The effects of health shocks on employment and health insurance: the role of employer-provided health insurance.

PubMed

Bradley, Cathy J; Neumark, David; Motika, Meryl

2012-12-01

Employment-contingent health insurance (ECHI) has been criticized for tying insurance to continued employment. Our research sheds light on two central issues regarding employment-contingent health insurance: whether such insurance "locks" people who experience a health shock into remaining at work; and whether it puts people at risk for insurance loss upon the onset of illness, because health shocks pose challenges to continued employment. We study how men's dependence on their own employer for health insurance affects labor supply responses and health insurance coverage following a health shock. We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) surveys from 1996 through 2008 to observe employment and health insurance status at interviews 2 years apart, and whether a health shock occurred in the intervening period between the interviews. All employed married men with health insurance either through their own employer or their spouse's employer, interviewed in at least two consecutive HRS waves with non-missing data on employment, insurance, health, demographic, and other variables, and under age 64 at the second interview are included in the study sample. We then limited the sample to men who were initially healthy. Our analytical sample consisted of 1,582 men of whom 1,379 had ECHI at the first interview, while 203 were covered by their spouse's employer. Hospitalization affected 209 men with ECHI and 36 men with spouse insurance. A new disease diagnosis was reported by 103 men with ECHI and 22 men with other insurance. There were 171 men with ECHI and 25 men with spouse employer insurance who had a self-reported health decline. Labor supply response differences associated with ECHI-with men with health shocks and ECHI more likely to continue working-appear to be driven by specific types of health shocks associated with future higher health care costs but not with immediate increases in morbidity that limit continued employment. Men with ECHI who have a self-reported health decline are significantly more likely to lose health insurance than men with insurance through a spouse. With the passage of health care reform, the tendency of men with ECHI as opposed to other sources of insurance to remain employed following a health shock may be diminished, along with the likelihood of losing health insurance.

Benefits for employees with children with ADHD: findings from the Collaborative Employee Benefit Study.

PubMed

Perrin, James M; Fluet, Chris; Kuhlthau, Karen A; Anderson, Betsy; Wells, Nora; Epstein, Susan; Allen, Debby; Tobias, Carol

2005-02-01

Parents of most children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are employed. Employers have interest in decreasing employee absenteeism and improving workplace productivity, partly through employee benefits. The authors interviewed employers to (1) determine how they view the needs of employees with children with ADHD and (2) identify benefits that might help employees with children with ADHD. The authors carried out a systematic interview study of mainly family-friendly, large employers in four U.S. urban markets (Boston, Cleveland, Miami, Seattle). Multidisciplinary interview teams used a protocol to gather basic company information, benefit philosophy, current insurance and other employee benefits, and knowledge of ADHD and its impacts on employees. Initially, the interview team and then the larger project team reviewed all protocols for common themes. The authors interviewed staff of 41 employers (human resource managers, work/life program directors, benefits directors). Only 15 of 41 interviewees knew about ADHD, its prevalence, or its effects on parents. They had little knowledge of how differences in managed behavioral health may affect families' access to diagnostic and treatment services for ADHD, although most had experience with primary care management of depression among employees. Employers offer a variety of other benefits, including work/life and employee assistance programs, occasionally providing employees help with caring for a child with a mental health condition, on-site parent training programs, or assistance with child care. Other potentially useful employee benefits include flexible work and leave policies and information and referral services that can link parents with community programs. Although employers have limited awareness of ADHD and its potential effect on employees' work, this study identified opportunities to improve both health insurance and other benefits for employees with children with ADHD.

41 CFR 301-75.102 - What pre-employment interview travel expenses are not payable?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... interview travel expenses are not payable? 301-75.102 Section 301-75.102 Public Contracts and Property...-PRE-EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW TRAVEL Travel Expenses § 301-75.102 What pre-employment interview travel... other than communication directly related to travel arrangement for the Government interview. (b) Hire...

41 CFR 301-75.100 - Must we pay all of the interviewee's pre-employment interview travel expenses?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... interviewee's pre-employment interview travel expenses? 301-75.100 Section 301-75.100 Public Contracts and... RESPONSIBILITIES 75-PRE-EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW TRAVEL Travel Expenses § 301-75.100 Must we pay all of the interviewee's pre-employment interview travel expenses? If you decide to pay the interviewee per diem or common...

41 CFR 301-75.3 - What governing policies and procedures must we establish related to pre-employment interview travel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and procedures must we establish related to pre-employment interview travel? 301-75.3 Section 301-75.3... ALLOWANCES AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES 75-PRE-EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW TRAVEL General Rules § 301-75.3 What governing policies and procedures must we establish related to pre-employment interview travel? You must establish...

41 CFR 301-75.4 - What other responsibilities do we have for pre-employment interview travel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... responsibilities do we have for pre-employment interview travel? 301-75.4 Section 301-75.4 Public Contracts and... RESPONSIBILITIES 75-PRE-EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW TRAVEL General Rules § 301-75.4 What other responsibilities do we have for pre-employment interview travel? You must: (a) Provide your interviewees with a list of FEMA...

Best Practices in Preparing Students for Mock Interviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, Katharine; Oliphant, Gary C.; Oliphant, Becky J.; Hansen, Randall S.

2009-01-01

Studies have shown the importance of employment interview preparation in boosting the confidence and performance of students and jobseekers when they interview. This article reviews several techniques for preparing students for mock job interviews and, hence, actual job interviews. For instructors who would like to enhance the learning value of…

Note-taking in the employment interview: effects on recall and judgments.

PubMed

Middendorf, Catherine Houdek; Macan, Therese Hoff

2002-04-01

Although note-taking in the employment interview is highly recommended, little research has examined its effects. This study investigated the effects of note-taking styles, review of the notes, and content of the notes on participants' cued recall of information and decisions made from videotaped employment interviews. Note-taking increased recall accuracy but not judgment accuracy. Being able to review notes resulted in increased judgment accuracy for those taking conventional-style notes. The content of the notes also had important implications for conventional note-takers, suggesting some benefits of recording notes using the key-points style. The findings suggest that the act of note-taking may be more important for memory and legal reasons than for improving the decisions made by interviewers.

Exploring Differences in the Content of Job Interviews between Youth with and without a Physical Disability

PubMed Central

Lindsay, Sally; DePape, Anne-Marie

2015-01-01

Objective Although people with disabilities have great potential to provide advantages to work environments, many encounter barriers in finding employment, especially youth who are looking for their first job. A job interview is an essential component of obtaining employment. The objective of this study is to explore the content of the answers given in job interviews among youth with disabilities compared to typically developing youth. Methods A purposive sample of 31 youth (16 with typical development and 15 with disability) completed a mock job interview as part of an employment readiness study. The interview questions focused on skills and experiences, areas for improvement, and actions taken during problem-based scenarios. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using a content analysis of themes that emerged from the interviews. Results We found several similarities and differences between youth with disabilities and typically developing youth. Similarities included giving examples from school, emphasizing their “soft skills” (i.e., people and communication skills) and giving examples of relevant experience for the position. Both groups of youth gave similar examples for something they were proud of but fewer youth with disabilities provided examples. Differences in the content of job interview answers between the two groups included youth with disabilities: (1) disclosing their condition; (2) giving fewer examples related to customer service and teamwork skills; (3) experiencing greater challenges in providing feedback to team members and responding to scenario-based problem solving questions; and (4) drawing on examples from past work, volunteer and extra curricular activities. Conclusions Clinicians and educators should help youth to understand what their marketable skills are and how to highlight them in an interview. Employers need to understand that the experiences of youth with disabilities may be different than typically developing youth. Our findings also help to inform employment readiness programs by highlighting the areas where youth with disabilities may need extra help as compared to typically developing youth. PMID:25799198

Applicants' preference for impression management tactic in employment interviews by Transportation Security Administration.

PubMed

Scudder, Joseph N; Lamude, Kevin G

2009-04-01

Following past findings on employment interviews, this study hypothesized applicants would have a preference for using self-promoting tactics of impression management over other focuses. Self-reports of impression management tactics were collected from 124 applicants who had interviews for screener positions with the Transportation Security Administration. Contrary to the hypothesis, analysis indicated participants reported they used more ingratiation tactics attempting to praise the interviewer than self-promotion tactics which focused on their own accomplishments. Special qualifications for security jobs which required well-developed perceptual abilities and the controlling structure of the interview context were perhaps responsible for present results differing from prior findings.

A Study of the Structure and Content of Principal Selection Interviews in Pennsylvania

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weber, Elizabeth A.

2012-01-01

The principal plays a key role in student success. The employment interview is a critical element in the principal selection process. This study examined the interview structure and the content of the interview questions that districts used in their principal search for the 2011-2012 school year. The research-based practices for interview…

A cross-cultural study of employers' concerns about hiring people with psychotic disorder: implications for recovery.

PubMed

Tsang, Hector W H; Angell, Beth; Corrigan, Patrick W; Lee, Yueh-Ting; Shi, Kan; Lam, Chow S; Jin, Shenghua; Fung, Kevin M T

2007-09-01

Employment discrimination is considered as a major impediment to community integration for people with serious mental illness, yet little is known about how the problem manifests differently across western and non-western societies. We developed a lay model based on Chinese beliefs and values in terms of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and folk religions which may be used to explain cross-cultural variation in mental illness stigma, particularly in the arena of employment discrimination. In this study, we tested this lay approach by comparing employers' concerns about hiring people with psychotic disorder for entry-level jobs in US and China. One hundred employers (40 from Chicago, 30 from Hong Kong, and 30 from Beijing) were randomly recruited from small size firms and interviewed by certified interviewers using a semi-structured interview guide designed for this study. Content analysis was used to derive themes, which in turn were compared across the three sites using chi-square tests. Analyses reveal that employers express a range of concerns about hiring an employee with mental illness. Although some concerns were raised with equal frequency across sites, comparisons showed that, relative to US employers, Chinese employers were significantly more likely to perceive that people with mental illness would exhibit a weaker work ethic and less loyalty to the company. Comparison of themes also suggests that employers in China were more people-oriented while employers in US were more task-oriented. Cultural differences existed among employers which supported the lay theory of mental illness.

Secretarial Administraton: The Interviewing Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nemesh, Anna

1979-01-01

Suggests classroom techniques to prepare business students for employment interviews and gives information on lawful and unlawful employment interview inquiries, as well as some fair employment legal requirements of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1974, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Equal Pay Act of 1963, and Rehabilitation Act of 1973. (MF)

Comparing Lay Community and Academic Survey Center Interviewers in Conducting Household Interviews in Latino Communities.

PubMed

Chan-Golston, Alec M; Friedlander, Scott; Glik, Deborah C; Prelip, Michael L; Belin, Thomas R; Brookmeyer, Ron; Santos, Robert; Chen, Jie; Ortega, Alexander N

2016-01-01

The employment of professional interviewers from academic survey centers to conduct surveys has been standard practice. Because one goal of community-engaged research is to provide professional skills to community residents, this paper considers whether employing locally trained lay interviewers from within the community may be as effective as employing interviewers from an academic survey center with regard to unit and item nonresponse rates and cost. To study a nutrition-focused intervention, 1035 in-person household interviews were conducted in East Los Angeles and Boyle Heights, 503 of which were completed by lay community interviewers. A chi-square test was used to assess differences in unit nonresponse rates between professional and community interviewers and Welch's t tests were used to assess differences in item nonresponse rates. A cost comparison analysis between the two interviewer groups was also conducted. Interviewers from the academic survey center had lower unit nonresponse rates than the lay community interviewers (16.2% vs. 23.3%; p < 0.01). However, the item nonresponse rates were lower for the community interviewers than the professional interviewers (1.4% vs. 3.3%; p < 0.01). Community interviewers cost approximately $415.38 per survey whereas professional interviewers cost approximately $537.29 per survey. With a lower cost per completed survey and lower item nonresponse rates, lay community interviewers are a viable alternative to professional interviewers for fieldwork in community-based research. Additional research is needed to assess other important aspects of data quality interviewer such as interviewer effects and response error.

A Class Act? Lecturers' Views on Undergraduates' Employability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrison, Andrew

2014-01-01

This article details the findings of a study into lecturers' perceptions of undergraduate employability. The investigation employed interviews with the staff on a BA (Hons) in Education Studies course at a post-1992 university. The aim was to examine staff beliefs regarding their students' potential employability in the business and finance…

JobTIPS: A Transition to Employment Program for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

PubMed Central

Strickland, Dorothy C.; Coles, Claire D.; Southern, Louise B.

2013-01-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of an Internet accessed training program that included Theory of Mind-based guidance, video models, visual supports, and virtual reality practice sessions in teaching appropriate job interview skills to individuals with high functioning ASD. In a randomized study, twenty two youth, ages 16 to 19, were evaluated during two employment interviews. Half received a training intervention following the initial interview and the half who served as a contrast group did not. Their performance pre and post intervention was assessed by four independent raters using a scale that included evaluation of both Content and Delivery. Results suggest that youth who completed the JobTIPS employment program demonstrated significantly more effective verbal content skills than those who did not. PMID:23494559

Full-Time Employed Students as University Consumers--Consequences and Triggers of Marketisation of Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mägi, Eve; Jaakson, Krista; Aidla, Anne; Kirss, Laura; Reino, Anne

2012-01-01

This article draws on a qualitative study of student employment patterns among students who both study and work full-time. In the study, 17 employed bachelor students at state-commissioned study places in three Estonian universities, 12 lecturers from the same universities, and 13 employers supervising those full-time students, were interviewed.…

So you want to work? What employers say about job skills, recruitment and hiring employees who rely on AAC.

PubMed

Bryen, Diane Nelson; Potts, Blyden B; Carey, Allison C

2007-06-01

In order to better understand employer perspectives with respect to hiring and working with people who use AAC and the kinds of employment barriers they believe exist for these individuals, a study into the job requirements, recruitment processes, and hiring processes of 27 employers in the United States was conducted. Interviews with the 27 employers focused on 48 jobs in 25 unique categories, many of which had previously been identified as desirable by 38 adults who used AAC (some of whom were employed and some of whom were seeking employment). Findings suggest that, while level of education is still important to employers, skills such as time management, problem solving, communication, use of an understandable and standard voice, and basic technology may be even more so. The study also found that having an effective job-related network is important, as is the ability to provide credible references and do well during in-person interviews with potential employers.

The Effects of Health Shocks on Employment and Health Insurance: The Role of Employer-Provided Health Insurance

PubMed Central

Bradley, Cathy J.; Neumark, David; Motika, Meryl

2012-01-01

Background Employment-contingent health insurance (ECHI) has been criticized for tying insurance to continued employment. Our research sheds light on two central issues regarding employment-contingent health insurance: whether such insurance “locks” people who experience a health shock into remaining at work; and whether it puts people at risk for insurance loss upon the onset of illness, because health shocks pose challenges to continued employment. Objective To determine how men’s dependence on their own employer for health insurance affects labor supply responses and health insurance coverage following a health shock. Data Sources We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) surveys from 1996 through 2008 to observe employment and health insurance status at interviews two years apart, and whether a health shock occurred in the intervening period between the interviews. Study Selection All employed married men with health insurance either through their own employer or their spouse’s employer, interviewed in at least two consecutive HRS waves with non-missing data on employment, insurance, health, demographic, and other variables, and under age 64 at the second interview. We limited the sample to men who were initially healthy. Data Extraction Our analytical sample consisted of 1,582 men of whom 1,379 had ECHI at the first interview, while 203 were covered by their spouse’s employer. Hospitalization affected 209 men with ECHI and 36 men with spouse insurance. A new disease diagnosis was reported by 103 men with ECHI and 22 men with other insurance. There were 171 men with ECHI and 25 men with spouse employer insurance who had a self-reported health decline. Data Synthesis Labor supply response differences associated with ECHI – with men with health shocks and ECHI more likely to continue working – appear to be driven by specific types of health shocks associated with future higher health care costs but not with immediate increases in morbidity that limit continued employment. Men with ECHI who have a self-reported health decline are significantly more likely to lose health insurance than men with insurance through a spouse. Conclusion Men with employment-contingent health insurance are more likely to remain working following some kinds of adverse health shocks, and are more likely to lose insurance. With the passage of health care reform, the tendency of men with ECHI as opposed to other sources of insurance to remain employed following a health shock may be diminished, along with the likelihood of losing health insurance. PMID:22983813

Exploring the handshake in employment interviews.

PubMed

Stewart, Greg L; Dustin, Susan L; Barrick, Murray R; Darnold, Todd C

2008-09-01

The authors examined how an applicant's handshake influences hiring recommendations formed during the employment interview. A sample of 98 undergraduate students provided personality measures and participated in mock interviews during which the students received ratings of employment suitability. Five trained raters independently evaluated the quality of the handshake for each participant. Quality of handshake was related to interviewer hiring recommendations. Path analysis supported the handshake as mediating the effect of applicant extraversion on interviewer hiring recommendations, even after controlling for differences in candidate physical appearance and dress. Although women received lower ratings for the handshake, they did not on average receive lower assessments of employment suitability. Exploratory analysis suggested that the relationship between a firm handshake and interview ratings may be stronger for women than for men.

The Trouble with Applicant Impression Management.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ralston, Steven M.; Kirkwood, William G.

1999-01-01

Suggests that applicant impression management (AIM) is more harmful to employment interviewing than is currently suspected. Offers a conceptual model of AIM that is consistent with employment interviewing practice. Presents and critiques three arguments used to defend AIM. Examines a model for helping employers conduct interviews that minimize the…

Perspectives on Workplace Health Promotion Among Employees in Low-Wage Industries.

PubMed

Hammerback, Kristen; Hannon, Peggy A; Harris, Jeffrey R; Clegg-Thorp, Catherine; Kohn, Marlana; Parrish, Amanda

2015-01-01

Study goals were to (1) understand the attitudes of employees in low-wage industries toward workplace health promotion, including views on appropriateness of employer involvement in employee health and level of interest in workplace health promotion overall and in specific programs, and (2) determine the potential for extending workplace health promotion to spouses and partners of these employees. The study used 42 interviews of 60 to 90 minutes. Interviews were conducted with couples (married or living together) in the Seattle/King County metropolitan area of Washington State. Study participants were forty-two couples with one or more members working in one of five low-wage industries: accommodation/food services, education, health care/social assistance, manufacturing, and retail trade. The study employed qualitative analysis of interview transcripts using grounded theory to identify themes. Employees consider workplace health promotion both appropriate and desirable and believe it benefits employers through increased productivity and morale. Most have little personal experience with it and doubt their employers would prioritize employee health. Employees are most interested in efforts focused on nutrition and physical activity. Both employees and their partners support extending workplace health promotion to include partners. Employees and their partners are interested in workplace health promotion if it addresses behaviors they care about. Concern over employer involvement in their personal health decisions is minimal; instead, employees view employer interest in their health as a sign that they are valued.

Are employment-interview skills a correlate of subtypes of schizophrenia?

PubMed

Charisiou, J; Jackson, H J; Boyle, G J; Burgess, P; Minas, I H; Joshua, S D

1989-12-01

46 inpatients with a DSM-III diagnosis of schizophrenia were assessed in the week prior to discharge from hospital on measures of positive and negative symptoms and on 12 measures of employment interview skills (i.e., eye contact, facial gestures, body posture, verbal content, voice volume, length of speech, motivation, self-confidence, ability to communicate, manifest adjustment, manifest intelligence, over-all interview skill), and a global measure of employability. A cluster analysis based on the total positive and negative symptom scores produced two groups. The group with the lower mean negative symptom score exhibited better employment-interview skills and higher ratings on employability.

41 CFR 301-75.201 - May we allow the interviewee to use individual Government contractor-issued charge cards for pre...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... interviewee to use individual Government contractor-issued charge cards for pre-employment interview travel... System TEMPORARY DUTY (TDY) TRAVEL ALLOWANCES AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES 75-PRE-EMPLOYMENT INTERVIEW TRAVEL... individual Government contractor-issued charge cards for pre-employment interview travel? No. ...

Gendered Performances in Employment Interviewing: Interpreting and Designing Communication Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kinser, Amber E.

2002-01-01

Addresses how fundamental questions associated with research on gender and employment interviewing might be inherently biased. Contends that gender bias is prevalent in the workplace. Examines employment interviewing and what appears to be inconclusive evidence of gender bias in this context. Suggests guidelines for researchers interested in…

Eyeball Measurement of Dexterity: Tests as Alternatives to Interviews.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guion, Robert M.; Imada, Andrew S.

1981-01-01

Reports a study conducted for litigation in a sex discrimination case dealing with misuse of an employment interview. Results show that dexterity could not be determined in an interview and a more appropriate selection technique such as a test was required. (Author/JAC)

Brief Report: Vocational Outcomes for Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders at Six Months After Virtual Reality Job Interview Training

PubMed Central

Fleming, Michael F.; Wright, Michael A.; Losh, Molly; Boteler Humm, Laura; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D.

2016-01-01

Young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have low employment rates and job interviewing presents a critical barrier to employment for them. Results from a prior randomized controlled efficacy trial suggested virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) improved interviewing skills among trainees with ASD, but not controls with ASD. We conducted a brief survey with 23 of 26 participants from this study to evaluate their vocational outcomes at 6-month follow-up with a focus on whether or not they attained a competitive position (employment or competitive volunteering). Logistic regression indicated VR-JIT trainees had greater odds of attaining a competitive position than controls (OR 7.82, p < 0.05). Initial evidence suggests VR-JIT is a promising intervention that enhances vocational outcomes among young adults with high-functioning ASD. PMID:25986176

Brief report: vocational outcomes for young adults with autism spectrum disorders at six months after virtual reality job interview training.

PubMed

Smith, Matthew J; Fleming, Michael F; Wright, Michael A; Losh, Molly; Humm, Laura Boteler; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D

2015-10-01

Young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have low employment rates and job interviewing presents a critical barrier to employment for them. Results from a prior randomized controlled efficacy trial suggested virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) improved interviewing skills among trainees with ASD, but not controls with ASD. We conducted a brief survey with 23 of 26 participants from this study to evaluate their vocational outcomes at 6-month follow-up with a focus on whether or not they attained a competitive position (employment or competitive volunteering). Logistic regression indicated VR-JIT trainees had greater odds of attaining a competitive position than controls (OR 7.82, p < 0.05). Initial evidence suggests VR-JIT is a promising intervention that enhances vocational outcomes among young adults with high-functioning ASD.

Interviews with employed people with mobility impairments and limitations: environmental supports impacting work acquisition and satisfaction.

PubMed

Miller, Lindsey C; Gottlieb, Meghan; Morgan, Kerri A; Gray, David B

2014-01-01

Less than 40% of people with disabilities work. Many studies have detailed the barriers to employment but few have examined the work experiences of those who are employed. A description of work conditions valued by a specific segment of employed people with disabilities is provided. Videotaped interviews of 33 successfully employed people with mobility impairments and limitations (PWMIL) were transcribed and analyzed to gather their perspectives on their work social and physical environments. Finding work was facilitated by family, friends and other social networks, vocational services, and prior education. Doing volunteer work, spending time at a paid and unpaid internship, and part-time work experiences were important aspects of job acquisition. Exterior and interior physical features were or had been made accessible. Expensive assistive technologies were paid for by the employee and their health insurance. Almost all personal assistance was provided by family, friends and co-workers. Work satisfaction included having a supportive employer, supportive co-workers, and flexible worksite policies. The interviews of employed PWMIL provide prospective employers and employees information on important social and physical work features that are needed to improve the possibilities for hiring people with disabilities and facilitating their successful careers.

An Analysis of the Relationship between Principal Employment Interview Scores and the Achievement Scores of Students with Specific Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ostmeyer, Susan S.

2012-01-01

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between five of ISSLC's 2008 leadership standards as measured by a standardized employment interview (ICIS Principal) and the achievement of students with specific learning disabilities in core areas of instruction. Findings did not support the rejection of the null hypothesis.…

A Qualitative Study of Characteristics, Competencies, and Strategies of Transition Staff Working with Urban Latino

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munoz-Lorenzo, Omayra

2012-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore characteristics, competencies, and strategies of transition program employment representatives who attain successful employment outcomes for urban Latino/a youths with disabilities. This study employed in-depth interviewing as a method of data collection. The central research question guiding…

Employers' knowledge and attitudes regarding organizational policy toward workers caring for aging family members.

PubMed

Katz, Ruth; Lowenstein, Ariela; Prilutzky, Dana; Halperin, Dafna

2011-04-01

The study examined employers' knowledge of and attitudes toward working carers who care for aging family members. The study was based on the ecological model. One hundred employers were interviewed using structured questionnaires and 13 employers by additional in-depth interviews. Both research instruments included areas of disruption to the organization, existing policies, and feasibility as to developing appropriate policies to support working carers. Results show that caregiving caused a disruption in workers' functioning mainly by being absent, leaving work early, and coming to work late. Usually, there was "no policy," and half of the employers did not support introducing such a policy. Women managers in public organizations, who had less seniority and less previous experience with working-carers, tended to be more positive about supportive policies. Recommendations are included.

45 CFR 400.75 - Registration for employment services, participation in employability service programs and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., participation in employability service programs and targeted assistance programs, going to job interviews, and... service programs and targeted assistance programs, going to job interviews, and acceptance of appropriate... part. (2) Go to a job interview which is arranged by the State agency or its designee. (3) Accept at...

Interviewing for Great Teachers: A Study of the Preparation and Practices of K-12 School Principals Responsible for Interviewing and Hiring Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Surloff, Andrew L.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to survey K-12 school principals from across Southwestern Pennsylvania to investigate the schooling and other forms of preparation that these school principals received with respect to conducting employment interviews for teaching vacancies. Further, this study also sought to examine the practices that these school…

The Employer Potential of MOOCs: A Mixed-Methods Study of Human Resource Professionals' Thinking on MOOCs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Radford, Alexandria Walton; Robles, Jessica; Cataylo, Stacey; Horn, Laura; Thornton, Jessica; Whitfield, Keith E.

2014-01-01

While press coverage of MOOCs (massive open online courses) has been considerable and major MOOC providers are beginning to realize that employers may be a market for their courses, research on employers' receptivity to using MOOCs is scarce. To help fill this gap, the Finding and Developing Talent study surveyed 103 employers and interviewed a…

Developing Tools for Identifying Employer and Employee Satisfaction of Nursing New Graduates in China

PubMed Central

Fan, Yuying; Li, Qiujie; Yang, Shufen; Guo, Ying; Yang, Libin; Zhao, Shibin

2014-01-01

Purpose. Researchers developed evaluation tools measuring employment relevant satisfaction for nursing new graduates. The evaluation tools were designed to be relevant to nursing managers who make employment decisions and nursing new graduates who were just employed. Methods. In-depth interviews and an expert panel were established to review the activities that evaluate the employee and employer satisfaction of nursing new graduates. Based on individual interviews and literature review, evaluation items were selected. A two-round Delphi study was then conducted from September 2008 to May 2009 with a panel of experts from a range of nursing colleges in China. Results. The response rate was 100% and Kendall's W was 0.73 in the second round of Delphi study. After two rounds of Delphi surveys, a list of 5 employee satisfaction items and 4 employer satisfaction items was identified for nursing new graduates. Conclusions. The findings of this study identified a different but multidimensional set of factors for employment relevant satisfaction, which confirmed the importance of certain fundamental aspects of practice. We developed the evaluation tools to assess the employer and employee satisfaction of nursing new graduates, which provided a database for further study. PMID:25097876

Developing tools for identifying employer and employee satisfaction of nursing new graduates in China.

PubMed

Fan, Yuying; Li, Qiujie; Yang, Shufen; Guo, Ying; Yang, Libin; Zhao, Shibin

2014-01-01

Researchers developed evaluation tools measuring employment relevant satisfaction for nursing new graduates. The evaluation tools were designed to be relevant to nursing managers who make employment decisions and nursing new graduates who were just employed. In-depth interviews and an expert panel were established to review the activities that evaluate the employee and employer satisfaction of nursing new graduates. Based on individual interviews and literature review, evaluation items were selected. A two-round Delphi study was then conducted from September 2008 to May 2009 with a panel of experts from a range of nursing colleges in China. The response rate was 100% and Kendall's W was 0.73 in the second round of Delphi study. After two rounds of Delphi surveys, a list of 5 employee satisfaction items and 4 employer satisfaction items was identified for nursing new graduates. The findings of this study identified a different but multidimensional set of factors for employment relevant satisfaction, which confirmed the importance of certain fundamental aspects of practice. We developed the evaluation tools to assess the employer and employee satisfaction of nursing new graduates, which provided a database for further study.

Achieving Affective and Behavioral Outcomes in Culture Learning: The Case for Ethnographic Interviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bateman, Blair E.

2004-01-01

This study sought to extend previous research on ethnographic interviews as a method of culture learning in foreign language classes by employing a qualitative case study methodology. Fifty-four university students in a first-year Spanish course worked in pairs to conduct a series of three ethnographic interviews with a native speaker of Spanish.…

Are physiotherapy students adequately prepared to successfully gain employment?

PubMed

Jones, Mandy; McIntyre, Judith; Naylor, Sandra

2010-06-01

To explore the preparedness of final-year physiotherapy students for their progression into employment, and identify what universities can do to facilitate a smooth transition. A single-cohort study, utilising a qualitative design incorporating a survey followed by transcribed and coded semi-structured interviews. Interviews were held in the Placement and Careers Centre at Brunel University, London. Sixty final-year full- and part-time students participated in the survey, and 12 final-year full- and part-time students participated in the semi-structured interviews. Sixty students completed a questionnaire which explored their preparedness for employment. Questions related to the current job situation, the application process and the student's ideal first post. Responses from the questionnaire were analysed and discussed further through a digitally recorded interview. Twelve students were interviewed by an experienced interviewer from a non-physiotherapy background. Students felt unprepared for employment. Forty-seven per cent wanted a rotational post, but 26% would only spend 6 months and 39% would only spend 1 year looking for a job. Seventy-one percent would change career and 99% would work abroad if they were unable to secure a post in the UK. Most importantly, students could not identify transferable skills required by potential employers; only 25% cited effective communications, and 10% cited flexible working as a transferable skill. Self-management skills (e.g. prioritisation, time management and documentation) were not perceived as essential for employment. The job market requires physiotherapy graduates to possess transferable skills which can be applied to any situation. Many are integral to the profession and the undergraduate curriculum; however, analysis and assimilation of these skills cannot be assumed. Universities should reflect on their curriculum delivery to produce graduates who meet employers' expectations and make a smooth transition into the workplace. Copyright 2010 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Disabled Veterans of the Vietnam Era: Employment Problems and Programs. Technical Report No. 75-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Thurlow R.; And Others

The report describes the results of a study of the employment of Vietnam-era veterans with service-connected disabilities, their major problems in seeking and holding a job, and possible solutions. Data were obtained from; mail surveys of both disabled veterans and employers regarding employment; personal interviews with veterans and employers;…

Teaching Employment Interview Skills through Interactive Video Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shulman, Gary M.; And Others

An interactive video program, "The Screening Interview," has been developed at Miami University (Ohio) to help prepare college and university students for on-campus employment interviews with corporate recruiters. Within the context of the simulated interview situation provided by the program, students function as the alter ego of either…

Becoming Independent: Employer Practices That Enhance Success for Employees with an Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stofferahn, Stuart P.

2017-01-01

This qualitative study explored employer practices that enhanced success for employees with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Four employers in the southwestern United States who partnered with Southwest Autism Research and Resource Center participated in the study. Data was collected through individual, in-depth interviews with the participants…

Experiences of employed women with attention deficit hyperactive disorder: A phenomenological study.

PubMed

Schreuer, N; Dorot, R

2017-01-01

Employees with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face various risks in the workplace. Little is known of the specific challenges women with ADHD experience. To explore the experiences of working women with ADHD and learn the strategies and accommodations that facilitate their maintaining employment. Qualitative phenomenological approach was used to echo women's subjective perceptions and experiences representing their daily interactions in their workplace. In-depth interviews were conducted with eleven tertiary-educated employed women (M = 33.5; SD = 6.61 years), diagnosed with ADHD and the transcripts were analyzed by three researchers, using the qualitative phenomenological approach. Most interviewed women with ADHD described interactions with their workplace as confusing, overwhelming, and chaotic. They perceived their ADHD as a significant obstacle to success in employment that also conferred some advantages. Three interview themes are explored here (1) challenges in coping with job demands and the workplace, including the disclosure dilemma; (2) personal coping strategies; (3) useful accommodations. For the women interviewed, employment was important for their self-identity, beyond simply making a living. Their experiences indicate impaired executive functioning and inhibition and sensory sensitivity, consistently with theoretical models for ADHD. They identified gender-specific issues, such as using medication during pregnancy, which led them to seek for non-pharmacological coping mechanisms. They contributed practical knowledge regarding employee-led adaptations and employer-provided workplace accommodations.

Utilizing the Walking Interview to Explore Campus Climate for Students of Color

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Jessica

2016-01-01

This article explores the walking interview as a qualitative tool to assess campus climate. Using examples from a study that employed the walking interview, the author elucidates how this method of data collection allows for in situ understandings of participants' perceptions, spatial practices, biographies, social architecture, and social realms…

What does a physics undergraduate education give you? A perspective from Australian physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharma, Manjula; Pollard, Judith; Mendez, Alberto; Mills, David; O'Byrne, John; Scott, Dale; Hagon, Sue; Gribble, Joan; Kirkup, Les; Livett, Michelle; Low, David; Merchant, Alex; Rayner, Anton; Swan, Geoff; Zadnik, Marjan; Zealey, Willam

2008-01-01

In a study to assess how effectively undergraduate physics studies have prepared students for the workplace, we attempted to locate and interview traditional 3-year or 4-year physics students who had graduated in the past five years (2000 to 2004), and the employers of these graduates. The study was limited to recent graduates who have majored in physics and not obtained further or concurrent degrees. Overseas studies of the destinations of physics graduates referred to in this paper have not isolated the group we interviewed as a distinct group. A major finding was that the number of these graduates was unexpectedly low. Indeed, most physics graduates have two degrees. Interviews with graduates and employers suggest that physics graduates have particular strengths in problem solving and are good at applying their skills at the workplace.

Longitudinal Job Satisfaction of Persons in Supported Employment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Test, David W.; Carver, Tonya; Ewers, Lisa; Haddad, Jennifer; Person, Julie

2000-01-01

This longitudinal study examined satisfaction with supported employment jobs and services with 32 disabled individuals receiving services between 1992 and 1997. Analysis of interview data indicates participants were consistently satisfied with both their chosen supported employment jobs (including the work, friendships made, and money earned) and…

A study of education and KSAOs on career entry for product engineers: What employers really want

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thornburgh, James

The purpose of the study was to investigate the ways that employers of product engineers evaluate potential employees' job readiness, and which theories related to the education-work transaction are supported by practice. This study used a mixed methods approach and consisted of a state-wide survey (N=106) and local interviews (N=8). The results of the research indicate that attributes of both the Theory of Individual Differences and Credentialing Theory are present in the hiring practices of product engineers. Consistent with the Theory of Individual Differences, employers indicate they look for evidence of various job-related Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Other attributes (KSAOs) and they indicate they are willing to hire applicants who have less than a bachelor's degree. Consistent with Credentialing Theory, employers advertise a formal education minimum which represents only one way that individuals may learn to be an engineer. This study also confirmed prior research that most employers use primarily non-evidence based predictors to evaluate applicants. The primary initial screening predictors were experience, GPA, and major, while the primary finalist selection predictors were unstructured interviews, and applications, followed by structured interviews, job knowledge tests, and work sample test. Contrary to previous findings, this study did not find any major differences between what HR professionals, engineering managers, or other manager look for in terms of qualifications or what predictors they use when evaluating applicants for product engineer positions.

Continuity and Change: Employers' Training Practices and Partnerships with Training Providers. Research Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Erica; Smith, Andy; Tuck, Jacqueline; Callan, Victor

2017-01-01

A number of factors influence the motivations of employers to train their workforce and the ways in which they engage with the training system. This study combines a national survey and interviews with Australian employers and registered training organisations (RTOs) to provide a comprehensive picture of the way in which employers navigate the…

How Teachers Develop Their Professional Knowledge in English Study Group in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, Yi-Ching

2007-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative research was to understand the perceptions of Taiwanese teachers of the effects of a study group on their professional growth in the workplace. This case study employed the following data collection techniques: (1) informal observations and interviews, (2) focus group interview, (3) semi-structured individual…

Eliciting Taiwanese High School Students' Scientific Ontological and Epistemic Beliefs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Tzung-Jin; Tsai, Chin-Chung

2017-01-01

This study employed the interview method to clarify the underlying dimensions of and relationships between students' scientific ontological and epistemic beliefs. Forty Taiwanese high school students were invited to participate in this study. Through content analysis of the participants' interview responses two ontological dimensions including…

Using Payroll Deduction to Shelter Individual Health Insurance from Income Tax

PubMed Central

Hall, Mark A; Hager, Christie L; Orentlicher, David

2011-01-01

Objective To assess the impact of state laws requiring or encouraging employers to establish “section 125” cafeteria plans that shelter employees' premium contributions from tax. Data Sources Available descriptive statistics, 65 key-informant interviews, and relevant documents in study states and nationally, 2008–2009. Study Design Case studies were conducted in Indiana, Massachusetts, and Missouri—three states adopting laws in 2007. Descriptive quantitative information came from insurers, regulators, and surveys of employers. In each state, 15–17 semistructured but open-ended interviews were conducted with insurance agents, insurers, government officials, and third-party administration firms, and 29 informed sources were interviewed from a national perspective or other states. Key informants were selected based on their known or reported experience, in a “snowball” fashion until saturation was reached. Interview notes were coded for systematic analysis. Finally, relevant rulings, brochures, instructions, marketing materials, and other documents were collected and analyzed. Findings Despite the potential for substantial cost savings, use of section 125 plans to purchase individual insurance remained low in these states after 1 or 2 years. Absent a mandate, few employers were strongly motivated to offer these plans in order to retain an adequate workforce, and uncertainty about federal legality deterred doing so. For smaller employers, benefits to owners did not outweigh administrative complexities. Nevertheless, few downsides were found to states mandating or encouraging these plans. In particular, there is little evidence that many employers dropped group coverage as a result. Conclusions Section 125 plans remain a limited tool for states to reduce the inequitable tax treatment of individually purchased insurance, but a complete remedy requires reform of federal tax law. PMID:21054377

Employability of genetic counselors with a PhD in genetic counseling.

PubMed

Wallace, Jody P; Myers, Melanie F; Huether, Carl A; Bedard, Angela C; Warren, Nancy Steinberg

2008-06-01

The development of a PhD in genetic counseling has been discussed for more than 20 years, yet the perspectives of employers have not been assessed. The goal of this qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the employability of genetic counselors with a PhD in genetic counseling by conducting interviews with United States employers of genetic counselors. Study participants were categorized according to one of the following practice areas: academic, clinical, government, industry, laboratory, or research. All participants were responsible for hiring genetic counselors in their institutions. Of the 30 employers interviewed, 23 envisioned opportunities for individuals with a PhD degree in genetic counseling, particularly in academic and research settings. Performing research and having the ability to be a principal investigator on a grant was the primary role envisioned for these individuals by 22/30 participants. Employers expect individuals with a PhD in genetic counseling to perform different roles than MS genetic counselors with a master's degree. This study suggests there is an employment niche for individuals who have a PhD in genetic counseling that complements, and does not compete with, master's prepared genetic counselors.

An Outsider View: The Perceptions of Visiting International Students on Teaching, Language and Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bavli, Bünyamin

2017-01-01

This study investigates how international visitor students studying temporarily at a public university in Turkey perceive teaching, language and culture. Qualitative explanatory single case study method was employed in the study. The data were obtained through face to face interview with 10 participants, and a focus group interview with 3…

Employability and Employment Outcomes of No-Fee Preservice Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jin, Yule; Li, Ling; Ding, Shujing; Li, Zhichao

2013-01-01

This study used interviews and questionnaires to survey 770 no-fee preservice students. Its findings were as follows: (1) Their employability encompasses five dimensions: teaching skills, ability to learn specialized knowledge, ability to grasp elementary and secondary teaching materials and methods, communication skills, and ability to apply for…

Employer Perceptions of Student Informational Interviewing Skills and Behaviors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Orr, Claudia; Sherony, Bruce; Steinhaus, Carol

2011-01-01

Employers continue to report that soft skills are critically important in obtaining employment and achieving long-term career success. Given the challenging job market for college graduates, business school faculty need to provide practical opportunities for students to develop their soft skills in professional settings. A longitudinal study was…

Long-Term Effects of Mental disorders on Employment In the National Comorbidity Survey Ten-Year Follow-up

PubMed Central

Mojtabai, Ramin; Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Hwang, Irving; Susukida, Ryoko; Eaton, William W.; Sampson, Nancy; Kessler, Ronald C.

2015-01-01

Purpose Although significant negative associations of mental disorders with employment have been documented in epidemiological research, much of this research was based on cross-sectional samples and focused only on severe and persistent mental disorders. The present study examined the longitudinal associations of more common mental disorders with employment. Methods Data on the associations of common mental disorders with employment are presented here from 4,501 respondents in the National Comorbidity Survey panel study, a two-wave community epidemiological survey of respondents aged 15-54 at baseline (1990-1992) who were re-interviewed in 2001-2003 and were employed, unemployed in the labor force or student at baseline. Lifetime mental disorders at baseline and disorders with onset after baseline were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, a fully-structured interview that assessed lifetime prevalence of internalizing fear disorders (panic, phobias), anxiety/misery disorders (major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder), externalizing disorders (conduct disorder, alcohol and illicit drug abuse-dependence), and bipolar disorder. Results Both baseline lifetime disorders and disorders with onsets after baseline were associated with significantly reduced odds of subsequent employment among respondents who were either employed or students at baseline. Population projections based on the assumption that these associations represented causal effects suggest that the mental disorders considered here were associated with 1.7-3.2 million adults being unemployed in the US population at follow-up. Conclusions Expanded access to treatment among current employees and students with mental disorders might lead to improved employment outcomes in these segments of the population. PMID:26211661

Brief Report: Vocational Outcomes for Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders at Six Months after Virtual Reality Job Interview Training

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Matthew J.; Fleming, Michael F.; Wright, Michael A.; Losh, Molly; Humm, Laura Boteler; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D.

2015-01-01

Young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have low employment rates and job interviewing presents a critical barrier to employment for them. Results from a prior randomized controlled efficacy trial suggested virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) improved interviewing skills among trainees with ASD, but not…

[Facilitating Processes of Disintegration instead of Occupational Reintegration: A Qualitative Study on Employer-Involvement in Rehabilitation].

PubMed

Schwarz, Betje; Specht, Timo; Bethge, Matthias

2017-12-01

Purpose To explore the patient's perspective on the involvement of employers into rehabilitation. Methods 8 participants of a work-related medical rehabilitation were interviewed by telephone 4 weeks after discharge. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze generated data. Results Beside a poor employer-involvement, the interviews revealed that the process of returning to work was characterized and hampered by unused measures of supporting vocational reintegration during rehabilitation, intersection problems in the health care and social security system, and a strategy of waiting by all involved actors. Conclusion Beside an improved employer-involvement, systematic intersection management and full usage of existing measures are demanded to support vocational reintegration. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Applicant Appearance and Selection Decision Making: Revitalizing Employment Interview Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ilkka, Richard J.

1995-01-01

Presents five instructional propositions based on employment interview research on the relationship between applicant appearance and interviewer selection decisions. Argues that educators should examine the process of appearance attribution, explore appearance and position expectations, invite dialog of alleged effects, and assess related…

Motivational Interviewing to prevent dropout from an education and employment program for young adults: A randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Sayegh, Caitlin S; Huey, Stanley J; Barnett, Elizabeth; Spruijt-Metz, Donna

2017-07-01

This study tested the efficacy of Motivational Interviewing for improving retention at a "second chance" program in the United States for unemployed young adults who had not graduated high school (ages 18-24; 60% male). We investigated how Motivational Interviewing effects might be mediated by change talk (i.e., arguments for change) and moderated by preference for consistency (PFC). Participants (N = 100) were randomly assigned to (1) Motivational Interviewing designed to elicit change talk, (2) placebo counseling designed not to elicit change talk, or (3) no additional treatment. Motivational Interviewing sessions increased change talk, but did not increase program retention or diploma earning. PFC was a significant moderator of Motivational Interviewing's impact on program retention; Motivational Interviewing was most effective at increasing 8 week retention for high PFC participants, and least effective for low PFC participants. These results suggest that Motivational Interviewing could be a useful tool for improving retention in education and employment programs, but clinicians should be attentive to how participant characteristics might enhance or diminish Motivational Interviewing effects. Copyright © 2017 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Model of Successful Work Experience for Employees Who Are Visually Impaired: The Results of a Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golub, Dawn B.

2006-01-01

This study explored the factors that contribute to a successful work experience for employees who are visually impaired from the perspective of employers. The employers who were interviewed emphasized the dual responsibility that employees have to empower their own success and that employers have to enable the employees' success. In addition, an…

HIV-related stigma acting as predictors of unemployment of people living with HIV/AIDS.

PubMed

Liu, Ying; Canada, Kelli; Shi, Kan; Corrigan, Patrick

2012-01-01

Obtaining employment is an important part of recovery for many people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). However, this population often faces barriers in their attempt to reenter the workplace. One potential barrier lies in the decision-making of employers. Little is known about what influences employers' decision to hire PLHA. The current paper addresses this gap with findings from 156 quantitative interviews with employers across Chicago, Beijing, and Hong Kong regarding the hiring of people with HIV/AIDS. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that both fear of contagion and perceived incompetence are important factors in employers' decision to interview even after controlling for variables related to the employers' business size, their education level, and the provision of health benefits. These two variables accounted for 42% of the variance in employers' decision to interview. Implications of these findings are considered for better understanding of HIV-related employment stigma and further intervention for employing PLHA.

Patterns of Knowledge Construction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, Bo

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge construction patterns in a local learning community. Observation, documents, and semistructured interviews were employed to collect data. Twenty learners were interviewed. Data were analyzed inductively using the constant comparative method. Five major patterns--radiation, circulation,…

32 CFR Attachment B to Subpart B... - Standard B-Single Scope Background Investigation (SSBI)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Employment: Verification of all employments for the past seven years; personal interviews of sources... most recent or most significant claimed attendance, degree, or diploma. Interviews of appropriate... of the subject and collectively span at least the last seven years. (9) Former Spouse: An interview...

A Feasibility Study of Youth Apprenticeship in Arkansas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jobs for the Future, Inc., West Somerville, MA.

A study assessed the feasibility and attractiveness of youth apprenticeship in Arkansas in over 80 interviews with employers in 5 key Arkansas industries and occupations. They were allied health, food processing (equipment repair and maintenance and lab technician/quality control), information services, metalworking, and self-employment and…

Barriers and Incentives to Computer Usage in Teaching

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-29

classes with one or two computers. Research Methods The two major methods of data-gathering employed in this study were intensive and extensive classroom ... observation and repeated extended interviews with students and teachers. Administrators were also interviewed when appropriate. Classroom observers used

Shoulder-to-Shoulder Research "with" Children: Methodological and Ethical Considerations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffin, Krista M.; Lahman, Maria K. E.; Opitz, Michael F.

2016-01-01

This paper presents a methodological study with children where two different interview methods were utilized: the "walk-around" (a form of mobile interview) and the "shoulder-to-shoulder." The paper reviews the methodological aspects of the study then provides a brief review of the history of methods employed in research with…

Problem Solving Strategies of Selected Pre-Service Secondary School Mathematics Teachers in Malaysia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yew, Wun Theam; Zamri, Sharifah Norul Akmar Syed

2016-01-01

Problem solving strategies of eight pre-service secondary school mathematics teachers (PSSMTs) were examined in this study. A case study research design was employed and clinical interview technique was used to collect the data. Materials collected for analysis consisted of audiotapes and videotapes of clinical interviews, subjects' notes and…

Group-Based Life Design Counseling in an Italian Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Di Fabio, Annamaria; Maree, Jacobus Gideon

2012-01-01

This study examined the effectiveness of group-based Life Design Counseling using the Career-Story Interview. Written exercises were used to implement the seven topics in the Career-Story Interview. The present study employed an experimental design that involved two groups of Italian entrepreneurs from the agricultural and trade sectors, namely an…

University Lecturers' and Students' Views on Mass Education: A Case Study of Great Zimbabwe University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mapako, Felix; Mareva, Rugare; Gonye, Jairos; Gamira, Daniel

2012-01-01

The study focused on university lecturers' and students' views on mass education at university level. The inquiry employed both a qualitative and quantitative research design in which twenty lecturers were purposively sampled and interviewed using semi-structured interview guides.A semi-structured questionnaire was also administered to fifty…

Student Employment among Descendants of Turkish Migrants in Amsterdam and Strasbourg

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keskiner, Elif

2017-01-01

This article compares and contrasts the nature of student employment experience in Amsterdam and Strasbourg among descendants of Turkish migrants. The analysis relies on in-depth qualitative interviews revealing the experience of student employment and the impact of working while studying on the educational careers and future labour market…

The Role of Numeracy Skills in Graduate Employability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durrani, Naureen; Tariq, Vicki N.

2012-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explore the role and importance of numeracy skills in graduate recruitment within a diversity of employment sectors. Design/methodology/approach: The results of a mixed-methods study, involving three online surveys (including an employer survey), student focus group sessions and interviews with tutors,…

Employment of People with Disabilities in Malaysia: Drivers and Inhibitors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Melissa Ng; Abdullah, Yen; Mey, See Ching

2011-01-01

This study attempts to identify the drivers and inhibitors of employment for people with disabilities in Malaysia. It explores the skills and psychological traits needed by people with disabilities in order to get jobs and the barriers to their employment. Data include interviews detailing the viewpoints of 24 teachers with visual impairments.…

Postschool Educational and Employment Experiences of Young People with Specific Language Impairment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conti-Ramsden, Gina; Durkin, Kevin

2012-01-01

Purpose: This study examined the postschool educational and employment experiences of young people with and without specific language impairment (SLI). Method: Nineteen-year-olds with (n = 50) and without (n = 50) SLI were interviewed on their education and employment experiences since finishing compulsory secondary education. Results: On average,…

Guidelines for Improving Employer Effectiveness in Interviewing Disabled Applicants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Joyce Couch; Bragman, Ruth

1985-01-01

This article presents a five-step, structured format to be used in preparing employers for conducting interviews with disabled applicants. Described in this article is a straightforward, convenient tool that can also be used by rehabilitation personnel when providing awareness training and employer education. (Author)

It can work: Open employment for people with experience of mental illness.

PubMed

Peterson, Debbie; Gordon, Sarah; Neale, Jenny

2017-01-01

Previous research has tended to focus on the barriers to employment for people with mental illness and the extra support they may need. This research contributes to the knowledge base pertaining to this population by looking at successful employment relationships in New Zealand. To describe factors enabling and/or sustaining the open employment of people with experience of mental illness. Fifteen pairs of employers and employees were interviewed individually but consecutively (using a semi-structured interview schedule) about their perceptions of the critical factors that enabled and sustained the employee's employment. Employee participants were recruited by advertisement, with employers approached through their employees. Transcripts were analysed using a thematic analysis. Themes raised in the interviews included the meaning of work, disclosure of mental illness, the benefits of working, special arrangements or accommodations, the work environment and key things employers and employees do to sustain successful employment. Four critical success factors were identified relating to disclosure, the employment relationship, freedom from discrimination and workplace flexibility.

Looking at Employment through a Lifespan Telescope: Age, Health, and Employment Status of People with Serious Visual Impairment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirchner, Corinne; Schmeidler, Emilie; Todorov, Alexander

This report discusses the outcomes of a study that examined employment issues for people with serious visual impairments. The study reviewed data from the 1994 and 1995 National Health Interview Survey that included 128,001 people (ages 18-69) with and without visual impairments. Chapter 1 highlights age (seen as lifestage) and health status as…

National Alliance of Business Work Force Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Coast Behavioral Research Group, Cleveland, OH.

A study was conducted to determine employers' satisfaction with blue-collar and clerical employees entering the nation's work force. In addition, the study measured employers' perceptions of the ability of their employees to be retrained. A total of 200 executive interviews, of approximately 2 minutes each, were collected from a national sample of…

The Development of Employability Skills in Novice Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Erica; Comyn, Paul

This research study attempts to determine how teenage workers develop their employability skills in their first formal jobs. Case studies were carried out in 12 Australian enterprises of varying sizes and drawn from different industry areas. In each case study the following staff were interviewed: senior managers and/or human resources management…

Reading Strategies among ESL Malaysian Secondary School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Semtin, Semry Anak; Maniam, Mahendran

2015-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the types of cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies employed by secondary school students in Malaysia to improve their comprehension. The study employed a mixed-method approach which involves the instruments of a questionnaire and an interview. This study was conducted at SMK Kapit, involving ninety Form 4…

What do employers think their role is in ensuring language proficiency of internationally trained pharmacists.

PubMed

Ziaei, Zainab; Hassell, Karen; Schafheutle, Ellen I

2018-04-01

Until 2016, internationally trained pharmacists (ITPs) from the European Economic Area (EEA) did not need to prove sufficient language proficiency to the pharmacy regulator upon registration. Pharmacists themselves have a professional responsibility to ensure they can communicate and work effectively, but some responsibility also rests with employers, yet very little research has explored this. The aim of this study was to explore employer views of the communicative proficiency of ITPs whose first language was not English, their role as employers and potential implications for patient safety. Semi-structured, telephone interviews were conducted with seven community and two hospital employers with experience of employing EEA pharmacists, between May and July 2010. Verbatim interview transcripts were coded and analysed in NVivo using the framework approach. All participants mentioned the importance of having processes in place to assure EEA pharmacists' linguistic competency in the workplace. During recruitment, different strategies were used to assure language competency. Some employers only conducted interviews while others required candidates to pass English language assessments. Participants were most familiar with the International English Language Testing System, which was described as too general and not unique to pharmacy. Other pharmacy-specific tests such as the University of Bath English Language Test and Linguarama English Assessment Test for Pharmacists were alternatives. Currently, there is no one standard procedure in place to check the communicative competency of EEA pharmacists. The findings from this study suggest that there is need to establish a uniform assessment system so all the EEA pharmacists could be tested justly and consistently. © 2017 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

Seven Special Kids: Employment Problems of Handicapped Youth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, R. C.

A study of the employment problems facing physically and mentally handicapped youth is reported. To illustrate the main points, results of extensive interviews with seven handicapped youth are juxtaposed with statistics and findings. The study looks at tne continuum of services offered to handicapped individuals, including understanding the…

Productive Skills for Process Operatives. Skills Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giles, L.; Kodz, J.; Evans, C.

A study of process operatives examined the developments in processing work in 20 organizations within the chemical and food and drink processing industries. Seven exploratory interviews were followed by 20 employer interviews. Technological innovations caused job losses and layoffs. Organizational responses adopted to meet increasing competitive…

How Old Is Old? Employing Elderly Teachers in the Private Sector Schools in Sri Lanka

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Madhuwanthi, L. A. P.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to explore why private sector schools in Sri Lanka employ elderly teachers (ETs). This paper used semi-structured in-depth interviews with 9 employers/principals in the private sector schools in Sri Lanka. The study found that the reasons for employing ETs in the private sector schools were shortfall of English medium…

Job Performance and Retention among Welfare Recipients.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holzer, Harry J.; Stoll, Michael A.; Wissoker, Douglas

Data from interviews with 750 employers in Chicago, Cleveland, Milwaukee, and Los Angeles were used to analyze the job performance and retention rates of recently hired welfare recipients. The 20-minute interviews focused on employers' subjective ratings of recently hired welfare recipients' job performance and whether employers experienced the…

Effects of Applicant Sex, Physical Attractiveness, and Type of Job on Employment Interviewers' Decisions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilmore, David C.; And Others

Past research on the employment interview has suggested that interviewers are influenced by many variables, including physical attractiveness. To investigate the potential interaction of applicant sex and attractiveness on hiring decisions, the type of job, applicant sex, and applicant physical attractiveness were manipulated to determine the…

An Investigation of a Virtual School Program in One Public School District in Texas: A Descriptive Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quadri, Rizvan

2012-01-01

This qualitative, descriptive case study employed the use of narrative to investigate a virtual school program in a public school district in Texas. A focus group interviewing process was used to interview the participants. Findings from this study conclude that with continued support from district leaders, along with having the appropriate…

Using payroll deduction to shelter individual health insurance from income tax.

PubMed

Hall, Mark A; Hager, Christie L; Orentlicher, David

2011-02-01

To assess the impact of state laws requiring or encouraging employers to establish "section 125" cafeteria plans that shelter employees' premium contributions from tax. Available descriptive statistics, 65 key-informant interviews, and relevant documents in study states and nationally, 2008-2009. Case studies were conducted in Indiana, Massachusetts, and Missouri--three states adopting laws in 2007. Descriptive quantitative information came from insurers, regulators, and surveys of employers. In each state, 15-17 semistructured but open-ended interviews were conducted with insurance agents, insurers, government officials, and third-party administration firms, and 29 informed sources were interviewed from a national perspective or other states. Key informants were selected based on their known or reported experience, in a "snowball" fashion until saturation was reached. Interview notes were coded for systematic analysis. Finally, relevant rulings, brochures, instructions, marketing materials, and other documents were collected and analyzed. Despite the potential for substantial cost savings, use of section 125 plans to purchase individual insurance remained low in these states after 1 or 2 years. Absent a mandate, few employers were strongly motivated to offer these plans in order to retain an adequate workforce, and uncertainty about federal legality deterred doing so. For smaller employers, benefits to owners did not outweigh administrative complexities. Nevertheless, few downsides were found to states mandating or encouraging these plans. In particular, there is little evidence that many employers dropped group coverage as a result. Section 125 plans remain a limited tool for states to reduce the inequitable tax treatment of individually purchased insurance, but a complete remedy requires reform of federal tax law. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

Concurrent Validity of the "Working with Others Scale" of the ICIS Employment Interview System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cassidy, Martha W.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine if the Working with Others Scale from the American Association of School Personnel Administrators (AASPA) Interactive Computer Interview System (ICIS) was a valid predictor of practicing teachers' interpersonal skills and abilities to work well with colleagues. Participants in the study were all employed…

Identifying Core Competencies to Advance Female Professors' Careers: An Exploratory Study in United States Academia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seo, Ga-eun; Hedayati Mehdiabadi, Amir; Huang, Wenhao

2017-01-01

This exploratory study aims to identify the core competencies necessary to successfully advance the careers of female associate professors in higher education. To ascertain these core career competencies, a critical incident interview technique was employed. One-to-one semi-structured interviews with six female full professors at a major research…

Discriminatory Questions and Applicant Reactions in the Employment Interview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saks, Alan M.; And Others

This study investigated the effects of discriminatory interview questions on applicants' perceptions and intentions toward an organization. Participants included 118 graduate business students (59 percent male), average age of 31 with more than eight years of full-time work experience. Discriminatory questions addressed handicaps, plans for…

Evaluating the Role of Job Site Supervisors in the Long-Term Employment of Persons with Severe Disabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rusch, Frank R.; And Others

The purpose of this study was to identify job site supervisors' opinions regarding job placement, training, evaluation, and job maintenance of persons with disabilities. In order to assess the role of job site supervisors, 10 supervisors in businesses that employed individuals with handicaps were interviewed. Employment sites represented four…

Hiring and Training Workers: Executive Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, John, Ed.

To determine how employers select and train employees and the implications of this behavior for schools, telephone interviews were conducted with more than 3,500 employers. These employers answered questions on the number of persons who applied for the last position for which they hired prior to August, 1981; the number of applicants interviewed;…

English Language Schooling, Linguistic Realities, and the Native Speaker of English in Hong Kong

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen Edwards, Jette G.

2018-01-01

The study employs a case study approach to examine the impact of educational backgrounds on nine Hong Kong tertiary students' English and Cantonese language practices and identifications as native speakers of English and Cantonese. The study employed both survey and interview data to probe the participants' English and Cantonese language use at…

Involving Employers in Training: Case Studies. Research and Evaluation Report Series 97-J.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Isbell, Kellie; Trutko, John W.; Barnow, Burt S.; Nightengale, Demetra; Pindus, Nancy

This document contains in-depth descriptions and assessments of 17 exemplary employer-based training (EBT) programs that were studied as part of an examination of EBT programs. The case studies are based on site visits to each firm, during which interviews were conducted with company management, supervisors of workers in training, individuals…

Employers' perspectives of students in a master of public health (nutrition) program.

PubMed

Fox, Ann; Emrich, Teri

2012-01-01

Efforts to support workforce development led to the launch of a new master of public health program aimed at improving access to graduate studies for practising nutrition professionals. The first cohort of students identified employer support as a key determinant of their success. In order to identify ways of addressing both student and employer needs, we explored the perspectives of students' employers. Seventeen in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with employers. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Transcripts were organized using NVivo software and coded thematically. All employers indicated support for employee education and development in principle, but most faced practical challenges related to limited staffing during education leaves. Organizational policies varied considerably across employer groups. Collective agreements that guided education policy were seen to ensure consistent support for employees, but also to limit creative approaches to education support in some situations. Employers highly valued graduate student projects that were directly related to the workplace; these projects presented opportunities for collaboration among the university, students, and employers. Universities need to work with employers and other stakeholders to identify ways of overcoming barriers to public health nutrition graduate education and workforce development.

Listening to Consumer Perspectives to Inform Addictions and Housing-Related Practice and Research

PubMed Central

Farquhar, Stephanie A.; Ryder, Marianne; Henderlong, Derek; Lowe, Robert A.; Amann, Ted

2014-01-01

The study, funded by the Northwest Health Foundation of Portland, Oregon and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), was conducted as part of the HEARTH collaborative (Housing, Employment and Recovery Together for Health). HEARTH, established in 2010, is a community-academic partnership involving partners from Portland State University (PSU), Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), and Central City Concern (CCC). Using the approaches of community-based participatory research (CBPR), these diverse stakeholders collaborated to co-develop research of direct relevance to the local community and to national academic and policy communities. This study employed qualitative methods and community-based participatory research principles to solicit personal experiences with housing, employment, and recovery programs. We recruited interview participants via CCC-operated housing programs, including Alcohol and Drug Free Community Housing (ADFC), family housing, transitional housing, and non-ADFC (low barrier) housing units. The manuscript presents interview themes based on the five broad categories of interview questions: housing, employment programs, recovery programs, definitions of recovery, and definitions of success. Co-authors describe recommendations for practice and research protocol based on our findings. Our results highlight the importance of involving consumers in the development, data collection, and analysis of research, and present the unique perspectives of those who experience homelessness, recovery, and the programs designed to assist them. PMID:25580474

Listening to Consumer Perspectives to Inform Addictions and Housing-Related Practice and Research.

PubMed

Farquhar, Stephanie A; Ryder, Marianne; Henderlong, Derek; Lowe, Robert A; Amann, Ted

2014-06-01

The study, funded by the Northwest Health Foundation of Portland, Oregon and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), was conducted as part of the HEARTH collaborative (Housing, Employment and Recovery Together for Health). HEARTH, established in 2010, is a community-academic partnership involving partners from Portland State University (PSU), Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), and Central City Concern (CCC). Using the approaches of community-based participatory research (CBPR), these diverse stakeholders collaborated to co-develop research of direct relevance to the local community and to national academic and policy communities. This study employed qualitative methods and community-based participatory research principles to solicit personal experiences with housing, employment, and recovery programs. We recruited interview participants via CCC-operated housing programs, including Alcohol and Drug Free Community Housing (ADFC), family housing, transitional housing, and non-ADFC (low barrier) housing units. The manuscript presents interview themes based on the five broad categories of interview questions: housing, employment programs, recovery programs, definitions of recovery, and definitions of success. Co-authors describe recommendations for practice and research protocol based on our findings. Our results highlight the importance of involving consumers in the development, data collection, and analysis of research, and present the unique perspectives of those who experience homelessness, recovery, and the programs designed to assist them.

[Qualitative evaluation of employer requirements associated with occupational health and safety as good practice in small-scale enterprises].

PubMed

Kuroki, Naomi; Miyashita, Nana; Hino, Yoshiyuki; Kayashima, Kotaro; Fujino, Yoshihisa; Takada, Mikio; Nagata, Tomohisa; Yamataki, Hajime; Sakuragi, Sonoko; Kan, Hirohiko; Morita, Tetsuya; Ito, Akiyoshi; Mori, Koji

2009-09-01

The purpose of this study was to identify what motivates employers to promote good occupational health and safety practices in small-scale enterprises. Previous studies have shown that small-scale enterprises generally pay insufficient attention to issues of occupational health and safety. These findings were mainly derived from questionnaire based surveys. Nevertheless, some small-scale enterprises in which employers exercise good leadership do take a progressive approach to occupational health and safety. Although good practices can be identified in small-scale enterprises, it remains unclear what motivates employers in small-scale enterprises to actively implement occupational health and safety practices. We speculated that identifying employer motivations in promoting occupational health would help to spread good practices among small-scale enterprises. Using a qualitative approach based on the KJ methods, we interviewed ten employers who actively promote occupational health and safety in the workplace. The employers were asked to discuss their views of occupational health and safety in their own words. A semi-structured interview format was used, and transcripts were made of the interviews. Each transcript was independently coded by two or more researchers. These transcripts and codes were integrated and then the research group members discussed the heading titles and structural relationships between them according to the KJ method. Qualitative analysis revealed that all the employers expressed a strong interest in a "good company" and "good management". They emphasized four elements of "good management", namely "securing human resources", "trust of business partners", "social responsibility" and "employer's health condition itself", and considered that addressing occupational health and safety was essential to the achievement of these four elements. Consistent with previous findings, the results showed that implementation of occupational health and safety activities depended on "cost", "human resources", "time to perform", and "advisory organization". These results suggest that employer awareness of the relationship between good management and occupational health is essential to the implementation of occupational health and safety practices in small-scale enterprises.

Problems of Eskimo Relocation for Industrial Employment. A Preliminary Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevenson, D. S.

A study was conducted to determine the reasons for variable success in relocating Eskimo families from rural areas of the northern territories of Canada to southern centers of industrial employment (railways, mining centers). The data were collected by interviewing 105 Eskimos, both male and female, married and single, who had migrated south. The…

Transition to Employment: Role of the Family in Career Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindstrom, Lauren; Doren, Bonnie; Metheny, Jennifer; Johnson, Pam; Zane, Claire

2007-01-01

This study investigated the role of the family in career development and postschool employment outcomes for young adults with learning disabilities. Using a multiple-case study design, the authors examined a set of family structural and process variables. Fifty-nine in-depth interviews were conducted with young adults, parents, and school staff…

Entry-Level Worker Study: Phase 1 Report. Program Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Thomas; And Others

A study examined innovative workplace practices in companies that employ significant numbers of entry-level workers. Findings were based on a series of personal interviews with human resource directors in 58 companies in the Northwest and the Pacific. Asked about the quality of current entry-level workers, employers reported that a disturbing…

Approaches to Measuring and Understanding Employer Training Expenditure: Support Document

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Andrew; Burke, Gerald; Long, Michael; Dumbrell, Tom

2008-01-01

This support document was produced by the authors based on their research for the report "Approaches to Measuring and Understanding Employer Training Expenditure," and is an added resource for further information. As outlined in the report, the research for this study was based on interviews and case studies, analysis of other research…

Employed and expecting in Germany: A qualitative investigation into pregnancy-related occupational stress and coping behavior.

PubMed

Lojewski, Julia; Flothow, Annegret; Harth, Volker; Mache, Stefanie

2018-01-01

Previous studies demonstrate a higher risk for pregnant women to experience stressors within the work context and therefore suggest a higher risk for occupational stress. However, the interaction between work and pregnancy in Germany is currently an area without much active research, even though it is a common occurrence. This qualitative study explores stressors, coping behaviors and related consequences for pregnant employees in Germany. Furthermore, the study researches intervention possibilities for the purpose to prevent the target group from negative health outcomes. Thirteen semi-standardized interviews with employed pregnant women living and working in Germany were conducted. The interviews were recorded and verbatim transcribed. Data was analyzed by Mayring's structuring qualitative content analysis. Compounding the results, the interviewed women noted most frequently stressors in relation to their employer/line manager due to their pregnant condition. Even though the women showed various adaptive coping behaviors, the identified negative consequences, mainly on their emotional wellbeing. Various intervention possibilities to improve the pregnant employee's situation were mentioned. This study was able to explore broad insights into the topic of pregnant employees in Germany. Therefore, this study underlines the actuality and relevance of the topic and is able to contribute to a scientific discussion about pregnancy at the workplace.

Provision and perception of occupational health in small and medium-sized enterprises in Sheffield, UK.

PubMed

Bradshaw, L M; Curran, A D; Eskin, F; Fishwick, D

2001-02-01

A random sample of managers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) was selected from a database of businesses in Sheffield, UK. They were invited to take part in a study to evaluate the provision and perception of occupational health in SMEs in Sheffield. The study used an interviewer-led questionnaire, which collected quantitative and qualitative data; each interview took approximately 40 min to complete. Several approaches to recruitment were adopted during the study. Twenty-eight managers were interviewed over the 6 month study period. All of the SMEs employed <250 people; 43.2% did not have or had never reviewed a written health and safety policy. Only 18% had a written occupational health policy; 14.4% employed the services of a part-time occupational health physician; 7.2% employed a health and safety advisor; and 10.8% employed a part-time occupational health nurse. Twenty-five per cent had a nominated person responsible for occupational health and 67% thought that a doctor or nurse would be the best person to provide an occupational health service. Twenty-eight per cent of the companies carried out some form of pre-employment screening and 14.2% carried out health promotion. Fifteen (53.5%) collected some form of health related absence data. Eight companies (28.6%) organized a formal induction programme for all new employees. Further work should be undertaken in an attempt to improve access to local industry and particularly to SMEs. This study has clearly shown that access is possible, but different strategies of approach were required before a workable strategy could be found. Undoubtedly, this access can be improved by better understanding of the interaction between researchers, occupational health providers and local managers of SMEs.

Forging Paths through Hostile Territory: Intersections of Women's Identities Pursuing Post-Secondary Computing Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ratnabalasuriar, Sheruni

2012-01-01

This study explores experiences of women as they pursue post-secondary computing education in various contexts. Using in-depth interviews, the current study employs qualitative methods and draws from an intersectional approach to focus on how the various barriers emerge for women in different types of computing cultures. In-depth interviews with…

Health Care Service Needs and Correlates of Quality of Life: A Case Study of Elderly Chinese Immigrants in Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chow, Henry P. H.

2012-01-01

This study explored the health care service needs and the major correlates of quality of life among 127 community-dwelling elderly Chinese immigrants in a western Canadian city. Participants were interviewed in their homes by trained, bilingual interviewers employing a structured questionnaire that covered a wide range of topics including health…

A Computational Study of Commonsense Science: An Exploration in the Automated Analysis of Clinical Interview Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sherin, Bruce

2013-01-01

A large body of research in the learning sciences has focused on students' commonsense science knowledge--the everyday knowledge of the natural world that is gained outside of formal instruction. Although researchers studying commonsense science have employed a variety of methods, 1-on-1 clinical interviews have played a unique role. The data…

The decision-making experience of mothers selecting waterbirth.

PubMed

Wu, Chia-Jung; Chung, Ue-Lin

2003-12-01

Waterbirth has been a way of birth for 20 to 30 years abroad, while in Taiwan, only in the past three years have some women chosen water birth. This study aims to explore the decision-making experience of mothers selecting waterbirth. A phenomenological approach was employed in this study. Nine mothers who had given birth in water successfully in the midwife clinic in the past year were chosen and one-by-one, face-to-face interviews were conducted. The research tools included a basic information questionnaire, a semi-structured and open-ended interview guide, and an audio recorder to record the entire interviews. The content of the interviews was faithfully transcribed and analyzed with Giorgi's phenomenological method and Lincoln and Guba's qualitative credibility. Four main concepts concluded from the experience context of the studied women were: (1) Dissatisfaction with existing obstetric practices; (2) Demonstration of autonomy; (3) Consideration of relatives' attitude; and (4) Employing strategies to achieve goals. The result of this study can help nursing staff and the public to understand the decision-making experience of mothers selecting waterbirth, and help the contemplation of health care providers with respect to furnishing a more humanized birth environment in hospitals.

Client Aggression toward Rehabilitation Counselors Employed by State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trice, April Lynette

2011-01-01

Through a series of interviews this transcendental phenomenological study explored how rehabilitation counselors employed by state vocational rehabilitation agencies experienced client aggression. More specifically, it examined the circumstances involved when client aggression manifested in the work lives of rehabilitation counselors. This study…

Exploring employment readiness through mock job interview and workplace role-play exercises: comparing youth with physical disabilities to their typically developing peers.

PubMed

Lindsay, Sally; McDougall, Carolyn; Sanford, Robyn; Menna-Dack, Dolly; Kingsnorth, Shauna; Adams, Tracey

2015-01-01

To assess performance differences in a mock job interview and workplace role-play exercise for youth with disabilities compared to their typically developing peers. We evaluated a purposive sample of 31 youth (15 with a physical disability and 16 typically developing) on their performance (content and delivery) in employment readiness role-play exercises. Our findings show significant differences between youth with disabilities compared to typically developing peers in several areas of the mock interview content (i.e. responses to the questions: "tell me about yourself", "how would you provide feedback to someone not doing their share" and a problem-solving scenario question) and delivery (i.e. voice clarity and mean latency). We found no significant differences in the workplace role-play performances of youth with and without disabilities. Youth with physical disabilities performed poorer in some areas of a job interview compared to their typically developing peers. They could benefit from further targeted employment readiness training. Clinicians should: Coach youth with physical disability on how to "sell" their abilities to potential employers and encourage youth to get involved in volunteer activities and employment readiness training programs. Consider using mock job interviews and other employment role-play exercises as assessment and training tools for youth with physical disabilities. Involve speech pathologists in the development of employment readiness programs that address voice clarity as a potential delivery issue.

The Paper Chase in the Workplace: The Use and Value of Vocational Education and Training Qualifications to Employers. A Paper for the Workplace Learning Special Interest Group.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malloch, Margaret; Martino, John; Waterhouse, Peter; Townsend, Ray

Australian employers' appraisal and use of vocational education and training (VET) qualifications were examined through case studies of 15 small, medium, and large organizations in 8 of Australia's "old" and "new" economy industries. Data were collected through interviews with management/employer representatives, middle…

"...But that's Just the Stereotype": Gender and Ethnicity in Transition to Adulthood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Basit, Tehmina N.

2012-01-01

This article examines the role of gender and ethnicity in young minority ethnic British citizens' transition to adulthood. As part of a larger study using a mixed methods approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 young men and women aged 14-24 at different stages of education, employment and non-employment. By employing Bourdieu's…

Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Coverage Limitations: Results from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

PubMed Central

Kirchhoff, Anne C.; Kuhlthau, Karen; Pajolek, Hannah; Leisenring, Wendy; Armstrong, Greg T.; Robison, Leslie L.; Park, Elyse R.

2013-01-01

Purpose The Affordable Care Act (ACA) will expand health insurance options for cancer survivors in the United States. It is unclear how this legislation will affect their access to employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI). We describe the health insurance experiences for survivors of childhood cancer with and without ESI. Methods We conducted a series of qualitative interviews with 32 adult survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study to assess their employment-related concerns and decisions regarding health insurance coverage. Interviews were performed from August to December 2009 and were recorded, transcribed, and content analyzed using NVivo 8. Results Uninsured survivors described ongoing employment limitations, such as being employed at part-time capacity, which affected their access to ESI coverage. These survivors acknowledged they could not afford insurance without employer support. Survivors on ESI had previously been denied health insurance due to their pre-existing health conditions until they obtained coverage through an employer. Survivors feared losing their ESI coverage, which created a disincentive to making career transitions. Others reported worries about insurance rescission if their cancer history was discovered. Survivors on ESI reported financial barriers in their ability to pay for health care. Conclusions Childhood cancer survivors face barriers to obtaining employer-sponsored health insurance. While Affordable Care Act provisions may mitigate insurance barriers for cancer survivors, many will still face cost barriers to affording health care without employer support. PMID:22717916

Evaluation of the Master’s curriculum for elderly nursing: a qualitative study

PubMed Central

Ghaffari, Fatemeh; Dehghan-Nayeri, Nahid; Navabi, Nasrin; Seylani, Khatereh

2016-01-01

Background Improving the quality of health care and rehabilitation for the elderly is one of the most important priorities of the health care system. Given the importance of evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of any program after its implementation, this study was conducted to identify the advantages and weaknesses of a geriatric nursing program at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods This was a qualitative study, and the study population comprised students, graduates, and professors of geriatric nursing at the Master of Science level. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and focus groups. Sixteen interviews were conducted. The interview guide was used as a research tool. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Three main themes including “motivation to enter geriatric nursing”, “lack of employment groundwork”, and “lack of practical implementation of the curriculum” were the main findings of the study. Conclusion Efforts to restructure the administrative system and employment can deter geriatric nursing students from simply earning a degree and actually encourage them to learn the required content. Appraisal and improvement of education facilities for student recruitment can guarantee the practical implementation of the curriculum. Drafting policies to attract graduates in clinical environments, opening up employment opportunities, providing organizational positions for the recruitment of this group, as well as dedicating some wards for elderly special care and providing nursing care to elderly people only can increase students’ motivation to learn and their hopes of good job prospects. PMID:27713624

The Impact of Adolescent Stuttering on Educational and Employment Outcomes: Evidence from a Birth Cohort Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAllister, Jan; Collier, Jacqueline; Shepstone, Lee

2012-01-01

Purpose: In interview and survey studies, people who stutter report the belief that stuttering has had a negative impact on their own education and employment. This population study sought objective evidence of such disadvantage for people who stutter as a group, compared with people who do not stutter. Method: A secondary analysis of a British…

Educational Needs and Employment Trends of Environmental Hazardous Materials Technicians and Related Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hudis, Paula M.; And Others

A study was conducted to assess trends in the supply and demand for environmental hazardous materials (EHM) technical and related workers and to identify the skills and knowledge required of personnel in these positions. Information for the study was gathered through interviews, focus groups, and data from a mailed survey of employers of EHM…

A STUDY OF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN OFF-FARM AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS IN ALABAMA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BAKER, RICHARD A.

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO ASCERTAIN THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF OFF-FARM AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN THE STATE. BUSINESS FIRMS, OCCUPATIONS, OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND METHODS OF RECRUITMENT WERE IDENTIFIED. THE SAMPLES OF BUSINESS FIRMS WAS SELECTED FROM 20 SAMPLE COUNTIES. INTERVIEWERS CONTACTED 545 OF THE 638 FIRMS IN THE…

The Total Impact of Manpower Programs: A Four-City Case Study. Volume II--Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olympus Research Corp., Washington, DC.

Based on followup interviews with 1700 participants, this study is an evaluation of Federal manpower programs in Boston, Denver, and San Francisco-Oakland. Included are Manpower Development and Training Act Programs, Work Incentive Programs, and Concentrated Employment Program from late 1969 to early 1970. Program impact on enrollees, employers,…

The Negro in the Furniture Industry. The Racial Policies of American Industry Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fulmer, William E.

This is the twenty-eighth of a series of studies conducted to determine variances in industrial employment practices of Negroes and to develop appropriate hiring policies. This particular study sought to examine current racial employment policies in the furniture industry within the context of the industry's structure and history. Interviews with…

Oral Academic Discourse Socialisation: Challenges Faced by International Undergraduate Students in a Malaysian Public University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahfoodh, Omer Hassan Ali

2014-01-01

This paper reports a qualitative study which examines the challenges faced by six international undergraduate students in their socialisation of oral academic discourse in a Malaysian public university. Data were collected employing interviews. Students' presentations were also collected. Semi-structured interviews were transcribed verbatim and…

Contradictions and Tensions in Students' Motives of Enrolling in a Teacher Education Programme in Zimbabwe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mudavanhu, Young

2015-01-01

This study explored identities commonly used in teacher education and student teachers' motives for becoming a teacher. The qualitative case methodology employed interviews and biographical questionnaires data collection methods. Data was gathered through interviewing student teachers and lecturers. Qualitative data analysis began by defining a…

Guilty in Whose Eyes? Student-Teachers' Perspectives on Cheating on Examinations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amua-Sekyi, Ekua Tekyiwa

2016-01-01

The study explored student-teachers' views on cheating during examinations. A mixed method approach which involved a survey and focus group interviews was employed. Nine hundred undergraduate education students from a public university and three colleges of education in Ghana were surveyed. Focus group interviews were held with six students from…

Trading Skills for Sales Assistants. IES Report 323.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dench, S.; And Others

A study examined changing skill requirements for the occupation of sales assistant in the United Kingdom. Data were collected from four sources: a review of the existing literature; exploratory interviews with key contacts concerned with sales assistants' skills/training; in-depth interviews of 19 employers; and a seminar at which the study…

So You Were a Language Major: Corporate Interviewing and Training in Foreign Languages and Cross-Cultural Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seabrook, Roberta; Valdes, Berardo

A study of the attitudes and practices in multinational corporations concerning second language and intercultural skills as criteria for employment of international managers consisted of three elements: (1) a survey of corporations; (2) followup interviews with respondents and with commercial language schools and cross-cultural training…

Using photo-elicitation to understand reasons for repeated self-harm: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Edmondson, Amanda J; Brennan, Cathy; House, Allan O

2018-04-11

Reasons for self-harm are not well understood. One of the reasons for this is that first-hand accounts are usually elicited using traditional interview and questionnaire methods. This study aims to explore the acceptability of using an approach (photo-elicitation) that does not rely on solely verbal or written techniques, and to make a preliminary assessment of whether people can usefully employ images to support a discussion about the reasons why they self-harm. Interviews with eight participants using photo elicitation, a method in which photographs produced by the participant are used as a stimulus and guide within the interview. Participants responded positively to using images to support a discussion about their self-harm and readily incorporated images in the interview. Four main themes were identified representing negative and positive or adaptive purposes of self-harm: self-harm as a response to distress, self-harm to achieve mastery, self-harm as protective and self-harm as a language or form of communication. Employing this novel approach was useful in broadening our understanding of self-harm.

Implementation of the physician assistant in Dutch health care organizations: primary motives and outcomes.

PubMed

van Vught, Anneke J A H; van den Brink, Geert T W J; Wobbes, Theo

2014-01-01

Physician assistants (PAs) are trained to perform medical procedures that were traditionally performed by medical physicians. Physician assistants seem to be deployed not only to increase efficiency but also to ensure the quality of care. What is not known is the primary motive for employing PAs within Dutch health care and whether the employment of the PAs fulfills the perceived need for them. Supervising medical specialists who used PAs in their practices were interviewed about their primary motives and outcomes. The interviews were semistructured. Two scientists coded the findings with respect to motives and outcomes. In total, 55 specialists were interviewed about their motives for employing a PA, and 15 were interviewed about the outcomes of employing a PA. With respect to the primary motives for employing a PA, the most frequent motive was to increase continuity and quality of care, followed by relieving the specialist's workload, increasing efficiency of care, and substituting for medical residents. The outcomes were found to be consistent with the motives. In conclusion, the primary motive for employing a PA in Dutch health care is to increase continuity and quality of care.

Racial differences in quality of life and employment outcomes in insured women with breast cancer.

PubMed

Bradley, Cathy J; Wilk, Amber

2014-03-01

Prior studies indicate that racial disparities are not only present in cancer survival, but also in the quality of cancer survivorship. We estimated the effect of cancer and its treatment on two measures of survivorship quality as follows: health-related quality of life and employment and hours worked for initially employed and insured women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. We collected employment data from 548 women from 2007 to 2011; 22 % were African-American. The outcomes were responses to the SF-36, CES-D, employment, and change in weekly hours worked from pre-diagnosis to 2 and 9 months following treatment initiation. African-American women reported a 2.77 (0.94) and 1.96 (0.92) higher score on the mental component summary score at the 2 and 9 month interviews, respectively. They also report fewer depression symptoms at the 2-month interview, but were over half as likely to be employed as non-Hispanic white women (OR = 0.43; 95 % CI = 0.26 to 0.71). At the 9-month interview, African-American women had 2.33 (1.06) lower scores on the physical component summary score. Differences in health-related quality of life were small and, although statistically significant, were most likely clinically insignificant between African-American and non-Hispanic white women. Differences in employment were substantial, suggesting the need for future research to identify reasons for disparities and interventions to reduce the employment effects of breast cancer and its treatment on African-American women. African-American breast cancer survivors are more likely to stop working during the early phases of their treatment. These women and their treating physicians need to be aware of options to reduce work loss and take steps to minimize long-term employment consequences.

The cost and benefits of employment: a qualitative study of experiences of persons with multiple sclerosis.

PubMed

Johnson, Kurt L; Yorkston, Kathryn M; Klasner, Estelle R; Kuehn, Carrie M; Johnson, Erica; Amtmann, Dagmar

2004-02-01

To attain a better understanding of the benefits and barriers faced by persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the workplace. Qualitative research methodology comprising a series of semistructured interviews. Community-based setting. Fourteen women and 2 men with MS living in the community who were employed or recently employed at the time of interviews. Not applicable. Accounts of personal experiences related to employment. Four themes emerged: the cost-benefit economy of working; fatigue and cognitive changes; stress in the workplace; and accommodations made to address barriers. Although participants valued work highly, they were also aware of the cost of being employed. The consequences of unemployment or changing jobs were considered negative and appeared stressful. For persons with MS, employment had both costs and significant benefits. Accommodations in the workplace and modifications of roles and responsibilities at home made it possible for individuals to continue working. Health care providers must consider the complexity and timing of decisions by people with MS to continue or leave employment before recommending either action. Identifying critical periods of intervention to stabilize this cost-benefit balance is a critical next step for understanding issues of employment and MS.

Evaluation, Supervision, and Staff Development under Mandated Reform: The Perceptions and Practices of Rural Middle School Principals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eady, Charlotte King; Zepeda, Sally J.

2007-01-01

The perspectives of three rural middle school principals as they implement Georgia's A Plus Education Reform Act of 2000 were investigated in this study. A case study approach was used, employing both within case and cross case analyses. Three interviews were conducted with each of the three participants, resulting in a total of nine interviews.…

Perceptions of Preparedness of NIU Students for On-Campus Interviewing and the Factors Identified as Significant in Their Preparation. An Evaluative Research Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mosser, John W.

Preparation for employment beyond the academic training colleges provide is an area of essential skills most students need to develop. This study sought to determine student perceptions of the factors that were significant in their preparation for on-campus interviews and of the helpfulness of the Northern Illinois University's Career Planning and…

The transitioning experiences of internationally-educated nurses into a Canadian health care system: A focused ethnography

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Beyond well-documented credentialing issues, internationally-educated nurses (IENs) may need considerable support in transitioning into new social and health care environments. This study was undertaken to gain an understanding of transitioning experiences of IENs upon relocation to Canada, while creating policy and practice recommendations applicable globally for improving the quality of transitioning and the retention of IENs. Methods A focused ethnography of newly-recruited IENs was conducted, using individual semi-structured interviews at both one-to-three months (Phase 1) and nine-to-twelve months post-relocation (Phase 2). A purposive sample of IENs was recruited during their orientation at a local college, to a health authority within western Canada which had recruited them for employment throughout the region. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data was managed using qualitative analytical software. Data analysis was informed by Roper and Shapira's framework for focused ethnography. Results Twenty three IENs consented to participate in 31 interviews. All IENs which indicated interest during their orientation sessions consented to the interviews, yet 14 did not complete the Phase 2 interview due to reorganization of health services and relocation. The ethno-culturally diverse group had an average age of 36.4 years, were primarily educated to first degree level or higher, and were largely (under) employed as "Graduate Nurses". Many IENs reported negative experiences related to their work contract and overall support upon arrival. There were striking differences in nursing practice and some experiences of perceived discrimination. The primary area of discontentment was the apparent communication breakdown at the recruitment stage with subsequent discrepancy in expected professional role and financial reimbursement. Conclusions Explicit and clear communication is needed between employers and recruitment agencies to avoid employment contract misunderstandings and to enable clear interpretation of the credentialing processes. Pre-arrival orientation of IENs including health care communications should be encouraged and supported by the recruiting institution. Moreover, employers should provide more structured and comprehensive workplace orientation to IENs with consistent preceptorship. Similar to findings of many other studies, diversity should be valued and incorporated into the professional culture by nurse managers. PMID:21693059

Employment insecurity, workplace justice and employees' burnout in Taiwanese employees: a validation study.

PubMed

Cheng, Yawen; Huang, Hsun-Yin; Li, Pei-Rong; Hsu, Jin-Huei

2011-12-01

Employment insecurity and workplace injustice are important psychosocial hazards. However, few studies of these associations have been conducted in Chinese-speaking populations. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of employment insecurity and workplace justice scales, and examined their associations with the levels of workers' burnout status in Taiwanese workers. Study subjects were participants in a national survey of employees in Taiwan, consisting of 9,636 men and 7,406 women. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess employment insecurity (six items) and workplace justice (nine items), as well as other psychosocial work characteristics. After the survey was completed, in-depth interviews with 10 employees were conducted for a qualitative evaluation. Cronbach's α was 0.87 or greater for the workplace justice scale and 0.76 or greater for the employment insecurity scale, indicating satisfactory internal consistencies. Exploratory factor analyses revealed a factor pattern consistent with the theoretically assumed structure, except that the items with statements in reversed direction were loaded on separated factors. Higher levels of employment insecurity and lower levels of workplace justice were associated with higher burnout scores. However, results from the qualitative interviews suggested that some questionnaire items contained double-barreled questions, and some questions were misinterpreted or considered irrelevant by participants. The Chinese version of employment insecurity and workplace justice scales were found to have satisfactory reliability and validity. However, improvement of these scales is still needed.

Idle Hands: Community Employment Experiences of Formerly Incarcerated Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullis, Michael; Yovanoff, Paul

2006-01-01

In this study, the authors examined the facility-to-community transition experiences--focusing specifically on employment--of 531 incarcerated youth following their release from Oregon's juvenile correctional system. They gathered data on the sample while these youth were still in custody and then every 6 months through phone interviews to…

Lived Employment Experiences of College Students and Graduates with Physical Disabilities in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Mikyong Minsun; Williams, Brenda C.

2012-01-01

This phenomenological study aims at understanding lived experiences of college seniors and recent college graduates with physical disabilities seeking employment opportunities after graduation in the USA The extensive interviews revealed that participants' attitudes about and experiences with disability are diverse (pain to pride, denied…

The Educational Needs of Dislocated Workers in Minnesota.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Park, Rosemarie J.; And Others

A study was conducted to determine if dislocated workers in Minnesota felt they had sufficient reading and mathematics skills to obtain new employment or enter retraining programs. A representative group of 168 dislocated workers who had been employed in manufacturing, taconite mining, lumber, and farming were interviewed from June through…

42 CFR 85a.5 - Conduct of investigations of places of employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RESEARCH AND RELATED ACTIVITIES OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INVESTIGATIONS OF... mortality, morbidity, injury, safety, and other similar studies; and to question and interview privately any... unique types of protective equipment, such equipment shall be furnished by the employer, owner, operator...

42 CFR 85a.5 - Conduct of investigations of places of employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RESEARCH AND RELATED ACTIVITIES OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INVESTIGATIONS OF... mortality, morbidity, injury, safety, and other similar studies; and to question and interview privately any... specialized or unique types of protective equipment, such equipment shall be furnished by the employer, owner...

42 CFR 85a.5 - Conduct of investigations of places of employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RESEARCH AND RELATED ACTIVITIES OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH INVESTIGATIONS OF... mortality, morbidity, injury, safety, and other similar studies; and to question and interview privately any... specialized or unique types of protective equipment, such equipment shall be furnished by the employer, owner...

Employer-sponsored health insurance coverage limitations: results from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

PubMed

Kirchhoff, Anne C; Kuhlthau, Karen; Pajolek, Hannah; Leisenring, Wendy; Armstrong, Greg T; Robison, Leslie L; Park, Elyse R

2013-02-01

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) will expand health insurance options for cancer survivors in the USA. It is unclear how this legislation will affect their access to employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI). We describe the health insurance experiences for survivors of childhood cancer with and without ESI. We conducted a series of qualitative interviews with 32 adult survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study to assess their employment-related concerns and decisions regarding health insurance coverage. Interviews were performed from August to December 2009 and were recorded, transcribed, and content analyzed using NVivo 8. Uninsured survivors described ongoing employment limitations, such as being employed at part-time capacity, which affected their access to ESI coverage. These survivors acknowledged they could not afford insurance without employer support. Survivors on ESI had previously been denied health insurance due to their preexisting health conditions until they obtained coverage through an employer. Survivors feared losing their ESI coverage, which created a disincentive to making career transitions. Others reported worries about insurance rescission if their cancer history was discovered. Survivors on ESI reported financial barriers in their ability to pay for health care. Childhood cancer survivors face barriers to obtaining ESI. While ACA provisions may mitigate insurance barriers for cancer survivors, many will still face cost barriers to affording health care without employer support.

Longitudinal employment outcomes in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Hwang, M; Zebracki, K; Chlan, K M; Vogel, L C

2014-06-01

Longitudinal survey. To determine in adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) employment outcomes, longitudinal changes in employment over time and changes in psychosocial outcomes associated with employment status. Community setting. Adults who had sustained a SCI before 19 years of age and had completed at least three consecutive annual interviews were included in the study. Generalized estimating equation models were formulated to obtain odds ratio (OR) of change in employment status and outcomes over time. Total 1691 interviews were conducted in 283 participants, 182 men and 101 women (88% Caucasian; age at baseline, 27.3±3.7 years; duration at baseline, 12.7±5.0 years). At the last interview (age, 34.4±5.2 years; duration, 19.9±6.1 years), 49.5% were employed and 47.0% had a baccalaureate or post-baccalaureate degree. There was no significant change in employment status over time (OR 1.01, confidence interval (CI) 0.98-1.04). Odds of employment increased over time in participants who were women (1.04, CI 1.00-1.08), married (1.05, CI 1.02-1.08) and attained baccalaureate (1.03, CI 1.00-1.07) or post-baccalaureate (1.05, CI 1.02-1.08) degree. Employment odds decreased with occurrence of autonomic dysreflexia (0.80, CI 0.65-0.99), spasticity (0.80, CI 0.59-0.99) or chronic medical condition (0.83, CI 0.71-0.98). Life satisfaction scores increased over time in those who remained employed (1.11, CI 1.01-1.22); odds of depression increased over time in those who remained unemployed (1.13, CI 1.04-1.23). Employment status remained relatively stable in adults with pediatric-onset SCI; however, changes in employment were associated with education, secondary health conditions and psychosocial well-being.

Helping Interviewees Tell Their Stories.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ralston, Steven M.; Kirkwood, William G.; Burant, Patricia A.

2003-01-01

Notes that employers' use of behavioral description interviews has increased dramatically within the past decade. Explains that behavioral description questions require respondents to tell stories and that storytelling is now critical to applicants' success in employment interviews. Presents criteria to judge the effectiveness of applicants'…

Strategies Pregnant Rural Women Employ to Deal with Intimate Partner Violence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhandari, Shreya; Bullock, Linda F. C.; Sharps, Phyllis W.

2013-01-01

This study explored strategies from the Intimate Partner Violence Strategy Index (IPVSI) that a sub-set of 20 rural, low-income, abused women of a larger, multi-site, mixed-method study employed to deal with Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during the perinatal period. We conducted 32 in-depth interviews with women who were pregnant (N = 12) and/or…

Beginning Teachers' Experiences Working with a District-Employed Mentor in a North Carolina School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hobbs, Kari S.; Putnam, Jennifer

2016-01-01

This study is concerned with the experiences of beginning teachers working with a district-employed mentor. Based on Illeris's (2002) Three Dimensions of Learning, the study sought to understand the cognitive, emotional, and social processes involved in working with a mentor through the use of one-on one, in-depth interviews. Nine beginning…

Structured Interviews: Developing Interviewing Skills in Human Resource Management Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doll, Jessica L.

2018-01-01

Structured interviews are widely used in the employment process; however, students often have little experience asking and responding to structured interview questions. In a format similar to "speed dating," this exercise actively engages students in the interview process. Students pair off to gain experience as an interviewer by asking…

Barriers and facilitators of return to work for individuals with strokes: perspectives of the stroke survivor, vocational specialist, and employer.

PubMed

Culler, Kathleen H; Wang, Ying-Chih; Byers, Katherine; Trierweiler, Robert

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that facilitated or acted as a barrier to return to work (RTW) for stroke survivors. We applied 3 approaches to identify the factors. First, we conducted qualitative interviews with 10 stroke survivors about their RTW experience post stroke. Second, we surveyed 21 vocational specialists about barriers and facilitators of RTW based on their clinical practice. Last, we interviewed 7 employers who had experience in interviewing individuals with disabilities or had the authority to make hiring decisions. Descriptions of barriers and facilitators to RTW from these 3 perspectives were illustrated. Identified components were mapped based on the ICF framework. From stroke survivors' perspectives, factors affecting employment after stroke include neurological (motor, cognition, communication), social, personal, and environmental factors. Vocational specialists described similar barriers and facilitators of RTW as the stroke survivors but emphasized personal factors such as flexibility and being realistic in vocational goals. The employers explained that the candidate's disability plays no role in the hiring process and indicated that all applicants must meet the essential job requirements. Some employers described the benefits of having the support of vocational rehabilitation staff and being able to interact with the vocational rehabilitation specialists during the hiring process. The interaction allows the employer to gather initial information (consented to by the job applicant) about the applicants from the vocational rehabilitation service and to be educated about any specific needs related to the applicant's medical issues.

College Student Unions: What Professionals Are Doing to Assess Learning Outcomes for Student Program Board Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Toole-Curran, Janette J.

2015-01-01

The descriptive survey employed in this study explored current assessment practices of learning outcomes, including the resources used and the learning outcomes assessed for student programming board leaders. The researcher collected data through document review and phone interviews. She interviewed 21 student activities and union advisors who are…

Bilingual Facebook Users' Cognitive Writing Processes (Processus cognitifs d'écriture des utilisateurs bilingues de Facebook)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riley, Jacqueline

2015-01-01

This study seeks to explore the cognitive processes involved as bilinguals wrote English and Spanish Facebook status updates. Three phases of data collection were employed: individual interviews, examination of participants' Facebook status updates and a group interview. The findings suggested that regardless of the language in which participants…

Discursive Power and the New Labor Force: The Metamorphosis of a Speech Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miles, Christopher

2010-01-01

This article describes the results of a six-month ethnographic case study of a French immigrant of Senegalese descent and how he recreates the culture of an American company's speech community. Data were collected through interviews, field notes, and shadowing the participant at his place of employment. The transcribed interviews and field notes…

Making Sense of Social Justice in Education: Jewish and Arab Leaders' Perspectives in Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arar, Khalid Husny; Oplatka, Izhar

2016-01-01

The research aimed to understand the way in which high school principals' perceptions of social justice (SJ) are implemented in their daily educational work. A qualitative study employed in-depth semi-structured interviews to collect the narratives of two high school principals in Israel--one Arab-Muslim and one Jewish. The interview transcripts…

Hearing difficulty attributable to employment by industry and occupation: an analysis of the National Health Interview Survey--United States, 1997 to 2003.

PubMed

Tak, SangWoo; Calvert, Geoffrey M

2008-01-01

To estimate the national burden of hearing difficulty among workers in US industries and occupations. Data on 130,102 employed National Health Interview Survey respondents between the ages of 18 to 65 years who were interviewed between 1997 and 2003 were analyzed to estimate the population prevalence, adjusted prevalence ratios, and fractions of hearing difficulty attributable to employment. The estimated population prevalence of hearing difficulty was 11.4% (24% attributable to employment). The adjusted prevalence ratios of hearing difficulty were highest for railroads, mining, and primary metal manufacturing industry. Occupations with increased risk of hearing difficulty were mechanics/repairers, machine operators, and transportation equipment operators. Hearing difficulty was differentially distributed across various industries. In industries with high rates, employers and workers should take preventive action to reduce the risk of occupational hearing loss.

Do Multiple Mini-Interview and Traditional Interview Scores Differ in Their Associations With Acceptance Offers Within and Across Five California Medical Schools?

PubMed

Jerant, Anthony; Henderson, Mark C; Griffin, Erin; Hall, Theodore R; Kelly, Carolyn J; Peterson, Ellena M; Wofsy, David; Franks, Peter

2018-03-20

In single-school studies, multiple mini-interview (MMI) and traditional interview (TI) scores are associated with acceptance offers. Unexamined is whether scores at one school are associated with acceptance at other schools; such analyses would mitigate single-school design biases and better estimate how well interviews capture desired applicant attributes. Using data from the five California Longitudinal Evaluation of Admissions Practices (CA-LEAP) public medical schools, the authors examined associations of MMI and TI scores with acceptance offers within and across schools. The analyses included applicants who interviewed at ≥1 CA-LEAP school during the 2011-2013 admissions cycles, when three CA-LEAP schools employed TIs and two employed MMIs. Interview scores were standardized (z-scores: mean = 0, SD = 1) and associations with acceptance offers were examined within and across schools in analyses stratified by school, adjusting for applicant sociodemographics, academic metrics, year, and total number of interviews. Of 4,993 applicants interviewed, 428 (8.6%) interviewed at both MMI schools, 681 (13.6%) at ≥2 TI schools, and 1,327 (26.6%) at ≥1 MMI and ≥1 TI school. For each school, acceptance was associated with interview score at that school and also with interview scores at the other four schools. Cross-school associations of MMI versus TI scores with acceptance did not differ statistically. Interview score at a given CA-LEAP school was associated with acceptance at the other four schools, with no significant differences in associations for MMIs versus TIs. The findings suggest both MMIs and TIs captured attributes valued by admissions teams across CA-LEAP schools.

Perspectives on workplace health promotion among employees in low-wage industries

PubMed Central

Hammerback, Kristen; Hannon, Peggy A.; Harris, Jeffrey R.; Clegg-Thorp, Catherine; Kohn, Marlana; Parrish, Amanda

2016-01-01

Purpose Study goals were to (a) understand the attitudes of employees in low-wage industries toward workplace health promotion, including views on appropriateness of employer involvement in employee health, and level of interest in workplace health promotion overall and in specific programs; and (b) determine the potential for extending workplace health promotion to spouses and partners of these employees. Approach Forty-two 60-90-minute interviews Setting Interviews were conducted with couples (married or living together) in the Seattle/King County metropolitan area of Washington State. Participants Forty-two couples with one or more members working in one of five low-wage industries: accommodation/food services, education, health care/social assistance, manufacturing, and retail trade. Method Qualitative analysis of interview transcripts using grounded theory to identify themes. Results Employees consider workplace health promotion both appropriate and desirable, and believe it benefits employers through increased productivity and morale. Most have little personal experience with it and doubt their employers would prioritize employee health. Employees are most interested in efforts focused on nutrition and physical activity. Both employees and their partners support extending workplace health promotion to include partners. Conclusion Employees and their partners are interested in workplace health promotion if it addresses behaviors they care about. Concern over employer involvement in their personal health decisions is minimal; instead, employees view employer interest in their health as a sign that they are valued. PMID:25162321

How persons with a neuromuscular disease perceive employment participation: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Minis, Marie-Antoinette H; Satink, Ton; Kinébanian, Astrid; Engels, Josephine A; Heerkens, Yvonne F; van Engelen, Baziel G M; Nijhuis-van der Sanden, Maria W G

2014-03-01

A qualitative study was carried out to understand how people with a slow progressive adult type neuromuscular disease (NMD) perceive employment participation. 16 paid employed persons with NMD were interviewed in open, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using the constant comparison method. Four themes were identified in the analyses: (1) Experiences regarding the meaning of work; (2) Solving problems oneself; (3) Reaching a turning point; and (4) Taking into account environmental aspects. Persons with NMD highlighted benefits of staying at work as well as the tension they felt how to shape decisions to handle progressive physical hindrances in job retention. This study shows how participants at work with NMD were challenged to keep up appearances at work and at home, the tension felt around when and if to disclose, the effect of their condition on colleagues and work reorganisation challenges. Participants experienced that disclosure did not always make things better. With increasing disability participants' focus shifted from the importance of assistive products towards considerate colleague, in particular superior's willingness in supporting job retention. Implications for health professionals might include awareness of the significant impact of changes in physical condition on employment. Timely communication and if appropriate referral to a health or occupational professional may empower employees with NMD to handle employment issues at a for themselves appropriate way. Assistive products and a supportive superior might enhance employment participation.

Composite Classes: The Murezi School Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nyoni, Tsitsi; Nyoni, Mika

2012-01-01

The research looks at the phenomenon of composite classes as experienced by the Murezi community. To gather the required data and to have an in-depth understanding of the Murezi school experience, the case study was employed and the questionnaire, interview and on-site observations were employed as data gathering instruments. The three were used…

Chance of a Lifetime

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, David Jason

2006-01-01

This report, more than a year in the making and informed by over 50 interviews with employers, educators, and local and national policymakers, details both the growing problem of disconnected youth in New York City and what it will take to redirect them toward career-track employment and family-supporting incomes. The centerpiece of this study is…

Pathways to Employment and Quality of Life for Apprenticeship and Traineeship Graduates with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cocks, Errol; Thoresen, Stian H.; Lee, Elinda Ai Lim

2015-01-01

People with disabilities have low participation rates in employment and vocational education and training. Thirty adults with disabilities were sampled from an Australian longitudinal study of economic and social outcomes achieved by graduate apprentices and trainees. Participants were surveyed and interviewed to identify pathways from high school…

Personnel Training and Employment Needs of Hospital Food Services in Tennessee.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peay, Moiselle

Personnel training and employment needs in connection with food service were studied through interviews with hospital administrators and food service managers in 25 selected Tennessee hospitals. Mentioned most often by managers as important were the areas of communications and human relations for all job classifications except food preparation,…

Estimated Demand for 1986 Graduates of Michigan Four-Year Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shingleton, John D.; And Others

The current employment market for 1986 college graduates from Michigan was assessed by placement directors from 29 Michigan four-year institutions. The directors rated supply and demand based on information obtained from follow-up studies of recent graduates, campus interviewing statistics on employer requests by major and degree level, numbers of…

Issues in Occupational Education and Training: A Case Study in Tunisia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Bukhari, Najati Mohammed Amin

To investigate and analyze the role played by the industrial sections of the educational, intervening, and employment training systems in meeting manpower needs and to determine output and costs of these systems, interviews were held with employment officials, educators, and recruitment and training officers to obtain information concerning their…

Language Factors in the Employment of Bilingual Mexican-Americans: A Case Study Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia, Nelda Carola

To determine the extent to which the perceived English language performance of employed bilingual Mexican-Americans influenced or handicapped them in performing job duties as proficiently as their monolingual counterparts, personal interviews were conducted with equal numbers of Mexican-Americans, their non-Mexican-American occupational peers, and…

Youth Unemployment in Rural Areas. Work and Opportunity Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cartmel, Fred; Furlong, Andy

This study investigated factors leading to employment and unemployment for young people living in urban and rural areas in Scotland. Surveys and interviews were conducted with 817 youths, 40 rural employers, and 25 professionals from across Scotland. Findings include: (1) long-term youth unemployment was less common in rural than in urban areas,…

The Perceived Benefits of Paid Employment to Women in Working Class Jobs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walshok, Mary Lindenstein

A two-year longitudinal study of 200 working women in California urban areas represents an effort to understand the processes by which specific interests and commitments to paid employment develop. Data from intensive personal interviews with women in traditional and nontraditional occupations should indicate factors which facilitate the entry of…

Ethnic Identity and Academic Achievement among Latino/a Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Estela Zarate, Maria; Bhimji, Fazila; Reese, Leslie

2005-01-01

This study examines Latino/a adolescents' ethnic identities and academic achievement. In open-ended interviews, the high school aged youth employed cultural and nationality explanations for their ethnic label choices. In many cases, they did not commit to a specific label, employing instead language that indexed their fluid, border identities.…

Employers' Views on the Value of Older Workers. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of Southern Maine, Portland. Human Services Development Inst.

A study examined the extent to which organizations in three New England states valued newly hired older workers. Telephone interviews were conducted with 105 directors of human resources (DHRs) and with 113 director supervisors from a broad range of organizations. Major dependent variables were general employer motivations and expectations related…

Employers' Perspectives on Training: Three Industries. NCVER Research Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Chandra

2017-01-01

This study explores employers' perspectives on workforce training from 10 firms in three industries (red meat processing, road freight transport, and freight forwarding) located in urban and regional areas of five states on Australia's eastern seaboard. The analysis draws on data collected at interviews with senior managers and internal and…

A STUDY OF THE LUMBER INDUSTRY IN IDAHO, PART III.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LOUDERMILK, KENNETH M.; AND OTHERS

DATA COLLECTED FROM 27 LUMBER MILLS THROUGH 131 SUPERVISOR INTERVIEWS AND 1,192 EMPLOYEE QUESTIONNAIRES IDENTIFIED 188 JOB TITLES FOR 3,871 EMPLOYEES. EMPLOYMENT EXPANSION WAS PLANNED BY 36 FIRMS, AND A DECREASE WAS EXPECTED BY 20 FIRMS. MOST FIRMS MADE EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS ON AN ANNUAL BASIS, REFLECTING THEIR ANNUAL BUDGET PRACTICES.…

Defining and Quantifying Potentially Discriminatory Questions in Employment Interviewing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Springston, Jeffery K.; Keyton, Joann

A study determined what constitutes an illegal pre-employment question, reviewed current laws and literature on the subject, and determined the prevalence of illegal questions asked by organizations. Except in the case of specific statutory law, there is no precise way to define what constitutes an illegal question; however, state and federal…

How Graduates Make Meaning of Their On-Campus Employment: A Retrospective View

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Empie, Margaret Jane

2012-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study was to "explore and understand how recent college graduates made meaning of their on-campus work experience". The author interviewed graduates from a private liberal arts institution regarding how their on-campus employment impacted their academic success, overall student experience, and beginning…

Employment-related difficulties and distressed living condition in patients with hepatitis B virus: A qualitative and quantitative study.

PubMed

Oka, Taeko; Enoki, Hiroaki; Tokimoto, Yukari; Kawanishi, Teruaki; Minami, Meguru; Okuizumi, Takahiro; Katahira, Kiyohiko

2017-06-12

In Japan, an estimated 400,000 people have the hepatitis B virus (HBV), many of whom were infected as a result of group vaccinations. People with HBV face many challenges, including disease progression, employment-related difficulties, and increased medical expenses. The relationship between HBV victims' daily life suffering and poverty associated with HBV-related employment changes has not been examined. We aimed to clarify the employment-related hardships experienced by Japanese HBV victims, and the relationships between these hardships and daily life suffering, including poverty, through qualitative and quantitative analyses. The study population comprised 11,046 people infected with HBV via group vaccination who filed lawsuits in Japan's District Courts by 2014. First, we conducted a qualitative study (2013) using the KJ method, with 107 participants (68 men, mean age 58.9 years; 39 women, mean age 55.3 years). Semi-structured interviews were conducted covering participants' current condition, treatment, medical expenses, and life difficulties (employment- and family-related problems). In 2014, we conducted a quantitative study. We mailed questionnaires to the entire study population, investigating the topics covered in the interviews (response rate 60.1%). Daily life suffering was determined by responses to the question "What do you think about your everyday life situation?" We performed binomial logistic regression analyses to verify the relationships between daily life suffering and disease, employment, and income status. Interview data were integrated into seven islands: intention to work, lack of understanding of HBV in the workplace, inability to buy life insurance, burden due to medical expenses, life failure, dissatisfaction with the system, and wishing for life balance. The quantitative analyses showed significant positive correlations between daily life suffering and liver cancer (odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-2.17, p < 0.05), being a part-time/casual employee (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.11-1.92 p < 0.01), and an income below the national average (p < 0.01). We qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated that employment-related hardships and daily life suffering are prevalent in people with HBV. Their likelihood of experiencing distress in daily life increases with increasing medical expenses, insecure employment status (e.g., job loss) attributable to HBV, and the resulting poverty.

Hiring in a Hobbesian World. Social Infrastructure and Employers' Use of Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Shazia Rafiullah; Rosenbaum, James E.

1997-01-01

Interviews of 51 employers showed they do not use transcripts or teacher recommendations in hiring. They mistrust applicant information from most sources, emphasizing interviews and "gut instinct," which often gives invalid results. They tend to use information from other employees or long-term social networks. (SK)

Expanding the Haitian rehabilitation workforce: employment situation and perceptions of graduates from three rehabilitation technician training programs.

PubMed

Descôteaux, Nancy; Chagnon, Valérie; Di Dong, Xin; Ellemo, Eric; Hamelin, Alessandra; Juste, Evans; Laplante, Xavier; Miron, Allison; Morency, Philippe; Samuel, Katherine; Charles, David; Hunt, Matthew

2018-05-01

This article examines the employment situation and perceptions of graduates from three rehabilitation technician (RT) programs in Haiti. In this mixed method study, 74 of 93 recent graduates completed a questionnaire, and 20 graduates participated in an in-depth qualitative interview. We analyzed survey results using descriptive statistics. We used a qualitative description approach and analyzed the interviews using constant comparative techniques. Of the 48 survey respondents who had completed their training more than six months prior to completing the questionnaire, 30 had found work in the rehabilitation sector. Most of these technicians were working in hospitals in urban settings and the patient population they treated most frequently were patients with neurological conditions. Through the interviews, we explored the participants' motivations for becoming a RT, reflections on the training program, process of finding work, current employment, and plans for the future. An analysis of qualitative and quantitative findings provides insights regarding challenges, including availability of supervision for graduated RTs and the process of seeking remunerated work. This study highlights the need for stakeholders to further engage with issues related to formal recognition of RT training, expectations for supervision of RTs, concerns for the precariousness of their employment, and uncertainty about their professional futures. Implications for Rehabilitation The availability of human resources in the rehabilitation field in Haiti has increased with the implementation of three RT training programs over the past 10 years. RTs who found work in the rehabilitation sector were more likely to work in a hospital setting, in the province where their training had taken place, to treat a diverse patient clientele, and to be employed by a non-governmental organization. The study underlines challenges related to the long-term sustainability of RT training programs, as well as the employment of their graduates. Further discussion and research are needed to identify feasible and effective mechanisms to provide supervision for RTs within the Haitian healthcare system.

Informal workers' access to health care services: findings from a qualitative study in the Kassena-Nankana districts of Northern Ghana.

PubMed

Akazili, James; Chatio, Samuel; Ataguba, John Ele-Ojo; Agorinya, Isaiah; Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam; Sankoh, Osman; Oduro, Abraham

2018-05-16

Over the past two decades, employment in the informal sector has grown rapidly in all regions including low and middle-income countries. In the developing countries, between 50 and 75% of workers are employed in the informal sector. In Ghana, more than 80% of the total working population is working in the informal sector. They are largely self-employed persons such as farmers, traders, food processors, artisans, craft-workers among others. The persistent problem in advancing efforts to address health vulnerabilities of informal workers is lack of systematic data. Therefore, this study explored factors affecting informal workers access to health care services in Northern Ghana. The study used qualitative methodology where focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted. Purposive sampling technique was used to select participants for the interviews. The interviews were transcribed and coded into emergent themes using Nvivo 10 software before thematic content analysis. Study participants held the view that factors such as poverty, time spent at the health facility seeking for health care, unpleasant attitude of health providers towards clients affected their access to health care services. They perceived that poor organization and operations of the current health system and poor health care services provided under the national health insurance scheme affected access to health care services according to study participants. However, sale of assets, family support, borrowed money from friends and occasional employer support were the copying strategies used by informal workers to finance their health care needs. Most of the population in Ghana are engaged in informal employment hence their contribution to the economy is very important. Therefore, efforts needed to be made by all stakeholders to address these challenges in order to help improve on access to health care services to all patients particularly the most vulnerable groups in society.

Tailoring the Interview Process for More Effective Personnel Selection.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saville, Anthony

Structuring the initial teacher employment interview adds validity to selection and appropriately utilizes human resources. Five aspects of an effective interview program include: (1) developing a job analysis plan; (2) reviewing the applications; (3) planning for the interview; (4) the interview instrument; and (5) legal implications. An…

The experiences of urban, professional women when combining breastfeeding with paid employment in Karachi, Pakistan: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Hirani, Shela Akbar Ali; Karmaliani, Rozina

2013-06-01

Pakistan has the second highest child mortality rate in South Asia. Breastfeeding can promote infant health, prevent infection and possibly mortality. However, a gradual decline in breastfeeding is reported for Pakistan; especially among urban, educated, employed women. Little research exists regarding the experiences of professional women in Pakistan who are breastfeeding and employed. To describe the experiences of urban, professional women who breastfeed and are employed, as related to facilitators and barriers of breastfeeding. Using a qualitative descriptive design, nine full-time employed women were recruited through purposive sampling from a private tertiary care health setting in Karachi, Pakistan. A pre-tested, semi-structured interview guide was used for an in-depth interview of 40-45min with each participant. Most women spoke about the challenges of combining breastfeeding with employment, which resulted in early cessation of breastfeeding. The study indicated that positive maternal attributes such as knowledge about breastfeeding, planning, self-commitment, and open communication, as well as availability of social and workplace support is essential to enable urban, professional women in Pakistan to continue breastfeeding while employed. Pakistan has high infant and child mortality rate and decreasing prevalence of breastfeeding, especially among employed professional women. Our findings indicate an urgent need for lactation support programs that include integrated interventions for lactating women that offer informational support, social support, and formal workplace support. Copyright © 2012 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Feedforward interview technique in obstetrics and gynaecology residents: a fact or fallacy.

PubMed

Sami, Shehla; Ahmad, Amina

2015-01-01

To determine the role of Feedforward Interview (FFI) technique in motivating residents of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for better learning and performance. An explorative study with mixed method approach being employed. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sandeman (Provincial) Hospital, Quetta, from November 2010 till May 2013. Feedforward interview technique was complimented by survey questionnaire employing similar philosophy of FFI to triangulate data through two methods. Survey questionnaire was filled-up by 21 residents and analysed by SPSS version 17. Fourteen of these participants were identified for in-depth Feedforward Interviews (FFI), based on nonprobability purposive sampling after informed consent, and content analysis was done. Feedforward interview technique enabled majority of residents in recalling minimum of 3 positive experiences, mainly related to surgical experiences, which enhanced their motivation to aspire for further improvement in this area. Hard work was the main personal contributing factor both in FFI and survey. In addition to identifying clinical experiences enhancing desire to learn, residents also reported need for more academic support as an important factor which could also boost motivation to attain better performance. Feedforward interview technique not only helps residents in recalling positive learning experiences during their training but it also has a significant influence on developing insight about one's performance and motivating residents to achieve higher academic goals.

Employers' views of promoting walking to work: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Audrey, Suzanne; Procter, Sunita

2015-02-11

Physical inactivity increases the risk of many chronic diseases including coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity and some cancers. It is currently recommended that adults should undertake at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity in bouts of 10 minutes or more throughout the week. One way for adults in employment to incorporate exercise into their daily routine is to walk during the commute to and from work. Schemes to promote active travel require the support of employers and managers but there is a lack of research focusing on their views and experiences of promoting walk to work schemes. This study presents the findings from in-depth, digitally recorded interviews with 29 employers from a range of small, medium and large workplaces who participated in a feasibility study to develop and test an employer-led scheme to promote walking to work. All recordings were fully transcribed. The Framework approach for data management was used to aid qualitative analysis. Interview transcripts were read and reread, and textual data were placed in charts focusing on facilitators, barriers, and possibilities for employers to promote walking to work. A range of perspectives were identified, from active support through uncertainty and cynicism to resistance. The majority of employers who took part in the study were unclear about how to give practical support for employees who walk to work, but appeared more confident about ideas to promote cycling. Some employers were concerned about how their attempts to promote walking might be perceived by employees. Furthermore, the main business of their organisation took priority over other activities. It is clear that employers need more evidence of the effectiveness of walk to work schemes, and the benefits to employers of committing resources to them. Furthermore, employers need support in creating an authentic, health promoting ethos within the workplace to enhance positive relationships and reduce tensions that may arise when promoting active travel initiatives.

Arranging for personal assistance services and assistive technology at work. A report of the rehabilitation research and training center on personal assistance services.

PubMed

Stoddard, Susan; Kraus, Lewis

2006-01-01

For an employee with a disability, reasonable accommodation can make the difference in finding work, maintaining employment, and succeeding on the job. Today, employers and employees alike are more aware that appropriate accommodation, including workplace personal assistance services (PAS) as well as assistive technology, improves an employee's ability to succeed. While assistive technology is in widespread use as an accommodation, workplace personal assistance is less understood. The goal of the study was to learn more about how workplace PAS and AT are arranged for in the workplace, and the issues that arise. Structured phone interviews were conducted with 20 workplace PAS users, 21 employers familiar with workplace PAS, and 19 employment organizations. Interview transcripts are the basis for the qualitative analysis of findings. Requirements for personal assistance accommodations focus on task-related needs. Personal care needs at work are not included in the Americans with Disabilities act but may be needed by the employee. Employers and PAS users have developed many creative ways to address PAS need. Organizations can construct an approach that fits the needs, abilities, and constraints of each organization. The interview respondents have identified a number of practices that are succeeding, including establishment of policies for arranging for PAS; centralization of accommodation budgets to remove work unit disincentives; and providing a shared personal assistant for interpreting or for task-related and personal care tasks. A number of important research questions remain. What is the extent of the need for PAS in the workplace? Will an expanded PAS supply increase the employment opportunities for people with disabilities? Will better models of workplace PAS be adopted by employers?

Supporting the Health of Low Socioeconomic Status Employees: Qualitative Perspectives from Employees and Large Companies.

PubMed

Parrish, Amanda T; Hammerback, Kristen; Hannon, Peggy A; Mason, Caitlin; Wilkie, Michelle N; Harris, Jeffrey R

2018-03-13

The aim of this study was to identify alignments between wellness offerings low socioeconomic status (SES) employees need and those large companies can provide. Focus groups (employees); telephone interviews (large companies). Employees were low-SES, insured through their employers, and employed by large Washington State companies. Focus groups covered perceived barriers to healthy behaviors at work and potential support from companies. Interviews focused on priorities for employee health and challenges reaching low-SES employees. Seventy-seven employees participated in eight focus groups; 12 companies completed interviews. Employees identified facilitators and barriers to healthier work environments; companies expressed care for employees, concerns about employee obesity, and reluctance to discuss SES. Our findings combine low-SES employee and large company perspectives and indicate three ways workplaces could most effectively support low-SES employee health: create healthier workplace food environments; prioritize onsite physical activity facilities; use clearer health communications.

Factors that influence disclosure of hearing loss in the workplace.

PubMed

Southall, Kenneth; Jennings, Mary Beth; Gagné, Jean-Pierre

2011-10-01

The objective of the study was to identify factors that lead individuals to conceal or disclose their hearing loss in the workplace. A qualitative research paradigm called qualitative description was selected to address this issue. Twelve people who had an adult onset hearing loss, and were gainfully employed, participated in audio-recorded semi-structured interviews designed to probe issues related to disclosure of hearing loss. A photo elicitation interview technique was employed during the interviews. Content analyses were used to extract pertinent information from verbatim transcripts. Five recurring themes emerged as important considerations in relation to this topic: (1) perceived importance of the situation; (2) perceived sense of control; (3) community affiliation; (4) burden of communication; and (5) coexisting issues related to hearing loss. The findings are discussed in relation to other concealable stigmatizing traits, stigma-theory, and social-cognitive theory. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed, with particular emphasis placed on worker self-efficacy.

Examining critical care nurses' critical incident stress after in hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

PubMed

Laws, T

2001-05-01

The object of this study was to determine if critical care nurses' emotional responses to having performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation were indicative of critical incident stress. A descriptive approach was employed using a survey questionnaire of 31 critical care nurses, with supportive interview data from 18 of those participants. Analysis of the data generated from the questionnaire indicated that the respondents experienced thought intrusion and avoidance behaviour. A majority of those interviewed disclosed that they had experienced a wide range of emotional stressors and physical manifestations in response to having performed the procedure. The findings from both questionnaire and interview data were congruent with signs of critical incident stress, as described in the literature. This has been found to be detrimental to employees' mental health status and, for this reason, employers have a duty of care to minimise the risk of its occurrence and to manage problems as they arise.

Views from Academia and Industry on Skills Needed for the Modern Research Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Talgar, Cigdem P.; Goodey, Nina M.

2015-01-01

Reports from employers of higher education graduates indicate the existence of a considerable gap between the skills required by employers and those possessed by recent graduates. As a first step toward closing this gap, this study aims to determine its origin. Interviews with nine research-active biochemistry professionals were used to identify…

Relationship between Self-Actualisation and Employment for At-Risk Young Unemployed Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huss, Ephrat; Magos, Michal

2014-01-01

This study used drawing and semi-structured interviews to access the visions of self-actualisation of a group of at-risk young women in an employment support group in Israel. The findings point to the synergetic relationship between the self-defined goals of the young women such as inner peace, self-regulation, assertiveness, good relationships…

The Temporary Help Industry: A Response to the Dual Internal Labor Market.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mangum, Garth; And Others

1985-01-01

This study of the rapidly growing temporary help industry draws on Commerce Department data and the results of the authors' national mail survey of employers. The authors also conducted interviews in the San Francisco area with employers of temporary help and with representatives of temporary help agencies and labor unions. (Author/CT)

The Relationship between Parenting Style and Maternal Employment in Families with Elementary School Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Kelly; And Others

The relationship between maternal employment and maternal and paternal parenting styles is investigated in this study. Subjects included 117 two-parent families with elementary school children. Responses were obtained from 111 mothers and 24 fathers. The survey was conducted by a telephone interview lasting 10-15 minutes in duration. Questions…

Developing Employability Skills via Extra-Curricular Activities in Vietnamese Universities: Student Engagement and Inhibitors of Their Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tran, Le Huu Nghia

2017-01-01

This article reports a study that investigated student engagement and inhibitors of their engagement with developing employability skills via extra-curricular activities in Vietnamese universities. Content analysis of 18 interviews with students and statistical analysis of 423 students' responses to a paper-based survey showed that despite a…

Employment-Driven Online Student Attrition and the Assessment Policy Divide: An Australian Open-Access Higher Education Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Catherine; Greenland, Steven

2017-01-01

Two hundred and twenty-six qualitative interviews with students studying at Australia's largest online tertiary education organisation, Open Universities Australia (OUA), found that failure to complete assessments due to unexpected and unavoidable employment commitments was the standout reason for dropping out of its open-access courses. The…

Employment Situation and Life Changes for People with Disabilities: Evidence from Nepal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamichhane, Kamal

2012-01-01

In this study we attempt to bring attention to the situation of people with disabilities in the developing world by focusing on the labor market of Nepal. Utilizing a unique dataset collected from people with hearing, physical, and visual impairments through questionnaire-based interview methods, we compare across employment based on type of…

Proficiency as a Variable in Gulf EFL Students' Employment of Reading Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Endley, Martin J.

2016-01-01

This paper reports a study of the reading strategies used by twelve Arabic-speaking undergraduates at a major Gulf university when reading texts in English. The procedure employed was a think-aloud protocol followed by a semi-structured interview. Three research questions were addressed: (a) What are the primary comprehension problems encountered…

Career Development Influences of International Students Who Pursue Permanent Immigration to Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arthur, Nancy; Flynn, Sarah

2011-01-01

This research focused on the career decision and planning needs of a unique group of migrants: international students who are completing their studies as temporary immigrants and who are embarking on the career journey of employment and permanent immigration. A semi-structured interview employing a Critical Incident Technique was used to assess…

Epistemic Beliefs about Justification Employed by Physics Students and Faculty in Two Different Problem Contexts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercan, Fatih Caglayan

2012-01-01

This study examines the epistemic beliefs about justification employed by physics undergraduate and graduate students and faculty in the context of solving a standard classical physics problem and a frontier physics problem. Data were collected by a think-aloud problem solving session followed by a semi-structured interview conducted with 50…

Work Values, Cognitive Strategies, and Applicant Reactions in a Structured Pre-Employment Interview for Ethical Integrity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pawlowski, Donna R.; Hollwitz, John

2000-01-01

Notes that companies emphasize ethical behavior, and schools and professional groups devote many resources to applied ethics training. Describes initial construct validation of a structured ethical integrity pre-employment interview. Reviews evidence relating to cognitive and impression management strategies used when college students encounter an…

Voices of impoverished Brazilian women: health implications of roles and resources.

PubMed

Messias, D K; Hall, J M; Meleis, A I

1996-01-01

This qualitative study was based on individual interviews with 75 Brazilian women in an impoverished peri-urban squatter community (favela) in southeastern Brazil. The purposes of the study were to describe women's role involvement in domestic and employment contexts; identify stresses and satisfactions of maternal, spousal, and employment roles; and assess personal and environmental role constraints and resources from the perspective of women's health. The analytic approach to the interview data was qualitative content analysis, through which thematic categories of maternal, spousal, and employment role satisfactions and stresses were identified by the researchers. Women's unrelenting work in the face of harsh social and economic environments was a broad theme woven throughout the women's descriptions of their lives. The confluence of role constraints affecting the participants' lives included poverty, marginalization, abuse, and lack of support and recognition by partners and society. In order to overcome great adversity and meet heavy role demands, these women relied on self, faith in God, family, and health resources. Implications for women's health promotion are discussed.

Perspectives of employees with intellectual disabilities on themes relevant to their job satisfaction. an explorative study using photovoice.

PubMed

Akkerman, Alma; Janssen, Cees G C; Kef, Sabina; Meininger, Herman P

2014-11-01

This study explored the perspectives of people with intellectual disabilities on themes relevant to their job satisfaction in integrated and sheltered employment. The photovoice method was used. Nine participants with moderate to mild intellectual disabilities, working in integrated and sheltered employment, took pictures of aspects related to their job satisfaction. Each participant was subsequently interviewed about his/her pictures. Interview transcripts were content analysed to distinguish themes. Nine themes were found: the nature of the work itself, working conditions, experienced job demands, social relations at work, received support, perceived autonomy, opportunities for using competencies, opportunities for growth and development and meaningfulness. All themes were applicable in integrated and sheltered employment. From the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities, various themes relate to their job satisfaction, either in positive or negative ways. Photovoice appeared to be a valuable approach, facilitating participants in expressing their views and providing in-depth information. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Campesinas: Women Farmworkers in the California Agricultural Labor Force. Report of a Study Project by The California Commission on the Status of Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Amy E.

A one year descriptive study of demographic characteristics, employment situations, and supportive services needs of women farmworkers in the California labor force was conducted in 1977-78. Data were collected in interviews with both employers and 400 women and 200 men engaged in farmwork in Fresno and Imperial Counties. Most of the women were of…

Chinese and American Employers’ Perspectives Regarding Hiring People with Behaviorally Driven Health Conditions: The Role of Stigma

PubMed Central

Corrigan, Patrick W.; Tsang, Hector W. H.; Shi, Kan; Lam, Chow S.; Larson, Jon

2010-01-01

Work opportunities for people with behaviorally driven health conditions such as HIV/AIDS, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and psychosis are directly impacted by employer perspectives. To investigate this issue, we report findings from a mixed method design involving qualitative interviews followed by a quantitative survey of employers from Chicago (U.S.), Beijing (China), and Hong Kong (China). Findings from qualitative interviews of 100 employers were used to create 27 items measuring employer perspectives (the Employer Perspective Scale: EPS) about hiring people with health conditions. These perspectives reflect reasons for or against discrimination. In the quantitative phase of the study, representative samples of approximately 300 employers per city were administered the EPS in addition to measures of stigma, including attributions about disease onset and offset. The EPS and stigma scales were completed in the context of one of five randomly assigned health conditions. We weighted data with ratios of key demographics between the sample and the corresponding employer population data. Analyses showed that both onset and offset responsibility varied by behaviorally driven condition. Analyses also showed that employer perspectives were more negative for health conditions that are seen as more behaviorally driven, e.g., drug and alcohol abuse. Chicago employers endorsed onset and offset attributions less strongly compared to those in Hong Kong and Beijing. Chicago employers also recognized more benefits of hiring people with various health conditions. The implications of these findings for better understanding stigma and stigma change among employers are considered. PMID:21036445

What are the experiences of people with dementia in employment?

PubMed

Chaplin, Ruth; Davidson, Ian

2016-03-01

Statistics show that an increase in the statutory retirement age in the UK will mean that many more people will develop a dementia while still in employment. A review of the literature confirmed that there are no existing studies in the UK which examine this issue in any detail. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of people who develop a dementia while still in employment and to understand how they make sense of these experiences; therefore a qualitative explorative inquiry based on an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis methodology was used. Interviews with five people who had developed a dementia while still in employment were carried out, with ages ranging from 58 to 74 years. Interview transcripts were analysed and four super-ordinate themes were identified: the realization that something is wrong; managing the situation in the workplace; trying to make sense of change; and coming to terms with retirement or unemployment. The results showed that people who develop a dementia while still in employment do not always receive the 'reasonable adjustments' in the workplace to which they are entitled under the Equality Act (2010). Some of the participants felt that they were poorly treated by their workplace and described some distressing experiences. The study highlights the need for more effective specialized advice and support regarding employment issues and more research into the numbers of people in the UK that are affected by this issue. © The Author(s) 2014.

Families Coping without Earnings or Government Cash Assistance. Assessing the New Federalism: An Urban Institute Program to Assess Changing Social Policies. Occasional Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zedlewski, Sheila R.; Nelson, Sandi; Edin, Kathryn; Koball, Heather; Pomper, Kate; Roberts, Tracy

This study sought to determine why some families live outside the government cash income support system despite extreme poverty. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 95 extremely poor families (cash income below 50 percent of the federal poverty level living without employment income or government cash assistance). The interview sample was…

THE IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON BEHAVIORAL FACTORS AS BASES FOR PRE-ENTRY PREPARATION OF WORKERS FOR GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT. FINAL REPORT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SJORGREN, DOUGLAS; AND OTHERS

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE WHETHER COMMON BEHAVIORS COULD BE IDENTIFIED ACROSS OCCUPATIONS TO SERVE AS A BASIS FOR CURRICULUM BUILDING. INTERVIEWS WERE CONDUCTED WITH INCUMBENTS IN 47 AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS AND 36 OCCUPATIONS IN THE METAL FABRICATING INDUSTRY FOR A TOTAL OF 466 INTERVIEWS IN COLORADO AND NEBRASKA. THE INTERVIEW…

Coping strategies employed by women with endometriosis in a public health-care setting

PubMed Central

Roomaney, Rizwana; Kagee, Ashraf

2015-01-01

This study explored how South African patients attending public health facilities reported coping with endometriosis. A total of 16 women with endometriosis were interviewed, and we explored how participants coped with endometriosis. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Participants reported employing both problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies to cope with endometriosis. Problem-focused strategies included limiting physical activities, increasing knowledge about endometriosis, scheduling social and work activities around menstrual cycle, engaging in self-management and relying on social support. Emotion-focused coping strategies included accepting the disease, adopting a positive attitude, engaging in self talk and evoking spirituality. PMID:25769875

Qualitative study of peer workers within the 'Partners in Recovery' programme in regional Australia.

PubMed

Hurley, John; Cashin, Andrew; Mills, Jem; Hutchinson, Marie; Kozlowski, Desiree; Graham, Iain

2018-02-01

In Australia and internationally, Peer Workers are increasingly being incorporated into the mental health workforce. Underpinning this trend is the conviction that the inclusion of workers with lived experience in overcoming mental health challenges is central to transforming service delivery. Given there are few identified Australian studies into the experiences of Peer Workers, this paper reports findings from qualitative interviews conducted in a Partners In Recovery programme in one regional area in Australia. The interviews formed part of a larger mixed-method study evaluating Peer Worker roles in the programme. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts with Peer Workers and other staff employed in the programme (n = 22) was undertaken. Central to the five themes that emerged was the concept of lived experience expertise in overcoming mental health challenges. The themes were: (i) role variance, (ii) the challenges and opportunities for Peer Worker, (iii) the processes Peer Workers employed as they attempted to shape an identify and language, (iv) the inconsistencies and challenges of employing lived experience as a defining feature of the peer worker role, and (v) the nature of trust arising from lived experience relationships. From this study, it is evident that the Peer Worker role remains underdeveloped. The difficulties experienced by Peer Workers in establishing a homogenous identity and role is not unique. The process and lack of clarity around role identity revealed from the narratives, parallels the experiences of Mental Health Nursing. © 2016 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.

75 FR 31462 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Record of Employee Interview

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-03

... Information Collection: Comment Request; Record of Employee Interview AGENCY: Office of Labor Relations... information: Title of Proposal: Record of Employee Interview. OMB Control Number, if applicable: 2501-0009... include conducting interviews with laborers and mechanics employed on HUD-assisted projects concerning...

Exploring the role of the nurse manager in supporting point-of-care nurses' adoption of electronic health records: protocol for a qualitative research study.

PubMed

Strudwick, Gillian; Booth, Richard G; Bjarnadottir, Ragnhildur I; Collins, Sarah; Srivastava, Rani

2017-10-12

An increasing number of electronic health record (EHR) systems have been implemented in clinical practice environments where nurses work. Findings from previous studies have found that a number of intended benefits of the technology have not yet been realised to date, partially due to poor system adoption among health professionals such as nurses. Previous studies have suggested that nurse managers can support the effective adoption and use of the technology by nurses. However, no known studies have identified what role nurse managers have in supporting technology adoption, nor the specific strategies that managers can employ to support their staff. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to better understand the role of the nurse manager in point-of-care nurses' use of EHRs, and to identify strategies that may be effective in supporting clinical adoption. This study will use a qualitative descriptive design. Interviews with both nurse managers and point-of-care nursing staff will be conducted in a Canadian mental health and addiction healthcare organisation where an EHR has been implemented. A semistructured interview guide will be used, and interviews will be audio recorded. Transcripts will be analysed using a directed content analysis technique. Strategies to ensure the trustworthiness of the data analysis procedure and findings will be employed. Ethical approval for this study has been obtained. Dissemination strategies may include a paper submission to a peer-reviewed journal, a conference submission and meetings to share findings with the study site leadership team. Findings from this research will be used to inform a future study which aims to assess levels of competencies and perform a psychometric analysis of the Nursing Informatics Competency Assessment for the Nurse Leader instrument in a Canadian context. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

People into Employment: supporting people with disabilities and carers into work.

PubMed

Arksey, Hilary

2003-05-01

Carers and people with disabilities are two disadvantaged groups at risk of social exclusion. Work is an important route to social inclusion, but carers and people with disabilities are under-represented in the work force. The present paper reports key findings from a new study that evaluated People into Employment (PIE), a pilot employment project in the north-east of England designed to support people with disabilities, carers and former carers in gaining mainstream work. The study aimed to identify what clients, partner agencies and employers perceived to be PIE's most important services, its strengths and areas where there was scope for further development. The study collected quantitative and qualitative data at the mid-point and at the end of the project through two questionnaire surveys, and interviews with PIE clients, the project development officer, partner agencies and employers. Drawing on the 'pathway model', the findings show that PIE's interventions included mobilising, matching, mediating and supporting activities. Key ingredients in PIE's success include: tailor-made job-search activities and training; adjusting the pace at which people move towards sustained employment; recognising and responding to the differing needs of people with disabilities, carers and former carers; confidence boosting; accompanying clients to job interviews; good job matching; and ongoing practical and emotional support for both clients and employers. Rudimentary calculations suggest that the cost per job to the project is less than the cost per job for large national projects. Overall, these findings illustrate how access to employment via flexible job-search services geared up to the local labour market can successfully promote social inclusion for carers and people with disabilities.

The Effects of Specifying Job Requirements and Using Explicit Warnings to Decrease Sex Discrimination in Employment Interviews.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siegfried, William D.

1982-01-01

To determine effectiveness of instructions designed to reduce sex discrimination in employment interviews, students were asked to rate resumes for a male and a female applicant under different instructional conditions. Results suggested that: legal warnings may bias ratings in favor of male applicants; and specifying job requirements reduces…

Tips on Finding and Getting a Job...Searching for, Writing a Resume, and Interviewing. ICPAC Information Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana Career and Postsecondary Advancement Center, Bloomington.

This packet documents suggestions for conducting a job search, writing a resume, and interviewing. Suggestions for a job search include the following: knowing one's skills, knowing what one is looking for, and knowing where to look for jobs, including newspaper advertisements, employment centers, employment firms, networking, and blind attempts.…

[Occupational therapy and return to work of the people with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI)].

PubMed

Franceschini, M; Felzani, G; Marini, C; Pagliacci, M C

2010-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the employment condition of persons with TSCI 4 years after discharge from rehabilitation facilities, as well as the factors related to better outcome. In the follow-up we interviewed 403 persons. We recorded the following variables: current employment status, causes of unemployment and their correlation with demographic status, clinical status and other information. In our results 51.4% of the interviewed persons were unemployed, 34.7% had a job and 7.2% were students. Among the unemployed persons 34% had suffered an accident at work, 31% had been unable to find suitable work and 31% were retired. Employment significantly correlated with younger age, single status, being paraplegic, being autonomous in bladder/bowel management, driving a car and a better quality of life. In the multivariate analysis the factors predicting better outcome were younger age, ability to drive and a better quality of life.

Assistance Received by Employed Caregivers and Their Care Recipients: Who Helps Care Recipients when Caregivers Work Full Time?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scharlach, Andrew E.; Gustavson, Kristen; Dal Santo, Teresa S.

2007-01-01

Purpose: This study examined the association among caregiver labor force participation, employees' caregiving activities, and the amount and quality of care received by care recipients. Design and Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted with 478 adults who were employed full time and 705 nonemployed adults who provided care to a family member…

Long Term Follow-Through of Participants in the Vermont Experimental and Demonstration Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cashman, John R.; Mattson, Robert E.

The report describes a Vermont project begun in 1970 and designed to assess the long term value of the Special Work Project (SWP), or Public Service Employment, as a vehicle for providing transitional employment to unemployed members of low income families with children receiving public aid. The study attempted to contact and interview the 609…

The Resume Characteristics Determining Job Interviews for Middle-Aged Women Seeking Entry-Level Employment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Emily; Lahey, Joanna

2011-01-01

Obtaining an entry-level job can be critically important for women with little education, particularly those who have taken time out of the labor force. This article uses archival data from a field experiment, called a resume audit study, to examine the characteristics of entry-level resumes that are important to potential employers. In accordance…

Exploration of Experiences and Perceptions of Three Botswana Basic Education Stakeholders on Employment and Unemployment of Graduates of Basic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tidimane, Christopher

2012-01-01

This study used a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of three groups of stakeholders of the Botswana basic education program related to the employment and unemployment of graduates of basic education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 participants from three groups of stakeholders, graduates of basic…

Perceived Health, Life Satisfaction, and Activity in Urban Elderly: A Controlled Study of the Impact of Part-Time Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soumerai, Stephen B.; Avorn, Jerry

1983-01-01

Assessed whether part-time employment affects the perceived health, life satisfaction, and activity of urban retirees (N=55). Program participants were hired to perform park maintenance. Interviews after the 6-month program revealed significant, positive effects of paid employment on measures of perceived health and life satisfaction. (Author/JAC)

Making difficult decisions: Immigrants' experiences of employment preparation and participation.

PubMed

Huot, Suzanne; Chen, Xiaojie; King, Christiana; Painter-Zykmund, Ellen; Watt, Kaitlin

2016-06-13

Immigrants engage in complex integration processes that are mediated through daily occupations. A central element of socio-economic integration relates to labor market preparation and participation, including job searching, learning cultural values in the workplace, pursuing credential recognition and engaging in volunteering roles and paid employment. To examine how immigrants experienced occupations relating to preparing for, seeking, and gainingemployment. A secondary analysis using whole text analysis and line-by-line coding of twenty verbatim transcripts from interviews held with ten recently arrived immigrants to London, Ontario, Canada. Sessions consisted of a narrative interview, creation of an occupational map and a semi-structured follow-up interview. The participants' employment related occupations were characterized by the overarching theme of 'making difficult decisions'. This main theme was connected to four related sub-themes: 1) mechanisms of exclusion, 2) learning the host country's culture, 3) the influence of one's outlook on the decisions made, and 4) accessing support. This study identifies factors influencing immigrants' experiences of labor market preparation and participation. 'Making difficult decisions' was faced by all participants throughout the process of becoming part of the Canadian workforce and, ultimately, society at large.

Employers' Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence among a Diverse Workforce.

PubMed

Samuel, Laura J; Tudor, Carrie; Weinstein, Marc; Moss, Helen; Glass, Nancy

2011-09-01

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global public health concern, affecting 5.3 million US individuals annually. An estimated 1 in 3 women globally are abused by an intimate partner in their lifetime, and the effects carry over into the workplace. This article examines employers' perceptions of IPV in the workplace, targeting supervisors of Latina employees. Fourteen employers and supervisors of small service-sector companies in Oregon were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interpretive description was used to identify themes. These qualitative interviews preceded and helped to formulate a larger workplace intervention study. THE FOLLOWING THEMES WERE FOUND AND ARE DETAILED: (1) factors associated with recognizing IPV in the workplace, (2) effects of IPV on the work environment and (3) supervisors' responses to IPV-active vs. passive involvement. Also, supervisors' suggestions for addressing IPV in the workplace are summarized. These findings demonstrate the need for more IPV-related resources in the workplace to be available to supervisors as well as survivors and their coworkers. The needs of supervisors and workplaces vary by site, demonstrating the need for tailored interventions, and culturally appropriate workplace interventions are needed for Latinas and other racially and ethnically diverse populations.

Employers' Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence among a Diverse Workforce

PubMed Central

Tudor, Carrie; Weinstein, Marc; Moss, Helen; Glass, Nancy

2011-01-01

Objectives Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global public health concern, affecting 5.3 million US individuals annually. An estimated 1 in 3 women globally are abused by an intimate partner in their lifetime, and the effects carry over into the workplace. This article examines employers' perceptions of IPV in the workplace, targeting supervisors of Latina employees. Methods Fourteen employers and supervisors of small service-sector companies in Oregon were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interpretive description was used to identify themes. These qualitative interviews preceded and helped to formulate a larger workplace intervention study. Results The following themes were found and are detailed: (1) factors associated with recognizing IPV in the workplace, (2) effects of IPV on the work environment and (3) supervisors' responses to IPV-active vs. passive involvement. Also, supervisors' suggestions for addressing IPV in the workplace are summarized. Conclusion These findings demonstrate the need for more IPV-related resources in the workplace to be available to supervisors as well as survivors and their coworkers. The needs of supervisors and workplaces vary by site, demonstrating the need for tailored interventions, and culturally appropriate workplace interventions are needed for Latinas and other racially and ethnically diverse populations. PMID:22953209

The Round-Robin Mock Interview: Maximum Learning in Minimum Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marks, Melanie; O'Connor, Abigail H.

2006-01-01

Interview skills is critical to a job seeker's success in obtaining employment. However, learning interview skills takes time. This article offers an activity for providing students with interview practice while sacrificing only a single classroom period. The authors begin by reviewing relevant literature. Then, they outline the process of…

Social class, race/ethnicity and all-cause mortality in the US: longitudinal results from the 1986-1994 National Health Interview Survey.

PubMed

Muntaner, Carles; Hadden, Wilbur C; Kravets, Nataliya

2004-01-01

Occupational social class has become a leading indicator of social inequalities in health. In the US, economic sectors are distinct with respect to wages, benefits, job security, promotion ladders and working conditions. The growing economic sector of self-employed workers is characterized by lower wages and benefits, and greater job insecurity. Little attention has been given to the association between economic sector measures of social class and all-cause mortality, and there have been no studies of mortality among the self-employed. To determine risk of death associated with economic sector social class, this study entails a longitudinal analysis of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), an annual household survey representative of the US population for the period 1986-1994 (n = 377,129). The sample includes 201,566 men and 175,563 women, aged 24-65 years of age, in the civilian labor force. Non- professionals are at higher risk of death than professionals across all sectors and self-employed professionals are at higher risk of death than professionals employed in government and production. Additional social class differences are accounted for by age, race, gender and marital status. Results are also partially explained by income. After controlling for income, Black professionals did not show a lower risk of death than Black non-professionals and self-employed Hispanic professionals had a higher risk of death than Hispanic professionals employed in the private sector. Given the growth of self-employment in the US, the noted increased risk of death among self-employed professionals merits further investigation and monitoring.

Chinese and American employers' perspectives regarding hiring people with behaviorally driven health conditions: the role of stigma.

PubMed

Corrigan, Patrick W; Tsang, Hector W H; Shi, Kan; Lam, Chow S; Larson, Jon

2010-12-01

Work opportunities for people with behaviorally driven health conditions such as HIV/AIDS, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and psychosis are directly impacted by employer perspectives. To investigate this issue, we report findings from a mixed method design involving qualitative interviews followed by a quantitative survey of employers from Chicago (U.S.), Beijing (China), and Hong Kong (China). Findings from qualitative interviews of 100 employers were used to create 27 items measuring employer perspectives (the Employer Perspective Scale: EPS) about hiring people with health conditions. These perspectives reflect reasons for or against discrimination. In the quantitative phase of the study, representative samples of approximately 300 employers per city were administered the EPS in addition to measures of stigma, including attributions about disease onset and offset. The EPS and stigma scales were completed in the context of one of five randomly assigned health conditions. We weighted data with ratios of key demographics between the sample and the corresponding employer population data. Analyses showed that both onset and offset responsibility varied by behaviorally driven condition. Analyses also showed that employer perspectives were more negative for health conditions that are seen as more behaviorally driven, e.g., drug and alcohol abuse. Chicago employers endorsed onset and offset attributions less strongly compared to those in Hong Kong and Beijing. Chicago employers also recognized more benefits of hiring people with various health conditions. The implications of these findings for better understanding stigma and stigma change among employers are considered. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Assisting the visually impaired to deal with telephone interview jobs using information and commutation technology.

PubMed

Yeh, Fung-Huei; Yang, Chung-Chieh

2014-12-01

This study proposed a new information and commutation technology assisted blind telephone interview (ICT-ABTI) system to help visually impaired people to do telephone interview jobs as normal sighted people and create more diverse employment opportunities for them. The study also used an ABAB design to assess the system with seven visually impaired people. As the results, they can accomplish 3070 effective telephone interviews per month independently. The results also show that working performance of the visually impaired can be improved effectively with appropriate design of operation working flow and accessible software. The visually impaired become productive, lucrative, and self-sufficient by using ICT-ABTI system to do telephone interview jobs. The results were also shared through the APEC Digital Opportunity Center platform to help visually impaired in Philippines, Malaysia and China. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

“They See Us As Machines:” The Experience of Recent Immigrant Women in the Low Wage Informal Labor Sector

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

This study explores the organization of work and occupational health risk as elicited from recently immigrated women (n = 8) who have been in the US for less than three years and employed in informal work sectors such as cleaning and factory work in the greater Boston area in Massachusetts. Additional interviews (n = 8) with Community Key Informants with knowledge of this sector and representatives of temporary employment agencies in the area provides further context to the interviews conducted with recent immigrant women. These results were also compared with our immigrant occupational health survey, a large project that spawned this study. Responses from the study participants suggest health outcomes consistent with being a day-laborer scholarship, new immigrant women are especially at higher risk within these low wage informal work sectors. A difference in health experiences based on ethnicity and occupation was also observed. Low skilled temporary jobs are fashioned around meeting the job performance expectations of the employer; the worker’s needs are hardly addressed, resulting in low work standards, little worker protection and poor health outcomes. The rising prevalence of non-standard employment or informal labor sector requires that policies or labor market legislation be revised to meet the needs presented by these marginalized workers. PMID:26600083

"They See Us As Machines:" The Experience of Recent Immigrant Women in the Low Wage Informal Labor Sector.

PubMed

Panikkar, Bindu; Brugge, Doug; Gute, David M; Hyatt, Raymond R

2015-01-01

This study explores the organization of work and occupational health risk as elicited from recently immigrated women (n = 8) who have been in the US for less than three years and employed in informal work sectors such as cleaning and factory work in the greater Boston area in Massachusetts. Additional interviews (n = 8) with Community Key Informants with knowledge of this sector and representatives of temporary employment agencies in the area provides further context to the interviews conducted with recent immigrant women. These results were also compared with our immigrant occupational health survey, a large project that spawned this study. Responses from the study participants suggest health outcomes consistent with being a day-laborer scholarship, new immigrant women are especially at higher risk within these low wage informal work sectors. A difference in health experiences based on ethnicity and occupation was also observed. Low skilled temporary jobs are fashioned around meeting the job performance expectations of the employer; the worker's needs are hardly addressed, resulting in low work standards, little worker protection and poor health outcomes. The rising prevalence of non-standard employment or informal labor sector requires that policies or labor market legislation be revised to meet the needs presented by these marginalized workers.

User experience of lower-limb orthosis.

PubMed

Yang, Bing-Shiang; Chen, Yen-Wan; Tong, Ji-Rou

2017-06-09

If an assistive device is not acceptable to the user, it will not achieve efficacy and would be resource-wasting. This study employed in-depth interviews to understand what users' individual activities of daily living, problems of using orthoses, and considerations for selecting orthoses are. We conducted qualitative interviews with 35 lower-limb orthosis users, and semi-structured interviews were applied in this study. We analyzed the interview data from transcripts, through coding and concepts, to theories based on grounded theory. The results showed that problems of using orthoses are mostly related to activities of daily living of the user and user's expectation. Therefore, in order to enhance its efficacy and use intention, the design and prescribing process of orthoses need to address the problems in the light of activities of daily living and user education.

Determinants of Quality of Interview and Impact on Risk Estimates in a Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer

PubMed Central

Silverman, Debra T.; Malats, Núria; Tardon, Adonina; Garcia-Closas, Reina; Serra, Consol; Carrato, Alfredo; Fortuny, Joan; Rothman, Nathaniel; Dosemeci, Mustafa; Kogevinas, Manolis

2009-01-01

The authors evaluated potential determinants of the quality of the interview in a case-control study of bladder cancer and assessed the effect of the interview quality on the risk estimates. The analysis included 1,219 incident bladder cancer cases and 1,271 controls recruited in Spain in 1998–2001. Information on etiologic factors for bladder cancer was collected through personal interviews, which were scored as unsatisfactory, questionable, reliable, or high quality by the interviewers. Eight percent of the interviews were unsatisfactory or questionable. Increasing age, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer self-perceived health led to higher proportions of questionable or unreliable interviews. The odds ratio for cigarette smoking, the main risk factor for bladder cancer, was 6.18 (95% confidence interval: 4.56, 8.39) overall, 3.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.13, 9.04) among unsatisfactory or questionable interviews, 6.86 (95% confidence interval: 4.80, 9.82) among reliable interviews, and 7.70 (95% confidence interval: 3.64, 16.30) among high-quality interviews. Similar trends were observed for employment in high-risk occupations, drinking water containing elevated levels of trihalomethanes, and use of analgesics. Higher quality interviews led to stronger associations compared with risk estimation that did not take the quality of interview into account. The collection of quality of interview scores and the exclusion of unreliable interviews probably reduce misclassification of exposure in observational studies. PMID:19478234

Becoming Self-Employed.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Grant; Cochran, Larry

1997-01-01

Explored how persons become self-employed. In critical incident interviews with five self-employed persons the critical events that assisted or hindered progress toward self-employment were listed in chronological order. In general, becoming self-employed involved establishing conditions of action that enhanced a sense of agency, thus enabling…

Job Offers to Individuals With Severe Mental Illness After Participation in Virtual Reality Job Interview Training.

PubMed

Smith, Matthew J; Fleming, Michael F; Wright, Michael A; Jordan, Neil; Humm, Laura Boteler; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D

2015-11-01

Individuals with severe mental illness have low employment rates, and the job interview presents a critical barrier for them to obtain competitive employment. Prior randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicated that virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) improved job interviewing skills among trainees. This study assessed whether VR-JIT participation was associated with greater odds of receiving job offers in the six-months after completion of training. To assess the efficacy of VR-JIT, trainees (N=39) in the method and a comparison group (N=12) completed a brief survey approximately six months after participating in the RCTs. Primary vocational outcome measures included receiving a job offer and number of weeks searching for employment. A larger proportion of trainees than comparison participants received a job offer (51% versus 25%, respectively). Trainees were more likely to receive a job offer than comparison participants (odds ratio=9.64, p=.02) after analyses accounted for cognition, recency of last job, and diagnosis. Trainees had greater odds of receiving a job offer for each completed VR-JIT trial (odds ratio=1.41, p=.04), and a greater number of completed VR-JIT trials predicted fewer weeks of searching for employment (β=-.74, p=.02). Results provide preliminary support that VR-JIT is a promising intervention associated with enhanced vocational outcomes among individuals with severe mental illness. Given that participants had minimal access to standardized vocational services, future research could evaluate the effectiveness of VR-JIT among individuals with and without access to standardized vocational services as well as evaluate strategies to implement VR-JIT within a large community mental health service provider.

The Study on Mental Health at Work: Design and sampling.

PubMed

Rose, Uwe; Schiel, Stefan; Schröder, Helmut; Kleudgen, Martin; Tophoven, Silke; Rauch, Angela; Freude, Gabriele; Müller, Grit

2017-08-01

The Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA) generates the first nationwide representative survey enabling the exploration of the relationship between working conditions, mental health and functioning. This paper describes the study design, sampling procedures and data collection, and presents a summary of the sample characteristics. S-MGA is a representative study of German employees aged 31-60 years subject to social security contributions. The sample was drawn from the employment register based on a two-stage cluster sampling procedure. Firstly, 206 municipalities were randomly selected from a pool of 12,227 municipalities in Germany. Secondly, 13,590 addresses were drawn from the selected municipalities for the purpose of conducting 4500 face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire covers psychosocial working and employment conditions, measures of mental health, work ability and functioning. Data from personal interviews were combined with employment histories from register data. Descriptive statistics of socio-demographic characteristics and logistic regressions analyses were used for comparing population, gross sample and respondents. In total, 4511 face-to-face interviews were conducted. A test for sampling bias revealed that individuals in older cohorts participated more often, while individuals with an unknown educational level, residing in major cities or with a non-German ethnic background were slightly underrepresented. There is no indication of major deviations in characteristics between the basic population and the sample of respondents. Hence, S-MGA provides representative data for research on work and health, designed as a cohort study with plans to rerun the survey 5 years after the first assessment.

Under Pressure: An Exploration of the Module Design Experiences of Academic Staff Employed in One UK University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Binns, Carole

2017-01-01

This paper discusses some of the qualitative data obtained from a small number (23) of semi-structured interviews of academic staff who are involved in module design, and who are employed within one UK university. Analysing the interview transcripts produced eight main themes. One of these themes was the perceived pressures or constraints on…

Planning Self-Managed Work Groups. Features of Self-Managed Work Groups. Results of Using Self-Managed Work Groups. Issues and Implications in Using Self-Managed Work Groups. Status of Ohio Manufacturing Companies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smylie, Patrick E.; Jacobs, Ronald L.

A study was conducted to describe the present status of self-managed work groups in Ohio manufacturing companies. Data for the study were gathered through lengthy interviews and site visits with 45 manufacturing companies in the state, 24 employing 2,000-14,000 workers and 21 employing 300 to 1,900 workers. The results of the study are presented…

Trying to find the quickest way: employed mothers' constructions of time for food.

PubMed

Jabs, Jennifer; Devine, Carol M; Bisogni, Carole A; Farrell, Tracy J; Jastran, Margaret; Wethington, Elaine

2007-01-01

The study sought to develop an understanding of how employed mothers constructed time for food provisioning for themselves and their families. A grounded theory approach and semistructured, in-depth interviews. A metropolitan area of approximately 1 million people in the northeastern United States. Thirty-five low-wage employed mothers were purposively recruited to vary in occupation, race/ethnicity, education, household composition, and age using workplace, community, convenience, and snowball sampling. Low-wage employed mothers' constructions of time for food. Interview transcripts were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Most mothers expressed feelings of time scarcity. Mothers described 3 timestyles that reflected how they constructed time. Timestyles reflected mothers' experiences of strain and time scarcity, usual time management strategies, and sense of control over time. Mothers prioritized feeding their children but wanted to complete meals quickly in order to move on to other tasks. Recognizing issues of time scarcity and individual differences of timestyles and time management strategies can help researchers better understand food choice practices and assist practitioners in identifying practical food provisioning strategies for low-wage employed mothers. Food policies and recommendations should be evaluated for their relevance to the time scarcity and work strain issues that these mothers faced.

``How am I going to work?'' Barriers to employment for immigrant Latinos and Latinas living with HIV in Toronto.

PubMed

Serrano, Angel

2015-06-05

For individuals with HIV positive status, multiple barriers exist to accessing and re-entering employment. Studies on employment for people living with HIV lack a detailed consideration of race and ethnicity. This is the first article that focuses on barriers to employment for the HIV positive Latino community in the Canadian context. To document the barriers that a sample of HIV positive Latinos and Latinas encounter in finding and maintaining employment in Toronto. A non-probability sample of immigrant and refugee Latino men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Toronto participated in in-depth interviews concerning their experiences in the labor market, emphasizing the barriers that they have faced in access to employment. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and later analysed with NVivo 9. Two sets of barriers emerged from the analysis: structural barriers that immigrants encounter in access to employment, such as language difficulties, lack of Canadian work experience and anti-immigrant feelings and barriers to employment for HIV positive individuals, principally HIV related stigma and health related issues. Due to their intersectional identities as immigrants/refugees and HIV positive individuals, participants face compounded barriers to employment: Language difficulties, lack of migrant status and Canadian work experience, anti-immigrant sentiments in the labor market, ageism, HIV related stigma and side effects of medications among other barriers related with an HIV positive condition. Such barriers locate participants in a marginalized position in Canadian society.

Negative Behavior Factors in the Employment Interview: Interviewer Opinions and Observations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vaughn, Jeanette W.; Darsey, Nancy

1987-01-01

Determined types of behavior occurring most often in campus interviews and to which types interviewers react negatively. Lack of confidence, failure to ask key questions, nervous mannerisms, talkativeness, and failure to elaborate on answers were the most common behaviors. Poor attitude and dishonesty were among traits viewed most negatively.(SKC)

42 CFR 85a.6 - Provision of suitable space for employee interviews and examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Provision of suitable space for employee interviews... HEALTH INVESTIGATIONS OF PLACES OF EMPLOYMENT § 85a.6 Provision of suitable space for employee interviews... such space is reasonably available, to NIOSH to conduct private interviews with, and medical...

The Effects of Vocal Activity and Race of Applicant on Job Selection Interview Decisions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrd, Marquita L.

Because interviewing is a face-to-face interaction belonging to the genre of interpersonal relationships, the employment interview is subject to some of the same problems that beset interpersonal relationships. Problems can occur in both interviews and interpersonal relationships because of bias, which originates from background characteristics,…

What Not to Do during a Presidential Interview

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pulliams, Preston

2016-01-01

As a presidential search consultant, Preston Pulliams has had the opportunity to observe and participate in many presidential search interviews and the meetings where hiring decisions are made. He has observed how some interview candidates simply knocked themselves out of contention by employing one or more of five poor interview strategies. In…

Interviewing Youthful Suspects in Alleged Sex Crimes: A Descriptive Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hershkowitz, Irit; Horowitz, Dvora; Lamb, Michael E.; Orbach, Yael; Sternberg, Kathleen J.

2004-01-01

Objective: To introduce and evaluate a structured interview protocol designed for investigative interviews of youthful alleged perpetrators of child sexual abuse. Method: Seventy-two alleged perpetrators ranging from 9 to 14 years of age (M=12 years) were interviewed by 1 of 13 experienced youth investigators, employed by the Israeli Ministry of…

78 FR 48683 - Announcement of Requirements and Registration for Million Hearts® Hypertension Control Challenge

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.... The interview will include questions about the strategies employed by the individual or organization... protocol with the interviewer, respond to the interview questions, and review a summary data about the... participate in an interview to develop a success story that describes the systems and processes that support...

Using Service Learning to Improve Interviewer and Interviewee Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mann, Melissa J.; Yanson, Regina; Lambert, Alysa D.

2018-01-01

Interviews are a critical component of assessing a candidate's fit in an organization. Students aspiring to be managers or human resource professionals will need to complete an interview to successfully gain employment and then, in turn, will be responsible for conducting interviews to effectively ascertain the capabilities and motivation of job…

Interviewing Guidelines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lorenzen, Elizabeth A.; And Others

Directed especially at graduating college seniors, this paper contains information about employment interviews and how to prepare for them. Subjects discussed include the following: preparing for interviews (analyzing strengths and weaknesses, gathering information about the company); points to remember (dress codes, follow up thank-you letters);…

Technical and Vocational Education Stakeholders' Perceptions on Professional Skills Acquired in Private "Brevet De Technicien Supérieur (BTS)" Schools in Togo

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adjrah, Yao

2014-01-01

This study intends to analyze formal and implemented BTS curricula in Lomé (Togo). Data collection was achieved by means of questionnaires and interviews for exploring, in five private BTS schools, the perceptions of students, teachers and pedagogical directors, as well as the views of employed BTS graduates and their employers, regarding the…

"What Do You Want To Be?": Lower-Income Women Face the Job Market. A Report by the Women Employed Institute.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women Employed Inst., Chicago, IL.

A study examined the factors that influence lower-income women's career decision making and planning. The 24 women interviewed included African American, white, and Hispanic American women ages 20-60 years or older. The women were employed in a variety of industries. All were college graduates, and none earned more than $24,000 annually. Most…

Strategies for Balancing Learning and Earning: Student, Teacher and Employer Perspectives in the Context of Curriculum, 2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, Zoe; Hodgson, Ann; Spours, Ken

A study examined the role and significance of part-time (PT) work for 16-19-year-olds in advanced level, full-time education (FT) in South Gloucestershire in the context of the Curriculum 2000 advanced level qualification reforms. Data were from 466 completed student questionnaires, 6 in-depth face-to-face interviews with major local employers of…

Meeting Skills Needs in a Market-Based Training System: A Study of Employer Perceptions and Responses to Training Challenges in the Australian Transport and Logistics Industry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gekara, Victor O.; Snell, Darryn; Chhetri, Prem; Manzoni, Alex

2014-01-01

Many countries are adopting market-based training systems to address industry skills needs. This paper examines the marketisation of Australia's training system and the implications for training provision and outcomes in the Transport and Logistics industry. Drawing on qualitative interviews from industry employers and training providers, we…

The Role of Education, Training and Skills Development in Social Inclusion: The University of the Heads of the Valley Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Paul; Miller, Christopher; Pickernell, David; Packham, Gary

2011-01-01

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to examine the initiation of the University of the Heads of the Valley Initiative (UHOVI) project and evaluate the development of its focus, materials and structure. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology employs interviews with a purposive sample of local employer stakeholders. The rationale for this…

Advice about Work-Related Issues to Peers and Employers from Head and Neck Cancer Survivors

PubMed Central

Dewa, Carolyn S.; Trojanowski, Lucy; Tamminga, Sietske J.; Ringash, Jolie; McQuestion, Maurene; Hoch, Jeffrey S.

2016-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this exploratory and descriptive study is to contribute to the sparse return-to-work literature on head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors. Interview participants were asked to reflect upon their work-related experience with cancer by answering two specific questions: (1) What advice would you give someone who has been newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer? (2) What advice would you give to employers of these people? Methods Data were gathered through 10 individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with HNC clinic patients at a regional cancer center’s head and neck clinic in Ontario, Canada. A constant comparative method of theme development was used. Codes identified in and derived from the data were discussed by research team members until consensus was reached. Codes with similar characteristics were grouped together and used to develop overarching themes. Results Work-related advice for peers focused on personal self-care and interactions within workplaces. Work-related advice to employers focused on demonstrating basic human values as well as the importance of communication. Discussion The study results suggest HNC clinic patients should be proactive with employers and help to set reasonable expectations and provide a realistic plan for work to be successfully completed. HNC clinic patients should develop communication skills to effectively disclose their cancer and treatment to employers. Conclusions In this exploratory study, HNC clinic patients’ advice was solution-focused underscoring the importance of self-care and pro-active communication and planning with employers. Employers were advised to demonstrate core human values throughout all phases of the work disability episode beginning at diagnosis. PMID:27070654

Exploration of Work and Health Disparities among Black Women Employed in Poultry Processing in the Rural South

PubMed Central

Lipscomb, Hester J.; Argue, Robin; McDonald, Mary Anne; Dement, John M.; Epling, Carol A.; James, Tamara; Wing, Steve; Loomis, Dana

2005-01-01

We describe an ongoing collaboration that developed as academic investigators responded to a specific request from community members to document health effects on black women of employment in poultry-processing plants in rural North Carolina. Primary outcomes of interest are upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders and function as well as quality of life. Because of concerns of community women and the history of poor labor relations, we decided to conduct this longitudinal study in a manner that did not require involvement of the employer. To provide more detailed insights into the effects of this type of employment, the epidemiologic analyses are supplemented by ethnographic interviews. The resulting approach requires community collaboration. Community-based staff, as paid members of the research team, manage the local project office, recruit and retain participants, conduct interviews, coordinate physical assessments, and participate in outreach. Other community members assisted in the design of the data collection tools and the recruitment of longitudinal study participants and took part in the ethnographic component of the study. This presentation provides an example of one model through which academic researchers and community members can work together productively under challenging circumstances. Notable accomplishments include the recruitment and retention of a cohort of low-income rural black women, often considered hard to reach in research studies. This community-based project includes a number of elements associated with community-based participatory research. PMID:16330373

Migration among temporary foreign workers: Examining health and access to health care among Filipina live-in caregivers.

PubMed

Carlos, Jessica Krystle; Wilson, Kathi

2018-07-01

In 2015, approximately 14,000 migrants were accepted into Canada as live-in caregivers. While extensive research has documented the working conditions of migrant live-in caregivers, few studies examine the health experiences of this population related to their employment as caregivers. This research examines the relationship between employment under the Federal Government's (Live-in) Caregiver Program and health and access to healthcare services among 21 Filipina caregivers working in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario. Results of in-depth interviews reveal that long work hours are perceived to negatively affect physical health while separation from family negatively impacts mental health. Among the women interviewed, work responsibilities and living-in the place of employment are perceived to negatively impact both physical and mental health. The research also demonstrates that working as a live-in caregiver both facilitates and creates barriers to accessing health services. Future research is needed to better understand the health of more socially isolated caregivers and caregivers living-out(side) their place of employment. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Language barriers and professional identity: A qualitative interview study of newly employed international medical doctors and Norwegian colleagues.

PubMed

Skjeggestad, Erik; Gerwing, Jennifer; Gulbrandsen, Pål

2017-08-01

To explore how language barriers influence communication and collaboration between newly-employed international medical doctors and Norwegian health personnel. Interviews were conducted with 16 doctors who had recently started working in Norway and 12 Norwegian born health personnel who had extensive experience working with international medical doctors. Analyses were consistent with principles of systematic text condensation. All participants experienced that language barriers caused difficulties in their everyday collaboration. Furthermore, the participants' descriptions of "language barriers" encompassed a wide range of topics, including semantics (e.g., specialized professional vocabulary, system knowledge), pragmatics (e.g., using language in doctor-patient and interprofessional interactions), and specific culturally sensitive topics. All participants described that language barriers provoked uncertainty about a doctor's competence. Newly employed international medical doctors and their colleagues are concerned by ineffective communication due to language barriers. Experiences of language barriers threaten professional identity as a competent and effective doctor. Newly employed doctors who are non-native speakers could benefit from support in understanding and handling the array of barriers related to language. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mesothelioma associated with the shipbuilding industry in coastal Virginia.

PubMed

Tagnon, I; Blot, W J; Stroube, R B; Day, N E; Morris, L E; Peace, B B; Fraumeni, J F

1980-11-01

A case-control study was undertaken to clarify reasons for a four-fold increased incidence of mesothelioma discovered among white males in coastal Tidewater, Va., from 1972 to 1978. Sixty-one cases were identified. Interviews with next of kin revealed that the excess was linked to employment in area shipyards. Three-fourths of the cases had been employed in the shipbuilding industry, nearly all beginning employment prior to 1950. Most were career employees, but an increased risk was also found among those who worked only temporarily, mainly during World War II, and were reportedly exposed to asbestos. More of the cases than controls were pipecoverers or pipefitters, but cases were reported to work in a variety of shipyard trades. Few of the mesothelioma cases were heavy smokers, a trend that may be related in part to the competing risks for fatal diseases caused by the interactions of smoking and asbestos exposure. Information obtained by interview for five of the six white females diagnosed with mesothelioma revealed that the husband of four had been employed in the shipbuilding industry.

Reliability of DSM-III diagnoses for major depression and generalized anxiety disorder using the structured clinical interview for DSM-III.

PubMed

Riskind, J H; Beck, A T; Berchick, R J; Brown, G; Steer, R A

1987-09-01

This study examined the interrater reliability of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnoses derived from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID). Using videotaped interviews, paired raters made independent diagnoses of 75 psychiatric outpatients. The percent agreement of the raters was 82% for MDD and 86% for GAD; the respective kappa values were .72 and .79. The results indicated that the SCID can be employed reliably to differentiate MDD from GAD. The SCID is recommended for further research with these disorders.

Foucault, the subject and the research interview: a critique of methods.

PubMed

Fadyl, Joanna K; Nicholls, David A

2013-03-01

Research interviews are a widely used method in qualitative health research and have been adapted to suit a range of methodologies. Just as it is valuable that new approaches are explored, it is also important to continue to examine their appropriate use. In this article, we question the suitability of research interviews for 'history of the present' studies informed by the work of Michel Foucault - a form of qualitative research that is being increasingly employed in the analysis of healthcare systems and processes. We argue that several aspects of research interviewing produce philosophical and methodological complications that can interfere with achieving the aims of the analysis in this type of study. The article comprises an introduction to these tensions and examination of them in relation to key aspects of a Foucauldian philosophical position, and discussion of where this might position researchers when it comes to designing a study. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Group purchasing of workplace health promotion services for small employers.

PubMed

Harris, Jeffrey R; Hammerback, Kristen R; Hannon, Peggy A; McDowell, Julie; Katzman, Avi; Clegg-Thorp, Catherine; Gallagher, John

2014-07-01

Small employers are underserved with workplace health promotion services, so we explored the potential for group purchasing of these services. We conducted semistructured telephone interviews of member organizations serving small employers, as well as workplace health promotion vendors, in Washington State. We interviewed 22 employer organizations (chambers of commerce, trade associations, and an insurance trust) and vendors (of fitness facilities, healthy vending machines, fresh produce delivery, weight management services, and tobacco cessation quitlines). Both cautiously supported the idea of group purchasing but felt that small employers' workplace health promotion demand must increase first. Vendors providing off-site services, for example, quitline, found group purchasing more feasible than vendors providing on-site services, for example, produce delivery. Employer member organizations are well-positioned to group purchase workplace health promotion services; vendors are receptive if there is potential profit.

Vocational bias: a potential pitfall in the use of key informant interviews in pediatric community needs assessments.

PubMed

Northrip, Kimberly; Chen, Candice; Marsh, Jennifer

2008-04-29

Key informants are individuals with insight into a community or a problem of interest. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the employment type of key informants on the outcome of a pediatric needs assessment for an urban community. Twenty-one interviews were conducted during the course of a pediatric community needs assessment. As part of the interview, informants were asked to list the top three problems facing children in their community. We analyzed their answers to determine if informant responses differed by employment type. Key informants were divided into four employment types: health care setting, social service, business, and infrastructure. Responses were coded as being primarily one of three types: medical, social, or resource. Our results showed that those informants who worked in a health care setting listed medical problems more often than those who did not (p < 0.04). Those who worked in social services listed resource problems more often than those who did not (p < 0.05). Those in business and infrastructure positions listed more social problems (p < 0.37). No difference was observed in response type between those who had lived in the community at some point and those who had not. This study lends support to the hypothesis that informants' reporting of community problems is biased by their vocation. Clinicians often focus their needs assessments on health care workers. This study suggests, however, that we need to take into consideration the bias this presents and to seek to interview people with diverse work experiences. By limiting the process to health care workers, clinicians are likely to get a skewed perspective of a community's needs and wants.

How to locate & hire clinical/biomedical engineers, supervisors, managers & biomedical equipment technicians.

PubMed

Pacela, A F; Brush, L C

1993-01-01

This article has described the process and the resources available for locating and hiring clinical/biomedical engineers, supervisors, managers, and biomedical equipment technicians. First, the employer must determine the qualifications for the position, including job titles, descriptions, pay scales, and certification requirements. Next, the employer must find qualified applicants. The most common way to do this is to use "outside" contacts, such as help-wanted advertising, specialized job placement agencies, schools and colleges, military resources, regional biomedical societies, and nationwide societies. An "inside" search involves limited internal advertising of the position and using personal referrals for candidates. Finally, the employer must screen the applicants. The position description is the obvious first step in this process, but there are other pre-screening techniques, such as employment testing. Interviewing is the most common way to hire for job positions, but the interviewer needs to know about the position and ask the right questions. Post-interview screening is a final step to help determine the best job-person match.

Implementing E-Learning Designed Courses in General Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nuangchalerm, Prasart; Sakkumduang, Krissada; Uhwha, Suleepornn; Chansirisira, Pacharawit

2014-01-01

The aim of this study is to implement e-learning designed course for general education. The study employed 3 phases for developing e-learning course: contextual study, designing, and implementing. Two courses general education, 217 undergraduate students are participated the study. Research tool consisted of interview about e-learning form and…

Vocational Outreach Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benne, Larry L.

A manpower study was conducted by Indian Hills Community College (IHCC) to gather local labor market information, determine training needs, and assess the effectiveness of IHCC's vocational programs. IHCC instructors from 20 vocational programs visited and conducted interviews with 347 private and public sector employers. Study findings included…

Understanding Drivers of Employment Changes in a Multiple Sclerosis Population

PubMed Central

Boscoe, Audra N.; Currie, Brooke M.; Landrian, Amanda S.; Wandstrat, Todd L.

2015-01-01

Background: Qualitative data are lacking on decision making and factors surrounding changes in employment for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to increase our understanding of the key symptoms and factors leading patients with MS to leave work or reduce employment. Methods: Adults with MS who reported leaving the workforce, reducing work hours, or changing jobs due to MS in the past 6 months were recruited from four US clinical sites. Patients participated in semistructured interviews to discuss MS symptoms and reasons for changing employment status. All interviews were transcribed and coded for descriptive analyses. Results: Twenty-seven adults (mean age = 46.3 years, mean duration of MS diagnosis = 10.9 years) with a range of occupations participated; most were white (81.5%) and female (70.4%). Physical symptoms (eg, fatigue, visual deficits) (77.8%) were the most common reasons for employment change; 40.7% of patients reported at least one cognitive symptom (eg, memory loss). Fatigue emerged as the most pervasive symptom and affected physical and mental aspects of patients' jobs. Most patients (85.2%) reported at least two symptoms as drivers for change. Some patients reported a significant negative impact of loss of employment on their mental status, family life, and financial stability. Conclusions: Fatigue was the most common symptom associated with the decision to leave work or reduce employment and can lead to a worsening of other MS symptoms. Comprehensive symptom management, especially fatigue management, may help patients preserve their employment status. PMID:26472946

Experiences of employment among young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Hanson, Helen; Hart, Ruth I; Thompson, Ben; McDonagh, Janet E; Tattersall, Rachel; Jordan, Alison; Foster, Helen E

2018-08-01

This study explored expectations and experiences of employment among young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the role of health professionals in promoting positive employment outcomes. Semistructured interviews (n = 13) and three focus groups (n = 9, n = 4, n = 3) were conducted with young people (16-25 y) and adults (26-31 y) with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and semistructured interviews (n = 9) were conducted with health professionals. Transcripts were analyzed thematically. Young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis have concerns about employers' attitudes toward employees with long-term health conditions and lack knowledge of antidiscrimination legislation. Young people not in education, employment or training identify arthritis as a key barrier. Challenges associated with arthritis (e.g., pain, psychological distress) may not be visible to employers. Decisions about disclosing arthritis are challenging and cause anxiety. Young people associate good disease management and access to flexible and convenient care with their capacity to succeed in employment. Psychosocial and vocational interventions have benefited some young people but are not routinely available. Low expectations of employers may affect young people's decisions about disclosure and seeking appropriate support in the work place. Health professionals can equip young people with knowledge and skills to negotiate appropriate support, through signposting to antidiscrimination information and offering practice of transferable skills such as disclosure in consultations. Implications for rehabilitation Young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis encounter challenges with regard to employment; many lack the knowledge and skills to negotiate appropriate support from employers. Rehabilitation professionals could play a more substantial role in equipping them with relevant knowledge and skills by signposting to antidiscrimination information and nurturing transferable skills, such as disclosure, in consultations. Potentially helpful interventions, such as group activities or assessment by a psychologist, have benefited some but need more evaluative scrutiny with respect to employment outcomes.

The impact of failing to identify suspect effort in patients undergoing adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessment.

PubMed

Marshall, Paul S; Hoelzle, James B; Heyerdahl, Danielle; Nelson, Nathaniel W

2016-10-01

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 28(10) of Psychological Assessment (see record 2016-22725-001). In the article, the penultimate sentence of the abstract should read “These results suggest that a significant percentage of those making a suspect effort will be diagnosed with ADHD using the most commonly employed assessment methods: an interview alone (71%); an interview and ADHD behavior rating scales combined (65%); and an interview, behavior rating scales, and most continuous performance tests combined (62%).” All versions of this article have been corrected.] This retrospective study examines how many adult patients would plausibly receive a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) if performance and symptom validity measures were not administered during neuropsychological evaluations. Five hundred fifty-four patients were extracted from an archival clinical dataset. A total of 102 were diagnosed with ADHD based on cognitive testing, behavior rating scales, effort testing, and clinical interview; 115 were identified as putting forth suspect effort in accordance with the Slick, Sherman, and Iverson (1999) criteria. From a clinical decision-making perspective, suspect effort and ADHD groups were nearly indistinguishable on ADHD behavior, executive function, and functional impairment rating scales, as well as on cognitive testing and key clinical interview questions. These results suggest that a significant percentage of those making a suspect effort will be diagnosed with ADHD using the most commonly employed assessment methods: an interview alone (71%); an interview and ADHD behavior rating scales combined (65%); and an interview, behavior rating scales, and most continuous performance tests combined (62%) [corrected]. This research makes clear that it is essential to evaluate task engagement and possible symptom amplification during clinical evaluations. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved

Student Workers in High School and Beyond: The Effects of Part-Time Employment on Participation in Education, Training and Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vickers, Margaret; Lamb, Stephen; Hinkley, John

Data on the Y95 cohort (first interviewed in 1995 when in Year 9) of the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth were analyzed to identify the effects of student employment on participation and attrition in secondary school and tertiary study and on young people's activities after secondary school. Working between 1 and 5 hours during Year 9 of…

The Lodging Industry's Image; How the Adults and Teenagers View Hotels and Motels as Employers and Overall.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Opinion Research Corp., Princeton, NJ.

The objective of this study was to obtain an overall evaluation of hotels and motels with specific emphasis on the industry's image as an employer among the general public. Findings are based on a personal interview research survey conducted among 994 men and women 18 years of age and over, and among 622 teenagers living in private households in…

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities

PubMed Central

Smith, Matthew J.; Ginger, Emily J.; Wright, Michael; Wright, Katherine; Humm, Laura Boteler; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D.; Fleming, Michael F.

2014-01-01

Services are available to help support existing employment for individual with psychiatric disabilities; however, there is a gap in services targeting job interview skills that can help obtain employment. We assessed the feasibility and efficacy of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) in a randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized to VR-JIT (n=25) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n=12) groups. VR-JIT consisted of 10 hours of simulated job interviews with a virtual character and didactic online training. Participants attended 95% of lab-based training sessions and found VR-JIT easy-to-use and felt prepared for future interviews. The VR-JIT group improved their job interview role-play performance (p<0.05) and self-confidence (p<0.05) between baseline and follow-up as compared to the TAU group. VR-JIT performance scores increased over time (R-Squared=0.65). VR-JIT demonstrated initial feasibility and efficacy at improving job interview skills and self-confidence. Future research may help clarify whether this intervention is efficacious in community-based settings. PMID:25099298

Virtual reality job interview training for individuals with psychiatric disabilities.

PubMed

Smith, Matthew J; Ginger, Emily J; Wright, Michael; Wright, Katherine; Boteler Humm, Laura; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D; Fleming, Michael F

2014-09-01

Services are available to help support existing employment for individuals with psychiatric disabilities; however, there is a gap in services targeting job interview skills that can help obtain employment. We assessed the feasibility and efficacy of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) in a randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized to VR-JIT (n = 25) or treatment-as-usual (TAU) (n = 12) groups. VR-JIT consisted of 10 hours of simulated job interviews with a virtual character and didactic online training. The participants attended 95% of laboratory-based training sessions and found VR-JIT easy to use and felt prepared for future interviews. The VR-JIT group improved their job interview role-play performance (p ≤ 0.05) and self-confidence (p ≤ 0.05) between baseline and follow-up as compared with the TAU group. VR-JIT performance scores increased over time (R = 0.65). VR-JIT demonstrated initial feasibility and efficacy at improving job interview skills and self-confidence. Future research may help clarify whether this intervention is efficacious in community-based settings.

Razalas' Grouping Method and Mathematics Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salazar, Douglas A.

2015-01-01

This study aimed to raise the achievement level of students in Integral Calculus using Direct Instruction with Razalas' Method of Grouping. The study employed qualitative and quantitative analysis relative to data generated by the Achievement Test and Math journal with follow-up interview. Within the framework of the limitations of the study, the…

An Investigation of Factors Associated with Student Participation in Study Abroad

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doyle, Stephanie; Gendall, Philip; Meyer, Luanna H.; Hoek, Janet; Tait, Carolyn; McKenzie, Lynanne; Loorparg, Avatar

2010-01-01

International student exchange programs are widely promoted in higher education as a means of developing desirable intercultural skills and understanding among students. This multimethod study employed data from student surveys, tertiary institution case studies, and interviews with key stakeholders to identify factors that inhibited or promoted…

The Campaign: A Case Study in Identity Construction through Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riddle, Matthew D.

2009-01-01

This article undertakes a detailed case study of "The Campaign", a teaching and learning innovation in media and communications that uses an online educational role-play. The case study draws on the qualitative analysis of classroom observations, online communications and semi-structured interviews, employing an interpretive approach…

A Vision of Improvement of Learning: South African Teachers' Conceptions of Classroom Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sethusha, Mantsose Jane

2013-01-01

This article explored conceptions that teachers hold about classroom assessment and how these conceptions influence their classroom assessment practices. The qualitative study employed a case study approach. Semi-structured interviews, observations and document analyses were used. The study utilized Brown's (2004) conceptual framework on…

The Transition to Stable Employment: The Experience of U.S. Youth in Their Early Labor Market Career.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klerman, Jacob A.; Karoly, Lynn A.

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were analyzed to identify patterns in the early labor market and employment experience of a sample of 12,781 U.S. youths who were first interviewed in 1979 (at ages 14 through 21) and last interviewed in 1990 (at ages 25 through 32 years). School-to-work transition patterns were classified by…

Choosing Employment: Factors that Impact Employment Decisions for Individuals with Intellectual Disability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Timmons, Jaimie Ciulla; Hall, Allison Cohen; Bose, Jennifer; Wolfe, Ashley; Winsor, Jean

2011-01-01

Little is known about the factors that shape the employment-related decisions of individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities. Findings from qualitative interviews with individuals, their family members, and employment-support professionals from four community rehabilitation providers throughout Massachusetts were reported.…

Emotional Language Used by Victims of Alleged Sexual Abuse During Forensic Investigation.

PubMed

Katz, Carmit; Paddon, Misha Janet; Barnetz, Zion

2016-04-01

Addressing the characteristics of children as witnesses has been a focus of many researchers; however, the emotion derived from children during investigative interviews is an understudied field that is vital for practitioners from various contexts. The current study explores the emotional language that children use during forensic investigations following suspected sexual abuse. The sample comprises 97 investigative interviews with children (N = 97) aged 3-14 years. These interviews were randomly selected from all forensic interviews carried out in Israel in 2011. All of the interviews were conducted in conformity with the National Institute of Child Health and Development Protocol, and the emotional language of the children was coded. The results reveal a limited overall presence of emotional language. Children hardly used positive emotional language and mainly employed negative emotional language. The interview phase and the age of the children greatly affected the use of emotional language, and gender and suspect familiarity had no effect on the children's emotional language. The findings from the current study enhance existing knowledge on the emotional language of children during forensic investigations and highlight the study's unique characteristics in the context of abuse, trauma, and forensic investigation. The results of this study demonstrate the need for including probes about emotions in investigative interviews and the addition of emotional language to coding schemes for investigative interviews.

Gender In Interviewing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrd, Marquita L.; Robinson, Andrea

The interview is a special case of interpersonal communication. It is a communication event with a serious and predetermined purpose with the basic mode of communication being the asking and answering of questions. People are engaged in interviews throughout their lives from the employment setting to the counseling setting. This annotated…

Changing dynamics in employer-sponsored health insurance. One market's perspective.

PubMed

Draper, D A; Thompson, J M; Hurley, R E

1999-01-01

Using their sponsored health benefits as a mechanism for change, employers have been able to exert significant influence over the nation's health care system. By examining how employers design, purchase and manage these programs, much insight can be gained. Twenty-five mid- to large-sized companies in a Middle-Atlantic metropolitan area were interviewed during May-July 1998. The study was modeled after a similar effort conducted in 1991, the results of which were published in this journal in 1993. The study found that many of the dynamics in employer-sponsored health insurance are changing. The findings suggest that a more distanced relationship between employers and employees is the major factor underlying the evolution, an intentional change to force a shift in medical care decision-making and responsibility to more of a shared process between the employee and the employer. These trends have important implications for local markets relevance and the national situation.

Youth Attitude Tracking Study; Fall 1979.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

II - KEY RESULTS BY TRACKING AREA 41 2.1 Positive Propensity by Tracking Area 43 2.2 Academic Achievement and Derived Quality Index 55 2.3 Recalled...Fall 1979 wave, a total of 5,187 interviews were completed. 40) Page 3 The survey employed telephone interviewing. Respondents were selected on the...area and allows computation of total U.S. estimates. The 26 tracking areas are as follows: New York City •Albany/Buf falo H larr isburg Washington

24 CFR 6.5 - Discrimination prohibited-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

.... Terms and conditions of employment include advertising, interviewing, selection, promotion, demotion, transfer, recruitment and advertising, layoff or termination, pay or other compensation, including benefits...

Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers

PubMed Central

Antes, Alison L.; Mart, Adelina; DuBois, James M.

2016-01-01

Principal investigators are responsible for a myriad of leadership and management activities in their work. The practices they employ to navigate these responsibilities ultimately influence the quality and integrity of research. However, leadership and management roles in research have received scant empirical examination. Semi-structured interviews with 32 National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded genetic researchers revealed that they considered leadership and management essential for effective research, but their scientific training inadequately prepared them. We also report management practices that the researchers described employing in their labs, as well as their perceptions of a proposed intervention to enhance laboratory leadership. These findings suggest best practices for the research community, future directions for scientific training, and implications for research on leadership and management in science. PMID:27646401

Health assessment of self-employed in the food service industry.

PubMed

Grégoris, Marina; Deschamps, Frédéric; Salles, Julie; Sanchez, Stéphane

2017-07-01

Objectives This study's objective was to assess the morbidity of self-employed workers in the food service industry, an industry with a large amount of occupational health risks. Methods A cross-sectional study, consisting of 437 participants, was conducted between 2011 and 2013 in Champagne-Ardenne, France. The health questionnaire included an interview, a clinical examination, and medical investigations. Results The study population consisted of 146 self-employed workers (not working for an employer) and 291 employees (working with employment contracts for an employer). Logistic regression analysis revealed that self-employed workers had a higher morbidity than employees, after adjusting for age (OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.28 to 9.25). Main adverse health conditions were joint pain (71.2% self-employed vs. 38.1% employees, p < 0.001), ear disorders (54.1% self-employed vs. 33.7%, employees, p < 0.001), and cardiovascular diseases (47.3% self-employed vs. 21% employees, p < 0.001). Conclusions The study highlights the need for occupational health services for self-employed workers in France so that they may benefit from prevention of occupational risks and health surveillance. Results were presented to the self-employed healthcare insurance fund in order to establish an occupational health risks prevention system.

How and Why of User Studies: RLG's RedLightGreen as a Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Proffitt, Merrilee

2006-01-01

This article documents a lifecycle approach to employing user-centered design, covering both qualitative and quantitative data gathering methods in support of using this approach for product design, usability testing, and market research. The author provides specific case studies of usability studies, focus groups, interviews, ethnographic…

Study Abroad: A Competitive Edge for Women?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Opper, Susan

1991-01-01

Studies effects of study abroad among 172 female and 217 male graduates in the United Kingdom, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany between 1980 and 1984. Finds study abroad expedites obtaining job interviews but was of little advantage in securing employment for either sex. Finds degree credential provides a competitive edge. (NL)

Surgeons' motivation for choice of workplace.

PubMed

Kähler, Lena; Kristiansen, Maria; Rudkjøbing, Andreas; Strandberg-Larsen, Martin

2012-09-01

To ensure qualified health care professionals at public hospitals in the future, it is important to understand which factors attract health care professionals to certain positions. The aim of this study was to explore motives for choosing employment at either public or private hospitals in a group of Danish surgeons, as well as to examine if organizational characteristics had an effect on motivation. Eight qualitative interviews were conducted with surgeons from both public and private hospitals sampled using the snowball method. The interviews were based on a semi-structured interview guide and analyzed by means of phenomenological theory. Motivational factors such as personal influence on the job, the opportunity to provide the best possible patient care, challenging work tasks colleagues, and ideological reasons were emphasized by the surgeons as important reasons for their choice of employment. Motivational factors appeared to be strongly connected to the structure of the organization; especially the size of the organization was perceived to be essential. It is worth noting that salary, in contrast to the general belief, was considered a secondary benefit rather than a primary motivational factor for employment. The study revealed that motivational factors are multidimensional and rooted in organizational structure; i.e. organizational size rather than whether the organization is public or private is crucial. There is a need for further research on the topic, but it seems clear that future health care planning may benefit from taking into account the implications that large organizational structures have for the staff working within these organizations. not relevant. not relevant.

'Negotiating the tensions of having to attach and detach concurrently': a qualitative study on combining breastfeeding and employment in public education and health sectors in New Delhi, India.

PubMed

Omer-Salim, Amal; Suri, Shoba; Dadhich, Jai Prakash; Faridi, Mohammad Moonis Akbar; Olsson, Pia

2015-04-01

the aim of this study was to explore the factors involved in combining breastfeeding and employment in the context of six months of maternity leave in India. qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. Health and Education sectors in New Delhi, India. 20 first-time mothers with one 8-12 month-old infant and who had returned to work after six months׳ maternity leave. the interviews followed a pre-tested guide with a vignette, one key question and six thematic areas; intentions, strategies, barriers, facilitators, actual experiences and appraisal of combining breastfeeding and employment. Probing covered pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, maternity leave, the transition and return to work. This study revealed a model of how employed women negotiate the tensions of concurrently having to attach and detach from their infant, work, and family. Women managed competing interests to ensure trusted care and nutrition at home; facing workplace conditions; and meeting roles and responsibilities in the family. In order to navigate these tensions, they used various satisficing actions of both an anticipatory and troubleshooting nature. in spite of a relatively generous maternity leave of six months available to these women, several individual, familial and workplace factors interacted to both hinder and facilitate the process of combining breastfeeding and employment. Tension, negotiation and compromise are inherent to the process. antenatal and postnatal interventions providing information and support for working mothers need to address factors at the individual, family and workplace levels in addition to the provision of paid maternity leave to enable the successful combination of breastfeeding and employment. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

School Choice in Philadelphia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keefe, Connie; Scher, Lauren; Sparks, Andrew; Weinbaum, Elliot

Throughout the country, a wide range of educational options exist, from neighborhood public schools to cyber-schools. This study focuses on school choice in improving the educational experience in one city, Philadelphia. The study employed interviews with policymakers, teachers, and others; a focus group of middle-school students; a collection of…

Student-Created Digital Media and Engagement in Middle School History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alexander, Curby

2014-01-01

In this study, student engagement during classroom activities was investigated where sixth graders created digital media projects using historical images. The study employed a qualitative design involving observations, student artifacts, and interviews while students were creating digital storyboards using a Web-based application developed for…

A Tale of Two Settings: The Lab and the Classroom

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-08-08

employed in this study were intensive and extensive classroom observation and repeated extended interviews with students and teachers. Classroom observers...instruction were observed during both years of the study, resulting in a very large data base gathered during almost 500 hours of classroom observation . With

Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on Selection Decisions in Employment Interviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Podsakoff, Nathan P.; Whiting, Steven W.; Podsakoff, Philip M.; Mishra, Paresh

2011-01-01

This article reports on an experiment examining the effects of job candidates' propensity to exhibit organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) on selection decisions made in the context of a job interview. We developed videos that manipulated candidate responses to interview questions tapping task performance and citizenship behavior content in…

Interviewing under the ADA--What Librarians Should Know.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, Barbara A.; Beadles, Robert J., Jr.

1995-01-01

Librarians responsible for interviewing prospective employees need to be aware of guidelines in the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 which prohibit certain recruiting practices. This article gives examples of questions employers should and should not ask, reviews pre- and postemployee interview steps, and offers tips and background…

Literacy and Informational Interviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Decarie, Christina

2010-01-01

Informational interviews are valuable tools for improving writing, editing, and interviewing skills, and they are also extremely valuable in improving the soft skills that are valued by employers, such as confidence, adaptability, the ability to set and keep deadlines, the ability to manage risk, and so on. These soft skills, this article argues,…

An Investigation of the Nontechnical Skills Required to Maximize the Safety and Productivity of U.S. Navy Divers

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-04-01

experience. The critical incident interview uses recollection of a specific incident as its starting point and employs a semistructured interview format...context assessment, expectancies, and judgments. The four sweeps in the critical incident interview include: Sweep 1 - Prompting the interviewee to

32 CFR 154.8 - Types and scope of personnel security investigations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... interview, NAC, LACs, credit checks, developed character references (3), employment records checks... interview. While the kind of coverage provided for by the SBI determines eligibility for access to SCI, DoD... requiring resolution in the case concerned and generally consist of record checks and/or interviews with...

32 CFR 154.8 - Types and scope of personnel security investigations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... interview, NAC, LACs, credit checks, developed character references (3), employment records checks... interview. While the kind of coverage provided for by the SBI determines eligibility for access to SCI, DoD... requiring resolution in the case concerned and generally consist of record checks and/or interviews with...

Work resumption at the price of distrust: a qualitative study on return to work legislation in the Netherlands

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Return to work (RTW) after sick leave is considered necessary to support the employees’ health. Cooperation between employees and employers may encourage employees’ RTW, but is hampered by bottlenecks that we do not completely understand. Dutch legislation means to support this cooperation and allows trying RTW during two years. The Resource Dependence Institutional Cooperation (RDIC) model has been developed for studying cooperation in public health. Study aims were to get insight into the degree of cooperation between Dutch sick-listed employees and employers, how this (lack of) cooperation can be understood, and how valid the RDIC model is for understanding this (lack of) cooperation. Methods This qualitative study was based on in-depth interviews with 8 employees and 8 employers. Employees reported sick for 1.5-20 months for various reasons. Interviews were analysed using an interpretative approach and pattern matching. Results Cooperation was lacking early during sick leave. Later on there were regular meetings, but employers decided about RTW without consulting the employees. Particularly employers were motivated to cooperate during the first year, while employees were especially motivated during the second. This could be understood by experienced dependence; employees (first year) and employers (second year) did not consider cooperation to be important for achieving medical recovery (employees) or RTW (employers). These divergent goals may be understood by personal norms about the timing of medical recovery and RTW. Legislation was particularly effective regarding employer behaviour in year 1 and employee behaviour in year 2. Employees distrusted their employers during the first year, while employers reported to distrust the employees during the second year. Besides, employees and employers experienced a moderate ability to cooperate. This could be understood particularly by having moderate knowledge about legislation. The RDIC model appeared to be valid to understand the cases studied, but the additional factor distrust also played a role. Conclusions Legislation appeared to support cooperation, but awareness of a mutual dependence, trust, knowledge about the legislation and personal norms regarding recovery and RTW are also important. Professionals such as occupational physicians should support this to attain a degree of cooperation that is necessary for effective RTW. PMID:23421974

Transition and Adaptation to the Continuing Care Retirement Community From a Life Course Perspective: Something Old, Something New, and Something Borrowed.

PubMed

Ayalon, Liat

2018-03-01

The study examined the accounts of older adults and their adult children concerning the transition to the continuing care retirement community (CCRC) and the adjustment to it, using a life course perspective. Up to three waves of interviews, consisting of a total of 187 interviews with older adults and their adult children, were conducted between 6 months and 6 years from the transition to the CCRC. Thematic analysis was employed using comparisons across groups of interviewees (older adults and adult children) and waves of interviews (up to three waves) to identify core categories of meaning. Time perception was an organizing principle across interviews. Both older adults and their adult children perceived themselves as moving forward and backward in time following the transition to the CCRC and future expectations for deterioration. The study emphasizes the linked-lives of older adults and their adult children.

Double Bind: Primary Caregivers of Children with Special Health Care Needs and Their Access to Leave Benefits

PubMed Central

Chung, Paul J.; Garfield, Craig F.; Elliott, Marc N.; Vestal, Katherine D.; Klein, David J.; Schuster, Mark A.

2013-01-01

Objective Family leave benefits are a critical tool allowing parents to miss work to care for their ill children. We examined whether access to benefits varies by level of childcare responsibilities among employed parents of children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Methods We conducted telephone interviews with three successive cohorts of employed parents of CSHCN, randomly sampled from a California children’s hospital. At Wave 1 (November 2003 to January 2004) we conducted 372 parent interviews. At Wave 2 (November 2005 to January 2006) we conducted 396 parent interviews. At Wave 3 (November 2007 to December 2008) we conducted 393 parent interviews. We pooled these samples for bivariate and multivariate regression analyses, using wave indicators and sample weights. Results Parents with more childcare responsibilities (primary caregivers) reported less access to sick leave/vacation (65% vs. 82%, P<.001), access to paid leave outside of sick leave/vacation (41% vs. 51%, P<.05), and FMLA eligibility (2890025; vs. 44%, P<.001) than secondary caregivers. Part-time employment and female gender largely explained two of the three associations between more childcare responsibilities and less access to leave benefits. Even in the context of part-time employment, however, primary caregivers were just as likely as secondary caregivers both to miss work due to their child’s illness and to report being unable to miss work when they needed to. Conclusions Due in part to employment and gender differences, leave benefits among parents of CSHCN are skewed away from primary caregivers and toward secondary caregivers. Thus, primary caregivers may face particularly difficult choices between employment and childcare responsibilities. Reducing this disparity in access to benefits may improve health for CSHCN and their families. PMID:23477748

5 CFR 572.101 - Agency authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... EXPENSES; NEW APPOINTEES AND INTERVIEWS § 572.101 Agency authority. (a) An agency may determine which...-employment interview travel expenses. Payment of these travel expenses will be in accordance with the FTR...

Pragmatic, consensus-based minimum standards and structured interview to guide the selection and development of cancer support group leaders: a protocol paper.

PubMed

Pomery, Amanda; Schofield, Penelope; Xhilaga, Miranda; Gough, Karla

2017-06-30

Across the globe, peer support groups have emerged as a community-led approach to accessing support and connecting with others with cancer experiences. Little is known about qualities required to lead a peer support group or how to determine suitability for the role. Organisations providing assistance to cancer support groups and their leaders are currently operating independently, without a standard national framework or published guidelines. This protocol describes the methods that will be used to generate pragmatic consensus-based minimum standards and an accessible structured interview with user manual to guide the selection and development of cancer support group leaders. We will: (A) identify and collate peer-reviewed literature that describes qualities of support group leaders through a systematic review; (B) content analyse eligible documents for information relevant to requisite knowledge, skills and attributes of group leaders generally and specifically to cancer support groups; (C) use an online reactive Delphi method with an interdisciplinary panel of experts to produce a clear, suitable, relevant and appropriate structured interview comprising a set of agreed questions with behaviourally anchored rating scales; (D) produce a user manual to facilitate standard delivery of the structured interview; (E) pilot the structured interview to improve clinical utility; and (F) field test the structured interview to develop a rational scoring model and provide a summary of existing group leader qualities. The study is approved by the Department Human Ethics Advisory Group of The University of Melbourne. The study is based on voluntary participation and informed written consent, with participants able to withdraw at any time. The results will be disseminated at research conferences and peer review journals. Presentations and free access to the developed structured interview and user manual will be available to cancer agencies. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

An Assessment of Employment Opportunities for High School Graduates in Downtown Manhattan. A Study to Aid the Planning of a New Commercial High School, Including Assessment of Certain Community Resources Likely to be Available to the School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnes, Donald E.; And Others

Characteristics of the entry-level job market in lower Manhattan, or "Downtown," for new high school graduates were assessed. Questionnaire-guided interviews with representatives of principal industries and occupations were conducted within five major employment groups: banking, insurance, securities, communications and transportation,…

Interprofessional collaboration in family health teams

PubMed Central

Goldman, Joanne; Meuser, Jamie; Rogers, Jess; Lawrie, Lynne; Reeves, Scott

2010-01-01

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To examine family health team (FHT) members’ perspectives and experiences of interprofessional collaboration and perceived benefits. DESIGN Qualitative case study using semistructured interviews. SETTING Fourteen FHTs in urban and rural Ontario. PARTICIPANTS Purposeful sample of the members of 14 FHTs, including family physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, dietitians, social workers, pharmacists, and managers. METHODS A multiple case-study approach involving 14 FHTs was employed. Thirty-two semistructured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed by employing an inductive thematic approach. A member-checking technique was also undertaken to enhance the validity of the findings. MAIN FINDINGS Five main themes are reported: rethinking traditional roles and scopes of practice, management and leadership, time and space, interprofessional initiatives, and early perceptions of collaborative care. CONCLUSION This study shows the importance of issues such as roles and scopes of practice, leadership, and space to effective team-based primary care, and provides a framework for understanding different types of interprofessional interventions used to support interprofessional collaboration. PMID:20944025

["General Practice is a great job anyway" - a qualitative study with vocational trainees].

PubMed

Steinhäuser, Jost; Paulus, Jan; Roos, Marco; Peters-Klimm, Frank; Ledig, Thomas; Szecsenyi, Joachim; Joos, Stefanie

2011-01-01

Due to the increasing lack of physicians, an ageing and thus multi-morbid society and a misdistribution of physicians in Germany primary care provided by general practitioners is at risk. Therefore, approaches to recruit more physicians for general practice are being sought. The aim of the present study was to explore individual motivations for choosing a career in general practice, vocational trainees' perspectives on the current situation of vocational training and to identify possible approaches to improve the situation with suggestions from vocational trainees in Germany. A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing 13 trainees. The interviews that were based on a predefined interview guideline were recorded and transcribed. The analysis was performed according to Mayring supported by the software Atlas.ti. In general, the reasons given for choosing general practice include the holistic view towards patients, the opportunity to see the direct impact of therapies and self-employment. Furthermore, general practice was perceived as a job with a positive work-life balance. Barriers to vocational training are the lack of structure of individual rotations and the low salaries during the rotation in practice. Furthermore, the basic conditions for working as a self-employed general practitioner in Germany were described as being a disincentive. A general suggestion for improvement was to promote professional recognition of general practice at universities. A qualification of vocational trainers was requested. Specific suggestions were: better payment, better-structured rotations and a specific preparation for the self-employed general practitioner. The results of this study reveal that a single measure is insufficient for recruiting more young doctors for general practice. In fact, a package of measures is necessary to improve aspects of the vocational training but also general conditions for the profession. Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

The influence student placement experience can have on the employment choices of graduates: A paediatric nursing context.

PubMed

Boyd-Turner, Danni; Bell, Elaine; Russell, Alison

2016-01-01

This paper explores how the student placement experience may influence employment choices in the context of paediatric nursing. A qualitative research methodology was used. Data was collected using semi structured interviews at a tertiary teaching hospital. The sample group comprised of six newly qualified nurses who had completed their Bachelor of Nursing less than 12 months before the interview. They had completed at least one clinical placement at the site of data collection in their 2nd or 3rd year of undergraduate nursing studies. The main themes contributing to the student nurse experience within the context of paediatric nursing included the wish to work with children, a job being available, support during clinical placements and assistance with future career planning while on placement. The support experienced by student nurses during their clinical placement was seen to have a very positive influence on their future employment choices. Group de-briefing to support mutual understanding and sharing was seen to be a highly positive aspect of a clinical placement. Also how students were treated by clinical staff was a key factor that influenced future employment choices. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Employer attitudes about criminal histories.

PubMed

Swanson, Sarah J; Langfitt-Reese, Sandra; Bond, Gary R

2012-09-01

Although the individual placement and support (IPS) approach has demonstrated superior competitive employment outcomes for people with severe mental illness, practitioners report that job obtainment for people with criminal convictions is particularly challenging. The current study examined employer hiring decisions and attitudes regarding job applicants with felonies. The main purpose of the study was to identify the percentage of employers who had knowingly hired applicants with felonies, and if the hiring patterns differed by employer type. Twelve employment specialists from nine states interviewed 128 employers about their past hiring practices. Two IPS trainers coordinated the project with the specialists. Survey findings did not support common assumptions held by employment specialists about employer attitudes. Sixty-three percent of employers surveyed said that they had knowingly hired at least one person with a felony conviction. Further, few businesses had written policies that would prohibit the hiring of people with felony convictions. Employers' reported reasons for having hired individuals with felony convictions provide a framework to help jobseekers improve their prospects for favorable hiring decisions. Employers suggested that relationships with employment specialists can also facilitate the hiring of applicants with felonies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).

(Re)Anchored, Video-Centered Engagement: The Transferability of Preservice Training to Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickinson, Gail; Summers, Emily J.

2010-01-01

This longitudinal study tracks primary participants over 3 years from their last year of university preservice teaching training through their second year of in-service teaching via surveys, interviews, and teaching observations. The study employs a descriptive case study design to examine the transfer of preservice content, pedagogy, and video…

The Power of Coalition: A Comparative Study of Two School Reform Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stapleford, Thomas A.

This paper chronicles the organizational life of two high schools in the northeastern United States as they responded to the national impetus for change. The study used a methodology employing ethnographic field study methods including field notes, interviews, and artifact collection and analysis. Riverside High pursued a locally initiated change…

Homeschooling Education: Longitudinal Study of Methods, Materials, and Curricula

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanna, Linda G.

2012-01-01

In a comprehensive study of two-hundred fifty homeschooling families in urban, rural and suburban areas of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the researcher examined all aspects of the instruction, materials and curricula employed by the families in a ten-year longitudinal study from 1998 through 2008. The researcher conducted interviews and…

Secondary School Teachers' Perceptions of Interactive Whiteboard Training Workshops: A Case Study from Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lai, Horng-Ji

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore secondary school teachers' perceptions of interactive whiteboard (IWB) training workshops in Taiwan. This study also sought to identify potential problems associated with the design of IWB training workshops in order to improve their effectiveness. This research employed observations and interviews to…

Rehabilitative Learning: Education during Pscyhiatric Hospitalization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaked, Haim

2014-01-01

This article presents a case study of a school designed for youth hospitalized for mental disorders, aiming to reveal the educational approach of such a school, a topic on which nothing has been written so far. The study, which lasted a year, employed qualitative techniques: observations, document collection and interviews. The study has found…

An Examination to Determine the English Competencies Required of Secretaries in the Administrative, Legal and Medical Areas with a Synthesis into a Core of Common Competencies to be Used in Forming a Basis for an English Curriculum. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Radloff, David Maurice

The central problem of the study was to determine the English competencies required of secretaries in the Medical, Legal and Administrative Secretarial Areas. The questionnaire/interview method was employed, utilizing 50 questionnaires and ten interviews in each of the three secretarial areas, and distributing them to imployers and employees…

Challenges of Integrating Mobile Technology into Mathematics Instruction in Secondary Schools: An Indonesian Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abidin, Zaenal; Mathrani, Anuradha; Hunter, Roberta; Parsons, David

2017-01-01

Implementing mobile learning in curriculum-based educational settings faces challenges related to perceived ethical and learning issues. This study investigated the affordances of mobile technologies to support mathematics instruction by teachers. An exploratory study employing questionnaires and semi-structured interviews revealed that, while…

Coping Strategies in Web Searching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mansourian, Yazdan

2008-01-01

Purpose: This paper seeks to report selective findings of a wider study to identify the mechanisms that end users employ to overcome their information seeking failure on the web. Design/methodology/approach: Data collection was conducted by semi-structured and in-depth interviews. The study adopted a qualitative approach and was carried out based…

The Professional Identities of Mainstream Teachers of English Learners: A Discourse Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Adrian D.

2016-01-01

This qualitative study investigated the professional identities of four mainstream teachers of English learners (ELs). Four teachers in two school contexts (urban and suburban) were interviewed five times and observed during formal instruction four times. Adopting a sociocultural perspective on identity, the study employed discourse analysis to…

Hospice Decision Making: Diagnosis Makes a Difference

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waldrop, Deborah P.; Meeker, Mary Ann

2012-01-01

Purpose: This study explored the process of decision making about hospice enrollment and identified factors that influence the timing of that decision. Methods: This study employed an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional design and was conducted using qualitative methods. In-depth in-person semistructured interviews were conducted with 36…

An Avenue for Challenging Sexism: Examining the High School Sociology Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens, Kaylene Mae; Martell, Christopher C.

2016-01-01

In this interpretative qualitative study, the researchers investigated the beliefs and practices of six high school sociology teachers in relation to the teaching of gender. Using a feminist lens, this study employed mixed methods, analyzing teacher interviews, observations, and classroom artifacts. The results showed that the teachers viewed…

Factors Influencing Development of Perfectionism in Gifted College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Speirs-Neumeister, Kristie L.

2004-01-01

This study is part of a larger research investigation of perfectionism in gifted college students. Employing a qualitative interview design, this study examined factors contributing to the development of two dimensions of perfectionism, socially prescribed and self-oriented, in gifted college students. Findings indicated that exposure to parental…

Taiwanese Model of Early Intervention Needs Assessment System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ho, Hua-Kuo

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was intended to investigate the current system of early intervention needs assessment in Taiwan in order to understand the problems encountered and provide the coping strategies for improving the system. Documentary analysis, phone interview and participant observation were employed in the study to collect the research…

Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's Experiences in Physical Education and Youth Sport

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Na, Jaekwon

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine parents' perceptions of their children's experiences in physical education and youth sport. Qualitative research design was employed in this study. Data collection methods included phenomenological interviews and qualitative questionnaires. Forty-one questionnaires were collected and analyzed through…

Claiming Unclaimed Spaces: Virtual Spaces for Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Nicole C.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe and examine the environments used by teacher candidates in multi-user virtual environments. Secondary data analysis of a case study methodology was employed. Multiple data sources including interviews, surveys, observations, snapshots, course artifacts, and the researcher's journal were used in the initial…

A Phenomenological Study: Experiences of Chinese Students Using Educational Technology in American Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jiang, Ying

2017-01-01

This phenomenological study explores the educational technology experiences of ten Chinese international students at American universities. It describes their technology experiences and the influence on their technology self-efficacy and acculturation to the university culture in America. Seidman's (1998) three-interview approach was employed to…

THE ROLE OF EMPLOYERS IN FACILITATING SMOKING CESSATION AMONG STAFF: PERSPECTIVE OF DRIVERS IN A NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY.

PubMed

Olumide, A O; Owoaje, Eme T

2017-12-01

Several interventions have been instituted to encourage smoking cessation among smokers. Many adults are currently working and spend several hours a day at work. Employers thus have a role to play in encouraging staff who smoke to quit. This study investigated the perception of drivers employed in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria on the role of their employers in facilitating smoking cessation among staff who smoke. All 176 drivers employed by the University and who were available on the days of the interviews were interviewed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on drivers' opinion on the role of employers in facilitating smoking cessation among staff. All the drivers were male and had a mean age of 51.2 ± 5.8 years. Five (2.8%) drivers were current smokers. One hundred and thirty-six (77.3%) drivers were of the opinion that their employers had a role to play in encouraging smoking cessation among staff who smoke. They felt this could be done by organizing workshops to sensitize staff on the dangers of smoking 73 (53.7%), educating staff about the health effects of smoking 26 (19.1%) and arresting staff caught smoking during official hours 20 (14.7%). Many of the drivers felt that their employers had a role to play in encouraging smoking cessation among staff. The University authorities should build on this and take specific steps to institute a comprehensive workplace antitobacco policy which includes smoking cessation interventions to assist staff who smoke to quit.

Pretest and refinement of items for alcohol highway safety surveys

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1984-05-30

This study summarizes the procedures employed in pre-testing a set of alcohol-highway safety questionnaire items. The procedures included conducting a set of focus groups and a series of telephone interviews on several forms of the questionnaires. Th...

Combining Employment and Caregiving: An Intricate Juggling Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guberman, Nancy; Maheu, Pierre

1999-01-01

The process that allows family caregivers to combine employment and elder care was examined in interviews with 25 caregivers. The effects of elder care on employment are the result of the degree to which caregivers manage to maintain balance between different life spheres: personal and social life, family life, caregiving, and employment. (53…

Employer Occupational Needs Assessment, Elko, Nevada, Spring, 1991. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferry, Cliff

In spring 1991, a survey was conducted by Northern Nevada Community College (NNCC) to determine the vocational education needs of local employers. Ninety-one employers were interviewed at their worksites using a modified open-ended question approach. Survey findings included the following: (1) employers most frequently used newspapers to obtain…

Employers' Organizations--Their Involvement in the Development of a European Vocational Training Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castin, Franz

This document presents an overview and synthesis of the involvement of employers' and employers' organizations in the development of vocational training policy in Europe. Material was gathered through the personal experience of the author and from interviews with those responsible for vocational training in various employers' professional…

National Call for Organizational Change from Sheltered to Integrated Employment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogan, Patricia; Rinne, Susan

2011-01-01

Our purpose in this article is to contend that organizational change from sheltered to integrated employment is not only possible but necessary, and a federal Employment First agenda must be advanced. Findings are reported from interviews with senior managers from 10 organizations that have shifted their service delivery to community employment,…

Predictors of employment for young adults with developmental motor disabilities.

PubMed

Magill-Evans, Joyce; Galambos, Nancy; Darrah, Johanna; Nickerson, Christy

2008-01-01

To identify the personal, family, and community factors that facilitate or hinder employment for young adults with developmental motor disabilities. Quantitative methods with an embedded qualitative component were used. Seventy-six persons between the ages of 20 and 30 years of age (Mean = 25, SD = 3.1) with a diagnosis of either cerebral palsy or spina bifida completed questionnaires addressing factors such as depression, and participated in a semi-structured interview that allowed participants to describe their experiences with education, employment, transportation, and other services. Almost half of the participants (n = 35) were not currently employed. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that gender (females were less likely to be employed), IQ (lower IQ associated with unemployment), and transportation dependence accounted for 42% of the variance in employment. Themes emerging from content analysis of the interviews supported the findings related to transportation barriers. Social reactions to disability limited employment opportunities, and participants often felt stuck in terms of employment options with limited opportunities for advancement. Transportation is a significant barrier to employment and innovative solutions are needed. Issues related to gender need to be considered when addressing employment inequities for persons with primarily motor disabilities.

How to shine at interviews.

PubMed

Watkins, Julie

2017-04-12

An interview's success depends on careful preparation and practice. A key aspect of this is researching your future employer and becoming familiar with the values of the trust or organisation where you want to work.

Experts: despite time constraints, motivational interviewing techniques can have lasting impact on drinkers, drug abusers.

PubMed

2013-04-01

Researchers have found that the Brief Negotiation Interview (BNI), a tool developed at Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, CT, can curb harmful drinking in patients when the tool is used with these patients in the emergency setting. Further, by using the same motivational interviewing techniques employed in the tool, experts say providers can help patients curb other harmful behaviors as well. The BNI consists of a series of questions that take about seven minutes to discuss with patients. The tool prompts patients to come up with their own reasons for changing harmful behaviors. To implement the BNI, emergency providers need training and constant reinforcement. Ideally, experts say the motivational interviewing techniques employed in the BNI need to become routine to have a lasting impact on patient care.

78 FR 29381 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Renewal of Previously Approved Collection...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-20

..., once a year by law students and recent law school graduates (e.g., judicial law clerks) who will be in... (candidates selected for interviews) who will complete a travel survey used to schedule interviews and prepare official Travel Authorizations prior to the interviewees' performing pre-employment interview travel (as...

38 CFR 21.370 - Intraregional travel at government expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for a personal interview prior to induction into training when: (A) The school requires the interview... transportation for the veteran's dependents, or for moving personal effects. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 111, 3104(a... report to a prospective employer-trainer for an interview prior to induction into training, when there is...

Informal workers and access to healthcare: a qualitative study of facilitators and barriers to accessing healthcare for beer promoters in the Lao People's Democratic Republic.

PubMed

Sychareun, Vanphanom; Vongxay, Viengnakhone; Thammavongsa, Vassana; Thongmyxay, Souksamone; Phummavongsa, Phouthong; Durham, Jo

2016-04-18

Informal workers often face considerable risks and vulnerabilities as a consequence of their work and employment conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine the interplay between the experience of informal work and access to health, using as an example, female beer promoters employed in the informal economy, in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. In-depth interviews were undertaken with 24 female beer promoters working in beer shops, restaurants and entertainment venues in Vientiane City. The recruitment strategy of snowball sampling was used. Interviews explored the beer promoter's experience of the organization of work, perceived healthcare needs, access to healthcare and insurance, and health seeking practices. The data was analysed thematically and subsequently using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capital and field. Most of the beer promoters included in the study were 18 years of age, single, had worked as beer promoters for more than one year and just over half were working to support their higher education. The beer promoters demonstrated a holistic view of health, also viewing good health as contributing to being beautiful - an important attribute in their work. Many reported that their work conditions, including the noisy environment, exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke, long hours on their feet and sexual harassment negatively affected their physical and mental health. Only four participants had any form of health insurance with access to healthcare constrained by individual characteristics, health system factors and the conditions of their informal employment. Drawing on the work of Bourdieu, the study shows how both employment and illness are linked to habitus embodied in everyday practices, access to capital and the position the female beer promoters hold in the social hierarchy in the field of employment.

A qualitative approach to recovery after open tibial fracture: the road to a novel, patient-derived recovery scale.

PubMed

Trickett, R W; Mudge, Elizabeth; Price, Patricia; Pallister, Ian

2012-07-01

The aim of this study was to describe how patients perceive their recovery following open tibial fractures using a qualitative approach. Following the appropriate ethical approval, adult patients with a diagnosis of open tibial fracture were recruited after completion of their surgical treatment and discharge from Morriston Hospital, a centre with orthoplastic surgical care. A purposive sampling method was employed to ensure that a range of injuries as well as clinical outcomes were included. All patients took part in an in-depth semi-structured interview, exploring aspects of their injury, treatment, rehabilitation and psychosocial and financial situations. Interviews were completed with two interviewers present and were recorded for verbatim transcription. Interview transcripts were analysed to identify items important to patients during their recovery. Nine patients with a mean injury to interview interval of 2.3 years were interviewed. A total of 538 items were identified and subsequently mapped onto 18 categories: pain; mobility; flexibility; temperature (effects on symptoms); fear; appearance; sleep; diet/weight; employment; social; finance; impact on others; self-care; recovery (patient perceptions of recovery); frustration; goal setting (by patients and health-care providers); and adaptation (both physical and mental). There is a wide range of factors that our cohort found important during their recovery from open tibial fracture. Despite being considered as 'healed' by the medical staff, patients did not report a corresponding full recovery and return to pre-injury normality. The categories identified will enable the development of a patient-reported recovery scale to be used in lower-limb trauma. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fit for purpose? Using the fit note with patients with chronic pain: a qualitative study

PubMed Central

Wainwright, Elaine; Wainwright, David; Keogh, Edmund; Eccleston, Christopher

2011-01-01

Background Staying in work may benefit patients with chronic pain, but can be difficult for GPs to negotiate with patients and their employers. The new fit note is designed to help this process, but little is known of how it is operating. Aim To explore GPs' views on the fit note, with particular reference to sickness certification for patients with chronic pain. Design and setting Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in eight primary care trusts in south-west England. Method In-depth interviews with 13 GPs. Results GPs reported that the rationale behind the fit note is sound and that it may help patients with chronic pain to return to work earlier. However, GPs also reported barriers to successful fit note use, including the need to preserve doctor–patient relationships, inconsistent engagement from employers, GPs' lack of specialist occupational health knowledge, issues with fit note training, and whether a new form can achieve cultural shift. Conclusion While doctors agree that good work improves health outcomes, they do not think that fit notes will greatly alter sickness-certification rates without more concerted initiatives to manage the tripartite negotiation between doctor, patient, and employer. PMID:22137416

Between unemployment and employment: experience of unemployed long-term pain sufferers.

PubMed

Glavare, Maria; Löfgren, Monika; Schult, Marie-Louise

2012-01-01

This study explored and analysed how patients experienced possibilities for, and barriers to, work return after participation in a multi-professional pain-rehabilitation program followed by a coached work-training program (CWT). Eleven informants (8 women/3 men) with long-term musculoskeletal pain who had participated in the CWT program for 4-21 months (mean=11) comprised the study. A qualitative emergent design was used. Data collected with interviews were analysed using the constant comparison method of grounded theory. Triangulation in researchers were used. The analyses of the interviews resulted in the development of a three-category theoretical model, which was named "a way back to work". The main category "Experience of a way back to work" consisted of the informants' experience during the process between unemployment and employment. The category "Support" describes the help the informants received from various actors, and the category "Negative response" describes negative responses from the actors involved, which was an important barrier in the process between unemployment and employment. Professional individualised support, participants feeling involved in their rehabilitation process, coaching at real workplaces and multi-professional team including health care personnel, were valuable during the process towards work.

Accents in the workplace: their effects during a job interview.

PubMed

Deprez-Sims, Anne-Sophie; Morris, Scott B

2010-12-01

As the workplace becomes increasingly global, organizations are more likely to employ persons from other countries whose accents clearly identify them as different from the local workforce. Understanding the impact of accents in the workplace is important because accents can be salient in the same way as ethnicity, age, gender, and skin color and may be a source of employment discrimination. The present study looked at the influence of accents on the evaluation of job applicants during an interview for a human resource manager position. Participants from the US were asked to evaluate an applicant with one of three accents (Midwestern US, French, Colombian) by listening to an audiofile. The results showed that the applicant with the Midwestern US accent was evaluated more positively than the applicant with the French accent; however, the applicant with the Colombian accent did not receive an evaluation that differed significantly from those given to the applicants with either the French or the Midwestern US accent. Analyses of process variables indicated that the bias against the French-accented applicant was mediated by perceived lower similarity. These results are consistent with the similarity-attraction hypothesis, which states that demographic variables will impact judgments to the extent to which they make the decision-maker view the applicant as similar or dissimilar. The ability of accent to trigger bias highlights the importance of considering the full array of characteristics that can lead to discrimination in employment settings. Research on employment discrimination has traditionally focused on visual cues such as gender and ethnicity, but in an interview situation, the way the applicant speaks is also important.

An interview guide for clinicians to identify a young disabled person's motivation to work.

PubMed

Faber, B J M; Wind, H; Frings-Dresen, M H W

2016-06-27

The percentage of young people with disabilities who are employed is relatively low. Motivation is considered to be an important factor in facilitating or hindering their ability to obtain employment. We aimed to develop a topic list that could serve as an interview guide for professionals in occupational health care which would aid them in their discussion of work motivation-related issues with this group. We systematically searched Pubmed, PsychInfo and Picarta. Studies were included if they described aspects of work motivation and/or instruments that assess work motivation. Based on the results of our literature survey, we developed a list of topics that had been shown to be related to work motivation. Our search resulted in 12 articles describing aspects of work motivation and 17 articles describing instruments that assess work motivation. The aspects that we found were intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, goal setting, self-efficacy, expectancy, values and work readiness. Based on this information we developed an interview guide that includes seven topic areas: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, goal setting, expectancy, values, self- efficacy, and work readiness. The topics within the interview guide and the literature survey data that is presented will shed light on the role that motivation plays on the work participation among young people with disabilities.

Managing cancer and employment: Decisions and strategies used by breast cancer survivors employed in low-wage jobs

PubMed Central

Swanberg, Jennifer E.; Nichols, Helen M.; Ko, Jungyai; Tracy, J. Kathleen; Vanderpool, Robin C.

2017-01-01

Advances in breast cancer screening and treatment have led to an overall 5-year survival rate of 90%. Many of these cancer cases are diagnosed in working women. Few studies have explicitly examined the cancer–work interface, as experienced by low-wage earning women with breast cancer. This study uses in-depth, semistructured interviews with 24 low-wage breast cancer survivors to identify employment decisions and factors that influenced or enabled these decisions, and examine the individual strategies and workplace supports used to manage the cancer–work interface among a subset of women (n = 13) who continued to work. Future research areas and clinical implications are discussed. PMID:28045595

Managing cancer and employment: Decisions and strategies used by breast cancer survivors employed in low-wage jobs.

PubMed

Swanberg, Jennifer E; Nichols, Helen M; Ko, Jungyai; Tracy, J Kathleen; Vanderpool, Robin C

2017-01-01

Advances in breast cancer screening and treatment have led to an overall 5-year survival rate of 90%. Many of these cancer cases are diagnosed in working women. Few studies have explicitly examined the cancer-work interface, as experienced by low-wage earning women with breast cancer. This study uses in-depth, semistructured interviews with 24 low-wage breast cancer survivors to identify employment decisions and factors that influenced or enabled these decisions, and examine the individual strategies and workplace supports used to manage the cancer-work interface among a subset of women (n = 13) who continued to work. Future research areas and clinical implications are discussed.

Facilitators and barriers to employment among veterans with spinal cord injury receiving 12 months of evidence-based supported employment services.

PubMed

Cotner, Bridget A; Njoh, Eni N; Trainor, John K; O'Connor, Danielle R; Barnett, Scott D; Ottomanelli, Lisa

2015-01-01

Return to work is associated with positive rehabilitation outcomes for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, more research is needed on vocational support for persons with disabilities seeking employment. The association between facilitators and barriers of employment and employment outcome was examined among Veterans with SCI who participated in an evidence-based supported employment (EBSE) program. Using a mixed-methods, nested case-control design, data on facilitators and barriers to employment were extracted from qualitative interviews and quantitative measures administered in person to 34 Veterans with SCI who completed 12 months of an EBSE program. Participants who did (case) and did not (control) obtain competitive employment were matched on time since SCI. Facilitators and barriers to employment were compared between the groups. Self-report measures administered at baseline were examined; there were no statistically significant factors that predicted employment outcomes after 12 months of EBSE program participation. Qualitative interview data revealed program-specific facilitators and Veteran characteristics that were associated with employment outcomes. Qualitative data illustrate how the integration of the vocational rehabilitation specialist on the medical team is helpful for addressing identified disability-specific barriers, including practical matters such as transportation and caregiving schedules, to facilitate employment outcomes.

Facilitators and Barriers to Employment Among Veterans with Spinal Cord Injury Receiving 12 Months of Evidence-Based Supported Employment Services

PubMed Central

Njoh, Eni N.; Trainor, John K.; O’Connor, Danielle R.; Barnett, Scott D.; Ottomanelli, Lisa

2015-01-01

Background: Return to work is associated with positive rehabilitation outcomes for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, more research is needed on vocational support for persons with disabilities seeking employment. Objective: The association between facilitators and barriers of employment and employment outcome was examined among Veterans with SCI who participated in an evidence-based supported employment (EBSE) program. Methods: Using a mixed-methods, nested case-control design, data on facilitators and barriers to employment were extracted from qualitative interviews and quantitative measures administered in person to 34 Veterans with SCI who completed 12 months of an EBSE program. Participants who did (case) and did not (control) obtain competitive employment were matched on time since SCI. Facilitators and barriers to employment were compared between the groups. Results: Self-report measures administered at baseline were examined; there were no statistically significant factors that predicted employment outcomes after 12 months of EBSE program participation. Qualitative interview data revealed program-specific facilitators and Veteran characteristics that were associated with employment outcomes. Conclusions: Qualitative data illustrate how the integration of the vocational rehabilitation specialist on the medical team is helpful for addressing identified disability-specific barriers, including practical matters such as transportation and caregiving schedules, to facilitate employment outcomes. PMID:25762857

Exploring Individual and Structural Factors Associated with Employment Among Young Transgender Women of Color Using a No-Cost Transgender Legal Resource Center.

PubMed

Hill, Brandon J; Rosentel, Kris; Bak, Trevor; Silverman, Michael; Crosby, Richard; Salazar, Laura; Kipke, Michele

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore individual and structural factors associated with employment among young transgender women (TW) of color. Sixty-five trans women of color were recruited from the Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund to complete a 30-min interviewer-assisted survey assessing sociodemographics, housing, workplace discrimination, job-seeking self-efficacy, self-esteem, perceived public passability, and transactional sex work. Logistic regression models revealed that stable housing (structural factor) and job-seeking self-efficacy (individual factor) were significantly associated with currently being employed. Our findings underscore the need for multilevel approaches to assist TW of color gain employment.

Factors promoting sustainable work in women with fibromyalgia.

PubMed

Palstam, Annie; Gard, Gunvor; Mannerkorpi, Kaisa

2013-09-01

To examine and describe the factors promoting sustainable work in women with fibromyalgia (FM). A qualitative interview study. Twenty-seven gainfully employed women with FM participated in five focus group interviews. Their median age was 52 years, ranging from 33 to 62. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative latent content analysis. Four categories were identified describing factors promoting sustainable work: the meaning of work and individual strategies were individual promoters while a favourable work environment and social support outside work were environmental promoters. The meaning of work included individual meaning and social meaning. The individual strategies included handling symptoms, the work day and long-term work life. A favourable work environment included the physical and psychosocial work environment. Social support outside work included societal and private social supports. Promoting factors for work were identified, involving individual and environmental factors. These working women with FM had developed advanced well-functioning strategies to enhance their work ability. The development of such strategies should be supported by health-care professionals as well as employers to promote sustainable work in women with FM. Work disability is a common consequence of fibromyalgia (FM). Working women with FM appear to have developed advanced well-functioning individual strategies to enhance their work ability. The development of individual strategies should be supported by health-care professionals as well as employers to promote sustainable work and health in women with FM.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Life Narrative Interview Program for Medical Inpatients.

PubMed

Rybarczyk, Bruce; Garroway, Andrea Shamaskin-; Lanoye, Autumn; Griffin, Sarah; Bellg, Albert; Stone, Richard; Nelson, Sharon

2018-04-26

Two studies in the early 1990s demonstrated that life narrative interviews conducted by age-peer volunteers strengthened the coping of older patients undergoing invasive medical procedures. The present article reports on the implementation of a similar life narrative interview program for medical inpatients and subsequent evaluation of the mood and coping effects of the intervention. Three volunteers (mean age = 69 years) were trained to administer 45- to 60-minute life narrative interviews. Fifty-three inpatients (mean age = 70 years) on various units of a Mid-Atlantic non-profit hospital agreed to participate. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Coping Self-Efficacy Inventory (CSEI) were administered before and after the interviews. T-tests indicated a significant increase in positive affect and decrease in negative affect following the interview but no changes in the CSEI. Patient satisfaction questions administered after the interview indicated that patients had a high level of satisfaction with the interview experience. The life narrative interview program appeared to improve the overall mood of participants while providing a satisfying activity to engage in while in the hospital. The project demonstrated a cost-effective method for employing volunteers to enhance the experience of patients at healthcare facilities.

Employer Family-Supportive Policies: Diverse Variations on the Theme.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raabe, Phyllis H.; Gessner, John C.

1988-01-01

Examined the extent and nature of employer workplace initiatives based on interviews with New Orleans (Louisiana) employers. Bolstered other research findings of progress but continued limited workplace implementations of formal, family-supportive programs. Found modifications of formal and informal policies extended organizational family…

Counseling: Practices and Practitioners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Terry R.; Helwig, Andrew A.

1982-01-01

Examined the impact of employment counseling within the U.S. Employment Service in the mid 1970s. Collected data from office managers, counseling supervisors, and placement interviewers in 700 local employment offices. Discusses criteria for counselor evaluation, support for counseling, client characteristics, and services provided by counselors.…

Implementation of standardized time limits in sickness insurance and return-to-work: experiences of four actors.

PubMed

Ståhl, Christian; Müssener, Ulrika; Svensson, Tommy

2012-01-01

In 2008, time limits were introduced in Swedish sickness insurance, comprising a pre-defined schedule for return-to-work. The purpose of this study was to explore experienced consequences of these time limits. Sick-listed persons, physicians, insurance officials and employers were interviewed regarding the process of sick-listing, rehabilitation and return-to-work in relation to the reform. The study comprises qualitative interviews with 11 sick-listed persons, 4 insurance officials, 5 employers and 4 physicians (n = 24). Physicians, employers, and sick-listed persons described insurance officials as increasingly passive, and that responsibility for the process was placed on the sick-listed. Several ethical dilemmas were identified, where officials were forced to act against their ethical principles. Insurance officials' principle of care often clashed with the standardization of the process, that is based on principles of egalitarianism and equal treatment. The cases reported in this study suggest that a policy for activation and early return-to-work in some cases has had the opposite effect: central actors remain passive and the responsibility is placed on the sick-listed, who lacks the strength and knowledge to understand and navigate through the system. The standardized insurance system here promoted experiences of procedural injustice, for both officials and sick-listed persons.

New International Academics' Narratives of Cross-Cultural Transition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Sharon L.; Malau-Aduli, Bunmi S.

2013-01-01

Increasing numbers of academics world-wide are migrating as higher education institutions internationalise. Yet academics' experiences of cross-cultural transition remain underexplored, especially in comparison with students. This small-scale narrative study, employing focus group interviews, aimed to explore the cross-cultural transition…

International Students' Experiences of Integrating into the Workforce

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nunes, Sarah; Arthur, Nancy

2013-01-01

This study explored the integration experiences of 16 international students entering the Canadian workforce using a semistructured interview and constant comparison method. The international students were pursuing immigration to Canada, despite unmet job prospects. Students recommended that employers refrain from discriminating against students…

Learning and Context: Connections in Continuing Professional Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daley, Barbara J.

A qualitative interpretivist study analyzed interrelationships among professional practice, knowledge gained in continuing professional education (CPE) programs, and context of employment. Eighty semi-structured, tape-recorded interviews were conducted with social workers, lawyers, adult educators, and nurses who had attended continuing education…

Trainee Teachers' Experience of Reflection

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKenzie, Liz

2015-01-01

This article reports an investigation of trainee teachers' experience of reflection whilst undertaking a teaching qualification for the post-compulsory sector. The study used a sequential, mixed-methods design, employing a structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview; 127 individuals completed the questionnaire about their experience…

Australian men with cancer practice complementary therapies (CTs) as a coping strategy.

PubMed

Klafke, Nadja; Eliott, Jaklin A; Olver, Ian N; Wittert, Gary A

2014-11-01

The aim of this study was to explore how and why Australian men with cancer practice complementary therapies (CTs) and how their significant others (SOs) contribute to the regular uptake of CTs. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with 26 male cancer patients and 24 SOs. Participants were purposefully sampled from a preceding Australian survey investigating the use of CTs in men with cancer (94% response rate and 86% consent rate for follow-up interview). Interviews were conducted in a metropolitan location, and the 43 interview transcripts were analyzed thematically. Three core themes were identified: men used CTs as (a) problem-focused coping (e.g., diet modification), (b) emotion-focused coping (e.g., meditation), and (c) meaning-based coping (e.g., prayer). Practicing CTs helped men to cope with physical, emotional, and spiritual concerns, although some men spoke of difficulties with practicing meditation to regulate their emotions. SOs were supportive of men's coping strategies but were only rarely involved in men's emotion-focused coping. Complementary therapies have the potential to facilitate coping with cancer, independent of any measurable physiological benefit. Our findings suggest that when clinicians engage in conversations about CTs use, they should consider the type of coping strategy employed by their patient. Such information may enhance the efficacy of some interventions (e.g., meditation) and also provide for an opportunity to discuss patients' expectations concerning CTs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Who's Hiring Whom for What? A Report on Employer Practices and Perceptions in Wisconsin and Their Implications for the Future of Welfare Reform.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobson, Robert; Green, Gary

The practices and perceptions of Wisconsin employers regarding welfare recipients were examined. First, 500 employers outside the Milwaukee metropolitan area were interviewed by telephone. Those data were merged with data from a survey of Milwaukee-area employers, resulting in a statewide sample of about 1,250 Wisconsin employers (25%, 35%, and…

Curriculum Design and Evaluation: An Employer-Centered Action Approach. AIR Forum 1980 Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mehallis, Mantha Vlahos

The development and validation of an employer-centered action system for curriculum development and evaluation are described. The system used a descriptive/action research design whereby a research team interviewed all major employers in Broward County Florida in a two-year period. Results of an employer needs assessment and task analyses were…

The Employability Skills of Business Graduates in Syria: Do Policymakers and Employers Speak the Same Language?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayoubi, Rami M.; Alzarif, Kahla; Khalifa, Bayan

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare the desired employability skills of business graduates in Syria from the perspective of both higher education policymakers and employers in the private sector. Design/Methodology/Approach: Interviews were conducted with 12 higher education policymakers and managers from the business sector. Content…

Correlates of competitive versus noncompetitive employment among adults with psychotic disorders.

PubMed

Waghorn, Geoffrey; Saha, Sukankta; McGrath, John J

2014-04-01

Studies of the demographic and clinical correlates of employment activity have proven useful for identifying employment assistance needs among people with severe and persistent mental illness. However, the results of prior studies remain unclear, and most reviews of prior studies have not differentiated competitive from noncompetitive employment. This study attempted to clarify the relative strength and consistency of correlates of competitive versus noncompetitive employment. Data were drawn from a population-based survey of Australian adults with psychotic disorders between March and December 2010. Demographic, clinical, and employment assistance correlates of competitive and noncompetitive employment were compared. The sample comprised 1,825 participants who agreed to face-to-face interviews. A total of 408 (22.3%) participants were employed in the previous four weeks, 330 (18.1%) in competitive employment and 78 (4.3%) in noncompetitive employment. Those in competitive employment were more likely to be female and aged 18-34, to have a partner, to have received formal vocational training or education after high school, and to have no literacy difficulties. Better global functioning, shorter illness duration, less severe course of illness, and affective versus nonaffective psychosis were associated with a greater likelihood of competitive employment. Those using Australian government employment services were less likely to be in competitive employment, suggesting a service provider preference for noncompetitive employment. Four times as many employees were in competitive employment than in noncompetitive employment. The negative relationship between employment assistance and competitive employment highlights the urgent need to improve the effectiveness of Australian employment services for people with severe mental illnesses.

Factors Affecting Employment Among Informal Caregivers Assisting People with Multiple Sclerosis

PubMed Central

Huang, Chunfeng; Zheng, Zhida

2013-01-01

The objective of this study was to identify characteristics of informal caregivers, caregiving, and the people with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving assistance that are associated with reduced caregiver employment. Data were collected during telephone interviews with 530 MS caregivers, including 215 employed caregivers, with these survey data analyzed using logistic regression. Poorer cognitive ability by the care recipient to make decisions about daily tasks and more caregiving hours per week predicted reduced caregiver employment. Better physical health domains of caregiver quality of life were associated with significantly lower odds of reduced employment. Health professionals treating informal caregivers, as well as those treating people with MS, need to be aware of respite, support, and intervention programs available to MS caregivers and refer them to these programs, which could reduce the negative impact of caregiving on employment. PMID:24453784

Once an Impression Manager, Always an Impression Manager? Antecedents of Honest and Deceptive Impression Management Use and Variability across Multiple Job Interviews

PubMed Central

Roulin, Nicolas; Bourdage, Joshua S.

2017-01-01

Research has examined the antecedents of applicants' use of impression management (IM) tactics in employment interviews. All existing empirical studies have measured IM in one particular interview. Yet, applicants generally interview multiple times for different positions, and thus have multiple opportunities to engage in IM, before they can secure a job. Similarly, recent theoretical advances in personnel selection and IM research have suggested that applicant behaviors should be considered as dynamic and adaptive in nature. In line with this perspective, the present study is the first to examine the role of individual differences in both applicants' use of IM tactics and the variability in IM use across multiple interviews. It also highlights which honest and deceptive IM tactics remain stable vs. vary in consecutive interviews with different interviewers and organizations. Results suggest that applicants high in Extraversion or core self-evaluations tend to engage in more honest self-promotion but do not adapt their IM approach across interviews. In contrast, applicants who possess more undesirable personality traits (i.e., low on Honesty-Humility and Conscientiousness, but high on Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, or Competitive Worldviews) tend to use more deceptive IM (and especially image creation tactics) and are also more likely to adapt their IM strategy across interviews. Because deceptive IM users can obtain better evaluations from interviewers and the personality profile of those users is often associated with undesirable workplace outcomes, this study provides additional evidence for the claim that deceptive IM (or faking) is a potential threat for organizations. PMID:28174546

Once an Impression Manager, Always an Impression Manager? Antecedents of Honest and Deceptive Impression Management Use and Variability across Multiple Job Interviews.

PubMed

Roulin, Nicolas; Bourdage, Joshua S

2017-01-01

Research has examined the antecedents of applicants' use of impression management (IM) tactics in employment interviews. All existing empirical studies have measured IM in one particular interview. Yet, applicants generally interview multiple times for different positions, and thus have multiple opportunities to engage in IM, before they can secure a job. Similarly, recent theoretical advances in personnel selection and IM research have suggested that applicant behaviors should be considered as dynamic and adaptive in nature. In line with this perspective, the present study is the first to examine the role of individual differences in both applicants' use of IM tactics and the variability in IM use across multiple interviews. It also highlights which honest and deceptive IM tactics remain stable vs. vary in consecutive interviews with different interviewers and organizations. Results suggest that applicants high in Extraversion or core self-evaluations tend to engage in more honest self-promotion but do not adapt their IM approach across interviews. In contrast, applicants who possess more undesirable personality traits (i.e., low on Honesty-Humility and Conscientiousness, but high on Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, or Competitive Worldviews) tend to use more deceptive IM (and especially image creation tactics) and are also more likely to adapt their IM strategy across interviews. Because deceptive IM users can obtain better evaluations from interviewers and the personality profile of those users is often associated with undesirable workplace outcomes, this study provides additional evidence for the claim that deceptive IM (or faking) is a potential threat for organizations.

The Prevalence of Short Sleep Duration by Industry and Occupation in the National Health Interview Survey

PubMed Central

Luckhaupt, Sara E.; Tak, SangWoo; Calvert, Geoffrey M.

2010-01-01

Study Objectives: To explore whether employment in industries likely to have non-standard work schedules (e.g., manufacturing and service) and occupations with long work-weeks (e.g., managerial/ professional, sales, and transportation) is associated with an increased risk of short sleep duration. Design: Cross-sectional epidemiologic survey. Setting: Household-based face-to-face survey of civilian, non-institutionalized US residents. Participants: Sample adults interviewed for the National Health Interview Survey in 1985 or 1990 (N = 74,734) or between 2004 and 2007 (N = 110,422). Most analyses focused on civilian employed workers interviewed between 2004 and 2007 (N = 66,099). Interventions: N/A Measurements and Results: The weighted prevalence of self-reported short sleep duration, defined as ≤6 h per day, among civilian employed workers from 2004-2007 was 29.9%. Among industry categories, the prevalence of short sleep duration was greatest for management of companies and enterprises (40.5%), followed by transportation/warehousing (37.1%) and manufacturing (34.8%). Occupational categories with the highest prevalence included production occupations in the transportation/warehousing industry, and installation, maintenance, and repair occupations in both the transportation/warehousing industry and the manufacturing industry. In the combined sample from 1985 and 1990, 24.2% of workers reported short sleep duration; the prevalence of short sleep duration was significantly lower during this earlier time period compared to 2004–2007 for 7 of 8 industrial sectors. Conclusions: Self-reported short sleep duration among US workers varies by industry and occupation, and has increased over the past two decades. These findings suggest the need for further exploration of the relationship between work and sleep, and development of targeted interventions for specific industry/occupation groups. Citation: Luckhaupt SE; Tak S; Calvert GM. The prevalence of short sleep duration by industry and occupation in the National Health Interview Survey. SLEEP 2010;33(2):149-159 PMID:20175398

Measuring the Wage Costs of Limited English: Issues with Using Interviewer versus Self-Reports in Determining Latino Wages

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamilton, Darrick; Goldsmith, Arthur H.; Darity, William, Jr.

2008-01-01

Scholars have found that poor English proficiency is negatively associated with wages using self-reported measures. However, these estimates may suffer from misclassification bias. Interviewer ratings are likely to more accurately proxy employer assessment of worker language ability. Using self-reported and interviewer ratings from the Multi-City…

The Interviewer as Hypothesis Tester: The Effects of Impressions of an Applicant on Interviewer Questioning Strategy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sackett, Paul R.

1982-01-01

Recent findings suggest individuals seek evidence to confirm initial hypotheses about other people, and that seeking confirmatory evidence makes it likely that a hypothesis will be confirmed. Examined the generalizability of these findings to the employment interview. Consistent use of confirmatory hypothesis testing strategies was not found.…

Hiring Good Colleagues: What You Need to Know about Interviewing New Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clement, Mary C.

2013-01-01

Employers need a systematic approach for sorting and selecting the best new hires, and hiring may be enhanced by the use of teachers in the process. This article discusses information-rich job advertisements, behavior-based interview questions, and how to objectively evaluate candidates in preliminary and on-site interviews. Candidates' past…

Leadership's Influence: A Case Study of an Elementary Principal's "Indirect" Impact on Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Goldy, III

2016-01-01

This study investigated leadership supports provided by an elementary principal of 15 years in a high performing diverse school. Employing document analysis and interviews, the researcher gathered and analyzed data in an effort to identify those leadership strategies that could be replicated at other school sites. The study identified the…

Foreign Area Studies in the USSR. Training and Employment of Specialists.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gottemoeller, Rose E.; Langer, Paul F.

A study was undertaken to arrive at a broad overview of the Soviet training utilization of foreign area specialists. To gather data for the study, researchers examined European, United States, and Soviet publications and interviewed Soviet emigres and U.S. specialists on the Soviet Union. According to these data sources, specialized training for…

The Implementation and Evaluation of an Instructional Design Based on the Interdisciplinary Approach: Conscious Consumer Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karakus, Memet; Uyar, Melis Yesilpinar

2018-01-01

The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate the instructional design prepared as consumer-oriented and based upon interdisciplinary curriculum. In this study, case study approach, which is one of the qualitative research patterns, was employed. Observations, interviews and document analysis were used to collect data. For analyzing the…

Exploring Anti-Semitism in the Classroom: A Case Study among Norwegian Adolescents from Minority Backgrounds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Paul

2016-01-01

This study explores high school students' views of Jews in one minority-dominated school in Oslo, Norway. Employing a qualitative approach, semistructured interview guides and classroom-based discussions teased out attitudes toward Jews drawing on questions from a nationwide research conducted by The Center for Studies of the Holocaust and…

Ethnographic Depiction of a Multiethnic School: A Comparison to Desegregated Settings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Semons, Maryann

This report compares the findings of a recent ethnographic study of a multiethnic urban high school to some of the highlights of a series of ten-year-old ethnographic studies on court-ordered desegregated school settings. The study of the multiethnic urban school employed an ethnographic design whereby a participant-observer interviewed students…

The Balancing Act: Meeting the Needs of All Children Including an Adolescent with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koch, Cecelia; Mayes, Rachel

2012-01-01

Background: The aim of this study was to explore parents' experiences and strategies used when meeting the needs of all their children, including an adolescent with disabilities. Materials and methods: A qualitative study design was employed. The study was conducted in two phases. (i) Secondary analysis of ecocultural interviews with 12…

Breast milk expression among formally employed women in urban and rural Malaysia: A qualitative study

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Many women are unable to practice exclusive breastfeeding because they are separated from their infants while working. Expressing their breast milk helps them to continue breastfeeding. This study explores the perception and experiences related to the feasibility, acceptability and safety of breast milk expression among formally employed women in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods A qualitative method using in-depth interviews was conducted from December 2008 to December 2009 among Malay women from urban and rural areas. A snowball sampling method was used to recruit the informants, and the interviews, which were facilitated by an interview guide, were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted, with construction of codes and themes from each interview. Results Analysis of the interviews with 20 informants identified three themes related to breast milk expression. The themes were as follows: (i) lack of feasibility of expressing breast milk, (ii) negative feelings about expressing breast milk, and (iii) doubts about the safety and hygiene of expressed breast milk. The informants who did not practice exclusive breastfeeding believed that expressing their breast milk was not feasible, commonly because they felt there were not enough facilities for them. They also had negative feelings such as embarrassment. The safety and hygiene of the expressed breast milk was also their main concern. Conclusion More practical and focused education, as well as provision of facilities, is needed for women to effectively and safely express and store their breast milk. The issue of inadequate milk production should be emphasized, especially by encouraging them to express their breast milk as a way to improve milk production. PMID:22929649

Barriers and facilitators related to implementation of regulated midwifery in Manitoba: a case study.

PubMed

Thiessen, Kellie; Heaman, Maureen; Mignone, Javier; Martens, Patricia; Robinson, Kristine

2016-03-15

In 2000, midwifery was regulated in the Canadian Province of Manitoba. Since the establishment of the midwifery program, little formal research has analyzed the utilization of regulated midwifery services. In Manitoba, the demand for midwifery services has exceeded the number of midwives in practice. The specific objective of this study was to explore factors influencing the implementation and utilization of regulated midwifery services in Manitoba. The case study design incorporated qualitative exploratory descriptive methods, using data derived from two sources: interviews and public documents. Twenty-four key informants were purposefully selected to participate in semi-structured in-depth interviews. All documents analyzed were in the public domain. Content analysis was employed to analyze the documents and transcripts of the interviews. The results of the study were informed by the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Three main topic areas were explored: facilitators, barriers, and future strategies and recommendations. The most common themes arising under facilitators were funding of midwifery services and strategies to integrate the profession. Power and conflict, and lack of a productive education program emerged as the most prominent themes under barriers. Finally, future strategies for sustaining the midwifery profession focused on ensuring avenues for registration and education, improving management strategies and accountability frameworks within the employment model, enhancing the work environment, and evaluating both the practice and employment models. Results of the document analysis supported the themes arising from the interviews. These findings on factors that influenced the implementation and integration of midwifery in Manitoba may provide useful information to key stakeholders in Manitoba, as well as other provinces as they work toward successful implementation of regulated midwifery practice. Funding for new positions and programs was consistently noted as a successful strategy. While barriers such as structures of power within Regional Health Authorities and inter and intra-professional conflict were identified, the lack of a productive midwifery education program emerged as the most prominent barrier. This new knowledge highlights issues that impact the ongoing growth and capacity of the midwifery profession and suggests directions for ensuring its sustainability.

20 CFR 655.40 - Employer-conducted recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Attestations for Temporary Employment in Occupations Other Than Agriculture or Registered Nursing in the United... with respect to the requirement for, and conduct of, interviews. (e) Qualified and available U.S...

Stories of Digital Lives: Teacher-Student Relationships in Secondary Classrooms and Digital Spaces

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nowell, Shanedra Dilese

2012-01-01

This qualitative teacher research study employed narrative inquiry in order to gain greater understanding of how secondary teachers and students made connections using digital online media. Interviews, focus groups, internet artifacts, and other demographic data were used in this interpretivist study. The teacher and student participants utilized…

Children's Understanding of Advertising: An Investigation Using Verbal and Pictorially Cued Methods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen, Laura; Auty, Susan; Lewis, Charlie; Berridge, Damon

2007-01-01

Conflicting results on children's understanding of advertising may stem from differences in research methods. Most studies are conducted using interviewing techniques, employing only verbal questioning. In the present study, 136 children of two age groups (7 and 10 years) were first asked what advertising was for and, after responding, shown…

Strategies for Employee Learning in Professional Service Firms: A Study of Community Pharmacies in Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kotey, Bernice; Saini, Bandana; While, Lesley

2011-01-01

The study investigated employee learning strategies in community pharmacies in Australia and the factors that explain differences among pharmacies in the strategies employed. A qualitative methodology was applied, involving semi-structured interviews with owners, managers, or senior employees of 12 pharmacies. The findings revealed learning…

Picking a Hill to Die On: Discreet Activism, Leadership and Social Justice in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryan, James; Tuters, Stephanie

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe a study that explores the discreet activist strategies of educational leaders who promote social justice. Design/methodology/approach: Part of a larger project, this study employed qualitative methods. In particular, researchers interviewed 26 leaders--principals, vice principals, department heads,…

Challenges in Distributed Leadership: Evidence from the Perspective of Headteachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tahir, Lokman Mohd; Lee, Sui Liang; Musah, Mohammed Borhandden; Jaffri, Hadijah; Said, Mohd Nihra Haruzuan Mohamad; Yasin, Mohd Hanafi Mohd

2016-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the issues and challenges faced by headteachers in practicing the suggested distributed leadership (DL) approach in three primary schools to their middle layer leaders. Design/methodology/approach: The study employed a case study design and data were collected through semi-structured interviews.…

Social Networking, Workplace, and Entertainment Literacies: The Out-of-School Literate Lives of Newcomer Adolescent Immigrants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Mary Amanda

2014-01-01

Using a New Literacy Studies perspective that recognizes multiple literacies that are meaningful within their sociocultural traditions, this collective case study investigated the range, form, and purpose of the out-of-school literacies of four Latina/o adolescent English learners. The qualitative methodology employed constructivist interviews,…

Culturally Relevant Pedagogy and Behaviors: A Study of Faculty Beliefs at Six Christian Postsecondary Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Deborah L.

2013-01-01

This study explored the perspectives of faculty at six evangelical Christian universities concerning cultural diversity and how theological beliefs might impact faculty members' commitment to a culturally competent pedagogy. A mixed methods design employing both quantitative (survey) and qualitative (interviews) was utilized for data collection.…

Organizational Values Needed for Diversity Management

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Polat, Soner

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the organizational values that are needed to be shared for an effective staff diversity management in schools by analysing the views of school managers. A phenomenological research design was employed in the study. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 school managers chosen…

Antecedents of Adopting E-Learning: Toward a Model of Academic E-Learning Acceptance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamali, Ali

2013-01-01

This study investigates factors that predict the successful adoption and implementation of e-learning technologies in college level courses. The study employed "availability sample," to collect data via face-to-face interviews with academic professionals in a small liberal arts and sciences college in the Midwest. Two hundred and twelve…

Tweeting and Blogging: Moving towards Education 2.0

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luo, Tian; Franklin, Teresa

2015-01-01

This paper reports on an exploratory study that employed Twitter and blogs as instructional Web 2.0 tools to support student learning in an undergraduate-level class. Case study methodology entailing a usage survey, an exit survey, and 12 in-depth semi-structured interviews was sought to examine patterns and characteristics of students' usage of…

Overcommunication Strategies of Violating Grice's Cooperative Principle in Ground Service

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xiaoqin, Liu

2017-01-01

Based on four maxims of Grice's cooperative principle framework, a small-scale study is conducted to examine the communication strategies employed by experienced ground service staff. Data have been collected from questionnaires and in-depth interviews with Chinese domestic airlines' ground staff. This study identifies that the communicative…

Understanding the Transition Experiences of Previously Detained Adolescents with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Logan-Friend, Jocelyn

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of previously detained adolescents with disabilities in order to better understand the influence these experiences may have on their postsecondary outcomes. This study employed a phenomenological approach through a three interview series to further understand the lived…

Evaluating the Assessment Models for Young Children with Special Needs in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ho, Hua-Kuo

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was intended to evaluate the assessment models of two representative centers of team evaluation for children's development in Taiwan. Documentary analysis and phone interview were employed in the study to collect the research data needed. Two centers of team evaluation for children's development were selected and…

Policy Intermediaries and the Reform of e-Education in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vandeyar, Thirusellvan

2015-01-01

Utilising a case study approach and backward mapping principles to policy implementation, this study set out to explore how well district and province's e-learning officials are equipped for the task of implementing the national e-Education policy. Qualitative methods were employed to capture data through interviews and document analysis. Data…

Love and Enjoyment in Context: Four Case Studies of Adolescent EFL Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pavelescu, Liana Maria; Petric, Bojana

2018-01-01

This study explores the foreign language learning emotions of four EFL adolescent students in Romania and the ways in which their emotions emerge in their sociocultural context. Multiple qualitative methods were employed over a school semester, including a written task, semi-structured interviews with the learners and their teachers, lesson…

Student Debt, Problem-Solving, and Decision-Making of Adult Learners: A Basic Qualitative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, William J.

2013-01-01

A basic qualitative research study was conducted to develop insights into how adult learners employ problem-solving and decision-making (PSDM), when considering college financing, student loans, and student debt. Using the social media Website Facebook, eight qualified participants were recruited. Participants were interviewed via telephone, and…

The Researcher's Journey: Scholarly Navigation of an Academic Library Web Site

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCann, Steve; Ravas, Tammy; Zoellner, Kate

2010-01-01

A qualitative study of the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library's Web site identified the ways in which students and faculty of the University of Montana used the site for research purposes. This study employed open-ended interview questions and observations to spontaneously capture a user's experience in researching topics in which they…

Restaurants as Learning Organizations: A Multiple-Site Case Study of U.S. Non-Chain Restaurants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boccia, Mark

2016-01-01

This study investigated the construct of the learning organization in the restaurant industry. Descriptive accounts of learning were gleaned from face-to-face interviews, focus groups, observations, document analysis, and data from the Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ) from 52 participants employed in three US…

Subjective Well-Being Experiences of Taiwanese University Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Yii-nii

2017-01-01

This study described the subjective well-being (SWB) experiences of Taiwanese undergraduate students. Thirty senior students from three different styles of universities participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 20 to 25 years old with an average of 21.65. A phenomenological methodology with in-depth interviews was employed. Five themes…

Issues of Perception Post 9/11 and Implications for Antiterrorism Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barner, Rayford E.

2015-01-01

This research study sought to determine a connection between antiterrorism education training and police officer's perception of the cultural communities implicated in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The study employs a mixed-methods research design using surveys and interviews. The sample is taken from 52 police officers of a police…

Catalog Use Studies--Since the Introduction of Online Interactive Catalogs: Impact on Design for Subject Access.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cochrane, Pauline A.; Markey, Karen

1983-01-01

This review of the transition from library card catalogs to online public access catalogs (OPAC) (1981-1982) discusses methods employed by online catalog use studies (self-administered questionnaires, OPAC transaction logs, focused-group interviews, feature analysis, online search and retrieval experiments) and new directions for OPAC research…

Promoting Social Justice in Schools: Principals' Political Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryan, James

2010-01-01

This article describes a study that explores the ways in which principals use their political acumen to promote social justice in their schools. Employing face-to-face interviews with 28 principals who have worked in a variety of schools, the study examines the principals' efforts to understand their political contexts, the manner in which they…

Collaborative Blended Learning Writing Environment: Effects on EFL Students' Writing Apprehension and Writing Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Challob, Ala'a Ismael; Bakar, Nadzrah Abu; Latif, Hafizah

2016-01-01

This study examined the effects of collaborative blended learning writing environment on students' writing apprehension and writing performance as perceived by a selected group of EFL students enrolled in one of the international schools in Malaysia. Qualitative case study method was employed using semi-structured interview, learning diaries and…

Like a High Wave: Adjustment to Retirement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nuttman-Shwartz, Orit

2004-01-01

Purpose: The purposes of the study are to provide a phenomenological description of the pre- and post-retirement experience and to examine adjustment during the two periods. Design and Methods: This is a longitudinal study of 56 Israeli men that employs both personal interviews and standard measures of physical and mental health. Results: The…

Cultural Models of Domestic Violence: Perspectives of Social Work and Anthropology Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collins, Cyleste C.; Dressler, William W.

2008-01-01

This study employed a unique theoretical approach and a series of participant-based ethnographic interviewing techniques that are traditionally used in cognitive anthropology to examine and compare social work and anthropology students' cultural models of the causes of domestic violence. The study findings indicate that although social work…

Reading Habits of College Students in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, SuHua; Capps, Matthew; Blacklock, Jeff; Garza, Mary

2014-01-01

This study employed a convergent mixed-method research design to investigate reading habits of American college students. A total of 1,265 (466 male and 799 female) college students voluntarily participated in the study by completing a self-reported survey. Twelve students participated in semi-structured interviews and classroom observations.…

Teachers Closing the Discipline Gap in an Urban Middle School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monroe, Carla R.

2009-01-01

This study focuses on student discipline as related to the perceptions, work, and backgrounds of effective Black and White teachers. The article expands current knowledge by reporting findings from a case study of 4 teachers (2 African Americans and 2 Whites) employed in an urban, predominately African American middle school. Interviews, field…

How Parents Discipline Young Children: Cultural Comparisons and Individual Differences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmerus, Kerstin; Scarr, Sandra

A study examined how Swedish parents discipline their 1- to 6-year-old children. Data were collected from 200 families, using two instruments which were both employed in previous studies: the EAS Temperament Survey and the Manageability Index. Other methods used included interviewing mothers about family demographics and a "parental modernity…

JobTIPS: A Transition to Employment Program for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strickland, Dorothy C.; Coles, Claire D.; Southern, Louise B.

2013-01-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of an internet accessed training program that included Theory of Mind-based guidance, video models, visual supports, and virtual reality practice sessions in teaching appropriate job interview skills to individuals with high functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders. In a randomized study, twenty-two youth, ages…

Are doctors unhappy? A study of residents with an open interview form.

PubMed

Bergin, Elsmari; Johansson, Helen; Bergin, Rolf

2004-01-01

Several recent reports show that many physicians feel discontented and unhappy with their work situation. This could in part be due to a decline in status, loss of influence on health care organization, reduced wages etc. It is important to find ways to better understand their experiences of working life to get more facets of this issue. The Medical Management Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm offers courses in leadership for physicians in specialty training (residency). Participants in 2 courses were used in a study of their views of their work situation and their employer, using an open interview form. The results with the residents in the present study do not support the statement that physicians are unhappy. On the contrary, findings in the study indicate that they have a predominantly positive view of their work situation and of their employer. It is proposed that the mixed feelings they show to some extent is a natural stage in professional development. A possible way for achieving a better dialogue between physicians and managers is suggested.

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

PubMed

Smith, Matthew J; Humm, Laura Boteler; Fleming, Michael F; Jordan, Neil; Wright, Michael A; Ginger, Emily J; Wright, Katherine; Olsen, Dale; Bell, Morris D

2015-01-01

Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have low employment rates and the job interview presents a critical barrier for them to obtain competitive employment. To evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) among veterans with PTSD via a small randomized controlled trial (n=23 VR-JIT trainees, n=10 waitlist treatment-as-usual (TAU) controls). VR-JIT trainees completed up to 10 hours of simulated job interviews and reviewed information and tips about job interviewing, while wait-list TAU controls received services as usual. Primary outcome measures included two pre-test and two post-test video-recorded role-play interviews scored by blinded human resource experts and self-reported interviewing self-confidence. Trainees attended 95% of lab-based VR-JIT sessions and found the intervention easy-to-use, helpful, and prepared them for future interviews. VR-JIT trainees demonstrated significantly greater improvement on role-play interviews compared with wait-list TAU controls (p=0.04) and demonstrated a large effect for within-subject change (Cohen's d=0.76). VR-JIT performance scores increased significantly over time (R-Squared=0.76). Although VR-JIT trainees showed a moderate effect for within-subject change on self-confidence (Cohen's d=0.58), the observed difference between conditions did not reach significance (p=0.09). Results provide preliminary support that VR-JIT is acceptable to trainees and may be efficacious for improving job interview skills and self-confidence in veterans with PTSD.

Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and early exit from paid employment in Europe; the impact of work-related factors.

PubMed

Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij, T A; Burdorf, A; Roos-Hesselink, J W; Hunink, M G M; Robroek, S J W

2016-07-15

The aims of the study were to examine (i) the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes and exit from paid employment via disability benefits, unemployment, early retirement or other exit routes; and (ii) the impact of work-related factors on exit from paid employment among individuals with CVD or diabetes. Respondents of the longitudinal Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were included if they were aged >50years, had paid employment at baseline, and a known employment status after 2 or 6years (n=5182). A baseline-interview provided information on the presence of diagnosed CVD and diabetes, and physical and psychosocial work-related factors. During follow-up interviews information on work status was collected. Multinomial regression analyses were used to investigate the association between CVD, diabetes and exit from paid employment, and the impact of work-related factors. Workers with CVD or diabetes had significantly increased probabilities of disability benefits (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.69-3.70) and early retirement (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.74), but a comparable probability of unemployment (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.71-1.71). Regarding disability benefits, individuals who had a stroke had the highest probability (OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.31-9.23). Perceived high job demands with low rewards or with low control at work further increased the probability of early exit among individuals with CVD or diabetes. Our study shows a prominent role of CVD and diabetes in premature losses to the workforce, and it shows that optimizing psychosocial work-related factors could be beneficial in people with CVD or diabetes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

“In their perception we are addicts”: Social vulnerabilities and sources of support for men released from drug treatment centers in Vietnam

PubMed Central

Tomori, Cecilia; Go, Vivian F.; Tuan, Le Nhan; Huong, Nguyen Mai; Binh, Nguyen Thanh; Zelaya, Carla E.; Celentano, David D.; Dat, Do Tuan; Quan, Vu Minh

2014-01-01

Background Amid the global transition to treat opioid addiction as an illness, many people who inject drugs (PWID) face heterogeneous legal environments that include both punitive and harm reduction measures. In Vietnam, many PWID, who have a high burden of HIV, are sent to drug treatment centers, or “06 centers”, for compulsory detoxification, vocational training, and labor for up to four years. This study investigates the challenges and facilitators of reentry into community and family life among men who are released from “06 centers” and provides insights and recommendations for developing policies and interventions that address special needs of this vulnerable population. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted in 2011 by trained interviewers among a sample of 43 male PWID released within the past 2 years from “06 centers” in Hanoi, Vietnam to investigate the above issues and to recommend potential interventions. Participants were recruited from outpatient HIV clinics that serve PWID (n=22) and through peer referral from self-help groups for PWID (n=21). Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, translated, entered into Atlas. TI qualitative data analysis software and analyzed for key themes. Results The interviews revealed persistent drug-related stigmatization, frequently paired with HIV-related stigmatization and discrimination, which hindered employment, increased participants’ social isolation and exacerbated their struggles with addiction. Families were participants’ primary source of financial, employment, and emotional support, but addiction-related family tensions also had negative psychological effects. Participants identified methadone maintenance treatment as an effective means of overcoming addiction, yet few could fully benefit from this treatment due to its limited availability. Conclusion Our study suggests that PWID released from “06 centers” would greatly benefit from the scale-up of community-based harm reduction measures that include addiction and HIV treatment, coupled with employment-support and family-centered mental health services. PMID:24857185

"In their perception we are addicts": social vulnerabilities and sources of support for men released from drug treatment centers in Vietnam.

PubMed

Tomori, Cecilia; Go, Vivian F; Tuan, Le Nhan; Huong, Nguyen Mai; Binh, Nguyen Thanh; Zelaya, Carla E; Celentano, David D; Dat, Do Tuan; Quan, Vu Minh

2014-09-01

Amid the global transition to treat opioid addiction as an illness, many people who inject drugs (PWID) face heterogeneous legal environments that include both punitive and harm reduction measures. In Vietnam, many PWID, who have a high burden of HIV, are sent to drug treatment centers, or "06 centers", for compulsory detoxification, vocational training, and labor for up to four years. This study investigates the challenges and facilitators of reentry into community and family life among men who are released from "06 centers" and provides insights and recommendations for developing policies and interventions that address special needs of this vulnerable population. In-depth interviews were conducted in 2011 by trained interviewers among a sample of 43 male PWID released within the past 2 years from "06 centers" in Hanoi, Vietnam to investigate the above issues and to recommend potential interventions. Participants were recruited from outpatient HIV clinics that serve PWID (n=22) and through peer referral from self-help groups for PWID (n=21). Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, translated, entered into Atlas.TI qualitative data analysis software and analyzed for key themes. The interviews revealed persistent drug-related stigmatization, frequently paired with HIV-related stigmatization and discrimination, which hindered employment, increased participants' social isolation and exacerbated their struggles with addiction. Families were participants' primary source of financial, employment, and emotional support, but addiction-related family tensions also had negative psychological effects. Participants identified methadone maintenance treatment as an effective means of overcoming addiction, yet few could fully benefit from this treatment due to its limited availability. Our study suggests that PWID released from "06 centers" would greatly benefit from the scale-up of community-based harm reduction measures that include addiction and HIV treatment, coupled with employment-support and family centered mental health services. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The concept of `work ability' from the view point of employers.

PubMed

Jansson, Inger; Björklund, Anita; Perseius, Kent-Inge; Gunnarsson, A Birgitta

2015-01-01

Since work ability is manifested in working life and ``bought'' by employers, employers perceptions of the concept are important to understand. Studies have shown that people with health problems want to take part in the labour market, but experience difficulties in gaining access. Additionally, studies have demonstrated the doubt felt by employers when they consider hiring a person with a disability. The aim was to identify and characterise employers' conceptions of work ability. The study design was qualitative with a phenomenographic approach. Six male and six female employers from various workplaces and geographical areas in Sweden were interviewed. Three domains were identified: employees' contributions to work ability, employers' contributions to work ability and circumstances with limited work ability. Work ability was regarded as a tool in production and its output, production, was the main issue. The employees' commitment and interest could bridge other shortcomings. The employers highlighted their own contributions in shaping work ability in order to fit with work circumstances. Health problems were not the only limiting issues; other circumstances, such as individual characteristics and contextual factors, could limit work ability too. Knowing the importance of commitment and interest is valuable in work rehabilitation.

Pre-registration paid employment choice: the views of newly qualified nurses.

PubMed

Phillips, Craig; Kenny, Amanda; Smith, Colleen; Esterman, Adrian

2012-01-01

In Australia, nurse education was transferred from hospital based nursing schools to the higher education sector. This transfer resulted in a change for students, from hospital employee to an unpaid, supernumerary role during professional placements. The majority of undergraduate nursing students now combine part time employment with their studies, working mainly within health settings or service sectors such as hospitality and retail. The aims of this study were to identify if newly qualified registered nurses engaged in paid employment during their final year of undergraduate studies, the types of employment they chose, reasons for that choice, skills acquired and their views on any link between employment choice and transition to practice. Focus group interviews involving sixty seven new graduates were conducted. From the data, four organising themes were identified; financial independence and autonomy, confidence and experience, future opportunity and ease of transition. The global theme maximising opportunity describes nurse's views about their decisions on student employment. Participants had differing views on employment choice and transition to practice. Further research is needed in the area to identify whether there is any link between student employment choice and transition to practice. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Older kidney transplantation candidates' expectations of improvement in life and health following kidney transplantation: semistructured interviews with enlisted dialysis patients aged 65 years and older.

PubMed

Lønning, Kjersti; Midtvedt, Karsten; Heldal, Kristian; Andersen, Marit Helen

2018-06-22

The aim was to study the expectations of improvement in life and health following kidney transplantation (KTx) in a population of wait-listed patients ≥65 years with end-stage kidney disease. Qualitative research with individual in-depth interviews. Patients on dialysis enlisted for a KTx from a deceased donor were included from an ongoing study of older patients' perspectives on KTx. Qualitative face-to-face interviews were conducted in a safe and familiar setting, and were analysed thematically using the theoretical framework of lifespan. Fifteen patients (median age 70 years, range 65-82) from all parts of Norway were interviewed. Informants were included consecutively until no new information was gained. Two main themes were evident: receiving a kidney is getting life back and grasp the chance. In addition, the themes 'hard to loose capacity and strength', 'reduced freedom' and 'life on hold' described the actual situation and thereby illuminated the informants' expectations. The informants tried to balance positive expectations and realism towards KTx, and they were hoping to become free from dialysis and to live a normal life. This study shows that older KTx candidates comprise a heterogeneous group of patients who take individual approaches that allow them to maintain autonomy and control while waiting for a transplant. This study provides new knowledge about the older KTx candidates relevant for clinicians, patients and researchers. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Examining Racial Microaggressions in Rehabilitation Counselor Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cartwright, Brenda Y.; Washington, Robin D.; McConnell, L. Robert

2009-01-01

This research extends the Constantine et al. (2008) study which identified racial microaggressions against Black faculty working in counseling and counseling psychology programs. Semi-structured interviews and qualitative analyses were used to: (1) ascertain the existence of racial microaggressions among African American faculty employed in…

78 FR 35038 - Proposed Information Collection Activity; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-11

..., reliable, and transparent method for identifying high-quality programs that can receive continuing five... the system is working. The study will employ a mixed-methods design that integrates and layers administrative and secondary data sources, observational measures, and interviews to develop a rich knowledge...

Broadcast Journalism Education and the Capstone Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tanner, Andrea; Forde, Kathy Roberts; Besley, John C.; Weir, Tom

2012-01-01

This study assesses the current state of the television news capstone experience in accredited journalism and mass communication programs in the United States. Specifically, the authors employed a mixed-methods approach, interviewing 20 television news capstone instructors and conducting an analysis of broadcast journalism curriculum information…

"I've never been able to stay in a job": A qualitative study of Veterans' experiences of maintaining employment.

PubMed

Harrod, Molly; Miller, Erin M; Henry, Jennifer; Zivin, Kara

2017-01-01

Ensuring Veteran employment needs are met is a top priority for the Department of Veteran Affairs and the United States government. However, Veterans, especially those with mental health disorders, continue to encounter difficulties when employed. While many employment related programs offer numerous services aimed at helping Veterans gain employment, their ability to maintain long-term employment remains unknown. The objective of this study was to understand factors that affect the ability of Veterans with mental health disorders to maintain long-term employment. An exploratory, qualitative study design consisting of semi-structured interviews with 10 Veterans was performed. Inductive thematic analysis was performed to identify salient themes. We found that participants' symptoms manifested themselves within the workplace affecting their ability to maintain employment, participants felt as if they had been demoted from what they did in the military, and they felt unable to relate to civilian co-workers. Strategies that helped some transition into the civilian workforce were also identified. A better understanding of the difficulties some Veterans face when trying to maintain employment is needed. Our findings suggest that increasing awareness of existing programs and ensuring that services provide resources and skills that help Veterans maintain long-term employment is critical.

Evaluation of the Course of the Flight Simulators from the Perspective of Students and University Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaysi, Feyzi; Bavli, Bünyamin; Gürol, Aysun

2016-01-01

The study evaluates the flight simulators course which was opened to fulfill the intermediate staff need of the sector. To collect data, Qualitative techniques were applied. Within this scope, the case study method was employed in the study. The study group consisted of students and instructors. In-depth and focus group interviews were conducted…

The Relevance of English Language Instruction in a Changing Linguistic Environment in Iceland: The L2 Self of Young Icelanders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jeeves, Anna

2014-01-01

In this study perceptions of post-compulsory school studies in Iceland were investigated through semi-structured interviews. While colloquial English suffices for entertainment, hobbies and Internet use in Iceland, a high level of proficiency is required for employment and tertiary study. School learners and young people in tertiary study and…

Relocating Two-Earner Couples: What Companies Are Doing. Research Bulletin No. 247.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Arlene A.

Forty employer organizations granted interviews to discuss the status of their spouse employment assistance programs, motivation for the programs, and implementation experiences. Representatives of 21 relocation consulting and research organizations supplied information on the rationale for the services they offer, ways employers use their…

EU Employment and Social Policy, 1999-2001: Jobs, Cohesion, Productivity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commission of the European Communities, Brussels (Belgium). Directorate-General for Employment and Social Affairs.

This document examines employment and social policy in the European Union in 1999-2001. The document begins with an interview with Anna Diamantopoulou, the European Union's commissioner for employment and social affairs and the paper "Balancing Jobs, Cohesion, and Productivity" by Odile Quintin, the European Union's director-general for…

The Problem with Numbers: An Examination of the Aboriginal Skills and Employment Partnership Programme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodgkins, Andrew P.

2015-01-01

This article examines a federally funded pre-apprenticeship training programme designed to transition aboriginal northerners living in the Canadian Arctic into trades-related employment. Drawing from interviews involving programme partners and stakeholders, the Aboriginal Skills and Employment Partnership programme that operated in the Beaufort…

Employer Demands from Business Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMurray, Stephen; Dutton, Matthew; McQuaid, Ronald; Richard, Alec

2016-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to report on research carried out with employers to determine demand for business and management skills in the Scottish workforce. Design/methodology/approach: The research used a questionnaire in which employers were interviewed (either telephone or face to face), completed themselves and returned by e-mail,…

What incentives influence employers to engage in workplace health interventions?

PubMed

Martinsson, Camilla; Lohela-Karlsson, Malin; Kwak, Lydia; Bergström, Gunnar; Hellman, Therese

2016-08-23

To achieve a sustainable working life it is important to know more about what could encourage employers to increase the use of preventive and health promotive interventions. The objective of the study is to explore and describe the employer perspective regarding what incentives influence their use of preventive and health promotive workplace interventions. Semi-structured focus group interviews were carried out with 20 representatives from 19 employers across Sweden. The economic sectors represented were municipalities, government agencies, defence, educational, research, and development institutions, health care, manufacturing, agriculture and commercial services. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data were analysed using latent content analysis. Various incentives were identified in the analysis, namely: "law and provisions", "consequences for the workplace", "knowledge of worker health and workplace health interventions", "characteristics of the intervention", "communication and collaboration with the provider". The incentives seemed to influence the decision-making in parallel with each other and were not only related to positive incentives for engaging in workplace health interventions, but also to disincentives. This study suggests that the decision to engage in workplace health interventions was influenced by several incentives. There are those incentives that lead to a desire to engage in a workplace health intervention, others pertain to aspects more related to the intervention use, such as the characteristics of the employer, the provider and the intervention. It is important to take all incentives into consideration when trying to understand the decision-making process for workplace health interventions and to bridge the gap between what is produced through research and what is used in practice.

Homosexuality in Turkey: strategies for managing heterosexism.

PubMed

Bakacak, Ayça Gelgeç; Oktem, Pinar

2014-01-01

The goal of this study was to identify the strategies used by young homosexuals to manage their sexual minority status in Turkey. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 self-identified homosexual university students. The data on the strategies employed by homosexuals suggested a categorization of these strategies into four interrelated areas: strategies employed in the process of self-acceptance; strategies to manage sexual stigma and prejudice; strategies specific to the coming-out process; and the strategies used while openly expressing their sexual identities.

38 CFR 21.6054 - Criteria for determining good employment potential.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Stabilization of medical conditions or substance abuse problems. (6) Participation in therapeutic work programs... good potential for achieving employment does not exist, a personal interview will be scheduled, and the...

76 FR 21749 - Proposed Information Collection Activity; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-18

... administrators of the Tribal HPOG program, workforce development and TANF agencies, public and private university... to the Employers interview will be local or regional employers at public or private companies or...

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN IN ALASKA, A COLLECTION OF DATA PERTAINING TO KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF HOME ECONOMICS AND HOW THESE CONTRIBUTE TO WAGE-EARNING OCCUPATIONS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BITTNER, ELLADEAN HAYS

INDIVIDUALS AND EMPLOYERS WERE INTERVIEWED IN 25 TOWNS AND VILLAGES DURING 1964-65 TO DETERMINE (1) EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN IN ALASKA, (2) PREVIOUS JOB TRAINING FOR WOMEN, (3) THE BEST METHODS OF TRAINING WOMEN FOR AVAILABLE EMPLOYMENT, (4) THE NEED FOR NEW EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, AND (5) POSSIBLE NEW TRAINING PROGRAMS. INFORMATION ON…

Determinants of non-urgent Emergency Department attendance among females in Qatar.

PubMed

Read, Jen'nan Ghazal; Varughese, Shinu; Cameron, Peter A

2014-01-01

The use of emergency department (ED) services for non-urgent conditions is well-studied in many Western countries but much less so in the Middle East and Gulf region. While the consequences are universal-a drain on ED resources and poor patient outcomes-the causes and solutions are likely to be region and country specific. Unique social and economic circumstances also create gender-specific motivations for patient attendance. Alleviating demand on ED services requires understanding these circumstances, as past studies have shown. We undertook this study to understand why female patients with low-acuity conditions choose the emergency department in Qatar over other healthcare options. Prospective study at Hamad General Hospital's (HGH) emergency department female "see-and-treat" unit that treats low-acuity cases. One hundred female patients were purposively recruited to participate in the study. Three trained physicians conducted semi-structured interviews with patients over a three-month period after they had been treated and given informed consent. The study found that motivations for ED attendance were systematically influenced by employment status as an expatriate worker. Forty percent of the sample had been directed to the ED by their employers, and the vast majority (89%) of this group cited employer preference as the primary reason for choosing the ED. The interviews revealed that a major obstacle to workers using alternative facilities was the lack of a government-issued health card, which is available to all citizens and residents at a nominal rate. Reducing the number of low-acuity cases in the emergency department at HGH will require interventions aimed at encouraging patients with non-urgent conditions to use alternative healthcare facilities. Potential interventions include policy changes that require employers to either provide workers with a health card or compel employees to acquire one for themselves.

An Interview with Roy A. Herberger.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmotter, James W.

1999-01-01

An interview with Roy A. Herberger, president of Thunderbird, the American Graduate School of International Management (Arizona), addresses the strategy behind the school's great success, its curriculum and program development, faculty composition, institutional culture, faculty-employment practices, curriculum globalization, competition,…

[Motivations and obstacles to occupational disease claims in lung cancer patients: an exploratory psychosocial study].

PubMed

Britel, Manon; Pérol, Olivia; Blois Da Conceiçao, Stéphanie; Ficty, Manon; Brunet, Houria; Avrillon, Virginie; Charbotel, Barbara; Fervers, Béatrice

2017-10-02

The proportion of lung cancers with an occupational origin has been estimated to be between 10 and 20%. They are largely under-reported, as 60% are not compensated as occupational disease. Although most patients are not familiar with the process of compensation, other factors could explain this under-reporting. The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial factors that could impact patients with occupational lung cancer to claim for compensation. We conducted a case study involving semi-structured interviews with eight lung cancer patients enrolled in a cohort designed to systematically screen occupational exposures and propose claims for compensation to work-related cancer patients. Seven interviewed patients were familiar with occupational cancers, but most of them did not believe that past exposure could be related to their current disease. Patients associated compensation claims with a long and complex procedure for an abstract purpose. Several patients expressed a certain attachment to their employers. Interviewed patients often considered compensation claims to be a grievance procedure against the employers whom they did not consider to be responsible for their disease. Lung cancer is itself an obstacle to compensation considering the aggressive treatments and related adverse events, the poor medium-term prognosis and the predominant role of smoking in the etiology of the disease. Patients mentioned the financial compensation and the role of healthcare professionals as key elements to motivate them to claim for compensation.

Experiences of participating in return-to-work group programmes for people with musculoskeletal disorders: A focus group study.

PubMed

Hamnes, Bente; Rønningen, Aud; Skarbø, Åse

2017-09-01

The present study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) who had participated in return-to-work group programmes (RTW-GPs) and to assess whether the programmes had had an impact on their work disability. Three focus group interviews and one individual interview were conducted involving 17 women (mean age = 47) with MSDs who had completed RTW-GPs. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analyses. Participant experiences were categorised into three main themes: changed way of thinking, the importance of being able to work, and a changed lifestyle. The respondents said that participation in the RTW-GPs had enabled them to shift their focus from problems to opportunities. They had become more aware of strategies to enhance their energy levels and continue working. Several participants had reduced their work hours to achieve a better balance between work and daily life. Many participants had also changed their lifestyle habits, which had led to weight reduction, more energy and less pain. The study participants had attained a heightened awareness of what they could do to continue working. Many participants had introduced changes in their daily lives, with consequences for employment, social life and lifestyle. The findings suggest that RTW-GPs can help people with MSDs to remain in employment and prevent absenteeism. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Brief Report: Telephone Administration of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised--Reliability and Suitability for Use in Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward-King, Jessica; Cohen, Ira L.; Penning, Henderika; Holden, Jeanette J. A.

2010-01-01

The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised is one of the "gold standard" diagnostic tools for autism spectrum disorders. It is traditionally administered face-to-face. Cost and geographical concerns constrain the employment of the ADI-R for large-scale research projects. The telephone interview is a reasonable alternative, but has not yet been…

Exploring Individual and Structural Factors Associated with Employment Among Young Transgender Women of Color Using a No-Cost Transgender Legal Resource Center

PubMed Central

Hill, Brandon J.; Rosentel, Kris; Bak, Trevor; Silverman, Michael; Crosby, Richard; Salazar, Laura; Kipke, Michele

2017-01-01

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore individual and structural factors associated with employment among young transgender women (TW) of color. Methods: Sixty-five trans women of color were recruited from the Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund to complete a 30-min interviewer-assisted survey assessing sociodemographics, housing, workplace discrimination, job-seeking self-efficacy, self-esteem, perceived public passability, and transactional sex work. Results: Logistic regression models revealed that stable housing (structural factor) and job-seeking self-efficacy (individual factor) were significantly associated with currently being employed. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need for multilevel approaches to assist TW of color gain employment. PMID:28795154

Benefits for employees with children with special needs: findings from the collaborative employee benefit study.

PubMed

Perrin, James M; Fluet, Christina F; Honberg, Lynda; Anderson, Betsy; Wells, Nora; Epstein, Susan; Allen, Deborah; Tobias, Carol; Kuhlthau, Karen A

2007-01-01

Approximately 13-15 percent of U.S. children have special health care needs. The demands of their caregiving can affect their parents' health and workplace performance. We interviewed forty-one U.S. employers and conducted focus groups with working parents in four U.S. cities to determine the extent to which employers understand the needs of these families and to identify opportunities for improving workplace benefits for these employees beyond health insurance. Employers saw value in improving workforce performance and employee retention through expanded benefits and indicated promising opportunities to improve their response to the needs of employees with children with chronic conditions.

Validation of social skills of adolescent males in an interview conversation with a previously unknown adult.

PubMed

Spence, S H

1981-01-01

Seventy convicted young male offenders were videotaped during a 5-min standardized interview with a previously unknown adult. In order to determine the social validity of the behavioral components of social interaction for this population, measures of 13 behaviors were obtained from the tapes. These measures were then correlated with ratings of friendliness, social anxiety, social skills performance, and employability made by four independent adult judges from the same tapes. It was found that measures of eye contact and verbal initiations were correlated significantly with all four criterion rating scales. The frequencies of smiling and speech dysfluencies were both significantly correlated with ratings of friendliness and employability. The amount spoken was found to be a significant predictor of social skills performance whereas the frequency of head movements influenced judgments of social anxiety. The latency of response was negatively correlated with social skills and employability ratings and the frequency of question-asking and interruptions correlated significantly with friendliness, social skills, and employability ratings. Finally, the levels of gestures, gross body movements, and attention feedback responses were not found to influence judgments on any of the criterion scales. The implications of the study for selection of targets for social skills training for adolescent male offenders are discussed.

Validation of social skills of adolescent males in an interview conversation with a previously unknown adult.

PubMed Central

Spence, S H

1981-01-01

Seventy convicted young male offenders were videotaped during a 5-min standardized interview with a previously unknown adult. In order to determine the social validity of the behavioral components of social interaction for this population, measures of 13 behaviors were obtained from the tapes. These measures were then correlated with ratings of friendliness, social anxiety, social skills performance, and employability made by four independent adult judges from the same tapes. It was found that measures of eye contact and verbal initiations were correlated significantly with all four criterion rating scales. The frequencies of smiling and speech dysfluencies were both significantly correlated with ratings of friendliness and employability. The amount spoken was found to be a significant predictor of social skills performance whereas the frequency of head movements influenced judgments of social anxiety. The latency of response was negatively correlated with social skills and employability ratings and the frequency of question-asking and interruptions correlated significantly with friendliness, social skills, and employability ratings. Finally, the levels of gestures, gross body movements, and attention feedback responses were not found to influence judgments on any of the criterion scales. The implications of the study for selection of targets for social skills training for adolescent male offenders are discussed. PMID:7287599

The economic benefit for family/general medicine practices employing physician assistants.

PubMed

Grzybicki, Dana M; Sullivan, Paul J; Oppy, J Miller; Bethke, Anne-Marie; Raab, Stephen S

2002-07-01

To measure the economic benefit of a family/general medicine physician assistant (PA) practice. Qualitative description of a model PA practice in a family/general medicine practice office setting, and comparison of the financial productivity of a PA practice with that of a non-PA (physician-only) practice. The study site was a family/general medicine practice office in southwestern Pennsylvania. The description of PA practice was obtained through direct observation and semistructured interviews during site visits in 1998. Comparison of site practice characteristics with published national statistics was performed to confirm the site's usefulness as a model practice. Data used for PA productivity analyses were obtained from site visits, interviews, office billing records, office appointment logs, and national organizations. The PA in the model practice had a same-task substitution ratio of 0.86 compared with the supervising physician. The PA was economically beneficial for the practice, with a compensation-to-production ratio of 0.36. Compared with a practice employing a full-time physician, the annual financial differential of a practice employing a full-time PA was $52,592. Sensitivity analyses illustrated the economic benefit of a PA practice in a variety of theoretical family/general medicine practice office settings. Family/general medicine PAs are of significant economic benefit to practices that employ them.

Access to leave benefits for primary caregivers of children with special health care needs: a double bind.

PubMed

Chung, Paul J; Garfield, Craig F; Elliott, Marc N; Vestal, Katherine D; Klein, David J; Schuster, Mark A

2013-01-01

Family leave benefits are a key tool that allow parents to miss work to care for their ill children. We examined whether access to benefits varies by level of childcare responsibilities among employed parents of children with special health care needs (CSHCN). We conducted telephone interviews with 3 successive cohorts of employed parents of CSHCN, randomly sampled from a California children's hospital. At Wave 1 (November 2003 to January 2004), we conducted 372 parent interviews. At Wave 2 (November 2005 to January 2006), we conducted 396 parent interviews. At Wave 3 (November 2007 to January 2008), we conducted 393 parent interviews. We pooled these samples for bivariate and multivariate regression analyses by using wave indicators and sample weights. Parents with more childcare responsibilities (primary caregivers) reported less access to sick leave/vacation (65% vs 82%, P < .001), access to paid leave outside of sick leave/vacation (41% vs 51%, P < .05), and eligibility for Family and Medical Leave Act benefits (28% vs 44%, P < .001) than secondary caregivers. Part-time employment and female gender largely explained 2 of the 3 associations between more childcare responsibilities and less access to leave benefits. Even in the context of part-time employment, however, primary caregivers were just as likely as secondary caregivers both to miss work due to their child's illness and to report being unable to miss work when they needed to. Due in part to employment and gender differences, leave benefits among parents of CSHCN are skewed away from primary caregivers and toward secondary caregivers. Thus, primary caregivers may face particularly difficult choices between employment and childcare responsibilities. Reducing this disparity in access to benefits may improve the circumstances of CSHCN and their families. Copyright © 2013 Academic Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Bilingual Idiosyncratic Dimensions of Language Attitudes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Santello, Marco

2015-01-01

The goal of this study is to identify new dimensions of language attitudes to allow for both their multidimensionality and possible language-specificity stemming from local sociolinguistic environments. Adopting a two-step methodology comprising (1) elicitation of adjectives in group interviews and (2) employment of the semantic differential…

Perceptions of Search Consultants of Qualities School Boards Seek in Superintendents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyons, James E.

1993-01-01

Summarizes a study to determine the qualities sought by school boards when employing superintendents, as perceived by superintendent search consultants. Highly desirable qualities included performance in previous positions, performance during the interview, evidence of leadership and managerial skills, communication skills, and experience and…

Career Practitioners' Conceptions of Social Media in Career Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kettunen, Jaana; Vuorinen, Raimo; Sampson, James P., Jr.

2013-01-01

This article reports the outcomes of a study, undertaken from a phenomenographic perspective, of career practitioners' conceptions of social media usage in career services. Fifteen Finnish career practitioners--representing comprehensive, secondary and higher education as well as public employment services--were interviewed in focus groups. The…

Why Leadership Matters: One School's Journey to Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ward, Cheryl James

2013-01-01

In the following study, the researcher, an experienced leadership coach and former principal, observed the leadership practices of a first-year principal over the course of one year as student achievement at his school increased dramatically. Employing participant observation, document analysis, interviewing, and administration of a teacher…

The Evolutionary Role of Interorganizational Communication: Modeling Social Capital in Disaster Contexts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doerfel, Marya L.; Lai, Chih-Hui; Chewning, Lisa V.

2010-01-01

Employing a community ecology perspective, this study examines how interorganizational (IO) communication and social capital (SC) facilitated organizational recovery after Hurricane Katrina. In-depth interviews with 56 New Orleans organizations enabled longitudinal analysis and a grounded theory model that illustrates how communication…

Qualifications and Skills: The Organisational Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dafou, Efthimia

2009-01-01

This paper portrays the inferences that employers in Greece draw from particular aspects of study programmes, as recorded on educational qualifications. Based on semi-structured interviews with human resource managers in 37 industrial and service organisations and general directors of careers offices in eight higher education institutions, and…

Organisational Learning through International M&A Integration Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holland, Wayne; Salama, Alzira

2010-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to explore the learning process associated with international mergers and acquisitions (M&A) integration strategies. Design/methodology/approach: The paper employs a comparative case study methodology, utilising qualitative data through in-depth interviews with top management responsible for…

Plastics & Composites Technology Needs Assessment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oakland Community Coll., Farmington, MI. Office of Institutional Planning and Analysis.

In 1991, a study was conducted by Oakland Community College (OCC) to evaluate the need for a proposed plastics and composites technology program for design engineers. General information was obtained through a literature search, from the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., the Michigan Employment Security Commission, and interviews with…

Considerations for conducting qualitative research with pediatric patients for the purpose of PRO development.

PubMed

Patel, Zabin S; Jensen, Sally E; Lai, Jin-Shei

2016-09-01

To provide an overview of methodological considerations when conducting qualitative research with pediatric patients for the purpose of patient-reported outcome measure development A literature review of qualitative methods in pediatric measure development was completed. Eight clinicians providing care to pediatric patients were interviewed for their expert input. Thematic analysis of the literature and clinician interviews was used to identify themes for consideration. Findings from the literature and expert interviews emphasized the way in which cognitive, linguistic, and social developmental factors affect pediatric patients' understanding of their condition and ability to communicate about their experiences in an interview. There was consensus among the experts that traditional semi-structured interviews with children younger than eight lack characteristics necessary to yield meaningful information about condition and symptom report because they may fail to capture children's understanding and awareness of their condition and may limit their ability to express themselves comfortably. Our findings include recommended strategies to optimize data collected in qualitative interviews with pediatric patients, including modifications to the interview process to establish rapport, construction of interview questions to ensure they are developmentally appropriate, and the use of supplementary techniques to facilitate communication. When employing qualitative methods in pediatric measure development, interview guides, methods, and length require careful tailoring to ensure the child's perspectives are captured. This may be best achieved through research performed with narrow age bands that employs flexibility in methods to allow children a comfortable way in which to communicate about their experiences.

Employment Recruitment and Advertising Survey with Analysis: Part Two.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fleischmann, John; Olson, Ann V.

1986-01-01

Data resulting from a survey of institutional policies and practices for employee recruiting and interviewing and for job advertising are reported for public and private institutions with centralized and decentralized employment services. (MSE)

What Do Recruiters Consider Important during the Employment Interview?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atkins, Carolyn P.; Kent, Robert L.

1988-01-01

Examined recruiters' attitudes regarding various hiring characteristics (communication, job selection, appearance) and their impact during initial campus interviews. Questionnaires were completed by 95 recruiters visiting West Virginia University and representing business/industry, hospitals/clinics, and public education. Results revealed that…

What Does a Physics Undergraduate Education Give You? A Perspective from Australian Physics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharma, Manjula; Pollard, Judith; Mendez, Alberto; Mills, David; O'Byrne, John; Scott, Dale; Hagon, Sue; Gribble, Joan; Kirkup, Les; Livett, Michelle; Low, David; Merchant, Alex; Rayner, Anton; Swan, Geoff; Zadnik, Marjan; Zealey, Willam

2008-01-01

In a study to assess how effectively undergraduate physics studies have prepared students for the workplace, we attempted to locate and interview traditional 3-year or 4-year physics students who had graduated in the past five years (2000 to 2004), and the employers of these graduates. The study was limited to recent graduates who have majored in…

Changing Occupational Profiles in the Hotel Industry: Case Studies in France, Italy and Spain. Synthesis Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gatti, Mario; Grazia Mereu, Maria; Tagliaferro, Claudio

Changing occupational profiles in the hotel industry in France, Italy, and Spain were examined in case studies that included interviews with hotel managers, human resource managers, and individuals employed in hotel occupations identified as new or entailing new skills. The study focused on the following topics: (1) changes in the hotel industry…

Teaching about Race in a Multicultural Setting: Culturally Relevant Pedagogy and the U.S. History Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martell, Christopher C.

2014-01-01

In this interpretative case study, the researcher examined the beliefs and practices of three social studies teachers related to their teaching of race in U.S. history at a racially and ethnically diverse urban high school. Using the theory of culturally relevant pedagogy as a lens, this study employed mixed methods, analyzing teacher interviews,…

Effective Home-School Partnership: Some Strategies to Help Strengthen Parental Involvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okeke, Chinedu I.

2014-01-01

The primary aim of the study from which this paper derives was to investigate the level of parental involvement in the schooling of their children. The study employed a descriptive case study research design. All data were based on unstructured interviews with the 30 parents whose children attended one of the primary schools located in the London…

Higher Education and Employability: A Case Study of Debt and Justice in the Process to Becoming A Work College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bolger, Andrew T.

2017-01-01

This study presents the findings that emerged in a qualitative policy-oriented case study of an institution's transition to a work college. Using Resource Dependence Theory as the theoretical framework, 32 individual interviews were collected, along with other observational data and institutional archives to understand the appeal of federal policy…

The Current State of Arts Education in Iran: A Case Study in Two Elementary Schools Using Educational Criticism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nouri, Ali; Farsi, Soheila

2018-01-01

The central aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the recently revised elementary curriculum for arts education in Iran. The study employed an educational criticism method and was conducted in two elementary schools. Data were collected by observation, semi-structured interviews and curriculum documents over a four-month period.…

Whiteness in the Social Studies Classroom: Students' Conceptions of Race and Ethnicity in United States History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martell, Christopher C.

2013-01-01

In this study, the researcher examined student conceptions of "Whiteness" as it relates to past and present U.S. history. Using Critical Race Theory as the lens, this study employed mixed methods, analyzing teacher observations, classroom artifacts/student work, survey, and interview data from White students and students of color at an…

Contribution of the voluntary sector to mental health crisis care in England: protocol for a multimethod study.

PubMed

Newbigging, Karen; Mohan, John; Rees, James; Harlock, Jenny; Davis, Alex

2017-11-08

Timely access to the right kind of support for people experiencing a mental health crisis can be problematic. The voluntary sector (VS) plays a key role in providing support and enabling access, but there is a knowledge gap concerning its contribution and interface with public services in mental health crisis care. This study aims to address this. The study has three empirical elements: (1) a national survey of voluntary sector organisations (VSOs) in England and national stakeholder interviews to develop a typology of organisations and interventions provided by VSOs; (2) detailed mapping of VS services in two regions through interviews and extending the national survey; (3) four case studies, identified from the regional mapping, of VS mental health crisis services and their interface with National Health Service (NHS) and local authority services, at both a system and individual level. Data collection will involve interviews with commissioners; VSO and NHS or local authority providers; and focus groups with people who have experience of VSO crisis support, both service users and carers; and mapping the crisis trajectory of 10 service users in each study site through narrative interviews with service users and informal carers to understand the experience of VSO crisis care and its impact. The University of Birmingham Humanities and Social Sciences Ethical Review Committee granted ethical approval (reference ERN_16-1183) for the national and regional elements of the study. Ethical review by the Health Research Authority will be required for the case study research once the sites have been identified from the first two elements of the study. A range of methods including a policy seminar, publication in academic journals and a tool kit for commissioners and practitioners will be produced to maximise the impact of the findings on policy and practice. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Seeking a balance between employment and the care of an ageing parent.

PubMed

Eldh, Ann Catrine; Carlsson, Eva

2011-06-01

A growing number of middle-aged people are engaged in informal care of their parents while employed. To provide support as employers, co-workers or staff, health care professionals need insight into the experiences of people managing these responsibilities. To elucidate the experience of providing informal care to an ageing parent while managing the responsibilities of a working life. Narrative interviews were performed with 11 persons with experience of the phenomenon. Transcribed interviews were analysed with phenomenological hermeneutics. Informed consent was given prior to the interviews. The study was approved by a research ethics committee. Providing informal care to an ageing parent while also pursuing a working life implies seeking balance: a balance between providing support to the parent's needs and one's responsibilities at work. Being employed supports this balance as it provides both fulfilment and refuge. Being capable of managing both roles grants a sense of satisfaction, supporting one's sense of balance in life. The balance can be supported by sharing the responsibility of caring for the ageing parent with others. Despite perceived saturation and an effort to provide for the possibility to consider internal consistency, the findings should be considered as a contribution to the understanding of the phenomenon, as experienced by individuals in their life world. It is essential to recognise the impact that providing care for an ageing parent may have on the lives of a growing number of people, particularly if they have employment responsibilities. Acknowledgement by others supports one's ability to attain balance; as co-workers and managers, we can acknowledge the efforts of an informal caregiver and as health care staff recognise the valuable contribution made by people in mid-life who provide informal care for their ageing parents. © 2010 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences © 2010 Nordic College of Caring Science.

The employment environment for youth in rural South Africa: A mixed-methods study

PubMed Central

Wilkinson, Andra; Pettifor, Audrey; Rosenberg, Molly; Halpern, Carolyn; Thirumurthy, Harsha; Collinson, Mark A.; Kahn, Kathleen

2016-01-01

South Africa has high youth unemployment. This paper examines the predictors of youth employment in rural Agincourt, Mpumalanga Province. A survey of 187 out-of-school 18–24 year olds found only 12% of women and 38% of men were currently employed. Men with skills/training were significantly more likely to report employment, mostly physical labour (aOR: 4.5; CI: 1.3, 15.3). In-depth interviews with 14 of the youth revealed women are perceived more suitable for formal employment, which is scarce informing why women were more likely to pursue further education and yet less likely to be employed. Ten key informants from local organisations highlighted numerous local youth employment resources while, in contrast, all youth in the sample said no resources were available, highlighting a need for the organisations to extend their services into rural areas. As these services are focused on entrepreneurship, programs to increase financial literacy and formal employment opportunities are also needed. PMID:28190915

The employment environment for youth in rural South Africa: A mixed-methods study.

PubMed

Wilkinson, Andra; Pettifor, Audrey; Rosenberg, Molly; Halpern, Carolyn; Thirumurthy, Harsha; Collinson, Mark A; Kahn, Kathleen

2017-01-01

South Africa has high youth unemployment. This paper examines the predictors of youth employment in rural Agincourt, Mpumalanga Province. A survey of 187 out-of-school 18-24 year olds found only 12% of women and 38% of men were currently employed. Men with skills/training were significantly more likely to report employment, mostly physical labour (aOR: 4.5; CI: 1.3, 15.3). In-depth interviews with 14 of the youth revealed women are perceived more suitable for formal employment, which is scarce informing why women were more likely to pursue further education and yet less likely to be employed. Ten key informants from local organisations highlighted numerous local youth employment resources while, in contrast, all youth in the sample said no resources were available, highlighting a need for the organisations to extend their services into rural areas. As these services are focused on entrepreneurship, programs to increase financial literacy and formal employment opportunities are also needed.

Anomaly as Exemplar: The Meanings of Role-Modeling for Men Elementary Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allan, Jim

This study looked at male elementary school teachers and the role modeling component of their work in an effort to understand why the profession continues to be dominated by women. The study gathered data through guided collaborative interviews between the Fall of 1989 and December 1991 with 15 men currently employed as elementary teachers in…

Returning to Study in Higher Education in Ghana: Experiences of Mature Undergraduate Women

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adu-Yeboah, Christine; Forde, Linda Dzama

2011-01-01

This study was based on the assumption that in Ghana, women who return late to higher education combine domestic and academic work and, in the process, experience tensions and difficulties in the face of cultural and academic prejudice. It employed an interpretive qualitative research approach via narrative interviews with eight mature…

The Role of Peer-Assisted Learning in Building Evaluative Judgement: Opportunities in Clinical Medical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tai, Joanna Hong-Meng; Canny, Benedict J.; Haines, Terry P.; Molloy, Elizabeth K.

2016-01-01

This study explored the contribution of peer-assisted learning (PAL) in the development of evaluative judgement capacity; the ability to understand work quality and apply those standards to appraising performance. The study employed a mixed methods approach, collecting self-reported survey data, observations of, and reflective interviews with, the…

Investigation of High School Students' Online Science Information Searching Performance: The Role of Implicit and Explicit Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tsai, Meng-Jung; Hsu, Chung-Yuan; Tsai, Chin-Chung

2012-01-01

Due to a growing trend of exploring scientific knowledge on the Web, a number of studies have been conducted to highlight examination of students' online searching strategies. The investigation of online searching generally employs methods including a survey, interview, screen-capturing, or transactional logs. The present study firstly intended to…

The Status of Physics 12 in BC: Reflections from UBC Science Teacher Candidates.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nashon, Samson Madera

As part of attempts to find out why few high school science students take Physics 12, this case study sought University of British Columbia (UBC) science teacher educators' perspectives on the topic. A survey method employing questionnaires and interviews as part of the study was used to elicit science teacher candidates' perspectives. Forty-five…

Grade 1 to 6 Thai Students' Existing Ideas about Energy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yuenyong, Chokchai; Yuenyong, Jirakarn

2007-01-01

This study explored 30 Grade 1 to 6 (6-12 years old) Thai students' existing ideas about energy. The study employed the Interview about Event (IAE) approach. During IAE, the cards of an event or things were showed to students in order to probe their views of energy concepts. Findings indicated that young students held various alternative…

Expectations and Integration of Early Career Academics into the Teaching Career: Empirical Evidence from Ghana

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabi, Goski; Abdulai, Munkaila

2016-01-01

The preparation and induction of Early Career Academics (ECAs) in Ghana has been investigated using a qualitative study that employed an enumerative-ethnographic approach. The study combined reviews of policy documents, interviews of 50 Deans and Heads of Departments and surveys of ECAs in five purposively selected universities in Ghana to capture…

Teachers' Perceptions of Policy Influences on Science Instruction with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Elementary Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaver, Annis; Cuevas, Peggy; Lee, Okhee; Avalos, Mary

2007-01-01

This study asked elementary school teachers how educational policies affected their science instruction with a majority of English language learners. The study employed a questionnaire followed by focus group interviews with 43 third and fourth grade teachers from six elementary schools in a large urban school district with high populations of…

The Transition Process for Adolescents with Learning Disabilities: Perspectives of Five Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullarton, Stephanie; Duquette, Cheryll

2015-01-01

This qualitative study examines, from the perspective of the families, the transition process to employment or postsecondary education for adolescents with learning disabilities (LDs) and the interplay of the roles of parents, students with LDs, and teachers. Using a case study design, series of three in-depth interviews were conducted with five…

The Early Careers of Non-College-Bound Men.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grogger, Jeff

Data drawn from the Sophomore Cohort of the High School and Beyond study, also known as the Class of 1982 data, were studied to provide baseline data on the early careers of noncollege-bound (NCB) men. The analysis used data primarily from two post-high school interviews in 1984 and 1986. This report also focuses on restaurant employment, an…

Follow-Up Study of 1983 Legal Technology Graduates. Volume 12, No. 14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hildebrandt, Sharrie; Lucas, John A.

A follow-up study was conducted at William Rainey Harper College (WRHC) to determine the employment and educational status of graduates of the Legal Technology (LTE) program 6 months after receiving their degree. Attempts were made to contact all 59 1983 LTE graduates for telephone interviews and compare their responses to findings from previous…

A Globetrotting Pilgrimage: An Exploration of Spiritual Growth and the Development of Intercultural Competence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eifert, Angela Lynn

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between spiritual growth and the development of intercultural competence through the experiences of followers of Christ working in least developed countries. To address this purpose, a qualitative study using narrative inquiry and in-depth semi structured interviews were employed to…

An Exploration of Transformational Learning in Adults as a Result of Adventure Travel Experiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Michael

2013-01-01

The purpose of this exploratory qualitative research study was to identify the elements of adventure travel experiences that contribute to the process of transformational learning in adults. A qualitative research design was employed for this study. The sources of data were twelve pre-existing and de-identified interview transcriptions. A textual…

A Study of Occupational Opportunities for Chicago's Youth. Final Project Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Alliance of Business, Chicago, IL. Midwest Regional Office.

A study was conducted to gather information for the development of a quid-pro-quo agreement between the business community and Chicago high schools. The agreement would provide for the exchange of commitments to school improvement for increased hiring. On-site personal interviews were conducted with 149 local employers/companies in 27 industries.…

Education for Sustainable Development: Liberation or Indoctrination? An Assessment of Faculty Members' Attitudes and Classroom Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Qablan, Ahmad Mohammad; Al-Ruz, Jamal Abu; Khasawneh, Samer; Al-Omari, Aieman

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and classroom practices of environmental science faculty members in Jordanian universities. Mix data collection methodology was employed to collect data in this study. In addition to the developed survey, several participants' interviews and classroom observations were conducted with…

Unsociability in Middle Childhood: Conceptualization, Assessment, and Associations with Socioemotional Functioning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coplan, Robert J.; Weeks, Murray

2010-01-01

The goal of this study was to explore the socioemotional adjustment of unsociable (versus shy) children in middle childhood. The participants in this study were 186 children aged 6-8 years (M[subscript age] = 7.59 years, SD = 0.31). Multisource assessment was employed, including maternal ratings, teacher ratings, and individual child interviews.…

Educational Achievement of Immigrant Adolescents in Spain: Do Gender and Region of Origin Matter?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vaquera, Elizabeth; Kao, Grace

2012-01-01

This study explores the educational achievement of immigrant youth in Spain employing data from 3 waves of the Longitudinal Study of Families and Childhood (Panel de Families i Infancia), a representative sample of children in Catalonia first interviewed at ages 13-16 in 2006 (N = 2,710). Results suggest consistent disadvantage in achievement…

Experiences of the Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy at a Public Hospital Peshawar Pakistan

PubMed Central

Habibullah, Gulzar; Gul, Raisa; Cassum, Shanaz; Elahi, Rehana

2018-01-01

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of female breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) in a public hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: This study employed a descriptive exploratory method. A purposive sample of 14 breast cancer women undergoing RT was selected for this study. Data were collected over the period of 5 months, using a semi-structured interview guide and conducting in-depth face-to-face interviews. These interviews were audio taped and transcribed by a bilingual transcriber. The translated version of the interview was coded, and the analysis was done manually. Results: Four main categories emerged from data analysis, which were: feelings and perceptions of the patients, their challenges, coping strategies, and teaching and informational needs. Conclusions: Women undergoing RT in this culture experience more intense psychological effects, as compared to the physical effects. Keeping in mind, the magnitude of the emotional stress experienced by the participants, recommendations for policy reforms, and training for female RT staff are suggested based on findings of this research. PMID:29607379

Employers' experience of employees with cancer: trajectories of complex communication.

PubMed

Tiedtke, C M; Dierckx de Casterlé, B; Frings-Dresen, M H W; De Boer, A G E M; Greidanus, M A; Tamminga, S J; De Rijk, A E

2017-10-01

Remaining in paid work is of great importance for cancer survivors, and employers play a crucial role in achieving this. Return to work (RTW) is best seen as a process. This study aims to provide insight into (1) Dutch employers' experiences with RTW of employees with cancer and (2) the employers' needs for support regarding this process. Thirty employer representatives of medium and large for-profit and non-profit organizations were interviewed to investigate their experiences and needs in relation to employees with cancer. A Grounded Theory approach was used. We revealed a trajectory of complex communication and decision-making during different stages, from the moment the employee disclosed that they had been diagnosed to the period after RTW, permanent disability, or the employee's passing away. Employers found this process demanding due to various dilemmas. Dealing with an unfavorable diagnosis and balancing both the employer's and the employee's interests were found to be challenging. Two types of approach to support RTW of employees with cancer were distinguished: (1) a business-oriented approach and (2) a care-oriented approach. Differences in approach were related to differences in organizational structure and employer and employee characteristics. Employers expressed a need for communication skills, information, and decision-making skills to support employees with cancer. The employers interviewed stated that dealing with an employee with cancer is demanding and that the extensive Dutch legislation on RTW did not offer all the support needed. We recommend providing them with easily accessible information on communication and leadership training to better support employees with cancer. • Supporting employers by training communication and decision-making skills and providing information on cancer will contribute to improving RTW support for employees with cancer. • Knowing that the employer will usually be empathic when an employee reveals that they have been diagnosed with cancer, and that the employer also experiences difficulties and dilemmas, might lower the threshold to discuss wishes regarding disclosure, communication, and work issues. • The interests of employer and employee in relation to RTW are interrelated; both have responsibility and a role to play, and are in need of support.

New Workers in the Banking Industry: A Minority Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corwin, R. David

To investigate the effects of the employment policies and practices of New York City banks upon minority employment, six banks were selected on the basis of their higher than average minority group employment. Nearly 200 interviews were conducted with bank personnel, including policy formulators, policy executors, and lower level personnel. These…

The Recruitment and Retention of People with Disabilities. Report 301.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dench, S.; And Others

A British survey of employers examined the recruitment and retention of people with disabilities (PWDs). Telephone interviews were conducted with two samples of employers: a random sample of 1,250 and a sample of 250 registered users of the Employment Service's "Disability Symbol," which sets a good practice standard for the employment…

Gatekeepers of a Profession? Employability as Capital in the Recruitment of Medical Interns

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindberg, Ola

2013-01-01

The present article concerns employability in physicians' professional practice. Drawing on interview data from recruiters at 21 Swedish hospitals with the most applicants for a medical internship, the article seeks to develop a theory of what constitutes an "employable medical intern". Using Pierre Bourdieu's concept of capital, two…

Pre-Employment Skills Training Module for Adult Male Inmates at Riker's Island Correctional Facility.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Janice K.

An instructional program called "Passport to a Job" provided prerelease training for inmates at Riker's Island Correctional Facility. The inmates were taught the important steps in preparing for employment; how to identify and cope with discriminatory employment; and how to demonstrate the interview techniques of opening the interview…

Employment and Employability: Expectations of Higher Education Responsiveness in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kruss, Glenda

2004-01-01

This paper explores the expectations of higher education responsiveness of key employer, education, and training constituencies in South Africa. Empirical data was gathered through a series of focus group and individual interviews, and analysed in terms of distinctions in the ideal relationship between education and the workplace. The paper…

American Poverty: The Role of Education, Training and Employment Strategies in the New Anti-Poverty Struggle.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation Forum, 1994

1994-01-01

This document, which is directed toward employment and training professionals analyzing/researching policies and issues in education, occupational training, work and welfare, and economic development, contains feature articles, commentary, interviews, and other information on the role of education, training, and employment strategies in reducing…

Whose Job Is It? Employers' Views on Welfare Reform. JCPR Working Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen, Greg; Shelton, Ellen; Stevens, Amy Bush; Nelson-Christinedaughter, Justine; Roy, Corinna; Heineman, June

A total of 130 Minnesota employers who had participated in local welfare-to-work partnerships with social service agencies and other community members were interviewed by telephone for their views on welfare reform. (This nonrandom sample was selected by partnership staff.) Differences among rural and urban/suburban employers were examined, and…

Assessing infection control practices to protect health care workers and patients in Malawi from nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PubMed

Flick, Robert J; Munthali, Adamson; Simon, Katherine; Hosseinipour, Mina; Kim, Maria H; Mlauzi, Lameck; Kazembe, Peter N; Ahmed, Saeed

2017-01-01

Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) in health settings threatens health care workers and people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Nosocomial transmission is reduced with implementation of infection control (IC) guidelines. The objective of this study is to describe implementation of TB IC measures in Malawi. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing anonymous health worker questionnaires, semi-structured interviews with facility managers, and direct observations at 17 facilities in central Malawi. Of 592 health care workers surveyed, 34% reported that all patients entering the facility were screened for cough and only 8% correctly named the four most common signs and symptoms of TB in adults. Of 33 managers interviewed, 7 (21%) and 1 (3%) provided the correct TB screening questions for use in adults and children, respectively. Of 592 health workers, only 2.4% had been screened for TB in the previous year. Most (90%) reported knowing their HIV status, 53% were tested at their facility of employment, and half reported they would feel comfortable receiving ART or TB treatment at their facility of employment. We conclude that screening is infrequently conducted and knowledge gaps may undercut its effectiveness. Further, health care workers do not routinely access TB and HIV diagnostic and treatment services at their facility of employment.

Statewide Continuing Education Needs Analysis of New Hampshire Business, Industry, and Service Organizations. Executive Summary and Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Tyson A.

New Hampshire employers, expecially large employers, see a significant need for continuing education for their employees, according to a survey of 16,000 business, industry, and service organizations in the state. Of the 1,883 employers (12%) who responded to the mailed questionnaire and the 68 employers who were interviewed, 84 percent would like…

Employment Barriers Among Welfare Recipients and Applicants With Chronically Ill Children

PubMed Central

Smith, Lauren A.; Romero, Diana; Wood, Pamela R.; Wampler, Nina S.; Chavkin, Wendy; Wise, Paul H.

2002-01-01

Objectives. This study evaluated the association of chronic child illness with parental employment among individuals who have had contact with the welfare system. Methods. Parents of children with chronic illnesses were interviewed. Results. Current and former welfare recipients and welfare applicants were more likely than those with no contact with the welfare system to report that their children’s illnesses adversely affected their employment. Logistic regression analyses showed that current and former receipt of welfare, pending welfare application, and high rates of child health care use were predictors of unemployment. Conclusions. Welfare recipients and applicants with chronically ill children face substantial barriers to employment, including high child health care use rates and missed work. The welfare reform reauthorization scheduled to occur later in 2002 should address the implications of chronic child illness for parental employment. PMID:12197972