropouts" when combined with longer-wavelength data. We have also identified ~40 sources as likely cluster members, which will allow us to study the properties of DSFGs in the dense cluster environment.A great legacy of our HLS project will be the extensive multi-wavelength database that incorporates most of the currently available data/information for the fields of the Frontier-Field, CLASH, and other HLS clusters (e.g., HST/Spitzer/Herschel images, spectroscopic/photometric redshifts, lensing models, best-fit SED models etc.). Provided with a user-friendly GUI and a flexible search engine, this database should serve as a powerful tool for a variety of projects including those with ALMA and JWST in the future. I will conclude by introducing this HLS database system.

SU-E-J-197: A Novel Optical Interstitial Fiber Spectroscopic System for Real-Time Tissue Micro-Vascular Hemodynamics Monitoring.

PubMed

Zhao, D; Campos, D; Yan, Y; Kimple, R; Jacques, S; van der Kogel, A; Kissick, M

2012-06-01

To demonstrate a novel interstitial optical fiber spectroscopic system, based on diffuse optical spectroscopies with spectral fitting, for the simultaneous monitoring of tumor blood volume and oxygen tension. The technique provides real-time, minimally-invasive and quantification of tissue micro-vascular hemodynamics. An optical fiber prototype probe characterizesthe optical transport in tissue between two large Numerical Aperture (NA) fibers of 200μm core diameter (BFH37-200, ThorLabs) spaced 3-mm apart. Two 21-Ga medical needles are used to protect fiber ends and to facilitate tissue penetration with minimum local blunt trauma in nude mice with xenografts. A 20W white light source (HL-2000-HP, Ocean Optics) is coupled to one fiber with SMA adapter. The other fiber is used to collect light, which is coupled into the spectrometer (QE65000 with Spectrasuite Operating software and OmniDriver, Ocean Optics). The wavelength response of the probe depends on the wavelength dependence of the light source, and of the light signal collection that includes considerable scatter, modeled with Monte-Carlo techniques (S. Jacques 2010 J. of Innov. Opt. Health Sci. 2 123-9). Measured spectra of tissue are normalized by a measured spectrum of a white standard, yielding the transmission spectrum. A head-and-neck xenograft on the flank of a live mouse is used for development. The optical fiber probe delivers and collects light at an arbitrary depth in the tumor. By spectral fitting of the measured transmission spectrum, an analysis of blood volume and oxygen tension is obtained from the fitting parameters in real time. A newly developed optical fiber spectroscopic system with an optical fiber probe takes spectroscopic techniques to a much deeper level in a tumor, which has potential applications for real-time monitoring hypoxic cell population dynamics for an eventual adaptive therapy metric of particular use in hypofractionated radiotherapy. © 2012 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

The relational clinical database: a possible solution to the star wars in registry systems.

PubMed

Michels, D K; Zamieroski, M

1990-12-01

In summary, having data from other service areas available in a relational clinical database could resolve many of the problems existing in today's registry systems. Uniting sophisticated information systems into a centralized database system could definitely be a corporate asset in managing the bottom line.

Teaching Database Management System Use in a Library School Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Michael D.

1985-01-01

Description of database management systems course being taught to students at School of Library and Information Studies, University of California, Berkeley, notes course structure, assignments, and course evaluation. Approaches to teaching concepts of three types of database systems are discussed and systems used by students in the course are…

Space Station Freedom environmental database system (FEDS) for MSFC testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Story, Gail S.; Williams, Wendy; Chiu, Charles

1991-01-01

The Water Recovery Test (WRT) at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is the first demonstration of integrated water recovery systems for potable and hygiene water reuse as envisioned for Space Station Freedom (SSF). In order to satisfy the safety and health requirements placed on the SSF program and facilitate test data assessment, an extensive laboratory analysis database was established to provide a central archive and data retrieval function. The database is required to store analysis results for physical, chemical, and microbial parameters measured from water, air and surface samples collected at various locations throughout the test facility. The Oracle Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) was utilized to implement a secured on-line information system with the ECLSS WRT program as the foundation for this system. The database is supported on a VAX/VMS 8810 series mainframe and is accessible from the Marshall Information Network System (MINS). This paper summarizes the database requirements, system design, interfaces, and future enhancements.

Microcomputer-Based Genetics Office Database System

PubMed Central

Cutts, James H.; Mitchell, Joyce A.

1985-01-01

A database management system (Genetics Office Automation System, GOAS) has been developed for the Medical Genetics Unit of the University of Missouri. The system, which records patients' visits to the Unit's genetic and prenatal clinics, has been implemented on an IBM PC/XT microcomputer. A description of the system, the reasons for implementation, its databases, and uses are presented.

Archetype relational mapping - a practical openEHR persistence solution.

PubMed

Wang, Li; Min, Lingtong; Wang, Rui; Lu, Xudong; Duan, Huilong

2015-11-05

One of the primary obstacles to the widespread adoption of openEHR methodology is the lack of practical persistence solutions for future-proof electronic health record (EHR) systems as described by the openEHR specifications. This paper presents an archetype relational mapping (ARM) persistence solution for the archetype-based EHR systems to support healthcare delivery in the clinical environment. First, the data requirements of the EHR systems are analysed and organized into archetype-friendly concepts. The Clinical Knowledge Manager (CKM) is queried for matching archetypes; when necessary, new archetypes are developed to reflect concepts that are not encompassed by existing archetypes. Next, a template is designed for each archetype to apply constraints related to the local EHR context. Finally, a set of rules is designed to map the archetypes to data tables and provide data persistence based on the relational database. A comparison study was conducted to investigate the differences among the conventional database of an EHR system from a tertiary Class A hospital in China, the generated ARM database, and the Node + Path database. Five data-retrieving tests were designed based on clinical workflow to retrieve exams and laboratory tests. Additionally, two patient-searching tests were designed to identify patients who satisfy certain criteria. The ARM database achieved better performance than the conventional database in three of the five data-retrieving tests, but was less efficient in the remaining two tests. The time difference of query executions conducted by the ARM database and the conventional database is less than 130 %. The ARM database was approximately 6-50 times more efficient than the conventional database in the patient-searching tests, while the Node + Path database requires far more time than the other two databases to execute both the data-retrieving and the patient-searching tests. The ARM approach is capable of generating relational databases using archetypes and templates for archetype-based EHR systems, thus successfully adapting to changes in data requirements. ARM performance is similar to that of conventionally-designed EHR systems, and can be applied in a practical clinical environment. System components such as ARM can greatly facilitate the adoption of openEHR architecture within EHR systems.

Adopting a corporate perspective on databases. Improving support for research and decision making.

PubMed

Meistrell, M; Schlehuber, C

1996-03-01

The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is at the forefront of designing and managing health care information systems that accommodate the needs of clinicians, researchers, and administrators at all levels. Rather than using one single-site, centralized corporate database VHA has constructed several large databases with different configurations to meet the needs of users with different perspectives. The largest VHA database is the Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP), a multisite, distributed data system that uses decoupled hospital databases. The centralization of DHCP policy has promoted data coherence, whereas the decentralization of DHCP management has permitted system development to be done with maximum relevance to the users'local practices. A more recently developed VHA data system, the Event Driven Reporting system (EDR), uses multiple, highly coupled databases to provide workload data at facility, regional, and national levels. The EDR automatically posts a subset of DHCP data to local and national VHA management. The development of the EDR illustrates how adoption of a corporate perspective can offer significant database improvements at reasonable cost and with modest impact on the legacy system.

Bacterial identification in real samples by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rösch, Petra; Stöckel, Stephan; Meisel, Susann; Bossecker, Anja; Münchberg, Ute; Kloss, Sandra; Schumacher, Wilm; Popp, Jürgen

2011-07-01

Pathogen detection is essential without time delay especially for severe diseases like sepsis. Here, the survival rate is dependent on a prompt antibiosis. For sepsis three hours after the onset of shock the survival rate of the patient drops below 60 %. Unfortunately, the results from standard diagnosis methods like PCR or microbiology can normally be received after 12 or 36 h, respectively. Therefore diagnosis methods which require less cultivation or even no cultivation at all have to be established for medical diagnosis. Here, Raman spectroscopy, as a vibrational spectroscopic method, is a very sensitive and selective approach and monitors the biochemical composition of the investigated sample. Applying micro-Raman spectroscopy allows for a spatial resolution below 1 μm and is therefore in the size range of bacteria. Raman spectra of bacteria depend on the physiological status. Therefore, the databases require the inclusion of the necessary environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, nutrition, etc. Such large databases therefore require a specialized chemometric approach, since the variation between different strains is small. In this contribution we will demonstrate the capability of Raman spectroscopy to identify pathogens without cultivation even from real environmental or medical samples.

A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH FOR THE SPECTRA WITH FEATURES OF CRYSTALLINE SILICATES IN THE SPITZER IRS ENHANCED PRODUCTS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Rui; Luo, Ali; Liu, Jiaming

2016-06-01

The crystalline silicate features are mainly reflected in infrared bands. The Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) collected numerous spectra of various objects and provided a big database to investigate crystalline silicates in a wide range of astronomical environments. We apply the manifold ranking algorithm to perform a systematic search for the spectra with crystalline silicate features in the Spitzer IRS Enhanced Products available. In total, 868 spectra of 790 sources are found to show the features of crystalline silicates. These objects are cross-matched with the SIMBAD database as well as with the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)/DR2. Themore » average spectrum of young stellar objects shows a variety of features dominated either by forsterite or enstatite or neither, while the average spectrum of evolved objects consistently present dominant features of forsterite in AGB, OH/IR, post-AGB, and planetary nebulae. They are identified optically as early-type stars, evolved stars, galaxies and so on. In addition, the strength of spectral features in typical silicate complexes is calculated. The results are available through CDS for the astronomical community to further study crystalline silicates.« less

Design of two-photon molecular tandem architectures for solar cells by ab initio theory

DOE PAGES

Ornso, Kristian B.; Garcia-Lastra, Juan M.; De La Torre, Gema; ...

2015-03-04

An extensive database of spectroscopic properties of molecules from ab initio calculations is used to design molecular complexes for use in tandem solar cells that convert two photons into a single electron–hole pair, thereby increasing the output voltage while covering a wider spectral range. Three different architectures are considered: the first two involve a complex consisting of two dye molecules with appropriately matched frontier orbitals, connected by a molecular diode. Optimized combinations of dye molecules are determined by taking advantage of our computational database of the structural and energetic properties of several thousand porphyrin dyes. The third design is amore » molecular analogy of the intermediate band solar cell, and involves a single dye molecule with strong intersystem crossing to ensure a long lifetime of the intermediate state. Based on the calculated energy levels and molecular orbitals, energy diagrams are presented for the individual steps in the operation of such tandem solar cells. We find that theoretical open circuit voltages of up to 1.8 V can be achieved using these tandem designs. Questions about the practical implementation of prototypical devices, such as the synthesis of the tandem molecules and potential loss mechanisms, are addressed.« less

Heterogeneous distributed query processing: The DAVID system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacobs, Barry E.

1985-01-01

The objective of the Distributed Access View Integrated Database (DAVID) project is the development of an easy to use computer system with which NASA scientists, engineers and administrators can uniformly access distributed heterogeneous databases. Basically, DAVID will be a database management system that sits alongside already existing database and file management systems. Its function is to enable users to access the data in other languages and file systems without having to learn the data manipulation languages. Given here is an outline of a talk on the DAVID project and several charts.

Final Summary of Research Report to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Cosmochemistry Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

O'D. Alexander, Conel

2003-01-01

The discovery of presolar grains in meteorites is one of the most exciting recent developments in meteoritics. Six types of presolar grain have been discovered: diamond, Sic, graphite, Si3N4, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4. These grains have been identified as presolar because their isotopic compositions are very different from those of Solar System materials. Comparison of their isotopic compositions with astronomical observations and theoretical models indicates most of the grains formed in the envelopes of highly evolved stars. They are, therefore, a new source of information with which to test astrophysical models of the evolution of these stars. In fact, because several elements can often be measured in the same grain, including elements that are not measurable spectroscopically in stars, the grain data provide some very stringent constraints for these models. Our primary goal is to create large, unbiased, multi-isotope databases of single presolar Sic, Si,N,, oxide and graphite grains in meteorites, as well as any new presolar grain types that are identified in the future. These will be used to: (i) test stellar and nucleosynthetic models, (ii) constrain the galactic chemical evolution (GCE) paths of the isotopes of Si, Ti, O and Mg, (iii) establish how many stellar sources contributed to the Solar System, (iv) constrain relative dust production rates of various stellar types and (v) assess how representative of galactic dust production the record in meteorites is. The primary tool for this project is a highly automated grain analysis system on the Carnegie 6f ion probe.

Final Summary of Research Report to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Cosmochemistry Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

O'D.Alexander, Conel

2004-01-01

The discovery of presolar grains in meteorites is one of the most exciting recent developments in meteoritics. Six types of presolar grain have been discovered: diamond, Sic, graphite, Si3N4, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4. These grains have been identified as presolar because their isotopic compositions are very different from those of Solar System materials. Comparison of their isotopic compositions with astronomical observations and theoretical models indicates most of the grains formed in the envelopes of highly evolved stars. They are, therefore, a new source of information with which to test astrophysical models of the evolution of these stars. In fact, because several elements can often be measured in the same grain, including elements that are not measurable spectroscopically in stars, the grain data provide some very stringent constraints for these models. Our primary goal is to create large, unbiased, multi-isotope databases of single presolar Sic, Si,N,, oxide and graphite grains in meteorites, as well as any new presolar grain types that are identified in the future. These will be used to: (i) test stellar and nucleosynthetic models, (ii) constrain the galactic chemical evolution (GCE) paths of the isotopes of Si, Ti, 0 and Mg, (iii) establish how many stellar sources contributed to the Solar System, (iv) constrain relative dust production rates of various stellar types and (v) assess how representative of galactic dust production the record in meteorites is. The primary tool for this project is a highly automated grain analysis system we have developed for the Carnegie 6f ion probe.

EMISSION SIGNATURES FROM SUB-PARSEC BINARY SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES. I. DIAGNOSTIC POWER OF BROAD EMISSION LINES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nguyen, Khai; Bogdanović, Tamara

Motivated by advances in observational searches for sub-parsec supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) made in the past few years, we develop a semi-analytic model to describe spectral emission-line signatures of these systems. The goal of this study is to aid the interpretation of spectroscopic searches for binaries and to help test one of the leading models of binary accretion flows in the literature: SBHB in a circumbinary disk. In this work, we present the methodology and a comparison of the preliminary model with the data. We model SBHB accretion flows as a set of three accretion disks: two mini-disks thatmore » are gravitationally bound to the individual black holes and a circumbinary disk. Given a physically motivated parameter space occupied by sub-parsec SBHBs, we calculate a synthetic database of nearly 15 million broad optical emission-line profiles and explore the dependence of the profile shapes on characteristic properties of SBHBs. We find that the modeled profiles show distinct statistical properties as a function of the semimajor axis, mass ratio, eccentricity of the binary, and the degree of alignment of the triple disk system. This suggests that the broad emission-line profiles from SBHB systems can in principle be used to infer the distribution of these parameters and as such merit further investigation. Calculated profiles are more morphologically heterogeneous than the broad emission lines in observed SBHB candidates and we discuss improved treatment of radiative transfer effects, which will allow a direct statistical comparison of the two groups.« less

Radio stars observed in the LAMOST spectral survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Li-Yun; Yue, Qiang; Lu, Hong-Peng; Han, Xian-Ming L.; Zhang, Yong; Shi, Jian-Rong; Wang, Yue-Fei; Hou, Yong-Hui; Zi-Huang, Cao

2017-09-01

Radio stars have attracted astronomers’ attention for several decades. To better understand the physics behind stellar radio emissions, it is important to study their optical behaviors. The LAMOST survey provides a large database for researching stellar spectroscopic properties of radio stars. In this work, we concentrate on their spectroscopic properties and infer physical properties from their spectra, such as stellar activity and variability. We mined big data from the LAMOST spectral survey Data Release 2 (DR2), published on 2016 June 30, by cross-matching them with radio stars from FIRST and other surveys. We obtained 783 good stellar spectra with high signal to noise ratio for 659 stars. The criteria for selection were positional coincidence within 1.5‧‧ and LAMOST objects classified as stars. We calculated the equivalent widths (EWs) of the Ca ii H&K, Hδ, Hγ, Hβ, Hα and Ca ii IRT lines by integrating the line profiles. Using the EWs of the Hα line, we detected 147 active stellar spectra of 89 objects having emissions above the Hα continuum. There were also 36 objects with repeated spectra, 28 of which showed chromospheric activity variability. Furthermore, we found 14 radio stars emitting noticeably in the Ca ii IRT lines. The low value of the EW8542/EW8498 ratio for these 14 radio stars possibly alludes to chromospheric plage regions.

A searching and reporting system for relational databases using a graph-based metadata representation.

PubMed

Hewitt, Robin; Gobbi, Alberto; Lee, Man-Ling

2005-01-01

Relational databases are the current standard for storing and retrieving data in the pharmaceutical and biotech industries. However, retrieving data from a relational database requires specialized knowledge of the database schema and of the SQL query language. At Anadys, we have developed an easy-to-use system for searching and reporting data in a relational database to support our drug discovery project teams. This system is fast and flexible and allows users to access all data without having to write SQL queries. This paper presents the hierarchical, graph-based metadata representation and SQL-construction methods that, together, are the basis of this system's capabilities.

Long-Term Photometric and Spectroscopic Behavior of a Symbiotic System AG DRA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gális, R.; Hric, L.; Petrík, K.

A symbiotic binary, AG Dra, is studied using long-term photometry and radial velocity measurements. New radial velocities confirm the presence of a second period, found in our previous analysis, which could be due to pulsation of the cool component of the AG Dra system.

Performance related issues in distributed database systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mukkamala, Ravi

1991-01-01

The key elements of research performed during the year long effort of this project are: Investigate the effects of heterogeneity in distributed real time systems; Study the requirements to TRAC towards building a heterogeneous database system; Study the effects of performance modeling on distributed database performance; and Experiment with an ORACLE based heterogeneous system.

75 FR 72873 - Privacy Act Of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-26

...) is amending two existing systems of records 121VA19, ``National Patient Databases--VA'', and 136VA19E... being amended for additional databases. DATES: Comments on the amendment of these systems of records... system identified as 121VA19, ``National Patient Databases--VA,'' as set forth in the Federal Register...

Characterization of plasmonic effects in thin films and metamaterials using spectroscopic ellipsometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oates, T. W. H.; Wormeester, H.; Arwin, H.

2011-12-01

In this article, spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of plasmon resonances at metal-dielectric interfaces of thin films are reviewed. We show how ellipsometry provides valuable non-invasive amplitude and phase information from which one can determine the effective dielectric functions, and how these relate to the material nanostructure and define exactly the plasmonic characteristics of the system. There are three related plasmons that are observable using spectroscopic ellipsometry; volume plasmon resonances, surface plasmon polaritons and particle plasmon resonances. We demonstrate that the established method of exploiting surface plasmon polaritons for chemical and biological sensing may be enhanced using the ellipsometric phase information and provide a comprehensive theoretical basis for the technique. We show how the particle and volume plasmon resonances in the ellipsometric spectra of nanoparticle films are directly related to size, surface coverage and constituent dielectric functions of the nanoparticles. The regularly observed splitting of the particle plasmon resonance is theoretically described using modified effective medium theories within the framework of ellipsometry. We demonstrate the wealth of information available from real-time in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements of metal film deposition, including the evolution of the plasmon resonances and percolation events. Finally, we discuss how generalized and Mueller matrix ellipsometry hold great potential for characterizing plasmonic metamaterials and sub-wavelength hole arrays.

Detecting transit signatures of exoplanetary rings using SOAP3.0

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akinsanmi, B.; Oshagh, M.; Santos, N. C.; Barros, S. C. C.

2018-01-01

Context. It is theoretically possible for rings to have formed around extrasolar planets in a similar way to that in which they formed around the giant planets in our solar system. However, no such rings have been detected to date. Aims: We aim to test the possibility of detecting rings around exoplanets by investigating the photometric and spectroscopic ring signatures in high-precision transit signals. Methods: The photometric and spectroscopic transit signals of a ringed planet is expected to show deviations from that of a spherical planet. We used these deviations to quantify the detectability of rings. We present SOAP3.0 which is a numerical tool to simulate ringed planet transits and measure ring detectability based on amplitudes of the residuals between the ringed planet signal and best fit ringless model. Results: We find that it is possible to detect the photometric and spectroscopic signature of near edge-on rings especially around planets with high impact parameter. Time resolution ≤7 min is required for the photometric detection, while 15 min is sufficient for the spectroscopic detection. We also show that future instruments like CHEOPS and ESPRESSO, with precisions that allow ring signatures to be well above their noise-level, present good prospects for detecting rings.

Self- and CO2-broadened line shape parameters for infrared bands of HDO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Mary-Ann H.; Malathy Devi, V.; Benner, D. Chris; Sung, Keeyoon; Mantz, Arlan W.; Gamache, Robert R.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.

2015-11-01

Knowledge of CO2-broadened HDO line widths and their temperature dependence is required to interpret infrared spectra of the atmospheres of Mars and Venus. However, this information is currently absent in most spectroscopic databases. We have analyzed nine high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of HDO and HDO+CO2 mixtures to obtain broadening coefficients and other line shape parameters for transitions of the ν2 and ν3 vibrational bands located at 7.13 and 2.70 μm, respectively. The gas samples were prepared by mixing equal amounts of high-purity distilled H2O and 99% enriched D2O. The spectra were recorded at different temperatures (255-296 K) using a 20.38 cm long coolable cell [1] installed in the sample compartment of the Bruker IFS125HR Fourier transform spectrometer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA. The retrieved HDO spectroscopic parameters include line positions, intensities, self- and CO2-broadened half-width and pressure-induced shift coefficients and the temperature dependences for CO2 broadening. These spectroscopic parameters were obtained by simultaneous multispectrum fitting [2] of the same interval in all nine spectra. A non-Voigt line shape with speed dependence was applied. Line mixing was also observed for several transition pairs. Preliminary results compare well with the few other measurements reported in the literature.[1] K. Sung et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 162, 124-134 (2010).[2] D. C. Benner et al., J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat Transfer 53, 705-721 (1995).The research performed at the College of William and Mary was supported by NASA’s Mars Fundamental Research Program (Grant NNX13AG66G). The research at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Connecticut College, Langley Research Center, and Goddard Space Flight Center was conducted under contracts and cooperative agreements with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. RRG is pleased to acknowledge support of this study by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. AGS-1156862.

WINGS-SPE II: A catalog of stellar ages and star formation histories, stellar masses and dust extinction values for local clusters galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fritz, J.; Poggianti, B. M.; Cava, A.; Valentinuzzi, T.; Moretti, A.; Bettoni, D.; Bressan, A.; Couch, W. J.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dressler, A.; Fasano, G.; Kjærgaard, P.; Moles, M.; Omizzolo, A.; Varela, J.

2011-02-01

Context. The WIde-field Nearby Galaxy clusters Survey (wings) is a project whose primary goal is to study the galaxy populations in clusters in the local universe (z < 0.07) and of the influence of environment on their stellar populations. This survey has provided the astronomical community with a high quality set of photometric and spectroscopic data for 77 and 48 nearby galaxy clusters, respectively. Aims: In this paper we present the catalog containing the properties of galaxies observed by the wings SPEctroscopic (wings-spe) survey, which were derived using stellar populations synthesis modelling approach. We also check the consistency of our results with other data in the literature. Methods: Using a spectrophotometric model that reproduces the main features of observed spectra by summing the theoretical spectra of simple stellar populations of different ages, we derive the stellar masses, star formation histories, average age and dust attenuation of galaxies in our sample. Results: ~ 5300 spectra were analyzed with spectrophotometric techniques, and this allowed us to derive the star formation history, stellar masses and ages, and extinction for the wings spectroscopic sample that we present in this paper. Conclusions: The comparison with the total mass values of the same galaxies derived by other authors based on sdss data, confirms the reliability of the adopted methods and data. Based on observations taken at the Anglo Australian Telescope (3.9 m- AAT), and at the William Herschel Telescope (4.2 m- WHT).Full Table 2 is available in electronic form both at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/526/A45, and by querying the wings database at http://web.oapd.inaf.it/wings/new/index.html

The role of simulation chambers in the development of spectroscopic techniques: campaigns at EUPHORE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ródenas, Milagros; Muñoz, Amalia; Euphore Team

2016-04-01

Simulation chambers represent a very useful tool for the study of chemical reactions and their products, but also to characterize instruments. The development of spectroscopic techniques throughout the last decades has benefited from tests and intercomparison exercises carried out in chambers. In fact, instruments can be exposed to various controlled atmospheric scenarios that account for different environmental conditions, eliminating the uncertainties associated to fluctuations of the air mass, which must be taken into account when extrapolating results to the real conditions. Hence, a given instrument can be characterized by assessing its precision, accuracy, detection limits, time response and potential interferences in the presence of other chemical compounds, aerosols, etc. This implies that the instrument can be calibrated and validated, which allows to enhance the features of the instrument. Moreover, chambers are also the scenario of intercomparison trials, permitting multiple instruments to sample from the same well-mixed air mass simultaneously. An overview of different campaigns to characterize and/or intercompare spectroscopic techniques that have taken place in simulation chambers will be given; in particular, those carried out at EUPHORE (two twin domes, 200 m3 each, Spain), where various intercomparison exercises have been deployed under the frame of European projects (e.g. TOXIC, FIONA, PSOA campaigns supported by EUROCHAMP-II). With the common aim of measuring given compounds (e.g. HONO, NO2, OH, glyoxal, m-glyoxal, etc), an important number of spectroscopic instruments and institutions have been involved in chamber experiments, having the chance to intercompare among them and also with other non-spectroscopic systems (e.g. monitors, cromatographs, etc) or model simulations.

A Markov random field based approach to the identification of meat and bone meal in feed by near-infrared spectroscopic imaging.

PubMed

Jiang, Xunpeng; Yang, Zengling; Han, Lujia

2014-07-01

Contaminated meat and bone meal (MBM) in animal feedstuff has been the source of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) disease in cattle, leading to a ban in its use, so methods for its detection are essential. In this study, five pure feed and five pure MBM samples were used to prepare two sets of sample arrangements: set A for investigating the discrimination of individual feed/MBM particles and set B for larger numbers of overlapping particles. The two sets were used to test a Markov random field (MRF)-based approach. A Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging system was used for data acquisition. The spatial resolution of the near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic image was 25 μm × 25 μm. Each spectrum was the average of 16 scans across the wavenumber range 7,000-4,000 cm(-1), at intervals of 8 cm(-1). This study introduces an innovative approach to analyzing NIR spectroscopic images: an MRF-based approach has been developed using the iterated conditional mode (ICM) algorithm, integrating initial labeling-derived results from support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVMDA) and observation data derived from the results of principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that MBM covered by feed could be successfully recognized with an overall accuracy of 86.59% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.68. Compared with conventional methods, the MRF-based approach is capable of extracting spectral information combined with spatial information from NIR spectroscopic images. This new approach enhances the identification of MBM using NIR spectroscopic imaging.

Asynchronous data change notification between database server and accelerator controls system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fu, W.; Morris, J.; Nemesure, S.

2011-10-10

Database data change notification (DCN) is a commonly used feature. Not all database management systems (DBMS) provide an explicit DCN mechanism. Even for those DBMS's which support DCN (such as Oracle and MS SQL server), some server side and/or client side programming may be required to make the DCN system work. This makes the setup of DCN between database server and interested clients tedious and time consuming. In accelerator control systems, there are many well established software client/server architectures (such as CDEV, EPICS, and ADO) that can be used to implement data reflection servers that transfer data asynchronously to anymore » client using the standard SET/GET API. This paper describes a method for using such a data reflection server to set up asynchronous DCN (ADCN) between a DBMS and clients. This method works well for all DBMS systems which provide database trigger functionality. Asynchronous data change notification (ADCN) between database server and clients can be realized by combining the use of a database trigger mechanism, which is supported by major DBMS systems, with server processes that use client/server software architectures that are familiar in the accelerator controls community (such as EPICS, CDEV or ADO). This approach makes the ADCN system easy to set up and integrate into an accelerator controls system. Several ADCN systems have been set up and used in the RHIC-AGS controls system.« less

Towards G2G: Systems of Technology Database Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maluf, David A.; Bell, David

2005-01-01

We present an approach and methodology for developing Government-to-Government (G2G) Systems of Technology Database Systems. G2G will deliver technologies for distributed and remote integration of technology data for internal use in analysis and planning as well as for external communications. G2G enables NASA managers, engineers, operational teams and information systems to "compose" technology roadmaps and plans by selecting, combining, extending, specializing and modifying components of technology database systems. G2G will interoperate information and knowledge that is distributed across organizational entities involved that is ideal for NASA future Exploration Enterprise. Key contributions of the G2G system will include the creation of an integrated approach to sustain effective management of technology investments that supports the ability of various technology database systems to be independently managed. The integration technology will comply with emerging open standards. Applications can thus be customized for local needs while enabling an integrated management of technology approach that serves the global needs of NASA. The G2G capabilities will use NASA s breakthrough in database "composition" and integration technology, will use and advance emerging open standards, and will use commercial information technologies to enable effective System of Technology Database systems.

Analysis and preliminary design of Kunming land use and planning management information system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Li; Chen, Zhenjie

2007-06-01

This article analyzes Kunming land use planning and management information system from the system building objectives and system building requirements aspects, nails down the system's users, functional requirements and construction requirements. On these bases, the three-tier system architecture based on C/S and B/S is defined: the user interface layer, the business logic layer and the data services layer. According to requirements for the construction of land use planning and management information database derived from standards of the Ministry of Land and Resources and the construction program of the Golden Land Project, this paper divides system databases into planning document database, planning implementation database, working map database and system maintenance database. In the design of the system interface, this paper uses various methods and data formats for data transmission and sharing between upper and lower levels. According to the system analysis results, main modules of the system are designed as follows: planning data management, the planning and annual plan preparation and control function, day-to-day planning management, planning revision management, decision-making support, thematic inquiry statistics, planning public participation and so on; besides that, the system realization technologies are discussed from the system operation mode, development platform and other aspects.

EasyKSORD: A Platform of Keyword Search Over Relational Databases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Zhaohui; Li, Jing; Wang, Shan

Keyword Search Over Relational Databases (KSORD) enables casual users to use keyword queries (a set of keywords) to search relational databases just like searching the Web, without any knowledge of the database schema or any need of writing SQL queries. Based on our previous work, we design and implement a novel KSORD platform named EasyKSORD for users and system administrators to use and manage different KSORD systems in a novel and simple manner. EasyKSORD supports advanced queries, efficient data-graph-based search engines, multiform result presentations, and system logging and analysis. Through EasyKSORD, users can search relational databases easily and read search results conveniently, and system administrators can easily monitor and analyze the operations of KSORD and manage KSORD systems much better.

Automating Relational Database Design for Microcomputer Users.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pu, Hao-Che

1991-01-01

Discusses issues involved in automating the relational database design process for microcomputer users and presents a prototype of a microcomputer-based system (RA, Relation Assistant) that is based on expert systems technology and helps avoid database maintenance problems. Relational database design is explained and the importance of easy input…

Database Administrator

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Pam

2010-01-01

The Internet and electronic commerce (e-commerce) generate lots of data. Data must be stored, organized, and managed. Database administrators, or DBAs, work with database software to find ways to do this. They identify user needs, set up computer databases, and test systems. They ensure that systems perform as they should and add people to the…

The Large Area KX Quasar Survey: Photometric Redshift Selection and the Complete Quasar Catalogue

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maddox, Natasha; Hewett, P. C.; Peroux, C.

2013-01-01

We have completed a large area, ˜600 square degree, spectroscopic survey for luminous quasars flux-limited in the K-band. The survey utilises the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Large Area Survey (LAS) in regions of sky within the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) footprint. We exploit the K-band excess (KX) of all quasars with respect to Galactic stars in combination with a custom-built photometric redshift/classification scheme to identify quasar candidates for spectroscopic follow-up observations. The survey is complete to K≤16.6, and includes >3200 known quasars from the SDSS, with more than 250 additional confirmed quasars from the KX-selection which eluded the SDSS quasar selection algorithm. The selection is >95% complete with respect to known SDSS quasars and >95% efficient, largely independent of redshift and magnitude. The KX-selected quasars will provide new constraints on the fraction of luminous quasars reddened by dust with E(B-V)≤0.5 mag. Several projects utilizing the KX quasars are ongoing, including a spectroscopic campaign searching for dusty quasar intervening absorption systems. The KX survey is a well-defined sample of quasars useful for investigating the properties of luminous quasars with intermediate levels of dust extinction either within their host galaxies or due to intervening absorption systems.

New precision orbits of bright double-lined spectroscopic binaries. IX. HD 54371, HR 2692, and 16 ursa majoris

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fekel, Francis C.; Williamson, Michael H.; Muterspaugh, Matthew W.

2015-02-01

With extensive sets of new radial velocities we have determined orbital elements for three previously known spectroscopic binaries, HD 54371, HR 2692, and 16 UMa. All three systems have had the lines of their secondaries detected for the first time. The orbital periods range from 16.24 to 113.23 days, and the three binaries have modestly or moderately eccentric orbits. The secondary to primary mass ratios range from 0.50 to 0.64. The orbital dimensions (a{sub 1} sin i and a{sub 2} sin i) and minimum masses (m{sub 1} sin{sup 3} i and m{sub 2} sin{sup 3} i) of the binary componentsmore » all have accuracies of ⩽1%. With our spectroscopic results and the Hipparcos data, we also have determined astrometric orbits for two of the three systems, HR 2692 and 16 UMa. The primaries of HD 54371 and 16 UMa are solar-type stars, and their secondaries are likely K or M dwarfs. The primary of HR 2692 is a late-type subgiant and its secondary is a G or K dwarf. The primaries of both HR 2692 and 16 UMa may be pseudosynchronously rotating, while that of HD 54371 is rotating faster than its pseudosynchronous velocity.« less

Spectroscopic Imaging of NIR to Visible Upconversion from NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ Nanoparticles on Au Nano-cavity Arrays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisher, Jon; Zhao, Bo; Lin, Cuikun; Berry, Mary; May, P. Stanley; Smith, Steve

2015-03-01

We use spectroscopic imaging to assess the spatial variations in upconversion luminescence from NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ nanoparticles embedded in PMMA on Au nano-cavity arrays. The nano-cavity arrays support a surface plasmon (SP) resonance at 980nm, coincident with the peak absorption of the Yb3+ sensitizer. Spatially-resolved upconversion spectra show a 30X to 3X luminescence intensity enhancement on the nano-cavity array compared to the nearby smooth Au surface, corresponding to excitation intensities from 1 W/cm2 to 300kW/cm2. Our analysis shows the power dependent enhancement in upconversion luminescence can be almost entirely accounted for by a constant shift in the effective excitation intensity, which is maintained over five orders of magnitude variation in excitation intensity. The variations in upconversion luminescence enhancement with power are modeled by a 3-level-system near the saturation limit, and by simultaneous solution of a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations, both analyses agree well with the experiments. Analysis of the statistical distribution of emission intensities in the spectroscopic images on and off the nano-cavity arrays provides an estimate of the average enhancement factor independent of fluctuations in nano-particle density. Funding provided by NSF Award # 0903685 (IGERT).

X-ray structure of a two-domain type laccase: a missing link in the evolution of multi-copper proteins.

PubMed

Komori, Hirofumi; Miyazaki, Kentaro; Higuchi, Yoshiki

2009-04-02

A multi-copper protein with two cupredoxin-like domains was identified from our in-house metagenomic database. The recombinant protein, mgLAC, contained four copper ions/subunits, oxidized various phenolic and non-phenolic substrates, and had spectroscopic properties similar to common laccases. X-ray structure analysis revealed a homotrimeric architecture for this enzyme, which resembles nitrite reductase (NIR). However, a difference in copper coordination was found at the domain interface. mgLAC contains a T2/T3 tri-nuclear copper cluster at this site, whereas a mononuclear T2 copper occupies this position in NIR. The trimer is thus an essential part of the architecture of two-domain multi-copper proteins, and mgLAC may be an evolutionary precursor of NIR.

Design of Integrated Database on Mobile Information System: A Study of Yogyakarta Smart City App

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nurnawati, E. K.; Ermawati, E.

2018-02-01

An integration database is a database which acts as the data store for multiple applications and thus integrates data across these applications (in contrast to an Application Database). An integration database needs a schema that takes all its client applications into account. The benefit of the schema that sharing data among applications does not require an extra layer of integration services on the applications. Any changes to data made in a single application are made available to all applications at the time of database commit - thus keeping the applications’ data use better synchronized. This study aims to design and build an integrated database that can be used by various applications in a mobile device based system platforms with the based on smart city system. The built-in database can be used by various applications, whether used together or separately. The design and development of the database are emphasized on the flexibility, security, and completeness of attributes that can be used together by various applications to be built. The method used in this study is to choice of the appropriate database logical structure (patterns of data) and to build the relational-database models (Design Databases). Test the resulting design with some prototype apps and analyze system performance with test data. The integrated database can be utilized both of the admin and the user in an integral and comprehensive platform. This system can help admin, manager, and operator in managing the application easily and efficiently. This Android-based app is built based on a dynamic clientserver where data is extracted from an external database MySQL. So if there is a change of data in the database, then the data on Android applications will also change. This Android app assists users in searching of Yogyakarta (as smart city) related information, especially in culture, government, hotels, and transportation.

Spectroscopic Investigation of TW Dra: Improved Stellar and System Parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tkachenko, A.; Lehmann, H.; Mkrtichian, D.

2010-12-01

We investigate the Algol-type system TW Dra by means of the new computer program Shellspec07_inverse which is specially designed for the fine-tuning of stellar and system parameters of eclipsing binaries. We derive precise atmospheric and system parameters of TW Dra with an accuracy comparable to that expected from photometric data, and give a short comparison of our results with previous determinations.

Documentation of a spatial data-base management system for monitoring pesticide application in Washington

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schurr, K.M.; Cox, S.E.

1994-01-01

The Pesticide-Application Data-Base Management System was created as a demonstration project and was tested with data submitted to the Washington State Department of Agriculture by pesticide applicators from a small geographic area. These data were entered into the Department's relational data-base system and uploaded into the system's ARC/INFO files. Locations for pesticide applica- tions are assigned within the Public Land Survey System grids, and ARC/INFO programs in the Pesticide-Application Data-Base Management System can subdivide each survey section into sixteen idealized quarter-quarter sections for display map grids. The system provides data retrieval and geographic information system plotting capabilities from a menu of seven basic retrieval options. Additionally, ARC/INFO coverages can be created from the retrieved data when required for particular applications. The Pesticide-Application Data-Base Management System, or the general principles used in the system, could be adapted to other applica- tions or to other states.

Improved sensitivity to fluorescence for cancer detection in wide-field image-guided neurosurgery

PubMed Central

Jermyn, Michael; Gosselin, Yoann; Valdes, Pablo A.; Sibai, Mira; Kolste, Kolbein; Mercier, Jeanne; Angulo, Leticia; Roberts, David W.; Paulsen, Keith D.; Petrecca, Kevin; Daigle, Olivier; Wilson, Brian C.; Leblond, Frederic

2015-01-01

In glioma surgery, Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence may identify residual tumor that could be resected while minimizing damage to normal brain. We demonstrate that improved sensitivity for wide-field spectroscopic fluorescence imaging is achieved with minimal disruption to the neurosurgical workflow using an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD) relative to a state-of-the-art CMOS system. In phantom experiments the EMCCD system can detect at least two orders-of-magnitude lower PpIX. Ex vivo tissue imaging on a rat glioma model demonstrates improved fluorescence contrast compared with neurosurgical fluorescence microscope technology, and the fluorescence detection is confirmed with measurements from a clinically-validated spectroscopic probe. Greater PpIX sensitivity in wide-field fluorescence imaging may improve the residual tumor detection during surgery with consequent impact on survival. PMID:26713218

Quantum simulation. Spectroscopic observation of SU(N)-symmetric interactions in Sr orbital magnetism.

PubMed

Zhang, X; Bishof, M; Bromley, S L; Kraus, C V; Safronova, M S; Zoller, P; Rey, A M; Ye, J

2014-09-19

SU(N) symmetry can emerge in a quantum system with N single-particle spin states when spin is decoupled from interparticle interactions. Taking advantage of the high measurement precision offered by an ultrastable laser, we report a spectroscopic observation of SU(N ≤ 10) symmetry in (87)Sr. By encoding the electronic orbital degree of freedom in two clock states while keeping the system open to as many as 10 nuclear spin sublevels, we probed the non-equilibrium two-orbital SU(N) magnetism via Ramsey spectroscopy of atoms confined in an array of two-dimensional optical traps; we studied the spin-orbital quantum dynamics and determined the relevant interaction parameters. This study lays the groundwork for using alkaline-earth atoms as testbeds for important orbital models. Copyright © 2014, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Microwave spectroscopic observation of multiple phase transitions in the bilayer electron solid in wide quantum wells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hatke, Anthony; Engel, Lloyd; Liu, Yang; Shayegan, Mansour; Pfeiffer, Loren; West, Ken; Baldwin, Kirk

2015-03-01

The termination of the low Landau filling factor (ν) fractional quantum Hall series for a single layer two dimensional system results in the formation of a pinned Wigner solid for ν < 1 / 5. In a wide quantum well the system can support a bilayer state in which interlayer and intralayer interactions become comparable, which is measured in traditional transport as an insulating state for ν < 1 / 2. We perform microwave spectroscopic studies of this bilayer state and observe that this insulator exhibits a resonance, a signature of a solid phase. Additionally, we find that as we increase the density of the well at fixed ν this bilayer solid exhibits multiple sharp reductions in the resonance amplitude vs ν. This behavior is characteristic of multiple phase transitions, which remain hidden from dc transport measurements.

Spectroscopic optical coherence tomography for ex vivo brain tumor analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lenz, Marcel; Krug, Robin; Dillmann, Christopher; Gerling, Alexandra; Gerhardt, Nils C.; Welp, Hubert; Schmieder, Kirsten; Hofmann, Martin R.

2017-02-01

For neurosurgeries precise tumor resection is essential for the subsequent recovery of the patients since nearby healthy tissue that may be harmed has a huge impact on the life quality after the surgery. However, so far no satisfying methodology has been established to assist the surgeon during surgery to distinguish between healthy and tumor tissue. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) potentially enables non-contact in vivo image acquisition at penetration depths of 1-2 mm with a resolution of approximately 1-15 μm. To analyze the potential of OCT for distinction between brain tumors and healthy tissue, we used a commercially available Thorlabs Callisto system to measure healthy tissue and meningioma samples ex vivo. All samples were measured with the OCT system and three dimensional datasets were generated. Afterwards they were sent to the pathology for staining with hematoxylin and eosin and then investigated with a bright field microscope to verify the tissue type. This is the actual gold standard for ex vivo analysis. The images taken by the OCT system exhibit variations in the structure for different tissue types, but these variations may not be objectively evaluated from raw OCT images. Since an automated distinction between tumor and healthy tissue would be highly desirable to guide the surgeon, we applied Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography to further enhance the differences between the tissue types. Pattern recognition and machine learning algorithms were applied to classify the derived spectroscopic information. Finally, the classification results are analyzed in comparison to the histological analysis of the samples.

Theoretical calculations of physico-chemical and spectroscopic properties of bioinorganic systems: current limits and perspectives.

PubMed

Rokob, Tibor András; Srnec, Martin; Rulíšek, Lubomír

2012-05-21

In the last decade, we have witnessed substantial progress in the development of quantum chemical methodologies. Simultaneously, robust solvation models and various combined quantum and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) approaches have become an integral part of quantum chemical programs. Along with the steady growth of computer power and, more importantly, the dramatic increase of the computer performance to price ratio, this has led to a situation where computational chemistry, when exercised with the proper amount of diligence and expertise, reproduces, predicts, and complements the experimental data. In this perspective, we review some of the latest achievements in the field of theoretical (quantum) bioinorganic chemistry, concentrating mostly on accurate calculations of the spectroscopic and physico-chemical properties of open-shell bioinorganic systems by wave-function (ab initio) and DFT methods. In our opinion, the one-to-one mapping between the calculated properties and individual molecular structures represents a major advantage of quantum chemical modelling since this type of information is very difficult to obtain experimentally. Once (and only once) the physico-chemical, thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of complex bioinorganic systems are quantitatively reproduced by theoretical calculations may we consider the outcome of theoretical modelling, such as reaction profiles and the various decompositions of the calculated parameters into individual spatial or physical contributions, to be reliable. In an ideal situation, agreement between theory and experiment may imply that the practical problem at hand, such as the reaction mechanism of the studied metalloprotein, can be considered as essentially solved.

Built-in hyperspectral camera for smartphone in visible, near-infrared and middle-infrared lights region (second report): sensitivity improvement of Fourier-spectroscopic imaging to detect diffuse reflection lights from internal human tissues for healthcare sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawashima, Natsumi; Hosono, Satsuki; Ishimaru, Ichiro

2016-05-01

We proposed the snapshot-type Fourier spectroscopic imaging for smartphone that was mentioned in 1st. report in this conference. For spectroscopic components analysis, such as non-invasive blood glucose sensors, the diffuse reflection lights from internal human skins are very weak for conventional hyperspectral cameras, such as AOTF (Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter) type. Furthermore, it is well known that the spectral absorption of mid-infrared lights or Raman spectroscopy especially in long wavelength region is effective to distinguish specific biomedical components quantitatively, such as glucose concentration. But the main issue was that photon energies of middle infrared lights and light intensities of Raman scattering are extremely weak. For improving sensitivity of our spectroscopic imager, the wide-field-stop & beam-expansion method was proposed. Our line spectroscopic imager introduced a single slit for field stop on the conjugate objective plane. Obviously to increase detected light intensities, the wider slit width of the field stop makes light intensities higher, regardless of deterioration of spatial resolutions. Because our method is based on wavefront-division interferometry, it becomes problems that the wider width of single slit makes the diffraction angle narrower. This means that the narrower diameter of collimated objective beams deteriorates visibilities of interferograms. By installing the relative inclined phaseshifter onto optical Fourier transform plane of infinity corrected optical systems, the collimated half flux of objective beams derived from single-bright points on objective surface penetrate through the wedge prism and the cuboid glass respectively. These two beams interfere each other and form the infererogram as spatial fringe patterns. Thus, we installed concave-cylindrical lens between the wider slit and objective lens as a beam expander. We successfully obtained the spectroscopic characters of hemoglobin from reflected lights from human fingers.

Simple re-instantiation of small databases using cloud computing.

PubMed

Tan, Tin Wee; Xie, Chao; De Silva, Mark; Lim, Kuan Siong; Patro, C Pawan K; Lim, Shen Jean; Govindarajan, Kunde Ramamoorthy; Tong, Joo Chuan; Choo, Khar Heng; Ranganathan, Shoba; Khan, Asif M

2013-01-01

Small bioinformatics databases, unlike institutionally funded large databases, are vulnerable to discontinuation and many reported in publications are no longer accessible. This leads to irreproducible scientific work and redundant effort, impeding the pace of scientific progress. We describe a Web-accessible system, available online at http://biodb100.apbionet.org, for archival and future on demand re-instantiation of small databases within minutes. Depositors can rebuild their databases by downloading a Linux live operating system (http://www.bioslax.com), preinstalled with bioinformatics and UNIX tools. The database and its dependencies can be compressed into an ".lzm" file for deposition. End-users can search for archived databases and activate them on dynamically re-instantiated BioSlax instances, run as virtual machines over the two popular full virtualization standard cloud-computing platforms, Xen Hypervisor or vSphere. The system is adaptable to increasing demand for disk storage or computational load and allows database developers to use the re-instantiated databases for integration and development of new databases. Herein, we demonstrate that a relatively inexpensive solution can be implemented for archival of bioinformatics databases and their rapid re-instantiation should the live databases disappear.

Simple re-instantiation of small databases using cloud computing

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Small bioinformatics databases, unlike institutionally funded large databases, are vulnerable to discontinuation and many reported in publications are no longer accessible. This leads to irreproducible scientific work and redundant effort, impeding the pace of scientific progress. Results We describe a Web-accessible system, available online at http://biodb100.apbionet.org, for archival and future on demand re-instantiation of small databases within minutes. Depositors can rebuild their databases by downloading a Linux live operating system (http://www.bioslax.com), preinstalled with bioinformatics and UNIX tools. The database and its dependencies can be compressed into an ".lzm" file for deposition. End-users can search for archived databases and activate them on dynamically re-instantiated BioSlax instances, run as virtual machines over the two popular full virtualization standard cloud-computing platforms, Xen Hypervisor or vSphere. The system is adaptable to increasing demand for disk storage or computational load and allows database developers to use the re-instantiated databases for integration and development of new databases. Conclusions Herein, we demonstrate that a relatively inexpensive solution can be implemented for archival of bioinformatics databases and their rapid re-instantiation should the live databases disappear. PMID:24564380

Sub-Coulomb He 3 transfer and its use to extract three-particle asymptotic normalization coefficients

DOE PAGES

Avila, M. L.; Baby, L. T.; Belarge, J.; ...

2018-01-22

In this work, data for the 13C( 6Li,t) 16O reaction, obtained in inverse kinematics at a 13C incident energy of 7.72 MeV, are presented. A distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis was used to extract spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) for the < 16O | 13C + 3He> overlaps, subject to the assumption of a fixed < 6Li | 3He + 3H> overlap. The variation of the extracted spectroscopic factors and ANCs as a function of various inputs to the DWBA calculations was explored. The extracted ANCs were found to vary as a cubic function of the radiusmore » of the potential well binding the transferred 3He to the 13C core while the spectroscopic factors varied as a quartic function of the radius. Finally, the ANC values could be determined to within a factor of two for this system.« less

Active spectroscopic measurements using the ITER diagnostic system.

PubMed

Thomas, D M; Counsell, G; Johnson, D; Vasu, P; Zvonkov, A

2010-10-01

Active (beam-based) spectroscopic measurements are intended to provide a number of crucial parameters for the ITER device being built in Cadarache, France. These measurements include the determination of impurity ion temperatures, absolute densities, and velocity profiles, as well as the determination of the plasma current density profile. Because ITER will be the first experiment to study long timescale (∼1 h) fusion burn plasmas, of particular interest is the ability to study the profile of the thermalized helium ash resulting from the slowing down and confinement of the fusion alphas. These measurements will utilize both the 1 MeV heating neutral beams and a dedicated 100 keV hydrogen diagnostic neutral beam. A number of separate instruments are being designed and built by several of the ITER partners to meet the different spectroscopic measurement needs and to provide the maximum physics information. In this paper, we describe the planned measurements, the intended diagnostic ensemble, and we will discuss specific physics and engineering challenges for these measurements in ITER.

Sub-Coulomb He 3 transfer and its use to extract three-particle asymptotic normalization coefficients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Avila, M. L.; Baby, L. T.; Belarge, J.

In this work, data for the 13C( 6Li,t) 16O reaction, obtained in inverse kinematics at a 13C incident energy of 7.72 MeV, are presented. A distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis was used to extract spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) for the < 16O | 13C + 3He> overlaps, subject to the assumption of a fixed < 6Li | 3He + 3H> overlap. The variation of the extracted spectroscopic factors and ANCs as a function of various inputs to the DWBA calculations was explored. The extracted ANCs were found to vary as a cubic function of the radiusmore » of the potential well binding the transferred 3He to the 13C core while the spectroscopic factors varied as a quartic function of the radius. Finally, the ANC values could be determined to within a factor of two for this system.« less

Sub-Coulomb 3He transfer and its use to extract three-particle asymptotic normalization coefficients

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avila, M. L.; Baby, L. T.; Belarge, J.; Keeley, N.; Kemper, K. W.; Koshchiy, E.; Kuchera, A. N.; Rogachev, G. V.; Rusek, K.; Santiago-Gonzalez, D.

2018-01-01

Data for the 13C(6Li,t )16O reaction, obtained in inverse kinematics at a 13C incident energy of 7.72 MeV, are presented. A distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis was used to extract spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) for the 〈" close="〉6Li∣3He +3H 〉">16O∣13C +3He overlaps, subject to the assumption of a fixed Multicomponent quantitative spectroscopic analysis without reference substances based on ICA modelling.

PubMed

Monakhova, Yulia B; Mushtakova, Svetlana P

2017-05-01

A fast and reliable spectroscopic method for multicomponent quantitative analysis of targeted compounds with overlapping signals in complex mixtures has been established. The innovative analytical approach is based on the preliminary chemometric extraction of qualitative and quantitative information from UV-vis and IR spectral profiles of a calibration system using independent component analysis (ICA). Using this quantitative model and ICA resolution results of spectral profiling of "unknown" model mixtures, the absolute analyte concentrations in multicomponent mixtures and authentic samples were then calculated without reference solutions. Good recoveries generally between 95% and 105% were obtained. The method can be applied to any spectroscopic data that obey the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law. The proposed method was tested on analysis of vitamins and caffeine in energy drinks and aromatic hydrocarbons in motor fuel with 10% error. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is a promising tool for rapid simultaneous multicomponent analysis in the case of spectral overlap and the absence/inaccessibility of reference materials.

Molecules of significance in planetary aeronomy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mohan, H.

1979-01-01

This monograph is basically devoted to spectroscopic information of the molecules of planetary interest. Only those molecules have been dealt with which have been confirmed spectroscopically to be present in the atmosphere of major planets of our solar system and play an important role in the aeronomy of the respective planets. An introduction giving the general conditions of planets and their atmospheres including the gaseous molecules is given. Some typical planetary spectra is presented and supported with a discussion on some basic concepts of optical absorption and molecular parameters that are important to the study of planetary atmospheres. Quantities like dipole moments, transition probabilities, Einstein coefficients and line strengths, radiative life times, absorption cross sections, oscillator strengths, line widths and profiles, equivalent widths, growth curves, bond strengths, electronic transition moments, Franck-Condon factors and r-centroids, etc., are discussed. Spectroscopic information and relevant data of 6 diatomic (HF, HCL, CO, H2, O2, N2) and 6 polyatomic (CO2, N2), O3, HeO, NH3, CH4) molecules are presented.

An effective temperature calibration for main-sequence B- to F-type stars using VJHK_{s} colors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paunzen, Ernst; Netopil, Martin; Herdin, Andreas

2017-01-01

The effective temperature is an important parameter that is needed for numerous astrophysical studies, in particular to place stars in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, for example. Although the availability of large spectroscopic surveys increased significantly in the last decade, photometric data are still much more frequent. Homogeneous photometric (all-sky) surveys provide the basis to derive the effective temperature with reasonable accuracy also for objects that are not covered by spectroscopic surveys, or are out of range for the current spectroscopic instrumentations because of too faint magnitudes. We use data of the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and broadband visual photometric measurements to derive effective temperature calibrations for the intrinsic colors (V-J), (V-H), (V-K_{s}), and (J-K_{s}), valid for B2 to F9 stars. The effective temperature calibrations are tied to the Strömgren-Crawford uvbyβ photometric system and do not depend on metallicity or rotational velocity.

The Hydrothermal Diamond Anvil Cell (HDAC) for raman spectroscopic studies of geologic fluids at high pressures and temperatures

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schmidt, Christian; Chou, I-Ming; Dubessy, Jean; Caumon, Marie-Camille; Pérez, Fernando Rull

2012-01-01

In this chapter, we describe the hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell (HDAC), which is specifically designed for experiments on systems with aqueous fluids to temperatures up to ⬚~1000ºC and pressures up to a few GPa to tens of GPa. This cell permits optical observation of the sample and the in situ determination of properties by ‘photon-in photon-out’ techniques such as Raman spectroscopy. Several methods for pressure measurement are discussed in detail including the Raman spectroscopic pressure sensors a-quartz, berlinite, zircon, cubic boron nitride (c-BN), and 13C-diamond, the fluorescence sensors ruby (α-Al2O3:Cr3+), Sm:YAG (Y3Al5O12:Sm3+) and SrB4O7:Sm2+, and measurements of phase-transition temperatures. Furthermore, we give an overview of published Raman spectroscopic studies of geological fluids to high pressures and temperatures, in which diamond anvil cells were applied.