24 CFR 35.305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definitions and other general requirements. 35.305 Section 35.305 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES...

24 CFR 35.305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Definitions and other general requirements. 35.305 Section 35.305 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES...

24 CFR 35.205 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Definitions and other general requirements. 35.205 Section 35.205 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES...

24 CFR 35.205 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definitions and other general requirements. 35.205 Section 35.205 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES...

24 CFR 35.205 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Definitions and other general requirements. 35.205 Section 35.205 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES...

224. Photocopy of drawing (1963 structural drawing by General Dynamics/Astronautics) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

224. Photocopy of drawing (1963 structural drawing by General Dynamics/Astronautics) UMBILICAL MAST WIND DEFLECTOR REQUIRED FOR 206 PROGRAM, PAD, SHEET S-101 - Vandenberg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 3, Launch Pad 3 East, Napa & Alden Roads, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA

Nonparametric Estimation of Standard Errors in Covariance Analysis Using the Infinitesimal Jackknife

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennrich, Robert I.

2008-01-01

The infinitesimal jackknife provides a simple general method for estimating standard errors in covariance structure analysis. Beyond its simplicity and generality what makes the infinitesimal jackknife method attractive is that essentially no assumptions are required to produce consistent standard error estimates, not even the requirement that the…

26 CFR 157.6011-1 - General requirement of return, statement, or list.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 17 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General requirement of return, statement, or list. 157.6011-1 Section 157.6011-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS EXCISE TAXES (CONTINUED) EXCISE TAX ON STRUCTURED SETTLEMENT FACTORING...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

False belief and language comprehension in Cantonese-speaking children.

PubMed

Cheung, Him

2006-10-01

The current research compared two accounts of the relation between language and false belief in children, namely that (a) language is generally related to false belief because both require secondary representation in a social-interactional context and that (b) specific language structures that explicitly code metarepresentation contribute uniquely to the language-false belief relation. In three studies, attempts were made to correlate Cantonese-speaking children's false belief with their general language comprehension and understanding of certain structures that explicitly express metarepresentational knowledge. Results showed that these structures failed to predict false belief after age, nonverbal intelligence, and general language comprehension were considered. In contrast, general language remained predictive of false belief after controlling for age, nonverbal intelligence, and language structures. The current findings are more consistent with a general language account than a language structure account.

24 CFR 35.106 - Information collection requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.106 Information collection...

24 CFR 35.106 - Information collection requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.106 Information collection...

24 CFR 35.106 - Information collection requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.106 Information collection...

24 CFR 35.106 - Information collection requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.106 Information collection...

24 CFR 35.106 - Information collection requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.106 Information collection...

47 CFR 17.4 - Antenna structure registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Antenna structure registration. 17.4 Section 17... ANTENNA STRUCTURES General Information § 17.4 Antenna structure registration. (a) Effective July 1, 1996, the owner of any proposed or existing antenna structure that requires notice of proposed construction...

47 CFR 17.4 - Antenna structure registration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Antenna structure registration. 17.4 Section 17... ANTENNA STRUCTURES General Information § 17.4 Antenna structure registration. (a) Effective July 1, 1996, the owner of any proposed or existing antenna structure that requires notice of proposed construction...

29 CFR 1926.701 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... structure or portion of a concrete structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a person who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is capable of supporting the loads. (b) Reinforcing steel. All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into...

29 CFR 1926.701 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... structure or portion of a concrete structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a person who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is capable of supporting the loads. (b) Reinforcing steel. All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into...

29 CFR 1926.701 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... structure or portion of a concrete structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a person who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is capable of supporting the loads. (b) Reinforcing steel. All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into...

Roll Damping Derivatives from Generalized Lifting-Surface Theory and Wind Tunnel Forced-Oscillation Tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pototzky, Anthony S; Murphy, Patrick C.

2014-01-01

Improving aerodynamic models for adverse loss-of-control conditions in flight is an area being researched under the NASA Aviation Safety Program. Aerodynamic models appropriate for loss of control conditions require a more general mathematical representation to predict nonlinear unsteady behaviors. As more general aerodynamic models are studied that include nonlinear higher order effects, the possibility of measurements that confound aerodynamic and structural responses are probable. In this study an initial step is taken to look at including structural flexibility in analysis of rigid-body forced-oscillation testing that accounts for dynamic rig, sting and balance flexibility. Because of the significant testing required and associated costs in a general study, it makes sense to capitalize on low cost analytical methods where possible, especially where structural flexibility can be accounted for by a low cost method. This paper provides an initial look at using linear lifting surface theory applied to rigid-body aircraft roll forced-oscillation tests.

30 CFR 250.903 - What records must I keep?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SULPHUR OPERATIONS IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF Platforms and Structures General Requirements for... platform safety, structural reliability, or operating capabilities. Items such as steel brackets, deck...

33 CFR 67.01-15 - Classification of structures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Classification of structures. 67... AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-15 Classification of structures. (a) When will structures be assigned to a Class? The District...

Control of Flexible Structures (COFS) Flight Experiment Background and Description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hanks, B. R.

1985-01-01

A fundamental problem in designing and delivering large space structures to orbit is to provide sufficient structural stiffness and static configuration precision to meet performance requirements. These requirements are directly related to control requirements and the degree of control system sophistication available to supplement the as-built structure. Background and rationale are presented for a research study in structures, structural dynamics, and controls using a relatively large, flexible beam as a focus. This experiment would address fundamental problems applicable to large, flexible space structures in general and would involve a combination of ground tests, flight behavior prediction, and instrumented orbital tests. Intended to be multidisciplinary but basic within each discipline, the experiment should provide improved understanding and confidence in making design trades between structural conservatism and control system sophistication for meeting static shape and dynamic response/stability requirements. Quantitative results should be obtained for use in improving the validity of ground tests for verifying flight performance analyses.

24 CFR 583.300 - General operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true General operation. 583.300 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SUPPORTIVE HOUSING PROGRAM Program Requirements § 583.300 General operation... condition of the structure and the operation of the housing or services. (b) Habitability standards. Except...

24 CFR 583.300 - General operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false General operation. 583.300 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SUPPORTIVE HOUSING PROGRAM Program Requirements § 583.300 General operation... condition of the structure and the operation of the housing or services. (b) Habitability standards. Except...

24 CFR 583.300 - General operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false General operation. 583.300 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SUPPORTIVE HOUSING PROGRAM Program Requirements § 583.300 General operation... condition of the structure and the operation of the housing or services. (b) Habitability standards. Except...

24 CFR 583.300 - General operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true General operation. 583.300 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SUPPORTIVE HOUSING PROGRAM Program Requirements § 583.300 General operation... condition of the structure and the operation of the housing or services. (b) Habitability standards. Except...

Technology update: Tethered aerostat structural design and material developments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Witherow, R. G.

1975-01-01

Requirements exist for an extremely stable, high performance, all-weather tethered aerostat system. This requirement has been satisfied by a 250,000 cubic foot captive buoyant vehicle as demonstrated by over a year of successful field operations. This achievement required significant advancements in several technology areas including composite materials design, aerostatics and aerodynamics, structural design, electro-mechanical design, vehicle fabrication and mooring operations. This paper specifically addresses the materials and structural design aspects of pressurized buoyant vehicles as related to the general class of Lighter Than Air vehicles.

33 CFR 67.01-1 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-1 Scope. (a) The... maintained maritime aids to navigation on the artificial islands and structures which are erected on or over...

33 CFR 67.01-1 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-1 Scope. (a) The... maintained maritime aids to navigation on the artificial islands and structures which are erected on or over...

30 CFR 250.903 - What records must I keep?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Structures General Requirements for Platforms § 250.903 What records must I keep? (a) You must compile... capabilities. Items such as steel brackets, deck stiffeners and secondary braces or beams would not generally...

Exploration Planetary Surface Structural Systems: Design Requirements and Compliance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dorsey, John T.

2011-01-01

The Lunar Surface Systems Project developed system concepts that would be necessary to establish and maintain a permanent human presence on the Lunar surface. A variety of specific system implementations were generated as a part of the scenarios, some level of system definition was completed, and masses estimated for each system. Because the architecture studies generally spawned a large number of system concepts and the studies were executed in a short amount of time, the resulting system definitions had very low design fidelity. This paper describes the development sequence required to field a particular structural system: 1) Define Requirements, 2) Develop the Design and 3) Demonstrate Compliance of the Design to all Requirements. This paper also outlines and describes in detail the information and data that are required to establish structural design requirements and outlines the information that would comprise a planetary surface system Structures Requirements document.

Enhancing instruction scheduling with a block-structured ISA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Melvin, S.; Patt, Y.

It is now generally recognized that not enough parallelism exists within the small basic blocks of most general purpose programs to satisfy high performance processors. Thus, a wide variety of techniques have been developed to exploit instruction level parallelism across basic block boundaries. In this paper we discuss some previous techniques along with their hardware and software requirements. Then we propose a new paradigm for an instruction set architecture (ISA): block-structuring. This new paradigm is presented, its hardware and software requirements are discussed and the results from a simulation study are presented. We show that a block-structured ISA utilizes bothmore » dynamic and compile-time mechanisms for exploiting instruction level parallelism and has significant performance advantages over a conventional ISA.« less

Structure-Based Characterization of Multiprotein Complexes

PubMed Central

Wiederstein, Markus; Gruber, Markus; Frank, Karl; Melo, Francisco; Sippl, Manfred J.

2014-01-01

Summary Multiprotein complexes govern virtually all cellular processes. Their 3D structures provide important clues to their biological roles, especially through structural correlations among protein molecules and complexes. The detection of such correlations generally requires comprehensive searches in databases of known protein structures by means of appropriate structure-matching techniques. Here, we present a high-speed structure search engine capable of instantly matching large protein oligomers against the complete and up-to-date database of biologically functional assemblies of protein molecules. We use this tool to reveal unseen structural correlations on the level of protein quaternary structure and demonstrate its general usefulness for efficiently exploring complex structural relationships among known protein assemblies. PMID:24954616

Extracting and shaping the light of OLED devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riedel, Daniel; Dlugosch, Julian; Wehlus, Thomas; Brabec, Christoph

2015-09-01

Before the market entry of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) into the field of general illumination can occur, limitations in lifetime, luminous efficacy and cost must be overcome. Additional requirements for OLEDs used for general illumination may be imposed by workplace glare reduction requirements, which demand limited luminance for high viewing angles. These requirements contrast with the typical lambertian emission characteristics of OLEDs, which result in the same luminance levels for all emission angles. As a consequence, without additional measures glare reduction could limit the maximum possible luminance of lambertian OLEDs to relatively low levels. However, high luminance levels are still desirable in order to obtain high light output. We are presenting solutions to overcome this dilemma. Therefore this work is focused on light-shaping structures for OLEDs with an internal light extraction layer. Simulations of beam-shaping structures and shapes are presented, followed by experimental measurements to verify the simulations of the most promising structures. An investigation of the loss channels has been carried out and the overall optical system efficiency was evaluated for all structures. The most promising light shaping structures achieve system efficiencies up to 80%. Finally, a general illumination application scenario has been simulated. The number of OLEDs needed to illuminate an office room has been deduced from this scenario. By using light-shaping structures for OLEDs, the number of OLEDs needed to reach the mandatory illuminance level for a workplace environment can be reduced to one third compared to lambertian OLEDs.

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... system shall satisfy the requirements for toughness specified in subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have...

Structural verification for GAS experiments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Peden, Mark Daniel

1992-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to assist the Get Away Special (GAS) experimenter in conducting a thorough structural verification of its experiment structural configuration, thus expediting the structural review/approval process and the safety process in general. Material selection for structural subsystems will be covered with an emphasis on fasteners (GSFC fastener integrity requirements) and primary support structures (Stress Corrosion Cracking requirements and National Space Transportation System (NSTS) requirements). Different approaches to structural verifications (tests and analyses) will be outlined especially those stemming from lessons learned on load and fundamental frequency verification. In addition, fracture control will be covered for those payloads that utilize a door assembly or modify the containment provided by the standard GAS Experiment Mounting Plate (EMP). Structural hazard assessment and the preparation of structural hazard reports will be reviewed to form a summation of structural safety issues for inclusion in the safety data package.

14 CFR 23.307 - Proof of structure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Proof of structure. 23.307 Section 23.307... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure General § 23.307 Proof of structure. (a) Compliance with the strength and deformation requirements of § 23.305 must be shown for each...

33 CFR 67.10-10 - Operating requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Operating requirements. 67.10-10 Section 67.10-10 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.10-10 - Operating requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Operating requirements. 67.10-10 Section 67.10-10 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.10-5 - Location requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Location requirements. 67.10-5 Section 67.10-5 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.05-25 - Special lighting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Special lighting requirements. 67.05-25 Section 67.05-25 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements...

33 CFR 67.05-25 - Special lighting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special lighting requirements. 67.05-25 Section 67.05-25 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements...

Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions for a Metascreen—A Fishnet Metasurface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holloway, Christopher L.; Kuester, Edward F.

2018-05-01

We used a multiple-scale homogenization method to derive generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) for electromagnetic fields at the surface of a metascreen---a metasurface with a "fishnet" structure. These surfaces are characterized by periodically-spaced arbitrary-shaped apertures in an otherwise relatively impenetrable surface. The parameters in these GSTCs are interpreted as effective surface susceptibilities and surface porosities, which are related to the geometry of the apertures that constitute the metascreen. Finally, we emphasize the subtle but important difference between the GSTCs required for metascreens and those required for metafilms (a metasurface with a "cermet" structure, i.e., an array of isolated (non-touching) scatterers).

40 CFR 86.406-78 - Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Introduction, structure of subpart..., structure of subpart, further information. (a) This subpart contains general provisions regulating the... discrete concepts are addressed: (1) Requirements. Sections 86.407 to 86.415. (2) Application for...

40 CFR 86.406-78 - Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Introduction, structure of subpart..., structure of subpart, further information. (a) This subpart contains general provisions regulating the... discrete concepts are addressed: (1) Requirements. Sections 86.407 to 86.415. (2) Application for...

40 CFR 86.406-78 - Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Introduction, structure of subpart..., structure of subpart, further information. (a) This subpart contains general provisions regulating the... discrete concepts are addressed: (1) Requirements. Sections 86.407 to 86.415. (2) Application for...

40 CFR 86.406-78 - Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 18 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Introduction, structure of subpart..., structure of subpart, further information. (a) This subpart contains general provisions regulating the... discrete concepts are addressed: (1) Requirements. Sections 86.407 to 86.415. (2) Application for...

40 CFR 86.406-78 - Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Introduction, structure of subpart..., structure of subpart, further information. (a) This subpart contains general provisions regulating the... discrete concepts are addressed: (1) Requirements. Sections 86.407 to 86.415. (2) Application for...

33 CFR 67.01-15 - Classification of structures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Classification of structures. 67.01-15 Section 67.01-15 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements...

44 CFR 209.10 - Project implementation requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... to match elevation or acquisition and relocation projects. Increased Cost of Compliance claims can... new structure(s) will be built on the property except as indicated in this paragraph: (A) A public... of FEMA approves in writing before the construction of the structure begins. (D) In general...

44 CFR 209.10 - Project implementation requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... to match elevation or acquisition and relocation projects. Increased Cost of Compliance claims can... new structure(s) will be built on the property except as indicated in this paragraph: (A) A public... of FEMA approves in writing before the construction of the structure begins. (D) In general...

44 CFR 209.10 - Project implementation requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... to match elevation or acquisition and relocation projects. Increased Cost of Compliance claims can... new structure(s) will be built on the property except as indicated in this paragraph: (A) A public... of FEMA approves in writing before the construction of the structure begins. (D) In general...

44 CFR 209.10 - Project implementation requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... to match elevation or acquisition and relocation projects. Increased Cost of Compliance claims can... new structure(s) will be built on the property except as indicated in this paragraph: (A) A public... of FEMA approves in writing before the construction of the structure begins. (D) In general...

44 CFR 209.10 - Project implementation requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... to match elevation or acquisition and relocation projects. Increased Cost of Compliance claims can... new structure(s) will be built on the property except as indicated in this paragraph: (A) A public... of FEMA approves in writing before the construction of the structure begins. (D) In general...

Analyzing The Effect of Skin Postbuckling on General Stresses, Strains and Stability of Composite Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zamula, G. N.; Ierusalimsky, K. M.; Kalmykova, G. S.; Fomin, V. P.

1998-01-01

The present paper is a final technical report within the NCCW-1-233 research program (dated June 1, 1997) accomplished as a part of co-operation between United States' NASA and Russia's Goskomoboronprom in aeronautics, and continues similar NCCW-73 and NCC-1-233 programs accomplished in 1996 and 1997, respectively. The report concludes studies in two domains, "Analyzing the effect of skin postbuckling on general stresses and strains in a composite structure" and "Evaluating the effect of skin postbuckling behavior on general stability of a composite structure"; the work was fulfilled in compliance with NCC-1-233 requirements (as of June 1, 1997). Also, the present studies may be regarded as a partial generalization of efforts in [1, 2] conducted within the above programs in what concerns postbuckling behavior of composite structures.

Generic functional requirements for a NASA general-purpose data base management system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lohman, G. M.

1981-01-01

Generic functional requirements for a general-purpose, multi-mission data base management system (DBMS) for application to remotely sensed scientific data bases are detailed. The motivation for utilizing DBMS technology in this environment is explained. The major requirements include: (1) a DBMS for scientific observational data; (2) a multi-mission capability; (3) user-friendly; (4) extensive and integrated information about data; (5) robust languages for defining data structures and formats; (6) scientific data types and structures; (7) flexible physical access mechanisms; (8) ways of representing spatial relationships; (9) a high level nonprocedural interactive query and data manipulation language; (10) data base maintenance utilities; (11) high rate input/output and large data volume storage; and adaptability to a distributed data base and/or data base machine configuration. Detailed functions are specified in a top-down hierarchic fashion. Implementation, performance, and support requirements are also given.

Structure-based characterization of multiprotein complexes.

PubMed

Wiederstein, Markus; Gruber, Markus; Frank, Karl; Melo, Francisco; Sippl, Manfred J

2014-07-08

Multiprotein complexes govern virtually all cellular processes. Their 3D structures provide important clues to their biological roles, especially through structural correlations among protein molecules and complexes. The detection of such correlations generally requires comprehensive searches in databases of known protein structures by means of appropriate structure-matching techniques. Here, we present a high-speed structure search engine capable of instantly matching large protein oligomers against the complete and up-to-date database of biologically functional assemblies of protein molecules. We use this tool to reveal unseen structural correlations on the level of protein quaternary structure and demonstrate its general usefulness for efficiently exploring complex structural relationships among known protein assemblies. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Real time software tools and methodologies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Christofferson, M. J.

1981-01-01

Real time systems are characterized by high speed processing and throughput as well as asynchronous event processing requirements. These requirements give rise to particular implementations of parallel or pipeline multitasking structures, of intertask or interprocess communications mechanisms, and finally of message (buffer) routing or switching mechanisms. These mechanisms or structures, along with the data structue, describe the essential character of the system. These common structural elements and mechanisms are identified, their implementation in the form of routines, tasks or macros - in other words, tools are formalized. The tools developed support or make available the following: reentrant task creation, generalized message routing techniques, generalized task structures/task families, standardized intertask communications mechanisms, and pipeline and parallel processing architectures in a multitasking environment. Tools development raise some interesting prospects in the areas of software instrumentation and software portability. These issues are discussed following the description of the tools themselves.

Low-authority control synthesis for large space structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aubrun, J. N.; Margulies, G.

1982-01-01

The control of vibrations of large space structures by distributed sensors and actuators is studied. A procedure is developed for calculating the feedback loop gains required to achieve specified amounts of damping. For moderate damping (Low Authority Control) the procedure is purely algebraic, but it can be applied iteratively when larger amounts of damping are required and is generalized for arbitrary time invariant systems.

Space Operations Center System Analysis: Requirements for a Space Operations Center, revision A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woodcock, G. R.

1982-01-01

The system and program requirements for a space operations center as defined by systems analysis studies are presented as a guide for future study and systems definition. Topics covered include general requirements for safety, maintainability, and reliability, service and habitat modules, the health maintenance facility; logistics modules; the docking tunnel; and subsystem requirements (structures, electrical power, environmental control/life support; extravehicular activity; data management; communications and tracking; docking/berthing; flight control/propulsion; and crew support). Facilities for flight support, construction, satellite and mission servicing, and fluid storage are included as well as general purpose support equipment.

7 CFR 3560.405 - Borrower organizational structure or ownership interest changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Servicing § 3560.405 Borrower organizational structure or ownership interest changes. (a) General. The requirements of this section apply to changes in a borrower entity's organizational structure or to a change in... organizational change. The request must document that the proposed changes will not adversely affect the program...

12 CFR 614.4510 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Requirements; State Agricultural Loan Mediation Programs; Right of First Refusal § 614.4510 General. Direct... for maintaining control, for the proper analysis of such data, and prompt action as needed; (ii... objectives, financing programs, organizational structure, and operating methods, and appropriate analysis of...

24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

Airfoil profiles for minimum pressure drag at supersonic velocities -- general analysis with application to linearized supersonic flow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chapman, Dean R

1952-01-01

A theoretical investigation is made of the airfoil profile for minimum pressure drag at zero lift in supersonic flow. In the first part of the report a general method is developed for calculating the profile having the least pressure drag for a given auxiliary condition, such as a given structural requirement or a given thickness ratio. The various structural requirements considered include bending strength, bending stiffness, torsional strength, and torsional stiffness. No assumption is made regarding the trailing-edge thickness; the optimum value is determined in the calculations as a function of the base pressure. To illustrate the general method, the optimum airfoil, defined as the airfoil having minimum pressure drag for a given auxiliary condition, is calculated in a second part of the report using the equations of linearized supersonic flow.

A general panel sizing computer code and its application to composite structural panels

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, M. S.; Stroud, W. J.

1978-01-01

A computer code for obtaining the dimensions of optimum (least mass) stiffened composite structural panels is described. The procedure, which is based on nonlinear mathematical programming and a rigorous buckling analysis, is applicable to general cross sections under general loading conditions causing buckling. A simplified method of accounting for bow-type imperfections is also included. Design studies in the form of structural efficiency charts for axial compression loading are made with the code for blade and hat stiffened panels. The effects on panel mass of imperfections, material strength limitations, and panel stiffness requirements are also examined. Comparisons with previously published experimental data show that accounting for imperfections improves correlation between theory and experiment.

A general graphical user interface for automatic reliability modeling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liceaga, Carlos A.; Siewiorek, Daniel P.

1991-01-01

Reported here is a general Graphical User Interface (GUI) for automatic reliability modeling of Processor Memory Switch (PMS) structures using a Markov model. This GUI is based on a hierarchy of windows. One window has graphical editing capabilities for specifying the system's communication structure, hierarchy, reconfiguration capabilities, and requirements. Other windows have field texts, popup menus, and buttons for specifying parameters and selecting actions. An example application of the GUI is given.

Structure and catalytic activation of the TRIM23 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase: DAWIDZIAK et al.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dawidziak, Daria M.; Sanchez, Jacint G.; Wagner, Jonathan M.

Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins comprise a large family of RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligases that regulate important biological processes. An emerging general model is that TRIMs form elongated antiparallel coiled-coil dimers that prevent interaction of the two attendant RING domains. The RING domains themselves bind E2 conjugating enzymes as dimers, implying that an active TRIM ligase requires higher-order oligomerization of the basal coiled-coil dimers. Here, we report crystal structures of the TRIM23 RING domain in isolation and in complex with an E2–ubiquitin conjugate. Our results indicate that TRIM23 enzymatic activity requires RING dimerization, consistent with the general model of TRIM activation.

Establishment of design criteria for acceptable failure modes and fail safe considerations for the space shuttle structural system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Westrup, R. W.

1971-01-01

The application of general design approaches for preventing failures due to repeated load cycles is briefly discussed. Program objective, mission requirements, and structural design criteria are summarized. Discrete structural elements and associated sections were selected for detailed strength, fatigue, and fracture mechanics investigations.

Fracture control procedures for aircraft structural integrity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, H. A.

1972-01-01

The application of applied fracture mechanics in the design, analysis, and qualification of aircraft structural systems are reviewed. Recent service experiences are cited. Current trends in high-strength materials application are reviewed with particular emphasis on the manner in which fracture toughness and structural efficiency may affect the material selection process. General fracture control procedures are reviewed in depth with specific reference to the impact of inspectability, structural arrangement, and material on proposed analysis requirements for safe crack growth. The relative impact on allowable design stress is indicated by example. Design criteria, material, and analysis requirements for implementation of fracture control procedures are reviewed together with limitations in current available data techniques. A summary of items which require further study and attention is presented.

40 CFR 717.15 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... REACTIONS TO HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT General Provisions § 717.15 Recordkeeping requirements. (a... significant adverse reactions alleged to have been caused by chemical substances or mixtures manufactured or... structure. Records must be retrievable by the alleged cause of the significant adverse reaction, which cause...

40 CFR 717.15 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... REACTIONS TO HEALTH OR THE ENVIRONMENT General Provisions § 717.15 Recordkeeping requirements. (a... significant adverse reactions alleged to have been caused by chemical substances or mixtures manufactured or... structure. Records must be retrievable by the alleged cause of the significant adverse reaction, which cause...

24 CFR 35.120 - Options.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements... are required by this part, the designated party has the option to presume that lead-based paint or...

24 CFR 35.120 - Options.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements... are required by this part, the designated party has the option to presume that lead-based paint or...

24 CFR 35.120 - Options.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements... are required by this part, the designated party has the option to presume that lead-based paint or...

24 CFR 35.120 - Options.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements... are required by this part, the designated party has the option to presume that lead-based paint or...

Engine-induced structural-borne noise in a general aviation aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Unruh, J. F.; Scheidt, D. C.; Pomerening, D. J.

1979-01-01

Structural borne interior noise in a single engine general aviation aircraft was studied to determine the importance of engine induced structural borne noise and to determine the necessary modeling requirements for the prediction of structural borne interior noise. Engine attached/detached ground test data show that engine induced structural borne noise is a primary interior noise source for the single engine test aircraft, cabin noise is highly influenced by responses at the propeller tone, and cabin acoustic resonances can influence overall noise levels. Results from structural and acoustic finite element coupled models of the test aircraft show that wall flexibility has a strong influence on fundamental cabin acoustic resonances, the lightweight fuselage structure has a high modal density, and finite element analysis procedures are appropriate for the prediction of structural borne noise.

Generalized Information Architecture for Managing Requirements in IBM?s Rational DOORS(r) Application.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aragon, Kathryn M.; Eaton, Shelley M.; McCornack, Marjorie Turner

When a requirements engineering effort fails to meet expectations, often times the requirements management tool is blamed. Working with numerous project teams at Sandia National Laboratories over the last fifteen years has shown us that the tool is rarely the culprit; usually it is the lack of a viable information architecture with well- designed processes to support requirements engineering. This document illustrates design concepts with rationale, as well as a proven information architecture to structure and manage information in support of requirements engineering activities for any size or type of project. This generalized information architecture is specific to IBM's Rationalmore » DOORS (Dynamic Object Oriented Requirements System) software application, which is the requirements management tool in Sandia's CEE (Common Engineering Environment). This generalized information architecture can be used as presented or as a foundation for designing a tailored information architecture for project-specific needs. It may also be tailored for another software tool. Version 1.0 4 November 201« less

General base-general acid catalysis by terpenoid cyclases.

PubMed

Pemberton, Travis A; Christianson, David W

2016-07-01

Terpenoid cyclases catalyze the most complex reactions in biology, in that more than half of the substrate carbon atoms often undergo changes in bonding during the course of a multistep cyclization cascade that proceeds through multiple carbocation intermediates. Many cyclization mechanisms require stereospecific deprotonation and reprotonation steps, and most cyclization cascades are terminated by deprotonation to yield an olefin product. The first bacterial terpenoid cyclase to yield a crystal structure was pentalenene synthase from Streptomyces exfoliatus UC5319. This cyclase generates the hydrocarbon precursor of the pentalenolactone family of antibiotics. The structures of pentalenene synthase and other terpenoid cyclases reveal predominantly nonpolar active sites typically lacking amino acid side chains capable of serving general base-general acid functions. What chemical species, then, enables the Brønsted acid-base chemistry required in the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes? The most likely candidate for such general base-general acid chemistry is the co-product inorganic pyrophosphate. Here, we briefly review biological and nonbiological systems in which phosphate and its derivatives serve general base and general acid functions in catalysis. These examples highlight the fact that the Brønsted acid-base activities of phosphate derivatives are comparable to the Brønsted acid-base activities of amino acid side chains.

General Base-General Acid Catalysis by Terpenoid Cyclases§

PubMed Central

Pemberton, Travis A.; Christianson, David W.

2016-01-01

Terpenoid cyclases catalyze the most complex reactions in biology, in that more than half of the substrate carbon atoms often undergo changes in bonding during the course of a multistep cyclization cascade that proceeds through multiple carbocation intermediates. Many cyclization mechanisms require stereospecific deprotonation and reprotonation steps, and most cyclization cascades are terminated by deprotonation to yield an olefin product. The first bacterial terpenoid cyclase to yield a crystal structure was pentalenene synthase from Streptomyces exfoliatus UC5319. This cyclase generates the hydrocarbon precursor of the pentalenolactone family of antibiotics. The structures of pentalenene synthase and other terpenoid cyclases reveal predominantly nonpolar active sites typically lacking amino acid side chains capable of serving general base-general acid functions. What chemical species, then, enables the Brønsted acid-base chemistry required in the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes? The most likely candidate for such general base-general acid chemistry is the co-product inorganic pyrophosphate. Here, we briefly review biological and nonbiological systems in which phosphate and its derivatives serve general base and general acid functions in catalysis. These examples highlight the fact that the Brønsted acid-base activities of phosphate derivatives are comparable to the Brønsted acid-base activities of amino acid side chains. PMID:27072285

The Equivalence of Precession Phenomena in Metric Theories of Gravity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Krisher, Timothy P.

1997-01-01

The requirement of general covariance imparts to metric theories of gravity, such as general relavity, important structural features. A precise mathematical form results, ensuring that computation of observable physical effects in the theory gives the same answers independently of the chosen system of coordinates.

Theoretical and software considerations for nonlinear dynamic analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmidt, R. J.; Dodds, R. H., Jr.

1983-01-01

In the finite element method for structural analysis, it is generally necessary to discretize the structural model into a very large number of elements to accurately evaluate displacements, strains, and stresses. As the complexity of the model increases, the number of degrees of freedom can easily exceed the capacity of present-day software system. Improvements of structural analysis software including more efficient use of existing hardware and improved structural modeling techniques are discussed. One modeling technique that is used successfully in static linear and nonlinear analysis is multilevel substructuring. This research extends the use of multilevel substructure modeling to include dynamic analysis and defines the requirements for a general purpose software system capable of efficient nonlinear dynamic analysis. The multilevel substructuring technique is presented, the analytical formulations and computational procedures for dynamic analysis and nonlinear mechanics are reviewed, and an approach to the design and implementation of a general purpose structural software system is presented.

24 CFR 35.155 - Minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Minimum requirements. 35.155 Section 35.155 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint...

24 CFR 35.155 - Minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Minimum requirements. 35.155 Section 35.155 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint...

24 CFR 35.155 - Minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Minimum requirements. 35.155 Section 35.155 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint...

24 CFR 35.155 - Minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Minimum requirements. 35.155 Section 35.155 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint...

24 CFR 35.155 - Minimum requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Minimum requirements. 35.155 Section 35.155 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint...

Computer Center: 2 HyperCard Stacks for Biology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duhrkopf, Richard, Ed.

1989-01-01

Two Hypercard stacks are reviewed including "Amino Acids," created to help students associate amino acid names with their structures, and "DNA Teacher," a tutorial on the structure and function of DNA. Availability, functions, hardware requirements, and general comments on these stacks are provided. (CW)

Structural analyses for the modification and verification of the Viking aeroshell

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stephens, W. B.; Anderson, M. S.

1976-01-01

The Viking aeroshell is an extremely lightweight flexible shell structure that has undergone thorough buckling analyses in the course of its development. The analytical tools and modeling technique required to reveal the structural behavior are presented. Significant results are given which illustrate the complex failure modes not usually observed in simple models and analyses. Both shell-of-revolution analysis for the pressure loads and thermal loads during entry and a general shell analysis for concentrated tank loads during launch were used. In many cases fixes or alterations to the structure were required, and the role of the analytical results in determining these modifications is indicated.

Improvement of structural models using covariance analysis and nonlinear generalized least squares

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Glaser, R. J.; Kuo, C. P.; Wada, B. K.

1992-01-01

The next generation of large, flexible space structures will be too light to support their own weight, requiring a system of structural supports for ground testing. The authors have proposed multiple boundary-condition testing (MBCT), using more than one support condition to reduce uncertainties associated with the supports. MBCT would revise the mass and stiffness matrix, analytically qualifying the structure for operation in space. The same procedure is applicable to other common test conditions, such as empty/loaded tanks and subsystem/system level tests. This paper examines three techniques for constructing the covariance matrix required by nonlinear generalized least squares (NGLS) to update structural models based on modal test data. The methods range from a complicated approach used to generate the simulation data (i.e., the correct answer) to a diagonal matrix based on only two constants. The results show that NGLS is very insensitive to assumptions about the covariance matrix, suggesting that a workable NGLS procedure is possible. The examples also indicate that the multiple boundary condition procedure more accurately reduces errors than individual boundary condition tests alone.

Basis of Accreditation for Educational Programs in Designated Health Science Professions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canadian Medical Association, Ottawa (Ontario).

Designed as a guide to accreditation for educational programs in designated health science professions in Canada, this report provides educators with guidelines, general requirements, and requirements for specific programs. Following information on the organization, structure, goals, mission, values, philosophy, and terminology of accreditation of…

18 CFR 33.2 - Contents of application-general information requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... post-transaction corporate structures (including any pending authorized but not implemented changes.... (b) The name and address of the person authorized to receive notices and communications regarding the... that the proposed transaction does not affect the corporate structure of any party to the transaction...

18 CFR 33.2 - Contents of application-general information requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... post-transaction corporate structures (including any pending authorized but not implemented changes... that the proposed transaction does not affect the corporate structure of any party to the transaction... application); (5) The identity of common officers or directors of parties to the proposed transaction (to be...

18 CFR 33.2 - Contents of application-general information requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... post-transaction corporate structures (including any pending authorized but not implemented changes... that the proposed transaction does not affect the corporate structure of any party to the transaction... application); (5) The identity of common officers or directors of parties to the proposed transaction (to be...

18 CFR 33.2 - Contents of application-general information requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... post-transaction corporate structures (including any pending authorized but not implemented changes... that the proposed transaction does not affect the corporate structure of any party to the transaction... application); (5) The identity of common officers or directors of parties to the proposed transaction (to be...

18 CFR 33.2 - Contents of application-general information requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... post-transaction corporate structures (including any pending authorized but not implemented changes... that the proposed transaction does not affect the corporate structure of any party to the transaction... application); (5) The identity of common officers or directors of parties to the proposed transaction (to be...

An Assessment of the Methods Used to Determine Resource Requirements for Enlisted Initial Entry Training.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

policy and force structure to insure currency with changes which occur too late to be considered in the PIA process. The Active Army requirements plus...Army Trainees) Outputs Inputs General Skill Training 60,632 70,220 General Intelligence Skill Training 1,406 1,496 Crypto /SIGNINT Related Skill...Skill Training: Manpower = 352 + .234 W - CRYPTO /SIGINT Skill Training: Manpower = 486 + .237 W o Air Force (HQ USAF and ATC formula): A Instructors A

Positive and Negative Numbers: Level I, Unit 6, Lesson 1; States of Matter: Lesson 2; Properties and Measures of Matter: Lesson 3; Energy, Matter, Theory and Law: Lesson 4; The Particles and Structure of Matter: Lesson 5. Advanced General Education Program. A High School Self-Study Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Job Corps.

An advanced General Education Program has been designed to prepare an individual with the information concepts, and general knowledge required to successfully pass the American Council on Education's High School General Education Development (GED) Test. The Advanced General Education Program provides comprehensive self-instruction in each of the…

NASA Requirements for Ground-Based Pressure Vessels and Pressurized Systems (PVS). Revision C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Greulich, Owen Rudolf

2017-01-01

The purpose of this document is to ensure the structural integrity of PVS through implementation of a minimum set of requirements for ground-based PVS in accordance with this document, NASA Policy Directive (NPD) 8710.5, NASA Safety Policy for Pressure Vessels and Pressurized Systems, NASA Procedural Requirements (NPR) 8715.3, NASA General Safety Program Requirements, applicable Federal Regulations, and national consensus codes and standards (NCS).

30 CFR 77.403 - Mobile equipment; falling object protective structures (FOPS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... which meet the requirements of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J 231 shall be..., forklift or powered industrial trucks shall be provided with substantial FOPS. Such FOPS shall meet the requirements of the State of California, Division of Industrial Safety, General Safety Orders, Register 72...

Basis of Accreditation for Educational Programs in Allied Medical Disciplines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canadian Medical Association, Ottawa (Ontario).

Designed as a guide to accreditation for educational programs in the allied medical disciplines in Canada, this report provides educators with guidelines, general requirements and requirements for specific programs. Following information on the organization, structure, goals and terminology of accreditation of allied medical programs in Canada,…

30 CFR 77.403 - Mobile equipment; falling object protective structures (FOPS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... which meet the requirements of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J 231 shall be..., forklift or powered industrial trucks shall be provided with substantial FOPS. Such FOPS shall meet the requirements of the State of California, Division of Industrial Safety, General Safety Orders, Register 72...

Simulation Higher Order Language Requirements Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodenough, John B.; Braun, Christine L.

The definitions provided for high order language (HOL) requirements for programming flight training simulators are based on the analysis of programs written for a variety of simulators. Examples drawn from these programs are used to justify the need for certain HOL capabilities. A description of the general structure and organization of the…

18 CFR 401.39 - Form of submission of projects not requiring prior approval by State or Federal agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... applicable; (2) General map showing specific location and dimension of a structural project, or specific...-structural project; (5) Written report of the applicant's engineer showing the proposed plan of operation of a structural project; (6) Map of any lands to be acquired or occupied; (7) Estimate of the cost of...

Time simulation of flutter with large stiffness changes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karpel, M.; Wieseman, C. D.

1992-01-01

Time simulation of flutter, involving large local structural changes, is formulated with a state-space model that is based on a relatively small number of generalized coordinates. Free-free vibration modes are first calculated for a nominal finite-element model with relatively large fictitious masses located at the area of structural changes. A low-frequency subset of these modes is then transformed into a set of structural modal coordinates with which the entire simulation is performed. These generalized coordinates and the associated oscillatory aerodynamic force coefficient matrices are used to construct an efficient time-domain, state-space model for basic aeroelastic case. The time simulation can then be performed by simply changing the mass, stiffness and damping coupling terms when structural changes occur. It is shown that the size of the aeroelastic model required for time simulation with large structural changes at a few a priori known locations is similar to that required for direct analysis of a single structural case. The method is applied to the simulation of an aeroelastic wind-tunnel model. The diverging oscillations are followed by the activation of a tip-ballast decoupling mechanism that stabilizes the system but may cause significant transient overshoots.

Time simulation of flutter with large stiffness changes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karpel, Mordechay; Wieseman, Carol D.

1992-01-01

Time simulation of flutter, involving large local structural changes, is formulated with a state-space model that is based on a relatively small number of generalized coordinates. Free-free vibration modes are first calculated for a nominal finite-element model with relatively large fictitious masses located at the area of structural changes. A low-frequency subset of these modes is then transformed into a set of structural modal coordinates with which the entire simulation is performed. These generalized coordinates and the associated oscillatory aerodynamic force coefficient matrices are used to construct an efficient time-domain, state-space model for a basic aeroelastic case. The time simulation can then be performed by simply changing the mass, stiffness, and damping coupling terms when structural changes occur. It is shown that the size of the aeroelastic model required for time simulation with large structural changes at a few apriori known locations is similar to that required for direct analysis of a single structural case. The method is applied to the simulation of an aeroelastic wind-tunnel model. The diverging oscillations are followed by the activation of a tip-ballast decoupling mechanism that stabilizes the system but may cause significant transient overshoots.

Cognitive Control over Learning: Creating, Clustering, and Generalizing Task-Set Structure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collins, Anne G. E.; Frank, Michael J.

2013-01-01

Learning and executive functions such as task-switching share common neural substrates, notably prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Understanding how they interact requires studying how cognitive control facilitates learning but also how learning provides the (potentially hidden) structure, such as abstract rules or task-sets, needed for…

29 CFR 1910.22 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... mechanical handling equipment is used, sufficient safe clearances shall be allowed for aisles, at loading.... (d) Floor loading protection. (1) In every building or other structure, or part thereof, used for... roof of a building or other structure a load greater than that for which such floor or roof is approved...

29 CFR 1910.22 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... mechanical handling equipment is used, sufficient safe clearances shall be allowed for aisles, at loading.... (d) Floor loading protection. (1) In every building or other structure, or part thereof, used for... roof of a building or other structure a load greater than that for which such floor or roof is approved...

29 CFR 1910.22 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... mechanical handling equipment is used, sufficient safe clearances shall be allowed for aisles, at loading.... (d) Floor loading protection. (1) In every building or other structure, or part thereof, used for... roof of a building or other structure a load greater than that for which such floor or roof is approved...

10 CFR 63.112 - Requirements for preclosure safety analysis of the geologic repository operations area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... emergency power to instruments, utility service systems, and operating systems important to safety if there... include: (a) A general description of the structures, systems, components, equipment, and process... of the performance of the structures, systems, and components to identify those that are important to...

10 CFR 63.112 - Requirements for preclosure safety analysis of the geologic repository operations area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... emergency power to instruments, utility service systems, and operating systems important to safety if there... include: (a) A general description of the structures, systems, components, equipment, and process... of the performance of the structures, systems, and components to identify those that are important to...

10 CFR 63.112 - Requirements for preclosure safety analysis of the geologic repository operations area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... emergency power to instruments, utility service systems, and operating systems important to safety if there... include: (a) A general description of the structures, systems, components, equipment, and process... of the performance of the structures, systems, and components to identify those that are important to...

10 CFR 63.112 - Requirements for preclosure safety analysis of the geologic repository operations area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... emergency power to instruments, utility service systems, and operating systems important to safety if there... include: (a) A general description of the structures, systems, components, equipment, and process... of the performance of the structures, systems, and components to identify those that are important to...

Proceedings of the Workshop on Applications of Distributed System Theory to the Control of Large Space Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rodriguez, G. (Editor)

1983-01-01

Two general themes in the control of large space structures are addressed: control theory for distributed parameter systems and distributed control for systems requiring spatially-distributed multipoint sensing and actuation. Topics include modeling and control, stabilization, and estimation and identification.

Palingol: a declarative programming language to describe nucleic acids' secondary structures and to scan sequence database.

PubMed Central

Billoud, B; Kontic, M; Viari, A

1996-01-01

At the DNA/RNA level, biological signals are defined by a combination of spatial structures and sequence motifs. Until now, few attempts had been made in writing general purpose search programs that take into account both sequence and structure criteria. Indeed, the most successful structure scanning programs are usually dedicated to particular structures and are written using general purpose programming languages through a complex and time consuming process where the biological problem of defining the structure and the computer engineering problem of looking for it are intimately intertwined. In this paper, we describe a general representation of structures, suitable for database scanning, together with a programming language, Palingol, designed to manipulate it. Palingol has specific data types, corresponding to structural elements-basically helices-that can be arranged in any way to form a complex structure. As a consequence of the declarative approach used in Palingol, the user should only focus on 'what to search for' while the language engine takes care of 'how to look for it'. Therefore, it becomes simpler to write a scanning program and the structural constraints that define the required structure are more clearly identified. PMID:8628670

Organisational capacity and chronic disease care: an Australian general practice perspective.

PubMed

Proudfoot, Judith; Infante, Fernando; Holton, Christine; Powell-Davies, Gawaine; Bubner, Tanya; Beilby, Justin; Harris, Mark

2007-04-01

Although we are rapidly improving our understanding of how to manage patients with chronic illness in Australian general practice, many patients are still receiving suboptimal care. General practices have limited organisational capacity to provide the structured care that is required for managing chronic conditions: regular monitoring, decision support, patient recall, supporting patient self management, team work, and information management. This requires a shift away from episodic, acute models. Overseas research has shown that areas such as team work, clinical information systems, decision support, linkages and leadership are also important in managing chronic illness, but we do not know which of these are most important in Australia.

30 CFR 816.61 - Use of explosives: General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...,000 feet of any building used as a dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area; or (ii) 500 feet of an active or abandoned underground mine. (2... dimensions, and the location and general description of structures to be protected, as well as a discussion...

Back from the Brink: Harvard Gets it Right. Carnegie Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ehrlich, Tom

2007-01-01

Eighteen months after soundly criticizing a new Harvard general education that proposed to abandon the concept of a structured general education, substituting a minimum distribution requirement under which students could choose a few courses from hundreds offered by the faculty, the writer applauds the shift, encouraged by interim president Derek…

33 CFR 67.01-5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-5..., drilling barges submerged on location, breakwater barges submerged on location, artificial islands and all...

33 CFR 67.01-5 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-5..., drilling barges submerged on location, breakwater barges submerged on location, artificial islands and all...

Multilocality and fusion rules on the generalized structure functions in two-dimensional and three-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence.

PubMed

Gkioulekas, Eleftherios

2016-09-01

Using the fusion-rules hypothesis for three-dimensional and two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence, we generalize a previous nonperturbative locality proof to multiple applications of the nonlinear interactions operator on generalized structure functions of velocity differences. We call this generalization of nonperturbative locality to multiple applications of the nonlinear interactions operator "multilocality." The resulting cross terms pose a new challenge requiring a new argument and the introduction of a new fusion rule that takes advantage of rotational symmetry. Our main result is that the fusion-rules hypothesis implies both locality and multilocality in both the IR and UV limits for the downscale energy cascade of three-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence and the downscale enstrophy cascade and inverse energy cascade of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence. We stress that these claims relate to nonperturbative locality of generalized structure functions on all orders and not the term-by-term perturbative locality of diagrammatic theories or closure models that involve only two-point correlation and response functions.

CIRCAL-2 - General-purpose on-line circuit design.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dertouzos, M. L.; Jessel, G. P.; Stinger, J. R.

1972-01-01

CIRCAL-2 is a second-generation general-purpose on-line circuit-design program with the following main features: (1) multiple-analysis capability; (2) uniform and general data structures for handling text editing, network representations, and output results, regardless of analysis; (3) special techniques and structures for minimizing and controlling user-program interaction; (4) use of functionals for the description of hysteresis and heat effects; and (5) ability to define optimization procedures that 'replace' the user. The paper discusses the organization of CIRCAL-2, the aforementioned main features, and their consequences, such as a set of network elements and models general enough for most analyses and a set of functions tailored to circuit-design requirements. The presentation is descriptive, concentrating on conceptual rather than on program implementation details.

24 CFR 3280.901 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS Transportation § 3280.901 Scope. Subpart J of this standard covers the general requirement for designing the structure of the manufactured home to fully withstand...

Comparison of Requirements for Composite Structures for Aircraft and Space Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Raju, Ivatury S.; Elliott, Kenny B.; Hampton, Roy W.; Knight, Norman F., Jr.; Aggarwal, Pravin; Engelstad, Stephen P.; Chang, James B.

2010-01-01

In this paper, the aircraft and space vehicle requirements for composite structures are compared. It is a valuable exercise to study composite structural design approaches used in the airframe industry, and to adopt methodology that is applicable for space vehicles. The missions, environments, analysis methods, analysis validation approaches, testing programs, build quantities, inspection, and maintenance procedures used by the airframe industry, in general, are not transferable to spaceflight hardware. Therefore, while the application of composite design approaches from other industries is appealing, many aspects cannot be directly utilized. Nevertheless, experiences and research for composite aircraft structures may be of use in unexpected arenas as space exploration technology develops, and so continued technology exchanges are encouraged.

Hybrid Grid Techniques for Propulsion Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Koomullil, Roy P.; Soni, Bharat K.; Thornburg, Hugh J.

1996-01-01

During the past decade, computational simulation of fluid flow for propulsion activities has progressed significantly, and many notable successes have been reported in the literature. However, the generation of a high quality mesh for such problems has often been reported as a pacing item. Hence, much effort has been expended to speed this portion of the simulation process. Several approaches have evolved for grid generation. Two of the most common are structured multi-block, and unstructured based procedures. Structured grids tend to be computationally efficient, and have high aspect ratio cells necessary for efficently resolving viscous layers. Structured multi-block grids may or may not exhibit grid line continuity across the block interface. This relaxation of the continuity constraint at the interface is intended to ease the grid generation process, which is still time consuming. Flow solvers supporting non-contiguous interfaces require specialized interpolation procedures which may not ensure conservation at the interface. Unstructured or generalized indexing data structures offer greater flexibility, but require explicit connectivity information and are not easy to generate for three dimensional configurations. In addition, unstructured mesh based schemes tend to be less efficient and it is difficult to resolve viscous layers. Recently hybrid or generalized element solution and grid generation techniques have been developed with the objective of combining the attractive features of both structured and unstructured techniques. In the present work, recently developed procedures for hybrid grid generation and flow simulation are critically evaluated, and compared to existing structured and unstructured procedures in terms of accuracy and computational requirements.

On the Model-Based Bootstrap with Missing Data: Obtaining a "P"-Value for a Test of Exact Fit

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savalei, Victoria; Yuan, Ke-Hai

2009-01-01

Evaluating the fit of a structural equation model via bootstrap requires a transformation of the data so that the null hypothesis holds exactly in the sample. For complete data, such a transformation was proposed by Beran and Srivastava (1985) for general covariance structure models and applied to structural equation modeling by Bollen and Stine…

24 CFR 35.1305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES Methods and Standards for Lead-Paint Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Reduction Activities § 35.1305...

24 CFR 35.1305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES Methods and Standards for Lead-Paint Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Reduction Activities § 35.1305...

24 CFR 35.1305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES Methods and Standards for Lead-Paint Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Reduction Activities § 35.1305...

24 CFR 35.1305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES Methods and Standards for Lead-Paint Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Reduction Activities § 35.1305...

24 CFR 35.1305 - Definitions and other general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES Methods and Standards for Lead-Paint Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Reduction Activities § 35.1305...

Run-time scheduling and execution of loops on message passing machines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crowley, Kay; Saltz, Joel; Mirchandaney, Ravi; Berryman, Harry

1989-01-01

Sparse system solvers and general purpose codes for solving partial differential equations are examples of the many types of problems whose irregularity can result in poor performance on distributed memory machines. Often, the data structures used in these problems are very flexible. Crucial details concerning loop dependences are encoded in these structures rather than being explicitly represented in the program. Good methods for parallelizing and partitioning these types of problems require assignment of computations in rather arbitrary ways. Naive implementations of programs on distributed memory machines requiring general loop partitions can be extremely inefficient. Instead, the scheduling mechanism needs to capture the data reference patterns of the loops in order to partition the problem. First, the indices assigned to each processor must be locally numbered. Next, it is necessary to precompute what information is needed by each processor at various points in the computation. The precomputed information is then used to generate an execution template designed to carry out the computation, communication, and partitioning of data, in an optimized manner. The design is presented for a general preprocessor and schedule executer, the structures of which do not vary, even though the details of the computation and of the type of information are problem dependent.

Run-time scheduling and execution of loops on message passing machines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Saltz, Joel; Crowley, Kathleen; Mirchandaney, Ravi; Berryman, Harry

1990-01-01

Sparse system solvers and general purpose codes for solving partial differential equations are examples of the many types of problems whose irregularity can result in poor performance on distributed memory machines. Often, the data structures used in these problems are very flexible. Crucial details concerning loop dependences are encoded in these structures rather than being explicitly represented in the program. Good methods for parallelizing and partitioning these types of problems require assignment of computations in rather arbitrary ways. Naive implementations of programs on distributed memory machines requiring general loop partitions can be extremely inefficient. Instead, the scheduling mechanism needs to capture the data reference patterns of the loops in order to partition the problem. First, the indices assigned to each processor must be locally numbered. Next, it is necessary to precompute what information is needed by each processor at various points in the computation. The precomputed information is then used to generate an execution template designed to carry out the computation, communication, and partitioning of data, in an optimized manner. The design is presented for a general preprocessor and schedule executer, the structures of which do not vary, even though the details of the computation and of the type of information are problem dependent.

Rotor systems research aircraft predesign study. Volume 4: Preliminary draft detail specification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, A. N.; Linden, A. W.

1972-01-01

The RSRA requirements are presented in a detail specification format. Coverage of the requirements includes the following headings: (1) aircraft characteristics, (2) general features of design and construction, (3) aerodynamics, (4) structural design criteria, (5) flight control system, (6) propulsion subsystem, and (7) secondary power and distribution subsystem.

24 CFR 35.170 - Noncompliance with the requirements of subparts B through R of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs... who informs a potential purchaser or occupant of lead-based paint or possible lead-based paint hazards...

24 CFR 35.170 - Noncompliance with the requirements of subparts B through R of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs... who informs a potential purchaser or occupant of lead-based paint or possible lead-based paint hazards...

24 CFR 35.170 - Noncompliance with the requirements of subparts B through R of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs... who informs a potential purchaser or occupant of lead-based paint or possible lead-based paint hazards...

24 CFR 35.170 - Noncompliance with the requirements of subparts B through R of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs... who informs a potential purchaser or occupant of lead-based paint or possible lead-based paint hazards...

24 CFR 35.170 - Noncompliance with the requirements of subparts B through R of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs... who informs a potential purchaser or occupant of lead-based paint or possible lead-based paint hazards...

30 CFR 77.216 - Water, sediment, or slurry impoundments and impounding structures; general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Water, sediment, or slurry impoundments and... WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Surface Installations § 77.216 Water, sediment, or slurry... structures which impound water, sediment, or slurry shall be required if such an existing or proposed...

30 CFR 77.216 - Water, sediment, or slurry impoundments and impounding structures; general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Water, sediment, or slurry impoundments and... WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Surface Installations § 77.216 Water, sediment, or slurry... structures which impound water, sediment, or slurry shall be required if such an existing or proposed...

Computer-aided design of antenna structures and components

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Levy, R.

1976-01-01

This paper discusses computer-aided design procedures for antenna reflector structures and related components. The primary design aid is a computer program that establishes cross sectional sizes of the structural members by an optimality criterion. Alternative types of deflection-dependent objectives can be selected for designs subject to constraints on structure weight. The computer program has a special-purpose formulation to design structures of the type frequently used for antenna construction. These structures, in common with many in other areas of application, are represented by analytical models that employ only the three translational degrees of freedom at each node. The special-purpose construction of the program, however, permits coding and data management simplifications that provide advantages in problem size and execution speed. Size and speed are essentially governed by the requirements of structural analysis and are relatively unaffected by the added requirements of design. Computation times to execute several design/analysis cycles are comparable to the times required by general-purpose programs for a single analysis cycle. Examples in the paper illustrate effective design improvement for structures with several thousand degrees of freedom and within reasonable computing times.

A note on implementation of decaying product correlation structures for quasi-least squares.

PubMed

Shults, Justine; Guerra, Matthew W

2014-08-30

This note implements an unstructured decaying product matrix via the quasi-least squares approach for estimation of the correlation parameters in the framework of generalized estimating equations. The structure we consider is fairly general without requiring the large number of parameters that are involved in a fully unstructured matrix. It is straightforward to show that the quasi-least squares estimators of the correlation parameters yield feasible values for the unstructured decaying product structure. Furthermore, subject to conditions that are easily checked, the quasi-least squares estimators are valid for longitudinal Bernoulli data. We demonstrate implementation of the structure in a longitudinal clinical trial with both a continuous and binary outcome variable. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Guidelines for composite materials research related to general aviation aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dow, N. F.; Humphreys, E. A.; Rosen, B. W.

1983-01-01

Guidelines for research on composite materials directed toward the improvement of all aspects of their applicability for general aviation aircraft were developed from extensive studies of their performance, manufacturability, and cost effectiveness. Specific areas for research and for manufacturing development were identified and evaluated. Inputs developed from visits to manufacturers were used in part to guide these evaluations, particularly in the area of cost effectiveness. Throughout the emphasis was to direct the research toward the requirements of general aviation aircraft, for which relatively low load intensities are encountered, economy of production is a prime requirement, and yet performance still commands a premium. A number of implications regarding further directions for developments in composites to meet these requirements also emerged from the studies. Chief among these is the need for an integrated (computer program) aerodynamic/structures approach to aircraft design.

Reference manual for a Requirements Specification Language (RSL), version 2.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fisher, Gene L.; Cohen, Gerald C.

1993-01-01

This report is a Reference Manual for a general-purpose Requirements Specification Language, RSL. The purpose of RSL is to specify precisely the external structure of a mechanized system and to define requirements that the system must meet. A system can be comprised of a mixture of hardware, software, and human processing elements. RSL is a hybrid of features found in several popular requirements specification languages and includes constructs for formal mathematical specification.

Electronic Excitation in Molecular Collisions: Structural, Dynamic and Kinetic Considerations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

electronically excited species are examined. The problem is studied both in general terms (i.e., the development of the required theoretical framework ) and in application to specific systems. (Author)

Electronic Excitation in Molecular Collisions: Structural, Dynamic and Kinetic Considerations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

electronically excited species are examined. The problem is studied both in general terms (i.e., the development of the required theoretical framework ) and in application to specific systems. (Author)

Electronic Excitation in Molecular Collisions: Structural, Dynamic and Kinetic Considerations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-09-01

electronically excited species are examined. The problem is studied both in general terms (i.e., the development of the required theoretical framework ) and in application to specific systems. (Author)

Electronic Excitation in Molecular Collisions: Structural, Dynamic and Kinetic Considerations.

DTIC Science & Technology

electronically excited specied are examined. The problem is studied both in general terms (i.e., the development of the required theoretical framework ) and in application to specific systems. (Author)

Rapid iterative reanalysis for automated design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhatia, K. G.

1973-01-01

A method for iterative reanalysis in automated structural design is presented for a finite-element analysis using the direct stiffness approach. A basic feature of the method is that the generalized stiffness and inertia matrices are expressed as functions of structural design parameters, and these generalized matrices are expanded in Taylor series about the initial design. Only the linear terms are retained in the expansions. The method is approximate because it uses static condensation, modal reduction, and the linear Taylor series expansions. The exact linear representation of the expansions of the generalized matrices is also described and a basis for the present method is established. Results of applications of the present method to the recalculation of the natural frequencies of two simple platelike structural models are presented and compared with results obtained by using a commonly applied analysis procedure used as a reference. In general, the results are in good agreement. A comparison of the computer times required for the use of the present method and the reference method indicated that the present method required substantially less time for reanalysis. Although the results presented are for relatively small-order problems, the present method will become more efficient relative to the reference method as the problem size increases. An extension of the present method to static reanalysis is described, ana a basis for unifying the static and dynamic reanalysis procedures is presented.

Primordial Evolution in the Finitary Process Soup

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Görnerup, Olof; Crutchfield, James P.

A general and basic model of primordial evolution—a soup of reacting finitary and discrete processes—is employed to identify and analyze fundamental mechanisms that generate and maintain complex structures in prebiotic systems. The processes—ɛ-machines as defined in computational mechanics—and their interaction networks both provide well defined notions of structure. This enables us to quantitatively demonstrate hierarchical self-organization in the soup in terms of complexity. We found that replicating processes evolve the strategy of successively building higher levels of organization by autocatalysis. Moreover, this is facilitated by local components that have low structural complexity, but high generality. In effect, the finitary process soup spontaneously evolves a selection pressure that favors such components. In light of the finitary process soup's generality, these results suggest a fundamental law of hierarchical systems: global complexity requires local simplicity.

Influence of cross section variations on the structural behaviour of composite rotor blades

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rapp, Helmut; Woerndle, Rudolf

1991-09-01

A highly sophisticated structural analysis is required for helicopter rotor blades with nonhomogeneous cross sections made from nonisotropic material. Combinations of suitable analytical techniques with FEM-based techniques permit a cost effective and sufficiently accurate analysis of these complicated structures. It is determined that in general the 1D engineering theory of bending combined with 2D theories for determining the cross section properties is sufficient to describe the structural blade behavior.

Field-induced assembly of colloidal ellipsoids into well-defined microtubules

PubMed Central

Crassous, Jérôme J.; Mihut, Adriana M.; Wernersson, Erik; Pfleiderer, Patrick; Vermant, Jan; Linse, Per; Schurtenberger, Peter

2014-01-01

Current theoretical attempts to understand the reversible formation of stable microtubules and virus shells are generally based on shape-specific building blocks or monomers, where the local curvature of the resulting structure is explicitly built-in via the monomer geometry. Here we demonstrate that even simple ellipsoidal colloids can reversibly self-assemble into regular tubular structures when subjected to an alternating electric field. Supported by model calculations, we discuss the combined effects of anisotropic shape and field-induced dipolar interactions on the reversible formation of self-assembled structures. Our observations show that the formation of tubular structures through self-assembly requires much less geometrical and interaction specificity than previously thought, and advance our current understanding of the minimal requirements for self-assembly into regular virus-like structures. PMID:25409686

Computer Aided Synthesis or Measurement Schemes for Telemetry applications

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-09-02

5.2.5. Frame structure generation The algorithm generating the frame structure should take as inputs the sampling frequency requirements of the channels...these channels into the frame structure. Generally there can be a lot of ways to divide channels among groups. The algorithm implemented in...groups) first. The algorithm uses the function "try_permutation" recursively to distribute channels among the groups, and the function "try_subtable

Comparison of Requirements for Composite Structures for Aircraft and Space Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Raju, Ivatury S.; Elliot, Kenny B.; Hampton, Roy W.; Knight, Norman F., Jr.; Aggarwal, Pravin; Engelstad, Stephen P.; Chang, James B.

2010-01-01

In this report, the aircraft and space vehicle requirements for composite structures are compared. It is a valuable exercise to study composite structural design approaches used in the airframe industry and to adopt methodology that is applicable for space vehicles. The missions, environments, analysis methods, analysis validation approaches, testing programs, build quantities, inspection, and maintenance procedures used by the airframe industry, in general, are not transferable to spaceflight hardware. Therefore, while the application of composite design approaches from aircraft and other industries is appealing, many aspects cannot be directly utilized. Nevertheless, experiences and research for composite aircraft structures may be of use in unexpected arenas as space exploration technology develops, and so continued technology exchanges are encouraged.

Receiver subsystem analysis report (RADL Item 4-1). The 10-MWe solar thermal central-receiver pilot plant: Solar-facilities design integration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1982-04-01

The results of thermal hydraulic, design for the stress analyses which are required to demonstrate that the receiver design for the Barstow Solar Pilot Plant satisfies the general design and performance requirements during the plant's design life are presented. Recommendations are made for receiver operation. The analyses are limited to receiver subsystem major structural parts (primary tower, receiver unit core support structure), pressure parts (absorber panels, feedwater, condensate and steam piping/components, flash tank, and steam mainfold) and shielding.

40 CFR 122.26 - Storm water discharges (applicable to State NPDES programs, see § 123.25).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... controls are not needed based on a TMDL or, for non-impaired waters that do not require a TMDL, an... applied; the location and a description of existing structural and non-structural control measures to... controls would be those suitable to the site conditions and consistent with generally accepted engineering...

Development of Robotics Applications in a Solid Propellant Mixing Laboratory

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

implementation of robotic hardware and software into a laboratory environment requires a carefully structured series of phases which examines, in...strategy. The general methodology utilized in this project is discussed in Appendix A. The proposed laboratory robotics development program was structured ...Accessibility - Potential modifications - Safety precautions e) Robot Transport - Slider mechanisms - Linear tracks - Gantry configuration - Mobility f

The Equivalence of Precession Phenomena in Metric Theories of Gravity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Krisher, Timothy P.

1996-01-01

The requirement of general covariance imparts to metric theories of gravity, such as general relativity, important structural features. A precise mathematical form results, ensuring that computation of observable physical effects in the theory gives the same answers independently of the chosen system of coordinates. This coordinate independence property, in turn, can lead to an equivalence of apparently different physical effects.

What limits the achievable areal densities of large aperture space telescopes?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peterson, Lee D.; Hinkle, Jason D.

2005-08-01

This paper examines requirements trades involving areal density for large space telescope mirrors. A segmented mirror architecture is used to define a quantitative example that leads to relevant insight about the trades. In this architecture, the mirror consists of segments of non-structural optical elements held in place by a structural truss that rests behind the segments. An analysis is presented of the driving design requirements for typical on-orbit loads and ground-test loads. It is shown that the driving on-orbit load would be the resonance of the lowest mode of the mirror by a reaction wheel static unbalance. The driving ground-test load would be dynamics due to ground-induced random vibration. Two general conclusions are derived from these results. First, the areal density that can be allocated to the segments depends on the depth allocated to the structure. More depth in the structure allows the allocation of more mass to the segments. This, however, leads to large structural depth that might be a significant development challenge. Second, the requirement for ground-test-ability results in an order of magnitude or more depth in the structure than is required by the on-orbit loads. This leads to the proposition that avoiding ground test as a driving requirement should be a fundamental technology on par with the provision of deployable depth. Both are important structural challenges for these future systems.

From bacteria to elephants: Effects of land-use legacies on biodiversity and ecosystem structure in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem: Chapter 8

USGS Publications Warehouse

Verchot, Louis V.; Ward, Naomi L.; Belnap, Jayne; Bossio, Deborah; Coughenour, Michael; Gibson, John; Hanotte, Olivier; Muchiru, Andrew N.; Phillips, Susan L.; Steven, Blaire; Wall, Diana H.; Reid, Robin S.

2015-01-01

Generally, ecological research has considered the aboveground and belowground components of ecosystems separately. Consequently, frameworks for integrating the two components are not well developed. Integrating the microbial components into ecosystem ecology requires different approaches from those offered by plant ecology, partly because of the scales at which microbial processes operate and partly because of measurement constraints. Studies have begun to relate microbial community structure to ecosystem function. results suggest that excluding people and livestock from the MMNR, or preventing heavier livestock from grazing around settlements, may not change the general structure of the ecosystem (soils, plant structure), but can change the numbers and diversity of wildlife, nematodes and microbes in this ecosystem in subtle ways.

Development of flame-resistant structures for use in the Apollo and Skylab programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coskren, R. J.

1973-01-01

Flame-resistant materials have been designed and fabricated to meet certain end-use criteria established by NASA with emphasis on meeting established flammability standards. The program had three general phases: (1) fabrication of candidate sample structures for evaluation by the Structures and Mechanics Division and/or NASA contractors; (2) physical testing of the structures developed; and (3) supply of required quantities of specific items for fabrication into prototype and/or flight items for the Apollo and Skylab programs.

Interactive Finite Elements for General Engine Dynamics Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adams, M. L.; Padovan, J.; Fertis, D. G.

1984-01-01

General nonlinear finite element codes were adapted for the purpose of analyzing the dynamics of gas turbine engines. In particular, this adaptation required the development of a squeeze-film damper element software package and its implantation into a representative current generation code. The ADINA code was selected because of prior use of it and familiarity with its internal structure and logic. This objective was met and the results indicate that such use of general purpose codes is viable alternative to specialized codes for general dynamics analysis of engines.

The New ROSIE Reference Manual and User’s Guide

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

control structures found in most symbolic languages Features such as rulesets and the pattern matcher blend with the naturalness of ROSIE’s English-like...tasks and does not embody any particular problem-solving techniques or paradigms. Because of its "general-purpose" flavor, it is less structured and... structure . Some operations required special arguments, others performed actions that were considered expedient in n programming language. As the number of

Design of a composite wing extension for a general aviation aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adney, P. S.; Horn, W. J.

1984-01-01

A composite wing extension was designed for a typical general aviation aircraft to improve lift curve slope, dihedral effect, and lift to drag ratio. Advanced composite materials were used in the design to evaluate their use as primary structural components in general aviation aircraft. Extensive wind tunnel tests were used to evaluate six extension shapes. The extension shape chosen as the best choice was 28 inches long with a total area of 17 square feet. Subsequent flight tests showed the wing extension's predicted aerodynamic improvements to be correct. The structural design of the wing extension consisted of a hybrid laminate carbon core with outer layers of Kevlar - layed up over a foam interior which acted as an internal support. The laminate skin of the wing extension was designed from strength requirements, and the foam core was included to prevent buckling. A joint lap was recommended to attach the wing extension to the main wing structure.

The structure of the market for physicians' services.

PubMed Central

McLean, R A

1980-01-01

In this paper, structural equations for the supply of and the demand for general practitioners' services are derived. Two variants of the model, based on alternative specifications of the role of health insurance, are tested, using data drawn from the American Medical Association's Eighth Periodic Survey of Physicians (PSP8). While results of the estimation require the rejection of the hypothesis that the market for general practitioners' service is perfectly competitive, the elasticities of demand implied are quite high. Estimates of the supply relationships support the presence of "backward bending" supplies of physicians' services, but this finding should be interpreted cautiously. PMID:7204064

Hybrid state vector methods for structural dynamic and aeroelastic boundary value problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lehman, L. L.

1982-01-01

A computational technique is developed that is suitable for performing preliminary design aeroelastic and structural dynamic analyses of large aspect ratio lifting surfaces. The method proves to be quite general and can be adapted to solving various two point boundary value problems. The solution method, which is applicable to both fixed and rotating wing configurations, is based upon a formulation of the structural equilibrium equations in terms of a hybrid state vector containing generalized force and displacement variables. A mixed variational formulation is presented that conveniently yields a useful form for these state vector differential equations. Solutions to these equations are obtained by employing an integrating matrix method. The application of an integrating matrix provides a discretization of the differential equations that only requires solutions of standard linear matrix systems. It is demonstrated that matrix partitioning can be used to reduce the order of the required solutions. Results are presented for several example problems in structural dynamics and aeroelasticity to verify the technique and to demonstrate its use. These problems examine various types of loading and boundary conditions and include aeroelastic analyses of lifting surfaces constructed from anisotropic composite materials.

Development of a Superconducting Magnet System for the ONR/General Atomics Homopolar Motor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaubel, K. M.; Langhorn, A. R.; Creedon, W. P.; Johanson, N. W.; Sheynin, S.; Thome, R. J.

2006-04-01

This paper describes the design, testing and operational experience of a superconducting magnet system presently in use on the Homopolar Motor Program. The homopolar motor is presently being tested at General Atomics in San Diego, California for the U.S Navy Office of Naval Research. The magnet system consists of two identical superconducting solenoid coils housed in two cryostats mounted integrally within the homopolar motor housing. The coils provide the static magnetic field required for motor operation and are wound using NbTi superconductor in a copper matrix. Each magnet is conduction cooled using a Gifford McMahon cryocooler. The coils are in close proximity to the iron motor housing requiring a cold to warm support structure with high stiffness and strength. The design of the coils, cold to warm support structure, cryogenic system, and the overall magnet system design will be described. The test results and operational experience will also be described.

Shock wave calibration of under-expanded natural gas fuel jets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

White, T. R.; Milton, B. E.

2008-10-01

Natural gas, a fuel abundant in nature, cannot be used by itself in conventional diesel engines because of its low cetane number. However, it can be used as the primary fuel with ignition by a pilot diesel spray. This is called dual-fuelling. The gas may be introduced either into the inlet manifold or, preferably, directly into the cylinder where it is injected as a short duration, intermittent, sonic jet. For accurate delivery in the latter case, a constant flow-rate from the injector is required into the constantly varying pressure in the cylinder. Thus, a sonic (choked) jet is required which is generally highly under-expanded. Immediately at the nozzle exit, a shock structure develops which can provide essential information about the downstream flow. This shock structure, generally referred to as a “barrel” shock, provides a key to understanding the full injection process. It is examined both experimentally and numerically in this paper.

Some design constraints required for the assembly of software components: The incorporation of atomic abstract types into generically structured abstract types

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, Charles S.

1986-01-01

It is nearly axiomatic, that to take the greatest advantage of the useful features available in a development system, and to avoid the negative interactions of those features, requires the exercise of a design methodology which constrains their use. A major design support feature of the Ada language is abstraction: for data, functions processes, resources, and system elements in general. Atomic abstract types can be created in packages defining those private types and all of the overloaded operators, functions, and hidden data required for their use in an application. Generically structured abstract types can be created in generic packages defining those structured private types, as buildups from the user-defined data types which are input as parameters. A study is made of the design constraints required for software incorporating either atomic or generically structured abstract types, if the integration of software components based on them is to be subsequently performed. The impact of these techniques on the reusability of software and the creation of project-specific software support environments is also discussed.

Modeling and simulation of a Stewart platform type parallel structure robot

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lim, Gee Kwang; Freeman, Robert A.; Tesar, Delbert

1989-01-01

The kinematics and dynamics of a Stewart Platform type parallel structure robot (NASA's Dynamic Docking Test System) were modeled using the method of kinematic influence coefficients (KIC) and isomorphic transformations of system dependence from one set of generalized coordinates to another. By specifying the end-effector (platform) time trajectory, the required generalized input forces which would theoretically yield the desired motion were determined. It was found that the relationship between the platform motion and the actuators motion was nonlinear. In addition, the contribution to the total generalized forces, required at the actuators, from the acceleration related terms were found to be more significant than the velocity related terms. Hence, the curve representing the total required actuator force generally resembled the curve for the acceleration related force. Another observation revealed that the acceleration related effective inertia matrix I sub dd had the tendency to decouple, with the elements on the main diagonal of I sub dd being larger than the off-diagonal elements, while the velocity related inertia power array P sub ddd did not show such tendency. This tendency results in the acceleration related force curve of a given actuator resembling the acceleration profile of that particular actuator. Furthermore, it was indicated that the effective inertia matrix for the legs is more decoupled than that for the platform. These observations provide essential information for further research to develop an effective control strategy for real-time control of the Dynamic Docking Test System.

Data collection framework for energy efficient privacy preservation in wireless sensor networks having many-to-many structures.

PubMed

Bahşi, Hayretdin; Levi, Albert

2010-01-01

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) generally have a many-to-one structure so that event information flows from sensors to a unique sink. In recent WSN applications, many-to-many structures evolved due to the need for conveying collected event information to multiple sinks. Privacy preserved data collection models in the literature do not solve the problems of WSN applications in which network has multiple un-trusted sinks with different level of privacy requirements. This study proposes a data collection framework bases on k-anonymity for preventing record disclosure of collected event information in WSNs. Proposed method takes the anonymity requirements of multiple sinks into consideration by providing different levels of privacy for each destination sink. Attributes, which may identify an event owner, are generalized or encrypted in order to meet the different anonymity requirements of sinks at the same anonymized output. If the same output is formed, it can be multicasted to all sinks. The other trivial solution is to produce different anonymized outputs for each sink and send them to related sinks. Multicasting is an energy efficient data sending alternative for some sensor nodes. Since minimization of energy consumption is an important design criteria for WSNs, multicasting the same event information to multiple sinks reduces the energy consumption of overall network.

DTFM Modeling and Analysis Method for Gossamer Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fang, Hou-Fei; Lou, Michael; Broduer, Steve (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

Gossamer systems are mostly composed of support structures formed by highly flexible, long tubular elements and pre-tensioned thin-film membranes. These systems offer order-of-magnitude reductions in mass and launch volume and will revolutionize the architecture and design of space flight systems that require large in-orbit configurations and apertures. A great interest has been generated in recent years to fly gossamer systems on near-term and future space missions. Modeling and analysis requirements for gossamer structures are unique. Simulation of in-space performance issues of gossamer structures, such as inflation deployment of flexible booms, formation and effects of wrinkle in tensioned membranes, synthesis of tubular and membrane elements into a complete structural system, usually cannot be accomplished by using the general-purpose finite-element structural analysis codes. This has led to the need of structural modeling and analysis capabilities specifically suitable for gossamer structures. The Distributed Transfer Function Method (DTFM) can potentially meet this urgent need. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Color is processed less efficiently than orientation in change detection but more efficiently in visual search.

PubMed

Huang, Liqiang

2015-05-01

Basic visual features (e.g., color, orientation) are assumed to be processed in the same general way across different visual tasks. Here, a significant deviation from this assumption was predicted on the basis of the analysis of stimulus spatial structure, as characterized by the Boolean-map notion. If a task requires memorizing the orientations of a set of bars, then the map consisting of those bars can be readily used to hold the overall structure in memory and will thus be especially useful. If the task requires visual search for a target, then the map, which contains only an overall structure, will be of little use. Supporting these predictions, the present study demonstrated that in comparison to stimulus colors, bar orientations were processed more efficiently in change-detection tasks but less efficiently in visual search tasks (Cohen's d = 4.24). In addition to offering support for the role of the Boolean map in conscious access, the present work also throws doubts on the generality of processing visual features. © The Author(s) 2015.

Internal and external 2-d boundary layer flows

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crawford, M. E.; Kays, W. M.

1978-01-01

Computer program computes general two dimensional turbulent boundary-layer flow using finite-difference techniques. Structure allows for user modification to accommodate unique problems. Program should prove useful in many applications where accurate boundary-layer flow calculations are required.

30 CFR 75.1106-4 - Use of liquefied and nonliquefied compressed gas cylinders; general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... nonliquefied compressed gas is used regularly in underground shops or other underground structures, such shops...) “Manifolding cylinders” shall only be performed in well-ventilated shops where the necessary equipment is...

30 CFR 75.1106-4 - Use of liquefied and nonliquefied compressed gas cylinders; general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... nonliquefied compressed gas is used regularly in underground shops or other underground structures, such shops...) “Manifolding cylinders” shall only be performed in well-ventilated shops where the necessary equipment is...

30 CFR 75.1106-4 - Use of liquefied and nonliquefied compressed gas cylinders; general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... nonliquefied compressed gas is used regularly in underground shops or other underground structures, such shops...) “Manifolding cylinders” shall only be performed in well-ventilated shops where the necessary equipment is...

12 CFR 222.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... provided to a consumer by placing the consumer within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a... lowest-priced tier). For example, a person that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage...

12 CFR 1022.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... provided to a consumer by placing the consumer within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a... lowest-priced tier). For example, a person that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage...

12 CFR 1022.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... consumer by placing the consumer within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of...-priced tier). For example, a person that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of...

12 CFR 1022.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... provided to a consumer by placing the consumer within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a... lowest-priced tier). For example, a person that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage...

12 CFR 222.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... provided to a consumer by placing the consumer within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a... lowest-priced tier). For example, a person that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage...

Pressure system recertification at NASA-Langley Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hudson, C. M.; Ramsey, J. W., Jr.

1983-01-01

Langley Research Center pressure systems are being recertified to ensure safe operation of these systems. The procedures for recertifying these pressure systems are reviewed. Generally, the analysis and inspection requirements outlined in the appropriate national consensus codes are followed. In some instances where the requirements of these codes are not met. The systems are analyzed further, repaired, modified and/or tested to demonstrate their structural integrity.

Microscopic Interpretation and Generalization of the Bloch-Torrey Equation for Diffusion Magnetic Resonance

PubMed Central

Seroussi, Inbar; Grebenkov, Denis S.; Pasternak, Ofer; Sochen, Nir

2017-01-01

In order to bridge microscopic molecular motion with macroscopic diffusion MR signal in complex structures, we propose a general stochastic model for molecular motion in a magnetic field. The Fokker-Planck equation of this model governs the probability density function describing the diffusion-magnetization propagator. From the propagator we derive a generalized version of the Bloch-Torrey equation and the relation to the random phase approach. This derivation does not require assumptions such as a spatially constant diffusion coefficient, or ad-hoc selection of a propagator. In particular, the boundary conditions that implicitly incorporate the microstructure into the diffusion MR signal can now be included explicitly through a spatially varying diffusion coefficient. While our generalization is reduced to the conventional Bloch-Torrey equation for piecewise constant diffusion coefficients, it also predicts scenarios in which an additional term to the equation is required to fully describe the MR signal. PMID:28242566

Electronics for Piezoelectric Smart Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warkentin, D. J.; Tani, J.

1997-01-01

This paper briefly presents work addressing some of the basic considerations for the electronic components used in smart structures incorporating piezoelectric elements. After general remarks on the application of piezoelectric elements to the problem of structural vibration control, three main topics are described. Work to date on the development of techniques for embedding electronic components within structural parts is presented, followed by a description of the power flow and dissipation requirements of those components. Finally current work on the development of electronic circuits for use in an 'active wall' for acoustic noise is introduced.

Structural Vulnerability of the Boeing B-29 Aircraft Wing to Damage by Warhead Fragments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kordes, Eldon E.; OSullivan, William J., Jr.

1952-01-01

An elementary type of analysis has been used to determine the amount of wing tip that must be severed to produce irrevocable loss of control of a B-29 airplane. The remaining inboard structure of the Boeing B-29 wing has then been analyzed and curves are presented for the estimated reduction in structural strength due to four general types of damage produced by rod-type warhead fragments. The curves indicate the extent of structural damage required to produce a kill of the aircraft within 10 seconds.

East Europe Report, Economic and Industrial Affairs

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-11-27

second letter addressed to the editor, J . Behal from Otrokovice writes that 4 years ago he bought a collapsible bicycle, and last year he needed a new...requirements and district heat quantity requirements 19 J • 20 4.2.2 Methodology Determination of the maximum district heat power requirements is made in... j (structural area, community, city) in the year t, POAnit is the total c°nnected load of the region (user group) i in the year t k is a general

SFG synthesis of general high-order all-pass and all-pole current transfer functions using CFTAs.

PubMed

Tangsrirat, Worapong

2014-01-01

An approach of using the signal flow graph (SFG) technique to synthesize general high-order all-pass and all-pole current transfer functions with current follower transconductance amplifiers (CFTAs) and grounded capacitors has been presented. For general nth-order systems, the realized all-pass structure contains at most n + 1 CFTAs and n grounded capacitors, while the all-pole lowpass circuit requires only n CFTAs and n grounded capacitors. The resulting circuits obtained from the synthesis procedure are resistor-less structures and especially suitable for integration. They also exhibit low-input and high-output impedances and also convenient electronic controllability through the g m-value of the CFTA. Simulation results using real transistor model parameters ALA400 are also included to confirm the theory.

SFG Synthesis of General High-Order All-Pass and All-Pole Current Transfer Functions Using CFTAs

PubMed Central

Tangsrirat, Worapong

2014-01-01

An approach of using the signal flow graph (SFG) technique to synthesize general high-order all-pass and all-pole current transfer functions with current follower transconductance amplifiers (CFTAs) and grounded capacitors has been presented. For general nth-order systems, the realized all-pass structure contains at most n + 1 CFTAs and n grounded capacitors, while the all-pole lowpass circuit requires only n CFTAs and n grounded capacitors. The resulting circuits obtained from the synthesis procedure are resistor-less structures and especially suitable for integration. They also exhibit low-input and high-output impedances and also convenient electronic controllability through the g m-value of the CFTA. Simulation results using real transistor model parameters ALA400 are also included to confirm the theory. PMID:24688375

16 CFR 640.3 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of credit product, based in whole or... that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of 8, 10, 12, and 14 percent would...

12 CFR 222.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of credit product, based in whole or... that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of 8, 10, 12, and 14 percent would...

16 CFR 640.3 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of credit product, based in whole or... that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of 8, 10, 12, and 14 percent would...

12 CFR 222.72 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of credit product, based in whole or... that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of 8, 10, 12, and 14 percent would...

16 CFR 640.3 - General requirements for risk-based pricing notices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... within one of a discrete number of pricing tiers for a specific type of credit product, based in whole or... that uses a tiered pricing structure with annual percentage rates of 8, 10, 12, and 14 percent would...

47 CFR 17.5 - Commission consideration of applications for station authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... station authorization. 17.5 Section 17.5 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL... of applications for station authorization. (a) Applications for station authorization, excluding... required, the registrant must supply the structure's registration number upon request by the Commission. (c...

47 CFR 17.5 - Commission consideration of applications for station authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... station authorization. 17.5 Section 17.5 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL... of applications for station authorization. (a) Applications for station authorization, excluding... required, the registrant must supply the structure's registration number upon request by the Commission. (c...

47 CFR 17.5 - Commission consideration of applications for station authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... station authorization. 17.5 Section 17.5 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL... of applications for station authorization. (a) Applications for station authorization, excluding... required, the registrant must supply the structure's registration number upon request by the Commission. (c...

47 CFR 17.5 - Commission consideration of applications for station authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... station authorization. 17.5 Section 17.5 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL... of applications for station authorization. (a) Applications for station authorization, excluding... required, the registrant must supply the structure's registration number upon request by the Commission. (c...

47 CFR 17.5 - Commission consideration of applications for station authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... station authorization. 17.5 Section 17.5 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL... of applications for station authorization. (a) Applications for station authorization, excluding... required, the registrant must supply the structure's registration number upon request by the Commission. (c...

Quality assurance program requirements, Amendment 5 (9-26-79) to August 1973 issue

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

This standard sets forth general requirements for planning, managing, conducting, and evaluating quality assurance programs for reactor development and test facility projects and associated processes, structures, components, and systems. These quality assurance requirements are based on proven practices and provide the means of control and verification whereby those responsible fo poject management can assure that the quality required for safe, reliable, and economical operation will be achieved. The objective of the program of the programs covered by this standard is to assure that structures, components, systems, and facilities are designed, developed, manufactured, constructed, operated, and maintained in compliance with establishedmore » engineering criteria. To achieve this objective, controls are to be established and implemented at predetermined points, and necessary action taken to prevent, detect, and correct any deficiencies.« less

Aircraft wing structural detail design (wing, aileron, flaps, and subsystems)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Downs, Robert; Zable, Mike; Hughes, James; Heiser, Terry; Adrian, Kenneth

1993-01-01

The goal of this project was to design, in detail, the wing, flaps, and ailerons for a primary flight trainer. Integrated in this design are provisions for the fuel system, the electrical system, and the fuselage/cabin carry-through interface structure. This conceptual design displays the general arrangement of all major components in the wing structure, taking into consideration the requirements set forth by the appropriate sections of Federal Aviation Regulation Part 23 (FAR23) as well as those established in the statement of work.

Structures and Dynamics Division research and technology plans, FY 1982

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bales, K. S.

1982-01-01

Computational devices to improve efficiency for structural calculations are assessed. The potential of large arrays of microprocessors operating in parallel for finite element analysis is defined, and the impact of specialized computer hardware on static, dynamic, thermal analysis in the optimization of structural analysis and design calculations is determined. General aviation aircraft crashworthiness and occupant survivability is also considered. Mechanics technology required for design coefficient, fault tolerant advanced composite aircraft components subject to combined loads, impact, postbuckling effects and local discontinuities are developed.

Atomicrex—a general purpose tool for the construction of atomic interaction models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stukowski, Alexander; Fransson, Erik; Mock, Markus; Erhart, Paul

2017-07-01

We introduce atomicrex, an open-source code for constructing interatomic potentials as well as more general types of atomic-scale models. Such effective models are required to simulate extended materials structures comprising many thousands of atoms or more, because electronic structure methods become computationally too expensive at this scale. atomicrex covers a wide range of interatomic potential types and fulfills many needs in atomistic model development. As inputs, it supports experimental property values as well as ab initio energies and forces, to which models can be fitted using various optimization algorithms. The open architecture of atomicrex allows it to be used in custom model development scenarios beyond classical interatomic potentials while thanks to its Python interface it can be readily integrated e.g., with electronic structure calculations or machine learning algorithms.

Structures in general relativity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tieu, Steven

Structures within general relativity are examined. The differences between man-made structures and those predicted by the Einstein differential equations are very subtle. Exotic structures such as the Godel Universe and the Gott cosmic string are examined with emphasis on closed time-like curves. Newtonian models are seen to also have an exotic aspect in that a vast halo consisting of unknown matter dominates the galaxy. We introduce a model for galaxies based on a general relativity framework with the goal of excluding such artifacts from the system while describing the flat-rotation curves. Structures within this model were speculated to be exotic but after close scrutiny, their nature is shown to be benign. Numerical approaches are applied to model four galaxies: The Milky Way, NGC 3031, NGC 3198 and NGC 7331. Density and mass are deduced from these models and compared to the Newtonian models. Within the visible/HI region, there is 30% reduction in total mass. Extending the model to 10 times beyond the HI region using various fall-off scenerios, it is shown that there is only modest increase of the accumulated mass. In comparison to the Newtonian approach to galactic dynamics, the massive halos are not required to account for the flat velocity profiles.

Probabilistic boundary element method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cruse, T. A.; Raveendra, S. T.

1989-01-01

The purpose of the Probabilistic Structural Analysis Method (PSAM) project is to develop structural analysis capabilities for the design analysis of advanced space propulsion system hardware. The boundary element method (BEM) is used as the basis of the Probabilistic Advanced Analysis Methods (PADAM) which is discussed. The probabilistic BEM code (PBEM) is used to obtain the structural response and sensitivity results to a set of random variables. As such, PBEM performs analogous to other structural analysis codes such as finite elements in the PSAM system. For linear problems, unlike the finite element method (FEM), the BEM governing equations are written at the boundary of the body only, thus, the method eliminates the need to model the volume of the body. However, for general body force problems, a direct condensation of the governing equations to the boundary of the body is not possible and therefore volume modeling is generally required.

EPA's Notification of Rules and Regulations Regarding the Demolition of Asbestos-Containing Structures, and Related Questions and Answers

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Memorandum from EPA Deputy Administrator to Assistant Administrators and Regional Administrators and attachment communicating NESHAP, CERCLA, TSCA, OSHA requirements sent recommendation of the Inspector General in Report No. 1 2-P-01 25.

Is there a domain-general cognitive structuring system? Evidence from structural priming across music, math, action descriptions, and language.

PubMed

Van de Cavey, Joris; Hartsuiker, Robert J

2016-01-01

Cognitive processing in many domains (e.g., sentence comprehension, music listening, and math solving) requires sequential information to be organized into an integrational structure. There appears to be some overlap in integrational processing across domains, as shown by cross-domain interference effects when for example linguistic and musical stimuli are jointly presented (Koelsch, Gunter, Wittfoth, & Sammler, 2005; Slevc, Rosenberg, & Patel, 2009). These findings support theories of overlapping resources for integrational processing across domains (cfr. SSIRH Patel, 2003; SWM, Kljajevic, 2010). However, there are some limitations to the studies mentioned above, such as the frequent use of unnaturalistic integrational difficulties. In recent years, the idea has risen that evidence for domain-generality in structural processing might also be yielded though priming paradigms (cfr. Scheepers, 2003). The rationale behind this is that integrational processing across domains regularly requires the processing of dependencies across short or long distances in the sequence, involving respectively less or more syntactic working memory resources (cfr. SWM, Kljajevic, 2010), and such processing decisions might persist over time. However, whereas recent studies have shown suggestive priming of integrational structure between language and arithmetics (though often dependent on arithmetic performance, cfr. Scheepers et al., 2011; Scheepers & Sturt, 2014), it remains to be investigated to what extent we can also find evidence for priming in other domains, such as music and action (cfr. SWM, Kljajevic, 2010). Experiment 1a showed structural priming from the processing of musical sequences onto the position in the sentence structure (early or late) to which a relative clause was attached in subsequent sentence completion. Importantly, Experiment 1b showed that a similar structural manipulation based on non-hierarchically ordered color sequences did not yield any priming effect, suggesting that the priming effect is not based on linear order, but integrational dependency. Finally, Experiment 2 presented primes in four domains (relative clause sentences, music, mathematics, and structured descriptions of actions), and consistently showed priming within and across domains. These findings provide clear evidence for domain-general structural processing mechanisms. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

AGT 100 automotive gas turbine system development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Helms, H. E. G.

1982-01-01

General Motors is developing an automotive gas turbine system that can be an alternate powerplant for future automobiles. Work sponsored by DOE and administered by NASA Lewis Research Center is emphasizing small component aerodynamics and high-temperature structural ceramics. Reliability requirements of the AGT 100 turbine system include chemical and structural ceramic component stability in the gas turbine environment. The power train system, its configuration and schedule are presented, and its performance tested. The aerodynamic component development is reviewed with discussions on the compressor, turbine, regenerator, interturbine duct and scroll, and combustor. Ceramic component development is also reviewed, and production cost and required capital investment are taken into consideration.

Analysis of offshore platforms lifting with fixed pile structure type (fixed platform) based on ASD89

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugianto, Agus; Indriani, Andi Marini

2017-11-01

Platform construction GTS (Gathering Testing Sattelite) is offshore construction platform with fix pile structure type/fixed platform functioning to support the mining of petroleum exploitation. After construction fabrication process platform was moved to barges, then shipped to the installation site. Moving process is generally done by pull or push based on construction design determined when planning. But at the time of lifting equipment/cranes available in the work area then the moving process can be done by lifting so that moving activity can be implemented more quickly of work. This analysis moving process of GTS platform in a different way that is generally done to GTS platform types by lifting using problem is construction reinforcement required, so the construction can be moved by lifting with analyzing and checking structure working stress that occurs due to construction moving process by lifting AISC code standard and analysis using the SAP2000 structure analysis program. The analysis result showed that existing condition cannot be moved by lifting because stress ratio is above maximum allowable value that is 0.950 (AISC-ASD89). Overstress occurs on the member 295 and 324 with stress ratio value 0.97 and 0.95 so that it is required structural reinforcement. Box plate aplication at both members so that it produces stress ratio values 0.78 at the member 295 and stress ratio of 0.77 at the member 324. These results indicate that the construction have qualified structural reinforcement for being moved by lifting.

Linking models and data on vegetation structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurtt, G. C.; Fisk, J.; Thomas, R. Q.; Dubayah, R.; Moorcroft, P. R.; Shugart, H. H.

2010-06-01

For more than a century, scientists have recognized the importance of vegetation structure in understanding forest dynamics. Now future satellite missions such as Deformation, Ecosystem Structure, and Dynamics of Ice (DESDynI) hold the potential to provide unprecedented global data on vegetation structure needed to reduce uncertainties in terrestrial carbon dynamics. Here, we briefly review the uses of data on vegetation structure in ecosystem models, develop and analyze theoretical models to quantify model-data requirements, and describe recent progress using a mechanistic modeling approach utilizing a formal scaling method and data on vegetation structure to improve model predictions. Generally, both limited sampling and coarse resolution averaging lead to model initialization error, which in turn is propagated in subsequent model prediction uncertainty and error. In cases with representative sampling, sufficient resolution, and linear dynamics, errors in initialization tend to compensate at larger spatial scales. However, with inadequate sampling, overly coarse resolution data or models, and nonlinear dynamics, errors in initialization lead to prediction error. A robust model-data framework will require both models and data on vegetation structure sufficient to resolve important environmental gradients and tree-level heterogeneity in forest structure globally.

9 CFR 3.28 - Primary enclosures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.28 Primary enclosures. All primary enclosures for guinea pigs and hamsters shall conform to the following requirements: (a) General. (1) Primary enclosures shall be structurally sound and maintained in good repair to protect the guinea pigs and hamsters...

21 CFR 801.30 - General exceptions from the requirement for the label of a device to bear a unique device...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... structure or any function of the body of man. (8) A device intended for export from the United States. (9) A... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES LABELING Labeling...

14 CFR 67.313 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.213 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.313 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.313 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.113 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.113 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.113 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.213 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.113 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.313 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.213 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

14 CFR 67.213 - General medical condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... established medical history or clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that requires insulin or any other hypoglycemic drug for control. (b) No other organic, functional, or structural disease, defect, or limitation that the Federal Air Surgeon, based on the case history and appropriate, qualified medical judgment...

24 CFR 3280.303 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Section 3280.303 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development... quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component... tests specified in paragraph (g) of this section. (f) Allowable design stress. The design stresses of...

24 CFR 3280.303 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Section 3280.303 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development... quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component... tests specified in paragraph (g) of this section. (f) Allowable design stress. The design stresses of...

24 CFR 3280.303 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Section 3280.303 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development... quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component... tests specified in paragraph (g) of this section. (f) Allowable design stress. The design stresses of...

24 CFR 3280.303 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Section 3280.303 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development... quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component... tests specified in paragraph (g) of this section. (f) Allowable design stress. The design stresses of...

24 CFR 3280.303 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Section 3280.303 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development... quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component... tests specified in paragraph (g) of this section. (f) Allowable design stress. The design stresses of...

10 CFR 54.4 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REQUIREMENTS FOR RENEWAL OF OPERATING LICENSES FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS General Provisions § 54.4 Scope. (a) Plant systems, structures, and components within the scope of this part are— (1..., and components relied on in safety analyses or plant evaluations to perform a function that...

10 CFR 54.4 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REQUIREMENTS FOR RENEWAL OF OPERATING LICENSES FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS General Provisions § 54.4 Scope. (a) Plant systems, structures, and components within the scope of this part are— (1..., and components relied on in safety analyses or plant evaluations to perform a function that...

10 CFR 54.4 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REQUIREMENTS FOR RENEWAL OF OPERATING LICENSES FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS General Provisions § 54.4 Scope. (a) Plant systems, structures, and components within the scope of this part are— (1..., and components relied on in safety analyses or plant evaluations to perform a function that...

10 CFR 54.4 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REQUIREMENTS FOR RENEWAL OF OPERATING LICENSES FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS General Provisions § 54.4 Scope. (a) Plant systems, structures, and components within the scope of this part are— (1..., and components relied on in safety analyses or plant evaluations to perform a function that...

10 CFR 54.4 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REQUIREMENTS FOR RENEWAL OF OPERATING LICENSES FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS General Provisions § 54.4 Scope. (a) Plant systems, structures, and components within the scope of this part are— (1..., and components relied on in safety analyses or plant evaluations to perform a function that...

24 CFR 35.145 - Compliance with Federal laws and authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.145 Compliance with Federal laws and authorities. All lead-based paint activities, including waste disposal, performed under this...

24 CFR 35.130 - Lead hazard information pamphlet.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.130 Lead hazard information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Lead hazard information pamphlet...

24 CFR 35.130 - Lead hazard information pamphlet.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.130 Lead hazard information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Lead hazard information pamphlet...

24 CFR 35.130 - Lead hazard information pamphlet.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.130 Lead hazard information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Lead hazard information pamphlet...

24 CFR 35.145 - Compliance with Federal laws and authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.145 Compliance with Federal laws and authorities. All lead-based paint activities, including waste disposal, performed under this...

24 CFR 35.160 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Waivers. 35.160 Section 35.160 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements...

24 CFR 35.130 - Lead hazard information pamphlet.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.130 Lead hazard information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Lead hazard information pamphlet...

24 CFR 35.160 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Waivers. 35.160 Section 35.160 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements...

24 CFR 35.145 - Compliance with Federal laws and authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.145 Compliance with Federal laws and authorities. All lead-based paint activities, including waste disposal, performed under this...

24 CFR 35.145 - Compliance with Federal laws and authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.145 Compliance with Federal laws and authorities. All lead-based paint activities, including waste disposal, performed under this...

24 CFR 35.145 - Compliance with Federal laws and authorities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.145 Compliance with Federal laws and authorities. All lead-based paint activities, including waste disposal, performed under this...

24 CFR 35.160 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Waivers. 35.160 Section 35.160 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements...

24 CFR 35.130 - Lead hazard information pamphlet.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.130 Lead hazard information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Lead hazard information pamphlet...

24 CFR 35.160 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Waivers. 35.160 Section 35.160 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements...

24 CFR 35.160 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Waivers. 35.160 Section 35.160 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements...

24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... COMMISSIONER, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs...

9 CFR 3.28 - Primary enclosures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... for guinea pigs and hamsters shall conform to the following requirements: (a) General. (1) Primary enclosures shall be structurally sound and maintained in good repair to protect the guinea pigs and hamsters... be constructed and maintained so that the guinea pigs or hamsters contained therein have convenient...

9 CFR 3.28 - Primary enclosures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Pigs and Hamsters Facilities and Operating Standards § 3.28 Primary enclosures. All primary enclosures for guinea pigs and hamsters shall conform to the following requirements: (a) General. (1) Primary enclosures shall be structurally sound and maintained in good repair to protect the guinea pigs and hamsters...

Toward a laminar-flow-control transport

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sturgeon, R. F.

1978-01-01

Analyses were conducted to define a practical design for an advanced technology laminar flow control (LRC) transport for initial passenger operation in the early 1990's. Mission requirements, appropriate design criteria, and level of technology for the study aircraft were defined. The characteristics of the selected configuration were established, aircraft and LFC subsystems compatible with the mission requirements were defined, and the aircraft was evaluated in terms of fuel efficiency. A wing design integrating the LFC ducting and metering system into advanced composite wing structure was developed, manufacturing procedures for the surface panel design were established, and environmental and structural testing of surface panel components were conducted. Test results revealed a requirement for relatively minor changes in the manufacturing procedures employed, but have shown the general compatibility of both the selected design and the use of composite materials with the requirements of LFC wing surface panels.

Finite-size correction scheme for supercell calculations in Dirac-point two-dimensional materials.

PubMed

Rocha, C G; Rocha, A R; Venezuela, P; Garcia, J H; Ferreira, M S

2018-06-19

Modern electronic structure calculations are predominantly implemented within the super cell representation in which unit cells are periodically arranged in space. Even in the case of non-crystalline materials, defect-embedded unit cells are commonly used to describe doped structures. However, this type of computation becomes prohibitively demanding when convergence rates are sufficiently slow and may require calculations with very large unit cells. Here we show that a hitherto unexplored feature displayed by several 2D materials may be used to achieve convergence in formation- and adsorption-energy calculations with relatively small unit-cell sizes. The generality of our method is illustrated with Density Functional Theory calculations for different 2D hosts doped with different impurities, all of which providing accuracy levels that would otherwise require enormously large unit cells. This approach provides an efficient route to calculating the physical properties of 2D systems in general but is particularly suitable for Dirac-point materials doped with impurities that break their sublattice symmetry.

Generalized Advanced Propeller Analysis System (GAPAS). Volume 2: Computer program user manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Glatt, L.; Crawford, D. R.; Kosmatka, J. B.; Swigart, R. J.; Wong, E. W.

1986-01-01

The Generalized Advanced Propeller Analysis System (GAPAS) computer code is described. GAPAS was developed to analyze advanced technology multi-bladed propellers which operate on aircraft with speeds up to Mach 0.8 and altitudes up to 40,000 feet. GAPAS includes technology for analyzing aerodynamic, structural, and acoustic performance of propellers. The computer code was developed for the CDC 7600 computer and is currently available for industrial use on the NASA Langley computer. A description of all the analytical models incorporated in GAPAS is included. Sample calculations are also described as well as users requirements for modifying the analysis system. Computer system core requirements and running times are also discussed.

The teratology testing of food additives.

PubMed

Barrow, Paul C; Spézia, François

2013-01-01

The developmental and reproductive toxicity testing (including teratogenicity) of new foods and food additives is performed worldwide according to the guidelines given in the FDA Redbook. These studies are not required for substances that are generally recognized as safe, according to the FDA inventory. The anticipated cumulated human exposure level above which developmental or reproduction studies are required depends on the structure-alert category. For food additives of concern, both developmental (prenatal) and reproduction (multigeneration) studies are required. The developmental studies are performed in two species, usually the rat and the rabbit. The reproduction study is generally performed in the rat. The two rat studies are preferably combined into a single experimental design, if possible. The test methods described in the FDA Redbook are similar to those specified by the OECD for the reproductive toxicity testing of chemicals.

Military Personnel: Additional Steps Are Needed to Strengthen DOD’s Oversight of Ethics and Professionalism Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

be strengthened in both areas. • DOD has a decentralized structure to administer and oversee its existing, required compliance -based ethics program...and attributes. “Ethics” relates to DOD’s required rules-based program, which ensures compliance with standards of conduct. 2 The White House...ethical content in professional military education , developing 13 character development initiatives for general and flag officers, and establishing

Motor Task Variation Induces Structural Learning

PubMed Central

Braun, Daniel A.; Aertsen, Ad; Wolpert, Daniel M.; Mehring, Carsten

2009-01-01

Summary When we have learned a motor skill, such as cycling or ice-skating, we can rapidly generalize to novel tasks, such as motorcycling or rollerblading [1–8]. Such facilitation of learning could arise through two distinct mechanisms by which the motor system might adjust its control parameters. First, fast learning could simply be a consequence of the proximity of the original and final settings of the control parameters. Second, by structural learning [9–14], the motor system could constrain the parameter adjustments to conform to the control parameters' covariance structure. Thus, facilitation of learning would rely on the novel task parameters' lying on the structure of a lower-dimensional subspace that can be explored more efficiently. To test between these two hypotheses, we exposed subjects to randomly varying visuomotor tasks of fixed structure. Although such randomly varying tasks are thought to prevent learning, we show that when subsequently presented with novel tasks, subjects exhibit three key features of structural learning: facilitated learning of tasks with the same structure, strong reduction in interference normally observed when switching between tasks that require opposite control strategies, and preferential exploration along the learned structure. These results suggest that skill generalization relies on task variation and structural learning. PMID:19217296

Motor task variation induces structural learning.

PubMed

Braun, Daniel A; Aertsen, Ad; Wolpert, Daniel M; Mehring, Carsten

2009-02-24

When we have learned a motor skill, such as cycling or ice-skating, we can rapidly generalize to novel tasks, such as motorcycling or rollerblading [1-8]. Such facilitation of learning could arise through two distinct mechanisms by which the motor system might adjust its control parameters. First, fast learning could simply be a consequence of the proximity of the original and final settings of the control parameters. Second, by structural learning [9-14], the motor system could constrain the parameter adjustments to conform to the control parameters' covariance structure. Thus, facilitation of learning would rely on the novel task parameters' lying on the structure of a lower-dimensional subspace that can be explored more efficiently. To test between these two hypotheses, we exposed subjects to randomly varying visuomotor tasks of fixed structure. Although such randomly varying tasks are thought to prevent learning, we show that when subsequently presented with novel tasks, subjects exhibit three key features of structural learning: facilitated learning of tasks with the same structure, strong reduction in interference normally observed when switching between tasks that require opposite control strategies, and preferential exploration along the learned structure. These results suggest that skill generalization relies on task variation and structural learning.

A novel knowledge-based potential for RNA 3D structure evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Yi; Gu, Qi; Zhang, Ben-Gong; Shi, Ya-Zhou; Shao, Zhi-Gang

2018-03-01

Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) play a vital role in biology, and knowledge of their three-dimensional (3D) structure is required to understand their biological functions. Recently structural prediction methods have been developed to address this issue, but a series of RNA 3D structures are generally predicted by most existing methods. Therefore, the evaluation of the predicted structures is generally indispensable. Although several methods have been proposed to assess RNA 3D structures, the existing methods are not precise enough. In this work, a new all-atom knowledge-based potential is developed for more accurately evaluating RNA 3D structures. The potential not only includes local and nonlocal interactions but also fully considers the specificity of each RNA by introducing a retraining mechanism. Based on extensive test sets generated from independent methods, the proposed potential correctly distinguished the native state and ranked near-native conformations to effectively select the best. Furthermore, the proposed potential precisely captured RNA structural features such as base-stacking and base-pairing. Comparisons with existing potential methods show that the proposed potential is very reliable and accurate in RNA 3D structure evaluation. Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 11605125, 11105054, 11274124, and 11401448).

Physical insight into the simultaneous optimization of structure and control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacques, Robert N.; Miller, David W.

1993-01-01

Recent trends in spacecraft design which yield larger structures with more stringent performance requirements place many flexible modes of the structure within the bandwidth of active controllers. The resulting complications to the spacecraft design make it highly desirable to understand the impact of structural changes on an optimally controlled structure. This work uses low structural models with optimal H(sub 2) and H(sub infinity) controllers to develop some basic insight into this problem. This insight concentrates on several basic approaches to improving controlled performance and how these approaches interact in determining the optimal designs. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate how this insight can be generalized to more complex problems.

Analysis of whisker-toughened CMC structural components using an interactive reliability model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Duffy, Stephen F.; Palko, Joseph L.

1992-01-01

Realizing wider utilization of ceramic matrix composites (CMC) requires the development of advanced structural analysis technologies. This article focuses on the use of interactive reliability models to predict component probability of failure. The deterministic William-Warnke failure criterion serves as theoretical basis for the reliability model presented here. The model has been implemented into a test-bed software program. This computer program has been coupled to a general-purpose finite element program. A simple structural problem is presented to illustrate the reliability model and the computer algorithm.

30 CFR 585.610 - What must I include in my SAP?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... offshore and onshore. (6) General structural and project design, fabrication, and installation Information... requested by BOEM. (b) You must provide the results of geophysical and geological surveys, hazards surveys, archaeological surveys (if required), and baseline collection studies (e.g., biological) with the supporting data...

30 CFR 585.610 - What must I include in my SAP?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... offshore and onshore. (6) General structural and project design, fabrication, and installation Information... requested by BOEM. (b) You must provide the results of geophysical and geological surveys, hazards surveys, archaeological surveys (if required), and baseline collection studies (e.g., biological) with the supporting data...

30 CFR 585.610 - What must I include in my SAP?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... offshore and onshore. (6) General structural and project design, fabrication, and installation Information... requested by BOEM. (b) You must provide the results of geophysical and geological surveys, hazards surveys, archaeological surveys (if required), and baseline collection studies (e.g., biological) with the supporting data...

49 CFR 179.10 - Tank mounting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tank mounting. 179.10 Section 179.10... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.10 Tank mounting. (a) The manner in which tanks are attached to the car structure shall be...

49 CFR 179.10 - Tank mounting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Tank mounting. 179.10 Section 179.10... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.10 Tank mounting. (a) The manner in which tanks are attached to the car structure shall be...

49 CFR 179.10 - Tank mounting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Tank mounting. 179.10 Section 179.10... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.10 Tank mounting. (a) The manner in which tanks are attached to the car structure shall be...

49 CFR 179.10 - Tank mounting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Tank mounting. 179.10 Section 179.10... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR TANK CARS General Design Requirements § 179.10 Tank mounting. (a) The manner in which tanks are attached to the car structure shall be...

14 CFR 23.333 - Flight envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight envelope. 23.333 Section 23.333... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Loads § 23.333 Flight envelope. (a) General. Compliance with the strength requirements of this subpart must be shown at...

14 CFR 25.333 - Flight maneuvering envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight maneuvering envelope. 25.333 Section... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Maneuver and Gust Conditions § 25.333 Flight maneuvering envelope. (a) General. The strength requirements must be met at each combination of...

14 CFR 23.333 - Flight envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight envelope. 23.333 Section 23.333... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Loads § 23.333 Flight envelope. (a) General. Compliance with the strength requirements of this subpart must be shown at...

14 CFR 23.333 - Flight envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight envelope. 23.333 Section 23.333... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Loads § 23.333 Flight envelope. (a) General. Compliance with the strength requirements of this subpart must be shown at...

14 CFR 25.333 - Flight maneuvering envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight maneuvering envelope. 25.333 Section... AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Maneuver and Gust Conditions § 25.333 Flight maneuvering envelope. (a) General. The strength requirements must be met at each combination of...

14 CFR 23.333 - Flight envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight envelope. 23.333 Section 23.333... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Loads § 23.333 Flight envelope. (a) General. Compliance with the strength requirements of this subpart must be shown at...

14 CFR 23.333 - Flight envelope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight envelope. 23.333 Section 23.333... STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Flight Loads § 23.333 Flight envelope. (a) General. Compliance with the strength requirements of this subpart must be shown at...

Public Health Pest Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizona Univ., Tucson. Cooperative Extension Service.

This manual supplies information helpful to individuals wishing to become certified in public health pest control. It is designed as a technical reference for vector control workers and as preparatory material for structural applicators of restricted use pesticides to meet the General Standards of Competency required of commercial applicators. The…

29 CFR 1926.250 - General requirements for storage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... in tiers shall be stacked, racked, blocked, interlocked, or otherwise secured to prevent sliding, falling or collapse. (2) Maximum safe load limits of floors within buildings and structures, in pounds per..., tanks, and similar storage areas shall be equipped with personal fall arrest equipment meeting the...

24 CFR 35.165 - Prior evaluation or hazard reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.165 Prior evaluation or... conditions: (a) Lead-based paint inspection. (1) A lead-based paint inspection conducted before March 1, 2000...

24 CFR 35.165 - Prior evaluation or hazard reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.165 Prior evaluation or... conditions: (a) Lead-based paint inspection. (1) A lead-based paint inspection conducted before March 1, 2000...

24 CFR 35.165 - Prior evaluation or hazard reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.165 Prior evaluation or... conditions: (a) Lead-based paint inspection. (1) A lead-based paint inspection conducted before March 1, 2000...

24 CFR 35.165 - Prior evaluation or hazard reduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.165 Prior evaluation or... conditions: (a) Lead-based paint inspection. (1) A lead-based paint inspection conducted before March 1, 2000...

33 CFR 67.01-30 - Equivalents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Equivalents. 67.01-30 Section 67.01-30 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-30...

33 CFR 67.01-30 - Equivalents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Equivalents. 67.01-30 Section 67.01-30 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements § 67.01-30...

R2R--software to speed the depiction of aesthetic consensus RNA secondary structures.

PubMed

Weinberg, Zasha; Breaker, Ronald R

2011-01-04

With continuing identification of novel structured noncoding RNAs, there is an increasing need to create schematic diagrams showing the consensus features of these molecules. RNA structural diagrams are typically made either with general-purpose drawing programs like Adobe Illustrator, or with automated or interactive programs specific to RNA. Unfortunately, the use of applications like Illustrator is extremely time consuming, while existing RNA-specific programs produce figures that are useful, but usually not of the same aesthetic quality as those produced at great cost in Illustrator. Additionally, most existing RNA-specific applications are designed for drawing single RNA molecules, not consensus diagrams. We created R2R, a computer program that facilitates the generation of aesthetic and readable drawings of RNA consensus diagrams in a fraction of the time required with general-purpose drawing programs. Since the inference of a consensus RNA structure typically requires a multiple-sequence alignment, the R2R user annotates the alignment with commands directing the layout and annotation of the RNA. R2R creates SVG or PDF output that can be imported into Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape or CorelDRAW. R2R can be used to create consensus sequence and secondary structure models for novel RNA structures or to revise models when new representatives for known RNA classes become available. Although R2R does not currently have a graphical user interface, it has proven useful in our efforts to create 100 schematic models of distinct noncoding RNA classes. R2R makes it possible to obtain high-quality drawings of the consensus sequence and structural models of many diverse RNA structures with a more practical amount of effort. R2R software is available at http://breaker.research.yale.edu/R2R and as an Additional file.

Structural Analysis of Cubane-Type Iron Clusters

PubMed Central

Tan, Lay Ling; Holm, R. H.; Lee, Sonny C.

2013-01-01

The generalized cluster type [M4(μ3-Q)4Ln]x contains the cubane-type [M4Q4]z core unit that can approach, but typically deviates from, perfect Td symmetry. The geometric properties of this structure have been analyzed with reference to Td symmetry by a new protocol. Using coordinates of M and Q atoms, expressions have been derived for interatomic separations, bond angles, and volumes of tetrahedral core units (M4, Q4) and the total [M4Q4] core (as a tetracapped M4 tetrahedron). Values for structural parameters have been calculated from observed average values for a given cluster type. Comparison of calculated and observed values measures the extent of deviation of a given parameter from that required in an exact tetrahedral structure. The procedure has been applied to the structures of over 130 clusters containing [Fe4Q4] (Q = S2−, Se2−, Te2−, [NPR3]−, [NR]2−) units, of which synthetic and biological sulfide-bridged clusters constitute the largest subset. General structural features and trends in structural parameters are identified and summarized. An extensive database of structural properties (distances, angles, volumes) has been compiled in Supporting Information. PMID:24072952

Structural Analysis of Cubane-Type Iron Clusters.

PubMed

Tan, Lay Ling; Holm, R H; Lee, Sonny C

2013-07-13

The generalized cluster type [M 4 (μ 3 -Q) 4 L n ] x contains the cubane-type [M 4 Q 4 ] z core unit that can approach, but typically deviates from, perfect T d symmetry. The geometric properties of this structure have been analyzed with reference to T d symmetry by a new protocol. Using coordinates of M and Q atoms, expressions have been derived for interatomic separations, bond angles, and volumes of tetrahedral core units (M 4 , Q 4 ) and the total [M 4 Q 4 ] core (as a tetracapped M 4 tetrahedron). Values for structural parameters have been calculated from observed average values for a given cluster type. Comparison of calculated and observed values measures the extent of deviation of a given parameter from that required in an exact tetrahedral structure. The procedure has been applied to the structures of over 130 clusters containing [Fe 4 Q 4 ] (Q = S 2- , Se 2- , Te 2- , [NPR 3 ] - , [NR] 2- ) units, of which synthetic and biological sulfide-bridged clusters constitute the largest subset. General structural features and trends in structural parameters are identified and summarized. An extensive database of structural properties (distances, angles, volumes) has been compiled in Supporting Information.

A General Method for Targeted Quantitative Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry.

PubMed

Chavez, Juan D; Eng, Jimmy K; Schweppe, Devin K; Cilia, Michelle; Rivera, Keith; Zhong, Xuefei; Wu, Xia; Allen, Terrence; Khurgel, Moshe; Kumar, Akhilesh; Lampropoulos, Athanasios; Larsson, Mårten; Maity, Shuvadeep; Morozov, Yaroslav; Pathmasiri, Wimal; Perez-Neut, Mathew; Pineyro-Ruiz, Coriness; Polina, Elizabeth; Post, Stephanie; Rider, Mark; Tokmina-Roszyk, Dorota; Tyson, Katherine; Vieira Parrine Sant'Ana, Debora; Bruce, James E

2016-01-01

Chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) provides protein structural information by identifying covalently linked proximal amino acid residues on protein surfaces. The information gained by this technique is complementary to other structural biology methods such as x-ray crystallography, NMR and cryo-electron microscopy[1]. The extension of traditional quantitative proteomics methods with chemical cross-linking can provide information on the structural dynamics of protein structures and protein complexes. The identification and quantitation of cross-linked peptides remains challenging for the general community, requiring specialized expertise ultimately limiting more widespread adoption of the technique. We describe a general method for targeted quantitative mass spectrometric analysis of cross-linked peptide pairs. We report the adaptation of the widely used, open source software package Skyline, for the analysis of quantitative XL-MS data as a means for data analysis and sharing of methods. We demonstrate the utility and robustness of the method with a cross-laboratory study and present data that is supported by and validates previously published data on quantified cross-linked peptide pairs. This advance provides an easy to use resource so that any lab with access to a LC-MS system capable of performing targeted quantitative analysis can quickly and accurately measure dynamic changes in protein structure and protein interactions.

On the convergence and accuracy of the FDTD method for nanoplasmonics.

PubMed

Lesina, Antonino Calà; Vaccari, Alessandro; Berini, Pierre; Ramunno, Lora

2015-04-20

Use of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method to model nanoplasmonic structures continues to rise - more than 2700 papers have been published in 2014 on FDTD simulations of surface plasmons. However, a comprehensive study on the convergence and accuracy of the method for nanoplasmonic structures has yet to be reported. Although the method may be well-established in other areas of electromagnetics, the peculiarities of nanoplasmonic problems are such that a targeted study on convergence and accuracy is required. The availability of a high-performance computing system (a massively parallel IBM Blue Gene/Q) allows us to do this for the first time. We consider gold and silver at optical wavelengths along with three "standard" nanoplasmonic structures: a metal sphere, a metal dipole antenna and a metal bowtie antenna - for the first structure comparisons with the analytical extinction, scattering, and absorption coefficients based on Mie theory are possible. We consider different ways to set-up the simulation domain, we vary the mesh size to very small dimensions, we compare the simple Drude model with the Drude model augmented with two critical points correction, we compare single-precision to double-precision arithmetic, and we compare two staircase meshing techniques, per-component and uniform. We find that the Drude model with two critical points correction (at least) must be used in general. Double-precision arithmetic is needed to avoid round-off errors if highly converged results are sought. Per-component meshing increases the accuracy when complex geometries are modeled, but the uniform mesh works better for structures completely fillable by the Yee cell (e.g., rectangular structures). Generally, a mesh size of 0.25 nm is required to achieve convergence of results to ∼ 1%. We determine how to optimally setup the simulation domain, and in so doing we find that performing scattering calculations within the near-field does not necessarily produces large errors but reduces the computational resources required.

46 CFR 91.43-1 - When required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... tanks cleaned out and gas freed as necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks... of each vessel during an internal structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years. (b... inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is...

46 CFR 189.43-1 - When required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... tanks cleaned out and gas freed as necessary to permit internal examination of the tank or tanks... of each vessel during an internal structural examination at intervals not to exceed five years. (b... inspector is able to determine by external examination that the general condition of the tanks is...

30 CFR 7.504 - Refuge alternatives and components; general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... components: (1) Electrical components that are exposed to the mine atmosphere shall be approved as... as intrinsically safe or approved as permissible. (2) Shall not produce continuous noise levels in excess of 85 dBA in the structure's interior. (3) Shall not liberate harmful or irritating gases or...

30 CFR 7.504 - Refuge alternatives and components; general requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... components: (1) Electrical components that are exposed to the mine atmosphere shall be approved as... as intrinsically safe or approved as permissible. (2) Shall not produce continuous noise levels in excess of 85 dBA in the structure's interior. (3) Shall not liberate harmful or irritating gases or...

False Belief and Language Comprehension in Cantonese-Speaking Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheung, Him

2006-01-01

The current research compared two accounts of the relation between language and false belief in children, namely that (a) language is generally related to false belief because both require secondary representation in a social-interactional context and that (b) specific language structures that explicitly code meta representation contribute…

24 CFR 35.100 - Purpose and applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint... requirements of subparts B through R of this part are promulgated to implement the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4821 et seq.), and the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction...

24 CFR 35.100 - Purpose and applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint... requirements of subparts B through R of this part are promulgated to implement the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4821 et seq.), and the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction...

24 CFR 35.100 - Purpose and applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint... requirements of subparts B through R of this part are promulgated to implement the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4821 et seq.), and the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction...

24 CFR 35.135 - Use of paint containing lead.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.135 Use of paint containing lead. (a... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Use of paint containing lead. 35...

24 CFR 35.135 - Use of paint containing lead.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.135 Use of paint containing lead. (a... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Use of paint containing lead. 35...

24 CFR 35.135 - Use of paint containing lead.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.135 Use of paint containing lead. (a... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Use of paint containing lead. 35...

24 CFR 35.150 - Compliance with other State, tribal, and local laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.150 Compliance with... provides a comparable level of protection from the hazards of lead-based paint poisoning to that provided...

24 CFR 35.150 - Compliance with other State, tribal, and local laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.150 Compliance with... provides a comparable level of protection from the hazards of lead-based paint poisoning to that provided...

24 CFR 35.135 - Use of paint containing lead.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.135 Use of paint containing lead. (a... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Use of paint containing lead. 35...

24 CFR 35.100 - Purpose and applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint... requirements of subparts B through R of this part are promulgated to implement the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4821 et seq.), and the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction...

24 CFR 35.150 - Compliance with other State, tribal, and local laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.150 Compliance with... provides a comparable level of protection from the hazards of lead-based paint poisoning to that provided...

24 CFR 35.150 - Compliance with other State, tribal, and local laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.150 Compliance with... provides a comparable level of protection from the hazards of lead-based paint poisoning to that provided...

24 CFR 35.135 - Use of paint containing lead.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.135 Use of paint containing lead. (a... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Use of paint containing lead. 35...

24 CFR 35.150 - Compliance with other State, tribal, and local laws.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.150 Compliance with... provides a comparable level of protection from the hazards of lead-based paint poisoning to that provided...

24 CFR 35.100 - Purpose and applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint... requirements of subparts B through R of this part are promulgated to implement the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4821 et seq.), and the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction...

The Budgeting Mechanism in Development Companies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kovaleva, Tatiana M.; Khvostenko, Oleg A.; Glukhova, Alla G.; Nikeryasova, Veronica V.; Gavrilov, Denis E.

2016-01-01

Relevance of the researched problem is caused by the fact that today there is a requirement for a unique, generalized, theoretically and methodically elaborated budgeting mechanism disaggregating the aims of strategic level to the level of structural units of the company. The aim of article is to develop methodical provisions and practical…

33 CFR 67.10-30 - Withdrawal of approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Withdrawal of approval. 67.10-30 Section 67.10-30 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.10-25 - Application for tests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Application for tests. 67.10-25 Section 67.10-25 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.10-30 - Withdrawal of approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Withdrawal of approval. 67.10-30 Section 67.10-30 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

33 CFR 67.10-25 - Application for tests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Application for tests. 67.10-25 Section 67.10-25 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound...

Memory for Context becomes Less Specific with Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wiltgen, Brian J.; Silva, Alcino J.

2007-01-01

Context memories initially require the hippocampus, but over time become independent of this structure. This shift reflects a consolidation process whereby memories are gradually stored in distributed regions of the cortex. The function of this process is thought to be the extraction of statistical regularities and general knowledge from specific…

What is an Objective Structured Practical Examination in Anatomy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaqinuddin, Ahmed; Zafar, Muhammad; Ikram, Muhammad Faisal; Ganguly, Paul

2013-01-01

Assessing teaching-learning outcomes in anatomical knowledge is a complex task that requires the evaluation of multiple domains: theoretical, practical, and clinical knowledge. In general, theoretical knowledge is tested by a written examination system constituted by multiple choice questions (MCQs) and/or short answer questions (SAQ). The…

PATRAN-STAGS translator (PATSTAGS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Otte, Neil

1990-01-01

A a computer program used to translate PATRAN finite element model data into Structural Analysis of General Shells (STAGS) input data is presented. The program supports translation of nodal, nodal constraints, element, force, and pressure data. The subroutine UPRESS required for the readings of live pressure data into STAGS is also presented.

Technology requirements and readiness for very large vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Conner, D. W.

1979-01-01

Common concerns of very large vehicles in the areas of economics, transportation system interfaces and operational problems were reviewed regarding their influence on vehicle configurations and technology. Fifty-four technology requirements were identified which are judged to be unique, or particularly critical, to very large vehicles. The requirements were about equally divided among the four general areas of aero/hydrodynamics, propulsion and acoustics, structures, and vehicle systems and operations. The state of technology readiness was judged to be poor to fair for slightly more than one half of the requirements. In the classic disciplinary areas, the state of technology readiness appears to be more advanced than for vehicle systems and operations.

A hybrid framework for coupling arbitrary summation-by-parts schemes on general meshes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lundquist, Tomas; Malan, Arnaud; Nordström, Jan

2018-06-01

We develop a general interface procedure to couple both structured and unstructured parts of a hybrid mesh in a non-collocated, multi-block fashion. The target is to gain optimal computational efficiency in fluid dynamics simulations involving complex geometries. While guaranteeing stability, the proposed procedure is optimized for accuracy and requires minimal algorithmic modifications to already existing schemes. Initial numerical investigations confirm considerable efficiency gains compared to non-hybrid calculations of up to an order of magnitude.

On a useful functional representation of control system structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malchow, Harvey L.

1988-01-01

An alternative structure for control systems is proposed. The structure is represented by a three-element block diagram and three functional definitions. It is argued that the three functional elements form a canonical set. The set includes the functions description, estimation and control. General overlay of the structure on parallel state and nested-state control systems is discussed. Breakdown of two real nested-state control systems into the proposed functional format is displayed. Application of the process to the mapping of complex control systems R and D efforts is explained with the Mars Rover Sample and Return mission as an example. A previous application of this basic functional structure to Space Station performance requirements organization is discussed.

Context generalization in Drosophila visual learning requires the mushroom bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Li; Wolf, Reinhard; Ernst, Roman; Heisenberg, Martin

1999-08-01

The world is permanently changing. Laboratory experiments on learning and memory normally minimize this feature of reality, keeping all conditions except the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli as constant as possible. In the real world, however, animals need to extract from the universe of sensory signals the actual predictors of salient events by separating them from non-predictive stimuli (context). In principle, this can be achieved ifonly those sensory inputs that resemble the reinforcer in theirtemporal structure are taken as predictors. Here we study visual learning in the fly Drosophila melanogaster, using a flight simulator,, and show that memory retrieval is, indeed, partially context-independent. Moreover, we show that the mushroom bodies, which are required for olfactory but not visual or tactile learning, effectively support context generalization. In visual learning in Drosophila, it appears that a facilitating effect of context cues for memory retrieval is the default state, whereas making recall context-independent requires additional processing.

OpenStructure: a flexible software framework for computational structural biology.

PubMed

Biasini, Marco; Mariani, Valerio; Haas, Jürgen; Scheuber, Stefan; Schenk, Andreas D; Schwede, Torsten; Philippsen, Ansgar

2010-10-15

Developers of new methods in computational structural biology are often hampered in their research by incompatible software tools and non-standardized data formats. To address this problem, we have developed OpenStructure as a modular open source platform to provide a powerful, yet flexible general working environment for structural bioinformatics. OpenStructure consists primarily of a set of libraries written in C++ with a cleanly designed application programmer interface. All functionality can be accessed directly in C++ or in a Python layer, meeting both the requirements for high efficiency and ease of use. Powerful selection queries and the notion of entity views to represent these selections greatly facilitate the development and implementation of algorithms on structural data. The modular integration of computational core methods with powerful visualization tools makes OpenStructure an ideal working and development environment. Several applications, such as the latest versions of IPLT and QMean, have been implemented based on OpenStructure-demonstrating its value for the development of next-generation structural biology algorithms. Source code licensed under the GNU lesser general public license and binaries for MacOS X, Linux and Windows are available for download at http://www.openstructure.org. torsten.schwede@unibas.ch Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Implementation of structure-mapping inference by event-file binding and action planning: a model of tool-improvisation analogies.

PubMed

Fields, Chris

2011-03-01

Structure-mapping inferences are generally regarded as dependent upon relational concepts that are understood and expressible in language by subjects capable of analogical reasoning. However, tool-improvisation inferences are executed by members of a variety of non-human primate and other species. Tool improvisation requires correctly inferring the motion and force-transfer affordances of an object; hence tool improvisation requires structure mapping driven by relational properties. Observational and experimental evidence can be interpreted to indicate that structure-mapping analogies in tool improvisation are implemented by multi-step manipulation of event files by binding and action-planning mechanisms that act in a language-independent manner. A functional model of language-independent event-file manipulations that implement structure mapping in the tool-improvisation domain is developed. This model provides a mechanism by which motion and force representations commonly employed in tool-improvisation structure mappings may be sufficiently reinforced to be available to inwardly directed attention and hence conceptualization. Predictions and potential experimental tests of this model are outlined.

Flow interaction with a flexible viscoelastic sheet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shoele, Kourosh

2017-11-01

Many new engineered materials and almost all soft biological tissues are made up of heterogeneous multi-scale components with complex viscoelastic behavior. This implies that their macro constitutive relations cannot be modeled sufficiently with a typical integer-order viscoelastic relation and a more general mode is required. Here, we study the flow-induced vibration of a viscoelastic sheet where a generalized fractional constitutive model is employed to represent the relation between the bending stress and the temporal response of the structure. A new method is proposed for the calculation of the convolution integral inside the fractal model and its computational benefits will be discussed. Using a coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methodology based on the immersed boundary technique, dynamic fluttering modes of the structure as a result of the fluid force will be presented and the role of fractal viscoelasticity on the dynamic of the structure will be shown. Finally, it will be argued how the stress relaxation modifies the flow-induced oscillatory responses of this benchmark problem.

A score-statistic approach for determining threshold values in QTL mapping.

PubMed

Kao, Chen-Hung; Ho, Hsiang-An

2012-06-01

Issues in determining the threshold values of QTL mapping are often investigated for the backcross and F2 populations with relatively simple genome structures so far. The investigations of these issues in the progeny populations after F2 (advanced populations) with relatively more complicated genomes are generally inadequate. As these advanced populations have been well implemented in QTL mapping, it is important to address these issues for them in more details. Due to an increasing number of meiosis cycle, the genomes of the advanced populations can be very different from the backcross and F2 genomes. Therefore, special devices that consider the specific genome structures present in the advanced populations are required to resolve these issues. By considering the differences in genome structure between populations, we formulate more general score test statistics and gaussian processes to evaluate their threshold values. In general, we found that, given a significance level and a genome size, threshold values for QTL detection are higher in the denser marker maps and in the more advanced populations. Simulations were performed to validate our approach.

Classifying the hierarchy of nonlinear-Schrödinger-equation rogue-wave solutions.

PubMed

Kedziora, David J; Ankiewicz, Adrian; Akhmediev, Nail

2013-07-01

We present a systematic classification for higher-order rogue-wave solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, constructed as the nonlinear superposition of first-order breathers via the recursive Darboux transformation scheme. This hierarchy is subdivided into structures that exhibit varying degrees of radial symmetry, all arising from independent degrees of freedom associated with physical translations of component breathers. We reveal the general rules required to produce these fundamental patterns. Consequently, we are able to extrapolate the general shape for rogue-wave solutions beyond order 6, at which point accuracy limitations due to current standards of numerical generation become non-negligible. Furthermore, we indicate how a large set of irregular rogue-wave solutions can be produced by hybridizing these fundamental structures.

Optimal control of large space structures via generalized inverse matrix

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Charles C.; Fang, Xiaowen

1987-01-01

Independent Modal Space Control (IMSC) is a control scheme that decouples the space structure into n independent second-order subsystems according to n controlled modes and controls each mode independently. It is well-known that the IMSC eliminates control and observation spillover caused when the conventional coupled modal control scheme is employed. The independent control of each mode requires that the number of actuators be equal to the number of modelled modes, which is very high for a faithful modeling of large space structures. A control scheme is proposed that allows one to use a reduced number of actuators to control all modeled modes suboptimally. In particular, the method of generalized inverse matrices is employed to implement the actuators such that the eigenvalues of the closed-loop system are as closed as possible to those specified by the optimal IMSC. Computer simulation of the proposed control scheme on a simply supported beam is given.

On the Use of Piezoelectric Sensors in Structural Mechanics: Some Novel Strategies

PubMed Central

Irschik, Hans; Krommer, Michael; Vetyukov, Yury

2010-01-01

In the present paper, a review on piezoelectric sensing of mechanical deformations and vibrations of so-called smart or intelligent structures is given. After a short introduction into piezoelectric sensing and actuation of such controlled structures, we pay special emphasis on the description of some own work, which has been performed at the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the Johannes Kepler University of Linz (JKU) in the last years. Among other aspects, this work has been motivated by the fact that collocated control of smart structures requires a sensor output that is work-conjugated to the input by the actuator. This fact in turn brings into the play the more general question of how to measure mechanically meaningful structural quantities, such as displacements, slopes, or other quantities, which form the work-conjugated quantities of the actuation, by means piezoelectric sensors. At least in the range of small strains, there is confidence that distributed piezoelectric sensors or sensor patches in smart structures do measure weighted integrals over their domain. Therefore, there is a need of distributing or shaping the sensor activity in order to be able to re-interpret the sensor signals in the desired mechanical sense. We sketch a general strategy that is based on a special application of work principles, more generally on displacement virials. We also review our work in the past on bringing this concept to application in smart structures, such as beams, rods and plates. PMID:22219679

On the use of piezoelectric sensors in structural mechanics: some novel strategies.

PubMed

Irschik, Hans; Krommer, Michael; Vetyukov, Yury

2010-01-01

In the present paper, a review on piezoelectric sensing of mechanical deformations and vibrations of so-called smart or intelligent structures is given. After a short introduction into piezoelectric sensing and actuation of such controlled structures, we pay special emphasis on the description of some own work, which has been performed at the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the Johannes Kepler University of Linz (JKU) in the last years. Among other aspects, this work has been motivated by the fact that collocated control of smart structures requires a sensor output that is work-conjugated to the input by the actuator. This fact in turn brings into the play the more general question of how to measure mechanically meaningful structural quantities, such as displacements, slopes, or other quantities, which form the work-conjugated quantities of the actuation, by means piezoelectric sensors. At least in the range of small strains, there is confidence that distributed piezoelectric sensors or sensor patches in smart structures do measure weighted integrals over their domain. Therefore, there is a need of distributing or shaping the sensor activity in order to be able to re-interpret the sensor signals in the desired mechanical sense. We sketch a general strategy that is based on a special application of work principles, more generally on displacement virials. We also review our work in the past on bringing this concept to application in smart structures, such as beams, rods and plates.

Requirements Specification Language (RSL) and supporting tools

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frincke, Deborah; Wolber, Dave; Fisher, Gene; Cohen, Gerald C.

1992-01-01

This document describes a general purpose Requirement Specification Language (RSL). RSL is a hybrid of features found in several popular requirement specification languages. The purpose of RSL is to describe precisely the external structure of a system comprised of hardware, software, and human processing elements. To overcome the deficiencies of informal specification languages, RSL includes facilities for mathematical specification. Two RSL interface tools are described. The Browser view contains a complete document with all details of the objects and operations. The Dataflow view is a specialized, operation-centered depiction of a specification that shows how specified operations relate in terms of inputs and outputs.

On I/O Virtualization Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Danciu, Vitalian A.; Metzker, Martin G.

The quick adoption of virtualization technology in general and the advent of the Cloud business model entail new requirements on the structure and the configuration of back-end I/O systems. Several approaches to virtualization of I/O links are being introduced, which aim at implementing a more flexible I/O channel configuration without compromising performance. While previously the management of I/O devices could be limited to basic technical requirments (e.g. the establishment and termination of fixed-point links), the additional flexibility carries in its wake additional management requirements on the representation and control of I/O sub-systems.

Development and Evaluation of a Casualty Evacuation Model for a European Conflict.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-01

EVAC, the computer code which implements our technique, has been used to solve a series of test problems in less time and requiring less memory than...the order of 1/K the amount of main memory for a K-commodity problem, so it can solve significantly larger problems than MCNF. I . 10 CHAPTER II A...technique may require only half the memory of the general L.P. package [6]. These advances are due to the efficient data structures which have been

Knowledge structures and the acquisition of a complex skill.

PubMed

Day, E A; Arthur, W; Gettman, D

2001-10-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the viability of knowledge structures as an operationalization of learning in the context of a task that required a high degree of skill. Over the course of 3 days, 86 men participated in 9 training sessions and learned a complex video game. At the end of acquisition, participants' knowledge structures were assessed. After a 4-day nonpractice interval, trainees completed tests of skill retention and skill transfer. Findings indicated that the similarity of trainees' knowledge structures to an expert structure was correlated with skill acquisition and was predictive of skill retention and skill transfer. However, the magnitude of these effects was dependent on the method used to derive the expert referent structure. Moreover, knowledge structures mediated the relationship between general cognitive ability and skill-based performance.

Experimental evaluation of active-member control of precision structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fanson, James; Blackwood, Gary; Chu, Cheng-Chih

1989-01-01

The results of closed loop experiments that use piezoelectric active-members to control the flexible motion of a precision truss structure are described. These experiments are directed toward the development of high-performance structural systems as part of the Control/Structure Interaction (CSI) program at JPL. The focus of CSI activity at JPL is to develop the technology necessary to accurately control both the shape and vibration levels in the precision structures from which proposed large space-based observatories will be built. Structural error budgets for these types of structures will likely be in the sub-micron regime; optical tolerances will be even tighter. In order to achieve system level stability and local positioning at this level, it is generally expected that some form of active control will be required.

Integrated structure/control law design by multilevel optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gilbert, Michael G.; Schmidt, David K.

1989-01-01

A new approach to integrated structure/control law design based on multilevel optimization is presented. This new approach is applicable to aircraft and spacecraft and allows for the independent design of the structure and control law. Integration of the designs is achieved through use of an upper level coordination problem formulation within the multilevel optimization framework. The method requires the use of structure and control law design sensitivity information. A general multilevel structure/control law design problem formulation is given, and the use of Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control law design and design sensitivity methods within the formulation is illustrated. Results of three simple integrated structure/control law design examples are presented. These results show the capability of structure and control law design tradeoffs to improve controlled system performance within the multilevel approach.

Future potential country doctor: the perspectives of German GPs.

PubMed

Natanzon, Iris; Szecsenyi, Joachim; Ose, Dominik; Joos, Stefanie

2010-01-01

There is a shortage of general practitioners (GPs) in many countries, especially in rural areas. There are several reasons for this shortage. Over the last decade, fewer medical students in Germany have decided to work in patient care, even fewer in general practice and fewer still in general practice in rural areas. The aim of this study was to explore the 'pros and cons' of GPs' work in rural areas and to identify from GPs' perspective possible measures for counteracting future GP shortages. Within a qualitative approach, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative content analysis. The results were categorized into three main inductively-derived categories: personal, professional and regional/structural level. A higher level of self-confidence and a higher 'feel-good' factor due to GPs originating from rural areas were positive aspects at the personal level. Regarding the professional level, a low level of competition and varied work made a GP's profession attractive in rural areas. Negative aspects were mostly apparent at the regional/structural level, such a low earnings and few leisure facilities. Measures to counter the lack of GPs in rural areas were explored on all three levels: on the personal level, more optimism and resulting satisfaction on the part of doctors in rural areas could be improved by enhancing the benefits of being a doctor in a rural area. Regarding the professional level, more group practices are required to make working as a GP in a rural area more attractive. At a regional/structural level, young physicians who originate from rural areas should be recruited to work in rural areas. Financial incentives are regarded as not sufficient to attract enough young physicians to open practices in rural areas. Future action will be required at the personal, professional and regional/structural levels. The origin of medical students (urban or rural) should be considered a relevant predicting factor for recruitment.

A Method for Incorporating Changing Structural Characteristics Due to Propellant Mass Usage in a Launch Vehicle Ascent Simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McGhee, D. S.

2004-01-01

Launch vehicles consume large quantities of propellant quickly, causing the mass properties and structural dynamics of the vehicle to change dramatically. Currently, structural load assessments account for this change with a large collection of structural models representing various propellant fill levels. This creates a large database of models complicating the delivery of reduced models and requiring extensive work for model changes. Presented here is a method to account for these mass changes in a more efficient manner. The method allows for the subtraction of propellant mass as the propellant is used in the simulation. This subtraction is done in the modal domain of the vehicle generalized model. Additional computation required is primarily for constructing the used propellant mass matrix from an initial propellant model and further matrix multiplications and subtractions. An additional eigenvalue solution is required to uncouple the new equations of motion; however, this is a much simplier calculation starting from a system that is already substantially uncoupled. The method was successfully tested in a simulation of Saturn V loads. Results from the method are compared to results from separate structural models for several propellant levels, showing excellent agreement. Further development to encompass more complicated propellant models, including slosh dynamics, is possible.

21 CFR 201.300 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of glandular preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... function of the human body that they are intended to affect. Since any such representations offering these..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL LABELING Specific Labeling Requirements... structure or any function of the body. (b) Manufacturers have heretofore taken advantage of § 201.100...

21 CFR 201.300 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of glandular preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... function of the human body that they are intended to affect. Since any such representations offering these..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL LABELING Specific Labeling Requirements... structure or any function of the body. (b) Manufacturers have heretofore taken advantage of § 201.100...

21 CFR 201.300 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of glandular preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... function of the human body that they are intended to affect. Since any such representations offering these..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL LABELING Specific Labeling Requirements... structure or any function of the body. (b) Manufacturers have heretofore taken advantage of § 201.100...

21 CFR 201.300 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of glandular preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... function of the human body that they are intended to affect. Since any such representations offering these..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL LABELING Specific Labeling Requirements... structure or any function of the body. (b) Manufacturers have heretofore taken advantage of § 201.100...

33 CFR 241.4 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... interest at a lower level than the standard non-Federal share that would be required under the provisions...) Any reductions in the level of non-Federal cost-sharing as a result of the application of this test... ability to pay test should be structured so that reductions in the level of cost-sharing will be granted...

The Spiritual and Moral Education of Russia's School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniliuk, A. Ia.; Kondakov, A. M.; Tishkov, V. A.

2010-01-01

This article discusses the new draft of the Federal State Standards of General Education which designates spiritual and moral upbringing as a key task of present-day education. In accordance with the Standards' requirements, the structure of the basic educational program shall, in addition to the fundamental nucleus of the content of the…

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

24 CFR 35.125 - Notice of evaluation and hazard reduction activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.125 Notice of... is undertaken and lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards are found to be present, or if a...

24 CFR 35.125 - Notice of evaluation and hazard reduction activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.125 Notice of... is undertaken and lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards are found to be present, or if a...

24 CFR 35.125 - Notice of evaluation and hazard reduction activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.125 Notice of... is undertaken and lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards are found to be present, or if a...

24 CFR 35.125 - Notice of evaluation and hazard reduction activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., Department of Housing and Urban Development LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES General Lead-Based Paint Requirements and Definitions for All Programs. § 35.125 Notice of... is undertaken and lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards are found to be present, or if a...

33 CFR 67.10-20 - Sound signal tests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sound signal tests. 67.10-20... NAVIGATION AIDS TO NAVIGATION ON ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS AND FIXED STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-20 Sound signal tests. (a) Sound signal tests must: (1) Be made by the applicant in the...

NHEXAS PHASE I ARIZONA STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR GENERAL LABORATORY TRAINING PLAN--BATTELLE (BCO-T-1.0)

EPA Science Inventory

This SOP describes the training sequence followed by each member of the technical staff at Battelle who participates in the NHEXAS project. The procedure is designed to provide them with an overview of the project in terms of project goals, structure, and laboratory requirements...

33 CFR 322.1 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the review of applications for Department of the Army (DA) permits to authorize certain structures or... authorities of the DA. These include discharges of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States... Act of 1972, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1413; see 33 CFR part 324). A DA permit will also be required under...

33 CFR 320.4 - General policies for evaluating permit applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... specific factor may be given great weight on one proposal, while it may not be present or as important on... will ask the Governor to express his views or to designate one state agency to represent the official... are designed for safety, non-Federal applicants may be required to demonstrate that the structures...

33 CFR 320.4 - General policies for evaluating permit applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... specific factor may be given great weight on one proposal, while it may not be present or as important on... will ask the Governor to express his views or to designate one state agency to represent the official... are designed for safety, non-Federal applicants may be required to demonstrate that the structures...

33 CFR 320.4 - General policies for evaluating permit applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... specific factor may be given great weight on one proposal, while it may not be present or as important on... will ask the Governor to express his views or to designate one state agency to represent the official... are designed for safety, non-Federal applicants may be required to demonstrate that the structures...

Early Sentence Productions of 5-Year-Old Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Binger, Cathy; Kent-Walsh, Jennifer; King, Marika; Webb, Eliza; Buenviaje, Elijia

2017-01-01

Four 5-year-old children with receptive language within normal limits and who required augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) received instruction in producing six different semantic--syntactic structures (three treatment and three generalization targets). Participants accessed single-meaning graphic symbols using an AAC app on an iPad…

CAVE3: A general transient heat transfer computer code utilizing eigenvectors and eigenvalues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmieri, J. V.; Rathjen, K. A.

1978-01-01

The method of solution is a hybrid analytical numerical technique which utilizes eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The method is inherently stable, permitting large time steps even with the best of conductors with the finest of mesh sizes which can provide a factor of five reduction in machine time compared to conventional explicit finite difference methods when structures with small time constants are analyzed over long time periods. This code will find utility in analyzing hypersonic missile and aircraft structures which fall naturally into this class. The code is a completely general one in that problems involving any geometry, boundary conditions and materials can be analyzed. This is made possible by requiring the user to establish the thermal network conductances between nodes. Dynamic storage allocation is used to minimize core storage requirements. This report is primarily a user's manual for CAVE3 code. Input and output formats are presented and explained. Sample problems are included which illustrate the usage of the code as well as establish the validity and accuracy of the method.

Remote access application for general physics examinations in the Magistracy Institute of National Research Nuclear University MEPhI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalashnikov, N. P.; Muravyev-Smirnov, S. S.; Samarchenko, D. A.; Tyulyusov, A. N.

2017-01-01

We discuss the remote training technique in general physics for foreign students. The examination for the student certification was chosen in the quiz form for all parts of the general physics course. This article describes the basic principles of the creation and placement of the structured question bank for the distance learning system. The possibility of creating an adaptive tests system on the basis of the minimal state education requirements is described. The examination results are analyzed and the tests validity is carried out based on the comparison of the exam results with a student certification during the semester.

Estimation of payload loads using rigid body interface accelerations. [in structural design of launch vehicle systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, J. C.; Garba, J. A.; Wada, B. K.

1978-01-01

In the design/analysis process of a payload structural system, the accelerations at the payload/launch vehicle interface obtained from a system analysis using a rigid payload are often used as the input forcing function to the elastic payload to obtain structural design loads. Such an analysis is at best an approximation since the elastic coupling effects are neglected. This paper develops a method wherein the launch vehicle/rigid payload interface accelerations are modified to account for the payload elasticity. The advantage of the proposed method, which is exact to the extent that the physical system can be described by a truncated set of generalized coordinates, is that the complete design/analysis process can be performed within the organization responsible for the payload design. The method requires the updating of the system normal modes to account for payload changes, but does not require a complete transient solution using the composite system model. An application to a real complex structure, the Viking Spacecraft System, is given.

Access to finance from different finance provider types: Farmer knowledge of the requirements.

PubMed

Wulandari, Eliana; Meuwissen, Miranda P M; Karmana, Maman H; Oude Lansink, Alfons G J M

2017-01-01

Analysing farmer knowledge of the requirements of finance providers can provide valuable insights to policy makers about ways to improve farmers' access to finance. This study compares farmer knowledge of the requirements to obtain finance with the actual requirements set by different finance provider types, and investigates the relation between demographic and socioeconomic factors and farmer knowledge of finance requirements. We use a structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of finance providers and farmers in Java Island, Indonesia. We find that the most important requirements to acquire finance vary among different finance provider types. We also find that farmers generally have little knowledge of the requirements, which are important to each type of finance provider. Awareness campaigns are needed to increase farmer knowledge of the diversity of requirements among the finance provider types.

Access to finance from different finance provider types: Farmer knowledge of the requirements

PubMed Central

Meuwissen, Miranda P. M.; Karmana, Maman H.; Oude Lansink, Alfons G. J. M.

2017-01-01

Analysing farmer knowledge of the requirements of finance providers can provide valuable insights to policy makers about ways to improve farmers’ access to finance. This study compares farmer knowledge of the requirements to obtain finance with the actual requirements set by different finance provider types, and investigates the relation between demographic and socioeconomic factors and farmer knowledge of finance requirements. We use a structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of finance providers and farmers in Java Island, Indonesia. We find that the most important requirements to acquire finance vary among different finance provider types. We also find that farmers generally have little knowledge of the requirements, which are important to each type of finance provider. Awareness campaigns are needed to increase farmer knowledge of the diversity of requirements among the finance provider types. PMID:28877174

Boosted ARTMAP: modifications to fuzzy ARTMAP motivated by boosting theory.

PubMed

Verzi, Stephen J; Heileman, Gregory L; Georgiopoulos, Michael

2006-05-01

In this paper, several modifications to the Fuzzy ARTMAP neural network architecture are proposed for conducting classification in complex, possibly noisy, environments. The goal of these modifications is to improve upon the generalization performance of Fuzzy ART-based neural networks, such as Fuzzy ARTMAP, in these situations. One of the major difficulties of employing Fuzzy ARTMAP on such learning problems involves over-fitting of the training data. Structural risk minimization is a machine-learning framework that addresses the issue of over-fitting by providing a backbone for analysis as well as an impetus for the design of better learning algorithms. The theory of structural risk minimization reveals a trade-off between training error and classifier complexity in reducing generalization error, which will be exploited in the learning algorithms proposed in this paper. Boosted ART extends Fuzzy ART by allowing the spatial extent of each cluster formed to be adjusted independently. Boosted ARTMAP generalizes upon Fuzzy ARTMAP by allowing non-zero training error in an effort to reduce the hypothesis complexity and hence improve overall generalization performance. Although Boosted ARTMAP is strictly speaking not a boosting algorithm, the changes it encompasses were motivated by the goals that one strives to achieve when employing boosting. Boosted ARTMAP is an on-line learner, it does not require excessive parameter tuning to operate, and it reduces precisely to Fuzzy ARTMAP for particular parameter values. Another architecture described in this paper is Structural Boosted ARTMAP, which uses both Boosted ART and Boosted ARTMAP to perform structural risk minimization learning. Structural Boosted ARTMAP will allow comparison of the capabilities of off-line versus on-line learning as well as empirical risk minimization versus structural risk minimization using Fuzzy ARTMAP-based neural network architectures. Both empirical and theoretical results are presented to enhance the understanding of these architectures.

Asp133 Residue in NhaA Na+/H+ Antiporter Is Required for Stability Cation Binding and Transport.

PubMed

Rimon, Abraham; Dwivedi, Manish; Friedler, Assaf; Padan, Etana

2018-03-16

Na + /H + antiporters have a crucial role in pH and Na + homeostasis in cells. The crystal structure of NhaA, the main antiporter of Escherichia coli, has provided general insights into antiporter mechanisms and revealed a previously unknown structural fold, which has since been identified in several secondary active transporters. This unique structural fold is very delicately electrostatically balanced. Asp133 and Lys 300 have been ascribed essential roles in this balance and, more generally, in the structure and function of the antiporter. In this work, we show the multiple roles of Asp133 in NhaA: (i) The residue's negative charge is critical for the stability of the NhaA structure. (ii) Its main chain is part of the active site. (iii) Its side chain functions as an alkaline-pH-dependent gate, changing the protein's conformation from an inward-facing conformation at acidic pH to an outward-open conformation at alkaline pH, opening the periplasm funnel. On the basis of the experimental data, we propose a tentative mechanism integrating the structural and functional roles of Asp133. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Accessible cell phone design: development and application of a needs analysis framework.

PubMed

Smith-Jackson, Tonya; Nussbaum, Maury; Mooney, Aaron

2003-05-20

This research describes the development and use of the Needs Analysis and Requirements Acquisition (NARA) framework to elicit and construct user requirements for the design of cell phones (which are a type of assistive technology) that are both usable and accessible to persons with disabilities. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group were used to elicit information and a systematic approach was used to translation information into requirements (construct). Elicitation and construction are the first two stages of NARA. Requirements for general and feature-specific phone attributes were identified, and several requirements were found to match six of the seven universal design principles. The study demonstrated that NARA is both a straight-forward and cost-effective method to develop user requirements and can be used throughout the development cycle.

[Tricuspid valve insufficiency: what should be done?].

PubMed

von Segesser, L K; Stauffer, J C; Delabays, A; Chassot, P G

1998-12-01

Tricuspid regurgitation is relatively common. Due to the progress made in echocardiography, its diagnosis is in general made readily and in reliable fashion. Basically one has to distinguish between functional tricuspid valve regurgitation due to volume and/or pressure overload of the right ventricle with intact valve structures versus tricuspid valve regurgitation due to pathologic valve structures. The clear identification of the regurgitation mechanism is of prime importance for the treatment. Functional tricuspid valve regurgitation can often be improved by medical treatment of heart failure, and eventually a tricuspid valve plasty can solve the problem. However, the presence of pathologic tricuspid valve structures makes in general more specific plastic surgical procedures and even prosthetic valve replacements necessary. A typical example for a structural tricuspid valve regurgitation is the case of a traumatic papillary muscle rupture. Due to the sudden onset, this pathology is not well tolerated and requires in general surgical reinsertion of the papillary muscle. In contrast, tricuspid valve regurgitation resulting from chronic pulmonary embolism with pulmonary artery hypertension, can be improved by pulmonary artery thrombendarteriectomy and even completely cured with an additional tricuspid annuloplasty. However, tricuspid regurgitations due to terminal heart failure are not be addressed with surgery directed to tricuspid valve repair or replacement. Heart transplantation, dynamic cardiomyoplasty or mechanical circulatory support should be evaluated instead.

DL_MG: A Parallel Multigrid Poisson and Poisson-Boltzmann Solver for Electronic Structure Calculations in Vacuum and Solution.

PubMed

Womack, James C; Anton, Lucian; Dziedzic, Jacek; Hasnip, Phil J; Probert, Matt I J; Skylaris, Chris-Kriton

2018-03-13

The solution of the Poisson equation is a crucial step in electronic structure calculations, yielding the electrostatic potential-a key component of the quantum mechanical Hamiltonian. In recent decades, theoretical advances and increases in computer performance have made it possible to simulate the electronic structure of extended systems in complex environments. This requires the solution of more complicated variants of the Poisson equation, featuring nonhomogeneous dielectric permittivities, ionic concentrations with nonlinear dependencies, and diverse boundary conditions. The analytic solutions generally used to solve the Poisson equation in vacuum (or with homogeneous permittivity) are not applicable in these circumstances, and numerical methods must be used. In this work, we present DL_MG, a flexible, scalable, and accurate solver library, developed specifically to tackle the challenges of solving the Poisson equation in modern large-scale electronic structure calculations on parallel computers. Our solver is based on the multigrid approach and uses an iterative high-order defect correction method to improve the accuracy of solutions. Using two chemically relevant model systems, we tested the accuracy and computational performance of DL_MG when solving the generalized Poisson and Poisson-Boltzmann equations, demonstrating excellent agreement with analytic solutions and efficient scaling to ∼10 9 unknowns and 100s of CPU cores. We also applied DL_MG in actual large-scale electronic structure calculations, using the ONETEP linear-scaling electronic structure package to study a 2615 atom protein-ligand complex with routinely available computational resources. In these calculations, the overall execution time with DL_MG was not significantly greater than the time required for calculations using a conventional FFT-based solver.

Sensitivity analysis for axis rotation diagrid structural systems according to brace angle changes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Jae-Kwang; Li, Long-Yang; Park, Sung-Soo

2017-10-01

General regular shaped diagrid structures can express diverse shapes because braces are installed along the exterior faces of the structures and the structures have no columns. However, since irregular shaped structures have diverse variables, studies to assess behaviors resulting from various variables are continuously required to supplement the imperfections related to such variables. In the present study, materials elastic modulus and yield strength were selected as variables for strength that would be applied to diagrid structural systems in the form of Twisters among the irregular shaped buildings classified by Vollers and that affect the structural design of these structural systems. The purpose of this study is to conduct sensitivity analysis for axial rotation diagrid structural systems according to changes in brace angles in order to identify the design variables that have relatively larger effects and the tendencies of the sensitivity of the structures according to changes in brace angles and axial rotation angles.

On singular cases in the design derivative of Green's functional

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reiss, Robert

1987-01-01

The author's prior development of a general abstract representation for the design sensitivities of Green's functional for linear structural systems is extended to the case where the structural stiffness vanishes at an internal location. This situation often occurs in the optimal design of structures. Most optimality criteria require that optimally designed beams be statically determinate. For clamped-pinned beams, for example, this is possible only if the flexural stiffness vanishes at some intermediate location. The Green's function for such structures depends upon the stiffness and the location where it vanishes. A precise representation for Green's function's sensitivity to the location of vanishing stiffness is presented for beams and axisymmetric plates.

Multishaker modal testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Craig, R. R., Jr.

1985-01-01

A component mode synthesis method for damped structures was developed and modal test methods were explored which could be employed to determine the relevant parameters required by the component mode synthesis method. Research was conducted on the following topics: (1) Development of a generalized time-domain component mode synthesis technique for damped systems; (2) Development of a frequency-domain component mode synthesis method for damped systems; and (3) Development of a system identification algorithm applicable to general damped systems. Abstracts are presented of the major publications which have been previously issued on these topics.

77 FR 29629 - El Paso Natural Gas Company; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Assessment for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... that would connect the Project pipeline to the existing Samalayuca Lateral. The general location of the... instructions on connecting to eLibrary, refer to the last page of this notice. Land Requirements for..., building, structure, or object included in or eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 100 - Seismic and Geologic Siting Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

.... purpose General Design Criterion 2 of Appendix A to part 50 of this chapter requires that nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components important to safety be designed to withstand the effects of... proposed sites for nuclear power plants and the suitability of the plant design bases established in...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 100 - Seismic and Geologic Siting Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

.... purpose General Design Criterion 2 of Appendix A to part 50 of this chapter requires that nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components important to safety be designed to withstand the effects of... proposed sites for nuclear power plants and the suitability of the plant design bases established in...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 100 - Seismic and Geologic Siting Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

.... purpose General Design Criterion 2 of Appendix A to part 50 of this chapter requires that nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components important to safety be designed to withstand the effects of... proposed sites for nuclear power plants and the suitability of the plant design bases established in...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 100 - Seismic and Geologic Siting Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

.... purpose General Design Criterion 2 of Appendix A to part 50 of this chapter requires that nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components important to safety be designed to withstand the effects of... proposed sites for nuclear power plants and the suitability of the plant design bases established in...

Angle to grain strength of dowel-type fasteners

Treesearch

Lawrence A. Soltis; Suparman Karnasudirdja; James K. Little

1987-01-01

Timber structures require adequate connections between components. Connection design is based on the performance criterion of a single fastener. This study is part of a research effort by the Forest Products Laboratory to establish a common basis design criteria for lateral strength of dowel-type fasteners that includes nails, screws, lag screws, and bolts. A general...

10 CFR Appendix A to Part 100 - Seismic and Geologic Siting Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... purpose General Design Criterion 2 of Appendix A to part 50 of this chapter requires that nuclear power plant structures, systems, and components important to safety be designed to withstand the effects of... proposed sites for nuclear power plants and the suitability of the plant design bases established in...

U.S.-MEXICO BORDER PROGRAM ARIZONA BORDER STUDY--STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR GENERAL LABORATORY TRAINING PLAN (BCO-T-1.0)

EPA Science Inventory

This SOP describes the training sequence followed by each member of the technical staff at Battelle who participates in the project. The procedure is designed to provide them with an overview of the project in terms of project goals, structure, and laboratory requirements. This...

Surface spontaneous parametric down-conversion.

PubMed

Perina, Jan; Luks, Antonín; Haderka, Ondrej; Scalora, Michael

2009-08-07

Surface spontaneous parametric down-conversion is predicted as a consequence of continuity requirements for electric- and magnetic-field amplitudes at a discontinuity of chi;{(2)} nonlinearity. A generalization of the usual two-photon spectral amplitude is suggested to describe this effect. Examples of nonlinear layered structures and periodically poled nonlinear crystals show that surface contributions to spontaneous down-conversion can be important.

Project CAD as of July 1978: CAD support project, situation in July 1978

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boesch, L.; Lang-Lendorff, G.; Rothenberg, R.; Stelzer, V.

1979-01-01

The structure of Computer Aided Design (CAD) and the requirements for program developments in past and future are described. The actual standard and the future aims of CAD programs are presented. The developed programs in: (1) civil engineering; (2) mechanical engineering; (3) chemical engineering/shipbuilding; (4) electrical engineering; and (5) general programs are discussed.

Relaxation of structural parameters and potential coefficients of nonrigid molecules. General symmetry properties and application to ab initio study of 1,2-difluoroethane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ha, T.-K.; Günthard, H. H.

1989-07-01

Structural parameters like bond length, bond angles, etc. and harmonic and anharmonic potential coefficients of molecules with internal rotation, inversion or puckering modes are generally assumed to vary with the large amplitude internal coordinates in a concerted manner (relaxation). Taking the coordinate vectors of the nuclear configuration of semirigid molecules with relaxation (SRMRs) as functions of relaxing structural parameters and finite amplitude internal coordinate, the isometric group of SRMRs is discussed and the irreducible representations of the latter are shown to classify into engendered and nonengendered ones. On this basis a concept of equivalent sets of nuclei SRMRs is introduced and an analytical expression is derived which defines the most general functional form of relaxation increments of all common types of structural parameters compatible with isometric symmetry. This formula is shown to be a close analog of an analytical expression defining the transformations induced by the isometric group of infinitesimal internal coordinates associated with typical structural parameters. Furthermore analogous formulae are given for the most general form of the relaxation of harmonic potential coefficients as a function of finite internal coordinates. The general relations are illustrated by ab initio calculations for 1,2-difluoroethane at the MP4/DZP//HF/4-31G* level for twelve values of the dihedral angle including complete structure optimization. The potential to internal rotation is found to be in essential agreement with experimentally derived data. For a complete set of ab initio structural parameters the associated relaxation increments are represented as Fourier series, which are shown to confirm the form predicted by the general formula and the isometric group of 1,2-difluoroethane. Depending on type of the structural parameters (bond length, bond angles, etc.), the associated relaxation increments appear to follow some simple rules. Similarly a complete set of harmonic potential coefficients derived from the ab initio calculations will be analyzed in terms of Fourier series and shown to conform to the symmetry requirements of the symmetry group. Relaxation of potential coefficients is found to amount to up to ≈5% for some types of diagonal and nondiagonal terms and to reflect certain "topological" rules similar to regularities of harmonic potential constants of quasi-rigid molecules found in empirical determinations of valence force fields.

75 FR 61857 - Statement on Sound Practices Concerning Elevated Risk Complex Structured Finance Activities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-06

...The Department of the Treasury, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to comment on proposed and continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3507. The Office of Thrift Supervision within the Department of the Treasury will submit the proposed information collection requirement described below to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act. Today, OTS is soliciting public comments on its proposal to extend this information collection.

[Modeling the requirements on routine data of general practitioners from the health-care researcher's point of view with the help of unified modeling langauge (UML)].

PubMed

Kersting, M; Hauswaldt, J; Lingner, H

2012-08-01

Health-care research is, besides primary acquired study data, based on data from widely differing secondary sources. In order to link, compare and analyze data sources uniform models and methods are needed. This could be facilitated by a more structured description of requirements, models and methods of health-care research than those currently used. Suitable methods of presentation were sought in an approach to this target and the unified modeling language (UML) identified as a possible alternative. Using different tools 3 UML diagrams were created to represent some individual aspects of a scientific use file (SUF): A use case diagram as well as an activity and a class diagram. In the use case diagram we attempted to represent the general use cases of an SUF based on general practitioners routine data. Secondly a class diagram was constructed to visualize the contents and structure of a SUF. Thirdly an activity diagram was developed to graphically represent the concept of a general practitioner's episode of care. The creation of the UML diagrams was possible without any technical difficulties. Regarding the content the 3 diagrams must still be considered as prototypes. The use case diagram shows possible uses and users of an SUF, e. g. a research worker, industry but also the general practitioner who supplies the data. The class diagram reveals a general data structure that can serve information processes in practice and research. Besides aggregation, possibilities for specialization and generalization are essential elements of the class diagram that can be used meaningfully. The activity diagram for the schematic representation of a general practitioner's episode of care reveals the existence of multiple endpoints of an episode and the possibility to form relationships by means of episodes (diagnosis>therapy). The constructed diagrams are preliminary results and should be refined in future steps. Use case diagrams enable a rapid overview of the meaning and purpose of a system, in this case an SUF. Class diagrams can help at a professional level to describe relationships between entities (classes/objects) more clearly than with the existing methods of representation. Activity diagrams are successors to classic flow charts. They are complemented appropriately by status diagrams. UML is suitable to uniformly and graphically describe a system (here an SUF) from various points of view. In future, validated UML models will help us to present scientific concepts and results in a more structured form than before and to promote the technological use of these concepts in practice. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Nonlinear Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling Using Wind Tunnel and Computational Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Murphy, Patrick C.; Klein, Vladislav; Frink, Neal T.

2016-01-01

Extensions to conventional aircraft aerodynamic models are required to adequately predict responses when nonlinear unsteady flight regimes are encountered, especially at high incidence angles and under maneuvering conditions. For a number of reasons, such as loss of control, both military and civilian aircraft may extend beyond normal and benign aerodynamic flight conditions. In addition, military applications may require controlled flight beyond the normal envelope, and civilian flight may require adequate recovery or prevention methods from these adverse conditions. These requirements have led to the development of more general aerodynamic modeling methods and provided impetus for researchers to improve both techniques and the degree of collaboration between analytical and experimental research efforts. In addition to more general mathematical model structures, dynamic test methods have been designed to provide sufficient information to allow model identification. This paper summarizes research to develop a modeling methodology appropriate for modeling aircraft aerodynamics that include nonlinear unsteady behaviors using both experimental and computational test methods. This work was done at Langley Research Center, primarily under the NASA Aviation Safety Program, to address aircraft loss of control, prevention, and recovery aerodynamics.

Deployable bamboo structure project: A building life-cycle report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Firdaus, Adrian; Prastyatama, Budianastas; Sagara, Altho; Wirabuana, Revian N.

2017-11-01

Bamboo is considered as a sustainable material in the world of construction, and it is vastly available in Indonesia. The general utilization of the material is increasingly frequent, however, its usage as a deployable structure-a recently-developed use of bamboo, is still untapped. This paper presents a report on a deployable bamboo structure project, covering the entire building life-cycle phase. The cycle encompasses the designing; fabrication; transportation; construction; operation and maintenance; as well as a plan for future re-use. The building is made of a configuration of the structural module, each being a folding set of bars which could be reduced in size to fit into vehicles for easy transportation. Each structural module was made of Gigantochloa apus bamboo. The fabrication, transportation, and construction phase require by a minimum of three workers. The fabrication and construction phase require three hours and fifteen minutes respectively. The building is utilized as cafeteria stands, the operation and maintenance phase started since early March 2017. The maintenance plan is scheduled on a monthly basis, focusing on the inspection of the locking mechanism element and the entire structural integrity. The building is designed to allow disassembly process so that it is reusable in the future.

It's time to reinvent the general aviation airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stengel, Robert F.

1988-01-01

Current designs for general aviation airplanes have become obsolete, and avenues for major redesign must be considered. New designs should incorporate recent advances in electronics, aerodynamics, structures, materials, and propulsion. Future airplanes should be optimized to operate satisfactorily in a positive air traffic control environment, to afford safety and comfort for point-to-point transportation, and to take advantage of automated manufacturing techniques and high production rates. These requirements have broad implications for airplane design and flying qualities, leading to a concept for the Modern Equipment General Aviation (MEGA) airplane. Synergistic improvements in design, production, and operation can provide a much needed fresh start for the general aviation industry and the traveling public. In this investigation a small four place airplane is taken as the reference, although the proposed philosophy applies across the entire spectrum of general aviation.

Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents: factorial invariance across gender and age in Hispanic American adolescents.

PubMed

La Greca, Annette M; Ingles, Candido J; Lai, Betty S; Marzo, Juan C

2015-04-01

Social anxiety is a common psychological disorder that often emerges during adolescence and is associated with significant impairment. Efforts to prevent social anxiety disorder require sound assessment measures for identifying anxious youth, especially those from minority backgrounds. We examined the factorial invariance and latent mean differences of the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) across gender and age groups in Hispanic American adolescents (N = 1,191; 56% girls; 15-18 years) using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses. Results indicated that the factorial configuration of the correlated three-factor model of the SAS-A was invariant across gender and age. Analyses of latent mean differences revealed that boys exhibited higher structured means than girls on the Social Avoidance and Distress-General (SAD-General) subscale. On all SAS-A subscales, Fear of Negative Evaluation, Social Avoidance and Distress-New, and SAD-General, estimates of the structured means decreased with adolescent age. Implications for further research and clinical practice are discussed. © The Author(s) 2014.

R2R - software to speed the depiction of aesthetic consensus RNA secondary structures

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background With continuing identification of novel structured noncoding RNAs, there is an increasing need to create schematic diagrams showing the consensus features of these molecules. RNA structural diagrams are typically made either with general-purpose drawing programs like Adobe Illustrator, or with automated or interactive programs specific to RNA. Unfortunately, the use of applications like Illustrator is extremely time consuming, while existing RNA-specific programs produce figures that are useful, but usually not of the same aesthetic quality as those produced at great cost in Illustrator. Additionally, most existing RNA-specific applications are designed for drawing single RNA molecules, not consensus diagrams. Results We created R2R, a computer program that facilitates the generation of aesthetic and readable drawings of RNA consensus diagrams in a fraction of the time required with general-purpose drawing programs. Since the inference of a consensus RNA structure typically requires a multiple-sequence alignment, the R2R user annotates the alignment with commands directing the layout and annotation of the RNA. R2R creates SVG or PDF output that can be imported into Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape or CorelDRAW. R2R can be used to create consensus sequence and secondary structure models for novel RNA structures or to revise models when new representatives for known RNA classes become available. Although R2R does not currently have a graphical user interface, it has proven useful in our efforts to create 100 schematic models of distinct noncoding RNA classes. Conclusions R2R makes it possible to obtain high-quality drawings of the consensus sequence and structural models of many diverse RNA structures with a more practical amount of effort. R2R software is available at http://breaker.research.yale.edu/R2R and as an Additional file. PMID:21205310

A Note on the Problem of Proper Time in Weyl Space-Time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avalos, R.; Dahia, F.; Romero, C.

2018-02-01

We discuss the question of whether or not a general Weyl structure is a suitable mathematical model of space-time. This is an issue that has been in debate since Weyl formulated his unified field theory for the first time. We do not present the discussion from the point of view of a particular unification theory, but instead from a more general standpoint, in which the viability of such a structure as a model of space-time is investigated. Our starting point is the well known axiomatic approach to space-time given by Elhers, Pirani and Schild (EPS). In this framework, we carry out an exhaustive analysis of what is required for a consistent definition for proper time and show that such a definition leads to the prediction of the so-called "second clock effect". We take the view that if, based on experience, we were to reject space-time models predicting this effect, this could be incorporated as the last axiom in the EPS approach. Finally, we provide a proof that, in this case, we are led to a Weyl integrable space-time as the most general structure that would be suitable to model space-time.

Improving stability and strength characteristics of framed structures with nonlinear behavior

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pezeshk, Shahram

1990-01-01

In this paper an optimal design procedure is introduced to improve the overall performance of nonlinear framed structures. The design methodology presented here is a multiple-objective optimization procedure whose objective functions involve the buckling eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the structure. A constant volume with bounds on the design variables is used in conjunction with an optimality criterion approach. The method provides a general tool for solving complex design problems and generally leads to structures with better limit strength and stability. Many algorithms have been developed to improve the limit strength of structures. In most applications geometrically linear analysis is employed with the consequence that overall strength of the design is overestimated. Directly optimizing the limit load of the structure would require a full nonlinear analysis at each iteration which would be prohibitively expensive. The objective of this paper is to develop an algorithm that can improve the limit-load of geometrically nonlinear framed structures while avoiding the nonlinear analysis. One of the novelties of the new design methodology is its ability to efficiently model and design structures under multiple loading conditions. These loading conditions can be different factored loads or any kind of loads that can be applied to the structure simultaneously or independently. Attention is focused on optimal design of space framed structures. Three-dimensional design problems are more complicated to carry out, but they yield insight into real behavior of the structure and can help avoiding some of the problems that might appear in planar design procedure such as the need for out-of-plane buckling constraint. Although researchers in the field of structural engineering generally agree that optimum design of three-dimension building frames especially in the seismic regions would be beneficial, methods have been slow to emerge. Most of the research in this area has dealt with the optimization of truss and plane frame structures.

Cosmic structures and gravitational waves in ghost-free scalar-tensor theories of gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bartolo, Nicola; Karmakar, Purnendu; Matarrese, Sabino; Scomparin, Mattia

2018-05-01

We study cosmic structures in the quadratic Degenerate Higher Order Scalar Tensor (qDHOST) model, which has been proposed as the most general scalar-tensor theory (up to quadratic dependence on the covariant derivatives of the scalar field), which is not plagued by the presence of ghost instabilities. We then study a static, spherically symmetric object embedded in de Sitter space-time for the qDHOST model. This model exhibits breaking of the Vainshtein mechanism inside the cosmic structure and Schwarzschild-de Sitter space-time outside, where General Relativity (GR) can be recovered within the Vainshtein radius. We constrained the parameters of the qDHOST model by requiring the validity of the Vainshtein screening mechanism inside the cosmic structures and the consistency with the recently established bounds on gravitational wave speed from GW170817/GRB170817A event. We find that these two constraints rule out the same set of parameters, corresponding to the Lagrangians that are quadratic in second-order derivatives of the scalar field, for the shift symmetric qDHOST.

The generalized scattering coefficient method for plane wave scattering in layered structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yu; Li, Chao; Wang, Huai-Yu; Zhou, Yun-Song

2017-02-01

The generalized scattering coefficient (GSC) method is pedagogically derived and employed to study the scattering of plane waves in homogeneous and inhomogeneous layered structures. The numerical stabilities and accuracies of this method and other commonly used numerical methods are discussed and compared. For homogeneous layered structures, concise scattering formulas with clear physical interpretations and strong numerical stability are obtained by introducing the GSCs. For inhomogeneous layered structures, three numerical methods are employed: the staircase approximation method, the power series expansion method, and the differential equation based on the GSCs. We investigate the accuracies and convergence behaviors of these methods by comparing their predictions to the exact results. The conclusions are as follows. The staircase approximation method has a slow convergence in spite of its simple and intuitive implementation, and a fine stratification within the inhomogeneous layer is required for obtaining accurate results. The expansion method results are sensitive to the expansion order, and the treatment becomes very complicated for relatively complex configurations, which restricts its applicability. By contrast, the GSC-based differential equation possesses a simple implementation while providing fast and accurate results.

Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Containment Structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Graves, H.L.; Naus, D.J.; Norris, W.E.

1998-12-01

Safety-related nuclear power plant (NPP) structures are designed to withstand loadings from a number of low-probability external and interval events, such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and loss-of-coolant accidents. Loadings incurred during normal plant operation therefore generally are not significant enough to cause appreciable degradation. However, these structures are susceptible to aging by various processes depending on the operating environment and service conditions. The effects of these processes may accumulate within these structures over time to cause failure under design conditions, or lead to costly repair. In the late 1980s and early 1990s several occurrences of degradation of NPP structures were discoveredmore » at various facilities (e.g., corrosion of pressure boundary components, freeze- thaw damage of concrete, and larger than anticipated loss of prestressing force). Despite these degradation occurrences and a trend for an increasing rate of occurrence, in-service inspection of the safety-related structures continued to be performed in a somewhat cursory manner. Starting in 1991, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) published the first of several new requirements to help ensure that adequate in-service inspection of these structures is performed. Current regulatory in-service inspection requirements are reviewed and a summary of degradation experience presented. Nondestructive examination techniques commonly used to inspect the NPP steel and concrete structures to identify and quantify the amount of damage present are reviewed. Finally, areas where nondestructive evaluation techniques require development (i.e., inaccessible portions of the containment pressure boundary, and thick heavily reinforced concrete sections are discussed.« less

The European General Data Protection Regulation: challenges and considerations for iPSC researchers and biobanks

PubMed Central

Morrison, Michael; Bell, Jessica; George, Carol; Harmon, Shawn; Munsie, Megan; Kaye, Jane

2017-01-01

Increasingly, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and their associated genetic and clinical information are being used in a wide range of applications, with large biobanks being established to support and increase their scientific use. The new European General Data Protection Regulations, which comes into effect in 2018, will have implications for biobanks that generate, store and allow research access to iPSC. This paper describes some of the challenges that iPSC biobanks face and suggests some points for the development of appropriate governance structures to address these new requirements. These suggestions also have implications for iPSC research in general. PMID:28976812

Needs assessment for nondestructive testing and materials characterization for improved reliability in structural ceramics for heat engines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, D.R.; McClung, R.W.; Janney, M.A.

1987-08-01

A needs assessment was performed for nondestructive testing and materials characterization to achieve improved reliability in ceramic materials for heat engine applications. Raw materials, green state bodies, and sintered ceramics were considered. The overall approach taken to improve reliability of structural ceramics requires key inspections throughout the fabrication flowsheet, including raw materials, greed state, and dense parts. The applications of nondestructive inspection and characterization techniques to ceramic powders and other raw materials, green ceramics, and sintered ceramics are discussed. The current state of inspection technology is reviewed for all identified attributes and stages of a generalized flowsheet for advanced structuralmore » ceramics, and research and development requirements are identified and listed in priority order. 164 refs., 3 figs.« less

Conceptual Design of an In-Space Cryogenic Fluid Management Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Willen, G. S.; Riemer, D. H.; Hustvedt, D. C.

1981-01-01

The conceptual design of a Spacelab experiment to develop the technology associated with low gravity propellant management is presented. The proposed facility consisting of a supply tank, receiver tank, pressurization system, instrumentation, and supporting hardware, is described. The experimental objectives, the receiver tank to be modeled, and constraints imposed on the design by the space shuttle, Spacelab, and scaling requirements, are described. The conceptual design, including the general configurations, flow schematics, insulation systems, instrumentation requirements, and internal tank configurations for the supply tank and the receiver tank, is described. Thermal, structural, fluid, and safety and reliability aspects of the facility are analyzed. The facility development plan, including schedule and cost estimates for the facility, is presented. A program work breakdown structure and master program schedule for a seven year program are included.

78 FR 33469 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

...The OCC, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to comment on a continuing information collection, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA). An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a respondent is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OCC is soliciting comment concerning an information collection titled, ``Interagency Statement on Complex Structured Finance Transactions.''

Multiple robustness in factorized likelihood models.

PubMed

Molina, J; Rotnitzky, A; Sued, M; Robins, J M

2017-09-01

We consider inference under a nonparametric or semiparametric model with likelihood that factorizes as the product of two or more variation-independent factors. We are interested in a finite-dimensional parameter that depends on only one of the likelihood factors and whose estimation requires the auxiliary estimation of one or several nuisance functions. We investigate general structures conducive to the construction of so-called multiply robust estimating functions, whose computation requires postulating several dimension-reducing models but which have mean zero at the true parameter value provided one of these models is correct.

Cognitive control over learning: Creating, clustering and generalizing task-set structure

PubMed Central

Collins, Anne G.E.; Frank, Michael J.

2013-01-01

Executive functions and learning share common neural substrates essential for their expression, notably in prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Understanding how they interact requires studying how cognitive control facilitates learning, but also how learning provides the (potentially hidden) structure, such as abstract rules or task-sets, needed for cognitive control. We investigate this question from three complementary angles. First, we develop a new computational “C-TS” (context-task-set) model inspired by non-parametric Bayesian methods, specifying how the learner might infer hidden structure and decide whether to re-use that structure in new situations, or to create new structure. Second, we develop a neurobiologically explicit model to assess potential mechanisms of such interactive structured learning in multiple circuits linking frontal cortex and basal ganglia. We systematically explore the link betweens these levels of modeling across multiple task demands. We find that the network provides an approximate implementation of high level C-TS computations, where manipulations of specific neural mechanisms are well captured by variations in distinct C-TS parameters. Third, this synergism across models yields strong predictions about the nature of human optimal and suboptimal choices and response times during learning. In particular, the models suggest that participants spontaneously build task-set structure into a learning problem when not cued to do so, which predicts positive and negative transfer in subsequent generalization tests. We provide evidence for these predictions in two experiments and show that the C-TS model provides a good quantitative fit to human sequences of choices in this task. These findings implicate a strong tendency to interactively engage cognitive control and learning, resulting in structured abstract representations that afford generalization opportunities, and thus potentially long-term rather than short-term optimality. PMID:23356780

Nonlinear Thermoelastic Model for SMAs and SMA Hybrid Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Turner, Travis L.

2004-01-01

A constitutive mathematical model has been developed that predicts the nonlinear thermomechanical behaviors of shape-memory-alloys (SMAs) and of shape-memory-alloy hybrid composite (SMAHC) structures, which are composite-material structures that contain embedded SMA actuators. SMAHC structures have been investigated for their potential utility in a variety of applications in which there are requirements for static or dynamic control of the shapes of structures, control of the thermoelastic responses of structures, or control of noise and vibrations. The present model overcomes deficiencies of prior, overly simplistic or qualitative models that have proven ineffective or intractable for engineering of SMAHC structures. The model is sophisticated enough to capture the essential features of the mechanics of SMAHC structures yet simple enough to accommodate input from fundamental engineering measurements and is in a form that is amenable to implementation in general-purpose structural analysis environments.

On the analytical modeling of the nonlinear vibrations of pretensioned space structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Housner, J. M.; Belvin, W. K.

1983-01-01

Pretensioned structures are receiving considerable attention as candidate large space structures. A typical example is a hoop-column antenna. The large number of preloaded members requires efficient analytical methods for concept validation and design. Validation through analyses is especially important since ground testing may be limited due to gravity effects and structural size. The present investigation has the objective to present an examination of the analytical modeling of pretensioned members undergoing nonlinear vibrations. Two approximate nonlinear analysis are developed to model general structural arrangements which include beam-columns and pretensioned cables attached to a common nucleus, such as may occur at a joint of a pretensioned structure. Attention is given to structures undergoing nonlinear steady-state oscillations due to sinusoidal excitation forces. Three analyses, linear, quasi-linear, and nonlinear are conducted and applied to study the response of a relatively simple cable stiffened structure.

Monte Carlo generators for studies of the 3D structure of the nucleon

DOE PAGES

Avakian, Harut; D'Alesio, U.; Murgia, F.

2015-01-23

In this study, extraction of transverse momentum and space distributions of partons from measurements of spin and azimuthal asymmetries requires development of a self consistent analysis framework, accounting for evolution effects, and allowing control of systematic uncertainties due to variations of input parameters and models. Development of realistic Monte-Carlo generators, accounting for TMD evolution effects, spin-orbit and quark-gluon correlations will be crucial for future studies of quark-gluon dynamics in general and 3D structure of the nucleon in particular.

Application of remote sensors in coastal zone observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Caillat, J. M.; Elachi, C.; Brown, W. E., Jr.

1975-01-01

A review of processes taking place along coastlines and their biological consideration led to the determination of the elements which are required in the study of coastal structures and which are needed for better utilization of the resources from the oceans. The processes considered include waves, currents, and their influence on the erosion of coastal structures. Biological considerations include coastal fisheries, estuaries, and tidal marshes. Various remote sensors were analyzed for the information which they can provide and sites were proposed where a general ocean-observation plan could be tested.

[Plumage structure and skin weight in nestlings of cranes (Gruidae, Gruiformes)].

PubMed

Il'iashenko, V Iu; Chernova, O F

2008-01-01

A decrease in the down density and integument relative weight has been demonstrated in the ontogeny of nestlings. Coupled with the differentiation of the down cover (several generations of the down and down plumages with a typical heterochrony), this provides for the development of a multilayer thermal insulation cover evenly distributed over the nestling body and required for homeothermy. Comparative analysis of the structure of natal and mesoptile down, accessory feathers, and downy part of the vane of contour feathers has demonstrated the highest generalization in the mesoptile down generation.

Magnetostructural Transition Kinetics in Shocked Iron

DOE PAGES

Surh, Michael P.; Benedict, Lorin X.; Sadigh, Babak

2016-08-15

Here, a generalized Heisenberg model is implemented to study the effect of thermal magnetic disorder on kinetics of the Fe α–ε transition. The barrier to bulk martensitic displacement remains large in α-Fe shocked well past the phase line but is much reduced in the [001] α–ε boundary. The first result is consistent with observed overdriving to metastable α, while the second suggests structural instability, as implied by observation of a [001] shock transformation front without plastic relaxation. Reconciling both behaviors may require concurrent treatment of magnetic and structural order.

ELAS: A general-purpose computer program for the equilibrium problems of linear structures. Volume 2: Documentation of the program. [subroutines and flow charts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Utku, S.

1969-01-01

A general purpose digital computer program for the in-core solution of linear equilibrium problems of structural mechanics is documented. The program requires minimum input for the description of the problem. The solution is obtained by means of the displacement method and the finite element technique. Almost any geometry and structure may be handled because of the availability of linear, triangular, quadrilateral, tetrahedral, hexahedral, conical, triangular torus, and quadrilateral torus elements. The assumption of piecewise linear deflection distribution insures monotonic convergence of the deflections from the stiffer side with decreasing mesh size. The stresses are provided by the best-fit strain tensors in the least squares at the mesh points where the deflections are given. The selection of local coordinate systems whenever necessary is automatic. The core memory is used by means of dynamic memory allocation, an optional mesh-point relabelling scheme and imposition of the boundary conditions during the assembly time.

Theoretical and software considerations for general dynamic analysis using multilevel substructured models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmidt, R. J.; Dodds, R. H., Jr.

1985-01-01

The dynamic analysis of complex structural systems using the finite element method and multilevel substructured models is presented. The fixed-interface method is selected for substructure reduction because of its efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability to restart and reanalysis. This method is extended to reduction of substructures which are themselves composed of reduced substructures. The implementation and performance of the method in a general purpose software system is emphasized. Solution algorithms consistent with the chosen data structures are presented. It is demonstrated that successful finite element software requires the use of software executives to supplement the algorithmic language. The complexity of the implementation of restart and reanalysis porcedures illustrates the need for executive systems to support the noncomputational aspects of the software. It is shown that significant computational efficiencies can be achieved through proper use of substructuring and reduction technbiques without sacrificing solution accuracy. The restart and reanalysis capabilities and the flexible procedures for multilevel substructured modeling gives economical yet accurate analyses of complex structural systems.

Integrating aerodynamics and structures in the minimum weight design of a supersonic transport wing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barthelemy, Jean-Francois M.; Wrenn, Gregory A.; Dovi, Augustine R.; Coen, Peter G.; Hall, Laura E.

1992-01-01

An approach is presented for determining the minimum weight design of aircraft wing models which takes into consideration aerodynamics-structure coupling when calculating both zeroth order information needed for analysis and first order information needed for optimization. When performing sensitivity analysis, coupling is accounted for by using a generalized sensitivity formulation. The results presented show that the aeroelastic effects are calculated properly and noticeably reduce constraint approximation errors. However, for the particular example selected, the error introduced by ignoring aeroelastic effects are not sufficient to significantly affect the convergence of the optimization process. Trade studies are reported that consider different structural materials, internal spar layouts, and panel buckling lengths. For the formulation, model and materials used in this study, an advanced aluminum material produced the lightest design while satisfying the problem constraints. Also, shorter panel buckling lengths resulted in lower weights by permitting smaller panel thicknesses and generally, by unloading the wing skins and loading the spar caps. Finally, straight spars required slightly lower wing weights than angled spars.

An Empirical Comparison of Competing Factor Structures for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status: A Project FRONTIER Study†

PubMed Central

Torrence, Nicole D.; John, Samantha E.; Gavett, Brandon E.; O'Bryant, Sid E.

2016-01-01

The original factor structure of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) has received little empirical support, but at least eight alternative factor structures have been identified in the literature. The current study used confirmatory factor analysis to compare the original RBANS model with eight alternatives, which were adjusted to include a general factor. Participant data were obtained from Project FRONTIER, an epidemiological study of rural health, and comprised 341 adults (229 women, 112 men) with mean age of 61.2 years (SD = 12.1) and mean education of 12.4 years (SD = 3.3). A bifactor version of the model proposed by Duff and colleagues provided the best fit to the data (CFI = 0.98; root-mean-squared error of approximation = 0.07), but required further modification to produce appropriate factor loadings. The results support the inclusion of a general factor and provide partial replication of the Duff and colleagues RBANS model. PMID:26429558

A general strategy for hybrid thin film fabrication and transfer onto arbitrary substrates.

PubMed

Zhang, Yong; Magan, John J; Blau, Werner J

2014-04-28

The development of thin film-based structures/devices often requires thin films to be transferred onto arbitrary substrates/surfaces. Controllable and non-destructive transfer method, although highly desired, remains quite challenging. Here we report a general method for fabrication and transfer of hybrid (ultra)thin films. The proposed solution-based in-situ transfer method shows not only its robust ability for thin film transfer onto arbitrary substrates but also its highly controlled and non-destructive characteristic. With a hole structure as the support, fully-stretched free-standing thin film is prepared. The successful transfer to a curved surface demonstrates the possibility for production of thin film-coated complex optical components. Ultrathin (35 nm) hybrid film transferred onto PET (50 μm thick) shows high transparency (>90% in visible range), conductivity (1.54 × 10(4) S/m), and flexibility (radius of curvature down to mm scale). The reported transfer method would provide a powerful route towards complex thin film-based structures/devices.

A General Strategy for Hybrid Thin Film Fabrication and Transfer onto Arbitrary Substrates

PubMed Central

Zhang, Yong; Magan, John J.; Blau, Werner J.

2014-01-01

The development of thin film-based structures/devices often requires thin films to be transferred onto arbitrary substrates/surfaces. Controllable and non-destructive transfer method, although highly desired, remains quite challenging. Here we report a general method for fabrication and transfer of hybrid (ultra)thin films. The proposed solution-based in-situ transfer method shows not only its robust ability for thin film transfer onto arbitrary substrates but also its highly controlled and non-destructive characteristic. With a hole structure as the support, fully-stretched free-standing thin film is prepared. The successful transfer to a curved surface demonstrates the possibility for production of thin film-coated complex optical components. Ultrathin (35 nm) hybrid film transferred onto PET (50 μm thick) shows high transparency (>90% in visible range), conductivity (1.54 × 104 S/m), and flexibility (radius of curvature down to mm scale). The reported transfer method would provide a powerful route towards complex thin film-based structures/devices. PMID:24769689

Concepts for Life Cycle Cost Control Required to Achieve Space Transportation Affordability and Sustainability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rhodes, Russel E.; Zapata, Edgar; Levack, Daniel J. H.; Robinson, John W.; Donahue, Benjamin B.

2009-01-01

Cost control must be implemented through the establishment of requirements and controlled continually by managing to these requirements. Cost control of the non-recurring side of life cycle cost has traditionally been implemented in both commercial and government programs. The government uses the budget process to implement this control. The commercial approach is to use a similar process of allocating the non-recurring cost to major elements of the program. This type of control generally manages through a work breakdown structure (WBS) by defining the major elements of the program. If the cost control is to be applied across the entire program life cycle cost (LCC), the approach must be addressed very differently. A functional breakdown structure (FBS) is defined and recommended. Use of a FBS provides the visibifity to allow the choice of an integrated solution reducing the cost of providing many different elements of like function. The different functional solutions that drive the hardware logistics, quantity of documentation, operational labor, reliability and maintainability balance, and total integration of the entire system from DDT&E through the life of the program must be fully defined, compared, and final decisions made among these competing solutions. The major drivers of recurring cost have been identified and are presented and discussed. The LCC requirements must be established and flowed down to provide control of LCC. This LCC control will require a structured rigid process similar to the one traditionally used to control weight/performance for space transportation systems throughout the entire program. It has been demonstrated over the last 30 years that without a firm requirement and methodically structured cost control, it is unlikely that affordable and sustainable space transportation system LCC will be achieved.

Dynamics and control of diseases in networks with community structure.

PubMed

Salathé, Marcel; Jones, James H

2010-04-08

The dynamics of infectious diseases spread via direct person-to-person transmission (such as influenza, smallpox, HIV/AIDS, etc.) depends on the underlying host contact network. Human contact networks exhibit strong community structure. Understanding how such community structure affects epidemics may provide insights for preventing the spread of disease between communities by changing the structure of the contact network through pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical interventions. We use empirical and simulated networks to investigate the spread of disease in networks with community structure. We find that community structure has a major impact on disease dynamics, and we show that in networks with strong community structure, immunization interventions targeted at individuals bridging communities are more effective than those simply targeting highly connected individuals. Because the structure of relevant contact networks is generally not known, and vaccine supply is often limited, there is great need for efficient vaccination algorithms that do not require full knowledge of the network. We developed an algorithm that acts only on locally available network information and is able to quickly identify targets for successful immunization intervention. The algorithm generally outperforms existing algorithms when vaccine supply is limited, particularly in networks with strong community structure. Understanding the spread of infectious diseases and designing optimal control strategies is a major goal of public health. Social networks show marked patterns of community structure, and our results, based on empirical and simulated data, demonstrate that community structure strongly affects disease dynamics. These results have implications for the design of control strategies.

Seismic instrumentation of buildings

USGS Publications Warehouse

Çelebi, Mehmet

2000-01-01

The purpose of this report is to provide information on how and why we deploy seismic instruments in and around building structures. The recorded response data from buildings and other instrumented structures can be and are being primarily used to facilitate necessary studies to improve building codes and therefore reduce losses of life and property during damaging earthquakes. Other uses of such data can be in emergency response situations in large urban environments. The report discusses typical instrumentation schemes, existing instrumentation programs, the steps generally followed in instrumenting a structure, selection and type of instruments, installation and maintenance requirements and data retrieval and processing issues. In addition, a summary section on how recorded response data have been utilized is included. The benefits from instrumentation of structural systems are discussed.

Advanced stitching technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scardino, Frank L.

1992-01-01

In the design of textile composites, the selection of materials and constructional techniques must be matched with product performance, productivity, and cost requirements. Constructional techniques vary. A classification of various textile composite systems is given. In general, the chopped fiber system is not suitable for structural composite applications because of fiber discontinuity, uncontrolled fiber orientation and a lack of fiber integration or entanglement. Linear filament yarn systems are acceptable for structural components which are exposed to simple tension in their applications. To qualify for more general use as structural components, filament yarn systems must be multi-directionally positioned. With the most sophisticated filament winding and laying techniques, however, the Type 2 systems have limited potential for general load-bearing applications because of a lack of filament integration or entanglement, which means vulnerability to splitting and delamination among filament layers. The laminar systems (Type 3) represented by a variety of simple fabrics (woven, knitted, braided and nonwoven) are especially suitable for load-bearing panels in flat form and for beams in a roled up to wound form. The totally integrated, advanced fabric system (Type 4) are thought to be the most reliable for general load-bearing applications because of fiber continuity and because of controlled multiaxial fiber orientation and entanglement. Consequently, the risk of splitting and delamination is minimized and practically omitted. Type 4 systems can be woven, knitted, braided or stitched through with very special equipment. Multiaxial fabric technologies are discussed.

Development of an integrated BEM approach for hot fluid structure interaction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dargush, Gary F.; Banerjee, Prasanta K.; Dunn, Michael G.

1988-01-01

Significant progress was made toward the goal of developing a general purpose boundary element method for hot fluid-structure interaction. For the solid phase, a boundary-only formulation was developed and implemented for uncoupled transient thermoelasticity in two dimensions. The elimination of volume discretization not only drastically reduces required modeling effort, but also permits unconstrained variation of the through-the-thickness temperature distribution. Meanwhile, for the fluids, fundamental solutions were derived for transient incompressible and compressible flow in the absence of the convective terms. Boundary element formulations were developed and described. For the incompressible case, the necessary kernal functions, under transient and steady-state conditions, were derived and fully implemented into a general purpose, multi-region boundary element code. Several examples were examined to study the suitability and convergence characteristics of the various algorithms.

Higgs exotic decays in general NMSSM with self-interacting dark matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Wenyu; Zhang, Mengchao; Zhao, Jun

2018-04-01

Under current LHC and dark matter constraints, the general NMSSM can have self-interacting dark matter to explain the cosmological small structure. In this scenario, the dark matter is the light singlino-like neutralino (χ) which self-interacts through exchanging the light singlet-like scalars (h1,a1). These light scalars and neutralinos inevitably interact with the 125 GeV SM-like Higgs boson (hSM), which cause the Higgs exotic decays hSM → h1h1, a1a1, χχ. We first demonstrate the parameter space required by the explanation of the cosmological small structure and then display the Higgs exotic decays. We find that in such a parameter space the Higgs exotic decays can have branching ratios of a few percent, which should be accessible in the future e+e‑ colliders.

Ligand and structure-based methodologies for the prediction of the activity of G protein-coupled receptor ligands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Costanzi, Stefano; Tikhonova, Irina G.; Harden, T. Kendall; Jacobson, Kenneth A.

2009-11-01

Accurate in silico models for the quantitative prediction of the activity of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands would greatly facilitate the process of drug discovery and development. Several methodologies have been developed based on the properties of the ligands, the direct study of the receptor-ligand interactions, or a combination of both approaches. Ligand-based three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) techniques, not requiring knowledge of the receptor structure, have been historically the first to be applied to the prediction of the activity of GPCR ligands. They are generally endowed with robustness and good ranking ability; however they are highly dependent on training sets. Structure-based techniques generally do not provide the level of accuracy necessary to yield meaningful rankings when applied to GPCR homology models. However, they are essentially independent from training sets and have a sufficient level of accuracy to allow an effective discrimination between binders and nonbinders, thus qualifying as viable lead discovery tools. The combination of ligand and structure-based methodologies in the form of receptor-based 3D-QSAR and ligand and structure-based consensus models results in robust and accurate quantitative predictions. The contribution of the structure-based component to these combined approaches is expected to become more substantial and effective in the future, as more sophisticated scoring functions are developed and more detailed structural information on GPCRs is gathered.

33 CFR 67.10-40 - Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., and 67.10-10, if the sound signal has a minimum sound pressure level as specified in Table A of... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Sound signals authorized for use... STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-40 Sound signals authorized for use prior to...

33 CFR 67.10-40 - Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sound signals authorized for use... STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-40 Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973. Any sound signal authorized for use by the Coast Guard and manufactured prior to January...

33 CFR 67.10-40 - Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Sound signals authorized for use... STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-40 Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973. Any sound signal authorized for use by the Coast Guard and manufactured prior to January...

33 CFR 67.10-40 - Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Sound signals authorized for use... STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-40 Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973. Any sound signal authorized for use by the Coast Guard and manufactured prior to January...

33 CFR 67.10-40 - Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Sound signals authorized for use... STRUCTURES General Requirements for Sound signals § 67.10-40 Sound signals authorized for use prior to January 1, 1973. Any sound signal authorized for use by the Coast Guard and manufactured prior to January...

Incorporating Historic Facility Geospatial Data and Federal Preservation Requirements into SDSFIE/FMSFIE

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

29 3.2.4 National Register Information System Model ............................................................... 30 3.3 Summary of...are later based on that information . Despite their general level of power and resolution, Federal data management and accounting tools have not yet...have begun tracking their historic building and structure inven- tories using geographic information systems (GISs). A geospatial-referenced data

Evidence Report: Risk Factor of Inadequate Nutrition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Scott M.; Zwart, Sara R.; Heer, Martina

2015-01-01

The importance of nutrition in exploration has been documented repeatedly throughout history, where, for example, in the period between Columbus' voyage in 1492 and the invention of the steam engine, scurvy resulted in more sailor deaths than all other causes of death combined. Because nutrients are required for the structure and function of every cell and every system in the body, defining the nutrient requirements for spaceflight and ensuring provision and intake of those nutrients are primary issues for crew health and mission success. Unique aspects of nutrition during space travel include the overarching physiological adaptation to weightlessness, psychological adaptation to extreme and remote environments, and the ability of nutrition and nutrients to serve as countermeasures to ameliorate the negative effects of spaceflight on the human body. Key areas of clinical concern for long-duration spaceflight include loss of body mass (general inadequate food intake), bone and muscle loss, cardiovascular and immune system decrements, increased radiation exposure and oxidative stress, vision and ophthalmic changes, behavior and performance, nutrient supply during extravehicular activity, and general depletion of body nutrient stores because of inadequate food supply, inadequate food intake, increased metabolism, and/or irreversible loss of nutrients. These topics are reviewed herein, based on the current gap structure.

Analysis of entry accelerometer data: A case study of Mars Pathfinder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Withers, Paul; Towner, M. C.; Hathi, B.; Zarnecki, J. C.

2003-08-01

Accelerometers are regularly flown on atmosphere-entering spacecraft. Using their measurements, the spacecraft trajectory and the vertical structure of density, pressure, and temperature in the atmosphere through which it descends can be calculated. We review the general procedures for trajectory and atmospheric structure reconstruction and outline them here in detail. We discuss which physical properties are important in atmospheric entry, instead of working exclusively with the dimensionless numbers of fluid dynamics. Integration of the equations of motion governing the spacecraft trajectory is carried out in a novel and general formulation. This does not require an axisymmetric gravitational field or many of the other assumptions that are present in the literature. We discuss four techniques - head-on, drag-only, acceleration ratios, and gyroscopes - for constraining spacecraft attitude, which is the critical issue in the trajectory reconstruction. The head-on technique uses an approximate magnitude and direction for the aerodynamic acceleration, whereas the drag-only technique uses the correct magnitude and an approximate direction. The acceleration ratios technique uses the correct magnitude and an indirect way of finding the correct direction and the gyroscopes technique uses the correct magnitude and a direct way of finding the correct direction. The head-on and drag-only techniques are easy to implement and require little additional information. The acceleration ratios technique requires extensive and expensive aerodynamic modelling. The gyroscopes technique requires additional onboard instrumentation. The effects of errors are briefly addressed. Our implementations of these trajectory reconstruction procedures have been verified on the Mars Pathfinder dataset. We find inconsistencies within the published work of the Pathfinder science team, and in the PDS archive itself, relating to the entry state of the spacecraft. Our atmospheric structure reconstruction, which uses only a simple aerodynamic database, is consistent with the PDS archive to about 4%. Surprisingly accurate profiles of atmospheric temperatures can be derived with no information about the spacecraft aerodynamics. Using no aerodynamic information whatsoever about Pathfinder, our profile of atmospheric temperature is still consistent with the PDS archive to about 8%. As a service to the community, we have placed simplified versions of our trajectory and atmospheric structure computer programmes online for public use.

Probabilistic Multi-Scale, Multi-Level, Multi-Disciplinary Analysis and Optimization of Engine Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chamis, Christos C.; Abumeri, Galib H.

2000-01-01

Aircraft engines are assemblies of dynamically interacting components. Engine updates to keep present aircraft flying safely and engines for new aircraft are progressively required to operate in more demanding technological and environmental requirements. Designs to effectively meet those requirements are necessarily collections of multi-scale, multi-level, multi-disciplinary analysis and optimization methods and probabilistic methods are necessary to quantify respective uncertainties. These types of methods are the only ones that can formally evaluate advanced composite designs which satisfy those progressively demanding requirements while assuring minimum cost, maximum reliability and maximum durability. Recent research activities at NASA Glenn Research Center have focused on developing multi-scale, multi-level, multidisciplinary analysis and optimization methods. Multi-scale refers to formal methods which describe complex material behavior metal or composite; multi-level refers to integration of participating disciplines to describe a structural response at the scale of interest; multidisciplinary refers to open-ended for various existing and yet to be developed discipline constructs required to formally predict/describe a structural response in engine operating environments. For example, these include but are not limited to: multi-factor models for material behavior, multi-scale composite mechanics, general purpose structural analysis, progressive structural fracture for evaluating durability and integrity, noise and acoustic fatigue, emission requirements, hot fluid mechanics, heat-transfer and probabilistic simulations. Many of these, as well as others, are encompassed in an integrated computer code identified as Engine Structures Technology Benefits Estimator (EST/BEST) or Multi-faceted/Engine Structures Optimization (MP/ESTOP). The discipline modules integrated in MP/ESTOP include: engine cycle (thermodynamics), engine weights, internal fluid mechanics, cost, mission and coupled structural/thermal, various composite property simulators and probabilistic methods to evaluate uncertainty effects (scatter ranges) in all the design parameters. The objective of the proposed paper is to briefly describe a multi-faceted design analysis and optimization capability for coupled multi-discipline engine structures optimization. Results are presented for engine and aircraft type metrics to illustrate the versatility of that capability. Results are also presented for reliability, noise and fatigue to illustrate its inclusiveness. For example, replacing metal rotors with composites reduces the engine weight by 20 percent, 15 percent noise reduction, and an order of magnitude improvement in reliability. Composite designs exist to increase fatigue life by at least two orders of magnitude compared to state-of-the-art metals.

Principles of protein folding--a perspective from simple exact models.

PubMed Central

Dill, K. A.; Bromberg, S.; Yue, K.; Fiebig, K. M.; Yee, D. P.; Thomas, P. D.; Chan, H. S.

1995-01-01

General principles of protein structure, stability, and folding kinetics have recently been explored in computer simulations of simple exact lattice models. These models represent protein chains at a rudimentary level, but they involve few parameters, approximations, or implicit biases, and they allow complete explorations of conformational and sequence spaces. Such simulations have resulted in testable predictions that are sometimes unanticipated: The folding code is mainly binary and delocalized throughout the amino acid sequence. The secondary and tertiary structures of a protein are specified mainly by the sequence of polar and nonpolar monomers. More specific interactions may refine the structure, rather than dominate the folding code. Simple exact models can account for the properties that characterize protein folding: two-state cooperativity, secondary and tertiary structures, and multistage folding kinetics--fast hydrophobic collapse followed by slower annealing. These studies suggest the possibility of creating "foldable" chain molecules other than proteins. The encoding of a unique compact chain conformation may not require amino acids; it may require only the ability to synthesize specific monomer sequences in which at least one monomer type is solvent-averse. PMID:7613459

A Structure-Based Mechanism for Arf1-Dependent Recruitment of Coatomer to Membranes

PubMed Central

Yu, Xinchao; Breitman, Marianna; Goldberg, Jonathan

2012-01-01

Summary Budding of COPI-coated vesicles from Golgi membranes requires an Arf-family G protein and the coatomer complex recruited from cytosol. Arf is also required with coatomer-related clathrin adaptor complexes to bud vesicles from the trans-Golgi network and endosomal compartments. To understand the structural basis for Arf-dependent recruitment of a vesicular coat to the membrane, we determined the structure of Arf1 bound to the γζ-COP subcomplex of coatomer. Structure-guided biochemical analysis reveals that a second Arf1-GTP molecule binds to βδ-COP at a site common to the γ- and β-COP subunits. The Arf1-binding sites on coatomer are spatially related to PtdIns4,5P2-binding sites on the endocytic AP2 complex, providing evidence that the orientation of membrane binding is general for this class of vesicular coat proteins. A bivalent GTP-dependent binding mode has implications for the dynamics of coatomer interaction with the Golgi and for the selection of cargo molecules. PMID:22304919

Formalized Epistemology, Logic, and Grammar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bitbol, Michel

The task of a formal epistemology is defined. It appears that a formal epistemology must be a generalization of "logic" in the sense of Wittgenstein's Tractatus. The generalization is required because, whereas logic presupposes a strict relation between activity and language, this relation may be broken in some domains of experimental enquiry (e.g., in microscopic physics). However, a formal epistemology should also retain a major feature of Wittgenstein's "logic": It must not be a discourse about scientific knowledge, but rather a way of making manifest the structures usually implicit in knowledge-gaining activity. This strategy is applied to the formalism of quantum mechanics.

Control of large thermal distortions in a cryogenic wind tunnel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gustafson, J. C.

1983-01-01

The National Transonic Facility (NTF) is a research wind tunnel capable of operation at temperatures down to 89K (160 R) and pressures up to 900,000 Pa (9 atmospheres) to achieve Reynolds numbers approaching 120,000,000. Wide temperature excursions combined with the precise alignment requirements of the tunnel aerodynamic surfaces imposed constraints on the mechanisms supporting the internal structures of the tunnel. The material selections suitable for this application were also limited. A general design philosophy of utilizing a single fixed point for each linear degree of freedom and guiding the expansion as required was adopted. These support systems allow thermal expansion to take place in a manner that minimizes the development of thermally induced stresses while maintaining structural alignment and resisting high aerodynamic loads. Typical of the support mechanisms are the preload brackets used in the fan shroud system and the Watts linkage used to support the upstream nacelle. The design of these mechanisms along with the basic design requirements and the constraints imposed by the tunnel system are discussed.

The Chemically Elegant Proton Pump Inhibitors

PubMed Central

Roche, Victoria F.

2006-01-01

Medicinal chemistry instruction at Creighton University is designed to provide an in-depth scientifically grounded and clinically relevant learning experience for pharmacy students. Each topic covered in the 2-semester required course sequence is selected based on the general utility of the compounds in question and/or the therapeutic importance of the drugs in treating life-threatening diseases. All lessons provided to campus- and Web-based students by the author are in the form of a descriptive and conversational narrative and course requirements are in place to assure that students read the lesson prior to the class period in which it is discussed. Learning tools and aids are provided to help students more readily discern the most critical aspects of each lesson, to practice required critical thinking and structure analysis skills, and to self-assess competency in meeting specific learning objectives. This manuscript illustrates this approach by sharing a lesson on the chemistry and clinically relevant structure-activity relationships of proton pump inhibitors. PMID:17149430

Visual soil evaluation - future research requirements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Emmet-Booth, Jeremy; Forristal, Dermot; Fenton, Owen; Ball, Bruce; Holden, Nick

2017-04-01

A review of Visual Soil Evaluation (VSE) techniques (Emmet-Booth et al., 2016) highlighted their established utility for soil quality assessment, though some limitations were identified; (1) The examination of aggregate size, visible intra-porosity and shape forms a key assessment criterion in almost all methods, thus limiting evaluation to structural form. The addition of criteria that holistically examine structure may be desirable. For example, structural stability can be indicated using dispersion tests or examining soil surface crusting, while the assessment of soil colour may indirectly indicate soil organic matter content, a contributor to stability. Organic matter assessment may also indicate structural resilience, along with rooting, earthworm numbers or shrinkage cracking. (2) Soil texture may influence results or impeded method deployment. Modification of procedures to account for extreme texture variation is desirable. For example, evidence of compaction in sandy or single grain soils greatly differs to that in clayey soils. Some procedures incorporate separate classification systems or adjust deployment based on texture. (3) Research into impacts of soil moisture content on VSE evaluation criteria is required. Criteria such as rupture resistance and shape may be affected by moisture content. It is generally recommended that methods are deployed on moist soils and quantification of influences of moisture variation on results is necessary. (4) Robust sampling strategies for method deployment are required. Dealing with spatial variation differs between methods, but where methods can be deployed over large areas, clear instruction on sampling is required. Additionally, as emphasis has been placed on the agricultural production of soil, so the ability of VSE for exploring structural quality in terms of carbon storage, water purification and biodiversity support also requires research. References Emmet-Booth, J.P., Forristal. P.D., Fenton, O., Ball, B.C. & Holden, N.M. 2016. A review of visual soil evaluation techniques for soil structure. Soil Use and Management, 32, 623-634.

ICME Identification from Solar Wind Ion Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shinde, A.; Russell, C. T.

2002-12-01

In the solar corona, coronal mass ejections are generally identified as an outward moving density enhancement. At 1AU their interplanetary counterparts are generally identified as a twisted and enhanced magnetic structures lasting of the order of a day. In an effort to better classify ICMEs we attempt herein to identify their start and stop time by their signatures in ion data obtained by Wind and ACE solar wind instruments. We search for periods in which the solar wind speed is linearly decreasing and the ion temperature is cool, with a thermal speed of less than 20 km/s. We required a simultaneous enhanced magnetic field but required no special signature of this enhancement. We compared these identifications with those made by D. Larson and R. P. Lepping and published on the web. Of 14 events, 4 were not identified as ICMEs by either Larson or Lepping. Similarly they identified many events that we did not, often because the ion temperature was above our classification threshold, but also because there was no clear speed decrease as the event crossed the spacecraft as would signal an expanding structure. The best events in Larson and Lepping's list had a rate of speed decrease that, if due to the expansion of the structure with distance from the sun moving at the average observed speed, would bring the structure from zero width to the present size in its calculated transit time. We conclude that cold ion temperatures and a declining solar wind velocity are frequent ICME signatures but are neither necessary nor sufficient for ICME identification.

Calculation of electronic coupling matrix elements for ground and excited state electron transfer reactions: Comparison of the generalized Mulliken-Hush and block diagonalization methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cave, Robert J.; Newton, Marshall D.

1997-06-01

Two independent methods are presented for the nonperturbative calculation of the electronic coupling matrix element (Hab) for electron transfer reactions using ab initio electronic structure theory. The first is based on the generalized Mulliken-Hush (GMH) model, a multistate generalization of the Mulliken Hush formalism for the electronic coupling. The second is based on the block diagonalization (BD) approach of Cederbaum, Domcke, and co-workers. Detailed quantitative comparisons of the two methods are carried out based on results for (a) several states of the system Zn2OH2+ and (b) the low-lying states of the benzene-Cl atom complex and its contact ion pair. Generally good agreement between the two methods is obtained over a range of geometries. Either method can be applied at an arbitrary nuclear geometry and, as a result, may be used to test the validity of the Condon approximation. Examples of nonmonotonic behavior of the electronic coupling as a function of nuclear coordinates are observed for Zn2OH2+. Both methods also yield a natural definition of the effective distance (rDA) between donor (D) and acceptor (A) sites, in contrast to earlier approaches which required independent estimates of rDA, generally based on molecular structure data.

Post-acute rehabilitation care for older people in community hospitals and general hospitals--philosophies of care and patients' and caregivers' reported experiences: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Small, Neil; Green, John; Spink, Joanna; Forster, Anne; Young, John

2009-01-01

This article contrasts community hospital and general hospital philosophies of care and examines how they relate to patients' and caregivers' experiences. Semi-structured interviews with 42 staff were used to produce care setting vignettes in six community hospitals and four general hospitals in the midlands and north of England. The vignettes were used with 26 patients and 10 caregivers in semi-structured interviews. Community hospital and general hospital staff identified shared understandings of requirements for post-acute rehabilitation care for older people. Distinctive features were: general hospital--medical efficiency, helping patients get better, high standard of care, need for stimulation; community hospital--home-like setting, quiet, calm ambience, good views, orientated to elderly people, encouragement of social interaction, involvement of relatives in care. In the main there was symmetry between staff aspirations and patients' experience. However some concepts used and assumptions made by staff were not recognised by patients. These were characteristically reframed in patients' answers as if they were discussing subjective dimensions of care. There was patient and caregiver preference for the home-like environment of community hospitals. In care of older people, where the focus is rehabilitation, patient preferences are particularly pertinent and should be considered alongside clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

ODEion--a software module for structural identification of ordinary differential equations.

PubMed

Gennemark, Peter; Wedelin, Dag

2014-02-01

In the systems biology field, algorithms for structural identification of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) have mainly focused on fixed model spaces like S-systems and/or on methods that require sufficiently good data so that derivatives can be accurately estimated. There is therefore a lack of methods and software that can handle more general models and realistic data. We present ODEion, a software module for structural identification of ODEs. Main characteristic features of the software are: • The model space is defined by arbitrary user-defined functions that can be nonlinear in both variables and parameters, such as for example chemical rate reactions. • ODEion implements computationally efficient algorithms that have been shown to efficiently handle sparse and noisy data. It can run a range of realistic problems that previously required a supercomputer. • ODEion is easy to use and provides SBML output. We describe the mathematical problem, the ODEion system itself, and provide several examples of how the system can be used. Available at: http://www.odeidentification.org.

PREFACE: Mathematical Aspects of Generalized Entropies and their Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suyari, Hiroki; Ohara, Atsumi; Wada, Tatsuaki

2010-01-01

In the recent increasing interests in power-law behaviors beyond the usual exponential ones, there have been some concrete attempts in statistical physics to generalize the standard Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics. Among such generalizations, nonextensive statistical mechanics has been well studied for about the last two decades with many modifications and refinements. The generalization has provided not only a theoretical framework but also many applications such as chaos, multi-fractal, complex systems, nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, biophysics, econophysics, information theory and so on. At the same time as the developments in the generalization of statistical mechanics, the corresponding mathematical structures have also been required and uncovered. In particular, some deep connections to mathematical sciences such as q-analysis, information geometry, information theory and quantum probability theory have been revealed recently. These results obviously indicate an existence of the generalized mathematical structure including the mathematical framework for the exponential family as a special case, but the whole structure is still unclear. In order to make an opportunity to discuss the mathematical structure induced from generalized entropies by scientists in many fields, the international workshop 'Mathematical Aspects of Generalized Entropies and their Applications' was held on 7-9 July 2009 at Kyoto TERRSA, Kyoto, Japan. This volume is the proceedings of the workshop which consisted of 6 invited speakers, 14 oral presenters, 7 poster presenters and 63 other participants. The topics of the workshop cover the nonextensive statistical mechanics, chaos, cosmology, information geometry, divergence theory, econophysics, materials engineering, molecular dynamics and entropy theory, information theory and so on. The workshop was organized as the first attempt to discuss these mathematical aspects with leading experts in each area. We would like to express special thanks to all the invited speakers, the contributors and the participants at the workshop. We are also grateful to RIMS (Research Institute for Mathematical Science) in Kyoto University and the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 18300003, 2009 for their support. Organizing Committee Editors of the Proceedings Hiroki Suyari (Chiba University, Japan) Atsumi Ohara (Osaka University, Japan) Tatsuaki Wada (Ibaraki University, Japan) Conference photograph

Psychometric properties of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory in a Canadian sample.

PubMed

Henderson, Leigh C; Antony, Martin M; Koerner, Naomi

2014-05-01

The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory is a recently developed self-report measure that assesses symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Its psychometric properties have not been investigated further since its original development. The current study investigated its psychometric properties in a Canadian student/community sample. Exploratory principal component analysis replicated the original three-component structure. The total scale and subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability (α = 0.84-0.94) and correlated strongly with the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (r = 0.41-0.74, all ps <0.001) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (r = 0.55-0.84, all ps <0.001). However, only the total scale and cognitive subscale (r = 0.48-0.49, all ps <0.05) significantly predicted generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis established by diagnostic interview. The somatic subscale in particular may require revision to improve predictive validity. Revision may also be necessary given changes in required somatic symptoms for generalized anxiety disorder diagnostic criteria in more recent versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (i.e. although major changes occurred from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-R to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, changes in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 were minimal) and the possibility of changes in the upcoming 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases.

[Rethinking the place of primary healthcare in France--role of general practice].

PubMed

Gay, B

2013-06-01

Primary healthcare is poorly structured in France while it is well defined at the international level: it is the point of first medical contact of the population with the healthcare system. General practice is the clinical specialty oriented to primary healthcare. Data in the scientific literature highlight the need of refocusing the health system on primary care known to improve both morbi-mortality and care efficiency. In France, health authorities acknowledge general practitioners as playing a key role in the health care system: its time to move from intention to action. Structural changes are needed to achieve this reinforcement of primary healthcare: to re-orientate medical studies towards primary care; to develop research in primary care; to promote cooperation between care providers; to ease the daily workload of practitioners; to diversify methods of payment; to propose a guide for patient's use of primary care. The transformation of the healthcare system in France requires a real strategy of primary healthcare implementation. Regardless of financial constraints, it is possible to redistribute the resources towards ambulatory care. Strengthening the role of general practice and favoring its societal recognition will be the major stages of this change. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Slave finite element for non-linear analysis of engine structures. Volume 2: Programmer's manual and user's manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Witkop, D. L.; Dale, B. J.; Gellin, S.

1991-01-01

The programming aspects of SFENES are described in the User's Manual. The information presented is provided for the installation programmer. It is sufficient to fully describe the general program logic and required peripheral storage. All element generated data is stored externally to reduce required memory allocation. A separate section is devoted to the description of these files thereby permitting the optimization of Input/Output (I/O) time through efficient buffer descriptions. Individual subroutine descriptions are presented along with the complete Fortran source listings. A short description of the major control, computation, and I/O phases is included to aid in obtaining an overall familiarity with the program's components. Finally, a discussion of the suggested overlay structure which allows the program to execute with a reasonable amount of memory allocation is presented.

A substructure coupling procedure applicable to general linear time-invariant dynamic systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Howsman, T. G.; Craig, R. R., Jr.

1984-01-01

A substructure synthesis procedure applicable to structural systems containing general nonconservative terms is presented. In their final form, the nonself-adjoint substructure equations of motion are cast in state vector form through the use of a variational principle. A reduced-order mode for each substructure is implemented by representing the substructure as a combination of a small number of Ritz vectors. For the method presented, the substructure Ritz vectors are identified as a truncated set of substructure eigenmodes, which are typically complex, along with a set of generalized real attachment modes. The formation of the generalized attachment modes does not require any knowledge of the substructure flexible modes; hence, only the eigenmodes used explicitly as Ritz vectors need to be extracted from the substructure eigenproblem. An example problem is presented to illustrate the method.

Calculation of wakefields in 2D rectangular structures

DOE PAGES

Zagorodnov, I.; Bane, K. L. F.; Stupakov, G.

2015-10-19

We consider the calculation of electromagnetic fields generated by an electron bunch passing through a vacuum chamber structure that, in general, consists of an entry pipe, followed by some kind of transition or cavity, and ending in an exit pipe. We limit our study to structures having rectangular cross section, where the height can vary as function of longitudinal coordinate but the width and side walls remain fixed. For such structures, we derive a Fourier representation of the wake potentials through one-dimensional functions. A new numerical approach for calculating the wakes in such structures is proposed and implemented in themore » computer code echo(2d). The computation resource requirements for this approach are moderate and comparable to those for finding the wakes in 2D rotationally symmetric structures. Finally, we present numerical examples obtained with the new numerical code.« less

Impact of Financial Structure on the Cost of Solar Energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mendelsohn, M.; Kreycik, C.; Bird, L.

2012-03-01

To stimulate investment in renewable energy generation projects, the federal government developed a series of support structures that reduce taxes for eligible investors--the investment tax credit, the production tax credit, and accelerated depreciation. The nature of these tax incentives often requires an outside investor and a complex financial arrangement to allocate risk and reward among the parties. These financial arrangements are generally categorized as 'advanced financial structures.' Among renewable energy technologies, advanced financial structures were first widely deployed by the wind industry and are now being explored by the solar industry to support significant scale-up in project development. This reportmore » describes four of the most prevalent financial structures used by the renewable sector and evaluates the impact of financial structure on energy costs for utility-scale solar projects that use photovoltaic and concentrating solar power technologies.« less

Magnetically-refreshable receptor platform structures for reusable nano-biosensor chips

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoo, Haneul; Lee, Dong Jun; Cho, Dong-guk; Park, Juhun; Nam, Ki Wan; Tak Cho, Young; Park, Jae Yeol; Chen, Xing; Hong, Seunghun

2016-01-01

We developed a magnetically-refreshable receptor platform structure which can be integrated with quite versatile nano-biosensor structures to build reusable nano-biosensor chips. This structure allows one to easily remove used receptor molecules from a biosensor surface and reuse the biosensor for repeated sensing operations. Using this structure, we demonstrated reusable immunofluorescence biosensors. Significantly, since our method allows one to place receptor molecules very close to a nano-biosensor surface, it can be utilized to build reusable carbon nanotube transistor-based biosensors which require receptor molecules within a Debye length from the sensor surface. Furthermore, we also show that a single sensor chip can be utilized to detect two different target molecules simply by replacing receptor molecules using our method. Since this method does not rely on any chemical reaction to refresh sensor chips, it can be utilized for versatile biosensor structures and virtually-general receptor molecular species.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Von Dreele, Robert

One of the goals in developing GSAS-II was to expand from the capabilities of the original General Structure Analysis System (GSAS) which largely encompassed just structure refinement and post refinement analysis. GSAS-II has been written almost entirely in Python loaded with graphics, GUI and mathematical packages (matplotlib, pyOpenGL, wxpython, numpy and scipy). Thus, GSAS-II has a fully developed modern GUI as well as extensive graphical display of data and results. However, the structure and operation of Python has required new approaches to many of the algorithms used in crystal structure analysis. The extensions beyond GSAS include image calibration/integration as wellmore » as peak fitting and unit cell indexing for powder data which are precursors for structure solution. Structure solution within GSAS-II begins with either Pawley or LeBail extracted structure factors from powder data or those measured in a single crystal experiment. Both charge flipping and Monte Carlo-Simulated Annealing techniques are available; the former can be applied to (3+1) incommensurate structures as well as conventional 3D structures.« less

Ice Load Project Final Technical Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McCoy, Timothy J.; Brown, Thomas; Byrne, Alex

As interest and investment in offshore wind projects increase worldwide, some turbines will be installed in locations where ice of significant thickness forms on the water surface. This ice moves under the driving forces of wind, current, and thermal effects and may result in substantial forces on bottom-fixed support structures. The North and Baltic Seas in Europe have begun to see significant wind energy development and the Great Lakes of the United States and Canada may host wind energy development in the near future. Design of the support structures for these projects is best performed through the use of anmore » integrated tool that can calculate the cumulative effects of forces due to turbine operations, wind, waves, and floating ice. The dynamic nature of ice forces requires that these forces be included in the design simulations, rather than added as static forces to simulation results. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard[2] for offshore wind turbine design and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard[3] for offshore structures provide requirements and algorithms for the calculation of forces induced by surface ice; however, currently none of the major wind turbine dynamic simulation codes provides the ability to model ice loads. The scope of work of the project described in this report includes the development of a suite of subroutines, collectively named IceFloe, that meet the requirements of the IEC and ISO standards and couples with four of the major wind turbine dynamic simulation codes. The mechanisms by which ice forces impinge on offshore structures generally include the forces required for crushing of the ice against vertical-sided structures and the forces required to fracture the ice as it rides up on conical-sided structures. Within these two broad categories, the dynamic character of the forces with respect to time is also dependent on other factors such as the velocity and thickness of the moving ice and the response of the structure. In some cases, the dynamic effects are random and in other cases they are deterministic, such as the effect of structural resonance and coupling of the ice forces with the defection of the support structure. The initial versions of the IceFloe routines incorporate modules that address these varied force and dynamic phenomena with seven alternative algorithms that can be specified by the user. The IceFloe routines have been linked and tested with four major wind turbine aeroelastic simulation codes: FAST, a tool developed under the management of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and available free of charge from its web site; Bladed[4], a widely-used commercial package available from DNV GL; ADAMS[5], a general purpose multi-body simulation code used in the wind industry and available from MSC Software; and HAWC2[6], a code developed by and available for purchase from Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU). Interface routines have been developed and tested with full wind turbine simulations for each of these codes and the source code and example inputs and outputs are available from the NREL website.« less

Address of the Honorable Edwin Meese III, Attorney General of the United States, at the American Studies Center Bicentennial Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meese, Edwin, III

There has been a renaissance of scholarship during the bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution. Continued implementation of the Constitution requires that its text, its structure, and its principles be widely known and respectfully understood. U.S. citizens need to respect the Constitution as it was understood by those who framed it. Underlying the…

META-X Design Flow Tools

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

Forces can be computed at specific angular positions, and geometrical parameters can be evaluated. Much higher resolution models are required, along...composition engines (C#, C++, Python, Java ) Desert operates on the CyPhy model, converting from a design space alternative structure to a set of design...consists of scripts to execute dymola, post-processing of results to create metrics, and general management of the job sequence. An earlier version created

Requirements Analysis for Effective Management Information Systems Design: A Framework and Case Study.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-01

68 1. Product Policy ---------------------------- 68 2. Price Policy ------------------------------ 69 3. Policy toward Rivals...compete with its rivals; the aim of these policies is to achieve product differentiation; b) Pricing Policies - price structures that are generally...actions which a firm takes to minimize both its actual and potential competition. It should be noted that product and pricing policies are greatly

Generalized environmental control and life support system computer program (G189A) configuration control, phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcenulty, R. E.

1977-01-01

The G189A simulation of the Shuttle Orbiter ECLSS was upgraded. All simulation library versions and simulation models were converted from the EXEC2 to the EXEC8 computer system and a new program, G189PL, was added to the combination master program library. The program permits the post-plotting of up to 100 frames of plot data over any time interval of a G189 simulation run. The overlay structure of the G189A simulations were restructured for the purpose of conserving computer core requirements and minimizing run time requirements.

Localized diabatization applied to excitons in molecular crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Zuxin; Subotnik, Joseph E.

2017-06-01

Traditional ab initio electronic structure calculations of periodic systems yield delocalized eigenstates that should be understood as adiabatic states. For example, excitons are bands of extended states which superimpose localized excitations on every lattice site. However, in general, in order to study the effects of nuclear motion on exciton transport, it is standard to work with a localized description of excitons, especially in a hopping regime; even in a band regime, a localized description can be helpful. To extract localized excitons from a band requires essentially a diabatization procedure. In this paper, three distinct methods are proposed for such localized diabatization: (i) a simple projection method, (ii) a more general Pipek-Mezey localization scheme, and (iii) a variant of Boys diabatization. Approaches (i) and (ii) require localized, single-particle Wannier orbitals, while approach (iii) has no such dependence. These methods should be very useful for studying energy transfer through solids with ab initio calculations.

Dark matter (energy) may be indistinguishable from modified gravity (MOND)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sivaram, C.

For Newtonian dynamics to hold over galactic scales, large amounts of dark matter (DM) are required which would dominate cosmic structures. Accounting for the strong observational evidence that the universe is accelerating requires the presence of an unknown dark energy (DE) component constituting about 70% of the matter. Several ingenious ongoing experiments to detect the DM particles have so far led to negative results. Moreover, the comparable proportions of the DM and DE at the present epoch appear unnatural and not predicted by any theory. For these reasons, alternative ideas like MOND and modification of gravity or general relativity over cosmic scales have been proposed. It is shown in this paper that these alternate ideas may not be easily distinguishable from the usual DM or DE hypotheses. Specific examples are given to illustrate this point that the modified theories are special cases of a generalized DM paradigm.

Turbomachinery Course

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stinson, Henry; Turner, James (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

In this viewgraph presentation, information and diagrams are provided on rocket engine turbopumps. These turbomachines are highly complex and have several unique features: (1) They are generally very high power density machines; (2) They experience high fluid dynamic loads; (3) They are exposed to severe thermal shocks in terms of rapid starts and stops and extremely high heat transfer coefficients; (4) They have stringent suction performance requirements to minimize tank weight; (5) Their working fluids significantly impact the design: oxidizers are generally explosive, they afford almost no lubrication for bearings and seals, some fuels can degrade material properties, cryogenics result in severe thermal gradients; (6) Their life requirements are short relative to other turbomachines in that there are hundreds of cycles and a few hours of operation for reusable systems. The design of rocket engine turbomachines is a systems engineering challenge because multiple engineering disciplines must be integrated to deal with issues pertaining to stress, structural dynamics, hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, thermodynamics, and materials and process selection.

T-duality and α'-corrections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marqués, Diego; Nuñez, Carmen A.

2015-10-01

We construct an O( d, d) invariant universal formulation of the first-order α'-corrections of the string effective actions involving the dilaton, metric and two-form fields. Two free parameters interpolate between four-derivative terms that are even and odd with respect to a Z 2-parity transformation that changes the sign of the two-form field. The Z 2-symmetric model reproduces the closed bosonic string, and the heterotic string effective action is obtained through a Z 2-parity-breaking choice of parameters. The theory is an extension of the generalized frame formulation of Double Field Theory, in which the gauge transformations are deformed by a first-order generalized Green-Schwarz transformation. This deformation defines a duality covariant gauge principle that requires and fixes the four-derivative terms. We discuss the O( d, d) structure of the theory and the (non-)covariance of the required field redefinitions.

The Temporal Signature of Memories: Identification of a General Mechanism for Dynamic Memory Replay in Humans

PubMed Central

Michelmann, Sebastian; Bowman, Howard; Hanslmayr, Simon

2016-01-01

Reinstatement of dynamic memories requires the replay of neural patterns that unfold over time in a similar manner as during perception. However, little is known about the mechanisms that guide such a temporally structured replay in humans, because previous studies used either unsuitable methods or paradigms to address this question. Here, we overcome these limitations by developing a new analysis method to detect the replay of temporal patterns in a paradigm that requires participants to mentally replay short sound or video clips. We show that memory reinstatement is accompanied by a decrease of low-frequency (8 Hz) power, which carries a temporal phase signature of the replayed stimulus. These replay effects were evident in the visual as well as in the auditory domain and were localized to sensory-specific regions. These results suggest low-frequency phase to be a domain-general mechanism that orchestrates dynamic memory replay in humans. PMID:27494601

Generalized SMO algorithm for SVM-based multitask learning.

PubMed

Cai, Feng; Cherkassky, Vladimir

2012-06-01

Exploiting additional information to improve traditional inductive learning is an active research area in machine learning. In many supervised-learning applications, training data can be naturally separated into several groups, and incorporating this group information into learning may improve generalization. Recently, Vapnik proposed a general approach to formalizing such problems, known as "learning with structured data" and its support vector machine (SVM) based optimization formulation called SVM+. Liang and Cherkassky showed the connection between SVM+ and multitask learning (MTL) approaches in machine learning, and proposed an SVM-based formulation for MTL called SVM+MTL for classification. Training the SVM+MTL classifier requires the solution of a large quadratic programming optimization problem which scales as O(n(3)) with sample size n. So there is a need to develop computationally efficient algorithms for implementing SVM+MTL. This brief generalizes Platt's sequential minimal optimization (SMO) algorithm to the SVM+MTL setting. Empirical results show that, for typical SVM+MTL problems, the proposed generalized SMO achieves over 100 times speed-up, in comparison with general-purpose optimization routines.

Failure behavior of generic metallic and composite aircraft structural components under crash loads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carden, Huey D.; Robinson, Martha P.

1990-01-01

Failure behavior results are presented from crash dynamics research using concepts of aircraft elements and substructure not necessarily designed or optimized for energy absorption or crash loading considerations. To achieve desired new designs incorporating improved energy absorption capabilities often requires an understanding of how more conventional designs behave under crash loadings. Experimental and analytical data are presented which indicate some general trends in the failure behavior of a class of composite structures including individual fuselage frames, skeleton subfloors with stringers and floor beams without skin covering, and subfloors with skin added to the frame-stringer arrangement. Although the behavior is complex, a strong similarity in the static/dynamic failure behavior among these structures is illustrated through photographs of the experimental results and through analytical data of generic composite structural models.

Control and structural optimization for maneuvering large spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chun, H. M.; Turner, J. D.; Yu, C. C.

1990-01-01

Presented here are the results of an advanced control design as well as a discussion of the requirements for automating both the structures and control design efforts for maneuvering a large spacecraft. The advanced control application addresses a general three dimensional slewing problem, and is applied to a large geostationary platform. The platform consists of two flexible antennas attached to the ends of a flexible truss. The control strategy involves an open-loop rigid body control profile which is derived from a nonlinear optimal control problem and provides the main control effort. A perturbation feedback control reduces the response due to the flexibility of the structure. Results are shown which demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. Software issues are considered for developing an integrated structures and control design environment.

Shock-driven fluid-structure interaction for civil design

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, Stephen L; Deiterding, Ralf

The multiphysics fluid-structure interaction simulation of shock-loaded structures requires the dynamic coupling of a shock-capturing flow solver to a solid mechanics solver for large deformations. The Virtual Test Facility combines a Cartesian embedded boundary approach with dynamic mesh adaptation in a generic software framework of flow solvers using hydrodynamic finite volume upwind schemes that are coupled to various explicit finite element solid dynamics solvers (Deiterding et al., 2006). This paper gives a brief overview of the computational approach and presents first simulations that utilize the general purpose solid dynamics code DYNA3D for complex 3D structures of interest in civil engineering.more » Results from simulations of a reinforced column, highway bridge, multistory building, and nuclear reactor building are presented.« less

Advanced reliability methods for structural evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wirsching, P. H.; Wu, Y.-T.

1985-01-01

Fast probability integration (FPI) methods, which can yield approximate solutions to such general structural reliability problems as the computation of the probabilities of complicated functions of random variables, are known to require one-tenth the computer time of Monte Carlo methods for a probability level of 0.001; lower probabilities yield even more dramatic differences. A strategy is presented in which a computer routine is run k times with selected perturbed values of the variables to obtain k solutions for a response variable Y. An approximating polynomial is fit to the k 'data' sets, and FPI methods are employed for this explicit form.

Development of a composite geodetic structure for space construction, phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

Primary physical and mechanical properties were defined for pultruded hybrid HMS/E-glass P1700 rod material used for the fabrication of geodetic beams. Key properties established were used in the analysis, design, fabrication, instrumentation, and testing of a geodetic parameter cylinder and a lattice cone closeout joined to a short cylindrical geodetic beam segment. Requirements of structural techniques were accomplished. Analytical procedures were refined and extended to include the effect of rod dimensions for the helical and longitudinal members on local buckling, and the effect of different flexural and extensional moduli on general instability buckling.

On the role of dimensionality and sample size for unstructured and structured covariance matrix estimation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morgera, S. D.; Cooper, D. B.

1976-01-01

The experimental observation that a surprisingly small sample size vis-a-vis dimension is needed to achieve good signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) performance with an adaptive predetection filter is explained. The adaptive filter requires estimates as obtained by a recursive stochastic algorithm of the inverse of the filter input data covariance matrix. The SIR performance with sample size is compared for the situations where the covariance matrix estimates are of unstructured (generalized) form and of structured (finite Toeplitz) form; the latter case is consistent with weak stationarity of the input data stochastic process.

Primary Cilia and Dendritic Spines: Different but Similar Signaling Compartments

PubMed Central

Nechipurenko, Inna V.; Doroquez, David B.; Sengupta, Piali

2013-01-01

Primary non-motile cilia and dendritic spines are cellular compartments that are specialized to sense and transduce environmental cues and presynaptic signals, respectively. Despite their unique cellular roles, both compartments exhibit remarkable parallels in the general principles, as well as molecular mechanisms, by which their protein composition, membrane domain architecture, cellular interactions, and structural and functional plasticity are regulated. We compare and contrast the pathways required for the generation and function of cilia and dendritic spines, and suggest that insights from the study of one may inform investigations into the other of these critically important signaling structures. PMID:24048681

On the spectra of Pisot-cyclotomic numbers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hare, Kevin G.; Masáková, Zuzana; Vávra, Tomáš

2018-07-01

We investigate the complex spectra X^A(β )= \\sum _{j=0}^na_jβ ^j : n\\in N, a_j\\in A where β is a quadratic or cubic Pisot-cyclotomic number and the alphabet A is given by 0 along with a finite collection of roots of unity. Such spectra are discrete aperiodic structures with crystallographically forbidden symmetries. We discuss in general terms under which conditions they possess the Delone property required for point sets modeling quasicrystals. We study the corresponding Voronoi tilings and we relate these structures to quasilattices arising from the cut-and-project method.

[Creation of expert centers on endometriosis].

PubMed

Daraï, Emile; Bendifallah, Sofiane; Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie; Golfier, François

2017-12-01

Endometriosis is a frequent pathology with a high incidence of deep infiltrating endometriosis and complex forms that can affect 20% of patients with endometriosis. The incidence of infertility associated with endometriosis can reach 50%. The complexity of care requires the creation of expert centers working in networks with general practitioners. Criteria for defining these expert centers are being drawn up, based on structural criteria (multidisciplinary consultation meeting), links with medical assistance structures for procreation and activity criteria for severe and complex forms (number of interventions per center and per surgeon). Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Design, fracture control, fabrication, and testing of pressurized space-vehicle structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Babel, H. W.; Christensen, R. H.; Dixon, H. H.

1974-01-01

The relationship between analysis, design, fabrication, and testing of thin shells is illustrated by Saturn S-IVB, Thor, Delta, and other single-use and reusable large-size cryogenic aluminum tankage. The analyses and design to meet the design requirements are reviewed and include consideration of fracture control, general instability, and other failure modes. The effect of research and development testing on the structure is indicated. It is shown how fabrication and nondestructive and acceptance testing constrain the design. Finally, qualification testing is reviewed to illustrate the extent of testing used to develop the Saturn S-IVB.

Optimization techniques applied to passive measures for in-orbit spacecraft survivability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mog, Robert A.; Price, D. Marvin

1991-01-01

Spacecraft designers have always been concerned about the effects of meteoroid impacts on mission safety. The engineering solution to this problem has generally been to erect a bumper or shield placed outboard from the spacecraft wall to disrupt/deflect the incoming projectiles. Spacecraft designers have a number of tools at their disposal to aid in the design process. These include hypervelocity impact testing, analytic impact predictors, and hydrodynamic codes. Analytic impact predictors generally provide the best quick-look estimate of design tradeoffs. The most complete way to determine the characteristics of an analytic impact predictor is through optimization of the protective structures design problem formulated with the predictor of interest. Space Station Freedom protective structures design insight is provided through the coupling of design/material requirements, hypervelocity impact phenomenology, meteoroid and space debris environment sensitivities, optimization techniques and operations research strategies, and mission scenarios. Major results are presented.

Mixed variational formulations of finite element analysis of elastoacoustic/slosh fluid-structure interaction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Felippa, Carlos A.; Ohayon, Roger

1991-01-01

A general three-field variational principle is obtained for the motion of an acoustic fluid enclosed in a rigid or flexible container by the method of canonical decomposition applied to a modified form of the wave equation in the displacement potential. The general principle is specialized to a mixed two-field principle that contains the fluid displacement potential and pressure as independent fields. This principle contains a free parameter alpha. Semidiscrete finite-element equations of motion based on this principle are displayed and applied to the transient response and free-vibrations of the coupled fluid-structure problem. It is shown that a particular setting of alpha yields a rich set of formulations that can be customized to fit physical and computational requirements. The variational principle is then extended to handle slosh motions in a uniform gravity field, and used to derive semidiscrete equations of motion that account for such effects.

A general low frequency acoustic radiation capability for NASTRAN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Everstine, G. C.; Henderson, F. M.; Schroeder, E. A.; Lipman, R. R.

1986-01-01

A new capability called NASHUA is described for calculating the radiated acoustic sound pressure field exterior to a harmonically-excited arbitrary submerged 3-D elastic structure. The surface fluid pressures and velocities are first calculated by coupling a NASTRAN finite element model of the structure with a discretized form of the Helmholtz surface integral equation for the exterior fluid. After the fluid impedance is calculated, most of the required matrix operations are performed using the general matrix manipulation package (DMAP) available in NASTRAN. Far field radiated pressures are then calculated from the surface solution using the Helmholtz exterior integral equation. Other output quantities include the maximum sound pressure levels in each of the three coordinate planes, the rms and average surface pressures and normal velocities, the total radiated power and the radiation efficiency. The overall approach is illustrated and validated using known analytic solutions for submerged spherical shells subjected to both uniform and nonuniform applied loads.

47 CFR 8.13 - General pleading requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false General pleading requirements. 8.13 Section 8.13 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL PRESERVING THE OPEN INTERNET § 8.13 General pleading requirements. (a) General pleading requirements. All written submissions, both...