School Readiness and Rudolf Steiner's Theory of Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.; Ujlaki, Vilma

This paper presents Rudolf Steiner's maturational readiness theory of human physiopsychology and comments on education in the Waldorf Schools. Discussion asserts that Steiner's concept of human development is complex and that intensive study is required for even a superficial understanding of "the four members of man": the physical,…

Diameter-Constrained Steiner Tree

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Wei; Lin, Guohui; Xue, Guoliang

Given an edge-weighted undirected graph G = (V,E,c,w), where each edge e ∈ E has a cost c(e) and a weight w(e), a set S ⊆ V of terminals and a positive constant D 0, we seek a minimum cost Steiner tree where all terminals appear as leaves and its diameter is bounded by D 0. Note that the diameter of a tree represents the maximum weight of path connecting two different leaves in the tree. Such problem is called the minimum cost diameter-constrained Steiner tree problem. This problem is NP-hard even when the topology of Steiner tree is fixed. In present paper we focus on this restricted version and present a fully polynomial time approximation scheme (FPTAS) for computing a minimum cost diameter-constrained Steiner tree under a fixed topology.

Authentic Assessment in the First Steiner Academy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burnett, John

2009-01-01

In August 2008, the then Schools Minister, Andrew Adonis, gave the go-ahead for the privately funded Hereford Waldorf School to reopen as a tax-payer-funded Academy, sponsored by the Steiner Waldorf Schools Fellowship of Great Britain. Accordingly, the Steiner Academy Hereford opened in September 2008. In common with the 132 other Academies opened…

Humanizing the Humanities: Some Reflections on George Steiner's "Brutal Paradox."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karier, Clarence J.

1990-01-01

Considers how literary critic, George Steiner, explores the failure of Western Civilization to humanize humanity. Analyzes Steiner's ultimately elitist model of culture to shed light on implications of his brutal paradox in which Nazism's death camps are juxtaposed to high culture. Theorizes about the possibilities of a culture inclusive of all…

Rudolf Steiner Farm School, Hawthorne Valley.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rudolf Steiner Farm School, Harlemville, Ghent, NY.

The goal of the Rudolf Steiner Farm School (which employs the spiritual/scientific path of knowledge described by Rudolf Steiner in the early 1900's) is to awaken and cultivate the capacities of the full human being through education, the arts, and agriculture, in direct relationship with nature, the spiritual universe, and current times. The…

Educational Imperatives of the Evolution of Consciousness: The Integral Visions of Rudolf Steiner and Ken Wilber

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gidley, Jennifer M.

2007-01-01

Rudolf Steiner and Ken Wilber claim that human consciousness is evolving beyond the "formal", abstract, intellectual mode toward a "post-formal", integral mode. Wilber calls this "vision-logic" and Steiner calls it "consciousness/spiritual soul". Both point to the emergence of more complex, dialectical,…

Psychological Processes and "The Staircase to Terrorism"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moghaddam, Fathali M.

2005-01-01

This paper presents replies to the comments of Paniagua and Steiner on his original article on terrorism. The author notes that several points raised by Paniagua and Steiner are insightful and help to broaden the range of factors to be considered on the staircase to terrorism. Steiner highlights the role of incitement, and this points to the…

76 FR 24840 - Safety Zone; 2011 Rohto Ironman 70.3 Miami, Biscayne Bay, Miami, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-03

... Lieutenant Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail Paul.A.Steiner@uscg.mil . If you have questions on viewing or submitting material to the docket, call... Lieutenant Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail...

76 FR 43958 - Safety Zone; Rotary Club of Fort Lauderdale New River Raft Race, New River, Fort Lauderdale, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-22

... have questions on this proposed rule, call or e-mail Lieutenant Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail Paul.A.Steiner@uscg.mil . If you have... Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail Paul.A...

U.S. Democratization Strategy: Origins and Obstacles

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

war was destroying Europe and Wilson’s non-intervention had won favor with the U.S. electorate, unwilling to partake in what Zara Steiner has aptly...33 Stanley Weintraub, Silent Night (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001), p. 167. 34 Zara Steiner, The...Platter (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001). Steiner, Zara , The Lights that Failed: European International History

Logrank test and Interval Overlap Test for Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) under different fertilization treatments for 7705 tomato hybrid.

PubMed

Vargas-Madríz, Haidel; Bautista-Martínez, Néstor; Vera-Graziano, Jorge; Sánchez-García, Prometeo; García-Gutiérrez, Cipriano; Sánchez-Soto, Saúl; García-Avila, Clemente de Jesús

2014-01-01

It is known that some nutrients can have both negative and positive effects on some populations of insects. To test this, the Logrank test and the Interval Overlap Test were evaluated for two crop cycles (February-May and May-August) of the 7705 tomato hybrid, and the effect on the psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), was examined under greenhouse conditions. Tomato plants were in polythene bags and irrigated with the following solutions: T1-Steiner solution, T2-Steiner solution with nitrogen reduced to 25%, T3-Steiner solution with potassium reduced to 25%, and T4-Steiner solution with calcium reduced to 25%. In the Logrank test, a significant difference was found when comparing the survival parameters of B. cockerelli generated from the treatment cohorts: T1-T2; T1-T3; T1-T4; T2-T3; and T3-T4, while no significant differences were found in the T2-T4 comparison in the February-May cycle. In the May-August cycle, significant differences were found when comparing the survival parameters generated from the treatment cohorts: T1-T2; T1-T3; and T1-T4, while no significant differences were found in the T2-T3; T2-T4; and T3-T4 comparisons of survival parameters of B. cockerelli fed with the 7705 tomato hybrid. Also, the Interval Overlap Test was done on the treatment cohorts (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in the February-May and May-August cycles. T1 and T2 compare similarly in both cycles when feeding on the treatments up to 36 d. Similarly, in T1 and T3, the behavior of the insect is similar when feeding on the treatments up to 40 and 73 d, respectively. Comparisons T2-T3 and T2-T4 are similar when feeding on both treatments up to 42, 38 and 37, 63 d, respectively. Finally, the T3-T4 comparison was similar when feeding in both treatments up to 20 and 46 d, respectively. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.

Performance Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms for Steiner Tree Problems.

PubMed

Lai, Xinsheng; Zhou, Yuren; Xia, Xiaoyun; Zhang, Qingfu

2017-01-01

The Steiner tree problem (STP) aims to determine some Steiner nodes such that the minimum spanning tree over these Steiner nodes and a given set of special nodes has the minimum weight, which is NP-hard. STP includes several important cases. The Steiner tree problem in graphs (GSTP) is one of them. Many heuristics have been proposed for STP, and some of them have proved to be performance guarantee approximation algorithms for this problem. Since evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are general and popular randomized heuristics, it is significant to investigate the performance of EAs for STP. Several empirical investigations have shown that EAs are efficient for STP. However, up to now, there is no theoretical work on the performance of EAs for STP. In this article, we reveal that the (1+1) EA achieves 3/2-approximation ratio for STP in a special class of quasi-bipartite graphs in expected runtime [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are, respectively, the number of Steiner nodes, the number of special nodes, and the largest weight among all edges in the input graph. We also show that the (1+1) EA is better than two other heuristics on two GSTP instances, and the (1+1) EA may be inefficient on a constructed GSTP instance.

The effect of attending steiner schools during childhood on health in adulthood: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Fischer, H Felix; Binting, Sylvia; Bockelbrink, Angelina; Heusser, Peter; Hueck, Christoph; Keil, Thomas; Roll, Stephanie; Witt, Claudia

2013-01-01

It is speculated that attending Steiner schools, whose pedagogical principles include an account for healthy psycho-physical development, may have long-term beneficial health effects. We examined whether the current health status differed between former attendees of German Steiner schools and adults from the general population. Furthermore, we examined factors that might explain those differences. We included former Steiner school attendees from 4 schools in Berlin, Hanover, Nuremberg and Stuttgart and randomly selected population controls. Using a self-report questionnaire we assessed sociodemographics, current and childhood lifestyle and health status. Outcomes were self-reports on 16 diseases: atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac insufficiency, angina pectoris, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, osteoarthritis, rheumatism, cancer, diabetes, depression and multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, participants rated the symptom burden resulting from back pain, cold symptoms, headache, insomnia, joint pain, gastrointestinal symptoms and imbalance. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for each outcome. 1136 Steiner school attendees and 1746 controls were eligible for analysis. Both groups were comparable regarding sex, age and region, but differed in nationality and educational status. After adjusting for possible confounders, we found statistically significant effects of Steiner school attendance for osteoarthritis (OR 0.69 [0.49-0.97]) and allergic rhinitis (OR 0.77, [0.59-1.00]) as well as for symptom burden from back pain (OR 0.80, [0.64-1.00]), insomnia (OR 0.65, [0.50-0.84]), joint pain (OR 0.62, [0.48-0.82]), gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 0.76, [0.58-1.00]) and imbalance (OR 0.60, [0.38-0.93]). The risk of most examined diseases did not differ between former Steiner school attendees and the general population after adjustment for sociodemographics, current and childhood lifestyle features, but symptom burden from some current health complaints was reported less by former Steiner school attendees. Results must be interpreted with caution since the analysis was exploratory.

8TH International Laser Physics Workshop Lphys󈨧 Budapest, July 2-6, 1999, Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-07-05

Gerhard J. MUller (Germany) Rudolf Steiner (Germany) Symposium Status and Future Directions of High-Power Laser Installations Co-Chairs: See Leang...Sciences, Kazan. Russia I.A. Shcherbakov General Physics Institute. Russian Academy of Sciences. Moscow, Russia R. Steiner Institute of Laser Technologies...14.50-15.15 R. Steiner , A. Pohl, A. Bentele, T. Meier (Ulm, Germany) Laser Doppler sensor for laser assisted injection 30 SEMINAR 5 --- LASER METHODS IN

[Visualisation methods for etheric formative forces].

PubMed

Burkhard, B; Kittel, R

2009-09-01

Rudolf Steiner, the founder of anthroposophy, suggested the development of visualisation methods for "etheric formative forces". The essential methods, their "spiritual scientific" basis and indications are described and their claims critically tested. The methods are not validated, the key criteria for diagnostic tests (reproducibility, sensitivity, specifity) are not given.

Owen Chamberlain, the Antiproton, and Polarized Targets

Science.gov Websites

allowed us to test the symmetry principles underlying the physics," [colleague Herbert Steiner] said . Symmetry principles state, for example, that some interactions look the same when reflected in a mirror or

Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome With 2 Novel KMT2A Mutations.

PubMed

Min Ko, Jung; Cho, Jae So; Yoo, Yongjin; Seo, Jieun; Choi, Murim; Chae, Jong-Hee; Lee, Hye-Ran; Cho, Tae-Joon

2017-02-01

Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature, hairy elbows, facial dysmorphism, and developmental delay. It can also be accompanied by musculoskeletal anomalies such as muscular hypotonia and small hands and feet. Mutations in the KMT2A gene have only recently been identified as the cause of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome; therefore, only 16 patients from 15 families have been described, and new phenotypic features continue to be added. In this report, we describe 2 newly identified patients with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome who presented with variable severity. One girl exhibited developmental dysplasia of the hip and fibromatosis colli accompanied by other clinical features, including facial dysmorphism, hypertrichosis, patent ductus arteriosus, growth retardation, and borderline intellectual disability. The other patient, a boy, showed severe developmental retardation with automatic self-mutilation, facial dysmorphism, and hypertrichosis at a later age. Exome sequencing analysis of these patients and their parents revealed a de novo nonsense mutation, p.Gln1978*, of KMT2A in the former, and a missense mutation, p.Gly1168Asp, in the latter, which molecularly confirmed the diagnosis of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome.

Steiner's Amazing Porism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fletcher, Trevor

2007-01-01

In this article, the author describes his experiments with Steiner's Porism using the drawing/animation program "Cinderella" and discusses insights into this theorem gleaned from the manipulation of his animation. (Contains 2 notes.)

Teacher Training in Curative Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Juul, Kristen D.; Maier, Manfred

1992-01-01

This article considers the application of the philosophical and educational principles of Rudolf Steiner, called "anthroposophy," to the training of teachers and curative educators in the Waldorf schools. Special emphasis is on the Camphill movement which focuses on therapeutic schools and communities for children with special needs. (DB)

The Effect of Attending Steiner Schools during Childhood on Health in Adulthood: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study

PubMed Central

Fischer, H. Felix; Binting, Sylvia; Bockelbrink, Angelina; Heusser, Peter; Hueck, Christoph; Keil, Thomas; Roll, Stephanie; Witt, Claudia

2013-01-01

Background It is speculated that attending Steiner schools, whose pedagogical principles include an account for healthy psycho-physical development, may have long-term beneficial health effects. We examined whether the current health status differed between former attendees of German Steiner schools and adults from the general population. Furthermore, we examined factors that might explain those differences. Methods We included former Steiner school attendees from 4 schools in Berlin, Hanover, Nuremberg and Stuttgart and randomly selected population controls. Using a self-report questionnaire we assessed sociodemographics, current and childhood lifestyle and health status. Outcomes were self-reports on 16 diseases: atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac insufficiency, angina pectoris, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, osteoarthritis, rheumatism, cancer, diabetes, depression and multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, participants rated the symptom burden resulting from back pain, cold symptoms, headache, insomnia, joint pain, gastrointestinal symptoms and imbalance. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for each outcome. Results 1136 Steiner school attendees and 1746 controls were eligible for analysis. Both groups were comparable regarding sex, age and region, but differed in nationality and educational status. After adjusting for possible confounders, we found statistically significant effects of Steiner school attendance for osteoarthritis (OR 0.69 [0.49–0.97]) and allergic rhinitis (OR 0.77, [0.59–1.00]) as well as for symptom burden from back pain (OR 0.80, [0.64–1.00]), insomnia (OR 0.65, [0.50–0.84]), joint pain (OR 0.62, [0.48–0.82]), gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 0.76, [0.58–1.00]) and imbalance (OR 0.60, [0.38–0.93]). Conclusions The risk of most examined diseases did not differ between former Steiner school attendees and the general population after adjustment for sociodemographics, current and childhood lifestyle features, but symptom burden from some current health complaints was reported less by former Steiner school attendees. Results must be interpreted with caution since the analysis was exploratory. PMID:24069175

Logrank Test and Interval Overlap Test for Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) Under Different Fertilization Treatments for 7705 Tomato Hybrid

PubMed Central

Vargas-Madríz, Haidel; Bautista-Martínez, Néstor; Vera-Graziano, Jorge; Sánchez-García, Prometeo; García-Gutiérrez, Cipriano; Sánchez-Soto, Saúl; de Jesús García-Avila, Clemente

2014-01-01

Abstract It is known that some nutrients can have both negative and positive effects on some populations of insects. To test this, the Logrank test and the Interval Overlap Test were evaluated for two crop cycles (February–May and May–August) of the 7705 tomato hybrid, and the effect on the psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), was examined under greenhouse conditions. Tomato plants were in polythene bags and irrigated with the following solutions: T1—Steiner solution, T2—Steiner solution with nitrogen reduced to 25%, T3—Steiner solution with potassium reduced to 25%, and T4—Steiner solution with calcium reduced to 25%. In the Logrank test, a significant difference was found when comparing the survival parameters of B. cockerelli generated from the treatment cohorts: T1–T2; T1–T3; T1–T4; T2–T3; and T3–T4, while no significant differences were found in the T2–T4 comparison in the February–May cycle. In the May–August cycle, significant differences were found when comparing the survival parameters generated from the treatment cohorts: T1–T2; T1–T3; and T1–T4, while no significant differences were found in the T2–T3; T2–T4; and T3–T4 comparisons of survival parameters of B. cockerelli fed with the 7705 tomato hybrid. Also, the Interval Overlap Test was done on the treatment cohorts (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in the February–May and May–August cycles. T1 and T2 compare similarly in both cycles when feeding on the treatments up to 36 d. Similarly, in T1 and T3, the behavior of the insect is similar when feeding on the treatments up to 40 and 73 d, respectively. Comparisons T2–T3 and T2–T4 are similar when feeding on both treatments up to 42, 38 and 37, 63 d, respectively. Finally, the T3–T4 comparison was similar when feeding in both treatments up to 20 and 46 d, respectively. RESUMEN. Se sabe que algunos nutrientes pueden tener efectos tanto negativos como positivos en algunas poblaciones de insectos. Para probar esto se evaluó la prueba de rango logarítmico y la prueba de Overlap intervalo de dos ciclos de cultivo (febrero–mayo y mayo–agosto) del híbrido de tomate 7705 y el efecto sobre el psílido, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) fue examinado bajo condiciones de invernadero. Las plantas de tomate estaban en bolsas de polietileno y regadas con las siguientes soluciones: T1: Solución de Steiner, T2: solución de Steiner con Nitrógeno a 25%, T3: solución de Steiner con Potasio a 25% y T4: solución de Steiner con Calcio a 25%. En la prueba de Logrank se encontró diferencia significativa al comparar los parámetros de supervivencia que se generaron en las cohortes de los tratamientos, T1 – T2; T1 – T3; T1 – T4; T2 – T3 y T3 – T4. En la comparación de T2 – T4, no se encontraron diferencias significativas, entre los parámetros de supervivencia de B. cockerelli ; para el ciclo Mayo-Agosto, se encontró diferencia significativa al comparar los parámetros de supervivencia que se generaron en las cohortes de los tratamientos, T1 - T2; T1 – T3; T1 – T4; en las comparaciones de T2 – T3; T2 – T4; T3 – T4, no se encontraron diferencias significativas, entre los parámetros de supervivencia de B. cockerelli alimentados con el hibrido de tomate 7705. De igual manera se realizó la Prueba de Traslape de Intervalos para las cohortes de los tratamientos (T1, T2, T3 y T4) en los ciclos de Febrero-Mayo y de Mayo-Agosto, se puede observar que la comparación de T1 con T2, son similares cuando se alimenta en ambos tratamientos hasta los 36 días, respectivamente. De igual manera, en la comparación (T1 y T3), siendo similar cuando el insecto se alimenta en ambos tratamientos hasta los 40 y 37 días, respectivamente. Las comparaciones (T2 y T3) y (T2 y T4) es similar cuando se alimenta en ambos tratamientos hasta los (42, 38) y (37, 63) días, respectivamente. Finalmente, la comparación para (T3 y T4) fue similar cuando se alimenta en ambos tratamientos hasta los 20 y 46 días, respectivamente. PMID:25527579

Dental Health and Orthodontic Problems

MedlinePlus

... of yesteryear. Dr. Jim Steiner, director of pediatric dentistry at Children’s Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio, attributes the ... ago,” says Dr. Jim Steiner, director of pediatric dentistry at Children's Hospital in cincinnati, Ohio, “the silver ...

Chiral dynamics with (non)strange quarks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2017-01-01

We review the results and achievements of the project B.3. Topics addressed include pion photoproduction off the proton and off deuterium, three-flavor chiral perturbation theory studies, chiral symmetry tests in Goldstone boson decays, the development of unitarized chiral perturbation theory to next-to-leading order, the two-pole structure of the Λ(1405), the dynamical generation of the lowest S11 resonances, the theory of hadronic atoms and its application to various systems, precision studies in light-meson decays based on dispersion theory, the Roy-Steiner analysis of pion-nucleon scattering, a high-precision extraction of the elusive pion-nucleon σ-term, and aspects of chiral dynamics in few-nucleon systems.

Roy-Steiner equations for πN scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruiz de Elvira, J.; Ditsche, C.; Hoferichter, M.; Kubis, B.; Meißner, U.-G.

2014-06-01

In this talk, we present a coupled system of integral equations for the πN → πN (s-channel) and ππ → N̅N (t-channel) lowest partial waves, derived from Roy-Steiner equations for pion-nucleon scattering. After giving a brief overview of this system of equations, we present the solution of the t-channel sub-problem by means of Muskhelishvili-Omnès techniques, and solve the s-channel sub-problem after finding a set of phase shifts and subthreshold parameters which satisfy the Roy-Steiner equations.

76 FR 8656 - Safety Zone; Miami International Triathlon, Bayfront Park, Miami, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

...-mail Lieutenant Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail Paul.A.Steiner@uscg.mil . If you have questions on viewing the docket, call Renee V...

Geometric Form Drawing: A Perceptual-Motor Approach to Preventive Remediation (The Steiner Approach)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

1975-01-01

Provided is a rationale for geometric form drawing developed by Rudolf Steiner as a tool to develop motor coordination, perceptual skills, and cognition for mentally retarded and perceptually handicapped children. (Author/CL)

A comparison of the Cook single lumen immature ovum IVM needle to the Steiner-Tan pseudo double lumen flushing needle for oocyte retrieval for IVM.

PubMed

Rose, B I; Laky, D

2013-06-01

This study compared the impact of using the Steiner-Tan pseudo double lumen needle for antral follicle oocyte retrieval to using a conventional non-flushing needle. The Steiner-Tan needle has a much smaller dead space than the needles commonly used for IVM oocyte retrievals. This was a retrospective cohort study. The patient population was determined by the time period in which a patient underwent IVM in a single physician's IVF practice. The following data was abstracted from clinical and embryology records: oocytes retrieved, oocytes matured, early maturing oocytes, oocytes fertilized, embryo quality measures, retrieval time, needle punctures, clot formation, and clinical pregnancy rate. The Steiner-Tan needle did not increase the number of oocytes retrieved. It also did not increase the time required for retrieval. However, flushing of antral follicles significantly decreased clot formation in fluid aspirates. Use of the Steiner-Tan needle also significantly decreased the number of vaginal needle punctures during each case. There was a trend toward improved embryo quality, but statistical power was inadequate to show a difference. The primary benefit of the Steiner-Tan needle was on the embryological aspects of IVM. Decreased blood and blood clots in the aspirates made an IVM retrieval more like conventional IVF for the embryologist. The patient also experienced less tissue trauma without increasing anesthesia or surgical time. There was no improvement in the number of oocytes retrieved, but based on the results, we hypothesized that oocytes were more commonly retrieved from slightly large follicles than when using a routine needle.

Individual Differences in Learning from Verbal and Figural Materials.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

price floors and ceilings, taxation, and agricultural problems. Materials were adapted from introductory college economics textbooks (Lipsey and Steiner...introductory college economics textbooks (Lipsey and Steiner, 1969; Samuelson, 1976; Spencer, 1977; Sutton, 1976), but presented at a level appropriate

76 FR 29642 - Special Local Regulations; Miami Super Boat Grand Prix, Miami Beach, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

... INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this rule, call or e-mail Lieutenant Paul A. Steiner, Sector Miami Prevention Department, Coast Guard; telephone 305-535-8724, e-mail Paul.A.Steiner@uscg.mil . If...

Discovering Steiner Triple Systems through Problem Solving

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sriraman, Bharath

2004-01-01

An attempt to implement problem solving as a teacher of ninth grade algebra is described. The problems selected were not general ones, they involved combinations and represented various situations and were more complex which lead to the discovery of Steiner triple systems.

SteinerNet: a web server for integrating ‘omic’ data to discover hidden components of response pathways

PubMed Central

Tuncbag, Nurcan; McCallum, Scott; Huang, Shao-shan Carol; Fraenkel, Ernest

2012-01-01

High-throughput technologies including transcriptional profiling, proteomics and reverse genetics screens provide detailed molecular descriptions of cellular responses to perturbations. However, it is difficult to integrate these diverse data to reconstruct biologically meaningful signaling networks. Previously, we have established a framework for integrating transcriptional, proteomic and interactome data by searching for the solution to the prize-collecting Steiner tree problem. Here, we present a web server, SteinerNet, to make this method available in a user-friendly format for a broad range of users with data from any species. At a minimum, a user only needs to provide a set of experimentally detected proteins and/or genes and the server will search for connections among these data from the provided interactomes for yeast, human, mouse, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. More advanced users can upload their own interactome data as well. The server provides interactive visualization of the resulting optimal network and downloadable files detailing the analysis and results. We believe that SteinerNet will be useful for researchers who would like to integrate their high-throughput data for a specific condition or cellular response and to find biologically meaningful pathways. SteinerNet is accessible at http://fraenkel.mit.edu/steinernet. PMID:22638579

The Job Satisfaction-Life Satisfaction Relationship for Educators: A Cross-Cultural Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klass, Patricia Harrington; Michael, Noreen

This study replicates a cross-cultural study by Steiner and Truxillo (1987) that tested completing hypotheses concerning the relationship between job and life satisfaction. It tested the generalization of the original study in two ways: it examined educators instead of managers and it compared those from Western and Eastern cultures rather than…

The Waldorf Curriculum as a Framework for Moral Education: One Dimension of a Fourfold System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Armon, Joan

This paper examines moral education as a holistic structure that evolves from the interplay between the educational applications of anthroposophy, students' developmental needs, the curriculum, as indicated by Rudolf Steiner, and teachers' roles in fashioning the curriculum. The methodology draws upon the qualitative research paradigm of…

Practising Empathy: Enacting Alternative Perspectives through Imaginative Play

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waite, Sue; Rees, Sarah

2014-01-01

This article reports on a collaborative study using an innovative methodology, based on "insiders" who are Steiner practitioners knowledgeable and practised in Steiner philosophy and "outsiders" from UK mainstream early years and primary perspectives. Although the study as a whole focused on assessment and observation used in…

Comparative assessment of four Steinernematidae and three Heterorhabditidae species for infectivity of larval Diabrotica virgifera virgifera

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Larval Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte were exposed to seven different entomopathogenic nematode species to test their potential infectivity in a laboratory setting. Known D. virgifera infecting nematode species Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, H. megidis Poinar, Jackson & Klein, Steiner...

Waldorf Education: Theory of Child Development and Teaching Methods.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

This paper examines the educational philosophy underlying Waldorf Education, focusing on Rudolf Steiner's concept of "vital" or etheric energy and comparing Piaget's and Steiner's stages of cognition. The paper begins with a discussion of school readiness and the trend toward lowering the school entry age, and maintains that this trend…

Montessori and Steiner: A Pattern of Reverse Symmetries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coulter, Dee Joy

2003-01-01

Explains the educational movements precipitated by Maria Montessori and Rudolf Steiner as comprising a pattern of reverse symmetries. Notes the influence of war on their philosophies. Discusses reverse symmetries in curriculum related to mathematics, geography, and history. Maintains that each of these two movements holds the other at its core,…

Creative Grammar and Art Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunliffe, Leslie

2011-01-01

The grammar of creative practices is described by George Steiner as the "articulate organisation of perception, reflection and experience, the nerve structure of consciousness when it communicates with itself and with others." Steiner's description of creative grammar is consistent with Lev Vygotsky's comment that "art is the social within us, and…

Eurythmy: A Motoric and Artistic Method of Teaching Young Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

This paper introduces a form of movement-therapy known as Eurythmy, an art of movement that expresses visibly the sounds of speech and the tones and intervals of music. Created by Rudolf Steiner in 1912, Eurythmy differs from other arts in its therapeutic value, educational applications, and the physiopsychological theory upon which it is based.…

Soap films and GeoGebra in the study of Fermat and Steiner points

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flores, Alfinio; Park, Jungeun

2018-05-01

We discuss how mathematics and secondary mathematics education majors developed an understanding of Fermat points for the triangle as well as Steiner points for the square and regular pentagon, and also of soap film configurations between parallel plates where forces are in equilibrium. The activities included the use of soap films and the interactive geometry program GeoGebra. Students worked in small groups using these tools to investigate the properties of Fermat and Steiner points and then justified the results of their investigations using geometrical arguments. These activities are specific approaches of how to encourage prospective teachers to use physical experiments to support students' development of mathematical curiosity and mathematical justifications.

Myles A. Steiner | NREL

Science.gov Websites

; Emmett E. Perl, John Simon, Daniel J. Friedman, Nikhil Jain, Paul Sharps, Claiborne McPheeters, Yukun Sun , Kevin L. Schulte, Ryan M. France, William E. McMahon, Emmett E. Perl, Daniel J. Friedman, Journal of ; E.E. Perl, D. Kuciauskas, J. Simon, D.J. Friedman, M.A. Steiner, Journal of Applied Physics, 122

The Steiner Multigraph Problem: Wildlife corridor design for multiple species

Treesearch

Katherine J. Lai; Carla P. Gomes; Michael K. Schwartz; Kevin S. McKelvey; David E. Calkin; Claire A. Montgomery

2011-01-01

The conservation of wildlife corridors between existing habitat preserves is important for combating the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation facing species of concern. We introduce the Steiner Multigraph Problem to model the problem of minimum-cost wildlife corridor design for multiple species with different landscape requirements. This problem can also model...

An Education Lived

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steiner, David

2009-01-01

This article is an autobiographical account of a remarkable childhood. In this essay, David Steiner, the Klara & Larry Silverstein Dean of the School of Education at Hunter College in New York, chronicles his early years and his road to Oxford. David is the son of George Steiner, the polymath who has scathingly denounced Western societies for the…

Holism in Teacher Development: A Goethean Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberski, Iddo; McNally, Jim

2007-01-01

Teaching has moved gradually from being seen as an art or craft to an evidence-based techno-rational profession. However, within Steiner-Waldorf schools, teachers are largely autonomous and seen, like their pupils, as always "coming into being", through the development of an objective imaginative faculty. This perspective is derived from Steiner's…

Fear and Attraction in Statecraft: Western Multilateralism’s Double-Edged Swords

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

Zara Steiner, The Lights that Failed: European International History 1919–1933 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005) 1–5. 111 Gray, War, Peace and...Steven E. Miller, 104– 140. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2001. Steiner, Zara . The Lights that Failed: European International History 1919–1933. Oxford

Waldorf Schools: A Child-Centered System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

This paper presents an overview of the philosophy, psychology of learning, teaching methods, and curriculum of the Waldorf Schools. Most Waldorf teachers are influenced by the esoteric form of critical idealism propounded by Rudolf Steiner. The child is considered by Steiner to be a spiritual being who has reincarnated on to earth in a physical…

Drawing and Painting in Rudolf Steiner Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Junemann, Margit; Weitmann, Fritz

This book gives an overview of the Waldorf School teaching plan and art curriculum. The book thoroughly investigates many aspects of art that Rudolf Steiner spoke of in lectures, notes, and demonstrations. Particular emphasis is placed upon his work on color. Specific lessons are given for the elementary classes, and discussions of principles and…

Focus on Evaluation and Measurement. Proceedings of the National Research Symposium on Limited English Proficient Student Issues (Washington, D.C., September 1991). Volumes 1 and 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1992

This document is comprised of a two-volume conference proceedings. The first volume includes the following papers: "Application of Multiple Intelligences: Research in Alternative Assessment" (Joseph Walters) Discussants: Vera John-Steiner, Sue Teele; "Improving Bilingual Education Programs through Evaluation" (Alan L. Ginsburg); "Language Testing…

The Impact of the Self-Awareness Process on Learning and Leading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steiner, Patricia

2014-01-01

In this article, Patricia Steiner describes a research problem that took considerable time and energy to investigate: the study of the "self-awareness" process. Steiner states that, if we believe in the concept of lifelong learning and development, then we must acknowledge the value of self-awareness as an important precursor to learning…

A Scheme for Understanding Group Processes in Problem-Based Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammar Chiriac, Eva

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify, describe and interpret group processes occurring in tutorials in problem-based learning. Another aim was to investigate if a combination of Steiner's (Steiner, I. D. (1972). "Group process and productivity". New York: Academic Press.) theory of group work and Bion's (Bion, W. R. (1961). "Experiences in…

Assessing New York's Commissioner of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Peter

2011-01-01

In this article, the author talks about the resignation of New York State's commissioner of education David Steiner, and how it will affect the state's Race to the Top. He contends that Steiner was savvy enough to understand the importance of Race to the Top and able enough to turn the state's education energies toward it. The "Washington…

Soap Films and GeoGebra in the Study of Fermat and Steiner Points

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flores, Alfinio; Park, Jungeun

2018-01-01

We discuss how mathematics and secondary mathematics education majors developed an understanding of Fermat points for the triangle as well as Steiner points for the square and regular pentagon, and also of soap film configurations between parallel plates where forces are in equilibrium. The activities included the use of soap films and the…

On the Path towards Thinking: Learning from Martin Heidegger and Rudolf Steiner

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahlin, Bo

2009-01-01

This paper is a philosophical study of the nature of thinking based on the philosophies of Martin Heidegger and Rudolf Steiner. For Heidegger, the pre-Socratic Greek philosophers exemplified genuine thinking, appreciating the meaning of Being. But this kind of philosophy was soon replaced by the onto-theological approach, in which Being was…

The Effect of Steiner, Montessori, and National Curriculum Education upon Children's Pretence and Creativity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirkham, Julie Ann; Kidd, Evan

2017-01-01

Pretence and creativity are often regarded as ubiquitous characteristics of childhood, yet not all education systems value or promote these attributes to the same extent. Different pedagogies and practices are evident within the UK National Curriculum, Steiner and Montessori schools. In this study, 20 children participated from each of these…

Closed Circular Chains

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caglayan, Günhan

2016-01-01

A Steiner chain is defined as the sequence of n circles that are all tangent to two given non-intersecting circles. A closed chain, in particular, is one in which every circle in the sequence is tangent to the previous and next circles of the chain. In a closed Steiner chain the first and the "n"th circles of the chain are also tangent…

A Day in the Life of the Rudolf Steiner School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prescott, Jennifer O.

1999-01-01

Describes a typical day at the Rudolf Steiner School, an arts-based Waldorf school that encourages students to be anything they want to be and integrates the arts into everything. Natural developmental stages is an intrinsic part of the curriculum. Students remain with the same teacher for 8 years. A sidebar notes what opponents say about Waldorf…

Unbiased Causal Inference from an Observational Study: Results of a Within-Study Comparison

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pohl, Steffi; Steiner, Peter M.; Eisermann, Jens; Soellner, Renate; Cook, Thomas D.

2009-01-01

Adjustment methods such as propensity scores and analysis of covariance are often used for estimating treatment effects in nonexperimental data. Shadish, Clark, and Steiner used a within-study comparison to test how well these adjustments work in practice. They randomly assigned participating students to a randomized or nonrandomized experiment.…

"Give Them Time" -- An Analysis of School Readiness in Ireland's Early Education System: A Steiner Waldorf Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Connor, Doireann; Angus, Jonathan

2014-01-01

This paper examines a Steiner Waldorf Perspective to School Readiness and applies that international ideology to educational practice and curriculum policy in modern Ireland. The case for a later school start is championed with strong arguments underpinning the reasons why a later start is better in the long run for children's formal learning…

An interactive programme for weighted Steiner trees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zanchetta do Nascimento, Marcelo; Ramos Batista, Valério; Raffa Coimbra, Wendhel

2015-01-01

We introduce a fully written programmed code with a supervised method for generating weighted Steiner trees. Our choice of the programming language, and the use of well- known theorems from Geometry and Complex Analysis, allowed this method to be implemented with only 764 lines of effective source code. This eases the understanding and the handling of this beta version for future developments.

Foreign Language Teaching in Rudolf Steiner Schools. Guidelines for Class-Teachers and Language Teachers. First Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stott, Michael

This book is intended for foreign language teachers interested in the approaches used in Rudolf Steiner schools, and also classroom teachers who teach foreign languages. Chapters address these issues: what the language lesson is to achieve; how the language lesson differs from other lessons; lesson design; examples of actual lessons; avoiding the…

MIP models for connected facility location: A theoretical and computational study☆

PubMed Central

Gollowitzer, Stefan; Ljubić, Ivana

2011-01-01

This article comprises the first theoretical and computational study on mixed integer programming (MIP) models for the connected facility location problem (ConFL). ConFL combines facility location and Steiner trees: given a set of customers, a set of potential facility locations and some inter-connection nodes, ConFL searches for the minimum-cost way of assigning each customer to exactly one open facility, and connecting the open facilities via a Steiner tree. The costs needed for building the Steiner tree, facility opening costs and the assignment costs need to be minimized. We model ConFL using seven compact and three mixed integer programming formulations of exponential size. We also show how to transform ConFL into the Steiner arborescence problem. A full hierarchy between the models is provided. For two exponential size models we develop a branch-and-cut algorithm. An extensive computational study is based on two benchmark sets of randomly generated instances with up to 1300 nodes and 115,000 edges. We empirically compare the presented models with respect to the quality of obtained bounds and the corresponding running time. We report optimal values for all but 16 instances for which the obtained gaps are below 0.6%. PMID:25009366

In memoriam Ladislau Steiner, neurosurgeon: some people from transylvania do live forever.

PubMed

Dinca, Eduard B; Ciurea, Alexandru V; Valéry, Charles-Ambroise

2014-01-01

We review the extraordinary professional trajectory of Ladislau Steiner, a prolific neurosurgeon and radiosurgeon, who died earlier this year. Dr. Steiner trained and practiced as a neurosurgeon in his native Romania until he was 42, before moving to Stockholm. After 25 years at the Karolinska Institute, when most people consider retirement, he spent the following 25 years of his life as director of the Lars Leksell Center for Gamma Knife Radiosurgery at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. At 90, nostalgia for Europe made him accept the position of director of the Gamma Knife Center at the International Neuroscience Institute in Hannover, Germany. His life was dedicated to the 15,000 patients whose lives he saved in his lengthy career. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Development of Early Literacy in Steiner- and Standard-Educated Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, Anna J.; Carroll, Julia M.

2011-01-01

Background: There is evidence that children who are taught to read later in childhood (age 6-7) make faster progress in early literacy than those who are taught at a younger age (4-5 years), as is current practice in the UK. Aims: Steiner-educated children begin learning how to read at age 7, and have better reading-related skills at the onset of…

Bacterial and fungal components in house dust of farm children, Rudolf Steiner school children and reference children--the PARSIFAL Study.

PubMed

Schram, D; Doekes, G; Boeve, M; Douwes, J; Riedler, J; Ublagger, E; von Mutius, E; Budde, J; Pershagen, G; Nyberg, F; Alm, J; Braun-Fahrländer, C; Waser, M; Brunekreef, B

2005-05-01

Growing up on a farm and an anthroposophic lifestyle are associated with a lower prevalence of allergic diseases in childhood. It has been suggested that the enhanced exposure to endotoxin is an important protective factor of farm environments. Little is known about exposure to other microbial components on farms and exposure in anthroposophic families. To assess the levels and determinants of bacterial endotoxin, mould beta(1,3)-glucans and fungal extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) in house dust of farm children, Steiner school children and reference children. Mattress and living room dust was collected in the homes of 229 farm children, 122 Steiner children and 60 and 67 of their respective reference children in five European countries. Stable dust was collected as well. All samples were analysed in one central laboratory. Determinants were assessed by questionnaire. Levels of endotoxin, EPS and glucans per gram of house dust in farm homes were 1.2- to 3.2-fold higher than levels in reference homes. For Steiner children, 1.1- to 1.6-fold higher levels were observed compared with their reference children. These differences were consistently found across countries, although mean levels varied considerably. Differences between groups and between countries were also significant after adjustment for home and family characteristics. Farm children are not only consistently exposed to higher levels of endotoxin, but also to higher levels of mould components. Steiner school children may also be exposed to higher levels of microbial agents, but differences with reference children are much less pronounced than for farm children. Further analyses are, however, required to assess the association between exposure to these various microbial agents and allergic and airway diseases in the PARSIFAL population.

The Pacification Campaign of Madagascar: 1896-1905

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-01-01

and 1940s. This was no improvised brutality. My German colleague, Rudolf Scharping revealed on 9 April details of a covert Serbian plan, code-named...administrator arrived to begin attempts to transfer authority to local institutions and to work to improve security and boost the economy. Steiner , a...Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic’s crackdown on ethnic Albanians in the province. Steiner also said he would focus on creating jobs in the province

Multidisciplinary Biomarkers of Early Mammary Carcinogenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

and breast cancer cells based on a single post- reatment measurement. Ratiometric methods have been used previously for ALA tudies in oral , bladder...6714, 6882–6888 2007. 14. E. Uzgiris, A. Sood, K. Bove, B. Grimmond, D. Lee, and S. Lomnes, “A multimodal contrast agent for preoperative MR...and R. A. Steiner, “Pho- todynamic detection of diseased axillary sentinel lymph node after oral application of aminolevulinic acid in patients with

Efficacy of commercial microwave equipment for eradication of pine wood nematodes and cerambycid larvae infesting red pine

Treesearch

Mary R. Fleming; John J. Janowiak; Jeffrey D. Kimmel; John M. Halbrendt; Leah S. Bauer; Kelli Hoover

2005-01-01

The feasibility of using commercial 2.45-GHz microwave equipment to kill cerambycid larvae and pinewood nematodes(PWN) [Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle] infesting lumber was investigated. Research goals were to test a system of separating green material into moisture content(MC)ranges and to determine the feasibility of using...

Multi-terminal pipe routing by Steiner minimal tree and particle swarm optimisation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Qiang; Wang, Chengen

2012-08-01

Computer-aided design of pipe routing is of fundamental importance for complex equipments' developments. In this article, non-rectilinear branch pipe routing with multiple terminals that can be formulated as a Euclidean Steiner Minimal Tree with Obstacles (ESMTO) problem is studied in the context of an aeroengine-integrated design engineering. Unlike the traditional methods that connect pipe terminals sequentially, this article presents a new branch pipe routing algorithm based on the Steiner tree theory. The article begins with a new algorithm for solving the ESMTO problem by using particle swarm optimisation (PSO), and then extends the method to the surface cases by using geodesics to meet the requirements of routing non-rectilinear pipes on the surfaces of aeroengines. Subsequently, the adaptive region strategy and the basic visibility graph method are adopted to increase the computation efficiency. Numeral computations show that the proposed routing algorithm can find satisfactory routing layouts while running in polynomial time.

Existence of Lipschitz selections of the Steiner map

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bednov, B. B.; Borodin, P. A.; Chesnokova, K. V.

2018-02-01

This paper is concerned with the problem of the existence of Lipschitz selections of the Steiner map {St}_n, which associates with n points of a Banach space X the set of their Steiner points. The answer to this problem depends on the geometric properties of the unit sphere S(X) of X, its dimension, and the number n. For n≥slant 4 general conditions are obtained on the space X under which {St}_n admits no Lipschitz selection. When X is finite dimensional it is shown that, if n≥slant 4 is even, the map {St}_n has a Lipschitz selection if and only if S(X) is a finite polytope; this is not true if n≥slant 3 is odd. For n=3 the (single-valued) map {St}_3 is shown to be Lipschitz continuous in any smooth strictly-convex two-dimensional space; this ceases to be true in three-dimensional spaces. Bibliography: 21 titles.

Quantitative Field Testing Rotylenchulus reniformis DNA from Metagenomic Samples Isolated Directly from Soil

PubMed Central

Showmaker, Kurt; Lawrence, Gary W.; Lu, Shien; Balbalian, Clarissa; Klink, Vincent P.

2011-01-01

A quantitative PCR procedure targeting the β-tubulin gene determined the number of Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira 1940 in metagenomic DNA samples isolated from soil. Of note, this outcome was in the presence of other soil-dwelling plant parasitic nematodes including its sister genus Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945. The methodology provides a framework for molecular diagnostics of nematodes from metagenomic DNA isolated directly from soil. PMID:22194958

Water-quality assessment of Steiner Branch basin, Lafayette County, Wisconsin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Field, Stephen J.; Lidwin, R.A.

1982-01-01

Most of the nutrient load of the stream was transported during runoff: total organic nitrogen, 80 percent; ammonia nitrogen, 80 percent; total phosphorus, 84 percent; and total orthophosphorus, 77 percent. Transport of nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen occurred primarily during baseflow conditions, with 75 and 56 percent, respectively, of the total load for the study period being transported during these conditions. The time distribution of total phosphorus, total orthophosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, and total organic nitrogen transport was very similar to suspended-sediment transport in Steiner Branch.

A construction of unimodular equiangular tight frames from resolvable Steiner systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jasper, John

2013-09-01

An equiangular tight frame (ETF) is an M x N matrix which has orthogonal equal norm rows, equal norm columns, and the inner products of all pairs of columns have the same modulus. In this paper we study ETFs in which all of the entries are unimodular, and in particular pth roots of unity. A new construction of unimodular ETFs based on resolvable Steiner systems is presented. This construction gives many new examples of unimodular ETFs. In particular, an new infinite class of ETFs with entries in f1;-1g is presented.

The node-weighted Steiner tree approach to identify elements of cancer-related signaling pathways.

PubMed

Sun, Yahui; Ma, Chenkai; Halgamuge, Saman

2017-12-28

Cancer constitutes a momentous health burden in our society. Critical information on cancer may be hidden in its signaling pathways. However, even though a large amount of money has been spent on cancer research, some critical information on cancer-related signaling pathways still remains elusive. Hence, new works towards a complete understanding of cancer-related signaling pathways will greatly benefit the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. We propose the node-weighted Steiner tree approach to identify important elements of cancer-related signaling pathways at the level of proteins. This new approach has advantages over previous approaches since it is fast in processing large protein-protein interaction networks. We apply this new approach to identify important elements of two well-known cancer-related signaling pathways: PI3K/Akt and MAPK. First, we generate a node-weighted protein-protein interaction network using protein and signaling pathway data. Second, we modify and use two preprocessing techniques and a state-of-the-art Steiner tree algorithm to identify a subnetwork in the generated network. Third, we propose two new metrics to select important elements from this subnetwork. On a commonly used personal computer, this new approach takes less than 2 s to identify the important elements of PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in a large node-weighted protein-protein interaction network with 16,843 vertices and 1,736,922 edges. We further analyze and demonstrate the significance of these identified elements to cancer signal transduction by exploring previously reported experimental evidences. Our node-weighted Steiner tree approach is shown to be both fast and effective to identify important elements of cancer-related signaling pathways. Furthermore, it may provide new perspectives into the identification of signaling pathways for other human diseases.

A physarum-inspired prize-collecting steiner tree approach to identify subnetworks for drug repositioning.

PubMed

Sun, Yahui; Hameed, Pathima Nusrath; Verspoor, Karin; Halgamuge, Saman

2016-12-05

Drug repositioning can reduce the time, costs and risks of drug development by identifying new therapeutic effects for known drugs. It is challenging to reposition drugs as pharmacological data is large and complex. Subnetwork identification has already been used to simplify the visualization and interpretation of biological data, but it has not been applied to drug repositioning so far. In this paper, we fill this gap by proposing a new Physarum-inspired Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree algorithm to identify subnetworks for drug repositioning. Drug Similarity Networks (DSN) are generated using the chemical, therapeutic, protein, and phenotype features of drugs. In DSNs, vertex prizes and edge costs represent the similarities and dissimilarities between drugs respectively, and terminals represent drugs in the cardiovascular class, as defined in the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system. A new Physarum-inspired Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree algorithm is proposed in this paper to identify subnetworks. We apply both the proposed algorithm and the widely-used GW algorithm to identify subnetworks in our 18 generated DSNs. In these DSNs, our proposed algorithm identifies subnetworks with an average Rand Index of 81.1%, while the GW algorithm can only identify subnetworks with an average Rand Index of 64.1%. We select 9 subnetworks with high Rand Index to find drug repositioning opportunities. 10 frequently occurring drugs in these subnetworks are identified as candidates to be repositioned for cardiovascular diseases. We find evidence to support previous discoveries that nitroglycerin, theophylline and acarbose may be able to be repositioned for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, we identify seven previously unknown drug candidates that also may interact with the biological cardiovascular system. These discoveries show our proposed Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree approach as a promising strategy for drug repositioning.

Many-to-Many Multicast Routing Schemes under a Fixed Topology

PubMed Central

Ding, Wei; Wang, Hongfa; Wei, Xuerui

2013-01-01

Many-to-many multicast routing can be extensively applied in computer or communication networks supporting various continuous multimedia applications. The paper focuses on the case where all users share a common communication channel while each user is both a sender and a receiver of messages in multicasting as well as an end user. In this case, the multicast tree appears as a terminal Steiner tree (TeST). The problem of finding a TeST with a quality-of-service (QoS) optimization is frequently NP-hard. However, we discover that it is a good idea to find a many-to-many multicast tree with QoS optimization under a fixed topology. In this paper, we are concerned with three kinds of QoS optimization objectives of multicast tree, that is, the minimum cost, minimum diameter, and maximum reliability. All of three optimization problems are distributed into two types, the centralized and decentralized version. This paper uses the dynamic programming method to devise an exact algorithm, respectively, for the centralized and decentralized versions of each optimization problem. PMID:23589706

Relativistic Newtonian dynamics for objects and particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Friedman, Y.

2017-04-01

Relativistic Newtonian Dynamics (RND) was introduced in a series of recent papers by the author, in partial cooperation with J. M. Steiner. RND was capable of describing non-classical behavior of motion under a central attracting force. RND incorporates the influence of potential energy on spacetime in Newtonian dynamics, treating gravity as a force in flat spacetime. It was shown that this dynamics predicts accurately gravitational time dilation, the anomalous precession of Mercury and the periastron advance of any binary. In this paper the model is further refined and extended to describe also the motion of both objects with non-zero mass and massless particles, under a conservative attracting force. It is shown that for any conservative force a properly defined energy is conserved on the trajectories and if this force is central, the angular momentum is also preserved. An RND equation of motion is derived for motion under a conservative force. As an application, it is shown that RND predicts accurately also the Shapiro time delay - the fourth test of GR.

Combinatorics associated with inflections and bitangents of plane quartics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gizatullin, M. Kh

2013-08-01

After a preliminary survey and a description of some small Steiner systems from the standpoint of the theory of invariants of binary forms, we construct a binary Golay code (of length 24) using ideas from J. Grassmann's thesis of 1875. One of our tools is a pair of disjoint Fano planes. Another application of such pairs and properties of plane quartics is a construction of a new block design on 28 objects. This block design is a part of a dissection of the set of 288 Aronhold sevens. The dissection distributes the Aronhold sevens into 8 disjoint block designs of this type.

A de novo Mutation in KMT2A (MLL) in monozygotic twins with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome.

PubMed

Dunkerton, Sophie; Field, Matthew; Cho, Vicki; Bertram, Edward; Whittle, Belinda; Groves, Alexandra; Goel, Himanshu

2015-09-01

Growth deficiency, psychomotor delay, and facial dysmorphism was originally described in a male patient in 1989 by Wiedemann et al. and later in 2000 by Steiner et al. Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WSS) has since been described only a few times in the literature, with the phenotypic spectrum both expanding and becoming more delineated with each patient reported. We report on the clinical and molecular features of monozygotic twins with a de novo mutation in KMT2A. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray was done on both twins and whole-exome sequencing was done using both parents and one of the affected twins. SNP microarray confirmed that they were monozygotic twins. A de novo heterozygous variant (p. Arg1083*) in the KMT2A gene was identified through whole-exome sequencing, confirming the diagnosis of WSS. In this study, we have identified a de novo mutation in KMT2A associated with psychomotor developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, short stature, hypertrichosis cubiti, and small kidneys. This finding in monozygotic twins gives specificity to the WSS. The description of more cases of WSS is needed for further delineation of this condition. Small kidneys with normal function have not been described in this condition in the medical literature before. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The just provision of health care: a reply to Elizabeth Telfer.

PubMed Central

Steiner, H

1976-01-01

Dr Hillel Steiner in this reply to Elizabeth Telfer takes each of her arguments for different arrangements of a health service and examines them--'four positions which can be located on a linear ideological spectrum'--and adds a fifth which could have the effect of 'turning the alleged linear spectrum into a circle'. Underlying both Elizabeth Telfer's article and Dr Steiner's reply, the base is inescapably a 'political' one, but cannot be abandoned in favour of purely philosophical concepts. Whatever the attitude of mind of the reader of these two papers to the provision of a health service, the stimulus to more careful assessments of our own National Health Service and its problems can only be good. PMID:1003436

Roy-Steiner-equation analysis of pion-nucleon scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meißner, U.-G.; Ruiz de Elvira, J.; Hoferichter, M.; Kubis, B.

2017-03-01

Low-energy pion-nucleon scattering is relevant for many areas in nuclear and hadronic physics, ranging from the scalar couplings of the nucleon to the long-range part of two-pion-exchange potentials and three-nucleon forces in Chiral Effective Field Theory. In this talk, we show how the fruitful combination of dispersion-theoretical methods, in particular in the form of Roy-Steiner equations, with modern high-precision data on hadronic atoms allows one to determine the pion-nucleon scattering amplitudes at low energies with unprecedented accuracy. Special attention will be paid to the extraction of the pion-nucleon σ-term, and we discuss in detail the current tension with recent lattice results, as well as the determination of the low-energy constants of chiral perturbation theory.

Pion-nucleon scattering: from chiral perturbation theory to Roy-Steiner equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kubis, Bastian; Hoferichter, Martin; de Elvira, Jacobo Ruiz; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2016-11-01

Ever since Weinberg's seminal predictions of the pion-nucleon scattering amplitudes at threshold, this process has been of central interest for the study of chiral dynamics involving nucleons. The scattering lengths or the pion-nucleon σ-term are fundamental quantities characterizing the explicit breaking of chiral symmetry by means of the light quark masses. On the other hand, pion-nucleon dynamics also strongly affects the long-range part of nucleon-nucleon potentials, and hence has a far-reaching impact on nuclear physics. We discuss the fruitful combination of dispersion-theoretical methods, in the form of Roy-Steiner equations, with chiral dynamics to determine pion-nucleon scattering amplitudes at low energies with high precision.*

Comparative study of the craniofacial growth depending on the type of lactation received.

PubMed

Sánchez-Molins, M; Grau Carbó, J; Lischeid Gaig, C; Ustrell Torrent, J M

2010-06-01

Several organizations consider mother's milk the optimal nutrition source for newborns [AAP, 1998; Gartner et al., 1997; Mohrbacher and Stock, 2002; WHO, 1989]. However, there is little scientific evidence supporting the idea that breastfeeding has a positive influence on the development of the orofacial structures. The study of cases and controls (observational, analytical and retrospective) and lateral teleradiographs of the cranium of 197 patients (106 breast-fed and 91 bottle-fed) were compared. Ricketts, Steiner and McNamara values were used for the cephalometric analysis. Differences between the two groups were analysed by applying the T-test and ANOVA. Statistical significance levels were set at p<0.05. Non-nutritive infantile sucking habits have been compared; differences between the two groups were analysed by applying the Chi-square test. First, the upper incisors were found to be protruded in the bottle-fed group. Second, subjects belonging to the breast-fed group displayed a brachycephalic mandible arch, while those fed with bottle had a dolichocephalic Steiner mandibular plane. Third, both facial depth and distance of the pogonion to the perpendicular nasion presented a certain tendency to a retruded mandibular bone in the bottle-fed group. And fourth, the frequency of use of dummy and thumb suction were greater in the bottle feed group, without statistical significance. In addition to the multiple advantages that mother's milk offers to newborns, breastfeeding also helps correct orofacial development (not only for the incisors position, but also for the vertical and sagittal relations of the mandible with upper maxillary and cranial basis).

Transoral laser surgery for laryngeal carcinoma: has Steiner achieved a genuine paradigm shift in oncological surgery?

PubMed

Harris, A T; Tanyi, A; Hart, R D; Trites, J; Rigby, M H; Lancaster, J; Nicolaides, A; Taylor, S M

2018-01-01

Transoral laser microsurgery applies to the piecemeal removal of malignant tumours of the upper aerodigestive tract using the CO 2 laser under the operating microscope. This method of surgery is being increasingly popularised as a single modality treatment of choice in early laryngeal cancers (T1 and T2) and occasionally in the more advanced forms of the disease (T3 and T4), predominantly within the supraglottis. Thomas Kuhn, the American physicist turned philosopher and historian of science, coined the phrase 'paradigm shift' in his groundbreaking book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. He argued that the arrival of the new and often incompatible idea forms the core of a new paradigm, the birth of an entirely new way of thinking. This article discusses whether Steiner and colleagues truly brought about a paradigm shift in oncological surgery. By rejecting the principle of en block resection and by replacing it with the belief that not only is it oncologically safe to cut through the substance of the tumour but in doing so one can actually achieve better results, Steiner was able to truly revolutionise the management of laryngeal cancer. Even though within this article the repercussions of his insight are limited to the upper aerodigestive tract oncological surgery, his willingness to question other peoples' dogma makes his contribution truly a genuine paradigm shift.

Matching Pion-Nucleon Roy-Steiner Equations to Chiral Perturbation Theory.

PubMed

Hoferichter, Martin; Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Kubis, Bastian; Meissner, Ulf-G

2015-11-06

We match the results for the subthreshold parameters of pion-nucleon scattering obtained from a solution of Roy-Steiner equations to chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order, to extract the pertinent low-energy constants including a comprehensive analysis of systematic uncertainties and correlations. We study the convergence of the chiral series by investigating the chiral expansion of threshold parameters up to the same order and discuss the role of the Δ(1232) resonance in this context. Results for the low-energy constants are also presented in the counting scheme usually applied in chiral nuclear effective field theory, where they serve as crucial input to determine the long-range part of the nucleon-nucleon potential as well as three-nucleon forces.

Matching Pion-Nucleon Roy-Steiner Equations to Chiral Perturbation Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoferichter, Martin; Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2015-11-01

We match the results for the subthreshold parameters of pion-nucleon scattering obtained from a solution of Roy-Steiner equations to chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order, to extract the pertinent low-energy constants including a comprehensive analysis of systematic uncertainties and correlations. We study the convergence of the chiral series by investigating the chiral expansion of threshold parameters up to the same order and discuss the role of the Δ (1232 ) resonance in this context. Results for the low-energy constants are also presented in the counting scheme usually applied in chiral nuclear effective field theory, where they serve as crucial input to determine the long-range part of the nucleon-nucleon potential as well as three-nucleon forces.

Correlation between the norm and the geometry of minimal networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laut, I. L.

2017-05-01

The paper is concerned with the inverse problem of the minimal Steiner network problem in a normed linear space. Namely, given a normed space in which all minimal networks are known for any finite point set, the problem is to describe all the norms on this space for which the minimal networks are the same as for the original norm. We survey the available results and prove that in the plane a rotund differentiable norm determines a distinctive set of minimal Steiner networks. In a two-dimensional space with rotund differentiable norm the coordinates of interior vertices of a nondegenerate minimal parametric network are shown to vary continuously under small deformations of the boundary set, and the turn direction of the network is determined. Bibliography: 15 titles.

Randomized, open trial comparing a modified double-lumen needle follicular flushing system with a single-lumen aspiration needle in IVF patients with poor ovarian response.

PubMed

von Horn, Kyra; Depenbusch, Marion; Schultze-Mosgau, Askan; Griesinger, Georg

2017-04-01

Is a modified double-lumen aspiration needle system with follicular flushing able to increase the mean oocyte yield by at least one in poor response IVF patients as compared to single-lumen needle aspiration without flushing? Follicular flushing with the modified flushing system did not increase the number of oocytes, but increased the procedure duration. Most studies on follicular flushing were performed with conventional double-lumen needles in patients who were normal responders. Overall, these studies indicated no benefit of follicular flushing. Prospective, single-centre, randomized, controlled, open, superiority trial comparing the 17 G Steiner-Tan Needle® flushing system with a standard 17 G single-lumen aspiration needle (Gynetics®); time frame February 2015-March 2016. Eighty IVF patients, 18-45 years, BMI >18 kg/m2 to <35 kg/m2, presenting with ≤ five follicles >10 mm in both ovaries at the end of the follicular phase were randomized to either aspirating and flushing each follicle 3× with the Steiner-Tan-Needle® automated flushing system (n = 40) or a conventional single-lumen needle aspiration (n = 40). Primary outcome was the number of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs). Procedure duration, burden (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale; DASS-21) and post-procedure pain were also assessed. Flushing was not superior with a mean (SD) number of COCs of 2.4 (2.0) and 3.1 (2.3) in the Steiner-Tan Needle® and in the Gynectics® group, respectively (mean difference -0.7, 95% CI: 0.3 to -1.6; P = 0.27). Likewise no differences were observed in metaphase II  oocytes, two pronuclear oocytes, number of patients having an embryo transfer and DASS 21 scores. The procedure duration was significantly 2-fold increased. Testing for differences in the number of patients achieving an embryo transfer or differences in pregnancy rate would require a much larger sample size. The use of follicular flushing is unlikely to benefit the prognosis of patients with poor ovarian response. The Steiner-Tan Needles® and the flushing system were provided for free by the manufacturer. K.v.H. has received personal fees from Finox and non-financial support from Merck-Serono; M.D. has received personal fees from Finox and non-financial support from Merck-Serono. A.S.-M. has received personal fees and non-financial support from M.D., Ferring, Merck-Serono, Finox, TEVA. G.G. has received personal fees and non-financial support from M.D., Ferring, Merck-Serono, Finox, TEVA, IBSA, Glycotope, as well as personal fees from VitroLife, NMC Healthcare LLC, ReprodWissen LLC and ZIVA LLC. NCT 02365350 (clinicaltrials.gov). Sixth of February 2015. Ninth of February 2015. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

76 FR 6500 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-04

... Haigney comment, Sutherland comment, Black and Gross comment, Berg comment, PIABA comment; St. John's..., Steiner comment, Chalmers comment, Gladden comment, Estell comment, Sutherland comment, Furgison comment...

On the ππ continuum in the nucleon form factors and the proton radius puzzle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoferichter, M.; Kubis, B.; Ruiz de Elvira, J.; Hammer, H.-W.; Meißner, U.-G.

2016-11-01

We present an improved determination of the ππ continuum contribution to the isovector spectral functions of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors. Our analysis includes the most up-to-date results for the ππ→bar{N} N partial waves extracted from Roy-Steiner equations, consistent input for the pion vector form factor, and a thorough discussion of isospin-violating effects and uncertainty estimates. As an application, we consider the ππ contribution to the isovector electric and magnetic radii by means of sum rules, which, in combination with the accurately known neutron electric radius, are found to slightly prefer a small proton charge radius.

Genetics Home Reference: spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome

MedlinePlus

... active (expressed) in the cell membranes of cartilage-forming cells (chondrocytes). Cartilage is a tough, flexible tissue ... D, Shapiro SS, Takafuta T, Aftimos S, Kim CA, Firth H, Steiner CE, Cormier-Daire V, Superti-Furga A, ...

The Austrian Approach: Entering the World of Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feistritzer, Patricia; Balcerack, Carl

1979-01-01

This photo-essay describes a Waldorf School. Developed by Austrian Rudolf Steiner, the Waldorf plan is dedicated to allowing the child a childlike environment. It emphasizes storytelling, creative dramatics, flexibility, improvisation, crafts, and movement. (SJL)

Motifs in triadic random graphs based on Steiner triple systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winkler, Marco; Reichardt, Jörg

2013-08-01

Conventionally, pairwise relationships between nodes are considered to be the fundamental building blocks of complex networks. However, over the last decade, the overabundance of certain subnetwork patterns, i.e., the so-called motifs, has attracted much attention. It has been hypothesized that these motifs, instead of links, serve as the building blocks of network structures. Although the relation between a network's topology and the general properties of the system, such as its function, its robustness against perturbations, or its efficiency in spreading information, is the central theme of network science, there is still a lack of sound generative models needed for testing the functional role of subgraph motifs. Our work aims to overcome this limitation. We employ the framework of exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to define models based on triadic substructures. The fact that only a small portion of triads can actually be set independently poses a challenge for the formulation of such models. To overcome this obstacle, we use Steiner triple systems (STSs). These are partitions of sets of nodes into pair-disjoint triads, which thus can be specified independently. Combining the concepts of ERGMs and STSs, we suggest generative models capable of generating ensembles of networks with nontrivial triadic Z-score profiles. Further, we discover inevitable correlations between the abundance of triad patterns, which occur solely for statistical reasons and need to be taken into account when discussing the functional implications of motif statistics. Moreover, we calculate the degree distributions of our triadic random graphs analytically.

High-Precision Determination of the Pion-Nucleon σ Term from Roy-Steiner Equations.

PubMed

Hoferichter, Martin; Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G

2015-08-28

We present a determination of the pion-nucleon (πN) σ term σ_{πN} based on the Cheng-Dashen low-energy theorem (LET), taking advantage of the recent high-precision data from pionic atoms to pin down the πN scattering lengths as well as of constraints from analyticity, unitarity, and crossing symmetry in the form of Roy-Steiner equations to perform the extrapolation to the Cheng-Dashen point in a reliable manner. With isospin-violating corrections included both in the scattering lengths and the LET, we obtain σ_{πN}=(59.1±1.9±3.0)  MeV=(59.1±3.5)  MeV, where the first error refers to uncertainties in the πN amplitude and the second to the LET. Consequences for the scalar nucleon couplings relevant for the direct detection of dark matter are discussed.

High-Precision Determination of the Pion-Nucleon σ Term from Roy-Steiner Equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoferichter, Martin; Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2015-08-01

We present a determination of the pion-nucleon (π N ) σ term σπ N based on the Cheng-Dashen low-energy theorem (LET), taking advantage of the recent high-precision data from pionic atoms to pin down the π N scattering lengths as well as of constraints from analyticity, unitarity, and crossing symmetry in the form of Roy-Steiner equations to perform the extrapolation to the Cheng-Dashen point in a reliable manner. With isospin-violating corrections included both in the scattering lengths and the LET, we obtain σπ N=(59.1 ±1.9 ±3.0 ) MeV =(59.1 ±3.5 ) MeV , where the first error refers to uncertainties in the π N amplitude and the second to the LET. Consequences for the scalar nucleon couplings relevant for the direct detection of dark matter are discussed.

Roy-Steiner equations for pion-nucleon scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ditsche, C.; Hoferichter, M.; Kubis, B.; Meißner, U.-G.

2012-06-01

Starting from hyperbolic dispersion relations, we derive a closed system of Roy-Steiner equations for pion-nucleon scattering that respects analyticity, unitarity, and crossing symmetry. We work out analytically all kernel functions and unitarity relations required for the lowest partial waves. In order to suppress the dependence on the high energy regime we also consider once- and twice-subtracted versions of the equations, where we identify the subtraction constants with subthreshold parameters. Assuming Mandelstam analyticity we determine the maximal range of validity of these equations. As a first step towards the solution of the full system we cast the equations for the π π to overline N N partial waves into the form of a Muskhelishvili-Omnès problem with finite matching point, which we solve numerically in the single-channel approximation. We investigate in detail the role of individual contributions to our solutions and discuss some consequences for the spectral functions of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors.

Degree-constrained multicast routing for multimedia communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Yanlin; Sun, Yugeng; Li, Guidan

2005-02-01

Multicast services have been increasingly used by many multimedia applications. As one of the key techniques to support multimedia applications, the rational and effective multicast routing algorithms are very important to networks performance. When switch nodes in networks have different multicast capability, multicast routing problem is modeled as the degree-constrained Steiner problem. We presented two heuristic algorithms, named BMSTA and BSPTA, for the degree-constrained case in multimedia communications. Both algorithms are used to generate degree-constrained multicast trees with bandwidth and end to end delay bound. Simulations over random networks were carried out to compare the performance of the two proposed algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms have advantages in traffic load balancing, which can avoid link blocking and enhance networks performance efficiently. BMSTA has better ability in finding unsaturated links and (or) unsaturated nodes to generate multicast trees than BSPTA. The performance of BMSTA is affected by the variation of degree constraints.

A Sharp methodology for VLSI layout

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bapat, Shekhar

1993-01-01

The layout problem for VLSI circuits is recognized as a very difficult problem and has been traditionally decomposed into the several seemingly independent sub-problems of placement, global routing, and detailed routing. Although this structure achieves a reduction in programming complexity, it is also typically accompanied by a reduction in solution quality. Most current placement research recognizes that the separation is artificial, and that the placement and routing problems should be solved ideally in tandem. We propose a new interconnection model, Sharp and an associated partitioning algorithm. The Sharp interconnection model uses a partitioning shape that roughly resembles the musical sharp 'number sign' and makes extensive use of pre-computed rectilinear Steiner trees. The model is designed to generate strategic routing information along with the partitioning results. Additionally, the Sharp model also generates estimates of the routing congestion. We also propose the Sharp layout heuristic that solves the layout problem in its entirety. The Sharp layout heuristic makes extensive use of the Sharp partitioning model. The use of precomputed Steiner tree forms enables the method to model accurately net characteristics. For example, the Steiner tree forms can model both the length of the net and more importantly its route. In fact, the tree forms are also appropriate for modeling the timing delays of nets. The Sharp heuristic works to minimize both the total layout area by minimizing total net length (thus reducing the total wiring area), and the congestion imbalances in the various channels (thus reducing the unused or wasted channel area). Our heuristic uses circuit element movements amongst the different partitioning blocks and selection of alternate minimal Steiner tree forms to achieve this goal. The objective function for the algorithm can be modified readily to include other important circuit constraints like propagation delays. The layout technique first computes a very high-level approximation of the layout solution (i.e., the positions of the circuit elements and the associated net routes). The approximate solution is alternately refined, objective function. The technique creates well defined sub-problems and offers intermediary steps that can be solved in parallel, as well as a parallel mechanism to merge the sub-problem solutions.

Military Periodicals.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

4401 Vine Grove Road Fort Knox, Kentucky 40121 Telephone: (502) 942-8624 Editor-in-Chief: MAJ C. R. Steiner , Jr. $10.00 Army (M) Association...Wehrkunde) Verlag Europaische Wehrkunde Gmb H Herzog- Rudolf -Str. 1 8000 Munich 22 West Germany Telephone: (089) 293883 Editor: Ewald Heinrich von

Parenting as a Vocation: Lifelong Learning Can Begin in the Home.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stehlik, Tom

2003-01-01

Reviews theories of adult learning over the lifespan grounded in anthroposophy, the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner's Waldorf Schools. Examines parenting as a vocation through this perspective and the implications for the learning needs of parents. (Contains 35 references.) (SK)

Directions in Rehabilitation Counseling, 2001.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flach, Frederic, Ed.

2001-01-01

This volume of 12 lessons provides expert information on a variety of medical and psychological issues in rehabilitative counseling. The lessons, which may be applied toward continuing education credits, are: (1) "Integration of Psychiatric Treatment and Rehabilitation" (Jeanne Steiner, Larry Davidson, Michael A. Hoge, and Selby Jacobs);…

Performance of a cavity-method-based algorithm for the prize-collecting Steiner tree problem on graphs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biazzo, Indaco; Braunstein, Alfredo; Zecchina, Riccardo

2012-08-01

We study the behavior of an algorithm derived from the cavity method for the prize-collecting steiner tree (PCST) problem on graphs. The algorithm is based on the zero temperature limit of the cavity equations and as such is formally simple (a fixed point equation resolved by iteration) and distributed (parallelizable). We provide a detailed comparison with state-of-the-art algorithms on a wide range of existing benchmarks, networks, and random graphs. Specifically, we consider an enhanced derivative of the Goemans-Williamson heuristics and the dhea solver, a branch and cut integer linear programming based approach. The comparison shows that the cavity algorithm outperforms the two algorithms in most large instances both in running time and quality of the solution. Finally we prove a few optimality properties of the solutions provided by our algorithm, including optimality under the two postprocessing procedures defined in the Goemans-Williamson derivative and global optimality in some limit cases.

Faculty Involvement in Administration of Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.; Schmidt, Linda J.

1992-01-01

Contrasts the faculty-led administration of the Waldorf Schools founded by R. Steiner with the administration by local school councils established in the Chicago (Illinois) Public Schools through the School Reform Act. In Chicago, morale and status of teachers can be improved by increasing their administrative partnership. (SLD)

The Nature of Imagination in Education for Sustainability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jensen, Sally

2015-01-01

The importance of imagination in education has a significant history (Egan, 1986, 2001; Eisner, 1976; Greene, 1988; Steiner, 1954; Warnock, 1976); however, scholarship is often theoretical, and the involvement of imagination in understanding sustainability is often overlooked (Jones, 1995; Judson, 2010; Stewart, 2009). Imagination has rarely been…

The Common Vision. Reviews: Books.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chattin-McNichols, John

1998-01-01

Reviews Marshak's book describing the work of educators Maria Montessori, Rudolf Steiner, Aurobindo Ghose, and Inayat Khan. Maintains that the book gives clear, concise information on each educator and presents a common vision for children and their education; also maintains that it gives theoretical and practical information and discusses…

Aesthetic Discourses in Early Childhood Settings: Dewey, Steiner, and Vygotsky

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lim, Booyeun

2004-01-01

Early childhood, when young children are already capable of undergoing aesthetic experience, must be the starting point for aesthetic education. Despite increasing attention to the significant values of the arts in early childhood classrooms, no theoretical framework to support aesthetic education has been established. This article introduces the…

Alternative Education for the 21st Century: Philosophies, Approaches, Visions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Philip A., Ed.; Woods, Glenys J., Ed.

2008-01-01

This is a unique collection of leading examples of education grounded in alternative philosophies and cultures--from initiatives to create more democratic schools, through Quaker, Buddhist, Islamic, Montessori and Steiner/Waldorf schools, to Maori and First Nations education in Canada and Palestinian Jewish schools in Israel. Aimed at educational…

Democracy and Spiritual Awareness: Interconnections and Implications for Educational Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Glenys J.; Woods, Philip A.

2008-01-01

This article sets out theorisations of developmental democracy and spiritual awareness formulated in previous work by the authors. These are used to explore collegial leadership in a case study Steiner school, with the aim of illuminating and illustrating the transformative demands of developmental democracy and its interconnection with spiritual…

The Future of Literacy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Disch, Robert, Ed.

A variety of contributors explore the implications and the historical background of the future of literacy. We have inherited a belief that a vital literary tradition can uphold humane values, but events of twentieth century history have completely undermined faith in literacy as a stronghold of humanism. George Steiner suggests that literature is…

Towards a Pedagogy of Imagination: A Phenomenological Case Study of Holistic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nielsen, Thomas William

2006-01-01

This article offers a synthesis of my recently completed doctorate study of Rudolf Steiner's notion of imaginative teaching. Seven original imaginative teaching methods (drama, exploration, storytelling, routine, arts, discussion and empathy) are introduced via phenomenological moments, followed by analysis and discussion. The article concludes…

Expression and Activation of STAT Transcription Factors in Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-05-08

clinicians. J~, 273: 577-585, 1995. 183 Hundertmark 5, Buhler H, Rudolf M, Weitzel HK, Ragosch V: Inhibition of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase...activated protein kinase through a Jakl-dependent pathway. Mol. Cell. Bioi., 17:3833-40, 1997. Stewart JF, Rubens RO, King RJ, Minton MJ, Steiner R

International Survey of the Status of Waldorf Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

This international survey study was the first to examine the Waldorf School movement worldwide and focused on the teaching practices, curricula, educational outcomes, and positive program features of Waldorf schools, as well as problems encountered by Waldorf staff. The role of Rudolf Steiner's philosophy, anthroposophy, and its esoteric aspects…

"The City": The Rhetoric of Rhythm.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Medhurst, Martin J.; Benson, Thomas W.

1981-01-01

Case study of Ralph Steiner and Willard Van Dyke's classic documentary, "The City," a work of cinematic art and a record of the problems confronting urban planners. Discusses how the film builds a rhythmic pattern through dramatic structure, image content and composition, editing, music, and narration to enhance its rhetorical appeal. (JMF)

The autophagy-related marker LC3 can predict prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Lee, Yoo Jin; Hah, Yu Jin; Ha, Yu Jin; Kang, Yu Na; Kang, Koo Jeong; Hwang, Jae Seok; Chung, Woo Jin; Cho, Kwang Bum; Park, Kyung Sik; Kim, Eun Soo; Seo, Hye-Young; Kim, Mi-Kyung; Park, Keun-Gyu; Jang, Byoung Kuk

2013-01-01

Defects of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are related to many diseases and tumors. However, only a few studies have examined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as related to these processes. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression and extent of autophagy and ER stress-related markers in HCC and their influence on clinical characteristics and prognosis for each protein. The expression of autophagy-related markers (LC3 and Beclin-1) and ER stress-related markers (GRP78 and CHOP) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on tissues from completely resected specimens of 190 HCC patients. Their influence on clinicopathologic features and prognosis were evaluated using the chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Correlations of each protein were determined by Spearman's correlation analysis. LC3 expression was not correlated with TNM, BCLC stage, or Edmonson-Steiner grading, whereas it was correlated with longer overall survival (OS) (p = 0.039) and tended to be related with longer time to recurrence (TTR) (p=0.068) although it did not show statistical significance. Multivariate analysis indicated that LC3 expression was a significantly independent prognostic factor of OS (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22-0.80; p-value=0.009) and TTR (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33-0.90; p=0.017). Expression of LC3 in advanced stages of TNM (III) (p=0.045) and Edmonson-Steiner Grades (III and IV) (p=0.043) was correlated with longer survival, but not in the early stages. A positive correlation was not observed between the expression of autophagy-related markers and ER stress-related markers. Our results suggest that the expression and extent of LC3 might be a strong prognostic factor of HCC, especially in patients with surgical resection.

Primal-dual techniques for online algorithms and mechanisms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liaghat, Vahid

An offline algorithm is one that knows the entire input in advance. An online algorithm, however, processes its input in a serial fashion. In contrast to offline algorithms, an online algorithm works in a local fashion and has to make irrevocable decisions without having the entire input. Online algorithms are often not optimal since their irrevocable decisions may turn out to be inefficient after receiving the rest of the input. For a given online problem, the goal is to design algorithms which are competitive against the offline optimal solutions. In a classical offline scenario, it is often common to see a dual analysis of problems that can be formulated as a linear or convex program. Primal-dual and dual-fitting techniques have been successfully applied to many such problems. Unfortunately, the usual tricks come short in an online setting since an online algorithm should make decisions without knowing even the whole program. In this thesis, we study the competitive analysis of fundamental problems in the literature such as different variants of online matching and online Steiner connectivity, via online dual techniques. Although there are many generic tools for solving an optimization problem in the offline paradigm, in comparison, much less is known for tackling online problems. The main focus of this work is to design generic techniques for solving integral linear optimization problems where the solution space is restricted via a set of linear constraints. A general family of these problems are online packing/covering problems. Our work shows that for several seemingly unrelated problems, primal-dual techniques can be successfully applied as a unifying approach for analyzing these problems. We believe this leads to generic algorithmic frameworks for solving online problems. In the first part of the thesis, we show the effectiveness of our techniques in the stochastic settings and their applications in Bayesian mechanism design. In particular, we introduce new techniques for solving a fundamental linear optimization problem, namely, the stochastic generalized assignment problem (GAP). This packing problem generalizes various problems such as online matching, ad allocation, bin packing, etc. We furthermore show applications of such results in the mechanism design by introducing Prophet Secretary, a novel Bayesian model for online auctions. In the second part of the thesis, we focus on the covering problems. We develop the framework of "Disk Painting" for a general class of network design problems that can be characterized by proper functions. This class generalizes the node-weighted and edge-weighted variants of several well-known Steiner connectivity problems. We furthermore design a generic technique for solving the prize-collecting variants of these problems when there exists a dual analysis for the non-prize-collecting counterparts. Hence, we solve the online prize-collecting variants of several network design problems for the first time. Finally we focus on designing techniques for online problems with mixed packing/covering constraints. We initiate the study of degree-bounded graph optimization problems in the online setting by designing an online algorithm with a tight competitive ratio for the degree-bounded Steiner forest problem. We hope these techniques establishes a starting point for the analysis of the important class of online degree-bounded optimization on graphs.

The Big Disconnect: Your Student in Class vs. Your Student Online

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steiner-Adair, Catherine

2015-01-01

Catherine Steiner-Adair, clinical psychologist, has consulted for more than 350 independent and public schools, parents, and students, on a wide range of topics related to strengthening children's social and emotional development, shaping school culture, and deepening parents' connections to their children. Four years ago, she was able to collect…

Homer: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steiner, George, Ed.; Fagles, Robert, Ed.

One of a series of works aimed at presenting contemporary critical opinion on major authors, this collection includes essays by George Steiner, Leo Tolstoy, Ezra Pound, Erich Auerbach, Edwin Muir, Cedric H. Whitman, Albert B. Lord, W. H. Auden, Ernst Bloch, Georg Lukacs, C. Day Lewis, Gabriel Germain, Franz Kafka, Rachel Bespaloff, Robert…

Mimogonellus dreybrodti sp. n., a new cave-inhabiting Osoriinae from Laos (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).

PubMed

Yin, Zi-Wei; Steiner, Helmut

2017-10-17

A new osoriine species, Mimogonellus dreybrodti Yin & Steiner, sp. n., collected from a cave in Houaphanh Province, Laos, is described and illustrated. This represents the third Mimogonellus species in Asia, and the first in the genus known to inhabit a cave environment.

Creating Relational Spaces: Everyday Spirituality in Early Childhood Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bone, Jane

2008-01-01

This research addressed the question of how the spiritual experience of young children might be supported in early childhood educational settings. Qualitative case study research took place in three different contexts: a Montessori casa, a Rudolf Steiner kindergarten and a private preschool. Children aged 2 1/2-6 years, their parents and teachers…

Politics of Externalization in Reflexive Times: Reinventing Japanese Education Reform Discourses through "Finnish PISA Success"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Takayama, Keita

2010-01-01

Drawing on a critical theoretical paradigm and critically engaging with the externalization thesis that Gita Steiner-Khamsi and Jurgen Schriewer have developed, this article examines the politics of "Finnish education" in the ongoing Japanese education reform debate. More specifically, it examines the various discursive uses of…

Student Adjustment to Higher Education: The Role of Alternative Educational Pathways in Coping with the Demands of Student Life

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shankland, Rebecca; Genolini, Christophe; Franca, Lionel Riou; Guelfi, Julien-Daniel; Ionescu, Serban

2010-01-01

The present longitudinal study measured student adjustment to higher education, comparing 50 participants from alternative schools (Steiner, Montessori, New Schools) with 80 students from the traditional school system. We hypothesized that students from alternative schools adapt better, because of greater perceived social support, academic…

Peer Inquiry: Discovering What You Know through Dialogue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wix, Linney; John-Steiner, Vera

2008-01-01

The article discusses a dialogical peer inquiry process as a practice of co-constructing knowledge in graduate coursework. The process, formerly structured as an exam, was developed by Dr. Vera John-Steiner more than 30 years ago and has been implemented in adapted forms by her students in their teaching. The dialogical peer inquiry process…

THE INTERNATIONAL WALDORF SCHOOL MOVEMENT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

VON BARAVALLE, HERMANN

AN HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE WALDORF SCHOOL PLAN TRACES THE MOVEMENT FROM ITS FOUNDING IN STUTTGART, GERMANY IN 1919, BY THE WALDORF ASTORIA COMPANY AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF RUDOLF STEINER, TO ITS INTRODUCTION INTO SWITZERLAND, OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, THE AMERICAS, AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND SOUTH AFRICA, A TOTAL OF 175 SCHOOLS AS OF 1963. THE…

Learning That Grows with the Learner: An Introduction to Waldorf Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnes, Henry

1991-01-01

Waldorf education, rooted in the spiritual-scientific research of the Austrian scientist Rudolf Steiner, conceives man/woman as a three-fold being of spirit, soul, and body whose capacities unfold in three developmental stages: early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. Waldorf schools educate the whole human being--head, heart, and…

Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard Definition

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-03-01

Fichtl, "Rough to Smooth Transition of an Equilibrium Neutral Constant Stress Layer," NASA TM X-3322, (1975). 5-36 Geiger, Rudolf , The Climate Near the...Roy Steiner , and K. G. Pratt. "Dynamic Response of Airplanes to Atmospheric Turbulence Including Flight Data on Input and Response," NASA TR R-199

A Note on Time and Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leichter, Hope Jensen

1980-01-01

The temporal organization of the Rudolf Steiner School in New York City is examined in terms of daily or microtime, calendric time, and developmental time. The question of continuities over time, that is, the interweaving of past, present, and future, and the relation of these continuities to the transformations of education are also considered.…

Practical optimization of Steiner trees via the cavity method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braunstein, Alfredo; Muntoni, Anna

2016-07-01

The optimization version of the cavity method for single instances, called Max-Sum, has been applied in the past to the minimum Steiner tree problem on graphs and variants. Max-Sum has been shown experimentally to give asymptotically optimal results on certain types of weighted random graphs, and to give good solutions in short computation times for some types of real networks. However, the hypotheses behind the formulation and the cavity method itself limit substantially the class of instances on which the approach gives good results (or even converges). Moreover, in the standard model formulation, the diameter of the tree solution is limited by a predefined bound, that affects both computation time and convergence properties. In this work we describe two main enhancements to the Max-Sum equations to be able to cope with optimization of real-world instances. First, we develop an alternative ‘flat’ model formulation that allows the relevant configuration space to be reduced substantially, making the approach feasible on instances with large solution diameter, in particular when the number of terminal nodes is small. Second, we propose an integration between Max-Sum and three greedy heuristics. This integration allows Max-Sum to be transformed into a highly competitive self-contained algorithm, in which a feasible solution is given at each step of the iterative procedure. Part of this development participated in the 2014 DIMACS Challenge on Steiner problems, and we report the results here. The performance on the challenge of the proposed approach was highly satisfactory: it maintained a small gap to the best bound in most cases, and obtained the best results on several instances in two different categories. We also present several improvements with respect to the version of the algorithm that participated in the competition, including new best solutions for some of the instances of the challenge.

Pine wilt disease in Yunnan, China: Evidence of non-local pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coloptera: Cerambycidae) populations revealed by mitochondrial DNA

Treesearch

Da-Ying Fu; Shao-Ji Hu; Hui Ye; Robert A. Haack; Ping-Yang Zhou

2010-01-01

Monochamus alternatus (Hope) specimens were collected from nine geographical populations in China,where the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) was present. There were seven populations in southwestern China in Yunnan Province (Ruili,Wanding, Lianghe, Pu'er, Huaning, Stone Forest and Yongsheng),...

A Pleasurable Path to Literacy: Can Steiner Contribute to the Literacy Debate?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burnett, John

2007-01-01

Although the recent publication of the Rose Report appears to draw a line in the sand that privileges synthetic phonics over other methods in the UK, history indicates a pendulum swing of preference between whole-word and phonics since the advent of mass education. Suggesting that the current "victory" for exponents of synthetic phonics…

"Embodied Knowing": Exploring the Founding of the Melbourne Rudolf Steiner School in 1970S Victoria, Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bak, Tao

2018-01-01

Education in Victoria, Australia not only underwent significant change in the 1970s, but was witness to a widespread educational reform project. Whilst exploration of the more widespread alternatives has been of some interest, the smaller progressive traditions that emerged in some ways "alongside" the broader reforms have rarely been…

Principals as Partners with Literacy Coaches: Striking a Balance between Neglect and Interference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ippolito, Jacy

2009-01-01

What role must principals play in order to effectively support literacy coaching efforts? This is a question that many educators have begun to ask (Burkins, 2007; Casey, 2006; Kral, 2007; Shanklin, 2007; Steiner & Kowal, 2007; Toll, 2008). Some suggest that principals can establish close relationships with literacy coaches by offering a number…

Using the Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition to Characterize Language in Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Volden, Joanne; Smith, Isabel M.; Szatmari, Peter; Bryson, Susan; Fombonne, Eric; Mirenda, Pat; Roberts, Wendy; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Waddell, Charlotte; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Georgiades, Stelios; Duku, Eric; Thompson, Ann

2011-01-01

Purpose: The Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition (PLS-4; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002) was used to examine syntactic and semantic language skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to determine its suitability for use with this population. We expected that PLS-4 performance would be better in more…

Creativity and Complex Thoughts of Gifted Students from Contributions of Edgar Morin and Rudolf Steiner

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piske, Fernanda Hellen Ribeiro; Stoltz, Tania; Guérios, Ettiène; de Freitas, Samarah Perszel

2016-01-01

This study aims to highlight the importance of creativity in education of gifted children. Gifted students are generally individuals that talk with uncertainty because they are always looking for solutions and discoveries for their varied researches in their area of interest. These students need educational practices that develop creativity and…

Banach spaces that realize minimal fillings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bednov, B. B.; Borodin, P. A.

2014-04-01

It is proved that a real Banach space realizes minimal fillings for all its finite subsets (a shortest network spanning a fixed finite subset always exists and has the minimum possible length) if and only if it is a predual of L_1. The spaces L_1 are characterized in terms of Steiner points (medians). Bibliography: 25 titles.

Rudolf Steiner's Philosophy of Freedom as a Basis for Spiritual Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberski, Iddo

2011-01-01

The spiritual well-being of children is often thought to be an important goal and outcome of education. Such spiritual well-being is also implicitly assumed by the Human Rights Act, which includes the right to "freedom of thought, conscience and religion" [Article 18]. I argue that such freedom requires an education that fosters development of…

Maryblyt v. 7.1 for Windows: an improved fire blight forecasting program for apples and pears

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

This article describes updates found in Version 7.1 of the fire blight prediction model Maryblyt, originally developed by Paul Steiner and Gary Lightner. In addition, a brief history of the development of the Maryblyt model is given. The article ends with examples comparing the performance of Versio...

An Interpretation of Rudolf Steiner's Theory of Child Development and School Readiness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

Viewing human development as a process by which the human gains self-control, this essay argues that locomotion and speech are control-oriented motor movements and suggests that cognition is also a form of movement developed as the individual achieves control over his or her thinking processes. Support for this view of cognitive development is…

76 FR 70452 - Granting of Request for Early Termination of the Waiting Period Under the Premerger Notification...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-14

... plc; Cargill, Incorporated; Kerry Group plc. 10/25/2011 20120050 G J.C. Penney Company, Inc.; Liz Claiborne, Inc.; J.C. Penney Company, Inc. 10/26/2011 20120003 G Vista Equity Partners Fund IV, L.P.; The... Image Development, Inc.; Steiner Leisure Limited. 20120064 G Vention Medical, Inc.; Christine Bieber...

Looking Forward: Games, Rhymes and Exercises To Help Children Develop Their Learning Abilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

von Heider, Molly

The range of games, rhymes, songs, and exercises for children collected in this book are based on Rudolf Steiner's educational philosophy and are designed to lay the foundation for sound later learning. The book's chapters are: (1) "Learning Aids"; (2) "The Early Years"; (3) "Foot Exercises: Kindergarten or Class I, 5-7…

Child Development and the Coworking of Doctor and Teacher: A Waldorf School Doctor's Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karnow, Gerald F.

This paper draws on the nearly 20 years' experiences of a school doctor working with teachers at the Rudolf Steiner School in New York City to describe general principles of assessing child development in relation to educational progress. The paper contrasts the customary role of school doctors (related to conducting physical examinations for…

The Comparative Status of the Creative Thinking Ability of Waldorf Education Students: A Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ogletree, Earl J.

Waldorf Education, founded by Rudolf Steiner in 1919, is based on the philosophy of critical idealism, in which teachers assist in the natural unfolding of children's preexistent possibilities. But because there has been little research on Waldorf Education, few data have been gathered on the effectiveness of its teaching methods and…

The Common Vision: Parenting and Educating for Wholeness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marshak, David

2003-01-01

Presents a spiritually based view of needs and potentials of children and youth, from birth through age 21, based on works of Rudolf Steiner, Sri Aurobindo Ghose, and Hazrat Inayat Khan. Focuses on their common vision of the true nature of human beings, the course of human growth, and the desired functions of child rearing and education.…

Fermilab Today

Science.gov Websites

Theories 3:30 p.m. DIRECTOR'S COFFEE BREAK - 2nd Flr X-Over 4:00 p.m. Accelerator Physics and Technology ; --Siri Steiner Temporary restrictions transferring disk drives If your hard drive breaks down and you try to you. They are just following a new rule. According to a recent DOE memo, no hard disk drive or

The Mystery of Waldorf: A Turn-of-the-Century German Experiment on Today's American Soil.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberman, Ida

At its inception, Waldorf education was not to be a special, "boutique" reform. Nor was it to cater to children of a higher social standing. In fact, Waldorf broke out of the hierarchically tracked education system present in turn-of-the-century Germany. The founding father, Rudolf Steiner, called for a "Volks" pedagogy, a…

Nurturing the Aesthetic: Learning to Care for the Environment in a Waldorf School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grella, Melissa A.

2015-01-01

The purpose of the study was to explore the aesthetic foundation of the Waldorf pedagogy in order to understand how art and aesthetic experiences may develop care toward the environment. A form of humanistic education developed by Rudolf Steiner in the early twentieth century, Waldorf education is a learning model envisioned as a framework for…

Teaching Learning and Discipleship: Education beyond Knowledge Transfer

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wringe, Colin

2009-01-01

An attempt is made to identify what some have felt to be absent from recent official views as to how curricula and the transfer of knowledge are most performatively to be managed. To this end, particular conceptions of teaching and learning are proposed, and use is made of recent work by George Steiner in elaborating a third variant of the…

Voyage through Childhood into the Adult World: A Guide to Child Development. Lifeways Series. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frommer, Eva A.

Originally written for students at St. Thomas' Hospital in London, this guide to child development offers an overview of child development for parents, teachers, and all adults concerned with raising children. Many of the book's ideas come from direct work with children and draw on Rudolf Steiner's approach to child development. The book's…

Learning From Rudolf Steiner: The Relevance of Waldorf Education for Urban Public School Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberman, Ida

2007-01-01

The author of this paper investigates the relevance of Waldorf education for public urban school reform. Based on analysis of survey data from over 500 graduates of private U.S. Waldorf schools, review of documents from the Gates Foundation, and staff-interview and student-achievement data from four public Waldorf-methods schools, she develops…

Integrating Vocational and General Education: A Rudolf Steiner School. Case Study of the Hibernia School, Herne, Federal Republic of Germany. UIE Case Studies 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rist, Georg; Schneider, Peter

This study describes and analyzes the Hibernia School where the aim of curriculum articulation in its essential vertical and horizontal dimensions has been successfully converted into actual practice. (Curriculum articulation means the equal representation and integration of three major components--artistic, practical, and academic learning.)…

Intellect, Dream and Action: Story-Telling in Steiner Schools in New Zealand and the Embedding of Indigenous Narrative Knowledge in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burnett, John

2015-01-01

This paper argues that the historic mode of expression for Indigenous knowledge has been essentially visionary and mythic, often grounded in oral traditions of great antiquity. Essentially, communication of this knowledge has had a poetic "supernormal" character, employing imagery that can be interpreted on many levels. The danger of…

Teacher Education Homing In on Content: National Project Also Tied to Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobson, Linda

2005-01-01

Just upstairs from an exhibit on African culture at the American Museum of Natural History, Robert V. Steiner sits in front of his laptop computer and clicks on an "interactive animation" that illustrates the concept of frames of reference. On the screen, a glowing basketball bounces up and down against a black background. After watching…

On the Effectiveness of Wastewater Cylindrical Reactors: an Analysis Through Steiner Symmetrization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Díaz, J. I.; Gómez-Castro, D.

2016-03-01

The mathematical analysis of the shape of chemical reactors is studied in this paper through the research of the optimization of its effectiveness η such as introduced by R. Aris around 1960. Although our main motivation is the consideration of reactors specially designed for the treatment of wastewaters our results are relevant also in more general frameworks. We simplify the modeling by assuming a single chemical reaction with a monotone kinetics leading to a parabolic equation with a non-necessarily differentiable function. In fact we consider here the case of a single, non-reversible catalysis reaction of chemical order q, 00). We assume the chemical reactor of cylindrical shape Ω =G× (0,H) with G and open regular set of {R}2 not necessarily symmetric. We show that among all the sections G with prescribed area the ball is the set of lowest effectiveness η (t,G). The proof uses the notions of Steiner rearrangement. Finally, we show that if the height H is small enough then the effectiveness can be made as close to 1 as desired.

Roy-Steiner-equation analysis of pion-nucleon scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoferichter, Martin; Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2016-04-01

We review the structure of Roy-Steiner equations for pion-nucleon scattering, the solution for the partial waves of the t-channel process ππ → N ¯ N, as well as the high-accuracy extraction of the pion-nucleon S-wave scattering lengths from data on pionic hydrogen and deuterium. We then proceed to construct solutions for the lowest partial waves of the s-channel process πN → πN and demonstrate that accurate solutions can be found if the scattering lengths are imposed as constraints. Detailed error estimates of all input quantities in the solution procedure are performed and explicit parameterizations for the resulting low-energy phase shifts as well as results for subthreshold parameters and higher threshold parameters are presented. Furthermore, we discuss the extraction of the pion-nucleon σ-term via the Cheng-Dashen low-energy theorem, including the role of isospin-breaking corrections, to obtain a precision determination consistent with all constraints from analyticity, unitarity, crossing symmetry, and pionic-atom data. We perform the matching to chiral perturbation theory in the subthreshold region and detail the consequences for the chiral convergence of the threshold parameters and the nucleon mass.

The Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI), an electronic musical wind controller for playing synthesizers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, Nyle A.

2004-05-01

The Electronic Valve Instrument (EVI) is an electronic musical wind instrument with playing techniques similar to that of a trumpet. Invented by Nyle Steiner in the early 1970's, it was designed to give the performer control of dynamics from breath pressure and the ability to make a humanly generated vibrato. Other musical paramaters can be controlled as well. It has a playing range of seven octaves (similar to that of a piano). When musical lines are played using this instrument (controller) connected to an electronic music synthesizer, the sound is much more natural sounding and expressive than when a normal musical keyboard is used. The evolution of this instrument from the pre-Midi era to it latest Midi configuration, principles of operation, synthesizer programming, and its wide use in movie and TV scoring will be discussed. The EVI has played featured musical lines in many major movie soundtracks and TV shows such as Apocalypse Now, Witness, Dead Poets Society, Fatal Attraction, No Way Out, Gorillas in the Mist, and many others. The EVI design has also been adapted as an Electronic Woodwind Instrument (EWI) by Nyle Steiner and has been manufactured and sold worldwide by the AKAI Co. in Japan.

Comparative study of dental cephalometric patterns of Japanese-Brazilian, Caucasian and Mongoloid patients

PubMed Central

Sathler, Renata; Pinzan, Arnaldo; Fernandes, Thais Maria Freire; de Almeida, Renato Rodrigues; Henriques, José Fernando Castanha

2014-01-01

Introduction The objective of this study was to identify the patterns of dental variables of adolescent Japanese-Brazilian descents with normal occlusion, and also to compare them with a similar Caucasian and Mongoloid sample. Methods Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to compare the groups: Caucasian (n = 40), Japanese-Brazilian (n = 32) and Mongoloid (n = 33). The statistical tests used were one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA. The cephalometric measurements used followed the analyses of Steiner, Tweed and McNamara Jr. Results Statistical differences (P < 0.05) indicated a smaller interincisal angle and overbite for the Japanese-Brazilian sample, when compared to the Caucasian sample, although with similar values to the Mongoloid group. Conclusion The dental patterns found for the Japanese-Brazilian descents were, in general, more similar to those of the Mongoloid sample. PMID:25279521

Research Needs for Human Factors.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-19

the parties aggregate their perspectives through some structured interaction (Sachman, 1975; Steiner, 1972). This approach, well worked by students of...be thought of as an action, so may each action be thought of as a decision. Most students of decision making would probably agree with the hypothesis...structuring has become part of the training of some medical students . The user of computerized information retrieval systems (e.g., Prestel, Teletext) might

Agent-based Approaches to Dynamic Team Simulation

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

Pittsburgh Reviewed by Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Institute for Organizational Assessment Approved and released by David L. Alderton, Ph.D. Director...architects as artistic or of clerks as conventional. Steiner (1972) proposed a functional taxonomy recently adopted by Barrick, Stewart, Neubert ... Paul (1998) again found agreeableness to account for 8 percent of the variance in measures of fit to an organization. There appears to be better

A State-Independent Education for Citizenship? Comparing Beliefs and Values Related to Civic and Moral Issues among Students in Swedish Mainstream and Steiner Waldorf Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahlin, Bo

2010-01-01

In the wake of globalisation, multiculturalism, and the "marketisation" of schools the education-for-citizenship question in relation to state and independent schools seems increasingly relevant. This paper is based on a comparison of beliefs and values related to civic and moral issues among students in Swedish mainstream and Steiner…

Here's What You Must Think about Nuclear Power: Grappling with the Spiritual Ground of Children's Judgement inside and outside Steiner Waldorf Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ashley, Martin

2008-01-01

The author has previously argued against "early closure"--the tendency to close down children's curiosity through an over-zealous approach to issues-based education. Indoctrination might be a result but "burn-out," a potentially permanent attitude change that sets in before puberty, is more likely. This article is based on the…

Geographical variation in seasonality and life history of pine sawyer beetles Monochamus spp: its relationship with phoresy by the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

Treesearch

Carla S. Pimentel; Matthew P. Ayres; Vallery Erich; Chris Young; Douglas Streett

2014-01-01

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), the pinewood nematode and the causal agent of the pine wilt disease, is a globally important invasive pathogen of pine forests. It is phoretic in woodborer beetles of the genus Monochamus (Megerle) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) and has been able to exploit novel indigenous species of...

Business Culture and the Death of Public Education: Mayor Bloomberg, David Steiner, and the Politics of Corporate "Leadership"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Henry A.

2011-01-01

This article provides a case study of how a business culture imposes modes of educational leadership on a public school system in New York City that has little if any concerns for empowering children, teachers, and the communities. The article provides a counter-narrative that serves to dispel the notion that the culture of educational empowerment…

A Computational Study of the Chemical Kinetics of Hydrogen Combustion.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-28

204), 465 (1951). 22. D.R. Warren, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser A(211), 86 (1952). 23. D.R. Stull and H. Prophet, JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 2nd...G. von Elbe and B. Lewis, J. Chem. Phys.. 9. p. 194 (1941). 61. A.M. Dean . D.C. Steiner and E.E. Wang, Combustion and Flame. 32, p. 73 (1978). 62. C.C

The Common Vision: Parenting and Educating for Wholeness. Counterpoints: Studies in the Postmodern Theory of Education, Volume 48.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marshak, David

This book describes the needs and potentials of children and youth from birth to age 21, based on a holistic understanding of what human beings are and can become. The description is based on the insights of three early twentieth-century spiritual teachers--Rudolf Steiner, Aurobindo Ghose, and Inayat Khan--whose works, the book claims, articulate…

Understanding Children's Drawings: The Path to Manhood. With "Notes on the Study of Man," By Wolfgang Schad.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strauss, Michaela

Based on the notes of Hanns Strauss and his collection of 6,000 drawings by 2- to 7-year-olds, this book describes the stages of development of children's drawings by using the framework of Rudolf Steiner's "anthroposophical" science. In the introduction, the early development of children's drawing is compared with works of art left by…

Reducing Bias and Increasing Precision by Adding Either a Pretest Measure of the Study Outcome or a Nonequivalent Comparison Group to the Basic Regression Discontinuity Design: An Example from Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tang, Yang; Cook, Thomas D.; Kisbu-Sakarya, Yasemin

2015-01-01

Regression discontinuity design (RD) has been widely used to produce reliable causal estimates. Researchers have validated the accuracy of RD design using within study comparisons (Cook, Shadish & Wong, 2008; Cook & Steiner, 2010; Shadish et al, 2011). Within study comparisons examines the validity of a quasi-experiment by comparing its…

The Army Learning Organisation Questionnaire: Developing a Valid and Reliable Measure of Learning Organisation Characteristics

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-01

Telephone: 1300 333 362 Fax: (03) 9626 7999 © Commonwealth of Australia 2014 AR-016-028 July 2014 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE... Pallant , 2007; Steiner & Norman, 2003). Validity is assessed using nomological network and its relationship to item construction using theoretical...alpha (Cronbach, 1951; De Vellis, 2003; Nunnally, 1978; Pallant , 2007; Streiner & Norman, 2003, 2008). Cronbach’s alpha builds on the utility of the

Avoiding reification. Heuristic effectiveness of mathematics and the prediction of the Ω- particle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ginammi, Michele

2016-02-01

According to Steiner (1998), in contemporary physics new important discoveries are often obtained by means of strategies which rely on purely formal mathematical considerations. In such discoveries, mathematics seems to have a peculiar and controversial role, which apparently cannot be accounted for by means of standard methodological criteria. M. Gell-Mann and Y. Ne'eman's prediction of the Ω- particle is usually considered a typical example of application of this kind of strategy. According to Bangu (2008), this prediction is apparently based on the employment of a highly controversial principle-what he calls the "reification principle". Bangu himself takes this principle to be methodologically unjustifiable, but still indispensable to make the prediction logically sound. In the present paper I will offer a new reconstruction of the reasoning that led to this prediction. By means of this reconstruction, I will show that we do not need to postulate any "reificatory" role of mathematics in contemporary physics and I will contextually clarify the representative and heuristic role of mathematics in science.

Lower bounds to energies for cusped-gaussian wavefunctions. [hydrogen atom ground state

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eaves, J. O.; Walsh, B. C.; Steiner, E.

1974-01-01

Calculations for the ground states of H, He, and Be, conducted by Steiner and Sykes (1972), show that the inclusion of a very small number of cusp functions can lead to a substantial enhancement of the quality of the Gaussian basis used in molecular wavefunction computations. The properties of the cusped-Gaussian basis are investigated by a calculation of lower bounds concerning the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom.

The Army Communications Objectives Measurement System (ACOMS): Survey Analysis Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-01

Analysis Plan 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Gregory H. Gaertner (Westat) and Timothy W. Elig (ARI), editors 13a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 14. DATE OF...such as those of Lavidge and Steiner (1961), McGuire (1969), and Fishbein and Azjen (1975). Fishbein and Azjen (1975) and Aaker (1975) present...for college, challenge and personal development, or patriotic service). Corresponding to these beliefs are evaluations of the importance of these

Konrad Adenauer’s Military Advisors

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-13

Ausgabe. Hans-Peter Schwarz and 45 Rudolf Morsey, Hg. Vol. 1, Briefe 1945-1947 hg. v. Hans Peter Mensing. Berlin: Siedler Verlag, 1983. Vol. 2, Briefe 1949...Dietrich, Rudolf Morsey and Hans-Peter Schwarz, ed. Quellen zur Geschichte des Parlarnentarismus und der politischen Partein. Bd. 3, Auftakt zur Ara...New York: Penguin, 1982. Steiner , Jirg. European Democracies. New York: Longman, 1986. Taylor, A.J.P. The Origens of the Second World War. 2d. ed. New

Equitable PERSTEMPO - The Challenge for Long-Term Deployed Armed Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-04-07

substantial impact on the operational effectiveness of the Bundeswehr of the future.  Rudolf Scharping Former Federal Minister of Defense The vision...Federal Minister of Defense, Rudolf Scharping, initiated a new force planning by means of the so-called "Cornerstones Paper" on 01 June 2000, the Chief of...Annex 1) 77 Rainer Marr, Timea Biro, and Karin Steiner , Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf des Soldaten – Moeglichkeiten und Grenzen einer

Beginning of the End: The Leadership of SS Obersturmbannfuehrer Jochen Peiper

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-06-17

of Rudolf Lehmann and Ralf Tiemann on the Leibstandarte are based on the Bundesarchiven (National Archives) in Koblenz and Freiburg in Germany...Hans Schmidt, Paul Hausser, Richard Schulze-Kossens, Rudolf Lehmann, and Ralf Tiemann. Some German sources are at odds with American sources, but that...or a constitution. Among the men who set up the first military training for the Waffen-SS were Felix Steiner and Cassius Freiherr (Baron) von

Effect of Multiple Simultaneous Vaccines on Polio Seroresponse and Associated Health Outcomes

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

Broderick M. Steven Oberste Deborah Moore Sandra Romero-Steiner Christian J. Hansen Dennis J. Faix Report No. 13-53 The views expressed in...michael.broderick@med.navy.mil (M.P. Broderick ). 1 Current address: Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, CDC, tlanta, GA 30333, USA. ttp...titers examined were those of polio, not of other vaccines givenM.P. Broderick et al. / V utcomes were associated with receipt of the same vaccinations

Moon phase at the dates of birth and decease of anthroposophic pioneers.

PubMed

Verhulst, J

2000-04-01

Early adherents of Rudolf Steiner, the founder of the anthroposophical movement, tend to be born and to die during the dark half of the lunar month. There is significant correlation (P = 0.03) between the distributions of the lunar elongation at birth and at decease. However, this correlation does not operate at the level of individuals, suggesting that the effects of birth date and death date are statistically independent. Copyright 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.

The Cut of the Scythe

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-03

Adolf Hitler, the German dictator, however, had different ideas. His Wehrmecht Adjutant, Colonel Rudolf Schmudt 2 , discussed the Fuehrer’s desire...fl A,- 1.. 4Wr uCCe a A ft nha Zf iao zar *s*wft 194I (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Yerleg GMBh, 1957), p. 9. 2Rudolf Schmunt vas born on Auguot 13, 1896...of Chief, Army Personnel Office. General of the Infantry, Rudolf Schmundt died from his wounds on October 10, 1944, In a field hospital at Ratzeburg

Streamflow forecasting and data assimilation: bias in precipitation, soil moisture states, and groundwater fluxes.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCreight, J. L.; Gochis, D. J.; Hoar, T.; Dugger, A. L.; Yu, W.

2014-12-01

Uncertainty in precipitation forcing, soil moisture states, and model groundwater fluxes are first-order sources of error in streamflow forecasting. While near-surface estimates of soil moisture are now available from satellite, very few soil moisture observations below 5 cm depth or groundwater discharge estimates are available for operational forecasting. Radar precipitation estimates are subject to large biases, particularly during extreme events (e.g. Steiner et al., 2010) and their correction is not typically available in real-time. Streamflow data, however, are readily available in near-real-time and can be assimilated operationally to help constrain uncertainty in these uncertain states and improve streamflow forecasts. We examine the ability of streamflow observations to diagnose bias in the three most uncertain variables: precipitation forcing, soil moisture states, and groundwater fluxes. We investigate strategies for their subsequent bias correction. These include spinup and calibration strategies with and without the use of data assimilation and the determination of the proper spinup timescales. Global and spatially distributed multipliers on the uncertain states included in the assimilation state vector (e.g. Seo et al., 2003) will also be evaluated. We examine real cases and observing system simulation experiments for both normal and extreme rainfall events. One of our test cases considers the Colorado Front Range flood of September 2013 where the range of disagreement amongst five precipitation estimates spanned a factor of five with only one exhibiting appreciable positive bias (Gochis et al, submitted). Our experiments are conducted using the WRF-Hydro model with the NoahMP land surface component and the data assimilation research testbed (DART). A variety of ensemble data assimilation approaches (filters) are considered. ReferencesGochis, DJ, et al. "The Great Colorado Flood of September 2013" BAMS (Submitted 4-7-14). Seo, DJ, V Koren, and N Cajina. "Real-time variational assimilation of hydrologic and hydrometeorological data into operational hydrologic forecasting." J Hydromet (2003). Steiner, Matthias, JA Smith, SJ Burges, CV Alonso, and RW Darden. "Effect of bias adjustment and rain gauge data quality control on radar rainfall estimation." WRR (1999).

Antibiotic use in early childhood and the development of asthma.

PubMed

Wickens, K; Pearce, N; Crane, J; Beasley, R

1999-06-01

Recent investigations have focused on the role of infections in infancy in promoting or protecting against the subsequent development of asthma. A related hypothesis concerns the possible role of medical responses to infections, including the widespread use of antibiotics. We chose children at Rudolf Steiner schools to test this latter hypothesis because a significant proportion of parents rejects the use of conventional treatments, including antibiotics. Seventy-five per cent (n = 456) of parents of children aged 5-10 years attending Rudolf Steiner schools throughout New Zealand completed questionnaires which included questions on the use of antibiotics and a history of asthma and wheeze in their children. After controlling for potential confounders, antibiotic use was significantly associated with having a history of asthma (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.10-6.85) or wheeze (OR = 1. 86, 95% CI: 1.06-3.26) but not with current wheeze (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.54-2-16). The adjusted odds ratio for asthma was 4.05 (95% CI: 1.55-10.59) if antibiotics were used in the first year of life and 1. 64 (95% CI: 0.60-4.46) if antibiotics had been used only after the first year of life when compared with children who had never used antibiotics. The number of courses of antibiotics during the first year of life was also associated with increased odds ratios for asthma: 2.27 (95% CI: 1.14-4.51) for one to two courses and 4.02 (95% CI: 1.57-10.31) for three or more courses when compared with no antibiotic use in the first year of life. Although not significant, the association of antibiotics and hay fever (OR = 1.99 [95% CI: 0. 93-4.26]) was of a similar strength to the association of antibiotics with a history of wheeze. Antibiotics were not significantly associated with eczema (OR = 1.23 [95% CI: 0.71-2.13]). Antibiotic use in infancy may be associated with an increased risk of developing asthma. Further study is required to determine the reasons for this association.

Meningococcal Disease in US Military Personnel Before and after Adoption of Conjugate Vaccine

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-01

after Adoption of Conjugate Vaccine Michael P. Broderick , Christopher Phillips, Dennis Faix Author affiliation: Naval Health Research Center, San Diego...1964–1998. Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 35:1376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/344273 8. Broderick MP, Faix DJ, Hansen CJ, Blair PJ. Trends in meningo...1988. p. 445–7. 10. Patel M, Romero-Steiner S, Broderick MP, Thomas CG, Plikaytis BD, Schmidt DS, et al. Persistence of serogroup C antibody

Acute Oral Toxicity of Trimethylolethane Trinitrate (TMETN) in Sprague- Dawley Rats

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

classification scheme of Hodge and Steiner, these results indicate that TMETN is a slightly toxic compound.1 20. ON-RIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACT...the classification scheme of Hodge and Sterner, these results indcate that TMETN is a slightly toxic compound. KEY WORDS: Acute Oral Toxicit-y...Dawley rats and 1027.4 63.7 mg/kg in female Sprague-Dawley rats. These MLD values place TMETN in the "slightly toxic" range by the system of Hodge and

Center for Composites Manufacturing Science, Reliability and Maintainability Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-30

Sei$uk I. Gü$eri Michael T. Klein Stuart H. Munson-McGee Azar Parvizi- Majidi R. Byron Pipes Dick J. Wilkins Program Coordinators: Azar Parvizi... Majidi c87> Stuart H. Munson-McGee crc-’s») Karl V. Steiner en) 30 January 1992 92-11298 U. S. Army Research Office Approved for Public Release...microstructure-property rela- tionships for 3-D woven composites (graduate student: B. LaMattina; advisor: A. Parvizi- Majidi ). • Construction of a cure

Combinatorial Problems of Applied Discrete Mathematics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

204 .I (30) 3. Steiner, Combinatorische Aufgabe, Z. Reine Angew. Math. 45 (1853) 18 1—182. (31) IC. Takeuchi, A table of difference sets generating...Assoc. Fr. Ay. Sd . 1 (1900) 122— 123; 2 (1901) 170—203. • (33) R.M. Wilson, Cyclotomy and difference fam ilies in elementary Abelian groups , 3. Number...the differe nt cliques containing either A or B. Let us first introduce the following notations. If A is a vertex in G, then 1(A) denotes the set of

Identification of Two Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes on Chromosome 17p13.3: Assessment of Their Roles in Breast and Ovarian Carcinogenesis.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-01

has also been reported in primitive neuroectodermal tumors (19), carcinoma of the cervix uteri (20), medulloblastoma, osteosarcoma (21), astrocytoma...Knudson, A. G., Jr. Oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. In: W. J. Hoskins, C. A. Perez, and R. C. Young (eds.), Principles and Practice of... Young , B. D., Nakayama, K., and Steiner, D. F. Processing of wild-type and mutant proinsulin-like growth factor-IA by subtilisin-related proprotein

Military Use of Women in Combat: An Historical Perspective.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-03-01

jungle. rhe Viet Cong were adept at using women in recruiting and indoctrination roles. Being a matriarchal society the prestige of the women was...brought to bear in many ways to induce men to join. Donnell is quicc to point out that sexual allure is forbidden in that society and its use as a...J.C., Dec 1967 21. Steiner,Shaci, The Female Factor,. a Study f Women in fie Wstern European societies , p. 131, 247 to 249, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1977

The Role of Western Germany in West European Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

1966-04-08

Ralph. Modern German History. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1964. (DD175 F5) 34. German Research Association. Germany: Franz Steiner Verlag Gmb...and Rudolf , Walter. This Germany. New York: New York Graphic Society Publishers, Ltd., 1954. (DD257 L42) 39. Heidenheimer, Arnold J. The Government...202-07, 243. 47. Lauder, K. H. A Brief Review of Science and Technoloc in Western Germany. London: HIISO, 1955. (Q18 G4G7) 48. Leonhardt, Rudolf Walter

Manual tracing versus smartphone application (app) tracing: a comparative study.

PubMed

Sayar, Gülşilay; Kilinc, Delal Dara

2017-11-01

This study aimed to compare the results of conventional manual cephalometric tracing with those acquired with smartphone application cephalometric tracing. The cephalometric radiographs of 55 patients (25 females and 30 males) were traced via the manual and app methods and were subsequently examined with Steiner's analysis. Five skeletal measurements, five dental measurements and two soft tissue measurements were managed based on 21 landmarks. The durations of the performances of the two methods were also compared. SNA (Sella, Nasion, A point angle) and SNB (Sella, Nasion, B point angle) values for the manual method were statistically lower (p < .001) than those for the app method. The ANB value for the manual method was statistically lower than that of app method. L1-NB (°) and upper lip protrusion values for the manual method were statistically higher than those for the app method. Go-GN/SN, U1-NA (°) and U1-NA (mm) values for manual method were statistically lower than those for the app method. No differences between the two methods were found in the L1-NB (mm), occlusal plane to SN, interincisal angle or lower lip protrusion values. Although statistically significant differences were found between the two methods, the cephalometric tracing proceeded faster with the app method than with the manual method.

Geoelectric Characterization of Thermal Water Aquifers Using 2.5D Inversion of VES Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gyulai, Á.; Szűcs, P.; Turai, E.; Baracza, M. K.; Fejes, Z.

2017-03-01

This paper presents a short theoretical summary of the series expansion-based 2.5D combined geoelectric weighted inversion (CGWI) method and highlights the advantageous way with which the number of unknowns can be decreased due to the simultaneous characteristic of this inversion. 2.5D CGWI is an approximate inversion method for the determination of 3D structures, which uses the joint 2D forward modeling of dip and strike direction data. In the inversion procedure, the Steiner's most frequent value method is applied to the automatic separation of dip and strike direction data and outliers. The workflow of inversion and its practical application are presented in the study. For conventional vertical electrical sounding (VES) measurements, this method can determine the parameters of complex structures more accurately than the single inversion method. Field data show that the 2.5D CGWI which was developed can determine the optimal location for drilling an exploratory thermal water prospecting well. The novelty of this research is that the measured VES data in dip and strike direction are jointly inverted by the 2.5D CGWI method.

The interaction of the outflow with the molecular disk in the Active Galactic Nucleus of NGC 6951

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

May, D.; Steiner, J. E.; Ricci, T. V.; Menezes, R. B.; Andrade, I. S.

2015-02-01

Context: we present a study of the central 200 pc of NGC 6951, in the optical and NIR, taken with the Gemini North Telescope integral field spectrographs, with resolution of ~ 0''.1 Methods: we used a set of image processing techniques, as the filtering of high spatial and spectral frequencies, Richardson-Lucy deconvolution and PCA Tomography (Steiner et al. 2009) to map the distribution and kinematics of the emission lines. Results: we found a thick molecular disk, with the ionization cone highly misaligned.

Environmentally friendly education: A passive solar, straw-bale school

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stone, L.; Dickinson, J.

The Waldorf students in the Roaring Fork Valley of western Colorado are learning their reading, writing and arithmetic in the cozy confines of a solar heated, naturally lit, straw-bale school. The Waldorf education system, founded in 1919 by Austrian Rudolph Steiner, stresses what's appropriate for the kids, not what's easiest to teach. In constructing a new school, the Waldorf community wanted a building that would reflect their philosophy. There was a long list of requirements: natural, energy efficient, light, warm, alive, and earthy. Passive solar straw-bale construction brought together all those qualities.

The Laws of Nature and the Effectiveness of Mathematics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dorato, Mauro

In this paper I try to evaluate what I regard as the main attempts at explaining the effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences, namely (1) Antinaturalism, (2) Kantism, (3) Semanticism, (4) Algorithmic Complexity Theory. The first position has been defended by Mark Steiner, who claims that the "user friendliness" of nature for the applied mathematician is the best argument against a naturalistic explanation of the origin of the universe. The second is naturalistic and mixes the Kantian tradition with evolutionary studies about our innate mathematical abilities. The third turns to the Fregean tradition and considers mathematics a particular kind of language, thus treating the effectiveness of mathematics as a particular instance of the effectiveness of natural languages. The fourth hypothesis, building on formal results by Kolmogorov, Solomonov and Chaitin, claims that mathematics is so useful in describing the natural world because it is the science of the abbreviation of sequences, and mathematically formulated laws of nature enable us to compress the information contained in the sequence of numbers in which we code our observations. In this tradition, laws are equivalent to the shortest algorithms capable of generating the lists of zeros and ones representing the empirical data. Along the way, I present and reject the "deflationary explanation", which claims that in wondering about the applicability of so many mathematical structures to nature, we tend to forget the many cases in which no application is possible.

A Controlled Design of Ripple-Like Polyamide-6 Nanofiber/Nets Membrane for High-Efficiency Air Filter.

PubMed

Zhang, Shichao; Liu, Hui; Zuo, Fenglei; Yin, Xia; Yu, Jianyong; Ding, Bin

2017-03-01

The filtration capacity of fibrous media for airborne particles is restricted by their thick diameter, low porosity, and limited frontal area. The ability to solve this problem would have broad technological implications for various air filtration applications; despite many past efforts, it remains a great challenge to achieve. Herein, a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate the ripple-like polyamide-6 nanofiber/nets (PA-6 NF/N) air filter via combining electrospinning/netting technique with receiving substrate design is demonstrated. This proposed approach allows the scaffold filaments to orderly embed into 2D PA-6 nanonets layer with Steiner-tree structures and nanoscale diameter of ≈20 nm, resulting in the ripple-like membrane with extremely small pore size, highly porous structure, and hugely extended frontal surface, by facilely adjusting its pleat span and pleat pitch. These unique structural advantages enable the ripple-like PA-6 NF/N filter to filtrate the ultrafine particles with high removal efficiency of 99.996%, low air resistance of 95 Pa, and robust quality factor of >0.11 Pa -1 ; using its superlight weight of 0.9 g m -2 and physical sieving manner. This approach has the potentialities to give rise to a novel generation of filter media displaying enhanced filtration capacity for various applications thanks to their nanoscale features and designed macrostructures. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Determination of aminopolycarboxylic acids in river water by solid-phase extraction on activated charcoal cartridges and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Method performance characteristics and estimation of the uncertainty.

PubMed

Jiménez, Juan J

2013-04-03

A new sample preparation procedure to determine aminopolycarboxylic acids (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA, nitrilotriacetic acid, NTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, DTPA, and cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid, CDTA) in river water is described. The procedure consists of the solid-phase extraction of the aminopolycaroxyllic acids on activated charcoal cartridges after increasing the ionic strength and acidifying the sample. The extract was eluted with methanol and the analytes were methylated in presence of BF3/methanol to determine them by GC with mass spectrometric detection. Recoveries were higher than 90% with good repeatabilities and inter-day precision for concentrations close to quantification limits (about 10 μg L(-1)) and higher. It has been verified that the proposed method is robust according to the Youden and Steiner test and free of matrix effects arisen from the presence of organic matter and iron(III) as deduced from statistical tests. A bottom-up approach was followed to estimate the uncertainty of the measured concentration. At concentrations close to 10 μg L(-1) the most relevant step of the method is the calculus of the interpolated concentration which has a high value of relative standard uncertainty. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Characterizing the degree of convective clustering using radar reflectivity and its application to evaluating model simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, W. Y.; Kim, D.; Rowe, A.; Park, S.

2017-12-01

Despite the impact of mesoscale convective organization on the properties of convection (e.g., mixing between updrafts and environment), parameterizing the degree of convective organization has only recently been attempted in cumulus parameterization schemes (e.g., Unified Convection Scheme UNICON). Additionally, challenges remain in determining the degree of convective organization from observations and in comparing directly with the organization metrics in model simulations. This study addresses the need to objectively quantify the degree of mesoscale convective organization using high quality S-PolKa radar data from the DYNAMO field campaign. One of the most noticeable aspects of mesoscale convective organization in radar data is the degree of convective clustering, which can be characterized by the number and size distribution of convective echoes and the distance between them. We propose a method of defining contiguous convective echoes (CCEs) using precipitating convective echoes identified by a rain type classification algorithm. Two classification algorithms, Steiner et al. (1995) and Powell et al. (2016), are tested and evaluated against high-resolution WRF simulations to determine which method better represents the degree of convective clustering. Our results suggest that the CCEs based on Powell et al.'s algorithm better represent the dynamical properties of the convective updrafts and thus provide the basis of a metric for convective organization. Furthermore, through a comparison with the observational data, the WRF simulations driven by the DYNAMO large-scale forcing, similarly applied to UNICON Single Column Model simulations, will allow us to evaluate the ability of both WRF and UNICON to simulate convective clustering. This evaluation is based on the physical processes that are explicitly represented in WRF and UNICON, including the mechanisms leading to convective clustering, and the feedback to the convective properties.

Extracting the σ-term from low-energy pion-nucleon scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruiz de Elvira, Jacobo; Hoferichter, Martin; Kubis, Bastian; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2018-02-01

We present an extraction of the pion-nucleon (π N) scattering lengths from low-energy π N scattering, by fitting a representation based on Roy-Steiner equations to the low-energy data base. We show that the resulting values confirm the scattering-length determination from pionic atoms, and discuss the stability of the fit results regarding electromagnetic corrections and experimental normalization uncertainties in detail. Our results provide further evidence for a large π N σ-term, {σ }π N=58(5) {{MeV}}, in agreement with, albeit less precise than, the determination from pionic atoms.

Relativistic Newtonian Dynamics under a central force

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Friedman, Yaakov

2016-10-01

Planck's formula and General Relativity indicate that potential energy influences spacetime. Using Einstein's Equivalence Principle and an extension of his Clock Hypothesis, an explicit description of this influence is derived. We present a new relativity model by incorporating the influence of the potential energy on spacetime in Newton's dynamics for motion under a central force. This model extends the model used by Friedman and Steiner (EPL, 113 (2016) 39001) to obtain the exact precession of Mercury without curving spacetime. We also present a solution of this model for a hydrogen-like atom, which explains the reason for a probabilistic description.

Elastic pion-nucleon scattering in chiral perturbation theory: A fresh look

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siemens, D.; Bernard, V.; Epelbaum, E.; Gasparyan, A.; Krebs, H.; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2016-07-01

Elastic pion-nucleon scattering is analyzed in the framework of chiral perturbation theory up to fourth order within the heavy-baryon expansion and a covariant approach based on an extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme. We discuss in detail the renormalization of the various low-energy constants and provide explicit expressions for the relevant β functions and the finite subtractions of the power-counting breaking terms within the covariant formulation. To estimate the theoretical uncertainty from the truncation of the chiral expansion, we employ an approach which has been successfully applied in the most recent analysis of the nuclear forces. This allows us to reliably extract the relevant low-energy constants from the available scattering data at low energy. The obtained results provide clear evidence that the breakdown scale of the chiral expansion for this reaction is related to the Δ resonance. The explicit inclusion of the leading contributions of the Δ isobar is demonstrated to substantially increase the range of applicability of the effective field theory. The resulting predictions for the phase shifts are in an excellent agreement with the predictions from the recent Roy-Steiner-equation analysis of pion-nucleon scattering.

Numerical simulation of water evaporation inside vertical circular tubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ocłoń, Paweł; Nowak, Marzena; Majewski, Karol

2013-10-01

In this paper the results of simplified numerical analysis of water evaporation in vertical circular tubes are presented. The heat transfer in fluid domain (water or wet steam) and solid domain (tube wall) is analyzed. For the fluid domain the temperature field is calculated solving energy equation using the Control Volume Method and for the solid domain using the Finite Element Method. The heat transfer between fluid and solid domains is conjugated using the value of heat transfer coefficient from evaporating liquid to the tube wall. It is determined using the analytical Steiner-Taborek correlation. The pressure changes in fluid are computed using Friedel model.

In Brief: Monitoring ozone in Qatar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Showstack, Randy

2008-12-01

Qatar is establishing an ozone and pollution monitoring ground station in West Asia, following discussions between the government, the Qatar Foundation, and the United Nations Environment Programme, according to a 19 November announcement. The station will assist in understanding whether the ozone layer is actually recovering after being damaged by ozone-depleting chemicals. Qatar also announced plans to establish a global center of excellence for research and development of ozone and climate-friendly technology, equipment, and appliances. UNEP executive director Achim Steiner said the announcements by Qatar ``will help plug key data gaps relating to information gathering in West Asia and the Gulf to the benefit of the region and the world.''

One-dimensional Gromov minimal filling problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ivanov, Alexandr O.; Tuzhilin, Alexey A.

2012-05-01

The paper is devoted to a new branch in the theory of one-dimensional variational problems with branching extremals, the investigation of one-dimensional minimal fillings introduced by the authors. On the one hand, this problem is a one-dimensional version of a generalization of Gromov's minimal fillings problem to the case of stratified manifolds. On the other hand, this problem is interesting in itself and also can be considered as a generalization of another classical problem, the Steiner problem on the construction of a shortest network connecting a given set of terminals. Besides the statement of the problem, we discuss several properties of the minimal fillings and state several conjectures. Bibliography: 38 titles.

Ernst Haeckel's biodynamics 1866 and the occult basis of organic farming

PubMed Central

Kutschera, Ulrich

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT One hundred and 50 years ago (Sept. 1866), Ernst Haeckel published a monograph entitled General Morphology of Organisms, wherein key terms, such as Protista, Monera, ontogeny, phylogeny, ecology and the ‘biogenetic law’ where introduced. In addition, Haeckel coined the word “biodynamics” as a synonym for “general physiology.” In contrast, Rudolf Steiner's “biodynamic agriculture,” which originated in 1924, and was promoted via Ehrenfried Pfeiffer's book of 1938 with the same title, is an occult pseudoscience still popular today. The misuse of Haeckel's term to legitimize disproven homeopathic principles and esoteric rules within the context of applied plant research is unacceptable. PMID:27322020

Incremental triangulation by way of edge swapping and local optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wiltberger, N. Lyn

1994-01-01

This document is intended to serve as an installation, usage, and basic theory guide for the two dimensional triangulation software 'HARLEY' written for the Silicon Graphics IRIS workstation. This code consists of an incremental triangulation algorithm based on point insertion and local edge swapping. Using this basic strategy, several types of triangulations can be produced depending on user selected options. For example, local edge swapping criteria can be chosen which minimizes the maximum interior angle (a MinMax triangulation) or which maximizes the minimum interior angle (a MaxMin or Delaunay triangulation). It should be noted that the MinMax triangulation is generally only locally optical (not globally optimal) in this measure. The MaxMin triangulation, however, is both locally and globally optical. In addition, Steiner triangulations can be constructed by inserting new sites at triangle circumcenters followed by edge swapping based on the MaxMin criteria. Incremental insertion of sites also provides flexibility in choosing cell refinement criteria. A dynamic heap structure has been implemented in the code so that once a refinement measure is specified (i.e., maximum aspect ratio or some measure of a solution gradient for the solution adaptive grid generation) the cell with the largest value of this measure is continually removed from the top of the heap and refined. The heap refinement strategy allows the user to specify either the number of cells desired or refine the mesh until all cell refinement measures satisfy a user specified tolerance level. Since the dynamic heap structure is constantly updated, the algorithm always refines the particular cell in the mesh with the largest refinement criteria value. The code allows the user to: triangulate a cloud of prespecified points (sites), triangulate a set of prespecified interior points constrained by prespecified boundary curve(s), Steiner triangulate the interior/exterior of prespecified boundary curve(s), refine existing triangulations based on solution error measures, and partition meshes based on the Cuthill-McKee, spectral, and coordinate bisection strategies.

A Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree Approach for Transduction Network Inference

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bailly-Bechet, Marc; Braunstein, Alfredo; Zecchina, Riccardo

Into the cell, information from the environment is mainly propagated via signaling pathways which form a transduction network. Here we propose a new algorithm to infer transduction networks from heterogeneous data, using both the protein interaction network and expression datasets. We formulate the inference problem as an optimization task, and develop a message-passing, probabilistic and distributed formalism to solve it. We apply our algorithm to the pheromone response in the baker’s yeast S. cerevisiae. We are able to find the backbone of the known structure of the MAPK cascade of pheromone response, validating our algorithm. More importantly, we make biological predictions about some proteins whose role could be at the interface between pheromone response and other cellular functions.

Biological Activity Predictions and Hydrogen Bonding Analysis in Quinolines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Palvi; Kamni

The paper has been designed to make a comprehensive review of a particular series of organic molecular assembly in the form of compendium. An overview of general description of fifteen quinoline derivatives has been given. The biological activity spectra of quinoline derivatives have been correlated on structure activity relationships base which provides the different Pa (possibility of activity) and Pi (possibility of inactivity) values. Expositions of the role of intermolecular interactions in the identified derivatives have been discussed with the standard distance and angle cut-off criteria criteria as proposed by Desiraju and Steiner (1999) in an International monogram on crystallography. Distance-angle scatter plots for intermolecular interactions are presented for a better understanding of the packing interactions which exist in quinoline derivatives.

Color fields of the static pentaquark system computed in SU(3) lattice QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cardoso, Nuno; Bicudo, Pedro

2013-02-01

We compute the color fields of SU(3) lattice QCD created by static pentaquark systems, in a 243×48 lattice at β=6.2 corresponding to a lattice spacing a=0.07261(85)fm. We find that the pentaquark color fields are well described by a multi-Y-type shaped flux tube. The flux tube junction points are compatible with Fermat-Steiner points minimizing the total flux tube length. We also compare the pentaquark flux tube profile with the diquark-diantiquark central flux tube profile in the tetraquark and the quark-antiquark fundamental flux tube profile in the meson, and they match, thus showing that the pentaquark flux tubes are composed of fundamental flux tubes.

Lyme neuroborreliosis in 2 horses.

PubMed

Imai, D M; Barr, B C; Daft, B; Bertone, J J; Feng, S; Hodzic, E; Johnston, J M; Olsen, K J; Barthold, S W

2011-11-01

Lyme neuroborreliosis--characterized as chronic, necrosuppurative to nonsuppurative, perivascular to diffuse meningoradiculoneuritis--was diagnosed in 2 horses with progressive neurologic disease. In 1 horse, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto was identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification of B burgdorferi sensu stricto-specific gene targets (ospA, ospC, flaB, dbpA, arp). Highest spirochetal burdens were in tissues with inflammation, including spinal cord, muscle, and joint capsule. Sequence analysis of ospA, ospC, and flaB revealed 99.9% sequence identity to the respective genes in B burgdorferi strain 297, an isolate from a human case of neuroborreliosis. In both horses, spirochetes were visualized in affected tissues with Steiner silver impregnation and by immunohistochemistry, predominantly within the dense collagenous tissue of the dura mater and leptomeninges.

Mistletoe in conventional oncological practice: exemplary cases.

PubMed

Legnani, Walter

2008-09-01

Mistletoe therapy, a cancer treatment suggested by Rudolf Steiner in 1920, is a typical and specific anthroposophic therapy, but could become more important today in the field of mainstream medicine. This article analyzes some of the most typical effects of mistletoe therapy based on the experience of more than 100 cases. A few patients were chosen who appear exemplary of the opportunities offered by mistletoe therapy. Their clinical history demonstrates an improvement in clinical condition and performance status, better quality of life, improved psychological status, reduction of infective events, better tolerance of concomitant chemoradiotherapy, and even a direct reduction of tumor size. The conclusion is that the patients may be indicative for future prospective clinical studies designed to confirm a real efficacy of mistletoe in cancer therapy.

First Experiments with Planar Wire Arrays on U Michigan's Linear Transformer Driver

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Weller, M. E.; Shrestha, I. K.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Cooper, M. C.; Lorance, M.; Stafford, A.; Patel, S. G.; Steiner, A. M.; Yager-Elorriaga, D. A.; Jordan, N. M.; Gilgenbach, R. M.

2014-10-01

For petawatt-class Z-pinch accelerators, a Linear Transformer Driver (LTD)-driven accelerator promises to be (at a given pinch current and implosion time) more efficient than the conventionally used Marx-driven accelerator. Because there exists almost no data on how wire arrays radiate on LTD-based machines in the USA, it is very important to perform radiation and plasma physics studies on this new type of generator. We report on the first outcome of the new partnership with University of Michigan (UM), which resulted in successful UNR-UM experiments on the low-impedance MAIZE generator with planar wire arrays (PWA). PWA is a novel wire array load that was introduced and tested in detail on high-impedance Zebra at UNR during the last years and found to be the most efficient radiator. Implosion of Al Double PWAs of different configurations were achieved on MAIZE, observed with a set of various diagnostics which include x-ray diode detectors, x-ray spectroscopy and imaging, and shadowgraphy. Al and Mg plasmas of more than 450 eV were studied in detail. Research supported by NNSA under DOE Cooperative Agreement DE-NA0001984. S. G. Patel and A. M. Steiner supported by Sandia National Laboratories. D. A. Yager-Elorriaga supported by NSF GF.

Mathematical analysis of dynamic spread of Pine Wilt disease.

PubMed

Dimitrijevic, D D; Bacic, J

2013-01-01

Since its detection in Portugal in 1999, the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer), a causal agent of Pine Wilt Disease, represents a threat to European forestry. Significant amount of money has been spent on its monitoring and eradication. This paper presents mathematical analysis of spread of pine wilt disease using a set of partial differential equations with space (longitude and latitude) and time as parameters of estimated spread of disease. This methodology can be used to evaluate risk of various assumed entry points of disease and make defense plans in advance. In case of an already existing outbreak, it can be used to draw optimal line of defense and plan removal of trees. Optimization constraints are economic loss of removal of susceptible trees as well as budgetary constraints of workforce cost.

International publication trends in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis: 2000-2014.

PubMed

Martin, Neil T; Nosik, Melissa R; Carr, James E

2016-06-01

Dymond, Clarke, Dunlap, and Steiner's (2000) analysis of international publication trends in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA) from 1970 to 1999 revealed low numbers of publications from outside North America, leading the authors to express concern about the lack of international involvement in applied behavior analysis. They suggested that a future review would be necessary to evaluate any changes in international authorship in the journal. As a follow-up, we analyzed non-U.S. publication trends in the most recent 15 years of JABA and found similar results. We discuss potential reasons for the relative paucity of international authors and suggest potential strategies for increasing non-U.S. contributions to the advancement of behavior analysis. © 2015 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

Intractable nausea, vomiting and diarrhea in a Mexican woman with No recent travel history.

PubMed

Dimaunahan, C; Nader, S; Watson, R; Lewin, M R

2000-01-01

A 45-year-old Mexican woman with a history of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertension, and coronary artery disease presented to the hospital after 2 months of intractable nausea, vomiting and diarrhea-all made worse by eating and drinking. She reported fever, chills, anorexia and a documented 50-pound weight loss during this period. She denied the signs and symptoms of melena, hematochezia, steatorrhea or constipation. She also reported left leg pain and decreased sensation and strength of her left leg compared to the right leg. She had been hospitalized 2 weeks prior to admission with the same symptoms and a diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis. She was also treated for H. pylori, but subsequent biopsy results were negative by Steiner stain.

Fatal pyogranulomatous myocarditis in 10 Boxer puppies.

PubMed

Detmer, Susan E; Bouljihad, Mostafa; Hayden, David W; Schefers, Jeremy M; Armien, Anibal; Wünschmann, Arno

2016-03-01

Over a period of 5 years, 10 pure-bred Boxer puppies, 9-16 weeks old, were presented with a history of sudden death and were diagnosed with pyogranulomatous myocarditis. The myocarditis was characterized by a mixed infiltrate composed predominantly of neutrophils and macrophages. In our retrospective study, original case records and archived materials were examined. All dogs were positive for Borrelia burgdorferi on immunohistochemistry (IHC). There was no evidence of infectious agents in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) heart tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Ziehl-Neelsen, Gram, Grocott methenamine silver, Warthin-Starry, Von Kossa, and Steiner-Chapman stains. IHC for Chlamydia sp., Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, West Nile virus, and canine parvovirus also yielded a negative result in all dogs. Polymerase chain reaction testing for vector-borne pathogens on heart tissue from 9 of the dogs (1 frozen and 8 FFPE samples) yielded positive results for 1 dog with B. burgdorferi as well as Anaplasma phagocytophilum in another dog. Subsequently, 2 additional cases were found in a French Bulldog and a French Bulldog-Beagle mix that had identical morphology, test results, age, and seasonality to these 10 Boxer dogs. The similarities in the seasonality, signalment of the affected dogs, and the gross and microscopic lesions suggest a common etiology. Positive IHC and morphologic similarities to human Lyme carditis indicate that B. burgdorferi is likely the agent involved. An additional consideration for these cases is the possibility of a breed-specific autoimmune myocarditis or potential predisposition for cardiopathogenic agents in young Boxers. © 2016 The Author(s).

Calibration of the Permo-Triassic Magnetostratigraphic Time Scale: Constraints from the Dewey Lake Formation, West Texas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, S.; Knight, K. B.; Renne, P. R.

2005-12-01

Magnetostratigraphy is potentially a powerful tool for deciphering the high resolution chronostratigraphy of events across the Permo-Triassic boundary, but few well-dated polarity reversals exist to serve as calibration. Red beds of the Dewey Lake Formation (DLF) of West Texas span three reversed polarity intervals (Steiner, 2001) in a section of the DLF at Caprock Canyons State Park, where two tuffs occur. Sanidine separated from these tuffs was analyzed by 40Ar/39Ar methods. Single crystal laser fusion 40Ar/39Ar analyses of 40 grains from the upper tuff yield a weighted mean age of 249.9 ± 2.4 Ma (2σ errors here and throughout). The clustering of single crystal data provides some assurance against xenocrystic contamination. Two age spectra from multigrain sanidine separates from the lower tuff yielded integrated ages of 248.9 ± 2.8 Ma and 249.7 ± 2.8 Ma and consistent plateau ages of 249.2 ± 2.4 Ma and 249.6 ± 2.4 Ma. Two age spectra from multigrain upper tuff sanidines lack strict plateaus but with overall flat age spectra, with integrated ages of 249.7 ± 2.8 Ma and 250.3 ± 2.8 Ma and plateau-like segments (>70% of 39Ar released) with ages of 249.9 ± 2.6 Ma and 249.9 ± 2.6 Ma, respectively. These results, compared with 40Ar/39Ar data (using the same FCs = 28.02 Ma standard calibration) from the GSSP section at Meishan, China, suggest that the Permo-Triassic boundary (249.8 Ma; recalculated from Renne et al., 1995) definitely occurs within the lower Dewey Lake Formation. The two tuffs, which bracket a normal to reverse geomagnetic polarity transition polarity (Steiner, 2001), have indistinguishable ages. The age of this Permo-Triassic polarity transition is thus best represented by the weighed average of their ages, ca. 249.7 Ma (based on accepted calibrations of the 40Ar/39Ar system). Further such constraints will facilitate high-resolution comparison of terrestrial and marine records across this critical time interval.

Cephalometric skeletal evaluation of patients with Incontinentia Pigmenti

PubMed Central

Maahs, Marcia Angelica Peter; Kiszewski, Ana Elisa; Rosa, Rafael Fabiano Machado; Maria, Fernanda Diffini Santa; Prates, Frederico Ballvé; Zen, Paulo Ricardo Gazzola

2014-01-01

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal characteristics of patients with the rare genetic disease of Incontinentia Pigmenti, by lateral cephalometric analysis on the antero-posterior plane and by frontal cephalometric analysis on the horizontal plane. Methods Lateral skeletal cephalometric analyses were performed according to Steiner for evaluation of antero-posterior direction, and frontal skeletal cephalometric analyses according to Ricketts for evaluation of horizontal direction in 9 patients with IP. Left and right facial widths at the level of the zygomatic arch were also evaluated. The Student t-test was used for paired to a 5% level of significance data. Results The lateral skeletal cephalometric findings were not statistically significant, but the Class II was the most frequent finding (44.4%), followed by Class III (33.3%) and Class I (22.2%). The right maxillo-mandibular width was significantly lower than normal values, and the right facial width was significantly higher than the left, at the level of the zygomatic arch. Conclusions Patients with IP showed more skeletal discrepancies of Class II and III than Class I malocclusion, and had significant horizontal facial skeletal asymmetries. This should alert health professionals to route these patients for orthodontic assessment and possible therapeutic interventions. However, larger samples are needed to better elucidate if these cephalometric findings can be specifically related to IP. PMID:25737924

Duration of the peak of adolescent growth spurt in class i and ii malocclusion subjects using a cervical vertebrae maturation analysis.

PubMed

Salazar-Lazo, Rodrigo; Arriola-Guillén, Luis E; Flores-Mir, Carlos

2014-01-01

The aim of the present work was to determine the duration of the adolescent peak growth spurt using cervical vertebral maturation analysis in class I and II malocclusion subjects. The study was conducted on a sample which consisted of 154 lateral cephalograms of children and adolescents aged 9-15 years (84 females and 70 males). The evaluation of skeletal maturation stage was performed using a visual morphological analysis of CS3 and CS4 cervical vertebrae. The sagittal skeletal relation was evaluated according to Steiner analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize chronological age in each malocclusion group and for each CS3 and CS4 skeletal maturation stage. Due to a lack of normal distribution, comparisons of CS3 and CS4 age intervals on class I and II subjects were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. The results show that the mean duration of the adolescent peak growth spurt was 10 months between CS3 and CS4 stages in class I malocclusion subjects, whereas in class II malocclusion patients the duration was 6 months. This difference of 4 months was statistically significant (p<0.001). Finally, a clinically significant difference of 4 months in the duration of the adolescent peak growth spurt for class I and II malocclusion subjects was identified.

Detection of Vortex Tubes in Solar Granulation from Observations SUNRISE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, O.; Franz, M.; González, N. B.; Nutto, C.; Rezaei, R.; Pillet, V. M.; Bonet, J. A.; Iniesta, J. C. d. T.; Domingo, V.; Solanki, S. K.; Knölker, M.; Schmidt, W.; Barthol, P.; Gandorfer, A.

2012-05-01

We investigated a time series of continuum intensity maps and Dopplergrams of granulation in a very quiet solar region at the disk center, recorded with the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment (IMaX) on board the balloon-borne solar observatory SUNRISE. We find that granules frequently show substructure in the form of lanes composed of a leading bright rim and a trailing dark edge, which move together from the boundary of a granule into the granule itself. We find strikingly similar events in synthesized intensity maps from an ab initio numerical simulation of solar surface convection. We conclude that these granular lanes are the visible signature of (horizontally oriented) vortex tubes. The characteristic optical appearance of vortex tubes at the solar surface is explained. This paper is a summary and update of the results previously presented in Steiner et al. (2010).

Dispersive analysis of the scalar form factor of the nucleon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoferichter, M.; Ditsche, C.; Kubis, B.; Meißner, U.-G.

2012-06-01

Based on the recently proposed Roy-Steiner equations for pion-nucleon ( πN) scattering [1], we derive a system of coupled integral equations for the π π to overline N N and overline K K to overline N N S-waves. These equations take the form of a two-channel Muskhelishvili-Omnès problem, whose solution in the presence of a finite matching point is discussed. We use these results to update the dispersive analysis of the scalar form factor of the nucleon fully including overline K K intermediate states. In particular, we determine the correction {Δ_{σ }} = σ ( {2M_{π }^2} ) - {σ_{{π N}}} , which is needed for the extraction of the pion-nucleon σ term from πN scattering, as a function of pion-nucleon subthreshold parameters and the πN coupling constant.

A groundwork for allostatic neuro-education

PubMed Central

Gerdes, Lee; Tegeler, Charles H.; Lee, Sung W.

2015-01-01

We propose to enliven educational practice by marrying a conception of education as guided human development, to an advanced scientific understanding of the brain known as allostasis (stability through change). The result is a groundwork for allostatic neuro-education (GANE). Education as development encompasses practices including the organic (homeschooling and related traditions), cognitive acquisition (emphasis on standards and testing), and the constructivist (aimed to support adaptive creativity for both learner and society). Allostasis views change to be the norm in biology, defines success in contexts of complex natural environments rather than controlled settings, and identifies the brain as the organ of central command. Allostatic neuro-education contrasts with education focused dominantly on testing, or neuroscience based on homeostasis (stability through constancy). The GANE perspective is to view learners in terms of their neurodevelopmental trajectories; its objective is to support authentic freedom, mediated by competent, integrated, and expansive executive functionality (concordant with the philosophy of freedom of Rudolf Steiner); and its strategy is to be attuned to rhythms in various forms (including those of autonomic arousal described in polyvagal theory) so as to enable experiential excitement for learning. The GANE presents a variety of testable hypotheses, and studies that explore prevention or mitigation of the effects of early life adversity or toxic stress on learning and development may be of particular importance. Case studies are presented illustrating use of allostatic neurotechnology by an adolescent male carrying diagnoses of Asperger’s syndrome and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and a grade school girl with reading difficulties. The GANE is intended as a re-visioning of education that may serve both learners and society to be better prepared for the accelerating changes of the 21st century. PMID:26347688

Evaluation of the closest speaking space in different dental and skeletal occlusions.

PubMed

Sakar, Olcay; Bural, Canan; Sülün, Tonguç; Öztaş, Evren; Marşan, Gülnaz

2013-04-01

The closest speaking space (CSS) together with the vertical overlap of anterior teeth during the production of the /s/ sound have not been previously investigated with respect to differences in dental and skeletal orthodontic classifications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CSS in dental and skeletal occlusions and to analyze the cause and effect relationship of the CSS and the amount of the vertical overlap of anterior teeth. Poly vinylsiloxane interocclusal registration material was placed bilaterally onto the occlusal surfaces of premolar and molar teeth of 155 native Turkish speaking adolescent and young adult dentate participants, who were then asked to pronounce the word seyis. The thinnest point between the maxillary and mandibular teeth was recorded in millimeters as the CSS. The occlusion of each participant was classified according to the Angle dental and Steiner skeletal classifications. The differences in CSS values within each classification were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the correlation between the CSS and the vertical overlap was statistically analyzed with the Spearman Rho Correlation tests (P<.05). The differences in the CSS were only significant between Angle Class II division 2 and Class III groups (P=.034), while the differences in the CSS between skeletal classes were not significant. The correlation between the amount of CSS and the amount of vertical overlap was not significant. The results showed that regardless of dental and skeletal occlusions, average CSS values could be used to determine the occlusal vertical dimension of prosthetic restorations. Copyright © 2013 The Editorial Council of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

A groundwork for allostatic neuro-education.

PubMed

Gerdes, Lee; Tegeler, Charles H; Lee, Sung W

2015-01-01

We propose to enliven educational practice by marrying a conception of education as guided human development, to an advanced scientific understanding of the brain known as allostasis (stability through change). The result is a groundwork for allostatic neuro-education (GANE). Education as development encompasses practices including the organic (homeschooling and related traditions), cognitive acquisition (emphasis on standards and testing), and the constructivist (aimed to support adaptive creativity for both learner and society). Allostasis views change to be the norm in biology, defines success in contexts of complex natural environments rather than controlled settings, and identifies the brain as the organ of central command. Allostatic neuro-education contrasts with education focused dominantly on testing, or neuroscience based on homeostasis (stability through constancy). The GANE perspective is to view learners in terms of their neurodevelopmental trajectories; its objective is to support authentic freedom, mediated by competent, integrated, and expansive executive functionality (concordant with the philosophy of freedom of Rudolf Steiner); and its strategy is to be attuned to rhythms in various forms (including those of autonomic arousal described in polyvagal theory) so as to enable experiential excitement for learning. The GANE presents a variety of testable hypotheses, and studies that explore prevention or mitigation of the effects of early life adversity or toxic stress on learning and development may be of particular importance. Case studies are presented illustrating use of allostatic neurotechnology by an adolescent male carrying diagnoses of Asperger's syndrome and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and a grade school girl with reading difficulties. The GANE is intended as a re-visioning of education that may serve both learners and society to be better prepared for the accelerating changes of the 21st century.

Δ isobars and nuclear saturation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ekström, A.; Hagen, G.; Morris, T. D.; Papenbrock, T.; Schwartz, P. D.

2018-02-01

We construct a nuclear interaction in chiral effective field theory with explicit inclusion of the Δ -isobar Δ (1232 ) degree of freedom at all orders up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). We use pion-nucleon (π N ) low-energy constants (LECs) from a Roy-Steiner analysis of π N scattering data, optimize the LECs in the contact potentials up to NNLO to reproduce low-energy nucleon-nucleon scattering phase shifts, and constrain the three-nucleon interaction at NNLO to reproduce the binding energy and point-proton radius of 4He. For heavier nuclei we use the coupled-cluster method to compute binding energies, radii, and neutron skins. We find that radii and binding energies are much improved for interactions with explicit inclusion of Δ (1232 ) , while Δ -less interactions produce nuclei that are not bound with respect to breakup into α particles. The saturation of nuclear matter is significantly improved, and its symmetry energy is consistent with empirical estimates.

[Psychoanalytic study of social withdrawal: grandiose narcissism and passive aggression due to insufficient maternal containing in childhood].

PubMed

Ogawa, Toyoaki

2012-01-01

Two different types of pathology can cause social withdrawal: the narcissistic--schizoid personality organization (NSPO) type and the mild Asperger's syndrome (mild developmental disorders) type. Only the former type can be treated by psychoanalytic psychotherapy. In the childhood of both types, one may find traumatic family environments which will result in social withdrawal (Hikikomori). In the infancy of the NSPO type, the mother fails to function as a sufficient container of the child's emotion, which encourages formation of a schizoid personality organization i.e. the psychic withdrawal (or "psychic retreat" by Steiner, J.). With only a little failure in life events, this may turn into a physical withdrawal for a long time. And in this type of pathology their aggression takes a passive form that hardens their social withdrawal situation. Moreover, the social withdrawal itself serves to reinforce the pathological narcissism.

T1 mapping combined with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in predicting the pathologic grading of hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Chen, C Y; Chen, J; Xia, C C; Huang, Z X; Song, B

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI on hepatobiliary phase (HBP) imaging and T1 mapping sequence in the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 45 patients with HCC who were to undergo a resection were enrolled in this study. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance examination was performed prior to resection. T1 mapping was performed before and 20 min after injection of Gd-EOB-DTPA. T1 values of the lesions were measured on pre-contrast (T1p) and during HBP (T1-HBP) on T1 maps. The signal intensity, the diameter and the margin of HCC lesions on HBP images were analyzed. The reduction in T1 value (T1d) and the reduction rate (ΔT1%) of T1 mapping between pre-contrast and HBP were calculated. The Edmondson-Steiner classification of each lesion was made after surgery. The SPSS software package was used for statistical analysis and the analysis of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were carried out by using MedCalc software package. Mean values of T1p and T1-HBP were 1935.4±730.8 ms and 1257.1±529.1 ms, respectively. T1p accuracy (AUC = 0.685, p = 0.037) in predicting pathological grading was similar to that of T1-HBP (AUC = 0.751, p = 0.005). A T1p of 1648.2 ms or greater had a sensitivity and specificity of 85.19% and 61.11%, respectively. A T1-HBP of 1006 ms or greater had a sensitivity and specificity of 81.84% and 61.11%, respectively. The number of HCCs with a non-smooth tumor margin was 20 (44.4%), and a non-smooth tumor margin correlated moderately with the Edmondson-Steiner grade (Spearman r = 0.491, p = 0.041). There was no significant correlation between T1d, ΔT1%, HCC signal intensity on HBP image and lesion diameter with pathologic grading. T1 mapping in pre-contrast and HBP of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, a non-smooth tumor margin in the HBP of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, are useful in predicting the pathologic grading of HCC.

Multicasting for all-optical multifiber networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kã¶Ksal, Fatih; Ersoy, Cem

2007-02-01

All-optical wavelength-routed WDM WANs can support the high bandwidth and the long session duration requirements of the application scenarios such as interactive distance learning or on-line diagnosis of patients simultaneously in different hospitals. However, multifiber and limited sparse light splitting and wavelength conversion capabilities of switches result in a difficult optimization problem. We attack this problem using a layered graph model. The problem is defined as a k-edge-disjoint degree-constrained Steiner tree problem for routing and fiber and wavelength assignment of k multicasts. A mixed integer linear programming formulation for the problem is given, and a solution using CPLEX is provided. However, the complexity of the problem grows quickly with respect to the number of edges in the layered graph, which depends on the number of nodes, fibers, wavelengths, and multicast sessions. Hence, we propose two heuristics layered all-optical multicast algorithm [(LAMA) and conservative fiber and wavelength assignment (C-FWA)] to compare with CPLEX, existing work, and unicasting. Extensive computational experiments show that LAMA's performance is very close to CPLEX, and it is significantly better than existing work and C-FWA for nearly all metrics, since LAMA jointly optimizes routing and fiber-wavelength assignment phases compared with the other candidates, which attack the problem by decomposing two phases. Experiments also show that important metrics (e.g., session and group blocking probability, transmitter wavelength, and fiber conversion resources) are adversely affected by the separation of two phases. Finally, the fiber-wavelength assignment strategy of C-FWA (Ex-Fit) uses wavelength and fiber conversion resources more effectively than the First Fit.

PREFACE: International Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect (ICAME 2009)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Müller, Herbert; Reissner, Michael; Steiner, Walter; Wiesinger, Günter

2010-04-01

The International Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect (ICAME2009) was held for the first time in Austria, at the Vienna University of Technology on 19-24 July 2009. This largest conference of the Mössbauer community attracted much interest, nearly 500 colleagues announced their intention to participate. Unfortunately, due to the world-wide finance crisis, in the end many could not manage to come. Nevertheless 380 abstracts were submitted. More than 300 participants from 38 countries were present at the conference. The programme contained 20 invited talks, selected by the international advisory board. 49 contributions were selected for oral presentation. Following the advice of the IBAME board, no parallel sessions were organized. Therefore most of the work was presented as posters, attached for the whole week, giving thus the opportunity for intense discussions outside of the poster sessions. A special tutorial session, dedicated to Mössbauer spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation, organized by R Rüffer was held on the first day. It was included in the conference programme giving all participants the opportunity to attend this meeting. Although lasting until late in the evening, the audience was always well occupied. New developments in the field of iron-containing superconductors were discussed in a micro symposium. The scientific level of the whole conference was high. After thorough peer-reviewing, 147 papers were accepted by the referees and are presented in this volume. ICAME2009 was possible due to the efforts of many people, in the organizing committee, the programme committee and the editorial board and to the students who took care of the participants during the conference and all social activities. ICAME2009 was in several ways a special conference. It was the 30th in the series of ICAME meetings, and the first after the celebration of 50 years of the Mössbauer Effect. In 2009 Rudolf Mössbauer also celebrated his 80th birthday. The positive atmosphere, the high attendance in the sessions and the lively discussions made the conference a great success and a memorable event. It was pointed out, that Mössbauer spectroscopy is still an interesting and powerful method with great opportunities in the future. Herbert Müller (Secretary) Michael Reissner (Chairman) This book is dedicated to our colleagues Nicol Malcom, who could not come, because he suddenly died a few weeks in advance to the conference and Hercilio Rechenberg, who died on his way home from Vienna. Conference photograph Conference Organisation Local Organizing Committee Reissner Michael (Chairman)Müller Herbert (Conference Secretary) Amthauer Georg Lottermoser WernerSteiner Walter Bauer Ernst Michor Herwig Vogl Gero Bühler-Paschen Silke Müller Martin Waas Monika Grodzicki Michael Redhammer Günther Wiesinger Günter Grössinger Roland Sassik Herbert Hilscher Gerfried Sepiol Bogdan International Programme Committee Amthauer Georg Gütlich Philipp Steiner Walter Baggio-Saitovich Elisa Litterst Fred Jochen Trautwein Alfred Xaver Berry Frank Long Gary Vogl Gero Felner Israel Nagy Denes Lajos Yoshida Yutaka Greneche Jean-Marc Rüffer Rudolf International Advisory Board Alp E ErcanGénin Jean-Marie Baggio-Saitovitch Elisa Greneche Jean-Marc Miglierini Marcel Balogh Judit Grodzicki Michael Musić Svetozar Bender Koch Christian Gütlich Philipp Nagy Dénes Lajos Berry Frank Häggström Lennart Nishida Tetsuaki Brown Dennis Hanzel Darko Pérez Alcázar German Campbell Stewart Hassaan Mohamed Yousri Rüffer Rudolf Carbucicchio Massimo Jumas Jean-Claude Ryan Dominic H Croci Simonetta Kadyrzhanov Kariat Sanchez Francisco Di Naili Katila Toivo Schünemann Volker Elzain Mohamed Kim Chul Sung Stanek Jan Fabris José Domingos Klingelhöfer Göstar Stevens John Felner Israel Langouche Guido Suzdalev Igor P Fern George R Lyubutin Igor S Szymanski Krzysztof Forder Sue D Marco Jose F Waanders Frans Gajbhiye Nandeo Mašlaň Miroslav Yoshida Yutaka

Structure and formation of ant transportation networks

PubMed Central

Latty, Tanya; Ramsch, Kai; Ito, Kentaro; Nakagaki, Toshiyuki; Sumpter, David J. T.; Middendorf, Martin; Beekman, Madeleine

2011-01-01

Many biological systems use extensive networks for the transport of resources and information. Ants are no exception. How do biological systems achieve efficient transportation networks in the absence of centralized control and without global knowledge of the environment? Here, we address this question by studying the formation and properties of inter-nest transportation networks in the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile). We find that the formation of inter-nest networks depends on the number of ants involved in the construction process. When the number of ants is sufficient and networks do form, they tend to have short total length but a low level of robustness. These networks are topologically similar to either minimum spanning trees or Steiner networks. The process of network formation involves an initial construction of multiple links followed by a pruning process that reduces the number of trails. Our study thus illuminates the conditions under and the process by which minimal biological transport networks can be constructed. PMID:21288958

Integration of Proteomic, Transcriptional, and Interactome Data Reveals Hidden Signaling Components

PubMed Central

Huang, Shao-shan Carol; Fraenkel, Ernest

2009-01-01

Cellular signaling and regulatory networks underlie fundamental biological processes such as growth, differentiation, and response to the environment. Although there are now various high-throughput methods for studying these processes, knowledge of them remains fragmentary. Typically, the vast majority of hits identified by transcriptional, proteomic, and genetic assays lie outside of the expected pathways. These unexpected components of the cellular response are often the most interesting, because they can provide new insights into biological processes and potentially reveal new therapeutic approaches. However, they are also the most difficult to interpret. We present a technique, based on the Steiner tree problem, that uses previously reported protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions to determine how these hits are organized into functionally coherent pathways, revealing many components of the cellular response that are not readily apparent in the original data. Applied simultaneously to phosphoproteomic and transcriptional data for the yeast pheromone response, it identifies changes in diverse cellular processes that extend far beyond the expected pathways. PMID:19638617

The Great Emch Closure Theorem and a combinatorial proof of Poncelet's Theorem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avksentyev, E. A.

2015-11-01

The relations between the classical closure theorems (Poncelet's, Steiner's, Emch's, and the zigzag theorems) and some of their generalizations are discussed. It is known that Emch's Theorem is the most general of these, while the others follow as special cases. A generalization of Emch's Theorem to pencils of circles is proved, which (by analogy with the Great Poncelet Theorem) can be called the Great Emch Theorem. It is shown that the Great Emch and Great Poncelet Theorems are equivalent and can be derived one from the other using elementary geometry, and also that both hold in the Lobachevsky plane as well. A new closure theorem is also obtained, in which the construction of closure is slightly more involved: closure occurs on a variable circle which is tangent to a fixed pair of circles. In conclusion, a combinatorial proof of Poncelet's Theorem is given, which deduces the closure principle for an arbitrary number of steps from the principle for three steps using combinatorics and number theory. Bibliography: 20 titles.

The algebra of two dimensional generalized Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borzov, V. V.; Damaskinsky, E. V.

2014-10-01

In the previous works of Borzov and Damaskinsky ["Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator," Theor. Math. Phys. 175(3), 765-772 (2013)] and ["Ladder operators for Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator," in Proceedings of the Days on Diffraction, 2013], the authors have defined the oscillator-like system that is associated with the two variable Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials. We call this system the generalized Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. In this paper, we study the properties of infinite-dimensional Lie algebra that is analogous to the Heisenberg algebra for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. We construct the exact irreducible representation of this algebra in a Hilbert space H of functions that are defined on a region which is bounded by the Steiner hypocycloid. The functions are square-integrable with respect to the orthogonality measure for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials and these polynomials form an orthonormalized basis in the space H. The generalized oscillator which is studied in the work can be considered as the simplest nontrivial example of multiboson quantum system that is composed of three interacting oscillators.

Efficient Wide Baseline Structure from Motion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Michelini, Mario; Mayer, Helmut

2016-06-01

This paper presents a Structure from Motion approach for complex unorganized image sets. To achieve high accuracy and robustness, image triplets are employed and (an approximate) camera calibration is assumed to be known. The focus lies on a complete linking of images even in case of large image distortions, e.g., caused by wide baselines, as well as weak baselines. A method for embedding image descriptors into Hamming space is proposed for fast image similarity ranking. The later is employed to limit the number of pairs to be matched by a wide baseline method. An iterative graph-based approach is proposed formulating image linking as the search for a terminal Steiner minimum tree in a line graph. Finally, additional links are determined and employed to improve the accuracy of the pose estimation. By this means, loops in long image sequences are implicitly closed. The potential of the proposed approach is demonstrated by results for several complex image sets also in comparison with VisualSFM.

Reconstructing targetable pathways in lung cancer by integrating diverse omics data

PubMed Central

Balbin, O. Alejandro; Prensner, John R.; Sahu, Anirban; Yocum, Anastasia; Shankar, Sunita; Malik, Rohit; Fermin, Damian; Dhanasekaran, Saravana M.; Chandler, Benjamin; Thomas, Dafydd; Beer, David G.; Cao, Xuhong; Nesvizhskii, Alexey I.; Chinnaiyan, Arul M.

2014-01-01

Global ‘multi-omics’ profiling of cancer cells harbours the potential for characterizing the signaling networks associated with specific oncogenes. Here we profile the transcriptome, proteome and phosphoproteome in a panel of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in order to reconstruct targetable networks associated with KRAS dependency. We develop a two-step bioinformatics strategy addressing the challenge of integrating these disparate data sets. We first define an ‘abundance-score’ combining transcript, protein and phospho-protein abundances to nominate differentially abundant proteins and then use the Prize Collecting Steiner Tree algorithm to identify functional sub-networks. We identify three modules centered on KRAS and MET, LCK and PAK1 and b-Catenin. We validate activation of these proteins in KRAS-dependent (KRAS-Dep) cells and perform functional studies defining LCK as a critical gene for cell proliferation in KRAS-Dep but not KRAS-independent NSCLCs. These results suggest that LCK is a potential druggable target protein in KRAS-Dep lung cancers. PMID:24135919

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Borzov, V. V., E-mail: borzov.vadim@yandex.ru; Damaskinsky, E. V., E-mail: evd@pdmi.ras.ru

In the previous works of Borzov and Damaskinsky [“Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator,” Theor. Math. Phys. 175(3), 765–772 (2013)] and [“Ladder operators for Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator,” in Proceedings of the Days on Diffraction, 2013], the authors have defined the oscillator-like system that is associated with the two variable Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials. We call this system the generalized Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. In this paper, we study the properties of infinite-dimensional Lie algebra that is analogous to the Heisenberg algebra for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder oscillator. We construct the exact irreducible representation of this algebra in a Hilbert space H of functions that are defined on a region which ismore » bounded by the Steiner hypocycloid. The functions are square-integrable with respect to the orthogonality measure for the Chebyshev-Koornwinder polynomials and these polynomials form an orthonormalized basis in the space H. The generalized oscillator which is studied in the work can be considered as the simplest nontrivial example of multiboson quantum system that is composed of three interacting oscillators.« less

Stress heterogeneity above and within a deep geothermal reservoir: From borehole observations to geomechanical modelling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seithel, Robin; Peters, Max; Lesueur, Martin; Kohl, Thomas

2017-04-01

Overpressured reservoir conditions, local stress concentrations or a locally rotated stress field can initiate substantial problems during drilling or reservoir exploitation. Increasing geothermal utilization in the Molasse basin area in S-Germany is faced with such problems of deeply seated reservoir sections. In several wells, radial fluid flow systems are interpreted as highly porous layers. However, in nearby wells a combination of linear fluid flow, local stress heterogeneities and structural geology hint to a rather fault dominated reservoir (Seithel et al. 2015). Due to missing knowledge of the stress magnitude, stress orientation and their coupling to reservoir response, we will present a THMC model of critical formations and the geothermal reservoir targeting nearby faults. In an area south of Munich, where several geothermal wells are constructed, such wells are interpreted and integrated into a 30 x 30 km simulated model area. One of the main objectives here is to create a geomechanical reservoir model in a thermo-mechanical manner in order to understand the coupling between reservoir heterogeneities and stress distributions. To this end, stress analyses of wellbore data and laboratory tests will help to calibrate a reliable model. In order to implement the complex geological structure of the studied wedge-shaped foreland basin, an automatic export of lithology, fault and borehole data (e.g. from Petrel) into a FE mesh is used. We will present a reservoir-scale model that considers thermo-mechanic effects and analyze their influence on reservoir deformation, fluid flow and stress concentration. We use the currently developed finite element application REDBACK (https://github.com/pou036/redback), inside the MOOSE framework (Poulet et al. 2016). We show that mechanical heterogeneities nearby fault zones and their orientation within the stress field correlate to fracture pattern, interpreted stress heterogeneities or variegated flow systems within the reservoir. REFERENCES Poulet, T.; Paesold, M.; Veveakis, M. (2016), Multi-Physics Modelling of Fault Mechanics Using REDBACK. A Parallel Open-Source Simulator for Tightly Coupled Problems. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. doi: 10.1007/s00603-016-0927-y. Seithel, R.; Steiner, U.; Müller, B.I.R.; Hecht, Ch.; Kohl, T. (2015), Local stress anomaly in the Bavarian Molasse Basin, Geothermal Energy 3(1), p.77. doi:10.1186/s40517-014-0023-z

Unconscious phantasy as a structural principle and organizer of mental life: The evolution of a concept from Freud to Klein and some of her successors.

PubMed

Weiss, Heinz

2017-06-01

Starting with Freud's discovery of unconscious phantasy as a means of accessing his patients' internal world, the author discusses the evolution of the concept in the work of Melanie Klein and some of her successors. Whereas Freud sees phantasy as a wish fulfilling imagination, dominated by primary process functioning and kept apart from reality testing, Klein understands phantasies as a structural function and organizer of mental life. From their very beginnings they involve object relations and gradually evolve from primitive body-near experiences to images and symbolic representations. With her concept of projective identification in particular, Klein anticipates the communicative function of unconscious phantasies. They are at the basis of processes of symbolization, but may also be put into the service of complex defensive operations. The author traces the further evolution of the concept from the contributions of S. Isaacs, the theories of thinking proposed by W.R. Bion and R. Money-Kyrle, Hanna Segal's ideas on symbolization and reparation all the way to the latest approaches by R. Britton, J. Steiner and others, including the understanding of transference and counter-transference as a 'total situation'. Points of contact with Freud are to be found particularly in connection with his concept of 'primal phantasies'. In the author's view, the idea of the transmission and communicative potential of unconscious phantasies enabled these authors to overcome the solipsistic origins of drive theory in favour of a notion in which unconscious phantasies both set down the coordinates of the inner world and form and reflect the matrix of inter-subjective relations. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Psychoanalysis.

Simulation of the West African Monsoon using the MIT Regional Climate Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Im, Eun-Soon; Gianotti, Rebecca L.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B.

2013-04-01

We test the performance of the MIT Regional Climate Model (MRCM) in simulating the West African Monsoon. MRCM introduces several improvements over Regional Climate Model version 3 (RegCM3) including coupling of Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) land surface scheme, a new albedo assignment method, a new convective cloud and rainfall auto-conversion scheme, and a modified boundary layer height and cloud scheme. Using MRCM, we carried out a series of experiments implementing two different land surface schemes (IBIS and BATS) and three convection schemes (Grell with the Fritsch-Chappell closure, standard Emanuel, and modified Emanuel that includes the new convective cloud scheme). Our analysis primarily focused on comparing the precipitation characteristics, surface energy balance and large scale circulations against various observations. We document a significant sensitivity of the West African monsoon simulation to the choices of the land surface and convection schemes. In spite of several deficiencies, the simulation with the combination of IBIS and modified Emanuel schemes shows the best performance reflected in a marked improvement of precipitation in terms of spatial distribution and monsoon features. In particular, the coupling of IBIS leads to representations of the surface energy balance and partitioning that are consistent with observations. Therefore, the major components of the surface energy budget (including radiation fluxes) in the IBIS simulations are in better agreement with observation than those from our BATS simulation, or from previous similar studies (e.g Steiner et al., 2009), both qualitatively and quantitatively. The IBIS simulations also reasonably reproduce the dynamical structure of vertically stratified behavior of the atmospheric circulation with three major components: westerly monsoon flow, African Easterly Jet (AEJ), and Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ). In addition, since the modified Emanuel scheme tends to reduce the precipitation amount, it improves the precipitation over regions suffering from systematic wet bias.

Toward Understanding the Nature of a Partnership Between an Elementary Classroom Teacher and an Informal Science Educator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weiland, Ingrid S.; Akerson, Valarie L.

2013-12-01

This study explored the nature of the relationship between a fifth-grade teacher and an informal science educator as they planned and implemented a life science unit in the classroom, and sought to define this relationship in order to gain insight into the roles of each educator. In addition, student learning as a result of instruction was assessed. Prior research has predominately examined relationships and roles of groups of teachers and informal educators in the museum setting (Tal et al. in Sci Educ 89:920-935, 2005; Tal and Steiner in Can J Sci Math Technol Educ 6:25-46, 2006; Tran 2007). The current study utilized case study methodology to examine one relationship (between two educators) in more depth and in a different setting—an elementary classroom. The relationship was defined through a framework of cooperation, coordination, and collaboration (Buck 1998; Intriligator 1986, 1992) containing eight dimensions. Findings suggest a relationship of coordination, which requires moderate commitment, risk, negotiation, and involvement, and examined the roles that each educator played and how they negotiated these roles. Consistent with previous examinations in science education of educator roles, the informal educator's role was to provide the students with expertise and resources not readily available to them. The roles played by the classroom teacher included classroom management, making connections to classroom activities and curricula, and clarifying concepts. Both educators' perceptions suggested they were at ease with their roles and that they felt these roles were critical to the optimization of the short time frames (1 h) the informal educator was in the classroom. Pre and posttest tests demonstrated students learned as a result of the programs.

The nucleon as a test case to calculate vector-isovector form factors at low energies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leupold, Stefan

2018-01-01

Extending a recent suggestion for hyperon form factors to the nucleon case, dispersion theory is used to relate the low-energy vector-isovector form factors of the nucleon to the pion vector form factor. The additionally required input, i.e. the pion-nucleon scattering amplitudes are determined from relativistic next-to-leading-order (NLO) baryon chiral perturbation theory including the nucleons and optionally the Delta baryons. Two methods to include pion rescattering are compared: a) solving the Muskhelishvili-Omnès (MO) equation and b) using an N/D approach. It turns out that the results differ strongly from each other. Furthermore the results are compared to a fully dispersive calculation of the (subthreshold) pion-nucleon amplitudes based on Roy-Steiner (RS) equations. In full agreement with the findings from the hyperon sector it turns out that the inclusion of Delta baryons is not an option but a necessity to obtain reasonable results. The magnetic isovector form factor depends strongly on a low-energy constant of the NLO Lagrangian. If it is adjusted such that the corresponding magnetic radius is reproduced, then the results for the corresponding pion-nucleon scattering amplitude (based on the MO equation) agree very well with the RS results. Also in the electric sector the Delta degrees of freedom are needed to obtain the correct order of magnitude for the isovector charge and the corresponding electric radius. Yet quantitative agreement is not achieved. If the subtraction constant that appears in the solution of the MO equation is not taken from nucleon+Delta chiral perturbation theory but adjusted such that the electric radius is reproduced, then one obtains also in this sector a pion-nucleon scattering amplitude that agrees well with the RS results.

Cephalometric Evaluation of Children with Allergic Rhinitis and Mouth Breathing.

PubMed

Agostinho, Helena Afonso; Furtado, Ivo Ãlvares; Silva, Francisco Salvado; Ustrell Torrent, Josep

2015-01-01

Orthodontists frequently treat children with mouth breathing. The purpose of the present study was to examine dental positions, skeletal effects and the pharyngeal airway space of children with chronic allergic rhinitis, when compared with a control group exhibiting a normal breathing pattern. Seventy Caucasian children from Santa Maria University Hospital - North Lisbon Hospital Center were evaluated, between September 2009 and February 2013. The study group comprised of 35 children with chronic allergic rhinitis, both genders, aged 5 - 14, with positive reaction to allergens, mouth breathing and malocclusion. The control group was composed of 35 children, both genders, displaying normal nasal breathing and malocclusion, who resorted to the orthodontic department. Measures of Ricketts, Steiner and McNamara's analysis were used and the t- Student test was applied to the data obtained. Statistically significant differences were observed between the oral and nasal breathers, respectively: lower facial height (49.1/45.9 mm), Frankfurt â mandibular plane angle (30.1/26.9º) and Sela-Nasion - oclusal plane angle (17.3/15º), maxillary length (78.4/82.4 mm), mandibular length (102.4/107 mm), overbite (0.8/3.1mm) and overjet (4/4.7 mm). Comparison between the allergic rhinitis and control group showed that there is an increased lower facial height, larger Frankfurt â mandibular plane angle and Sela-Nasion oclusal plane angle in children with chronic allergic rhinitis. This group also had a shorter maxillary and mandibular length, less overbite and decreased upper airway space. Children with allergic rhinitis and mouth breathing have longer faces, shorter maxillas and mandibles and a narrowed pharyngeal airway space. No statistical differences between the groups in sagital relationships or in dental inclinations were found.

Hazard assessment of exhaust emissions - The next generation of fast and reliable tools for in vitro screening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rothen-Rutishauser, B.

2017-12-01

Hazard assessment of exhaust emissions - The next generation of fast and reliable tools for in vitro screening Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; barbara.rothen@unifr.ch Pollution by vehicles is a major problem for the environment due to the various components in the exhaust gasses that are emitted into the atmosphere. A large number of epidemiological studies demonstrate the profound impact of vehicle emissions upon human health [1-3]. Such studies however, are unable to attribute a given subset of emissions to a certain adverse effect, which renders decision making difficult. Standardized protocols for exhaust toxicity assessment are lacking and it relies in many aspects on epidemiological and in vivo studies (animals), which are very time and cost-intensive and suffer from considerable ethical issues. An overview about the current state of research and clinical aspects in the field, as well as about the development of sophisticated in vitro approaches mimicking the inhalation of airborne particles / exhaust for the toxicological testing of engine emissions will be provided. Data will be presented that show that the combination of an air-liquid exposure system and 3D lung-cell culture model offers an adequate tool for fast and reliable investigations of complete exhaust toxicity as well as the effects of particulate fraction [4,5]. This approach yields important results for novel and improved emission technologies in the early stages of product development. [1] Donaldson et al. Part Fibre Toxicol 2005, 2: 10. [2] Ghio et al. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2012, 15: 1-21. [3] Peters et al. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 2009, 5-77. [4] Bisig et al. Emiss Control Sci Technol 2015, 1: 237-246. [5] Steiner et al. Atmos Environ 2013, 81: 380-388.

Increased expression of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous protein 2 correlated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Yang, Lian-Yue; Tao, Yi-Ming; Ou, Di-Peng; Wang, Wei; Chang, Zhi-Gang; Wu, Fan

2006-10-01

Because of its role in cell migration, the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE) 2 has been implicated in cancer metastasis. Evidence to support such a role of WAVE2 in human cancer, however, is lacking. We thus examined the expression of WAVE2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues to test whether the levels of WAVE2 expression correlated to the progression of HCC. Samples of 112 HCC patients were determined immunohistochemically for WAVE2 expression and the correlation of WAVE2 levels with prognosis was analyzed. Among the 112 cases, 31 paired HCC and paracarcinomatous liver tissue specimens were analyzed for WAVE2 levels by reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Among 112 cases of HCCs, the immunohistochemistry data indicated significant increase of WAVE2 expression levels in 71 cases. Importantly, the increased WAVE2 expression correlated with the multiple tumor nodules (P = 0.008), the absence of capsular formation (P = 0.035), Edmondson-Steiner grade (P = 0.009), vein invasion (P = 0.023), and a shortened median survival time (326 versus 512 days; P = 0.003). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed the WAVE2 expression level was an independent factor for prognosis. The immunohistochemistry data were further confirmed by results of reverse transcription-PCR and Western analysis of 31 HCC cases, in which the WAVE2 mRNA and protein in HCC tissues were significantly elevated when compared with paracarcinomatous liver tissue (P < 0.001). WAVE2 expression is elevated in HCC tissues, which correlates with a poor prognosis, suggesting WAVE2 as a candidate prognostic marker of HCC.

The latency complex: the dead hand of anti-development.

PubMed

Proner, Barry D

2017-09-01

It is common knowledge that the same phenomena can be viewed in a variety of ways. This paper considers the implications of a constellation observed in some adult patients who have increasingly reminded the author of some of the children of latency age with whom he has also worked. In the literature these patients may also have been thought about in terms of 'defences of the self' (Fordham), patients who are 'difficult to reach' (Joseph), 'psychic retreats' (Steiner), and those who make 'attacks on linking' (Bion). They may equally be considered in terms of schizoid, narcissistic or borderline personalities, or as showing features on the autistic spectrum, such as mindlessness and extreme obsessionality. Writers such as Helene Deutsch with her concept of an 'as-if personality', Winnicott with his 'false self', and Rosenfeld, discussing the split-off parts of the personality in narcissistic patients, have also offered much to think about in their consideration of some of these phenomena. This paper proposes yet another vertex - the author's own imaginative conjecture - that is by no means mutually exclusive of any of these others. © 2017, The Society of Analytical Psychology.

Distribution and persistence of emamectin benzoate at efficacious concentrations in pine tissues after injection of a liquid formulation.

PubMed

Takai, Kazuya; Suzuki, Toshio; Kawazu, Kazuyoshi

2004-01-01

In an earlier paper the authors reported the creation of a novel emamectin benzoate 40 g litre(-1) liquid formulation (Shot Wan Liquid Formulation). The injection of this formulation exerted a preventative effect against the pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle, and this effect lasted for at least 3 years. The present study was carried out to show experimentally that the marked effect of this formulation was due to the presence and persistence in pine tissues of sufficient amounts of emamectin benzoate to inhibit nematode propagation. A cleanup procedure prior to quantitative analysis of emamectin benzoate by fluorescence HPLC was devised. The presence of the compound in concentrations sufficient to inhibit nematode propagation in the shoots of current growth and its persistence for 3 years explained the marked preventative effect. Non-distribution of emamectin benzoate in some parts of the lower trunk suggested that the formulation should be injected at several points for large trees in order to distribute the compound uniformly to lower branches.

Minimal model of a cell connecting amoebic motion and adaptive transport networks.

PubMed

Gunji, Yukio-Pegio; Shirakawa, Tomohiro; Niizato, Takayuki; Haruna, Taichi

2008-08-21

A cell is a minimal self-sustaining system that can move and compute. Previous work has shown that a unicellular slime mold, Physarum, can be utilized as a biological computer based on cytoplasmic flow encapsulated by a membrane. Although the interplay between the modification of the boundary of a cell and the cytoplasmic flow surrounded by the boundary plays a key role in Physarum computing, no model of a cell has been developed to describe this interplay. Here we propose a toy model of a cell that shows amoebic motion and can solve a maze, Steiner minimum tree problem and a spanning tree problem. Only by assuming that cytoplasm is hardened after passing external matter (or softened part) through a cell, the shape of the cell and the cytoplasmic flow can be changed. Without cytoplasm hardening, a cell is easily destroyed. This suggests that cytoplasmic hardening and/or sol-gel transformation caused by external perturbation can keep a cell in a critical state leading to a wide variety of shapes and motion.

Pathogenicity of Steinernema carpocapsae and Steinernema glaseri (Nematoda:Steinernematidae) to Ixodes Scapularis (Acari:Ixodidae)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zhioua, E.; LeBrun, R.A.; Ginsberg, H.S.; Aeschliman, A.

1995-01-01

The entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) and S. glaseri (Steiner) are pathogenic to engorged adult, blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis (Say), but not to unfed females, engorged nymphs, or engorged larvae. Nematodes apparently enter the tick through the genital pore, thus precluding infection of immature ticks. The timing of tick mortality, and overall mortality after 17 d, did not differ between infections by S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri. These nematodes typically do not complete their life cycles or produce infective juveniles in I. scapularis. However, both species successfully produced infective juveniles when the tick body was slit before nematode infection. Mortality of engorged I. scapularis females infected by S. carpocapsae was greater than uninfected controls, but did not vary significantly with nematode concentration (50-3,000 infective juveniles per 5-cm-diameter petri dish). The LC50 was 347.8 infective juveniles per petri dish (5 ticks per dish). Hatched egg masses of infected ticks weighed less than those of uninfected controls. Mortality of infected ticks was greatest between 20 and 30?C, and was lower at 15?C.

Dynamic probability control limits for risk-adjusted Bernoulli CUSUM charts.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiang; Woodall, William H

2015-11-10

The risk-adjusted Bernoulli cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart developed by Steiner et al. (2000) is an increasingly popular tool for monitoring clinical and surgical performance. In practice, however, the use of a fixed control limit for the chart leads to a quite variable in-control average run length performance for patient populations with different risk score distributions. To overcome this problem, we determine simulation-based dynamic probability control limits (DPCLs) patient-by-patient for the risk-adjusted Bernoulli CUSUM charts. By maintaining the probability of a false alarm at a constant level conditional on no false alarm for previous observations, our risk-adjusted CUSUM charts with DPCLs have consistent in-control performance at the desired level with approximately geometrically distributed run lengths. Our simulation results demonstrate that our method does not rely on any information or assumptions about the patients' risk distributions. The use of DPCLs for risk-adjusted Bernoulli CUSUM charts allows each chart to be designed for the corresponding particular sequence of patients for a surgeon or hospital. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Between brushstrokes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hagan, Catherine Beverly Anne Rodin

This thesis explores the fundamental experiential connections between visual art and science. The author links the academic text to multiple visual essays in an exploration of the holistic teaching and learning methodologies in visual art pedagogy. An examination of the educational philosophies of Dewey and Steiner supports the focus on experience as education. The philosophies of Eisner, Goudy, Dewey, London, Arnheim and Wallschlaeger provide a foundation for the overall structure of the separate concepts of visual art. The inclusion of visual essays and the hermeneutical mode in which they are sequenced follows the theories and examples of Sontag, Barthes, Berger, Silvers and Wilde. Creativity studies conducted by Csikszentmihalyi and the theories of invention in science investigated by Kuhn and Judson connect the creative process in visual art to science. Sheen, Feynman, D'Arcy Thompson and Capra offer a perspective on the learning, teaching and evaluation methodologies and philosophy in the area of science, particularly physics, botany and geometry. The examination of these theories as background, combined with narrative experiences and the exploratory visual component, draw out conclusions and implications about the untapped potential of visual art in education.

The Colorado Plateau Coring Project (CPCP): A Continuous Cored Record of Triassic Continental Environmental Change in Western North America

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olsen, P. E.; Geissman, J. W.; Gehrels, G. E.; Irmis, R. B.; Kent, D. V.; Mundil, R.; Parker, W.; Sha, J.; Molina-Garza, R. S.; Kuerschner, W.; Bachmann, G. H.; Schaller, M. F.; Zakharova, N. V.; Colbert, M.

2014-12-01

The Triassic Period (251.9-201.3 Ma) is bound by two of the Earth's largest mass extinctions, suffered several giant bolide impacts and eruption of 3 large igneous provinces, and witnessed evolution of the main components of modern tetrapod communities, and yet has sparse geochronological calibration. To bridge this gap, NSF- and ICDP-funded coring of Phase 1 of the CPCP finished in 12/2013 with the recovery of two major cores (1A, 518m and 2B, 253m; 31km apart) from opposites sides of Petrified Forest National Park spanning nearly the entire Triassic sequence (Chinle & Moenkopi fms) with many U-Pb datable levels (1,2,3) and a recoverable paleomagnetic polarity record (4). The cores will provide a U-Pb and paleomagnetic exportable time scale and sedimentary and geochemical proxies with undoubted superposition testing the motivating hypotheses of: 1) the accuracy of orbitally-paced cyclicity of the Newark APTS (5); 2) apparent climate trends as a function of drift through climate belts (6) and atmospheric CO2 (7); 3) the temporal link between the mid-Late Triassic biotic turnover and the ~100 km Manicouagan impact (1); and 4) the delayed ecological dominance of dinosaurs coupled to climate-driven provinciality (1,8). For orientation, the cores were drilled using a azimuth-tracking device, deviated 30° and 15° from vertical to the SE and S, and CT-scanned. The unprecedented sedimentological and stratigraphic detail visible in the CT-scans, and geophysical logs, plus the ~100% recovery promises successful tests of the motivating hypotheses and provide a superbly detailed reference section for this key episode in Earth system history. 1, Irmis+,2011, EPSL 309:258; 2, Ramazani+, 2011, GSA Bull. 123:2142; 3, Ramazani+, 2014, AJS 314:981; 4, Steiner & Lucas, 2000, JGR B 105:25791; 5, Kent & Olsen, 1999, JGR 104(B6):12831-12841; 6, Kent and Tauxe, 2005, Science 307:240-244; 7, Schaller+, 2012, EPSL 323-324:27-39; 8, Kent +, 2014, PNAS 111:7958-7963.

Einstein Online: A Web-based Course for K-12 Teachers from the American Museum of Natural History

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, Robert

2004-05-01

Einstein Online: A Web-based Course for K-12 Teachers from the American Museum of Natural History Robert V. Steiner, Ph.D. Project Director, Seminars on Science American Museum of Natural History The American Museum of Natural History, in collaboration with Hebrew University and the Skirball Cultural Center, has created a major exhibit on Albert Einstein, including extensive coverage of his contributions to relativity, quantum mechanics and unified field theories as well as the social and political dimensions of his life. Leveraging the assets of this exhibit as well as the expertise of the Museum's Department of Astrophysics and its Education Department, a six-week online professional development course for K-12 teachers has been created, providing inquires into some of the frontiers of physics through rich media resources, facilitated discussion forums and assignments. The course, which requires only minimal Web access, offers a unique opportunity for teachers across the United States to explore modern physics guided by a working scientist and a skilled online facilitator. The course includes original essays by Museum scientists, images, video, simulations, web links and digital resources for classroom use. The course design, development, implementation and evaluation are reviewed.

Hexamermis popilliae n. sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Italy.

PubMed

Mazza, Giuseppe; Paoli, Francesco; Strangi, Agostino; Torrini, Giulia; Marianelli, Leonardo; Peverieri, Giuseppino Sabbatini; Binazzi, Francesco; Bosio, Giovanni; Sacchi, Stefano; Benvenuti, Claudia; Venanzio, Davide; Giacometto, Emanuela; Roversi, Pio F; Poinar, George O

2017-10-01

A new species of mermithid nematode, Hexamermis popilliae n. sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) is described from the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica Newman in Italy, an area of new introduction for this invasive pest. The combination of the following characters separates H. popilliae from other members of the genus Hexamermis Steiner, 1924: adult head obtuse; amphidial pouches slightly posterior to lateral head papillae in female but adjacent to lateral head papillae in males; amphidial openings large, well developed; amphidial pouches elliptical in females and oblong in males; cuticular vulvar cone well developed, vulvar lips greatly reduced or lacking, vagina curved at tip where meeting uteri, without reverse bend (not S-shaped), spicules slightly curved, with a slight bend in the basal portion, approximately equal to body width at cloaca. This is the first record of a species of Hexamermis parasitizing the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica. The only previous mention of mermithid nematodes from P. japonica was an undescribed species of Psammomermis in North America. Hexamermis popilliae will be evaluated as a potential biological control agent in an integrated control program of the Japanese beetle in Italy.

Experimental Investigation of the Electrothermal Instability on Planar Foil Ablation Experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, Adam; Patel, Sonal; Yager-Elorriaga, David; Jordan, Nicholas; Gilgenbach, Ronald; Lau, Y. Y.

2014-10-01

The electrothermal instability (ETI) is an important early-time physical effect on pulsed power foil ablation experiments due to its ability to seed the destructive magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) instability. ETI occurs whenever electrical resistivity has temperature dependence; when resistivity increases with temperature, as with solid metal liners or foils, ETI forms striation structures perpendicular to current flow. These striations provide an initial perturbation for the MRT instability, which is the dominant late-time instability in planar foil ablations. The MAIZE linear transformer driver was used to drive current pulses of approximately 600 kA into 400 nm-thick aluminum foils in order to study ETI in planar geometry. Shadowgraph images of the aluminum plasmas were taken for multiple shots at various times within approximately 50 ns of current start. Fourier analysis extracted the approximate wavelengths of the instability structures on the plasma-vacuum interface. Surface metrology of pre-shot foils was performed to provide a comparison between surface roughness features and resulting plasma structure. This work was supported by US DoE. S.G. Patel and A.M. Steiner supported by NPSC funded by Sandia. D.A. Yager supported by NSF fellowship Grant # DGE 1256260.

Reduced-rank technique for joint channel estimation in TD-SCDMA systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamil Marzook, Ali; Ismail, Alyani; Mohd Ali, Borhanuddin; Sali, Adawati; Khatun, Sabira

2013-02-01

In time division-synchronous code division multiple access systems, increasing the system capacity by exploiting the inserting of the largest number of users in one time slot (TS) requires adding more estimation processes to estimate the joint channel matrix for the whole system. The increase in the number of channel parameters due the increase in the number of users in one TS directly affects the precision of the estimator's performance. This article presents a novel channel estimation with low complexity, which relies on reducing the rank order of the total channel matrix H. The proposed method exploits the rank deficiency of H to reduce the number of parameters that characterise this matrix. The adopted reduced-rank technique is based on truncated singular value decomposition algorithm. The algorithms for reduced-rank joint channel estimation (JCE) are derived and compared against traditional full-rank JCEs: least squares (LS) or Steiner and enhanced (LS or MMSE) algorithms. Simulation results of the normalised mean square error showed the superiority of reduced-rank estimators. In addition, the channel impulse responses founded by reduced-rank estimator for all active users offers considerable performance improvement over the conventional estimator along the channel window length.

Isoscalar-vector interaction and hybrid quark core in massive neutron stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shao, G. Y.; Colonna, M.; Di Toro, M.; Liu, Y. X.; Liu, B.

2013-05-01

The hadron-quark phase transition in the core of massive neutron stars is studied with a newly constructed two-phase model. For nuclear matter, a nonlinear Walecka type model with general nucleon-meson and meson-meson couplings, recently calibrated by Steiner, Hemper and Fischer, is taken. For quark matter, a modified Polyakov-Nambu—Jona-Lasinio model, which gives consistent results with lattice QCD data, is used. Most importantly, we introduce an isoscalar-vector interaction in the description of quark matter, and we study its influence on the hadron-quark phase transition in the interior of massive neutron stars. With the constraints of neutron star observations, our calculation shows that the isoscalar-vector interaction between quarks is indispensable if massive hybrids star exist in the universe, and its strength determines the onset density of quark matter, as well as the mass-radius relations of hybrid stars. Furthermore, as a connection with heavy-ion-collision experiments we give some discussions about the strength of isoscalar-vector interaction and its effect on the signals of hadron-quark phase transition in heavy-ion collisions, in the energy range of the NICA at JINR-Dubna and FAIR at GSI-Darmstadt facilities.

A study of X-ray variation in LMC X-1 with Suzaku

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koyama, Shu; Kubota, Aya; Yamada, Shinya; Makishima, Kazuo; Tashiro, Makoto; Terada, Yukikatsu

LMC X-1 is one of persistently luminous X-ray black hole binaries accompanying an O type star. It has been observed repeatedly since its discovery by a rocket mission (Mark et al. 1969). LMC X-1 was observed with Suzaku in July 2009 for 120 ksec, and was detected over a wide X-ray band of 0.5-50 keV. As Steiner et al. (2012) reported, the source was in the soft state with 10% of Eddington luminosity, and the spectrum showed a clear iron line emission. We analyzed the Suzaku light curve and found intensity-correlated variations in the spectral hardness ratio on a timescale of 10 ksec. The variation is explained by 10% changes in the Comptonised emission, possibly accompanied by those in the narrow iron line. Assuming that the variation timescale corresponds to the viscous time scale of a standard accretion disk, these components are considered to have been emitted from a region at a distance of 150 Rg from the black hole. We also found 3 mHz QPO in lower energy band. We discuss geometry of accretion flow and interpretation of the low freqency QPO.

Hybrid X-pinch Experiments on a MA Linear Transformer Driver

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patel, S. G.; Yager-Elorriaga, D. A.; Steiner, A. M.; Gilgenbach, R. M.; Jordan, N. M.; Chalenski, D. A.; Lau, Y. Y.

2013-10-01

X-pinch experiments have been conducted on the Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) at the University of Michigan. The x-pinch consists of a single wire separated by conical electrodes between two current return plates. The LTD was charged to +/-70 kV resulting in approximately 0.5 MA passing through a 35 μm Al wire. Multiple, short x-ray bursts were detected over the 400 ns current pulse. Ultimately the x-pinch will be located in parallel with a planar foil in order to backlight the Magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability. A smaller 100 kA driver is also in development and may be used to independently energize the x-pinch. The x-pinch chamber has been constructed and the results of these experiments will be presented. This work was supported by DoE award number DE-SC0002590, NSF grant number PHY 0903340, and US DoE through Sandia National Labs award numbers 240985 and 76822 to the U of Michigan. S.G Patel and A.M Steiner are supported by NPSC funded by Sandia National Labs. D.A. Yager-Elorriaga is supported by an NSF fellowship under grant number DGE 1256260.

Using the preschool language scale, fourth edition to characterize language in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders.

PubMed

Volden, Joanne; Smith, Isabel M; Szatmari, Peter; Bryson, Susan; Fombonne, Eric; Mirenda, Pat; Roberts, Wendy; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Waddell, Charlotte; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Georgiades, Stelios; Duku, Eric; Thompson, Ann

2011-08-01

The Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition (PLS-4; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002) was used to examine syntactic and semantic language skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to determine its suitability for use with this population. We expected that PLS-4 performance would be better in more intellectually able children and that receptive skills would be relatively more impaired than expressive abilities, consistent with previous findings in the area of vocabulary. Our sample consisted of 294 newly diagnosed preschool children with ASD. Children were assessed via a battery of developmental measures, including the PLS-4. As expected, PLS-4 scores were higher in more intellectually able children with ASD, and overall, expressive communication was higher than auditory comprehension. However, this overall advantage was not stable across nonverbal developmental levels. Expressive skills were significantly better than receptive skills at the youngest developmental levels, whereas the converse applied in children with more advanced development. The PLS-4 can be used to obtain a general index of early syntax and semantic skill in young children with ASD. Longitudinal data will be necessary to determine how the developmental relationship between receptive and expressive language skills unfolds in children with ASD.

A-void--an exploration of defences against sensing nothingness.

PubMed

Emanuel, R

2001-12-01

The author describes the potentially annihilating terror implicit in the experience of contact with the void--the 'domain of the non-existent' or nothingness, conceived as an immensely hostile object, terrifying space or a place of 'nameless dread'. All manifestations of existence are threatened by contact with the void, necessitating the deployment of a variety of defences. These various defences--universally employed to avoid contact with this domain--are then discussed. These include trying to search for a fixed sense of identity that can often propel people to seek refuge inside an object or state of mind, as described in Meltzer's 'claustrum' and Steiner's 'psychic retreat'. Other defences, including distraction and grandiosity, are also described. The author then goes on to discuss techniques for helping patients to tolerate contact with mental states engendered by the threat of potential contact with the void, in order to strengthen their capacity to feel and thus enlarge their repertoire of coping with anxiety in a non-reactive and thus growth-inducing manner. This involves discussion about psychoanalytically informed Buddhist understanding of these states and the nature of identity itself, as well as the correlation between these insights and those offered by Bion and other psychoanalytic writers.

Biobanking of different body fluids within the frame of IVF-a standard operating procedure to improve reproductive biology research.

PubMed

Schenk, Michael; Huppertz, Berthold; Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara; Kastelic, Darja; Hörmann-Kröpfl, Martina; Weiss, Gregor

2017-02-01

The aim of the present study was to develop a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the collection, transport, and storage of human cumulus cells, follicular fluid, blood serum, seminal plasma, embryo culture supernatant, and embryo culture supernatant control obtained within the IVF process under approved protocols and written informed consent from participating patients. The SOP was developed at the Kinderwunsch Institut Schenk, Dobl, Austria, together with Biobank Graz of the Medical University of Graz, Austria. The SOP provides comprehensive details of laboratory procedures and sampling of the different fluids within the IVF process. Furthermore, information on sample coding, references of involved laboratory techniques (e.g., oocyte retrieval with a Steiner-TAN needle), ethical approvals, and biobanking procedures are presented. The result of the present study is a standard operating procedure. The SOP ensures a professional way for collection and scientific use of IVF samples by the Kinderwunsch Institut Schenk, Dobl, Austria, and Biobank Graz of the Medical University of Graz, Austria. It can be used as a template for other institutions to unify specimen collection procedures in the field of reproductive health research.

Fluoride bioaccumulation by hydroponic cultures of camellia (Camellia japonica spp.) and sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum spp.).

PubMed

Camarena-Rangel, Nancy; Rojas Velázquez, Angel Natanael; Santos-Díaz, María del Socorro

2015-10-01

The ability of hydroponic cultures of camellia and sugar cane adult plants to remove fluoride was investigated. Plants were grown in a 50% Steiner nutrient solution. After an adaptation period to hydroponic conditions, plants were exposed to different fluoride concentrations (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L(-1)). Fluoride concentration in the culture medium and in tissues was measured. In sugar cane, fluoride was mainly located in roots, with 86% of it absorbed and 14% adsorbed. Sugar cane plants removed 1000-1200 mg fluoride kg(-1) dry weight. In camellia plants the highest fluoride concentration was found in leaf. Roots accumulated fluoride mainly through absorption, which was 2-5 times higher than adsorption. At the end of the experiment, fluoride accumulation in camellia plants was 1000-1400 mgk g(-1) dry weight. Estimated concentration factors revealed that fluoride bioaccumulation is 74-221-fold in camellia plants and 100-500-fold in sugar cane plants. Thus, the latter appear as a suitable candidate for removing fluoride from water due to their bioaccumulation capacity and vigorous growth rate; therefore, sugar cane might be used for phytoremediation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

From daily to sub-daily time steps - Creating a high temporal and spatial resolution climate reference data set for hydrological modeling and bias-correction of RCM data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Willkofer, Florian; Wood, Raul R.; Schmid, Josef; von Trentini, Fabian; Ludwig, Ralf

2016-04-01

The ClimEx project (Climate change and hydrological extreme events - risks and perspectives for water management in Bavaria and Québec) focuses on the effects of climate change on hydro-meteorological extreme events and their implications for water management in Bavaria and Québec. It builds on the conjoint analysis of a large ensemble of the CRCM5, driven by 50 members of the CanESM2, and the latest information provided through the CORDEX-initiative, to better assess the influence of natural climate variability and climatic change on the dynamics of extreme events. A critical point in the entire project is the preparation of a meteorological reference dataset with the required temporal (1-6h) and spatial (500m) resolution to be able to better evaluate hydrological extreme events in mesoscale river basins. For Bavaria a first reference data set (daily, 1km) used for bias-correction of RCM data was created by combining raster based data (E-OBS [1], HYRAS [2], MARS [3]) and interpolated station data using the meteorological interpolation schemes of the hydrological model WaSiM [4]. Apart from the coarse temporal and spatial resolution, this mosaic of different data sources is considered rather inconsistent and hence, not applicable for modeling of hydrological extreme events. Thus, the objective is to create a dataset with hourly data of temperature, precipitation, radiation, relative humidity and wind speed, which is then used for bias-correction of the RCM data being used as driver for hydrological modeling in the river basins. Therefore, daily data is disaggregated to hourly time steps using the 'Method of fragments' approach [5], based on available training stations. The disaggregation chooses fragments of daily values from observed hourly datasets, based on similarities in magnitude and behavior of previous and subsequent events. The choice of a certain reference station (hourly data, provision of fragments) for disaggregating daily station data (application of fragments) is crucial and several methods will be tested to achieve a profound spatial interpolation. This entire methodology shall be applicable for existing or newly developed datasets. References [1] Haylock, M.R., N. Hofstra, A.M.G. Klein Tank, E.J. Klok, P.D. Jones and M. New. A European daily high-resolution gridded dataset of surface temperature and precipitation. J. Geophys. Res (Atmospheres) (2008), 113, D20119, doi:10.1029/2008JD10201. [2] Rauthe, M., Steiner, H., Riediger, U., Mazurkiewicz, A. and A. Gratzki. A Central European precipitation climatology - Part I: Generation and validation of a high-resolution gridded daily data set (HYRAS). Meteorologische Zeitschrift (2013), 22/3, p.238-256. [3] MARS-AGRI4CAST. AGRI4CAST Interpolated Meteorological Data. http://mars.jrc.ec.europa.eu/mars/ About-us/AGRI4CAST/Data-distribution/AGRI4CAST-Interpolated-Meteorological-Data. 2007, last accessed May 10th, 2013. [4] Schulla, J. Model Description WaSiM - Water balance Simulation Model. 2015, available at: http://wasim.ch/en/products/wasim_description.htm. [5] Sharma, A. and S. Srikanthan. Continuous Rainfall Simulation: A Nonparametric Alternative. 30th Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium, Launceston, Tasmania, 4-7 December, 2006.

Cold-stenothermic spring fauna in mountainous headwaters of the National Park Kellerwald-Edersee in Germany

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reiss, Martin; Zaenker, Stefan; Chifflard, Peter

2017-04-01

Since 2002, spring habitat investigations and mapping campaigns were executed in the National Park Kellerwald-Edersee (Central Germany, Federal State of Hesse). 693 springs are currently assessed within an ongoing ecological-faunistic inventory with additional data about physico-chemical properties and hydrological conditions of the spring water (e.g. pH value, electrical conductivity, water temperature and flow velocity). 1029 taxa are found so far, whereby, springs are investigated as a land-water ecotone where aquatic and terrestrial fauna was detected. Data continuously stored in the data base of the Hesse Biospeleological Register (Reiss, Steiner, Zaenker 2009) coupled with a Geographical Information System. Spring habitats can be characterized as mostly undisturbed, oligotrophic and near natural structured with heterogenous microhabitat conditions. Nearly 90 percentages of the springs are helocrenic habitats with a diffuse and low discharge, temporally dried out, but staying under wet substrate conditions. 85 percentages of the springs occurring under forests without any cultivation or forest management use. Coarse mineral substrate dominating slightly, followed up by fine mineral substrate types. Most common mineral related microhabitats are microlithal (coarse gravel) and psammopelal (fine silt). The high microhabitat diversity depends mostly to forest correlated organic substrate types. Here, most dominant are CPOM (leaf litter) and woody debris (deadwood). Substrate richness is significantly correlated to preferential fauna colonization of different, partly rare or endangered species. Undisturbed conditions are also characterized by relative cold stenothermy and oligotrophy. The latter is indicated by a very low electrical conductivity (Mean: 236 µS*cm-1). The mean annual water temperature is 9° Celsius with low amplitudes of max. and min. values. Spring water is nearly neutral and there is no identifiable trend in acidification (mean pH value of 6,9). Due to nearly unaffected ecohydrological properties, in particular: relative consistently cold water temperature with low amplitudes (cold stenothermy), mostly low flow velocity and an intermittent discharge regime a very unique and specific adapted spring fauna composition for the German low mountain ranges can be characterized. Cold stenothermic and spring related species are very frequent in relative occurrence and abundance. We analyzed a map based and representative distribution for the entire large-scale protected area of the National Park Kellerwald-Edersee according to Bythinella dunkeri (spring snail), Crenobia alpina (planarian), Crunoecia irrorata (caddisfly) and Niphargus schellenbergi (groundwater amphipod). We discuss the potential of ecohydrological research on possible climate change predictions and consequences on the distribution of cold stenothermic and spring dwelling species within the special context of research goals in National Parks. Here, an idea of a new approach for an ecohydrological assessment by indicating cold stenothermic taxa is given as an outlook. References Reiss, M., Steiner, H. & S. Zaenker (2009): The Biospeleological Register of the Hesse Federation for Cave and Karst Research (Germany). Cave and Karst Science 35(1), pp.25-34.

Upper Permian magnetic stratigraphy of the lower Beaufort Group, Karoo Basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanci, L.; Tohver, E.; Wilson, A.; Flint, S.

2013-08-01

We carried out a magnetostratigraphic and geochronological study of late Permian sediments in the Karoo Basin of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. A continuous, ~700 m thick section of deltaic sediments of the upper Waterford Formation (uppermost Ecca Group) and the fluvial sediments of the Abrahamskraal Formation (lowermost Beaufort Group) were sampled at the meter scale. U-Pb dating of zircons from interbedded volcanic ash beds by ion microprobe (SHRIMP) provided absolute age constraints on the age of the sedimentary rocks. Paleomagnetic analysis reveals a partial overprint of the Natural Remanent Magnetization (NRM) that is tentatively ascribed to the emplacement of the Karoo Large Igneous Province in the Western Cape region during the middle Jurassic. A stable component of the NRM was found at temperatures higher than 450 °C and was interpreted as a Characteristic Remanent Magnetization (ChRM) acquired during deposition, supported by a positive reversals test for this dual polarity ChRM. The virtual geomagnetic pole position for the Waterford and Abrahamskraal Formations computed from the average ChRM direction is in general agreement with the late Permian directions for stable Gondwana. A significantly different average inclination, and thus paleomagnetic pole position, is obtained by correcting the inclination shallowing error by the Elongation-Inclination method (Tauxe and Kent, 2004). The presence of both normal and reversed polarity zones indicate deposition after the end of the Kiaman Superchron, moreover the polarity sequence is in good agreement with the Illawarra sequence of Steiner (2006). Our results indicate a Capitanian (late Guadalupian) age for the Abrahamskraal Fm., in agreement with the Late Permian age, based on presence of Glossopteris flora and Dicynodont fauna, traditionally assigned to the fluvial-lacustrine sediments of the Beaufort Group. However, the U-Pb zircon ages of ca. 264-268 Ma suggest an age of 269 Ma for the top of the Kiaman superchron.

Measurement properties and classification accuracy of two spanish parent surveys of language development for preschool-age children.

PubMed

Guiberson, Mark; Rodríguez, Barbara L

2010-08-01

To describe the concurrent validity and classification accuracy of 2 Spanish parent surveys of language development, the Spanish Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ; Squires, Potter, & Bricker, 1999) and the Pilot Inventario-III (Pilot INV-III; Guiberson, 2008a). Forty-eight Spanish-speaking parents of preschool-age children participated. Twenty-two children had expressive language delays, and 26 had typical language development. The parents completed the Spanish ASQ and the Pilot INV-III at home, and the Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition: Spanish Edition (PLS-4 Spanish; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002) was administered to the children at preschool centers. The Spanish ASQ and Pilot INV-III were significantly correlated with the PLS-4 Spanish, establishing concurrent validity. On both surveys, children with expressive language delays scored significantly lower than children with typical development. The Spanish ASQ demonstrated unacceptably low sensitivity (59%) and good specificity (92%), while the Pilot INV-III demonstrated fair sensitivity (82%) and specificity (81%). Likelihood ratios and posttest probability revealed that the Pilot INV-III may assist in detection of expressive language delays, but viewed alone it is insufficient to make an unconditional screening determination. Results suggest that Spanish parent surveys hold promise for screening language delay in Spanish-speaking preschool children; however, further refinement of these tools is needed.

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of an Axial Magnetic Field on the Magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor Instability in Ablating Planar Foils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yager-Elorriaga, D. A.; Patel, S. G.; Steiner, A. M.; Jordan, N. M.; Weiss, M. R.; Gilgenbach, R. M.; Lau, Y. Y.

2014-10-01

Experiments are underway to study the effects an axial magnetic field on the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability (MRT) in ablating planar foils on the 1-MA LTD at the Michigan Accelerator for Inductive Z-pinch Experiments (MAIZE) facility at the University of Michigan. For 600 kA drive current, a 15 T axial magnetic field is produced using helical return current posts. During the current pulse, the magnetic field may diffuse into the foil, creating a sheared magnetic field along with the possibility of shear stabilization of the MRT instability. Theoretical investigation at UM has shown that a sheared azimuthal magnetic field coupled with an axial magnetic field reduces the MRT growth rate in general. In order to study this effect, the amount of magnetic shear is controlled by offsetting the initial position of the foil. A 775 nm Ti:sapphire laser will be used to shadowgraph the foil in order to measure the MRT growth rate. By comparing these results to previous experiments at UM, the effects of magnetic shear and an axial magnetic field will be determined. This work was supported by US DoE. S.G. Patel and A.M. Steiner supported by NPSC funded by Sandia. D.A. Yager-Elorriaga supported by NSF fellowship Grant DGE 1256260.

Pion-nucleon scattering in covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory with explicit Delta resonances

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, De-Liang; Siemens, D.; Bernard, V.; Epelbaum, E.; Gasparyan, A. M.; Gegelia, J.; Krebs, H.; Meißner, Ulf-G.

2016-05-01

We present the results of a third order calculation of the pion-nucleon scattering amplitude in a chiral effective field theory with pions, nucleons and delta resonances as explicit degrees of freedom. We work in a manifestly Lorentz invariant formulation of baryon chiral perturbation theory using dimensional regularization and the extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme. In the delta resonance sector, the on mass-shell renormalization is realized as a complex-mass scheme. By fitting the low-energy constants of the effective Lagrangian to the S- and P -partial waves a satisfactory description of the phase shifts from the analysis of the Roy-Steiner equations is obtained. We predict the phase shifts for the D and F waves and compare them with the results of the analysis of the George Washington University group. The threshold parameters are calculated both in the delta-less and delta-full cases. Based on the determined low-energy constants, we discuss the pion-nucleon sigma term. Additionally, in order to determine the strangeness content of the nucleon, we calculate the octet baryon masses in the presence of decuplet resonances up to next-to-next-to-leading order in SU(3) baryon chiral perturbation theory. The octet baryon sigma terms are predicted as a byproduct of this calculation.

The Turn of the Millennium, CTIO and AURA-O, 1993-2007

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, M. G.

2015-05-01

The decade 1993-2003 was a particularly exciting time to be at Cerro Tololo - for most staff members. Tough times at the beginning involved significant staff reductions - the worst moment of my professional career. In return, the observatory was granted a period of stability in which it was possible to rebuild morale, which in turn helped the research climate to recover rapidly. Emphasis was given to improving the image quality at the Blanco 4m (led by Jack Baldwin), while quietly supporting efficient operation of the smaller telescopes (led locally by Alistair Walker) via the development of the SMARTs consortium. In 1998 came the high point - the announcement of the discovery of Dark Energy that showed us all how much we still have to learn about the universe; this work depended crucially on the work of staff members at CTIO and staff and students from Chilean and Argentinian universities (as described elsewhere at this conference). The Inter-American nature of CTIO also laid the crucial groundwork (in which Joao Steiner was a key player) for Brazil's involvement in SOAR and Gemini. Work during the period to minimize the advance of light pollution over Cerro Tololo (and the rest of northern Chile) helped create a credible case for siting the LSST on Cerro Pachón.

Chiral corrections to the Adler-Weisberger sum rule

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beane, Silas R.; Klco, Natalie

2016-12-01

The Adler-Weisberger sum rule for the nucleon axial-vector charge, gA , offers a unique signature of chiral symmetry and its breaking in QCD. Its derivation relies on both algebraic aspects of chiral symmetry, which guarantee the convergence of the sum rule, and dynamical aspects of chiral symmetry breaking—as exploited using chiral perturbation theory—which allow the rigorous inclusion of explicit chiral symmetry breaking effects due to light-quark masses. The original derivations obtained the sum rule in the chiral limit and, without the benefit of chiral perturbation theory, made various attempts at extrapolating to nonvanishing pion masses. In this paper, the leading, universal, chiral corrections to the chiral-limit sum rule are obtained. Using PDG data, a recent parametrization of the pion-nucleon total cross sections in the resonance region given by the SAID group, as well as recent Roy-Steiner equation determinations of subthreshold amplitudes, threshold parameters, and correlated low-energy constants, the Adler-Weisberger sum rule is confronted with experimental data. With uncertainty estimates associated with the cross-section parametrization, the Goldberger-Treimann discrepancy, and the truncation of the sum rule at O (Mπ4) in the chiral expansion, this work finds gA=1.248 ±0.010 ±0.007 ±0.013 .

Spectroscopic Measurements of Planar Foil Plasmas Driven by a MA LTD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patel, Sonal; Yager-Elorriaga, David; Steiner, Adam; Jordan, Nick; Gilgenbach, Ronald; Lau, Y. Y.

2014-10-01

Planar foil ablation experiments are being conducted on the Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) at the University of Michigan. The experiment consists of a 400 nm-thick, Al planar foil and a current return post. An optical fiber is placed perpendicular to the magnetic field and linear polarizers are used to isolate the pi and sigma lines. The LTD is charged to +/-70 kV with approximately 400-500 kA passing through the foil. Laser shadowgraphy has previously imaged the plasma and measured anisotropy in the Magneto Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) instability. Localized magnetic field measurements using Zeeman splitting during the current rise is expected to yield some insight into this anisotropy. Initial experiments use Na D lines of Al foils seeded with sodium to measure Zeeman splitting. Several ion lines are also currently being studied, such as Al III and C IV, to probe the higher temperature core plasma. In planned experiments, several lens-coupled optical fibers will be placed across the foil, and local magnetic field measurements will be taken to measure current division within the plasma. This work was supported by US DoE. S.G. Patel and A.M. Steiner supported by NPSC funded by Sandia. D.A. Yager supported by NSF fellowship Grant DGE 1256260.

New Planar Wire Array Experiments on the LTD Generator at U Michigan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weller, M. E.; Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Shrestha, I.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Cooper, M. C.; Lorance, M. Y.; Stafford, A.; Petkov, E. E.; Jordan, N. M.; Patel, S. G.; Steiner, A. M.; Yager-Elorriaga, D. A.; Gilgenbach, R. M.

2014-10-01

Experiments on planar wire array z-pinches have been carried out on the MAIZE Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) generator at the University of Michigan (UM) for the first time. Specifically, Al (Al 5056, 95% Al, 5% Mg) double planar wire arrays (DPWAs) comprising six wires in each plane with interplanar gaps of 3.0 mm and 6.0 mm and interwire gaps of 0.7 mm and 1.0 mm were imploded with x-ray time-integrated spectra indicating electron temperatures of over 450 eV for K-shell Al and Mg, while producing mostly optically thin lines. In addition to x-ray time-integrated spectra, the diagnostics included x-ray time-integrated pinhole cameras, two silicon diodes, and shadowgraphy, which are analyzed and compared. The MAIZE LTD is capable of supplying up 1.0 MA, 100 kV pulses with 100 ns rise time into a matched load. However, for these experiments the LTD was charged to +-70 kV resulting in up to 0.5 MA with a current rise time of approximately 150 ns. Future experiments and the importance of studying planar wire arrays on LTD devices are discussed. This work supported by NNSA under DOE Cooperative Agreement DE-NA0001984. S. Patel & A. Steiner supported by Sandia. D. Yager-Elorriaga supported by NSF GF.

Covariant path integrals on hyperbolic surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaefer, Joe

1997-11-01

DeWitt's covariant formulation of path integration [B. De Witt, "Dynamical theory in curved spaces. I. A review of the classical and quantum action principles," Rev. Mod. Phys. 29, 377-397 (1957)] has two practical advantages over the traditional methods of "lattice approximations;" there is no ordering problem, and classical symmetries are manifestly preserved at the quantum level. Applying the spectral theorem for unbounded self-adjoint operators, we provide a rigorous proof of the convergence of certain path integrals on Riemann surfaces of constant curvature -1. The Pauli-DeWitt curvature correction term arises, as in DeWitt's work. Introducing a Fuchsian group Γ of the first kind, and a continuous, bounded, Γ-automorphic potential V, we obtain a Feynman-Kac formula for the automorphic Schrödinger equation on the Riemann surface ΓH. We analyze the Wick rotation and prove the strong convergence of the so-called Feynman maps [K. D. Elworthy, Path Integration on Manifolds, Mathematical Aspects of Superspace, edited by Seifert, Clarke, and Rosenblum (Reidel, Boston, 1983), pp. 47-90] on a dense set of states. Finally, we give a new proof of some results in C. Grosche and F. Steiner, "The path integral on the Poincare upper half plane and for Liouville quantum mechanics," Phys. Lett. A 123, 319-328 (1987).

PREFACE: Preface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2011-10-01

The bi-annual Meeting of the Spanish Neutron Scattering Association, V RSETN, took place in Gijón (Asturias), Spain, from 28-30 June 2010, at the Hotel Silken 'Ciudad Gijón', close to the beautiful Cantabric seashore. It was the fifth in a series of successful scientific meetings, beginning in 2002 (Donostia - San Sebastián), and followed by conferences in: Puerto de la Cruz (Canary Islands, 2004), Jaca (Pyrenees, 2006) and Sant Feliú de Guixols (Costa Brava, 2008). Vicente Gotor, Rector of the University of Oviedo and Paz Fernández Felgueroso, Mayor of the city of Gijón chaired the opening ceremony. The conference covered a broad range of topics related to the use of neutron scattering techniques, from soft matter and biosciences to magnetism, condensed matter and materials applications. In addition to those topics, Spanish scientists working at neutron facilities talked about the recent upgrades of the neutron instruments. Colin Carlile (ESS, Lund), F J Bermejo (ESS, Bilbao) and Michael Steiner (Chairman of the European Neutron Scattering Association, ENSA) gave their personal views concerning the present and future perspectives of neutron scattering in Europe. They reviewed the situation of the running and new neutron facilities (European Spalation Source, ESS), the increase in the number of users and the spread of the scientific topics in which neutron scattering is used or where the impact of ESS will be most significant. Wonderful Plenary talks by Albert Furrer, Juan Manuel Pérez-Mato and José Antonio Alonso opened the scientific sessions of this three-day meeting. The V RSETN was organized by the Department of Physics of The University of Oviedo in cooperation with the Spanish Society for Neutron Techniques (SETN, 'Sociedad Española de Técnicas Neutrónicas'). The meeting attracted around 80 participants, including 13 invited talks, 23 oral presentations and more than 30 posters, both domestic and from abroad. The three best oral presentations by young Spanish scientists (Imanol de Pedro, Gerardo Garcés and Clara Rodriguez) were awarded with a copy of the book 'Neutron Scattering in Condensed Matter Physics' by A Furrer, J Mesot and Th Strassle, provided by Albert Furrer. The success of the V RSETN was due to the efforts of many colleagues involved at all stages of the meeting. We take the opportunity to thank the Scientific Committee, the local organizing committee, the chairs of the conference sessions as well as all the reviewers who agreed generously to spend much time for our community. We would like also to emphasize the excellent scientific quality of all the presentations, and we would like to thank the support received from the sponsors (Gijon City Council, University of Oviedo, Tekniker, Cajastur, FICYT, MICINN), which was really important for the successful organization of the conference. Finally, we are convinced that the readers will enjoy these 26 scientific contributions published in the present volume, which give an overview of the science currently done by Spanish scientist using neutron scattering techniques. It is worth noting that the Spanish Neutron Scattering Community has experienced major growth during the last two decades, and now more than 200 active researchers belong to it. Pedro Gorria Jesús A Blanco Conference Chairs Conference photograph Chairpersons Pedro Gorria and Jesús A Blanco (Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Spain) Scientific Committee Arantxa Arbe (San Sebastián), Javier Campo (Zaragoza), Gabriel Cuello (ILL, France), Luis Fernández Barquín (Santander), José Luis García Muñoz (Barcelona), Victoria García-Sakai (ISIS, UK), Pedro Gorria (Oviedo), Jon Gutiérrez (Bilbao) Editors of the Proceedings Pedro Gorria and Jesús A Blanco Plenary speakers Albert Furrer (Wien) J M Pérez-Mato (Bilbao) José Antonio Alonso (Madrid) Invited speakers A Fernández-Martínez (Berkeley) V Recarte (Pamplona) V Carlile (ESS, Lund) M A González (ILL, Grenoble) V García-Sakai (ISIS, UK) L C Pardo (Barcelona) M Steiner (Chair of ENSA) M Rotter (Wien) F J Bermejo (ESS, Bilbao) E López-Cabarcos (Madrid) R Lund (San Sebastián) R Granada (Bariloche) A Sanz (Madrid)

Error response test system and method using test mask variable

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gender, Thomas K. (Inventor)

2006-01-01

An error response test system and method with increased functionality and improved performance is provided. The error response test system provides the ability to inject errors into the application under test to test the error response of the application under test in an automated and efficient manner. The error response system injects errors into the application through a test mask variable. The test mask variable is added to the application under test. During normal operation, the test mask variable is set to allow the application under test to operate normally. During testing, the error response test system can change the test mask variable to introduce an error into the application under test. The error response system can then monitor the application under test to determine whether the application has the correct response to the error.

Connectivity Restoration in Wireless Sensor Networks via Space Network Coding.

PubMed

Uwitonze, Alfred; Huang, Jiaqing; Ye, Yuanqing; Cheng, Wenqing

2017-04-20

The problem of finding the number and optimal positions of relay nodes for restoring the network connectivity in partitioned Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) and thus heuristic methods are preferred to solve it. This paper proposes a novel polynomial time heuristic algorithm, namely, Relay Placement using Space Network Coding (RPSNC), to solve this problem, where Space Network Coding, also called Space Information Flow (SIF), is a new research paradigm that studies network coding in Euclidean space, in which extra relay nodes can be introduced to reduce the cost of communication. Unlike contemporary schemes that are often based on Minimum Spanning Tree (MST), Euclidean Steiner Minimal Tree (ESMT) or a combination of MST with ESMT, RPSNC is a new min-cost multicast space network coding approach that combines Delaunay triangulation and non-uniform partitioning techniques for generating a number of candidate relay nodes, and then linear programming is applied for choosing the optimal relay nodes and computing their connection links with terminals. Subsequently, an equilibrium method is used to refine the locations of the optimal relay nodes, by moving them to balanced positions. RPSNC can adapt to any density distribution of relay nodes and terminals, as well as any density distribution of terminals. The performance and complexity of RPSNC are analyzed and its performance is validated through simulation experiments.

Spatio-temporal clustering and density estimation of lightning data for the tracking of convective events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strauss, Cesar; Rosa, Marcelo Barbio; Stephany, Stephan

2013-12-01

Convective cells are cloud formations whose growth, maturation and dissipation are of great interest among meteorologists since they are associated with severe storms with large precipitation structures. Some works suggest a strong correlation between lightning occurrence and convective cells. The current work proposes a new approach to analyze the correlation between precipitation and lightning, and to identify electrically active cells. Such cells may be employed for tracking convective events in the absence of weather radar coverage. This approach employs a new spatio-temporal clustering technique based on a temporal sliding-window and a standard kernel density estimation to process lightning data. Clustering allows the identification of the cells from lightning data and density estimation bounds the contours of the cells. The proposed approach was evaluated for two convective events in Southeast Brazil. Image segmentation of radar data was performed to identify convective precipitation structures using the Steiner criteria. These structures were then compared and correlated to the electrically active cells in particular instants of time for both events. It was observed that most precipitation structures have associated cells, by comparing the ground tracks of their centroids. In addition, for one particular cell of each event, its temporal evolution was compared to that of the associated precipitation structure. Results show that the proposed approach may improve the use of lightning data for tracking convective events in countries that lack weather radar coverage.

Mobility based multicast routing in wireless mesh networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jain, Sanjeev; Tripathi, Vijay S.; Tiwari, Sudarshan

2013-01-01

There exist two fundamental approaches to multicast routing namely minimum cost trees and shortest path trees. The (MCT's) minimum cost tree is one which connects receiver and sources by providing a minimum number of transmissions (MNTs) the MNTs approach is generally used for energy constraint sensor and mobile ad hoc networks. In this paper we have considered node mobility and try to find out simulation based comparison of the (SPT's) shortest path tree, (MST's) minimum steiner trees and minimum number of transmission trees in wireless mesh networks by using the performance metrics like as an end to end delay, average jitter, throughput and packet delivery ratio, average unicast packet delivery ratio, etc. We have also evaluated multicast performance in the small and large wireless mesh networks. In case of multicast performance in the small networks we have found that when the traffic load is moderate or high the SPTs outperform the MSTs and MNTs in all cases. The SPTs have lowest end to end delay and average jitter in almost all cases. In case of multicast performance in the large network we have seen that the MSTs provide minimum total edge cost and minimum number of transmissions. We have also found that the one drawback of SPTs, when the group size is large and rate of multicast sending is high SPTs causes more packet losses to other flows as MCTs.

Fathers' and Mothers' Verbal Responsiveness and the Language Skills of Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

PubMed

Flippin, Michelle; Watson, Linda R

2015-08-01

In this observational study, we examined the interactions of 16 young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents to investigate (a) differences in verbal responsiveness used by fathers and mothers in interactions with their children with ASD and (b) concurrent associations between the language skills of children with ASD and the verbal responsiveness of both fathers and mothers. Parent verbal responsiveness was coded from video recordings of naturalistic parent-child play sessions using interval-based coding. Child language skills were measured by the Preschool Language Scale-Fourth Edition (Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002). For both fathers and mothers, parent verbal responsiveness was positively associated with child language skills. Mothers' responsiveness was also significantly associated with child cognition. After controlling for child cognition, fathers' verbal responsiveness continued to be significantly related to child language skills. Although other studies have documented associations between mothers' responsiveness and child language, this is the 1st study to document a significant concurrent association between child language skills of children with ASD and the verbal responsiveness of fathers. Findings of this study warrant the inclusion of fathers in future research on language development and intervention to better understand the potential contributions fathers may make to language growth for children with ASD over time as well as to determine whether coaching fathers to use responsive verbal strategies can improve language outcomes for children with ASD.

An Adaptive Data Gathering Scheme for Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Compressed Sensing and Network Coding.

PubMed

Yin, Jun; Yang, Yuwang; Wang, Lei

2016-04-01

Joint design of compressed sensing (CS) and network coding (NC) has been demonstrated to provide a new data gathering paradigm for multi-hop wireless sensor networks (WSNs). By exploiting the correlation of the network sensed data, a variety of data gathering schemes based on NC and CS (Compressed Data Gathering--CDG) have been proposed. However, these schemes assume that the sparsity of the network sensed data is constant and the value of the sparsity is known before starting each data gathering epoch, thus they ignore the variation of the data observed by the WSNs which are deployed in practical circumstances. In this paper, we present a complete design of the feedback CDG scheme where the sink node adaptively queries those interested nodes to acquire an appropriate number of measurements. The adaptive measurement-formation procedure and its termination rules are proposed and analyzed in detail. Moreover, in order to minimize the number of overall transmissions in the formation procedure of each measurement, we have developed a NP-complete model (Maximum Leaf Nodes Minimum Steiner Nodes--MLMS) and realized a scalable greedy algorithm to solve the problem. Experimental results show that the proposed measurement-formation method outperforms previous schemes, and experiments on both datasets from ocean temperature and practical network deployment also prove the effectiveness of our proposed feedback CDG scheme.

The enigmatic WR46: A binary or a pulsator in disguise. II. The spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Veen, P. M.; van Genderen, A. M.; Crowther, P. A.; van der Hucht, K. A.

2002-04-01

We present spectroscopic monitoring of the Wolf-Rayet (WR) star WR 46 between 1989 and 1998, which has been obtained simultaneously with multicolour photometry (Veen et al. \\cite{Veen02a}, Paper I). The spectroscopic monitoring data show that the radiative fluxes of the optical emission lines (O Vi 3811/34, O Vi 5290, N V 4944, N V 4604/20, He Ii 4686, He Ii 4859, He Ii 5411, He Ii 6560) vary in concert with the photometric single-wave (sw) frequency f_sw (Paper I), and also the difference of that period between 1989 and 1991. The line-flux variability does not provide obvious support for a short second period (Paper I). The radial-velocity variations show a remarkable behaviour: usually, they display a coherent single-wave on the time scale of the double-wave period, while during some nights the radial velocity appears surprisingly to stay constant (see also Marchenko et al. \\cite{Marchenko00}). These so-called stand-stills may be related to the observed time-delay effects. A time-delay effect manifests itself in several phenomena. Firstly, the line flux shows small, but persistent, time-delays for lines originating from lower optical depths, the outer-wind lines (N V 4604/20 and He Ii). Secondly, the radial-velocity variations display much larger time-delays than the line fluxes and their behaviour appears less consistent. Assuming that the double-wave period controls the radial velocity, the stand-still is observed to start when the radial motion is in anti-phase with the presumed orbital motion. Thirdly, the outer-wind lines are observed to enter a stand-still much later than the inner-wind lines. Fourthly, the radial-velocity variations of the peaks of the emission lines precede the radial-velocity variations of the wings of those lines. In addition to line-flux- and radial-velocity variability, the He Ii 4686 emission line shows pronounced line-profile changes on a time scale of hours. Our monitoring is not sufficient to study this in detail. Furthermore, we discern a flaring behaviour, i.e., an emission bump appeared on the blue wing of two He Ii-lines (around -1700 km s-1) lasting less than 5 min. Finally, the line fluxes follow the observed brightenings, also on a time scale of years. We conclude that the short-term cyclic variability confirms the WR nature as established from the WR standard model analysis by Crowther et al. (\\cite{Crowther95}; hereafter referred to as CSH). The various time-delay effects are consistent with the formation of the spectrum in a stratified stellar wind. The outer layers trail the inner ones. The variability is inconsistent with the formation of the spectrum in a stellar disc as proposed by Niemela et al. (\\cite{Niemela95}) and Steiner & Diaz (\\cite{Steiner98}). The long-term cyclic variability of the brightness and line fluxes is related to an increase of the mass-loss-rate, and, possibly, to the period changes. The interpretation of the nature of the variability is deferred to Veen et al. (\\cite{Veen02b}, Paper III). Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile.

10 CFR 707.8 - Applicant drug testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Applicant drug testing. 707.8 Section 707.8 Energy... testing. An applicant for a testing designated position will be tested for the use of illegal drugs before... contractors from conducting drug testing on applicants for employment in any position. ...

10 CFR 707.8 - Applicant drug testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Applicant drug testing. 707.8 Section 707.8 Energy... testing. An applicant for a testing designated position will be tested for the use of illegal drugs before... contractors from conducting drug testing on applicants for employment in any position. ...

47 CFR 5.55 - Filing of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... applicants shall comply with the requirements in subpart E of this part; Medical Testing license applicants shall comply with the requirements in subpart F of this part; and Compliance Testing license applicants..., and compliance testing experimental radio license applications: (1) Applications for radio station...

47 CFR 5.55 - Filing of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... applicants shall comply with the requirements in subpart E of this part; Medical Testing license applicants shall comply with the requirements in subpart F of this part; and Compliance Testing license applicants..., and compliance testing experimental radio license applications: (1) Applications for radio station...

10 CFR 707.8 - Applicant drug testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Applicant drug testing. 707.8 Section 707.8 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.8 Applicant drug testing. An applicant for a testing designated position will be tested for the use of illegal drugs before...

10 CFR 707.8 - Applicant drug testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Applicant drug testing. 707.8 Section 707.8 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.8 Applicant drug testing. An applicant for a testing designated position will be tested for the use of illegal drugs before...

10 CFR 707.8 - Applicant drug testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicant drug testing. 707.8 Section 707.8 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.8 Applicant drug testing. An applicant for a testing designated position will be tested for the use of illegal drugs before...

On Time/Space Aggregation of Fine-Scale Error Estimates (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huffman, G. J.

2013-12-01

Estimating errors inherent in fine time/space-scale satellite precipitation data sets is still an on-going problem and a key area of active research. Complicating features of these data sets include the intrinsic intermittency of the precipitation in space and time and the resulting highly skewed distribution of precipitation rates. Additional issues arise from the subsampling errors that satellites introduce, the errors due to retrieval algorithms, and the correlated error that retrieval and merger algorithms sometimes introduce. Several interesting approaches have been developed recently that appear to make progress on these long-standing issues. At the same time, the monthly averages over 2.5°x2.5° grid boxes in the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Satellite-Gauge (SG) precipitation data set follow a very simple sampling-based error model (Huffman 1997) with coefficients that are set using coincident surface and GPCP SG data. This presentation outlines the unsolved problem of how to aggregate the fine-scale errors (discussed above) to an arbitrary time/space averaging volume for practical use in applications, reducing in the limit to simple Gaussian expressions at the monthly 2.5°x2.5° scale. Scatter diagrams with different time/space averaging show that the relationship between the satellite and validation data improves due to the reduction in random error. One of the key, and highly non-linear, issues is that fine-scale estimates tend to have large numbers of cases with points near the axes on the scatter diagram (one of the values is exactly or nearly zero, while the other value is higher). Averaging 'pulls' the points away from the axes and towards the 1:1 line, which usually happens for higher precipitation rates before lower rates. Given this qualitative observation of how aggregation affects error, we observe that existing aggregation rules, such as the Steiner et al. (2003) power law, only depend on the aggregated precipitation rate. Is this sufficient, or is it necessary to aggregate the precipitation error estimates across the time/space data cube used for averaging? At least for small time/space data cubes it would seem that the detailed variables that affect each precipitation error estimate in the aggregation, such as sensor type, land/ocean surface type, convective/stratiform type, and so on, drive variations that must be accounted for explicitly.

Preliminary survey for entomopathogenic fungi associated with Ixodes scapularis>/i> (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern New York and New England, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zhioua, Elyes; Ginsberg, Howard S.; Humber, Richard A.; LeBrun, Roger A.

1999-01-01

Free-living larval, nymphal, and adult Ixodes scapularis Say were collected from scattered locales in southern New England and New York to determine infection rates with entomopathogenic fungi. Infection rates of larvae, nymphs, males, and females were 0% (571), 0% (272), 0% (57), and 4.3% (47), respectively. Two entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from field-collected I. scapularis females from Fire Island, NY. Isolates were identified as Verticillium lecanii (Zimmermann) Viegas and Verticillium sp. (a member of the Verticillium lecanii species complex).Ixodes scapularis Say is the principal vector of Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Brenner (Burgdorfer et al. 1982, Johnson et al. 1984), the etiologic agent of Lyme disease in the northeastern and upper-midwestern United States. Control of I. scapularis is based on chemical treatment (Mather et al. 1987b; Schulze et al. 1987, 1991), environmental management (Wilson et al. 1988, Schulze et al. 1995), and habitat modification (Wilson 1986). These methods have shown variable success, and some potentially have negative environmental effects (Wilson and Deblinger 1993, Ginsberg 1994).Studies concerning natural predators, parasitoids, and pathogens of I. scapularis are rare. The use of ground-dwelling birds as tick predators has had only limited success (Duffy et al. 1992). Nymphal I. scapularis are often infected with the parasitic wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri (Howard) (Mather et al. 1987a, Hu et al. 1993, Stafford et al. 1996, Hu and Hyland 1997), but this wasp does not effectively control I. scapularis populations (Stafford et al. 1996). The entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) and S. glaseri (Steiner) are pathogenic only to engorged female I. scapularis, and thus have limited applicability (Zhioua et al. 1995). In contrast, the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin is highly pathogenic to all stages of I. scapularis, unfed as well as engorged, and thus has considerable potential as a microbial control agent (Zhioua et al. 1997).European studies have suggested that entomopathogenic fungi might serve as natural controls of of Ixodes ricinus L. populations (Samsinakova et al. 1974, Eilenberg et al. 1991, Kalsbeek et al. 1995). In the current study, we describe the isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from field-collected I. scapularis.

The Confluence of Perceiving and Thinking in Consciousness Phenomenology

PubMed Central

Wagemann, Johannes

2018-01-01

The processual relation of thinking and perceiving shall be examined from a historical perspective as well as on the basis of methodically conducted first-person observation. Historically, these two psychological aspects of human knowledge and corresponding philosophical positions have predominant alternating phases. At certain historical points, thinking and perceiving tend to converge, while in the interim phases they seem to diverge with an emphasis on one of them. While at the birth of modern science, for instance, these two forms of mental life were deeply interlinked, today they seem to be separated more than ever before – as a number of scientific crises have shown. Turning from the outer to the inner aspect of this issue, a phenomenological view becomes relevant. In terms of the consciousness phenomenology developed by Steiner (1861–1925) and Witzenmann’s (1905–1988) Structure Phenomenology, this article will show how a methodical integration of thinking and perceiving can be carried out on the basis of first-person observation. In the course of a skilled introspective or meditative self-observation the individual’s own mental micro-actions of separating and integrating come into view, jointly constituting what we usually call thinking and perceiving. Consequently, this approach includes a conceptual as well as a perceptual dimension the experimental confluence of which ties in with the methodological core principle of modern natural science. At the same time, making this principle explicit may open the way to a further development of human consciousness and its scientific delineation. PMID:29375432

Exact and heuristic algorithms for Space Information Flow.

PubMed

Uwitonze, Alfred; Huang, Jiaqing; Ye, Yuanqing; Cheng, Wenqing; Li, Zongpeng

2018-01-01

Space Information Flow (SIF) is a new promising research area that studies network coding in geometric space, such as Euclidean space. The design of algorithms that compute the optimal SIF solutions remains one of the key open problems in SIF. This work proposes the first exact SIF algorithm and a heuristic SIF algorithm that compute min-cost multicast network coding for N (N ≥ 3) given terminal nodes in 2-D Euclidean space. Furthermore, we find that the Butterfly network in Euclidean space is the second example besides the Pentagram network where SIF is strictly better than Euclidean Steiner minimal tree. The exact algorithm design is based on two key techniques: Delaunay triangulation and linear programming. Delaunay triangulation technique helps to find practically good candidate relay nodes, after which a min-cost multicast linear programming model is solved over the terminal nodes and the candidate relay nodes, to compute the optimal multicast network topology, including the optimal relay nodes selected by linear programming from all the candidate relay nodes and the flow rates on the connection links. The heuristic algorithm design is also based on Delaunay triangulation and linear programming techniques. The exact algorithm can achieve the optimal SIF solution with an exponential computational complexity, while the heuristic algorithm can achieve the sub-optimal SIF solution with a polynomial computational complexity. We prove the correctness of the exact SIF algorithm. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the heuristic SIF algorithm.

Stochastic behaviour of tropical convection in observations and a multicloud model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peters, K.; Jakob, C.; Davies, L.; Kumar, V.; Khouider, B.; Majda, A.

2012-12-01

The feasibility of using a stochastic multicloud model (SMCM, Khouider et al. (2010)) to represent observed tropical convection over a northern Australia coastal site is investigated. In the SMCM, area fractions of three cloud types associated with tropical convection (congestus, deep convection and stratiform) are derived employing a coarse grained birth-death process which is evolved in time using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Here, we force the SMCM with an observed large-scale atmospheric state to assess the feasibility of applying the model's underlying design concept to simulate observed tropical convection. The observational dataset we use here represents the best estimate of the atmospheric state for a 190x190 km2 area centered over Darwin, Australia (Jakob et al., 2011). Cloud area fractions are derived from CPOL radar following Steiner et al. (1995). We use different combinations of predictors derived from the observations (e.g. CAPE, low-level CAPE, moisture convergence, mid-tropospheric relative humidity) to obtain the evolution of the cloud ensemble as simulated by the SMCM. We find that the diagnostic performance of the SMCM depends strongly on the predictor choice and that it performs remarkably well when initiation and maintenance of convection are prescribed to depend on measures related to changes in low-level moisture. This is an encouraging result on the road towards a novel convection parameterization, aimed at overcoming the difficulties of current deterministic convection parameterizations in representing the high variability in simulated tropical convection.

Mass and Radius Constraints Using Magnetar Giant Flare Oscillations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deibel, Alex T.; Steiner, A. W.; Brown, E. F.

2013-04-01

We extend the study of oscillating neutron stars to include observed magnetic field strengths. The strong magnetic field will alter the equilibrium composition of the outer neutron star crust. We construct a new neutron star crust model which predicts nuclear masses with an accuracy very close to that of the Finite Range Droplet Model. The mass model for equilibrium nuclei also includes recent developments in the nuclear physics, in particular, shell corrections and an updated neutron-drip line. We perturb our crust model to predict axial crust modes and assign them to observed giant flare quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequencies from SGR 1806-20. The QPOs associated with the fundamental and harmonic crust modes can be used to constrain magnetar masses and radii. We use these modes and the phenomenological equations of state from Steiner et al. to find a magnetar crust which reproduces observations of SGR 1806-20. We find magnetar crusts which match observations for various magnetic field strengths and values of entrainment of the free neutron gas in the inner crust. For a crust without a magnetic field we obtain the approximate values of M = 1.35 Msun and R = 11.85 km. For a magnetized crust with the surface dipole field of SGR 1806-20 we obtain the approximate values of M = 1.25 Msun and R = 12.41 km. If there is less entrainment of the free neutron gas the magnetar requires a larger mass and radius to reproduce observations.

Fathers' and Mothers' Verbal Responsiveness and the Language Skills of Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

PubMed Central

Watson, Linda R.

2015-01-01

Purpose In this observational study, we examined the interactions of 16 young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents to investigate (a) differences in verbal responsiveness used by fathers and mothers in interactions with their children with ASD and (b) concurrent associations between the language skills of children with ASD and the verbal responsiveness of both fathers and mothers. Method Parent verbal responsiveness was coded from video recordings of naturalistic parent–child play sessions using interval-based coding. Child language skills were measured by the Preschool Language Scale–Fourth Edition (Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002). Results For both fathers and mothers, parent verbal responsiveness was positively associated with child language skills. Mothers' responsiveness was also significantly associated with child cognition. After controlling for child cognition, fathers' verbal responsiveness continued to be significantly related to child language skills. Conclusions Although other studies have documented associations between mothers' responsiveness and child language, this is the 1st study to document a significant concurrent association between child language skills of children with ASD and the verbal responsiveness of fathers. Findings of this study warrant the inclusion of fathers in future research on language development and intervention to better understand the potential contributions fathers may make to language growth for children with ASD over time as well as to determine whether coaching fathers to use responsive verbal strategies can improve language outcomes for children with ASD. PMID:25836377

[Growth and photochemical efficiency of photosystem ii in seedlings of two varieties of Capsicum annuum L. inoculated with rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi].

PubMed

Angulo-Castro, Azareel; Ferrera-Cerrato, Ronald; Alarcón, Alejandro; Almaraz-Suárez, Juan José; Delgadillo-Martínez, Julián; Jiménez-Fernández, Maribel; García-Barradas, Oscar

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a biological alternative for the sustainable management of Capsicum annuum L. This research work evaluated the effects of both PGPR and AMF on bell pepper and jalapeno pepper plants. Five bacterial strains isolated from several locations in Estado de Mexico were used: [P61 (Pseudomonas tolaasii), A46 (P. tolaasii), R44 (Bacillus pumilus), BSP1.1 (Paenibacillus sp.), and OLs-Sf5 (Pseudomonas sp.)], and three treatments with AMF [H1 (consortium isolated from pepper crops in the State of Puebla), H2 (Rhizophagus intraradices), and H3 (consortium isolated from the rhizosphere of lemon trees, State of Tabasco)]. In addition, a fertilized treatment (Steiner nutrient solution at 25%) and an unfertilized control were included. Seedlings of "Caloro" jalapeno pepper and "California Wonder" bell pepper were inoculated with AMF at seed sowing, and PGPR were inoculated after 15 days of seedling emergence; seedlings were grown under plant growth chamber conditions. P61 bacterium and H1 AMF consortia were the most effective microorganisms for jalapeno pepper whereas R44 bacterium and AMF H3 and H1 were the most effective for bell peppers, when compared to the unfertilized control. Furthermore, P61 and R44 bacteria showed beneficial effects on PSII efficiency. Copyright © 2017 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Integrated systems biology analysis of KSHV latent infection reveals viral induction and reliance on peroxisome mediated lipid metabolism

PubMed Central

Sychev, Zoi E.; Hu, Alex; Lagunoff, Michael

2017-01-01

Kaposi’s Sarcoma associated Herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic, human gamma-herpesvirus, is the etiological agent of Kaposi’s Sarcoma the most common tumor of AIDS patients world-wide. KSHV is predominantly latent in the main KS tumor cell, the spindle cell, a cell of endothelial origin. KSHV modulates numerous host cell-signaling pathways to activate endothelial cells including major metabolic pathways involved in lipid metabolism. To identify the underlying cellular mechanisms of KSHV alteration of host signaling and endothelial cell activation, we identified changes in the host proteome, phosphoproteome and transcriptome landscape following KSHV infection of endothelial cells. A Steiner forest algorithm was used to integrate the global data sets and, together with transcriptome based predicted transcription factor activity, cellular networks altered by latent KSHV were predicted. Several interesting pathways were identified, including peroxisome biogenesis. To validate the predictions, we showed that KSHV latent infection increases the number of peroxisomes per cell. Additionally, proteins involved in peroxisomal lipid metabolism of very long chain fatty acids, including ABCD3 and ACOX1, are required for the survival of latently infected cells. In summary, novel cellular pathways altered during herpesvirus latency that could not be predicted by a single systems biology platform, were identified by integrated proteomics and transcriptomics data analysis and when correlated with our metabolomics data revealed that peroxisome lipid metabolism is essential for KSHV latent infection of endothelial cells. PMID:28257516

Expression of p53, Bcl-2, VEGF, Ki67 and PCNA and prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Stroescu, Cezar; Dragnea, Adrian; Ivanov, Bogdan; Pechianu, Catalin; Herlea, Vlad; Sgarbura, Olivia; Popescu, Andra; Popescu, Irinel

2008-12-01

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors that carry a poor prognosis. To improve the long-term outlook for HCC, an accurate prognosis is important. To study the immunohistochemical expressions of p53, Ki67, Bcl-2, VEGF and PCNA and their potential role as prognostic factors in patients with radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Forty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from patients with HCC receiving liver resection were investigated immunohistochemically for the expression of cellular proliferation markers PCNA, Ki67, p53, Bcl-2 and VEGF and their correlation with tumor characteristics and survival time after resection. p53 was expressed in a higher percentage (85.7 vs. 42.1%) in undifferentiated histological tumor grades (Edmondson Steiner G3/G4 vs. G1/G2). Patients with p53 accumulating tumors showed a worse survival than patients with p53 non-accumulating tumors (median 9.5 vs. 16.5 months). Over-expression of VEGF was found in 38.3% of all HCCs. VEGF expression was significantly correlated with p53 expression and recurrence rates. The results showed that the labeling index of PCNA and expression of p53 are correlated. The high labeling index of PCNA or over-expression of p53 resulted in high risk of tumor recurrence, more aggressive growth and poor survival. High labeling index of PCNA, p53 nuclear accumulation and VEGF high expression are associated with poor survival in patients with HCC.

Reconstruction of the temporal signaling network in Salmonella-infected human cells.

PubMed

Budak, Gungor; Eren Ozsoy, Oyku; Aydin Son, Yesim; Can, Tolga; Tuncbag, Nurcan

2015-01-01

Salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen that usually infects its host through food sources. Translocation of the pathogen proteins into the host cells leads to changes in the signaling mechanism either by activating or inhibiting the host proteins. Given that the bacterial infection modifies the response network of the host, a more coherent view of the underlying biological processes and the signaling networks can be obtained by using a network modeling approach based on the reverse engineering principles. In this work, we have used a published temporal phosphoproteomic dataset of Salmonella-infected human cells and reconstructed the temporal signaling network of the human host by integrating the interactome and the phosphoproteomic dataset. We have combined two well-established network modeling frameworks, the Prize-collecting Steiner Forest (PCSF) approach and the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) based edge inference approach. The resulting network conserves the information on temporality, direction of interactions, while revealing hidden entities in the signaling, such as the SNARE binding, mTOR signaling, immune response, cytoskeleton organization, and apoptosis pathways. Targets of the Salmonella effectors in the host cells such as CDC42, RHOA, 14-3-3δ, Syntaxin family, Oxysterol-binding proteins were included in the reconstructed signaling network although they were not present in the initial phosphoproteomic data. We believe that integrated approaches, such as the one presented here, have a high potential for the identification of clinical targets in infectious diseases, especially in the Salmonella infections.

76 FR 9777 - Recent Postings of Broadly Applicable Alternative Test Methods

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-22

... Applicable Alternative Test Methods AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of availability. SUMMARY: This notice announces the broadly applicable alternative test method approval decisions... technical questions about individual alternative test method decisions, refer to the contact person...

Optical Measurement Techniques for Rocket Engine Testing and Component Applications: Digital Image Correlation and Dynamic Photogrammetry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gradl, Paul

2016-01-01

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has been advancing dynamic optical measurement systems, primarily Digital Image Correlation, for extreme environment rocket engine test applications. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology is used to track local and full field deformations, displacement vectors and local and global strain measurements. This technology has been evaluated at MSFC through lab testing to full scale hotfire engine testing of the J-2X Upper Stage engine at Stennis Space Center. It has been shown to provide reliable measurement data and has replaced many traditional measurement techniques for NASA applications. NASA and AMRDEC have recently signed agreements for NASA to train and transition the technology to applications for missile and helicopter testing. This presentation will provide an overview and progression of the technology, various testing applications at NASA MSFC, overview of Army-NASA test collaborations and application lessons learned about Digital Image Correlation.

Status of the ERDA/NASA photovoltaic tests and applications project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deyo, J. N.; Brandhorst, H. W., Jr.; Forestieri, A. F.

1976-01-01

The Tests and Applications Project of the ERDA Photovoltaic Program is concerned with the testing of photovoltaic systems and the growth of their use in real terrestrial applications. This activity is an important complement to the development of low cost solar arrays by providing requirements based on application needs and stimulating markets to create demand to absorb increasing production capacity. A photovoltaic system test facility is now operational, market stimulation has been initiated through applications, and standards for terrestrial cell measurements established.

Design, Construction and Test of a Supercapacitor Bank for Space Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buergler, Brandon; Simon, Evelyne; Vasina, Petr; Latif, David; Diblik, Lukas; Gineste, Valery; Simcak, Marek

2014-08-01

Electrochemical double layer capacitors also referred to as supercapacitors offer a wide range of applications for space flight. The aim of this activity was to evaluate commercial off-the-shelf supercapacitors from different manufacturers in terms of suitability for space applications. Characterisation tests, environmental tests, life tests and abuse tests were carried out. In a second step, a bank of supercapacitors was designed, constructed and subsequentially tested in similar conditions as the individual cells. Based on the results of this work, the application of supercapacitors in future spacecrafts looks promising. The impact of supercapacitors application on system level shall be discussed and a roadmap towards further development activities shall also be outlined.

77 FR 8865 - Recent Postings of Broadly Applicable Alternative Test Methods

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-15

... Applicable Alternative Test Methods AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of availability. SUMMARY: This notice announces the broadly applicable alternative test method approval decisions... INFORMATION CONTACT: An electronic copy of each alternative test method approval document is available on the...

75 FR 7593 - Recent Postings of Broadly Applicable Alternative Test Methods

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-22

... Applicable Alternative Test Methods AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of availability. SUMMARY: This notice announces the broadly applicable alternative test method approval decisions... electronic copy of each alternative test method approval document is available on EPA's Web site at http...

78 FR 11174 - Recent Postings of Broadly Applicable Alternative Test Methods

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-15

... Applicable Alternative Test Methods AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of availability. SUMMARY: This notice announces the broadly applicable alternative test method approval decisions... INFORMATION CONTACT: An electronic copy of each alternative test method approval document is available on the...

The application test system: An approach to technology transfer. [USDA aerospace and remote sensing information requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aaronson, A. C.; Buelow, K.; David, F. C.; Packard, R. L.; Ravet, F. W. (Principal Investigator)

1979-01-01

The latest satellite and computer processing and analysis technologies were tested and evaluated in terms of their application feasibility. Technologies evaluated include those developed, tested, and evaluated by the LACIE, as well as candidate technologies developed by the research community and private industry. The implementation of the applications test system and the technology transfer experience between the LACIE and the applications test system is discussed highlighting the approach, the achievements, and the shortcomings.

76 FR 67557 - Proposed Information Collection (Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-01

... (Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test Fees) Activity: Comment Request AGENCY... information needed to determine an applicant's eligibility for reimbursement of licensing and certification.... Title: Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test Fees, (38 U.S.C. chapters 30, 32...

78 FR 19691 - Applications for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-02

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Applications for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program... Information Advanced Placement Test Fee Program. Notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year... Program: The AP Test Fee program awards grants to eligible State educational agencies (SEAs) to enable...

77 FR 8848 - Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-15

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program... Information: Advanced Placement Test Fee Program. Notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year... Description Purpose of Program: The AP Test Fee program awards grants to eligible State educational agencies...

78 FR 46423 - Proposed Information Collection (Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee) Activity...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-31

... (Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee) Activity; Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans Benefits.... Title: Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee, VA Form 22-0810. OMB Control Number: 2900..., and eligible dependents complete VA Form 22-0810 to request reimbursement of national test fees. VA...

75 FR 62187 - Proposed Information Collection (Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee) Activity...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-07

... (Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee) Activity: Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans Benefits.... Title: Application for Reimbursement of National Test Fee, VA Form 22-0810. OMB Control Number: 2900..., and eligible dependents complete VA Form 22-0810 to request reimbursement of national test fees. VA...

8 CFR 312.3 - Standardized citizenship testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... application, a standardized citizenship test given by an entity authorized by the Service to conduct such a... accordance with § 312.1(c)(1). An applicant who passes a standardized citizenship test may submit evidence of...) An applicant who passes a standardized citizenship test as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this...

8 CFR 312.3 - Standardized citizenship testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... application, a standardized citizenship test given by an entity authorized by the Service to conduct such a... accordance with § 312.1(c)(1). An applicant who passes a standardized citizenship test may submit evidence of...) An applicant who passes a standardized citizenship test as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this...

Milankovitch cyclicity in the paleotropical, fluvial, Late Triassic age strata recovered by the Colorado Plateau Coring Project (CPCP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olsen, P. E.; Mundil, R.; Kent, D.; Rasmussen, C.

2017-12-01

Two questions addressed by the CPCP are: 1) is Milankovitch-paced climate cyclicity recorded in the fluvial Late Triassic age Chinle Formation ( 227-202 Ma); and 2) do geochronological data from the Chinle support the Newark-Hartford astrochronological polarity time scale (1) (APTS). To these ends we examined the upper 157 m (stratigraphic thickness) of Petrified Forest National Park core 1A (Owl Rock, Petrified Forest, and upper Sonsela members), consisting mostly of massive red paleosols and less important fluvial sandstones. A linear age model tied to new U-Pb zircon CA ID-TIMS dates from core 1A, consistent with published data from outcrop (2), yields a duration of about 5 Myr for this interval. Magnetic susceptibility variations, interpreted as reflecting penecontemporaneous soil and sandstone redox conditions, show a clear 12 m cycle corresponding to a 400 kyr cycle based on Fourier analysis in both core and hole. Similar cyclicity is apparent in spectrophotometric data, largely reflecting hematite variability. Weak, higher frequency cycles are present consistent with 100 kyr variability. There is no interpretable 20 kyr signal. Such cyclicity is not an anticipated direct effect of Milankvitch insolation variations, but must reflect non-linear integration of variability that changes dramatically at the eccentricity-scale, brought about by the sedimentary and climate systems. Our results support a direct 405 kyr-level correlation between the fluvial medial Chinle and lacustrine Newark Basin section (middle Passaic Formation), consistent with new and published (3) paleomagnetic polarity stratigraphy from the Chinle, showing that the Milankovitch eccentricity cycles are recorded in lower accumulation rate fluvial systems. Our results also independently support the continuity of the Newark Basin section and corroborate the Newark-Hartford APTS, not allowing for a multi-million year hiatus in the Passaic Formation, as has been asserted (4). We anticipate further testing our hypothesis by integrating additional results from U-Pb zircon geochronology and rock magnetic analyses of core and outcrop of the Chinle Formation. 1 Kent+ 2017 Earth Sci Rev 166:153-180; 2 Ramezani+ 2011 GSA Bull 123:2142-2159; 3 Steiner & Lucas 2000 JGR 105:25,791-25,808; 4 Tanner & Lucas 2015 Stratigraphy 12:47-65.

Smart Sensor Systems for Aerospace Applications: From Sensor Development to Application Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hunter, G. W.; Xu, J. C.; Dungan, L. K.; Ward, B. J.; Rowe, S.; Williams, J.; Makel, D. B.; Liu, C. C.; Chang, C. W.

2008-01-01

The application of Smart Sensor Systems for aerospace applications is a multidisciplinary process consisting of sensor element development, element integration into Smart Sensor hardware, and testing of the resulting sensor systems in application environments. This paper provides a cross-section of these activities for multiple aerospace applications illustrating the technology challenges involved. The development and application testing topics discussed are: 1) The broadening of sensitivity and operational range of silicon carbide (SiC) Schottky gas sensor elements; 2) Integration of fire detection sensor technology into a "Lick and Stick" Smart Sensor hardware platform for Crew Exploration Vehicle applications; 3) Extended testing for zirconia based oxygen sensors in the basic "Lick and Stick" platform for environmental monitoring applications. It is concluded that that both core sensor platform technology and a basic hardware platform can enhance the viability of implementing smart sensor systems in aerospace applications.

7 CFR 3300.19 - Application for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and telephone number of the testing station, and name and title of person in charge of the station. (c... of Testing Stations § 3300.19 Application for approval. An application by an officer of the... the Form, Application for Approval as a U.S. ATP Testing Station, may be obtained by a request to the...

7 CFR 3300.19 - Application for approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and telephone number of the testing station, and name and title of person in charge of the station. (c... of Testing Stations § 3300.19 Application for approval. An application by an officer of the... the Form, Application for Approval as a U.S. ATP Testing Station, may be obtained by a request to the...

40 CFR Appendix A to Part 57 - Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) Application

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the following two tests. (a) Profit Protection Test. The smelter will experience a reduction in pre... NSO Eligibility. An NSO applicant must pass one of the following two tests and complete the... Application 1.2 NSO Financial Tests 1.3 Confidentiality 2. NSO Financial Reporting Overview 2.1 Revenue and...

40 CFR Appendix A to Part 57 - Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) Application

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the following two tests. (a) Profit Protection Test. The smelter will experience a reduction in pre... NSO Eligibility. An NSO applicant must pass one of the following two tests and complete the... Application 1.2 NSO Financial Tests 1.3 Confidentiality 2. NSO Financial Reporting Overview 2.1 Revenue and...

40 CFR Appendix A to Part 57 - Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) Application

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... the following two tests. (a) Profit Protection Test. The smelter will experience a reduction in pre... NSO Eligibility. An NSO applicant must pass one of the following two tests and complete the... Application 1.2 NSO Financial Tests 1.3 Confidentiality 2. NSO Financial Reporting Overview 2.1 Revenue and...

40 CFR Appendix A to Part 57 - Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) Application

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the following two tests. (a) Profit Protection Test. The smelter will experience a reduction in pre... NSO Eligibility. An NSO applicant must pass one of the following two tests and complete the... Application 1.2 NSO Financial Tests 1.3 Confidentiality 2. NSO Financial Reporting Overview 2.1 Revenue and...

Transit bus stop pedestrian warning application : acceptance test plan : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-14

This document is the Acceptance Test Plan for the Transit Bus Stop Pedestrian Warning (TSPW) application. This report describes the test and demonstration plan to verify that the application meets its functional and performance requirements.

Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of Maxillary Anterior Dentition in Cases of Bimaxillary Protrusion: A Morphometric Analysis.

PubMed

Gowd, Snigdha; Shankar, T; Chatterjee, Suravi; Mohanty, Pritam; Sahoo, Nivedita; Baratam, Srinivas

2017-08-01

To investigate the two clinical parameters, such as gingival zenith positions (GZPs) and gingival zenith levels (GZLs), of maxillary anterior dentition in bimaxillary protrusion cases and collate it with severiety of crown inclination. Gingival zenith position and GZL in 40 healthy patients (29 females and 11 males) with an average age of 21.5 years were assessed. Inclusion criteria involved absence of periodontal diseases, Angle's class I molar relationship, and upper anterior proclination within 25 to 45° based on Steiner's analysis; exclusion criteria included spacing, crowding, anterior restoration and teeth with incisor attrition or rotation. The GZP was evaluated using digital calipers from voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and GZL was assessed from the tangent drawn from GZP of central incisor and canines to the linear vertical distance of GZP of lateral incisor. All the central incisors showed a GZP distal to VBM with a mean average of 1 mm. Severe proclination between 40 and 45° showed a statistically significant variation. Lateral incisors displayed a mean of 0.5 mm deviation of GZP from the vertically bisected midline. In 80% of canine population, GZP was centralized. We conclude that the degree of proclination of maxillary anterior dentition was correlated to the gingival contour in bimaxillary cases. The investigation revealed that there is a variation in the location of GZP as the severity of proclination increases. This study highlights the importance of microesthetics in fixed orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour should be unaltered while retraction during management of bimaxillary protrusion.

Philosophy of Science and Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jung, Walter

2012-08-01

This is a vast and vague topic. In order to do justice to it one has to write a book or maybe more than one. For it can be understood in quite different ways and on different levels For example you may think mainly of the historical aspect, that is how philosophy of science developed in the last hundred or so years and how its influence on education changed; you may think of quite different schools of philosophy, from Marxist or positivist to such exotic but at some places influential philosophic positions like that of Rudolph Steiner; of course, you may limit the subject to special fields like epistemology, theory of scientific methodology, or, what has become fashionable recently, sociology of knowledge which may have a considerable bearing on physics teaching (Collins and Shapin 1983; Jung 1985). Again we may think of the topic treated by a philosopher, a scientist, an educationalist, a teacher, which would mean quite a difference. I am trying here to speak as an educationalist, with the physics teacher in mind: this is my vocational perspective as someone who educates physics teachers. Of course, our main concern is the contribution of science, especially physics, to general education, which integrates many of the special topics mentioned. Philosophy of science comes in because it is not at all clear what science and physics is, and what of it should be taught, and how such chosen parts should be taught. I also take this opportunity to give an idea of the longstanding tradition of this discussion in Germany, connected with names like Wagenshein, Litt, Heisenberg and many others.

At the intersection of toxicology, psychiatry, and genetics: a diagnosis of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

PubMed

Sloas, Harold Andrew; Ence, Thomas C; Mendez, Donna R; Cruz, Andrea T

2013-09-01

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is a genetic disorder involving a mutation of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene, located on the short arm of the X chromosome (Xp21.1). This makes the expression of the gene most common in homozygous males, but heterozygous females can also be affected and may be more likely to suffer from serious morbidity. Most males present early in the neonatal period with more devastating outcomes than their female counterparts. Up to 34% will present in the first 30 days of life (J Pediatr 2001;138:S30). Females often have partially functioning mitochondria due to uneven distribution of the mutant gene secondary to lyonization (“X-chromosome Inactivation”. Genetics Home Reference, 2012). Occasionally, symptomatic females may not even present until they are placed under metabolic stress such as a severe illness, fasting, pregnancy, or new medication (Roth KS, Steiner RD. “Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency”. EMedicine, 2012). The urea cycle is the body's primary tool for the disposal of excess nitrogen, which is generated by the routine metabolism of proteins and amino acids. Mitochondrial dysfunction impairs urea production and result in hyperammonemia (Semin Neonatol 2002;7:27). The sine qua non among all degrees of OTC deficiency at presentation is hyperammonemia. As in adults, children will have similar symptoms of encephalopathy, but this may be expressed differently depending on the child's developmental level. We present an unusual case of OTC deficiency in an older child with undifferentiated symptoms of an anticholinergic toxidrome, liver failure, iron overdose, and mushroom poisoning.

Prevalence and predictors of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in a population-based sample.

PubMed

Tschudin, Sibil; Bertea, Paola Coda; Zemp, Elisabeth

2010-12-01

The study aimed at assessing the prevalence of premenstrual symptoms and of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in a population-based sample of women of the entire reproductive age range, as well as to analyse predictors of PMS and PMDD in terms of socio-demographic, health status and health behavioural factors. A set of questions on PMS-based on the premenstrual syndrome screening tool developed by Steiner et al., translated into German and piloted-was integrated into the written questionnaire of the 2007 Swiss Health Survey. Weighted prevalence rates and multivariable regression analysis for the outcome variables PMS and PMDD were calculated. A total of 3,913 women aged 15 to 54 years answered the questions on PMS symptoms, and 3,522 of them additionally answered the questions on interference of PMS with life. Ninety one percent of the participants reported at least one symptom, 10.3% had PMS and 3.1% fulfilled the criteria for PMDD. The prevalence of PMS was higher in non-married women, in women aged 35-44 years and in women of the Italian-speaking region of Switzerland. Both PMS and PMDD were strongly associated with poor physical health and psychological distress. Socio-cultural factors seem to determine the prevalence, perception and handling of PMS. Considering the association with poor physical health and high psychological distress, a broader underlying vulnerability in women qualifying for PMDD must be assumed and should be taken into account in clinical management as well as in future research in this field.

Observing atmospheric blocking with GPS radio occultation - one decade of measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brunner, Lukas; Steiner, Andrea

2017-04-01

Atmospheric blocking has received a lot of attention in recent years due to its impact on mid-latitude circulation and subsequently on weather extremes such as cold and warm spells. So far blocking studies have been based mainly on re-analysis data or model output. However, it has been shown that blocking frequency exhibits considerable inter-model spread in current climate models. Here we use one decade (2006 to 2016) of satellite-based observations from GPS radio occultation (RO) to analyze blocking in RO data building on work by Brunner et al. (2016). Daily fields on a 2.5°×2.5° longitude-latitude grid are calculated by applying an adequate gridding strategy to the RO measurements. For blocking detection we use a standard blocking detection algorithm based on 500 hPa geopotential height (GPH) gradients. We investigate vertically resolved atmospheric variables such as GPH, temperature, and water vapor before, during, and after blocking events to increase process understanding. Moreover, utilizing the coverage of the RO data set, we investigate global blocking frequencies. The main blocking regions in the northern and southern hemisphere are identified and the (vertical) atmospheric structure linked to blocking events is compared. Finally, an inter-comparison of results from RO data to different re-analyses, such as ERA-Interim, MERRA 2, and JRA-55, is presented. Brunner, L., A. K. Steiner, B. Scherllin-Pirscher, and M. W. Jury (2016): Exploring atmospheric blocking with GPS radio occultation observations. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4593-4604, doi:10.5194/acp-16-4593-2016.

Comment on 'Modeling of Convective-Stratiform Precipitation Processes: Sensitivity to Partitioning Methods' by Matthias Steiner

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lang, Steve; Tao, W.-K.; Simpson, J.; Ferrier, B.

2003-01-01

Despite the obvious notion that the presence of hail or graupel is a good indication of convection, the model results show this does not provide an objective benchmark partly due to the unrealistic presence of small amounts of hail or graupel throughout the anvil in the model but mainly because of the significant amounts of hail or graupel, especially in the tropical TOGA COARE simulation, in the transition zone. Without use of a "transition" category, it is open to debate as how this region should best be defined, as stratiform or as convective. So, the presence of significant hail or graupel contents in this zone significantly degrades its use an objective benchmark for convection. The separation algorithm comparison was done in the context of a cloud-resolving model. These models are widely used and serve a variety of purposes especially with regard to retrieving information that cannot be directly measured by providing synthetic data sets that are consistent and complete. Separation algorithms are regularly applied in these models. However, as with any modeling system, these types 'of models are constantly being improved to overcome any known deficiencies and make them more accurate representations of observed systems. The presence of hail and graupel in the anvil and the bias towards heavy rainfall rates are two such examples of areas that need improvement. Since, both of these can effect the perceived performance of the separation algorithms, the Lang et al. (2003) study did not want to overstate the relative performance of any specific algorithms.

The 'dark' side of the Greenland Ice Sheet: 2009 updated long term melting trends, remotely controlled boats on supraglacial lakes and cryokonite holes.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tedesco, Marco

2010-05-01

In this talk I will report recent results from different projects concerning melting over the Greenland Ice Sheet.

In particular, I will focus on three aspects: first, I will show results updating the long-term melting trends (1979 - 2009) derived with spaceborne satellite data will discuss the 2009 melting season. 
Second, I will present results of an experiment aiming at improving the monitoring of supraglacial lakes from visible and near-infrared satellite data and will present seasonal trends of these surface features. At the beginning of July 2009, we collected lake depth data and satellites-like data to evaluate satellites products used to study supraglacial lakes and improve monitoring techniques. We used a remotely controlled boat equipped with a GPS, fishfinder, spectrometer and microcomputer to collect these data. 
Third, while on the ice sheet, we also collected samples of cryoconite (that dark powdered material responsible for dark holes in the ice). I will report the results of preliminary analysis of this material by using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM, for analyzing the composition) and a spectrometer (to characterize the visible and near-infrared properties). 

The following people contributed to the results here reported: Nick Steiner (CUNY), M. Jenkins (National Geographic), X. Fettweis (University of Liege), Adam Lewinter and James Balog (Extreme Ice Survey), Gina Stovall and Gordon Green (CCNY).
The World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) and Martin Sommerkorn are deeply acknowledged for the financial support provided for the experiment.

The ‘dark’ side of the Greenland Ice Sheet: 2009 updated long term melting trends, remotely controlled boats on supraglacial lakes and cryokonite holes. (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tedesco, M.

2009-12-01

In this talk I will report recent results from different projects concerning melting over the Greenland Ice Sheet. In particular, I will focus on three aspects: first, I will show results updating the long-term melting trends (1979 - 2009) derived with spaceborne satellite data will discuss the 2009 melting season. Second, I will present results of an experiment aiming at improving the monitoring of supraglacial lakes from visible and near-infrared satellite data and will present seasonal trends of these surface features. At the beginning of July 2009, we collected lake depth data and satellites-like data to evaluate satellites products used to study supraglacial lakes and improve monitoring techniques. We used a remotely controlled boat equipped with a GPS, fishfinder, spectrometer and microcomputer to collect these data. Third, while on the ice sheet, we also collected samples of cryoconite (that dark powdered material responsible for dark holes in the ice). I will report the results of preliminary analysis of this material by using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM, for analyzing the composition) and a spectrometer (to characterize the visible and near-infrared properties). The following people contributed to the results of the different projects here reported: Nick Steiner (CUNY), M. Jenkins (National Geographic), X. Fettweis (University of Liege), Adam Lewinter and James Balog (Extreme Ice Survey), Gina Stovall and Gordon Green (CCNY). The World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) and Martin Sommerkorn are deeply acknowledged for the financial support provided for the experiment.

Influence of alternative lifestyles on self-reported body weight and health characteristics in women.

PubMed

Simões-Wüst, Ana Paula; Kummeling, Ischa; Mommers, Monique; Huber, Machteld A S; Rist, Lukas; van de Vijver, Lucy P L; Dagnelie, Pieter C; Thijs, Carel

2014-04-01

Alternative lifestyles are often associated with distinct practices with respect to nutrition, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use and usage of complementary medicine. Evidence concerning effects of these lifestyle-related practices on health status is still fragmentary. To describe maternal health characteristics related to alternative lifestyles, with emphasis on body-weight status, during pregnancy and maternity periods. We compared self-reported health-related features of mothers with alternative lifestyles and conventional lifestyles during pregnancy and maternity period in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. This cohort comprises two recruitment groups of mother-infant pairs, one with a conventional (no selection based on lifestyle, n = 2333), the other with an alternative lifestyle (selected via organic food shops, anthroposophic clinicians and midwives, anthroposophic under-five clinics, Rudolf Steiner schools and relevant magazines, n = 485). Mothers in the alternative group more frequently chose organic foods, adhered to specific living rules, practised vegetarianism and identified themselves with anthroposophy. Mothers in the alternative group showed lower BMI and lower prevalence of overweight and obesity than the conventional group, before pregnancy as well as 4-5 years after delivery. This difference was partly retained after adjusting for potential confounders. Furthermore, women in the alternative group had a lower prevalence of pregnancy-related hypertension, more often started breastfeeding and gave exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding for a longer period. Finally, they smoked less often, but more often drunk alcohol during pregnancy. The results suggest that an alternative lifestyle is associated with favourable body weight and with several differences in other health features.

Development of a 150 000 channel MSGC tracking system for the experiment HERA-B

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeuner, T.

1997-02-01

The universities of Heidelberg, Siegen and Zürich are preparing the inner tracker of the HERA-B experiment at DESY designed to measure CP violation in B meson decays. The system consists of 200 MSGC chambers of sizes up to 30 × 30 cm 2 with a total of 150 000 electronic channels. Rates up to 10 4 s -1 mm -2 have to be handled. The gold electrodes (300 μm pitch) are produced by a lift-off process on an alkali-free glass (300 μm thick). The glass is CVD coated with amorphous carbon with a surface resistivity of 10 14ω/□. It provides the required lifetime of 5 years with an integrated charge of 30 mC per cm of the anode length. Gains > 5000 are obtained. The efficiency is greater than 99% with negligible noise rate. Measures to avoid deterioration of the anodes by discharges caused by heavy ionizing particles are discussed. The MSGC detectors are connected to hybrid electronics via Kapton foils. A special bonding machine has been built which allows the adjustment by a video system and the chariots moved by micrometer screws and contains electronically steered glue dispenser and pressure pistons. Members of the collaboration are: T. Beckmann, C. Bresch, H.-B. Dreis, F. Eisele, S. Feuerstack, S. Hausmann, A. Hölscher, T. Hott, A. Lange, A. Maag, V. Myalitsin, P. Robmann, B. Schmidt, S. Schmidt, S. Steiner, U. Straumann, P. Truöl, S. Visbeck, A.-H. Walenta, T. Walter, U. Werthenbach, G. Zech and T. Zeuner.

Hollow fiber membranes for advanced life support systems. [permeable capillaries for medical filtration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roebelen, G. J., Jr.; Lysaght, M. J.

1977-01-01

This paper describes an investigation of the practicability of utilizing hollow fiber membranes in vehicular and portable life support system applications. A preliminary screening of potential advanced life support applications resulted in the selection of five applications for feasibility study and testing. As a result of the feasibility study and testing, three applications, heat rejection, deaeration, and bacteria filtration, were chosen for breadboard development testing. Breadboard hardware has been manufactured and tested, and the physical properties of the three hollow fiber membrane assemblies applicable to use aboard future spacecraft have been characterized.

Hexavalent Chrome Free Coatings for Electronics Applications: Joint Test Report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rothgeb, Matt; Kessel, Kurt

2013-01-01

The overall objective of the Hexavalent Chrome Free Coatings for Electronics Applications project is to evaluate and test pretreatments not containing hexavalent chrome in avionics and electronics housing applications. This objective will be accomplished by testing strong performing coating systems from prior NASA and DoD testing or new coating systems as determined by the stakeholders.

Hollow fiber membrane systems for advanced life support systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roebelen, G. J., Jr.; Lysaght, M. J.

1976-01-01

The practicability of utilizing hollow fiber membranes in vehicular and portable life support system applications is described. A preliminary screening of potential advanced life support applications resulted in the selection of five applications for feasibility study and testing. As a result of the feasibility study and testing, three applications, heat rejection, deaeration, and bacteria filtration, were chosen for breadboard development testing; breadboard hardware was manufactured and tested, and the physical properties of the hollow fiber membrane assemblies are characterized.

14 CFR 35.33 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... STANDARDS: PROPELLERS Tests and Inspections § 35.33 General. (a) Each applicant must furnish test article(s... nature of the test. If needed for substantiation, the applicant may test a different propeller...

14 CFR 35.33 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... STANDARDS: PROPELLERS Tests and Inspections § 35.33 General. (a) Each applicant must furnish test article(s... nature of the test. If needed for substantiation, the applicant may test a different propeller...

14 CFR 35.33 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... STANDARDS: PROPELLERS Tests and Inspections § 35.33 General. (a) Each applicant must furnish test article(s... nature of the test. If needed for substantiation, the applicant may test a different propeller...

14 CFR 35.33 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... STANDARDS: PROPELLERS Tests and Inspections § 35.33 General. (a) Each applicant must furnish test article(s... nature of the test. If needed for substantiation, the applicant may test a different propeller...

14 CFR 35.33 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... STANDARDS: PROPELLERS Tests and Inspections § 35.33 General. (a) Each applicant must furnish test article(s... nature of the test. If needed for substantiation, the applicant may test a different propeller...

NASA Wiring for Space Applications Program: Fiscal year 1994 - 1995 testing activities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, Harry T.; Hirsch, David

1995-01-01

The results of the testing of wire insulation materials for space applications is presented in this report. The wire insulations tested were partially fluorinated polyimide, extruded ETFE, extruded PTFE, PTFE tape, and PTFE/Kapton. The tests performed were flammability tests, odor tests, compatibility tests with aerospace fluids, offgassing tests, and thermal vacuum stability tests.

NASA Wiring for Space Applications Program: Fiscal year 1994 - 1995 testing activities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, Harry T.; Hirsch, David

1995-11-01

The results of the testing of wire insulation materials for space applications is presented in this report. The wire insulations tested were partially fluorinated polyimide, extruded ETFE, extruded PTFE, PTFE tape, and PTFE/Kapton. The tests performed were flammability tests, odor tests, compatibility tests with aerospace fluids, offgassing tests, and thermal vacuum stability tests.

Automatic testing and assessment of neuroanatomy using a digital brain atlas: method and development of computer- and mobile-based applications.

PubMed

Nowinski, Wieslaw L; Thirunavuukarasuu, Arumugam; Ananthasubramaniam, Anand; Chua, Beng Choon; Qian, Guoyu; Nowinska, Natalia G; Marchenko, Yevgen; Volkau, Ihar

2009-10-01

Preparation of tests and student's assessment by the instructor are time consuming. We address these two tasks in neuroanatomy education by employing a digital media application with a three-dimensional (3D), interactive, fully segmented, and labeled brain atlas. The anatomical and vascular models in the atlas are linked to Terminologia Anatomica. Because the cerebral models are fully segmented and labeled, our approach enables automatic and random atlas-derived generation of questions to test location and naming of cerebral structures. This is done in four steps: test individualization by the instructor, test taking by the students at their convenience, automatic student assessment by the application, and communication of the individual assessment to the instructor. A computer-based application with an interactive 3D atlas and a preliminary mobile-based application were developed to realize this approach. The application works in two test modes: instructor and student. In the instructor mode, the instructor customizes the test by setting the scope of testing and student performance criteria, which takes a few seconds. In the student mode, the student is tested and automatically assessed. Self-testing is also feasible at any time and pace. Our approach is automatic both with respect to test generation and student assessment. It is also objective, rapid, and customizable. We believe that this approach is novel from computer-based, mobile-based, and atlas-assisted standpoints.

A Smartphone Application Suite for Assessing Mobility.

PubMed

Madhushri, Priyanka; Dzhagaryan, Armen A; Jovanov, Emil; Milenkovic, Aleksandar

2016-08-01

Modern smartphones integrate a growing number of inertial and environmental sensors that can enable the development of new mobile health applications. In this paper we introduce a suite of smartphone applications for assessing mobility in elderly population. The suite currently includes applications that automate and quantify the following standardized medical tests for assessing mobility: Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), 30 Seconds Chair Stand Test (30SCS), and a 4-stage Balance Test (4SBT). For each smartphone application we describe its functionality and a list of parameters extracted by processing signals from smartphone's inertial sensors. The paper shows the results from studies conducted on geriatric patients for TUG tests and from studies conducted in the laboratory on healthy subjects for 30SCS and 4SBT tests.

Single versus repeated applications of CuO and Ag nanomaterials and their effect on soil microflora.

PubMed

Schlich, Karsten; Beule, Lukas; Hund-Rinke, Kerstin

2016-08-01

Nanomaterials enter the terrestrial environment via the repeated application of sludge to soils over many years. The goal of this investigation was to compare the effects of CuO and Ag nanomaterials on soil microorganisms after a single application and after repeated applications ultimately resulting in the same test concentrations. The effect on soil microorganisms was determined using the ammonium oxidation (ISO 15685), enzymatic activity patterns (ISO 22939) and MicroResp™ tests on days 28, 56 and 84. The comparability of single and repeated applications of ion-releasing nanomaterials depended on the test endpoint and duration. No significant differences between single and repeated applications were observed when testing nitrifying microorganisms and exoenzymes, but differences were observed in the substrate-induced respiration test. The three test systems used together provide more comprehensive information about the impact of different nanomaterials on the soil microflora and its diversity. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

26 CFR 1.483-3 - Test rate of interest applicable to a contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Test rate of interest applicable to a contract... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Adjustments § 1.483-3 Test rate of interest applicable to a contract. (a) General rule. For purposes of section 483, the test rate of interest for a contract is the...

43 CFR 3601.30 - Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Sampling and Testing § 3601.30 Pre-application activities—how and when may I sample and test mineral... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials? 3601.30 Section 3601.30 Public Lands: Interior Regulations...

43 CFR 3601.30 - Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Sampling and Testing § 3601.30 Pre-application activities—how and when may I sample and test mineral... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials? 3601.30 Section 3601.30 Public Lands: Interior Regulations...

43 CFR 3601.30 - Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Sampling and Testing § 3601.30 Pre-application activities—how and when may I sample and test mineral... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials? 3601.30 Section 3601.30 Public Lands: Interior Regulations...

43 CFR 3601.30 - Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Sampling and Testing § 3601.30 Pre-application activities—how and when may I sample and test mineral... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Pre-application activities-how and when may I sample and test mineral materials? 3601.30 Section 3601.30 Public Lands: Interior Regulations...

Online test application development using framework CodeIgniter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wibawa, S. C.; Wahyuningsih, Y.; Sulistyowati, R.; Abidin, R.; Lestari, Y.; Noviyanti; Maulana, D. A.

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study is developing application an online test for vocational students and to know the user acceptance testing on the application. The method used in this research is the Research and Development (R & D) only up to the pilot phase of the product. The stage of the procedure of the research namely: (1) Analyze the exam using paper compared to using web-based application test online. (2) Design the media in accordance with the design of the author. (3) To test the product by including a questionnaire instrument against the application that has been done. Researchers carried out tests on class X on the computer and network engineering Vocational High School (SMK) Darul Ma’wa Plumpang. It can be concluded that: (1) application online test was created gets the value of the validator with the percentage of lowest value and the highest value for the validation of products: 25% and 100%. With a total number of 14 questions, after validation of the products obtained from the three aspects of the assessment scale from 81.25 to 100 obtained from 2 different validators with the meaning of an application that has been developed and very suitable for use in school. (2) Based on User Acceptance Testing (UAT), applications can be very well received by the students and recommend to replay the final semester and others. With the successful acquisition of a category which means it’s ready and qualified.

Usability Testing For Android Based Application “Jogja Smart Tourism”

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harwati; Djati Widodo, Imam

2017-06-01

The android based application “Jogja Smart Tourism (JST)” is designed to help everyone who visited Yogyakarta to enjoy their travel. As new application, it is need to be tested for its usability before launched. Usability testing will show how easy user interfaces are to used. The objective of this research is to demonstrate the result of usability testing for application JST based on five characteristics: learnability, effectiveness, memorability, errors, and satisfaction. About 30 respondents were involved to test the usability of this application. Learnability and effectiveness is calculated from some task that should be finished by respondents, and the rest aspects are calculated from questionnaires that should be answered after simulation. There are 14 functions bound in this usability testing. The result shows total usability level is in 81.75%. Learnability testing shows that 98.8% of respondent could finish the task successfully with 87.5% in efficiency. The memorability level of respondents is good (84.5%) where their ability to fix the errors is 71.5%. And the last for satisfaction level of application interface is 66.25%. Low level of satisfaction occurred because most of respondent felt uncomfortable with landscape interface of application because they should turn their mobile phone while using JST application and also it happened because the lack of using picture and colour inside the application. Both of these becomes important note for the improvement of further applications where the interface in a portrait version is more comfort the use and also utilization of colour and the image will be the main focus to improve customer satisfaction.

Automatic Detection of Previously-Unseen Application States for Deployment Environment Testing and Analysis

PubMed Central

Murphy, Christian; Vaughan, Moses; Ilahi, Waseem; Kaiser, Gail

2010-01-01

For large, complex software systems, it is typically impossible in terms of time and cost to reliably test the application in all possible execution states and configurations before releasing it into production. One proposed way of addressing this problem has been to continue testing and analysis of the application in the field, after it has been deployed. A practical limitation of many such automated approaches is the potentially high performance overhead incurred by the necessary instrumentation. However, it may be possible to reduce this overhead by selecting test cases and performing analysis only in previously-unseen application states, thus reducing the number of redundant tests and analyses that are run. Solutions for fault detection, model checking, security testing, and fault localization in deployed software may all benefit from a technique that ignores application states that have already been tested or explored. In this paper, we present a solution that ensures that deployment environment tests are only executed in states that the application has not previously encountered. In addition to discussing our implementation, we present the results of an empirical study that demonstrates its effectiveness, and explain how the new approach can be generalized to assist other automated testing and analysis techniques intended for the deployment environment. PMID:21197140

Formal Functional Test Designs: Bridging the Gap Between Test Requirements and Test Specifications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hops, Jonathan

1993-01-01

This presentation describes the testing life cycle, the purpose of the test design phase, and test design methods and gives an example application. Also included is a description of Test Representation Language (TRL), a summary of the language, and an example of an application of TRL. A sample test requirement and sample test design are included.

34 CFR 668.144 - Application for test approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test irregularities have occurred; (ii... of how the State will identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test... 34 Education 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Application for test approval. 668.144 Section 668.144...

34 CFR 668.144 - Application for test approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test irregularities have occurred; (ii... of how the State will identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test... 34 Education 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Application for test approval. 668.144 Section 668.144...

34 CFR 668.144 - Application for test approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test irregularities have occurred; (ii... of how the State will identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test... 34 Education 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Application for test approval. 668.144 Section 668.144...

34 CFR 668.144 - Application for test approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test irregularities have occurred; (ii... of how the State will identify potential test irregularities and make a determination that test... 34 Education 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Application for test approval. 668.144 Section 668.144...

29 CFR 1926.1427 - Operator qualification and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... determination that industry recognized criteria for written testing materials, practical examinations, test... tests that: (A) Assess the operator applicant regarding, at a minimum, the knowledge and skills listed... an operator applicant fails a test or is decertified. (iv) Have testing procedures for re...

29 CFR 1926.1427 - Operator qualification and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... determination that industry recognized criteria for written testing materials, practical examinations, test... tests that: (A) Assess the operator applicant regarding, at a minimum, the knowledge and skills listed... an operator applicant fails a test or is decertified. (iv) Have testing procedures for re...

29 CFR 1926.1427 - Operator qualification and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... determination that industry recognized criteria for written testing materials, practical examinations, test... tests that: (A) Assess the operator applicant regarding, at a minimum, the knowledge and skills listed... an operator applicant fails a test or is decertified. (iv) Have testing procedures for re...

29 CFR 1926.1427 - Operator qualification and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... determination that industry recognized criteria for written testing materials, practical examinations, test... tests that: (A) Assess the operator applicant regarding, at a minimum, the knowledge and skills listed... an operator applicant fails a test or is decertified. (iv) Have testing procedures for re...

77 FR 2348 - Agency Information Collection (Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-17

... (Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test Fees): Activity Under OMB Review AGENCY... INFORMATION: Title: Application for Reimbursement of Licensing or Certification Test Fees, (38 U.S.C. Chapters... to request reimbursement of licensing or certification fees paid. An agency may not conduct or...

Psychological, situational and application-related determinants of the intention to self-test: a factorial survey among students.

PubMed

Kuecuekbalaban, Pinar; Rostalski, Tim; Schmidt, Silke; Muehlan, Holger

2017-07-10

The Internet enables an unprecedented opportunity to access a broad range of self-tests (e.g. testing for HIV, cancer, hepatitis B/C), which can be conducted by lay consumers without the help of a health professional. However, there is only little knowledge about the determinants of the use of self-tests. Thus, the aims of this study were (1) to experimentally investigate the impact of situational and application-related characteristics on the intention to use a self-test (ST), compared to being tested by a health professional at home (HPH) or at a doctor's office (HPD), (2) to examine the applicability of social-cognitive health behaviour theories on self-testing, and (3) to explore the advantages of integrating technological affinity into social-cognitive health behaviour models to predict self-testing. In a factorial survey, 1248 vignettes were rated by 208 students. The core concepts of social-cognitive health behaviour theories, technological affinity, and different situational and application-related characteristics were investigated. Intention to ST was only predicted by the medical expertise of the tested person, while HPH and HPD were also associated with the application purpose of the test and the presence of an emotionally supporting person. Perceived severity and outcome-expectancy significantly predicted intention to self-test. Technological enthusiastic people had a higher intention to use a self-test. Intention to ST, HPH and HPD were predicted by different situational and application-related characteristics. Social-cognitive health behaviour theories can be applied to predict self-testing and do not need to be extended by technological affinity.

Performance on a work-simulating firefighter test versus approved laboratory tests for firefighters and applicants.

PubMed

von Heimburg, Erna; Medbø, Jon Ingulf; Sandsund, Mariann; Reinertsen, Randi Eidsmo

2013-01-01

Firefighters must meet minimum physical demands. The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority (NLIA) has approved a standardised treadmill walking test and 3 simple strength tests for smoke divers. The results of the Trondheim test were compared with those of the NLIA tests taking into account possible effects of age, experience level and gender. Four groups of participants took part in the tests: 19 young experienced firefighters, 24 senior male firefighters and inexperienced applicants, 12 male and 8 female. Oxygen uptake (VO2) at exhaustion rose linearly by the duration of the treadmill test. Time spent on the Trondheim test was closely related to performance time and peak VO2 on the treadmill test. Senior experienced firefighters did not perform better than equally fit young applicants. However, female applicants performed poorer on the Trondheim test than on the treadmill test. Performance on the Trondheim test was not closely related to muscle strength beyond a minimum. CONCLUSION. Firefighters completing the Trondheim test in under 19 min fit the requirements of the NLIA treadmill test. The Trondheim test can be used as an alternative to the NLIA tests for testing aerobic fitness but not for muscular strength. Women's result of the Trondheim test were poorer than the results of the NLIA treadmill test, probably because of their lower body mass.

Status Report on the 40Ar/39Ar and U/Pb Dating of Tuffs in the Dewey Lake Formation of West Texas Towards Constraining the Permo-Triassic Magnetostratigraphic Time Scale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, S.; Renne, P. R.; Mundil, R.

2007-12-01

A detailed magnetic polarity time scale for the Permo-Triassic Boundary interval, critical for correlating events in marine and terrestrial paleoenvironments, is not yet well-established. Recently, late Permian magnetostratigraphic studies have been reported for non-marine sections in Europe and South Africa (Szurlies et al., 2003; Nawrocki, 2004; Ward et al., 2005). However, these sections are devoid of index fossil suitable for correlation with marine successions and also lack age constraints from radioisotopic dating methods. In other words, it is dubious to correlate these magnetostratigraphic data with the GSSP Permo-Triassic boundary and mass extinction. The Dewey Lake red beds formation of West Texas, believed to be the youngest Permian formation in North America, has yielded high-quality paleomagnetic data (Molina-Garza et al., 1989; Steiner, 2001) and contains several silicic tuffs potentially enabling high-resolution calibration of the magnetic polarity time scale in this critical age range. The tuffs have yet to be placed into a regional stratigraphic or magnetostratigraphic framework, and it is unclear exactly how many distinct eruptive units are represented by the 7 distinct samples collected to date from widely separated (>160 km) localities. 40Ar/39Ar (sanidine and biotite) and U/Pb (zircon) studies reveal that all 7 sampled tuffs were probably erupted within several hundred ka of the Permo-Triassic boundary as dated at the Meishan GSSP section (Renne et al., 1995; Mundil et al., 2004) but results thus far are inadequate to convincingly resolve age differences between the various samples. U/Pb dating of some samples is severely challenged by Pb-loss from the zircons despite application of the Mattinson (2005) annealing/chemical abrasion technique. 40Ar/39Ar data have been obtained from as many as four different irradiations in order to reduce neutron fluence related error. We observe the familiar ~1% bias between U/Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages. Biotite microprobe data, zircon U/Th TIMS data, and the absence of sanidine from some samples serve to help correlate or distinguish some samples despite irresolvable age differences; existing data suggest that 4 distinct tuffs are present in the Dewey Lake Formation. Resolving their ages convincingly will require further work, but it is clear from our results combined with previous magnetostratigraphic data that magnetic polarity reversals were relatively frequent in the latest Permian. Thus the uniqueness of correlations elsewhere with the Permo-Triassic boundary based on magnetostratigraphy alone are not well-founded.

Block 4 solar cell module design and test specification for intermediate load center applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Requirements for performance of terrestrial solar cell modules intended for use in various test applications are established. During the 1979-80 time period, such applications are expected to be in the 20 to 500 kilowatt size range. A series of characterization and qualification tests necessary to certify the module design for production, and the necessary performance test for acceptance of modules are specified.

Capacitor Technologies, Applications and Reliability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

Various aspects of capacitor technologies and applications are discussed. Major emphasis is placed on: the causes of failures; accelerated testing; screening tests; destructive physical analysis; applications techniques; and improvements in capacitor capabilities.

40 CFR 91.405 - Recorded information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... addition to a pre- and post-test measurement. (4) Recorder chart or equivalent. Identify for each test... each mode, if applicable. (8) Exhaust sample line temperature, if applicable. (e) Test data; post-test...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures § 91.405 Recorded...

40 CFR 91.405 - Recorded information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... addition to a pre- and post-test measurement. (4) Recorder chart or equivalent. Identify for each test... each mode, if applicable. (8) Exhaust sample line temperature, if applicable. (e) Test data; post-test...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures § 91.405 Recorded...

40 CFR 91.405 - Recorded information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... addition to a pre- and post-test measurement. (4) Recorder chart or equivalent. Identify for each test... each mode, if applicable. (8) Exhaust sample line temperature, if applicable. (e) Test data; post-test...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures § 91.405 Recorded...

40 CFR 91.405 - Recorded information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... addition to a pre- and post-test measurement. (4) Recorder chart or equivalent. Identify for each test... each mode, if applicable. (8) Exhaust sample line temperature, if applicable. (e) Test data; post-test...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures § 91.405 Recorded...

40 CFR 91.405 - Recorded information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... addition to a pre- and post-test measurement. (4) Recorder chart or equivalent. Identify for each test... each mode, if applicable. (8) Exhaust sample line temperature, if applicable. (e) Test data; post-test...) CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures § 91.405 Recorded...

Preparing Students for Critical-Thinking Applications on Standardized Tests

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendricks, Jacquelyn Kaye

2010-01-01

Student performance on critical-thinking applications on standardized tests in a southwestern U.S. state has been low for several years. The purpose of this instrumental case study was to explore how one school district prepared students for critical-thinking applications on standardized tests. The study was informed by cognitivism and…

Development, evaluation and application of performance-based brake testing technologies field test : executive summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-09-01

This report presents the results of the field test portion of the Development, Evaluation, and Application of Performance-Based Brake Testing Technologies sponsored by the Federal Highway Administrations (FHWA) Office of Motor Carriers.

A software framework for developing measurement applications under variable requirements.

PubMed

Arpaia, Pasquale; Buzio, Marco; Fiscarelli, Lucio; Inglese, Vitaliano

2012-11-01

A framework for easily developing software for measurement and test applications under highly and fast-varying requirements is proposed. The framework allows the software quality, in terms of flexibility, usability, and maintainability, to be maximized. Furthermore, the development effort is reduced and finalized, by relieving the test engineer of development details. The framework can be configured for satisfying a large set of measurement applications in a generic field for an industrial test division, a test laboratory, or a research center. As an experimental case study, the design, the implementation, and the assessment inside the application to a measurement scenario of magnet testing at the European Organization for Nuclear Research is reported.

10 CFR 72.162 - Test control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Test control. 72.162 Section 72.162 Energy NUCLEAR... Test control. The licensee, applicant for a license, certificate holder, and applicant for a CoC shall establish a test program to ensure that all testing, required to demonstrate that the structures, systems...

34 CFR 668.144 - Application for test approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the comparability of scores on the current test to scores on the previous test, and data from validity... explanation of the methodology and procedures for measuring the reliability of the test; (ii) Evidence that different forms of the test, including, if applicable, short forms, are comparable in reliability; (iii...

30 CFR 7.4 - Product testing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Product testing. 7.4 Section 7.4 Mineral... MINING PRODUCTS TESTING BY APPLICANT OR THIRD PARTY General § 7.4 Product testing. (a) All products... to observe product testing, the applicant shall permit an MSHA official to be present at a mutually...

40 CFR 63.7 - Performance testing requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Performance testing requirements. (a) Applicability and performance test dates. (1) The applicability of this... or operator of the affected source must perform such tests within 180 days of the compliance date for... standard initially, the owner or operator shall conduct a second performance test within 3 years and 180...

A Test-Bed of Secure Mobile Cloud Computing for Military Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-13

searching databases. This kind of applications is a typical example of mobile cloud computing (MCC). MCC has lots of applications in the military...Release; Distribution Unlimited UU UU UU UU 13-09-2016 1-Aug-2014 31-Jul-2016 Final Report: A Test-bed of Secure Mobile Cloud Computing for Military...Army Research Office P.O. Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211 Test-bed, Mobile Cloud Computing , Security, Military Applications REPORT

The Influence of Drug Testing Attributes, Participation, and Personality on Potential Applicant's Attitudes and Job Pursuit Intentions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoffey, Ronald W.

Researchers are increasingly aware of the importance of job applicants' reactions to the personnel selection process. This study examines three variables in connection with drug testing policies: (1) the potential applicant's reactions to two different drug testing policies which varied in terms of drug policy characteristics and their impact on…

40 CFR 725.355 - Information to be included in the TME application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... or the environment as a result of the test marketing. The TME application must be in writing and must... the microorganism as a result of test marketing, including information regarding duration and route of... for Test Marketing § 725.355 Information to be included in the TME application. (a) To review a TME...

Space Software Defined Radio Characterization to Enable Reuse

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mortensen, Dale J.; Bishop, Daniel W.; Chelmins, David

2012-01-01

NASA's Space Communication and Navigation Testbed is beginning operations on the International Space Station this year. The objective is to promote new software defined radio technologies and associated software application reuse, enabled by this first flight of NASA's Space Telecommunications Radio System architecture standard. The Space Station payload has three software defined radios onboard that allow for a wide variety of communications applications; however, each radio was only launched with one waveform application. By design the testbed allows new waveform applications to be uploaded and tested by experimenters in and outside of NASA. During the system integration phase of the testbed special waveform test modes and stand-alone test waveforms were used to characterize the SDR platforms for the future experiments. Characterization of the Testbed's JPL SDR using test waveforms and specialized ground test modes is discussed in this paper. One of the test waveforms, a record and playback application, can be utilized in a variety of ways, including new satellite on-orbit checkout as well as independent on-board testbed experiments.

Results of extended plant tests using more realistic exposure scenarios for improving environmental risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals.

PubMed

Richter, Elisabeth; Berkner, Silvia; Ebert, Ina; Förster, Bernhard; Graf, Nadin; Herrchen, Monika; Kühnen, Ute; Römbke, Jörg; Simon, Markus

2016-01-01

Residues of veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) enter the environment via application of manure onto agricultural areas where in particular antibiotics can cause phytotoxicity. Terrestrial plant tests according to OECD guideline 208 are part of the environmental risk assessment of VMPs. However, this standard approach might not be appropriate for VMPs which form non-extractable residues or transformation products in manure and manure-amended soil. Therefore, a new test design with a more realistic exposure scenario via manure application is needed. This paper presents an extended plant test and its experimental verification with the veterinary antibiotics florfenicol and tylosin tartrate. With each substance, plant tests with four different types of application were conducted: standard tests according to OECD 208 and three tests with application of test substance via spiked manure either without storage, aerobically incubated, or anaerobically incubated for different time periods. In standard tests, the lowest NOEC was <0.06 mg/kg dry soil for florfenicol and 16.0 mg/kg dry soil for tylosin tartrate. Pre-tests showed that plant growth was not impaired at 22-g fresh manure/kg dry soil, which therefore was used for the final tests. The application of the test substances via freshly spiked as well as via aerobically incubated manure had no significant influence on the test results. Application of florfenicol via anaerobically incubated manure increased the EC10 by a factor up to 282 and 540 for half-maximum and for maximum incubation period, respectively. For tylosin tartrate, this factor amounted to 64 at half-maximum and 61 at maximum incubation period. The reduction of phytotoxicity was generally stronger when using cattle manure than pig manure and particularly in tests with cattle manure phytotoxicity decreased over the incubation period. The verification of the extended plant test showed that seedling emergence and growth are comparable to a standard OECD 208 test and reliable effect concentrations could be established. As demonstrated in the present study, phytotoxicity of veterinary antibiotics can be significantly reduced by application via incubated manure compared to the standard plant test. Overall, the presented test design proved suitable for inclusion into the plant test strategy for VMPs.

77 FR 24480 - Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program-Reopening the AP Test Fee...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-24

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program--Reopening the AP Test Fee Fiscal Year 2012 Competition AGENCY: Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE), Department of Education. ACTION: Notice reopening the AP Test Fee fiscal year 2012 competition...

77 FR 28601 - Announcement of an Opportunity for Manufacturers and Designers of Closed Circuit Escape...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-15

... Correlation Test Program are not applicable as pre-test data for a respirator approval application. DATES: The... Performance Testing Within a Correlation Test Program Offered by the National Institute for Occupational...: Notice. SUMMARY: The purpose of this notice is to announce a Correlation Test Program offered by NIOSH...

40 CFR 86.1846-01 - Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... manufacturer with only one test group under § 86.1845-01 or § 86.1845-04, as applicable, such manufacturer shall have a maximum potential testing requirement under this section of one test group (or Agency... shown by a test group sample from testing under §§ 86.1845-01 or 86.1845-04, as applicable, exceeds the...

40 CFR 86.1846-01 - Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... manufacturer with only one test group under § 86.1845-01 or § 86.1845-04, as applicable, such manufacturer shall have a maximum potential testing requirement under this section of one test group (or Agency... shown by a test group sample from testing under §§ 86.1845-01 or 86.1845-04, as applicable, exceeds the...

40 CFR 86.1846-01 - Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... manufacturer with only one test group under § 86.1845-01 or § 86.1845-04, as applicable, such manufacturer shall have a maximum potential testing requirement under this section of one test group (or Agency... shown by a test group sample from testing under §§ 86.1845-01 or 86.1845-04, as applicable, exceeds the...

42 CFR 493.35 - Application for a certificate of waiver.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... moderately complex or waived tests per certificate) public health testing may file a single application. (3... laboratory including— (i) The name and the total number of test procedures and examinations performed...

46 CFR 16.201 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MERCHANT MARINE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN CHEMICAL TESTING Required Chemical Testing § 16.201 Application. (a) Chemical testing of personnel must be conducted as required by this... chemical test for dangerous drugs under this part, the individual will be presumed to be a user of...

An Approach to the Flammability Testing of Aerospace Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hirsch, David B.

2012-01-01

Presentation reviews: (1) Current approach to evaluation of spacecraft materials flammability (2) The need for and the approach to alternative routes (3) Examples of applications of the approach recommended a) Crew Module splash down b) Crew Module depressurization c) Applicability of NASA's flammability test data to other sample configurations d) Applicability of NASA's ground flammability test data to spacecraft environments

General Aviation Interior Noise. Part 2; In-Flight Source/Verification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Unruh, James F.; Till, Paul D.; Palumbo, Daniel L. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

The technical approach made use of the Cessna Model 182E aircraft used in the previous effort as a test bed for noise control application. The present phase of the project reports on flight test results during application of various passive noise treatments in an attempt to verify the noise sources and paths for the aircraft. The data presented establishes the level of interior noise control that can be expected for various passive noise control applications within the aircraft cabin. Subsequent testing will address specific testing to demonstrate the technology available to meet a specified level of noise control by application of passive and/or active noise control technology.

Changes in Texas Universities’ Applicant Pools after the Hopwood Decision

PubMed Central

Long, Mark C.; Tienda, Marta

2012-01-01

This paper evaluates how the distribution of applicant and enrollee attributes at seven Texas universities changed after the Hopwood decision and the implementation of a policy guaranteeing admission to students with high class ranks. We analyze changes in the distributions of test scores and high school class ranks for underrepresented minority groups as well as white and Asian American applicants across institutions and between admission regimes. We show that these admissions policy changes, which have direct effects on only the most selective institutions, have substantial indirect effects at other institutions. Average test scores of applicants to less selective institutions rose following the change in admission criteria, as students with high test scores who did not qualify for the admission guarantee applied to a broader set of institutions. Furthermore, as the share of high rank applicants at UT-Austin rose, the pre-Hopwood assent in the test scores of their applicants stagnated. PMID:23335823

First Observation of ^60Ge and ^64Se

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stolz, Andreas

2004-10-01

The neutron-deficient nuclei ^60Ge and ^64Se were observed for the first time following the fragmentation of ^78Kr. This is the first observation of new proton-rich nuclei below Z=50 in over three years. A primary beam of 140-MeV/nucleon ^78Kr was produced using the Coupled Cyclotron Facility and fragmented in a Be target. The secondary neutron-deficient fragments were separated by the A1900 fragment separator [1] and stopped in a stack of silicon PIN diodes. The fragments were identified by a measurement of energy loss, total energy, and time-of-flight. ^60Ge is the last nucleus along the proton dripline lighter than cadmium which is predicted to be bound (S_2p = 50 ± 240 keV) by the latest atomic mass evaluation [2] and which has not yet been observed. Theoretical calculations predict ^60Ge to be bound with respect to two-proton emission by 167(141) keV [3] and 630 keV [4], while ^64Se is predicted not to be bound [2]. >From the number of observed events of ^60Ge and ^64Se the production cross section and lifetime will be estimated. No events of ^59Ga and ^63As were observed confirming that these nuclei are unbound with respect to proton emission and upper limits of the lifetime can be established. [1] D. J. Morrissey, B. M. Sherrill, M. Steiner, A. Stolz, and I. Wiedenhover, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 204, 90 (2003). [2] G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, and C. Thibault, Nucl. Phys. A729, 337 (2003). [3] W. E. Ormand, Phys. Rev. C 55, 2407 (1997). [4] M.V. Stoitsov, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, S. Pittel, and D. J. Dean, Phys. Rev. C 68, 054312 (2003).

TRStalker: an efficient heuristic for finding fuzzy tandem repeats.

PubMed

Pellegrini, Marco; Renda, M Elena; Vecchio, Alessio

2010-06-15

Genomes in higher eukaryotic organisms contain a substantial amount of repeated sequences. Tandem Repeats (TRs) constitute a large class of repetitive sequences that are originated via phenomena such as replication slippage and are characterized by close spatial contiguity. They play an important role in several molecular regulatory mechanisms, and also in several diseases (e.g. in the group of trinucleotide repeat disorders). While for TRs with a low or medium level of divergence the current methods are rather effective, the problem of detecting TRs with higher divergence (fuzzy TRs) is still open. The detection of fuzzy TRs is propaedeutic to enriching our view of their role in regulatory mechanisms and diseases. Fuzzy TRs are also important as tools to shed light on the evolutionary history of the genome, where higher divergence correlates with more remote duplication events. We have developed an algorithm (christened TRStalker) with the aim of detecting efficiently TRs that are hard to detect because of their inherent fuzziness, due to high levels of base substitutions, insertions and deletions. To attain this goal, we developed heuristics to solve a Steiner version of the problem for which the fuzziness is measured with respect to a motif string not necessarily present in the input string. This problem is akin to the 'generalized median string' that is known to be an NP-hard problem. Experiments with both synthetic and biological sequences demonstrate that our method performs better than current state of the art for fuzzy TRs and that the fuzzy TRs of the type we detect are indeed present in important biological sequences. TRStalker will be integrated in the web-based TRs Discovery Service (TReaDS) at bioalgo.iit.cnr.it. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

A novel network analysis approach reveals DNA damage, oxidative stress and calcium/cAMP homeostasis-associated biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia

PubMed Central

Ferrari, Raffaele; Graziano, Francesca; Novelli, Valeria; Rossi, Giacomina; Galimberti, Daniela; Rainero, Innocenzo; Benussi, Luisa; Nacmias, Benedetta; Bruni, Amalia C.; Cusi, Daniele; Salvi, Erika; Borroni, Barbara; Grassi, Mario

2017-01-01

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is the form of neurodegenerative dementia with the highest prevalence after Alzheimer’s disease, equally distributed in men and women. It includes several variants, generally characterized by behavioural instability and language impairments. Although few mendelian genes (MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72) have been associated to the FTD phenotype, in most cases there is only evidence of multiple risk loci with relatively small effect size. To date, there are no comprehensive studies describing FTD at molecular level, highlighting possible genetic interactions and signalling pathways at the origin FTD-associated neurodegeneration. In this study, we designed a broad FTD genetic interaction map of the Italian population, through a novel network-based approach modelled on the concepts of disease-relevance and interaction perturbation, combining Steiner tree search and Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis. Our results show a strong connection between Calcium/cAMP metabolism, oxidative stress-induced Serine/Threonine kinases activation, and postsynaptic membrane potentiation, suggesting a possible combination of neuronal damage and loss of neuroprotection, leading to cell death. In our model, Calcium/cAMP homeostasis and energetic metabolism impairments are primary causes of loss of neuroprotection and neural cell damage, respectively. Secondly, the altered postsynaptic membrane potentiation, due to the activation of stress-induced Serine/Threonine kinases, leads to neurodegeneration. Our study investigates the molecular underpinnings of these processes, evidencing key genes and gene interactions that may account for a significant fraction of unexplained FTD aetiology. We emphasized the key molecular actors in these processes, proposing them as novel FTD biomarkers that could be crucial for further epidemiological and molecular studies. PMID:29020091

Fulfillment of the premenstrual dysphoric disorder criteria confirmed using a self-rating questionnaire among Japanese women with depressive disorders.

PubMed

Miyaoka, Yoshiko; Akimoto, Yoshie; Ueda, Kayoko; Ujiie, Yuri; Kametani, Machiko; Uchiide, Yoko; Kamo, Toshiko

2011-05-02

Some women with depressive disorders experience severe premenstrual symptoms. However, there have been few studies in which premenstrual symptoms in women suffering from depressive disorders were assessed. In this study, we aimed to investigate premenstrual symptoms in women with depressive disorders using the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) scale. We administered questionnaires to 65 Japanese female outpatients who had been diagnosed with a major depressive disorder or dysthymic disorder and to 303 healthy women as control subjects. The questionnaire consisted of items on demographics and the PMDD scale, which was modified from the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) developed by Steiner et al. (Arch Womens Ment Health 2003, 6:203-209). Twenty-eight women (43.1%) with depressive disorder fulfilled certain items of the PMDD scale. These women are considered to have coexisting PMDD and a depressive disorder, or to have premenstrual exacerbation (PME) of a depressive disorder. On the other hand, 18 women (5.9%) in the control group were diagnosed as having PMDD. The depressive disorder group who fulfilled the PMDD criteria had more knowledge of the term premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and took more actions to attenuate premenstrual symptoms than the control group with PMDD. Our findings demonstrated that the occurrence of severe premenstrual symptoms is much higher in women with depressive disorders than in healthy subjects. This is partially due to this group containing women with PME, but mainly due to it containing women with PMDD. The higher percentage of PMDD suggests similarity between PMDD and other depressive disorders. Furthermore, educating healthy Japanese women and women with depressive disorders about premenstrual symptoms and evidence-based treatment for them is necessary.

Fulfillment of the premenstrual dysphoric disorder criteria confirmed using a self-rating questionnaire among Japanese women with depressive disorders

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Some women with depressive disorders experience severe premenstrual symptoms. However, there have been few studies in which premenstrual symptoms in women suffering from depressive disorders were assessed. In this study, we aimed to investigate premenstrual symptoms in women with depressive disorders using the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) scale. Methods We administered questionnaires to 65 Japanese female outpatients who had been diagnosed with a major depressive disorder or dysthymic disorder and to 303 healthy women as control subjects. The questionnaire consisted of items on demographics and the PMDD scale, which was modified from the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) developed by Steiner et al. (Arch Womens Ment Health 2003, 6:203-209). Results Twenty-eight women (43.1%) with depressive disorder fulfilled certain items of the PMDD scale. These women are considered to have coexisting PMDD and a depressive disorder, or to have premenstrual exacerbation (PME) of a depressive disorder. On the other hand, 18 women (5.9%) in the control group were diagnosed as having PMDD. The depressive disorder group who fulfilled the PMDD criteria had more knowledge of the term premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and took more actions to attenuate premenstrual symptoms than the control group with PMDD. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that the occurrence of severe premenstrual symptoms is much higher in women with depressive disorders than in healthy subjects. This is partially due to this group containing women with PME, but mainly due to it containing women with PMDD. The higher percentage of PMDD suggests similarity between PMDD and other depressive disorders. Furthermore, educating healthy Japanese women and women with depressive disorders about premenstrual symptoms and evidence-based treatment for them is necessary. PMID:21535889

New relativistic effective interaction for finite nuclei, infinite nuclear matter, and neutron stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Bharat; Patra, S. K.; Agrawal, B. K.

2018-04-01

We carry out the study of finite nuclei, infinite nuclear matter, and neutron star properties with the newly developed relativistic force, the Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar-I (IOPB-I). Using this force, we calculate the binding energies, charge radii, and neutron-skin thickness for some selected nuclei. From the ground-state properties of superheavy nuclei (Z =120 ), it is noticed that considerable shell gaps appear at neutron numbers N =172 , 184, and 198, manifesting the magicity at these numbers. The low-density behavior of the equation of state for pure neutron matter is compatible with other microscopic models. Along with the nuclear symmetry energy, its slope and curvature parameters at the saturation density are consistent with those extracted from various experimental data. We calculate the neutron star properties with the equation of state composed of nucleons and leptons in β -equilibrium, which are in good agreement with the x-ray observations by Steiner [Astrophys. J. 722, 33 (2010), 10.1088/0004-637X/722/1/33] and Nättilä [Astron. Astrophys. 591, A25 (2016), 10.1051/0004-6361/201527416]. Based on the recent observation of GW170817 with a quasi-universal relation, Rezzolla et al. [Astrophys. J. Lett. 852, L25 (2018), 10.3847/2041-8213/aaa401] have set a limit for the maximum mass that can be supported against gravity by a nonrotating neutron star in the range 2.01 ±0.04 ≲M (M⊙)≲2.16 ±0.03 . We find that the maximum mass of the neutron star for the IOPB-I parametrization is 2.15 M⊙ . The radius and tidal deformability of a canonical neutron star of mass 1.4 M⊙ are 13.2 km and 3.9 ×1036g cm2s2 , respectively.

High-quality two-nucleon potentials up to fifth order of the chiral expansion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Entem, D. R.; Machleidt, R.; Nosyk, Y.

2017-08-01

We present NN potentials through five orders of chiral effective field theory ranging from leading order (LO) to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N4LO ). The construction may be perceived as consistent in the sense that the same power counting scheme as well as the same cutoff procedures are applied in all orders. Moreover, the long-range parts of these potentials are fixed by the very accurate π N low-energy constants (LECs) as determined in the Roy-Steiner equations analysis by Hoferichter, Ruiz de Elvira, and coworkers. In fact, the uncertainties of these LECs are so small that a variation within the errors leads to effects that are essentially negligible, reducing the error budget of predictions considerably. The NN potentials are fit to the world NN data below the pion-production threshold of the year 2016. The potential of the highest order (N4LO ) reproduces the world NN data with the outstanding χ2/datum of 1.15, which is the highest precision ever accomplished for any chiral NN potential to date. The NN potentials presented may serve as a solid basis for systematic ab initio calculations of nuclear structure and reactions that allow for a comprehensive error analysis. In particular, the consistent order by order development of the potentials will make possible a reliable determination of the truncation error at each order. Our family of potentials is nonlocal and, generally, of soft character. This feature is reflected in the fact that the predictions for the triton binding energy (from two-body forces only) converges to about 8.1 MeV at the highest orders. This leaves room for three-nucleon-force contributions of moderate size.

Confirmation and revision on the orbital period change of the possible type Ia supernova progenitor V617 Sagittarii

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shi, Guang; Qian, Sheng-Bang; Fernández Lajús, Eduardo

2014-02-01

This work reports new photometric results of eclipsing cataclysmic variable V617 Sagittarii (V617 Sgr). We analyzed the orbital period change of V617 Sgr by employing three new (since 2010) CCD eclipse timings along with all the available data from the literature. It was found that the orbital period of V617 Sgr undergoes an obvious long-term increase, which confirms the result revealed by Steiner et al. (2006). The rate of orbital period increase was calculated to be {dot{P}} = +2.14(0.05) × 10-7 d yr-1. This suggests the lifetime of the secondary star will end in a timescale of 0.97 × 106 yr faster than that predicted previously. In particular, a cyclic variation with a period of 4.5 yr and an amplitude of 2.3 min may appear in the O - C diagram. Dominated by the wind-accretion mechanism, high mass transfer from the low mass secondary to the white dwarf is expected to continue in the V Sge-type star V617 Sgr during its long-term evolution. The mass transfer rate |skew4dot{M}_{ tr}| was estimated to be in the range of about 2.2 × 10-7 to 5.2 × 10-7 M⊙ yr-1. Accordingly, the already massive (≥ 1.2 M⊙) white dwarf primary will process stable nuclear burning, accrete a fraction of the mass from its companion to reach the standard Chandrasekhar mass limit (≃ 1.38 M⊙), and ultimately produce a type Ia supernova (SN Ia) within about 4-8 × 105 yr or earlier.

Investigating the impact of atmospheric blocking on temperature extremes across Europe using an objective index

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brunner, Lukas; Steiner, Andrea; Sillmann, Jana

2017-04-01

Atmospheric blocking is a key contributor to European temperature extremes. It leads to stable, long-lasting weather patterns, which favor the development of cold and warm spells. The link between blocking and such temperature extremes differs significantly across Europe. In northern Europe a majority of warm spells are connected to blocking, while cold spells are suppressed during blocked conditions. In southern Europe the opposite picture arises with most cold spells occurring during blocking and warm spells suppressed. Building on earlier work by Brunner et al. (2017) this study aims at a better understanding of the connection between blocking and temperature extremes in Europe. We investigate cold and warm spells with and without blocking in observations from the European daily high-resolution gridded dataset (E-OBS) from 1979 to 2015. We use an objective extreme index (Russo et al. 2015) to identify and compare cold and warm spells across Europe. Our work is lead by the main question: Are cold/warm spells coinciding with blocking different from cold/warm spells during unblocked conditions in regard to duration, extend, or amplitude? Here we present our research question and the study setup, and show first results of our analysis on European temperature extremes. Brunner, L., G. Hegerl, and A. Steiner (2017): Connecting Atmospheric Blocking to European Temperature Extremes in Spring. J. Climate, 30, 585-594, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0518.1. Russo, S., J. Sillmann, and E. M. Fischer (2015): Top ten European heatwaves since 1950 and their occurrence in the coming decades. Environ. Res. Lett. 10.12, S. 124003. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124003.

Consistent, high-quality two-nucleon potentials up to fifth order of the chiral expansion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Machleidt, R.

2018-02-01

We present N N potentials through five orders of chiral effective field theory ranging from leading order (LO) to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N4LO). The construction may be perceived as consistent in the sense that the same power counting scheme as well as the same cutoff procedures are applied in all orders. Moreover, the long-range parts of these potentials are fixed by the very accurate πN low-energy constants (LECs) as determined in the Roy-Steiner equations analysis by Hoferichter, Ruiz de Elvira and coworkers. In fact, the uncertainties of these LECs are so small that a variation within the errors leads to effects that are essentially negligible, reducing the error budget of predictions considerably. The N N potentials are fit to the world N N data below pion-production threshold of the year of 2016. The potential of the highest order (N4LO) reproduces the world N N data with the outstanding χ 2/datum of 1.15, which is the highest precision ever accomplished for any chiral N N potential to date. The N N potentials presented may serve as a solid basis for systematic ab initio calculations of nuclear structure and reactions that allow for a comprehensive error analysis. In particular, the consistent order by order development of the potentials will make possible a reliable determination of the truncation error at each order. Our family of potentials is non-local and, generally, of soft character. This feature is reflected in the fact that the predictions for the triton binding energy (from two-body forces only) converges to about 8.1 MeV at the highest orders. This leaves room for three-nucleon-force contributions of moderate size.

Spider fauna in Caspian Costal region of Iran.

PubMed

Ghavami, Sahra

2007-03-01

The current study investigated spider fauna of Caspian Costal region of Iran (Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) during 2005-2006. Spiders were collected from on the ground and under the stones and grasses by bottle, aspirator, Pitfall trap and pans and from branches, leaves and trunks of different trees and bushes by Steiner and Baggiolini method and insect net. They transferred to the laboratory and classified in 52 species and 51 genera belonged to 20 families. Thirty species, 13 genera and 2 families are reported for the first time from Iran, as follows: Family Agelenidae: Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757), Cicurina sp., Family Araneidae: Agalenatea redii (Scopoli, 1763), Araniella inconspicua (Simon, 1874), Araniella alpica (C.L. Koch, 1869), Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757, Cercidia sp., Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772), Hypsosinga sanguinea (C.L. Koch,1845), Family Clubionidae: Clubiona neglecta O.P. Camridge, 1862, Family Amaurobiidae, Family Eresidae: Eresus sp., Dresserus sp., Family Gnaphosidae: Aphantaulax sp., Micaria sp., Family Metidae: Zygiella x-notata (Clerck,1757), Family Miturgidae: Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802), Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P. Cambridge, 1873, Family Linyphiidae: Microlinyphia sp., Family Lycosidae: Alopecosa pulverulenta (Clerck, 1757), Pardosa amentata (Clerck, 1757), Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861), Pardosa monticola (Clerck, 1757), Family Oxyopidae: Oxyopes salticus (Hentx, 1802), Family Philodromidae: Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802),Family Pholcidae: Psilochorus simoni (Berland, 1911), Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775), Family Salticidae: Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757), Family Tetragnathidae: Tetragnatha montana, Simon, 1874, Tetragnatha javana (Thorell, 1890), Family Theridiidae: Dipoena prona (Menge, 1868), Steatoda albomaculata (Degeer, 1778), Theridion impressum C. L. Koch, Theridion simile C.L. Koch,1836, Family Thomisidae: Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757), Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757), Thanatus striatus C.L. Koch, 1845, Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757).

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of cirrhotic liver cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma can provide a new prognostic factor.

PubMed

Ruà, S; Comino, A; Fruttero, A; Torchio, P; Bouzari, H; Taraglio, S; Torchio, B; Capussotti, L

1996-09-15

DNA flow cytometry of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells has been investigated in many studies, but, to the best of our knowledge, there are no data on DNA analysis of cirrhotic parenchyma around the HCC. In this study, cell kinetics and ploidy of parenchymal cells around HCC were performed to ascertain if this would predict the possibility of recurrence in the cirrhotic areas. The DNA content of 93 cases of HCC and of cirrhotic liver around the tumor nodules was analyzed by flow cytometry. Ploidy and proliferative index of HCC and cirrhotic liver were compared with macroscopic, histologic, and clinical features of each case and linked with the behavior of these tumors. Survival curves were assessed according to the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariate analysis based on Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed on cases of diploid cirrhosis cells in which the S-phase fraction was evaluable. The univariate analysis of survival suggested significant roles for age, number of intrahepatic nodules, Edmondson-Steiner's classification, portal invasion, vascular invasion, presence of necrosis, hepatitis B surface antigen, alpha-feto-protein, Child's score, ploidy, and S-phase fraction of HCC cells. The DNA analysis of the cirrhotic cells showed that polyploidy was dramatically reduced in patients with HCC, compared with normal hepatocytes, and aneuploid clones were present among diploid cells. High S-phase fraction of cirrhotic cells and Child-Pugh classification were the strongest independent parameters affecting the tumor behavior in this study. The results of this study suggest that S-phase fraction of cirrhotic liver parenchyma may be employed as a new parameter in the prognostic evaluation of HCC patients.

Mapping low- and high-density clouds in astrophysical nebulae by imaging forbidden line emission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, J. E.; Menezes, R. B.; Ricci, T. V.; Oliveira, A. S.

2009-06-01

Emission line ratios have been essential for determining physical parameters such as gas temperature and density in astrophysical gaseous nebulae. With the advent of panoramic spectroscopic devices, images of regions with emission lines related to these physical parameters can, in principle, also be produced. We show that, with observations from modern instruments, it is possible to transform images taken from density-sensitive forbidden lines into images of emission from high- and low-density clouds by applying a transformation matrix. In order to achieve this, images of the pairs of density-sensitive lines as well as the adjacent continuum have to be observed and combined. We have computed the critical densities for a series of pairs of lines in the infrared, optical, ultraviolet and X-rays bands, and calculated the pair line intensity ratios in the high- and low-density limit using a four- and five-level atom approximation. In order to illustrate the method, we applied it to Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) Integral Field Unit (GMOS-IFU) data of two galactic nuclei. We conclude that this method provides new information of astrophysical interest, especially for mapping low- and high-density clouds; for this reason, we call it `the ld/hd imaging method'. Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States); the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom); the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile); the Australian Research Council (Australia); Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia (Brazil) and Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Argentina). E-mail: steiner@astro.iag.usp.br

The oil-dispersion bath in anthroposophic medicine--an integrative review.

PubMed

Büssing, Arndt; Cysarz, Dirk; Edelhäuser, Friedrich; Bornhöft, Gudrun; Matthiessen, Peter F; Ostermann, Thomas

2008-12-04

Anthroposophic medicine offers a variety of treatments, among others the oil-dispersion bath, developed in the 1930s by Werner Junge. Based on the phenomenon that oil and water do not mix and on recommendations of Rudolf Steiner, Junge developed a vortex mechanism which churns water and essential oils into a fine mist. The oil-covered droplets empty into a tub, where the patient immerses for 15-30 minutes. We review the current literature on oil-dispersion baths. The following databases were searched: Medline, Pubmed, Embase, AMED and CAMbase. The search terms were 'oil-dispersion bath' and 'oil bath', and their translations in German and French. An Internet search was also performed using Google Scholar, adding the search terms 'study' and 'case report' to the search terms above. Finally, we asked several experts for gray literature not listed in the above-mentioned databases. We included only articles which met the criterion of a clinical study or case report, and excluded theoretical contributions. Among several articles found in books, journals and other publications, we identified 1 prospective clinical study, 3 experimental studies (enrolling healthy individuals), 5 case reports, and 3 field-reports. In almost all cases, the studies described beneficial effects - although the methodological quality of most studies was weak. Main indications were internal/metabolic diseases and psychiatric/neurological disorders. Beyond the obvious beneficial effects of warm bathes on the subjective well-being, it remains to be clarified what the unique contribution of the distinct essential oils dispersed in the water can be. There is a lack of clinical studies exploring the efficacy of oil-dispersion baths. Such studies are recommended for the future.

Overview of the Publications From the Anthroposophic Medicine Outcomes Study (AMOS): A Whole System Evaluation Study

PubMed Central

Kiene, Helmut; Ziegler, Renatus; Tröger, Wilfried; Meinecke, Christoph; Schnürer, Christof; Vögler, Hendrik; Glockmann, Anja; Kienle, Gunver Sophia

2014-01-01

Anthroposophic medicine is a physician-provided complementary therapy system that was founded by Rudolf Steiner and Ita Wegman. Anthroposophic therapy includes special medicinal products, artistic therapies, eurythmy movement exercises, and special physical therapies. The Anthroposophic Medicine Outcomes Study (AMOS) was a prospective observational multicenter study of 1631 outpatients starting anthroposophic therapy for anxiety disorders, asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, low back pain, migraine, and other chronic indications under routine conditions in Germany. AMOS incorporated two features proposed for the evaluation of integrative therapy systems: (1) a sequential approach, starting with the whole therapy system (use, safety, outcomes, perceived benefit), addressing comparative effectiveness and proceeding to the major system components (physician counseling, anthroposophic medicinal products, art therapy, eurythmy therapy, rhythmical massage therapy) and (2) a mix of different research methods to build an information synthesis, including pre-post analyses, prospective comparative analyses, economic analyses, and safety analyses of individual patient data. AMOS fostered two methodological innovations for the analysis of single-arm therapy studies (combined bias suppression, systematic outcome comparison with corresponding cohorts in other studies) and the first depression cost analysis worldwide comparing primary care patients treated for depression vs depressed patients treated for another disorder vs nondepressed patients. A total of 21 peer-reviewed publications from AMOS have resulted. This article provides an overview of the main research questions, methods, and findings from these publications: anthroposophic treatment was safe and was associated with clinically relevant improvements in symptoms and quality of life without cost increase; improvements were found in all age, diagnosis, and therapy modality groups and were retained at 48-month follow-up; nonrespondent bias, natural recovery, regression to the mean, and adjunctive therapies together could explain a maximum of 37% of the improvement. PMID:24753995

The oil-dispersion bath in anthroposophic medicine – an integrative review

PubMed Central

Büssing, Arndt; Cysarz, Dirk; Edelhäuser, Friedrich; Bornhöft, Gudrun; Matthiessen, Peter F; Ostermann, Thomas

2008-01-01

Background Anthroposophic medicine offers a variety of treatments, among others the oil-dispersion bath, developed in the 1930s by Werner Junge. Based on the phenomenon that oil and water do not mix and on recommendations of Rudolf Steiner, Junge developed a vortex mechanism which churns water and essential oils into a fine mist. The oil-covered droplets empty into a tub, where the patient immerses for 15–30 minutes. We review the current literature on oil-dispersion baths. Methods The following databases were searched: Medline, Pubmed, Embase, AMED and CAMbase. The search terms were 'oil-dispersion bath' and 'oil bath', and their translations in German and French. An Internet search was also performed using Google Scholar, adding the search terms 'study' and 'case report' to the search terms above. Finally, we asked several experts for gray literature not listed in the above-mentioned databases. We included only articles which met the criterion of a clinical study or case report, and excluded theoretical contributions. Results Among several articles found in books, journals and other publications, we identified 1 prospective clinical study, 3 experimental studies (enrolling healthy individuals), 5 case reports, and 3 field-reports. In almost all cases, the studies described beneficial effects – although the methodological quality of most studies was weak. Main indications were internal/metabolic diseases and psychiatric/neurological disorders. Conclusion Beyond the obvious beneficial effects of warm bathes on the subjective well-being, it remains to be clarified what the unique contribution of the distinct essential oils dispersed in the water can be. There is a lack of clinical studies exploring the efficacy of oil-dispersion baths. Such studies are recommended for the future. PMID:19055811

Overview of the Publications From the Anthroposophic Medicine Outcomes Study (AMOS): A Whole System Evaluation Study.

PubMed

Hamre, Harald Johan; Kiene, Helmut; Ziegler, Renatus; Tröger, Wilfried; Meinecke, Christoph; Schnürer, Christof; Vögler, Hendrik; Glockmann, Anja; Kienle, Gunver Sophia

2014-01-01

Anthroposophic medicine is a physician-provided complementary therapy system that was founded by Rudolf Steiner and Ita Wegman. Anthroposophic therapy includes special medicinal products, artistic therapies, eurythmy movement exercises, and special physical therapies. The Anthroposophic Medicine Outcomes Study (AMOS) was a prospective observational multicenter study of 1631 outpatients starting anthroposophic therapy for anxiety disorders, asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, low back pain, migraine, and other chronic indications under routine conditions in Germany. AMOS INCORPORATED TWO FEATURES PROPOSED FOR THE EVALUATION OF INTEGRATIVE THERAPY SYSTEMS: (1) a sequential approach, starting with the whole therapy system (use, safety, outcomes, perceived benefit), addressing comparative effectiveness and proceeding to the major system components (physician counseling, anthroposophic medicinal products, art therapy, eurythmy therapy, rhythmical massage therapy) and (2) a mix of different research methods to build an information synthesis, including pre-post analyses, prospective comparative analyses, economic analyses, and safety analyses of individual patient data. AMOS fostered two methodological innovations for the analysis of single-arm therapy studies (combined bias suppression, systematic outcome comparison with corresponding cohorts in other studies) and the first depression cost analysis worldwide comparing primary care patients treated for depression vs depressed patients treated for another disorder vs nondepressed patients. A total of 21 peer-reviewed publications from AMOS have resulted. This article provides an overview of the main research questions, methods, and findings from these publications: anthroposophic treatment was safe and was associated with clinically relevant improvements in symptoms and quality of life without cost increase; improvements were found in all age, diagnosis, and therapy modality groups and were retained at 48-month follow-up; nonrespondent bias, natural recovery, regression to the mean, and adjunctive therapies together could explain a maximum of 37% of the improvement.

Classification accuracy of brief parent report measures of language development in Spanish-speaking toddlers.

PubMed

Guiberson, Mark; Rodríguez, Barbara L; Dale, Philip S

2011-10-01

The purpose of the current study was to examine the concurrent validity and classification accuracy of 3 parent report measures of language development in Spanish-speaking toddlers. Forty-five Spanish-speaking parents and their 2-year-old children participated. Twenty-three children had expressive language delays (ELDs) as determined through multiple sources of information, and 22 had typical language development (TD). Parents completed the Spanish version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (Spanish ASQ; Squires, Potter, & Bricker, 1999) and the short-form of the Inventarios del Desarrollo de Habilidades Comunicativas Palabras y Enunciados (INV-II; Jackson-Maldonado, Bates, & Thal, 1992; Jackson-Maldonado et al., 2003), which is the Spanish version of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories Words and Sentences form, and reported children's 3 longest utterances (M3L-W). Children were administered the Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition, Spanish Edition (SPLS-4; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002) at early childhood centers. All 3 parent report measures were significantly correlated with the SPLS-4, establishing their concurrent validity. Children with ELDs scored significantly lower than TD children on all 3 parent report measures. The Spanish ASQ demonstrated less than desirable levels of sensitivity and specificity; both the short-form INV-II and M3L-W measures demonstrated favorable sensitivity and specificity. Of these measures, M3L-W demonstrated the strongest classification accuracy qualities, including sensitivity, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve. The short-form INV-II and M3L-W demonstrated highly satisfactory classification accuracy of ELDs, but M3L-W demonstrated slightly stronger accuracy. These results indicate that these measures may be useful in screening for ELDs in Spanish-speaking toddlers.

Can commonly used profile planes be used to evaluate changes in lower lip position?

PubMed

Buschang, Peter H; Fretty, Kimberly; Campbell, Phillip M

2011-07-01

To determine the validity of five profile planes commonly used to describe the horizontal changes of the lower lip during orthodontic treatment. Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalograms of 79 patients (12.4 ± 2.8 years of age) were evaluated. Lower lip (labrale inferiorus) changes over time were measured relative to the Rickett's E-line, Steiner's S1-line, Burstone's B-line, Sushner's S2-line, and Holdaway's H-line. As an independent measure of actual horizontal lip changes, the labrale inferiorus was measured relative to a stable reference plane registered on the sella and oriented on the SN-7°. The lower lip actually moved anteriorly 2.35 ± 3.35 mm during orthodontic treatment; the five profile planes indicated that the lower lip moved to a more retrusive, posterior position. The five profile planes also showed no statistically significant sex differences in terms of the treatment changes that occurred, while the actual lip changes showed that males exhibited significantly greater changes than females. Actual treatment changes showed that the lower lip moved to a more protrusive position with nonextraction than with extraction treatments, changes that were not evident based on the five profile lines. While lip changes based on the five profile planes demonstrated moderately high to high intercorrelations ranging from 0.81 to 0.97, they showed only weak correlations (r < .35) with the actual horizontal changes of the labrale inferiorus. While all five planes measured similar aspects of positional change, none of them closely reflected the actual lower lip changes that occurred. These planes should not be used to measure changes in lip position that occur during treatment.

Semilocal momentum-space regularized chiral two-nucleon potentials up to fifth order

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reinert, P.; Krebs, H.; Epelbaum, E.

2018-05-01

We introduce new semilocal two-nucleon potentials up to fifth order in the chiral expansion. We employ a simple regularization approach for the pion exchange contributions which i) maintains the long-range part of the interaction, ii) is implemented in momentum space and iii) can be straightforwardly applied to regularize many-body forces and current operators. We discuss in detail the two-nucleon contact interactions at fourth order and demonstrate that three terms out of fifteen used in previous calculations can be eliminated via suitably chosen unitary transformations. The removal of the redundant contact terms results in a drastic simplification of the fits to scattering data and leads to interactions which are much softer ( i.e., more perturbative) than our recent semilocal coordinate-space regularized potentials. Using the pion-nucleon low-energy constants from matching pion-nucleon Roy-Steiner equations to chiral perturbation theory, we perform a comprehensive analysis of nucleon-nucleon scattering and the deuteron properties up to fifth chiral order and study the impact of the leading F-wave two-nucleon contact interactions which appear at sixth order. The resulting chiral potentials at fifth order lead to an outstanding description of the proton-proton and neutron-proton scattering data from the self-consistent Granada-2013 database below the pion production threshold, which is significantly better than for any other chiral potential. For the first time, the chiral potentials match in precision and even outperform the available high-precision phenomenological potentials, while the number of adjustable parameters is, at the same time, reduced by about ˜ 40%. Last but not least, we perform a detailed error analysis and, in particular, quantify for the first time the statistical uncertainties of the fourth- and the considered sixth-order contact interactions.

The Influence of Class II Division 2 Malocclusions on the Harmony of the Human Face Profile.

PubMed

Perović, Tatjana

2017-11-24

BACKGROUND Persons with class II division 2 malocclusion are characterized by a very specific dento-skeletal and soft-tissue profile (a profile in which a protruding nose and chin, retruding lips, concave and shortened lower third of the face, and gummy smile are dominant), which is the opposite of the currently modern profiles (convex profile of protruding lips and small chin). The aim of this research was to determine the differences in parameters of harmonies of facial profiles between persons with class II division 2 malocclusions and class I, and to establish the significance of those differences. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this study, 50 patients with class II division 2 malocclusions and 50 patients with class I were selected; profile photos were recorded and a photometric analysis was done: a type of profile according to Schwarz, the shape of a nose, the prominence of chin, biometrical field, the position of lips in relation to the tangent Sn-Pg, S-line (Steiner), E-line (Riketts) and a facial angle according to Arnett. RESULTS The significant differences in profiles of persons with class II division 2 compared to class I were: position and prominence of the chin, the position of the lower and upper lip in relation to the S-line, and smaller value of a facial angle in relation to persons with class I. CONCLUSIONS The differences seen in skeletal profiles were not associated with significant differences in the profiled facial contours of the examined groups. The compensatory role of the fullness of soft tissues of the lips is probably the reason why there were not significant deviations in all the examined parameters.

Violence exposure and health related risk among African American adolescent female detainees: A strategy for reducing recidivism

PubMed Central

Woodson, Kamilah M.; Hives, Courtney; Sanders-Phillips, Kathy

2010-01-01

Juvenile crime and violent victimization continue to be significant social problems (Fitzpatrick, Piko, Wright, & LaGory, 2005); in that, adolescents, females in particular, are likely to participate in health related risk behaviors as result of having been victimized or exposed to a violent environment. Specifically, abuse, neglect, sexual molestation, poverty, and witnessing violence are well known risk factors for the development of trauma-related psychopathology and poor outcomes relative to delinquency, drug and alcohol abuse, and HIV risk behaviors (Steiner, Garcia, & Matthews, 1997). HIV infection is a common public health concern disproportionally affecting adolescent African American female detainees. This unique population has a serious history of violence exposure, which subsequently tends to lead to engaging in risky sexual behaviors, mental health problems, and abusing substances. Also, as a result of little to no intervention, this population is recidivating at an alarming rate, a problem that may further exacerbate the expression of health-related risk behaviors among African American adolescent female detainees. The authors briefly describe a pilot program to be implemented in the juvenile justice system that is based on the Model of Accumulated Risk (Garbarino, 1996), Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model (1994), and the Positive Youth Justice Model (Butts, Bazemore, & Meroe, 2009). The program proposes to reduce risky sexual behaviors, teach alternatives to abusing substances, treat mental health concerns, and reduce the rate of recidivism through “positive youth development”, PYD (Butts, Bazemore, & Meroe, 2009). Tying elements of wraparound services and reeducation together, this program addresses salient concerns that may have an impact on an adolescent detainees’ success following their release from prison in a holistic manner. PMID:21373205

Intracellular transport and sorting of mutant human proinsulins that fail to form hexamers

PubMed Central

1991-01-01

Human proinsulin and insulin oligomerize to form dimers and hexamers. It has been suggested that the ability of prohormones to self associate and form aggregates may be responsible for the sorting process at the trans-Golgi. To examine whether insulin oligomerization is required for proper sorting into regulated storage granules, we have constructed point mutations in human insulin B chain that have been previously shown to prevent formation of insulin hexamers (Brange, J., U. Ribel, J. F. Hansen, G. Dodson, M. T. Hansen, S. Havelund, S. G. Melberg, F. Norris, K. Norris, L. Snel, A. R. Sorensen, and H. O. Voight. 1988. Nature [Lond.]. 333:679-682). One mutant (B10His----Asp) allows formation of dimers but not hexamers and the other (B9Ser----Asp) prevents formation of both dimers and hexamers. The mutants were transfected into the mouse pituitary AtT-20 cells, and their ability to be sorted into regulated secretory granules was compared to wild-type insulin. We found that while B10His----Asp is sorted somewhat less efficiently than wild-type insulin as reported previously (Carroll, R. J., R. E. Hammer, S. J. Chan, H. H. Swift, A. H. Rubenstein, and D. F. Steiner. 1988. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:8943-8947; Gross, D. J., P. A. Halban, C. R. Kahn, G. C. Weir, and L. Villa-Kumaroff. 1989. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:4107-4111). B9Ser----Asp is targeted to granules as efficiently as wild-type insulin. These results indicate that self association of proinsulin into hexamers is not required for its targeting to the regulated secretory pathway. PMID:2040652

Intracellular transport and sorting of mutant human proinsulins that fail to form hexamers.

PubMed

Quinn, D; Orci, L; Ravazzola, M; Moore, H P

1991-06-01

Human proinsulin and insulin oligomerize to form dimers and hexamers. It has been suggested that the ability of prohormones to self associate and form aggregates may be responsible for the sorting process at the trans-Golgi. To examine whether insulin oligomerization is required for proper sorting into regulated storage granules, we have constructed point mutations in human insulin B chain that have been previously shown to prevent formation of insulin hexamers (Brange, J., U. Ribel, J. F. Hansen, G. Dodson, M. T. Hansen, S. Havelund, S. G. Melberg, F. Norris, K. Norris, L. Snel, A. R. Sorensen, and H. O. Voight. 1988. Nature [Lond.]. 333:679-682). One mutant (B10His----Asp) allows formation of dimers but not hexamers and the other (B9Ser----Asp) prevents formation of both dimers and hexamers. The mutants were transfected into the mouse pituitary AtT-20 cells, and their ability to be sorted into regulated secretory granules was compared to wild-type insulin. We found that while B10His----Asp is sorted somewhat less efficiently than wild-type insulin as reported previously (Carroll, R. J., R. E. Hammer, S. J. Chan, H. H. Swift, A. H. Rubenstein, and D. F. Steiner. 1988. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:8943-8947; Gross, D. J., P. A. Halban, C. R. Kahn, G. C. Weir, and L. Villa-Kumaroff. 1989. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:4107-4111). B9Ser----Asp is targeted to granules as efficiently as wild-type insulin. These results indicate that self association of proinsulin into hexamers is not required for its targeting to the regulated secretory pathway.

Active/passive scanning. [airborne multispectral laser scanners for agricultural and water resources applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woodfill, J. R.; Thomson, F. J.

1979-01-01

The paper deals with the design, construction, and applications of an active/passive multispectral scanner combining lasers with conventional passive remote sensors. An application investigation was first undertaken to identify remote sensing applications where active/passive scanners (APS) would provide improvement over current means. Calibration techniques and instrument sensitivity are evaluated to provide predictions of the APS's capability to meet user needs. A preliminary instrument design was developed from the initial conceptual scheme. A design review settled the issues of worthwhile applications, calibration approach, hardware design, and laser complement. Next, a detailed mechanical design was drafted and construction of the APS commenced. The completed APS was tested and calibrated in the laboratory, then installed in a C-47 aircraft and ground tested. Several flight tests completed the test program.

MATTS- A Step Towards Model Based Testing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herpel, H.-J.; Willich, G.; Li, J.; Xie, J.; Johansen, B.; Kvinnesland, K.; Krueger, S.; Barrios, P.

2016-08-01

In this paper we describe a Model Based approach to testing of on-board software and compare it with traditional validation strategy currently applied to satellite software. The major problems that software engineering will face over at least the next two decades are increasing application complexity driven by the need for autonomy and serious application robustness. In other words, how do we actually get to declare success when trying to build applications one or two orders of magnitude more complex than today's applications. To solve the problems addressed above the software engineering process has to be improved at least for two aspects: 1) Software design and 2) Software testing. The software design process has to evolve towards model-based approaches with extensive use of code generators. Today, testing is an essential, but time and resource consuming activity in the software development process. Generating a short, but effective test suite usually requires a lot of manual work and expert knowledge. In a model-based process, among other subtasks, test construction and test execution can also be partially automated. The basic idea behind the presented study was to start from a formal model (e.g. State Machines), generate abstract test cases which are then converted to concrete executable test cases (input and expected output pairs). The generated concrete test cases were applied to an on-board software. Results were collected and evaluated wrt. applicability, cost-efficiency, effectiveness at fault finding, and scalability.

System Testing of Desktop and Web Applications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slack, James M.

2011-01-01

We want our students to experience system testing of both desktop and web applications, but the cost of professional system-testing tools is far too high. We evaluate several free tools and find that AutoIt makes an ideal educational system-testing tool. We show several examples of desktop and web testing with AutoIt, starting with simple…

40 CFR 1065.801 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Applicability. 1065.801 Section 1065.801 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Testing With Oxygenated Fuels § 1065.801 Applicability. (a) This subpart...

40 CFR 1065.801 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 33 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Applicability. 1065.801 Section 1065.801 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Testing With Oxygenated Fuels § 1065.801 Applicability. (a) This subpart...

40 CFR 1065.801 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicability. 1065.801 Section 1065.801 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Testing With Oxygenated Fuels § 1065.801 Applicability. (a) This subpart...

40 CFR 1065.801 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Applicability. 1065.801 Section 1065.801 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Testing With Oxygenated Fuels § 1065.801 Applicability. (a) This subpart...

40 CFR 1065.801 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 34 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Applicability. 1065.801 Section 1065.801 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES Testing With Oxygenated Fuels § 1065.801 Applicability. (a) This subpart...

Access-in-turn test architecture for low-power test application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Weizheng; Wang, JinCheng; Wang, Zengyun; Xiang, Lingyun

2017-03-01

This paper presents a novel access-in-turn test architecture (AIT-TA) for testing of very large scale integrated (VLSI) designs. In the proposed scheme, each scan cell in a chain receives test data from shift-in line in turn while pushing its test response to the shift-out line. It solves the power problem of conventional scan architecture to a great extent and suppresses significantly the switching activity during shift and capture operation with acceptable hardware overhead. Thus, it can help to implement the test at much higher operation frequencies resulting shorter test application time. The proposed test approach enhances the architecture of conventional scan flip-flops and backward compatible with existing test pattern generation and simulation techniques. Experimental results obtained for some larger ISCAS'89 and ITC'99 benchmark circuits illustrate effectiveness of the proposed low-power test application scheme.

Fire Suppression Testing of Hypergolic Vapor Control Foams

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-11-01

tests is given in Table 4. The obstruction test is plotted in Figure 11. c. MIL - F - 24385 -C Tests The low-expansion test utilized in certifying foams for...nozzle, and foam application in accordance with MIL - F -24385C. Extinguishment times were obtained for different application rates. The data were plotted...additional fire tests on the MMH curve. c. MIL - F -24385C Tests A second test (Test A-1B) of this type was conducted with the acrylic-modified foam using

40 CFR 1033.501 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... tests. (1) For diesel-fueled locomotives, use the appropriate diesel fuel specified in 40 CFR part 1065, subpart H, for emission testing. The applicable diesel test fuel is either the ultra low-sulfur diesel or low-sulfur diesel fuel, as specified in § 1033.101. Identify the test fuel in your application for...

40 CFR 1033.501 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... tests. (1) For diesel-fueled locomotives, use the appropriate diesel fuel specified in 40 CFR part 1065, subpart H, for emission testing. The applicable diesel test fuel is either the ultra low-sulfur diesel or low-sulfur diesel fuel, as specified in § 1033.101. Identify the test fuel in your application for...

40 CFR 1033.501 - General provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... tests. (1) For diesel-fueled locomotives, use the appropriate diesel fuel specified in 40 CFR part 1065, subpart H, for emission testing. The applicable diesel test fuel is either the ultra low-sulfur diesel or low-sulfur diesel fuel, as specified in § 1033.101. Identify the test fuel in your application for...

Educational Measurement. Third Edition. American Council on Education Series on Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Linn, Robert L., Ed.

This collection explores the theory and applications of educational testing. It is divided into sections on theory and general principles of educational measurement, administration of tests and scoring, and applications of testing. The following chapters present information on test theory and use: (1) "Current Perspectives and Future…

12 CFR 325.203 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.203 Applicability. (a) First stress test for covered banks subject to stress testing requirements as of October 15, 2012. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank as of October 15, 2012 must conduct its first stress test under this subpart using financial statement data as...

12 CFR 325.203 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... MAINTENANCE Annual Stress Test § 325.203 Applicability. (a) First stress test for covered banks subject to stress testing requirements as of October 15, 2012. (1) A $10 billion to $50 billion covered bank as of October 15, 2012 must conduct its first stress test under this subpart using financial statement data as...

75 FR 77634 - Approval of Test Marketing Exemptions for Certain New Chemicals

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-13

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [EPA-HQ-OPPT-2010-0990; FRL-8857-3] Approval of Test Marketing...: This notice announces EPA's approval of applications for test marketing exemptions (TMEs) under section... test marketing conditions are described in the TME applications and in this notice. DATES: Approval of...

14 CFR 61.35 - Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing grades.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing....35 Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing grades. (a) An applicant for a knowledge test must have... the applicant accomplished the appropriate ground-training or a home-study course required by this...

14 CFR 61.35 - Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing grades.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing....35 Knowledge test: Prerequisites and passing grades. (a) An applicant for a knowledge test must have... the applicant accomplished the appropriate ground-training or a home-study course required by this...

33 CFR 241.7 - Application of test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... payments, equals the amount of Federal expenditures (including sunk pre-construction engineering and design... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Application of test. 241.7... test. (a) A preliminary ability to pay test will be applied during the study phase of any proposed...

33 CFR 241.7 - Application of test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... payments, equals the amount of Federal expenditures (including sunk pre-construction engineering and design... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Application of test. 241.7... test. (a) A preliminary ability to pay test will be applied during the study phase of any proposed...

33 CFR 241.7 - Application of test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... payments, equals the amount of Federal expenditures (including sunk pre-construction engineering and design... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Application of test. 241.7... test. (a) A preliminary ability to pay test will be applied during the study phase of any proposed...

33 CFR 241.7 - Application of test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... payments, equals the amount of Federal expenditures (including sunk pre-construction engineering and design... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Application of test. 241.7... test. (a) A preliminary ability to pay test will be applied during the study phase of any proposed...

33 CFR 241.7 - Application of test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... payments, equals the amount of Federal expenditures (including sunk pre-construction engineering and design... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Application of test. 241.7... test. (a) A preliminary ability to pay test will be applied during the study phase of any proposed...

75 FR 2122 - Additional Guidance Regarding Application of Current Procedures for Testing Energy Consumption of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

... prescribed or amended under this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test results which measure... Energy's (DOE) guidance to ensure the consistent application of DOE's current test procedure to...) to prescribe standardized test procedures to measure the energy consumption of certain consumer...

49 CFR 383.95 - Restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... applicant either fails the air brake component of the knowledge test, or performs the skills test in a... the skills test and the restriction, air brakes include any braking system operating fully or partially on the air brake principle. (b) Full air brake. (1) If an applicant performs the skills test in a...

Results of the ESA study on psychological selection of astronaut applicants for Columbus missions I: Aptitude testing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fassbender, Christoph; Goeters, Klaus-Martin

European participation in the Space Station Freedom brought about new challenges for the psychological selection of astronaut candidates, particularly in respect to specific demands of long duration space flights. For this reason existing selection criteria and methods were reassessed. On these grounds a study was undertaken applying a unique composition of aptitude tests to a group of 97 ESA scientists and engineers who are highly comparable to the expected astronaut applicants with respect to age and education. The tests assessed operational aptitudes such as logical reasoning, memory function, perception, spatial orientation, attention, psychomotor function, and multiple task capacity. The study goals were: 1) Verification of psychometric qualities and applicability of tests in a normative group; 2) Search for culture-fair tests by which multi-national groups can be examined; 3) Identification of test methods which consider general and special operational demands of long duration space flights. Based on the empirical findings a test battery was arranged for use in the selection of ESA astronaut applicants. Results showed that 16 out of the 18 employed tests have good psychometric qualities and differentiate reliably in the special group of testees. The meta structure of the test battery as described by a factorial analysis is presented. Applicability of tests was generally high. Tests were culture-fair, however, a relation between English language skills and test results was identified. Since most item material was language-free, this was explained with the importance of English language skills for the understanding of test instructions. Solutions to this effect are suggested.

Self-reported physical activity and preaccession fitness testing in U.S. Army applicants.

PubMed

Gubata, Marlene E; Cowan, David N; Bedno, Sheryl A; Urban, Nadia; Niebuhr, David W

2011-08-01

The Assessment of Recruit Motivation and Strength (ARMS) study evaluated a physical fitness screening test for Army applicants before basic training. This report examines applicants' self-reported physical activity as a predictor of objective fitness measured by ARMS. In 2006, the ARMS study administered a fitness test and physical activity survey to Army applicants during their medical evaluation, using multiple logistic regression for comparison. Among both men and women, "qualified" and "exceeds-body-fat" subjects who met American College of Sports Medicine adult physical activity guidelines were more likely to pass the fitness test. Overall, subjects who met physical activity recommendations, watched less television, and played on sports teams had a higher odds of passing the ARMS test after adjustment for age, race, and smoking status. This study demonstrates that self-reported physical activity was associated with physical fitness and may be used to identify those at risk of failing a preaccession fitness test.

Application of nomographs for analysis and prediction of receiver spurious response EMI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heather, F. W.

1985-07-01

Spurious response EMI for the front end of a superheterodyne receiver follows a simple mathematic formula; however, the application of the formula to predict test frequencies produces more data than can be evaluated. An analysis technique has been developed to graphically depict all receiver spurious responses usig a nomograph and to permit selection of optimum test frequencies. The discussion includes the math model used to simulate a superheterodyne receiver, the implementation of the model in the computer program, the approach to test frequency selection, interpretation of the nomographs, analysis and prediction of receiver spurious response EMI from the nomographs, and application of the nomographs. In addition, figures are provided of sample applications. This EMI analysis and prediction technique greatly improves the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) test engineer's ability to visualize the scope of receiver spurious response EMI testing and optimize test frequency selection.

The Application of Voltage Transformer Simulator in Electrical Test Training

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Nan; Zhang, Jun; Chai, Ziqi; Wang, Jingpeng; Yang, Baowei

2018-02-01

The voltage transformer test is an important means to monitor its operating state. The accuracy and reliability of the test data is directly related to the test skill level of the operator. However, the risk of test instruments damage, equipment being tested damage and electric shock in operator is caused by improper operation when training the transformer test. In this paper, a simulation device of voltage transformer is set up, and a simulation model is built for the most common 500kV capacitor voltage transformer (CVT), the simulation model can realize several test items of CVT by combing with teaching guidance platform, simulation instrument, complete set of system software and auxiliary equipment in Changchun. Many successful applications show that the simulation device has good practical value and wide application prospect.

Development of design, qualification, screening, and application requirements for plastic encapsulated solid-state devices for space applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1981-12-01

Test data were collected on 1035 plastic encapsulated devices and 75 hermetically scaled control group devices that were purchased from each of five different manufacturers in the categories of (1) low power Schottsky TTL (bipolar) digital circuits; (2) CMOS digital circuits; (3) operational amplifier linear circuits; and (4) NPN transistors. These parts were subjected to three different initial screening conditions, then to extended life testing, to determine any possible advantages or trends for any particular screen. Several tests were carried out in the areas of flammability testing, humidity testing, high pressure steam (auroclave) testing, and high temperature storage testing. Test results are presented. Procurement and application considerations for use of plastic encapsulated semiconductors are presented and a statistical analysis program written to study the log normal distributions resulting from life testing is concluded.

Development of design, qualification, screening, and application requirements for plastic encapsulated solid-state devices for space applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

Test data were collected on 1035 plastic encapsulated devices and 75 hermetically scaled control group devices that were purchased from each of five different manufacturers in the categories of (1) low power Schottsky TTL (bipolar) digital circuits; (2) CMOS digital circuits; (3) operational amplifier linear circuits; and (4) NPN transistors. These parts were subjected to three different initial screening conditions, then to extended life testing, to determine any possible advantages or trends for any particular screen. Several tests were carried out in the areas of flammability testing, humidity testing, high pressure steam (auroclave) testing, and high temperature storage testing. Test results are presented. Procurement and application considerations for use of plastic encapsulated semiconductors are presented and a statistical analysis program written to study the log normal distributions resulting from life testing is concluded.

Applicant Reactions to a Situational Judgment Test Used for Selection into Initial Teacher Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klassen, Robert M.; Durksen, Tracy L.; Rowett, Emma; Patterson, Fiona

2014-01-01

We considered applicants' perceptions of the use of a pilot situational judgment test (SJT) designed for selection into primary and secondary teacher training programs in the UK. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 304 applicants (73% female) to two postgraduate (PGCE) training programs in the 2013-2014 application cycle.…

Development and use of interactive displays in real-time ground support research facilities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rhea, Donald C.; Hammons, Kvin R.; Malone, Jacqueline C.; Nesel, Michael C.

1989-01-01

The NASA Western Aeronautical Test Range (WATR) is one of the world's most advanced aeronautical research flight test support facilities. A variety of advanced and often unique real-time interactive displays has been developed for use in the mission control centers (MCC) to support research flight and ground testing. These dispalys consist of applications operating on systems described as real-time interactive graphics super workstations and real-time interactive PC/AT compatible workstations. This paper reviews these two types of workstations and the specific applications operating on each display system. The applications provide examples that demonstrate overall system capability applicable for use in other ground-based real-time research/test facilities.

NASA/Marshall's lithium battery applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Paschal, L. E.

1980-01-01

A general lithium battery is described and a summary of lithium battery applications is presented. Four aspects of a particular lithium battery, the inducement environmental contamination monitoring battery, are discussed-design and construction details, thermal vacuum tests, projection tests, and acceptance tests.

40 CFR 1042.840 - Application requirements for remanufactured engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... scheduled maintenance you did. (g) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the... as described in the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to... other basic parameters of the engine's design and emission controls. List the fuel type on which your...

40 CFR 1060.205 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... procedures you used (see § 1060.501). (d) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls... the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the... certification for gasoline or some other fuel type. List each distinguishable configuration in the emission...

40 CFR 59.623 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges specified in... application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements... PRODUCTS Control of Evaporative Emissions From New and In-Use Portable Fuel Containers Certifying Emission...

40 CFR 59.623 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges specified in... application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements... PRODUCTS Control of Evaporative Emissions From New and In-Use Portable Fuel Containers Certifying Emission...

40 CFR 1060.205 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... procedures you used (see § 1060.501). (d) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls... the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the... certification for gasoline or some other fuel type. List each distinguishable configuration in the emission...

40 CFR 1060.205 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... procedures you used (see § 1060.501). (d) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls... the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the... certification for gasoline or some other fuel type. List each distinguishable configuration in the emission...

40 CFR 1060.205 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... procedures you used (see § 1060.501). (d) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls... the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the... certification for gasoline or some other fuel type. List each distinguishable configuration in the emission...

40 CFR 59.623 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges specified in... application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements... PRODUCTS Control of Evaporative Emissions From New and In-Use Portable Fuel Containers Certifying Emission...

40 CFR 1042.840 - Application requirements for remanufactured engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... scheduled maintenance you did. (g) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the... as described in the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to... other basic parameters of the engine's design and emission controls. List the fuel type on which your...

40 CFR 59.623 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges specified in... application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements... PRODUCTS Control of Evaporative Emissions From New and In-Use Portable Fuel Containers Certifying Emission...

40 CFR 1042.840 - Application requirements for remanufactured engines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... scheduled maintenance you did. (g) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the... as described in the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to... other basic parameters of the engine's design and emission controls. List the fuel type on which your...

40 CFR 1060.205 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... procedures you used (see § 1060.501). (d) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls... the application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the... certification for gasoline or some other fuel type. List each distinguishable configuration in the emission...

40 CFR 59.623 - What must I include in my application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) List the specifications of the test fuel to show that it falls within the required ranges specified in... application (including the test procedures, test parameters, and test fuels) to show you meet the requirements... PRODUCTS Control of Evaporative Emissions From New and In-Use Portable Fuel Containers Certifying Emission...

Traveling-Wave Tube Cold-Test Circuit Optimization Using CST MICROWAVE STUDIO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chevalier, Christine T.; Kory, Carol L.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.; Wintucky, Edwin G.; Dayton, James A., Jr.

2003-01-01

The internal optimizer of CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (MWS) was used along with an application-specific Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) script to develop a method to optimize traveling-wave tube (TWT) cold-test circuit performance. The optimization procedure allows simultaneous optimization of circuit specifications including on-axis interaction impedance, bandwidth or geometric limitations. The application of Microwave Studio to TWT cold-test circuit optimization is described.

Experience with specifications applicable to certification. [of photovoltaic modules for large-scale application

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, R. G., Jr.

1982-01-01

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has developed a number of photovoltaic test and measurement specifications to guide the development of modules toward the requirements of future large-scale applications. Experience with these specifications and the extensive module measurement and testing that has accompanied their use is examined. Conclusions are drawn relative to three aspects of product certification: performance measurement, endurance testing and safety evaluation.

The medical examination in United States immigration applications: the potential use of genetic testing leads to heightened privacy concerns.

PubMed

Burroughs, A Maxwell

2005-01-01

The medical examination has been an integral part of the immigration application process since the passing of the Immigration Act of 1891. Failing the medical examination can result in denial of the application. Over the years the medical examination has been expanded to include questioning about diseases that are scientifically shown to be rooted in an individual's genetic makeup. Recent advances in the fields of genomics and bioinformatics are making accurate and precise screening for these conditions a reality. Government policymakers will soon be faced with decisions regarding whether or not to sanction the use of these newly-developed genetic tests in the immigration application procedure. The terror threat currently facing the United States may ultimately bolster the argument in favor of genetic testing and/or DNA collection of applicants. However, the possibility of a government mandate requiring genetic testing raises a host of ethical issues; including the threat of eugenics and privacy concerns. Genetic testing has the ability to uncover a wealth of sensitive medical information about an individual and currently there are no medical information privacy protections afforded to immigration applicants. This article examines the potential for genetic testing in the immigration application process and the ethical issues surrounding this testing. In particular, this article explores the existing framework of privacy protections afforded to individuals living in the United States and how this and newly-erected standards like those released by the Health and Human Services (HHS) might apply to individuals seeking to immigrate to the United States.

[Medical school admission test at the University of Goettingen - which applicants will benefit?].

PubMed

Simmenroth-Nayda, Anne; Meskauskas, Erik; Burckhardt, Gerhard; Görlich, Yvonne

2014-01-01

Medical schools in Germany may select 60% of the student applicants through their own admission tests. The influence of the school-leaving examination grades (EGs) in each of the procedural steps is controversial. At Goettingen Medical School, we combine a structured interview and a communicative skills assessment. We analysed how many applicants succeeded in our admission test, compared to a model which only takes EGs into account. Admission scores were transferred into SPSS-21. Sociodemographic data were submitted by the Stiftung Hochschulstart. Besides descriptive statistics, we used Pearson-correlation and means comparisons (t-test, analysis of variance). 221 applicants (EGs 1.0-1.9) were invited in the winter semester 2013/14 and 222 applicants (EGs 1.1-1.8) in the summer semester 2014. The proportion of women was 68% (winter) and 74% (summer). Sixteen and 37 applicants had a medical vocational training and performed slightly better. The analysis showed that our test was gender neutral. EGs did not correlate with interviews or skills assessment. Despite a two-fold impact of EGs, 26 (winter) and 44 (summer) of the overall 181 applicants had EGs of 1.4 -1.9, which would have been too low for admission otherwise. If EGs were only considered once, 40 (winter) and 59 (summer) applicants would have succeeded. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

40 CFR 75.20 - Initial certification and recertification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... all applicable initial certification tests under paragraph (c) of this section are completed by the... installed, initial certification is required. (1) Notification of initial certification test dates. The...) tests. (4) Certification (or recertification) application formal approval process. The Administrator...

40 CFR 75.20 - Initial certification and recertification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... all applicable initial certification tests under paragraph (c) of this section are completed by the... installed, initial certification is required. (1) Notification of initial certification test dates. The...) tests. (4) Certification (or recertification) application formal approval process. The Administrator...

40 CFR 75.20 - Initial certification and recertification procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... all applicable initial certification tests under paragraph (c) of this section are completed by the... installed, initial certification is required. (1) Notification of initial certification test dates. The...) tests. (4) Certification (or recertification) application formal approval process. The Administrator...

Human Factors for Nursing: From In-Situ Testing to Mobile Usability Engineering.

PubMed

Kushniruk, Andre W; Borycki, Elizabeth M; Solvoll, Terje; Hullin, Carola

2016-01-01

The tutorial goal is to familiarize participants with human aspects of health informatics and human-centered approaches to the design, evaluation and deployment of both usable and safe healthcare information systems. The focus will be on demonstrating and teaching practical and low-cost methods for evaluating mobile applications in nursing. Basic background to testing methods will be provided, followed by live demonstration of the methods. Then the audience will break into small groups to explore the application of the methods to applications of interest (there will be a number of possible applications that will be available for applications in areas such as electronic health records and decision support, however, if the groups have applications of specific interest to them that will be possible). The challenges of conducting usability testing, and in particular mobile usability testing will be discussed along with practical solutions. The target audience includes practicing nurses and nurse researchers, nursing informatics specialists, nursing students, nursing managers and health informatics professionals interested in improving the usability and safety of healthcare applications.

Multi-Purpose, Application-Centric, Scalable I/O Proxy Application

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miller, M. C.

2015-06-15

MACSio is a Multi-purpose, Application-Centric, Scalable I/O proxy application. It is designed to support a number of goals with respect to parallel I/O performance testing and benchmarking including the ability to test and compare various I/O libraries and I/O paradigms, to predict scalable performance of real applications and to help identify where improvements in I/O performance can be made within the HPC I/O software stack.

Applicator Training Manual for: Aerial Application of Pesticides.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Overhults, Douglas G.

This training manual discusses both the advantages and limitations of aerial application of pesticides. Other topics included are: agricultural aircraft equipment, dispersal accessories, drift control, calibration, spray testing, granular materials testing, operations, and personal safety. Safety check lists are given for pilots, ground crew, and…

Geographic Information System (Gis) for Culinary in Pekanbaru using Herversine Formula

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yunefri, Yogi; Devega, Mariza; Kristanto, Dwi

2017-12-01

Pekanbaru is one of a big city in Indonesia with 897.767 inhabitants’ population on 2010. There are various cultures of the population. That diversity presents the difference of culinary in Pekanbaru, so Pekanbaru be one of the cities which appropriate for culinary that give charm circumstance and worth to taste. One of the obstacles that often occur is the tourists still difficult to find the right and nice place to eat, close to tourism place and find information about culinary is difficult as well. Therefore a web-based GIS application built to give information about culinary in Pekanbaru. This application built through some steps, i.e. system analysis, design system, implementation, and testing. This application built using PHP as a programming language and harversine Formula as a method to fine the closest distance. After it built the application, the data of culinary tested used black box. The result shows that testing using this application is similar with the manual test. Thus the application has been built correctly.

Instrument for controlling the application of mechanical loads to biological and bicompatible test subjects

DOEpatents

Lintilhac, Phillip M.; Vesecky, Thompson B.

1995-01-01

Apparatus and methods are disclosed facilitating the application of forces and measurement of dimensions of a test subject. In one arrangement the test subject is coupled to a forcing frame and controlled forces applied thereto. Force applied to the test subject is measured and controlled. A dimensional characteristic of the test subject, such as growth, is measured by a linear variable differential transformer. The growth measurement data can be used to control the force applied. The transducer module receives force and dimensional data from the forcing frame. The transducer module is a separate, microprocessor-based unit that communicates the test data to a controller unit that controls the application of force to the test subject and receives the test data from the transducer module for force control, storage, and/or communication to the user.

Instrument for controlling the application of mechanical loads to biological and bicompatible test subjects

DOEpatents

Lintilhac, P.M.; Vesecky, T.B.

1995-09-19

An apparatus and methods are disclosed facilitating the application of forces and measurement of dimensions of a test subject. In one arrangement the test subject is coupled to a forcing frame and controlled forces applied thereto. Force applied to the test subject is measured and controlled. A dimensional characteristic of the test subject, such as growth, is measured by a linear variable differential transformer. The growth measurement data can be used to control the force applied. The transducer module receives force and dimensional data from the forcing frame. The transducer module is a separate, microprocessor-based unit that communicates the test data to a controller unit that controls the application of force to the test subject and receives the test data from the transducer module for force control, storage, and/or communication to the user. 8 figs.

G2 Autonomous Control for Cryogenic Delivery Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dito, Scott J.

2014-01-01

The Independent System Health Management-Autonomous Control (ISHM-AC) application development for cryogenic delivery systems is intended to create an expert system that will require minimal operator involvement and ultimately allow for complete autonomy when fueling a space vehicle in the time prior to launch. The G2-Autonomous Control project is the development of a model, simulation, and ultimately a working application that will control and monitor the cryogenic fluid delivery to a rocket for testing purposes. To develop this application, the project is using the programming language/environment Gensym G2. The environment is an all-inclusive application that allows development, testing, modeling, and finally operation of the unique application through graphical and programmatic methods. We have learned G2 through training classes and subsequent application development, and are now in the process of building the application that will soon be used to test on cryogenic loading equipment here at the Kennedy Space Center Cryogenics Test Laboratory (CTL). The G2 ISHM-AC application will bring with it a safer and more efficient propellant loading system for the future launches at Kennedy Space Center and eventually mobile launches from all over the world.

40 CFR Table 8 to Subpart Zzzz of... - Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart ZZZZ.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Conduct of performance tests and reduction of data Yes Subpart ZZZZ specifies test methods at § 63.6620... 114 of the CAA Yes. § 63.7(f) Alternative test method provisions Yes. § 63.7(g) Performance test data analysis, recordkeeping, and reporting Yes. § 63.7(h) Waiver of tests Yes. § 63.8(a)(1) Applicability of...

Current Trends on the Applicability of Ground Aerospace Materials Test Data to Space System Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hirsch, David B.

2010-01-01

This slide presentation discusses the application of testing aerospace materials to the environment of space for flammability. Test environments include use of drop towers, and the parabolic flight to simulate the low gravity environment of space.

The applicability of commercial glare test devices in the aeromedical certification of pilot applicants.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-08-01

In his FY 92/93 Annual Program Guidance and Current Policy Statement, the Federal Air Surgeon requested continued investigation of new testing modalities, such as glare vision testing, as to their relevance to medical certification. Glare sensitivity...

49 CFR 383.117 - Requirements for passenger endorsement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE STANDARDS; REQUIREMENTS AND PENALTIES Required Knowledge and Skills § 383.117... following additional knowledge and skills test requirements. (a) Knowledge test. All applicants for the... procedures not otherwise specified. (b) Skills test. To obtain a passenger endorsement applicable to a...

GROUND-WATER MODEL TESTING: SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION AND TESTING OF CODE FUNCTIONALITY AND PERFORMANCE

EPA Science Inventory

Effective use of ground-water simulation codes as management decision tools requires the establishment of their functionality, performance characteristics, and applicability to the problem at hand. This is accomplished through application of a systematic code-testing protocol and...