Power Spectrum Analysis of BNL Decay-Rate Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

1/31 Power Spectrum Analysis of BNL Decay-Rate Data P.A. Sturrocka,*, J.B. Buncherb, E. Fischbachb, J.T. Gruenwaldb, D. Javorsek...Power Spectrum Analysis of BNL Decay-Rate Data 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e...spectra in the rotational search band formed from BNL data and from ACRIM total solar irradiance data. Since rotation rate estimates derived from

The application of an optical Fourier spectrum analyzer on detecting defects in mass-produced satellite photographs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Athale, R.; Lee, S. H.

1976-01-01

Various defects in mass-produced pictures transmitted to earth from a satellite are investigated. It is found that the following defects are readily detectable via Fourier spectrum analysis: (1) bit slip, (2) breakup causing loss of image, and (3) disabled track at the top of the imagery. The scratches made on the film during mass production, which are difficult to detect by visual observation, also show themselves readily in Fourier spectrum analysis. A relation is established between the number of scratches, their width and depth and the intensity of their Fourier spectra. Other defects that are found to be equally suitable for Fourier spectrum analysis or visual (image analysis) detection are synchronous loss without blurring of image, and density variation in gray scale. However, the Fourier spectrum analysis is found to be unsuitable for detection of such defects as pin holes, annotation error, synchronous loss with blurring of images, and missing image in the beginning of the work order. The design of an automated, real time system, which will reject defective films, is treated.

Instantaneous frequency time analysis of physiology signals: The application of pregnant women’s radial artery pulse signals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Su, Zhi-Yuan; Wang, Chuan-Chen; Wu, Tzuyin; Wang, Yeng-Tseng; Tang, Feng-Cheng

2008-01-01

This study used the Hilbert-Huang transform, a recently developed, instantaneous frequency-time analysis, to analyze radial artery pulse signals taken from women in their 36th week of pregnancy and after pregnancy. The acquired instantaneous frequency-time spectrum (Hilbert spectrum) is further compared with the Morlet wavelet spectrum. Results indicate that the Hilbert spectrum is especially suitable for analyzing the time series of non-stationary radial artery pulse signals since, in the Hilbert-Huang transform, signals are decomposed into different mode functions in accordance with signal’s local time scale. Therefore, the Hilbert spectrum contains more detailed information than the Morlet wavelet spectrum. From the Hilbert spectrum, we can see that radial artery pulse signals taken from women in their 36th week of pregnancy and after pregnancy have different patterns. This approach could be applied to facilitate non-invasive diagnosis of fetus’ physiological signals in the future.

2-D Acousto-Optic Signal Processors for Simultaneous Spectrum Analysis and Direction Finding

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-01

National Dfense Defence nationale 2-D ACOUSTO - OPTIC SIGNAL PROCESSORS FOR SIMULTANEOUS SPECTRUM ANALYSIS 00 AND DIRECTION FINDING (U) by NM Jim P.Y...Wr pdft .1w I0~1111191 3 05089 National DIfense Defence nationale 2-D ACOUSTO - OPTIC SIGNAL PROCESSORS FOR SIMULTANEOUS SPECTRUM ANALYSIS AND DIRECTION...Processing, J.T. Tippet et al., Eds., Chapter 38, pp. 715-748, MIT Press, Cambridge 1965. [6] A.E. Spezio," Acousto - optics for Electronic Warfare

Noncolocated Time-Reversal MUSIC: High-SNR Distribution of Null Spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ciuonzo, Domenico; Rossi, Pierluigi Salvo

2017-04-01

We derive the asymptotic distribution of the null spectrum of the well-known Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) in its computational Time-Reversal (TR) form. The result pertains to a single-frequency non-colocated multistatic scenario and several TR-MUSIC variants are here investigated. The analysis builds upon the 1st-order perturbation of the singular value decomposition and allows a simple characterization of null-spectrum moments (up to the 2nd order). This enables a comparison in terms of spectrums stability. Finally, a numerical analysis is provided to confirm the theoretical findings.

Using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient to Measure Autistic Traits in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westwood, Heather; Eisler, Ivan; Mandy, William; Leppanen, Jenni; Treasure, Janet; Tchanturia, Kate

2016-01-01

Interest in the link between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Anorexia Nervosa (AN) has led to estimates of the prevalence of autistic traits in AN. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the use of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) or abbreviated version (AQ-10) to examine whether patients with AN have elevated levels of autistic…

Smoot Cosmology Group

Science.gov Websites

, Ivone F. M.; Smoot, George F. 07/2006 Power Spectrum Analysis of Far-IR Background Fluctuations in 160 Microwave Background Anisotropies. Jeong, E.; Smoot, G. F. 2005 Power Spectrum Analysis of Far-IR Background

In Quest of the Alanine R3 Radical: Multivariate EPR Spectral Analyses of X-Irradiated Alanine in the Solid State.

PubMed

Jåstad, Eirik O; Torheim, Turid; Villeneuve, Kathleen M; Kvaal, Knut; Hole, Eli O; Sagstuen, Einar; Malinen, Eirik; Futsaether, Cecilia M

2017-09-28

The amino acid l-α-alanine is the most commonly used material for solid-state electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimetry, due to the formation of highly stable radicals upon irradiation, with yields proportional to the radiation dose. Two major alanine radical components designated R1 and R2 have previously been uniquely characterized from EPR and electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) studies as well as from quantum chemical calculations. There is also convincing experimental evidence of a third minor radical component R3, and a tentative radical structure has been suggested, even though no well-defined spectral signature has been observed experimentally. In the present study, temperature dependent EPR spectra of X-ray irradiated polycrystalline alanine were analyzed using five multivariate methods in further attempts to understand the composite nature of the alanine dosimeter EPR spectrum. Principal component analysis (PCA), maximum likelihood common factor analysis (MLCFA), independent component analysis (ICA), self-modeling mixture analysis (SMA), and multivariate curve resolution (MCR) were used to extract pure radical spectra and their fractional contributions from the experimental EPR spectra. All methods yielded spectral estimates resembling the established R1 spectrum. Furthermore, SMA and MCR consistently predicted both the established R2 spectrum and the shape of the R3 spectrum. The predicted shape of the R3 spectrum corresponded well with the proposed tentative spectrum derived from spectrum simulations. Thus, results from two independent multivariate data analysis techniques strongly support the previous evidence that three radicals are indeed present in irradiated alanine samples.

The establishment and external validation of NIR qualitative analysis model for waste polyester-cotton blend fabrics.

PubMed

Li, Feng; Li, Wen-Xia; Zhao, Guo-Liang; Tang, Shi-Jun; Li, Xue-Jiao; Wu, Hong-Mei

2014-10-01

A series of 354 polyester-cotton blend fabrics were studied by the near-infrared spectra (NIRS) technology, and a NIR qualitative analysis model for different spectral characteristics was established by partial least squares (PLS) method combined with qualitative identification coefficient. There were two types of spectrum for dying polyester-cotton blend fabrics: normal spectrum and slash spectrum. The slash spectrum loses its spectral characteristics, which are effected by the samples' dyes, pigments, matting agents and other chemical additives. It was in low recognition rate when the model was established by the total sample set, so the samples were divided into two types of sets: normal spectrum sample set and slash spectrum sample set, and two NIR qualitative analysis models were established respectively. After the of models were established the model's spectral region, pretreatment methods and factors were optimized based on the validation results, and the robustness and reliability of the model can be improved lately. The results showed that the model recognition rate was improved greatly when they were established respectively, the recognition rate reached up to 99% when the two models were verified by the internal validation. RC (relation coefficient of calibration) values of the normal spectrum model and slash spectrum model were 0.991 and 0.991 respectively, RP (relation coefficient of prediction) values of them were 0.983 and 0.984 respectively, SEC (standard error of calibration) values of them were 0.887 and 0.453 respectively, SEP (standard error of prediction) values of them were 1.131 and 0.573 respectively. A series of 150 bounds samples reached used to verify the normal spectrum model and slash spectrum model and the recognition rate reached up to 91.33% and 88.00% respectively. It showed that the NIR qualitative analysis model can be used for identification in the recycle site for the polyester-cotton blend fabrics.

Dynamic Singularity Spectrum Distribution of Sea Clutter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiong, Gang; Yu, Wenxian; Zhang, Shuning

2015-12-01

The fractal and multifractal theory have provided new approaches for radar signal processing and target-detecting under the background of ocean. However, the related research mainly focuses on fractal dimension or multifractal spectrum (MFS) of sea clutter. In this paper, a new dynamic singularity analysis method of sea clutter using MFS distribution is developed, based on moving detrending analysis (DMA-MFSD). Theoretically, we introduce the time information by using cyclic auto-correlation of sea clutter. For transient correlation series, the instantaneous singularity spectrum based on multifractal detrending moving analysis (MF-DMA) algorithm is calculated, and the dynamic singularity spectrum distribution of sea clutter is acquired. In addition, we analyze the time-varying singularity exponent ranges and maximum position function in DMA-MFSD of sea clutter. For the real sea clutter data, we analyze the dynamic singularity spectrum distribution of real sea clutter in level III sea state, and conclude that the radar sea clutter has the non-stationary and time-varying scale characteristic and represents the time-varying singularity spectrum distribution based on the proposed DMA-MFSD method. The DMA-MFSD will also provide reference for nonlinear dynamics and multifractal signal processing.

The 1943 K emission spectrum of H216O between 6600 and 7050 cm-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Czinki, Eszter; Furtenbacher, Tibor; Császár, Attila G.; Eckhardt, André K.; Mellau, Georg Ch.

2018-02-01

An emission spectrum of H216O has been recorded, with Doppler-limited resolution, at 1943 K using Hot Gas Molecular Emission (HOTGAME) spectroscopy. The wavenumber range covered is 6600 to 7050 cm-1. This work reports the analysis and subsequent assignment of close to 3700 H216O transitions out of a total of more than 6700 measured peaks. The analysis is based on the Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels (MARVEL) energy levels of H216O determined in 2013 and emission line intensities obtained from accurate variational nuclear-motion computations. The analysis of the spectrum yields about 1300 transitions not measured previously and 23 experimentally previously unidentified rovibrational energy levels. The accuracy of the line positions and intensities used in the analysis was improved with the spectrum deconvolution software SyMath via creating a peak list corresponding to the dense emission spectrum. The extensive list of labeled transitions and the new experimental energy levels obtained are deposited in the Supplementary Material of this article as well as in the ReSpecTh (http://www.respecth.hu) information system.

[Applications of three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of dissolved organic matter to identification of red tide algae].

PubMed

Lü, Gui-Cai; Zhao, Wei-Hong; Wang, Jiang-Tao

2011-01-01

The identification techniques for 10 species of red tide algae often found in the coastal areas of China were developed by combining the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of fluorescence dissolved organic matter (FDOM) from the cultured red tide algae with principal component analysis. Based on the results of principal component analysis, the first principal component loading spectrum of three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum was chosen as the identification characteristic spectrum for red tide algae, and the phytoplankton fluorescence characteristic spectrum band was established. Then the 10 algae species were tested using Bayesian discriminant analysis with a correct identification rate of more than 92% for Pyrrophyta on the level of species, and that of more than 75% for Bacillariophyta on the level of genus in which the correct identification rates were more than 90% for the phaeodactylum and chaetoceros. The results showed that the identification techniques for 10 species of red tide algae based on the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of FDOM from the cultured red tide algae and principal component analysis could work well.

[New method of mixed gas infrared spectrum analysis based on SVM].

PubMed

Bai, Peng; Xie, Wen-Jun; Liu, Jun-Hua

2007-07-01

A new method of infrared spectrum analysis based on support vector machine (SVM) for mixture gas was proposed. The kernel function in SVM was used to map the seriously overlapping absorption spectrum into high-dimensional space, and after transformation, the high-dimensional data could be processed in the original space, so the regression calibration model was established, then the regression calibration model with was applied to analyze the concentration of component gas. Meanwhile it was proved that the regression calibration model with SVM also could be used for component recognition of mixture gas. The method was applied to the analysis of different data samples. Some factors such as scan interval, range of the wavelength, kernel function and penalty coefficient C that affect the model were discussed. Experimental results show that the component concentration maximal Mean AE is 0.132%, and the component recognition accuracy is higher than 94%. The problems of overlapping absorption spectrum, using the same method for qualitative and quantitative analysis, and limit number of training sample, were solved. The method could be used in other mixture gas infrared spectrum analyses, promising theoretic and application values.

Vocational Support Approaches in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Synthesis Review of the Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicholas, David B.; Attridge, Mark; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Clarke, Margaret

2015-01-01

This synthesis-based analysis identifies and reviews studies evaluating vocational resources for adults with autism spectrum disorder. It is based on a larger systematic review of intervention studies in autism spectrum disorder, from which a critical interpretive synthesis was conducted on studies related to vocation and autism spectrum disorder.…

Heart Sound Biometric System Based on Marginal Spectrum Analysis

PubMed Central

Zhao, Zhidong; Shen, Qinqin; Ren, Fangqin

2013-01-01

This work presents a heart sound biometric system based on marginal spectrum analysis, which is a new feature extraction technique for identification purposes. This heart sound identification system is comprised of signal acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, training, and identification. Experiments on the selection of the optimal values for the system parameters are conducted. The results indicate that the new spectrum coefficients result in a significant increase in the recognition rate of 94.40% compared with that of the traditional Fourier spectrum (84.32%) based on a database of 280 heart sounds from 40 participants. PMID:23429515

The asymptotic spectra of banded Toeplitz and quasi-Toeplitz matrices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beam, Richard M.; Warming, Robert F.

1991-01-01

Toeplitz matrices occur in many mathematical, as well as, scientific and engineering investigations. This paper considers the spectra of banded Toeplitz and quasi-Toeplitz matrices with emphasis on non-normal matrices of arbitrarily large order and relatively small bandwidth. These are the type of matrices that appear in the investigation of stability and convergence of difference approximations to partial differential equations. Quasi-Toeplitz matrices are the result of non-Dirichlet boundary conditions for the difference approximations. The eigenvalue problem for a banded Toeplitz or quasi-Toeplitz matrix of large order is, in general, analytically intractable and (for non-normal matrices) numerically unreliable. An asymptotic (matrix order approaches infinity) approach partitions the eigenvalue analysis of a quasi-Toeplitz matrix into two parts, namely the analysis for the boundary condition independent spectrum and the analysis for the boundary condition dependent spectrum. The boundary condition independent spectrum is the same as the pure Toeplitz matrix spectrum. Algorithms for computing both parts of the spectrum are presented. Examples are used to demonstrate the utility of the algorithms, to present some interesting spectra, and to point out some of the numerical difficulties encountered when conventional matrix eigenvalue routines are employed for non-normal matrices of large order. The analysis for the Toeplitz spectrum also leads to a diagonal similarity transformation that improves conventional numerical eigenvalue computations. Finally, the algorithm for the asymptotic spectrum is extended to the Toeplitz generalized eigenvalue problem which occurs, for example, in the stability of Pade type difference approximations to differential equations.

Laser induced fluorescence spectrum analysis of OH from photo-dissociation of water in gas phase

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Guohua; Ye, Jingfeng; Zhang, Zhengrong; Wang, Sheng; Hu, Zhiyun; Zhao, Xinyan

2017-05-01

The OH can be generated from photo-dissociation of water in the gas phase, and the generated OH has served in tagging velocimetry using the time-flight method. The hydroxyl tagging mechanism has the advantages of non-seeding, kindly flow following character, but its application in the reaction region is limited for the fluorescence interference from nascent OH. In this paper, we explored the laser induced fluorescence spectrum of OH both from burning and photodissociation. A photo-dissociation laser induced fluorescence (PD-LIF) system with optical multichannel analysis instrument (OMA) for spectrum analysis was developed. Based on multichannel mechanism, the LIF spectrum of OH from photo-dissociation and burning were acquired simultaneously. The temporal spectrum profiles of dissociation OH both in flame and air were taken by varying the pump-probe delay. The normalized emission spectrum in flame showed a process of rotational relaxation while in air the spectrum was almost not changed. The fluorescence intensity was precisely proportional to the base states population, so we can get certain states that the OH from dissociation was predominant from the fluorescence intensity ratio of OH. This result can be further utilized for hydroxyl tagging velocimetry technology (HTV) which was less affected by burning OH.

Analysis of writing inks on paper using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Jones, Roger W; McClelland, John F

2013-09-10

Ink analysis is central to questioned document examination. We applied direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART MS) to ballpoint, gel, and fluid writing ink analysis. DART MS acquires the mass spectrum of an ink while it is still on a document without altering the appearance of the document. Spectra were acquired from ink on a variety of papers, and the spectrum of the blank paper could be subtracted out to produce a cleanly isolated ink spectrum in most cases. Only certain heavy or heavily processed papers interfered. The time since an ink is written on paper has a large effect on its spectrum. DART spectra change radically during the first few months after an ink is written as the more volatile components evaporate, but the spectra stabilize after that. A library-search study involving 166 well-aged inks assessed the ability to identify inks from their DART spectra. The aggregate success rate was 92%. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Non-invasive glucose monitor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lambert, James L. (Inventor); Borchert, Mark S. (Inventor)

2001-01-01

A non-invasive method for determining blood level of an analyte of interest, such as glucose, comprises: generating an excitation laser beam (e.g., at a wavelength of 700 to 900 nanometers); focusing the excitation laser beam into the anterior chamber of an eye of the subject so that aqueous humor in the anterior chamber is illuminated; detecting (preferably confocally detecting) a Raman spectrum from the illuminated aqueous humor; and then determining the blood glucose level (or the level of another analyte of interest) for the subject from the Raman spectrum. Preferably, the detecting step is followed by the step of subtracting a confounding fluorescence spectrum from the Raman spectrum to produce a difference spectrum; and determining the blood level of the analyte of interest for the subject from that difference spectrum, preferably using linear or nonlinear multivariate analysis such as partial least squares analysis. Apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method is also disclosed.

The Torsional Spectrum of Doubly Deuterated Methanol CHD_2OH

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ndao, M.; Coudert, L. H.; Kwabia Tchana, F.; Barros, J.; Margulès, L.; Manceron, Laurent; Roy, P.

2014-06-01

Although the torsional spectrum of several isotopic species of methanol with a symmetrical CH_3 or CD_3 was analyzed some time ago, it is recently, and only for the monodeuterated species CH_2DOH, that such an analysis was extended to the case of an asymmetrical methyl group. In this talk, based on a Fourier transform high-resolution spectrum recorded in the 20 to 670 wn region, the first analysis of the torsional spectrum of doubly deuterated methanol CHD_2OH will be presented. The Q branch of many torsional subbands could be observed and their assignment was initiated using a theoretical torsion-rotation spectrum computed with an approach accounting for the torsion-rotation Coriolis coupling and for the dependence of the generalized inertia tensor on the angle of internal rotation. 46 torsional subbands were thus assigned. For 28 of them, their rotational structure could be assigned and fitted using an effective Hamiltonian expressed as a J(J+1) expansion; and for 2 of them microwave transitions within the lower torsional level could also be included in the analysis. In several cases these analysis revealed that the torsional levels are strongly perturbed. In the talk, the torsional parameters retrieved in the analysis of the torsional subband centers will be discussed. The results of the analysis of the rotational structure of the torsional subbands will be presented and we will also try to understand the nature of the perturbations. At last, preliminary results about the analysis of the microwave spectrum will be presented. El Hilali, Coudert, Konov, and Klee, J. Chem. Phys. 135 (2011) 194309 Lauvergnat, Coudert, Klee, and Smirnov, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 256 (2009) 204 Quade, Liu, Mukhopadhyay, and Su, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 192 (1998) 378 Pearson, Yu, and Drouin, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 280 (2012) 119

Adolescent Boys with an Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Experience of Sexuality: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dewinter, Jeroen; Van Parys, Hanna; Vermeiren, Robert; van Nieuwenhuizen, Chijs

2017-01-01

This qualitative study explored how adolescent boys with autism spectrum disorder experience their sexuality. Previous research has demonstrated that sexuality is a developmental task for boys with autism spectrum disorder, as it is for their peers. Case studies have suggested a relation between autism spectrum disorder and atypical sexual…

Prevalence of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in Average-IQ Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lugo Marín, Jorge; Rodríguez-Franco, Montserrat Alviani; Mahtani Chugani, Vinita; Magán Maganto, María; Díez Villoria, Emiliano; Canal Bedia, Ricardo

2018-01-01

Since their separation as independent diagnostics, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) have been conceptualized as mutually exclusive disorders. Similarities between both disorders can lead to misdiagnosis, especially when it comes to average-IQ adults who were not identified during childhood. The aim of this…

Factor Analysis of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brinkley, Jason; Nations, Laura; Abramson, Ruth K.; Hall, Alicia; Wright, Harry H.; Gabriels, Robin; Gilbert, John R.; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A. O.; Cuccaro, Michael L.

2007-01-01

Exploratory factor analysis (varimax and promax rotations) of the aberrant behavior checklist-community version (ABC) in 275 individuals with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) identified four- and five-factor solutions which accounted for greater than 70% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis (Lisrel 8.7) revealed indices of moderate fit for…

Detecting Abnormal Word Utterances in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Machine-Learning-Based Voice Analysis Versus Speech Therapists.

PubMed

Nakai, Yasushi; Takiguchi, Tetsuya; Matsui, Gakuyo; Yamaoka, Noriko; Takada, Satoshi

2017-10-01

Abnormal prosody is often evident in the voice intonations of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. We compared a machine-learning-based voice analysis with human hearing judgments made by 10 speech therapists for classifying children with autism spectrum disorders ( n = 30) and typical development ( n = 51). Using stimuli limited to single-word utterances, machine-learning-based voice analysis was superior to speech therapist judgments. There was a significantly higher true-positive than false-negative rate for machine-learning-based voice analysis but not for speech therapists. Results are discussed in terms of some artificiality of clinician judgments based on single-word utterances, and the objectivity machine-learning-based voice analysis adds to judging abnormal prosody.

Nuclear fuel microsphere gamma analyzer

DOEpatents

Valentine, Kenneth H.; Long, Jr., Ernest L.; Willey, Melvin G.

1977-01-01

A gamma analyzer system is provided for the analysis of nuclear fuel microspheres and other radioactive particles. The system consists of an analysis turntable with means for loading, in sequence, a plurality of stations within the turntable; a gamma ray detector for determining the spectrum of a sample in one section; means for analyzing the spectrum; and a receiver turntable to collect the analyzed material in stations according to the spectrum analysis. Accordingly, particles may be sorted according to their quality; e.g., fuel particles with fractured coatings may be separated from those that are not fractured, or according to other properties.

Energy spectrum analysis - A model of echolocation processing. [in animals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, R. A.; Titlebaum, E. L.

1976-01-01

The paper proposes a frequency domain approach based on energy spectrum analysis of the combination of a signal and its echoes as the processing mechanism for the echolocation process used by bats and other animals. The mechanism is a generalized wide-band one and can account for the large diversity of wide-band signals used for orientation. The coherency in the spectrum of the signal-echo combination is shown to be equivalent to correlation.

Meta-analysis of Big Five personality traits in autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Lodi-Smith, Jennifer; Rodgers, Jonathan D; Cunningham, Sara A; Lopata, Christopher; Thomeer, Marcus L

2018-04-01

The present meta-analysis synthesizes the emerging literature on the relationship of Big Five personality traits to autism spectrum disorder. Studies were included if they (1) either (a) measured autism spectrum disorder characteristics using a metric that yielded a single score quantification of the magnitude of autism spectrum disorder characteristics and/or (b) studied individuals with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis compared to individuals without an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and (2) measured Big Five traits in the same sample or samples. Fourteen reviewed studies include both correlational analyses and group comparisons. Eighteen effect sizes per Big Five trait were used to calculate two overall effect sizes per trait. Meta-analytic effects were calculated using random effects models. Twelve effects (per trait) from nine studies reporting correlations yielded a negative association between each Big Five personality trait and autism spectrum disorder characteristics (Fisher's z ranged from -.21 (conscientiousness) to -.50 (extraversion)). Six group contrasts (per trait) from six studies comparing individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder to neurotypical individuals were also substantial (Hedges' g ranged from -.88 (conscientiousness) to -1.42 (extraversion)). The potential impact of personality on important life outcomes and new directions for future research on personality in autism spectrum disorder are discussed in light of results.

[Tobacco quality analysis of industrial classification of different years using near-infrared (NIR) spectrum].

PubMed

Wang, Yi; Xiang, Ma; Wen, Ya-Dong; Yu, Chun-Xia; Wang, Luo-Ping; Zhao, Long-Lian; Li, Jun-Hui

2012-11-01

In this study, tobacco quality analysis of main Industrial classification of different years was carried out applying spectrum projection and correlation methods. The group of data was near-infrared (NIR) spectrum from Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd. 5730 tobacco leaf Industrial classification samples from Yuxi in Yunnan province from 2007 to 2010 year were collected using near infrared spectroscopy, which from different parts and colors and all belong to tobacco varieties of HONGDA. The conclusion showed that, when the samples were divided to two part by the ratio of 2:1 randomly as analysis and verification sets in the same year, the verification set corresponded with the analysis set applying spectrum projection because their correlation coefficients were above 0.98. The correlation coefficients between two different years applying spectrum projection were above 0.97. The highest correlation coefficient was the one between 2008 and 2009 year and the lowest correlation coefficient was the one between 2007 and 2010 year. At the same time, The study discussed a method to get the quantitative similarity values of different industrial classification samples. The similarity and consistency values were instructive in combination and replacement of tobacco leaf blending.

Feeding Problems and Nutrient Intake in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharp, William G.; Berry, Rashelle C.; McCracken, Courtney; Nuhu, Nadrat N.; Marvel, Elizabeth; Saulnier, Celine A.; Klin, Ami; Jones, Warren; Jaquess, David L.

2013-01-01

We conducted a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of research regarding feeding problems and nutrient status among children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The systematic search yielded 17 prospective studies involving a comparison group. Using rigorous meta-analysis techniques, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) with…

Nuclear reaction analysis for H, Li, Be, B, C, N, O and F with an RBS check

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lanford, W. A.; Parenti, M.; Nordell, B. J.

2015-11-12

In this paper, 15N nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) for H is combined with 1.2 MeV deuteron (D) NRA which provides a simultaneous analysis for Li, Be, B, C, N, O and F. The energy dependence of the D NRA has been measured and used to correct for the D energy loss in film being analyzed. A 2 MeV He RBS measurement is made. Film composition is determined by a self-consistent analysis of the light element NRA data combined with an RBS analysis for heavy elements. This composition is used to simulate, with no adjustable parameters, the complete RBS spectrum. Finally,more » comparison of this simulated RBS spectrum with the measured spectrum provides a powerful check of the analysis.« less

Performance analysis of fusion nuclear-data benchmark experiments for light to heavy materials in MeV energy region with a neutron spectrum shifter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murata, Isao; Ohta, Masayuki; Miyamaru, Hiroyuki; Kondo, Keitaro; Yoshida, Shigeo; Iida, Toshiyuki; Ochiai, Kentaro; Konno, Chikara

2011-10-01

Nuclear data are indispensable for development of fusion reactor candidate materials. However, benchmarking of the nuclear data in MeV energy region is not yet adequate. In the present study, benchmark performance in the MeV energy region was investigated theoretically for experiments by using a 14 MeV neutron source. We carried out a systematical analysis for light to heavy materials. As a result, the benchmark performance for the neutron spectrum was confirmed to be acceptable, while for gamma-rays it was not sufficiently accurate. Consequently, a spectrum shifter has to be applied. Beryllium had the best performance as a shifter. Moreover, a preliminary examination of whether it is really acceptable that only the spectrum before the last collision is considered in the benchmark performance analysis. It was pointed out that not only the last collision but also earlier collisions should be considered equally in the benchmark performance analysis.

NREL Spectrum of Clean Energy Innovation (Brochure)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

2011-09-01

This brochure describes the NREL Spectrum of Clean Energy Innovation, which includes analysis and decision support, fundamental science, market relevant research, systems integration, testing and validation, commercialization and deployment. Through deep technical expertise and an unmatched breadth of capabilities, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) leads an integrated approach across the spectrum of renewable energy innovation. From scientific discovery to accelerating market deployment, NREL works in partnership with private industry to drive the transformation of our nation's energy systems. NREL integrates the entire spectrum of innovation, including fundamental science, market relevant research, systems integration, testing and validation, commercialization, and deployment.more » Our world-class analysis and decision support informs every point on the spectrum. The innovation process at NREL is inter-dependent and iterative. Many scientific breakthroughs begin in our own laboratories, but new ideas and technologies may come to NREL at any point along the innovation spectrum to be validated and refined for commercial use.« less

Finite wordlength implementation of a megachannel digital spectrum analyzer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Satorius, E. H.; Grimm, M. J.; Zimmerman, G. A.; Wilck, H. C.

1986-01-01

The results of an extensive system analysis of the megachannel spectrum analyzer currently being developed for use in various applications of the Deep Space Network are presented. The intent of this analysis is to quantify the effects of digital quantization errors on system performance. The results of this analysis provide useful guidelines for choosing various system design parameters to enhance system performance.

A novel power harmonic analysis method based on Nuttall-Kaiser combination window double spectrum interpolated FFT algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Tao; Chen, Yiyang; Flesch, Rodolfo C. C.

2017-11-01

Harmonics pose a great threat to safe and economical operation of power grids. Therefore, it is critical to detect harmonic parameters accurately to design harmonic compensation equipment. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is widely used for electrical popular power harmonics analysis. However, the barrier effect produced by the algorithm itself and spectrum leakage caused by asynchronous sampling often affects the harmonic analysis accuracy. This paper examines a new approach for harmonic analysis based on deducing the modifier formulas of frequency, phase angle, and amplitude, utilizing the Nuttall-Kaiser window double spectrum line interpolation method, which overcomes the shortcomings in traditional FFT harmonic calculations. The proposed approach is verified numerically and experimentally to be accurate and reliable.

Spectral saliency via automatic adaptive amplitude spectrum analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xiaodong; Dai, Jialun; Zhu, Yafei; Zheng, Haiyong; Qiao, Xiaoyan

2016-03-01

Suppressing nonsalient patterns by smoothing the amplitude spectrum at an appropriate scale has been shown to effectively detect the visual saliency in the frequency domain. Different filter scales are required for different types of salient objects. We observe that the optimal scale for smoothing amplitude spectrum shares a specific relation with the size of the salient region. Based on this observation and the bottom-up saliency detection characterized by spectrum scale-space analysis for natural images, we propose to detect visual saliency, especially with salient objects of different sizes and locations via automatic adaptive amplitude spectrum analysis. We not only provide a new criterion for automatic optimal scale selection but also reserve the saliency maps corresponding to different salient objects with meaningful saliency information by adaptive weighted combination. The performance of quantitative and qualitative comparisons is evaluated by three different kinds of metrics on the four most widely used datasets and one up-to-date large-scale dataset. The experimental results validate that our method outperforms the existing state-of-the-art saliency models for predicting human eye fixations in terms of accuracy and robustness.

Frontal networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder

PubMed Central

Catani, Marco; Dell’Acqua, Flavio; Budisavljevic, Sanja; Howells, Henrietta; Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel; Froudist-Walsh, Seán; D’Anna, Lucio; Thompson, Abigail; Sandrone, Stefano; Bullmore, Edward T.; Suckling, John; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Lombardo, Michael V.; Wheelwright, Sally J.; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev; Lai, Meng-Chuan; Ruigrok, Amber N. V.; Leemans, Alexander; Ecker, Christine; Consortium, MRC AIMS; Craig, Michael C.

2016-01-01

Abstract It has been postulated that autism spectrum disorder is underpinned by an ‘atypical connectivity’ involving higher-order association brain regions. To test this hypothesis in a large cohort of adults with autism spectrum disorder we compared the white matter networks of 61 adult males with autism spectrum disorder and 61 neurotypical controls, using two complementary approaches to diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. First, we applied tract-based spatial statistics, a ‘whole brain’ non-hypothesis driven method, to identify differences in white matter networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Following this we used a tract-specific analysis, based on tractography, to carry out a more detailed analysis of individual tracts identified by tract-based spatial statistics. Finally, within the autism spectrum disorder group, we studied the relationship between diffusion measures and autistic symptom severity. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed that autism spectrum disorder was associated with significantly reduced fractional anisotropy in regions that included frontal lobe pathways. Tractography analysis of these specific pathways showed increased mean and perpendicular diffusivity, and reduced number of streamlines in the anterior and long segments of the arcuate fasciculus, cingulum and uncinate—predominantly in the left hemisphere. Abnormalities were also evident in the anterior portions of the corpus callosum connecting left and right frontal lobes. The degree of microstructural alteration of the arcuate and uncinate fasciculi was associated with severity of symptoms in language and social reciprocity in childhood. Our results indicated that autism spectrum disorder is a developmental condition associated with abnormal connectivity of the frontal lobes. Furthermore our findings showed that male adults with autism spectrum disorder have regional differences in brain anatomy, which correlate with specific aspects of autistic symptoms. Overall these results suggest that autism spectrum disorder is a condition linked to aberrant developmental trajectories of the frontal networks that persist in adult life. PMID:26912520

Frontal networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Catani, Marco; Dell'Acqua, Flavio; Budisavljevic, Sanja; Howells, Henrietta; Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel; Froudist-Walsh, Seán; D'Anna, Lucio; Thompson, Abigail; Sandrone, Stefano; Bullmore, Edward T; Suckling, John; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Lombardo, Michael V; Wheelwright, Sally J; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev; Lai, Meng-Chuan; Ruigrok, Amber N V; Leemans, Alexander; Ecker, Christine; Consortium, Mrc Aims; Craig, Michael C; Murphy, Declan G M

2016-02-01

It has been postulated that autism spectrum disorder is underpinned by an 'atypical connectivity' involving higher-order association brain regions. To test this hypothesis in a large cohort of adults with autism spectrum disorder we compared the white matter networks of 61 adult males with autism spectrum disorder and 61 neurotypical controls, using two complementary approaches to diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. First, we applied tract-based spatial statistics, a 'whole brain' non-hypothesis driven method, to identify differences in white matter networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Following this we used a tract-specific analysis, based on tractography, to carry out a more detailed analysis of individual tracts identified by tract-based spatial statistics. Finally, within the autism spectrum disorder group, we studied the relationship between diffusion measures and autistic symptom severity. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed that autism spectrum disorder was associated with significantly reduced fractional anisotropy in regions that included frontal lobe pathways. Tractography analysis of these specific pathways showed increased mean and perpendicular diffusivity, and reduced number of streamlines in the anterior and long segments of the arcuate fasciculus, cingulum and uncinate--predominantly in the left hemisphere. Abnormalities were also evident in the anterior portions of the corpus callosum connecting left and right frontal lobes. The degree of microstructural alteration of the arcuate and uncinate fasciculi was associated with severity of symptoms in language and social reciprocity in childhood. Our results indicated that autism spectrum disorder is a developmental condition associated with abnormal connectivity of the frontal lobes. Furthermore our findings showed that male adults with autism spectrum disorder have regional differences in brain anatomy, which correlate with specific aspects of autistic symptoms. Overall these results suggest that autism spectrum disorder is a condition linked to aberrant developmental trajectories of the frontal networks that persist in adult life. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

[A method for the analysis of overlapped peaks in the high performance liquid chromatogram based on spectrum analysis].

PubMed

Liu, Bao; Fan, Xiaoming; Huo, Shengnan; Zhou, Lili; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Hui; Hu, Mei; Zhu, Jianhua

2011-12-01

A method was established to analyse the overlapped chromatographic peaks based on the chromatographic-spectra data detected by the diode-array ultraviolet detector. In the method, the three-dimensional data were de-noised and normalized firstly; secondly the differences and clustering analysis of the spectra at different time points were calculated; then the purity of the whole chromatographic peak were analysed and the region were sought out in which the spectra of different time points were stable. The feature spectra were extracted from the spectrum-stable region as the basic foundation. The nonnegative least-square method was chosen to separate the overlapped peaks and get the flow curve which was based on the feature spectrum. The three-dimensional divided chromatographic-spectrum peak could be gained by the matrix operations of the feature spectra with the flow curve. The results displayed that this method could separate the overlapped peaks.

Spectrum analysis on quality requirements consideration in software design documents.

PubMed

Kaiya, Haruhiko; Umemura, Masahiro; Ogata, Shinpei; Kaijiri, Kenji

2013-12-01

Software quality requirements defined in the requirements analysis stage should be implemented in the final products, such as source codes and system deployment. To guarantee this meta-requirement, quality requirements should be considered in the intermediate stages, such as the design stage or the architectural definition stage. We propose a novel method for checking whether quality requirements are considered in the design stage. In this method, a technique called "spectrum analysis for quality requirements" is applied not only to requirements specifications but also to design documents. The technique enables us to derive the spectrum of a document, and quality requirements considerations in the document are numerically represented in the spectrum. We can thus objectively identify whether the considerations of quality requirements in a requirements document are adapted to its design document. To validate the method, we applied it to commercial software systems with the help of a supporting tool, and we confirmed that the method worked well.

[Analysis of visible extinction spectrum of particle system and selection of optimal wavelength].

PubMed

Sun, Xiao-gang; Tang, Hong; Yuan, Gui-bin

2008-09-01

In the total light scattering particle sizing technique, the extinction spectrum of particle system contains some information about the particle size and refractive index. The visible extinction spectra of the common monomodal and biomodal R-R particle size distribution were computed, and the variation in the visible extinction spectrum with the particle size and refractive index was analyzed. The corresponding wavelengths were selected as the measurement wavelengths at which the second order differential extinction spectrum was discontinuous. Furthermore, the minimum and the maximum wavelengths in the visible region were also selected as the measurement wavelengths. The genetic algorithm was used as the inversion method under the dependent model The computer simulation and experiments illustrate that it is feasible to make an analysis of the extinction spectrum and use this selection method of the optimal wavelength in the total light scattering particle sizing. The rough contour of the particle size distribution can be determined after the analysis of visible extinction spectrum, so the search range of the particle size parameter is reduced in the optimal algorithm, and then a more accurate inversion result can be obtained using the selection method. The inversion results of monomodal and biomodal distribution are all still satisfactory when 1% stochastic noise is put in the transmission extinction measurement values.

All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Altmann, D.; Andeen, K.; Auffenberg, J.; Bai, X.; Baker, M.; Barwick, S. W.; Baum, V.; Bay, R.; Bazo Alba, J. L.; Beattie, K.; Beatty, J. J.; Bechet, S.; Becker, J. K.; Becker, K.-H.; Bell, M.; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; BenZvi, S.; Berdermann, J.; Berghaus, P.; Berley, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bertrand, D.; Besson, D. Z.; Bindig, D.; Bissok, M.; Blaufuss, E.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Bohm, C.; Bose, D.; Böser, S.; Botner, O.; Brayeur, L.; Brown, A. M.; Buitink, S.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Carson, M.; Casier, M.; Chirkin, D.; Christy, B.; Clevermann, F.; Cohen, S.; Cowen, D. F.; Cruz Silva, A. H.; D'Agostino, M. V.; Danninger, M.; Daughhetee, J.; Davis, J. C.; De Clercq, C.; Degner, T.; Descamps, F.; Desiati, P.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; DeYoung, T.; Díaz-Vélez, J. C.; Dreyer, J.; Dumm, J. P.; Dunkman, M.; Eisch, J.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Engdegård, O.; Euler, S.; Evenson, P. A.; Fadiran, O.; Fazely, A. R.; Fedynitch, A.; Feintzeig, J.; Feusels, T.; Filimonov, K.; Finley, C.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Flis, S.; Franckowiak, A.; Franke, R.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gallagher, J.; Gerhardt, L.; Gladstone, L.; Glüsenkamp, T.; Goldschmidt, A.; Goodman, J. A.; Góra, D.; Grant, D.; Groß, A.; Grullon, S.; Gurtner, M.; Ha, C.; Haj Ismail, A.; Hallgren, A.; Halzen, F.; Han, K.; Hanson, K.; Heereman, D.; Heimann, P.; Heinen, D.; Helbing, K.; Hellauer, R.; Hickford, S.; Hill, G. C.; Hoffman, K. D.; Hoffmann, B.; Homeier, A.; Hoshina, K.; Huelsnitz, W.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Hussain, S.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobi, E.; Jacobsen, J.; Japaridze, G. S.; Johansson, H.; Kappes, A.; Karg, T.; Karle, A.; Kiryluk, J.; Kislat, F.; Klein, S. R.; Klepser, S.; Köhne, J.-H.; Kohnen, G.; Kolanoski, H.; Köpke, L.; Kopper, S.; Koskinen, D. J.; Kowalski, M.; Krasberg, M.; Kroll, G.; Kunnen, J.; Kurahashi, N.; Kuwabara, T.; Labare, M.; Laihem, K.; Landsman, H.; Larson, M. J.; Lauer, R.; Lünemann, J.; Madsen, J.; Maruyama, R.; Mase, K.; Matis, H. S.; Meagher, K.; Merck, M.; Mészáros, P.; Meures, T.; Miarecki, S.; Middell, E.; Milke, N.; Miller, J.; Montaruli, T.; Morse, R.; Movit, S. M.; Nahnhauer, R.; Nam, J. W.; Naumann, U.; Nowicki, S. C.; Nygren, D. R.; Odrowski, S.; Olivas, A.; Olivo, M.; O'Murchadha, A.; Panknin, S.; Paul, L.; Pérez de los Heros, C.; Pieloth, D.; Posselt, J.; Price, P. B.; Przybylski, G. T.; Rawlins, K.; Redl, P.; Resconi, E.; Rhode, W.; Ribordy, M.; Richman, M.; Riedel, B.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Rothmaier, F.; Rott, C.; Ruhe, T.; Rutledge, D.; Ruzybayev, B.; Ryckbosch, D.; Sander, H.-G.; Santander, M.; Sarkar, S.; Schatto, K.; Scheel, M.; Schmidt, T.; Schöneberg, S.; Schönwald, A.; Schukraft, A.; Schulte, L.; Schultes, A.; Schulz, O.; Schunck, M.; Seckel, D.; Semburg, B.; Seo, S. H.; Sestayo, Y.; Seunarine, S.; Silvestri, A.; Smith, M. W. E.; Spiczak, G. M.; Spiering, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Stanev, T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Stößl, A.; Strahler, E. A.; Ström, R.; Stüer, M.; Sullivan, G. W.; Taavola, H.; Taboada, I.; Tamburro, A.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Tilav, S.; Toale, P. A.; Toscano, S.; Tosi, D.; van Eijndhoven, N.; Van Overloop, A.; van Santen, J.; Vehring, M.; Voge, M.; Walck, C.; Waldenmaier, T.; Wallraff, M.; Walter, M.; Wasserman, R.; Weaver, Ch.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wiebe, K.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Williams, D. R.; Wischnewski, R.; Wissing, H.; Wolf, M.; Wood, T. R.; Woschnagg, K.; Xu, C.; Xu, D. L.; Xu, X. W.; Yanez, J. P.; Yodh, G.; Yoshida, S.; Zarzhitsky, P.; Zoll, M.

2013-04-01

We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km2. The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.

Application of power spectrum, cepstrum, higher order spectrum and neural network analyses for induction motor fault diagnosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liang, B.; Iwnicki, S. D.; Zhao, Y.

2013-08-01

The power spectrum is defined as the square of the magnitude of the Fourier transform (FT) of a signal. The advantage of FT analysis is that it allows the decomposition of a signal into individual periodic frequency components and establishes the relative intensity of each component. It is the most commonly used signal processing technique today. If the same principle is applied for the detection of periodicity components in a Fourier spectrum, the process is called the cepstrum analysis. Cepstrum analysis is a very useful tool for detection families of harmonics with uniform spacing or the families of sidebands commonly found in gearbox, bearing and engine vibration fault spectra. Higher order spectra (HOS) (also known as polyspectra) consist of higher order moment of spectra which are able to detect non-linear interactions between frequency components. For HOS, the most commonly used is the bispectrum. The bispectrum is the third-order frequency domain measure, which contains information that standard power spectral analysis techniques cannot provide. It is well known that neural networks can represent complex non-linear relationships, and therefore they are extremely useful for fault identification and classification. This paper presents an application of power spectrum, cepstrum, bispectrum and neural network for fault pattern extraction of induction motors. The potential for using the power spectrum, cepstrum, bispectrum and neural network as a means for differentiating between healthy and faulty induction motor operation is examined. A series of experiments is done and the advantages and disadvantages between them are discussed. It has been found that a combination of power spectrum, cepstrum and bispectrum plus neural network analyses could be a very useful tool for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of induction motors.

Primordial power spectrum from Planck

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hazra, Dhiraj Kumar; Shafieloo, Arman; Souradeep, Tarun, E-mail: dhiraj@apctp.org, E-mail: arman@apctp.org, E-mail: tarun@iucaa.ernet.in

2014-11-01

Using modified Richardson-Lucy algorithm we reconstruct the primordial power spectrum (PPS) from Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy data. In our analysis we use different combinations of angular power spectra from Planck to reconstruct the shape of the primordial power spectrum and locate possible features. Performing an extensive error analysis we found the dip near ℓ ∼ 750–850 represents the most prominent feature in the data. Feature near ℓ ∼ 1800–2000 is detectable with high confidence only in 217 GHz spectrum and is apparently consequence of a small systematic as described in the revised Planck 2013 papers. Fixing the background cosmological parameters andmore » the foreground nuisance parameters to their best fit baseline values, we report that the best fit power law primordial power spectrum is consistent with the reconstructed form of the PPS at 2σ C.L. of the estimated errors (apart from the local features mentioned above). As a consistency test, we found the reconstructed primordial power spectrum from Planck temperature data can also substantially improve the fit to WMAP-9 angular power spectrum data (with respect to power-law form of the PPS) allowing an overall amplitude shift of ∼ 2.5%. In this context low-ℓ and 100 GHz spectrum from Planck which have proper overlap in the multipole range with WMAP data found to be completely consistent with WMAP-9 (allowing amplitude shift). As another important result of our analysis we do report the evidence of gravitational lensing through the reconstruction analysis. Finally we present two smooth form of the PPS containing only the important features. These smooth forms of PPS can provide significant improvements in fitting the data (with respect to the power law PPS) and can be helpful to give hints for inflationary model building.« less

Principal component analysis of normalized full spectrum mass spectrometry data in multiMS-toolbox: An effective tool to identify important factors for classification of different metabolic patterns and bacterial strains.

PubMed

Cejnar, Pavel; Kuckova, Stepanka; Prochazka, Ales; Karamonova, Ludmila; Svobodova, Barbora

2018-06-15

Explorative statistical analysis of mass spectrometry data is still a time-consuming step. We analyzed critical factors for application of principal component analysis (PCA) in mass spectrometry and focused on two whole spectrum based normalization techniques and their application in the analysis of registered peak data and, in comparison, in full spectrum data analysis. We used this technique to identify different metabolic patterns in the bacterial culture of Cronobacter sakazakii, an important foodborne pathogen. Two software utilities, the ms-alone, a python-based utility for mass spectrometry data preprocessing and peak extraction, and the multiMS-toolbox, an R software tool for advanced peak registration and detailed explorative statistical analysis, were implemented. The bacterial culture of Cronobacter sakazakii was cultivated on Enterobacter sakazakii Isolation Agar, Blood Agar Base and Tryptone Soya Agar for 24 h and 48 h and applied by the smear method on an Autoflex speed MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer. For three tested cultivation media only two different metabolic patterns of Cronobacter sakazakii were identified using PCA applied on data normalized by two different normalization techniques. Results from matched peak data and subsequent detailed full spectrum analysis identified only two different metabolic patterns - a cultivation on Enterobacter sakazakii Isolation Agar showed significant differences to the cultivation on the other two tested media. The metabolic patterns for all tested cultivation media also proved the dependence on cultivation time. Both whole spectrum based normalization techniques together with the full spectrum PCA allow identification of important discriminative factors in experiments with several variable condition factors avoiding any problems with improper identification of peaks or emphasis on bellow threshold peak data. The amounts of processed data remain still manageable. Both implemented software utilities are available free of charge from http://uprt.vscht.cz/ms. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hot background” of the mobile inelastic neutron scattering system for soil carbon analysis

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The problem of gamma spectrum peaks identification arises when conducting soil carbon (and other elements) analysis using the mobile inelastic neutron scattering (MINS) system. Some gamma spectrum peaks could be associated with radioisotopes appearing due to neutron activation of both the MINS syste...

Facial Structure Analysis Separates Autism Spectrum Disorders into Meaningful Clinical Subgroups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Obafemi-Ajayi, Tayo; Miles, Judith H.; Takahashi, T. Nicole; Qi, Wenchuan; Aldridge, Kristina; Zhang, Minqi; Xin, Shi-Qing; He, Ying; Duan, Ye

2015-01-01

Varied cluster analysis were applied to facial surface measurements from 62 prepubertal boys with essential autism to determine whether facial morphology constitutes viable biomarker for delineation of discrete Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) subgroups. Earlier study indicated utility of facial morphology for autism subgrouping (Aldridge et al. in…

2009 Autism Spectrum Disorder Research: Portfolio Analysis Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, 2011

2011-01-01

In 2010, the Office of Autism Research Coordination (OARC) and Acclaro Research Solutions, Inc., on behalf of the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC), conducted a comprehensive analysis of the 2009 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research portfolio of major Federal agencies and private organizations. This is the second annual analysis…

Is Neonatal Jaundice Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amin, Sanjiv B.; Smith, Tristram; Wang, Hongyue

2011-01-01

Using guidelines of the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Group, we systematically reviewed the literature on neonatal jaundice (unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in term and preterm infants. Thirteen studies were included in a meta-analysis. Most used retrospective matched case-control…

On Transform Domain Communication Systems under Spectrum Sensing Mismatch: A Deterministic Analysis.

PubMed

Jin, Chuanxue; Hu, Su; Huang, Yixuan; Luo, Qu; Huang, Dan; Li, Yi; Gao, Yuan; Cheng, Shaochi

2017-07-08

Towards the era of mobile Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT), numerous sensors and devices are being introduced and interconnected. To support such an amount of data traffic, traditional wireless communication technologies are facing challenges both in terms of the increasing shortage of spectrum resources and massive multiple access. The transform-domain communication system (TDCS) is considered as an alternative multiple access system, where 5G and mobile IoT are mainly focused. However, previous studies about TDCS are under the assumption that the transceiver has the global spectrum information, without the consideration of spectrum sensing mismatch (SSM). In this paper, we present the deterministic analysis of TDCS systems under arbitrary given spectrum sensing scenarios, especially the influence of the SSM pattern to the signal to noise ratio (SNR) performance. Simulation results show that arbitrary SSM pattern can lead to inferior bit error rate (BER) performance.

THE MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY 21 cm POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jacobs, Daniel C.; Beardsley, A. P.; Bowman, Judd D.

2016-07-10

We present the 21 cm power spectrum analysis approach of the Murchison Widefield Array Epoch of Reionization project. In this paper, we compare the outputs of multiple pipelines for the purpose of validating statistical limits cosmological hydrogen at redshifts between 6 and 12. Multiple independent data calibration and reduction pipelines are used to make power spectrum limits on a fiducial night of data. Comparing the outputs of imaging and power spectrum stages highlights differences in calibration, foreground subtraction, and power spectrum calculation. The power spectra found using these different methods span a space defined by the various tradeoffs between speed,more » accuracy, and systematic control. Lessons learned from comparing the pipelines range from the algorithmic to the prosaically mundane; all demonstrate the many pitfalls of neglecting reproducibility. We briefly discuss the way these different methods attempt to handle the question of evaluating a significant detection in the presence of foregrounds.« less

Study on Stationarity of Random Load Spectrum Based on the Special Road

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Huawen; Zhang, Weigong; Wang, Dong

2017-09-01

In the special road quality assessment method, there is a method using a wheel force sensor, the essence of this method is collecting the load spectrum of the car to reflect the quality of road. According to the definition of stochastic process, it is easy to find that the load spectrum is a stochastic process. However, the analysis method and application range of different random processes are very different, especially in engineering practice, which will directly affect the design and development of the experiment. Therefore, determining the type of a random process has important practical significance. Based on the analysis of the digital characteristics of road load spectrum, this paper determines that the road load spectrum in this experiment belongs to a stationary stochastic process, paving the way for the follow-up modeling and feature extraction of the special road.

Integrated fluorescence analysis system

DOEpatents

Buican, Tudor N.; Yoshida, Thomas M.

1992-01-01

An integrated fluorescence analysis system enables a component part of a sample to be virtually sorted within a sample volume after a spectrum of the component part has been identified from a fluorescence spectrum of the entire sample in a flow cytometer. Birefringent optics enables the entire spectrum to be resolved into a set of numbers representing the intensity of spectral components of the spectrum. One or more spectral components are selected to program a scanning laser microscope, preferably a confocal microscope, whereby the spectrum from individual pixels or voxels in the sample can be compared. Individual pixels or voxels containing the selected spectral components are identified and an image may be formed to show the morphology of the sample with respect to only those components having the selected spectral components. There is no need for any physical sorting of the sample components to obtain the morphological information.

Melanin and blood concentration in human skin studied by multiple regression analysis: experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shimada, M.; Yamada, Y.; Itoh, M.; Yatagai, T.

2001-09-01

Knowledge of the mechanism of human skin colour and measurement of melanin and blood concentration in human skin are needed in the medical and cosmetic fields. The absorbance spectrum from reflectance at the visible wavelength of human skin increases under several conditions such as a sunburn or scalding. The change of the absorbance spectrum from reflectance including the scattering effect does not correspond to the molar absorption spectrum of melanin and blood. The modified Beer-Lambert law is applied to the change in the absorbance spectrum from reflectance of human skin as the change in melanin and blood is assumed to be small. The concentration of melanin and blood was estimated from the absorbance spectrum reflectance of human skin using multiple regression analysis. Estimated concentrations were compared with the measured one in a phantom experiment and this method was applied to in vivo skin.

On Transform Domain Communication Systems under Spectrum Sensing Mismatch: A Deterministic Analysis

PubMed Central

Jin, Chuanxue; Hu, Su; Huang, Yixuan; Luo, Qu; Huang, Dan; Li, Yi; Cheng, Shaochi

2017-01-01

Towards the era of mobile Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT), numerous sensors and devices are being introduced and interconnected. To support such an amount of data traffic, traditional wireless communication technologies are facing challenges both in terms of the increasing shortage of spectrum resources and massive multiple access. The transform-domain communication system (TDCS) is considered as an alternative multiple access system, where 5G and mobile IoT are mainly focused. However, previous studies about TDCS are under the assumption that the transceiver has the global spectrum information, without the consideration of spectrum sensing mismatch (SSM). In this paper, we present the deterministic analysis of TDCS systems under arbitrary given spectrum sensing scenarios, especially the influence of the SSM pattern to the signal to noise ratio (SNR) performance. Simulation results show that arbitrary SSM pattern can lead to inferior bit error rate (BER) performance. PMID:28698477

Pulse analysis of acoustic emission signals. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houghton, J. R.

1976-01-01

A method for the signature analysis of pulses in the frequency domain and the time domain is presented. Fourier spectrum, Fourier transfer function, shock spectrum and shock spectrum ratio are examined in the frequency domain analysis, and pulse shape deconvolution is developed for use in the time domain analysis. To demonstrate the relative sensitivity of each of the methods to small changes in the pulse shape, signatures of computer modeled systems with analytical pulses are presented. Optimization techniques are developed and used to indicate the best design parameters values for deconvolution of the pulse shape. Several experiments are presented that test the pulse signature analysis methods on different acoustic emission sources. These include acoustic emissions associated with: (1) crack propagation, (2) ball dropping on a plate, (3) spark discharge and (4) defective and good ball bearings.

Spectral analysis for GNSS coordinate time series using chirp Fourier transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Shengtao; Bo, Wanju; Ma, Qingzun; Wang, Zifan

2017-12-01

Spectral analysis for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) coordinate time series provides a principal tool to understand the intrinsic mechanism that affects tectonic movements. Spectral analysis methods such as the fast Fourier transform, Lomb-Scargle spectrum, evolutionary power spectrum, wavelet power spectrum, etc. are used to find periodic characteristics in time series. Among spectral analysis methods, the chirp Fourier transform (CFT) with less stringent requirements is tested with synthetic and actual GNSS coordinate time series, which proves the accuracy and efficiency of the method. With the length of series only limited to even numbers, CFT provides a convenient tool for windowed spectral analysis. The results of ideal synthetic data prove CFT accurate and efficient, while the results of actual data show that CFT is usable to derive periodic information from GNSS coordinate time series.

Recent developments of NASTRAN pre- amd post-processors: Response spectrum analysis (RESPAN) and interactive graphics (GIFTS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hirt, E. F.; Fox, G. L.

1982-01-01

Two specific NASTRAN preprocessors and postprocessors are examined. A postprocessor for dynamic analysis and a graphical interactive package for model generation and review of resuls are presented. A computer program that provides response spectrum analysis capability based on data from NASTRAN finite element model is described and the GIFTS system, a graphic processor to augment NASTRAN is introduced.

Social network analysis of children with autism spectrum disorder: Predictors of fragmentation and connectivity in elementary school classrooms

PubMed Central

Anderson, Ariana; Locke, Jill; Kretzmann, Mark; Kasari, Connie

2016-01-01

Although children with autism spectrum disorder are frequently included in mainstream classrooms, it is not known how their social networks change compared to typically developing children and whether the factors predictive of this change may be unique. This study identified and compared predictors of social connectivity of children with and without autism spectrum disorder using a social network analysis. Participants included 182 children with autism spectrum disorder and 152 children without autism spectrum disorder, aged 5–12 years in 152 general education K-5 classrooms. General linear models were used to compare how age, classroom size, gender, baseline connectivity, diagnosis, and intelligence quotient predicted changes in social connectivity (closeness). Gender and classroom size had a unique interaction in predicting final social connectivity and the change in connectivity for children with autism spectrum disorder; boys who were placed in larger classrooms showed increased social network fragmentation. This increased fragmentation for boys when placed in larger classrooms was not seen in typically developing boys. These results have implications regarding placement, intervention objectives, and ongoing school support that aimed to increase the social success of children with autism spectrum disorder in public schools. PMID:26567264

Unveiling acoustic physics of the CMB using nonparametric estimation of the temperature angular power spectrum for Planck

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aghamousa, Amir; Shafieloo, Arman; Arjunwadkar, Mihir

2015-02-01

Estimation of the angular power spectrum is one of the important steps in Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data analysis. Here, we present a nonparametric estimate of the temperature angular power spectrum for the Planck 2013 CMB data. The method implemented in this work is model-independent, and allows the data, rather than the model, to dictate the fit. Since one of the main targets of our analysis is to test the consistency of the ΛCDM model with Planck 2013 data, we use the nuisance parameters associated with the best-fit ΛCDM angular power spectrum to remove foreground contributions from the data atmore » multipoles ℓ ≥50. We thus obtain a combined angular power spectrum data set together with the full covariance matrix, appropriately weighted over frequency channels. Our subsequent nonparametric analysis resolves six peaks (and five dips) up to ℓ ∼1850 in the temperature angular power spectrum. We present uncertainties in the peak/dip locations and heights at the 95% confidence level. We further show how these reflect the harmonicity of acoustic peaks, and can be used for acoustic scale estimation. Based on this nonparametric formalism, we found the best-fit ΛCDM model to be at 36% confidence distance from the center of the nonparametric confidence set—this is considerably larger than the confidence distance (9%) derived earlier from a similar analysis of the WMAP 7-year data. Another interesting result of our analysis is that at low multipoles, the Planck data do not suggest any upturn, contrary to the expectation based on the integrated Sachs-Wolfe contribution in the best-fit ΛCDM cosmology.« less

Eliminating Bias In Acousto-Optical Spectrum Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ansari, Homayoon; Lesh, James R.

1992-01-01

Scheme for digital processing of video signals in acousto-optical spectrum analyzer provides real-time correction for signal-dependent spectral bias. Spectrum analyzer described in "Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optical Spectrum Analyzer" (NPO-18092), related apparatus described in "Three-Dimensional Acousto-Optical Spectrum Analyzer" (NPO-18122). Essence of correction is to average over digitized outputs of pixels in each CCD row and to subtract this from the digitized output of each pixel in row. Signal processed electro-optically with reference-function signals to form two-dimensional spectral image in CCD camera.

Structural and optical properties of NiFe2O4 synthesized via green technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patel, S.; Saleem, M.; Varshney, Dinesh

2018-05-01

The nanoparticles of NiFe2O4 were successfully synthesized via green technology using banana peel extract as the catalyst as well as the medium for reaction technique is reported. Analysis of X-ray diffraction spectrum revealed the cubic structure for the prepared spinel ferrite samples crystallized into cubic spinel structure with the space group Fd3m. The Retvield refinement was carried out which obeyed the results obtained from the XRD spectrum analysis of the sample. Raman spectrum provided confirmation for the spinel structure formation and five active Raman modes were observed. Since the optical band-gap value shows inverse response to the crystallite size, The UV-Vis spectrum study confirmed dual but reduced band-gap value.

Symplectic geometry spectrum regression for prediction of noisy time series

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Hong-Bo; Dokos, Socrates; Sivakumar, Bellie; Mengersen, Kerrie

2016-05-01

We present the symplectic geometry spectrum regression (SGSR) technique as well as a regularized method based on SGSR for prediction of nonlinear time series. The main tool of analysis is the symplectic geometry spectrum analysis, which decomposes a time series into the sum of a small number of independent and interpretable components. The key to successful regularization is to damp higher order symplectic geometry spectrum components. The effectiveness of SGSR and its superiority over local approximation using ordinary least squares are demonstrated through prediction of two noisy synthetic chaotic time series (Lorenz and Rössler series), and then tested for prediction of three real-world data sets (Mississippi River flow data and electromyographic and mechanomyographic signal recorded from human body).

An Eigenvalue Analysis of finite-difference approximations for hyperbolic IBVPs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warming, Robert F.; Beam, Richard M.

1989-01-01

The eigenvalue spectrum associated with a linear finite-difference approximation plays a crucial role in the stability analysis and in the actual computational performance of the discrete approximation. The eigenvalue spectrum associated with the Lax-Wendroff scheme applied to a model hyperbolic equation was investigated. For an initial-boundary-value problem (IBVP) on a finite domain, the eigenvalue or normal mode analysis is analytically intractable. A study of auxiliary problems (Dirichlet and quarter-plane) leads to asymptotic estimates of the eigenvalue spectrum and to an identification of individual modes as either benign or unstable. The asymptotic analysis establishes an intuitive as well as quantitative connection between the algebraic tests in the theory of Gustafsson, Kreiss, and Sundstrom and Lax-Richtmyer L(sub 2) stability on a finite domain.

Data Analysis for Rotationally Resolved Spectra: A Simulated Annealing Approach

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-29

Table V. Expe rimental Data PSA was used to analyze high resolution infrared spectra of 2- fluoroethanol (2FE) and difluoroethane (DFE). Although the...does not inhere in the model used to calculate spectra, so the match to the experimental spectrum is not ideal. 8. PSA optimization of Difluoroethane ...A) The experimental spectrum of Difluoroethane . B) The spectrum generated from the starting state given to PSA. C) The spectrum generated from the

A study of the application of power-spectral methods of generalized harmonic analysis to gust loads on airplanes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Press, Harry; Mazelsky, Bernard

1954-01-01

The applicability of some results from the theory of generalized harmonic analysis (or power-spectral analysis) to the analysis of gust loads on airplanes in continuous rough air is examined. The general relations for linear systems between power spectrums of a random input disturbance and an output response are used to relate the spectrum of airplane load in rough air to the spectrum of atmospheric gust velocity. The power spectrum of loads is shown to provide a measure of the load intensity in terms of the standard deviation (root mean square) of the load distribution for an airplane in flight through continuous rough air. For the case of a load output having a normal distribution, which appears from experimental evidence to apply to homogeneous rough air, the standard deviation is shown to describe the probability distribution of loads or the proportion of total time that the load has given values. Thus, for airplane in flight through homogeneous rough air, the probability distribution of loads may be determined from a power-spectral analysis. In order to illustrate the application of power-spectral analysis to gust-load analysis and to obtain an insight into the relations between loads and airplane gust-response characteristics, two selected series of calculations are presented. The results indicate that both methods of analysis yield results that are consistent to a first approximation.

Analysis of neutron spectrum effects on primary damage in tritium breeding blankets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Yong Hee; Joo, Han Gyu

2012-07-01

The effect of neutron spectrum on primary damages in a structural material of a tritium breeding blanket is investigated with a newly established recoil spectrum estimation system. First, a recoil spectrum generation code is developed to obtain the energy spectrum of primary knock-on atoms (PKAs) for a given neutron spectrum utilizing the latest ENDF/B data. Secondly, a method for approximating the high energy tail of the recoil spectrum is introduced to avoid expensive molecular dynamics calculations for high energy PKAs using the concept of recoil energy of the secondary knock-on atoms originated by the INtegration of CAScades (INCAS) model. Thirdly, the modified spectrum is combined with a set of molecular dynamics calculation results to estimate the primary damage parameters such as the number of surviving point defects. Finally, the neutron spectrum is varied by changing the material of the spectral shifter and the result in primary damage parameters is examined.

Parametric spectro-temporal analyzer (PASTA) for real-time optical spectrum observation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Chi; Xu, Jianbing; Chui, P. C.; Wong, Kenneth K. Y.

2013-06-01

Real-time optical spectrum analysis is an essential tool in observing ultrafast phenomena, such as the dynamic monitoring of spectrum evolution. However, conventional method such as optical spectrum analyzers disperse the spectrum in space and allocate it in time sequence by mechanical rotation of a grating, so are incapable of operating at high speed. A more recent method all-optically stretches the spectrum in time domain, but is limited by the allowable input condition. In view of these constraints, here we present a real-time spectrum analyzer called parametric spectro-temporal analyzer (PASTA), which is based on the time-lens focusing mechanism. It achieves a frame rate as high as 100 MHz and accommodates various input conditions. As a proof of concept and also for the first time, we verify its applications in observing the dynamic spectrum of a Fourier domain mode-locked laser, and the spectrum evolution of a laser cavity during its stabilizing process.

(abstract) Cross with Your Spectra? Cross-Correlate Instead!

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beer, Reinhard

1994-01-01

The use of cross-correlation for certain types of spectral analysis is discussed. Under certain circumstances, the use of cross-correlation between a real spectrum and either a model or another spectrum can provide a very powerful tool for spectral analysis. The method (and its limitations) will be described with concrete examples using ATMOS data.

Parents' Perceptions of the Usefulness of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reiff, Marian; Giarelli, Ellen; Bernhardt, Barbara A.; Easley, Ebony; Spinner, Nancy B.; Sankar, Pamela L.; Mulchandani, Surabhi

2015-01-01

Clinical guidelines recommend chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for all children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We explored the test's perceived usefulness among parents of children with ASD who had undergone CMA, and received a result categorized as pathogenic, variant of uncertain significance, or negative. Fifty-seven parents…

Innovative Technology-Based Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grynszpan, Ouriel; Weiss, Patrice L.; Perez-Diaz, Fernando; Gal, Eynat

2014-01-01

This article reports the results of a meta-analysis of technology-based intervention studies for children with autism spectrum disorders. We conducted a systematic review of research that used a pre-post design to assess innovative technology interventions, including computer programs, virtual reality, and robotics. The selected studies provided…

A Meta-Analysis of School-Based Social Skills Interventions for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bellini, Scott; Peters, Jessica K.; Benner, Lauren; Hopf, Andrea

2007-01-01

Social skills deficits are a central feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This meta-analysis of 55 single-subject design studies examined the effectiveness of school-based social skills interventions for children and adolescents with ASD. Intervention, maintenance, and generalization effects were measured by computing the percentage of…

Effects of Physical Exercise on Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sowa, Michelle; Meulenbroek, Ruud

2012-01-01

It is generally agreed that regular physical exercise promotes physical and mental health, but what are the benefits in people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? This meta-analysis evaluates 16 behavioural studies reporting on a total of 133 children and adults with various variants of the syndrome who were offered structured physical…

Video Modeling for Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Teresa Lynn

2014-01-01

The objective of this research was to conduct a meta-analysis to examine existing research studies on video modeling as an effective teaching tool for children and adolescents diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Study eligibility criteria included (a) single case research design using multiple baselines, alternating treatment designs,…

[Tobacco quality analysis of producing areas of Yunnan tobacco using near-infrared (NIR) spectrum].

PubMed

Wang, Yi; Ma, Xiang; Wen, Ya-Dong; Yu, Chun-Xia; Wang, Luo-Ping; Zhao, Long-Lian; Li, Jun-Hui

2013-01-01

In the present study, tobacco quality analysis of different producing areas was carried out applying spectrum projection and correlation methods. The group of industrial classification data was near-infrared (NIR) spectrum in 2010 year of middle parts of tobacco plant from Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd. Twelve hundred seventy six superior tobacco leaf samples were collected from four producing areas, in which three areas from Yuxi, Chuxiong and Zhaotong, in Yunnan province all belong to tobacco varieties of K326 and one area from Dali belongs to tobacco varieties of Hongda. The conclusion showed that when the samples were divided into two parts by the ratio of 2 : 1 randomly as analysis and verification sets, the verification set corresponded with the analysis set applying spectrum projection because their correlation coefficients by the first and second dimensional projection were all above 0.99. At the same time, The study discussed a method to get the quantitative similarity values of different producing areas samples. The similarity values were instructive in tobacco plant planning, quality management, acquisition of raw materials of tobacco and tobacco leaf blending.

An Analysis of Spectrum Research on Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chatoupis, Constantine

2010-01-01

Spectrum research on teaching has been conducted since 1970s. The purpose of this study was to identify, categorize, and analyze research in this area. Fifty three Spectrum studies conducted between 1970 and 2008 were included in this study. Each paper was coded for (a) decade the study was published, (b) publication outlet/dissertation research,…

No Evidence of Reaction Time Slowing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferraro, F. Richard

2016-01-01

A total of 32 studies comprising 238 simple reaction time and choice reaction time conditions were examined in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (n?=?964) and controls (n?=?1032). A Brinley plot/multiple regression analysis was performed on mean reaction times, regressing autism spectrum disorder performance onto the control performance as…

Infrared Emission Spectrum of the Hydroxyl Radical: A Novel Experiment in Molecular Spectroscopy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Giles; And Others

1982-01-01

Describes an experiment in which parameters from an "ab-initio" potential are used to calculate vibrational-rotational energy levels and construct a "stick spectrum" for the overtone emission of the hydroxyl radical. Provides background information on ab-initio spectrum, experimental procedures, and analysis of data. (Author/JN)

Method of photon spectral analysis

DOEpatents

Gehrke, Robert J.; Putnam, Marie H.; Killian, E. Wayne; Helmer, Richard G.; Kynaston, Ronnie L.; Goodwin, Scott G.; Johnson, Larry O.

1993-01-01

A spectroscopic method to rapidly measure the presence of plutonium in soils, filters, smears, and glass waste forms by measuring the uranium L-shell x-ray emissions associated with the decay of plutonium. In addition, the technique can simultaneously acquire spectra of samples and automatically analyze them for the amount of americium and .gamma.-ray emitting activation and fission products present. The samples are counted with a large area, thin-window, n-type germanium spectrometer which is equally efficient for the detection of low-energy x-rays (10-2000 keV), as well as high-energy .gamma. rays (>1 MeV). A 8192- or 16,384 channel analyzer is used to acquire the entire photon spectrum at one time. A dual-energy, time-tagged pulser, that is injected into the test input of the preamplifier to monitor the energy scale, and detector resolution. The L x-ray portion of each spectrum is analyzed by a linear-least-squares spectral fitting technique. The .gamma.-ray portion of each spectrum is analyzed by a standard Ge .gamma.-ray analysis program. This method can be applied to any analysis involving x- and .gamma.-ray analysis in one spectrum and is especially useful when interferences in the x-ray region can be identified from the .gamma.-ray analysis and accommodated during the x-ray analysis.

Method of photon spectral analysis

DOEpatents

Gehrke, R.J.; Putnam, M.H.; Killian, E.W.; Helmer, R.G.; Kynaston, R.L.; Goodwin, S.G.; Johnson, L.O.

1993-04-27

A spectroscopic method to rapidly measure the presence of plutonium in soils, filters, smears, and glass waste forms by measuring the uranium L-shell x-ray emissions associated with the decay of plutonium. In addition, the technique can simultaneously acquire spectra of samples and automatically analyze them for the amount of americium and [gamma]-ray emitting activation and fission products present. The samples are counted with a large area, thin-window, n-type germanium spectrometer which is equally efficient for the detection of low-energy x-rays (10-2,000 keV), as well as high-energy [gamma] rays (>1 MeV). A 8,192- or 16,384 channel analyzer is used to acquire the entire photon spectrum at one time. A dual-energy, time-tagged pulser, that is injected into the test input of the preamplifier to monitor the energy scale, and detector resolution. The L x-ray portion of each spectrum is analyzed by a linear-least-squares spectral fitting technique. The [gamma]-ray portion of each spectrum is analyzed by a standard Ge [gamma]-ray analysis program. This method can be applied to any analysis involving x- and [gamma]-ray analysis in one spectrum and is especially useful when interferences in the x-ray region can be identified from the [gamma]-ray analysis and accommodated during the x-ray analysis.

Assessing blood brain barrier dynamics or identifying or measuring selected substances or toxins in a subject by analyzing Raman spectrum signals of selected regions in the eye

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lambert, James L. (Inventor); Borchert, Mark S. (Inventor)

2003-01-01

A non-invasive method for analyzing the blood-brain barrier includes obtaining a Raman spectrum of a selected portion of the eye and monitoring the Raman spectrum to ascertain a change to the dynamics of the blood brain barrier. Also, non-invasive methods for determining the brain or blood level of an analyte of interest, such as glucose, drugs, alcohol, poisons, and the like, comprises: generating an excitation laser beam (e.g., at a wavelength of 600 to 900 nanometers); focusing the excitation laser beam into the anterior chamber of an eye of the subject so that aqueous humor, vitreous humor, or one or more conjunctiva vessels in the eye is illuminated; detecting (preferably confocally detecting) a Raman spectrum from the illuminated portion of the eye; and then determining the blood level or brain level (intracranial or cerebral spinal fluid level) of an analyte of interest for the subject from the Raman spectrum. In certain embodiments, the detecting step may be followed by the step of subtracting a confounding fluorescence spectrum from the Raman spectrum to produce a difference spectrum; and determining the blood level and/or brain level of the analyte of interest for the subject from that difference spectrum, preferably using linear or nonlinear multivariate analysis such as partial least squares analysis. Apparatus for carrying out the foregoing methods are also disclosed.

Assessing blood brain barrier dynamics or identifying or measuring selected substances, including ethanol or toxins, in a subject by analyzing Raman spectrum signals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borchert, Mark S. (Inventor); Lambert, James L. (Inventor)

2008-01-01

A non-invasive method for analyzing the blood-brain barrier includes obtaining a Raman spectrum of a selected portion of the eye and monitoring the Raman spectrum to ascertain a change to the dynamics of the blood brain barrier.Also, non-invasive methods for determining the brain or blood level of an analyte of interest, such as glucose, drugs, alcohol, poisons, and the like, comprises: generating an excitation laser beam at a selected wavelength (e.g., at a wavelength of about 400 to 900 nanometers); focusing the excitation laser beam into the anterior chamber of an eye of the subject so that aqueous humor, vitreous humor, or one or more conjunctiva vessels in the eye is illuminated; detecting (preferably confocally detecting) a Raman spectrum from the illuminated portion of the eye; and then determining the blood level or brain level (intracranial or cerebral spinal fluid level) of an analyte of interest for the subject from the Raman spectrum. In certain embodiments, the detecting step may be followed by the step of subtracting a confounding fluorescence spectrum from the Raman spectrum to produce a difference spectrum; and determining the blood level and/or brain level of the analyte of interest for the subject from that difference spectrum, preferably using linear or nonlinear multivariate analysis such as partial least squares analysis. Apparatus for carrying out the foregoing methods are also disclosed.

Noise produced by turbulent flow into a rotor: Theory manual for noise calculation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Amiet, R. K.

1989-01-01

An analysis is presented for the calculation of noise produced by turbulent flow into a helicopter rotor. The method is based on the analysis of Amiet for the sound produced by an airfoil moving in rectilinear motion through a turbulent flow field. The rectilinear motion results are used in a quasi-steady manner to calculate the instantaneous spectrum of the rotor noise at any given rotor position; the overall spectrum is then found by averaging the instantaneous spectrum over all rotor azimuth angles. Account is taken of the fact that the rotor spends different amounts of retarded time at different rotor positions. Blade to blade correlation is included in the analysis, leading to harmonics of blade passing frequency. The spectrum of the turbulence entering the rotor is calculated by applying rapid distortion theory to an isotropic turbulence spectrum, assuming that the turbulence is stretched as it is pulled into the rotor. The inputs to the program are obtained from the atmospheric turbulence model and mean flow distortion calculation, described in another volume of this set of reports. The analytical basis is provided for a module which was incorporated in NASA's ROTONET helicopter noise prediction program.

OH rotational temperature measurements via a two temperature distribution analysis in plasma with water microdroplets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsumaki, Masanao; Ito, Tsuyohito

2016-09-01

We study plasma processing with water/solution microdroplets for a new nanoparticle synthesis method. In the process, it is important to know gas temperature (Tg) for understanding the mechanism of the particle growth and controlling its properties. Since OH emissions are naturally observed in such plasma, the rotational temperature (Tr) of OH (A-X) is estimated and compared with Tr from N2 (C-B). The plasma is generated by dielectric barrier discharges in He with N2 (2.6%) gas flow, and microdroplets are generated by an ultrasonic atomizer and carried into He/N2 plasma. Optical emission spectroscopy revealed that with the increase of voltage and frequency of plasma generation, the Tr of N2 increases. While the good theoretical spectrum fit on N2 experimental spectrum could be achieved, it was hard to obtain a reasonable fit for the OH spectrum with a single rotational energy distribution. On the other hand, two rotational distribution analysis could reproduce the experimental spectrum of OH and the lower Tr agrees to Tr by N2. The results suggest that the lower Tr obtained with the two rotational temperature analysis of OH spectrum represents Tg of the environment.

Power spectrum analysis for defect screening in integrated circuit devices

DOEpatents

Tangyunyong, Paiboon; Cole Jr., Edward I.; Stein, David J.

2011-12-01

A device sample is screened for defects using its power spectrum in response to a dynamic stimulus. The device sample receives a time-varying electrical signal. The power spectrum of the device sample is measured at one of the pins of the device sample. A defect in the device sample can be identified based on results of comparing the power spectrum with one or more power spectra of the device that have a known defect status.

Nonuniversal k-3 energy spectrum in stationary two-dimensional homogeneous turbulence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaneda, Yukio; Ishihara, Takashi

2001-05-01

A spectral closure analysis and numerical simulations suggest that there may be a class of two-dimensional turbulence in which the energy spectrum E(k) scales with the wave number k like E(k)=Ak-3 in the enstrophy transfer range in accordance with the Kraichnan-Leith-Batchelor (KLB) spectrum, but the prefactor A is different from the KLB spectrum and depends in a nontrivial way on the flow conditions at large scales.

Self spectrum window method in wigner-ville distribution.

PubMed

Liu, Zhongguo; Liu, Changchun; Liu, Boqiang; Lv, Yangsheng; Lei, Yinsheng; Yu, Mengsun

2005-01-01

Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) is an important type of time-frequency analysis in biomedical signal processing. The cross-term interference in WVD has a disadvantageous influence on its application. In this research, the Self Spectrum Window (SSW) method was put forward to suppress the cross-term interference, based on the fact that the cross-term and auto-WVD- terms in integral kernel function are orthogonal. With the Self Spectrum Window (SSW) algorithm, a real auto-WVD function was used as a template to cross-correlate with the integral kernel function, and the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) spectrum of the signal was used as window function to process the WVD in time-frequency plane. The SSW method was confirmed by computer simulation with good analysis results. Satisfactory time- frequency distribution was obtained.

[Study on rapid determination and analysis of rocket kerosene by near infrared spectrum and chemometrics].

PubMed

Xia, Ben-Li; Cong, Ji-Xin; Li, Xia; Wang, Xuan-Jun

2011-06-01

The rocket kerosene quality properties such as density, distillation range, viscosity and iodine value were successfully measured based on their near-infrared spectrum (NIRS) and chemometrics. In the present paper, more than 70 rocket kerosene samples were determined by near infrared spectrum, the models were built using the partial least squares method within the appropriate wavelength range. The correlation coefficients (R2) of every rocket kerosene's quality properties ranged from 0.862 to 0.999. Ten unknown samples were determined with the model, and the result showed that the prediction accuracy of near infrared spectrum method accords with standard analysis requirements. The new method is well suitable for replacing the traditional standard method to rapidly determine the properties of the rocket kerosene.

An Effective Method for Substance Detection Using the Broad Spectrum THz Signal: A “Terahertz Nose”

PubMed Central

Trofimov, Vyacheslav A.; Varentsova, Svetlana A.

2015-01-01

We propose an effective method for the detection and identification of dangerous substances by using the broadband THz pulse. This pulse excites, for example, many vibrational or rotational energy levels of molecules simultaneously. By analyzing the time-dependent spectrum of the THz pulse transmitted through or reflected from a substance, we follow the average response spectrum dynamics. Comparing the absorption and emission spectrum dynamics of a substance under analysis with the corresponding data for a standard substance, one can detect and identify the substance under real conditions taking into account the influence of packing material, water vapor and substance surface. For quality assessment of the standard substance detection in the signal under analysis, we propose time-dependent integral correlation criteria. Restrictions of usually used detection and identification methods, based on a comparison between the absorption frequencies of a substance under analysis and a standard substance, are demonstrated using a physical experiment with paper napkins. PMID:26020281

Metacognition Is Necessary for the Emergence of Motivation in People With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Necessary Condition Analysis.

PubMed

Luther, Lauren; Bonfils, Kelsey A; Firmin, Ruth L; Buck, Kelly D; Choi, Jimmy; Dimaggio, Giancarlo; Popolo, Raffaele; Minor, Kyle S; Lysaker, Paul H

2017-12-01

Metacognition deficits are a putative cause of reduced motivation in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, it is unclear whether certain levels of metacognition are necessary for motivation to emerge. This study used a Necessary Condition Analysis to test whether metacognition was necessary for the presence of motivation and to identify the minimum level of metacognition necessary for high motivation to be possible in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (N = 175). Participants completed clinician-rated measures of metacognition and motivation. Necessary Condition Analysis revealed that metacognition is a necessary condition for motivation and that high levels of motivation were only possible, although not guaranteed, when at least a basic level of metacognition was present. The findings suggest that metacognition is a necessary building block for the development of motivation. Results suggest that targeting metacognition may be essential for improving motivation among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who do not meet this metacognition threshold.

Chemometric analysis for extraction of individual fluorescence spectrum and lifetimes from a target mixture

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hallidy, William H. (Inventor); Chin, Robert C. (Inventor)

1999-01-01

The present invention is a system for chemometric analysis for the extraction of the individual component fluorescence spectra and fluorescence lifetimes from a target mixture. The present invention combines a processor with an apparatus for generating an excitation signal to transmit at a target mixture and an apparatus for detecting the emitted signal from the target mixture. The present invention extracts the individual fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime measurements from the frequency and wavelength data acquired from the emitted signal. The present invention uses an iterative solution that first requires the initialization of several decision variables and the initial approximation determinations of intermediate matrices. The iterative solution compares the decision variables for convergence to see if further approximation determinations are necessary. If the solution converges, the present invention then determines the reduced best fit error for the analysis of the individual fluorescence lifetime and the fluorescence spectrum before extracting the individual fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence spectrum from the emitted signal of the target mixture.

Integrating Statistical Mechanics with Experimental Data from the Rotational-Vibrational Spectrum of HCl into the Physical Chemistry Laboratory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Findley, Bret R.; Mylon, Steven E.

2008-01-01

We introduce a computer exercise that bridges spectroscopy and thermodynamics using statistical mechanics and the experimental data taken from the commonly used laboratory exercise involving the rotational-vibrational spectrum of HCl. Based on the results from the analysis of their HCl spectrum, students calculate bulk thermodynamic properties…

Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Literacy and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitten, H. Rae

2013-01-01

Evidence-based Practice Guidelines for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and Literacy and Learning are derived from an inductive analysis of qualitative data collected in field research. FASD is the umbrella term for a spectrum of neurocognitive and physical disabilities caused by prenatal exposure to alcohol. Data from a sample of N=150 was…

Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Literacy and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitten, H. Rae

2013-01-01

Evidence-based Practice Guidelines for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and Literacy and Learning are derived from an inductive analysis of qualitative data collected in field research. FASD is the umbrella term for a spectrum of neurocognitive and physical disabilities caused by prenatal exposure to alcohol. Data from a sample of N =150 was…

Increasing the quantitative credibility of open-path FT-IR spectroscopic data with focus on several properties of the background spectrum

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The choice of the type of background spectrum affects the credibility of open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) spectroscopic data, and consequently the quality of data analysis. We systematically investigated several properties of the background spectrum. The results show that a short-pa...

A Multiple Case Study Analysis Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder as a Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hutto, Lori Lynn

2017-01-01

This qualitative multiple case study analysis included the exploration of the phenomenon of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from a cultural standpoint, rather than the traditional view of deficits caused by disability. This effort was undertaken to determine if those within this population would be better served by the educational system and more…

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Comparing Pre-Diagnosis Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-Targeted Intervention with Ontario's Autism Intervention Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Penner, Melanie; Rayar, Meera; Bashir, Naazish; Roberts, S. Wendy; Hancock-Howard, Rebecca L.; Coyte, Peter C.

2015-01-01

Novel management strategies for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) propose providing interventions before diagnosis. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the costs and dependency-free life years (DFLYs) generated by pre-diagnosis intensive Early Start Denver Model (ESDM-I); pre-diagnosis parent-delivered ESDM (ESDM-PD); and the Ontario…

Evidence-Based Practice: Quality Indicator Analysis of Antecedent Exercise in Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kasner, Melanie; Reid, Greg; MacDonald, Cathy

2012-01-01

The purpose of the research was to conduct a quality indicator analysis of studies exploring the effects of antecedent exercise on self-stimulatory behaviors of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), Google Scholar, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, and PubMed/MedLine databases from 1980 to October…

Spectral analysis of the signal from the Laser Doppler Velocimeter - Turbulent flows.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, R. V.; Angus, J. C.; Dunning, J. W., Jr.

1973-01-01

A method for prediction and analysis of the spectrum of the signal from the Laser Doppler Velocimeter is presented. The results relate the heterodyne spectrum of the signal to the space-time correlation function for the turbulent transport of tracer particles in the fluid and to the characteristics of the optical system.

Exploring the Utility of Narrative Analysis in Diagnostic Decision Making: Picture-Bound Reference, Elaboration, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thorne, John C.; Coggins, Truman E.; Olson, Heather Carmichael; Astley, Susan J.

2007-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate classification accuracy and clinical feasibility of a narrative analysis tool for identifying children with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Method: Picture-elicited narratives generated by 16 age-matched pairs of school-aged children (FASD vs. typical development [TD]) were coded for semantic elaboration and…

Exploring the Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy Using Latent Class Cluster Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cuccaro, Michael L.; Tuchman, Roberto F.; Hamilton, Kara L.; Wright, Harry H.; Abramson, Ruth K.; Haines, Jonathan L.; Gilbert, John R.; Pericak-Vance, Margaret

2012-01-01

Epilepsy co-occurs frequently in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Understanding this co-occurrence requires a better understanding of the ASD-epilepsy phenotype (or phenotypes). To address this, we conducted latent class cluster analysis (LCCA) on an ASD dataset (N = 577) which included 64 individuals with epilepsy. We identified a 5-cluster…

A Meta-Analysis of Behavioral Interventions for Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roth, Matthew E.; Gillis, Jennifer M.; DiGennaro Reed, Florence D.

2014-01-01

Evaluation of evidence-based treatments is important for adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) given the increasing number of interventions available and the prevalence of ASD. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral interventions for this population by conducting a meta-analysis of published…

Array-CGH Analysis in a Cohort of Phenotypically Well-Characterized Individuals with "Essential" Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Napoli, Eleonora; Russo, Serena; Casula, Laura; Alesi, Viola; Amendola, Filomena Alessandra; Angioni, Adriano; Novelli, Antonio; Valeri, Giovanni; Menghini, Deny; Vicari, Stefano

2018-01-01

Copy-number variants (CNVs) are associated with susceptibility to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To detect the presence of CNVs, we conducted an array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) analysis in 133 children with "essential" ASD phenotype. Genetic analyses documented that 12 children had causative CNVs (C-CNVs), 29…

Chronic Disease Risks in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Forewarned Is Forearmed

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tyler, Carl V.; Schramm, Sarah C.; Karafa, Matthew; Tang, Anne S.; Jain, Anil K.

2011-01-01

An emerging, cost-effective method to examine prevalent and future health risks of persons with disabilities is electronic health record (EHR) analysis. As an example, a case-control EHR analysis of adults with autism spectrum disorder receiving primary care through the Cleveland Clinic from 2005 to 2008 identified 108 adults with autism spectrum…

[Study on spectrum analysis of X-ray based on rotational mass effect in special relativity].

PubMed

Yu, Zhi-Qiang; Xie, Quan; Xiao, Qing-Quan

2010-04-01

Based on special relativity, the formation mechanism of characteristic X-ray has been studied, and the influence of rotational mass effect on X-ray spectrum has been given. A calculation formula of the X-ray wavelength based upon special relativity was derived. Error analysis was carried out systematically for the calculation values of characteristic wavelength, and the rules of relative error were obtained. It is shown that the values of the calculation are very close to the experimental values, and the effect of rotational mass effect on the characteristic wavelength becomes more evident as the atomic number increases. The result of the study has some reference meaning for the spectrum analysis of characteristic X-ray in application.

A Real-time Spectrum Handoff Algorithm for VoIP based Cognitive Radio Networks: Design and Performance Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chakraborty, Tamal; Saha Misra, Iti

2016-03-01

Secondary Users (SUs) in a Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) face unpredictable interruptions in transmission due to the random arrival of Primary Users (PUs), leading to spectrum handoff or dropping instances. An efficient spectrum handoff algorithm, thus, becomes one of the indispensable components in CRN, especially for real-time communication like Voice over IP (VoIP). In this regard, this paper investigates the effects of spectrum handoff on the Quality of Service (QoS) for VoIP traffic in CRN, and proposes a real-time spectrum handoff algorithm in two phases. The first phase (VAST-VoIP based Adaptive Sensing and Transmission) adaptively varies the channel sensing and transmission durations to perform intelligent dropping decisions. The second phase (ProReact-Proactive and Reactive Handoff) deploys efficient channel selection mechanisms during spectrum handoff for resuming communication. Extensive performance analysis in analytical and simulation models confirms a decrease in spectrum handoff delay for VoIP SUs by more than 40% and 60%, compared to existing proactive and reactive algorithms, respectively and ensures a minimum 10% reduction in call-dropping probability with respect to the previous works in this domain. The effective SU transmission duration is also maximized under the proposed algorithm, thereby making it suitable for successful VoIP communication.

[Signal analysis and spectrum distortion correction for tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy system].

PubMed

Bao, Wei-Yi; Zhu, Yong; Chen, Jun; Chen, Jun-Qing; Liang, Bo

2011-04-01

In the present paper, the signal of a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) trace gas sensing system, which has a wavelength modulation with a wide range of modulation amplitudes, is studied based on Fourier analysis method. Theory explanation of spectrum distortion induced by laser intensity amplitude modulation is given. In order to rectify the spectrum distortion, a method of synchronous amplitude modulation suppression by a variable optical attenuator is proposed. To validate the method, an experimental setup is designed. Absorption spectrum measurement experiments on CO2 gas were carried out. The results show that the residual laser intensity modulation amplitude of the experimental system is reduced to -0.1% of its original value and the spectrum distortion improvement is 92% with the synchronous amplitude modulation suppression. The modulation amplitude of laser intensity can be effectively reduced and the spectrum distortion can be well corrected by using the given correction method and system. By using a variable optical attenuator in the TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy) system, the dynamic range requirements of photoelectric detector, digital to analog converter, filters and other aspects of the TDLAS system are reduced. This spectrum distortion correction method can be used for online trace gas analyzing in process industry.

[Quantitative Analysis of Heavy Metals in Water with LIBS Based on Signal-to-Background Ratio].

PubMed

Hu, Li; Zhao, Nan-jing; Liu, Wen-qing; Fang, Li; Zhang, Da-hai; Wang, Yin; Meng, De Shuo; Yu, Yang; Ma, Ming-jun

2015-07-01

There are many influence factors in the precision and accuracy of the quantitative analysis with LIBS technology. According to approximately the same characteristics trend of background spectrum and characteristic spectrum along with the change of temperature through in-depth analysis, signal-to-background ratio (S/B) measurement and regression analysis could compensate the spectral line intensity changes caused by system parameters such as laser power, spectral efficiency of receiving. Because the measurement dates were limited and nonlinear, we used support vector machine (SVM) for regression algorithm. The experimental results showed that the method could improve the stability and the accuracy of quantitative analysis of LIBS, and the relative standard deviation and average relative error of test set respectively were 4.7% and 9.5%. Data fitting method based on signal-to-background ratio(S/B) is Less susceptible to matrix elements and background spectrum etc, and provides data processing reference for real-time online LIBS quantitative analysis technology.

The Trial Software version for DEMETER power spectrum files visualization and mapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lozbin, Anatoliy; Inchin, Alexander; Shpadi, Maxim

2010-05-01

In the frame of Kazakhstan's Scientific Space System creation for earthquakes precursors research, the hardware and software of DEMETER satellite was investigated. The data processing Software of DEMETER is based on package SWAN under IDL Virtual machine and realizes many features, but we can't find an important tool for the spectrograms analysis - space-time visualization of power spectrum files from electromagnetic devices as ICE and IMSC. For elimination of this problem we have developed Software which is offered to use. The DeSS (DEMETER Spectrogram Software) - it is Software for visualization, analysis and a mapping of power spectrum data from electromagnetic devices ICE and IMSC. The Software primary goal is to give the researcher friendly tool for the analysis of electromagnetic data from DEMETER Satellite for earthquake precursors and other ionosphere events researches. The Input data for DeSS Software is a power spectrum files: - Power spectrum of 1 component of the electric field in the VLF range (APID 1132); - Power spectrum of 1 component of the electric field in the HF range (APID 1134); - Power spectrum of 1 component of the magnetic field in the VLF range (APID 1137). The main features and operations of the software is possible: - various time and frequency filtration; - visualization of time dependence of signal intensity on fixed frequency; - spectral density visualization for fixed frequency range; - spectrogram autosize and smooth spectrogram; - the information in each point of the spectrogram: time, frequency and intensity; - the spectrum information in the separate window, consisting of 4 blocks; - data mapping with 6 range scale. On the map we can browse next information: - satellite orbit; - conjugate point at the satellite altitude; - north conjugate point at the altitude 110 km; - south conjugate point at the altitude 110 km. This is only trial software version to help the researchers and we always ready collaborate with scientists for software improvement. References: 1. D.Lagoutte, J.Y. Brochot, D. de Carvalho, L.Madrias and M. Parrot. DEMETER Microsatellite. Scientific Mission Center. Data product description. DMT-SP-9-CM-6054-LPC. 2. D.Lagoutte, J.Y. Brochot, P.Latremoliere. SWAN - Software for Waveform Analysis. LPCE/NI/003.E - Part 1 (User's guide), Part 2 (Analysis tools), Part 3 (User's project interface).

[Research of Identify Spatial Object Using Spectrum Analysis Technique].

PubMed

Song, Wei; Feng, Shi-qi; Shi, Jing; Xu, Rong; Wang, Gong-chang; Li, Bin-yu; Liu, Yu; Li, Shuang; Cao Rui; Cai, Hong-xing; Zhang, Xi-he; Tan, Yong

2015-06-01

The high precision scattering spectrum of spatial fragment with the minimum brightness of 4.2 and the resolution of 0.5 nm has been observed using spectrum detection technology on the ground. The obvious differences for different types of objects are obtained by the normalizing and discrete rate analysis of the spectral data. Each of normalized multi-frame scattering spectral line shape for rocket debris is identical. However, that is different for lapsed satellites. The discrete rate of the single frame spectrum of normalized space debris for rocket debris ranges from 0.978% to 3.067%, and the difference of oscillation and average value is small. The discrete rate for lapsed satellites ranges from 3.118 4% to 19.472 7%, and the difference of oscillation and average value relatively large. The reason is that the composition of rocket debris is single, while that of the lapsed satellites is complex. Therefore, the spectrum detection technology on the ground can be used to the classification of the spatial fragment.

Thickness of the Magnetic Crust of Mars from Magneto-Spectral Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voorhies, Coerte V.

2006-01-01

Previous analysis of the magnetic spectrum of Mars showed only a crustal source field. The observational spectrum was fairly well fitted by the spectrum expected from random dipolar sources scattered on a spherical shell about 46 plus or minus 10 km below Mars' 3389.5 km mean radius. This de-correlation depth overestimates the typical depth of extended magnetized structures, and so was judged closer to mean source layer thickness than twice its value. To better estimate the thickness of the magnetic crust of Mars, six different magnetic spectra were fitted with the theoretical spectrum expected from a novel, bimodal distribution of magnetic sources. This theoretical spectrum represents both compact and extended, laterally correlated sources, so source shell depth is doubled to obtain layer thickness. The typical magnetic crustal thickness is put at 47.8 plus or minus 8.2 km. The extended sources are enormous, typically 650 km across, and account for over half the magnetic energy at low degrees. How did such vast regions form?

The high-resolution infrared spectrum of the ν3 +ν5 combination band of jet-cooled propyne

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doney, K. D.; Zhao, D.; Bouwman, J.; Linnartz, H.

2017-09-01

We present the first detection of the high-resolution ro-vibrational spectrum of the ν3 +ν5 combination band of propyne around 3070 cm-1. The fully resolved spectrum is recorded for supersonically jet-cooled propyne using continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (cw-CRDS). The assignments are supported with the help of accurate ab initio vibration-rotation interaction constants (αi) and anharmonic frequencies. A detailed analysis of the rotationally cold spectrum is given.

A global estimate of the Earth's magnetic crustal thickness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vervelidou, Foteini; Thébault, Erwan

2014-05-01

The Earth's lithosphere is considered to be magnetic only down to the Curie isotherm. Therefore the Curie isotherm can, in principle, be estimated by analysis of magnetic data. Here, we propose such an analysis in the spectral domain by means of a newly introduced regional spatial power spectrum. This spectrum is based on the Revised Spherical Cap Harmonic Analysis (R-SCHA) formalism (Thébault et al., 2006). We briefly discuss its properties and its relationship with the Spherical Harmonic spatial power spectrum. This relationship allows us to adapt any theoretical expression of the lithospheric field power spectrum expressed in Spherical Harmonic degrees to the regional formulation. We compared previously published statistical expressions (Jackson, 1994 ; Voorhies et al., 2002) to the recent lithospheric field models derived from the CHAMP and airborne measurements and we finally developed a new statistical form for the power spectrum of the Earth's magnetic lithosphere that we think provides more consistent results. This expression depends on the mean magnetization, the mean crustal thickness and a power law value that describes the amount of spatial correlation of the sources. In this study, we make a combine use of the R-SCHA surface power spectrum and this statistical form. We conduct a series of regional spectral analyses for the entire Earth. For each region, we estimate the R-SCHA surface power spectrum of the NGDC-720 Spherical Harmonic model (Maus, 2010). We then fit each of these observational spectra to the statistical expression of the power spectrum of the Earth's lithosphere. By doing so, we estimate the large wavelengths of the magnetic crustal thickness on a global scale that are not accessible directly from the magnetic measurements due to the masking core field. We then discuss these results and compare them to the results we obtained by conducting a similar spectral analysis, but this time in the cartesian coordinates, by means of a published statistical expression (Maus et al., 1997). We also compare our results to crustal thickness global maps derived by means of additional geophysical data (Purucker et al., 2002).

Recent Advances in Resting-State Electroencephalography Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Review of Methodological and Clinical Challenges.

PubMed

Heunis, Tosca-Marie; Aldrich, Chris; de Vries, Petrus J

2016-08-01

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used for almost a century to identify seizure-related disorders in humans, typically through expert interpretation of multichannel recordings. Attempts have been made to quantify EEG through frequency analyses and graphic representations. These "traditional" quantitative EEG analysis methods were limited in their ability to analyze complex and multivariate data and have not been generally accepted in clinical settings. There has been growing interest in identification of novel EEG biomarkers to detect early risk of autism spectrum disorder, to identify clinically meaningful subgroups, and to monitor targeted intervention strategies. Most studies to date have, however, used quantitative EEG approaches, and little is known about the emerging multivariate analytical methods or the robustness of candidate biomarkers in the context of the variability of autism spectrum disorder. Here, we present a targeted review of methodological and clinical challenges in the search for novel resting-state EEG biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. Three primary novel methodologies are discussed: (1) modified multiscale entropy, (2) coherence analysis, and (3) recurrence quantification analysis. Results suggest that these methods may be able to classify resting-state EEG as "autism spectrum disorder" or "typically developing", but many signal processing questions remain unanswered. We suggest that the move to novel EEG analysis methods is akin to the progress in neuroimaging from visual inspection, through region-of-interest analysis, to whole-brain computational analysis. Novel resting-state EEG biomarkers will have to evaluate a range of potential demographic, clinical, and technical confounders including age, gender, intellectual ability, comorbidity, and medication, before these approaches can be translated into the clinical setting. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of axial compressive loaded beam under random support excitations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao, Wensheng; Wang, Fengde; Liu, Jian

2017-12-01

An analytical procedure to investigate the response spectrum of a uniform Bernoulli-Euler beam with axial compressive load subjected to random support excitations is implemented based on the Mindlin-Goodman method and the mode superposition method in the frequency domain. The random response spectrum of the simply supported beam subjected to white noise excitation and to Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum excitation is investigated, and the characteristics of the response spectrum are further explored. Moreover, the effect of axial compressive load is studied and a method to determine the axial load is proposed. The research results show that the response spectrum mainly consists of the beam's additional displacement response spectrum when the excitation is white noise; however, the quasi-static displacement response spectrum is the main component when the excitation is the Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum. Under white noise excitation, the amplitude of the power spectral density function decreased as the axial compressive load increased, while the frequency band of the vibration response spectrum increased with the increase of axial compressive load.

[Analysis of UV-visible absorption spectrum on the decolorization of industrial wastewater by disinfection].

PubMed

Huang, Xin; Wang, Long-Yong; Gao, Nai-Yun; Li, Wei-Guo

2012-10-01

The UV-Visible absorption spectrum of industrial wastewater was explored to introduce a substituting method determining the color of water, and to compare the decolorization efficacy of different disinfectants. The results show that the visible absorption spectrum(350-600 nm), instead of ultraviolet absorption spectrum, should be applied to characterize the color of wastewater. There is a good correlation between the features of visible absorption spectrum and the true color of wastewater. Both ozone and chlorine dioxide has a better decolorization performance than chlorine. However, the color of chlorine dioxide itself has a negative effect on decolorization. The changes in the features of visible absorption spectrum effectively reflect the variations in the color of wastewater after disinfection.

A Guided-Inquiry Lab for the Analysis of the Balmer Series of the Hydrogen Atomic Spectrum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bopegedera, A. M. R. P.

2011-01-01

A guided-inquiry lab was developed to analyze the Balmer series of the hydrogen atomic spectrum. The emission spectrum of hydrogen was recorded with a homemade benchtop spectrophotometer. By drawing graphs and a trial-and-error approach, students discover the linear relationship presented in the Rydberg formula and connect it with the Bohr model…

Unraveling novel broad-spectrum antibacterial targets in food and waterborne pathogens using comparative genomics and protein interaction network analysis.

PubMed

Jadhav, Ankush; Shanmugham, Buvaneswari; Rajendiran, Anjana; Pan, Archana

2014-10-01

Food and waterborne diseases are a growing concern in terms of human morbidity and mortality worldwide, even in the 21st century, emphasizing the need for new therapeutic interventions for these diseases. The current study aims at prioritizing broad-spectrum antibacterial targets, present in multiple food and waterborne bacterial pathogens, through a comparative genomics strategy coupled with a protein interaction network analysis. The pathways unique and common to all the pathogens under study (viz., methane metabolism, d-alanine metabolism, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, bacterial secretion system, two-component system, C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism), identified by comparative metabolic pathway analysis, were considered for the analysis. The proteins/enzymes involved in these pathways were prioritized following host non-homology analysis, essentiality analysis, gut flora non-homology analysis and protein interaction network analysis. The analyses revealed a set of promising broad-spectrum antibacterial targets, present in multiple food and waterborne pathogens, which are essential for bacterial survival, non-homologous to host and gut flora, and functionally important in the metabolic network. The identified broad-spectrum candidates, namely, integral membrane protein/virulence factor (MviN), preprotein translocase subunits SecB and SecG, carbon storage regulator (CsrA), and nitrogen regulatory protein P-II 1 (GlnB), contributed by the peptidoglycan pathway, bacterial secretion systems and two-component systems, were also found to be present in a wide range of other disease-causing bacteria. Cytoplasmic proteins SecG, CsrA and GlnB were considered as drug targets, while membrane proteins MviN and SecB were classified as vaccine targets. The identified broad-spectrum targets can aid in the design and development of antibacterial agents not only against food and waterborne pathogens but also against other pathogens. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Parents' Experiences of Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA)-Based Interventions for Children Diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McPhilemy, Catherine; Dillenburger, Karola

2013-01-01

Applied behaviour analysis (ABA)-based programmes are endorsed as the gold standard for treatment of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in most of North America. This is not the case in most of Europe, where instead a non-specified "eclectic" approach is adopted. We explored the social validity of ABA-based interventions with…

Maternal Diabetes and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xu, Guifeng; Jing, Jin; Bowers, Katherine; Liu, Buyun; Bao, Wei

2014-01-01

We performed a systematic literature search regarding maternal diabetes before and during pregnancy and the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the offspring. Of the 178 potentially relevant articles, 12 articles including three cohort studies and nine case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. Both the meta-analyses of cohort…

Effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on Communication and Speech for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flippin, Michelle; Reszka, Stephanie; Watson, Linda R.

2010-01-01

Purpose: The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a popular communication-training program for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This meta-analysis reviews the current empirical evidence for PECS in affecting communication and speech outcomes for children with ASD. Method: A systematic review of the literature on PECS…

Diagnostic Yield of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in a Cohort of Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders from a Highly Consanguineous Population

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Mamari, Watfa; Al-Saegh, Abeer; Al-Kindy, Adila; Bruwer, Zandre; Al-Murshedi, Fathiya; Al-Thihli, Khalid

2015-01-01

Autism Spectrum Disorders are a complicated group of disorders characterized with heterogeneous genetic etiologies. The genetic investigations for this group of disorders have expanded considerably over the past decade. In our study we designed a tired approach and studied the diagnostic yield of chromosomal microarray analysis on patients…

The Role of Theory of Mind on Social Information Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Mediation Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mazza, Monica; Mariano, Melania; Peretti, Sara; Masedu, Francesco; Pino, Maria Chiara; Valenti, Marco

2017-01-01

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show significant impairments in social skills and theory of mind (ToM). The aim of this study was to evaluate ToM and social information processing abilities in 52 children with ASD compared to 55 typically developing (TD) children. A mediation analysis evaluated whether social information…

"Love Him and Everything Else Will Fall into Place": An Analysis of Narratives of African-American Fathers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hannon, Michael Damon

2013-01-01

This exploratory qualitative dissertation analyzed the narratives of six African-American fathers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Contributors were identified via snowball sampling and data were collected using in-depth interviewing and analyzed using analysis of narratives. Findings are presented via individual case…

Planning Skills in Autism Spectrum Disorder across the Lifespan: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olde Dubbelink, Linda M. E.; Geurts, Hilde M.

2017-01-01

Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to encounter planning difficulties, but experimental research regarding the mastery of planning in ASD is inconsistent. By means of a meta-analysis of 50 planning studies with a combined sample size of 1755 individuals with and 1642 without ASD, we aim to determine whether planning…

Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube: IceCube Collaboration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aartsen, M. G.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.

Here we present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrinomore » flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.« less

Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube: IceCube Collaboration

DOE PAGES

Aartsen, M. G.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; ...

2015-03-11

Here we present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrinomore » flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.« less

Light sterile neutrinos and inflationary freedom

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gariazzo, S.; Giunti, C.; Laveder, M., E-mail: gariazzo@to.infn.it, E-mail: giunti@to.infn.it, E-mail: laveder@pd.infn.it

2015-04-01

We perform a cosmological analysis in which we allow the primordial power spectrum of scalar perturbations to assume a shape that is different from the usual power-law predicted by the simplest models of cosmological inflation. We parameterize the free primordial power spectrum with a ''piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomial'' (PCHIP). We consider a 3+1 neutrino mixing model with a sterile neutrino having a mass at the eV scale, which can explain the anomalies observed in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. We find that the freedom of the primordial power spectrum allows to reconcile the cosmological data with a fully thermalized sterilemore » neutrino in the early Universe. Moreover, the cosmological analysis gives us some information on the shape of the primordial power spectrum, which presents a feature around the wavenumber k=0.002 Mpc{sup −1}.« less

[EMD Time-Frequency Analysis of Raman Spectrum and NIR].

PubMed

Zhao, Xiao-yu; Fang, Yi-ming; Tan, Feng; Tong, Liang; Zhai, Zhe

2016-02-01

This paper analyzes the Raman spectrum and Near Infrared Spectrum (NIR) with time-frequency method. The empirical mode decomposition spectrum becomes intrinsic mode functions, which the proportion calculation reveals the Raman spectral energy is uniform distributed in each component, while the NIR's low order intrinsic mode functions only undertakes fewer primary spectroscopic effective information. Both the real spectrum and numerical experiments show that the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) regard Raman spectrum as the amplitude-modulated signal, which possessed with high frequency adsorption property; and EMD regards NIR as the frequency-modulated signal, which could be preferably realized high frequency narrow-band demodulation during first-order intrinsic mode functions. The first-order intrinsic mode functions Hilbert transform reveals that during the period of empirical mode decomposes Raman spectrum, modal aliasing happened. Through further analysis of corn leaf's NIR in time-frequency domain, after EMD, the first and second orders components of low energy are cut off, and reconstruct spectral signal by using the remaining intrinsic mode functions, the root-mean-square error is 1.001 1, and the correlation coefficient is 0.981 3, both of these two indexes indicated higher accuracy in re-construction; the decomposition trend term indicates the absorbency is ascending along with the decreasing to wave length in the near-infrared light wave band; and the Hilbert transform of characteristic modal component displays, 657 cm⁻¹ is the specific frequency by the corn leaf stress spectrum, which could be regarded as characteristic frequency for identification.

Angular power spectrum of galaxies in the 2MASS Redshift Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ando, Shin'ichiro; Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien; Komatsu, Eiichiro

2018-02-01

We present the measurement and interpretation of the angular power spectrum of nearby galaxies in the 2MASS Redshift Survey catalogue with spectroscopic redshifts up to z ≈ 0.1. We detect the angular power spectrum up to a multipole of ℓ ≈ 1000. We find that the measured power spectrum is dominated by galaxies living inside nearby galaxy clusters and groups. We use the halo occupation distribution (HOD) formalism to model the power spectrum, obtaining a fit with reasonable parameters. These HOD parameters are in agreement with the 2MASS galaxy distribution we measure towards the known nearby galaxy clusters, confirming validity of our analysis.

Mathematical modeling and spectrum analysis of the physiological patello-femoral pulse train produced by slow knee movement.

PubMed

Zhang, Y T; Frank, C B; Rangayyan, R M; Bell, G D

1992-09-01

Analysis of vibration signals emitted by the knee joint has the potential for the development of a noninvasive procedure for the diagnosis and monitoring of knee pathology. In order to obtain as much information as possible from the power density spectrum of the knee vibration signal, it is necessary to identify the physiological factors (or physiologically relevant parameters) that shape the spectrum. This paper presents a mathematical model for knee vibration signals, in particular the physiological patello-femoral pulse (PFP) train produced by slow knee movement. It demonstrates through the mathematical model that the repetition rate of the physiological PFP train introduces repeated peaks in the power spectrum, and that it affects the spectrum mainly at low frequencies. The theoretical results also show that the spectral peaks at multiples of the PFP repetition rate become more evident when the variance of the interpulse interval (IPI) is small, and that these spectral peaks shift toward higher frequencies with increasing PFP repetition rates. To evaluate the mathematical model, a simulation algorithm was developed, which generates PFP signals with adjustable repetition rate and IPI variance. Signals generated by simulation were seen to possess representative spectral characteristics typically observed in physiological PFP signals. This simulation procedure allows an interactive examination of several factors which affect the PFP train spectrum. Finally, in vivo measurements of physiological PFP signals of normal volunteers are presented. Results of simulations and analysis of signals recorded from human subjects support the mathematical model's prediction that the IPI statistics play a very significant role in determining the low-end power spectrum of the physiological PFP signal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A comparison of IBC with 1997 UBC for modal response spectrum analysis in standard-occupancy buildings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nahhas, Tariq M.

2011-03-01

This paper presents a comparison of the seismic forces generated from a Modal Response Spectrum Analysis (MRSA) by applying the provisions of two building codes, the 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC) and the 2000-2009 International Building Code (IBC), to the most common ordinary residential buildings of standard occupancy. Considering IBC as the state of the art benchmark code, the primary concern is the safety of buildings designed using the UBC as compared to those designed using the IBC. A sample of four buildings with different layouts and heights was used for this comparison. Each of these buildings was assumed to be located at four different geographical sample locations arbitrarily selected to represent various earthquake zones on a seismic map of the USA, and was subjected to code-compliant response spectrum analyses for all sample locations and for five different soil types at each location. Response spectrum analysis was performed using the ETABS software package. For all the cases investigated, the UBC was found to be significantly more conservative than the IBC. The UBC design response spectra have higher spectral accelerations, and as a result, the response spectrum analysis provided a much higher base shear and moment in the structural members as compared to the IBC. The conclusion is that ordinary office and residential buildings designed using UBC 1997 are considered to be overdesigned, and therefore they are quite safe even according to the IBC provisions.

[Laser Raman and infrared spectrum analysis of low-density lipoproteins purified from hen egg yolk].

PubMed

Xue, Hui-jun; Sun, Run-guang; Wang, Xiao-mei; Chang, Yi-guang

2010-11-01

During the experiment, diversified proteins were separated from hen egg yolk by ammonium sulphate rapid fractionation, and pure LDL was obtained after filtrating through Sephadex G-200 chromatography. After the qualitative detection of SDS-PAGE, the authors discovered that LDL consists of five major apoprotein. The Raman and infrared spectrum showed CH2 asymmetric stretching and symmetric stretching mode. However, the authors found C==O stretching vibrations of protein peptide bonds and N+ (CH3)3 asymmetric stretching vibration from the choline group in phospholipids. Laser Raman and infrared spectrum analysis of LDL provided useful information for studying their structure.

Linearized spectrum correlation analysis for line emission measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nishizawa, T.; Nornberg, M. D.; Den Hartog, D. J.; Sarff, J. S.

2017-08-01

A new spectral analysis method, Linearized Spectrum Correlation Analysis (LSCA), for charge exchange and passive ion Doppler spectroscopy is introduced to provide a means of measuring fast spectral line shape changes associated with ion-scale micro-instabilities. This analysis method is designed to resolve the fluctuations in the emission line shape from a stationary ion-scale wave. The method linearizes the fluctuations around a time-averaged line shape (e.g., Gaussian) and subdivides the spectral output channels into two sets to reduce contributions from uncorrelated fluctuations without averaging over the fast time dynamics. In principle, small fluctuations in the parameters used for a line shape model can be measured by evaluating the cross spectrum between different channel groupings to isolate a particular fluctuating quantity. High-frequency ion velocity measurements (100-200 kHz) were made by using this method. We also conducted simulations to compare LSCA with a moment analysis technique under a low photon count condition. Both experimental and synthetic measurements demonstrate the effectiveness of LSCA.

A meta-analysis of the social communication questionnaire: Screening for autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Chesnut, Steven R; Wei, Tianlan; Barnard-Brak, Lucy; Richman, David M

2017-11-01

The current meta-analysis examines the previous research on the utility of the Social Communication Questionnaire as a screening instrument for autism spectrum disorder. Previously published reports have highlighted the inconsistencies between Social Communication Questionnaire-screening results and formal autism spectrum disorder diagnoses. The variations in accuracy resulted in some researchers questioning the validity of the Social Communication Questionnaire. This study systematically examined the accuracy of the Social Communication Questionnaire as a function of the methodological decisions made by researchers screening for autism spectrum disorder over the last 15 years. Findings from this study suggest that the Social Communication Questionnaire is an acceptable screening instrument for autism spectrum disorder (area under the curve = 0.885). Variations in methodological decisions, however, greatly influenced the accuracy of the Social Communication Questionnaire in screening for autism spectrum disorder. Of these methodological variations, using the Current instead of the Lifetime version of the Social Communication Questionnaire resulted in the largest detrimental effect ( d = -3.898), followed by using the Social Communication Questionnaire with individuals younger than 4 years of age ( d = -2.924) and relying upon convenience samples ( d = -4.828 for clinical samples, -2.734 for convenience samples, and -1.422 for community samples). Directions for future research and implications for using the Social Communication Questionnaire to screen for autism spectrum disorder are discussed.

A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of a School-Based Resilience Intervention to Prevent Depressive Symptoms for Young Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mixed Methods Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mackay, Bethany A.; Shochet, Ian M.; Orr, Jayne A.

2017-01-01

Despite increased depression in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), effective prevention approaches for this population are limited. A mixed methods pilot randomised controlled trial (N = 29) of the evidence-based Resourceful Adolescent Program-Autism Spectrum Disorder (RAP-A-ASD) designed to prevent depression was conducted in…

Multivariate statistical analysis of low-voltage EDS spectrum images

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anderson, I.M.

1998-03-01

Whereas energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) has been used for compositional analysis in the scanning electron microscope for 30 years, the benefits of using low operating voltages for such analyses have been explored only during the last few years. This paper couples low-voltage EDS with two other emerging areas of characterization: spectrum imaging and multivariate statistical analysis. The specimen analyzed for this study was a finished Intel Pentium processor, with the polyimide protective coating stripped off to expose the final active layers.

A cost analysis of a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in the empirical treatment of health care-associated infections in cirrhotic patients

PubMed Central

Lucidi, Cristina; Di Gregorio, Vincenza; Ceccarelli, Giancarlo; Venditti, Mario; Riggio, Oliviero; Merli, Manuela

2017-01-01

Background Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of infections in cirrhosis are crucial. As new guidelines in this context, particularly for health care-associated (HCA) infections, would be needed, we performed a trial documenting whether an empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is more effective than the standard one for these infections. Because of the higher daily cost of broad-spectrum than standard antibiotics, we performed a cost analysis to compare: 1) total drug costs, 2) profitability of hospital admissions. Methods This retrospective observational analysis was performed on patients enrolled in the trial NCT01820026, in which consecutive cirrhotic patients with HCA infections were randomly assigned to a standard vs a broad-spectrum treatment. Antibiotic daily doses, days of treatment, length of hospital stay, and DRG (diagnosis-related group) were recorded from the clinical trial medical records. The profitability of hospitalizations was calculated considering DRG tariffs divided by length of hospital stay. Results We considered 84 patients (42 for each group). The standard therapy allowed to obtain a first-line treatment cost lower than in the broad-spectrum therapy. Anyway, the latter, being related to a lower failure rate (19% vs 57.1%), resulted in cost saving in terms of cumulative antibiotic costs (first- and second-line treatments). The mean cost saving per patient for the broad-spectrum arm was €44.18 (−37.6%), with a total cost saving of about €2,000. Compared to standard group, we observed a statistically significant reduction in hospital stay from 17.8 to 11.8 days (p<0.002) for patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The distribution of DRG tariffs was similar in the two groups. According to DRG, the shorter length of hospital stay of the broad-spectrum group involved a higher mean profitable daily cost than standard group (€345.61 vs €252.23; +37%). Conclusion Our study supports the idea that the use of a broad-spectrum empirical treatment for HCA infections in cirrhosis would be cost-saving and that hospitals need to be aware of the clinical and economic consequences of a wrong antibiotic treatment in this setting. PMID:28721080

A cost analysis of a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in the empirical treatment of health care-associated infections in cirrhotic patients.

PubMed

Lucidi, Cristina; Di Gregorio, Vincenza; Ceccarelli, Giancarlo; Venditti, Mario; Riggio, Oliviero; Merli, Manuela

2017-01-01

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of infections in cirrhosis are crucial. As new guidelines in this context, particularly for health care-associated (HCA) infections, would be needed, we performed a trial documenting whether an empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is more effective than the standard one for these infections. Because of the higher daily cost of broad-spectrum than standard antibiotics, we performed a cost analysis to compare: 1) total drug costs, 2) profitability of hospital admissions. This retrospective observational analysis was performed on patients enrolled in the trial NCT01820026, in which consecutive cirrhotic patients with HCA infections were randomly assigned to a standard vs a broad-spectrum treatment. Antibiotic daily doses, days of treatment, length of hospital stay, and DRG (diagnosis-related group) were recorded from the clinical trial medical records. The profitability of hospitalizations was calculated considering DRG tariffs divided by length of hospital stay. We considered 84 patients (42 for each group). The standard therapy allowed to obtain a first-line treatment cost lower than in the broad-spectrum therapy. Anyway, the latter, being related to a lower failure rate (19% vs 57.1%), resulted in cost saving in terms of cumulative antibiotic costs (first- and second-line treatments). The mean cost saving per patient for the broad-spectrum arm was €44.18 (-37.6%), with a total cost saving of about €2,000. Compared to standard group, we observed a statistically significant reduction in hospital stay from 17.8 to 11.8 days ( p <0.002) for patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The distribution of DRG tariffs was similar in the two groups. According to DRG, the shorter length of hospital stay of the broad-spectrum group involved a higher mean profitable daily cost than standard group (€345.61 vs €252.23; +37%). Our study supports the idea that the use of a broad-spectrum empirical treatment for HCA infections in cirrhosis would be cost-saving and that hospitals need to be aware of the clinical and economic consequences of a wrong antibiotic treatment in this setting.

An Analysis of the Effects of Functional Communication and a Voice Output Communication Aid for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olive, Melissa L.; Lang, Russell B.; Davis, Tonya N.

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Functional Communication Training (FCT) and a Voice Output Communication Aid (VOCA) on the challenging behavior and language development of a 4-year-old girl with autism spectrum disorder. The participant's mother implemented modified functional analysis (FA) and intervention procedures in…

Procedures and Compliance of a Video Modeling Applied Behavior Analysis Intervention for Brazilian Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bagaiolo, Leila F.; Mari, Jair de J.; Bordini, Daniela; Ribeiro, Tatiane C.; Martone, Maria Carolina C.; Caetano, Sheila C.; Brunoni, Decio; Brentani, Helena; Paula, Cristiane S.

2017-01-01

Video modeling using applied behavior analysis techniques is one of the most promising and cost-effective ways to improve social skills for parents with autism spectrum disorder children. The main objectives were: (1) To elaborate/describe videos to improve eye contact and joint attention, and to decrease disruptive behaviors of autism spectrum…

Android application and REST server system for quasar spectrum presentation and analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wasiewicz, P.; Pietralik, K.; Hryniewicz, K.

2017-08-01

This paper describes the implementation of a system consisting of a mobile application and RESTful architecture server intended for the analysis and presentation of quasars' spectrum. It also depicts the quasar's characteristics and significance to the scientific community, the source for acquiring astronomical objects' spectral data, used software solutions as well as presents the aspect of Cloud Computing and various possible deployment configurations.

Application of Mobility Spectrum Analysis to Modern Multi-layered IR Device Material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, Alexander Earl

Modern detector materials used for infrared (IR) imaging purposes contain complex multi-layered architectures, making more robust characterization techniques necessary. In order to determine mutli-carrier transport properties in the presence of mixed conduction, variable-field Hall characterization can be performed and then analyzed using mobility spectrum analysis to extract parameters of interest. Transport parameters are expected to aid in modeling and simulation of materials and can be used in optimization of particular problem areas. The performances of infrared devices ultimately depend on transport mechanisms, so an accurate determination becomes paramount. This work focuses on the characterization of two materials at the forefront of IR detectors; incumbent, tried and true, HgCdTe technologies and emergent III-V based superlattice structures holding much promise for future detector purposes. Ex-situ doped long-wave planar devices and in-situ doped mid-wave dual-layer heterojunctions (P+/n architecture) HgCdTe structures are explored with regards to substrate choice, namely lattice-matched CdZnTe and lattice-mismatched Si or GaAs. A detailed study of scattering mechanisms reveal that growth on lattice-mismatched substrates leads to dislocation scattering limited mobility at low temperature, correlating with extrinsically limited minority carrier lifetime and excesses diode tunneling current, resulting in overall lower performance. Mobility spectrum analysis proves to be an effective diagnostic on performance as well as providing insight in surface, substrate-interface, and minority carrier transport. Two main issues limiting performance of III-V based superlattices are addressed; high residual doping backgrounds and surface passivation. Mobility spectrum analysis proves to be a reliable method of determining background doping levels. Modest improvements are obtained via post-growth thermal annealing, but results suggest future efforts should be placed upon growth improvements. Passivation efforts using charged electret dielectric show promise but further refinements would be needed. Thiol passivation is identified as a successful passivant of Be-doped p-type InAs/GaSb long-wave absorbers using mobility spectrum analysis, correlating with fabricated device dark current. Mobility spectrum analysis demonstrates it will be indispensable in future development of III-V material.

Innovative technology-based interventions for autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis.

PubMed

Grynszpan, Ouriel; Weiss, Patrice L Tamar; Perez-Diaz, Fernando; Gal, Eynat

2014-05-01

This article reports the results of a meta-analysis of technology-based intervention studies for children with autism spectrum disorders. We conducted a systematic review of research that used a pre-post design to assess innovative technology interventions, including computer programs, virtual reality, and robotics. The selected studies provided interventions via a desktop computer, interactive DVD, shared active surface, and virtual reality. None employed robotics. The results provide evidence for the overall effectiveness of technology-based training. The overall mean effect size for posttests of controlled studies of children with autism spectrum disorders who received technology-based interventions was significantly different from zero and approached the medium magnitude, d = 0.47 (confidence interval: 0.08-0.86). The influence of age and IQ was not significant. Differences in training procedures are discussed in the light of the negative correlation that was found between the intervention durations and the studies' effect sizes. The results of this meta-analysis provide support for the continuing development, evaluation, and clinical usage of technology-based intervention for individuals with autism spectrum disorders.

Autocorrelation Analysis Combined with a Wavelet Transform Method to Detect and Remove Cosmic Rays in a Single Raman Spectrum.

PubMed

Maury, Augusto; Revilla, Reynier I

2015-08-01

Cosmic rays (CRs) occasionally affect charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors, introducing large spikes with very narrow bandwidth in the spectrum. These CR features can distort the chemical information expressed by the spectra. Consequently, we propose here an algorithm to identify and remove significant spikes in a single Raman spectrum. An autocorrelation analysis is first carried out to accentuate the CRs feature as outliers. Subsequently, with an adequate selection of the threshold, a discrete wavelet transform filter is used to identify CR spikes. Identified data points are then replaced by interpolated values using the weighted-average interpolation technique. This approach only modifies the data in a close vicinity of the CRs. Additionally, robust wavelet transform parameters are proposed (a desirable property for automation) after optimizing them with the application of the method in a great number of spectra. However, this algorithm, as well as all the single-spectrum analysis procedures, is limited to the cases in which CRs have much narrower bandwidth than the Raman bands. This might not be the case when low-resolution Raman instruments are used.

Analysis of a crossed Bragg cell acousto-optical spectrometer for SETI

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gulkis, S.

1989-01-01

The search for radio signals from extraterrestrial intelligent beings (SETI) requires the use of large instantaneous bandwidth (500 MHz) and high resolution (20 Hz) spectrometers. Digital systems with a high degree of modularity can be used to provide this capability, and this method has been widely discussed. Another technique for meeting the SETI requirement is to use a crossed Bragg cell spectrometer as described by Psaltis and Casasent. This technique makes use of the Folded Spectrum concept, introduced by Thomas. The Folded Spectrum is a 2-D Fourier Transform of a raster scanned 1-D signal. It is directly related to the long 1-D spectrum of the original signal and is ideally suited for optical signal processing. The folded spectrum technique has received little attention to date, primarily because early systems made use of photographic film which are unsuitable for the real time data analysis and voluminous data requirements of SETI. An analysis of the crossed Bragg cell spectrometer is presented as a method to achieve the spectral processing requirements for SETI. Systematic noise contributions unique to the Bragg cell system will be discussed.

Analysis of a crossed Bragg cell acousto-optical spectrometer for SETI.

PubMed

Gulkis, S

1989-01-01

The search for radio signals from extraterrestrial intelligent beings (SETI) requires the use of large instantaneous bandwidth (500 MHz) and high resolution (20 Hz) spectrometers. Digital systems with a high degree of modularity can be used to provide this capability, and this method has been widely discussed. Another technique for meeting the SETI requirement is to use a crossed Bragg cell spectrometer as described by Psaltis and Casasent. This technique makes use of the Folded Spectrum concept, introduced by Thomas. The Folded Spectrum is a 2-D Fourier Transform of a raster scanned 1-D signal. It is directly related to the long 1-D spectrum of the original signal and is ideally suited for optical signal processing. The folded spectrum technique has received little attention to date, primarily because early systems made use of photographic film which are unsuitable for the real time data analysis and voluminous data requirements of SETI. An analysis of the crossed Bragg cell spectrometer is presented as a method to achieve the spectral processing requirements for SETI. Systematic noise contributions unique to the Bragg cell system will be discussed.

Analysis of a crossed Bragg cell acousto-optical spectrometer for SETI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gulkis, Samuel

The search for radio signals from extraterrestrial intelligent beings (SETI) requires the use of large instantaneous bandwidth (500 MHz) and high resolution (20 Hz) spectrometers. Digital systems with a high degree of modularity can be used to provide this capability, and this method has been widely discussed. Another technique for meeting the SETI requirement is to use a crossed Bragg cell spectrometer as described by Psaltis and Casasent. This technique makes use of the Folded Spectrum concept, introduced by Thomas. The Folded Spectrum is a 2-D Fourier Transform of a raster scanned 1-D signal. It is directly related to the long 1-D spectrum of the original signal and is ideally suited for optical signal processing. The folded spectrum technique has received little attention to date, primarily because early systems made use of photographic film which are unsuitable for the real time data analysis and voluminous data requirements of SETI. An analysis of the crossed Bragg cell spectrometer is presented as a method to achieve the spectral processing requirements for SETI. Systematic noise contributions unique to the Bragg cell system will be discussed.

Laser-induced differential normalized fluorescence method for cancer diagnosis

DOEpatents

Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Panjehpour, Masoud; Overholt, Bergein F.

1996-01-01

An apparatus and method for cancer diagnosis are disclosed. The diagnostic method includes the steps of irradiating a tissue sample with monochromatic excitation light, producing a laser-induced fluorescence spectrum from emission radiation generated by interaction of the excitation light with the tissue sample, and dividing the intensity at each wavelength of the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum by the integrated area under the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum to produce a normalized spectrum. A mathematical difference between the normalized spectrum and an average value of a reference set of normalized spectra which correspond to normal tissues is calculated, which provides for amplifying small changes in weak signals from malignant tissues for improved analysis. The calculated differential normalized spectrum is correlated to a specific condition of a tissue sample.

Laser-induced differential normalized fluorescence method for cancer diagnosis

DOEpatents

Vo-Dinh, T.; Panjehpour, M.; Overholt, B.F.

1996-12-03

An apparatus and method for cancer diagnosis are disclosed. The diagnostic method includes the steps of irradiating a tissue sample with monochromatic excitation light, producing a laser-induced fluorescence spectrum from emission radiation generated by interaction of the excitation light with the tissue sample, and dividing the intensity at each wavelength of the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum by the integrated area under the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum to produce a normalized spectrum. A mathematical difference between the normalized spectrum and an average value of a reference set of normalized spectra which correspond to normal tissues is calculated, which provides for amplifying small changes in weak signals from malignant tissues for improved analysis. The calculated differential normalized spectrum is correlated to a specific condition of a tissue sample. 5 figs.

No evidence of reaction time slowing in autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Ferraro, F Richard

2016-01-01

A total of 32 studies comprising 238 simple reaction time and choice reaction time conditions were examined in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (n = 964) and controls (n = 1032). A Brinley plot/multiple regression analysis was performed on mean reaction times, regressing autism spectrum disorder performance onto the control performance as a way to examine any generalized simple reaction time/choice reaction time slowing exhibited by the autism spectrum disorder group. The resulting regression equation was Y (autism spectrum disorder) = 0.99 × (control) + 87.93, which accounted for 92.3% of the variance. These results suggest that there are little if any simple reaction time/choice reaction time slowing in this sample of individual with autism spectrum disorder, in comparison with controls. While many cognitive and information processing domains are compromised in autism spectrum disorder, it appears that simple reaction time/choice reaction time remain relatively unaffected in autism spectrum disorder. © The Author(s) 2014.

Multifractal analysis of electronic cardiogram taken from healthy and unhealthy adult subjects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jun; Ning, Xinbao; Chen, Ying

2003-05-01

Electronic Cardiogram (ECG) data taken from healthy adult subjects are found to characterize multifractality. In order to quantitatively analyze multifractal spectrum, the area of the spectrum is computed. We have a comparison between the spectrum of the young subjects and that of the old ones. We find that the area of young adult subject's multifractal spectrum is far larger than the older one's and the logarithm of the area of the spectrum is inversely proportion to age. It shows that when time is running on human heartbeat energy is exponentially decreasing until heart failure. And distinct difference between the area of the multifractal spectrum of healthy subjects and that of having coronary disease is not found. We analyze the ECG data taken from patients with brain injury. The area of their ECG multifractal spectrum is distinctly descending. It shows that a person's multifractal spectrum is controlled mainly by his neurosystem. With advancing age, the neuroautonomic control of people's body on the ECG decreases and tends from multifractality to monofractality.

Portable instant display and analysis reflectance spectrometer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goetz, Alexander F. H. (Inventor)

1985-01-01

A portable analysis spectrometer (10) for field mineral identification is coupled to a microprocessor (11) and memory (12) through a bus (13) and A/D converter (14) to display (16) a spectrum of reflected radiation in a band selected by an adjustable band spectrometer (20) and filter (23). A detector array (21) provides output signals at spaced frequencies within the selected spectrometer band which are simultaneously converted to digital form for display. The spectrum displayed is compared with a collection of spectra for known minerals. That collection is stored in memory and selectively displayed with the measured spectrum, or stored in a separate portfolio. In either case, visual comparison is made. Alternatively, the microprocessor may use an algorithm to make the comparisons in search for the best match of the measured spectrum with one of the stored spectra to identify the mineral in the target area.

Excitonic terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires.

PubMed

Yan, Jie-Yun

2018-06-13

Excitonic terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires is studied. Based on the excitonic theory, the numerical method to calculate the photoconductivity spectrum in the nanowires is developed, which can simulate optical pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy measurements on real nanowires and thereby calculate the typical photoconductivity spectrum. With the help of the energetic structure deduced from the calculated linear absorption spectrum, the numerically observed shift of the resonant peak in the photoconductivity spectrum is found to result from the dominant exciton transition between excited or continuum states to the ground state, and the quantitative analysis is in good agreement with the quantum plasmon model. Besides, the dependence of the photoconductivity on the polarization of the terahertz field is also discussed. The numerical method and supporting theoretical analysis provide a new tool for experimentalists to understand the terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires at low temperatures or for nanowires subjected to below bandgap photoexcitation, where excitonic effects dominate.

Excitonic terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Jie-Yun

2018-06-01

Excitonic terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires is studied. Based on the excitonic theory, the numerical method to calculate the photoconductivity spectrum in the nanowires is developed, which can simulate optical pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy measurements on real nanowires and thereby calculate the typical photoconductivity spectrum. With the help of the energetic structure deduced from the calculated linear absorption spectrum, the numerically observed shift of the resonant peak in the photoconductivity spectrum is found to result from the dominant exciton transition between excited or continuum states to the ground state, and the quantitative analysis is in good agreement with the quantum plasmon model. Besides, the dependence of the photoconductivity on the polarization of the terahertz field is also discussed. The numerical method and supporting theoretical analysis provide a new tool for experimentalists to understand the terahertz photoconductivity in intrinsic semiconductor nanowires at low temperatures or for nanowires subjected to below bandgap photoexcitation, where excitonic effects dominate.

Methyl Group Internal Rotation in the Pure Rotational Spectrum of 1,1-DIFLUOROACETONE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grubbs, G. S. Grubbs, II; Cooke, S. A.; Groner, P.

2011-06-01

We have used chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy to record the pure rotational spectrum of the title molecule. The spectrum was doubled owing to the internal rotation of the methyl group. The spectrum has been assigned and two approaches to the spectral analysis have been performed. In the first case, the A and E components were fit separately using a principal axis method with the SPFIT code of Pickett. In the second case, the A and E states were fit simultaneously using the ERHAM code. For a satisfactory analysis of the spectral data it has been found that the choice of Hamiltonian reduction, i.e. Watson A or S, is very important. The barrier to the internal rotation has been determined to be 261.1(8) Cm-1 and it will be compared to that of acetone and other halogenated acetone species recently studied in our laboratory.

Pulse analysis of acoustic emission signals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houghton, J. R.; Packman, P. F.

1977-01-01

A method for the signature analysis of pulses in the frequency domain and the time domain is presented. Fourier spectrum, Fourier transfer function, shock spectrum and shock spectrum ratio were examined in the frequency domain analysis and pulse shape deconvolution was developed for use in the time domain analysis. Comparisons of the relative performance of each analysis technique are made for the characterization of acoustic emission pulses recorded by a measuring system. To demonstrate the relative sensitivity of each of the methods to small changes in the pulse shape, signatures of computer modeled systems with analytical pulses are presented. Optimization techniques are developed and used to indicate the best design parameter values for deconvolution of the pulse shape. Several experiments are presented that test the pulse signature analysis methods on different acoustic emission sources. These include acoustic emission associated with (a) crack propagation, (b) ball dropping on a plate, (c) spark discharge, and (d) defective and good ball bearings. Deconvolution of the first few micro-seconds of the pulse train is shown to be the region in which the significant signatures of the acoustic emission event are to be found.

Pulse analysis of acoustic emission signals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Houghton, J. R.; Packman, P. F.

1977-01-01

A method for the signature analysis of pulses in the frequency domain and the time domain is presented. Fourier spectrum, Fourier transfer function, shock spectrum and shock spectrum ratio were examined in the frequency domain analysis, and pulse shape deconvolution was developed for use in the time domain analysis. Comparisons of the relative performance of each analysis technique are made for the characterization of acoustic emission pulses recorded by a measuring system. To demonstrate the relative sensitivity of each of the methods to small changes in the pulse shape, signatures of computer modeled systems with analytical pulses are presented. Optimization techniques are developed and used to indicate the best design parameters values for deconvolution of the pulse shape. Several experiments are presented that test the pulse signature analysis methods on different acoustic emission sources. These include acoustic emissions associated with: (1) crack propagation, (2) ball dropping on a plate, (3) spark discharge and (4) defective and good ball bearings. Deconvolution of the first few micro-seconds of the pulse train are shown to be the region in which the significant signatures of the acoustic emission event are to be found.

Computer analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra of paint samples for forensic purposes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szafarska, Małgorzata; Woźniakiewicz, Michał; Pilch, Mariusz; Zięba-Palus, Janina; Kościelniak, Paweł

2009-04-01

A method of subtraction and normalization of IR spectra (MSN-IR) was developed and successfully applied to extract mathematically the pure paint spectrum from the spectrum of paint coat on different bases, both acquired by the Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) technique. The method consists of several stages encompassing several normalization and subtraction processes. The similarity of the spectrum obtained with the reference spectrum was estimated by means of the normalized Manhattan distance. The utility and performance of the method proposed were tested by examination of five different paints sprayed on plastic (polyester) foil and on fabric materials (cotton). It was found that the numerical algorithm applied is able - in contrast to other mathematical approaches conventionally used for the same aim - to reconstruct a pure paint IR spectrum effectively without a loss of chemical information provided. The approach allows the physical separation of a paint from a base to be avoided, hence a time and work-load of analysis to be considerably reduced. The results obtained prove that the method can be considered as a useful tool which can be applied to forensic purposes.

Power Spectrum of Long Eigenlevel Sequences in Quantum Chaotic Systems.

PubMed

Riser, Roman; Osipov, Vladimir Al; Kanzieper, Eugene

2017-05-19

We present a nonperturbative analysis of the power spectrum of energy level fluctuations in fully chaotic quantum structures. Focusing on systems with broken time-reversal symmetry, we employ a finite-N random matrix theory to derive an exact multidimensional integral representation of the power spectrum. The N→∞ limit of the exact solution furnishes the main result of this study-a universal, parameter-free prediction for the power spectrum expressed in terms of a fifth Painlevé transcendent. Extensive numerics lends further support to our theory which, as discussed at length, invalidates a traditional assumption that the power spectrum is merely determined by the spectral form factor of a quantum system.

Functional pitch of a liver: fatty liver disease diagnosis with photoacoustic spectrum analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Guan; Meng, Zhuoxian; Lin, Jiandie; Carson, Paul; Wang, Xueding

2014-03-01

To provide more information for classification and assessment of biological tissues, photoacoustic spectrum analysis (PASA) moves beyond the quantification of the intensities of the photoacoustic (PA) signals by the use of the frequency-domain power distribution, namely power spectrum, of broadband PA signals. The method of PASA quantifies the linear-fit to the power spectrum of the PA signals from a biological tissue with 3 parameters, including intercept, midband-fit and slope. Intercept and midband-fit reflect the total optical absorption of the tissues whereas slope reflects the heterogeneity of the tissue structure. Taking advantage of the optical absorption contrasts contributed by lipid and blood at 1200 and 532 nm, respectively and the heterogeneous tissue microstructure in fatty liver due to the lipid infiltration, we investigate the capability of PASA in identifying histological changes of fatty livers in mouse model. 6 and 9 pairs of normal and fatty liver tissues from rat models were examined by ex vivo experiment with a conventional rotational PA measurement system. One pair of rat models with normal and fatty livers was examined non-invasively and in situ with our recently developed ultrasound and PA parallel imaging system. The results support our hypotheses that the spectrum analysis of PA signals can provide quantitative measures of the differences between the normal and fatty liver tissues and that part of the PA power spectrum can suffice for characterization of microstructures in biological tissues. Experimental results also indicate that the vibrational absorption peak of lipid at 1200nm could facilitate fatty liver diagnosis.

Analysis of the 3C 445 soft X-ray spectrum as observed by Chandra high-energy gratings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dong, Fu-Tong; Shao, Shu-Hua; Cheng, Yan; Zeng, Jiao-Long

2018-05-01

We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray emission of 3C 445 using an archival Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) spectrum. Highly-ionized H- and He-like Mg, Si and S lines, as well as a resolved low-ionized Si Kα line, are detected in the high resolution spectrum. The He-like triplets of Mg and Si are resolved into individual lines, and the calculated R ratios indicate a high density for the emitter. The low values of G ratios indicate the lines originate from collisionally ionized plasmas. However, the detection of a resolved narrow Ne X radiative recombination continua (RRC) feature in the spectrum seems to prefer a photoionized environment. The spectrum is subsequently modeled with a photoionization model, and the results are compared with those of a collisional model. Through a detailed analysis of the spectrum, we exclude a collisional origin for these emission lines. A one-component photoionization model provides a great fit to the emission features. The best-fit parameters are {log} ξ ={3.3}-0.3+0.4 erg cm s‑1, {n}{{H}}={5}-4.5+15× {10}10 cm‑3 and {N}{{H}}={2.5}-1.7+3.8× {10}20 cm‑2. According to the calculated high density for the emitter, the measured velocity widths of the emission lines and the inferred radial distance (6 × 1014 – 8 × 1015 cm), we suggest the emission lines originating from matter are located in the broad line region (BLR).

Energy spectrum and transport in narrow HgTe quantum wells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Germanenko, A. V., E-mail: Alexander.Germanenko@urfu.ru; Minkov, G. M.; Rut, O. E.

The results of an experimental study of the transport phenomena and the hole energy spectrum of two-dimensional systems in the quantum well of HgTe zero-gap semiconductor with normal arrangement of quantum-confinement subbands are presented. An analysis of the experimental data allows us to reconstruct the carrier energy spectrum near the hole subband extrema. The results are interpreted using the standard kP model.

Are Autistic Traits Measured Equivalently in Individuals with and without an Autism Spectrum Disorder? An Invariance Analysis of the Autism Spectrum Quotient Short Form

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murray, Aja L.; Booth, Tom; McKenzie, Karen; Kuenssberg, Renate; O'Donnell, Michael

2014-01-01

It is common to administer measures of autistic traits to those without autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) with, for example, the aim of understanding autistic personality characteristics in non-autistic individuals. Little research has examined the extent to which measures of autistic traits actually measure the same traits in the same way across…

Performance Analysis on the Coexistence of Multiple Cognitive Radio Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-28

the scarce spectrum resources. Cognitive radio is a key in minimizing the spectral congestion through its adaptability, where the radio parameters...static allocation of spectrum results in congestion in some parts of the spectrum and non use in some others, therefore, spectra utilization is...well as the secondary user (SU) activities in multiple CR networks. It is shown that the scheduler provided much needed gain during congestions . However

Shielding Analysis of a Small Compact Space Nuclear Reactor

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-01

RESPONSE) =4, MAXWELLIAN FISSION SPECTRUM (ILNTEGRAL RESPONSE) =5, LOS ALAMOS FISSION SPECTRUM, 1982 (INTEGRAL RESPONSE) =6, VITAMIN C NEUTRON SPECTRUM...Appendices Appendix A: Calculations of Effective Radii.. A-1 Appendix B: Atom Density Calculations for FEMPlD and FEMP2D ................ B-I Appendix C ...FEMPID and FEM22D Data........... C -i Appendix D: Energy Group Definition .......... D-I Appendix E: Transport Equation, Legendr4 Polynomial

A measurement by BOOMERANG of multiple peaks in the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Netterfield, C. B.; Ade, P. A. R.; Bock, J. J.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Boscaleri, A.; Coble, K.; Contaldi, C. R.; Crill, B. P.; Bernardis, P. de;

Study of spread spectrum multiple access systems for satellite communications with overlay on current services

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ha, Tri T.; Pratt, Timothy

1989-01-01

The feasibility of using spread spectrum techniques to provide a low-cost multiple access system for a very large number of low data terminals was investigated. Two applications of spread spectrum technology to very small aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite communication networks are presented. Two spread spectrum multiple access systems which use a form of noncoherent M-ary FSK (MFSK) as the primary modulation are described and the throughput analyzed. The analysis considers such factors as satellite power constraints and adjacent satellite interference. Also considered is the effect of on-board processing on the multiple access efficiency and the feasibility of overlaying low data rate spread spectrum signals on existing satellite traffic as a form of frequency reuse is investigated. The use of chirp is examined for spread spectrum communications. In a chirp communication system, each data bit is converted into one or more up or down sweeps of frequency, which spread the RF energy across a broad range of frequencies. Several different forms of chirp communication systems are considered, and a multiple-chirp coded system is proposed for overlay service. The mutual interference problem is examined in detail and a performance analysis undertaken for the case of a chirp data channel overlaid on a video channel.

Figurative language comprehension in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic review

PubMed Central

Kalandadze, Tamar; Norbury, Courtenay; Nærland, Terje; Næss, Kari-Anne B

2016-01-01

We present a meta-analysis of studies that compare figurative language comprehension in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and in typically developing controls who were matched based on chronological age or/and language ability. A total of 41 studies and 45 independent effect sizes were included based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Group matching strategy, age, types of figurative language, and cross-linguistic differences were examined as predictors that might explain heterogeneity in effect sizes. Overall, individuals with autism spectrum disorder showed poorer comprehension of figurative language than their typically developing peers (Hedges’ g = –0.57). A meta-regression analysis showed that group matching strategy and types of figurative language were significantly related to differences in effect sizes, whereas chronological age and cross-linguistic differences were not. Differences between the autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups were small and nonsignificant when the groups were matched based on the language ability. Metaphors were more difficult to comprehend for individuals with autism spectrum disorder compared with typically developing controls than were irony and sarcasm. Our findings highlight the critical role of core language skills in figurative language comprehension. Interventions and educational programmes designed to improve social communication skills in individuals with autism spectrum disorder may beneficially target core language skills in addition to social skills. PMID:27899711

Design Spectrum Analysis in NASTRAN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, T. G.

1984-01-01

The utility of Design Spectrum Analysis is to give a mode by mode characterization of the behavior of a design under a given loading. The theory of design spectrum is discussed after operations are explained. User instructions are taken up here in three parts: Transient Preface, Maximum Envelope Spectrum, and RMS Average Spectrum followed by a Summary Table. A single DMAP ALTER packet will provide for all parts of the design spectrum operations. The starting point for getting a modal break-down of the response to acceleration loading is the Modal Transient rigid format. After eigenvalue extraction, modal vectors need to be isolated in the full set of physical coordinates (P-sized as opposed to the D-sized vectors in RF 12). After integration for transient response the results are scanned over the solution time interval for the peak values and for the times that they occur. A module called SCAN was written to do this job, that organizes these maxima into a diagonal output matrix. The maximum amplifier in each mode is applied to the eigenvector of each mode which then reveals the maximum displacements, stresses, forces and boundary reactions that the structure will experience for a load history, mode by mode. The standard NASTRAN output processors have been modified for this task. It is required that modes be normalized to mass.

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy of Hidden Objects, Part I: Interpretation of the Reflection-Absorption-Scattering Fractions in Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectra of Polyethylene Films.

PubMed

Pomerantsev, Alexey L; Rodionova, Oxana Ye; Skvortsov, Alexej N

2017-08-01

Investigation of a sample covered by an interfering layer is required in many fields, e.g., for process control, biochemical analysis, and many other applications. This study is based on the analysis of spectra collected by near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Each spectrum is a composition of a useful, target spectrum and a spectrum of an interfering layer. To recover the target spectrum, we suggest using a new phenomenological approach, which employs the multivariate curve resolution (MCR) method. In general terms, the problem is very complex. We start with a specific problem of analyzing a system, which consists of several layers of polyethylene (PE) film and underlayer samples with known spectral properties. To separate information originating from PE layers and the target, we modify the system versus both the number of the PE layers as well as the reflectance properties of the target sample. We consider that the interfering spectrum of the layer can be modeled using three components, which can be tentatively called transmission, absorption, and scattering contributions. The novelty of our approach is that we do not remove the reflectance and scattering effects from the spectra, but study them in detail aiming to use this information to recover the target spectrum.

Real time analysis of voiced sounds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hong, J. P. (Inventor)

1976-01-01

A power spectrum analysis of the harmonic content of a voiced sound signal is conducted in real time by phase-lock-loop tracking of the fundamental frequency, (f sub 0) of the signal and successive harmonics (h sub 1 through h sub n) of the fundamental frequency. The analysis also includes measuring the quadrature power and phase of each frequency tracked, differentiating the power measurements of the harmonics in adjacent pairs, and analyzing successive differentials to determine peak power points in the power spectrum for display or use in analysis of voiced sound, such as for voice recognition.

An abundance analysis from the STIS-HST UV spectrum of the non-magnetic Bp star HR 6000

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castelli, F.; Cowley, C. R.; Ayres, T. R.; Catanzaro, G.; Leone, F.

2017-05-01

Context. The sharp-line spectrum of the non-magnetic, main-sequence Bp star HR 6000 has peculiarities that distinguish it from those of the HgMn stars with which it is sometimes associated. The position of the star close to the center of the Lupus 3 molecular cloud, whose estimated age is on the order of 9.1 ± 2.1 Myr, has lead to the hypothesis that the anomalous peculiarities of HR 6000 can be explained by the young age of the star. Aims: Observational material from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) provides the opportunity to extend the abundance analysis previously performed for the optical region and clarify the properties of this remarkable peculiar star. Our aim was to obtain the atmospheric abundances for all the elements observed in a broad region from 1250 to 10 000 Å. Methods: An LTE synthetic spectrum was compared with a high-resolution spectrum observed with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) equipment in the 1250-3040 Å interval. Abundances were changed until the synthetic spectrum fit the observed spectrum. The assumed model is an LTE, plane-parallel, line-blanketed ATLAS12 model already used for the abundance analysis of a high-resolution optical spectrum observed at ESO with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES). The stellar parameters are Teff = 13450 K, log g = 4.3, and zero microturbulent velocity. Results: Abundances for 28 elements and 7 upper limits were derived from the ultraviolet spectrum. Adding results from previous work, we have now quantitative results for 37 elements, some of which show striking contrasts with those of a broad sample of HgMn stars. The analysis has pointed out numerous abundance anomalies, such as ionization anomalies and line-to-line variation in the derived abundances, in particular for silicon. The inferred discrepancies could be explained by non-LTE effects and with the occurrence of diffusion and vertical abundance stratification. In the framework of the last hypothesis, we obtained, by means of trial and error, empirical step functions of abundance versus optical depth log (τ5000) for carbon, nitrogen, silicon, manganese, and gold, while we failed to find such a function for phosphorous. The poor results for carbon, and mostly for phosphorus, suggest the possible importance in this star of NLTE effects to be investigated in future works.

Acoustooptical Spectrum Analysis Modeling.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

broadband applications of acoustooptical spectrum analysis will result in nonuniform frequency responses requiring such modifications before using the AOSA...Ofl itW W Z Ztc 11 kAlI 11 (A* I -z -1 41 lz - 4-- a f~d V) LAIR 2 *ZF43 t0i Oc c U -x v~ w. >IUJU U .4J >U 114 " lU -- M 0aLI-- ftplx 4 cc C <oo - n

Sequence-dependent modelling of local DNA bending phenomena: curvature prediction and vibrational analysis.

PubMed

Vlahovicek, K; Munteanu, M G; Pongor, S

1999-01-01

Bending is a local conformational micropolymorphism of DNA in which the original B-DNA structure is only distorted but not extensively modified. Bending can be predicted by simple static geometry models as well as by a recently developed elastic model that incorporate sequence dependent anisotropic bendability (SDAB). The SDAB model qualitatively explains phenomena including affinity of protein binding, kinking, as well as sequence-dependent vibrational properties of DNA. The vibrational properties of DNA segments can be studied by finite element analysis of a model subjected to an initial bending moment. The frequency spectrum is obtained by applying Fourier analysis to the displacement values in the time domain. This analysis shows that the spectrum of the bending vibrations quite sensitively depends on the sequence, for example the spectrum of a curved sequence is characteristically different from the spectrum of straight sequence motifs of identical basepair composition. Curvature distributions are genome-specific, and pronounced differences are found between protein-coding and regulatory regions, respectively, that is, sites of extreme curvature and/or bendability are less frequent in protein-coding regions. A WWW server is set up for the prediction of curvature and generation of 3D models from DNA sequences (http:@www.icgeb.trieste.it/dna).

EGRET/COMPTEL Observations of an Unusual, Steep-Spectrum Gamma-Ray Source

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, D. J.; Bertsch, D. L.; Hartman, R. C.; Collmar, W.; Johnson, W. N.

1999-01-01

During analysis of sources below the threshold of the third EGRET catalog, we have discovered a source, named GRO J1400-3956 based on the best position, with a remarkably steep spectrum. Archival analysis of COMPTEL data shows that the spectrum must have a strong turn-over in the energy range between COMPTEL and EGRET. The EGRET data show some evidence of time variability, suggesting an AGN, but the spectral change of slope is larger than that seen for most gamma-ray blazars. The sharp cutoff resembles the high-energy spectral breaks seen in some gamma-ray pulsars. There have as yet been no OSSE observations of this source.

Frequency spectrum analysis of laser generated ultrasonic waves in ablative regime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mi, Bao; Ume, I. Charles

2002-05-01

In this paper, laser ultrasonic signals generated in ablative regime are measured in a number of metal samples (2024 Al, 6061 Al, 7075 Al, mild steel, and copper) with a broadband laser interferometer. The frequency spectra are analyzed and compared for different thicknesses (50.8 mm, 25.4 mm, 12.7 mm, and 6.4 mm), and for different power densities. Hanning windowing is applied before frequency analysis is performed. The experimental data match the theoretical predictions very well. The results show that the frequency spectrum extends from 0 to 15 MHz, while the center frequency occurs near 2 MHz. The detailed distribution of the spectrum is dependent on the material, thickness, and laser power density.

THE COMPLETE, TEMPERATURE RESOLVED EXPERIMENTAL SPECTRUM OF METHYL FORMATE (HCOOCH{sub 3}) BETWEEN 214.6 AND 265.4 GHz

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McMillan, James P.; Fortman, Sarah M.; Neese, Christopher F.

2016-05-20

Because methyl formate (HCOOCH{sub 3}) is abundant in the interstellar medium and has a strong, complex spectrum, it is a major contributor to the list of identified astrophysical lines. Because of its spectral complexity, with many low lying torsional and vibrational states, the quantum mechanical (QM) analysis of its laboratory spectrum is challenging and thus incomplete. As a result it is assumed that methyl formate is also one of the major contributors to the lists of unassigned lines in astrophysical spectra. This paper provides a characterization, without the need for QM analysis, of the spectrum of methyl formate between 214.6more » and 265.4 GHz for astrophysically significant temperatures. The experimental basis for this characterization is a set of 425 spectra, with absolute intensity calibration, recorded between 248 and 408 K. Analysis of these spectra makes possible the calculation of the Complete Experimental Spectrum of methyl formate as a function of temperature. Of the 7132 strongest lines reported in this paper, 2523 are in the QM catalogs. Intensity differences of 5%–10% from those calculated via QM models were also found. Results are provided in a frequency point-by-point catalog that is well suited for the simulation of overlapped spectra. The common astrophysical line frequency, line strength, and lower state energy catalog is also provided.« less

The Complete, Temperature Resolved Experimental Spectrum of Methyl Formate (HCOOCH3) between 214.6 and 265.4 GHz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McMillan, James P.; Fortman, Sarah M.; Neese, Christopher F.; De Lucia, Frank C.

2016-05-01

Because methyl formate (HCOOCH3) is abundant in the interstellar medium and has a strong, complex spectrum, it is a major contributor to the list of identified astrophysical lines. Because of its spectral complexity, with many low lying torsional and vibrational states, the quantum mechanical (QM) analysis of its laboratory spectrum is challenging and thus incomplete. As a result it is assumed that methyl formate is also one of the major contributors to the lists of unassigned lines in astrophysical spectra. This paper provides a characterization, without the need for QM analysis, of the spectrum of methyl formate between 214.6 and 265.4 GHz for astrophysically significant temperatures. The experimental basis for this characterization is a set of 425 spectra, with absolute intensity calibration, recorded between 248 and 408 K. Analysis of these spectra makes possible the calculation of the Complete Experimental Spectrum of methyl formate as a function of temperature. Of the 7132 strongest lines reported in this paper, 2523 are in the QM catalogs. Intensity differences of 5%-10% from those calculated via QM models were also found. Results are provided in a frequency point-by-point catalog that is well suited for the simulation of overlapped spectra. The common astrophysical line frequency, line strength, and lower state energy catalog is also provided.

Computation of the spectrum of spatial Lyapunov exponents for the spatially extended beam-plasma systems and electron-wave devices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hramov, Alexander E.; Saratov State Technical University, Politechnicheskaja str., 77, Saratov 410054; Koronovskii, Alexey A.

2012-08-15

The spectrum of Lyapunov exponents is powerful tool for the analysis of the complex system dynamics. In the general framework of nonlinear dynamics, a number of the numerical techniques have been developed to obtain the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents for the complex temporal behavior of the systems with a few degree of freedom. Unfortunately, these methods cannot be applied directly to analysis of complex spatio-temporal dynamics of plasma devices which are characterized by the infinite phase space, since they are the spatially extended active media. In the present paper, we propose the method for the calculation of the spectrum ofmore » the spatial Lyapunov exponents (SLEs) for the spatially extended beam-plasma systems. The calculation technique is applied to the analysis of chaotic spatio-temporal oscillations in three different beam-plasma model: (1) simple plasma Pierce diode, (2) coupled Pierce diodes, and (3) electron-wave system with backward electromagnetic wave. We find an excellent agreement between the system dynamics and the behavior of the spectrum of the spatial Lyapunov exponents. Along with the proposed method, the possible problems of SLEs calculation are also discussed. It is shown that for the wide class of the spatially extended systems, the set of quantities included in the system state for SLEs calculation can be reduced using the appropriate feature of the plasma systems.« less

Microwave and hard X-ray emissions during the impulsive phase of solar flares: Nonthermal electron spectrum and time delay

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gu, Ye-Ming; Li, Chung-Sheng

1986-01-01

On the basis of the summing-up and analysis of the observations and theories about the impulsive microwave and hard X-ray bursts, the correlations between these two kinds of emissions were investigated. It is shown that it is only possible to explain the optically-thin microwave spectrum and its relations with the hard X-ray spectrum by means of the nonthermal source model. A simple nonthermal trap model in the mildly-relativistic case can consistently explain the main characteristics of the spectrum and the relative time delays.

Spectrum of classes of point emitters of electromagnetic wave fields.

PubMed

Castañeda, Román

2016-09-01

The spectrum of classes of point emitters has been introduced as a numerical tool suitable for the design, analysis, and synthesis of non-paraxial optical fields in arbitrary states of spatial coherence. In this paper, the polarization state of planar electromagnetic wave fields is included in the spectrum of classes, thus increasing its modeling capabilities. In this context, optical processing is realized as a filtering on the spectrum of classes of point emitters, performed by the complex degree of spatial coherence and the two-point correlation of polarization, which could be implemented dynamically by using programmable optical devices.

Observation of the ankle and evidence for a high-energy break in the cosmic ray spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbasi, R.; Abuzayyad, T.; Amman, J.; Archbold, G.; Atkins, R.; Bellido, J.; Belov, K.; Belz, J.; Benzvi, S.; Bergman, D.

2005-07-01

We have measured the cosmic ray spectrum at energies above $10^{17}$ eV using the two air fluorescence detectors of the High Resolution Fly's Eye experiment operating in monocular mode. We describe the detector, PMT and atmospheric calibrations, and the analysis techniques for the two detectors. We fit the spectrum to models describing galactic and extragalactic sources. Our measured spectrum gives an observation of a feature known as the ``ankle'' near $3\\times 10^{18}$ eV, and strong evidence for a suppression near $6\\times 10^{19}$ eV.

[Application of wavelet transform and neural network in the near-infrared spectrum analysis of oil shale].

PubMed

Li, Su-Yi; Ji, Yan-Ju; Liu, Wei-Yu; Wang, Zhi-Hong

2013-04-01

In the present study, an innovative method is proposed, employing both wavelet transform and neural network, to analyze the near-infrared spectrum data in oil shale survey. The method entails using db8 wavelet at 3 levels decomposition to process raw data, using the transformed data as the input matrix, and creating the model through neural network. To verify the validity of the method, this study analyzes 30 synthesized oil shale samples, in which 20 samples are randomly selected for network training, the other 10 for model prediction, and uses the full spectrum and the wavelet transformed spectrum to carry out 10 network models, respectively. Results show that the mean speed of the full spectrum neural network modeling is 570.33 seconds, and the predicted residual sum of squares (PRESS) and correlation coefficient of prediction are 0.006 012 and 0.843 75, respectively. In contrast, the mean speed of the wavelet network modeling method is 3.15 seconds, and the mean PRESS and correlation coefficient of prediction are 0.002 048 and 0.953 19, respectively. These results demonstrate that the wavelet neural network modeling method is significantly superior to the full spectrum neural network modeling method. This study not only provides a new method for more efficient and accurate detection of the oil content of oil shale, but also indicates the potential for applying wavelet transform and neutral network in broad near-infrared spectrum analysis.

Evidence for cosmological particle creation?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pigozzo, C.; Carneiro, S.; Borges, H.A.

2016-05-01

A joint analysis of the linear matter power spectrum, distance measurements from type Ia supernovae and the position of the first peak in the anisotropy spectrum of the cosmic microwave background indicates a cosmological, late-time dark matter creation at 95% confidence level.

Analysis of spectrum utilization and message length statistics for the railroad land mobile radio service

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-11-01

In support of the Federal Railroad Administration of the United States Department of Transportation, the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS) has completed a field spectrum uitilization survey designed to examine individual channel utilizat...

The fundamental parameter method applied to X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pantenburg, F. J.; Beier, T.; Hennrich, F.; Mommsen, H.

1992-05-01

Quantitative X-ray fluorescence analysis applying the fundamental parameter method is usually restricted to monochromatic excitation sources. It is shown here, that such analyses can be performed as well with a white synchrotron radiation spectrum. To determine absolute elemental concentration values it is necessary to know the spectral distribution of this spectrum. A newly designed and tested experimental setup, which uses the synchrotron radiation emitted from electrons in a bending magnet of ELSA (electron stretcher accelerator of the university of Bonn) is presented. The determination of the exciting spectrum, described by the given electron beam parameters, is limited due to uncertainties in the vertical electron beam size and divergence. We describe a method which allows us to determine the relative and absolute spectral distributions needed for accurate analysis. First test measurements of different alloys and standards of known composition demonstrate that it is possible to determine exact concentration values in bulk and trace element analysis.

A Quick and Easy Simplification of Benzocaine's NMR Spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carpenter, Suzanne R.; Wallace, Richard H.

2006-04-01

The preparation of benzocaine is a common experiment used in sophomore-level organic chemistry. Its straightforward procedure and predictable good yields make it ideal for the beginning organic student. Analysis of the product via NMR spectroscopy, however, can be confusing to the novice interpreter. An inexpensive, quick, and effective method for simplifying the NMR spectrum is reported. The method results in a spectrum that is cleanly integrated and more easily interpreted.

Analysis of the backscatter spectrum in an ionospheric modification experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, H.; Crawford, F. W.; Harker, K. J.

1974-01-01

Predictions of the backscatter spectrum, including effects of ionospheric inhomogeneity, are compared with experimental observations of incoherent backscatter from an artificially heated region. Our calculations show that the strongest backscatter echo received is not from the reflection level, but from a region some distance below. Certain asymmetrical features are explained of the up-shifted and down-shifted plasma lines in the backscatter spectrum, and the several satellite peaks accompanying them.

Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults?

PubMed

Wilson, C Ellie; Murphy, Clodagh M; McAlonan, Grainne; Robertson, Dene M; Spain, Debbie; Hayward, Hannah; Woodhouse, Emma; Deeley, P Quinton; Gillan, Nicola; Ohlsen, J Chris; Zinkstok, Janneke; Stoencheva, Vladimira; Faulkner, Jessica; Yildiran, Hatice; Bell, Vaughan; Hammond, Neil; Craig, Michael C; Murphy, Declan Gm

2016-10-01

It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x(2) = 4.09; p = 0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ > 70; N = 827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p = 0.001, d = 0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. © The Author(s) 2016.

Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults?

PubMed Central

Wilson, C Ellie; Murphy, Clodagh M; McAlonan, Grainne; Robertson, Dene M; Spain, Debbie; Hayward, Hannah; Woodhouse, Emma; Deeley, P Quinton; Gillan, Nicola; Ohlsen, J Chris; Zinkstok, Janneke; Stoencheva, Vladimira; Faulkner, Jessica; Yildiran, Hatice; Bell, Vaughan; Hammond, Neil; Craig, Michael C; Murphy, Declan GM

2016-01-01

It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2 = 4.09; p = 0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ > 70; N = 827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p = 0.001, d = 0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. PMID:26802113

ß-delayed γ-proton decay in ⁵⁶Zn: Analysis of the charged-particle spectrum

DOE PAGES

Orrigo, S. E.A.; Rubio, B.; Fujita, Y.; ...

2015-01-01

A study of the β decay of the proton-rich T z = –2 nucleus ⁵⁶Zn has been reported in a recent publication. A rare and exotic decay mode, β-de-layed γ-proton decay, has been observed there for the first time in the fp shell. Here, we expand on some of the details of the data analysis, focusing on the charged particle spectrum.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

De Blas, Alfredo; Tapia, Carlos; Riego, Albert

pGamma is a code developed by the NERG group of the Technical University of Catalonia - Barcelona Tech for the analysis of gamma spectra generated by the Equipment for the Continuous Measurement and Identification of Gamma Radioactivity on Aerosols with Paper Filter developed for our group and Raditel Servies company. Nowadays the code is in the process of adaptation for the monitors of the Environmental Radiological Surveillance Network of the Local Government of Catalonia (Generalitat of Catalonia), Spain. The code is a Spectrum Analysis System, it identifies the gamma emitters on the spectrum, determines its Concentration of Activity, generates alarmsmore » depending on the Activity of the emitters and generates a report. The Spectrum Analysis System includes a library with emitters of interest, NORM and artificial. The code is being used on the three stations with the aerosol monitor of the Network (Asco and Vandellos, near both Nuclear Power Plants and Barcelona). (authors)« less

Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrum analysis method of polyaluminum chloride flocculants.

PubMed

Feng, Chenghong; Bi, Zhe; Tang, Hongxiao

2015-01-06

Electrospray mass spectrometry has been reported as a novel technique for Al species identification, but to date, the working mechanism is not clear and no unanimous method exists for spectrum analysis of traditional Al salt flocculants, let alone for analysis of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculants. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel theoretical calculation method to identify Al species from a mass spectrum, based on deducing changes in m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) and molecular formulas of oligomers in five typical PAC flocculants. The use of reference chemical species was specially proposed in the method to guarantee the uniqueness of the assigned species. The charge and mass reduction of the Al cluster was found to proceed by hydrolysis, gasification, and change of hydroxyl on the oxy bridge. The novel method was validated both qualitatively and quantitatively by comparing the results to those obtained with the (27)Al NMR spectrometry.

An Overview of the XGAM Code and Related Software for Gamma-ray Analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Younes, W.

2014-11-13

The XGAM spectrum-fitting code and associated software were developed specifically to analyze the complex gamma-ray spectra that can result from neutron-induced reactions. The XGAM code is designed to fit a spectrum over the entire available gamma-ray energy range as a single entity, in contrast to the more traditional piecewise approaches. This global-fit philosophy enforces background continuity as well as consistency between local and global behavior throughout the spectrum, and in a natural way. This report presents XGAM and the suite of programs built around it with an emphasis on how they fit into an overall analysis methodology for complex gamma-raymore » data. An application to the analysis of time-dependent delayed gamma-ray yields from 235U fission is shown in order to showcase the codes and how they interact.« less

Bispectral analysis of equatorial spread F density irregularities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Labelle, J.; Lund, E. J.

1992-01-01

Bispectral analysis has been applied to density irregularities at frequencies 5-30 Hz observed with a sounding rocket launched from Peru in March 1983. Unlike the power spectrum, the bispectrum contains statistical information about the phase relations between the Fourier components which make up the waveform. In the case of spread F data from 475 km the 5-30 Hz portion of the spectrum displays overall enhanced bicoherence relative to that of the background instrumental noise and to that expected due to statistical considerations, implying that the observed f exp -2.5 power law spectrum has a significant non-Gaussian component. This is consistent with previous qualitative analyses. The bicoherence has also been calculated for simulated equatorial spread F density irregularities in approximately the same wavelength regime, and the resulting bispectrum has some features in common with that of the rocket data. The implications of this analysis for equatorial spread F are discussed, and some future investigations are suggested.

Activation analysis study on Li-ion batteries for nuclear forensic applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, Erik B.; Whitney, Chad; Holbert, Keith E.; Zhang, Taipeng; Stannard, Tyler; Christie, Anthony; Harper, Peter; Anderson, Blake; Christian, James F.

2015-06-01

The nuclear materials environment has been increasing significantly in complexity over the past couple of decades. The prevention of attacks from nuclear weapons is becoming more difficult, and nuclear forensics is a deterrent by providing detailed information on any type of nuclear event for proper attribution. One component of the nuclear forensic analysis is a measurement of the neutron spectrum. As an example, the neutron component provides information on the composition of the weapons, whether boosting is involved or the mechanisms used in creating a supercritical state. As 6Li has a large cross-section for thermal neutrons, the lithium battery is a primary candidate for assessing the neutron spectrum after detonation. The absorption process for 6Li yields tritium, which can be measured at a later point after the nuclear event, as long as the battery can be processed in a manner to successfully extract the tritium content. In addition, measuring the activated constituents after exposure provides a means to reconstruct the incident neutron spectrum. The battery consists of a spiral or folded layers of material that have unique, energy dependent interactions associated with the incident neutron flux. A detailed analysis on the batteries included a pre-irradiated mass spectrometry analysis to be used as input for neutron spectrum reconstruction. A set of batteries were exposed to a hard neutron spectrum delivered by the University of Massachusetts, Lowell research reactor Fast Neutron Irradiator (FNI). The gamma spectra were measured from the batteries within a few days and within a week after the exposure to obtain sufficient data on the activated materials in the batteries. The activity was calculated for a number of select isotopes, indicating the number of associated neutron interactions. The results from tritium extraction are marginal. A measurable increase in detected particles (gammas and betas) below 50 keV not self-attenuated by the battery was observed, yet as the spectra are coarse, the gamma information is not separable from tritium spectra. The activation analysis was successful, and the incident neutron spectrum was reconstructed using materials found in lithium batteries.

Spectral negentropy based sidebands and demodulation analysis for planet bearing fault diagnosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Zhipeng; Ma, Haoqun; Zuo, Ming J.

2017-12-01

Planet bearing vibration signals are highly complex due to intricate kinematics (involving both revolution and spinning) and strong multiple modulations (including not only the fault induced amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, but also additional amplitude modulations due to load zone passing, time-varying vibration transfer path, and time-varying angle between the gear pair mesh lines of action and fault impact force vector), leading to difficulty in fault feature extraction. Rolling element bearing fault diagnosis essentially relies on detection of fault induced repetitive impulses carried by resonance vibration, but they are usually contaminated by noise and therefor are hard to be detected. This further adds complexity to planet bearing diagnostics. Spectral negentropy is able to reveal the frequency distribution of repetitive transients, thus providing an approach to identify the optimal frequency band of a filter for separating repetitive impulses. In this paper, we find the informative frequency band (including the center frequency and bandwidth) of bearing fault induced repetitive impulses using the spectral negentropy based infogram. In Fourier spectrum, we identify planet bearing faults according to sideband characteristics around the center frequency. For demodulation analysis, we filter out the sensitive component based on the informative frequency band revealed by the infogram. In amplitude demodulated spectrum (squared envelope spectrum) of the sensitive component, we diagnose planet bearing faults by matching the present peaks with the theoretical fault characteristic frequencies. We further decompose the sensitive component into mono-component intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) to estimate their instantaneous frequencies, and select a sensitive IMF with an instantaneous frequency fluctuating around the center frequency for frequency demodulation analysis. In the frequency demodulated spectrum (Fourier spectrum of instantaneous frequency) of selected IMF, we discern planet bearing fault reasons according to the present peaks. The proposed spectral negentropy infogram based spectrum and demodulation analysis method is illustrated via a numerical simulated signal analysis. Considering the unique load bearing feature of planet bearings, experimental validations under both no-load and loading conditions are done to verify the derived fault symptoms and the proposed method. The localized faults on outer race, rolling element and inner race are successfully diagnosed.

Colored spectrum characteristics of thermal noise on the molecular scale.

PubMed

Zhu, Zhi; Sheng, Nan; Fang, Haiping; Wan, Rongzheng

2016-11-02

Thermal noise is of fundamental importance to many processes. Traditionally, thermal noise has been treated as white noise on the macroscopic scale. Using molecular dynamics simulations and power spectrum analysis, we show that the thermal noise of solute molecules in water is non-white on the molecular scale, which is in contrast to the conventional theory. In the frequency domain from 2 × 10 11 Hz to 10 13 Hz, the power spectrum of thermal noise for polar solute molecules resembles the spectrum of 1/f noise. The power spectrum of thermal noise for non-polar solute molecules deviates only slightly from the spectrum of white noise. The key to this phenomenon is the existence of hydrogen bonds between polar solute molecules and solvent water molecules. Furthermore, for polar solute molecules, the degree of power spectrum deviation from that of white noise is associated with the average lifetime of the hydrogen bonds between the solute and the solvent molecules.

Eta Carinae across the 2003.5 Minimum: Analysis in the Visible and Near Infrared Spectral Region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nielsen, K. E.; Kober, G. Vieira; Weis, K.; Gull, T.; Stahl, O.; Bomans, D. J.

2008-01-01

We present analysis of the visible through near infrared spectrum of eta Car and its ejecta obtained during the 'eta Car Campaign with the Ultraviolet Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) at the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT)'. This is a part of larger effort to present a complete eta Car spectrum, and extends the previously presented analyses with the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) in the UV (1240-3159 A) to 10,430 A. The spectrum in the mid and near UV is characterized by the ejecta absorption. At longer wavelengths, stellar wind features from the central source and narrow emission lines from the Weigelt condensations dominate the spectrum. However, narrow absorption lines from the circumstellar shells are present. This paper provides a description of the spectrum between 3060 and 10,430 A, including line identifications of the ejecta absorption spectrum, the emission spectrum from the Weigelt condensations and the P-Cygni stellar wind features. The high spectral resolving power of VLT/UVES enables equivalent width measurements of atomic and molecular absorption lines for elements with no transitions at the shorter wavelengths. However, the ground based seeing and contributions of nebular scattered radiation prevent direct comparison of measured equivalent widths in the VLT/UVES and HST/STIS spectra. Fortunately, HST/STIS and VLT/UVES have a small overlap in wavelength coverage which allows us to compare and adjust for the difference in scattered radiation entering the instruments apertures. This paper provide a complete online VLT/UVES spectrum with line identifications and a spectral comparison between HST/STIS and VLT/UVES between 3060 and 3160 A.

Eta Carinae across the 2003.5 Minimum: Analysis in the Visible and Near Infrared Spectral Region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nielsen, K. E.; Kober, G. Vieira; Weis, K.; Gull, T. R.; Stahl, O.; Bomans, D. J.

2009-01-01

We present an analysis of the visible through near infrared spectrum of Eta Car and its ejecta obtained during the "Eta Car Campaign with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) at the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT)". This is a part of the larger effort to present a complete Eta Car spectrum, and extends the previously presented analyses with the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) in the UV (1240-3159 Angstrom) to 10,430 Angstrom. The spectrum in the mid and near UV is characterized by the ejecta absorption. At longer wavelengths, stellar wind features from the central source and narrow emission lines from the Weigelt condensations dominate the spectrum. However, narrow absorption lines from the circumstellar shells are present. This paper provides a description of the spectrum between 3060 and 10,430 Angstroms, including line identifications of the ejecta absorption spectrum, the emission spectrum from the Weigelt condensations and the P-Cygni stellar wind features. The high spectral resolving power of VLT/UVES enables equivalent width measurements of atomic and molecular absorption lines for elements with no transitions at the shorter wavelengths. However, the ground based seeing and contributions of nebular scattered radiation prevent direct comparison of measured equivalent widths in the VLT/UVES and HST/STIS spectra. Fortunately, HST/STIS and VLT/UVES have a small overlap in wavelength coverage which allows us to compare and adjust for the difference in scattered radiation entering the instruments' apertures. This paper provides a complete online VLT/UVES spectrum with line identifications and a spectral comparison between HST/STIS and VLT/UVES between 3060 and 3160 Angstroms.

Discrete Ramanujan transform for distinguishing the protein coding regions from other regions.

PubMed

Hua, Wei; Wang, Jiasong; Zhao, Jian

2014-01-01

Based on the study of Ramanujan sum and Ramanujan coefficient, this paper suggests the concepts of discrete Ramanujan transform and spectrum. Using Voss numerical representation, one maps a symbolic DNA strand as a numerical DNA sequence, and deduces the discrete Ramanujan spectrum of the numerical DNA sequence. It is well known that of discrete Fourier power spectrum of protein coding sequence has an important feature of 3-base periodicity, which is widely used for DNA sequence analysis by the technique of discrete Fourier transform. It is performed by testing the signal-to-noise ratio at frequency N/3 as a criterion for the analysis, where N is the length of the sequence. The results presented in this paper show that the property of 3-base periodicity can be only identified as a prominent spike of the discrete Ramanujan spectrum at period 3 for the protein coding regions. The signal-to-noise ratio for discrete Ramanujan spectrum is defined for numerical measurement. Therefore, the discrete Ramanujan spectrum and the signal-to-noise ratio of a DNA sequence can be used for distinguishing the protein coding regions from the noncoding regions. All the exon and intron sequences in whole chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Caenorhabditis elegans have been tested and the histograms and tables from the computational results illustrate the reliability of our method. In addition, we have analyzed theoretically and gotten the conclusion that the algorithm for calculating discrete Ramanujan spectrum owns the lower computational complexity and higher computational accuracy. The computational experiments show that the technique by using discrete Ramanujan spectrum for classifying different DNA sequences is a fast and effective method. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Wavelength selection for portable noninvasive blood component measurement system based on spectral difference coefficient and dynamic spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Ximeng; Li, Gang; Yu, Haixia; Wang, Shaohui; Yi, Xiaoqing; Lin, Ling

2018-03-01

Noninvasive blood component analysis by spectroscopy has been a hotspot in biomedical engineering in recent years. Dynamic spectrum provides an excellent idea for noninvasive blood component measurement, but studies have been limited to the application of broadband light sources and high-resolution spectroscopy instruments. In order to remove redundant information, a more effective wavelength selection method has been presented in this paper. In contrast to many common wavelength selection methods, this method is based on sensing mechanism which has a clear mechanism and can effectively avoid the noise from acquisition system. The spectral difference coefficient was theoretically proved to have a guiding significance for wavelength selection. After theoretical analysis, the multi-band spectral difference coefficient-wavelength selection method combining with the dynamic spectrum was proposed. An experimental analysis based on clinical trial data from 200 volunteers has been conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of this method. The extreme learning machine was used to develop the calibration models between the dynamic spectrum data and hemoglobin concentration. The experiment result shows that the prediction precision of hemoglobin concentration using multi-band spectral difference coefficient-wavelength selection method is higher compared with other methods.

[Establishment of the Mathematical Model for PMI Estimation Using FTIR Spectroscopy and Data Mining Method].

PubMed

Wang, L; Qin, X C; Lin, H C; Deng, K F; Luo, Y W; Sun, Q R; Du, Q X; Wang, Z Y; Tuo, Y; Sun, J H

2018-02-01

To analyse the relationship between Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrum of rat's spleen tissue and postmortem interval （PMI） for PMI estimation using FTIR spectroscopy combined with data mining method. Rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the cadavers were placed at 20 ℃. The FTIR spectrum data of rats' spleen tissues were taken and measured at different time points. After pretreatment, the data was analysed by data mining method. The absorption peak intensity of rat's spleen tissue spectrum changed with the PMI, while the absorption peak position was unchanged. The results of principal component analysis （PCA） showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 96%. There was an obvious clustering tendency for the spectrum sample at each time point. The methods of partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） and support vector machine classification （SVMC） effectively divided the spectrum samples with different PMI into four categories （0-24 h, 48-72 h, 96-120 h and 144-168 h）. The determination coefficient （ R ²） of the PMI estimation model established by PLS regression analysis was 0.96, and the root mean square error of calibration （RMSEC） and root mean square error of cross validation （RMSECV） were 9.90 h and 11.39 h respectively. In prediction set, the R ² was 0.97, and the root mean square error of prediction （RMSEP） was 10.49 h. The FTIR spectrum of the rat's spleen tissue can be effectively analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the combination of FTIR spectroscopy and data mining method, and the classification and PLS regression models can be established for PMI estimation. Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.

Features in the primordial spectrum from WMAP: A wavelet analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shafieloo, Arman; Souradeep, Tarun; Manimaran, P.

2007-06-15

Precise measurements of the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background enable us to do an accurate study on the form of the primordial power spectrum for a given set of cosmological parameters. In a previous paper [A. Shafieloo and T. Souradeep, Phys. Rev. D 70, 043523 (2004).], we implemented an improved (error sensitive) Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm on the measured angular power spectrum from the first year of WMAP data to determine the primordial power spectrum assuming a concordance cosmological model. This recovered spectrum has a likelihood far better than a scale invariant, or, 'best fit' scale free spectra ({delta}lnL{approx_equal}25 withmore » respect to the Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum, and, {delta}lnL{approx_equal}11 with respect to the power law spectrum with n{sub s}=0.95). In this paper we use the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose the local features of the recovered spectrum individually to study their effect and significance on the recovered angular power spectrum and hence the likelihood. We show that besides the infrared cutoff at the horizon scale, the associated features of the primordial power spectrum around the horizon have a significant effect on improving the likelihood. The strong features are localized at the horizon scale.« less

[Research on NIR equivalent spectral measurement].

PubMed

Wang, Zhi-Hong; Liu, Jie; Sun, Yu-Yang; Teng, Fei; Lin, Jun

2013-04-01

When the spectra of the diffuse reflectance of low reflectivity samples or the transmittance of low transmisivity samples are measured by a portable near infrared (NIR) spectrometer, because there is the noise of the spectrometer, the smaller the reflectance or transmittance of the sample, the lower its SNR. Even if treated by denoise methods, the spectra can not meet the requirement of NIR analysis. So the equivalent spectrum measure method was researched. Based on the intensity of the reflected or transmitted signal by the sample under the traditional measure conditions, the light current of the spectrometer was enlarged, and then the signal of the measured sample increased; the reflected or transmitted light of the measure reference was reduced to avoid the signal of the measure reference over range. Moreover the equivalent spectrum of the sample was calculated in order to make it identical with the spectrum measured by traditional method. Thus the NIR spectral SNR was improved. The results of theory analysis and experiments show that if the light signal of the spectrometer was properly increased according to the reflected or transmitted signal of the low reflectivity or transmisivity sample, the equivalent spectrum was the same as the spectrum measured by traditional method and its SNR was improved.

All-Particle Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum Measured with 26 Icetop Stations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Altmann, D.; Andeen, K.; Auffenberg, J.;

Possible signatures of dissipation from time-series analysis techniques using a turbulent laboratory magnetohydrodynamic plasma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schaffner, D. A.; Brown, M. R.; Rock, A. B.

The frequency spectrum of magnetic fluctuations as measured on the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment is broadband and exhibits a nearly Kolmogorov 5/3 scaling. It features a steepening region which is indicative of dissipation of magnetic fluctuation energy similar to that observed in fluid and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence systems. Two non-spectrum based time-series analysis techniques are implemented on this data set in order to seek other possible signatures of turbulent dissipation beyond just the steepening of fluctuation spectra. Presented here are results for the flatness, permutation entropy, and statistical complexity, each of which exhibits a particular character at spectral steepening scales which canmore » then be compared to the behavior of the frequency spectrum.« less

Full-Spectrum-Analysis Isotope ID

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mitchell, Dean J.; Harding, Lee; Thoreson, Gregory G.

2017-06-28

FSAIsotopeID analyzes gamma ray spectra to identify radioactive isotopes (radionuclides). The algorithm fits the entire spectrum with combinations of pre-computed templates for a comprehensive set of radionuclides with varying thicknesses and compositions of shielding materials. The isotope identification algorithm is suitable for the analysis of spectra collected by gamma-ray sensors ranging from medium-resolution detectors, such a NaI, to high-resolution detectors, such as HPGe. In addition to analyzing static measurements, the isotope identification algorithm is applied for the radiation search applications. The search subroutine maintains a running background spectrum that is passed to the isotope identification algorithm, and it also selectsmore » temporal integration periods that optimize the responsiveness and sensitivity. Gain stabilization is supported for both types of applications.« less

"My Greatest Joy and My Greatest Heart Ache:" Parents' Own Words on How Having a Child in the Autism Spectrum Has Affected Their Lives and Their Families' Lives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myers, Barbara J.; Mackintosh, Virginia H.; Goin-Kochel, Robin P.

2009-01-01

Parents of children in the autism spectrum wrote an open-ended answer via an online questionnaire to the question, "How has your child in the autism spectrum affected your life and your family's life?" (N = 493). Using a qualitative content analysis, 15 negative themes and 9 positive themes were identified. Themes are subsumed into five clusters:…

Tracing the temporal stability of autism spectrum diagnosis and severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Bieleninik, Łucja; Posserud, Maj-Britt; Geretsegger, Monika; Thompson, Grace; Elefant, Cochavit; Gold, Christian

2017-01-01

Exploring ways to improve the trajectory and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder is prevalent in research, but less is known about the natural prognosis of autism spectrum disorder and course of symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the temporal stability of autism spectrum disorder and autism diagnosis, and the longitudinal trajectories of autism core symptom severity. We furthermore sought to identify possible predictors for change. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library up to October 2015 for prospective cohort studies addressing the autism spectrum disorder/autism diagnostic stability, and prospective studies of intervention effects. We included people of all ages with autism spectrum disorder/autism or at risk of having autism spectrum disorder, who were diagnosed and followed up for at least 12 months using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Both continuous ADOS scores and dichotomous diagnostic categories were pooled in random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Of 1443 abstracts screened, 44 were eligible of which 40 studies contained appropriate data for meta-analysis. A total of 5771 participants from 7 months of age to 16.5 years were included. Our analyses showed no change in ADOS scores across time as measured by Calibrated Severity Scores (mean difference [MD] = 0.05, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.36). We observed a minor but statistically significant change in ADOS total raw scores (MD = -1.51, 95% CI -2.70 to -0.32). There was no improvement in restricted and repetitive behaviours (standardised MD [SMD] = -0.04, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.11), but a minor improvement in social affect over time (SMD = -0.31, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.12). No changes were observed for meeting the autism spectrum disorder criteria over time (risk difference [RD] = -0.01, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.01), but a significant change for meeting autism criteria over time (RD = -0.18, 95% CI -0.29 to -0.07). On average, there was a high heterogeneity between studies (I2 range: 65.3% to 93.1%). While 18% of participants shifted from autism to autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, the overall autism spectrum disorder prevalence was unchanged. Overall autism core symptoms were remarkably stable over time across childhood indicating that intervention studies should focus on other areas, such as quality of life and adaptive functioning. However, due to high heterogeneity between studies and a number of limitations in the studies, the results need to be interpreted with caution.

The full spectrum of ethical issues in the care of patients with ALS: a systematic qualitative review.

PubMed

Seitzer, F; Kahrass, H; Neitzke, G; Strech, D

2016-02-01

Dealing systematically with ethical issues in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) care requires an unbiased awareness of all the relevant ethical issues. The aim of the study was to determine systematically and transparently the full spectrum of ethical issues in ALS care. We conducted a systematic review in Medline and Google Books (restricted to English and German literature published between 1993 and 2014). We applied qualitative text analysis and normative analysis to categorise the spectrum of ethical issues in ALS care. The literature review retrieved 56 references that together mentioned a spectrum of 103 ethical issues in ALS care. The spectrum was structured into six major categories that consist of first and second-order categories of ethical issues. The systematically derived spectrum of ethical issues in ALS care presented in this paper raises awareness and understanding of the complexity of ethical issues in ALS care. It also offers a basis for the systematic development of informational and training materials for health professionals, patients and their relatives, and society as a whole. Finally, it supports a rational and fair selection of all those ethical issues that should be addressed in health policies, position papers and clinical practice guidelines. Further research is needed to identify ways to systematically select the most relevant ethical issues not only in the clinical environment, but also for the development of clinical practice guidelines.

The full spectrum of ethical issues in dementia care: systematic qualitative review.

PubMed

Strech, Daniel; Mertz, Marcel; Knüppel, Hannes; Neitzke, Gerald; Schmidhuber, Martina

2013-06-01

Integrating ethical issues in dementia-specific training material, clinical guidelines and national strategy plans requires an unbiased awareness of all the relevant ethical issues. To determine systematically and transparently the full spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care. We conducted a systematic review in Medline (restricted to English and German literature published between 2000 and 2011) and Google books (with no restrictions). We applied qualitative text analysis and normative analysis to categorise the spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care. The literature review retrieved 92 references that together mentioned a spectrum of 56 ethical issues in clinical dementia care. The spectrum was structured into seven major categories that consist of first- and second-order categories for ethical issues. The systematically derived spectrum of ethical issues in clinical dementia care presented in this paper can be used as training material for healthcare professionals, students and the public for raising awareness and understanding of the complexity of ethical issues in dementia care. It can also be used to identify ethical issues that should be addressed in dementia-specific training programmes, national strategy plans and clinical practice guidelines. Further research should evaluate whether this new genre of systematic reviews can be applied to the identification of ethical issues in other cognitive and somatic diseases. Also, the practical challenges in addressing ethical issues in training material, guidelines and policies need to be evaluated.

Investigation of phosphoserine and cytidine 5'-phosphate by heteronuclear two-dimensional spectroscopy: samples with strong proton coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolton, Philip H.

Heteronuclear two-dimensional magnetic resonance is a novel method for investigating the conformations of cellular phosphates. The two-dimensional proton spectra are detected indirectly via the phosphorus-31 nucleus and thus allow determination of proton chemical shifts and coupling constants in situations in which the normal proton spectrum is obscured. Previous investigations of cellular phosphates with relatively simple spin systems have shown that the two-dimensional proton spectrum can be readily related to the normal proton spectrum by subspectral analysis. The normal proton spectrum can be decomposed into two subspectra, one for each polarization of the phosphorus-31 nucleus. The two-dimensional spectrum arises from the difference between the subspectra, and the normal proton spectrum is the sum. This allows simulation of the two-dimensional spectra and hence determination of the proton chemical shifts and coupling constants. Many cellular phosphates of interest, such as 5'-nucleotides and phosphoserine, contain three protons coupled to the phosphorus which are strongly coupled to one another. These samples are amenable to the two-dimensional method and the straightforward subspectral analysis is preserved when a 90° pulse is applied to the protons in the magnetization transfer step. The two-dimensional proton spectra of the samples investigated here have higher resolution than the normal proton spectra, revealing spectral features not readily apparent in the normal proton spectra.

Procedures and compliance of a video modeling applied behavior analysis intervention for Brazilian parents of children with autism spectrum disorders.

PubMed

Bagaiolo, Leila F; Mari, Jair de J; Bordini, Daniela; Ribeiro, Tatiane C; Martone, Maria Carolina C; Caetano, Sheila C; Brunoni, Decio; Brentani, Helena; Paula, Cristiane S

2017-07-01

Video modeling using applied behavior analysis techniques is one of the most promising and cost-effective ways to improve social skills for parents with autism spectrum disorder children. The main objectives were: (1) To elaborate/describe videos to improve eye contact and joint attention, and to decrease disruptive behaviors of autism spectrum disorder children, (2) to describe a low-cost parental training intervention, and (3) to assess participant's compliance. This is a descriptive study of a clinical trial for autism spectrum disorder children. The parental training intervention was delivered over 22 weeks based on video modeling. Parents with at least 8 years of schooling with an autism spectrum disorder child between 3 and 6 years old with an IQ lower than 70 were invited to participate. A total of 67 parents fulfilled the study criteria and were randomized into two groups: 34 as the intervention and 33 as controls. In all, 14 videos were recorded covering management of disruptive behaviors, prompting hierarchy, preference assessment, and acquisition of better eye contact and joint attention. Compliance varied as follows: good 32.4%, reasonable 38.2%, low 5.9%, and 23.5% with no compliance. Video modeling parental training seems a promising, feasible, and low-cost way to deliver care for children with autism spectrum disorder, particularly for populations with scarce treatment resources.

Next Generation Spectrometers for Rapid Analysis of Complex Mixtures

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-29

digitizer by collecting 1 and 100 million averages of a molecular sample ( nitromethane ) and verifying the expected factor of 10 improvement in signal-to...spectra of nitromethane . The positive-going spectrum represents 100 million averages while the negative-going spectrum represents 1 million averages

A computational engine for bringing environmental consequence analysis into aviation decision-making

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-04-21

This presentation looks at the methods for ambient masking of non-natural sounds. The masking of sounds is most effective when the masker spectrum overlaps the signal spectrum; more likely to occur if the masker is broadband in nature. Land vehicles ...

Cosmic ray electrons, positrons and the synchrotron emission of the Galaxy: consistent analysis and implications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bernardo, Giuseppe Di; Evoli, Carmelo; Gaggero, Daniele

2013-03-01

A multichannel analysis of cosmic ray electron and positron spectra and of the diffuse synchrotron emission of the Galaxy is performed by using the DRAGON code. This study is aimed at probing the interstellar electron source spectrum down to E ∼< 1GeV and at constraining several propagation parameters. We find that above 4GeV the e{sup −} source spectrum is compatible with a power-law of index ∼ 2.5. Below 4GeV instead it must be significantly suppressed and the total lepton spectrum is dominated by secondary particles. The positron spectrum and fraction measured below a few GeV are consistently reproduced only withinmore » low reacceleration models. We also constrain the scale-height z{sub t} of the cosmic-ray distribution using three independent (and, in two cases, original) arguments, showing that values of z{sub t} ∼< 2kpc are excluded. This result may have strong implications for particle dark matter searches.« less

[Analysis of salivary protease spectrum in chronic periodontitis].

PubMed

Qian, Li; Xuedong, Zhou; Yaping, Fan; Tengyu, Yang; Songtao, Wu; Yu, Yu; Jiao, Chen; Ping, Zhang; Yun, Feng

2017-02-01

This study aimed to investigate the difference in salivary protease expression in patients with chronic periodontitis and normal individuals. The stimulating saliva in patients with chronic periodontitis and normal individuals were collected. Protein chip technology was adapted to analyze salivary protease spectrum. Among the 34 proteases in the chip, disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-12, neprilysin/CD10, and uridylyl phosphate adenosine/urokinase showed a significantly increased concentration in the saliva of chronic periodontitis patients compared with those in the saliva of normal individuals (P<0.01). By contrast, the concentrations of ADAM9, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)1, ADAMTS13, cathepsin B, E, L, V, X/Z/P, kallikrein 6, 7, 11, 13, MMP-9, proteinase 3, presenilin-1, and proprotein convertase 9 sharply decreased (P<0.05). The results demonstrated that protease spectrum in the saliva of chronic periodontitis patients and normal individuals significantly differed. Analysis of salivary protease spectrum is a potential clinical method to examine, diagnose, and monitor chronic periodontitis.

KASCADE-Grande observation of features in the cosmic ray spectrum between knee and ankle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haungs, A.; Apel, W. D.; Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.; Bekk, K.; Bertaina, M.; Blümer, J.; Bozdog, H.; Brancus, I. M.; Cantoni, E.; Chiavassa, A.; Cossavella, F.; Daumiller, K.; de Souza, V.; Di Pierro, F.; Doll, P.; Engel, R.; Engler, J.; Finger, M.; Fuchs, B.; Fuhrmann, D.; Gils, H. J.; Glasstetter, R.; Grupen, C.; Heck, D.; Hörandel, J. R.; Huber, D.; Huege, T.; Kampert, K.-H.; Kang, D.; Klages, H. O.; Link, K.; Łuczak, P.; Ludwig, M.; Mathes, H. J.; Mayer, H. J.; Melissas, M.; Milke, J.; Morello, C.; Oehlschläger, J.; Ostapchenko, S.; Palmieri, N.; Petcu, M.; Pierog, T.; Rebel, H.; Roth, M.; Schieler, H.; Schoo, S.; Schroder, F.; Sima, O.; Toma, G.; Trinchero, G. C.; Ulrich, H.; Weindl, A.; Wochele, J.; Wommer, M.; Zabierowski, J.

2013-02-01

The detection of high-energy cosmic rays above a few hundred TeV is realized by the observation of extensive air-showers. By using the multi-detector setup of KASCADE-Grande, and here in particular the detectors of the large Grande array, the energy spectrum and the elemental composition of high-energy cosmic rays in the energy range from 10 PeV to 1 EeV are investigated. The estimation of energy and mass of the high-energy primary particles is based on the combined analysis of the total number of charged particles and the total number of muons measured by the detector arrays of Grande and KASCADE, respectively. The latest analysis results have shown that in the all-particle spectrum two features are present: a hardening of the spectrum at energies around 20 PeV and a steepening, i.e. a knee-like structure, at 80-90 PeV. The latter one was found to be due to a decrease of flux of the heavy mass component.

Adolescent boys with an autism spectrum disorder and their experience of sexuality: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.

PubMed

Dewinter, Jeroen; Van Parys, Hanna; Vermeiren, Robert; van Nieuwenhuizen, Chijs

2017-01-01

This qualitative study explored how adolescent boys with autism spectrum disorder experience their sexuality. Previous research has demonstrated that sexuality is a developmental task for boys with autism spectrum disorder, as it is for their peers. Case studies have suggested a relation between autism spectrum disorder and atypical sexual development; empirical studies on this subject, however, are scant and inconsistent. This study is based on interviews with eight boys, aged 16-20 years, with Asperger's disorder or autistic disorder. Interpretative phenomenological analysis of the data revealed three major themes relating to (a) how they experience sexual feelings, think about sexuality and think about themselves as sexual beings; (b) how they perceive messages relating to sexuality in their surroundings; and (c) how they experience finding and having a partner and partnered sex. We believe that attention to these themes is needed in assessment, education and further research. © The Author(s) 2016.

Nature of the atmospheric dynamics on Venus from power spectrum analysis of Mariner 10 images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Travis, L. D.

1978-01-01

Power spectrum analysis of Mariner 10 images for planetary zonal wavenumbers no less than 3 and for latitudes in the range 55 deg S to 25 deg N yields spectra which show a systematic and apparently significant variation with latitude. Accordingly, average spectra are determined for three latitude zones: an equatorial region, a midlatitude region, and an intermediate zone. A comparison of the results for Venus with brightness distribution spectra for terrestrial clouds reveals similarities between the Venus midlatitude region spectrum and that for the equatorial region of the earth. The only indication of a departure from a general power law behavior for the Venus spectra is a flattening of the equatorial spectrum in the region of wavenumbers 3 and 4. The characteristics of the Venus image spectra appear to be compatible with the interpretation that the observable clouds lie in a region of high static stability with the inertial eddy motions corresponding to two-dimensional turbulence.

Overlap Spectrum Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Based on Light Power Demodulation

PubMed Central

Zhang, Hao; Jiang, Junzhen; Liu, Shuang; Chen, Huaixi; Zheng, Xiaoqian; Qiu, Yishen

2018-01-01

Demodulation is a bottleneck for applications involving fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). An overlap spectrum FBG sensor based on a light power demodulation method is presented in this paper. The demodulation method uses two chirp FBGs (cFBGs) of which the reflection spectra partially overlap each other. The light power variation of the overlap spectrum can be linked to changes in the measurand, and the sensor function can be realized via this relationship. A temperature experiment showed that the relationship between the overlap power spectrum of the FBG sensor and temperature had good linearity and agreed with the theoretical analysis. PMID:29772793

Magnetoplasmon spectrum for realistic off-plane structure of dissipative 2D system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheremisin, M. V.

2017-12-01

The rigorous analysis of the textbook result (Chiu and Quinn, 1974) gives unexpectedly the dramatic change of the magnetoplasmon spectrum taking into account both the arbitrary dissipation and asymmetric off-plane structure of 2D system. For given wave vector the dissipation enhancement leads to decrease(increase) of magnetoplasmon frequency at low(high) magnetic field. At certain range of disorder the purely relaxational mode appears in magnetoplasmon spectrum. In strong magnetic fields the magnetoplasmon frequency falls to cyclotron resonance line even in presence of finite dissipation. The observation of nonlinearity and, moreover, the mysterious zig-zag behavior 2D magnetoplasmon spectrum is consistent with our findings.

Manifestations of Dynamical Localization in the Disordered XXZ Spin Chain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elgart, Alexander; Klein, Abel; Stolz, Günter

2018-04-01

We study disordered XXZ spin chains in the Ising phase exhibiting droplet localization, a single cluster localization property we previously proved for random XXZ spin chains. It holds in an energy interval I near the bottom of the spectrum, known as the droplet spectrum. We establish dynamical manifestations of localization in the energy window I, including non-spreading of information, zero-velocity Lieb-Robinson bounds, and general dynamical clustering. Our results do not rely on knowledge of the dynamical characteristics of the model outside the droplet spectrum. A byproduct of our analysis is that for random XXZ spin chains this droplet localization can happen only inside the droplet spectrum.

Assessment of precast beam-column using capacity demand response spectrum subject to design basis earthquake and maximum considered earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghani, Kay Dora Abd.; Tukiar, Mohd Azuan; Hamid, Nor Hayati Abdul

2017-08-01

Malaysia is surrounded by the tectonic feature of the Sumatera area which consists of two seismically active inter-plate boundaries, namely the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian Plates on the west and the Philippine Plates on the east. Hence, Malaysia experiences tremors from far distant earthquake occurring in Banda Aceh, Nias Island, Padang and other parts of Sumatera Indonesia. In order to predict the safety of precast buildings in Malaysia under near field ground motion the response spectrum analysis could be used for dealing with future earthquake whose specific nature is unknown. This paper aimed to develop of capacity demand response spectrum subject to Design Basis Earthquake (DBE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) in order to assess the performance of precast beam column joint. From the capacity-demand response spectrum analysis, it can be concluded that the precast beam-column joints would not survive when subjected to earthquake excitation with surface-wave magnitude, Mw, of more than 5.5 Scale Richter (Type 1 spectra). This means that the beam-column joint which was designed using the current code of practice (BS8110) would be severely damaged when subjected to high earthquake excitation. The capacity-demand response spectrum analysis also shows that the precast beam-column joints in the prototype studied would be severely damaged when subjected to Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) with PGA=0.22g having a surface-wave magnitude of more than 5.5 Scale Richter, or Type 1 spectra.

Psychosocial interventions for internalised stigma in people with a schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis: A systematic narrative synthesis and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Wood, Lisa; Byrne, Rory; Varese, Filippo; Morrison, Anthony P

2016-10-01

It is acknowledged that people with a schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis experience higher levels of stigma compared to any other mental health diagnosis. As a consequence, their experience of internalised stigma is likely to be the most detrimental and pervasive. Internalised stigma interventions have shown some benefits in those who experience serious mental illness including those with a schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis. A systematic narrative review and meta-analysis were conducted examining the efficacy of internalised stigma interventions for people with a schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis. Randomised Controlled Trials, controlled trials, and cohort studies were included and assessed against quality criteria. The search identified 12 studies; 7 randomised controlled trials, 3 cohort studies and 2 controlled trials. A variety of psychosocial interventions were utilised with the majority employing Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), psychoeducation and social skills training. The core outcomes used to examine the efficacy of the intervention were internalised stigma, self-esteem, empowerment, and functioning. The meta-analysis revealed an improvement in internalised stigma favouring the internalised stigma intervention but was not significant (5 RCTs, n=200). Self-efficacy and insight were significantly improved favouring the internalised stigma intervention. Internalised stigma interventions show promise in those with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses. Existing interventions have demonstrated small effects and employed small samples. Large scale RCTs are required to further develop the evidence base of more targeted interventions. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crouzet, N.; McCullough, P. R.; Long, D.

Spectroscopy during planetary transits is a powerful tool to probe exoplanet atmospheres. We present the near-infrared transit spectroscopy of XO-2b obtained with Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS. Uniquely for NICMOS transit spectroscopy, a companion star of similar properties to XO-2 is present in the field of view. We derive improved star and planet parameters through a photometric white-light analysis. We show a clear correlation of the spectrum noise with instrumental parameters, in particular the angle of the spectral trace on the detector. An MCMC method using a decorrelation from instrumental parameters is used to extract the planetary spectrum. Spectra derived independentlymore » from each of the three visits have an rms of 430, 510, and 1000 ppm, respectively. The same analysis is performed on the companion star after numerical injection of a transit with a depth constant at all wavelengths. The extracted spectra exhibit residuals of similar amplitude as for XO-2, which represent the level of remaining NICMOS systematics. This shows that extracting planetary spectra is at the limit of NICMOS's capability. We derive a spectrum for the planet XO-2b using the companion star as a reference. The derived spectrum can be represented by a theoretical model including atmospheric water vapor or by a flat spectrum model. We derive a 3{sigma} upper limit of 1570 ppm on the presence of water vapor absorption in the atmosphere of XO-2b. In the Appendix, we perform a similar analysis for the gas giant planet XO-1b.« less

Cognitive Radio Low-Energy Signal Analysis Sensor Integrated Circuits (CLASIC): A Broadband Mixed-Signal Iterative Down Conversion Spectrum Analyzer for Signal Recognition Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

AFRL-RY-WP-TR-2015-0144 COGNITIVE RADIO LOW-ENERGY SIGNAL ANALYSIS SENSOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (CLASIC) A Broadband Mixed-Signal Iterative Down...See additional restrictions described on inside pages STINFO COPY AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY SENSORS DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE...Signature// TODD KASTLE, Chief Spectrum Warfare Division Sensors Directorate This report is published in the interest of scientific and technical

Chain of Dirac spectrum loops of nodes in crossed magnetic and electric fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gavrilenko, V. I.; Perov, A. A.; Protogenov, A. P.; Turkevich, R. V.; Chulkov, E. V.

2018-03-01

New semimetal systems along with Dirac and Weyl semimetals contain compounds, in which the energy of electron excitations vanishes not at nodes but on lines. A higher dimension of the degeneracy space changes many physical properties. We consider a chain of loops consisting of Dirac spectrum nodes in nonsymmorphic crystalline compounds placed in external mutually perpendicular magnetic and electric fields. An exact solution for the spectrum is obtained under the assumption of particle-hole symmetry. An analysis of this spectrum shows the existence of a line of critical values of the magnetic and electric fields, at which a quantum phase transition to a gapless state occurs. The use of the obtained spectrum allows also predicting a number of new oscillation and resonance effects in the field of magneto-optical phenomena.

Conducting research with minimally verbal participants with autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Tager-Flusberg, Helen; Plesa Skwerer, Daniela; Joseph, Robert M; Brukilacchio, Brianna; Decker, Jessica; Eggleston, Brady; Meyer, Steven; Yoder, Anne

2017-10-01

A growing number of research groups are now including older minimally verbal individuals with autism spectrum disorder in their studies to encompass the full range of heterogeneity in the population. There are numerous barriers that prevent researchers from collecting high-quality data from these individuals, in part because of the challenging behaviors with which they present alongside their very limited means for communication. In this article, we summarize the practices that we have developed, based on applied behavioral analysis techniques, and have used in our ongoing research on behavioral, eye-tracking, and electrophysiological studies of minimally verbal children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Our goal is to provide the field with useful guidelines that will promote the inclusion of the entire spectrum of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in future research investigations.

Study on pattern recognition of Raman spectrum based on fuzzy neural network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Xiangxiang; Lv, Xiaoyi; Mo, Jiaqing

2017-10-01

Hydatid disease is a serious parasitic disease in many regions worldwide, especially in Xinjiang, China. Raman spectrum of the serum of patients with echinococcosis was selected as the research object in this paper. The Raman spectrum of blood samples from healthy people and patients with echinococcosis are measured, of which the spectrum characteristics are analyzed. The fuzzy neural network not only has the ability of fuzzy logic to deal with uncertain information, but also has the ability to store knowledge of neural network, so it is combined with the Raman spectrum on the disease diagnosis problem based on Raman spectrum. Firstly, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to extract the principal components of the Raman spectrum, reducing the network input and accelerating the prediction speed and accuracy of Network based on remaining the original data. Then, the information of the extracted principal component is used as the input of the neural network, the hidden layer of the network is the generation of rules and the inference process, and the output layer of the network is fuzzy classification output. Finally, a part of samples are randomly selected for the use of training network, then the trained network is used for predicting the rest of the samples, and the predicted results are compared with general BP neural network to illustrate the feasibility and advantages of fuzzy neural network. Success in this endeavor would be helpful for the research work of spectroscopic diagnosis of disease and it can be applied in practice in many other spectral analysis technique fields.

Bone Mass in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calarge, Chadi A.; Schlechte, Janet A.

2017-01-01

To examine bone mass in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Risperidone-treated 5 to 17 year-old males underwent anthropometric and bone measurements, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Multivariable linear regression analysis models examined whether skeletal outcomes…

Usage of "Powergraph" software at laboratory lessons of "general physics" department of MEPhI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klyachin, N. A.; Matronchik, A. Yu.; Khangulyan, E. V.

2017-01-01

One considers usage of "PowerGraph" software in laboratory exercise "Study of sodium spectrum" of physical experiment lessons. Togethe with the design of experiment setup, one discusses the sodium spectra digitized with computer audio chip. Usage of "PowerGraph" software in laboratory experiment "Study of sodium spectrum" allows an efficient visualization of the sodium spectrum and analysis of its fine structure. In particular, it allows quantitative measurements of the wavelengths and line relative intensities.

Gender identity and sexual orientation in autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

George, Rita; Stokes, Mark A

2017-09-01

Clinical impressions indicate that there is an overrepresentation of gender-dysphoria within the autism spectrum disorder. However, little is presently known about the demographics of gender-identity issues in autism spectrum disorder. Based upon what little is known, we hypothesized that there would be an increased prevalence of gender-dysphoria among those with autism spectrum disorder compared to a typically developing population. We surveyed gender-dysphoria with the Gender-Identity/Gender-Dysphoria Questionnaire among 90 males and 219 females with autism spectrum disorder and compared these rates to those of 103 males and 158 females without autism spectrum disorder. When compared to typically developing individuals, autistic individuals reported a higher number of gender-dysphoric traits. Rates of gender-dysphoria in the group with autism spectrum disorder were significantly higher than reported in the wider population. Mediation analysis found that the relationship between autistic traits and sexual orientation was mediated by gender-dysphoric traits. Results suggest that autism spectrum disorder presents a unique experience to the formation and consolidation of gender identity, and for some autistic individuals, their sexual orientation relates to their gender experience. It is important that clinicians working with autism spectrum disorder are aware of the gender-diversity in this population so that the necessary support for healthy socio-sexual functioning and mental well-being is provided.

[Baseline correction of spectrum for the inversion of chlorophyll-a concentration in the turbidity water].

PubMed

Wei, Yu-Chun; Wang, Guo-Xiang; Cheng, Chun-Mei; Zhang, Jing; Sun, Xiao-Peng

2012-09-01

Suspended particle material is the main factor affecting remote sensing inversion of chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) in turbidity water. According to the optical property of suspended material in water, the present paper proposed a linear baseline correction method to weaken the suspended particle contribution in the spectrum above turbidity water surface. The linear baseline was defined as the connecting line of reflectance from 450 to 750 nm, and baseline correction is that spectrum reflectance subtracts the baseline. Analysis result of field data in situ of Meiliangwan, Taihu Lake in April, 2011 and March, 2010 shows that spectrum linear baseline correction can improve the inversion precision of Chl a and produce the better model diagnoses. As the data in March, 2010, RMSE of band ratio model built by original spectrum is 4.11 mg x m(-3), and that built by spectrum baseline correction is 3.58 mg x m(-3). Meanwhile, residual distribution and homoscedasticity in the model built by baseline correction spectrum is improved obviously. The model RMSE of April, 2011 shows the similar result. The authors suggest that using linear baseline correction as the spectrum processing method to improve Chla inversion accuracy in turbidity water without algae bloom.

[New approaches to early diagnosis of chronic organophosphorus chemicals intoxication in workers at chemical weapons extermination objects].

PubMed

Babakov, V N; Goncharov, N V; Radilov, A S; Glashkina, E P; Podol'skaia, E P; Ermolaeva, E E; Shilov, V V; Prokof'eva, D S; Voĭtenko, N G; Egorov, N A

2009-01-01

Mass spectrum analysis revealed differences in general contents of low-molecular peptides spectrums in chemical weapons extermination object staffers, in comparison with the reference group. Findings are that serum paraoxonase activity in chemical weapons extermination object staffers in significantly increased.

Emergency Medical Response Capability Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-07-01

Analgesics, non-narcotic Anesthesia aooaratus Antibiotics and anti-bacterials Basin, qash, solution Antidiabetic Agents (Oral) Blade, surgical Knife...for replace- Holder, suture needle nent therapy Inhaler, anesthesia , Yankauer (atner fask) Local anesthetics Intravenous injection sets Lubricant...Medium-Spectrum Erythromycin Kanamycin Clindamycin Narrow-Spectrum Penicillins Oxacillin Methicillin Streptomycin Gentamicin Other Amphotericin B Nystatin

Signal Identification and Isolation Utilizing Radio Frequency Photonics

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

analyzers can measure the frequency of signals and filters can be used to separate the signals apart from one another. This report will review...different techniques for spectrum analysis and isolation. 15. SUBJECT TERMS radio frequency, photonics, spectrum analyzer, filters 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION...Analyzers .......................................................................................... 3 3.2 Frequency Identification using Filters

Factor Analysis of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Posserud, Britt; Lundervold, Astri J.; Steijnen, Maaike C.; Verhoeven, Sophie; Stormark, Kjell Morten; Gillberg, Christopher

2008-01-01

The present study investigated the factor structure of parent and teacher Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) in a population of 7-9 years old children. For validation purposes, factors derived were correlated with results on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). A three-factor solution was identified on both parent and…

Melatonin in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rossignol, Daniel A.; Frye, Richard E.

2011-01-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate melatonin-related findings in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), including autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorders, not otherwise specified. Method: Comprehensive searches were conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, and ERIC…

Advanced composite stabilizer for Boeing 737 aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Activities related to development of an advanced composites stabilizer for the Boeing 737 commercial transport are reported. Activities include discussion of criteria and objectives, design loads, the fatigue spectrum definition to be used for all spectrum fatigue testing, fatigue analysis, manufacturing producibility studies, the ancillary test program, quality assurance, and manufacturing development.

Autism Spectrum Disorders: Neurobiology and Current Assessment Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Ryan A.; Robins, Diana L.; Decker, Scott L.

2008-01-01

This study reviews recent research related to the neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) an provides an empirical analysis of current assessment practices. Data were collected through a survey of 117 school psychologists. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS), and Gilliam Asperger's Disorder Scale…

Written Expression in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finnegan, Elizabeth; Accardo, Amy L.

2018-01-01

Although studies exist measuring the effectiveness of writing interventions for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), research assessing the writing skills for this group is sparse. The present study identified differences in the written expression of individuals with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) peers, using variables…

Motor Coordination in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Synthesis and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fournier, Kimberly A.; Hass, Chris J.; Naik, Sagar K.; Lodha, Neha; Cauraugh, James H.

2010-01-01

Are motor coordination deficits an underlying cardinal feature of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? Database searches identified 83 ASD studies focused on motor coordination, arm movements, gait, or postural stability deficits. Data extraction involved between-group comparisons for ASD and typically developing controls (N = 51). Rigorous…

A Spectrum of Pedagogical Awareness for Undergraduate Mathematics: From "Tricks" to "Techniques"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nardi, Elena; Jaworski, Barbara; Hegedus, Stephen

2005-01-01

We describe a four-level spectrum of pedagogical awareness (SPA) that emerged from the analysis of six undergraduate mathematics tutors' (1) conceptualizations of their first-year students' difficulties; (2) descriptive accounts of their strategies for facilitating the overcoming of these difficulties; and (3) self-reflective accounts regarding…

Comparative Analysis of Three Screening Instruments for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Toddlers at High Risk

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oosterling, Iris J.; Swinkels, Sophie H.; van der Gaag, Rutger Jan; Visser, Janne C.; Dietz, Claudine; Buitelaar, Jan K.

2009-01-01

Several instruments have been developed to screen for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in high-risk populations. However, few studies compare different instruments in one sample. Data were gathered from the "Early Screening of Autistic Traits Questionnaire," "Social Communication Questionnaire," "Communication and Symbolic…

Improving nuclear data accuracy of 241Am and 237Np capture cross sections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Žerovnik, Gašper; Schillebeeckx, Peter; Cano-Ott, Daniel; Jandel, Marian; Hori, Jun-ichi; Kimura, Atsushi; Rossbach, Matthias; Letourneau, Alain; Noguere, Gilles; Leconte, Pierre; Sano, Tadafumi; Kellett, Mark A.; Iwamoto, Osamu; Ignatyuk, Anatoly V.; Cabellos, Oscar; Genreith, Christoph; Harada, Hideo

2017-09-01

In the framework of the OECD/NEA WPEC subgroup 41, ways to improve neutron induced capture cross sections for 241Am and 237Np are being sought. Decay data, energy dependent cross section data and neutron spectrum averaged data are important for that purpose and were investigated. New time-of-flight measurements were performed and analyzed, and considerable effort was put into development of methods for analysis of spectrum averaged data and re-analysis of existing experimental data.

IUTAM Symposium and NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Interpretation of Time Series from Nonlinear Mechanical Systems Held in Coventry, England on 26-30 August 1991. Conference Abstracts

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-08-01

day oscillation in the extratropical atmosphere as identified by multi-channel singular spectrum analysis 10:25 Coffee Break 10:50 Read Chaotic...day oscillation in the extratropical atmosphere as identified by multi-channel singular spectrum analysis M. Kimoto, M. Ghil and K.-C. Mo ABSTRACT...The three-dimensional spatial structure of an oscillatory mode in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropics will be describe.d The oscillation is

[Analysis of software for identifying spectral line of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on LabVIEW].

PubMed

Hu, Zhi-yu; Zhang, Lei; Ma, Wei-guang; Yan, Xiao-juan; Li, Zhi-xin; Zhang, Yong-zhi; Wang, Le; Dong, Lei; Yin, Wang-bao; Jia, Suo-tang

2012-03-01

Self-designed identifying software for LIBS spectral line was introduced. Being integrated with LabVIEW, the soft ware can smooth spectral lines and pick peaks. The second difference and threshold methods were employed. Characteristic spectrum of several elements matches the NIST database, and realizes automatic spectral line identification and qualitative analysis of the basic composition of sample. This software can analyze spectrum handily and rapidly. It will be a useful tool for LIBS.

Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on spectrum analysis of Polarization-OTDR system.

PubMed

Zhang, Ziyi; Bao, Xiaoyi

2008-07-07

A fully distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is demonstrated based on spectrum analysis of Polarization-OTDR system. Without performing any data averaging, vibration disturbances up to 5 kHz is successfully demonstrated in a 1km fiber link with 10m spatial resolution. The FFT is performed at each spatial resolution; the relation of the disturbance at each frequency component versus location allows detection of multiple events simultaneously with different and the same frequency components.

A computer program for estimating the power-density spectrum of advanced continuous simulation language generated time histories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dunn, H. J.

1981-01-01

A computer program for performing frequency analysis of time history data is presented. The program uses circular convolution and the fast Fourier transform to calculate power density spectrum (PDS) of time history data. The program interfaces with the advanced continuous simulation language (ACSL) so that a frequency analysis may be performed on ACSL generated simulation variables. An example of the calculation of the PDS of a Van de Pol oscillator is presented.

Essential Limitations of the Standard THz TDS Method for Substance Detection and Identification and a Way of Overcoming Them

PubMed Central

Trofimov, Vyacheslav A.; Varentsova, Svetlana A.

2016-01-01

Low efficiency of the standard THz TDS method of the detection and identification of substances based on a comparison of the spectrum for the signal under investigation with a standard signal spectrum is demonstrated using the physical experiments conducted under real conditions with a thick paper bag as well as with Si-based semiconductors under laboratory conditions. In fact, standard THz spectroscopy leads to false detection of hazardous substances in neutral samples, which do not contain them. This disadvantage of the THz TDS method can be overcome by using time-dependent THz pulse spectrum analysis. For a quality assessment of the standard substance spectral features presence in the signal under analysis, one may use time-dependent integral correlation criteria. PMID:27070617

Essential Limitations of the Standard THz TDS Method for Substance Detection and Identification and a Way of Overcoming Them.

PubMed

Trofimov, Vyacheslav A; Varentsova, Svetlana A

2016-04-08

Low efficiency of the standard THz TDS method of the detection and identification of substances based on a comparison of the spectrum for the signal under investigation with a standard signal spectrum is demonstrated using the physical experiments conducted under real conditions with a thick paper bag as well as with Si-based semiconductors under laboratory conditions. In fact, standard THz spectroscopy leads to false detection of hazardous substances in neutral samples, which do not contain them. This disadvantage of the THz TDS method can be overcome by using time-dependent THz pulse spectrum analysis. For a quality assessment of the standard substance spectral features presence in the signal under analysis, one may use time-dependent integral correlation criteria.

Magnetic Field Sensing Based on Bi-Tapered Optical Fibers Using Spectral Phase Analysis.

PubMed

Herrera-Piad, Luis A; Haus, Joseph W; Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel; Sierra-Hernandez, Juan M; Estudillo-Ayala, Julian M; Lopez-Dieguez, Yanelis; Rojas-Laguna, Roberto

2017-10-20

A compact, magnetic field sensor system based on a short, bi-tapered optical fiber (BTOF) span lying on a magnetic tape was designed, fabricated, and characterized. We monitored the transmission spectrum from a broadband light source, which displayed a strong interference signal. After data collection, we applied a phase analysis of the interference optical spectrum. We here report the results on two fabricated, BTOFs with different interference spectrum characteristics; we analyzed the signal based on the interference between a high-order modal component and the core fiber mode. The sensor exhibited a linear response for magnetic field increments, and we achieved a phase sensitivity of around 0.28 rad/mT. The sensing setup presented remote sensing operation and low-cost transducer magnetic material.

Magnetic Field Sensing Based on Bi-Tapered Optical Fibers Using Spectral Phase Analysis

PubMed Central

Herrera-Piad, Luis A.; Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel; Sierra-Hernandez, Juan M.; Lopez-Dieguez, Yanelis

2017-01-01

A compact, magnetic field sensor system based on a short, bi-tapered optical fiber (BTOF) span lying on a magnetic tape was designed, fabricated, and characterized. We monitored the transmission spectrum from a broadband light source, which displayed a strong interference signal. After data collection, we applied a phase analysis of the interference optical spectrum. We here report the results on two fabricated, BTOFs with different interference spectrum characteristics; we analyzed the signal based on the interference between a high-order modal component and the core fiber mode. The sensor exhibited a linear response for magnetic field increments, and we achieved a phase sensitivity of around 0.28 rad/mT. The sensing setup presented remote sensing operation and low-cost transducer magnetic material. PMID:29053570

Electromagnetic Spectrum Analysis and Its Influence on the Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Solar Cells.

PubMed

Hu, Kexiang; Ding, Enjie; Wangyang, Peihua; Wang, Qingkang

2016-06-01

The electromagnetic spectrum and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the silicon hexagonal nanoconical hole (SiHNH) arrays based solar cells is systematically analyzed according to Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) and Modal Transmission Line (MTL) theory. An ultimate efficiency of the optimized SiHNH arrays based solar cell is up to 31.92% in consideration of the absorption spectrum, 4.52% higher than that of silicon hexagonal nanoconical frustum (SiHNF) arrays. The absorption enhancement of the SiHNH arrays is due to its lower reflectance and more supported guided-mode resonances, and the enhanced ultimate efficiency is insensitive to bottom diameter (D(bot)) of nanoconical hole and the incident angle. The result provides an additional guideline for the nanostructure surface texturing fabrication design for photovoltaic applications.

Analysis Spectrum of ECG Signal and QRS Detection during Running on Treadmill

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Agung Suhendra, M.; Ilham R., M.; Simbolon, Artha I.; Faizal A., M.; Munandar, A.

2018-03-01

The heart is an important organ in our metabolism in which it controls circulatory and oxygen. The heart exercise is needed one of them using the treadmill to prevent health. To analysis, it using electrocardiograph (ECG) to investigating and diagnosing anomalies of the heart. In this paper, we would like to analysis ECG signals during running on the treadmill with kinds of speeds. There are two analysis ECG signals i.e. QRS detection and power spectrum density (PSD). The result of PSD showed that subject 3 has highly for all subject and the result of QRS detection using pan Tomkins algorithm that a percentage of failed detection is an approaching to 0 % for all subject.

Molecular structure, vibrational analysis (IR and Raman) and quantum chemical investigations of 1-aminoisoquinoline

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sivaprakash, S.; Prakash, S.; Mohan, S.; Jose, Sujin P.

2017-12-01

Quantum chemical calculations of energy and geometrical parameters of 1-aminoisoquinoline [1-AIQ] were carried out by using DFT/B3LYP method using 6-311G (d,p), 6-311G++(d,p) and cc-pVTZ basis sets. The vibrational wavenumbers were computed for the energetically most stable, optimized geometry. The vibrational assignments were performed on the basis of potential energy distribution (PED) using VEDA program. The NBO analysis was done to investigate the intra molecular charge transfer of the molecule. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis was carried out and the chemical reactivity descriptors of the molecule were studied. The Mulliken charge analysis, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), HOMO-LUMO energy gap and the related properties were also investigated at B3LYP level. The absorption spectrum of the molecule was studied from UV-Visible analysis by using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and Raman spectrum of 1-AIQ compound were analyzed and recorded in the range 4000-400 cm-1 and 3500-100 cm-1 respectively. The experimentally determined wavenumbers were compared with those calculated theoretically and they complement each other.

Bayesian data analysis tools for atomic physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trassinelli, Martino

2017-10-01

We present an introduction to some concepts of Bayesian data analysis in the context of atomic physics. Starting from basic rules of probability, we present the Bayes' theorem and its applications. In particular we discuss about how to calculate simple and joint probability distributions and the Bayesian evidence, a model dependent quantity that allows to assign probabilities to different hypotheses from the analysis of a same data set. To give some practical examples, these methods are applied to two concrete cases. In the first example, the presence or not of a satellite line in an atomic spectrum is investigated. In the second example, we determine the most probable model among a set of possible profiles from the analysis of a statistically poor spectrum. We show also how to calculate the probability distribution of the main spectral component without having to determine uniquely the spectrum modeling. For these two studies, we implement the program Nested_fit to calculate the different probability distributions and other related quantities. Nested_fit is a Fortran90/Python code developed during the last years for analysis of atomic spectra. As indicated by the name, it is based on the nested algorithm, which is presented in details together with the program itself.

How to estimate the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α forest

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Font-Ribera, Andreu; McDonald, Patrick; Slosar, Anže

2018-01-01

We derive and numerically implement an algorithm for estimating the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest flux fluctuations. The algorithm exploits the unique geometry of Lyα forest data to efficiently measure the cross-spectrum between lines of sight as a function of parallel wavenumber, transverse separation and redshift. We start by approximating the global covariance matrix as block-diagonal, where only pixels from the same spectrum are correlated. We then compute the eigenvectors of the derivative of the signal covariance with respect to cross-spectrum parameters, and project the inverse-covariance-weighted spectra onto them. This acts much like a radial Fourier transform over redshift windows. The resulting cross-spectrum inference is then converted into our final product, an approximation of the likelihood for the 3D power spectrum expressed as second order Taylor expansion around a fiducial model. We demonstrate the accuracy and scalability of the algorithm and comment on possible extensions. Our algorithm will allow efficient analysis of the upcoming Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument dataset.

How to estimate the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α forest

DOE PAGES

Font-Ribera, Andreu; McDonald, Patrick; Slosar, Anže

2018-01-02

Here, we derive and numerically implement an algorithm for estimating the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest flux fluctuations. The algorithm exploits the unique geometry of Lyα forest data to efficiently measure the cross-spectrum between lines of sight as a function of parallel wavenumber, transverse separation and redshift. We start by approximating the global covariance matrix as block-diagonal, where only pixels from the same spectrum are correlated. We then compute the eigenvectors of the derivative of the signal covariance with respect to cross-spectrum parameters, and project the inverse-covariance-weighted spectra onto them. This acts much like a radial Fouriermore » transform over redshift windows. The resulting cross-spectrum inference is then converted into our final product, an approximation of the likelihood for the 3D power spectrum expressed as second order Taylor expansion around a fiducial model. We demonstrate the accuracy and scalability of the algorithm and comment on possible extensions. Our algorithm will allow efficient analysis of the upcoming Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument dataset.« less

How to estimate the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α forest

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Font-Ribera, Andreu; McDonald, Patrick; Slosar, Anže

Here, we derive and numerically implement an algorithm for estimating the 3D power spectrum of the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest flux fluctuations. The algorithm exploits the unique geometry of Lyα forest data to efficiently measure the cross-spectrum between lines of sight as a function of parallel wavenumber, transverse separation and redshift. We start by approximating the global covariance matrix as block-diagonal, where only pixels from the same spectrum are correlated. We then compute the eigenvectors of the derivative of the signal covariance with respect to cross-spectrum parameters, and project the inverse-covariance-weighted spectra onto them. This acts much like a radial Fouriermore » transform over redshift windows. The resulting cross-spectrum inference is then converted into our final product, an approximation of the likelihood for the 3D power spectrum expressed as second order Taylor expansion around a fiducial model. We demonstrate the accuracy and scalability of the algorithm and comment on possible extensions. Our algorithm will allow efficient analysis of the upcoming Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument dataset.« less

Validation of IRDFF in 252Cf standard and IRDF-2002 reference neutron fields

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simakov, Stanislav; Capote Noy, Roberto; Greenwood, Lawrence R.

The results of validation of the latest release of International Reactor Dosimetry and Fusion File, IRDFF-1.03, in the standard 252Cf(s.f.) and reference 235U(nth,f) neutron benchmark fields are presented. The spectrum-averaged cross sections were shown to confirm the recommended spectrum for 252Cf spontaneous fission source; that was not the case for the current recommended spectra for 235U(nth,f). IRDFF was also validated in the spectra of the research reactor facilities ISNF, Sigma-Sigma and YAYOI, which are available in the IRDF- 2002 collection. Before this analysis, the ISFN spectrum was resimulated to remove unphysical oscillations in spectrum. IRDFF-1.03 was shown to reasonably reproducemore » the spectrum-averaged data measured in these fields except for the case of YAYOI.« less

HARMONIC SPACE ANALYSIS OF PULSAR TIMING ARRAY REDSHIFT MAPS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Roebber, Elinore; Holder, Gilbert, E-mail: roebbere@physics.mcgill.ca

2017-01-20

In this paper, we propose a new framework for treating the angular information in the pulsar timing array (PTA) response to a gravitational wave (GW) background based on standard cosmic microwave background techniques. We calculate the angular power spectrum of the all-sky gravitational redshift pattern induced at the Earth for both a single bright source of gravitational radiation and a statistically isotropic, unpolarized Gaussian random GW background. The angular power spectrum is the harmonic transform of the Hellings and Downs curve. We use the power spectrum to examine the expected variance in the Hellings and Downs curve in both cases.more » Finally, we discuss the extent to which PTAs are sensitive to the angular power spectrum and find that the power spectrum sensitivity is dominated by the quadrupole anisotropy of the gravitational redshift map.« less

Tool Wear Feature Extraction Based on Hilbert Marginal Spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guan, Shan; Song, Weijie; Pang, Hongyang

2017-09-01

In the metal cutting process, the signal contains a wealth of tool wear state information. A tool wear signal’s analysis and feature extraction method based on Hilbert marginal spectrum is proposed. Firstly, the tool wear signal was decomposed by empirical mode decomposition algorithm and the intrinsic mode functions including the main information were screened out by the correlation coefficient and the variance contribution rate. Secondly, Hilbert transform was performed on the main intrinsic mode functions. Hilbert time-frequency spectrum and Hilbert marginal spectrum were obtained by Hilbert transform. Finally, Amplitude domain indexes were extracted on the basis of the Hilbert marginal spectrum and they structured recognition feature vector of tool wear state. The research results show that the extracted features can effectively characterize the different wear state of the tool, which provides a basis for monitoring tool wear condition.

A small-scale turbulence model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lundgren, T. S.

1992-01-01

A model for the small-scale structure of turbulence is reformulated in such a way that it may be conveniently computed. The model is an ensemble of randomly oriented structured two dimensional vortices stretched by an axially symmetric strain flow. The energy spectrum of the resulting flow may be expressed as a time integral involving only the enstrophy spectrum of the time evolving two-dimensional cross section flow, which may be obtained numerically. Examples are given in which a k(exp -5/3) spectrum is obtained by this method without using large wave number asymptotic analysis. The k(exp -5/3) inertial range spectrum is shown to be related to the existence of a self-similar enstrophy preserving range in the two-dimensional enstrophy spectrum. The results are insensitive to time dependence of the strain-rate, including even intermittent on-or-off strains.

Spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and hypolipidemic effect of Curcuma aromatica.

PubMed

Liu, Meiqiong; Wu, Youjiao; Huang, Shushi; Liu, Huagang; Feng, Jie

2018-02-23

Curcuma aromatica is used as a traditional Chinese medicine, and it is mainly distributed in Guangxi, China. In this study, 10 batches of C. aromatica were collected from different origins in Guangxi. The fingerprints were established by HPLC technique to investigate the quality stability of C. aromatica. The spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and hypolipidemic effect of C. aromatica was assessed by similarity analysis, gray relational analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. From the results, the similarity values between each batch of C. aromatica and reference fingerprint were >0.880, indicating the good quality stability of the 10 batches of C. aromatica. Twenty common peaks were selected as the fingerprints to evaluate the quality and hypolipidemic effect of C. aromatica. The results of spectrum-effect relationship showed that peaks 10, 18, 13, 15 and 17 in the fingerprints were closely related to hypolipidemic effect. This study successfully established the spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and hypolipidemic effect of C. aromatica, which provided methods for quality control and more effectively studies on bioactive compounds of C. aromatica. It could also provide a new simple and effective method for utilizing the fingerprints to optimize the Chinese prescription and develop traditional Chinese medicine. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Retrieval of haze properties and HCN concentrations from the three-micron spectrum of Titan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Sang J.; Lee, D. W.; Sim, C. K.; Seon, K. I.; Courtin, R.; Geballe, T. R.

2018-05-01

The 3 μm spectrum of Titan contains line emission and absorption as well as a significant haze continuum. The line emission has been previously analyzed in the literature, but that analysis has not properly included the influence of haze on the line emission. We report a new analysis of the 3 μm HCN emission spectrum using radiative transfer equations that include scattering and absorption by molecules and haze particles at altitudes lower than 500 km, where the influence of haze on the emergent spectrum becomes significant. Taking advantage of the dominance of resonant single scattering in the HCN ν3 fundamental and of the moderate haze optical thickness of the atmosphere around 3 μm, we adopt single dust and molecular scattering and present a formulation for the radiative transfer process. We evaluate the quantitative influence of haze scattering on the emission line intensities, and derive vertically-resolved single scattering albedos of the haze from model fits. We also present the resulting concentrations of HCN for altitudes below 500 km, where we find that the haze scattering significantly influences the retrieval of the concentrations of HCN. We conclude that the formulation we present is useful for the analysis of the HCN line emission from Titan and other similar hazy planetary or celestial objects.

Global Analysis of Broadband Rotation and Vibration-Rotation Spectra of Sulfur Dicyanide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kisiel, Zbigniew; Winnewissser, Manfred; Winnewisser, Brenda P.; De Lucia, Frank C.; Tokaryk, Dennis W.; Billinghurst, Brant E.

2013-06-01

The successful analysis of the quantum monodromy induced features in the rotational spectrum of the NCNCS molecule prompted a quest for similar behaviour in its vibration-rotation spectrum and several high-resolution FT-IR spectra were recorded on the IFS125HR interferometer at the Canadian Light Source. The sulfur dicyanide, S(CN)_2, molecule is a precursor to NCNCS and the analysis of its spectrum proved to be a prerequisite to a search for the elusive NCNCS transitions. The CLS spectra provided the opportunity to augment the previous extensive analysis of the FASSST rotational spectrum of S(CN)_2 with vibration-rotation data, in particular from the ν_4 fundamental at 121 cm^{-1} and its related hot-band series. A global fit of the two data sets allowed retaining the detailed analysis of the previously reported perturbations in the 3ν_4 triad and 4ν_4 tetrad of states, while allowing for determination of precise energies of all low-lying vibrational states of S(CN)_2. In this way we have determined wavenumbers for five lowest fundamentals of this experimentally difficult molecule and obtained an extensive set of benchmark data for calibration of anharmonic force field calculations of such quantities as the vibration-rotation changes in rotational constants, and anharmonicity coefficients. Comparisons with results of several such calculations are presented. B.P.Winnewisser, et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. {12}, 8158 (2010). M.Winnewisser et al., 67^th OSU Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy, The Ohio State University, Ohio 2012, TF-01. Z.Kisiel et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. {246}, 39 (2007).

Emergent Irreversibility and Entanglement Spectrum Statistics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chamon, Claudio; Hamma, Alioscia; Mucciolo, Eduardo R.

2014-06-01

We study the problem of irreversibility when the dynamical evolution of a many-body system is described by a stochastic quantum circuit. Such evolution is more general than a Hamiltonian one, and since energy levels are not well defined, the well-established connection between the statistical fluctuations of the energy spectrum and irreversibility cannot be made. We show that the entanglement spectrum provides a more general connection. Irreversibility is marked by a failure of a disentangling algorithm and is preceded by the appearance of Wigner-Dyson statistical fluctuations in the entanglement spectrum. This analysis can be done at the wave-function level and offers an alternative route to study quantum chaos and quantum integrability.

Theoretical analysis of the transition-state spectrum of the cyclooctatetraene unimolecular reaction: Three degree-of-freedom model calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshida, Takahiko; Tokizaki, Chihiro; Takayanagi, Toshiyuki

2015-08-01

A three degree-of-freedom potential energy surface of the cyclooctatetraene (COT) unimolecular reaction that can describe both ring-inversion (D2d ↔ D2d) and double bond-alternation (D4h ↔ D4h) processes was constructed using complete active space self-consistent field calculations. The potential energy surface was used to simulate the experimentally measured transition-state spectrum by calculating the photodetachment spectrum of the COT anion with time-dependent wave packet formalism. The calculated spectrum reproduces the experimental result well. We also analyzed wavefunction properties at spectral peak positions to understand the COT unimolecular reaction dynamics.

Spectral Analysis of Two Coupled Diatomic Rotor Molecules

PubMed Central

Crogman, Horace T.; Harter, William G.

2014-01-01

In a previous article the theory of frame transformation relation between Body Oriented Angular (BOA) states and Lab Weakly Coupled states (LWC) was developed to investigate simple rotor–rotor interactions. By analyzing the quantum spectrum for two coupled diatomic molecules and comparing it with spectrum and probability distribution of simple models, evidence was found that, as we move from a LWC state to a strongly coupled state, a single rotor emerges in the strong limit. In the low coupling, the spectrum was quadratic which indicates the degree of floppiness in the rotor–rotor system. However in the high coupling behavior it was found that the spectrum was linear which corresponds to a rotor deep in a well. PMID:25353181

Observation of asymmetric spectrum broadening induced by silver nanoparticles in a heavy-metal oxide glass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhavoronkov, N.; Driben, R.; Bregadiolli, B. A.; Nalin, M.; Malomed, B. A.

2011-05-01

We demonstrate experimentally and support by a theoretical analysis an effect of asymmetric spectrum broadening, which results from doping of silver nanoparticles into a heavy-glass matrix, 90(0.5WO3-0.3SbPO4-0.2PbO)-10AgCl. The strong dispersion of the effective nonlinear coefficient of the composite significantly influences the spectral broadening via the self-phase modulation, and leads to a blue upshift of the spectrum. Further extension of the spectrum towards shorter wavelengths is suppressed by a growing loss caused by the plasmon resonance in the silver particles. The red-edge spectral broadening is dominated by the stimulated Raman scattering.

Attenuation analysis of real GPR wavelets: The equivalent amplitude spectrum (EAS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Economou, Nikos; Kritikakis, George

2016-03-01

Absorption of a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) pulse is a frequency dependent attenuation mechanism which causes a spectral shift on the dominant frequency of GPR data. Both energy variation of GPR amplitude spectrum and spectral shift were used for the estimation of Quality Factor (Q*) and subsequently the characterization of the subsurface material properties. The variation of the amplitude spectrum energy has been studied by Spectral Ratio (SR) method and the frequency shift by the estimation of the Frequency Centroid Shift (FCS) or the Frequency Peak Shift (FPS) methods. The FPS method is more automatic, less robust. This work aims to increase the robustness of the FPS method by fitting a part of the amplitude spectrum of GPR data with Ricker, Gaussian, Sigmoid-Gaussian or Ricker-Gaussian functions. These functions fit different parts of the spectrum of a GPR reference wavelet and the Equivalent Amplitude Spectrum (EAS) is selected, reproducing Q* values used in forward Q* modeling analysis. Then, only the peak frequencies and the time differences between the reference wavelet and the subsequent reflected wavelets are used to estimate Q*. As long as the EAS is estimated, it is used for Q* evaluation in all the GPR section, under the assumption that the selected reference wavelet is representative. De-phasing and constant phase shift, for obtaining symmetrical wavelets, proved useful in the sufficiency of the horizons picking. Synthetic, experimental and real GPR data were examined in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Condensing Raman spectrum for single-cell phenotype analysis.

PubMed

Sun, Shiwei; Wang, Xuetao; Gao, Xin; Ren, Lihui; Su, Xiaoquan; Bu, Dongbo; Ning, Kang

2015-01-01

In recent years, high throughput and non-invasive Raman spectrometry technique has matured as an effective approach to identification of individual cells by species, even in complex, mixed populations. Raman profiling is an appealing optical microscopic method to achieve this. To fully utilize Raman proling for single-cell analysis, an extensive understanding of Raman spectra is necessary to answer questions such as which filtering methodologies are effective for pre-processing of Raman spectra, what strains can be distinguished by Raman spectra, and what features serve best as Raman-based biomarkers for single-cells, etc. In this work, we have proposed an approach called rDisc to discretize the original Raman spectrum into only a few (usually less than 20) representative peaks (Raman shifts). The approach has advantages in removing noises, and condensing the original spectrum. In particular, effective signal processing procedures were designed to eliminate noise, utilising wavelet transform denoising, baseline correction, and signal normalization. In the discretizing process, representative peaks were selected to signicantly decrease the Raman data size. More importantly, the selected peaks are chosen as suitable to serve as key biological markers to differentiate species and other cellular features. Additionally, the classication performance of discretized spectra was found to be comparable to full spectrum having more than 1000 Raman shifts. Overall, the discretized spectrum needs about 5storage space of a full spectrum and the processing speed is considerably faster. This makes rDisc clearly superior to other methods for single-cell classication.

Improving high school physical science students' understanding of the electromagnetic spectrum: A modified diagram approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quebedeaux, James Edward

The focus of this study was to identify major conceptual difficulties that selected public high school physical science students encounter in understanding a standard electromagnetic spectrum diagram. A research-driven, modified version of that standard diagram was used in this study to determine the value added to student understanding of electromagnetic waves. A content analysis was performed on electromagnetic spectrum diagrams found in US textbooks from the 1950s through the present. A class of public high school physical science students participated in a study consisting of four activities conducted during a three-week unit. Students were given a pre- and post-achievement test and a pre- and post-survey on the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. At the conclusion of each activity, selected students were interviewed and each co-constructed a concept map with the researcher. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Literacy Rubric (ESLR) was designed and used to assess students' conceptual understanding periodically as they proceeded through the unit study. A mixed methods analysis was performed, employing both qualitative and quantitative data. A paired t-test determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.014) between the pre- and post-achievement test scores for the class of students participating in the unit study. Effect sizes also determined that students have difficulties with mathematical calculations and wave properties. These topics present conceptual challenges which must be overcome to understand and use an electromagnetic spectrum diagram effectively.

Extended Versus Narrow-spectrum Antibiotics in the Management of Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children: A Propensity-matched Comparative Effectiveness Study.

PubMed

Cameron, Danielle B; Melvin, Patrice; Graham, Dionne A; Glass, Charity C; Serres, Stephanie K; Kronman, Matthew P; Saito, Jacqueline M; Rangel, Shawn J

2018-07-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of extended versus narrow spectrum antibiotics in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) and hospital revisits in children with uncomplicated appendicitis. There is a paucity of high-quality evidence in the pediatric literature comparing the effectiveness of extended versus narrow-spectrum antibiotics in the prevention of SSIs associated with uncomplicated appendicitis. Clinical data from the ACS NSQIP-Pediatric Appendectomy Pilot Project were merged with antibiotic utilization data from the Pediatric Health Information System database for patients undergoing appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis at 17 hospitals from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2015. Patients who received piperacillin/tazobactam (extended spectrum) were compared with those who received either cefoxitin or ceftriaxone with metronidazole (narrow spectrum) after propensity matching on demographic and severity characteristics. Study outcomes were 30-day SSI and hospital revisit rates. Of the 1389 patients included, 39.1% received piperacillin/tazobactam (range by hospital: 0% to 100%), and the remainder received narrow-spectrum agents. No differences in demographics or severity characteristics were found between groups following matching. In the matched analysis, the rates of SSI were similar between groups [extended spectrum: 2.4% vs narrow spectrum 1.8% (odds ratio, OR: 1.05, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.34-3.26)], as was the rate of revisits [extended spectrum: 7.9% vs narrow spectrum 5.1% (OR: 1.46, 95% CI 0.75-2.87)]. Use of extended-spectrum antibiotics was not associated with lower rates of SSI or hospital revisits when compared with narrow-spectrum antibiotics in children with uncomplicated appendicitis. Our results challenge the routine use of extended-spectrum antibiotics observed at many hospitals, particularly given the increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant organisms.

Scaled accelerographs for design of structures in Quetta, Baluchistan, Pakistan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhatti, Abdul Qadir

2016-12-01

Structural design for seismic excitation is usually based on peak values of forces and deformations over the duration of earthquake. In determining these peak values dynamic analysis is done which requires either response history analysis (RHA), also called time history analysis, or response spectrum analysis (RSA), both of which depend upon ground motion severity. In the past, PGA has been used to describe ground motion severity, because seismic force on a rigid body is proportional to the ground acceleration. However, it has been pointed out that single highest peak on accelerograms is a very unreliable description of the accelerograms as a whole. In this study, we are considering 0.2- and 1-s spectral acceleration. Seismic loading has been defined in terms of design spectrum and time history which will lead us to two methods of dynamic analysis. Design spectrum for Quetta will be constructed incorporating the parameters of ASCE 7-05/IBC 2006/2009, which is being used by modern codes and regulation of the world like IBC 2006/2009, ASCE 7-05, ATC-40, FEMA-356 and others. A suite of time history representing design earthquake will also be prepared, this will be a helpful tool to carryout time history dynamic analysis of structures in Quetta.

VRF ("Visual RobFit") — nuclear spectral analysis with non-linear full-spectrum nuclide shape fitting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lasche, George; Coldwell, Robert; Metzger, Robert

2017-09-01

A new application (known as "VRF", or "Visual RobFit") for analysis of high-resolution gamma-ray spectra has been developed using non-linear fitting techniques to fit full-spectrum nuclide shapes. In contrast to conventional methods based on the results of an initial peak-search, the VRF analysis method forms, at each of many automated iterations, a spectrum-wide shape for each nuclide and, also at each iteration, it adjusts the activities of each nuclide, as well as user-enabled parameters of energy calibration, attenuation by up to three intervening or self-absorbing materials, peak width as a function of energy, full-energy peak efficiency, and coincidence summing until no better fit to the data can be obtained. This approach, which employs a new and significantly advanced underlying fitting engine especially adapted to nuclear spectra, allows identification of minor peaks that are masked by larger, overlapping peaks that would not otherwise be possible. The application and method are briefly described and two examples are presented.

The E3Σ1+ (63S1)←A3Π0+(53P1) transition in CdAr revisited: The spectrum and new analysis of the E3Σ1+ Rydberg state interatomic potential.

PubMed

Urbańczyk, T; Krośnicki, M; Kędziorski, A; Koperski, J

2018-05-05

Revisited study of the E 3 Σ 1 + (6 3 S 1 )←A 3 Π 0+ (5 3 P 1 ) transition in CdAr using both theoretical and experimental approach is presented. Systematic detection of the E 3 Σ 1 + in ,υ'←A 3 Π 0+ ,υ″=6 transition frequencies with higher accuracy and spectrally narrower laser extended and improved analysis and simulation of the LIF excitation spectrum. More consistent characterization of the E 3 Σ 1 + in -Rydberg state inner well using inversed perturbation approach methodology was achieved. Free←bound transitions in the E 3 Σ 1 + in ←A 3 Π 0+ ,υ″=6 excitation were taken into account in the analysis and simulation of the recorded spectrum. The updated spectroscopic characterization of the A 3 Π 0+ state was also revisited. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator and the phase structure of causal dynamical triangulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clemente, Giuseppe; D'Elia, Massimo

2018-06-01

We propose a new method to characterize the different phases observed in the nonperturbative numerical approach to quantum gravity known as causal dynamical triangulations. The method is based on the analysis of the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors of the Laplace-Beltrami operator computed on the triangulations: it generalizes previous works based on the analysis of diffusive processes and proves capable of providing more detailed information on the geometric properties of the triangulations. In particular, we apply the method to the analysis of spatial slices, showing that the different phases can be characterized by a new order parameter related to the presence or absence of a gap in the spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator, and deriving an effective dimensionality of the slices at the different scales. We also propose quantities derived from the spectrum that could be used to monitor the running to the continuum limit around a suitable critical point in the phase diagram, if any is found.

The E3Σ1+ (63S1) ← A3Π0+(53P1) transition in CdAr revisited: The spectrum and new analysis of the E3Σ1+ Rydberg state interatomic potential

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Urbańczyk, T.; Krośnicki, M.; Kędziorski, A.; Koperski, J.

2018-05-01

Revisited study of the E3Σ1+ (63S1) ← A3Π0+(53P1) transition in CdAr using both theoretical and experimental approach is presented. Systematic detection of the E3Σ1+in,υ' ← A3Π0+,υ″ = 6 transition frequencies with higher accuracy and spectrally narrower laser extended and improved analysis and simulation of the LIF excitation spectrum. More consistent characterization of the E3Σ1+in-Rydberg state inner well using inversed perturbation approach methodology was achieved. Free ← bound transitions in the E3Σ1+in ← A3Π0+,υ″ = 6 excitation were taken into account in the analysis and simulation of the recorded spectrum. The updated spectroscopic characterization of the A3Π0+ state was also revisited.

On a coherent investigation of the spectrum of cosmic rays in the energy range of 1014 - 1018 eV with KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schoo, S.; Apel, W. D.; Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.; Beck, K.; Bertaina, M.; Blümer, J.; Bozdog, H.; Brancus, I. M.; Cantoni, E.; Chiavassa, A.; Cossavella, F.; Daumiller, K.; de Souza, V.; Di Pierro, F.; Doll, P.; Engel, R.; Fuhrmann, D.; Gherghel-Lascu, A.; Gils, H. J.; Glasstetter, R.; Grupen, C.; Haungs, A.; Heck, D.; Hörandel, J. R.; Huber, D.; Huege, T.; Kampert, K. H.; Kang, D.; Klages, H. O.; Link, K.; Łuczak, P.; Mathes, H. J.; Mayer, H. J.; Milke, J.; Mitrica, B.; Morello, C.; Oehlschläger, J.; Ostapchenko, S.; Palmieri, N.; Petcu, M.; Pierog, T.; Rebel, H.; Roth, M.; Schieler, H.; Schröder, F. G.; Sima, O.; Toma, G.; Trinchero, G. C.; Ulrich, H.; Weindl, A.; Wochele, J.; Zabierowski, J.

2015-08-01

The KASCADE experiment and its extension KASCADE-Grande have significantly contributed to the current knowledge about the energy spectrum and composition of cosmic rays (CRs) with energies between the knee and the ankle. However, the data of both experiments were analysed separately, although Grande used the muon information of the KASCADE-array. A coherent analysis based on the combined data of both arrays is expected to profit from reconstructed shower observables with even higher accuracy compared to the stand-alone analyses. In addition, a significantly larger fiducial area is available. The aim of this analysis is to obtain the spectrum and composition of CRs in the range from 1014 to 1018 eV with a larger number of events and further reduced uncertainties using one unique reconstruction procedure for the entire energy range. This contribution will describe the motivation, the concept, and the current status of the combined analysis.

Comprehensive analysis of the simplest curvaton model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Byrnes, Christian T.; Cortês, Marina; Liddle, Andrew R.

2014-07-01

We carry out a comprehensive analysis of the simplest curvaton model, which is based on two noninteracting massive fields. Our analysis encompasses cases where the inflaton and curvaton both contribute to observable perturbations, and where the curvaton itself drives a second period of inflation. We consider both power spectrum and non-Gaussianity observables, and focus on presenting constraints in model parameter space. The fully curvaton-dominated regime is in some tension with observational data, while an admixture of inflaton-generated perturbations improves the fit. The inflating curvaton regime mimics the predictions of Nflation. Some parts of parameter space permitted by power spectrum data are excluded by non-Gaussianity constraints. The recent BICEP2 results [P. A. R. Ade et al. (BICEP2 Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 241101 (2014)], if confirmed as of predominantly primordial origin, require that the inflaton perturbations provide a significant fraction of the total perturbation, ruling out the usual curvaton scenario in which the inflaton perturbations are negligible, though not the admixture regime where both inflaton and curvaton contribute to the spectrum.

Apparatus and method for transient thermal infrared spectrometry

DOEpatents

McClelland, John F.; Jones, Roger W.

1991-12-03

A method and apparatus for enabling analysis of a material (16, 42) by applying a cooling medium (20, 54) to cool a thin surface layer portion of the material and to transiently generate a temperature differential between the thin surface layer portion and the lower portion of the material sufficient to alter the thermal infrared emission spectrum of the material from the black-body thermal infrared emission spectrum of the material. The altered thermal infrared emission spectrum of the material is detected by a spectrometer/detector (28, 50) while the altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is sufficiently free of self-absorption by the material of the emitted infrared radiation. The detection is effected prior to the temperature differential propagating into the lower portion of the material to an extent such that the altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is no longer sufficiently free of self-absorption by the material of emitted infrared radiation, so that the detected altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is indicative of the characteristics relating to the molecular composition of the material.

Broad- versus Narrow-Spectrum Oral Antibiotic Transition and Outcomes in Health Care-associated Pneumonia.

PubMed

Buckel, Whitney R; Stenehjem, Edward; Sorensen, Jeff; Dean, Nathan; Webb, Brandon

2017-02-01

Guidelines recommend a switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics once patients who are hospitalized with pneumonia achieve clinical stability. However, little evidence guides the selection of an oral antibiotic for patients with health care-associated pneumonia, especially where no microbiological diagnosis is made. To compare outcomes between patients who were transitioned to broad- versus narrow-spectrum oral antibiotics after initially receiving broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic coverage. We performed a secondary analysis of an existing database of adults with community-onset pneumonia admitted to seven Utah hospitals. We identified 220 inpatients with microbiology-negative health care-associated pneumonia from 2010 to 2012. After excluding inpatient deaths and treatment failures, 173 patients remained in which broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics were transitioned to an oral regimen. We classified oral regimens as broad-spectrum (fluoroquinolone) versus narrow-spectrum (usually a β-lactam). We compared demographic and clinical characteristics between groups. Using a multivariable regression model, we adjusted outcomes by severity (electronically calculated CURB-65), comorbidity (Charlson Index), time to clinical stability, and length of intravenous therapy. Age, severity, comorbidity, length of intravenous therapy, and clinical response were similar between the two groups. Observed 30-day readmission (11.9 vs. 21.4%; P = 0.26) and 30-day all-cause mortality (2.3 vs. 5.3%; P = 0.68) were also similar between the narrow and broad oral antibiotic groups. In multivariable analysis, we found no statistically significant differences for adjusted odds of 30-day readmission (adjusted odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-5.2; P = 0.61) or 30-day all-cause mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-1.6; P = 0.26) between narrow and broad oral antibiotic groups. On the basis of analysis of a limited number of patients observed retrospectively, our findings suggest that it may be safe to switch from broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic coverage to a narrow-spectrum oral antibiotic once clinical stability is achieved for hospitalized patients with health care-associated pneumonia when no microbiological diagnosis is made. A larger retrospective study with propensity matching or regression-adjusted test of equivalence or ideally a prospective comparative effectiveness study will be necessary to confirm our observations.

Tracing the temporal stability of autism spectrum diagnosis and severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PubMed Central

Geretsegger, Monika; Thompson, Grace; Elefant, Cochavit

2017-01-01

Background Exploring ways to improve the trajectory and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder is prevalent in research, but less is known about the natural prognosis of autism spectrum disorder and course of symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the temporal stability of autism spectrum disorder and autism diagnosis, and the longitudinal trajectories of autism core symptom severity. We furthermore sought to identify possible predictors for change. Methods We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library up to October 2015 for prospective cohort studies addressing the autism spectrum disorder/autism diagnostic stability, and prospective studies of intervention effects. We included people of all ages with autism spectrum disorder/autism or at risk of having autism spectrum disorder, who were diagnosed and followed up for at least 12 months using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Both continuous ADOS scores and dichotomous diagnostic categories were pooled in random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Results Of 1443 abstracts screened, 44 were eligible of which 40 studies contained appropriate data for meta-analysis. A total of 5771 participants from 7 months of age to 16.5 years were included. Our analyses showed no change in ADOS scores across time as measured by Calibrated Severity Scores (mean difference [MD] = 0.05, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.36). We observed a minor but statistically significant change in ADOS total raw scores (MD = -1.51, 95% CI -2.70 to -0.32). There was no improvement in restricted and repetitive behaviours (standardised MD [SMD] = -0.04, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.11), but a minor improvement in social affect over time (SMD = -0.31, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.12). No changes were observed for meeting the autism spectrum disorder criteria over time (risk difference [RD] = -0.01, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.01), but a significant change for meeting autism criteria over time (RD = -0.18, 95% CI -0.29 to -0.07). On average, there was a high heterogeneity between studies (I2 range: 65.3% to 93.1%). Discussion While 18% of participants shifted from autism to autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, the overall autism spectrum disorder prevalence was unchanged. Overall autism core symptoms were remarkably stable over time across childhood indicating that intervention studies should focus on other areas, such as quality of life and adaptive functioning. However, due to high heterogeneity between studies and a number of limitations in the studies, the results need to be interpreted with caution. PMID:28934215

Inferences about Membrane Properties from Electrical Noise Measurements

PubMed Central

Stevens, Charles F.

1972-01-01

Four sources of electrical noise in biological membranes, each with a different physical basis, are discussed; the analysis of each type of noise potentially yields a different sort of information about membrane properties. (a) From the thermal noise spectrum, the passive membrane impedance may be obtained, so that thermal noise measurements are essentially equivalent to the type of since wave analysis carried out by Cole and Curtis. (b) If adequately high frequency measurements could be made, the shot noise spectrum should give information about the average motion of a single ion within the membrane. (c) The number of charge carriers and single ion mobilities within the membrane can possibly be inferred from measurements of noise with a 1/f spectrum. Available data indicate, for example, that increases in axon membrane conductance are not achieved by modulations in the mobility of ions within the membrane. (d) Fluctuations arising from the mechanisms normally responsible for membrane conductance changes can produce a type of electrical noise. Analysis of such conductance fluctuations provides a way to assess the validity of various microscopic models for the behavior of individual channels. Two different probabilistic interpretations of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations are investigated here and shown to yield different predictions about the spectrum of conductance fluctuations; thus, appropriate noise measurements may serve to eliminate certain classes of microscopic models for membrane conductance changes. Further, it is shown how the analysis of conductance fluctuations can, in some circumstances, provide an estimate of the conductance of a single channel. PMID:5044577

[Infrared Spectrum Analysis of Propolis and Tree Gum Collected from Different Areas].

PubMed

Luo, Huo-lin; Liu, Xing-xing; Gong, Shang-ji; Guo, Xia-li; Luo, Li-ping

2015-11-01

Propolis possesses functions of antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and liver protection, and is known as the "purple gold", however, the phenomenon which making and selling of counterfeit are growing in intensity. In order to establish a authenticity and quality of propolis evaluation model, in this paper, forty-one Chinese propolis, one proplis from United States and two tree gums were used for experimental materials. The infrared spectrum collection was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used for data analysis. The result showed that, the intrared spectrum of propolis and tree gum were significantly different. The propolis characteristic peak only appeared in 2500-3500 and 400-1800 cm⁻¹. All propolis had two frequency region of characteristic peaks, 2849.08-2848.53 and 2917.74- 2916.76 cm⁻¹, but tree gum did not have characteristic peak in this region. The characteristic peaks of gum were in 1150-1300 and 1550-1650 cm⁻¹. Differences in these aspects can be used to distinguish propolis and gum, and can be used to identify true and false propolis. We use Qinghai propolis as a standard sample, in 42 samples, the matching degree of other propolis is > 80%. In addition, the result of PCA shows that tree gum and the propolis from different climate zone, or with different colors could be distinguished well. This paper firstly performed analysis on different propolis and gum by infrared spectrum, and a new method, for authenticity and quality of propolis identification, could be developed.

Multiphysics Code Demonstrated for Propulsion Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lawrence, Charles; Melis, Matthew E.

1998-01-01

The utility of multidisciplinary analysis tools for aeropropulsion applications is being investigated at the NASA Lewis Research Center. The goal of this project is to apply Spectrum, a multiphysics code developed by Centric Engineering Systems, Inc., to simulate multidisciplinary effects in turbomachinery components. Many engineering problems today involve detailed computer analyses to predict the thermal, aerodynamic, and structural response of a mechanical system as it undergoes service loading. Analysis of aerospace structures generally requires attention in all three disciplinary areas to adequately predict component service behavior, and in many cases, the results from one discipline substantially affect the outcome of the other two. There are numerous computer codes currently available in the engineering community to perform such analyses in each of these disciplines. Many of these codes are developed and used in-house by a given organization, and many are commercially available. However, few, if any, of these codes are designed specifically for multidisciplinary analyses. The Spectrum code has been developed for performing fully coupled fluid, thermal, and structural analyses on a mechanical system with a single simulation that accounts for all simultaneous interactions, thus eliminating the requirement for running a large number of sequential, separate, disciplinary analyses. The Spectrum code has a true multiphysics analysis capability, which improves analysis efficiency as well as accuracy. Centric Engineering, Inc., working with a team of Lewis and AlliedSignal Engines engineers, has been evaluating Spectrum for a variety of propulsion applications including disk quenching, drum cavity flow, aeromechanical simulations, and a centrifugal compressor flow simulation.

Prevalence and Correlates of Educational Intervention Utilization among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bilaver, Lucy A.; Cushing, Lisa S.; Cutler, Ann T.

2016-01-01

This study examined the prevalence and correlates of educational intervention utilization among U.S. preschool aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prior to recent policy changes. The analysis was based on a nationally representative longitudinal survey of children receiving special education services during the 2003-2004 school year.…

Sensory Clusters of Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Differences in Affective Symptoms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ben-Sasson, A.; Cermak, S. A.; Orsmond, G. I.; Tager-Flusberg, H.; Kadlec, M. B.; Carter, A. S.

2008-01-01

Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show variability in their sensory behaviors. In this study we identified clusters of toddlers with ASDs who shared sensory profiles and examined differences in affective symptoms across these clusters. Method: Using cluster analysis 170 toddlers with ASDs were grouped based on parent…

Parvocellular Pathway Impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Visual Evoked Potentials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fujita, Takako; Yamasaki, Takao; Kamio, Yoko; Hirose, Shinichi; Tobimatsu, Shozo

2011-01-01

In humans, visual information is processed via parallel channels: the parvocellular (P) pathway analyzes color and form information, whereas the magnocellular (M) stream plays an important role in motion analysis. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often show superior performance in processing fine detail, but impaired performance in…

78 FR 48178 - Submission for OMB Review; 30-day Comment Request: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research Portfolio...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-07

...; 30-day Comment Request: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research Portfolio Analysis SUMMARY: Under the... comment, a request was made for access to any data that is collected on autism projects that are funded..., or request more information on the proposed project, contact: The Office of Autism Research...

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Engagement in Behavioral Health Treatment among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Croen, Lisa A.; Shankute, Naomi; Davignon, Meghan; Massolo, Maria L.; Yoshida, Cathleen

2017-01-01

This study investigates demographic and clinical factors associated with initiation, continuation, and adherence to behavioral health treatment (BHT) among children with autism spectrum disorder. Among 293 insured children referred for applied behavior analysis (ABA) based BHT, 23% never initiated treatment. Among those initiating treatment, 31%…

The Organization of Narrative Discourse in Lewy Body Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ash, Sharon; McMillan, Corey; Gross, Rachel G.; Cook, Philip; Morgan, Brianna; Boller, Ashley; Dreyfuss, Michael; Siderowf, Andrew; Grossman, Murray

2011-01-01

Narrative discourse is an essential component of day-to-day communication, but little is known about narrative in Lewy body spectrum disorder (LBSD), including Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We performed a detailed analysis of a semi-structured speech sample in 32 non-aphasic…

In Parents' Voices: The Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Starr, Elizabeth M.; Foy, Janis B.

2012-01-01

Parents of 144 children with autism spectrum disorders were surveyed regarding their perceptions of and satisfaction with the education their children were receiving. This article focuses on an analysis of the parents' responses to the open-ended questions of this survey. Overall themes that emerged repeatedly across all questions concerned the…

Inclusion for Students with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders: Definitions and Decision Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sansosti, Jenine M.; Sansosti, Frank J.

2012-01-01

General education placements are believed to offer numerous benefits for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs), yet decisions about including students with HFASDs remain controversial. This article presents data from a qualitative analysis of definitions and decision making considerations for a school district with a…

Identification of Genetic Loci Underlying the Phenotypic Constructs of Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Xiao-Qing; Georgiades, Stelios; Duku, Eric; Thompson, Ann; Devlin, Bernie; Cook, Edwin H.; Wijsman, Ellen M.; Paterson, Andrew D.; Szatmari, Peter

2011-01-01

Objective: To investigate the underlying phenotypic constructs in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to identify genetic loci that are linked to these empirically derived factors. Method: Exploratory factor analysis was applied to two datasets with 28 selected Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) algorithm items. The first dataset was from…

Comorbidity Prevalence, Healthcare Utilization, and Expenditures of Medicaid Enrolled Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vohra, Rini; Madhavan, Suresh; Sambamoorthi, Usha

2017-01-01

A retrospective data analysis using 2000-2008 three state Medicaid Analytic eXtract was conducted to examine the prevalence and association of comorbidities (psychiatric and non-psychiatric) with healthcare utilization and expenditures of fee-for-service enrolled adults (22-64 years) with and without autism spectrum disorders (International…

Standing Postural Control in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lim, Yi Huey; Partridge, Katie; Girdler, Sonya; Morris, Susan L.

2017-01-01

Impairments in postural control affect the development of motor and social skills in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review compared the effect of different sensory conditions on static standing postural control between ASD and neurotypical individuals. Results from 19 studies indicated a large difference in postural control…

Antiepileptic Medications in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirota, Tomoya; Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy; Hollander, Eric; Kishi, Taro

2014-01-01

Electroencephalogram-recorded epileptiform activity is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), even without clinical seizures. A systematic literature search identified 7 randomized, placebo-controlled trials of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in ASD (total n = 171), including three of valproate, and one each of lamotrigine,…

A Meta-Analysis of Sensory Modulation Symptoms in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ben-Sasson, Ayelet; Hen, Liat; Fluss, Ronen; Cermak, Sharon A.; Engel-Yeger, Batya; Gal, Eynat

2009-01-01

Sensory modulation symptoms are common in persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASD); however have a heterogeneous presentation. Results from 14 studies indicated a significant high difference between ASD and typical groups in the presence/frequency of sensory symptoms, with the greatest difference in under-responsivity, followed by…

Dream Content Analysis in Persons with an Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daoust, Anne-Marie; Lusignan, Felix-Antoine; Braun, Claude M. J.; Mottron, Laurent; Godbout, Roger

2008-01-01

Dream questionnaires were completed by 28 young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) participants. Seventy-nine typically developed individual served as the control group. In a subset of 17 persons with ASD and 11 controls matched for verbal IQ, dream narratives were obtained following REM sleep awakenings in a sleep laboratory.…

Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders and Speech-Generating Devices: Communication in Different Activities at Home

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thunberg, Gunilla; Ahlsen, Elisabeth; Sandberg, Annika Dahlgren

2007-01-01

The communication of four children with autistic spectrum disorder was investigated when they were supplied with a speech-generating device (SGD) in three different activities in their home environment: mealtime, story reading and "sharing experiences of the preschool day". An activity based communication analysis, in which collective and…

Pre-Eclampsia, Birth Weight, and Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mann, Joshua R.; McDermott, Suzanne; Bao, Haikun; Hardin, James; Gregg, Anthony

2010-01-01

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are primarily inherited, but perinatal or other environmental factors may also be important. In an analysis of 87,677 births from 1996 through 2002, insured by the South Carolina Medicaid program, birth weight was significantly inversely associated with the odds of ASD (OR = 0.78, p = 0.001 for each additional…

The Real-World Effectiveness of Early Teaching Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Phil; Osborne, Lisa A.; Corness, Mark

2007-01-01

The effectiveness of 3 early teaching interventions (applied behavior analysis [ABA], special nursery placement, and portage) for children with autism spectrum disorder was studied in a community-based sample over 10 months. Measures of autism severity as well as intellectual, educational, and adaptive behavioral function were administered. In…

Deep learning for classification of islanding and grid disturbance based on multi-resolution singular spectrum entropy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tie; He, Xiaoyang; Tang, Junci; Zeng, Hui; Zhou, Chunying; Zhang, Nan; Liu, Hui; Lu, Zhuoxin; Kong, Xiangrui; Yan, Zheng

2018-02-01

Forasmuch as the distinguishment of islanding is easy to be interfered by grid disturbance, island detection device may make misjudgment thus causing the consequence of photovoltaic out of service. The detection device must provide with the ability to differ islanding from grid disturbance. In this paper, the concept of deep learning is introduced into classification of islanding and grid disturbance for the first time. A novel deep learning framework is proposed to detect and classify islanding or grid disturbance. The framework is a hybrid of wavelet transformation, multi-resolution singular spectrum entropy, and deep learning architecture. As a signal processing method after wavelet transformation, multi-resolution singular spectrum entropy combines multi-resolution analysis and spectrum analysis with entropy as output, from which we can extract the intrinsic different features between islanding and grid disturbance. With the features extracted, deep learning is utilized to classify islanding and grid disturbance. Simulation results indicate that the method can achieve its goal while being highly accurate, so the photovoltaic system mistakenly withdrawing from power grids can be avoided.

Interaction between MAOA and FOXP2 in association with autism and verbal communication in a Korean population.

PubMed

Park, YoungJoon; Won, SeongSik; Nam, Min; Chung, Joo-Ho; Kwack, KyuBum

2014-12-01

Expression levels of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), the enzyme that related to monoamine neurotransmitters metabolism such as serotonin, are related to schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2), a transcription factor, is associated with abnormal language development and is expressed in several areas of the central nervous system in response to serotonin. For this reason, we undertook interaction analysis between MAOA and FOXP2 in autism spectrum disorder, including testing the verbal communication score of the childhood autism rating scale. In interaction analysis, the FOXP2-TCGC (rs12531289-rs1350135-rs10230087-rs2061183) diplotype and MAOA-TCG (rs6323-rs1801291-rs3027407) haplotype were significantly associated with autism spectrum disorder in males. However, when the interaction term was omitted, neither MAOA nor FOXP2 was associated with autism spectrum disorder or verbal communication. These results indicate that language and speech ability is affected by an interaction between FOXP2 and MAOA, but not by either gene separately. © The Author(s) 2013.

Frequency domain analysis of errors in cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xin; Ben-Zion, Yehuda; Zigone, Dimitri

2016-12-01

We analyse random errors (variances) in cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise in the frequency domain, which differ from previous time domain methods. Extending previous theoretical results on ensemble averaged cross-spectrum, we estimate confidence interval of stacked cross-spectrum of finite amount of data at each frequency using non-overlapping windows with fixed length. The extended theory also connects amplitude and phase variances with the variance of each complex spectrum value. Analysis of synthetic stationary ambient noise is used to estimate the confidence interval of stacked cross-spectrum obtained with different length of noise data corresponding to different number of evenly spaced windows of the same duration. This method allows estimating Signal/Noise Ratio (SNR) of noise cross-correlation in the frequency domain, without specifying filter bandwidth or signal/noise windows that are needed for time domain SNR estimations. Based on synthetic ambient noise data, we also compare the probability distributions, causal part amplitude and SNR of stacked cross-spectrum function using one-bit normalization or pre-whitening with those obtained without these pre-processing steps. Natural continuous noise records contain both ambient noise and small earthquakes that are inseparable from the noise with the existing pre-processing steps. Using probability distributions of random cross-spectrum values based on the theoretical results provides an effective way to exclude such small earthquakes, and additional data segments (outliers) contaminated by signals of different statistics (e.g. rain, cultural noise), from continuous noise waveforms. This technique is applied to constrain values and uncertainties of amplitude and phase velocity of stacked noise cross-spectrum at different frequencies, using data from southern California at both regional scale (˜35 km) and dense linear array (˜20 m) across the plate-boundary faults. A block bootstrap resampling method is used to account for temporal correlation of noise cross-spectrum at low frequencies (0.05-0.2 Hz) near the ocean microseismic peaks.

IUE observations of extragalactic objects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boksenberg, A.; Snijders, M. A. J.; Wilson, R.; Benvenuti, P.; Clavell, J.; Macchetto, F.; Penston, M.; Boggess, A.; Gull, T. R.; Gondhalekar, P.

1978-01-01

During the commissioning phase of IUE several extragalactic objects were observed spectrally at low dispersion in the UV range lambda lambda 1150-3200: the Seyfert galaxies NGC4151 and NGC1068, the QSO 3C273, the BL Lacertae object B2 1101+38, the giant elliptical galaxy M87 and the spiral galaxy M81. The results obtained are presented and a preliminary analysis given for all six objects, discussing the continuous spectrum, extinction, emission line spectrum and absorption line spectrum, where possible for each case. Several new or confirmatory astrophysical results are obtained.

The cosmic ray spectrum above 10(17) eV

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Winn, M. M.; Ulrichs, J.; Horton, L.; Mccusker, C. B. A.; Peak, L. S.

1986-01-01

The final analysis of the data obtained by the Sydney University Giant Airshower Recorder (SUGAR) is presented. The data has been reanalysed to take into account the effects of afterpulsing in the photomultiplier tubes. Event data was used to produce a spectrum of equivalent vertical muon number and from this a model dependent primary energy spectrum was obtained. These spectra show good evidence for the Ankle: a flattening at 10(19) eV. There is no sign of the cut-off which would be expected from the effects of the universal black body radiation.

Analysis of the backscatter spectrum in an ionospheric modification experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, H.; Crawford, F. W.; Harker, K. J.

1976-01-01

The purpose of this study is to compare predictions of the backscatter spectrum, including effects of ionospheric inhomogeneity, with experimental observations of incoherent backscatter from an artificially heated region. Our calculations show that the strongest backscatter echo received is not from the reflection level but from a region some distance below (about 900-1100 m for an experiment carried out at Arecibo). By taking the standing wave pattern of the pump properly into account the present theory explains certain asymmetrical features of the upshifted and downshifted plasma lines in the backscatter spectrum.

Spectral analysis method for detecting an element

DOEpatents

Blackwood, Larry G [Idaho Falls, ID; Edwards, Andrew J [Idaho Falls, ID; Jewell, James K [Idaho Falls, ID; Reber, Edward L [Idaho Falls, ID; Seabury, Edward H [Idaho Falls, ID

2008-02-12

A method for detecting an element is described and which includes the steps of providing a gamma-ray spectrum which has a region of interest which corresponds with a small amount of an element to be detected; providing nonparametric assumptions about a shape of the gamma-ray spectrum in the region of interest, and which would indicate the presence of the element to be detected; and applying a statistical test to the shape of the gamma-ray spectrum based upon the nonparametric assumptions to detect the small amount of the element to be detected.

Vibronic Origin for the Diffuse Band Spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duley, W. W.

1983-09-01

The two arguments outlined by Nuth and Donn (1983) against an interpretation of the diffuse band spectrum between 677 and 536 nm as vibronic systems associated with forbidden origins at 14321, 15153, and 15343 cm-1 (Duley, 1982) are controverted. It is concluded that the vibronic analysis presented by Duley, 1983 for the diffuse band spectrum is in keeping with current spectroscopic practice. The identification of a forbidden origin for 19 of these bands at 14321 cm-1 strongly suggests the involvement of Cr3+ ions in MgO solids in the production of these features.

X-ray spectroscopy of SNR E0102-72 with the ASCA satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hayashi, Ichizo; Koyama, Katsuji; Ozaki, Masanobu; Miyata, Emi; Tsumeni, Hiroshi; Hughes, John P.; Petre, Robert

1994-01-01

The Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) satellite has obtained a moderate-resolution energy spectrum of E0102-72, the brightest Supernova Remnant (SNR) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This paper reports on the first results of the analysis of the high quality spectrum of E0102-72. The spectrum shows resolved emission lines of He-like K alpha, H-like K alpha and K beta from oxygen, neon, and magnesium. The intensity ratios of these lines cannot be explained by a multi-component plasma model with uniform abundances, but requires abundance inhomogeneity in the plasma. We demonstrate how the spectral capabilities of the ASCA SIS make available new diagnostics of X-ray plasmas in a state of non-equilibrium ionization. Some interpretation based on the spectral analysis is also given.

Combining results of multiple search engines in proteomics.

PubMed

Shteynberg, David; Nesvizhskii, Alexey I; Moritz, Robert L; Deutsch, Eric W

2013-09-01

A crucial component of the analysis of shotgun proteomics datasets is the search engine, an algorithm that attempts to identify the peptide sequence from the parent molecular ion that produced each fragment ion spectrum in the dataset. There are many different search engines, both commercial and open source, each employing a somewhat different technique for spectrum identification. The set of high-scoring peptide-spectrum matches for a defined set of input spectra differs markedly among the various search engine results; individual engines each provide unique correct identifications among a core set of correlative identifications. This has led to the approach of combining the results from multiple search engines to achieve improved analysis of each dataset. Here we review the techniques and available software for combining the results of multiple search engines and briefly compare the relative performance of these techniques.

Combining Results of Multiple Search Engines in Proteomics*

PubMed Central

Shteynberg, David; Nesvizhskii, Alexey I.; Moritz, Robert L.; Deutsch, Eric W.

2013-01-01

A crucial component of the analysis of shotgun proteomics datasets is the search engine, an algorithm that attempts to identify the peptide sequence from the parent molecular ion that produced each fragment ion spectrum in the dataset. There are many different search engines, both commercial and open source, each employing a somewhat different technique for spectrum identification. The set of high-scoring peptide-spectrum matches for a defined set of input spectra differs markedly among the various search engine results; individual engines each provide unique correct identifications among a core set of correlative identifications. This has led to the approach of combining the results from multiple search engines to achieve improved analysis of each dataset. Here we review the techniques and available software for combining the results of multiple search engines and briefly compare the relative performance of these techniques. PMID:23720762

A Bayesian analysis of inflationary primordial spectrum models using Planck data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santos da Costa, Simony; Benetti, Micol; Alcaniz, Jailson

2018-03-01

The current available Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data show an anomalously low value of the CMB temperature fluctuations at large angular scales (l < 40). This lack of power is not explained by the minimal ΛCDM model, and one of the possible mechanisms explored in the literature to address this problem is the presence of features in the primordial power spectrum (PPS) motivated by the early universe physics. In this paper, we analyse a set of cutoff inflationary PPS models using a Bayesian model comparison approach in light of the latest CMB data from the Planck Collaboration. Our results show that the standard power-law parameterisation is preferred over all models considered in the analysis, which motivates the search for alternative explanations for the observed lack of power in the CMB anisotropy spectrum.

Definition of energy-calibrated spectra for national reachback

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kunz, Christopher L.; Hertz, Kristin L.

2014-01-01

Accurate energy calibration is critical for the timeliness and accuracy of analysis results of spectra submitted to National Reachback, particularly for the detection of threat items. Many spectra submitted for analysis include either a calibration spectrum using 137Cs or no calibration spectrum at all. The single line provided by 137Cs is insufficient to adequately calibrate nonlinear spectra. A calibration source that provides several lines that are well-spaced, from the low energy cutoff to the full energy range of the detector, is needed for a satisfactory energy calibration. This paper defines the requirements of an energy calibration for the purposes ofmore » National Reachback, outlines a method to validate whether a given spectrum meets that definition, discusses general source considerations, and provides a specific operating procedure for calibrating the GR-135.« less

Hardening neutron spectrum for advanced actinide transmutation experiments in the ATR.

PubMed

Chang, G S; Ambrosek, R G

2005-01-01

The most effective method for transmuting long-lived isotopes contained in spent nuclear fuel into shorter-lived fission products is in a fast neutron spectrum reactor. In the absence of a fast test reactor in the United States, initial irradiation testing of candidate fuels can be performed in a thermal test reactor that has been modified to produce a test region with a hardened neutron spectrum. Such a test facility, with a spectrum similar but somewhat softer than that of the liquid-metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR), has been constructed in the INEEL's Advanced Test Reactor (ATR). The radial fission power distribution of the actinide fuel pin, which is an important parameter in fission gas release modelling, needs to be accurately predicted and the hardened neutron spectrum in the ATR and the LMFBR fast neutron spectrum is compared. The comparison analyses in this study are performed using MCWO, a well-developed tool that couples the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP with the isotope depletion and build-up code ORIGEN-2. MCWO analysis yields time-dependent and neutron-spectrum-dependent minor actinide and Pu concentrations and detailed radial fission power profile calculations for a typical fast reactor (LMFBR) neutron spectrum and the hardened neutron spectrum test region in the ATR. The MCWO-calculated results indicate that the cadmium basket used in the advanced fuel test assembly in the ATR can effectively depress the linear heat generation rate in the experimental fuels and harden the neutron spectrum in the test region.

Spectral signature verification using statistical analysis and text mining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DeCoster, Mallory E.; Firpi, Alexe H.; Jacobs, Samantha K.; Cone, Shelli R.; Tzeng, Nigel H.; Rodriguez, Benjamin M.

2016-05-01

In the spectral science community, numerous spectral signatures are stored in databases representative of many sample materials collected from a variety of spectrometers and spectroscopists. Due to the variety and variability of the spectra that comprise many spectral databases, it is necessary to establish a metric for validating the quality of spectral signatures. This has been an area of great discussion and debate in the spectral science community. This paper discusses a method that independently validates two different aspects of a spectral signature to arrive at a final qualitative assessment; the textual meta-data and numerical spectral data. Results associated with the spectral data stored in the Signature Database1 (SigDB) are proposed. The numerical data comprising a sample material's spectrum is validated based on statistical properties derived from an ideal population set. The quality of the test spectrum is ranked based on a spectral angle mapper (SAM) comparison to the mean spectrum derived from the population set. Additionally, the contextual data of a test spectrum is qualitatively analyzed using lexical analysis text mining. This technique analyzes to understand the syntax of the meta-data to provide local learning patterns and trends within the spectral data, indicative of the test spectrum's quality. Text mining applications have successfully been implemented for security2 (text encryption/decryption), biomedical3 , and marketing4 applications. The text mining lexical analysis algorithm is trained on the meta-data patterns of a subset of high and low quality spectra, in order to have a model to apply to the entire SigDB data set. The statistical and textual methods combine to assess the quality of a test spectrum existing in a database without the need of an expert user. This method has been compared to other validation methods accepted by the spectral science community, and has provided promising results when a baseline spectral signature is present for comparison. The spectral validation method proposed is described from a practical application and analytical perspective.

Rocking-beam spectrum images and ALCHEMI of Ni{sub 50}Al{sub 40}Fe{sub 10}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anderson, I.M.; Bentley, J.

1997-04-01

A rocking-beam energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum image was acquired near the [035] zone axis of a B2-ordered alloy of composition Ni{sub 50}Al{sub 40}Fe{sub 10}. Images comparable to those acquired by Rossouw et al. were formed a posteriori by integrating the X-ray intensities in windows enclosing the Al-K, Fe-K{sub {alpha}}, and Ni-K{sub {alpha}} characteristic X-ray peaks for each pixel of the spectrum image. These images are shown along with a bright-field transmission channeling pattern (TCP), which records the signal from the bright-field STEM detector as the incident beam direction is varied with the beam-tilt coils, and an EDX spectrum from onemore » pixel of the image. The range of orientations from which the spectrum image was acquired is indicated by the square superimposed on the TCP. ALCHEMI (atom-location by channeling-enhanced microanalysis) was performed on a subset of the spectrum image using standard methods. Spectra from a series of {approximately}30 pixels along lines parallel to the (200) band were summed at each of 31 orientations relative to the band in the range 0 {le} {theta}/{theta}{sub 200} {le} 2.3. Characteristic X-ray intensities of the K-shell X-rays of Ni, Fe, and Al were extracted from the 31 summed spectra with the simplex fitting procedure of the DTSA spectral analysis software. The fraction of Fe on the `Ni`-site from this analysis, p{sub Fe`Ni`} = 23.8 {+-} 2.1%, is in excellent agreement with p{sub Fe`Ni`} = 23.7 {+-} 0.9%, which was determined by an analysis of a series of ten spectra acquired at orientations of the crystal carefully chosen so that the contributions of nonsystematic reflections are negligible.« less

Observing random walks of atoms in buffer gas through resonant light absorption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aoki, Kenichiro; Mitsui, Takahisa

2016-07-01

Using resonant light absorption, random-walk motions of rubidium atoms in nitrogen buffer gas are observed directly. The transmitted light intensity through atomic vapor is measured, and its spectrum is obtained, down to orders of magnitude below the shot-noise level to detect fluctuations caused by atomic motions. To understand the measured spectra, the spectrum for atoms performing random walks in a Gaussian light beam is computed, and its analytical form is obtained. The spectrum has 1 /f2 (f is frequency) behavior at higher frequencies, crossing over to a different, but well-defined, behavior at lower frequencies. The properties of this theoretical spectrum agree excellently with the measured spectrum. This understanding also enables us to obtain the diffusion constant, the photon cross section of atoms in buffer gas, and the atomic number density from a single spectral measurement. We further discuss other possible applications of our experimental method and analysis.

Identification of a broad-spectrum inhibitor of virus RNA synthesis: validation of a prototype virus-based approach

PubMed Central

Filone, Claire Marie; Hodges, Erin N.; Honeyman, Brian; Bushkin, G. Guy; Boyd, Karla; Platt, Andrew; Ni, Feng; Strom, Kyle; Hensley, Lisa; Snyder, John K.; Connor, John H.

2013-01-01

There are no approved therapeutics for the most deadly nonsegmented negative-strand (NNS) RNA viruses, including Ebola (EBOV). To identify new chemical scaffolds for development of broad-spectrum antivirals, we undertook a prototype-based lead identification screen. Using the prototype NNS virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), multiple inhibitory compounds were identified. Three compounds were investigated for broad-spectrum activity, and inhibited EBOV infection. The most potent, CMLDBU3402, was selected for further study. CMLDBU3402 did not show significant activity against segmented negative-strand RNA viruses suggesting proscribed broad-spectrum activity. Mechanistic analysis indicated that CMLDBU3402 blocked VSV viral RNA synthesis and inhibited EBOV RNA transcription, demonstrating a consistent mechanism of action against genetically distinct viruses. The identification of this chemical backbone as a broad-spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA synthesis offers significant potential for the development of new therapies for highly pathogenic viruses. PMID:23521799

A study of spectrum fatigue crack propagation in two aluminum alloys. 1: Spectrum simplification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Telesman, J.; Antolovich, S. D.

1985-01-01

The fatigue crack propagation behavior of two commercial Al alloys was studied using spectrum loading conditions characteristics of those encountered at critical locations in high performance fighter aircraft. A tension dominated (TD) and tension compression (TC) spectrum were employed for each alloy. Using a mechanics-based analysis, it was suggested that negative loads could be eliminated for the TC spectrum for low to intermediate maximum stress intensities. The suggestion was verified by subsequent testing. Using fractographic evidence, it was suggested that a further similification in the spectra could be accomplished by eliminating low and intermediate peak load points resulting in near or below threshold maximum peak stress intensity values. It is concluded that load interactions become more important at higher stress intensities and more plasticity at the crack tip. These results suggest that a combined mechanics/fractographic mechanisms approach can be used to simplify other complex spectra.

The behavior of quantization spectra as a function of signal-to-noise ratio

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flanagan, M. J.

1991-01-01

An expression for the spectrum of quantization error in a discrete-time system whose input is a sinusoid plus white Gaussian noise is derived. This quantization spectrum consists of two components: a white-noise floor and spurious harmonics. The dithering effect of the input Gaussian noise in both components of the spectrum is considered. Quantitative results in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) example show the behavior of spurious harmonics as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). These results have strong implications for digital reception and signal analysis systems. At low SNRs, spurious harmonics decay exponentially on a log-log scale, and the resulting spectrum is white. As the SNR increases, the spurious harmonics figure prominently in the output spectrum. A useful expression is given that roughly bounds the magnitude of a spurious harmonic as a function of the SNR.

A discrete spectral analysis for determining quasi-linear viscoelastic properties of biological materials

PubMed Central

Babaei, Behzad; Abramowitch, Steven D.; Elson, Elliot L.; Thomopoulos, Stavros; Genin, Guy M.

2015-01-01

The viscoelastic behaviour of a biological material is central to its functioning and is an indicator of its health. The Fung quasi-linear viscoelastic (QLV) model, a standard tool for characterizing biological materials, provides excellent fits to most stress–relaxation data by imposing a simple form upon a material's temporal relaxation spectrum. However, model identification is challenging because the Fung QLV model's ‘box’-shaped relaxation spectrum, predominant in biomechanics applications, can provide an excellent fit even when it is not a reasonable representation of a material's relaxation spectrum. Here, we present a robust and simple discrete approach for identifying a material's temporal relaxation spectrum from stress–relaxation data in an unbiased way. Our ‘discrete QLV’ (DQLV) approach identifies ranges of time constants over which the Fung QLV model's typical box spectrum provides an accurate representation of a particular material's temporal relaxation spectrum, and is effective at providing a fit to this model. The DQLV spectrum also reveals when other forms or discrete time constants are more suitable than a box spectrum. After validating the approach against idealized and noisy data, we applied the methods to analyse medial collateral ligament stress–relaxation data and identify the strengths and weaknesses of an optimal Fung QLV fit. PMID:26609064

Corrections on energy spectrum and scatterings for fast neutron radiography at NECTAR facility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Shu-Quan; Bücherl, Thomas; Li, Hang; Zou, Yu-Bin; Lu, Yuan-Rong; Guo, Zhi-Yu

2013-11-01

Distortions caused by the neutron spectrum and scattered neutrons are major problems in fast neutron radiography and should be considered for improving the image quality. This paper puts emphasis on the removal of these image distortions and deviations for fast neutron radiography performed at the NECTAR facility of the research reactor FRM- II in Technische Universität München (TUM), Germany. The NECTAR energy spectrum is analyzed and established to modify the influence caused by the neutron spectrum, and the Point Scattered Function (PScF) simulated by the Monte-Carlo program MCNPX is used to evaluate scattering effects from the object and improve image quality. Good analysis results prove the sound effects of the above two corrections.

Analysis of the backscatter spectrum in an ionospheric modification experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, H.

1973-01-01

Predictions of the backscatter spectrum are compared, including effects of ionospheric inhomogeneity with experimental observations of incoherent backscatter from an artificially heated region. Calculations show that the strongest backscatter echo received is not, in fact, from the reflection level, but from a region some distance below (about 0.5 km for an experiment carried out at Arecibo), where the pump wave from a HF transmitter approximately 100 kW) is below the threshold for parametric amplification. By taking the standing wave pattern of the pump into account, asymmetry is explained of the up-shifted and down-shifted plasma lines in the backscatter spectrum, and the several peaks typically observed in the region of the spectrum near the HF transmitter frequency.

Coherent changes of multifractal properties of continuous acoustic emission at failure of heterogeneous materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Panteleev, Ivan; Bayandin, Yuriy; Naimark, Oleg

2017-12-01

This work performs a correlation analysis of the statistical properties of continuous acoustic emission recorded in different parts of marble and fiberglass laminate samples under quasi-static deformation. A spectral coherent measure of time series, which is a generalization of the squared coherence spectrum on a multidimensional series, was chosen. The spectral coherent measure was estimated in a sliding time window for two parameters of the acoustic emission multifractal singularity spectrum: the spectrum width and the generalized Hurst exponent realizing the maximum of the singularity spectrum. It is shown that the preparation of the macrofracture focus is accompanied by the synchronization (coherent behavior) of the statistical properties of acoustic emission in allocated frequency intervals.

The Solar Spectrum: An Atmospheric Remote Sensing Perspective

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Toon, Geoff

2013-01-01

The solar spectrum not only contains information about the composition and structure of the sun, it also provides a bright and stable continuum source for earth remote sensing (atmosphere and surface). Many types of remote sensors use solar radiation. While high-resolution spaceborne sensors (e.g. ACE) can largely remove the effects of the solar spectrum by exo-atmospheric calibration, this isn't an option for sub-orbital sensors, such as the FTIR spectrometers used in the NDACC and TCCON networks. In this case the solar contribution must be explicitly included in the spectral analysis. In this talk the methods used to derive the solar spectrum are presented, and the underlying solar physics are discussed. Implication for remote sensing are described.

Defining crisis in families of individuals with autism spectrum disorders

PubMed Central

Wingsiong, Aranda; Lunsky, Yona

2014-01-01

Parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder often report higher levels of depression, anxiety, and mental health–related issues. The combination of stressors and family adjustment difficulties can cause distress which may develop into a crisis. Understanding crisis in the family is important to mental health practice since it can serve as a guide in delivering service to at-risk families. This study investigated the subjective experience of crisis in 155 mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Thematic analysis revealed that crisis is characterized by factors influencing four major areas: demands, internal capabilities, external resources, and subjective appraisal. Understanding what crisis means to families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder can help inform effective preventative and crisis services. PMID:24254639

Vibration-Rotation Spectrum of Formic Acid Dimer in the 7.3μm Region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duan, Chuanxi

2016-06-01

The vibration-rotation-tunneling spectrum of formic acid dimer, (HCOOH)2, in the spectral region 1369-1375 wn has been measured by a multi-step rapid-can method in a slit jet expansion using a distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser. The observed spectrum is assigned to the O-C-H bending fundamental band. The tunneling splitting in the vibrational excited state is determined to be about 0.005 wn, which is much smaller than that in the ground state, 0.0165 wn (Goroya et al.,J. Chem. Phys. 140, 164311 (2014)). Strong local perturbations involving transitions with J > 9, K = 0 and 1 are identified in the observed spectrum. The deperturbation analysis will be presented.

Progression In The Concepts Of Cognitive Sense Wireless Networks - An Analysis Report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ajay, V. P.; Nesasudha, M.

2017-10-01

This paper illustrates the conception of networks, their primary goals (from day one to the present), the changes it had to endure to get to its present form and the developments which are in progress and in store for further standardization. The analysis gives more importance to the specifics of the Cognitive Radio Networks, which makes use of the dynamic spectrum access procedures, framed for better utilization of our available spectrum resources. The main conceptual difficulties and current research trends are also discussed in terms of real time implementation.

Dynamic Spectrum Access for Internet of Things Service in Cognitive Radio-Enabled LPWANs

PubMed Central

Moon, Bongkyo

2017-01-01

In this paper, we focus on a dynamic spectrum access strategy for Internet of Things (IoT) applications in two types of radio systems: cellular networks and cognitive radio-enabled low power wide area networks (CR-LPWANs). The spectrum channel contention between the licensed cellular networks and the unlicensed CR-LPWANs, which work with them, only takes place within the cellular radio spectrum range. Our aim is to maximize the spectrum capacity for the unlicensed users while ensuring that it never interferes with the licensed network. Therefore, in this paper we propose a dynamic spectrum access strategy for CR-LPWANs operating in both licensed and unlicensed bands. The simulation and the numerical analysis by using a matrix geometric approach for the strategy are presented. Finally, we obtain the blocking probability of the licensed users, the mean dwell time of the unlicensed user, and the total carried traffic and combined service quality for the licensed and unlicensed users. The results show that the proposed strategy can maximize the spectrum capacity for the unlicensed users using IoT applications as well as keep the service quality of the licensed users independent of them. PMID:29206215

Dynamic Spectrum Access for Internet of Things Service in Cognitive Radio-Enabled LPWANs.

PubMed

Moon, Bongkyo

2017-12-05

In this paper, we focus on a dynamic spectrum access strategy for Internet of Things (IoT) applications in two types of radio systems: cellular networks and cognitive radio-enabled low power wide area networks (CR-LPWANs). The spectrum channel contention between the licensed cellular networks and the unlicensed CR-LPWANs, which work with them, only takes place within the cellular radio spectrum range. Our aim is to maximize the spectrum capacity for the unlicensed users while ensuring that it never interferes with the licensed network. Therefore, in this paper we propose a dynamic spectrum access strategy for CR-LPWANs operating in both licensed and unlicensed bands. The simulation and the numerical analysis by using a matrix geometric approach for the strategy are presented. Finally, we obtain the blocking probability of the licensed users, the mean dwell time of the unlicensed user, and the total carried traffic and combined service quality for the licensed and unlicensed users. The results show that the proposed strategy can maximize the spectrum capacity for the unlicensed users using IoT applications as well as keep the service quality of the licensed users independent of them.

ICU Acquisition Rate, Risk Factors, and Clinical Significance of Digestive Tract Colonization With Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PubMed

Detsis, Marios; Karanika, Styliani; Mylonakis, Eleftherios

2017-04-01

To evaluate the acquisition rate, identify risk factors, and estimate the risk for subsequent infection, associated with the colonization of the digestive tract with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae during ICU-hospitalization. PubMed, EMBASE, and reference lists of all eligible articles. Included studies provided data on ICU-acquired colonization with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in previously noncolonized and noninfected patients and used the double disk synergy test for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae phenotypic confirmation. Studies reporting extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae outbreaks or data on pediatric population were excluded. Two authors independently assessed study eligibility and performed data extraction. Thirteen studies (with 15,045 ICUs-patients) were evaluated using a random-effect model and a meta-regression analysis. The acquisition rate of digestive tract colonization during ICU stay was 7% (95% CI, 5-10) and it varies from 3% (95% CI, 2-4) and 4% (95% CI, 2-6) in the Americas and Europe to 21% (95% CI, 9-35) in the Western Pacific region. Previous hospitalization (risk ratio, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.07-2.31]) or antibiotic use (risk ratio, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.15-2.37]) and exposure to beta-lactams/beta-lactamase inhibitors (risk ratio, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.24-2.56]) and carbapenems (risk ratio, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.49-3.06]) during the ICU stay were independent risk factors for ICU-acquired colonization. Importantly, colonized patients were more likely to develop an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection (risk ratio, 49.62 [95% CI, 20.42-120.58]). The sensitivity and specificity of prior colonization to predict subsequent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection were 95.1% (95% CI, 54.7-99.7) and 89.2% (95% CI, 77.2-95.3), respectively. The ICU acquisition rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae ranged from 5% to 10%. Previous use of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase or carbapenems and recent hospitalization were independent risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae colonization, and colonization was associated with significantly higher frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae subsequent infection and increased mortality.

On the Hilbert-Huang Transform Theoretical Developments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kizhner, Semion; Blank, Karin; Flatley, Thomas; Huang, Norden E.; Patrick, David; Hestnes, Phyllis

2005-01-01

One of the main heritage tools used in scientific and engineering data spectrum analysis is the Fourier Integral Transform and its high performance digital equivalent - the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Both carry strong a-priori assumptions about the source data, such as linearity, of being stationary, and of satisfying the Dirichlet conditions. A recent development at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), known as the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT), proposes a novel approach to the solution for the nonlinear class of spectrum analysis problems. Using a-posteriori data processing based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) sifting process (algorithm), followed by the normalized Hilbert Transform of the decomposition data, the HHT allows spectrum analysis of nonlinear and nonstationary data. The EMD sifting process results in a non-constrained decomposition of a source real value data vector into a finite set of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF). These functions form a near orthogonal adaptive basis, a basis that is derived from the data. The IMFs can be further analyzed for spectrum interpretation by the classical Hilbert Transform. A new engineering spectrum analysis tool using HHT has been developed at NASA GSFC, the HHT Data Processing System (HHT-DPS). As the HHT-DPS has been successfully used and commercialized, new applications post additional questions about the theoretical basis behind the HHT and EMD algorithms. Why is the fastest changing component of a composite signal being sifted out first in the EMD sifting process? Why does the EMD sifting process seemingly converge and why does it converge rapidly? Does an IMF have a distinctive structure? Why are the IMFs near orthogonal? We address these questions and develop the initial theoretical background for the HHT. This will contribute to the developments of new HHT processing options, such as real-time and 2-D processing using Field Programmable Array (FPGA) computational resources, enhanced HHT synthesis, and broaden the scope of HHT applications for signal processing.

β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages: Comprehensive localization in the M1–M2 spectrum

PubMed Central

Lamkin, Donald M.; Ho, Hsin-Yun; Ong, Tiffany H.; Kawanishi, Carly K.; Stoffers, Victoria L.; Ahlawat, Nivedita; Ma, Jeffrey C.Y.; Arevalo, Jesusa M. G.; Cole, Steve W.; Sloan, Erica K.

2016-01-01

β-adrenergic signaling can regulate macrophage involvement in several diseases and often produces anti-inflammatory properties in macrophages, which are similar to M2 properties in a dichotomous M1 vs. M2 macrophage taxonomy. However, it is not clear that β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages may be classified strictly as M2. In this in vitro study, we utilized recently published criteria and transcriptome-wide bioinformatics methods to map the relative polarity of murine β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages within a wider M1–M2 spectrum. Results show that β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages did not fit entirely into any one predefined category of the M1–M2 spectrum but did express genes that are representative of some M2 side categories. Moreover, transcript origin analysis of genome-wide transcriptional profiles located β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages firmly on the M2 side of the M1–M2 spectrum and found active suppression of M1 side gene transcripts. The signal transduction pathways involved were mapped through blocking experiments and bioinformatics analysis of transcription factor binding motifs. M2-promoting effects were mediated specifically through β2-adrenergic receptors and were associated with CREB, C/EBPβ, and ATF transcription factor pathways but not with established M1–M2 STAT pathways. Thus, β-adrenergic-signaling induces a macrophage transcriptome that locates on the M2 side of the M1–M2 spectrum but likely accomplishes this effect through a signaling pathway that is atypical for M2-spectrum macrophages. PMID:27485040

β-Adrenergic-stimulated macrophages: Comprehensive localization in the M1-M2 spectrum.

PubMed

Lamkin, Donald M; Ho, Hsin-Yun; Ong, Tiffany H; Kawanishi, Carly K; Stoffers, Victoria L; Ahlawat, Nivedita; Ma, Jeffrey C Y; Arevalo, Jesusa M G; Cole, Steve W; Sloan, Erica K

2016-10-01

β-Adrenergic signaling can regulate macrophage involvement in several diseases and often produces anti-inflammatory properties in macrophages, which are similar to M2 properties in a dichotomous M1 vs. M2 macrophage taxonomy. However, it is not clear that β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages may be classified strictly as M2. In this in vitro study, we utilized recently published criteria and transcriptome-wide bioinformatics methods to map the relative polarity of murine β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages within a wider M1-M2 spectrum. Results show that β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages did not fit entirely into any one pre-defined category of the M1-M2 spectrum but did express genes that are representative of some M2 side categories. Moreover, transcript origin analysis of genome-wide transcriptional profiles located β-adrenergic-stimulated macrophages firmly on the M2 side of the M1-M2 spectrum and found active suppression of M1 side gene transcripts. The signal transduction pathways involved were mapped through blocking experiments and bioinformatics analysis of transcription factor binding motifs. M2-promoting effects were mediated specifically through β2-adrenergic receptors and were associated with CREB, C/EBPβ, and ATF transcription factor pathways but not with established M1-M2 STAT pathways. Thus, β-adrenergic-signaling induces a macrophage transcriptome that locates on the M2 side of the M1-M2 spectrum but likely accomplishes this effect through a signaling pathway that is atypical for M2-spectrum macrophages. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A statistical spatial power spectrum of the Earth's lithospheric magnetic field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thébault, E.; Vervelidou, F.

2015-05-01

The magnetic field of the Earth's lithosphere arises from rock magnetization contrasts that were shaped over geological times. The field can be described mathematically in spherical harmonics or with distributions of magnetization. We exploit this dual representation and assume that the lithospheric field is induced by spatially varying susceptibility values within a shell of constant thickness. By introducing a statistical assumption about the power spectrum of the susceptibility, we then derive a statistical expression for the spatial power spectrum of the crustal magnetic field for the spatial scales ranging from 60 to 2500 km. This expression depends on the mean induced magnetization, the thickness of the shell, and a power law exponent for the power spectrum of the susceptibility. We test the relevance of this form with a misfit analysis to the observational NGDC-720 lithospheric magnetic field model power spectrum. This allows us to estimate a mean global apparent induced magnetization value between 0.3 and 0.6 A m-1, a mean magnetic crustal thickness value between 23 and 30 km, and a root mean square for the field value between 190 and 205 nT at 95 per cent. These estimates are in good agreement with independent models of the crustal magnetization and of the seismic crustal thickness. We carry out the same analysis in the continental and oceanic domains separately. We complement the misfit analyses with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test and we conclude that the observed power spectrum can be each time a sample of the statistical one.

Upregulated expression of La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6 and collagen type I gene following water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared irradiation in a 3-dimensional human epidermal tissue culture model as revealed by microarray analysis.

PubMed

Tanaka, Yohei; Nakayama, Jun

2018-05-01

Water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared irradiation can induce various biological effects, as our previous clinical, histological, and biochemical investigations have shown. However, few studies that examined the changes thus induced in gene expression. The aim was to investigate the changes in gene expression in a 3-dimensional reconstructed epidermal tissue culture exposed to water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared irradiation. DNA microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was used to assess gene expression levels in a 3-dimensional reconstructed epidermal model composed of normal human epidermal cells exposed to water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared irradiation. The water filter allowed 1000-1800 nm wavelengths and excluded 1400-1500 nm wavelengths, and cells were exposed to 5 or 10 rounds of near-infrared irradiation at 10 J/cm 2 . A DNA microarray with over 50 000 different probes showed 18 genes that were upregulated or downregulated by at least twofold after irradiation. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that, relative to control cells, the gene encoding La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6 (LARP6), which regulates collagen expression, was significantly and dose-dependently upregulated (P < 0.05) by water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared exposure. Gene encoding transcripts of collagen type I were significantly upregulated compared with controls (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates the ability of water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared irradiation to stimulate the production of type I collagen. © 2017 The Australasian College of Dermatologists.

An Evaluation of a Behaviorally Based Social Skills Group for Individuals Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leaf, Justin B.; Leaf, Jeremy A.; Milne, Christine; Taubman, Mitchell; Oppenheim-Leaf, Misty; Torres, Norma; Townley-Cochran, Donna; Leaf, Ronald; McEachin, John; Yoder, Paul

2017-01-01

In this study we evaluated a social skills group which employed a progressive applied behavior analysis model for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. A randomized control trial was utilized; eight participants were randomly assigned to a treatment group and seven participants were randomly assigned to a waitlist control group. The…

By the Book: An Analysis of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Condition Co-Constructing Fictional Narratives with Peers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bottema-Beutel, Kristen; White, Rachael

2016-01-01

In this discourse analytic study, we examine interactions between adolescents with autism spectrum condition (ASC) and their typically developing (TD) peers during the construction of fictional narratives within a group intervention context. We found participants with ASC contributed fewer narrative-related turns at talk than TD participants. The…

Social and Behavioural Outcomes in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, Ginny; Golding, Jean; Norwich, Brahm; Emond, Alan; Ford, Tamsin; Steer, Colin

2012-01-01

Objective: To compare social and behavioural outcomes between children formally diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with those of children who displayed autistic traits at preschool age, but remained undiagnosed as teenagers. Method: A secondary analysis of data from a birth cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and…

Evidence for Latent Classes of IQ in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munson, Jeffrey; Dawson, Geraldine; Sterling, Lindsey; Beauchaine, Theodore; Zhou, Andrew; Koehler, Elizabeth; Lord, Catherine; Rogers, Sally; Sigman, Marian; Estes, Annette; Abbott, Robert

2008-01-01

Autism is currently viewed as a spectrum condition that includes strikingly different severity levels; IQ is consistently described as one of the primary aspects of the heterogeneity in autism. To investigate the possibility of more than one distinct subtype of autism based on IQ, both latent class analysis and taxometrics methods were used to…

Testing the Construct Validity of Proposed Criteria for "DSM-5" Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandy, William P. L.; Charman, Tony; Skuse, David H.

2012-01-01

Objective: To use confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of the proposed "DSM-5" symptom model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in comparison to alternative models, including that described in "DSM-IV-TR." Method: Participants were 708 verbal children and young persons (mean age, 9.5 years) with mild to severe autistic…

An interdisciplinary analysis of multispectral satellite data for selected cover types in the Colorado Mountains, using automatic data processing techniques. [hydrology, ecology, geology, vegetation, and mineral deposits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoffer, R. M. (Principal Investigator)

1974-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Documentation is presented of the capability of the middle infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to spectrally differentiate clouds from snow. Other portions of the spectrum cannot provide this capability.

Intrinsic Bioprobes, Inc. (Tempe, AZ)

DOEpatents

Nelson, Randall W [Phoenix, AZ; Williams, Peter [Phoenix, AZ; Krone, Jennifer Reeve [Granbury, TX

2008-07-15

Rapid mass spectrometric immunoassay methods for detecting and/or quantifying antibody and antigen analytes utilizing affinity capture to isolate the analytes and internal reference species (for quantification) followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated analyte/internal reference species. Quantification is obtained by normalizing and calibrating obtained mass spectrum against the mass spectrum obtained for an antibody/antigen of known concentration.

Validating the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirenda, Pat; Smith, Isabel M.; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Georgiades, Stelios; Duku, Eric; Szatmari, Peter; Bryson, Susan; Fombonne, Eric; Roberts, Wendy; Volden, Joanne; Waddell, Charlotte; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie

2010-01-01

This study examined the factor structure of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) in a sample of 287 preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine six competing structural models. Spearman's rank order correlations were calculated to examine the associations between factor…

An Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the CBCL 6-18 in a Sample of Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pandolfi, Vincent; Magyar, Caroline I.; Dill, Charles A.

2012-01-01

Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with co-occurring emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). The Child Behavior Checklist 6-18 (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) is an EBD measure that contains several norm-referenced scales derived through factor analysis of data from the general pediatric population. The…

Interventions to Support Social Interaction in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review of Single Case Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozuna, Jennifer; Mavridis, Alexis; Hott, Brittany L.

2015-01-01

Social interaction is a core deficit in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, parents and teachers need effective interventions to support students with ASD. This synthesis provides a quantitative analysis of single-subject studies that examine interventions to support social interactions in children with ASD. Results suggest…

Evolution of Research on Interventions for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Behavior Analysts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Tristram

2012-01-01

The extraordinary success of behavior-analytic interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has fueled the rapid growth of behavior analysis as a profession. One reason for this success is that for many years behavior analysts were virtually alone in conducting programmatic ASD intervention research. However, that era has…

Informant Agreement for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder or Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stratis, Elizabeth A.; Lecavalier, Luc

2015-01-01

This study investigated informant agreement on emotional and behavior problems and social skills in youth with autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability using meta-analytic methods. Forty-nine studies were included, consisting of 107 effect sizes. The mean weighted effect size across all raters and all behaviors was 0.36, reflecting…

Profiles of Social and Coping Resources in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relations to Parent and Child Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaidman-Zait, Anat; Mirenda, Pat; Szatmari, Peter; Duku, Eric; Smith, Isabel M.; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Volden, Joanne; Waddell, Charlotte; Bennett, Teresa; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Elsabaggh, Mayada; Georgiades, Stelios

2018-01-01

This study described empirically derived profiles of parents' personal and social coping resources in a sample of 207 families of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Latent Profile Analysis identified four family profiles based on socieoeconomic risk, coping strategy utilization, family functioning, available social supports, and…

Mapping the Network of Neuropsychological Impairment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Graph Theoretical Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ibrahim, George M.; Morgan, Benjamin R.; Vogan, Vanessa M.; Leung, Rachel C.; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Taylor, Margot J.

2016-01-01

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit social-communicative impairments. Less is known about the neuropsychological profile of ASD, although cognitive and neuropsychological deficits are evident. We modelled neuropsychological function in 20 children with ASD and 20 sex, age and IQ matched typically-developing controls (ages 7-14) as…

Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Steensel, Francisca J. A.; Bogels, Susan M.; Perrin, Sean

2011-01-01

There is considerable evidence that children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are at increased risk of anxiety and anxiety disorders. However, it is less clear which of the specific DSM-IV anxiety disorders occur most in this population. The present study used meta-analytic techniques to help clarify this issue. A systematic…

A Meta-Analytic Review of the Effectiveness of Behavioural Early Intervention Programs for Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Makrygianni, Maria K.; Reed, Phil

2010-01-01

The effectiveness of behavioural intervention programs for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders was addressed by a meta-analysis, which reviewed 14 studies. The findings suggest that the behavioural programs are effective in improving several developmental aspects in the children, in terms of their treatment gains, and also relative to…

Morphological Features in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Matched Case-Control Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozgen, Heval; Hellemann, Gerhard S.; Stellato, Rebecca K.; Lahuis, Bertine; van Daalen, Emma; Staal, Wouter G.; Rozendal, Marije; Hennekam, Raoul C.; Beemer, Frits A.; van Engeland, Herman

2011-01-01

This study was designed to examine morphological features in a large group of children with autism spectrum disorder versus normal controls. Amongst 421 patients and 1,007 controls, 224 matched pairs were created. Prevalence rates and odds ratios were analyzed by conditional regression analysis, McNemar test or paired t-test matched pairs.…

Psychometric Analysis of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Toddlers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dow, Deanna; Guthrie, Whitney; Stronach, Sheri T.; Wetherby, Amy M.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags as an observational level-two screening measure to detect risk for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers when used with a video-recorded administration of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales. Psychometric properties of the Systematic…

Measurement of radionuclides in waste packages

DOEpatents

Brodzinski, R.L.; Perkins, R.W.; Rieck, H.G.; Wogman, N.A.

1984-09-12

A method is described for non-destructively assaying the radionuclide content of solid waste in a sealed container by analysis of the waste's gamma-ray spectrum and neutron emissions. Some radionuclides are measured by characteristic photopeaks in the gamma-ray spectrum; transuranic nuclides are measured by neutron emission rate; other radionuclides are measured by correlation with those already measured.

Parental Perspectives of Communication about Sexuality in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ballan, Michelle S.

2012-01-01

To explore the content of communication about sexuality between parents and children with autism spectrum disorders, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 parents of children ages 6-13. Content analysis and ethnographic summary were used to interpret the data. Findings suggest that parent's perceptions of a child's behaviors and…

Autism Spectrum Disorder in Down Syndrome: Cluster Analysis of Aberrant Behaviour Checklist Data Supports Diagnosis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ji, N. Y.; Capone, G. T.; Kaufmann, W. E.

2011-01-01

Background: The diagnostic validity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has been challenged in Down syndrome (DS), because of the high prevalence of cognitive impairments in this population. Therefore, we attempted to validate DSM-based diagnoses via an unbiased categorisation of…

Contributions of Skinner's Theory of Verbal Behaviour to Language Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Gaige; Kohler, Kelly; Ross, Denise

2017-01-01

The purpose of the current paper is to describe the impact of applied behaviour analysis on language treatment for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) diagnoses. Specifically, this paper will describe Skinner's theory of verbal behaviour and its contributions to evidence-based treatments for communication deficits among individuals with…

Using Conversation Analysis to Explore the Recurrence of a Topic in the Talk of a Boy with an Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stribling, Penny; Rae, John; Dickerson, Paul

2009-01-01

Some higher functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are reported to produce perseverative talk, especially around "special interests". Topic perseveration is a form of pragmatic impairment captured in Prizant and Rydell's (1993) continuum of unconventional verbal behaviour in autism. Although widely reported, there…

Possibility of observation of polaron normal modes at the far-infrared spectrum of acetanilide and related organics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalosakas, G.; Aubry, S.; Tsironis, G. P.

1998-10-01

We use a stationary and normal mode analysis of the semiclassical Holstein model in order to connect the low-frequency linear polaron modes to low-lying far-infrared lines of the acetanilide spectrum and through parameter fitting we comment on the validity of the polaron results in this system.

Mass spectrometric immunoassay

DOEpatents

Nelson, Randall W; Williams, Peter; Krone, Jennifer Reeve

2007-12-04

Rapid mass spectrometric immunoassay methods for detecting and/or quantifying antibody and antigen analytes utilizing affinity capture to isolate the analytes and internal reference species (for quantification) followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated analyte/internal reference species. Quantification is obtained by normalizing and calibrating obtained mass spectrum against the mass spectrum obtained for an antibody/antigen of known concentration.

Mass spectrometric immunoassay

DOEpatents

Nelson, Randall W; Williams, Peter; Krone, Jennifer Reeve

2013-07-16

Rapid mass spectrometric immunoassay methods for detecting and/or quantifying antibody and antigen analytes utilizing affinity capture to isolate the analytes and internal reference species (for quantification) followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated analyte/internal reference species. Quantification is obtained by normalizing and calibrating obtained mass spectrum against the mass spectrum obtained for an antibody/antigen of known concentration.

Mass spectrometric immunoassay

DOEpatents

Nelson, Randall W.; Williams, Peter; Krone, Jennifer Reeve

2005-12-13

Rapid mass spectrometric immunoassay methods for detecting and/or quantifying antibody and antigen analytes utilizing affinity capture to isolate the analytes and internal reference species (for quantification) followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated analyte/internal reference species. Quantification is obtained by normalizing and calibrating obtained mass spectrum against the mass spectrum obtained for an antibody/antigen of known concentration.

Examining Shared and Unique Aspects of Social Anxiety Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Factor Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Susan W.; Bray, Bethany C.; Ollendick, Thomas H.

2012-01-01

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are fairly common psychiatric conditions that impair the functioning of otherwise healthy young adults. Given that the two conditions frequently co-occur, measurement of the characteristics unique to each condition is critical. This study evaluated the structure and construct…

High Technology Product Training for Sales Representatives of Spectrum Healthcare Solutions and International Business Machines Corporation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crystal, Enid

This report describes an application of the Instructional Systems Design (ISD) process to a product knowledge training project for Spectrum Healthcare Solutions, Inc., including the steps and substeps in the phases of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The training project was designed to address the need for increased…

Figurative Language Comprehension in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kalandadze, Tamar; Norbury, Courtenay; Naerland, Terje; Naess, Kari-Anne B.

2018-01-01

We present a meta-analysis of studies that compare figurative language comprehension in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and in typically developing controls who were matched based on chronological age or/and language ability. A total of 41 studies and 45 independent effect sizes were included based on predetermined inclusion criteria.…

Using Emergence Theory-Based Curriculum to Teach Compromise Skills to Students with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fein, Lance; Jones, Don

2015-01-01

This study addresses the compromise skills that are taught to students diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and related social and communication deficits. A private school in the southeastern United States implemented an emergence theory-based curriculum to address these skills, yet no formal analysis was conducted to determine its…

Functional Living Skills and Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hong, Ee Rea; Davis, John L.; Neely, Leslie; Ganz, Jennifer B.; Morin, Kristi; Ninci, Jennifer; Boles, Margot B.

2017-01-01

Functional living skills are skills needed for being an independent individual in society. As individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) get older, the discrepancy between functional living skills of themselves and their peers increases. However, it is not known which type of intervention is more or less effective specifically for adolescent-…

Faculty Experience with College Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Qualitative Study of Challenges and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gobbo, Ken; Shmulsky, Solvegi

2014-01-01

This article reports the findings of a qualitative inquiry involving two focus groups made up of experienced faculty who met to discuss academic concerns faced by college students with autism spectrum disorders, including Asperger's disorder. Analysis of group meeting transcripts indicated that student concerns fell into categories related to…

Procedural and Conceptual Print-Related Achievements in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lanter, Elizabeth; Freeman, Daniel; Dove, Stephanie

2013-01-01

A comparative analysis between emergent procedural and conceptual print-related achievements was conducted for 32 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) aged 4 to 8 years. To minimize the influence of linguistic competence on the assessment, the ASD print-related profile was compared with that of a language-matched sample of typically…

Measurement of radionuclides in waste packages

DOEpatents

Brodzinski, Ronald L.; Perkins, Richard W.; Rieck, Henry G.; Wogman, Ned A.

1986-01-01

A method is described for non-destructively assaying the radionuclide content of solid waste in a sealed container by analysis of the waste's gamma-ray spectrum and neutron emissions. Some radionuclides are measured by characteristic photopeaks in the gamma-ray spectrum; transuranic nuclides are measured by neutron emission rate; other radionuclides are measured by correlation with those already measured.

Developmental Meta-Analysis of the Functional Neural Correlates of Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickstein, Daniel P.; Pescosolido, Matthew F.; Reidy, Brooke L.; Galvan, Thania; Kim, Kerri L.; Seymour, Karen E.; Laird, Angela R.; Di Martino, Adriana; Barrett, Rowland P.

2013-01-01

Objective: There is a pressing need to elucidate the brain-behavior interactions underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD) given the marked rise in ASD diagnosis over the past decade. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has begun to address this need, but few fMRI studies have evaluated age-related changes in ASD. Therefore, we conducted…

Interaction of Kelvin waves and nonlocality of energy transfer in superfluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laurie, Jason; L'Vov, Victor S.; Nazarenko, Sergey; Rudenko, Oleksii

2010-03-01

We argue that the physics of interacting Kelvin Waves (KWs) is highly nontrivial and cannot be understood on the basis of pure dimensional reasoning. A consistent theory of KW turbulence in superfluids should be based upon explicit knowledge of their interactions. To achieve this, we present a detailed calculation and comprehensive analysis of the interaction coefficients for KW turbuelence, thereby, resolving previous mistakes stemming from unaccounted contributions. As a first application of this analysis, we derive a local nonlinear (partial differential) equation. This equation is much simpler for analysis and numerical simulations of KWs than the Biot-Savart equation, and in contrast to the completely integrable local induction approximation (in which the energy exchange between KWs is absent), describes the nonlinear dynamics of KWs. Second, we show that the previously suggested Kozik-Svistunov energy spectrum for KWs, which has often been used in the analysis of experimental and numerical data in superfluid turbulence, is irrelevant, because it is based upon an erroneous assumption of the locality of the energy transfer through scales. Moreover, we demonstrate the weak nonlocality of the inverse cascade spectrum with a constant particle-number flux and find resulting logarithmic corrections to this spectrum.

Combination of near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics for authentication of taro flour from wheat and sago flour

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rachmawati; Rohaeti, E.; Rafi, M.

2017-05-01

Taro flour on the market is usually sold at higher price than wheat and sago flour. This situation could be a cause for adulteration of taro flour from wheat and sago flour. For this reason, we will need an identification and authentication. Combination of near infrared (NIR) spectrum with multivariate analysis was used in this study to identify and authenticate taro flour from wheat and sago flour. The authentication model of taro flour was developed by using a mixture of 5%, 25%, and 50% of adulterated taro flour from wheat and sago flour. Before subjected to multivariate analysis, an initial preprocessing signal was used namely normalization and standard normal variate to the NIR spectrum. We used principal component analysis followed by discriminant analysis to make an identification and authentication model of taro flour. From the result obtained, about 90.48% of the taro flour mixed with wheat flour and 85% of taro flour mixed with sago flour were successfully classified into their groups. So the combination of NIR spectrum with chemometrics could be used for identification and authentication of taro flour from wheat and sago flour.

Non-strictly black body spectrum from the tunnelling mechanism

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Corda, Christian, E-mail: cordac.galilei@gmail.com

2013-10-15

The tunnelling mechanism is widely used to explain Hawking radiation. However, in many cases the analysis used to obtain the Hawking temperature only involves comparing the emission probability for an outgoing particle with the Boltzmann factor. Banerjee and Majhi improved this approach by explicitly finding a black body spectrum associated with black holes. Their result, obtained using a reformulation of the tunnelling mechanism, is in contrast to that of Parikh and Wilczek, who found an emission probability that is compatible with a non-strictly thermal spectrum. Using the recently identified effective state for a black hole, we solve this contradiction viamore » a slight modification of the analysis by Banerjee and Majhi. The final result is a non-strictly black body spectrum from the tunnelling mechanism. We also show that for an effective temperature, we can express the corresponding effective metric using Hawking’s periodicity arguments. Potential important implications for the black hole information puzzle are discussed. -- Highlights: •We review an important result by Banerjee and Majhi on the tunnelling mechanism in the framework of Hawking radiation. •This result is in contrast to another result reported by Parikh and Wilczek. •We introduce the effective state of a black hole. •We explain the contrast via a slight modification of the analysis by Banerjee and Majhi. •We discuss potential important implications for the black hole information puzzle.« less

Effect of laser peripheral iridotomy on anterior chamber angle anatomy in primary angle closure spectrum eyes

PubMed Central

Kansara, Seema; Blieden, Lauren S.; Chuang, Alice Z.; Baker, Laura A.; Bell, Nicholas P.; Mankiewicz, Kimberly A.; Feldman, Robert M.

2015-01-01

Purpose To evaluate the change in trabecular-iris circumference volume (TICV) after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in primary angle closure (PAC) spectrum eyes Patients and Methods Forty-two chronic PAC spectrum eyes from 24 patients were enrolled. Eyes with anterior chamber abnormalities affecting angle measurement were excluded. Intraocular pressure, slit lamp exam, and gonioscopy were recorded at each visit. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) with 3D mode angle analysis scans were taken with the CASIA SS-1000 (Tomey Corp., Nagoya, Japan) before and after LPI. Forty-two pre-LPI ASOCT scans and 34 post-LPI ASOCT scans were analyzed using the Anterior Chamber Analysis and Interpretation (ACAI, Houston, TX) software. A mixed-effect model analysis was used to compare the trabecular-iris space area (TISA) changes among 4 quadrants, as well as to identify potential factors affecting TICV. Results There was a significant increase in all average angle parameters after LPI (TISA500, TISA750, TICV500, and TICV750). The magnitude of change in TISA500 in the superior angle was significantly less than the other angles. The changes in TICV500 and TICV750 were not associated with any demographic or ocular characteristics. Conclusion TICV is a useful parameter to quantitatively measure the effectiveness of LPI in the treatment of eyes with PAC spectrum disease. PMID:26066504

Continuous optical measurement system of hemolysis during a photosensitization reaction using absorption spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamada, R.; Ogawa, E.; Arai, T.

2018-02-01

To investigate hemolysis phenomena during a photosensitization reaction with the reaction condition continuously and simultaneously for a safety assessment of hemolysis side effect, we constructed an optical system to measure blood sample absorption spectrum during the reaction. Hemolysis degree might be under estimated in general evaluation methods because there is a constant oxygen pressure assumption in spite of oxygen depression take place. By investigating hemoglobin oxidation and oxygen desorption dynamics obtained from the contribution of the visible absorption spectrum and multiple regression analysis, both the hemolysis phenomena and its oxygen environment might be obtained with time. A 664 nm wavelength laser beam for the reaction excitation and 475-650 nm light beam for measuring the absorbance spectrum were arranged perpendicularly crossing. A quartz glass cuvette with 1×10 mm in dimensions for the spectrum measurement was located at this crossing point. A red blood cells suspension medium was arranged with low hematocrit containing 30 μg/ml talaporfin sodium. This medium was irradiated up to 40 J/cm2 . The met-hemoglobin, oxygenatedhemoglobin, and deoxygenated-hemoglobin concentrations were calculated by a multiple regression analysis from the measured spectra. We confirmed the met-hemoglobin concentration increased and oxygen saturation decreased with the irradiation time, which seems to indicate the hemolysis progression and oxygen consumption, respectively. By using our measuring system, the hemolysis progression seems to be obtained with oxygen environment information.

[Laser Raman spectrum analysis of carbendazim pesticide].

PubMed

Wang, Xiao-bin; Wu, Rui-mei; Liu, Mu-hua; Zhang, Lu-ling; Lin, Lei; Yan, Lin-yuan

2014-06-01

Raman signal of solid and liquid carbendazim pesticide was collected by laser Raman spectrometer. The acquired Raman spectrum signal of solid carbendazim was preprocessed by wavelet analysis method, and the optimal combination of wavelet denoising parameter was selected through mixed orthogonal test. The results showed that the best effect was got with signal to noise ratio (SNR) being 62.483 when db2 wavelet function was used, decomposition level was 2, the threshold option scheme was 'rigisure' and reset mode was 'sln'. According to the vibration mode of different functional groups, the de-noised Raman bands could be divided into 3 areas: 1 400-2 000, 700-1 400 and 200-700 cm(-1). And the de-noised Raman bands were assigned with and analyzed. The characteristic vibrational modes were gained in different ranges of wavenumbers. Strong Raman signals were observed in the Raman spectrum at 619, 725, 964, 1 022, 1 265, 1 274 and 1 478 cm(-1), respectively. These characteristic vibrational modes are characteristic Raman peaks of solid carbendazim pesticide. Find characteristic Raman peaks at 629, 727, 1 001, 1 219, 1 258 and 1 365 cm(-1) in Raman spectrum signal of liquid carbendazim. These characteristic peaks were basically tallies with the solid carbendazim. The results can provide basis for the rapid screening of pesticide residue in food and agricultural products based on Raman spectrum.

[Design of flat field holographic concave grating for near-infrared spectrophotometer].

PubMed

Xiang, Xian-Yi; Wen, Zhi-Yu

2008-07-01

Near-infrared spectrum analysis can be used to determine the nature or test quantitatively some chemical compositions by detecting molecular double frequency and multiple frequency absorption. It has been used in agriculture, biology, petrifaction, foodstuff, medicament, spinning and other fields. Near-infrared spectrophotometer is the main apparatus for near-infrared spectrum analysis, and the grating is the most important part of the apparatus. Based on holographic concave grating theory and optic design software CODE V, a flat field holographic concave grating for near-infrared spectrophotometer was designed from primary structure, which relied on global optimization of the software. The contradiction between wide spectrum bound and limited spectrum extension was resolved, aberrations were reduced successfully, spectrum information was utilized fully, and the optic structure of spectrometer was highly efficient. Using CODE V software, complex high-order aberration equations need not be solved, the result can be evaluated quickly, flat field and resolving power can be kept in balance, and the work efficiency is also enhanced. A paradigm of flat field holographic concave grating is given, it works between 900 nm to 1 700 nm, the diameter of the concave grating is 25 mm, and F/ # is 1. 5. The design result was analyzed and evaluated. It was showed that if the slit source, whose width is 50 microm, is used to reconstruction, the theoretic resolution capacity is better than 6.3 nm.

Optical spectrum measurement of a cell-adhered microcavity for the cell-cycle analysis applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saito, Ryusuke; Terakawa, Mitsuhiro; Tanabe, Takasumi

2015-03-01

We build a setup and demonstrate successful measurement of the transmittance spectrum of a whispering gallery mode silica optical microcavity in which NIH 3T3 cells adhered on the top surface to achieve real-time and label-free measurement of the cell cycle. Label-free measurement is expected to prevent the cells to exhibit secondary effect. We build a system that enables the control of the gap distance between the microcavity and the tapered fiber, both of which are placed in the cell culture medium. The optimization of the tapered fiber diameter is the key to measure the spectrum of a microcavity in liquid. A swept wavelength laser light at a wavelength of 766 to 780 nm is used for the measurement. The cavity exhibit a Q of 1 . 0 ×106 in air, where the value is 1 . 0 ×105 in the medium and drops to 3 . 1 ×104 after the cell-adhesion. Still the Q of the microcavity is sufficiently high to detect the change at the cavity surface. Indeed we observe slight spectrum shift toward a longer wavelength, which we believe is due to the adherence of NIH 3T3 cells on the silica microcavity.The successful measurement of the transmittance spectrum of a microcavity in cell culture medium is the first step to realize the analysis of the cell-cycle based on microcavity system.

HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY DURING ECLIPSE OF THE YOUNG SUBSTELLAR ECLIPSING BINARY 2MASS 0535-0546. II. SECONDARY SPECTRUM: NO EVIDENCE THAT SPOTS CAUSE THE TEMPERATURE REVERSAL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mohanty, Subhanjoy; Stassun, Keivan G., E-mail: s.mohanty@imperial.ac.uk, E-mail: keivan.stassun@vanderbilt.edu

2012-10-10

We present high-resolution optical spectra of the young brown dwarf eclipsing binary 2M0535-05, obtained during eclipse of the higher-mass (primary) brown dwarf. Combined with our previous spectrum of the primary alone (Paper I), the new observations yield the spectrum of the secondary alone. We investigate, through a differential analysis of the two binary components, whether cool surface spots are responsible for suppressing the temperature of the primary. In Paper I, we found a significant discrepancy between the empirical surface gravity of the primary and that inferred via fine analysis of its spectrum. Here we find precisely the same discrepancy inmore » surface gravity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. While this may again be ascribed to either cool spots or model opacity errors, it implies that cool spots cannot be responsible for preferentially lowering the temperature of the primary: if they were, spot effects on the primary spectrum should be preferentially larger, and they are not. The T{sub eff}'s we infer for the primary and secondary, from the TiO-{epsilon} bands alone, show the same reversal, in the same ratio, as is empirically observed, bolstering the validity of our analysis. In turn, this implies that if suppression of convection by magnetic fields on the primary is the fundamental cause of the T{sub eff} reversal, then it cannot be a local suppression yielding spots mainly on the primary (though both components may be equally spotted), but a global suppression in the interior of the primary. We briefly discuss current theories of how this might work.« less

Galactic synchrotron radiation from radio to microwaves, and its relation to cosmic-ray propagation models: past, present and future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orlando, Elena

2016-04-01

Galactic synchrotron radiation observed from radio to microwaves is produced by cosmic-ray (CR) electrons propagating in magnetic fields (B-fields). The low-frequency foreground component separated maps by WMAP and Planck depend on the assumed synchrotron spectrum. The synchrotron spectrum varies for different line of sights as a result of changes on the CR spectrum due to propagation effects and source distributions. Our present knowledge of the CR spectrum at different locations in the Galaxy is not sufficient to distinguish various possibilities in the modeling. As a consequence uncertainties on synchrotron emission models complicate the foreground component separation analysis with Planck and future microwave telescopes. Hence, any advancement in synchrotron modeling is important for separating the different foreground components.The first step towards a more comprehensive understanding of degeneracy and correlation among the synchrotron model parameters is outlined in our Strong et al. 2011 and Orlando et al. 2013 papers. In the latter the conclusion was that CR spectrum, propagation models, B-fields, and foreground component separation analysis need to be studied simultaneously in order to properly obtain and interpret the synchrotron foreground. Indeed for the officially released Planck maps, we use only the best spectral model from our above paper for the component separation analysis.Here we present a collections of our latest results on synchrotron, CRs and B-fields in the context of CR propagation, showing also our recent work on B-fields within the Planck Collaboration. We underline also the importance of using the constraints on CRs that we obtain from gamma ray observations. Methods and perspectives for further studies on the synchrotron foreground will be addressed.

Using metabolic flux data to further constrain the metabolic solution space and predict internal flux patterns: the Escherichia coli spectrum.

PubMed

Wiback, Sharon J; Mahadevan, Radhakrishnan; Palsson, Bernhard Ø

2004-05-05

Constraint-based metabolic modeling has been used to capture the genome-scale, systems properties of an organism's metabolism. The first generation of these models has been built on annotated gene sequence. To further this field, we now need to develop methods to incorporate additional "omic" data types including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and fluxomics to further facilitate the construction, validation, and predictive capabilities of these models. The work herein combines metabolic flux data with an in silico model of central metabolism of Escherichia coli for model centric integration of the flux data. The extreme pathways for this network, which define the allowable solution space for all possible flux distributions, are analyzed using the alpha-spectrum. The alpha-spectrum determines which extreme pathways can and cannot contribute to the metabolic flux distribution for a given condition and gives the allowable range of weightings on each extreme pathway that can contribute. Since many extreme pathways cannot be used under certain conditions, the result is a "condition-specific" solution space that is a subset of the original solution space. The alpha-spectrum results are used to create a "condition-specific" extreme pathway matrix that can be analyzed using singular value decomposition (SVD). The first mode of the SVD analysis characterizes the solution space for a given condition. We show that SVD analysis of the alpha-spectrum extreme pathway matrix that incorporates measured uptake and byproduct secretion rates, can predict internal flux trends for different experimental conditions. These predicted internal flux trends are, in general, consistent with the flux trends measured using experimental metabolic flux analysis techniques. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Spectral and cross-spectral analysis of uneven time series with the smoothed Lomb-Scargle periodogram and Monte Carlo evaluation of statistical significance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pardo-Igúzquiza, Eulogio; Rodríguez-Tovar, Francisco J.

2012-12-01

Many spectral analysis techniques have been designed assuming sequences taken with a constant sampling interval. However, there are empirical time series in the geosciences (sediment cores, fossil abundance data, isotope analysis, …) that do not follow regular sampling because of missing data, gapped data, random sampling or incomplete sequences, among other reasons. In general, interpolating an uneven series in order to obtain a succession with a constant sampling interval alters the spectral content of the series. In such cases it is preferable to follow an approach that works with the uneven data directly, avoiding the need for an explicit interpolation step. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram is a popular choice in such circumstances, as there are programs available in the public domain for its computation. One new computer program for spectral analysis improves the standard Lomb-Scargle periodogram approach in two ways: (1) It explicitly adjusts the statistical significance to any bias introduced by variance reduction smoothing, and (2) it uses a permutation test to evaluate confidence levels, which is better suited than parametric methods when neighbouring frequencies are highly correlated. Another novel program for cross-spectral analysis offers the advantage of estimating the Lomb-Scargle cross-periodogram of two uneven time series defined on the same interval, and it evaluates the confidence levels of the estimated cross-spectra by a non-parametric computer intensive permutation test. Thus, the cross-spectrum, the squared coherence spectrum, the phase spectrum, and the Monte Carlo statistical significance of the cross-spectrum and the squared-coherence spectrum can be obtained. Both of the programs are written in ANSI Fortran 77, in view of its simplicity and compatibility. The program code is of public domain, provided on the website of the journal (http://www.iamg.org/index.php/publisher/articleview/frmArticleID/112/). Different examples (with simulated and real data) are described in this paper to corroborate the methodology and the implementation of these two new programs.

Preliminary study of acoustic analysis for evaluating speech-aid oral prostheses: Characteristic dips in octave spectrum for comparison of nasality.

PubMed

Chang, Yen-Liang; Hung, Chao-Ho; Chen, Po-Yueh; Chen, Wei-Chang; Hung, Shih-Han

2015-10-01

Acoustic analysis is often used in speech evaluation but seldom for the evaluation of oral prostheses designed for reconstruction of surgical defect. This study aimed to introduce the application of acoustic analysis for patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to oral surgery and rehabilitated with oral speech-aid prostheses. The pre- and postprosthetic rehabilitation acoustic features of sustained vowel sounds from two patients with VPI were analyzed and compared with the acoustic analysis software Praat. There were significant differences in the octave spectrum of sustained vowel speech sound between the pre- and postprosthetic rehabilitation. Acoustic measurements of sustained vowels for patients before and after prosthetic treatment showed no significant differences for all parameters of fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonics ratio, formant frequency, F1 bandwidth, and band energy difference. The decrease in objective nasality perceptions correlated very well with the decrease in dips of the spectra for the male patient with a higher speech bulb height. Acoustic analysis may be a potential technique for evaluating the functions of oral speech-aid prostheses, which eliminates dysfunctions due to the surgical defect and contributes to a high percentage of intelligible speech. Octave spectrum analysis may also be a valuable tool for detecting changes in nasality characteristics of the voice during prosthetic treatment of VPI. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

The Raman spectrum character of skin tumor induced by UVB

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Shulian; Hu, Liangjun; Wang, Yunxia; Li, Yongzeng

2016-03-01

In our study, the skin canceration processes induced by UVB were analyzed from the perspective of tissue spectrum. A home-made Raman spectral system with a millimeter order excitation laser spot size combined with a multivariate statistical analysis for monitoring the skin changed irradiated by UVB was studied and the discrimination were evaluated. Raman scattering signals of the SCC and normal skin were acquired. Spectral differences in Raman spectra were revealed. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to generate diagnostic algorithms for the classification of skin SCC and normal. The results indicated that Raman spectroscopy combined with PCA-LDA demonstrated good potential for improving the diagnosis of skin cancers.

Performance Analysis of HF Band FB-MC-SS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hussein Moradi; Stephen Andrew Laraway; Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny

Abstract—In a recent paper [1] the filter bank multicarrier spread spectrum (FB-MC-SS) waveform was proposed for wideband spread spectrum HF communications. A significant benefit of this waveform is robustness against narrow and partial band interference. Simulation results in [1] demonstrated good performance in a wideband HF channel over a wide range of conditions. In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of the bit error probably for this system. Our analysis tailors the results from [2] where BER performance was analyzed for maximum ration combining systems that accounted for correlation between subcarriers and channel estimation error. Equations are give formore » BER that closely match the simulated performance in most situations.« less

[Research advances in water quality monitoring technology based on UV-Vis spectrum analysis].

PubMed

Wei, Kang-Lin; Wen, Zhi-yu; Wu, Xin; Zhang, Zhong-Wei; Zeng, Tian-Ling

2011-04-01

The application of spectral analysis to water quality monitoring is an important developing trend in the field of modern environment monitoring technology. The principle and characteristic of water quality monitoring technology based on UV-Vis spectrum analysis are briefly reviewed. And the research status and advances are introduced from two aspects, on-line monitoring and in-situ monitoring. Moreover, the existent key technical problems are put forward. Finally, the technology trends of multi-parameter water quality monitoring microsystem and microsystem networks based on microspectrometer are prospected, which has certain reference value for the research and development of environmental monitoring technology and modern scientific instrument in the authors' country.

Reconstruction of the primordial power spectrum using temperature and polarisation data from multiple experiments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nicholson, Gavin; Contaldi, Carlo R., E-mail: gavin.nicholson05@imperial.ac.uk, E-mail: c.contaldi@imperial.ac.uk

2009-07-01

We develop a method to reconstruct the primordial power spectrum, P(k), using both temperature and polarisation data from the joint analysis of a number of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations. The method is an extension of the Richardson-Lucy algorithm, first applied in this context by Shafieloo and Souradeep [1]. We show how the inclusion of polarisation measurements can decrease the uncertainty in the reconstructed power spectrum. In particular, the polarisation data can constrain oscillations in the spectrum more effectively than total intensity only measurements. We apply the estimator to a compilation of current CMB results. The reconstructed spectrum is consistentmore » with the best-fit power spectrum although we find evidence for a 'dip' in the power on scales k ≈ 0.002 Mpc{sup −1}. This feature appears to be associated with the WMAP power in the region 18 ≤ l ≤ 26 which is consistently below best-fit models. We also forecast the reconstruction for a simulated, Planck-like [2] survey including sample variance limited polarisation data.« less

In-situ detection of convection and rotation striations by growth interface electromotive force spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Yunzhong; Tang, Feng; Yang, Xin; Yang, Mingming; Ma, Decai; Zhang, Xiaoyue; Liu, Yang; Lin, Shaopeng; Wang, Biao

2018-04-01

Nanoscale growth striations, induced by the crystal rotation and melt convection, are in-situ detected by the growth interface electromotive force (GEMF) spectrum during Czochralski (CZ) crystal growth. Specifically, the intensity and period of rotation and convection striations could be precisely revealed under different rotation rates. This is because the GEMF spectrum is affected by the combination effort of temperature difference in crystal rotation path and the melt flow in growth interface. Furthermore, the spectrum analysis (Fourier transform) reveals remarkable characteristics of periodic flow oscillation. More interestingly, in different rotation rates, the corresponding convection period and intensity show particular regularity that could barely be observed in semitransparent and high-temperature melt. Therefore, the GEMF spectrum reflects the subtle changes of a growing crystal that is far beyond the detecting precision of sensors in current CZ equipment. On the basis of this paper and our previous work, the real-time feedback of multiscale striations is established. GEMF spectrum could be a promising approach to reveal striation formation mechanism and optimize crystal quality.

Parent-reported differences between school-aged girls and boys on the autism spectrum.

PubMed

Sutherland, Rebecca; Hodge, Antoinette; Bruck, Susan; Costley, Debra; Klieve, Helen

2017-08-01

More boys than girls are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder; however, there are conflicting findings about whether they differ in their presentation. This study involved a survey of parents of school-aged children on the autism spectrum (171 parents of girls and 163 parents of boys) that was distributed via social media. The surveys provided insights regarding the characteristics of boys and girls (as perceived by parents) as well as some demographic information. There were very few differences reported regarding communication and social strengths and difficulties of boys and girls with autism. No differences were reported in the number of boys and girls on the autism spectrum with special interests or repetitive behaviours; however, significant differences were found in the types of special interests with boys and girls showing generally interests along traditional gender lines. Qualitative analysis of open comments indicated that some parents of girls on the autism spectrum described their daughter as trying to hide or mask her difficulties more but no parents of boys on the spectrum described this phenomenon.

Apparatus and method for transient thermal infrared spectrometry of flowable enclosed materials

DOEpatents

McClelland, John F.; Jones, Roger W.

1993-03-02

A method and apparatus for enabling analysis of a flowable material enclosed in a transport system having an infrared transparent wall portion. A temperature differential is transiently generated between a thin surface layer portion of the material and a lower or deeper portion of the material sufficient to alter the thermal infrared emission spectrum of the material from the black-body thermal infrared emission spectrum of the material, and the altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is detected through the infrared transparent portion of the transport system while the altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is sufficiently free of self-absorption by the material of emitted infrared radiation. The detection is effected prior to the temperature differential propagating into the lower or deeper portion of the material to an extent such that the altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is no longer sufficiently free of self-absorption by the material of emitted infrared radiation. By such detection, the detected altered thermal infrared emission spectrum is indicative of characteristics relating to molecular composition of the material.

Investigation of the Association Between Motor Stereotypy Behavior With Fundamental Movement Skills, Adaptive Functioning, and Autistic Spectrum Disorder Symptomology in Children With Intellectual Disabilities.

PubMed

Powell, Joanne L; Pringle, Lydia; Greig, Matt

2017-02-01

Motor stereotypy behaviors are patterned, coordinated, repetitive behaviors that are particularly evident in those with an autistic spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities. The extent to which motor stereotypy behavior severity is associated with motor skills and maladaptive behavior, measures of adaptive functioning, along with fundamental movement skills and degree of autistic spectrum disorder symptomology is assessed in this preliminary report. Twelve participants, aged 7 to 16 years, with a reported motor stereotypy behavior and either mild or severe intellectual disability comprising developmental or global delay took part in the study. Spearman rho correlational analysis showed that severity of motor stereotypy behavior was significantly positively correlated with autistic spectrum disorder symptomology ( P = .008) and maladaptive behavior ( P = .008) but not fundamental movement skills ( P > .05). An increase in fundamental movement skills score was associated with a decrease in autistic spectrum disorder symptomology ( P = .01) and an increase in motor skills ( P = .002). This study provides evidence showing a significant relationship between motor stereotypy behavior severity with degree of autistic spectrum disorder symptomology and maladaptive behavior.

Development of Elite BPH-Resistant Wide-Spectrum Restorer Lines for Three and Two Line Hybrid Rice.

PubMed

Fan, Fengfeng; Li, Nengwu; Chen, Yunping; Liu, Xingdan; Sun, Heng; Wang, Jie; He, Guangcun; Zhu, Yingguo; Li, Shaoqing

2017-01-01

Hybrid rice has contributed significantly to the world food security. Breeding of elite high-yield, strong-resistant broad-spectrum restorer line is an important strategy for hybrid rice in commercial breeding programs. Here, we developed three elite brown planthopper (BPH)-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines by pyramiding big-panicle gene Gn8.1 , BPH-resistant genes Bph6 and Bph9 , fertility restorer genes Rf3, Rf4, Rf5 , and Rf6 through molecular marker assisted selection. Resistance analysis revealed that the newly developed restorer lines showed stronger BPH-resistance than any of the single-gene donor parent Luoyang-6 and Luoyang-9. Moreover, the three new restorer lines had broad spectrum recovery capabilities for Honglian CMS, Wild abortive CMS and two-line GMS sterile lines, and higher grain yields than that of the recurrent parent 9,311 under nature field conditions. Importantly, the hybrid crosses also showed good performance for grain yield and BPH-resistance. Thus, the development of elite BPH-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines has a promising future for breeding of broad spectrum BPH-resistant high-yield varieties.

BAYESIAN SEMI-BLIND COMPONENT SEPARATION FOR FOREGROUND REMOVAL IN INTERFEROMETRIC 21 cm OBSERVATIONS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Le; Timbie, Peter T.; Bunn, Emory F.

In this paper, we present a new Bayesian semi-blind approach for foreground removal in observations of the 21 cm signal measured by interferometers. The technique, which we call H i Expectation–Maximization Independent Component Analysis (HIEMICA), is an extension of the Independent Component Analysis technique developed for two-dimensional (2D) cosmic microwave background maps to three-dimensional (3D) 21 cm cosmological signals measured by interferometers. This technique provides a fully Bayesian inference of power spectra and maps and separates the foregrounds from the signal based on the diversity of their power spectra. Relying only on the statistical independence of the components, this approachmore » can jointly estimate the 3D power spectrum of the 21 cm signal, as well as the 2D angular power spectrum and the frequency dependence of each foreground component, without any prior assumptions about the foregrounds. This approach has been tested extensively by applying it to mock data from interferometric 21 cm intensity mapping observations under idealized assumptions of instrumental effects. We also discuss the impact when the noise properties are not known completely. As a first step toward solving the 21 cm power spectrum analysis problem, we compare the semi-blind HIEMICA technique to the commonly used Principal Component Analysis. Under the same idealized circumstances, the proposed technique provides significantly improved recovery of the power spectrum. This technique can be applied in a straightforward manner to all 21 cm interferometric observations, including epoch of reionization measurements, and can be extended to single-dish observations as well.« less

VACTIV: A graphical dialog based program for an automatic processing of line and band spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zlokazov, V. B.

2013-05-01

The program VACTIV-Visual ACTIV-has been developed for an automatic analysis of spectrum-like distributions, in particular gamma-ray spectra or alpha-spectra and is a standard graphical dialog based Windows XX application, driven by a menu, mouse and keyboard. On the one hand, it was a conversion of an existing Fortran program ACTIV [1] to the DELPHI language; on the other hand, it is a transformation of the sequential syntax of Fortran programming to a new object-oriented style, based on the organization of event interactions. New features implemented in the algorithms of both the versions consisted in the following as peak model both an analytical function and a graphical curve could be used; the peak search algorithm was able to recognize not only Gauss peaks but also peaks with an irregular form; both narrow peaks (2-4 channels) and broad ones (50-100 channels); the regularization technique in the fitting guaranteed a stable solution in the most complicated cases of strongly overlapping or weak peaks. The graphical dialog interface of VACTIV is much more convenient than the batch mode of ACTIV. [1] V.B. Zlokazov, Computer Physics Communications, 28 (1982) 27-37. NEW VERSION PROGRAM SUMMARYProgram Title: VACTIV Catalogue identifier: ABAC_v2_0 Licensing provisions: no Programming language: DELPHI 5-7 Pascal. Computer: IBM PC series. Operating system: Windows XX. RAM: 1 MB Keywords: Nuclear physics, spectrum decomposition, least squares analysis, graphical dialog, object-oriented programming. Classification: 17.6. Catalogue identifier of previous version: ABAC_v1_0 Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Commun. 28 (1982) 27 Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes. Nature of problem: Program VACTIV is intended for precise analysis of arbitrary spectrum-like distributions, e.g. gamma-ray and X-ray spectra and allows the user to carry out the full cycle of automatic processing of such spectra, i.e. calibration, automatic peak search and estimation of parameters of interest. VACTIV can run on any standard modern laptop. Reasons for the new version: At the time of its creation (1999) VACTIV was seemingly the first attempt to apply the newest programming languages and styles to systems of spectrum analysis. Its goal was to both get a convenient and efficient technique for data processing, and to elaborate the formalism of spectrum analysis in terms of classes, their properties, their methods and events of an object-oriented programming language. Summary of revisions: Compared with ACTIV, VACTIV preserves all the mathematical algorithms, but provides the user with all the benefits of an interface, based on a graphical dialog. It allows him to make a quick intervention in the work of the program; in particular, to carry out the on-line control of the fitting process: depending on the intermediate results and using the visual form of data representation, to change the conditions for the fitting and so achieve the optimum performance, selecting the optimum strategy. To find the best conditions for the fitting one can compress the spectrum, delete the blunders from it, smooth it using a high-frequency spline filter and build the background using a low-frequency spline filter; use not only automatic methods for the blunder deletion, the peak search, the peak model forming and the calibration, but also use manual mouse clicking on the spectrum graph. Restrictions: To enhance the reliability and portability of the program the majority of the most important arrays have a static allocation; all the arrays are allocated with a surplus, and the total pool of the program is restricted only by the size of the computer virtual memory. A spectrum has the static size of 32 K real words. The maximum size of the least-square matrix is 314 (the maximum number of fitted parameters per one analyzed spectrum interval, not for the whole spectrum), from which it follows that the maximum number of peaks in one spectrum interval is 154. The maximum total number of peaks in the spectrum is not restricted. Running time: The calculation time is negligibly small compared with the time for the dialog; using ini-files the program can be partly used in a semi-dialog mode.

Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station.

PubMed

Adriani, O; Akaike, Y; Asano, K; Asaoka, Y; Bagliesi, M G; Bigongiari, G; Binns, W R; Bonechi, S; Bongi, M; Brogi, P; Buckley, J H; Cannady, N; Castellini, G; Checchia, C; Cherry, M L; Collazuol, G; Di Felice, V; Ebisawa, K; Fuke, H; Guzik, T G; Hams, T; Hareyama, M; Hasebe, N; Hibino, K; Ichimura, M; Ioka, K; Ishizaki, W; Israel, M H; Javaid, A; Kasahara, K; Kataoka, J; Kataoka, R; Katayose, Y; Kato, C; Kawanaka, N; Kawakubo, Y; Krawczynski, H S; Krizmanic, J F; Kuramata, S; Lomtadze, T; Maestro, P; Marrocchesi, P S; Messineo, A M; Mitchell, J W; Miyake, S; Mizutani, K; Moiseev, A A; Mori, K; Mori, M; Mori, N; Motz, H M; Munakata, K; Murakami, H; Nakahira, S; Nishimura, J; de Nolfo, G A; Okuno, S; Ormes, J F; Ozawa, S; Pacini, L; Palma, F; Papini, P; Penacchioni, A V; Rauch, B F; Ricciarini, S B; Sakai, K; Sakamoto, T; Sasaki, M; Shimizu, Y; Shiomi, A; Sparvoli, R; Spillantini, P; Stolzi, F; Takahashi, I; Takayanagi, M; Takita, M; Tamura, T; Tateyama, N; Terasawa, T; Tomida, H; Torii, S; Tsunesada, Y; Uchihori, Y; Ueno, S; Vannuccini, E; Wefel, J P; Yamaoka, K; Yanagita, S; Yoshida, A; Yoshida, K; Yuda, T

2017-11-03

First results of a cosmic-ray electron and positron spectrum from 10 GeV to 3 TeV is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the International Space Station starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron and positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 X_{0} and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of -3.152±0.016 (stat+syst). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis.

A method to eliminate the influence of incident light variations in spectral analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Yongshun; Li, Gang; Fu, Zhigang; Guan, Yang; Zhang, Shengzhao; Lin, Ling

2018-06-01

The intensity of the light source and consistency of the spectrum are the most important factors influencing the accuracy in quantitative spectrometric analysis. An efficient "measuring in layer" method was proposed in this paper to limit the influence of inconsistencies in the intensity and spectrum of the light source. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, a light source with a variable intensity and spectrum was designed according to Planck's law and Wien's displacement law. Intra-lipid samples with 12 different concentrations were prepared and divided into modeling sets and prediction sets according to different incident lights and solution concentrations. The spectra of each sample were measured with five different light intensities. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was effective in eliminating the influence caused by incident light changes and was more effective than normalized processing.

On the curious spectrum of duality invariant higher-derivative gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hohm, Olaf; Naseer, Usman; Zwiebach, Barton

2016-08-01

We analyze the spectrum of the exactly duality and gauge invariant higher-derivative double field theory. While this theory is based on a chiral CFT and does not correspond to a standard string theory, our analysis illuminates a number of issues central in string theory. The full quadratic action is rewritten as a two-derivative theory with additional fields. This allows for a simple analysis of the spectrum, which contains two massive spin-2 ghosts and massive scalars, in addition to the massless fields. Moreover, in this formulation, the massless or tensionless limit α ' → ∞ is non-singular and leads to an enhanced gauge symmetry. We show that the massive modes can be integrated out exactly at the quadratic level, leading to an infinite series of higher-derivative corrections. Finally, we present a ghost-free massive extension of linearized double field theory, which employs a novel mass term for the dilaton and metric.

DMD mutation spectrum analysis in 613 Chinese patients with dystrophinopathy.

PubMed

Guo, Ruolan; Zhu, Guosheng; Zhu, Huimin; Ma, Ruiyu; Peng, Ying; Liang, Desheng; Wu, Lingqian

2015-08-01

Dystrophinopathy is a group of inherited diseases caused by mutations in the DMD gene. Within the dystrophinopathy spectrum, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are common X-linked recessive disorders that mainly feature striated muscle necrosis. We combined multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification with Sanger sequencing to detect large deletions/duplications and point mutations in the DMD gene in 613 Chinese patients. A total of 571 (93.1%) patients were diagnosed, including 428 (69.8%) with large deletions/duplications and 143 (23.3%) with point mutations. Deletion/duplication breakpoints gathered mostly in introns 44-55. Reading frame rules could explain 88.6% of deletion mutations. We identified seventy novel point mutations that had not been previously reported. Spectrum expansion and genotype-phenotype analysis of DMD mutations on such a large sample size in Han Chinese population would provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanism underlying dystrophinopathies.

MOVING BEYOND COLOR: THE CASE FOR MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING IN BRIGHTFIELD PATHOLOGY.

PubMed

Cukierski, William J; Qi, Xin; Foran, David J

2009-01-01

A multispectral camera is capable of imaging a histologic slide at narrow bandwidths over the range of the visible spectrum. While several uses for multispectral imaging (MSI) have been demonstrated in pathology [1, 2], there is no unified consensus over when and how MSI might benefit automated analysis [3, 4]. In this work, we use a linear-algebra framework to investigate the relationship between the spectral image and its standard-image counterpart. The multispectral "cube" is treated as an extension of a traditional image in a high-dimensional color space. The concept of metamers is introduced and used to derive regions of the visible spectrum where MSI may provide an advantage. Furthermore, histological stains which are amenable to analysis by MSI are reported. We show the Commission internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) 1931 transformation from spectrum to color is non-neighborhood preserving. Empirical results are demonstrated on multispectral images of peripheral blood smears.

Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adriani, O.; Akaike, Y.; Asano, K.; Asaoka, Y.; Bagliesi, M. G.; Bigongiari, G.; Binns, W. R.; Bonechi, S.; Bongi, M.; Brogi, P.; Buckley, J. H.; Cannady, N.; Castellini, G.; Checchia, C.; Cherry, M. L.; Collazuol, G.; di Felice, V.; Ebisawa, K.; Fuke, H.; Guzik, T. G.; Hams, T.; Hareyama, M.; Hasebe, N.; Hibino, K.; Ichimura, M.; Ioka, K.; Ishizaki, W.; Israel, M. H.; Javaid, A.; Kasahara, K.; Kataoka, J.; Kataoka, R.; Katayose, Y.; Kato, C.; Kawanaka, N.; Kawakubo, Y.; Krawczynski, H. S.; Krizmanic, J. F.; Kuramata, S.; Lomtadze, T.; Maestro, P.; Marrocchesi, P. S.; Messineo, A. M.; Mitchell, J. W.; Miyake, S.; Mizutani, K.; Moiseev, A. A.; Mori, K.; Mori, M.; Mori, N.; Motz, H. M.; Munakata, K.; Murakami, H.; Nakahira, S.; Nishimura, J.; de Nolfo, G. A.; Okuno, S.; Ormes, J. F.; Ozawa, S.; Pacini, L.; Palma, F.; Papini, P.; Penacchioni, A. V.; Rauch, B. F.; Ricciarini, S. B.; Sakai, K.; Sakamoto, T.; Sasaki, M.; Shimizu, Y.; Shiomi, A.; Sparvoli, R.; Spillantini, P.; Stolzi, F.; Takahashi, I.; Takayanagi, M.; Takita, M.; Tamura, T.; Tateyama, N.; Terasawa, T.; Tomida, H.; Torii, S.; Tsunesada, Y.; Uchihori, Y.; Ueno, S.; Vannuccini, E.; Wefel, J. P.; Yamaoka, K.; Yanagita, S.; Yoshida, A.; Yoshida, K.; Yuda, T.; Calet Collaboration

2017-11-01

First results of a cosmic-ray electron and positron spectrum from 10 GeV to 3 TeV is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the International Space Station starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron and positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 X0 and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of -3.152 ±0.016 (stat+syst ). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis.

The energy spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured by the Telescope Array FADC fluorescence detectors in monocular mode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abu-Zayyad, T.; Aida, R.; Allen, M.; Anderson, R.; Azuma, R.; Barcikowski, E.; Belz, J. W.; Bergman, D. R.; Blake, S. A.; Cady, R.; Cheon, B. G.; Chiba, J.; Chikawa, M.; Cho, E. J.; Cho, W. R.; Fujii, H.; Fujii, T.; Fukuda, T.; Fukushima, M.; Hanlon, W.; Hayashi, K.; Hayashi, Y.; Hayashida, N.; Hibino, K.; Hiyama, K.; Honda, K.; Iguchi, T.; Ikeda, D.; Ikuta, K.; Inoue, N.; Ishii, T.; Ishimori, R.; Ito, H.; Ivanov, D.; Iwamoto, S.; Jui, C. C. H.; Kadota, K.; Kakimoto, F.; Kalashev, O.; Kanbe, T.; Kasahara, K.; Kawai, H.; Kawakami, S.; Kawana, S.; Kido, E.; Kim, H. B.; Kim, H. K.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, J. H.; Kitamoto, K.; Kitamura, S.; Kitamura, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kondo, Y.; Kuramoto, K.; Kuzmin, V.; Kwon, Y. J.; Lan, J.; Lim, S. I.; Lundquist, J. P.; Machida, S.; Martens, K.; Matsuda, T.; Matsuura, T.; Matsuyama, T.; Matthews, J. N.; Myers, I.; Minamino, M.; Miyata, K.; Murano, Y.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamura, T.; Nam, S. W.; Nonaka, T.; Ogio, S.; Ogura, J.; Ohnishi, M.; Ohoka, H.; Oki, K.; Oku, D.; Okuda, T.; Ono, M.; Oshima, A.; Ozawa, S.; Park, I. H.; Pshirkov, M. S.; Rodriguez, D. C.; Roh, S. Y.; Rubtsov, G.; Ryu, D.; Sagawa, H.; Sakurai, N.; Sampson, A. L.; Scott, L. M.; Shah, P. D.; Shibata, F.; Shibata, T.; Shimodaira, H.; Shin, B. K.; Shin, J. I.; Shirahama, T.; Smith, J. D.; Sokolsky, P.; Sonley, T. J.; Springer, R. W.; Stokes, B. T.; Stratton, S. R.; Stroman, T. A.; Suzuki, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Takeda, M.; Taketa, A.; Takita, M.; Tameda, Y.; Tanaka, H.; Tanaka, K.; Tanaka, M.; Thomas, S. B.; Thomson, G. B.; Tinyakov, P.; Tkachev, I.; Tokuno, H.; Tomida, T.; Troitsky, S.; Tsunesada, Y.; Tsutsumi, K.; Tsuyuguchi, Y.; Uchihori, Y.; Udo, S.; Ukai, H.; Vasiloff, G.; Wada, Y.; Wong, T.; Yamakawa, Y.; Yamane, R.; Yamaoka, H.; Yamazaki, K.; Yang, J.; Yoneda, Y.; Yoshida, S.; Yoshii, H.; Zollinger, R.; Zundel, Z.

2013-08-01

We present a measurement of the energy spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays performed by the Telescope Array experiment using monocular observations from its two new FADC-based fluorescence detectors. After a short description of the experiment, we describe the data analysis and event reconstruction procedures. Since the aperture of the experiment must be calculated by Monte Carlo simulation, we describe this calculation and the comparisons of simulated and real data used to verify the validity of the aperture calculation. Finally, we present the energy spectrum calculated from the merged monocular data sets of the two FADC-based detectors, and also the combination of this merged spectrum with an independent, previously published monocular spectrum measurement performed by Telescope Array's third fluorescence detector [T. Abu-Zayyad et al., The energy spectrum of Telescope Array's middle drum detector and the direct comparison to the high resolution fly's eye experiment, Astroparticle Physics 39 (2012) 109-119, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.05.012, Available from: ]. This combined spectrum corroborates the recently published Telescope Array surface detector spectrum [T. Abu-Zayyad, et al., The cosmic-ray energy spectrum observed with the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment, ApJ 768 (2013) L1, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/768/1/L1, Available from: ] with independent systematic uncertainties.

Turbulent transport measurements with a laser Doppler velocimeter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, R. V.; Angus, J. C.; Dunning, J. W., Jr.

1972-01-01

The power spectrum of phototube current from a laser Doppler velocimeter operating in the heterodyne mode has been computed. The spectrum is obtained in terms of the space time correlation function of the fluid. The spectral width and shape predicted by the theory are in agreement with experiment. For normal operating parameters the time average spectrum contains information only for times shorter than the Lagrangian integral time scale of the turbulence. To examine the long time behavior, one must use either extremely small scattering angles, much longer wavelength radiation or a different mode of signal analysis, e.g., FM detection.

Condensed-Phase Processes during Solid Propellant Combustion. 3. Preliminary Depth-Profiling Studies on XM39, JA2, M9, M30, and HMX2

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-01

are listed in Schroeder et al. (1992). Wilmot et al. (1981) and Sharma et al. (1991) describe the chemical analysis of the burned surface of nitrate...below the surface (spectrum(b)) and are totally absent from the spectrum(c) of the region 40-80 pm below the surface CF (spectrum(d)). This suggests...Proving Ground, MD, May 1992. (AD-A250 799) Sharma, J., G. B. Wilmot , A. A. Campolattaro, and F. Santiago. "XPS Study of Condensed Phase Combustion in

Defocus-corrected analysis of the foveal Stiles-Crawford effect of the first kind across the visible spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lochocki, Benjamin; Vohnsen, Brian

2013-12-01

The Stiles-Crawford effect of the first kind describes a gradually diminished visibility of light that enters the eye towards the pupil rim. Although of retinal origin, it is commonly described by a Gaussian pupil apodization whose width is determined by a directionality parameter that depends on retinal eccentricity, wavelength and spatial coherence of the light. As the measurements are done psychophysically they are prone to subjective variations and difficult to obtain across the visible spectrum. In this work, requirements for accurate refractive correction when determining the directionality parameter at any given wavelength are discussed and we show that a current-controlled tunable liquid-polymer lens provides a convenient means to accomplish this without requiring mechanical readjustments. This may be the most convenient way to combat defocus across the visible spectrum in the analysis of the Stiles-Crawford effect as demonstrated through experiments and with a detailed Zemax eye-and-system analysis. The results obtained are discussed in relation to myopia and a reduced directionality for highly myopic eyes.

Multifractal diffusion entropy analysis: Optimal bin width of probability histograms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jizba, Petr; Korbel, Jan

2014-11-01

In the framework of Multifractal Diffusion Entropy Analysis we propose a method for choosing an optimal bin-width in histograms generated from underlying probability distributions of interest. The method presented uses techniques of Rényi’s entropy and the mean squared error analysis to discuss the conditions under which the error in the multifractal spectrum estimation is minimal. We illustrate the utility of our approach by focusing on a scaling behavior of financial time series. In particular, we analyze the S&P500 stock index as sampled at a daily rate in the time period 1950-2013. In order to demonstrate a strength of the method proposed we compare the multifractal δ-spectrum for various bin-widths and show the robustness of the method, especially for large values of q. For such values, other methods in use, e.g., those based on moment estimation, tend to fail for heavy-tailed data or data with long correlations. Connection between the δ-spectrum and Rényi’s q parameter is also discussed and elucidated on a simple example of multiscale time series.

Dynamics Evolution Investigation of Mack Mode Instability in a Hypersonic Boundary Layer by Bicoherence Spectrum Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Jian; Jiang, Nan

2012-07-01

The instability of a hypersonic boundary layer on a cone is investigated by bicoherence spectrum analysis. The experiment is conducted at Mach number 6 in a hypersonic wind tunnel. The time series signals of instantaneous fluctuating surface-thermal-flux are measured by Pt-thin-film thermocouple temperature sensors mounted at 28 stations on the cone surface along streamwise direction to investigate the development of the unstable disturbances. The bicoherence spectrum analysis based on wavelet transform is employed to investigate the nonlinear interactions of the instability of Mack modes in hypersonic laminar boundary layer transition. The results show that wavelet bicoherence is a powerful tool in studying the unstable mode nonlinear interaction of hypersonic laminar-turbulent transition. The first mode instability gives rise to frequency shifts to higher unstable modes at the early stage of hypersonic laminar-turbulent transition. The modulations subsequently lead to the second mode instability occurrence. The second mode instability governs the last stage of instability and final breakdown to turbulence with multi-scale disturbances growth.

Crystal growth, electronic structure and optical properties of Sr2Mg(BO3)2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lv, Xianshun; Wei, Lei; Wang, Xuping; Xu, Jianhua; Yu, Huajian; Hu, Yanyan; Zhang, Huadi; Zhang, Cong; Wang, Jiyang; Li, Qinggang

2018-02-01

Single crystals of Sr2Mg(BO3)2 (SMBO) were grown by Kyropoulos method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission spectrum, thermal properties, band structure, density of states and charge distribution as well as Raman spectra of SMBO were described. The as-grown SMBO crystals show wide transparency range with UV cut-off below 180 nm. A direct band gap of 4.66 eV was obtained from the calculated electronic structure results. The calculated band structure and density of states results indicated the top valence band is determined by O 2p states whereas the low conduction band mainly consists of Sr 5s states. Twelve Raman peaks were observed in the experimental spectrum, fewer than the number predicted by the site group analysis. Raman peaks of SMBO were assigned combining first-principle calculation and site group analysis results. The strongest peak at 917 cm-1 in the experimental spectrum is assigned to symmetric stretching mode A1‧(ν1) of free BO3 units. SMBO is a potential Raman crystal which can be used in deep UV laser frequency conversion.

Comparison of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Rake Receiver with a Maximum Ratio Combining Multicarrier Spread Spectrum Receiver

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daryl Leon Wasden; Hussein Moradi; Behrouz Farhang-Broujeny

2014-06-01

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the performance of a filter bank-based multicarrier spread spectrum (FB-MC-SS) system. We consider an FB-MC-SS setup where each data symbol is spread across multiple subcarriers, but there is no spreading in time. The results are then compared with those of the well-known direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) system with a rake receiver for its best performance. We compare the two systems when the channel noise is white. We prove that as the processing gains of the two systems tend to infinity both approach the same performance. However, numerical simulations show that, in practice,more » where processing gain is limited, FB-MC-SS outperforms DS-SS.« less

Analysis of the M-shell spectra emitted by a short-pulse laser-created tantalum plasma

PubMed

Busquet; Jiang; Coinsertion Markte CY; Kieffer; Klapisch; Bar-Shalom; Bauche-Arnoult; Bachelier

2000-01-01

The spectrum of tantalum emitted by a subpicosecond laser-created plasma, was recorded in the regions of the 3d-5f, 3d-4f, and 3d-4p transitions. The main difference with a nanosecond laser-created plasma spectrum is a broad understructure appearing under the 3d-5f transitions. An interpretation of this feature as a density effect is proposed. The supertransition array model is used for interpreting the spectrum, assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) at some effective temperature. An interpretation of the 3d-4f spectrum using the more detailed unresolved transition array formalism, which does not assume LTE, is also proposed. Fitted contributions of the different ionic species differ slightly from the LTE-predicted values.

Linking Antisocial Behavior, Substance Use, and Personality: An Integrative Quantitative Model of the Adult Externalizing Spectrum

PubMed Central

Krueger, Robert F.; Markon, Kristian E.; Patrick, Christopher J.; Benning, Stephen D.; Kramer, Mark D.

2008-01-01

Antisocial behavior, substance use, and impulsive and aggressive personality traits often co-occur, forming a coherent spectrum of personality and psychopathology. In the current research, the authors developed a novel quantitative model of this spectrum. Over 3 waves of iterative data collection, 1,787 adult participants selected to represent a range across the externalizing spectrum provided extensive data about specific externalizing behaviors. Statistical methods such as item response theory and semiparametric factor analysis were used to model these data. The model and assessment instrument that emerged from the research shows how externalizing phenomena are organized hierarchically and cover a wide range of individual differences. The authors discuss the utility of this model for framing research on the correlates and the etiology of externalizing phenomena. PMID:18020714

Spectrum image analysis tool - A flexible MATLAB solution to analyze EEL and CL spectrum images.

PubMed

Schmidt, Franz-Philipp; Hofer, Ferdinand; Krenn, Joachim R

2017-02-01

Spectrum imaging techniques, gaining simultaneously structural (image) and spectroscopic data, require appropriate and careful processing to extract information of the dataset. In this article we introduce a MATLAB based software that uses three dimensional data (EEL/CL spectrum image in dm3 format (Gatan Inc.'s DigitalMicrograph ® )) as input. A graphical user interface enables a fast and easy mapping of spectral dependent images and position dependent spectra. First, data processing such as background subtraction, deconvolution and denoising, second, multiple display options including an EEL/CL moviemaker and, third, the applicability on a large amount of data sets with a small work load makes this program an interesting tool to visualize otherwise hidden details. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The stellar wind of an O8.5 I(f) star in M 31

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haser, S. M.; Lennon, D. J.; Kudritzki, R.-P.; Puls, J.; Pauldrach, A. W. A.; Bianchi, L.; Hutchings, J. B.

1995-01-01

We rediscuss the UV spectrum of OB 78#231, an O8.5 I(f) star in the Andromeda galaxy M 31, which has been obtained with the Faint Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope by Hutchings et al. (1992). The spectrum has been re-extracted with better knowledge of background, calibration, and scattered light. The empirical analysis of the stellar wind lines results in a terminal velocity and mass loss rate similar to those typically found in comparable galactic objects. Furthermore, a comparison with an FOS spectrum of an O7 supergiant in the Small Magellanic Cloud and IUE spectra of galactic objects implies a metallicity close to galactic counterparts. These results are confirmed quantitatively by spectrum synthesis calculations using a theoretical description of O-star winds.

Suzaku Observations of the Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 3C390.3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sambruna, rita

2007-01-01

We present the results of a 100ks Suzaku observation of the BLRG 3C390.3. The observations were performed to attempt to disentangle the contributions to the X-ray emission of this galaxy from an AGN and a jet component, via variability and/or the spectrum. The source was detected at high energies up to 80 keV, with a complex 0.3--80keV spectrum. Preliminary analysis of the data shows significant flux variability, with the largest amplitudes at higher energies. Deconvolution of the spectrum shows that, besides a standard Seyfert-like spectrum dominating the 0.3--8keV emission, an additional, hard power law component is required, dominating the emission above 10 keV. We attribute this component to a variable jet.

A preliminary measurement of the cosmic microwave background spectrum by the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mather, J. C.; Cheng, E. S.; Shafer, R. A.; Bennett, C. L.; Boggess, N. W.; Dwek, E.; Hauser, M. G.; Kelsall, T.; Moseley, S. H., Jr.; Silverberg, R. F.

1990-01-01

A preliminary spectrum is presented of the background radiation between 1 and 20/cm from regions near the north Galactic pole, as observed by the FIRAS instrument on the COBE satellite. The spectral resolution is 1/cm. The spectrum is well fitted by a blackbody with a temperature of 2.735 + or - 0.06 K, and the deviation from a blackbody is less than 1 percent of the peak intensity over the range 1-20/cm. These new data show no evidence for the submillimeter excess previously reported by Matsumoto et al. (1988) in the cosmic microwave background. Further analysis and additional data are expected to improve the sensitivity to deviations from a blackbody spectrum by an order of magnitude.

Brief Report: Clusters and Trajectories Across the Autism and/or ADHD Spectrum.

PubMed

LaBianca, S; Pagsberg, A K; Jakobsen, K D; Demur, A B; Bartalan, M; LaBianca, J; Werge, T

2018-06-07

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur and show high genetic correlation. With the introduction of DSM-5, there is a new concept of an ASD and/or ADHD spectrum (ASD/ADHD). This study aimed to identify predictors of severity and need of healthcare within this spectrum. 39 families with multiple individuals affected by ASD/ADHD were recruited from a psychiatric clinic. Diagnoses, functional and demographic characteristics were retrieved from journals while hospital admissions were identified in the Danish health register. An estimated fraction of 31% ASD/ADHD patients had never been hospitalized and 35% remained undiagnosed despite hospitalization. Cluster analysis identified trajectories that discriminate age of diagnosis, educational attainment to degree of severity, need of hospitalization and genetic risk.

Design and fabrication of cascaded dichromate gelatin holographic filters for spectrum-splitting PV systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Yuechen; Chrysler, Benjamin; Kostuk, Raymond K.

2018-01-01

The technique of designing, optimizing, and fabricating broadband volume transmission holograms using dichromate gelatin (DCG) is summarized for solar spectrum-splitting applications. The spectrum-splitting photovoltaic (PV) system uses a series of single-bandgap PV cells that have different spectral conversion efficiency properties to more fully utilize the solar spectrum. In such a system, one or more high-performance optical filters are usually required to split the solar spectrum and efficiently send them to the corresponding PV cells. An ideal spectral filter should have a rectangular shape with sharp transition wavelengths. A methodology of designing and modeling a transmission DCG hologram using coupled wave analysis for different PV bandgap combinations is described. To achieve a broad diffraction bandwidth and sharp cutoff wavelength, a cascaded structure of multiple thick holograms is described. A search algorithm is then developed to optimize both single- and two-layer cascaded holographic spectrum-splitting elements for the best bandgap combinations of two- and three-junction spectrum-splitting photovoltaic (SSPV) systems illuminated under the AM1.5 solar spectrum. The power conversion efficiencies of the optimized systems are found to be 42.56% and 48.41%, respectively, using the detailed balance method, and show an improvement compared with a tandem multijunction system. A fabrication method for cascaded DCG holographic filters is also described and used to prototype the optimized filter for the three-junction SSPV system.

Comparing service use and costs among adolescents with autism spectrum disorders, special needs and typical development.

PubMed

Barrett, Barbara; Mosweu, Iris; Jones, Catherine Rg; Charman, Tony; Baird, Gillian; Simonoff, Emily; Pickles, Andrew; Happé, Francesca; Byford, Sarah

2015-07-01

Autism spectrum disorder is a complex condition that requires specialised care. Knowledge of the costs of autism spectrum disorder, especially in comparison with other conditions, may be useful to galvanise policymakers and leverage investment in education and intervention to mitigate aspects of autism spectrum disorder that negatively impact individuals with the disorder and their families. This article describes the services and associated costs for four groups of individuals: adolescents with autistic disorder, adolescents with other autism spectrum disorders, adolescents with other special educational needs and typically developing adolescents using data from a large, well-characterised cohort assessed as part of the UK Special Needs and Autism Project at the age of 12 years. Average total costs per participant over 6 months were highest in the autistic disorder group (£11,029), followed by the special educational needs group (£9268), the broader autism spectrum disorder group (£8968) and the typically developing group (£2954). Specialised day or residential schooling accounted for the vast majority of costs. In regression analysis, lower age and lower adaptive functioning were associated with higher costs in the groups with an autism spectrum disorder. Sex, ethnicity, number of International Classification of Diseases (10th revision) symptoms, autism spectrum disorder symptom scores and levels of mental health difficulties were not associated with cost. © The Author(s) 2014.

On the Power Spectrum of Motor Unit Action Potential Trains Synchronized With Mechanical Vibration.

PubMed

Romano, Maria; Fratini, Antonio; Gargiulo, Gaetano D; Cesarelli, Mario; Iuppariello, Luigi; Bifulco, Paolo

2018-03-01

This study provides a definitive analysis of the spectrum of a motor unit action potential train (MUAPT) elicited by mechanical vibratory stimulation via a detailed and concise mathematical formulation. Experimental studies demonstrated that MUAPs are not exactly synchronized with the vibratory stimulus but show a variable latency jitter, whose effects have not been investigated yet. Synchronized action potential train was represented as a quasi-periodic sequence of a given MU waveform. The latency jitter of action potentials was modeled as a Gaussian stochastic process, in accordance to the previous experimental studies. A mathematical expression for power spectrum of a synchronized MUAPT has been derived. The spectrum comprises a significant continuous component and discrete components at the vibratory frequency and its harmonics. Their relevance is correlated to the level of synchronization: the weaker the synchronization the more relevant is the continuous spectrum. Electromyography (EMG) rectification enhances the discrete components. The derived equations have general validity and well describe the power spectrum of actual EMG recordings during vibratory stimulation. Results are obtained by appropriately setting the level of synchronization and vibration frequency. This paper definitively clarifies the nature of changes in spectrum of raw EMG recordings from muscles undergoing vibratory stimulation. Results confirm the need of motion artifact filtering for raw EMG recordings during stimulation and strongly suggest to avoid EMG rectification that significantly alters the spectrum characteristics.

Novel near-infrared spectrum analysis tool: Synergy adaptive moving window model based on immune clone algorithm.

PubMed

Wang, Shenghao; Zhang, Yuyan; Cao, Fuyi; Pei, Zhenying; Gao, Xuewei; Zhang, Xu; Zhao, Yong

2018-02-13

This paper presents a novel spectrum analysis tool named synergy adaptive moving window modeling based on immune clone algorithm (SA-MWM-ICA) considering the tedious and inconvenient labor involved in the selection of pre-processing methods and spectral variables by prior experience. In this work, immune clone algorithm is first introduced into the spectrum analysis field as a new optimization strategy, covering the shortage of the relative traditional methods. Based on the working principle of the human immune system, the performance of the quantitative model is regarded as antigen, and a special vector corresponding to the above mentioned antigen is regarded as antibody. The antibody contains a pre-processing method optimization region which is created by 11 decimal digits, and a spectrum variable optimization region which is formed by some moving windows with changeable width and position. A set of original antibodies are created by modeling with this algorithm. After calculating the affinity of these antibodies, those with high affinity will be selected to clone. The regulation for cloning is that the higher the affinity, the more copies will be. In the next step, another import operation named hyper-mutation is applied to the antibodies after cloning. Moreover, the regulation for hyper-mutation is that the lower the affinity, the more possibility will be. Several antibodies with high affinity will be created on the basis of these steps. Groups of simulated dataset, gasoline near-infrared spectra dataset, and soil near-infrared spectra dataset are employed to verify and illustrate the performance of SA-MWM-ICA. Analysis results show that the performance of the quantitative models adopted by SA-MWM-ICA are better especially for structures with relatively complex spectra than traditional models such as partial least squares (PLS), moving window PLS (MWPLS), genetic algorithm PLS (GAPLS), and pretreatment method classification and adjustable parameter changeable size moving window PLS (CA-CSMWPLS). The selected pre-processing methods and spectrum variables are easily explained. The proposed method will converge in few generations and can be used not only for near-infrared spectroscopy analysis but also for other similar spectral analysis, such as infrared spectroscopy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Characterizing Objective Quality of Life and Normative Outcomes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop-Fitzpatrick, Lauren; Hong, Jinkuk; Smith, Leann E.; Makuch, Renee A.; Greenberg, Jan S.; Mailick, Marsha R.

2016-01-01

This study aims to extend the definition of quality of life (QoL) for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 180, ages 23-60) by: (1) characterizing the heterogeneity of normative outcomes (employment, independent living, social engagement) and objective QoL (physical health, neighborhood quality, family contact, mental health issues); and…

Bringing ABA into Your Inclusive Classroom: A Guide to Improving Outcomes for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leach, Debra

2010-01-01

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a highly effective, rigorously researched intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders--but most teachers don't get the training they need to put it to work in their inclusive classroom. That's why every K-12 educator needs this practical guidebook, packed with teaching plans and plain-English…

Evaluation of a Biofeedback Intervention in College Students Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westlake, Garret

2013-01-01

This study used exploratory data analysis (EDA) to examine the use of a biofeedback intervention in the treatment of anxiety for college students diagnosed with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (n = 10) and in a typical college population (n = 37). The use of EDA allowed for trends to emerge from the data and provided a foundation for future…

Public School-Based Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Bruin, Catriona L.; Deppeler, Joanne M.; Moore, Dennis W.; Diamond, Neil T.

2013-01-01

This article reviews research on the effectiveness of four categories of intervention when implemented in public schools with adolescents and young adults diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. The study's inclusionary criteria include a setting of public schools, participants aged between 12 and 22 years, and the investigation of an…

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 in a Sample of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pandolfi, Vincent; Magyar, Caroline I.; Dill, Charles A.

2009-01-01

Validity studies of measures for emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) for use with preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are lacking. The Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL; Achenbach and Rescorla, Manual for the ASEBA Preschool Forms & Profiles. VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, and…

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Symptom or Syndrome?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sinzig, Judith; Walter, Daniel; Doepfner, Manfred

2009-01-01

Objective: This study aims to evaluate ADHD-like symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on single-item analysis, as well as the comparison of two ASD subsamples of children with ADHD (ASD+) and without ADHD (ASD-). Methods: Participants are 83 children with ASD. Dimensional and categorical aspects of ADHD are evaluated…

Examination of Bidirectional Relationships between Parent Stress and Two Types of Problem Behavior in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaidman-Zait, Anat; Mirenda, Pat; Duku, Eric; Szatmari, Peter; Georgiades, Stelios; Volden, Joanne; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Bryson, Susan; Smith, Isabel; Fombonne, Eric; Roberts, Wendy; Waddell, Charlotte; Thompson, Ann

2014-01-01

Path analysis within a structural equation modeling framework was employed to examine the relationships between two types of parent stress and children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors over a 4-year period, in a sample of 184 mothers of young children with autism spectrum disorder. Parent stress was measured with the Parenting Stress…

Does Compare-Contrast Text Structure Help Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder Comprehend Science Text?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carnahan, Christina R.; Williamson, Pamela S.

2013-01-01

Using a single-subject reversal design, this study evaluated the use of a compare-contrast strategy on the ability of students with autism spectrum disorder to comprehend science text. Three middle school students with high-functioning autism and their teacher participated in this study. A content analysis comparing the number of meaning units in…

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Two Commonly Used Discrete Trial Procedures for Teaching Receptive Discrimination to Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gutierrez, Anibal, Jr.; Hale, Melissa N.; O'Brien, Heather A.; Fischer, Aaron J.; Durocher, Jennifer S.; Alessandri, Michael

2009-01-01

Discrete trial teaching procedures have been demonstrated to be effective in teaching a variety of important skills for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although all discrete trial programs are based in the principles of applied behavior analysis, some variability exists between programs with regards to the precise teaching…

Fictional Narratives about Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Focus Group Analysis and Insight

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardon, Teresa; Kelley, Jane E.

2016-01-01

Given the CDC's report of a 30% increase in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses over the past two years, it is important to increase awareness and educate teachers and students in both general and special education classrooms. One way to bridge the gap between students with and without ASD is to use authentic narrative fiction as a teaching…

A Meta-Analytic Review of the Efficacy of Physical Exercise Interventions on Cognition in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Beron W. Z.; Pooley, Julie A.; Speelman, Craig P.

2016-01-01

This review evaluates the efficacy of using physical exercise interventions on improving cognitive functions in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This review includes a meta-analysis based on a random-effects model of data reported in 22 studies with 579 participants aged…

Adherence to Treatment in a Behavioral Intervention Curriculum for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Timothy R.; Symons, Frank J.

2011-01-01

Parents (N = 21) of children with autism spectrum disorders responded to a survey on adherence to skills instruction and problem behavior management strategies they had previously been observed to master in a standardized training curriculum based on the principles of applied behavior analysis. Survey items were guided by existing models of and…

Analysis of the Fourier Spectrum of the ν2 Inversion Band of the 15NHD2 Molecule

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fomchenko, A. L.; Belova, A. S.; Bekhtereva, E. S.; Kwabia Tchana, F.

2018-06-01

To determine high-resolution rovibrational levels of the inversion vibrational (v2 = 1) state of the 15NHD2 molecule, the Fourier spectrum in the range from 650 to 1150 cm-1 is studied. The data obtained are used to determine the parameters of the effective Hamiltonian of the examined molecule.

"Just Wait Then and See What He Does": A Speech Act Analysis of Healthcare Professionals' Interaction Coaching with Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKnight, Lindsay M.; O'Malley-Keighran, Mary-Pat; Carroll, Clare

2016-01-01

Background: There is evidence indicating that parent training programmes including interaction coaching of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can increase parental responsiveness, promote language development and social interaction skills in children with ASD. However, there is a lack of research exploring precisely how…

Bullying and Victimization Experiences of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Pei-Yu; Schwartz, Ilene S.

2012-01-01

We explored bullying and victimization experienced by third- to fifth-grade students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), by surveying students with ASD, their parents, and their teachers. A total of 25 triads, each including one student with ASD, one of the student's parents, and one teacher, were involved in data analysis. We found that all…

A Review of Treatments for Deficits in Social Skills and Self-Help Skills in Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Lorna; Healy, Olive

2012-01-01

Deficits in social skills and self-help skills present significant challenges for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Much research in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) has been devoted to treatments for deficits in social skills and there exist a number of extensive reviews on the research in this area. Some research has…

Disrupted Stimulus Control but Not Reward Sensitivity in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Matching Law Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Phil; Hawthorn, Rose; Bolger, Sam; Meredith, Katie; Bishop, Ruth

2012-01-01

The matching law suggests that behavior is emitted in proportion to the level of reinforcement available. The current study investigated this effect in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and focused on the effects of magnitude of reinforcement (Study 1), and rate of reinforcement (Studies 2 and 3), on matching performance. Studies 1…

Exploration of Integrated Visible to Near-, Shortwave-, and Longwave-Infrared (Full-Range) Spectral Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

4 Figure 2. The four fundamental energy interactions with matter (from Olsen, 2014). ..... 4 Figure 3. Comparison of Blackbody, Graybody...15 Figure 10. Mineral maps of Comstock mining district around Virginia City, Nevada (from Vaughan & Calvin...23 Figure 13. Comparison of SEBASS emissivity spectrum (hydrothermal silica, Cuprite, NV) and laboratory spectrum of quartz (JHU Minerals

Social Network Analysis of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Predictors of Fragmentation and Connectivity in Elementary School Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Ariana; Locke, Jill; Kretzmann, Mark; Kasari, Connie

2016-01-01

Although children with autism spectrum disorder are frequently included in mainstream classrooms, it is not known how their social networks change compared to typically developing children and whether the factors predictive of this change may be unique. This study identified and compared predictors of social connectivity of children with and…

Using a Behavioral Skills Training Package to Teach Conversation Skills to Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nuernberger, Jodi E.; Ringdahl, Joel E.; Vargo, Kristina K.; Crumpecker, Anna C.; Gunnarsson, Karl F.

2013-01-01

A behavioral skills training package was used to teach vocal and non-vocal conversation skills to young adults with autism spectrum disorders. A task analysis was created and verified that included both vocal conversation skills such as making comments related to the conversation topic, and non-vocal conversation skills such as maintaining…

Spread-spectrum multiple access using wideband noncoherent MFSK

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ha, Tri T.; Pratt, Timothy; Maggenti, Mark A.

1987-01-01

Two spread-spectrum multiple access systems which use wideband M-ary frequency shift keying (FSK) (MFSK) as the primary modulation are presented. A bit error rate performance analysis is presented and system throughput is calculated for sample C band and Ku band satellite systems. Sample link analyses are included to illustrate power and adjacent satellite interference considerations in practical multiple access systems.

Brief Report: Social Disability in Autism Spectrum Disorder--Results from Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology (RUPP) Autism Network Trials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scahill, Lawrence; Hallett, Victoria; Aman, Michael G.; McDougle, Christopher J.; Arnold, L. Eugene; McCracken, James T.; Tierney, Elaine; Deng, Yanhong; Dziura, James; Vitiello, Benedetto

2013-01-01

There is growing interest in measuring social disability as a core element of autism spectrum disorders in medication trials. We conducted a secondary analysis on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist Social Withdrawal subscale using data from two federally-funded, multi-site, randomized trials with risperidone. Study 1 included 52 subjects assigned to…

Compensation of the Ionospheric Effects on SAR Interferogram Based on Range Split-Spectrum and Azimuth Offset Methods - a Case Study of Yushu Earthquake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Y. F.; Zhu, W.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, W. T.

2018-04-01

InSAR technique can measure the surface deformation with the accuracy of centimeter-level or even millimeter and therefore has been widely used in the deformation monitoring associated with earthquakes, volcanoes, and other geologic process. However, ionospheric irregularities can lead to the wavy fringes in the low frequency SAR interferograms, which disturb the actual information of geophysical processes and thus put severe limitations on ground deformations measurements. In this paper, an application of two common methods, the range split-spectrum and azimuth offset methods are exploited to estimate the contributions of the ionosphere, with the aim to correct ionospheric effects in interferograms. Based on the theoretical analysis and experiment, a performance analysis is conducted to evaluate the efficiency of these two methods. The result indicates that both methods can mitigate the ionospheric effect in SAR interferograms and the range split-spectrum method is more precise than the other one. However, it is also found that the range split-spectrum is easily contaminated by the noise, and the achievable accuracy of the azimuth offset method is limited by the ambiguous integral constant, especially with the strong azimuth variations induced by the ionosphere disturbance.

Analysis on the multi-dimensional spectrum of the thrust force for the linear motor feed drive system in machine tools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Xiaojun; Lu, Dun; Ma, Chengfang; Zhang, Jun; Zhao, Wanhua

2017-01-01

The motor thrust force has lots of harmonic components due to the nonlinearity of drive circuit and motor itself in the linear motor feed drive system. What is more, in the motion process, these thrust force harmonics may vary with the position, velocity, acceleration and load, which affects the displacement fluctuation of the feed drive system. Therefore, in this paper, on the basis of the thrust force spectrum obtained by the Maxwell equation and the electromagnetic energy method, the multi-dimensional variation of each thrust harmonic is analyzed under different motion parameters. Then the model of the servo system is established oriented to the dynamic precision. The influence of the variation of the thrust force spectrum on the displacement fluctuation is discussed. At last the experiments are carried out to verify the theoretical analysis above. It can be found that the thrust harmonics show multi-dimensional spectrum characteristics under different motion parameters and loads, which should be considered to choose the motion parameters and optimize the servo control parameters in the high-speed and high-precision machine tools equipped with the linear motor feed drive system.

Analysis of the S{sub 2}←S{sub 0} vibronic spectrum of the ortho-cyanophenol dimer using a multimode vibronic coupling approach

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kopec, Sabine; Köppel, Horst; Ottiger, Philipp

2015-02-28

The S{sub 2}←S{sub 0} vibronic spectrum of the ortho-cyanophenol dimer (oCP){sub 2} is analyzed in a joint experimental and theoretical investigation. Vibronic excitation energies up to 750 cm{sup −1} are covered, which extends our previous analysis of the quenching of the excitonic splitting in this and related species [Kopec et al., J. Chem. Phys. 137, 184312 (2012)]. As we demonstrate, this necessitates an extension of the coupling model. Accordingly, we compute the potential energy surfaces of the ortho-cyanophenol dimer (oCP){sub 2} along all relevant normal modes using the approximate second-order coupled cluster method RI-CC2 and extract the corresponding coupling constantsmore » using the linear and quadratic vibronic coupling scheme. These serve as the basis to calculate the vibronic spectrum. The theoretical results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental highly resolved resonant two-photon ionization spectrum. This allows to interpret key features of the excitonic and vibronic interactions in terms of nodal patterns of the underlying vibronic wave functions.« less

Electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base station - variability analysis.

PubMed

Bienkowski, Pawel; Zubrzak, Bartlomiej

2015-09-01

The article describes the character of electromagnetic field (EMF) in mobile phone base station (BS) surroundings and its variability in time with an emphasis on the measurement difficulties related to its pulse and multi-frequency nature. Work also presents long-term monitoring measurements performed recently in different locations in Poland - small city with dispersed building development and in major polish city - dense urban area. Authors tried to determine the trends in changing of EMF spectrum analyzing daily changes of measured EMF levels in those locations. Research was performed using selective electromagnetic meters and also EMF meter with spectrum analysis.

Piping benchmark problems. Volume 1. Dynamic analysis uniform support motion response spectrum method

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bezler, P.; Hartzman, M.; Reich, M.

1980-08-01

A set of benchmark problems and solutions have been developed for verifying the adequacy of computer programs used for dynamic analysis and design of nuclear piping systems by the Response Spectrum Method. The problems range from simple to complex configurations which are assumed to experience linear elastic behavior. The dynamic loading is represented by uniform support motion, assumed to be induced by seismic excitation in three spatial directions. The solutions consist of frequencies, participation factors, nodal displacement components and internal force and moment components. Solutions to associated anchor point motion static problems are not included.

An evaluation method for nanoscale wrinkle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Y. P.; Wang, C. G.; Zhang, L. M.; Tan, H. F.

2016-06-01

In this paper, a spectrum-based wrinkling analysis method via two-dimensional Fourier transformation is proposed aiming to solve the difficulty of nanoscale wrinkle evaluation. It evaluates the wrinkle characteristics including wrinkling wavelength and direction simply using a single wrinkling image. Based on this method, the evaluation results of nanoscale wrinkle characteristics show agreement with the open experimental results within an error of 6%. It is also verified to be appropriate for the macro wrinkle evaluation without scale limitations. The spectrum-based wrinkling analysis is an effective method for nanoscale evaluation, which contributes to reveal the mechanism of nanoscale wrinkling.

Spectroscopy of hot subdwarf binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreuzer, Simon; Irrgang, Andreas; Heber, Ulrich

2018-06-01

We present a status report of our spectroscopic analysis of subdwarf binaries consisting of a subdwarf and a F/G/K-type main-sequence companion. These systems selected from SDSS photometry show significant excess in the (infra-)red which can not be explained by interstellar reddening. Inspection of SDSS spectra revealed that most of them are composite spectrum sdB binaries. Once their spectra are disentangled, a detailed spectral analysis can be carried out. It reveals Teff, log g and the metal abundance of each individual star. The cool companion is of particular interest, because its spectrum reveals the original chemical composition of the binary.

Nonlinear single-spin spectrum analyzer.

PubMed

Kotler, Shlomi; Akerman, Nitzan; Glickman, Yinnon; Ozeri, Roee

2013-03-15

Qubits have been used as linear spectrum analyzers of their environments. Here we solve the problem of nonlinear spectral analysis, required for discrete noise induced by a strongly coupled environment. Our nonperturbative analytical model shows a nonlinear signal dependence on noise power, resulting in a spectral resolution beyond the Fourier limit as well as frequency mixing. We develop a noise characterization scheme adapted to this nonlinearity. We then apply it using a single trapped ion as a sensitive probe of strong, non-Gaussian, discrete magnetic field noise. Finally, we experimentally compared the performance of equidistant vs Uhrig modulation schemes for spectral analysis.

Quantum walks with an anisotropic coin I: spectral theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Richard, S.; Suzuki, A.; Tiedra de Aldecoa, R.

2018-02-01

We perform the spectral analysis of the evolution operator U of quantum walks with an anisotropic coin, which include one-defect models, two-phase quantum walks, and topological phase quantum walks as special cases. In particular, we determine the essential spectrum of U, we show the existence of locally U-smooth operators, we prove the discreteness of the eigenvalues of U outside the thresholds, and we prove the absence of singular continuous spectrum for U. Our analysis is based on new commutator methods for unitary operators in a two-Hilbert spaces setting, which are of independent interest.

What can be found in scalp EEG spectrum beyond common frequency bands. EEG-fMRI study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marecek, R.; Lamos, M.; Mikl, M.; Barton, M.; Fajkus, J.; I, Rektor; Brazdil, M.

2016-08-01

Objective. The scalp EEG spectrum is a frequently used marker of neural activity. Commonly, the preprocessing of EEG utilizes constraints, e.g. dealing with a predefined subset of electrodes or a predefined frequency band of interest. Such treatment of the EEG spectrum neglects the fact that particular neural processes may be reflected in several frequency bands and/or several electrodes concurrently, and can overlook the complexity of the structure of the EEG spectrum. Approach. We showed that the EEG spectrum structure can be described by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), a method which blindly uncovers the spatial-temporal-spectral patterns of EEG. We used an algorithm based on variational Bayesian statistics to reveal nine patterns from the EEG of 38 healthy subjects, acquired during a semantic decision task. The patterns reflected neural activity synchronized across theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands and spread over many electrodes, as well as various EEG artifacts. Main results. Specifically, one of the patterns showed significant correlation with the stimuli timing. The correlation was higher when compared to commonly used models of neural activity (power fluctuations in distinct frequency band averaged across a subset of electrodes) and we found significantly correlated hemodynamic fluctuations in simultaneously acquired fMRI data in regions known to be involved in speech processing. Further, we show that the pattern also occurs in EEG data which were acquired outside the MR machine. Two other patterns reflected brain rhythms linked to the attentional and basal ganglia large scale networks. The other patterns were related to various EEG artifacts. Significance. These results show that PARAFAC blindly identifies neural activity in the EEG spectrum and that it naturally handles the correlations among frequency bands and electrodes. We conclude that PARAFAC seems to be a powerful tool for analysis of the EEG spectrum and might bring novel insight to the relationships between EEG activity and brain hemodynamics.

[Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system for elements analysis in high-temperature and vacuum environment].

PubMed

Pan, Cong-Yuan; Du, Xue-Wei; An, Ning; Han, Zhen-Yu; Wang, Sheng-Bo; Wei, Wei; Wang, Qiu-Ping

2013-12-01

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is one of the most promising technologies to be applied to metallurgical composition online monitoring in these days. In order to study the spectral characters of LIBS spectrum and to investigate the quantitative analysis method of material composition under vacuum and high temperature environment, a LIBS measurement system was designed and set up which can be used for conducting experiments with high-temperature or molten samples in different vacuum environment. The system consists of a Q-switched Nd : YAG laser used as the light source, lens with different focus lengths used for laser focusing and spectrum signal collecting, a spectrometer used for detecting the signal of LIBS spectrums, and a vacuum system for holding and heating the samples while supplying a vacuum environment. The vacuum was achieved and maintained by a vacuum pump and an electric induction furnace was used for heating the system. The induction coil was integrated to the vacuum system by attaching to a ceramic sealing flange. The system was installed and testified, and the results indicate that the vacuum of the system can reach 1X 10(-4) Pa without heating, while the heating temperature could be about 1 600 degreeC, the system can be used for melting metal samples such as steel and aluminum and get the LIBS spectrum of the samples at the same time. Utilizing this system, LIBS experiments were conducted using standard steel samples under different vacuum or high-temperature conditions. Results of comparison between LIBS spectrums of solid steel samples under different vacuum were achieved, and so are the spectrums of molten and solid steel samples under vacuum environment. Through data processing and theoretical analyzing of these spectrums, the initial results of those experiments are in good agreement with the results that are presently reported, which indicates that the whole system functions well and is available for molten metal LIBS experiment under vacuum environment.

Nonlinear Analysis of Surface EMG Time Series

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zurcher, Ulrich; Kaufman, Miron; Sung, Paul

2004-04-01

Applications of nonlinear analysis of surface electromyography time series of patients with and without low back pain are presented. Limitations of the standard methods based on the power spectrum are discussed.

Bi-spectrum based-EMD applied to the non-stationary vibration signals for bearing faults diagnosis.

PubMed

Saidi, Lotfi; Ali, Jaouher Ben; Fnaiech, Farhat

2014-09-01

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been widely applied to analyze vibration signals behavior for bearing failures detection. Vibration signals are almost always non-stationary since bearings are inherently dynamic (e.g., speed and load condition change over time). By using EMD, the complicated non-stationary vibration signal is decomposed into a number of stationary intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on the local characteristic time scale of the signal. Bi-spectrum, a third-order statistic, helps to identify phase coupling effects, the bi-spectrum is theoretically zero for Gaussian noise and it is flat for non-Gaussian white noise, consequently the bi-spectrum analysis is insensitive to random noise, which are useful for detecting faults in induction machines. Utilizing the advantages of EMD and bi-spectrum, this article proposes a joint method for detecting such faults, called bi-spectrum based EMD (BSEMD). First, original vibration signals collected from accelerometers are decomposed by EMD and a set of IMFs is produced. Then, the IMF signals are analyzed via bi-spectrum to detect outer race bearing defects. The procedure is illustrated with the experimental bearing vibration data. The experimental results show that BSEMD techniques can effectively diagnosis bearing failures. Copyright © 2014 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sustainable Thorium Nuclear Fuel Cycles: A Comparison of Intermediate and Fast Neutron Spectrum Systems

DOE PAGES

Brown, Nicholas R.; Powers, Jeffrey J.; Feng, B.; ...

2015-05-21

This paper presents analyses of possible reactor representations of a nuclear fuel cycle with continuous recycling of thorium and produced uranium (mostly U-233) with thorium-only feed. The analysis was performed in the context of a U.S. Department of Energy effort to develop a compendium of informative nuclear fuel cycle performance data. The objective of this paper is to determine whether intermediate spectrum systems, having a majority of fission events occurring with incident neutron energies between 1 eV and 10 5 eV, perform as well as fast spectrum systems in this fuel cycle. The intermediate spectrum options analyzed include tight latticemore » heavy or light water-cooled reactors, continuously refueled molten salt reactors, and a sodium-cooled reactor with hydride fuel. All options were modeled in reactor physics codes to calculate their lattice physics, spectrum characteristics, and fuel compositions over time. Based on these results, detailed metrics were calculated to compare the fuel cycle performance. These metrics include waste management and resource utilization, and are binned to accommodate uncertainties. The performance of the intermediate systems for this selfsustaining thorium fuel cycle was similar to a representative fast spectrum system. However, the number of fission neutrons emitted per neutron absorbed limits performance in intermediate spectrum systems.« less

The importance of context in early autism intervention: A qualitative South African study.

PubMed

Guler, Jessy; de Vries, Petrus J; Seris, Noleen; Shabalala, Nokuthula; Franz, Lauren

2017-09-01

The majority of individuals with autism spectrum disorder live in low- and middle-income countries and receive little or no services from health or social care systems. The development and validation of autism spectrum disorder interventions has almost exclusively occurred in high-income countries, leaving many unanswered questions regarding what contextual factors would need to be considered to ensure the effectiveness of interventions in low- and middle-income countries. This study qualitatively explored contextual factors relevant to the adaptation of a caregiver-mediated early autism spectrum disorder intervention in a low-resource South African setting. We conducted four focus groups and four in-depth interviews with 28 caregivers of young children with autism spectrum disorder and used thematic analysis to identify key themes. Eight contextual factors including culture, language, location of treatment, cost of treatment, type of service provider, support, parenting practices, and stigma emerged as important. Caregivers reported a preference for an affordable, in-home, individualized early autism spectrum disorder intervention, where they have an active voice in shaping treatment goals. Distrust of community-based health workers and challenges associated with autism spectrum disorder-related stigma were identified. Recommendations that integrate caregiver preferences with the development of a low-cost and scalable caregiver-mediated early autism spectrum disorder intervention are included.

Reconstructing Face Image from the Thermal Infrared Spectrum to the Visible Spectrum †

PubMed Central

Kresnaraman, Brahmastro; Deguchi, Daisuke; Takahashi, Tomokazu; Mekada, Yoshito; Ide, Ichiro; Murase, Hiroshi

2016-01-01

During the night or in poorly lit areas, thermal cameras are a better choice instead of normal cameras for security surveillance because they do not rely on illumination. A thermal camera is able to detect a person within its view, but identification from only thermal information is not an easy task. The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the face image of a person from the thermal spectrum to the visible spectrum. After the reconstruction, further image processing can be employed, including identification/recognition. Concretely, we propose a two-step thermal-to-visible-spectrum reconstruction method based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). The reconstruction is done by utilizing the relationship between images in both thermal infrared and visible spectra obtained by CCA. The whole image is processed in the first step while the second step processes patches in an image. Results show that the proposed method gives satisfying results with the two-step approach and outperforms comparative methods in both quality and recognition evaluations. PMID:27110781

A reinterpretation of the electronic spectrum of pyrrole: A quantum dynamics study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Neville, S. P.; Worth, G. A., E-mail: g.a.worth@bham.ac.uk

The first band in the electronic spectrum of pyrrole is calculated from wavepacket propagations performed using the MCTDH method. To do so, two model Hamiltonians are constructed to describe seven low-lying excited electronic states of pyrrole. These Hamiltonians are based on the vibronic coupling model, and are parameterised via fitting to extensive CASPT2 and EOM-CCSD calculations. A detailed analysis of the structure of pyrrole's electronic spectrum in the range 5.5 to 6.5 eV is made. The role of intensity borrowing from transitions to ππ{sup *} states by lower-lying 3s and 3p Rydberg states is assessed, and reassignments of much ofmore » the spectrum are subsequently made which indicate that most of the states in the spectrum are predominantly Rydberg in character. The resulting conclusions drawn serve to highlight the limitations of assignments based on the matching of calculated vertical excitation energies and the positions of peak maxima observed in electronic spectra.« less

Measurement of electron density using reactance cutoff probe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

You, K. H.; Seo, B. H.; Kim, J. H.

2016-05-15

This paper proposes a new measurement method of electron density using the reactance spectrum of the plasma in the cutoff probe system instead of the transmission spectrum. The highly accurate reactance spectrum of the plasma-cutoff probe system, as expected from previous circuit simulations [Kim et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 131502 (2011)], was measured using the full two-port error correction and automatic port extension methods of the network analyzer. The electron density can be obtained from the analysis of the measured reactance spectrum, based on circuit modeling. According to the circuit simulation results, the reactance cutoff probe can measure themore » electron density more precisely than the previous cutoff probe at low densities or at higher pressure. The obtained results for the electron density are presented and discussed for a wide range of experimental conditions, and this method is compared with previous methods (a cutoff probe using the transmission spectrum and a single Langmuir probe).« less

[Extracting THz absorption coefficient spectrum based on accurate determination of sample thickness].

PubMed

Li, Zhi; Zhang, Zhao-hui; Zhao, Xiao-yan; Su, Hai-xia; Yan, Fang

2012-04-01

Extracting absorption spectrum in THz band is one of the important aspects in THz applications. Sample's absorption coefficient has a complex nonlinear relationship with its thickness. However, as it is not convenient to measure the thickness directly, absorption spectrum is usually determined incorrectly. Based on the method proposed by Duvillaret which was used to precisely determine the thickness of LiNbO3, the approach to measuring the absorption coefficient spectra of glutamine and histidine in frequency range from 0.3 to 2.6 THz(1 THz = 10(12) Hz) was improved in this paper. In order to validate the correctness of this absorption spectrum, we designed a series of experiments to compare the linearity of absorption coefficient belonging to one kind amino acid in different concentrations. The results indicate that as agreed by Lambert-Beer's Law, absorption coefficient spectrum of amino acid from the improved algorithm performs better linearity with its concentration than that from the common algorithm, which can be the basis of quantitative analysis in further researches.

[Discussion of scattering in THz time domain spectrum tests].

PubMed

Yan, Fang; Zhang, Zhao-hui; Zhao, Xiao-yan; Su, Hai-xia; Li, Zhi; Zhang, Han

2014-06-01

Using THz-TDS to extract the absorption spectrum of a sample is an important branch of various THz applications. Basically, we believe that the THz radiation scatters from sample particles, leading to an obvious baseline increasing with frequencies in its absorption spectrum. The baseline will affect the measurement accuracy due to ambiguous height and pattern of the spectrum. The authors should try to remove the baseline, and eliminate the effects of scattering. In the present paper, we investigated the causes of baselines, reviewed some of scatter mitigating methods and summarized some of research aspects in the future. In order to validate the correctness of these methods, we designed a series of experiments to compare the computational accuracy of molar concentration. The result indicated that the computational accuracy of molar concentration can be improved, which can be the basis of quantitative analysis in further researches. Finally, with comprehensive experimental results, we presented further research directions on THz absorption spectrum that is needed for the removal of scattering effects.

Testing BR photocycle kinetics.

PubMed Central

Nagle, J F; Zimanyi, L; Lanyi, J K

1995-01-01

An improved K absorption spectrum in the visible is obtained from previous photocycle data for the D96N mutant of bacteriorhodopsin, and the previously obtained M absorption spectrum in the visible and the fraction cycling are confirmed at 25 degrees C. Data at lower temperatures are consistent with negligible temperature dependence in the spectra from 5 degrees C to 25 degrees C. Detailed analysis strongly indicates that there are two intermediates in addition to the first intermediate K and the last intermediate M. Assuming two of the intermediates have the same spectrum and using the L spectrum obtained previously, the best kinetic model with four intermediates that fits the time course of the intermediates is rather unusual, with two L's on a cul-de-sac. However, a previously proposed, more conventional model with five intermediates, including two L's with the same spectra and two M's with the same spectra, also fits the time course of the intermediates nearly as well. A new criterion that tests an individual proposed spectrum against data is also proposed. PMID:7787034

A breath sound analysis in children with cough variant asthma.

PubMed

Enseki, Mayumi; Nukaga, Mariko; Tadaki, Hiromi; Tabata, Hideyuki; Hirai, Kota; Kato, Masahiko; Mochizuki, Hiroyuki

2018-05-29

Cough variant asthma (CVA) is characterized by a chronic cough and bronchial hyperresponsiveness without confirmation of wheezing. Using a breath sound analyzer, we evaluate the characteristics of breath sound in children with CVA. Nine children with CVA (median age, 7.0 years) participated. The existence of breath sounds was confirmed by sound spectrogram. Breath sound parameters, the frequency limiting 50% and 99% of the power spectrum (F 50 and F 99 ), the roll-off from 600 to 1200 Hz (Slope) and spectrum curve indices, the ratio of the third and fourth area to the total area of the power spectrum (P 3 /P T and P 4 /P T ) and the ratio of power and frequency at 50% and 75% of the highest frequency of the power spectrum (RPF 75 and RPF 50 ) were calculated before and after β 2 agonist inhalation. A spirogram and/or forced oscillation technique were performed in all subjects. On a sound spectrogram, wheezing was confirmed in seven of nine patients. All wheezing on the image was polyphonic, and they almost disappeared after β 2 agonist inhalation. An analysis of the breath sound spectrum showed that P T , P 3 /P T , P 4 /P T , RPF 50 and RPF 75 were significantly increased after β 2 agonist inhalation. Children with CVA showed a high rate of inaudible wheezing that disappeared after β 2 agonist inhalation. Changes in the spectrum curve indices also indicated the bronchial reversibility. These results may suggest the characteristics of CVA in children. Copyright © 2018 Japanese Society of Allergology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Biliary diseases as main causes of pyogenic liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

PubMed

Shi, Shao-Hua; Feng, Xiao-Ning; Lai, Ming-Chun; Kong, Hai-Shen; Zheng, Shu-Sen

2017-05-01

Little is known about aetiology and morbidity and clinical characteristics of pyogenic liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. An analysis between pyogenic liver abscess patients caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates and those caused by non-extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae was performed. Among 817 pyogenic liver abscess patients, there were 176 patients (21.5%) with pyogenic liver abscess of biliary origin, and 67 pyogenic liver abscess patients (8.2%) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates (mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae). Of 176 pyogenic liver abscess patients related to biliary disorders, there were 48 pyogenic liver abscess patients (27.3%) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Within 67 pyogenic liver abscess patients caused by Enterobacteriaceae expressing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, the occurrences of 48 pyogenic liver abscess patients (71.6%) were associated with biliary disorders. When compared with pyogenic liver abscess patients caused by non-extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, there were significantly greater incidences of polymicrobial infections, bacteremia, pulmonary infection, recurrence and death in pyogenic liver abscess patients caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Carbapenems remain mainstay drugs against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Independent risk factors for occurrence of pyogenic liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were biliary disorders including extra- and intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis and an abnormal bilioenteric communication between bile and gut, a treatment history of malignancy such as operation and chemotherapy, pulmonary infection, and diabetes mellitus. Pyogenic liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates mainly occurs in patients with biliary disorders or with a treatment history of malignancy. The mainstay of treatment remains carbapenems in combination with adequate aspiration or drainage. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Continuum based fast Fourier transform processing of infrared spectrum].

PubMed

Liu, Qing-Jie; Lin, Qi-Zhong; Wang, Qin-Jun; Li, Hui; Li, Shuai

2009-12-01

To recognize ground objects with infrared spectrum, high frequency noise removing is one of the most important phases in spectrum feature analysis and extraction. A new method for infrared spectrum preprocessing was given combining spectrum continuum processing and Fast Fourier Transform (CFFT). Continuum was firstly removed from the noise polluted infrared spectrum to standardize hyper-spectra. Then the spectrum was transformed into frequency domain (FD) with fast Fourier transform (FFT), separating noise information from target information After noise eliminating from useful information with a low-pass filter, the filtered FD spectrum was transformed into time domain (TD) with fast Fourier inverse transform. Finally the continuum was recovered to the spectrum, and the filtered infrared spectrum was achieved. Experiment was performed for chlorite spectrum in USGS polluted with two kinds of simulated white noise to validate the filtering ability of CFFT by contrast with cubic function of five point (CFFP) in time domain and traditional FFT in frequency domain. A circle of CFFP has limited filtering effect, so it should work much with more circles and consume more time to achieve better filtering result. As for conventional FFT, Gibbs phenomenon has great effect on preprocessing result at edge bands because of special character of rock or mineral spectra, while works well at middle bands. Mean squared error of CFFT is 0. 000 012 336 with cut-off frequency of 150, while that of FFT and CFFP is 0. 000 061 074 with cut-off frequency of 150 and 0.000 022 963 with 150 working circles respectively. Besides the filtering result of CFFT can be improved by adjusting the filter cut-off frequency, and has little effect on working time. The CFFT method overcomes the Gibbs problem of FFT in spectrum filtering, and can be more convenient, dependable, and effective than traditional TD filter methods.

Analysis of EUV/FUV dayglow and auroral measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Majeed, T.; Strickland, D. J.; Link, R.

1994-01-01

This report documents investigations carried out over the twelve month period which commenced in November 1992. The contract identifies the following three tasks: analysis of the O II 83.4 nm dayglow and comparison with incoherent scatter radar data, analysis of the EUV spectrum of an electron aurora, and analysis of the EUV spectrum of a proton-hydrogen-electron aurora. The analysis approach, data reduction methods, and results, including plots of O I 98.9 nm versus time and average spectra, are presented for the last two tasks. The appendices contain preprints of two papers written under the first task. The first paper examines the effect of new O(3P) photoionization cross sections, N2 photoabsorption cross sections, and O(+) oscillator strengths and transition probabilities on the O II 83.4 nm dayglow. The second addresses the problem of remotely sensing the dayside F2 region using limb O II 83.4 nm data.

Comparative study of various normal mode analysis techniques based on partial Hessians.

PubMed

Ghysels, An; Van Speybroeck, Veronique; Pauwels, Ewald; Catak, Saron; Brooks, Bernard R; Van Neck, Dimitri; Waroquier, Michel

2010-04-15

Standard normal mode analysis becomes problematic for complex molecular systems, as a result of both the high computational cost and the excessive amount of information when the full Hessian matrix is used. Several partial Hessian methods have been proposed in the literature, yielding approximate normal modes. These methods aim at reducing the computational load and/or calculating only the relevant normal modes of interest in a specific application. Each method has its own (dis)advantages and application field but guidelines for the most suitable choice are lacking. We have investigated several partial Hessian methods, including the Partial Hessian Vibrational Analysis (PHVA), the Mobile Block Hessian (MBH), and the Vibrational Subsystem Analysis (VSA). In this article, we focus on the benefits and drawbacks of these methods, in terms of the reproduction of localized modes, collective modes, and the performance in partially optimized structures. We find that the PHVA is suitable for describing localized modes, that the MBH not only reproduces localized and global modes but also serves as an analysis tool of the spectrum, and that the VSA is mostly useful for the reproduction of the low frequency spectrum. These guidelines are illustrated with the reproduction of the localized amine-stretch, the spectrum of quinine and a bis-cinchona derivative, and the low frequency modes of the LAO binding protein. 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Comparative Study of Various Normal Mode Analysis Techniques Based on Partial Hessians

PubMed Central

GHYSELS, AN; VAN SPEYBROECK, VERONIQUE; PAUWELS, EWALD; CATAK, SARON; BROOKS, BERNARD R.; VAN NECK, DIMITRI; WAROQUIER, MICHEL

2014-01-01

Standard normal mode analysis becomes problematic for complex molecular systems, as a result of both the high computational cost and the excessive amount of information when the full Hessian matrix is used. Several partial Hessian methods have been proposed in the literature, yielding approximate normal modes. These methods aim at reducing the computational load and/or calculating only the relevant normal modes of interest in a specific application. Each method has its own (dis)advantages and application field but guidelines for the most suitable choice are lacking. We have investigated several partial Hessian methods, including the Partial Hessian Vibrational Analysis (PHVA), the Mobile Block Hessian (MBH), and the Vibrational Subsystem Analysis (VSA). In this article, we focus on the benefits and drawbacks of these methods, in terms of the reproduction of localized modes, collective modes, and the performance in partially optimized structures. We find that the PHVA is suitable for describing localized modes, that the MBH not only reproduces localized and global modes but also serves as an analysis tool of the spectrum, and that the VSA is mostly useful for the reproduction of the low frequency spectrum. These guidelines are illustrated with the reproduction of the localized amine-stretch, the spectrum of quinine and a bis-cinchona derivative, and the low frequency modes of the LAO binding protein. PMID:19813181

Current Status of the LOFAR EoR Key Science Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koopmans, L. V. E.; LOFAR EoR KSP Team

2018-05-01

A short status update on the LOFAR Epoch of Reionization (EoR) Key Science Project (KSP) is given, regarding data acquisition, data processing and analysis, and current power-spectrum limits on the redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen at redshifts z = 8 - 10. With caution, we present a preliminary astrophysical analysis of ~60 hr of processed LOFAR data and their resulting power spectrum, showing that potentially already interesting limits on X-ray heating during the Cosmic Dawn can already be gained. This is by no means the final analysis of this sub-set of data, but illustrates the future potential when all nearly 3000 hr of data in hand on two EoR windows will have been processed.

Development of program package for investigation and modeling of carbon nanostructures in diamond like carbon films with the help of Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectra line resolving

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hayrapetyan, David B.; Hovhannisyan, Levon; Mantashyan, Paytsar A.

2013-04-01

The analysis of complex spectra is an actual problem for modern science. The work is devoted to the creation of a software package, which analyzes spectrum in the different formats, possesses by dynamic knowledge database and self-study mechanism, performs automated analysis of the spectra compound based on knowledge database by application of certain algorithms. In the software package as searching systems, hyper-spherical random search algorithms, gradient algorithms and genetic searching algorithms were used. The analysis of Raman and IR spectrum of diamond-like carbon (DLC) samples were performed by elaborated program. After processing the data, the program immediately displays all the calculated parameters of DLC.

The Role of Theory of Mind on Social Information Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Mediation Analysis.

PubMed

Mazza, Monica; Mariano, Melania; Peretti, Sara; Masedu, Francesco; Pino, Maria Chiara; Valenti, Marco

2017-05-01

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show significant impairments in social skills and theory of mind (ToM). The aim of this study was to evaluate ToM and social information processing abilities in 52 children with ASD compared to 55 typically developing (TD) children. A mediation analysis evaluated whether social information processing abilities can be mediated by ToM competences. In our results, children with autism showed a deficit in social skills and ToM components. The innovative results of our study applying mediation analysis demonstrate that ToM plays a key role in the development of social abilities, and the lack of ToM competences in children with autism impairs their competent social behavior.