Sample records for study lend support

  1. Knowledge Aid as Instrument of Regulation: World Bank's Non-Lending Higher Education Support for Ethiopia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Molla, Tebeje

    2014-01-01

    In the context of low-income countries, the role of donors in public policymaking is of great importance. Donors use a combination of lending and non-lending instruments as pathways of influence to shape policy directions in aid-recipient countries. This paper reports some findings from a doctoral study on the role of the World Bank in the recent…

  2. People-to-People Lending: The Emerging E-Commerce Transformation of a Financial Market

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Hui; Greiner, Martina; Aronson, Jay E.

    This paper provides an overview of the concept of people-to-people (P2P) lending, a relatively new e-commerce phenomenon that has the potential to radically change the structure of the loan segment of the financial industry. P2P lending creates a marketplace of individuals and a social fabric through which these individuals interact. It provides efficient information transfer, thus perhaps creating more perfect markets. P2P lending requires information systems support to make it function, and to provide a social network mechanism that may be crucial for its success. We discuss different P2P lending marketplace models, and how information systems support the creation and management of these new marketplaces, and how they support the individuals involved. We conclude by providing some important research questions and directions, and issues for which further investigation is called.

  3. Lending Video Game Consoles in an Academic Library

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Buller, Ryan

    2017-01-01

    This paper will outline the process and discussions undertaken at the University of Denver's University Libraries to implement a lending service providing video game consoles. Faculty and staff at the University Libraries decided to pursue the new lending service, though not a traditional library offering, to support the needs of a video game…

  4. 12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

  5. 12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

  6. 12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

  7. Direct Government Lending: The Bottom Line. A Critique of GAO's Report on Guaranteed Student Loans versus Direct Lending and Revised Savings Estimates.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Quick, Perry D.

    This report addresses the dollar savings described in the Government Accounting Office's (GAO) report supporting direct lending as opposed to the present guaranteed student loan program. The critique explains the changes in the GAO model assumptions and projections that are believed necessary to move from the original $4.8 billion savings to a…

  8. Bank ownership, lending, and local economic performance during the 2008–2009 financial crisis

    PubMed Central

    Coleman, Nicholas; Feler, Leo

    2017-01-01

    Although government banks are frequently associated with political capture and resource misallocation, they may be well-positioned during times of crisis to provide countercyclical support. Following the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008, Brazil’s government banks substantially increased lending. Localities in Brazil with a high share of government banks received more loans and experienced better employment outcomes relative to localities with a low share of government banks. While increased government bank lending mitigated an economic downturn, we find that this lending was politically targeted, inefficiently allocated, and reduced productivity growth. PMID:28936027

  9. Bank ownership, lending, and local economic performance during the 2008-2009 financial crisis.

    PubMed

    Coleman, Nicholas; Feler, Leo

    2015-04-01

    Although government banks are frequently associated with political capture and resource misallocation, they may be well-positioned during times of crisis to provide countercyclical support. Following the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008, Brazil's government banks substantially increased lending. Localities in Brazil with a high share of government banks received more loans and experienced better employment outcomes relative to localities with a low share of government banks. While increased government bank lending mitigated an economic downturn, we find that this lending was politically targeted, inefficiently allocated, and reduced productivity growth.

  10. Acculturative dissonance, ethnic identity, and youth violence.

    PubMed

    Le, Thao N; Stockdale, Gary

    2008-01-01

    Studies suggest that the process of acculturation for immigrant youth, particularly for second-generation youth, is significantly associated with delinquency and violence. This study explored the acculturation-violence link with respect to acculturative dissonance and ethnic identity. The results revealed in a sample of 329 Chinese, Cambodian, Mien/Laotian, and Vietnamese youth that acculturative dissonance was significantly predictive of serious violence, with full mediation through peer delinquency. Ethnic identity was not significantly associated with peer delinquency or serious violence. Although acculturative dissonance and ethnic identity accounted for a small percentage of variance in violence compared with peer delinquency, it cannot be discounted as trivial. Structural equation analyses provided support for both measurement and structural invariance across the four ethnic groups, lending support for cross-cultural comparisons. The results also lend support for the inclusion of cultural factors in youth violence prevention and intervention efforts. 2008 APA

  11. Study Skills.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Thomas, Anne

    1993-01-01

    Three developments lend support to the idea that schools must help teach study skills: (1) advances in cognitive psychology that suggest children are active learners; (2) society's concern for at-risk students; and (3) growing demands for improved student performance. There is evidence that systematic study skills instruction does improve academic…

  12. Parents' Responses to a Kindergarten-Classroom Lending-Library Component Designed to Support Shared Reading at Home

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Meyer, Lori E.; Ostrosky, Michaelene M.; Yu, SeonYeong; Favazza, Paddy C.; Mouzourou, Chryso; van Luling, Lisa; Park, Hyejin

    2016-01-01

    Teachers often recommend that families engage their children in shared book reading to support literacy learning at home. When teachers purposefully provide families with home literacy activities there are benefits for everyone involved. The purpose of this article is to report the findings of a study that examined parental participation and…

  13. Investigating the Effects of Exam Length on Performance and Cognitive Fatigue

    PubMed Central

    Jensen, Jamie L.; Berry, Dane A.; Kummer, Tyler A.

    2013-01-01

    This study examined the effects of exam length on student performance and cognitive fatigue in an undergraduate biology classroom. Exams tested higher order thinking skills. To test our hypothesis, we administered standard- and extended-length high-level exams to two populations of non-majors biology students. We gathered exam performance data between conditions as well as performance on the first and second half of exams within conditions. We showed that lengthier exams led to better performance on assessment items shared between conditions, possibly lending support to the spreading activation theory. It also led to greater performance on the final exam, lending support to the testing effect in creative problem solving. Lengthier exams did not result in lower performance due to fatiguing conditions, although students perceived subjective fatigue. Implications of these findings are discussed with respect to assessment practices. PMID:23950918

  14. Electronic Reserve--A Staff Development Opportunity.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smith, Robyn

    1997-01-01

    The Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Library's experience in developing an electronic reserve service is offered as a case study. Discussion includes the limited access service, technical components, academic community support, lending staff training, usage, copyright, and future scenarios and solutions. (AEF)

  15. Development, validation, and utility of an instrument to assess core competencies in the Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) program.

    PubMed

    Leff, Stephen S; Baum, Katherine T; Bevans, Katherine B; Blum, Nathan J

    2015-02-01

    To describe the development and psychometric evaluation of the Core Competency Measure (CCM), an instrument designed to assess professional competencies as defined by the Maternal Child Health Bureau (MCHB) and targeted by Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) programs. The CCM is a 44-item self-report measure comprised of six subscales to assess clinical, interdisciplinary, family-centered/cultural, community, research, and advocacy/policy competencies. The CCM was developed in an iterative fashion through participatory action research, and then nine cohorts of LEND trainees (N = 144) from 14 different disciplines completed the CCM during the first week of the training program. A 6-factor confirmatory factor analysis model was fit to data from the 44 original items. After three items were removed, the model adequately fit the data (comparative fit indices = .93, root mean error of approximation = .06) with all factor loadings exceeding .55. The measure was determined to be quite reliable as adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability were found for each subscale. The instrument's construct validity was supported by expected differences in self-rated competencies among fellows representing various disciplines, and the convergent validity was supported by the pattern of inter-correlations between subscale scores. The CCM appears to be a reliable and valid measure of MCHB core competencies for our sample of LEND trainees. It provides an assessment of key training areas addressed by the LEND program. Although the measure was developed within only one LEND Program, with additional research it has the potential to serve as a standardized tool to evaluate the strengths and limitations of MCHB training, both within and between programs.

  16. An Appraisal of the Irlen Technique of Correcting Reading Disorders Using Tinted Overlays and Tinted Lenses.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Solan, Harold A.

    1990-01-01

    The article reviews three studies (EC 600 064-066) evaluating the effectiveness of using Irlen tinted lenses or overlays with reading-disabled persons. It is concluded that carefully designed and controlled studies do not currently lend support to the Irlen hypothesis. (DB)

  17. Transforming LEND leadership training curriculum through the maternal and child health leadership competencies.

    PubMed

    Humphreys, Betsy P; Couse, Leslie J; Sonnenmeier, Rae M; Kurtz, Alan; Russell, Susan M; Antal, Peter

    2015-02-01

    The purpose of this article is to describe how the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Leadership Competencies (v 3.0) were used to examine and improve an MCH Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) training curriculum for New Hampshire and Maine. Over 15 % of the nation's children experience neurodevelopmental disabilities or special health care needs and estimates suggest 1 in every 68 children is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Across the Unites States critical shortages of qualified MCH professionals exist, particularly in poor and rural areas. A continued investment in training interdisciplinary leaders is critical. The MCH Leadership Competencies provide an effective foundation for leadership training through identification of requisite knowledge, skills, and dispositions required of MCH leaders. This paper describes a three-step process, which began in 2010 and included utilizing the MCH Leadership Competencies as a tool to reflect on, develop, and evaluate the NH LEND leadership curriculum. Curriculum development was further supported through participation in a multi-state learning collaborative. Through a series of intentional decisions, the curriculum design of NH LEND utilized the competencies and evidence-based principles of instruction to engage trainees in the development of specific MCH content knowledge and leadership skills. The LEND network specifically, and MCH leadership programs more broadly, may benefit from the intentional use of the MCH competencies to assist in curriculum development and program evaluation, and as a means to support trainees in identifying specific leadership goals and evaluating their leadership skill development.

  18. Response to comment on "Hydrogen mapping of the lunar South Pole using the LRO neutron detector experiment LEND".

    PubMed

    Mitrofanov, I G; Boynton, W V; Litvak, M L; Sanin, A B; Starr, R D

    2011-11-25

    Critical comments from Lawrence et al. are considered on the capability of the collimated neutron telescope Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) on NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) for mapping lunar epithermal neutrons, as presented in our paper. We present two different analyses to show that our previous estimated count rates are valid and support the conclusions of that paper.

  19. The Impact of Demographic Characteristics on Awareness and Usage of Support Groups.

    PubMed

    Coleman, Linda Jane; Shah, Nehal; Jain, Sanjay

    2015-01-01

    There are support groups established for one's emotional and/or physical health; as a result, marketing has appeared in regards to the needs, benefits, and hesitations regarding these groups. This study addresses several types of individuals and situations that lend themselves to using support groups. The authors conducted a study designed to examine demographic characteristics as they relate to a person's decision to go to support groups for health conditions. Looking at the demographics of users and the types of support groups, the authors discuss diverse opportunities for support groups and their organizations to promote communication, improve marketing strategies, and create influential users.

  20. Fostering intentional interdisciplinary leadership in developmental disabilities: the North Carolina LEND experience.

    PubMed

    Rosenberg, Angela; Margolis, Lewis H; Umble, Karl; Chewning, Linda

    2015-02-01

    This study describes the effects of interdisciplinary leadership training on a retrospective cohort (2001-2009) of the University of North Carolina MCH Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (UNC-CH LEND) program, including LEND graduates who were selected to participate in a focused Interdisciplinary Leadership Development Program (ILDP) in addition to their LEND training. Specifically, the study examined graduates' reports of the relationship between LEND training and their attitudes/beliefs about interdisciplinary practice, as well as their reported use of interdisciplinary skills in their post-fellowship practice settings. Using a post-test design, participants in the LEND and ILDP programs were contacted to complete an on-line survey. Using a Conceptual Model guided by EvaluLEAD, respondents were asked to rate the influence of the UNC-LEND training program on their attitudes/beliefs and skills using a 5-point Likert scale, as well as through open-ended descriptions. The 49 LEND respondents represented a 56% overall response rate from years 2001-2009. ILDP participants reported greater agreement with interdisciplinary attitudes/beliefs and more frequent use of interdisciplinary skills than did the non-participants. Graduates of LEND as well as ILDP reported the influence of training through a range of qualitative responses. Response examples highlight the influence of LEND training to promote outcomes at the individual, organizational and systems level. Findings from this study illustrate that MCHB funded LEND training has a strong influence on the future employment and interdisciplinary practices of graduates for the MCH workforce as well as services for individuals with developmental disabilities, their families and systems of care.

  1. Framing the Future: Revisiting the Place of Educational Expectations in Status Attainment

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bozick, Robert; Alexander, Karl; Entwisle, Doris; Dauber, Susan; Kerr, Kerri

    2010-01-01

    This study revisits the Wisconsin model of status attainment from a life course developmental perspective. Fixed-effects regression analyses lend strong support to the Wisconsin framework's core proposition that academic performance and significant others' influence shape educational expectations. However, investigating the process of expectation…

  2. A decision support model for investment on P2P lending platform.

    PubMed

    Zeng, Xiangxiang; Liu, Li; Leung, Stephen; Du, Jiangze; Wang, Xun; Li, Tao

    2017-01-01

    Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, as a novel economic lending model, has triggered new challenges on making effective investment decisions. In a P2P lending platform, one lender can invest N loans and a loan may be accepted by M investors, thus forming a bipartite graph. Basing on the bipartite graph model, we built an iteration computation model to evaluate the unknown loans. To validate the proposed model, we perform extensive experiments on real-world data from the largest American P2P lending marketplace-Prosper. By comparing our experimental results with those obtained by Bayes and Logistic Regression, we show that our computation model can help borrowers select good loans and help lenders make good investment decisions. Experimental results also show that the Logistic classification model is a good complement to our iterative computation model, which motivates us to integrate the two classification models. The experimental results of the hybrid classification model demonstrate that the logistic classification model and our iteration computation model are complementary to each other. We conclude that the hybrid model (i.e., the integration of iterative computation model and Logistic classification model) is more efficient and stable than the individual model alone.

  3. A decision support model for investment on P2P lending platform

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Li; Leung, Stephen; Du, Jiangze; Wang, Xun; Li, Tao

    2017-01-01

    Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, as a novel economic lending model, has triggered new challenges on making effective investment decisions. In a P2P lending platform, one lender can invest N loans and a loan may be accepted by M investors, thus forming a bipartite graph. Basing on the bipartite graph model, we built an iteration computation model to evaluate the unknown loans. To validate the proposed model, we perform extensive experiments on real-world data from the largest American P2P lending marketplace—Prosper. By comparing our experimental results with those obtained by Bayes and Logistic Regression, we show that our computation model can help borrowers select good loans and help lenders make good investment decisions. Experimental results also show that the Logistic classification model is a good complement to our iterative computation model, which motivates us to integrate the two classification models. The experimental results of the hybrid classification model demonstrate that the logistic classification model and our iteration computation model are complementary to each other. We conclude that the hybrid model (i.e., the integration of iterative computation model and Logistic classification model) is more efficient and stable than the individual model alone. PMID:28877234

  4. Embedding the Teaching of Academic Writing into Anthropology Lectures

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mostert, Linda Ann; Townsend, Rodwell

    2018-01-01

    This paper lends support to the argument that students require a variety of teaching strategies to help them improve their academic writing. The study described here took place in 2014 in the context of embedding the teaching of academic writing into anthropology modules. The strategies implemented were microthemes, peer feedback, annotated…

  5. Emotions in Prospective Secondary Teachers When Teaching Science Content, Distinguishing by Gender

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Borrachero, Ana Belén; Brígido, María; Mellado, Lucía; Costillo, Emilio; Mellado, Vicente

    2014-01-01

    Background: Until recently, the affective components of education had long been undervalued. Today, one finds ever more studies on cognitive and affective interrelationships that are lending support to the idea that affect and cognition are best understood when viewed as independent and complementary mental functions. Purpose: The present work…

  6. Creative Activity, Personality, Mental Illness, and Short-Term Mating Success

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beaussart, Melanie L.; Kaufman, Scott Barry; Kaufman, James C.

    2012-01-01

    It has been argued that creativity evolved, at least in part, through sexual selection to attract mates. Recent research lends support to this view and has also demonstrated a link between certain dimensions of schizotypy, creativity, and short-term mating. The current study delves deeper into these relationships by focusing on engagement in…

  7. Revisiting the Occupational Aspirations and Destinations of Anglo-Australian and Chinese-Australian High School Students

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Malik, Ranbir Singh

    2015-01-01

    Evidence from Australia lends support to the "Asian high achieving syndrome" in Chinese-Australian students and "self-deprivation syndrome" in Anglo-Australian students. Applying ethnographic case studies approach for doctoral thesis the author collected data on a longitudinal basis from homes and school of these students. All…

  8. Sample Invariance of the Structural Equation Model and the Item Response Model: A Case Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Breithaupt, Krista; Zumbo, Bruno D.

    2002-01-01

    Evaluated the sample invariance of item discrimination statistics in a case study using real data, responses of 10 random samples of 500 people to a depression scale. Results lend some support to the hypothesized superiority of a two-parameter item response model over the common form of structural equation modeling, at least when responses are…

  9. The Role of Oral Output in Noticing and Promoting the Acquisition of Linguistic Forms

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Liu, Dan

    2013-01-01

    Many empirical studies carried out to test the three major functions of the Comprehensible Output Hypothesis proposed by Swain lend some support to the Hypothesis in one way or another. This study aims to investigate whether giving the Chinese EFL learners an opportunity for oral output encourages them to notice their linguistic problems in oral…

  10. Teaching Aquatic Science as Inquiry through Professional Development: Teacher Characteristics and Student Outcomes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Duncan Seraphin, Kanesa; Harrison, George M.; Philippoff, Joanna; Brandon, Paul R.; Nguyen, Thanh Truc T.; Lawton, Brian E.; Vallin, Lisa M.

    2017-01-01

    We present an inquiry-based, aquatic science professional development (PD) for upper-elementary, middle, and high school teachers and examine changes in student outcomes in light of participating teachers' characteristics and the grade band of the students. Our study lends support to the assertion that inquiry- and content-focused PD, paired with…

  11. The Group-lending Model and Social Closure: Microcredit, Exclusion, and Health in Bangladesh

    PubMed Central

    Johnston, Heidi Bart

    2009-01-01

    According to social exclusion theory, health risks are positively associated with involuntary social, economic, political and cultural exclusion from society. In this paper, a social exclusion framework has been used, and available literature on microcredit in Bangladesh has been reviewed to explore the available evidence on associations among microcredit, exclusion, and health outcomes. The paper addresses the question of whether participation in group-lending reduces health inequities through promoting social inclusion. The group-lending model of microcredit is a development intervention in which small-scale credit for income-generation activities is provided to groups of individuals who do not have material collateral. The paper outlines four pathways through which microcredit can affect health status: financing care in the event of health emergencies; financing health inputs such as improved nutrition; as a platform for health education; and by increasing social capital through group meetings and mutual support. For many participants, the group-lending model of microcredit can mitigate exclusionary processes and lead to improvements in health for some; for others, it can worsen exclusionary processes which contribute to health disadvantage. PMID:19761085

  12. The group-lending model and social closure: microcredit, exclusion, and health in Bangladesh.

    PubMed

    Schurmann, Anna T; Johnston, Heidi Bart

    2009-08-01

    According to social exclusion theory, health risks are positively associated with involuntary social, economic, political and cultural exclusion from society. In this paper, a social exclusion framework has been used, and available literature on microcredit in Bangladesh has been reviewed to explore the available evidence on associations among microcredit, exclusion, and health outcomes. The paper addresses the question of whether participation in group-lending reduces health inequities through promoting social inclusion. The group-lending model of microcredit is a development intervention in which small-scale credit for income-generation activities is provided to groups of individuals who do not have material collateral. The paper outlines four pathways through which microcredit can affect health status: financing care in the event of health emergencies; financing health inputs such as improved nutrition; as a platform for health education; and by increasing social capital through group meetings and mutual support. For many participants, the group-lending model of microcredit can mitigate exclusionary processes and lead to improvements in health for some; for others, it can worsen exclusionary processes which contribute to health disadvantage.

  13. Academic Competitions.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marin County Office of Education, San Rafael, CA.

    Descriptions of scholastic competitions for Marin County (California) students are presented. Following a rationale for conducting scholastic competitions, community groups and businesses which lend support are listed along with the type of support given. Participating grade levels, dates of competition during the 1983-84 school year, and a brief…

  14. 32 CFR 733.3 - Information and policy on support of dependents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... so would lend excessive credence to administrative tools which have been designed for use only within... armed forces). Interim support for each family member shall be either $200.00 per supported family... of 1/3 gross pay, per month. (4) Both spouses in the armed forces. (i) No children of the marriage...

  15. Self-domestication in Homo sapiens: Insights from comparative genomics.

    PubMed

    Theofanopoulou, Constantina; Gastaldon, Simone; O'Rourke, Thomas; Samuels, Bridget D; Messner, Angela; Martins, Pedro Tiago; Delogu, Francesco; Alamri, Saleh; Boeckx, Cedric

    2017-01-01

    This study identifies and analyzes statistically significant overlaps between selective sweep screens in anatomically modern humans and several domesticated species. The results obtained suggest that (paleo-)genomic data can be exploited to complement the fossil record and support the idea of self-domestication in Homo sapiens, a process that likely intensified as our species populated its niche. Our analysis lends support to attempts to capture the "domestication syndrome" in terms of alterations to certain signaling pathways and cell lineages, such as the neural crest.

  16. Correlates of lending needles/syringes among HIV-seropositive injection drug users.

    PubMed

    Metsch, Lisa R; Pereyra, Margaret; Purcell, David W; Latkin, Carl A; Malow, Robert; Gómez, Cynthia A; Latka, Mary H

    2007-11-01

    Among HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs), we examined the correlates of lending needles/syringes with HIV-negative and unknown status injection partners. HIV-positive IDUs (N=738) from 4 cities in the United States who reported injection drug use with other IDUs in the past 3 months participated in an audio computer-assisted self-administered interview. Eighteen percent of study participants self-reported having lent their needles to HIV-negative or unknown status injection partners. Multivariate analyses showed that 6 variables were significantly associated with this high-risk injecting practice. Older IDUs, high school graduates, and those reporting more supportive peer norms for safer drug use were less likely to lend needles/syringes. Admission to a hospital for drug treatment in the past 6 months, having injected with >1 person in the past 3 months, and having more psychiatric symptoms were all associated with more risk. These findings underscore the need for a continued prevention focus on HIV-positive IDUs that recognizes the combination of drug use, mental health factors, and social factors that might affect this high-risk injecting practice, which could be associated with HIV and hepatitis C transmission.

  17. Educational Development in Thailand: The Role of World Bank Lending. A World Bank Operations Evaluation Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    World Bank, Washington, DC.

    The World Bank's Operation Evaluation Department (OED) evaluates educational development in Thailand and assesses the cumulative impact of the Bank's projects on development in that country. From 1966 to date, the Bank supported six education projects with an estimated cost of a half billion dollars. The report covers: (1) economic and educational…

  18. Factors Affecting Grammatical and Lexical Complexity of Long-Term L2 Speakers' Oral Proficiency

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lahmann, Cornelia; Steinkrauss, Rasmus; Schmid, Monika S.

    2016-01-01

    There remains considerable disagreement about which factors drive second language (L2) ultimate attainment. Age of onset (AO) appears to be a robust factor, lending support to theories of maturational constraints on L2 acquisition. The present study is an investigation of factors that influence grammatical and lexical complexity at the stage of L2…

  19. Patterns of Co-Occurring Non-Verbal Behaviour and Self-Directed Speech; a Comparison of Three Methodological Approaches

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kuvalja, Martina; Verma, Mohini; Whitebread, David

    2014-01-01

    "Self-directed speech"--the audible or partially whispered self-talk that children engage in during their daily activities, was proposed by Vygotsky to have a mediating role in the emerging self-regulatory behaviour of young children. Studies with correlational findings tend to lend support to this hypothesis but fail to delineate the…

  20. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Mexican American Children Aged 5 to 17 Years: Results from Southwestern HHANES, 1982-83.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ismail, Amid L.; And Others

    1987-01-01

    Dental caries and periodontal disease in Mexican American children of the southwestern United States occur mainly in molars, lending strong support for the use of fissure sealants as a preventive procedure. This study also reports on the prevalence of fillings decay and gingivitis in this population. (VM)

  1. 12 CFR 944.6 - Bank community support programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... modification, which shall require the Bank to: (i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii... and implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted...

  2. 12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... to modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district... and implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted...

  3. Lender Profitability in the Student Loan Program.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jenkins, Sarah

    This report provides results of a study that measured lender profitability in the Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) program and compares these results with the profitability of other types of lending. Data analysis reveals credit card lending to be the highest average level of profitability over the 5-year period considered. Other lending types, in…

  4. Determinants of Default in P2P Lending

    PubMed Central

    2015-01-01

    This paper studies P2P lending and the factors explaining loan default. This is an important issue because in P2P lending individual investors bear the credit risk, instead of financial institutions, which are experts in dealing with this risk. P2P lenders suffer a severe problem of information asymmetry, because they are at a disadvantage facing the borrower. For this reason, P2P lending sites provide potential lenders with information about borrowers and their loan purpose. They also assign a grade to each loan. The empirical study is based on loans’ data collected from Lending Club (N = 24,449) from 2008 to 2014 that are first analyzed by using univariate means tests and survival analysis. Factors explaining default are loan purpose, annual income, current housing situation, credit history and indebtedness. Secondly, a logistic regression model is developed to predict defaults. The grade assigned by the P2P lending site is the most predictive factor of default, but the accuracy of the model is improved by adding other information, especially the borrower’s debt level. PMID:26425854

  5. Determinants of Default in P2P Lending.

    PubMed

    Serrano-Cinca, Carlos; Gutiérrez-Nieto, Begoña; López-Palacios, Luz

    2015-01-01

    This paper studies P2P lending and the factors explaining loan default. This is an important issue because in P2P lending individual investors bear the credit risk, instead of financial institutions, which are experts in dealing with this risk. P2P lenders suffer a severe problem of information asymmetry, because they are at a disadvantage facing the borrower. For this reason, P2P lending sites provide potential lenders with information about borrowers and their loan purpose. They also assign a grade to each loan. The empirical study is based on loans' data collected from Lending Club (N = 24,449) from 2008 to 2014 that are first analyzed by using univariate means tests and survival analysis. Factors explaining default are loan purpose, annual income, current housing situation, credit history and indebtedness. Secondly, a logistic regression model is developed to predict defaults. The grade assigned by the P2P lending site is the most predictive factor of default, but the accuracy of the model is improved by adding other information, especially the borrower's debt level.

  6. Supporting English Language Arts Standards within the Context of Early Singing Experiences

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nordquist, Alice L.

    2015-01-01

    Music teachers may integrate a variety of English language arts content standards into their curriculum to enhance students' music experiences while also supporting their language development. John M. Feierabend and Melanie Champagne's picture book adaptation of "My Aunt Came Back" lends itself to multiple singing and discussion…

  7. Communities respond to predatory lending.

    PubMed

    Caplan, Mary Ager

    2014-04-01

    Low-income communities in the United States have faced a history of financial marginalization and exploitation, most evident today in the proliferation of predatory financial services, such as payday lending and check-cashing services. Ameliorating the negative effects of predatory lending has become increasingly important on the agenda of community development efforts and the field of social work. Through the use of case studies, this article describes three specific strategies that communities use to increase financial inclusion and buffer against the deleterious effects of predatory lending: inclusion, community-based alternatives, and community advocacy.

  8. Integrating Family as a Discipline by Providing Parent Led Curricula: Impact on LEND Trainees' Leadership Competency.

    PubMed

    Keisling, Bruce L; Bishop, Elizabeth A; Roth, Jenness M

    2017-05-01

    Background While the MCH Leadership Competencies and family as a discipline have been required elements of Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and related Disabilities (LEND) programs for over a decade, little research has been published on the efficacy of either programmatic component in the development of the next generation of leaders who can advocate and care for Maternal and Child Health (MCH) populations. Objective To test the effectiveness of integrating the family discipline through implementation of parent led curricula on trainees' content knowledge, skills, and leadership development in family-centered care, according to the MCH Leadership Competencies. Methods One hundred and two long-term (≥ 300 h) LEND trainees completed a clinical and leadership training program which featured intensive parent led curricula supported by a full-time family faculty member. Trainees rated themselves on the five Basic and Advanced skill items that comprise MCH Leadership Competency 8: Family-centered Care at the beginning and conclusion of their LEND traineeship. Results When compared to their initial scores, trainees rated themselves significantly higher across all family-centered leadership competency items at the completion of their LEND traineeship. Conclusions The intentional engagement of a full-time family faculty member and parent led curricula that include didactic and experiential components are associated with greater identification and adoption by trainees of family-centered attitudes, skills, and practices. However, the use of the MCH Leadership Competencies as a quantifiable measure of program evaluation, particularly leadership development, is limited.

  9. "A Treasure Chest of Service": The Role of Toy Libraries within Play Policy in Wales

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Powell, Robat; Seaton, Nia

    2007-01-01

    Since the first toy libraries opened in the 1960s and 1970s to support families of children with special educational needs, they have expanded to serve broader communities. Toy libraries do more than lend toys: they can provide family support services and specialist support to families with children with special educational needs, benefit…

  10. Object-location memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder.

    PubMed

    Ring, Melanie; Gaigg, Sebastian B; Bowler, Dermot M

    2015-10-01

    This study tested implicit and explicit spatial relational memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Participants were asked to study pictures of rooms and pictures of daily objects for which locations were highlighted in the rooms. Participants were later tested for their memory of the object locations either by being asked to place objects back into their original locations or into new locations. Proportions of times when participants choose the previously studied locations for the objects irrespective of the instruction were used to derive indices of explicit and implicit memory [process-dissociation procedure, Jacoby, 1991, 1998]. In addition, participants performed object and location recognition and source memory tasks where they were asked about which locations belonged to the objects and which objects to the locations. The data revealed difficulty for ASD individuals in actively retrieving object locations (explicit memory) but not in subconsciously remembering them (implicit memory). These difficulties cannot be explained by difficulties in memory for objects or locations per se (i.e., the difficulty pertains to object-location relations). Together these observations lend further support to the idea that ASD is characterised by relatively circumscribed difficulties in relational rather than item-specific memory processes and show that these difficulties extend to the domain of spatial information. They also lend further support to the idea that memory difficulties in ASD can be reduced when support is provided at test. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  11. Self-domestication in Homo sapiens: Insights from comparative genomics

    PubMed Central

    O’Rourke, Thomas; Samuels, Bridget D.; Messner, Angela; Martins, Pedro Tiago; Delogu, Francesco; Alamri, Saleh

    2017-01-01

    This study identifies and analyzes statistically significant overlaps between selective sweep screens in anatomically modern humans and several domesticated species. The results obtained suggest that (paleo-)genomic data can be exploited to complement the fossil record and support the idea of self-domestication in Homo sapiens, a process that likely intensified as our species populated its niche. Our analysis lends support to attempts to capture the “domestication syndrome” in terms of alterations to certain signaling pathways and cell lineages, such as the neural crest. PMID:29045412

  12. The intersection of medical debt and predatory lending among hispanics.

    PubMed

    Gray, Karen A; Villegas, Susy

    2012-01-01

    This pilot study explored the link between predatory lending and health care debt among Hispanics. Research shows that links exist between health care costs, debt, poverty, and race ( Draught & Silva, 2003 ; Zeldin & Rukavina, 2007 ). Prior to this study there was no research on the intersection between medical debt and predatory lending although there was reason to believe this link exists ( Seifert, 2004 ). Our results confirm this link and we propose means to break it.

  13. What Would Catherine of Sienna Do? Spiritual Formation and the Brains of Adolescent Girls

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Baker, Dori; Edwards, Ned

    2012-01-01

    This article explores how new knowledge about the adolescent female brain lends theoretical support to narrative and contemplative practices of spiritual formation of girls. Current brain research supports the use of particular methods of religious formation for teenagers in general, and teenage girls in particular. This article suggests that…

  14. 12 CFR 195.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 195.22 Section 195.22 Banks and... Assessing Performance § 195.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a savings... lending test except the community development lending criterion. (b) Performance criteria. The appropriate...

  15. 13 CFR 307.18 - Addition of lending areas; merger of RLFs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Additional Lending Area and revise its lending strategy, as necessary; (vi) The RLF Recipient shall execute... conditions reasonably requested by EDA. (2) The New Lending Area designation shall remain in place... Lending Area(s)), its lending strategy and borrower criteria; (iv) Prior to EDA's disbursement of...

  16. The phase model of burnout and employee turnover.

    PubMed

    Goodman, Eric A; Boss, R Wayne

    2002-01-01

    This study explores the phase model of burnout and investigates its relationship to actual turnover in a hospital. The results indicate that employees who turnover have significantly higher burnout phase scores that those who stay in the organization. A further comparison of voluntary and involuntary turnover demonstrates that there is no significant differences on burnout phase scores. The findings lend support to the usefulness of the phase model of burnout.

  17. 12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lending test. 345.22 Section 345.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test... consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the community development lending...

  18. 12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 345.22 Section 345.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test... consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the community development lending...

  19. 12 CFR 614.4351 - Computation of lending and leasing limit base.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Computation of lending and leasing limit base... POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending and Leasing Limits § 614.4351 Computation of lending and leasing limit base. (a) Lending and leasing limit base. An institution's lending and leasing limit base is composed of...

  20. 12 CFR 614.4351 - Computation of lending and leasing limit base.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Computation of lending and leasing limit base... POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending and Leasing Limits § 614.4351 Computation of lending and leasing limit base. (a) Lending and leasing limit base. An institution's lending and leasing limit base is composed of...

  1. 12 CFR 614.4351 - Computation of lending and leasing limit base.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Computation of lending and leasing limit base... POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending and Leasing Limits § 614.4351 Computation of lending and leasing limit base. (a) Lending and leasing limit base. An institution's lending and leasing limit base is composed of...

  2. 12 CFR 614.4351 - Computation of lending and leasing limit base.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Computation of lending and leasing limit base... POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending and Leasing Limits § 614.4351 Computation of lending and leasing limit base. (a) Lending and leasing limit base. An institution's lending and leasing limit base is composed of...

  3. 16 CFR 14.16 - Interpretation of Truth-in-Lending Orders consistent with amendments to the Truth-in-Lending Act...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interpretation of Truth-in-Lending Orders consistent with amendments to the Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z. 14.16 Section 14.16 Commercial...-Lending Orders consistent with amendments to the Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z. Introduction The...

  4. 12 CFR 560.93 - Lending limitations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending limitations. 560.93 Section 560.93 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.93 Lending limitations. (a...

  5. 12 CFR 365.2 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 365.2 Section... POLICY REAL ESTATE LENDING STANDARDS § 365.2 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each insured state... purpose of financing permanent improvements to real estate. (b)(1) Real estate lending policies adopted...

  6. 13 CFR 307.7 - Revolving Loan Funds established for business lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... for business lending. 307.7 Section 307.7 Business Credit and Assistance ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT... Revolving Loan Funds and Use of Grant Funds § 307.7 Revolving Loan Funds established for business lending... lending, but may also fund public infrastructure or other authorized lending activities. The requirements...

  7. Integrated Communications and Practitioners' Perceived Needs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rose, Patricia B.; Miller, Debra A.

    1993-01-01

    Finds little or no difference in the interest of small market advertising and public relations practitioners in professional courses. Lends support to the idea of a common curriculum (an Integrated Marketing Communications program) to fulfill the educational needs of both groups. (SR)

  8. Successful School Downsizing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Raywid, Mary Anne

    1997-01-01

    Solid research evidence links smaller schools to fewer discipline problems, lower dropout rates, higher student participation levels, and steadier academic progress. Large buildings are no obstacle. Creating small schools requires top administrators to lend impetus and support, facilitate teacher volunteer groups, develop clear policies, adjust…

  9. 12 CFR 34.62 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 34.62 Section 34.62 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS Real Estate Lending Standards § 34.62 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each national bank shall...

  10. 12 CFR 365.2 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 365.2 Section... POLICY REAL ESTATE LENDING STANDARDS Real Estate Lending Standards § 365.2 Real estate lending standards... estate, or that are made for the purpose of financing permanent improvements to real estate. (b)(1) Real...

  11. 12 CFR 365.2 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 365.2 Section... POLICY REAL ESTATE LENDING STANDARDS Real Estate Lending Standards § 365.2 Real estate lending standards... estate, or that are made for the purpose of financing permanent improvements to real estate. (b)(1) Real...

  12. 12 CFR 34.62 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 34.62 Section 34.62 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS Real Estate Lending Standards § 34.62 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each national bank shall...

  13. 12 CFR 365.2 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 365.2 Section... POLICY REAL ESTATE LENDING STANDARDS Real Estate Lending Standards § 365.2 Real estate lending standards... estate, or that are made for the purpose of financing permanent improvements to real estate. (b)(1) Real...

  14. 12 CFR 34.62 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 34.62 Section 34.62 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS Real Estate Lending Standards § 34.62 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each national bank shall...

  15. 12 CFR 365.2 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 365.2 Section... POLICY REAL ESTATE LENDING STANDARDS Real Estate Lending Standards § 365.2 Real estate lending standards... estate, or that are made for the purpose of financing permanent improvements to real estate. (b)(1) Real...

  16. 12 CFR 34.62 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 34.62 Section 34.62 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS Real Estate Lending Standards § 34.62 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each national bank shall...

  17. 12 CFR 614.4360 - Lending and leasing limit violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending and leasing limit violations. 614.4360... OPERATIONS Lending and Leasing Limits § 614.4360 Lending and leasing limit violations. (a) Each loan, except loans that are grandfathered under the provisions of § 614.4361, shall be in compliance with the lending...

  18. 12 CFR 34.62 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 34.62 Section 34.62 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS Real Estate Lending Standards § 34.62 Real estate lending standards. (a) Each national bank shall...

  19. 12 CFR 560.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 560.101 of this subpart...

  20. 12 CFR 563e.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 563e.22 Section 563e.22 Banks and... Assessing Performance § 563e.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a savings... section. The OTS will not consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the...

  1. 12 CFR 563e.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lending test. 563e.22 Section 563e.22 Banks and... Assessing Performance § 563e.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a savings... section. The OTS will not consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the...

  2. 12 CFR 563e.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending test. 563e.22 Section 563e.22 Banks and... Assessing Performance § 563e.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a savings association's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area(s) through its lending...

  3. 12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending test. 345.22 Section 345.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area(s) through its lending...

  4. Empirical Analysis of Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions on Small Business Lending in Nigeria

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ita, Asuquo Akabom

    2012-11-01

    Mergers and acquisitions are the major instruments of the recent banking reforms in Nigeria.The effects and the implications of the reforms on the lending practices of merged banks to small businesses were considered in this study. These effects were divided into static and dynamic effects (restructuring, direct and external). Data were collected by cross-sectional research design and were subsequently analyzed by the ordinary least square (OLS) method.The analyses show that bank size, financial characteristics and deposit of non-merged banks are positively related to small business lending. While for the merged banks, the reverse is the case. From the above result, it is evident that merger and acquisition have not only static effect on small business lending but also dynamic effect, therefore, given the central position of small businesses in the current government policy on industrialization in Nigeria, policy makers in Nigeria, should consider both the static and dynamic effects of merger and acquisition on small business lending in their policy thrust.

  5. 12 CFR 160.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 160... Improvement Act of 1991, 12 U.S.C. 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by Federal...

  6. 12 CFR 160.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 160... Improvement Act of 1991, 12 U.S.C. 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by Federal...

  7. 12 CFR 160.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 160.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 160... Improvement Act of 1991, 12 U.S.C. 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by Federal...

  8. 12 CFR 614.4110 - Transfer of direct lending authority to Federal land bank associations and agricultural credit...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Transfer of direct lending authority to Federal... Lending Relationship § 614.4110 Transfer of direct lending authority to Federal land bank associations and.... (c) An association to which such long-term lending authority is to be transferred shall have in place...

  9. 12 CFR 32.3 - Lending limits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... warehouse having exclusive possession and control of the staples even though the grain elevator or warehouse... when the receipts are registered with an independent registrar whose consent is required before the... reliance on the maker with— (A) Records supporting the bank's independent credit analysis of the maker's...

  10. Dependency, democracy, and infant mortality: a quantitative, cross-national analysis of less developed countries.

    PubMed

    Shandra, John M; Nobles, Jenna; London, Bruce; Williamson, John B

    2004-07-01

    This study presents quantitative, sociological models designed to account for cross-national variation in infant mortality rates. We consider variables linked to four different theoretical perspectives: the economic modernization, social modernization, political modernization, and dependency perspectives. The study is based on a panel regression analysis of a sample of 59 developing countries. Our preliminary analysis based on additive models replicates prior studies to the extent that we find that indicators linked to economic and social modernization have beneficial effects on infant mortality. We also find support for hypotheses derived from the dependency perspective suggesting that multinational corporate penetration fosters higher levels of infant mortality. Subsequent analysis incorporating interaction effects suggest that the level of political democracy conditions the effects of dependency relationships based upon exports, investments from multinational corporations, and international lending institutions. Transnational economic linkages associated with exports, multinational corporations, and international lending institutions adversely affect infant mortality more strongly at lower levels of democracy than at higher levels of democracy: intranational, political factors interact with the international, economic forces to affect infant mortality. We conclude with some brief policy recommendations and suggestions for the direction of future research.

  11. 77 FR 22625 - Intermediary Lending Pilot (ILP) Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-16

    ... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Intermediary Lending Pilot (ILP) Program AGENCY: U.S. Small Business... Administration (SBA) requests that eligible organizations submit applications to become Intermediary Lending... implement an Intermediary Lending Pilot (ILP) program. Under the ILP program, SBA makes loans to selected...

  12. Otolith shape lends support to the sensory drive hypothesis in rockfishes.

    PubMed

    Tuset, V M; Otero-Ferrer, J L; Gómez-Zurita, J; Venerus, L A; Stransky, C; Imondi, R; Orlov, A M; Ye, Z; Santschi, L; Afanasiev, P K; Zhuang, L; Farré, M; Love, M S; Lombarte, A

    2016-10-01

    The sensory drive hypothesis proposes that environmental factors affect both signalling dynamics and the evolution of signals and receivers. Sound detection and equilibrium in marine fishes are senses dependent on the sagittae otoliths, whose morphological variability appears intrinsically linked to the environment. The aim of this study was to understand if and which environmental factors could be conditioning the evolution of this sensory structure, therefore lending support to the sensory drive hypothesis. Thus, we analysed the otolith shape of 42 rockfish species (Sebastes spp.) to test the potential associations with the phylogeny, biological (age), ecological (feeding habit and depth distribution) and biogeographical factors. The results showed strong differences in the otolith shapes of some species, noticeably influenced by ecological and biogeographical factors. Moreover, otolith shape was clearly conditioned by phylogeny, but with a strong environmental effect, cautioning about the use of this structure for the systematics of rockfishes or other marine fishes. However, our most relevant finding is that the data supported the sensory drive hypothesis as a force promoting the radiation of the genus Sebastes. This hypothesis holds that adaptive divergence in communication has significant influence relative to other life history traits. It has already been established in Sebastes for visual characters and organs; our results showed that it applies to otolith transformations as well (despite the clear influence of feeding and depth), expanding the scope of the hypothesis to other sensory structures. © 2016 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2016 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.

  13. Direct Lending: How To Improve Implementation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jepsen, Keith

    This evaluation study developed 29 recommendations concerning the implementation of direct loans in providing financial assistance to postsecondary school students. The investigation included examination of a current Department of Education (ED) pilot program, a video teleconference to discuss direct lending with 23 individuals in education…

  14. State Clean Energy Policies Analysis: State, Utility, and Municipal Loan Programs

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lantz, E.

    2010-05-01

    High initial costs can impede the deployment of clean energy technologies. Financing can reduce these costs. And, state, municipal, and utility-sponsored loan programs have emerged to fill the gap between clean energy technology financing needs and private sector lending. In general, public loan programs are more favorable to clean energy technologies than are those offered by traditional lending institutions; however, public loan programs address only the high up-front costs of clean energy systems, and the technology installed under these loan programs rarely supports clean energy production at levels that have a notable impact on the broader energy sector. This reportmore » discusses ways to increase the impact of these loan programs and suggests related policy design considerations.« less

  15. Correlation between the outer flow and the turbulent production in a boundary layer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cliff, W. C.; Sandborn, V. A.

    1975-01-01

    Space-time velocity correlation measurements between fluctuations occurring in the convoluting outer edge of a flat boundary layer with fluctuations occurring near the viscous subregion were made. The correlations indicate that information is propagated from the outer region to the inner region. The migration of turbulence away from the wall was previously studied in the open literature. The results presented here along with the migration results lend support to the limit cycle model for turbulence production.

  16. Using electron irradiation to probe iron-based superconductors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cho, Kyuil; Kończykowski, M.; Teknowijoyo, S.; Tanatar, M. A.; Prozorov, R.

    2018-06-01

    High-energy electron irradiation at low temperatures is an efficient and controlled way to create vacancy–interstitial Frenkel pairs in a crystal lattice, thereby inducing nonmagnetic point-like scattering centers. In combination with London penetration depth and resistivity measurements, the electron irradiation was used as a phase-sensitive probe to study the superconducting order parameter in iron-based superconductors (FeSCs), lending strong support to sign-changing s ± pairing. Here, we review the key results of the effect of electron irradiation in FeSCs.

  17. Iraq: Reconstruction Assistance

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-11-15

    Development Group needs assessment of 14 sectors of the Iraqi government and economy — $36 billion — CRS-2 3 For the full text of the report online , see...including support for mortgage lending markets and establishment of private equity funds. The most successful example, the Polish Fund, made many...Department, 2207 Report to Congress, October 2007, Appendix II. statements of support, but no firm commitment, for varying levels of relief. By September 2004

  18. Reassessment of hypnotic symptom removal by Freud and Bernheim.

    PubMed

    Ball, Thomas S

    2006-10-01

    As demonstrations of clinical efficacy, cases reported by Freud and Bernheim reveal an intrinsic advantage of hypnotic symptom removal over therapies requiring extended periods to achieve significant outcomes. They also lend support to Weitzenhoffer's survey of therapeutic results achieved during the classical (pre-1900) period.

  19. Infected Peri-Pancreatic Necrosis Causing Gallbladder Necrosis by Direct Extension

    PubMed Central

    Assalia, Ahmad; Schmulevski, Pavel; Meislin, Vladimir; Hashmonai, Moshe

    1993-01-01

    Acute acalculous cholecystitis may develop in patients suffering from necrotizing pancreatitis. Conversely, acute pancreatitis may complicate acute gallbladder disease. We present a case that lends support to the existence of another possibility: gallbladder necrosis caused by direct extension of the necrotizing pancreatitic process. PMID:8260438

  20. Presentation Order Effects in Product Taste Tests.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dean, Michael L.

    1980-01-01

    Presentation order in paired-comparison testing was varied to measure the impact of primacy v recency effects on consumer product evaluation. First position preference bias characterized the findings, lending support to the attention decrement hypothesis or a suggested palate desensitization effect on subsequent taste trial behavior. (Author)

  1. 77 FR 69738 - Truth in Lending (Regulation Z)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-21

    ... Lending (Regulation Z) AGENCY: Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection. ACTION: Final rule; official... the official interpretations for Regulation Z (Truth in Lending). The Bureau is required to adjust... Regulations, at (202) 435-7700. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background The Truth in Lending Act (TILA; 15 U...

  2. 76 FR 35723 - Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-20

    ... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM 12 CFR Part 226 [Regulation Z; Docket No. R-1422] Truth in Lending AGENCY... Regulation Z (Truth in Lending). The Board is required to adjust annually the dollar amount that triggers...'') only, contact (202) 263-4869. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background The Truth in Lending Act (TILA...

  3. 77 FR 76841 - Lending Limits

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-31

    ...-2012-0007] RIN 1557-AD59 Lending Limits AGENCY: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Treasury. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is amending its lending...), includes exceptions to the lending limits for certain loans made by savings associations. These HOLA...

  4. 7 CFR 1940.401 - Truth in lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Truth in lending. 1940.401 Section 1940.401...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) GENERAL Truth in Lending-Real Estate Settlement Procedures § 1940.401 Truth in lending. (a) General. This section provides instructions for compliance with the Truth in...

  5. 77 FR 16817 - Request for Comment on Payday Lending Hearing Transcript

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-22

    ... Lending Hearing Transcript AGENCY: Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection. ACTION: Notice; request for... hearing on payday lending. The Bureau invites the public to review the transcript and provide additional..., 2012 in Birmingham, Alabama. Payday lending products are typically marketed to bridge a cash flow...

  6. 12 CFR 208.51 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 208.51 Section... MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Real Estate Lending and Appraisal Standards § 208.51 Real estate lending standards. (a) Adoption of written policies. Each state...

  7. 12 CFR 208.51 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 208.51 Section... MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Real Estate Lending and Appraisal Standards § 208.51 Real estate lending standards. (a) Adoption of written policies. Each state...

  8. 12 CFR 208.51 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 208.51 Section... MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Real Estate Lending and Appraisal Standards § 208.51 Real estate lending standards. (a) Adoption of written policies. Each state...

  9. 12 CFR 208.51 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 208.51 Section... MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Real Estate Lending and Appraisal Standards § 208.51 Real estate lending standards. (a) Adoption of written policies. Each state...

  10. 78 FR 69671 - Community Reinvestment Act; Interagency Questions and Answers Regarding Community Reinvestment...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-20

    ...: (1) To students or their families from a school at which the majority of students qualify for free or...). Further, strong performance in retail lending may compensate for weak performance in community development lending and, conversely, strong community development lending may compensate for weak retail lending...

  11. 12 CFR 31.2 - Insider lending restrictions and reporting requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Insider lending restrictions and reporting... EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT TO INSIDERS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES § 31.2 Insider lending restrictions and... insider lending standards and reporting requirements as they apply to national banks and their insiders. ...

  12. 12 CFR 7.4008 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending. 7.4008 Section 7.4008 Banks and... § 7.4008 Lending. (a) Authority of national banks. A national bank may make, sell, purchase... authorized non-real estate lending powers are not applicable to national banks. (2) A national bank may make...

  13. 12 CFR 560.170 - Records for lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Records for lending transactions. 560.170 Section 560.170 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.170 Records for...

  14. 12 CFR 208.51 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Real estate lending standards. 208.51 Section... MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Real Estate Lending and Appraisal Standards § 208.51 Real estate lending standards. (a) Adoption of written policies. Each state...

  15. 75 FR 80675 - Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-23

    ... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM 12 CFR Part 226 [Regulation Z; Docket No. R-1394] Truth in Lending AGENCY... information. The interim final rule amends Regulation Z, which implements the Truth in Lending Act, in order...- 1394), amending Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) to implement provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street...

  16. 12 CFR 613.3100 - Domestic lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Domestic lending. 613.3100 Section 613.3100... Financing for Banks Operating Under Title III of the Farm Credit Act § 613.3100 Domestic lending. (a... of cooperatives. A bank for cooperatives or an agricultural credit bank may lend to a cooperative...

  17. 12 CFR 614.4100 - Policies governing lending through Federal land bank associations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Policies governing lending through Federal land... SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Bank/Association Lending Relationship § 614.4100 Policies governing lending through Federal land bank associations. (a) Farm Credit Banks and agricultural credit banks may...

  18. 34 CFR 682.608 - Termination of a school's lending eligibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Termination of a school's lending eligibility. 682.608..., Standards, and Payments for Participating Schools § 682.608 Termination of a school's lending eligibility... subsequent holder. (c) Exception based on hardship. The Secretary does not terminate a school's lending...

  19. What the Computer Taught Me About My Students...or Is Binary Search "Natural"?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pasquino, Anne

    1978-01-01

    Several examples of student-written programs "teaching" a computer to guess systematically in finding a number between 0 and 10,000 are illustrated. These lend support to the contention that rather than being a "natural" application, using a binary search is a learned technique. (MN)

  20. American Psychological Association: Annual Report, 2008

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    American Psychologist, 2009

    2009-01-01

    This article presents the 2008 annual reports from the various directorates and offices of the American Psychological Association (APA). In 2008, APA continued to work on initiatives, programs, and products that lend value to the member's psychology career, support the future of their discipline, and serve the public. APA's goal is to strengthen…

  1. Marijuana Use among Students and Peers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Griffin, Brenda S.; Griffin, Charles T.

    1978-01-01

    A casual path model based on Sutherland's theory was developed and applied to student marijuana use as a specific delinquent act. Two types of differential association were suggested to explain the genesis of marijuana use for the individual. The data tended to lend support to the causal path model. (Author/LPG)

  2. 75 FR 54225 - Comment Request for the Financial Literacy and Education Commission on the Draft National...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-03

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Comment Request for the Financial Literacy and Education Commission on... Literacy and Education Commission (Commission) through passage of the Financial Literacy and Education... Treasury's Office of Financial Education to lend its expertise and provide primary support to the...

  3. Neuroplasticity, Psychosocial Genomics, and the Biopsychosocial Paradigm in the 21st Century

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Garland, Eric L.; Howard, Matthew Owen

    2009-01-01

    The biopsychosocial perspective is a foundation of social work theory and practice. Recent research on neuroplasticity and psychosocial genomics lends compelling support to this perspective by elucidating mechanisms through which psychosocial forces shape neurobiology. Investigations of neuroplasticity demonstrate that the adult brain can continue…

  4. 12 CFR 614.4530 - Special loans, production credit associations and agricultural credit associations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Special Lending Programs § 614.4530 Special loans, production credit associations and agricultural credit associations. Under policies approved by the bank... associations may make the following special types of loans on commodities covered by price support programs...

  5. Workplace Discrimination and the Perception of Disability

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Draper, William R.

    2012-01-01

    Decisions by the EEOC in favor of claimants perceived to have disabilities disproportionately exceeded those in favor of claimants with documented disabilities. This finding lends support to the assertion that unconscious/implicit bias is persistent in the workplace. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of…

  6. Perceived social support and early adolescents' achievement: the mediational roles of motivational beliefs and emotions.

    PubMed

    Ahmed, Wondimu; Minnaert, Alexander; van der Werf, Greetje; Kuyper, Hans

    2010-01-01

    Although a bulk of literature shows that perceived social support (PSS) influences academic achievement, the mechanisms through which this effect operates received little empirical attention. The present study examined the multiple mediational effects of motivational beliefs (competence beliefs and subjective value) and emotions (anxiety and enjoyment) that may account for the empirical link between PSS (from parents, peers and teachers) and mathematics achievement. The participants of the study were 238 grade 7 students (average age = 13.2 years, girls = 54%, predominantly native Dutch middle class socioeconomic status). A bootstrap analysis (a relatively new technique for testing multiple mediation) revealed that the motivational beliefs and the emotions, jointly, partially mediated the effect of PSS on achievement. The proportion of the effects mediated, however, varied across the support sources from 55% to 75%. The findings lend support to the theoretical assumptions in the literature that supportive social relationships influence achievement through motivational and affective pathways.

  7. Recommending teams promotes prosocial lending in online microfinance

    PubMed Central

    Ai, Wei; Chen, Roy; Mei, Qiaozhu; Phillips, Webb

    2016-01-01

    This paper reports the results of a large-scale field experiment designed to test the hypothesis that group membership can increase participation and prosocial lending for an online crowdlending community, Kiva. The experiment uses variations on a simple email manipulation to encourage Kiva members to join a lending team, testing which types of team recommendation emails are most likely to get members to join teams as well as the subsequent impact on lending. We find that emails do increase the likelihood that a lender joins a team, and that joining a team increases lending in a short window (1 wk) following our intervention. The impact on lending is large relative to median lender lifetime loans. We also find that lenders are more likely to join teams recommended based on location similarity rather than team status. Our results suggest team recommendation can be an effective behavioral mechanism to increase prosocial lending. PMID:27974610

  8. 12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lending test. 228.22 Section 228.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area...

  9. 12 CFR 25.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 25.22 Section 25.22 Banks and... DEPOSIT PRODUCTION REGULATIONS Regulations Standards for Assessing Performance § 25.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

  10. 12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending test. 228.22 Section 228.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area...

  11. 12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Lending test. 228.22 Section 228.22 Banks and...) COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

  12. 12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 228.22 Section 228.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area...

  13. 12 CFR 390.264 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... Investment § 390.264 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 390.265, issued... for real estate lending to be used by State savings associations and all their includable subsidiaries...

  14. 12 CFR 390.264 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... Investment § 390.264 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 390.265, issued... for real estate lending to be used by State savings associations and all their includable subsidiaries...

  15. 12 CFR 390.264 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... Investment § 390.264 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 390.265, issued... for real estate lending to be used by State savings associations and all their includable subsidiaries...

  16. 36 CFR 1284.30 - Does NARA lend documents to other institutions for exhibit purposes?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Does NARA lend documents to... NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION NARA FACILITIES EXHIBITS § 1284.30 Does NARA lend documents to other institutions for exhibit purposes? Yes, NARA considers lending documents that are in appropriate...

  17. 12 CFR 23.6 - Application of lending limits; restrictions on transactions with affiliates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Application of lending limits; restrictions on... THE TREASURY LEASING General Provisions § 23.6 Application of lending limits; restrictions on transactions with affiliates. All lease entered into pursuant to this part is subject to the lending limits...

  18. 12 CFR 952.4 - Targeted Community Lending Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Targeted Community Lending Plan 952.4 Section... SHEET ITEMS COMMUNITY INVESTMENT CASH ADVANCE PROGRAMS § 952.4 Targeted Community Lending Plan Each Bank shall develop and adopt an annual Targeted Community Lending Plan pursuant to § 944.6 of this chapter...

  19. 12 CFR 25.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending test. 25.22 Section 25.22 Banks and... DEPOSIT PRODUCTION REGULATIONS Regulations Standards for Assessing Performance § 25.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

  20. 12 CFR 220.10 - Borrowing and lending securities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Borrowing and lending securities. 220.10... RESERVE SYSTEM CREDIT BY BROKERS AND DEALERS (REGULATION T) § 220.10 Borrowing and lending securities. (a) Without regard to the other provisions of this part, a creditor may borrow or lend securities for the...

  1. 12 CFR 303.248 - Truth in Lending Act-Relief from reimbursement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Truth in Lending Act-Relief from reimbursement... PRACTICE FILING PROCEDURES Other Filings § 303.248 Truth in Lending Act—Relief from reimbursement. (a) Scope. This section applies to requests for relief from reimbursement pursuant to the Truth in Lending...

  2. 78 FR 32547 - Loan Originator Compensation Requirements Under the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-31

    ... Loan Originator Compensation Requirements Under the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z); Prohibition on... Lending Act (Regulation Z) Final Rule, issued on January 20, 2013, and published in the Federal Register... Originator Compensation Requirements Under the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z) (Final Rule).\\2\\ The Final...

  3. 12 CFR 32.4 - Calculation of lending limits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Calculation of lending limits. 32.4 Section 32.4 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING LIMITS § 32.4 Calculation of lending limits. (a) Calculation date. For purposes of determining compliance with 12 U.S.C. 84...

  4. Investigating the nature of palladium chain-walking in the enantioselective redox-relay Heck reaction of alkenyl alcohols.

    PubMed

    Hilton, Margaret J; Xu, Li-Ping; Norrby, Per-Ola; Wu, Yun-Dong; Wiest, Olaf; Sigman, Matthew S

    2014-12-19

    The mechanism of the redox-relay Heck reaction was investigated using deuterium-labeled substrates. Results support a pathway through a low energy palladium-alkyl intermediate that immediately precedes product formation, ruling out a tautomerization mechanism. DFT calculations of the relevant transition structures at the M06/LAN2DZ+f/6-31+G* level of theory show that the former pathway is favored by 5.8 kcal/mol. Palladium chain-walking toward the alcohol, following successive β-hydride eliminations and migratory insertions, is also supported in this study. The stereochemistry of deuterium labels is determined, lending support that the catalyst remains bound to the substrate during the relay process and that both cis- and trans-alkenes form from β-hydride elimination.

  5. The Impact of Federal Preemption of State Antipredatory Lending Laws on the Foreclosure Crisis

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ding, Lei; Quercia, Roberto G.; Reid, Carolina K.; White, Alan M.

    2012-01-01

    State antipredatory lending laws (APLs) are designed to protect borrowers against predatory lending that can increase the risk of default and deplete the home equity held by borrowers. Federal regulators instituted preemption that limited the scope and reach of state antipredatory lending regulations for certain lenders. Based on the variation in…

  6. 12 CFR 560.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope... Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 560.101 of this subpart, issued.... 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by savings associations and all their...

  7. 12 CFR 560.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... § 560.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 560.101 of this subpart....S.C. 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by savings associations and all...

  8. 12 CFR 560.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope... Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 560.101 of this subpart, issued.... 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by savings associations and all their...

  9. 12 CFR 560.100 - Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Real estate lending standards; purpose and... § 560.100 Real estate lending standards; purpose and scope. This section, and § 560.101 of this subpart....S.C. 1828(o), prescribe standards for real estate lending to be used by savings associations and all...

  10. 77 FR 7558 - Withdrawal of Proposed Rule on Approval of Farm Credit System Lending Institutions in Federal...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-13

    ...-AI91 Withdrawal of Proposed Rule on Approval of Farm Credit System Lending Institutions in Federal... withdraws HUD's August 2011 rule that proposed to amend HUD's regulations to enable the direct lending... the direct lending institutions of the Farm Credit System to seek approval to participate in the FHA...

  11. Neural Affective Mechanisms Predict Market-Level Microlending

    PubMed Central

    Genevsky, Alexander; Knutson, Brian

    2015-01-01

    Humans sometimes share with others whom they may never meet or know, in violation of the dictates of pure self-interest. Research has not established which neuropsychological mechanisms support lending decisions, nor whether their influence extends to markets involving significant financial incentives. In two studies, we found that neural affective mechanisms influence the success of requests for microloans. In a large Internet database of microloan requests (N = 13,500), we found that positive affective features of photographs promoted the success of those requests. We then established that neural activity (i.e., in the nucleus accumbens) and self-reported positive arousal in a neuroimaging sample (N = 28) predicted the success of loan requests on the Internet, above and beyond the effects of the neuroimaging sample’s own choices (i.e., to lend or not). These findings suggest that elicitation of positive arousal can promote the success of loan requests, both in the laboratory and on the Internet. They also highlight affective neuroscience’s potential to probe neuropsychological mechanisms that drive microlending, enhance the effectiveness of loan requests, and forecast market-level behavior. PMID:26187248

  12. Linkages from DOE's Solar Photovoltaic R&D to Commercial Renewable Power from Solar Energy

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ruegg, Rosalie; Thomas, Patrick

    2011-04-01

    DOE's Solar Photovoltaic R&D Subprogram promotes the development of cost-effective systems for directly converting solar energy into electricity for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. This study was commissioned to assess the extent to which the knowledge outputs of R&D funded by the DOE Solar PV subprogram are linked to downstream developments in commercial renewable power. A second purpose was to identify spillovers of the resulting knowledge to other areas of application. A third purpose was to lend support to a parallel benefit-cost study by contributing evidence of attribution of benefits to DOE.

  13. Home care during the aftermath of Hurricane Hugo.

    PubMed

    Chubon, S J

    1992-06-01

    During the course of field observations for an ethnographic study of home care nurses' job stress, Hurricane Hugo struck the community, causing extensive damage. The nurses' office building was heavily damaged by wind and water, and their office was not habitable for almost a week. The author had observed the nurses' work practices over 10 weeks before the hurricane. In the aftermath of the storm, the nurses were simultaneously disaster victims and caregivers for other victims. They experienced grief, anger, and frustration about their losses, as well as conflict between their family- and work-related responsibilities. Their experiences and behaviors were consistent with those described in prior disaster research literature, lending further support to the earlier studies. A major asset for these nurses was their open, supportive work environment. They were able to accept and affirm one another's negative feelings and to provide support to each other as they dealt with their losses.

  14. 12 CFR 550.370 - May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false May I sell assets or lend money between... Dealing § 550.370 May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts? You may sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts, if the transaction is fair to both accounts and is not prohibited by...

  15. 78 FR 46247 - World Hepatitis Day, 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-31

    ... Hepatitis Day, 2013 By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation Each year, we mark World Hepatitis Day to bring attention to a disease that afflicts one in twelve people worldwide. Viral hepatitis... about strategies for staying healthy. On World Hepatitis Day, let each of us lend our support to those...

  16. The Determinants of Child Health in Pakistan: An Economic Analysis

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shehzad, Shafqat

    2006-01-01

    This paper estimates linear structural models using LISREL and employs MIMIC models to find out factors determining child health in Pakistan. A distinction has been made in permanent and transitory health states that lend support to Grossman's (1972) stock and flow concepts of health. The paper addresses the issue of health unobservability and…

  17. Expanding the biological periodic table.

    PubMed

    Seravalli, Javier; Ragsdale, Stephen W

    2010-08-27

    Metal ions play an indispensable role in biology, enabling enzymes to perform their functions and lending support to the structures of numerous macromolecules. Despite their prevalence and importance, the metalloproteome is still relatively unexplored. Cvetkovic et al. (2010) now describe an approach to identify metalloproteins on a genome-wide scale. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Learning-Related Vision Problems: How Visual Processing Affects Reading Efficiency

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Solan, Harold A.

    2004-01-01

    Research during the past decade lends support to the notion that visual as well as phonological deficits are significantly correlated with reading and learning disorders. However, from the variety of visual anomalies discussed, it soon becomes evident that vision, itself, is not a unitary disorder. In this review, the multifaceted nature of…

  19. A Cognitive Approach to Threshold Concepts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Walker, Guy

    2013-01-01

    This paper asks a fundamental question: what is happening inside the mind of the undergraduate during teaching and learning experiences, and how should curricula be designed to support it? A number of concepts lend themselves to providing an answer, principle among which is the relatively recent idea of Threshold Concepts. In this paper we attempt…

  20. Access Services Are Human Services: Collaborating to Provide Textbook Access to Students

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McElroy, Kelly; Moore, Dan; Hilterbrand, Lori; Hindes, Nicole

    2017-01-01

    Despite the clear negative impact of high textbook costs on students, limits--including space, funding, and policies--prevent many academic libraries from fully supporting textbook collections. Partnering with other campus units on textbook lending requires creative thinking but can provide students access to other services in addition to the…

  1. Opportunity Theory and Agricultural Crime Victimization

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mears, Daniel P.; Scott, Michelle L.; Bhati, Avinash S.

    2007-01-01

    A growing body of research lends support to opportunity theory and its variants, but has yet to focus systematically on a number of specific offenses and contexts. Typically, the more crimes and contexts to which a theory applies, the broader its scope and range, respectively, and thus generalizability. In this paper, we focus on agricultural…

  2. Promoting Problem-Based Learning in Retailing and Services Marketing Course Curricula with Reality Television

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rosenbaum, Mark S.; Otalora, Mauricio Losada; Ramírez, Germán Contreras

    2015-01-01

    This research provides business educators who teach retailing and services courses with an innovative way to encourage students to engage in problem-based learning solving by incorporating reality television into their curricula. The authors explore the reality television genre from several theoretical perspectives to lend support to the…

  3. A Content Analysis of Images of Novice Teacher Induction: First-Semester Themes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Curry, Jennifer R.; Webb, Angela W.; Latham, Samantha J.

    2016-01-01

    The powerful nature of novice teachers' experiences in their first years of teaching has been well documented. However, the variance in novices' initial immersion in the school environment is largely dependent on perceived personal and professional support as well as the environmental inducements that lend to novice teachers' success in the…

  4. An Analysis of Discrimination by Real Estate Brokers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Yinger, John

    This paper focuses on designing policies to eliminate discrimination in the sale of single-family houses by analyzing the behavior of the agents who actually do most of the discriminating, namely real estate agents. Discriminatory practices are said to be supported by policies of house builders, lending institutions, and government, and by the…

  5. The motion of bubbles inside drops in containerless processing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shankar, N.; Annamalai, P.; Cole, R.; Subramanian, R. S.

    1982-01-01

    A theoretical model of thermocapillary bubble motion inside a drop, located in a space laboratory, due to an arbitrary axisymmetric temperature distribution on the drop surface was constructed. Typical results for the stream function and temperature fields as well as the migration velocity of the bubble were obtained in the quasistatic limit. The motion of bubbles in a rotating body of liquid was studied experimentally, and an approximate theoretical model was developed. Comparison of the experimental observations of the bubble trajectories and centering times with theoretical predictions lends qualified support to the theory.

  6. Bank Size and Small- and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) Lending: Evidence from China.

    PubMed

    Shen, Yan; Shen, Minggao; Xu, Zhong; Bai, Ying

    2009-04-01

    Using panel data collected in 2005, we evaluate how bank size, discretion over credit, incentive schemes, competition, and the institutional environment affect lending to small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. We deal with the endogeneity problem using instrumental variables, and a reduced-form approach is also applied to allow for weak instruments in estimation. We find that total bank asset is an insignificant factor for banks' decision on small- and medium-enterprise (SME) lending, but more local lending authority, more competition, carefully designed incentive schemes, and stronger law enforcement encourage commercial banks to lend to SMEs.

  7. Outcome study of brief relational-cultural therapy in a women's mental health center.

    PubMed

    Oakley, M Anne; Addison, Shirley C; Piran, Niva; Johnston, Gary J; Damianakis, Mary; Curry, Joyce; Dunbar, Christine; Weigeldt, Almuth

    2013-01-01

    The current study is the first to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief relational-cultural model of therapy in a community-based mental health center for women. The study was distinctive in its use of a hybrid model that employed elements of randomized control and naturalistic design. Results showed that the entire treatment group of 91 women improved significantly on all eight outcome measures. Therapeutic gains were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. The results lend support to the importance of including relational-cultural factors in the treatment of women. An adherence scale/manual was developed and implemented and will allow for replication.

  8. Statistical studies in stellar rotation 2: A method of analyzing rotational coupling in double stars and an introduction to its applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bernacca, P. L.

    1971-01-01

    The correlation between the equatorial velocities of the components of double stars is studied from a statistical standpoint. A theory of rotational correlation is developed and discussed with regard to its applicability to existing observations. The theory is then applied to a sample of visual binaries which are the least studied for rotational coupling. Consideration of eclipsing systems and spectroscopic binaries is limited to show how the degrees of freedom in the spin parallelism problem can be reduced. The analysis lends support to the existence of synchronism in closely spaced binaries.

  9. HIV Stigma and Its Relation to Mental, Physical and Social Health Among Black Women Living with HIV/AIDS.

    PubMed

    Travaglini, Letitia E; Himelhoch, Seth S; Fang, Li Juan

    2018-02-07

    Black women living with HIV/AIDS (LWHA) are a subgroup with the highest growing rates of HIV infection in the United States. Stigma and co-occurring mental and physical health problems have been reported among Black women LWHA, and research on the benefits of social and religious support, often major protective factors among Black women, has been met with mixed findings. The current study examined the relation between anticipated HIV stigma and mental and physical health symptoms and risk and protective factors (discrimination, coping, social support) among Black women LWHA (N = 220). Results showed that greater anticipated stigma was significantly related to poorer mental health status, greater discrimination, and greater use of negative coping strategies. Stigma was not related to physical health, perceived social support or use of positive coping strategies. This study lends support to the need for psychosocial interventions that reduce anticipated stigma among individuals LWHA, particularly Black women LWHA.

  10. Developing a green lending model for renewable energy project (case study electricity from biogas fuel at Palm Oil Industry)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sukirman, Y. A.

    2018-03-01

    In the last two decades, development initiatives solely aimed to generate economic growth has been placed under scrutiny, particularly amidst the rampant discussion on the quality decline of the environment, growing social divide and climate change along with its implications thereof. Considerations of the negative impacts brought about by the economic development process prompted the move to adopt the sustainable financing model that gives precedence to economic, environmental and social aspects. We introduced Green Lending Model for Renewable Energy Project (Case Study Electricity From Biogas at Palm Oil Industry) based on sustainability financing, which is used as variable to implementing financial institutions’ lending policies. There are two major trends in the literature relating to sustainability and the banking industry: external and internal practices. The external practices strand analyzes the relevance of sustainability to the bank’s communication with shareholders and other stakeholders, and how investors use it as a measure to help achieve optimal portfolio allocation. The internal practices literature, more relevant to the present work, studies how sustainability criteria are integrated into risk management models and lending practices. Its first implementation is in the Palm Oil industry at South Sumatera. The results explained that sustainability is not related to profit either from a short- or long-term perspective. The Sustainable Green Lending Model is related to the Equator Principles and its application is driven to project financing. It also related with short- and long-term risks and opportunities, instead of short-term sustainability impacts.

  11. 76 FR 60600 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Supplemental Quarterly Report (Small Business Lending...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-29

    ... should be directed to Manager (Communications, Research and External Affairs), Small Business Lending... (Small Business Lending Fund, SBLF) AGENCY: Office of Domestic Finance, Treasury. [[Page 60601

  12. Bank Size and Small- and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) Lending: Evidence from China

    PubMed Central

    SHEN, YAN; SHEN, MINGGAO; XU, ZHONG; BAI, YING

    2014-01-01

    Summary Using panel data collected in 2005, we evaluate how bank size, discretion over credit, incentive schemes, competition, and the institutional environment affect lending to small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. We deal with the endogeneity problem using instrumental variables, and a reduced-form approach is also applied to allow for weak instruments in estimation. We find that total bank asset is an insignificant factor for banks’ decision on small- and medium-enterprise (SME) lending, but more local lending authority, more competition, carefully designed incentive schemes, and stronger law enforcement encourage commercial banks to lend to SMEs. PMID:26052179

  13. Intergroup contact and beliefs about homosexuality in adolescence.

    PubMed

    Heinze, Justin E; Horn, Stacey S

    2009-08-01

    This study examines the relationship between intergroup contact and adolescents' attitudes regarding homosexuality and the treatment of lesbian and gay (LG) peers. Fourteen- through 18-year-olds (n = 1,069, 59.7% females) completed self-report attitude and judgment questionnaires about the acceptability of homosexuality, levels of comfort around LG peers, and the acceptability of excluding or teasing an LG peer. The results suggest that having an LG friend is related to more positive attitudes toward homosexuals/homosexuality and less tolerance toward the unfair treatment of LG peers. The findings lend further support to intergroup contact theory and provide evidence that the intimacy of contact is related to prejudice reduction, and offer general support that age is related to prejudicial attitudes, but less so to prejudicial behaviors.

  14. Welcome to the National Wetlands Research Center Library: Successful Research Begins @ Your Library

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Broussard, Linda

    2007-01-01

    The National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) library is part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is the only USGS library dedicated to wetland science. The mission of the NWRC library is to support the research and information needs of scientists, managers, and support personnel by providing a specialized, scientific collection of library materials and related information services that are responsive to and reflect internal and external customer needs and work processes. The NWRC library participates in international cataloging and resource sharing that allows libraries from throughout the world to borrow from its collections and lend to NWRC. This sharing of materials facilitates the research of other governmental agencies, universities, and those interested in the study of wetlands.

  15. Putting the Cart before the Horse: The Role of a Socio-Moral Atmosphere in an Inquiry-Based Curriculum

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Geiken, Rosemary; Van Meeteren, Beth Dykstra; Kato, Tsuguhiko

    2009-01-01

    Research lends support to inquiry-based curriculum demonstrating how social interaction, such as discussion and presentation, positively affects children's learning. As a result, teachers spend an inordinate amount of time and effort in planning investigations to develop skills in inquiry. However, many of them overlook the necessary foundation…

  16. A Student-Led Feedback Protocol on Writing Assignments in a History of Mathematics Course

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    White, Diana

    2014-01-01

    History of math courses are commonly offered in mathematics departments. Such courses naturally lend themselves to writing assignments, and a growing body of research supports writing as a means to learn mathematics. This article details two such assignments, providing an overview of the course in which they are situated, and a student-led…

  17. Analysis of K-factor for five-ply plywood

    Treesearch

    F.F. Wangarrd; George E. Woodson; William R. Wilcox

    1973-01-01

    K-factor has long been used as a modifier of section modulus in the calculation of bending moment for plywood beams. No comparable modification of moment of intertia is included in current recommendations for calculating plywood deflection at span-depth ratios of 30:1 or greater. Results of limited testing lend support to the authors' contention that, where "...

  18. The anthropology of dementia: a narrative perspective.

    PubMed

    Randall, William L

    2009-03-01

    This article draws on recent thinking in the field of narrative gerontology to lend support to Mahnaz Hashmi's "anthropological perspective" on dementia. From a narrative perspective, the relational component of human life--and thus of dementia--is underscored. Moreover, when the narrative dimensions of memory are considered, the line between "normal" and "pathological" is revealed as finer than commonly assumed.

  19. Observational evidence of the complementary relationship in regional evaporation lends strong support for Bouchet's hypothesis

    Treesearch

    Jorge A. Ramirez; Michael T. Hobbins; Thomas C. Brown

    2005-01-01

    Using independent observations of actual and potential evapotranspiration at a wide range of spatial scales, we provide direct observational evidence of the complementary relationship in regional evapotranspiration hypothesized by Bouchet in 1963. Bouchet proposed that, for large homogeneous surfaces with minimal advection of heat and moisture, potential and actual...

  20. Bio-inspired CO2 conversion by iron sulfide catalysts under sustainable conditions.

    PubMed

    Roldan, A; Hollingsworth, N; Roffey, A; Islam, H-U; Goodall, J B M; Catlow, C R A; Darr, J A; Bras, W; Sankar, G; Holt, K B; Hogarth, G; de Leeuw, N H

    2015-05-01

    The mineral greigite presents similar surface structures to the active sites found in many modern-day enzymes. We show that particles of greigite can reduce CO2 under ambient conditions into chemicals such as methanol, formic, acetic and pyruvic acid. Our results also lend support to the Origin of Life theory on alkaline hydrothermal vents.

  1. Analysis of K-factor for five-ply plywood

    Treesearch

    F. F. Wangaard; G. E. Woodson; W. R. Wilcox

    1973-01-01

    K-factor has long been used as a modifier of section modulus in the calculation of bending moment for plywood beams. No comparable modification of moment ot inertia is included in current reoommendations for calculating plywood deflection at span-depth ratios of 30:1 or greater. Results of limited testing lend support to the authors' contention...

  2. Estimating Background and Lunar Contribution to Neutrons Detected by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) Instrument

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Livengood, T. A.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Chin, G.; Boynton, W. V.; Evans, L. G.; Litvak, M. L.; McClanahan, T. P.; Sagdeev, R.; Sanin, A. B.; Starr, R. D.; Su, J. J.

    2014-12-01

    The fraction of hydrogen-bearing species embedded in planetary regolith can be determined from the ratio between measured epithermal neutron leakage flux and the flux measured from similar dry regolith. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft is equipped with the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) instrument to measure embedded hydrogen in the Moon's polar regions and elsewhere. We have investigated the relative contribution of lunar and non-lunar (spacecraft-sourced) neutrons by modeling maps of the measured count rate from three of the LEND detector systems using linear combinations of maps compiled from the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer (LPNS) and the LEND detectors, demonstrating that the two systems are compatible and enabling reference signal to be inferred to enable detecting hydrogen and hydrogen-bearing volatiles. The pole-to-equator contrast ratio in epithermal neutrons indicates that the average concentration of hydrogen in the Moon's polar regolith above 80° north or south latitude is ~110 ppmw, or 0.10±0.01 wt% water-equivalent hydrogen. Above 88° north or south, the concentration increases to ~140 ppmw, or 0.13±0.02 wt% water-equivalent hydrogen. Nearly identical suppression of neutron flux at both the north and south poles, despite differences in topography and distribution of permanently-shadowed regions, supports the contention that hydrogen is broadly distributed in the polar regions and increasingly concentrated approaching the poles. Similarity in the degree of neutron suppression in low-energy and high-energy epithermal neutrons suggests that the hydrogen fraction is relatively uniform with depth down to ~1 m; the neutron leakage flux is insensitive to greater depth.

  3. 77 FR 37265 - Lending Limits

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-21

    ... the Currency (OCC) is amending its regulation governing lending limits for national banks to consolidate the lending limit rules applicable to national banks and savings associations and remove its...: Jonathan Fink, Assistant Director, Bank Activities and Structure Division, (202) 874-5300; Heidi M. Thomas...

  4. 78 FR 17766 - Interagency Guidance on Leveraged Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-22

    ..., Board, and FDIC that engage in leveraged lending activities. The number of community banks with substantial involvement in leveraged lending is small; therefore, the agencies generally expect community... potential impact of stressful events and circumstances on borrowers' financial condition. Recent financial...

  5. Assessing the benefits of a rising tide: Educational attainment and increases in neighborhood socioeconomic advantage.

    PubMed

    Johnston, William R

    2017-02-01

    An emerging approach to studying associations between neighborhood contexts and educational outcomes is to estimate the outcomes of adolescents growing up in neighborhoods that are experiencing economic growth in comparison to peers that reside in economically stable or declining communities. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), I examine the association between education attainment and changes in socioeconomic advantage in urban neighborhoods between 1990 and 2000. I find that residing in a neighborhood that experiences economic improvements has a positive association with educational attainment for urban adolescents. Furthermore, race-based analyses suggest consistently positive associations for all race subgroups, lending support to protective models of neighborhood effects that argue high neighborhood SES supports positive outcomes for adolescents residing in these contexts. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Trait approach motivation moderates the aftereffects of self-control

    PubMed Central

    Crowell, Adrienne; Kelley, Nicholas J.; Schmeichel, Brandon J.

    2014-01-01

    Numerous experiments have found that exercising self-control reduces success on subsequent, seemingly unrelated self-control tasks. Such evidence lends support to a strength model that posits a limited and depletable resource underlying all manner of self-control. Recent theory and evidence suggest that exercising self-control may also increase approach-motivated impulse strength. The two studies reported here tested two implications of this increased approach motivation hypothesis. First, aftereffects of self-control should be evident even in responses that require little or no self-control. Second, participants higher in trait approach motivation should be particularly susceptible to such aftereffects. In support, exercising self-control led to increased optimism (Study 1) and broadened attention (Study 2), but only among individuals higher in trait approach motivation. These findings suggest that approach motivation is an important key to understanding the aftereffects of exercising self-control. PMID:25324814

  7. "Unequal opportunity": neighbourhood disadvantage and the chance to buy illegal drugs.

    PubMed

    Storr, C L; Chen, C-Y; Anthony, J C

    2004-03-01

    This study investigates whether subgroups of people living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods may be more likely to come into contact with drug dealers as compared with persons living in more advantaged areas, with due attention to male-female and race-ethnicity differences. Standardised survey data collected using stratified, multistage area probability sampling. United States of America, 1998. Nationally representative sample of household residents age 12 or older (n = 25 500). Evidence supports an inference that women are less likely to be approached by someone selling illegal drugs. The study found no more than modest and generally null racial and ethnicity differences, even for residents living within socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods, where chances to buy illegal drugs are found to be more common. Limitations of survey data always merit attention, but this study evidence lends support to the inference that physical and social characteristics of a neighbourhood can set the stage for opportunities to become involved with drugs.

  8. Routine Support to Parents and Stressors in Everyday Domains: Associations With Negative Affect and Cortisol.

    PubMed

    Savla, Jyoti; Zarit, Steven H; Almeida, David M

    2018-03-02

    Adult children are involved a myriad of roles including providing routine (non-caregiving) support to a parent. Yet we know little about whether providing routine support to a parent is stressful and whether it has any associations with stressors in other life domains. We use daily diary data (N = 127; Study Days = 424) from the National Study of Daily Experiences to determine whether providing routine support to an older parent is associated with higher negative affect and salivary cortisol. Results confirm that providing routine support and experiencing stressors at work were independently associated with negative affect and greater cortisol output. Stress reactions were not amplified, however, on days when adult children concurrently provided support to a parent and reported work stressors. Cutting back usual activities at work or home elevated negative affect but were not associated with an upsurge of cortisol production. Findings lend support to the caregiving career framework for understanding even casual routine assistance provided to a parent. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America 2017. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

  9. 76 FR 28504 - Lending and Investment

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-17

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Lending and Investment AGENCY: Office of... collection. Title of Proposal: Lending and Investment. OMB Number: 1550-0078. Form Number: N/A. Description: Current OTS regulations for the documentation of loans and investments for safety and soundness purposes...

  10. 76 FR 43385 - Lending and Investment

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-20

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Lending and Investment AGENCY: Office of... collection. Title of Proposal: Lending and Investment. OMB Number: 1550-0078. Form Number: N/A. Description: Current OTS regulations for the documentation of loans and investments for safety and soundness purposes...

  11. 77 FR 19417 - Proposed Guidance on Leveraged Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-30

    ... engaged in leveraged lending activities. The number of community banking organizations with substantial exposure to leveraged lending is very small; therefore the Agencies generally expect that community banking... that they understand their risks and the potential impact of stressful events and circumstances on...

  12. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  13. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  14. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  15. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  16. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  17. 24 CFR 202.12 - Title II.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...) General requirements—(i) Prohibition against excess variation. The customary lending practices of a mortgagee for its single family insured mortgages shall not provide for a variation in mortgage charge rates... section. (ii) Customary lending practices. The customary lending practices of a mortgagee include all...

  18. Mobilizing Public Markets to Finance Renewable Energy Projects: Insights from Expert Stakeholders

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Schwabe, P.; Mendelsohn, M.; Mormann, F.

    Financing renewable energy projects in the United States can be a complex process. Most equity investment in new renewable power production facilities is supported by tax credits and accelerated depreciation benefits, and is constrained by the pool of potential investors that can fully use these tax benefits and are willing to engage in complex financial structures. For debt financing, non-government lending has largely been provided by foreign banks that may be under future lending constraints due to economic and regulatory conditions. To discuss renewable energy financing challenges and to identify new sources of capital to the U.S. market, two roundtablemore » discussions were held with renewable energy and financing experts in April 2012. This report summarizes the key messages of those discussions and is designed to provide insights to the U.S. market and inform the international conversation on renewable energy financing innovations.« less

  19. Lending sociodynamics and economic instability

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hawkins, Raymond J.

    2011-11-01

    We show how the dynamics of economic instability and financial crises articulated by Keynes in the General Theory and developed by Minsky as the Financial Instability Hypothesis can be formalized using Weidlich’s sociodynamics of opinion formation. The model addresses both the lending sentiment of a lender in isolation as well as the impact on that lending sentiment of the behavior of other lenders. The risk associated with lending is incorporated through a stochastic treatment of loan dynamics that treats prepayment and default as competing risks. With this model we are able to generate endogenously the rapid changes in lending opinion that attend slow changes in lending profitability and find these dynamics to be consistent with the rise and collapse of the non-Agency mortgage-backed securities market in 2007/2008. As the parameters of this model correspond to well-known phenomena in cognitive and social psychology, we can both explain why economic instability has proved robust to advances in risk measurement and suggest how policy for reducing economic instability might be formulated in an experimentally sound manner.

  20. Regulation of bone by the adaptive immune system in arthritis

    PubMed Central

    2011-01-01

    Studies on the immune regulation of osteoclasts in rheumatoid arthritis have promoted the new research field of 'osteoimmunology', which investigates the interplay between the skeletal and immune systems at the molecular level. Accumulating evidence lends support to the theory that bone destruction associated with rheumatoid arthritis is caused by the enhanced activity of osteoclasts, resulting from the activation of a unique helper T cell subset, 'Th17 cells'. Understanding the interaction between osteoclasts and the adaptive immune system in rheumatoid arthritis and the molecular mechanisms of Th17 development will lead to the development of potentially effective therapeutic strategies. PMID:21635718

  1. Feature conjunctions and auditory sensory memory.

    PubMed

    Sussman, E; Gomes, H; Nousak, J M; Ritter, W; Vaughan, H G

    1998-05-18

    This study sought to obtain additional evidence that transient auditory memory stores information about conjunctions of features on an automatic basis. The mismatch negativity of event-related potentials was employed because its operations are based on information that is stored in transient auditory memory. The mismatch negativity was found to be elicited by a tone that differed from standard tones in a combination of its perceived location and frequency. The result lends further support to the hypothesis that the system upon which the mismatch negativity relies processes stimuli in an holistic manner. Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

  2. Predicting film genres with implicit ideals.

    PubMed

    Olney, Andrew McGregor

    2012-01-01

    We present a new approach to defining film genre based on implicit ideals. When viewers rate the likability of a film, they indirectly express their ideal of what a film should be. Across six studies we investigate the category structure that emerges from likability ratings and the category structure that emerges from the features of film. We further compare these data-driven category structures with human annotated film genres. We conclude that film genres are structured more around ideals than around features of film. This finding lends experimental support to the notion that film genres are set of shifting, fuzzy, and highly contextualized psychological categories.

  3. Economic impact and cost-effectiveness of fracture liaison services: a systematic review of the literature.

    PubMed

    Wu, C-H; Kao, I-J; Hung, W-C; Lin, S-C; Liu, H-C; Hsieh, M-H; Bagga, S; Achra, M; Cheng, T-T; Yang, R-S

    2018-06-01

    Fracture liaison services (FLS), implemented in different ways and countries, are reported to be a cost-effective or even a cost-saving secondary fracture prevention strategy. This presumed favorable cost-benefit relationship is encouraging and lends support to expanded implementation of FLS per International Osteoporosis Foundation Best Practice Standards. This study summarizes the economic impact and cost-effectiveness of FLS implemented to reduce subsequent fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. This systematic review identified studies reporting economic outcomes for FLS in osteoporotic patients aged 50 and older through a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, and PubMed of studies published January, 2000 to December, 2016. Grey literature (e.g., Google scholar, conference abstracts/posters) were also hand searched through February 2017. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and conducted full-text review on qualified articles. All disagreements were resolved by discussion between reviewers to reach consensus or by a third reviewer. In total, 23 qualified studies that evaluated the economic aspects of FLS were included: 16 cost-effectiveness studies, 2 cost-benefit analyses, and 5 studies of cost savings. Patient populations varied (prior fragility fracture, non-vertebral fracture, hip fracture, wrist fracture), and FLS strategies ranged from mail-based interventions to comprehensive nurse/physician-coordinated programs. Cost-effectiveness studies were conducted in Canada, Australia, USA, UK, Japan, Taiwan, and Sweden. FLS was cost-effective in comparisons with usual care or no treatment, regardless of the program intensity or the country in which the FLS was implemented (cost/QALY from $3023-$28,800 US dollars (USD) in Japan to $14,513-$112,877 USD in USA. Several studies documented cost savings. FLS, implemented in different ways and countries, are reported to be cost-effective or even cost-saving. This presumed favorable cost-benefit relationship is encouraging and lends support to expanded implementation of FLS per International Osteoporosis Foundation Best Practice Standards.

  4. Toward a sustainable European Network for Health Technology Assessment. The EUnetHTA project.

    PubMed

    Kristensen, F B; Chamova, J; Hansen, N W

    2006-03-01

    EUnetHTA is a recently initiated EU network aiming at connecting national HTA agencies, research institutions, and health ministries to enable an effective exchange of information and to lend support to health policy decisions by the Member States. The article briefly discusses the policy background, the specific objectives, and the project structure of the network.

  5. Near-horizon conformal symmetry and black hole entropy.

    PubMed

    Carlip, S

    2002-06-17

    Near an event horizon, the action of general relativity acquires a new asymptotic conformal symmetry. For two-dimensional dilaton gravity, this symmetry results in a chiral Virasoro algebra, and Cardy's formula for the density of states reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This lends support to the notion that black hole entropy is controlled universally by conformal symmetry near the horizon.

  6. Research by Design: Design-Based Research and the Higher Degree Research student

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kennedy-Clark, Shannon

    2013-01-01

    Design-based research lends itself to educational research as the aim of this approach is to develop and refine the design of artefacts, tools and curriculum and to advance existing theory or develop new theories that can support and lead to a deepened understanding of learning. This paper provides an overview of the potential benefits of using a…

  7. Funding the Pan American Materials Conference

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-06-01

    sufficient support and (b) senior invited speakers that lend prestige to the event. (a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals ( N /A for none...including journal references, in the following categories: (b) Papers published in non-peer-reviewed journals ( N /A for none) (c) Presentations...interesting lecture on the extraction of keratin from poultry feathers . The development of alloys for biomedical applications magnesium was described

  8. An Analysis of the Evolution of Public Responsibility for Secondary Education in the Town of Madison, Connecticut, 1821-1922.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Harder, Peter J.; Roberts, Arthur D.

    The development of public secondary education in one New England town is analyzed in order to lend historical perspective to current educational reform movements. This historical review shows a lack of broad public support for public secondary schools in Madison, Connecticut. Early in the 19th century, private academies provided secondary…

  9. EHS and FME Lend Their Expertise to NCI Campus Refurbishment Project | Poster

    Cancer.gov

    In October 2015, the NCI executive officer and the director of NCI’s Office of Space and Facilities Management (OSFM) announced a wide-ranging refurbishment plan for NCI at Frederick. Since then, a project team comprising members from the Office of Scientific Operations, the Management Operations Support Branch, OSFM, the Center for Cancer Research, the Environment, Health,

  10. 12 CFR 560.101 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... estate lending policies adopted pursuant to this section must: (i) Be consistent with safe and sound... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices...

  11. Legal Aspects of Public Lending Right.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hyatt, Dennis

    1981-01-01

    Discusses national differences, natural justice, and protection of tangible expressions in the copyright law and tactical and practical considerations regarding the legal aspects of author compensation for library lending. Special problems for public lending rights legislation (PLR) in the U.S. are cited. Eighteen references are provided. (CHC)

  12. 13 CFR 120.931 - 504 Lending limits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false 504 Lending limits. 120.931 Section 120.931 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) 504 Loans and Debentures § 120.931 504 Lending limits. The outstanding balance...

  13. 78 FR 56770 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Information Collection Renewal; Comment Request...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-13

    ... Activities: Information Collection Renewal; Comment Request; Lending Limits AGENCY: Office of the Comptroller... concerning renewal of its information collection titled, ``Lending Limits.'' DATES: Comments must be... information set forth in this document. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Lending Limits--12 CFR 32.9. Type of...

  14. Are blood group isoantigens lost from malignant prostatic epithelium? Immunohistochemical support for the preservation of the H isoantigen.

    PubMed Central

    Vowden, P.; Lowe, A. D.; Lennox, E. S.; Bleehen, N. M.

    1986-01-01

    Previous studies while demonstrating the presence of blood group isoantigens on normal prostatic epithelium have failed to identify such antigens on malignant prostatic tissue. Using a series of blood group specific monoclonal antibodies directed towards the A, B, H and Y antigens we have reinvestigated blood group isoantigen expression in both benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic adenocarcinoma. Results obtained from areas of benign prostatic hypertrophy are in broad agreement with those published however though we were unable to detect either A or B blood group isoantigens Type 2H and Y isoantigens were identified in 10 of the 12 tumours. These findings, while differing from previously reported results, lend support to the suggested connection between ontogenesis, oncogenesis and blood group isoantigen expression and also support the proposed link between Type 2 structures and malignant transformation. Images Figure 1 Figure 2 PMID:2421753

  15. 13 CFR 120.150 - What are SBA's lending criteria?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are SBA's lending criteria? 120.150 Section 120.150 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Policies Applying to All Business Loans Credit Criteria for Sba Loans § 120.150 What are SBA's lending...

  16. 12 CFR 211.12 - Lending limits and capital requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending limits and capital requirements. 211.12 Section 211.12 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM... Lending limits and capital requirements. (a) Acceptances of Edge corporations. (1) Limitations. An Edge...

  17. 12 CFR 560.121 - Investment in State housing corporations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ....121 Section 560.121 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.121... do so, may make investments in, commitments to invest in, loans to, or commitments to lend to any...

  18. 75 FR 71724 - Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA): Solicitation of Information on Changes in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-24

    ... Procedures Act (RESPA): Solicitation of Information on Changes in Warehouse Lending and Other Loan Funding... guidance under RESPA to address possible changes in warehouse lending and other financing mechanisms used... in recent years, and especially on how warehouse lending currently operates within residential real...

  19. 78 FR 10211 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request; Securities...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-13

    ... for OMB Review; Comment Request; Securities Lending by Employee Benefit Plans ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY...) sponsored information collection request (ICR) titled, ``Securities Lending by Employee Benefit Plans,'' [email protected] . Authority: 44 U.S.C. 3507(a)(1)(D). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Securities Lending by...

  20. 78 FR 69934 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Information Collection Renewal; Submission for OMB...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-21

    ... Activities: Information Collection Renewal; Submission for OMB Review; Lending Limits AGENCY: Office of the... concerning renewal of its information collection titled, ``Lending Limits.'' The OCC is also giving notice... INFORMATION: The OCC is seeking to renew, without change, the following collection: Title: Lending Limits--12...

  1. 12 CFR 613.3200 - International lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false International lending. 613.3200 Section 613.3200 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELIGIBILITY AND SCOPE OF FINANCING Financing for Banks Operating Under Title III of the Farm Credit Act § 613.3200 International lending. (a...

  2. 78 FR 66004 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection Renewal; Comment Request Re: Real...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-04

    ... Collection Renewal; Comment Request Re: Real Estate Lending Standards AGENCY: Federal Deposit Insurance... take this opportunity to comment on renewal of its information collection entitled Real Estate Lending... currently approved collections of information: Title: Real Estate Lending Standards. OMB Number: 3064-0112...

  3. 12 CFR 560.110 - Most favored lender usury preemption.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Section 560.110 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.110 Most favored... lending institution by the law of that state. If state law permits different interest charges on specified...

  4. 7 CFR 4280.23 - Requirements for lending from Revolving Loan Fund.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requirements for lending from Revolving Loan Fund. 4280.23 Section 4280.23 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL... Economic Development Loan and Grant Programs § 4280.23 Requirements for lending from Revolving Loan Fund...

  5. 75 FR 66553 - Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-28

    ... AGENCY: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. ACTION: Interim final rule; request for public comment. SUMMARY: The Board is publishing for public comment an interim final rule amending Regulation Z (Truth in Lending). The interim rule implements Section 129E of the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), which...

  6. They all do it, will you? Event-related potential evidence of herding behavior in online peer-to-peer lending.

    PubMed

    Yu, Haihong; Dan, MengHan; Ma, Qingguo; Jin, Jia

    2018-05-14

    As herding is a typical characteristic of human behavior, many researchers have found the existence of herding behavior in online peer-to-peer lending through empirical surveys. However, the underlying neural basis of this phenomenon is still unclear. In the current study, we studied the neural activities of herding at decision-making stage and feedback stage using event-related potentials (ERPs). Our results showed that at decision-making stage, larger error related negativity (ERN) amplitude was induced under low-proportion conditions than that of high-proportion conditions. Meanwhile, during feedback stage, negative feedback elicited larger feedback related negativity (FRN) amplitude than that of positive feedback under low-proportion conditions, however, there was no significant FRN difference under high-proportion conditions. The current study suggests that herding behavior in online peer-to-peer lending is related to individual's risk perception and is possible to avoid negative emotions brought by failed investments. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. An empirical study of statistical properties of variance partition coefficients for multi-level logistic regression models

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Li, Ji; Gray, B.R.; Bates, D.M.

    2008-01-01

    Partitioning the variance of a response by design levels is challenging for binomial and other discrete outcomes. Goldstein (2003) proposed four definitions for variance partitioning coefficients (VPC) under a two-level logistic regression model. In this study, we explicitly derived formulae for multi-level logistic regression model and subsequently studied the distributional properties of the calculated VPCs. Using simulations and a vegetation dataset, we demonstrated associations between different VPC definitions, the importance of methods for estimating VPCs (by comparing VPC obtained using Laplace and penalized quasilikehood methods), and bivariate dependence between VPCs calculated at different levels. Such an empirical study lends an immediate support to wider applications of VPC in scientific data analysis.

  8. 76 FR 40200 - Semiannual Regulatory Flexibility Agenda

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-07

    ...- 1404). 447 Regulation Z--Truth in 7100-AD55 Lending (Docket No. R- 1393). 448 Regulation Z--Truth in 7100-AD56 Lending (Docket No. R- 1394). FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (FRS) Final Rule Stage 445. Regulation Z... on March 2, 2011, a proposed rule that would amend Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) to implement...

  9. Collateral Damage: Interlibrary Loan Lending Denials

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Leykam, Andrew

    2009-01-01

    The intent of this paper is to explore the potential of utilizing interlibrary loan (ILL) data relating to lending denials to improve ILL services while highlighting institutional policies that have a negative impact on lending fulfillment rates. Reasons for denial as well as the types of requests being denied are reviewed. In addition, the author…

  10. 12 CFR 34.61 - Purpose and scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purpose and scope. 34.61 Section 34.61 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND APPRAISALS... standards for real estate lending to be used by national banks in adopting internal real estate lending...

  11. 37 CFR 201.24 - Warning of copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... software lending by nonprofit libraries. 201.24 Section 201.24 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights... copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries. (a) Definition. A Warning of Copyright for Software... States Code, as amended by the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990, Public Law 101-650. As...

  12. 37 CFR 201.24 - Warning of copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... software lending by nonprofit libraries. 201.24 Section 201.24 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights... copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries. (a) Definition. A Warning of Copyright for Software... States Code, as amended by the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990, Public Law 101-650. As...

  13. 37 CFR 201.24 - Warning of copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... software lending by nonprofit libraries. 201.24 Section 201.24 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights... copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries. (a) Definition. A Warning of Copyright for Software... States Code, as amended by the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990, Public Law 101-650. As...

  14. 37 CFR 201.24 - Warning of copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... software lending by nonprofit libraries. 201.24 Section 201.24 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights... copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries. (a) Definition. A Warning of Copyright for Software... States Code, as amended by the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990, Public Law 101-650. As...

  15. 37 CFR 201.24 - Warning of copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... software lending by nonprofit libraries. 201.24 Section 201.24 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights U.S... copyright for software lending by nonprofit libraries. (a) Definition. A Warning of Copyright for Software... States Code, as amended by the Computer Software Rental Amendments Act of 1990, Public Law 101-650. As...

  16. 12 CFR 613.3005 - Lending objective.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lending objective. 613.3005 Section 613.3005 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM ELIGIBILITY AND SCOPE OF FINANCING Financing Under Titles I and II of the Farm Credit Act § 613.3005 Lending objective. It is the objective of...

  17. 12 CFR 338.9 - Mortgage lending of a controlled entity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Mortgage lending of a controlled entity. 338.9 Section 338.9 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY FAIR HOUSING Recordkeeping § 338.9 Mortgage lending of a controlled entity. Any bank which...

  18. 13 CFR 120.150 - What are SBA's lending criteria?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What are SBA's lending criteria... Policies Applying to All Business Loans Credit Criteria for Sba Loans § 120.150 What are SBA's lending criteria? The applicant (including an Operating Company) must be creditworthy. Loans must be so sound as to...

  19. 34 CFR 682.608 - Termination of a school's lending eligibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 34 Education 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Termination of a school's lending eligibility. 682.608... Requirements, Standards, and Payments for Participating Schools § 682.608 Termination of a school's lending eligibility. (a) General. The Secretary may terminate a school's eligibility to make loans under this part if...

  20. Testing For Measurement Invariance of Attachment Across Chinese and American Adolescent Samples.

    PubMed

    Ren, Ling; Zhao, Jihong Solomon; He, Ni Phil; Marshall, Ineke Haen; Zhang, Hongwei; Zhao, Ruohui; Jin, Cheng

    2016-06-01

    Adolescent attachment to formal and informal institutions has emerged as a major focus of criminological theories since the publication of Hirschi's work in 1969. This study attempts to examine the psychometric equivalence of the factorial structure of attachment measures across nations reflecting Western and Eastern cultures. Twelve manifest variables are used tapping the concepts of adolescent attachment to parents, school, and neighborhood. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to conduct invariance test across approximately 3,000 Chinese and U.S. adolescents. Results provide strong support for a three-factor model; the multigroup invariance tests reveal mixed results. While the family attachment measure appears invariant between the two samples, significant differences in the coefficients of the factor loadings are detected in the school attachment and neighborhood attachment measures. The results of regression analyses lend support to the predictive validity of three types of attachment. Finally, the limitations of the study are discussed. © The Author(s) 2015.

  1. Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery: the role of perceived self-efficacy.

    PubMed

    Benight, Charles C; Bandura, Albert

    2004-10-01

    The present article integrates findings from diverse studies on the generalized role of perceived coping self-efficacy in recovery from different types of traumatic experiences. They include natural disasters, technological catastrophes, terrorist attacks, military combat, and sexual and criminal assaults. The various studies apply multiple controls for diverse sets of potential contributors to posttraumatic recovery. In these different multivariate analyses, perceived coping self-efficacy emerges as a focal mediator of posttraumatic recovery. Verification of its independent contribution to posttraumatic recovery across a wide range of traumas lends support to the centrality of the enabling and protective function of belief in one's capability to exercise some measure of control over traumatic adversity.

  2. Tell Me a Story: A Literacy-Based Intervention to Help Children, Early Care Providers, and Parents Talk about Difficult Topics

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beardslee, William R.; Bartlett, Jessica Dym; Ayoub, Catherine

    2014-01-01

    The use of storytelling and discussion about difficult topics naturally lends itself to early skill development in both social-emotional and academic (i.e., emergent literacy) domains. In this article, the authors present initial information on the efficacy and feasibility of Tell Me A Story (TMAS), a program focused on supporting early childhood…

  3. East Europe Report, Economic and Industrial Affairs, No. 2409

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-06-09

    technologically unsophisticated or because they do not correspond to the necessity for locating facilities rationally in terms of the natural and...Geological explorations and drilling in search of ore and nonmetalliferous min- eral deposits, cooperation in technology , extraction and processing...agreed to lend support and to encourage cooperation in the production of and trade in ready-to-wear clothing, knitwear , shoes, leather goods etc. 5

  4. Dynamical behaviour in coronal loops

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Haisch, Bernhard M.

    1986-01-01

    Rapid variability has been found in two active region coronal loops observed by the X-ray Polychromator (XRP) and the Hard X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (HXIS) onboard the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM). There appear to be surprisingly few observations of the short-time scale behavior of hot loops, and the evidence presented herein lends support to the hypothesis that coronal heating may be impulsive and driven by flaring.

  5. Dynamical behaviour in coronal loops

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Haisch, Bernhard M.

    Rapid variability has been found in two active region coronal loops observed by the X-ray Polychromator (XRP) and the Hard X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (HXIS) onboard the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM). There appear to be surprisingly few observations of the short-time scale behavior of hot loops, and the evidence presented herein lends support to the hypothesis that coronal heating may be impulsive and driven by flaring.

  6. Commander’s Guide to Money as a Weapons System: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-04-01

    services and expand commercial lending through microfinance institutions and banks. • The Iraq Rapid Assistance Program allows provincial reconstruction...rate of over 98 percent. There are presently three international microfinance institutions serving Iraqis: Al Thiqa (operated by Agricultural...International. USAID currently supports six indigenous microfinance institutions: Al-Aman in Kirkuk; Al Bashair in Baghdad; Al Takadum with offices in Al

  7. Peer-to-peer lending and bias in crowd decision-making

    PubMed Central

    Uparna, Jayaram; Karampourniotis, Panagiotis; Horvat, Emoke-Agnes; Szymanski, Boleslaw; Korniss, Gyorgy; Bakdash, Jonathan Z.; Uzzi, Brian

    2018-01-01

    Peer-to-peer lending is hypothesized to help equalize economic opportunities for the world’s poor. We empirically investigate the “flat-world” hypothesis, the idea that globalization eventually leads to economic equality, using crowdfinancing data for over 660,000 loans in 220 nations and territories made between 2005 and 2013. Contrary to the flat-world hypothesis, we find that peer-to-peer lending networks are moving away from flatness. Furthermore, decreasing flatness is strongly associated with multiple variables: relatively stable patterns in the difference in the per capita GDP between borrowing and lending nations, ongoing migration flows from borrowing to lending nations worldwide, and the existence of a tie as a historic colonial. Our regression analysis also indicates a spatial preference in lending for geographically proximal borrowers. To estimate the robustness for these patterns for future changes, we construct a network of borrower and lending nations based on the observed data. Then, to perturb the network, we stochastically simulate policy and event shocks (e.g., erecting walls) or regulatory shocks (e.g., Brexit). The simulations project a drift towards rather than away from flatness. However, levels of flatness persist only for randomly distributed shocks. By contrast, loss of the top borrowing nations produces more flatness, not less, indicating how the welfare of the overall system is tied to a few distinctive and critical country–pair relationships. PMID:29590131

  8. Peer-to-peer lending and bias in crowd decision-making.

    PubMed

    Singh, Pramesh; Uparna, Jayaram; Karampourniotis, Panagiotis; Horvat, Emoke-Agnes; Szymanski, Boleslaw; Korniss, Gyorgy; Bakdash, Jonathan Z; Uzzi, Brian

    2018-01-01

    Peer-to-peer lending is hypothesized to help equalize economic opportunities for the world's poor. We empirically investigate the "flat-world" hypothesis, the idea that globalization eventually leads to economic equality, using crowdfinancing data for over 660,000 loans in 220 nations and territories made between 2005 and 2013. Contrary to the flat-world hypothesis, we find that peer-to-peer lending networks are moving away from flatness. Furthermore, decreasing flatness is strongly associated with multiple variables: relatively stable patterns in the difference in the per capita GDP between borrowing and lending nations, ongoing migration flows from borrowing to lending nations worldwide, and the existence of a tie as a historic colonial. Our regression analysis also indicates a spatial preference in lending for geographically proximal borrowers. To estimate the robustness for these patterns for future changes, we construct a network of borrower and lending nations based on the observed data. Then, to perturb the network, we stochastically simulate policy and event shocks (e.g., erecting walls) or regulatory shocks (e.g., Brexit). The simulations project a drift towards rather than away from flatness. However, levels of flatness persist only for randomly distributed shocks. By contrast, loss of the top borrowing nations produces more flatness, not less, indicating how the welfare of the overall system is tied to a few distinctive and critical country-pair relationships.

  9. 13 CFR 120.714 - How are grants made to non-lending technical assistance providers (NTAP)?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How are grants made to non-lending technical assistance providers (NTAP)? 120.714 Section 120.714 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Microloan Program § 120.714 How are grants made to non-lending technical assistance...

  10. 12 CFR 723.3 - What are the requirements for construction and development lending?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the requirements for construction and development lending? 723.3 Section 723.3 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS... development lending? Except as provided in § 723.4 or unless your Regional Director grants a waiver, loans...

  11. South Carolina's SC LENDS: Optimizing Libraries, Transforming Lending

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hamby, Rogan; McBride, Ray; Lundberg, Maria

    2011-01-01

    Since SC LENDS started operating in June 2009, more public libraries have come on board. All of this on the back end connects to a Mozilla-based staff client that has distributions for Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows, using SSL encryption to keep communications secure and private between remote libraries and the servers hosted at a high-end…

  12. Controversies in psychotherapy research: epistemic differences in assumptions about human psychology.

    PubMed

    Shean, Glenn D

    2013-01-01

    It is the thesis of this paper that differences in philosophical assumptions about the subject matter and treatment methods of psychotherapy have contributed to disagreements about the external validity of empirically supported therapies (ESTs). These differences are evident in the theories that are the basis for both the design and interpretation of recent psychotherapy efficacy studies. The natural science model, as applied to psychotherapy outcome research, transforms the constitutive features of the study subject in a reciprocal manner so that problems, treatments, and indicators of effectiveness are limited to what can be directly observed. Meaning-based approaches to therapy emphasize processes and changes that do not lend themselves to experimental study. Hermeneutic philosophy provides a supplemental model to establishing validity in those instances where outcome indicators do not lend themselves to direct observation and measurement and require "deep" interpretation. Hermeneutics allows for a broadening of psychological study that allows one to establish a form of validity that is applicable when constructs do not refer to things that literally "exist" in nature. From a hermeneutic perspective the changes that occur in meaning-based therapies must be understood and evaluated on the manner in which they are applied to new situations, the logical ordering and harmony of the parts with the theoretical whole, and the capability of convincing experts and patients that the interpretation can stand up against other ways of understanding. Adoption of this approach often is necessary to competently evaluate the effectiveness of meaning-based therapies.

  13. Assaults on Inmates and Staff by Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Homicide: An Examination of Competing Hypotheses.

    PubMed

    Sorensen, Jonathan R; Vigen, Mark P; Woods, S O; Williams, Bradley D

    2015-11-01

    The current study presents the results of an analysis of serious and assaultive prison rule violating behavior among male perpetrators of intimate partner homicide (IPH). Data on prison rule violations were collected from a sample of 189 inmates convicted of IPH in a large, southern prison system. The study focused on the degree of continuity in violent behavior among IPH offenders from the community to the prison setting. The current study tested hypotheses derived from both the feminist perspective (FP) and the general violence perspective (GVP). As a group, IPH offenders were better behaved in prison than other incarcerated homicide offenders, thereby offering some support for the FP. However, the lower level of assaultive behavior among the group was not universal. Characteristics associated with continued violent offending in the prison environment were the same as those found in previous studies of incarcerated homicide offenders, thereby lending greater support to the GVP. © The Author(s) 2014.

  14. The effects of visual stimulation and selective visual attention on rhythmic neuronal synchronization in macaque area V4.

    PubMed

    Fries, Pascal; Womelsdorf, Thilo; Oostenveld, Robert; Desimone, Robert

    2008-04-30

    Selective attention lends relevant sensory input priority access to higher-level brain areas and ultimately to behavior. Recent studies have suggested that those neurons in visual areas that are activated by an attended stimulus engage in enhanced gamma-band (30-70 Hz) synchronization compared with neurons activated by a distracter. Such precise synchronization could enhance the postsynaptic impact of cells carrying behaviorally relevant information. Previous studies have used the local field potential (LFP) power spectrum or spike-LFP coherence (SFC) to indirectly estimate spike synchronization. Here, we directly demonstrate zero-phase gamma-band coherence among spike trains of V4 neurons. This synchronization was particularly evident during visual stimulation and enhanced by selective attention, thus confirming the pattern inferred from LFP power and SFC. We therefore investigated the time course of LFP gamma-band power and found rapid dynamics consistent with interactions of top-down spatial and feature attention with bottom-up saliency. In addition to the modulation of synchronization during visual stimulation, selective attention significantly changed the prestimulus pattern of synchronization. Attention inside the receptive field of the recorded neuronal population enhanced gamma-band synchronization and strongly reduced alpha-band (9-11 Hz) synchronization in the prestimulus period. These results lend further support for a functional role of rhythmic neuronal synchronization in attentional stimulus selection.

  15. 12 CFR 218.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 218.772 Section 218.772 Banks and Banking FEDERAL... OF BROKER IN THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (REGULATION R) § 218.772 Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. (a) A bank is exempt from the...

  16. 12 CFR 218.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 218.772 Section 218.772 Banks and Banking FEDERAL... OF BROKER IN THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (REGULATION R) § 218.772 Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. (a) A bank is exempt from the...

  17. 12 CFR 218.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 218.772 Section 218.772 Banks and Banking FEDERAL... OF BROKER IN THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (REGULATION R) § 218.772 Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. (a) A bank is exempt from the...

  18. 12 CFR 218.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 218.772 Section 218.772 Banks and Banking FEDERAL... OF BROKER IN THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (REGULATION R) § 218.772 Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. (a) A bank is exempt from the...

  19. 12 CFR 218.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 218.772 Section 218.772 Banks and Banking FEDERAL... OF BROKER IN THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (REGULATION R) § 218.772 Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. (a) A bank is exempt from the...

  20. 12 CFR Appendix III to Part 27 - Fair Housing Lending Inquiry/Application Log Sheet

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fair Housing Lending Inquiry/Application Log Sheet III Appendix III to Part 27 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FAIR HOUSING HOME LOAN DATA SYSTEM Pt. 27, App. III Appendix III to Part 27—Fair Housing Lending...

  1. Assessing the Progress of Reauthorization: An Examination of Direct Lending.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, Washington, DC.

    This paper offers information and analysis of the direct lending portion of the reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965. The direct lending proposal is described in an opening letter to the reader as a provision that would make the Pell Grant Program an entitlement and raise the maximum award to $4,500 with provisions that would…

  2. 12 CFR 32.7 - Residential real estate loans, small business loans, and small farm loans (“Supplemental Lending...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Residential real estate loans, small business loans, and small farm loans (âSupplemental Lending Limits Programâ). 32.7 Section 32.7 Banks and Banking..., small business loans, and small farm loans (“Supplemental Lending Limits Program”). (a) Residential real...

  3. 12 CFR 32.7 - Residential real estate loans, small business loans, and small farm loans (“Supplemental Lending...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Residential real estate loans, small business loans, and small farm loans (âSupplemental Lending Limits Programâ). 32.7 Section 32.7 Banks and Banking..., small business loans, and small farm loans (“Supplemental Lending Limits Program”). (a) Residential real...

  4. Predicting Film Genres with Implicit Ideals

    PubMed Central

    Olney, Andrew McGregor

    2013-01-01

    We present a new approach to defining film genre based on implicit ideals. When viewers rate the likability of a film, they indirectly express their ideal of what a film should be. Across six studies we investigate the category structure that emerges from likability ratings and the category structure that emerges from the features of film. We further compare these data-driven category structures with human annotated film genres. We conclude that film genres are structured more around ideals than around features of film. This finding lends experimental support to the notion that film genres are set of shifting, fuzzy, and highly contextualized psychological categories. PMID:23423823

  5. Effects on resilience of women family caregivers of adults with serious mental illness: the role of positive cognitions.

    PubMed

    Zauszniewski, Jaclene A; Bekhet, Abir K; Suresky, M Jane

    2009-12-01

    This study examined the effects of risk and protective factors on resilience in 60 women family members of adults with serious mental illness. Both the risk factors constituting caregiver burden (strain, stigma, client dependence, and family disruption) and protective factors, including eight positive cognitions were found to predict two indicators of resilience: resourcefulness and sense of coherence. The effects of caregiver burden on resourcefulness and sense of coherence were mediated by positive cognitions, lending support to resilience theory and suggesting the need to develop interventions to encourage positive thinking among women caregivers of adults with mental illness.

  6. STUDIES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EXPERIMENTAL DYSENTERY INTOXICATION

    PubMed Central

    Penner, Abraham; Bernheim, Alice Ida

    1960-01-01

    The introduction of Shiga toxin into the ventricular system of the brain with major location in the third ventricle resulted in a response similar to that following the administration of the toxin either intravenously or by cross-circulation. The intravenous administration at the dosage level employed would have elicited no response. These observations lend support to the hypothesis that Shiga toxin activates some mechanisms in the central nervous system which are capable of producing visceral lesions. These mechanisms are those which control the vasomotor components of homeostasis. This hypothesis permits an explanation of the proximo-distal and intramural features of the lesion. PMID:13734126

  7. Distributional learning aids linguistic category formation in school-age children.

    PubMed

    Hall, Jessica; Owen VAN Horne, Amanda; Farmer, Thomas

    2018-05-01

    The goal of this study was to determine if typically developing children could form grammatical categories from distributional information alone. Twenty-seven children aged six to nine listened to an artificial grammar which contained strategic gaps in its distribution. At test, we compared how children rated novel sentences that fit the grammar to sentences that were ungrammatical. Sentences could be distinguished only through the formation of categories of words with shared distributional properties. Children's ratings revealed that they could discriminate grammatical and ungrammatical sentences. These data lend support to the hypothesis that distributional learning is a potential mechanism for learning grammatical categories in a first language.

  8. Race, Space, and Cumulative Disadvantage: A Case Study of the Subprime Lending Collapse.

    PubMed

    Rugh, Jacob S; Albright, Len; Massey, Douglas S

    2015-05-01

    In this article, we describe how residential segregation and individual racial disparities generate racialized patterns of subprime lending and lead to financial loss among black borrowers in segregated cities. We conceptualize race as a cumulative disadvantage because of its direct and indirect effects on socioeconomic status at the individual and neighborhood levels, with consequences that reverberate across a borrower's life and between generations. Using Baltimore, Maryland as a case study setting, we combine data from reports filed under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act with additional loan-level data from mortgage-backed securities. We find that race and neighborhood racial segregation are critical factors explaining black disadvantage across successive stages in the process of lending and foreclosure, controlling for differences in borrower credit scores, income, occupancy status, and loan-to-value ratios. We analyze the cumulative cost of predatory lending to black borrowers in terms of reduced disposable income and lost wealth. We find the cost to be substantial. Black borrowers paid an estimated additional 5 to 11 percent in monthly payments and those that completed foreclosure in the sample lost an excess of $2 million in home equity. These costs were magnified in mostly black neighborhoods and in turn heavily concentrated in communities of color. By elucidating the mechanisms that link black segregation to discrimination we demonstrate how processes of cumulative disadvantage continue to undermine black socioeconomic status in the United States today.

  9. Evaluation of Bikers Against Child Abuse (BACA) program: A community intervention for child abuse victims.

    PubMed

    Ray, Dee C; Lilly, J P; Gallina, Nancy; MacIan, Paula; Wilson, Brittany

    2017-12-01

    Children who have experienced physical abuse benefit from a multitude of community interventions including support programs to address emotional and behavioral stability. This pilot study evaluated the services of Bikers Against Child Abuse (BACA), a community of bikers lending intervention to abused children, using a pre/post exploratory design. Participants (N=154) were children who had been referred by parents/guardians for current or past physical and/or sexual abuse. Parents/guardians of children were interviewed four times over a course of one year. Results indicated children demonstrated substantial improvements in their overall levels of emotional distress, conduct concerns, hyperactivity, and behavioral and emotional functioning. Overall, results support the premise that services provided by BACA may serve as a unique intervention for children who have experienced abuse. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Exploration of Volatile Resources on the Moon with the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Livengood, T. A.; Boynton, W. V.; Sanin, A.; Chin, G.; Litvak, M.; McClanahan, T. P.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Sagdeev, R.

    2013-12-01

    The Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is tasked with evaluating the quantity of hydrogen-bearing species within the upper meter of lunar regolith; investigating the presence and distribution of possible water-ice deposits in permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) near the poles; and determining the neutron contribution to total radiation dose at 50 km altitude above the Moon. To fulfill these goals, LEND has been mapping the distribution of thermal and epithermal neutron leakage flux since LRO entered its mapping orbit in September 2009. LRO moved to an elliptical orbit in December 2011, with 30 km periselene over the south pole and aposelene above the north pole. During the commissioning phase of the mission, July-September 2009, LEND obtained preliminary mapping of hydrogen/water deposits near the south pole that contributed to site-selection for the LCROSS impact. Global maps of neutron leakage flux measured with LEND show regional variation in thermal (energy < 0.015 eV) and fast (>0.5 MeV) neutrons, and map epithermal neutron flux globally. Spatial resolution of the collimated detector is consistent with the design value of 5 km radius for half the detected lunar epithermal neutrons, with the remainder spatially diffuse. Statistically significant neutron-suppressed regions (NSRs) are not closely related to polar PSRs. Outside of the NSRs, hydrogen content increases directly with latitude at both poles. Thermal volatilization of water deposits may be responsible for increasing H concentrations nearer the poles because it is minimized at the low surface temperature of the poles. Significant neutron suppression regions (NSRs) relative to neighboring regions have been found in three large PSRs, Shoemaker and Cabeus in the south and Rozhdestvensky U in the north. Some small PSRs display excess neutron emission compared to the sunlit vicinity. On average, PSRs other than these three do not contain significantly more hydrogen than sunlit areas around them at the same latitude. Correlation between neutron suppression measured by LEND and illumination models for the Moon's polar regions suggests that insolation at the poles is an important factor in locally modulating hydrogen concentrations so that the highest concentrations of hydrogen appear to be on poleward-facing vs. equator-facing slopes. Epithermal neutron flux is slightly suppressed near the dawn terminator at near-equatorial latitude, with least suppression in local lunar mid-afternoon, implying a mobile population of hydrogen-bearing volatiles near the terminator that resides transiently in the regolith. The observed pattern supports hypothesized mineral hydration at the terminator in the form of H2O/OH.

  11. Court Documents Related to Martin Luther King, Jr., and Memphis Sanitation Workers. The Constitution Community: Postwar United States (1945 to Early 1970s).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perry, Douglas

    During inclement weather in Memphis, Tennessee in February 1968, two separate incidents caused black sanitation workers to strike for job safety, better wages and benefits, and union recognition. Mayor Henry Loeb was unsympathetic and opposed to the union. Martin Luther King agreed to lend his support to the sanitation workers and spoke at a rally…

  12. Catastrophic Health Insurance. Hearing before the Committee on Finance. United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, First Session. Part 1 of 3.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Finance.

    This document is the first of three documents which present the Senate hearings on catastrophic health insurance called to determine how the private sector and the government can work together to lend support to the elderly and their families when they are threatened by catastrophic illness and to examine the issue of coverage of catastrophic…

  13. Tellurium content of marine manganese oxides and other manganese oxides

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Lakin, H.W.; Thompson, C.E.; Davidson, D.F.

    1963-01-01

    Tellurium in amounts ranging from 5 to 125 parts per million was present in all of 12 samples of manganese oxide nodules from the floor of the Pacific and Indian oceans. These samples represent the first recognized points of high tellurium concentration in a sedimentary cycle. The analyses may lend support to the theory that the minor-element content of seafloor manganese nodules is derived from volcanic emanations.

  14. Convergent Synthesis and Structural Confirmation of Phellodonin and Sarcodonin ε

    PubMed Central

    Usui, Ippei; Lin, David W.; Masuda, Takeshi

    2013-01-01

    The first synthesis of members of the sarcodonin family, phellodonin and sarcodonin ε, is reported herein. This verifies that the unprecedented and seemingly unstable N,N-dioxide-containing benzodioxazine framework can be constructed in the laboratory, and lends further support to the proposed structures. The key step in the synthesis involves a biomimetic hetero-Diels–Alder reaction between a pyrazine N-oxide and an ortho-quinone. PMID:23577748

  15. Sub-Saharan Africa Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-04-01

    election, for only then can they successfully fight what they see as the threat of a black government resulting from government policy. The...careful. What is happening in Bisho and Mabatho can easily spill over to our comfortable South Africa. History has proved that these things have a...see what support they they can lend to getting rid of the National Party Govern- ment. Different A series of tenuous alliances is enticing- ly

  16. DNA-DNA hybridization-based phylogeny for "higher" nonpasserines: reevaluating a key portion of the avian family tree.

    PubMed

    Bleiweiss, R; Kirsch, J A; Lapointe, F J

    1994-09-01

    A matrix of delta T mode values for 10 birds, including 9 nonpasserines and a suboscine passerine flycatcher, was generated by DNA-DNA hybridization. Within the most derived lineages, all bootstrapped and jackknifed FITCH trees lend strong support to sister-groupings of the two swift families, of hummingbirds to swifts, and of these to a clade containing both owls and night-hawks. The outgroup duck roots the tree between the woodpecker (Piciformes) and the remaining taxa, indicating that Piciformes are among the earliest branches within nonpasserines. However, the succeeding branches to kingfisher, mousebird, and suboscine passerine flycatcher are based on short internodes that are poorly supported by bootstrapping and that give inconsistent results in jackknifing. Although these 3 orders may have arisen through rapid or near-simultaneous divergence, placement of the "advanced" Passeriformes deep within a more "primitive" radiation indicates that nonpasserines are paraphyletic, echoing the same distinction for reptiles with respect to their advanced descendants. Despite significant rate variation among different taxa, these results largely concur with those obtained with the same technique by Sibley and Ahlquist, who used the delta T50H measure and UPGMA analysis. This agreement lends credence to some of their more controversial claims.

  17. The In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil in Combination with Other Aroma-Therapeutic Oils

    PubMed Central

    de Rapper, Stephanie; Kamatou, Guy; Viljoen, Alvaro

    2013-01-01

    The antimicrobial activity of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil was assessed in combination with 45 other oils to establish possible interactive properties. The composition of the selected essential oils was confirmed using GC-MS with a flame ionization detector. The microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was undertaken, whereby the fractional inhibitory concentration (ΣFIC) was calculated for the oil combinations. When lavender oil was assayed in 1 : 1 ratios with other oils, synergistic (26.7%), additive (48.9%), non-interactive (23.7%), and antagonistic (0.7%) interactions were observed. When investigating different ratios of the two oils in combination, the most favourable interactions were when L. angustifolia was combined with Cinnamomum zeylanicum or with Citrus sinensis, against C. albicans and S. aureus, respectively. In 1 : 1 ratios, 75.6% of the essential oils investigated showed either synergistic or additive results, lending in vitro credibility to the use of essential oil blends in aroma-therapeutic practices. Within the field of aromatherapy, essential oils are commonly employed in mixtures for the treatment of infectious diseases; however, very little evidence exists to support the use in combination. This study lends some credence to the concomitant use of essential oils blended with lavender. PMID:23737850

  18. 17 CFR 240.3a5-3 - Exemption from the definition of “dealer” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., corporate action, recordkeeping or other services incidental to the administration of the securities lending... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âdealerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 240.3a5-3 Section 240.3a5-3...

  19. 17 CFR 240.3a5-3 - Exemption from the definition of “dealer” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ..., corporate action, recordkeeping or other services incidental to the administration of the securities lending... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âdealerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 240.3a5-3 Section 240.3a5-3...

  20. 17 CFR 240.3a5-3 - Exemption from the definition of “dealer” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ..., corporate action, recordkeeping or other services incidental to the administration of the securities lending... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âdealerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 240.3a5-3 Section 240.3a5-3...

  1. 17 CFR 240.3a5-3 - Exemption from the definition of “dealer” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ..., corporate action, recordkeeping or other services incidental to the administration of the securities lending... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âdealerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 240.3a5-3 Section 240.3a5-3...

  2. 17 CFR 240.3a5-3 - Exemption from the definition of “dealer” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ..., corporate action, recordkeeping or other services incidental to the administration of the securities lending... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âdealerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 240.3a5-3 Section 240.3a5-3...

  3. 17 CFR 240.13k-1 - Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). 240.13k-1 Section 240.13k-1 Commodity and....13k-1 Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). (a) For the...

  4. Electrophysiological evidence for phenomenal consciousness.

    PubMed

    Revonsuo, Antti; Koivisto, Mika

    2010-09-01

    Abstract Recent evidence from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) lends support to two central theses in Lamme's theory. The earliest ERP correlate of visual consciousness appears over posterior visual cortex around 100-200 ms after stimulus onset. Its scalp topography and time window are consistent with recurrent processing in the visual cortex. This electrophysiological correlate of visual consciousness is mostly independent of later ERPs reflecting selective attention and working memory functions. Overall, the ERP evidence supports the view that phenomenal consciousness of a visual stimulus emerges earlier than access consciousness, and that attention and awareness are served by distinct neural processes.

  5. Statistical testing of the full-range leadership theory in nursing.

    PubMed

    Kanste, Outi; Kääriäinen, Maria; Kyngäs, Helvi

    2009-12-01

    The aim of this study is to test statistically the structure of the full-range leadership theory in nursing. The data were gathered by postal questionnaires from nurses and nurse leaders working in healthcare organizations in Finland. A follow-up study was performed 1 year later. The sample consisted of 601 nurses and nurse leaders, and the follow-up study had 78 respondents. Theory was tested through structural equation modelling, standard regression analysis and two-way anova. Rewarding transformational leadership seems to promote and passive laissez-faire leadership to reduce willingness to exert extra effort, perceptions of leader effectiveness and satisfaction with the leader. Active management-by-exception seems to reduce willingness to exert extra effort and perception of leader effectiveness. Rewarding transformational leadership remained as a strong explanatory factor of all outcome variables measured 1 year later. The data supported the main structure of the full-range leadership theory, lending support to the universal nature of the theory.

  6. Beyond post-marketing research and MedWatch: Long-term studies of drug risks.

    PubMed

    Resnik, David B

    2007-10-01

    Critics of the drug safety system have discussed many different potential reforms, ranging from mandatory registration of clinical trials to increasing the power of regulatory agencies, but few have discussed one of the most important ways of enhancing safety: increasing the number of long-term studies of medications. Long-term studies of the risks and benefits of drugs can provide useful information for regulators, healthcare professionals, and patients. Government funding agencies should lead the effort to conduct long-term studies of drugs, but private companies should also be required to lend financial support. Because cost-effectiveness is likely to be an important consideration in conducting this research, funding agencies should focus, at first, on drugs that are used to treat common, chronic conditions.

  7. Beyond post-marketing research and MedWatch: Long-term studies of drug risks

    PubMed Central

    Resnik, David B

    2007-01-01

    Critics of the drug safety system have discussed many different potential reforms, ranging from mandatory registration of clinical trials to increasing the power of regulatory agencies, but few have discussed one of the most important ways of enhancing safety: increasing the number of long-term studies of medications. Long-term studies of the risks and benefits of drugs can provide useful information for regulators, healthcare professionals, and patients. Government funding agencies should lead the effort to conduct long-term studies of drugs, but private companies should also be required to lend financial support. Because cost-effectiveness is likely to be an important consideration in conducting this research, funding agencies should focus, at first, on drugs that are used to treat common, chronic conditions. PMID:19727333

  8. fMRI amygdala activation during a spontaneous panic attack in a patient with panic disorder.

    PubMed

    Pfleiderer, Bettina; Zinkirciran, Sariye; Arolt, Volker; Heindel, Walter; Deckert, Juergen; Domschke, Katharina

    2007-01-01

    Previous studies on neuronal activation correlates of panic attacks were mostly based on challenge tests, sensory-related stimulation or fear conditioning in healthy subjects. In the present study, we report on a female patient with panic disorder experiencing a spontaneous panic attack under an auditory habituation paradigm in the last stimulation block with sine tones captured with fMRI at 3T. The panic attack was associated with a significantly increased activity in the right amygdala. This is the first report on neuronal activation correlates of a spontaneous panic attack in a patient with panic disorder as measured by fMRI, which lends further support to a pivotal role of the amygdala in the pathogenesis of the disease.

  9. Effects of equine assisted activities on autism spectrum disorder.

    PubMed

    Lanning, Beth A; Baier, Margaret E Matyastik; Ivey-Hatz, Julie; Krenek, Nancy; Tubbs, Jack D

    2014-08-01

    Quality of life assessments were used in this study to determine the behavioral changes of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who participated in equine assisted activities. Behavioral changes of children with ASD participating in 9 weeks of equines assisted activities (EAA) (N = 10) were compared to behavioral changes of children who participated in a non-equine intervention (N = 8). Parents noted significant improvements in their child's physical, emotional and social functioning following the first 6 weeks of EAA. The children participating in the non-equine program also demonstrated improvement in behavior, but to a lesser degree. The favorable outcome of this study lends support for continuation of programs utilizing EAA in the treatment of children with ASD.

  10. Support and correlates of support for banning smoking in cars with children: findings from the ITC Four Country Survey*

    PubMed Central

    Fong, Geoffrey T.; Zanna, Mark P.; Hyland, Andrew; Bansal-Travers, Maansi

    2011-01-01

    Background: Since 2006, banning smoking in cars with children has become a rapidly growing tobacco control policy. However, to date, there have been few studies examining support and correlates of support for car smoking bans, and none of the existing studies have been international in nature. We conducted such a study among smokers in four countries. Methods: 6716 adult current smokers from the 2007 Wave of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort telephone survey of smokers in the USA, Canada, UK and Australia. Controlling for demographics, heaviness of smoking, smoking health knowledge/beliefs and quit intentions, we compared support and correlates of support for banning smoking in cars with children across the four countries. Results: The majority of smokers supported banning smoking in cars with children. Support was highest in Australia (83%), followed by the UK (75%) and Canada (74%); support was lower—but still high—in the USA (60%). Support was highest among smokers who: had stronger quit intentions, were lighter smokers, had lower education, had no children in the home, believed that cigarette smoke is dangerous to non-smokers and could cause asthma in children, and were concerned about modelling smoking to children. Conclusions: These findings indicate that a majority of smokers in the four countries support banning smoking in cars with children, and lend support to banning smoking in cars with children. Additionally, they suggest that support may be increased by educating smokers about the dangers of cigarette smoke exposure. PMID:20630910

  11. Support and correlates of support for banning smoking in cars with children: findings from the ITC Four Country Survey.

    PubMed

    Hitchman, Sara C; Fong, Geoffrey T; Zanna, Mark P; Hyland, Andrew; Bansal-Travers, Maansi

    2011-06-01

    Since 2006, banning smoking in cars with children has become a rapidly growing tobacco control policy. However, to date, there have been few studies examining support and correlates of support for car smoking bans, and none of the existing studies have been international in nature. We conducted such a study among smokers in four countries. 6716 adult current smokers from the 2007 Wave of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort telephone survey of smokers in the USA, Canada, UK and Australia. Controlling for demographics, heaviness of smoking, smoking health knowledge/beliefs and quit intentions, we compared support and correlates of support for banning smoking in cars with children across the four countries. The majority of smokers supported banning smoking in cars with children. Support was highest in Australia (83%), followed by the UK (75%) and Canada (74%); support was lower-but still high-in the USA (60%). Support was highest among smokers who: had stronger quit intentions, were lighter smokers, had lower education, had no children in the home, believed that cigarette smoke is dangerous to non-smokers and could cause asthma in children, and were concerned about modelling smoking to children. These findings indicate that a majority of smokers in the four countries support banning smoking in cars with children, and lend support to banning smoking in cars with children. Additionally, they suggest that support may be increased by educating smokers about the dangers of cigarette smoke exposure.

  12. Cumulative Disadvantage and Youth Well-Being: A Multi-Domain Examination with Life Course Implications

    PubMed Central

    Nurius, Paula S.; Prince, Dana M.; Rocha, Anita

    2015-01-01

    Purpose The accumulation of disadvantage has been shown to increase psychosocial stressors that impact life course well-being. This study tests for significant differences, based on disadvantage exposure, on youths’ emotional and physical health, as well as family supports, peer assets, and academic success, which hold potential for resilience and amelioration of negative health outcomes. Methods A 12 item cumulative disadvantage summed index derived from surveys of a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of urban high school seniors (n=9,658) was used to distinguish youth at low, moderate, and high levels. Results Findings supported hypothesized stepped patterns such that as multiple disadvantages accumulate, a concomitant decline is evident across the assessed outcome variables (except positive academic identity). Post-hoc tests indicated a pattern of groups being significantly different from one another. Discussion Overall, results lend support for an additive stress load associated with stacked disadvantage, with implications for continuing trends into adulthood as well as preventive interventions PMID:26617431

  13. Ageing with a learning disability: Care and support in the context of austerity.

    PubMed

    Power, Andrew; Bartlett, Ruth

    2018-03-17

    Recent work in geography has begun to look at the opportunities for care from siblings, friends and neighbours alongside parents and spouses. This paper examines the daily relationships that middle to older age adults with a learning disability have with remaining kin members, friends, and neighbours, within the context of declining formal day services. Adults with learning disabilities are more likely to have different life course experiences and be living on low incomes and in poor housing than the rest of the population as they have had less opportunity to work and save money through their lives. We draw on two qualitative studies with adults with learning disabilities. Findings suggest that friend and kin networks are anything but certain, as opportunities to meet and socialise shrink, and connections with siblings do not necessarily lend themselves to support. The findings raise the possibility of a space of attenuated care to convey the increasingly limited fronts from which support can be derived. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. THE ETIOLOGY OF ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION (COMMON COLD)

    PubMed Central

    Long, Perrin H.; Doull, James A.; Bourn, Janet M.; McComb, Emily

    1931-01-01

    Experimental upper respiratory infections similar to "common colds" were transmitted singly and in series through two and four passages in nine out of fifteen persons, by intransal inoculations with bacteria-free filtrates of nasopharyngeal washings obtained from individuals ill with natural "colds." These observations conform with those reported by previous workers and lend further support to the view that the incitant of the "common cold" is a filtrable virus. PMID:19869857

  15. Developmental parallels in understanding minds and bodies.

    PubMed

    Leslie, Alan M

    2005-10-01

    A recent article by Onishi and Baillargeon presents evidence that 15-month-old infants attribute false beliefs (FBs) to other people. If correct, it lends dramatic new support to the idea that mental state concepts ("theory of mind") emerge from a specialized neurocognitive mechanism that matures during the second year of life. But it also raises new puzzles concerning the FB task--puzzles that have intriguing parallels in results from infants' reasoning about solid bodies.

  16. Love, Melvin and Walheim in the A/L prior to EVA 3

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-02-15

    S122-E-008896 (15 Feb. 2008) --- Astronaut Leland Melvin, STS-122 mission specialist, lends his intravehicular support to the two STS-122 mission specialists assigned to the mission's final spacewalk to perform work on the International Space Station. Equipped with their extravehicular mobility units (EMU) and other gear and just about ready to egress the station and begin the day's external tasks are astronauts Stanley Love (left) and Rex Walheim.

  17. Love, Poindexter and Walheim in the A/L prior to EVA 3

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-02-15

    S122-E-008894 (15 Feb. 2008) --- Astronaut Alan Poindexter, STS-122 pilot, lends his intravehicular support to the two STS-122 mission specialists assigned to the mission's final spacewalk to perform work on the International Space Station. Equipped with their extravehicular mobility units (EMU) and other gear and just about ready to egress the station and begin the day's external tasks are astronauts Stanley Love (left) and Rex Walheim.

  18. Do microfinance programs help families insure consumption against illness?

    PubMed

    Gertler, Paul; Levine, David I; Moretti, Enrico

    2009-03-01

    Families in developing countries face enormous financial risks from major illness both in terms of the cost of medical care and the loss in income associated with reduced labor supply and productivity. We test whether access to microfinancial savings and lending institutions helps Indonesian families smooth consumption after declines in adult health. In general, results support the importance of these institutions in helping families to self-insure consumption against health shocks.

  19. 17 CFR 240.13k-1 - Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). 240.13k-1 Section 240.13k-1 Commodity and....13k-1 Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). (a) For the...(k) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78m(k)) with respect to any such loan made by the foreign bank as long as...

  20. 17 CFR 240.13k-1 - Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). 240.13k-1 Section 240.13k-1 Commodity and....13k-1 Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). (a) For the...(k) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78m(k)) with respect to any such loan made by the foreign bank as long as...

  1. 17 CFR 240.13k-1 - Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). 240.13k-1 Section 240.13k-1 Commodity and....13k-1 Foreign bank exemption from the insider lending prohibition under section 13(k). (a) For the...(k) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 78m(k)) with respect to any such loan made by the foreign bank as long as...

  2. A QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF LUNAR ORBITAL NEUTRON DATA

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Eke, V. R.; Teodoro, L. F. A.; Lawrence, D. J.

    2012-03-01

    Data from the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) Collimated Sensors for Epithermal Neutrons (CSETN) are used in conjunction with a model based on results from the Lunar Prospector (LP) mission to quantify the extent of the background in the LEND CSETN. A simple likelihood analysis implies that at least 90% of the lunar component of the LEND CSETN flux results from high-energy epithermal (HEE) neutrons passing through the walls of the collimator. Thus, the effective FWHM of the LEND CSETN field of view is comparable to that of the omni-directional LP Neutron Spectrometer. The resulting map of HEE neutrons offersmore » the opportunity to probe the hydrogen abundance at low latitudes and to provide constraints on the distribution of lunar water.« less

  3. A Disturbance Rejection Framework for the Study of Traditional Chinese Medicine

    PubMed Central

    Sun, Yan

    2014-01-01

    The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is explained in the language of engineering cybernetics (EC), an engineering science with the tradition of rigor and long history of practice. The inherent connection is articulated between EC, as a science of interrelations, and the Chinese conception of Wuxing. The combined cybernetic model of Wuxing seems to have significant explaining power for the TCM and could potentially facilitate better communications of the insights of the TCM to the West. In disturbance rejection, an engineering concept, a great metaphor, is found to show how the TCM is practiced, using the liver cancer pathogenesis and treatment as a case study. The results from a series of experimental studies seem to lend support to the cybernetic model of Wuxing and the principles of disturbance rejection. PMID:24995034

  4. High Concentrations of Hydrogen-bearing Volatiles at the Base of Poleward-facing slopes in the Moon's Large Southern Permanently Shadowed Regions.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    McClanahan, T. P.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Boynton, W. V.; Chin, G.; Livengood, T. A.; Litvak, M. L.; Sanin, A. B.; Starr, R. D.

    2016-12-01

    In this paper we review evidence that indicates that high concentrations of hydrogen-bearing volatiles are biased towards the base of poleward-facing slopes (PFS) in the Moon's large southern permanently shadowed regions (PSR). Results are derived from a correlated study of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter instrument maps of: epithermal neutron leakage flux observed by the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND), topography derived from the Lunar Observing Laser Altimeter (LOLA) and surface thermal maps derived from the Diviner radiometer. Maximum concentrations of hydrogen-volatiles, likely as water ice, are observed in the Cabeus crater's PSR, 0.62 wght% water-equivalent-hydrogen. Detailed studies show that the occurrence of hydrogen-volatiles at the base of the (PFS) are correlated with the locations of low PSR temperatures of Cabeus, Haworth, Shoemaker and Faustini. LEND observations show no consistent correlation to smaller impact craters and the lowest temperatures within the PSR's. It is not presently known if the high volatile concentrations are due to downslope migration or thermal stability in the PFS breaks in slope. 15-km Full-width at Half-Maximum (FWHM) is shown to be an upper-bounds condition for the LEND collimated sensor's spatial resolution, derived from a cross-sectional profile, through the permanently shadowed region at Cabeus'. LEND's high-resolution spatial response is further illustrated in a 220-km long profile cut through the co-aligned permanently shadowed regions and partially-illuminated ridges of Haworth, Shoemaker, Faustini and Amundsen craters.

  5. Race, Space, and Cumulative Disadvantage: A Case Study of the Subprime Lending Collapse

    PubMed Central

    Rugh, Jacob S.; Albright, Len; Massey, Douglas S.

    2016-01-01

    In this article, we describe how residential segregation and individual racial disparities generate racialized patterns of subprime lending and lead to financial loss among black borrowers in segregated cities. We conceptualize race as a cumulative disadvantage because of its direct and indirect effects on socioeconomic status at the individual and neighborhood levels, with consequences that reverberate across a borrower's life and between generations. Using Baltimore, Maryland as a case study setting, we combine data from reports filed under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act with additional loan-level data from mortgage-backed securities. We find that race and neighborhood racial segregation are critical factors explaining black disadvantage across successive stages in the process of lending and foreclosure, controlling for differences in borrower credit scores, income, occupancy status, and loan-to-value ratios. We analyze the cumulative cost of predatory lending to black borrowers in terms of reduced disposable income and lost wealth. We find the cost to be substantial. Black borrowers paid an estimated additional 5 to 11 percent in monthly payments and those that completed foreclosure in the sample lost an excess of $2 million in home equity. These costs were magnified in mostly black neighborhoods and in turn heavily concentrated in communities of color. By elucidating the mechanisms that link black segregation to discrimination we demonstrate how processes of cumulative disadvantage continue to undermine black socioeconomic status in the United States today. PMID:27478254

  6. Information Architecture for Quality Management Support in Hospitals.

    PubMed

    Rocha, Álvaro; Freixo, Jorge

    2015-10-01

    Quality Management occupies a strategic role in organizations, and the adoption of computer tools within an aligned information architecture facilitates the challenge of making more with less, promoting the development of a competitive edge and sustainability. A formal Information Architecture (IA) lends organizations an enhanced knowledge but, above all, favours management. This simplifies the reinvention of processes, the reformulation of procedures, bridging and the cooperation amongst the multiple actors of an organization. In the present investigation work we planned the IA for the Quality Management System (QMS) of a Hospital, which allowed us to develop and implement the QUALITUS (QUALITUS, name of the computer application developed to support Quality Management in a Hospital Unit) computer application. This solution translated itself in significant gains for the Hospital Unit under study, accelerating the quality management process and reducing the tasks, the number of documents, the information to be filled in and information errors, amongst others.

  7. The role of brain biogenic amines in the control of pituitary-adrenocortical activity

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Maickel, R. P.

    1975-01-01

    It was found that pretreatment of animals with desmethyl imipramine antagonized the reserpine-induced sedation without preventing the decline in brain amines or the hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The antagonism of reserpine-induced ACTH hypersecretion by the monoamine oxidose (MAO) inhibitor pargyline (MO 911, N-methyl-N-benzyl-2-propynylamine) was studied. Evidence is presented that this antagonism is related to the level of brain biogenic amines maintained during the course of action of the drug. Pretreatment with MAO inhibitors does not affect the ACTH hypersecretion evoked by exposure to cold or chlorpromazine, lending further support to the hypothesis that reserpine-induced ACTH hypersecretion is related to brain amine changes.

  8. Playing prosocial video games increases empathy and decreases schadenfreude.

    PubMed

    Greitemeyer, Tobias; Osswald, Silvia; Brauer, Markus

    2010-12-01

    Past research provided abundant evidence that exposure to violent video games increases aggressive tendencies and decreases prosocial tendencies. In contrast, research on the effects of exposure to prosocial video games has been relatively sparse. The present research found support for the hypothesis that exposure to prosocial video games is positively related to prosocial affect and negatively related to antisocial affect. More specifically, two studies revealed that playing a prosocial (relative to a neutral) video game increased interpersonal empathy and decreased reported pleasure at another's misfortune (i.e., schadenfreude). These results lend further credence to the predictive validity of the General Learning Model (Buckley & Anderson, 2006) for the effects of media exposure on social tendencies.

  9. Power Spectrum of Long Eigenlevel Sequences in Quantum Chaotic Systems.

    PubMed

    Riser, Roman; Osipov, Vladimir Al; Kanzieper, Eugene

    2017-05-19

    We present a nonperturbative analysis of the power spectrum of energy level fluctuations in fully chaotic quantum structures. Focusing on systems with broken time-reversal symmetry, we employ a finite-N random matrix theory to derive an exact multidimensional integral representation of the power spectrum. The N→∞ limit of the exact solution furnishes the main result of this study-a universal, parameter-free prediction for the power spectrum expressed in terms of a fifth Painlevé transcendent. Extensive numerics lends further support to our theory which, as discussed at length, invalidates a traditional assumption that the power spectrum is merely determined by the spectral form factor of a quantum system.

  10. Correlation of LEND and Diviner Data

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClanahan, Tim; Boynton, William; Mitrofanov, Igor; Sagdeev, Raold; Bennet, Kristen; Starr, Richard; Evans, Larry; Paige, Dave; Sanin, Anton; Litvak, Max; hide

    2011-01-01

    Correlated results from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) and Lunar Orbiting Laser Altimeter (LOLA) suggest insolation effects influence the spatial distribution of Lunar H poleward of 60deg latitude. Diviner results indicate an insolation induced thermal contrast between pole-facing and equator-facing slopes of crater walls. Our research shows that the contrasting thermal conditions observed in pole-facing vs equator-facing slopes and epithermal neutron rates from LEND are positively correlated. Numerical transformations of LOLA topography facilitated a systematic decomposition of LEND epithermal maps as a function of insolation effects. The results suggest a significantly positive local epithermal contrast in these regions. Comparing pole-facing and equator-facing slopes, we find that the pole-facing slopes show epithermal neutron suppression ranging from -0.005 to 0.02 cps relative to the equator-facing slopes .. We further investigate insolation effects on epithermal neutrons by comparing the predicted insolation contrast derived from the 3-D LOLA topography model with the LEND results. We also investigate and discuss the possibility of slope mass wasting effects being correlated with our insolation-effect hypothesis

  11. Food Sharing among Hadza Hunter-Gatherer Children.

    PubMed

    Crittenden, Alyssa N; Zes, David A

    2015-01-01

    Human prosociality is one of the defining characteristics of our species, yet the ontogeny of altruistic behavior remains poorly understood. The evolution of widespread food sharing in humans helped shape cooperation, family formation, life history, language, and the development of economies of scale. While the behavioral and ecological correlates of food sharing among adults are widely studied, very little is known about food sharing among children. Here, in the first study to analyze the food sharing patterns of hunter-gatherer children, we show that while sharing may be biased towards kin, reciprocity characterizes the majority of all sharing dyads, both related and unrelated. These data lend support to the recent claim that discrimination among kin might be linked with reciprocal altruism theory. Furthermore, we show that age positively correlates with an increase in sharing, both in frequency and amount, supporting recent suggestions that prosocial behaviors and egalitarianism develop strongly in middle childhood when children acquire the normative rules of their society.

  12. A reconsideration of parental and peer influences on adolescent deviance.

    PubMed

    Aseltine, R H

    1995-06-01

    The role of peers in fostering deviant behavior in adolescence is well-documented in the sociological literature, while support for parental influence or "control" theories of deviance is more equivocal. This paper examines the relative influences of parents and peers on adolescent delinquency and marijuana use, using data from a three-wave panel study of youths who were paired with a best friend (N = 435). Covariance structure models based upon polychoric correlations among study variables reveal that friends are indeed the primary source of influence on youths' behavior, but that estimates of influence are grossly overstated in analyses relying upon respondents' perceptions of their friends' behavior. Parental supervision and attachment are weakly related to subsequent delinquency and marijuana use, lending little support to control theories of deviance. Findings reveal that different processes account for the similarities among members of delinquent and drug-using peer groups. Although youths are socialized into delinquent behavior by peers, both selection and socialization influences play important roles in the formation of drug-using peer groups.

  13. Marriage Advantages in Perinatal Health: Evidence of Marriage Selection or Marriage Protection?

    PubMed Central

    Kane, Jennifer B.

    2015-01-01

    Marriage is a social tie associated with health advantages for adults and their children, as lower rates of preterm birth and low birth weight are observed among married women. This study tests two competing hypotheses explaining these marriage advantages—marriage protection versus marriage selection—using a sample of recent births to single, cohabiting, and married women from the National Survey of Family Growth, 2006–10. Propensity score matching and fixed effects regression results demonstrate support for marriage selection, as a rich set of early life selection factors account for all of the cohabiting-married disparity and part of the single-married disparity. Subsequent analyses demonstrate prenatal smoking mediates the adjusted single-married disparity in birth weight, lending some support for the marriage protection perspective. Study findings sharpen our understanding of why and how marriage matters for child well-being, and provide insight into preconception and prenatal factors describing intergenerational transmissions of inequality via birth weight. PMID:26778858

  14. Family Disruption and Intergenerational Reproduction: Comparing the Influences of Married Parents, Divorced Parents, and Stepparents.

    PubMed

    Kalmijn, Matthijs

    2015-06-01

    The transmission of individual characteristics and behaviors across generations has frequently been studied in the social sciences. For a growing number of children, however, the biological father was present in the household for only part of the time; and for many children, stepfathers were present. What are the implications of these changes for the process of intergenerational transmission? To answer this question, this article compares intergenerational transmission among married, divorced, and stepparents. Two forms of reproduction are studied: educational attainment and church attendance. For education, divorced fathers were as influential as married fathers, whereas stepfathers were less influential. For church attendance, married fathers were most influential, divorced fathers were least influential, and stepfathers were in between. Divorced mothers, in contrast, appeared to be more influential than married mothers. These findings lend negative support for the social capital hypothesis and positive support for notions of value socialization. The strong role of the divorced father for educational transmission is consistent with genetic processes and hypotheses about early advantages.

  15. Invited Commentary: Indoor Tanning-A Melanoma Accelerator?

    PubMed

    Berwick, Marianne; Doré, Jean-François

    2017-02-01

    In this issue of the Journal, Ghiasvand et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2017;185(3):147-156) present results from a longitudinal study of the association between indoor tanning and melanoma in a large cohort of Norwegian women. These new data further support previous findings on the damaging effects of tanning bed exposure on women, particularly young women. The authors present compelling evidence that early exposure to tanning beds advances the date of diagnosis of melanoma by at least 2 years. With a strong design and a large cohort followed for a mean of 13.7 years, this study lends additional support to previous evidence of the negative effects of tanning beds and provides further justification for stronger policy initiatives designed to reduce tanning bed use among young women. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  16. Global Maps of Lunar Neutron Fluxes from the LEND Instrument

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Litvak, M. L.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Sanin, A.; Malakhov, A.; Boynton, W. V.; Chin, G.; Droege, G.; Evans, L. G.; Garvin, J.; Golovin, D. V.; hide

    2012-01-01

    The latest neutron spectrometer measurements with the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) are presented. It covers more than 1 year of mapping phase starting on 15 September 2009. In our analyses we have created global maps showing regional variations in the flux of thermal (energy range < 0.015 eV) and fast neutrons (>0.5 MeV), and compared these fluxes to variances in soil elemental composition, and with previous results obtained by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer (LPNS). We also processed data from LEND collimated detectors and derived a value for the collimated signal of epithermal neutrons based on the comparative analysis with the LEND omnidirectional detectors. Finally, we have compared our final (after the data reduction) global epithermal neutron map with LPNS data.

  17. Correlation of Lunar South Polar Epithermal Neutron Maps: Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector and Lunar Prospector Neutron Detector

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClanahan, Timothy P.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Boynton, W. V.; Sagdeev, R.; Trombka, J. I.; Starr, R. D.; Evans, L. G.; Litvak, M. L.; Chin, G.; Garvin, J.; hide

    2010-01-01

    The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's (LRO), Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) was developed to refine the lunar surface hydrogen (H) measurements generated by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer. LPNS measurements indicated a approx.4,6% decrease in polar epithermal fluxes equivalent to (1.5+/-0,8)% H concentration and are direct geochemical evidence indicating water /high H at the poles. Given the similar operational and instrumental objectives of the LEND and LPNS systems, an important science analysis step for LEND is to test correlation with existing research including LPNS measurements. In this analysis, we compare corrected low altitude epithermal rate data from LPNS available via NASA's Planetary Data System (PDS) with calibrated LEND epithermal maps using a cross-correlation technique

  18. Force That Increases at Larger Distance Has Some Psychological and Astronomical Evidence Supporting its Existence

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Struck, James

    2011-09-01

    Force that Increases with distance is different than dark energy as I am arguing for existence of force based on psychological and astronomical bases. Hubble shift, doppler shift, comet return, quasar zoo and quasars and psychological evidence of interest in distant objects lends support to a force like gravity, nuclear, weak, strong, virtual, decay, biological, growth forces which increases its intensity with distance unlike gravity which decreases in intensity with distance. Jane Frances Back Struck contributed to this finding with her request that her grandparents have "perfect justice" even though her grandparents had died before she was born; interest increasing with distance from grandparents.

  19. Report on Predatory Lending Practices Directed at Members of the Armed Forces and Their Dependents

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-08-09

    implemented by the Military Services that may have particular impact on predatory lending is “Military Saves,” which is a social marketing campaign to...Around Military Communities 10 4 Education Programs 23 5 Strategies and Practices to Reduce the Prevalence and Impact of Predatory Lending 28 6...57 3 Survey on Internet Payday Loan and Installment Lenders 63 4 DoD Strategy for Personal Finance 68 5 Leadership Messages 82 iii iv 1

  20. Potential Cost Savings Associated with a Reduction of Stress Fractures among US Army Basic Trainees

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-07-01

    results. 6 The concept of sufficient rest lends support to Scully and Worthen, who suggest incorporating rest periods in the training 14 regimen as a...of stress reactions. In these cases, physical stature apparently 9 had more impact than physical conditioning. The concept of developing criteria...to meet the minimum standard, he/she would be separated. A variation of the corrective conditioning concept has been instituted at Fort Knox. Project

  1. For-profit hospital finds it can't beat City Hall--that is, the financing deal offered by the city.

    PubMed

    Nemes, J

    1992-02-24

    American International Hospital in Zion, Ill., doesn't lack support from city hall. In an unusual transaction for an investor-owned hospital, the city recently sold $20 million in taxable debt for the purpose of lending the proceeds to the hospital to help finance a replacement facility. The deal saved the hospital, the area's largest employer, as much as 2.5 percentage points on the interest rate.

  2. Small Nation, Big Difference: How the Norwegian Armed Forces Should Conduct Counterinsurgency Operations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-06-01

    of the population naturally lend themselves to the systematic use of public affairs and local proxy sources and channels for conveying messages . It...counterinsurgents with regards to the use of information operations? 3. What is the process of nation-building, and what are the roles of the different...conveying a message to the population. It follows that information operations not only can be used effectively in support of other operations, but

  3. Furious Frederich: Nietzsche's neurosyphilis diagnosis and new hypotheses.

    PubMed

    André, Charles; Rios, André Rangel

    2015-12-01

    The causes of Friedrich Nietzsche's mental breakdown in early 1889 and of the subsequent slow decay to end-stage dementia along ten years will possibly remain open to debate. The diagnosis of syphilitic dementia paralytica, based only on medical anamnesis and physical examination, was considered indisputable by Otto Binswanger. On the other hand, taking into account recently described diseases, selectively collected evidence lend some support to alternative hypotheses: basal forebrain meningioma, CADASIL, MELAS and frontotemporal dementia.

  4. Cross-Linguistic Differences in the Neural Representation of Human Language: Evidence from Users of Signed Languages

    PubMed Central

    Corina, David P.; Lawyer, Laurel A.; Cates, Deborah

    2013-01-01

    Studies of deaf individuals who are users of signed languages have provided profound insight into the neural representation of human language. Case studies of deaf signers who have incurred left- and right-hemisphere damage have shown that left-hemisphere resources are a necessary component of sign language processing. These data suggest that, despite frank differences in the input and output modality of language, core left perisylvian regions universally serve linguistic function. Neuroimaging studies of deaf signers have generally provided support for this claim. However, more fine-tuned studies of linguistic processing in deaf signers are beginning to show evidence of important differences in the representation of signed and spoken languages. In this paper, we provide a critical review of this literature and present compelling evidence for language-specific cortical representations in deaf signers. These data lend support to the claim that the neural representation of language may show substantive cross-linguistic differences. We discuss the theoretical implications of these findings with respect to an emerging understanding of the neurobiology of language. PMID:23293624

  5. Wrongness in different relationships: Relational context effects on moral judgment.

    PubMed

    Simpson, Ain; Laham, Simon M; Fiske, Alan Page

    2016-01-01

    Morality primarily serves social-relational functions. However, little research in moral psychology investigates how relational factors impact moral judgment, and a theoretically grounded approach to such investigations is lacking. We used Relational Models Theory and Moral Foundations Theory to explore how varying actor-victim relationships impacts judgment of different types of moral violations. Across three studies, using a diverse range of moral violations and varying the experimental design, relational context substantially influenced third-party judgment of moral violations, and typically independent of several factors strongly associated with moral judgment. Results lend novel but mixed support to Relationship Regulation Theory and provide some novel implications for Moral Foundations Theory. These studies highlight the importance of relational factors in moral psychology and provide guidelines for exploring how relational factors might shape moral judgment.

  6. Research supporting the congruence between rehabilitation principles and home health nursing practice.

    PubMed

    Neal, L J

    1999-01-01

    A grounded-theory study of 30 home health nurses conducted in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area used unstructured audiotaped interviews to elicit data as to how home health nurses define their practice. The purpose of the study was to develop a beginning substantive research-based theory of home health nursing practice. The model that emerged consists of three stages by which nurses attain autonomy in their practice. Adaptation was found to be the core category, in that nurses cannot function effectively or successfully in the home health arena unless they are or learn to be adaptable. Data also revealed that home health nurses either knowingly or unknowingly use rehabilitation nursing principles in their practice, thereby lending credence to the supposition that home health nursing practice is congruent with rehabilitation nursing principles.

  7. 75 FR 9093 - Extensions of Credit by Federal Reserve Banks

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-01

    ... discussed below are intended as a further normalization of the Federal Reserve's lending facilities. The... normalization of the Federal Reserve's lending facilities in light of continued improvement in financial market...

  8. 76 FR 43111 - Regulation Z; Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-20

    ... Congress enacted the Truth in Lending Act (TILA; 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) based on findings that economic stability would be enhanced and competition among consumer credit providers would be strengthen by the...

  9. Physical Symptoms, Perceived Social Support, and Affect in Adolescents with Cancer

    PubMed Central

    WESLEY, KIMBERLY M.; ZELIKOVSKY, NATALIYA; SCHWARTZ, LISA A.

    2015-01-01

    Treatment for cancer among adolescents is often more intense and lasts longer than treatment for older or younger patients. It typically causes pain, fatigue, and nausea and affects social and emotional well-being. This study examined the relationships among demographics, physical symptoms, perceived social support from friends and family, and affect (positive and negative) in 102 adolescents (age 13–19) with cancer using correlational analyses. Additionally, perceived social support was explored as a mediator and moderator of the relationship between physical symptoms and affect using regression. Females reported significantly lower friend support and higher negative affect compared to males. Minority participants were more likely to endorse physical symptoms and less negative affect compared to White respondents. Higher report of physical symptoms was significantly related to greater negative affect, whereas higher perceived social support from friends was related to higher positive affect. Adolescents consistently reported high levels of social support from family and friends. Additionally, adolescents tended to report average levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect compared to healthy populations. No significant mediation or moderation effects were found. This research highlights that females and minorities, and those with greater physical symptoms, may be more vulnerable to poor adjustment to cancer during adolescence. However, overall this study lends support to the notion that adolescents with cancer are an especially resilient population, as these patients endorsed generally high levels of social support and positive affect, with low levels of negative affect. PMID:23844924

  10. Beyond localized and distributed accounts of brain functions. Comment on “Understanding brain networks and brain organization” by Pessoa

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cauda, Franco; Costa, Tommaso; Tamietto, Marco

    2014-09-01

    Recent evidence in cognitive neuroscience lends support to the idea that network models of brain architecture provide a privileged access to the understanding of the relation between brain organization and cognitive processes [1]. The core perspective holds that cognitive processes depend on the interactions among distributed neuronal populations and brain structures, and that the impact of a given region on behavior largely depends on its pattern of anatomical and functional connectivity [2,3].

  11. The effect of changing land use on soil radiocarbon

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Harrison, K.G.; Broecker, W.S.; Bonani, G.

    Most carbon budgets require greening of the terrestrial biosphere as a sink for some of the excess carbon dioxide produced by fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Much of this storage is thought to occur in soils, but running counter to this conclusion is the observation that cultivation has reduced the agricultural reservoir of soil humus. Radiocarbon measurements in agricultural soils lend support to this browning of agricultural lands. Moreover, the loss is from the fast cycling portion of the humus.

  12. EHS and FME Lend Their Expertise to NCI Campus Refurbishment Project | Poster

    Cancer.gov

    In October 2015, the NCI executive officer and the director of NCI’s Office of Space and Facilities Management (OSFM) announced a wide-ranging refurbishment plan for NCI at Frederick. Since then, a project team comprising members from the Office of Scientific Operations, the Management Operations Support Branch, OSFM, the Center for Cancer Research, the Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) directorate, and the Facilities Maintenance and Engineering (FME) directorate have met regularly with the laboratory groups affected by the refurbishment plan. Read more...

  13. Military Personnel: DOD’s Predatory Lending Report Addressed Mandated Issues, but Support Is Limited for Some Findings and Recommendations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-08-31

    effects of certain consumer loans that DOD identified as being predatory. In April 2005, we reported about problems servicemembers were...did not know the extent to which servicemembers were using consumer loans that DOD considered to be predatory, nor the effects of that usage.3 Our...servicemembers that DOD does not endorse the advertisers in installation newspapers and (2) make greater use of Armed Forces Disciplinary Control Boards which

  14. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Muecke, J.; Happle, R.; Theile, H.

    Although it is true that MIDAS syndrome, Aicardi syndrome and Goltz syndrome show the same transmission, representing X-linked dominant traits with lethality of hemizygote male embryos, and have a number of anomalies such as defects of the eyes or brain in common, it should be noted that MIDAS syndrome and Goltz syndrome have so far never occurred as alternating phenotypes within the same family. In addition, the observation of MIDAS syndrome in a mother and her daughter lends additional support to the notion that this syndrome represents a distinct entity. 3 refs., 4 figs.

  15. 12 CFR 23.6 - Application of lending limits; restrictions on transactions with affiliates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... THE TREASURY LEASING General Provisions § 23.6 Application of lending limits; restrictions on... of any nonrecourse debt the bank has incurred to finance the acquisition of the leased asset. [61 FR...

  16. Antarctic analogs as a testbed for regenerative life support technologies

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Roberts, D. R.; Andersen, D. T.; Mckay, C. P.; Wharton, R. A., Jr.; Rummel, J. D.

    1991-01-01

    The feasibility of using Antarctica as a platform for creating earth-based simulations of regenerative life support systems (LSSs) for future space missions is discussed. The requirements for a bioregenerative LSS and the types of technologies that may be used in such a system are examined. Special attention is given to the objectives and the organization of the NASA's CELSS program for the development of regenerative LSSs to support long-duration human missions in space, largely independent of resupply, in a safe and reliable manner. There are two types of locations on the continent of Antarctica suitable for the placement of simulation facilities: the polar plateau and the ice-free dry valleys. The unique attributes that lend each type of location to very different functions as simulation facilities are discussed.

  17. Syringe Sharing Among a Prospective Cohort of Street-Involved Youth: Implications for Needle Distribution Programs.

    PubMed

    Bozinoff, Nikki; Wood, Evan; Dong, Huiru; Richardson, Lindsey; Kerr, Thomas; DeBeck, Kora

    2017-09-01

    The sharing of previously used syringes is associated with the transmission of Hepatitis C and HIV. This longitudinal study examines syringe borrowing and syringe lending within a prospective cohort of street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada. From September 2005 to May 2014, data were collected from the At-Risk Youth Study, a cohort of street-involved youth age 14-26 at enrollment, and analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Among 505 participants, 142 (28.1%) reported syringe borrowing and 132 (26.1%) reported syringe lending during the study period. In separate multivariable analyses, having difficulty finding clean needles and homelessness were significantly associated with syringe borrowing (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.28, 95% CI 1.66-3.12 and AOR = 1.52, CI 1.05-2.21, respectively) and syringe lending (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.32-2.71 and AOR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.11-2.44, respectively) (all p values < 0.05). Findings highlight gaps in syringe access for vulnerable young injectors and suggest that service delivery for youth may be suboptimal. Further examination of how needle distribution efforts might be improved to better meet the needs of young people is warranted.

  18. Design and Analysis of Modules for Segmented X-Ray Optics

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClelland, Ryan S.; BIskach, Michael P.; Chan, Kai-Wing; Saha, Timo T; Zhang, William W.

    2012-01-01

    Future X-ray astronomy missions demand thin, light, and closely packed optics which lend themselves to segmentation of the annular mirrors and, in turn, a modular approach to the mirror design. The modular approach to X-ray Flight Mirror Assembly (FMA) design allows excellent scalability of the mirror technology to support a variety of mission sizes and science objectives. This paper describes FMA designs using slumped glass mirror segments for several X-ray astrophysics missions studied by NASA and explores the driving requirements and subsequent verification tests necessary to qualify a slumped glass mirror module for space-flight. A rigorous testing program is outlined allowing Technical Development Modules to reach technical readiness for mission implementation while reducing mission cost and schedule risk.

  19. Stock Market Expectations of Dutch Households

    PubMed Central

    Hurd, Michael; van Rooij, Maarten; Winter, Joachim

    2013-01-01

    Despite its importance for the analysis of life-cycle behavior and, in particular, retirement planning, stock ownership by private households is poorly understood. Among other approaches to investigate this puzzle, recent research has started to elicit private households’ expectations of stock market returns. This paper reports findings from a study that collected data over a two-year period both on households’ stock market expectations (subjective probabilities of gains or losses) and on whether they own stocks. We document substantial heterogeneity in financial market expectations. Expectations are correlated with stock ownership. Over the two years of our data, stock market prices increased, and expectations of future stock market price changes also increased, lending support to the view that expectations are influenced by recent stock gains or losses. PMID:23997423

  20. Neonatal transection of the corpus callosum affects paw preference lateralization of adult Swiss mice.

    PubMed

    Manhães, Alex C; Krahe, Thomas E; Caparelli-Dáquer, Egas; Ribeiro-Carvalho, Anderson; Schmidt, Sergio L; Filgueiras, Cláudio C

    2003-09-11

    In the present work, the hypothesis that the ontogenetic development of the corpus callosum (CC) affects the establishment of behavioral lateralization was tested by studying paw preference performance in adult Swiss mice that were subjected to mid-sagittal transection of the CC on the first postnatal day. Magnitude and direction of laterality were evaluated independently. No significant differences between groups were found for the magnitude of paw preference. On the other hand, the transected group presented a significant populational bias favoring the left paw that was not present in the control groups. These results lend support to the hypothesis that the development of the CC plays a role in the establishment of the normal pattern of behavioral lateralization.

  1. 77 FR 65396 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-26

    ... mortgage lending institutions are required to use the information generated as a running log throughout the... mortgage lending institutions are required to use the information generated as a running log throughout the...

  2. 12 CFR 228.28 - Assigned ratings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... bank's performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small bank performance standards, or an approved strategic plan, as applicable. (b) Lending, investment... credit practices. (1) The Board's evaluation of a bank's CRA performance is adversely affected by...

  3. Experiment LEND of the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter for high-resolution mapping of neutron emission of the Moon.

    PubMed

    Mitrofanov, I G; Sanin, A B; Golovin, D V; Litvak, M L; Konovalov, A A; Kozyrev, A S; Malakhov, A V; Mokrousov, M I; Tretyakov, V I; Troshin, V S; Uvarov, V N; Varenikov, A B; Vostrukhin, A A; Shevchenko, V V; Shvetsov, V N; Krylov, A R; Timoshenko, G N; Bobrovnitsky, Y I; Tomilina, T M; Grebennikov, A S; Kazakov, L L; Sagdeev, R Z; Milikh, G N; Bartels, A; Chin, G; Floyd, S; Garvin, J; Keller, J; McClanahan, T; Trombka, J; Boynton, W; Harshman, K; Starr, R; Evans, L

    2008-08-01

    The scientific objectives of neutron mapping of the Moon are presented as 3 investigation tasks of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. Two tasks focus on mapping hydrogen content over the entire Moon and on testing the presence of water-ice deposits at the bottom of permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles. The third task corresponds to the determination of neutron contribution to the total radiation dose at an altitude of 50 km above the Moon. We show that the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) will be capable of carrying out all 3 investigations. The design concept of LEND is presented together with results of numerical simulations of the instrument's sensitivity for hydrogen detection. The sensitivity of LEND is shown to be characterized by a hydrogen detection limit of about 100 ppm for a polar reference area with a radius of 5 km. If the presence of ice deposits in polar "cold traps" is confirmed, a unique record of many millions of years of lunar history would be obtained, by which the history of lunar impacts could be discerned from the layers of water ice and dust. Future applications of a LEND-type instrument for Mars orbital observations are also discussed.

  4. The Scale Invariant Synchrotron Jet of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Du, L. M.; Bai, J. M.; Xie, Z. H.; Yi, T. F.; Xu, Y. B.; Xue, R.; Wang, X. H.

    2015-06-01

    In this paper, the scale invariance of the synchrotron jet of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars has been studied using a sample of combined sources from FKM04 and from SDSS DR3 catalogue. Since the research of scale invariance has been focused on sub-Eddington cases that can be fitted onto the fundamental plane, while near-Eddington sources such as FSRQs have not been explicitly studied. The extracted physical properties of synchrotron jet of FSRQs have been shown to be scale invariant using our sample. The results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations of Heinz & Sunyaev (2003). Therefore, the jet synchrotron is shown to be scale independent, regardless of the accretion modes. Results in this article thus lend support to the scale invariant model of the jet synchrotron throughout the mass scale of black hole systems.

  5. Planum Temporale Morphology in Children with Developmental Dyslexia

    PubMed Central

    Bloom, Juliana Sanchez; Garcia-Barrera, Mauricio A.; Miller, Carlin J.; Miller, Scott R.; Hynd, George W.

    2013-01-01

    The planum temporale is a highly lateralized cortical region, located within Wernicke’s area, which is thought to be involved in auditory processing, phonological processing, and language. Research has linked abnormal morphology of the planum temporale to developmental dyslexia, although results have varied in large part due to methodological inconsistencies in the literature. This study examined the asymmetry of the planum temporale in 29 children who met criteria for dyslexia and 26 children whose reading was unimpaired. Leftward asymmetry of the planum temporale was found in the total sample and this leftward asymmetry was significantly reduced in children with dyslexia. This reduced leftward asymmetry in children with dyslexia was due to a planum temporale that is larger in the right hemisphere. This study lends support to the idea that planum temporale asymmetry is altered in children with developmental dyslexia. PMID:23707683

  6. Letter-Sound Knowledge: Exploring Gender Differences in Children When They Start School Regarding Knowledge of Large Letters, Small Letters, Sound Large Letters, and Sound Small Letters

    PubMed Central

    Sigmundsson, Hermundur; Eriksen, Adrian D.; Ofteland, Greta Storm; Haga, Monika

    2017-01-01

    This study explored whether there is a gender difference in letter-sound knowledge when children start at school. 485 children aged 5–6 years completed assessment of letter-sound knowledge, i.e., large letters; sound of large letters; small letters; sound of small letters. The findings indicate a significant difference between girls and boys in all four factors tested in this study in favor of the girls. There are still no clear explanations to the basis of a presumed gender difference in letter-sound knowledge. That the findings have origin in neuro-biological factors cannot be excluded, however, the fact that girls probably have been exposed to more language experience/stimulation compared to boys, lends support to explanations derived from environmental aspects. PMID:28951726

  7. 24 CFR 107.15 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... disposition of residential property or related facilities (including land to be developed for residential use... (creed), sex or national origin in lending practices with respect to residential property and related facilities (including land to be developed for residential use) of lending institutions, insofar as such...

  8. 24 CFR 107.15 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... disposition of residential property or related facilities (including land to be developed for residential use... (creed), sex or national origin in lending practices with respect to residential property and related facilities (including land to be developed for residential use) of lending institutions, insofar as such...

  9. 12 CFR 25.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... assessment area(s) through its lending activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business... mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans, if applicable, in the bank's assessment area(s); (2) Geographic distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business...

  10. 12 CFR 25.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... assessment area(s) through its lending activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business... mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans, if applicable, in the bank's assessment area(s); (2) Geographic distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business...

  11. 12 CFR 25.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... assessment area(s) through its lending activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business... mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans, if applicable, in the bank's assessment area(s); (2) Geographic distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business...

  12. 12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and community development... following criteria: (1) Lending activity. The number and amount of the bank's home mortgage, small business... distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer...

  13. 12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and community development... following criteria: (1) Lending activity. The number and amount of the bank's home mortgage, small business... distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer...

  14. 12 CFR 25.28 - Assigned ratings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... on the bank's performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small bank performance standards, or an approved strategic plan, as applicable. (b) Lending... credit practices. (1) The OCC's evaluation of a bank's CRA performance is adversely affected by evidence...

  15. Influence of anxiety, depression and looming cognitive style on auditory looming perception.

    PubMed

    Riskind, John H; Kleiman, Evan M; Seifritz, Erich; Neuhoff, John

    2014-01-01

    Previous studies show that individuals with an anticipatory auditory looming bias over-estimate the closeness of a sound source that approaches them. Our present study bridges cognitive clinical and perception research, and provides evidence that anxiety symptoms and a particular putative cognitive style that creates vulnerability for anxiety (looming cognitive style, or LCS) are related to how people perceive this ecologically fundamental auditory warning signal. The effects of anxiety symptoms on the anticipatory auditory looming effect synergistically depend on the dimension of perceived personal danger assessed by the LCS (physical or social threat). Depression symptoms, in contrast to anxiety symptoms, predict a diminution of the auditory looming bias. Findings broaden our understanding of the links between cognitive-affective states and auditory perception processes and lend further support to past studies providing evidence that the looming cognitive style is related to bias in threat processing. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Self processing in the brain: a paradigmatic fMRI case study with a professional singer.

    PubMed

    Zaytseva, Yuliya; Gutyrchik, Evgeny; Bao, Yan; Pöppel, Ernst; Han, Shihui; Northoff, Georg; Welker, Lorenz; Meindl, Thomas; Blautzik, Janusch

    2014-06-01

    Understanding the mechanisms involved in perception and conception of oneself is a fundamental psychological topic with high relevance for psychiatric and neurological issues, and it is one of the great challenges in neuroscientific research. The paradigmatic single-case study presented here aimed to investigate different components of self- and other-processes and to elucidate corresponding neurobiological underpinnings. An eminent professional opera singer with profound performance experience has undergone functional magnetic resonance imaging and was exposed to excerpts of Mozart arias, sung by herself or another singer. The results indicate a distinction between self- and other conditions in cortical midline structures, differentially involved in self-related and self-referential processing. This lends further support to the assumption of cortical midline structures being involved in the neural processing of self-specific stimuli and also confirms the power of single case studies as a research tool. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Religious beliefs influence neural substrates of self-reflection in Tibetans

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Cheng; He, Xi; Mao, Lihua

    2010-01-01

    Previous transcultural neuroimaging studies have shown that the neural substrates of self-reflection can be shaped by different cultures. There are few studies, however, on the neural activity of self-reflection where religion is viewed as a form of cultural expression. The present study examined the self-processing of two Chinese ethnic groups (Han and Tibetan) to investigate the significant role of religion on the functional anatomy of self-representation. We replicated the previous results in Han participants with the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and left anterior cingulate cortex showing stronger activation in self-processing when compared with other-processing conditions. However, no typical self-reference pattern was identified in Tibetan participants on behavioral or neural levels. This could be explained by the minimal subjective sense of 'I-ness’ in Tibetan Buddhists. Our findings lend support to the presumed role of culture and religion in shaping the neural substrate of self. PMID:20197287

  18. Religious beliefs influence neural substrates of self-reflection in Tibetans.

    PubMed

    Wu, Yanhong; Wang, Cheng; He, Xi; Mao, Lihua; Zhang, Li

    2010-06-01

    Previous transcultural neuroimaging studies have shown that the neural substrates of self-reflection can be shaped by different cultures. There are few studies, however, on the neural activity of self-reflection where religion is viewed as a form of cultural expression. The present study examined the self-processing of two Chinese ethnic groups (Han and Tibetan) to investigate the significant role of religion on the functional anatomy of self-representation. We replicated the previous results in Han participants with the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and left anterior cingulate cortex showing stronger activation in self-processing when compared with other-processing conditions. However, no typical self-reference pattern was identified in Tibetan participants on behavioral or neural levels. This could be explained by the minimal subjective sense of 'I-ness' in Tibetan Buddhists. Our findings lend support to the presumed role of culture and religion in shaping the neural substrate of self.

  19. An Empirical Analysis of the Default Rate of Informal Lending—Evidence from Yiwu, China

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lu, Wei; Yu, Xiaobo; Du, Juan; Ji, Feng

    This study empirically analyzes the underlying factors contributing to the default rate of informal lending. This paper adopts snowball sampling interview to collect data and uses the logistic regression model to explore the specific factors. The results of these analyses validate the explanation of how the informal lending differs from the commercial loan. Factors that contribute to the default rate have particular attributes, while sharing some similarities with commercial bank or FICO credit scoring Index. Finally, our concluding remarks draw some inferences from empirical analysis and speculate as to what this may imply for the role of formal and informal financial sectors.

  20. The Selective Use of Radiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer Patients.

    PubMed

    Martella, Andrew; Willett, Christopher; Palta, Manisha; Czito, Brian

    2018-04-11

    Colorectal cancer has a high global incidence, and standard treatment employs a multimodality approach. In addition to cure, minimizing treatment-related toxicity and improving the therapeutic ratio is a common goal. The following article addresses the potential of omitting radiotherapy in select rectal cancer patients. Omission of radiotherapy in rectal cancer is analyzed in the context of historical findings, as well as more recent data describing risk stratification of stage II-III disease, surgical optimization, imaging limitations, improvement in systemic chemotherapeutic agents, and contemporary studies evaluating selective omission of radiotherapy. A subset of rectal cancer patients exists that may be considered low to intermediate risk for locoregional recurrence. With appropriate staging, surgical technique, and possibly improved systemic therapy, it may be feasible to selectively omit radiotherapy in these patients. Current imaging limitations as well as evidence of increased locoregional recurrence following radiotherapy omission lend us to continue supporting the standard treatment of approach of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy followed by surgical resection until additional improvements and prospective evidence can support otherwise.

  1. Children's affective reactions and coping under threat of missile attack: a semiprojective assessment procedure.

    PubMed

    Zeidner, M; Klingman, A; Itskowitz, R

    1993-06-01

    This study reports on 170 Israeli school children at risk for missile attack during the Persian Gulf War. The Bar-Ilan Picture Test for Children (Itskowitz & Strauss, 1982, 1986) was specially adapted to the war situation specifically to measure children's affective reactions and coping strategies. Children with a greater sense of control and social support, and more complex defenses, tended to demonstrate better coping strategies. Children who were less defensive showed higher levels of anxiety under stress. Children scoring higher in social support showed greater perceived control over their immediate environment and more verbal expressivity with respect to the crisis situation. Girls scored higher than boys on emotional and verbal expressiveness. These data, elicited through semiprojective procedures, are consistent with much of the prior research based mainly on objective scales or self-report questionnaires. Overall, the results lend additional validity to the nexus of relations (largely established through conventional objective scales) between resources, coping, and outcomes in a naturalistic stressor situation.

  2. Antisecretory activity from the flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and its flavonoids on intestinal fluid accumulation induced by Vibrio cholerae toxin in rats.

    PubMed

    Velázquez, Claudia; Calzada, Fernando; Esquivel, Baldomero; Barbosa, Elizabeth; Calzada, Samuel

    2009-12-10

    The flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat. (Sterculiaceae) has been traditionally used as folk medicine in Mexico for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea and dysentery. This study aimed to assess the antisecretory activity which supports the therapeutic use of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and its flavonoids to treat diarrhea. The methanol extract of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, subsequent fractions, and flavonoids were evaluated on cholera toxin-induced intestinal secretion in rat jejunal loops model. Three antisecretory flavonoids were isolated by bioassay-guided purification, namely, isoquercitrin 3, (+)-catechin 4 and (-)-epicatechin 5. Among them, epicatechin exhibited the most potent antisecretory activity with ID(50) of 8.3 microM/kg. Its potency was close that of to loperamide (ID(50) 6.1 microM/kg), drug used as control. Isoquercitrin (ID(50) 19.2 microM/kg) and catechin (ID(50) 51.7 microM/kg) showed moderate and weak activity, respectively. The results of the present study lend some support to the anecdotal report for the traditional use of the flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon in the control of dysentery.

  3. AIC and the challenge of complexity: A case study from ecology.

    PubMed

    Moll, Remington J; Steel, Daniel; Montgomery, Robert A

    2016-12-01

    Philosophers and scientists alike have suggested Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), and other similar model selection methods, show predictive accuracy justifies a preference for simplicity in model selection. This epistemic justification of simplicity is limited by an assumption of AIC which requires that the same probability distribution must generate the data used to fit the model and the data about which predictions are made. This limitation has been previously noted but appears to often go unnoticed by philosophers and scientists and has not been analyzed in relation to complexity. If predictions are about future observations, we argue that this assumption is unlikely to hold for models of complex phenomena. That in turn creates a practical limitation for simplicity's AIC-based justification because scientists modeling such phenomena are often interested in predicting the future. We support our argument with an ecological case study concerning the reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone National Park, U.S.A. We suggest that AIC might still lend epistemic support for simplicity by leading to better explanations of complex phenomena. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Diffusion of innovations theory applied to global tobacco control treaty ratification.

    PubMed

    Valente, Thomas W; Dyal, Stephanie R; Chu, Kar-Hai; Wipfli, Heather; Fujimoto, Kayo

    2015-11-01

    This study applies diffusion of innovations theory to understand network influences on country ratification of an international health treaty, the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC). From 2003 to 2014 approximately 90% of United Nations member countries ratified the FCTC. We hypothesized that communication between tobacco control advocates on GLOBALink, a 7000-member online communication forum in existence from 1992 to 2012, would be associated with the timing of treaty ratification. We further hypothesized dynamic network influences such that external influence decreased over time, internal influence increased over time, and the role of opinion leader countries varied over time. In addition we develop two concepts: Susceptibility and influence that uncover the micro-level dynamics of network influence. Statistical analyses lend support to the influence of co-subscriptions on GLOBALink providing a conduit for inter-country influences on treaty ratification and some support for the dynamic hypotheses. Analyses of susceptibility and infection indicated particularly influential countries. These results have implications for the study of policy diffusion as well as dynamic models of behavior change. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

  5. A Pilot Study of a Computerized Decision Support System to Detect Invasive Fungal Infection in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Patients.

    PubMed

    Bartlett, Adam; Goeman, Emma; Vedi, Aditi; Mostaghim, Mona; Trahair, Toby; O'Brien, Tracey A; Palasanthiran, Pamela; McMullan, Brendan

    2015-11-01

    Computerized decision support systems (CDSSs) can provide indication-specific antimicrobial recommendations and approvals as part of hospital antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of a CDSS for surveillance of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in an inpatient hematology/oncology cohort. Between November 1, 2012, and October 31, 2013, pediatric hematology/oncology inpatients diagnosed with an IFI were identified through an audit of the CDSS and confirmed by medical record review. The results were compared to hospital diagnostic-related group (DRG) coding for IFI throughout the same period. A total of 83 patients were prescribed systemic antifungals according to the CDSS for the 12-month period. The CDSS correctly identified 19 patients with IFI on medical record review, compared with 10 patients identified by DRG coding, of whom 9 were confirmed to have IFI on medical record review. CDSS was superior to diagnostic coding in detecting IFI in an inpatient pediatric hematology/oncology cohort. The functionality of CDSS lends itself to inpatient infectious diseases surveillance but depends on prescriber adherence.

  6. The structural phase diagram and oxygen equilibrium partial pressure of YBa 2Cu 3O 6+ x studied by neutron powder diffraction and gas volumetry

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Andersen, N. H.; Lebech, B.; Poulsen, H. F.

    1990-12-01

    An experimental technique based on neutron powder diffraction and gas volumetry is presented and used to study the structural phase diagram of YBa 2Cu 3O 6+ x under equilibrium conditions in an extended part of ( x, T)-phase (0.15< x<0.92 and 25° C< T<725°C). Our experimental observations lend strong support to a recent two-dimensional anisotropic next-nearest-neighbour Ising model calculation (the ASYNNNI model) of the basal plane oxygen ordering based of first principle interaction parameters. Simultaneous measurements of the oxygen equilibrium partial pressure show anomalies, one of which proves the thermodynamic stability of the orthorhombic OII double cell structure. Striking similarity with predictions of recent model calculations support that another anomaly may be interpreted to result from local one-dimensional fluctuations in the distribution of oxygen atoms in the basal plane of tetragonal YBCO. Our pressure data also indicate that x=0.92 is a maximum obtainable oxygen concentration for oxygen pressures below 760 Torr.

  7. Lending Officers' Decisions to Recommend Innovative Agricultural Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McIntosh, Wm. Alex; Zey-Ferrell, Mary

    1986-01-01

    Path analysis examines an analytical model of decision making by lending officers of 211 Texas banks when recommending agricultural technology to farmer-clients. Model analyzes effects of loan officers' ascribed/achieved personal characteristics and perceptions of organizational constraints during three stages of decision process: using…

  8. 76 FR 11319 - Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-02

    ... Congress enacted the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) based on findings that economic stability would be... Final Rule Congress enacted TILA based on findings that economic stability would be enhanced and... Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA), also provides that its principal obligation limitations are subject...

  9. 76 FR 20087 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request; State Small Business Credit Initiative Allocation Agreement

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-11

    ... programs that leverage private lending to help finance small businesses and manufacturers that are... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Proposed Collection; Comment Request; State Small Business Credit Initiative Allocation Agreement AGENCY: Departmental Offices, Small Business Lending Funds, Treasury. ACTION...

  10. 12 CFR 560.160 - Asset classification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Asset classification. 560.160 Section 560.160 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.160 Asset classification...

  11. 78 FR 76033 - Truth in Lending (Regulation Z)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-16

    ... BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION 12 CFR Part 1026 Truth in Lending (Regulation Z) AGENCY... Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (CARD Act) and the Home Ownership and... re-calculated annually using the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers...

  12. 12 CFR 560.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT § 560.3... loans for personal, family, or household purposes and loans reasonably incident thereto, and may be made... loans, and other loans that the savings association has designated as made under investment or lending...

  13. 12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... assessment area(s) through its lending activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business... and amount of the bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans, if applicable... bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer loans, if applicable, based on the loan...

  14. Validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use With Malaysian Athletes.

    PubMed

    Lan, Mohamad Faizal; Lane, Andrew M; Roy, Jolly; Hanin, Nik Azma

    2012-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the factorial validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use with Malaysian athletes. Athletes (N = 1485 athletes) competing at the Malaysian Games completed the Brunel of Mood Scale (BRUMS). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results indicated a Confirmatory Fit Index (CFI) of .90 and Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.05. The CFI was below the 0.95 criterion for acceptability and the RMSEA value was within the limits for acceptability suggested by Hu and Bentler, 1999. We suggest that results provide some support for validity of the BRUMS for use with Malaysian athletes. Given the large sample size used in the present study, descriptive statistics could be used as normative data for Malaysian athletes. Key pointsFindings from the present study lend support to the validity of the BRUMS for use with Malaysian athletes.Given the size of the sample used in the present study, we suggest descriptive data be used as the normative data for researchers using the scale with Malaysian athletes.It is suggested that future research investigate the effects of cultural differences on emotional states experienced by athletes before, during and post-competition.

  15. Validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use With Malaysian Athletes

    PubMed Central

    Lan, Mohamad Faizal; Lane, Andrew M.; Roy, Jolly; Hanin, Nik Azma

    2012-01-01

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the factorial validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use with Malaysian athletes. Athletes (N = 1485 athletes) competing at the Malaysian Games completed the Brunel of Mood Scale (BRUMS). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results indicated a Confirmatory Fit Index (CFI) of .90 and Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.05. The CFI was below the 0.95 criterion for acceptability and the RMSEA value was within the limits for acceptability suggested by Hu and Bentler, 1999. We suggest that results provide some support for validity of the BRUMS for use with Malaysian athletes. Given the large sample size used in the present study, descriptive statistics could be used as normative data for Malaysian athletes. Key points Findings from the present study lend support to the validity of the BRUMS for use with Malaysian athletes. Given the size of the sample used in the present study, we suggest descriptive data be used as the normative data for researchers using the scale with Malaysian athletes. It is suggested that future research investigate the effects of cultural differences on emotional states experienced by athletes before, during and post-competition. PMID:24149128

  16. Is there evidence to support a forefoot strike pattern in barefoot runners? A review.

    PubMed

    Lorenz, Daniel S; Pontillo, Marisa

    2012-11-01

    Barefoot running is a trend among running enthusiasts that is the subject of much controversy. At this time, benefits appear to be more speculative and anecdotal than evidence based. Additionally, the risk of injuries is not well established. A PubMed search was undertaken for articles published in English from 1980 to 2011. Additional references were accrued from reference lists of research articles. While minimal data exist that definitively support barefoot running, there are data lending support to the argument that runners should use a forefoot strike pattern in lieu of a heel strike pattern to reduce ground reaction forces, ground contact time, and step length. Whether there is a positive or negative effect on injury has yet to be determined. Unquestionably, more research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.

  17. Direct Lending Works.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Riley, Richard W.

    1997-01-01

    In its third year, direct lending is working well for college students and administration. It is a simpler, faster, more efficient way of getting loan funds to students that cuts out financial middlemen. It helps students manage their finances better when repaying loans, promotes competition, stimulates program innovation, leads to greater…

  18. 12 CFR 614.4150 - Lending policies and loan underwriting standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... loan underwriting standards. Under the policies of its board, each institution shall adopt written standards for prudent lending and shall issue written policies, operating procedures, and control mechanisms... standards. 614.4150 Section 614.4150 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN...

  19. 12 CFR 614.4150 - Lending policies and loan underwriting standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... loan underwriting standards. Under the policies of its board, each institution shall adopt written standards for prudent lending and shall issue written policies, operating procedures, and control mechanisms... standards. 614.4150 Section 614.4150 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN...

  20. 12 CFR 614.4150 - Lending policies and loan underwriting standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... loan underwriting standards. Under the policies of its board, each institution shall adopt written standards for prudent lending and shall issue written policies, operating procedures, and control mechanisms... standards. 614.4150 Section 614.4150 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN...

  1. 12 CFR 614.4150 - Lending policies and loan underwriting standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... loan underwriting standards. Under the policies of its board, each institution shall adopt written standards for prudent lending and shall issue written policies, operating procedures, and control mechanisms... standards. 614.4150 Section 614.4150 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN...

  2. 12 CFR 614.4150 - Lending policies and loan underwriting standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... loan underwriting standards. Under the policies of its board, each institution shall adopt written standards for prudent lending and shall issue written policies, operating procedures, and control mechanisms... standards. 614.4150 Section 614.4150 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN...

  3. 12 CFR 28.54 - Reporting and disclosure of international assets.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reporting and disclosure of international... INTERNATIONAL BANKING ACTIVITIES International Lending Supervision § 28.54 Reporting and disclosure of international assets. (a) Requirements. (1) Pursuant to section 907(a) of the International Lending Supervision...

  4. Comparison of Image Restoration Methods for Lunar Epithermal Neutron Emission Mapping

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClanahan, T. P.; Ivatury, V.; Milikh, G.; Nandikotkur, G.; Puetter, R. C.; Sagdeev, R. Z.; Usikov, D.; Mitrofanov, I. G.

    2009-01-01

    Orbital measurements of neutrons by the Lunar Exploring Neutron Detector (LEND) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter are being used to quantify the spatial distribution of near surface hydrogen (H). Inferred H concentration maps have low signal-to-noise (SN) and image restoration (IR) techniques are being studied to enhance results. A single-blind. two-phase study is described in which four teams of researchers independently developed image restoration techniques optimized for LEND data. Synthetic lunar epithermal neutron emission maps were derived from LEND simulations. These data were used as ground truth to determine the relative quantitative performance of the IR methods vs. a default denoising (smoothing) technique. We review and used factors influencing orbital remote sensing of neutrons emitted from the lunar surface to develop a database of synthetic "true" maps for performance evaluation. A prior independent training phase was implemented for each technique to assure methods were optimized before the blind trial. Method performance was determined using several regional root-mean-square error metrics specific to epithermal signals of interest. Results indicate unbiased IR methods realize only small signal gains in most of the tested metrics. This suggests other physically based modeling assumptions are required to produce appreciable signal gains in similar low SN IR applications.

  5. Trematode reproduction in the molluscan host: an ultrastructural study of the germinal mass in the rediae of Himasthla elongata (Mehlis, 1831) (Digenea: Echinostomatidae).

    PubMed

    Podvyaznaya, Irina M; Galaktionov, Kirill V

    2014-03-01

    The germinal mass in Himasthla elongata rediae was studied in detail using transmission electron microscopy. It was shown to be a specialized reproductive organ consisting of germinal cells at various maturation stages, supporting cells and stem cells. The germinal mass also contains early cercarial embryos emerging as a result of cleavage division of mature germinal cells. The stem cells that give rise to germinal cells have heterochromatin-rich nuclei with distinct nucleoli and scarce cytoplasm containing mainly free ribosomes and few mitochondria. The differentiating germinal cells undergo a growth, which is accompanied by an emergence of annulate lamellae and the nuage in their cytoplasm, a noticeable development of RER and Golgi apparatus and an increase in the number of mitochondria. The mitochondria form a large group at one of the cell poles. During differentiation, the nucleus and nucleolus of the germinal cell enlarge while the chromatin becomes gradually less condensed. The supporting tissue of the germinal mass is made up of cells connected by septate junctions. These supporting cells are distinctly different in cellular shape and nuclear ultrastructure. Their outgrowths form a tight meshwork housing stem cells, germinal cells and early cercarial embryos. The cytoplasm of the supporting cells in the mesh area is separated into fine parallel layers by labyrinthine narrow cavities communicating with the intercellular space. The supporting tissue contains differentiating and degenerating cells which indicates its renewal. The results of this ultrastructural study lend support to the hypothesis that the germinal cells of digeneans are germ line cells.

  6. Does stress induce bowel dysfunction?

    PubMed

    Chang, Yu-Ming; El-Zaatari, Mohamad; Kao, John Y

    2014-08-01

    Psychological stress is known to induce somatic symptoms. Classically, many gut physiological responses to stress are mediated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. There is, however, a growing body of evidence of stress-induced corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) release causing bowel dysfunction through multiple pathways, either through the HPA axis, the autonomic nervous systems, or directly on the bowel itself. In addition, recent findings of CRF influencing the composition of gut microbiota lend support for the use of probiotics, antibiotics, and other microbiota-altering agents as potential therapeutic measures in stress-induced bowel dysfunction.

  7. The role of artificial intelligence and expert systems in increasing STS operations productivity

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Culbert, C.

    1985-01-01

    Artificial Intelligence (AI) is discussed. A number of the computer technologies pioneered in the AI world can make significant contributions to increasing STS operations productivity. Application of expert systems, natural language, speech recognition, and other key technologies can reduce manpower while raising productivity. Many aspects of STS support lend themselves to this type of automation. The artificial intelligence section of the mission planning and analysis division has developed a number of functioning prototype systems which demonstrate the potential gains of applying AI technology.

  8. The Need for Speed: Accelerating Decision Making on the 7 C’s of Adaptive Leadership

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-10-23

    also known as “ millennials .” Generation Y (Gen Y ) makes up over 70 million people in the U.S. – 20% of the population. Sources differ on the...www.usatoday.com/money/workplace/2005-11-06-gen-y_x.htm (accessed 26 September 2009). 18 Ibid. 19 NAS Insights, “Generation Y : The Millennials ... Y – and examine the concept of “thin-slicing” and related thought processes. This will lend itself to supporting the position that an operational

  9. A framework for real-time distributed expert systems: On-orbit spacecraft fault diagnosis, monitoring and control

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mullikin, Richard L.

    1987-01-01

    Control of on-orbit operation of a spacecraft requires retention and application of special purpose, often unique, knowledge of equipment and procedures. Real-time distributed expert systems (RTDES) permit a modular approach to a complex application such as on-orbit spacecraft support. One aspect of a human-machine system that lends itself to the application of RTDES is the function of satellite/mission controllers - the next logical step toward the creation of truly autonomous spacecraft systems. This system application is described.

  10. Degrees of locality of energy transfer in the inertial range. [Kolmogoroff notion in turbulence theory

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zhou, YE

    1993-01-01

    Measured raw transfer interactions from which local energy transfer is argued to result are summed in a way that directly indicates the scale disparity (s) of contributions to the net energy flux across the spectrum. It is found that the dependence upon s closely follows the s exp -4/3 form predicted by classical arguments. As a result, it is concluded that direct numerical simulation measurements lend support to the classical Kolmogorov phenomenology of local interactions and local transfer in an inertial range.

  11. Oversight Hearing on Successful Education Programs Relating to Illiteracy, Bilingual Education and Dropout Prevention. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session (Los Angeles, CA, November 25, 1985).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

    The hearing was convened to address the problems in American education and to identify and lend support to those successful and cost-effective policies, practices and programs that have emerged since 1965. This is one in a series of regional hearings designed to obtain diverse viewpoints, examine proposed solutions and agree on viable solutions to…

  12. Jealousy in dogs.

    PubMed

    Harris, Christine R; Prouvost, Caroline

    2014-01-01

    It is commonly assumed that jealousy is unique to humans, partially because of the complex cognitions often involved in this emotion. However, from a functional perspective, one might expect that an emotion that evolved to protect social bonds from interlopers might exist in other social species, particularly one as cognitively sophisticated as the dog. The current experiment adapted a paradigm from human infant studies to examine jealousy in domestic dogs. We found that dogs exhibited significantly more jealous behaviors (e.g., snapping, getting between the owner and object, pushing/touching the object/owner) when their owners displayed affectionate behaviors towards what appeared to be another dog as compared to nonsocial objects. These results lend support to the hypothesis that jealousy has some "primordial" form that exists in human infants and in at least one other social species besides humans.

  13. A facet approach to extending the normative component of the theory of reasoned action.

    PubMed

    Donald, I; Cooper, S R

    2001-12-01

    Using facet theory, this study addresses the weak explanatory power of normative influence in theories of reasoned action or planned behaviour. A broad normative construct is hypothesized as being characterized by two facets--social unit and behavioural modality--each of which is examined in relation to recreational drug use. A questionnaire was developed from the facets and administered to undergraduate students. Data (N = 181) were analysed using Smallest Space Analysis (SSA). The results suggest that the facets provide an adequate description of the normative construct and that personal and social normative beliefs, behavioural norms and behavioural intentions can be distinguished empirically. The results also lend partial support to Ajzen's (1988; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1977) principle of compatibility. Implications for how social influence is operationalized and conceptualized are also discussed.

  14. Cognitive Deficits and Positively Biased Self-Perceptions in Children with ADHD

    PubMed Central

    McQuade, Julia D.; Tomb, Meghan; Hoza, Betsy; Waschbusch, Daniel A.; Hurt, Elizabeth A.; Vaughn, Aaron J.

    2011-01-01

    This study examined the relation between cognitive deficits and positive bias in a sample of 272 children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; 7–12 years old). Results indicated that children with ADHD with and without biased self-perceptions exhibit differences in specific cognitive deficits (executive processes, working memory, broad attention, and cognitive fluency) compared to each other and to control children. Further, specific cognitive deficits emerged as partial mediators of the relation between ADHD diagnostic status and positive bias. Interestingly, some differences in results emerged based on the domain considered (academic, social, behavioral competence). Results lend initial support to the role of cognitive deficits in the positive bias of some children with ADHD. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed. PMID:20820902

  15. 12 CFR 614.4000 - Farm Credit Banks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Farm Credit Banks. 614.4000 Section 614.4000 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending Authorities § 614.4000 Farm Credit Banks. (a) Long-term real estate lending. Except to the extent such...

  16. 12 CFR 614.4010 - Agricultural credit banks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Agricultural credit banks. 614.4010 Section 614.4010 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending Authorities § 614.4010 Agricultural credit banks. (a) Long-term real estate lending. Except to the...

  17. 75 FR 81836 - Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-29

    ... the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) based on findings that economic stability would be enhanced and... MDIA is contained in Sections 2501 through 2503 of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, Public Law 110-289, enacted on July 30, 2008. The MDIA was later amended by the Emergency Economic...

  18. 12 CFR 560.36 - De minimis investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false De minimis investments. 560.36 Section 560.36 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.36 De minimis investments. A Federal...

  19. 12 CFR 560.32 - Pass-through investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pass-through investments. 560.32 Section 560.32 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.32 Pass-through investments. (a) A...

  20. 12 CFR 1805.301 - Eligible activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) Are owned by Low-Income persons; or (3) Enhance the availability of products and services to Low... only be used for services and lending products that serve Low-Income persons and that: (1) Are not provided by other lenders in the area; or (2) Complement the services and lending products provided by...

  1. 12 CFR 1805.301 - Eligible activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) Are owned by Low-Income persons; or (3) Enhance the availability of products and services to Low... only be used for services and lending products that serve Low-Income persons and that: (1) Are not provided by other lenders in the area; or (2) Complement the services and lending products provided by...

  2. 12 CFR 1805.301 - Eligible activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...) Are owned by Low-Income persons; or (3) Enhance the availability of products and services to Low... only be used for services and lending products that serve Low-Income persons and that: (1) Are not provided by other lenders in the area; or (2) Complement the services and lending products provided by...

  3. 12 CFR 1805.301 - Eligible activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) Are owned by Low-Income persons; or (3) Enhance the availability of products and services to Low... only be used for services and lending products that serve Low-Income persons and that: (1) Are not provided by other lenders in the area; or (2) Complement the services and lending products provided by...

  4. 12 CFR 560.36 - De minimis investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false De minimis investments. 560.36 Section 560.36 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.36 De minimis investments. A Federal...

  5. 12 CFR 560.32 - Pass-through investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Pass-through investments. 560.32 Section 560.32 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.32 Pass-through investments. (a) A...

  6. 75 FR 50936 - Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-18

    ...-AC60 Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management AGENCY: Farm Credit... sound operation of System institutions by strengthening their risk management practices and abilities to... the establishment of consistent, uniform and prudent concentration risk management policies by System...

  7. Student Loan Financing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ginsberg, Edward; Ginsberg, Susan

    1989-01-01

    The Guaranteed Student Loan program is big business and risky for everyone except the lending institutions. Students who default on their loans now risk tougher penalties, and the federal government must foot the bill when students don't repay. The default problem varies by state and lending institution. Some California figures are provided. (MLH)

  8. ADONIS: One Library's Experience with a CD-ROM Document Delivery System.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pereira, Monica

    Academic libraries have traditionally used interlibrary lending to facilitate document delivery. The trend of stagnating or dwindling serials budgets in libraries, coupled with increased journal costs, has served to increase libraries' reliance on the benefits of consortium pricing and shared costs, by utilizing interlibrary lending of journals.…

  9. 12 CFR 390.265 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... consistent with safe and sound banking practices; (ii) Be appropriate to the size of the institution and the... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices...

  10. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart D of... - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must ensure that the institution... employment trends. • Zoning requirements. • Current and projected vacancy, construction, and absorption rates... property. • Maximum loan maturities by type of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for...

  11. 12 CFR 390.265 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... consistent with safe and sound banking practices; (ii) Be appropriate to the size of the institution and the... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices...

  12. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart D of... - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must ensure that the institution... employment trends. • Zoning requirements. • Current and projected vacancy, construction, and absorption rates... property. • Maximum loan maturities by type of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for...

  13. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart D of... - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must ensure that the institution... employment trends. • Zoning requirements. • Current and projected vacancy, construction, and absorption rates... property. • Maximum loan maturities by type of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for...

  14. 12 CFR Appendix C to Part 208 - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices... of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for different types of real estate loans...

  15. 12 CFR 160.101 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... consistent with safe and sound banking practices; (ii) Be appropriate to the size of the institution and the... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices...

  16. 12 CFR 160.101 - Real estate lending standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... consistent with safe and sound banking practices; (ii) Be appropriate to the size of the institution and the... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices...

  17. Ereaders in Academic Libraries--A Literature Review

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tees, Tracy

    2010-01-01

    This literature review describes the experiences of universities in their use of ereaders as textbook replacements and of academic libraries and their lending of ereaders. Information gained from this review will inform Southern Cross University (SCU) Library's forthcoming Ereader Project, which will trial the lending of ereaders as leisure…

  18. 12 CFR 560.60 - Suretyship and guaranty.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Suretyship and guaranty. 560.60 Section 560.60 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.60 Suretyship and guaranty. Pursuant...

  19. 12 CFR 560.34 - Prepayments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prepayments. 560.34 Section 560.34 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.34 Prepayments. Any prepayment on a real estate loan...

  20. 12 CFR 560.33 - Late charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Late charges. 560.33 Section 560.33 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.33 Late charges. A Federal savings association may...

  1. 49 CFR 22.31 - Suspension or revocation of eligibility to participate.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Suspension or revocation of eligibility to participate. 22.31 Section 22.31 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation SHORT-TERM LENDING... operational requirements; or a failure to engage in prudent lending practices. A suspension or revocation will...

  2. 12 CFR 560.130 - Prohibition on loan procurement fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prohibition on loan procurement fees. 560.130 Section 560.130 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.130 Prohibition on...

  3. 12 CFR 614.4010 - Agricultural credit banks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Agricultural credit banks. 614.4010 Section 614.4010 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Lending Authorities § 614.4010 Agricultural credit banks. (a) Long-term real estate lending. Except to the...

  4. 76 FR 42015 - Prohibition Against Payment of Interest on Demand Deposits

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-18

    ... also sought comment on four specific issues related to the proposal: 1. Does the repeal of Regulation Q..., consumer lending and small business lending. Commenters argued that smaller institutions, as they lose... received from smaller banks because the business model of smaller banks focuses on relationships and...

  5. Extinction events can accelerate evolution.

    PubMed

    Lehman, Joel; Miikkulainen, Risto

    2015-01-01

    Extinction events impact the trajectory of biological evolution significantly. They are often viewed as upheavals to the evolutionary process. In contrast, this paper supports the hypothesis that although they are unpredictably destructive, extinction events may in the long term accelerate evolution by increasing evolvability. In particular, if extinction events extinguish indiscriminately many ways of life, indirectly they may select for the ability to expand rapidly through vacated niches. Lineages with such an ability are more likely to persist through multiple extinctions. Lending computational support for this hypothesis, this paper shows how increased evolvability will result from simulated extinction events in two computational models of evolved behavior. The conclusion is that although they are destructive in the short term, extinction events may make evolution more prolific in the long term.

  6. Beauty premium: Event-related potentials evidence of how physical attractiveness matters in online peer-to-peer lending.

    PubMed

    Jin, Jia; Fan, Bonai; Dai, Shenyi; Ma, Qingguo

    2017-02-15

    Although it is well known that attractiveness-based impressions affect the labor market, election outcomes and many other social activities, little is known about the role physical attractiveness plays in financial transactions. With the development of online finance, peer-to-peer lending has become one of the most important ways in which businesses or individuals raise capital. However, because of information asymmetry, the lender must decide whether or not to lend money to a stranger based on limited information, resulting in their decision being influenced by many other factors. In the current study, we investigated how potential borrowers' facial attractiveness influenced lenders' attitudes toward borrowers' repayment behavior at the brain level by using event-related potentials. At the priming stage, photos of attractive borrowers induced smaller N200 amplitude than photos of unattractive borrowers. Meanwhile, at the feedback stage, compared with the condition of repaying on time, breach of repayment from unattractive borrowers induced larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitude, which was a frontal-central negative deflection and would be enhanced by the unexpected outcome. Furthermore, smaller P300 amplitude was also elicited by the condition of not repaying on time. These differences in the FRN and P300 amplitudes were not observed between negative and positive feedback from attractive borrowers. Therefore, our findings suggest that the beauty premium phenomenon is present in online peer-to-peer lending and that lenders were more tolerant toward attractive borrowers' dishonest behavior. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  7. Behavioral evidence for left-hemisphere specialization of motor planning

    PubMed Central

    Meulenbroek, Ruud G. J.; Steenbergen, Bert

    2010-01-01

    Recent studies suggest that the left hemisphere is dominant for the planning of motor actions. This left-hemisphere specialization hypothesis was proposed in various lines of research, including patient studies, motor imagery studies, and studies involving neurophysiological techniques. However, most of these studies are primarily based on experiments involving right-hand-dominant participants. Here, we present the results of a behavioral study with left-hand-dominant participants, which follows up previous work in right-hand-dominant participants. In our experiment, participants grasped CD casings and replaced them in a different, pre-cued orientation. Task performance was measured by the end-state comfort effect, i.e., the anticipated degree of physical comfort associated with the posture that is planned to be adopted at movement completion. Both left- and right-handed participants showed stronger end-state comfort effects for their right hand compared to their left hand. These results lend behavioral support to the left-hemisphere-dominance motion-planning hypothesis. PMID:21184219

  8. Measures of Patient Activation and Social Support in a Peer-Led Support Network for Women With Cardiovascular Disease.

    PubMed

    Witt, Dawn; Benson, Gretchen; Campbell, Susan; Sillah, Arthur; Berra, Kathy

    Social support has been associated with beneficial effects on many disease states and overall health and well-being. However, there is limited research exploring the impact of peer-led support models among women living with coronary heart disease. This study describes the structure of peer-led support groups offered by WomenHeart (WH): The National Coalition for Women Living with Heart Disease, and assesses WH participants' quality of life and social, emotional, and physical health. Participants were recruited from 50 WH groups. A 70-item online survey was administered, and the main analytic sample included 157 women. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between patient activation levels (lower activation levels: 1, 2 vs higher activation levels: 3, 4) and social support scores (range: lowest 8 to highest 34), adjusting for age. High levels of social support, patient activation, physical activity, and low levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were reported. Those who were at or above the median for the social support measures (indicating high levels of social support) had greater odds of high levels of patient activation (level 3 or 4) than individuals reporting low levels of social support (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.04-4.76; P = .012). Women who regularly attended a support group by a trained peer leader were highly engaged in their health care and had low levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. These findings lend credibility to the value of the peer support model and could potentially be replicated in other disease states to enhance patient care.

  9. [Study of the work and of working in Family Health Care Support Center].

    PubMed

    Lancman, Selma; Gonçalves, Rita Maria de Abreu; Cordone, Nicole Guimarães; Barros, Juliana de Oliveira

    2013-10-01

    To understand the organization of and the working conditions in family health care support centers, as well as subjective experiences related to work in two of these centers. This was a case study carried out during 2011 and 2012 in two family health care support centers in Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. Data were collected and analyzed using two theoretical-methodological references from ergonomics and work psychodynamics influenced, respectively, by ergonomic work analysis, developed based on open observations of a variety of tasks and on interviews and in practice in work psychodynamics, carried out using think tanks about the work. The work of the Family Health Care Support Centers in question is constituted on the bases of complex, diversified actions to be shared among the various professionals and teams involved. Innovative technological tools, which are not often adopted by primary health care professionals, are used and the parameters and productivity measures do not encompass the specificity and the complexity of the work performed. These situations require constant organizational rearrangement, especially between the Family Health Care Support Centers and the Family Health Care Teams, causing difficulties in carrying out the work as well as in constituting the identity of the professionals studied. The study attempts to lend greater visibility to the work processes at the Family Health Care Support Centers in order to contribute to advances in public policy on primary healthcare. It is important to stress that introducing changes at work, which affect both its organization and work conditions, is above all a commitment, which to be effective, must be permanent and must involve the different levels of hierarchy.

  10. A Componential Analysis of Visual Attention in Children With ADHD.

    PubMed

    McAvinue, Laura P; Vangkilde, Signe; Johnson, Katherine A; Habekost, Thomas; Kyllingsbæk, Søren; Bundesen, Claus; Robertson, Ian H

    2015-10-01

    Inattentive behaviour is a defining characteristic of ADHD. Researchers have wondered about the nature of the attentional deficit underlying these symptoms. The primary purpose of the current study was to examine this attentional deficit using a novel paradigm based upon the Theory of Visual Attention (TVA). The TVA paradigm enabled a componential analysis of visual attention through the use of a mathematical model to estimate parameters relating to attentional selectivity and capacity. Children's ability to sustain attention was also assessed using the Sustained Attention to Response Task. The sample included a comparison between 25 children with ADHD and 25 control children aged 9-13. Children with ADHD had significantly impaired sustained attention and visual processing speed but intact attentional selectivity, perceptual threshold and visual short-term memory capacity. The results of this study lend support to the notion of differential impairment of attentional functions in children with ADHD. © 2012 SAGE Publications.

  11. Compact, singular G 2-holonomy manifolds and M/heterotic/F-theory duality

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Braun, Andreas P.; Schäfer-Nameki, Sakura

    2018-04-01

    We study the duality between M-theory on compact holonomy G 2-manifolds and the heterotic string on Calabi-Yau three-folds. The duality is studied for K3-fibered G 2-manifolds, called twisted connected sums, which lend themselves to an application of fiber-wise M-theory/Heterotic Duality. For a large class of such G 2-manifolds we are able to identify the dual heterotic as well as F-theory realizations. First we establish this chain of dualities for smooth G 2-manifolds. This has a natural generalization to situations with non-abelian gauge groups, which correspond to singular G 2-manifolds, where each of the K3-fibers degenerates. We argue for their existence through the chain of dualities, supported by non-trivial checks of the spectra. The corresponding 4d gauge groups can be both Higgsable and non-Higgsable, and we provide several explicit examples of the general construction.

  12. The Effect of Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation in Infancy on Melanoma Risk.

    PubMed

    Gefeller, Olaf; Fiessler, Cornelia; Radespiel-Tröger, Martin; Uter, Wolfgang; Pfahlberg, Annette B

    2016-01-01

    Evidence on the effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in infancy on melanoma risk in later life is scarce. Three recent studies suffering from methodological shortcomings suggested that people born in spring carry a higher melanoma risk. Data from the Bavarian population-based cancer registry on 28374 incident melanoma cases between 2002 and 2012 were analyzed to reexamine this finding. Crude and adjusted analyses - using negative binomial regression models - were performed addressing the relationship. In the crude analysis, the birth months March - May were significantly overrepresented among melanoma cases. However, after additionally adjusting for the birth month distribution of the Bavarian population, the ostensible seasonal effect disappeared. Similar results emerged in all subgroup analyses. Our large registry-based study provides no evidence that people born in spring carry a higher risk for developing melanoma in later life and thus lends no support to the hypothesis of higher UVR-susceptibility during the first months of life.

  13. Genome-wide association study of intraocular pressure identifies the GLCCI1/ICA1 region as a glaucoma susceptibility locus

    PubMed Central

    Strange, Amy; Bellenguez, Céline; Sim, Xueling; Luben, Robert; Hysi, Pirro G.; Ramdas, Wishal D.; van Koolwijk, Leonieke M.E.; Freeman, Colin; Pirinen, Matti; Su, Zhan; Band, Gavin; Pearson, Richard; Vukcevic, Damjan; Langford, Cordelia; Deloukas, Panos; Hunt, Sarah; Gray, Emma; Dronov, Serge; Potter, Simon C.; Tashakkori-Ghanbaria, Avazeh; Edkins, Sarah; Bumpstead, Suzannah J.; Blackwell, Jenefer M.; Bramon, Elvira; Brown, Matthew A.; Casas, Juan P.; Corvin, Aiden; Duncanson, Audrey; Jankowski, Janusz A.Z.; Markus, Hugh S.; Mathew, Christopher G.; Palmer, Colin N.A.; Plomin, Robert; Rautanen, Anna; Sawcer, Stephen J.; Trembath, Richard C.; Wood, Nicholas W.; Barroso, Ines; Peltonen, Leena; Healey, Paul; McGuffin, Peter; Topouzis, Fotis; Klaver, Caroline C.W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.; Mackey, David A.; Young, Terri L.; Hammond, Christopher J.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick; Wang, Jie Jin; Wong, Tien Y.; Foster, Paul J.; Mitchell, Paul; Spencer, Chris C.A.; Donnelly, Peter; Viswanathan, Ananth C.

    2013-01-01

    To discover quantitative trait loci for intraocular pressure, a major risk factor for glaucoma and the only modifiable one, we performed a genome-wide association study on a discovery cohort of 2175 individuals from Sydney, Australia. We found a novel association between intraocular pressure and a common variant at 7p21 near to GLCCI1 and ICA1. The findings in this region were confirmed through two UK replication cohorts totalling 4866 individuals (rs59072263, Pcombined = 1.10 × 10−8). A copy of the G allele at this SNP is associated with an increase in mean IOP of 0.45 mmHg (95%CI = 0.30–0.61 mmHg). These results lend support to the implication of vesicle trafficking and glucocorticoid inducibility pathways in the determination of intraocular pressure and in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma. PMID:23836780

  14. Developmental Relations Between Alcohol and Aggressive Behavior Among Adolescents: Neighborhood and Sociodemographic Correlates

    PubMed Central

    Bright, Charlotte Lyn; Jun, Hyun-Jin; Stapleton, Laura M.

    2015-01-01

    Throughout adolescence, alcohol consumption and aggressive behaviors are associated with multiple problematic outcomes. Few studies have examined neighborhood-level predictors and individual and family-level sociodemographic variables to describe longitudinal trajectories of these problem behaviors. Therefore, this study investigated the unique contributions of neighborhood and sociodemographic factors in the shared development of aggressive behaviors and drinking in adolescents. We analyzed alcohol consumption frequency and frequency of aggressive behaviors using parallel process latent growth curve models with demographic indicators and neighborhood constructs as predictors. At all ages, alcohol use and aggression positively covaried. Male gender was associated with both aggressive episodes and alcohol use at age 12. African American ethnicity was associated with higher levels of early aggression. Higher neighborhood income was associated with lower levels of early aggression. Findings lend support to current efforts to curb early initiation of alcohol use and aggression. PMID:26413037

  15. Land ownership and technology adoption revisited: Improved maize varieties in Ethiopia.

    PubMed

    Zeng, Di; Alwang, Jeffrey; Norton, George; Jaleta, Moti; Shiferaw, Bekele; Yirga, Chilot

    2018-03-01

    The lack of land ownership can discourage agricultural technology adoption, yet there is scarce evidence of the impact of land rental contracts on the adoption of improved crop varieties in developing countries. The current study investigates such impact using a nationally representative survey of Ethiopian maize farmers. In contrast to many previous studies, we show in a simple model that cash-renters are as likely to adopt improved maize varieties as owner-operators, while sharecroppers are more likely to adopt given that such varieties are profitable. Empirical analysis reveals a significant impact of sharecropping on improved maize variety adoption, and no significant impact from cash-rental, lending support to the above hypotheses. These results imply that improvements in land rental markets can potentially enhance household welfare through crop variety adoption in agrarian economies where land sales markets are incomplete or missing.

  16. The dynamic spillover of satisfaction between work and marriage: the role of time and mood.

    PubMed

    Heller, Daniel; Watson, David

    2005-11-01

    Previous research has indicated important linkages between work and family domains and roles. However, the nature of the dynamic spillover between job and marital satisfaction remains poorly understood. The current study tests both the concurrent and lagged associations between job and marital satisfaction at a within-individual level of analysis using a diary study of 76 fully employed, married adults. The authors further examine the mediating role of mood in this spillover process. Consistent with their hypotheses, findings indicate both a concurrent and a lagged (job to marital and marital to job) job satisfaction-marital satisfaction association at the within-subject level of analysis and lend some support for the mediating role of mood (most notably positive affect) in these associations. The authors hope these findings stimulate new research that uses more complex designs and comprehensive theoretical models to investigate work-family links. ((c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved).

  17. An evaluation of rational-emotive imagery as a component of rational-emotive therapy in the treatment of test anxiety.

    PubMed

    Hymen, S P; Warren, R

    1978-06-01

    This study evaluated the efficacy of rational-emotive imagery as a component of rational-emotive therapy in reduction of college students' test anxiety. 11 volunteers met for 6 1-hr. group treatment sessions over a 3-wk. period. After 2 initial treatment sessions subjects were randomly assigned to groups given either rational-emotive therapy with rational-emotive imagery or rational-emotive therapy without imagery. Contrary to predictions, improvement between groups on self-report and performance measures was nonsignificant. Failure to obtain differences was attributed to similarities in content of treatment sessions and short treatment time. Combined groups reported significant improvement on all dependent measures. Although the study did not yield the predicted benefits of the imagery, results lend further support to the efficacy of rational-emotive therapy procedures in the reduction of test anxiety.

  18. A comparison of avian hematozoan epizootiology in two California coastal scrub communities

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Super, Paul E.; van Riper, Charles

    1995-01-01

    Passerine birds within two California (USA) coastal scrub ecosystems, an island and a mainland site, were examined for hematozoa from 1984 to 1990. Island birds had a significantly lower hematozoan prevalence than mainland birds. This prevalence difference can be related to a lack of appropriate hematozoan vectors on the island. Haemoproteus spp. and Leucocytozoon spp. were the most commonly encountered hematozoa; four new species of Leucocytozoon spp. and one new Haemoproteus sp. were found in five host families. No transmission of hematozoan parasites was detected at the island site during the study. At the mainland coastal scrub site, Leucocytozoon spp. was transmitted each year while Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp. transmission varied between years. There was evidence that some species of birds acquired infections outside of their breeding season. Results of this study lend further support to the prediction of decreased disease on remote island ecosystems.

  19. Relative chronology of Martian volcanoes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Landheim, R.; Barlow, N. G.

    1991-01-01

    Impact cratering is one of the major geological processes that has affected the Martian surface throughout the planet's history. The frequency of craters within particular size ranges provides information about the formation ages and obliterative episodes of Martian geologic units. The Barlow chronology was extended by measuring small craters on the volcanoes and a number of standard terrain units. Inclusions of smaller craters in units previously analyzed by Barlow allowed for a more direct comparison between the size-frequency distribution data for volcanoes and established chronology. During this study, 11,486 craters were mapped and identified in the 1.5 to 8 km diameter range in selected regions of Mars. The results are summarized in this three page report and give a more precise estimate of the relative chronology of the Martian volcanoes. Also, the results of this study lend further support to the increasing evidence that volcanism has been a dominant geologic force throughout Martian history.

  20. Adolescents' knowledge and beliefs about pregnancy: the impact of "ENABL".

    PubMed

    Arnold, E M; Smith, T E; Harrison, D F; Springer, D W

    2000-01-01

    Finding effective ways to prevent adolescent pregnancy is a concern of public health officials, educators, social workers, parents, and legislators. Numerous programs exist, but there is debate as to whether it is the specific program itself or other factors that are responsible for participants' successful outcomes. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study sought to determine which factors predicted changes in knowledge and beliefs among middle school students (N = 1,450) after exposure to Postponing Sexual Involvement (PSI), the curricular component of Education Now and Babies Later (ENABL), a pregnancy prevention program. It was found that the single most important predictor of improvement in knowledge and beliefs about pregnancy prevention was PSI itself, not background variables. The findings contradict some of the previous studies on factors impacting teenage pregnancy and lend support for the continued examination of ENABL as a promising component of pregnancy prevention efforts.

  1. Optimism and the experience of pain: benefits of seeing the glass as half full

    PubMed Central

    Goodin, Burel R.; Bulls, Hailey W.

    2014-01-01

    There is a strong body of literature that lends support to the health-promoting effects of an optimistic personality disposition, observed across various physical and psychological dimensions. In accordance with this evidence base, it has been suggested that optimism may positively influence the course and experience of pain. Although the associations among optimism and pain outcomes have only recently begun to be adequately studied, emerging experimental and clinical research links optimism to lower pain sensitivity and better adjustment to chronic pain. This review highlights recent studies that have examined the effects of optimism on the pain experience using samples of individuals with clinically painful conditions as well as healthy samples in laboratory settings. Furthermore, factors such as catastrophizing, hope, acceptance and coping strategies, which are thought to play a role in how optimism exerts its beneficial effects on pain, are also addressed. PMID:23519832

  2. 12 CFR 528.9 - Guidelines relating to nondiscrimination in lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... achieved by means which are not discriminatory in effect or less discriminatory in effect. (c) Discriminatory practices—(1) Discrimination on the basis of sex or marital status. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 and the National Housing Act prohibit discrimination in lending on the basis of sex. The Equal Credit...

  3. 31 CFR 800.303 - Lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... profits of a U.S. business, the right to appoint members of the board of directors of the U.S. business... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Lending transactions. 800.303 Section 800.303 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF...

  4. 31 CFR 800.303 - Lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... profits of a U.S. business, the right to appoint members of the board of directors of the U.S. business... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Lending transactions. 800.303 Section 800.303 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF...

  5. 31 CFR 800.303 - Lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... profits of a U.S. business, the right to appoint members of the board of directors of the U.S. business... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Lending transactions. 800.303 Section 800.303 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF...

  6. 31 CFR 800.303 - Lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... profits of a U.S. business, the right to appoint members of the board of directors of the U.S. business... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Lending transactions. 800.303 Section 800.303 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF...

  7. 75 FR 58469 - Regulation Z; Truth in Lending

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-24

    ... Congress enacted the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) based on findings that economic stability would be... 2503 of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, Public Law 110-289, enacted on July 30, 2008. The MDIA was later amended by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, Public Law 110-343...

  8. 75 FR 8772 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Order Approving...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-25

    ... broker-customer relationship; or (5) the lending arrangement is based on a business relationship outside of the broker-customer relationship. In addition, with the exception of lending arrangements between... for a loan that is not the product of the broker- customer relationship would not vitiate the idea...

  9. Education & Entrepreneurship: Implications for Contemporary Microfinance

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gnegy, Alan M.; Wilson, Alan J.; Sementa, Albert; McWilliams, Aman; Helmer, Caitlin; Kidwell, Jacob; Swaim, Kelsey L.; Neidermeyer, Presha E.

    2011-01-01

    In world regions receiving direct foreign aid, beneficiaries of aid often lack the education required to remove themselves from poverty. Micro-lending refers to the initiation of small loans to the neediest of borrowers who are unable to secure traditional financing from financial intermediaries. In order for micro-lending to thrive as a viable…

  10. 32 CFR 113.6 - Procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... indebtedness complaints to show that they have met the disclosure requirements of the Truth in Lending Act (15... the Military Service as required by the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 note, 1601-1614, 1631... collect this post-application interest provided it is an amount owed pursuant to the judgment. DFAS shall...

  11. 77 FR 39387 - Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management; Effective Date

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-03

    ... FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 614 RIN 3052-AC60 Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management; Effective Date AGENCY: Farm Credit Administration. ACTION: Notice of effective date. SUMMARY: The Farm Credit Administration (FCA or Agency), through the FCA Board (Board...

  12. 12 CFR 560.31 - Election regarding categorization of loans or investments and related calculations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... included in the calculation of a percentage-of-assets or percentage-of-capital investment limitation only... investments and related calculations. 560.31 Section 560.31 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings...

  13. 12 CFR 550.370 - May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts? 550.370 Section 550.370 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FIDUCIARY POWERS OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS Exercising Fiduciary Powers Restrictions on Self...

  14. Banking on Solar: New Opportunities for Lending (Fact Sheet)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    The U.S. solar industry is a $13.7 billion market with roughly 450,000 systems in place. Bank and credit union lending for solar system deployment represents a valuable new opportunity for lenders to expand their consumer and commercial customer relationships, bring on new relationships and open a new asset class category.

  15. What Truth in Lending Means to You.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, DC.

    Designed for the general public and possibly suitable also for high school economics students, this pamphlet discusses the provisions of the Truth in Lending Law. The act requires that creditors state credit charges in a uniform way. The pamphlet provides a brief description of finance charges and annual percentage rates. It also focuses on…

  16. 75 FR 11641 - Community Reinvestment Act; Interagency Questions and Answers Regarding Community Reinvestment...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-11

    ... lending test applicable to large institutions, its content may also be applicable to, for example, small... the guidance that describes the lending, investment, and service tests. The Questions and Answers are... received total quantitative CRA consideration. Although this is true if the express, bona fide intent of...

  17. IFLA General Conference, 1985. Division on Collections and Services. Section on Interlending and Document Delivery. Papers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

    Papers on interlibrary loans and document delivery which were presented at the 1985 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference include: (1) "The Activities of the IFLA Office for International Lending" (Richard J. Bennett, British Library Lending Division, United Kingdom); (2) "Electronic Networking for…

  18. 12 CFR 34.4 - Applicability of state law.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY REAL ESTATE LENDING AND... authorized real estate lending powers do not apply to national banks. Specifically, a national bank may make real estate loans under 12 U.S.C. 371 and § 34.3, without regard to state law limitations concerning...

  19. 12 CFR 528.9 - Guidelines relating to nondiscrimination in lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status (having one or more children under...) Discriminatory practices—(1) Discrimination on the basis of sex or marital status. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 and the National Housing Act prohibit discrimination in lending on the basis of sex. The Equal Credit...

  20. 12 CFR 128.9 - Guidelines relating to nondiscrimination in lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status (having one or more children under...) Discriminatory practices—(1) Discrimination on the basis of sex or marital status. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 and the National Housing Act prohibit discrimination in lending on the basis of sex. The Equal Credit...

  1. 12 CFR 528.9 - Guidelines relating to nondiscrimination in lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status (having one or more children under...) Discriminatory practices—(1) Discrimination on the basis of sex or marital status. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 and the National Housing Act prohibit discrimination in lending on the basis of sex. The Equal Credit...

  2. 12 CFR 560.37 - Real estate for office and related facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Real estate for office and related facilities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.37 Real estate for office and related facilities. A federal savings association may invest in real estate (improved...

  3. 78 FR 59380 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Reinstatement, With Change, of a...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-26

    ... to NCUA's regulation on nondiscrimination requirements in real estate-related lending. DATES... collection of information for 12 CFR 701.31, Nondiscrimination Requirements in Real Estate- Related Lending... et seq. It requires each Federal credit union (FCU) to maintain a copy of the real estate appraisal...

  4. 12 CFR 560.37 - Real estate for office and related facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Real estate for office and related facilities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.37 Real estate for office and related facilities. A federal savings association may invest in real estate (improved...

  5. 12 CFR 560.37 - Real estate for office and related facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Real estate for office and related facilities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.37 Real estate for office and related facilities. A federal savings association may invest in real estate (improved...

  6. 12 CFR 560.37 - Real estate for office and related facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Real estate for office and related facilities... LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.37 Real estate for office and related facilities. A federal savings association may invest in real estate (improved...

  7. 13 CFR 120.1900 - When does the Secondary Market Lending Authority Program end?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When does the Secondary Market Lending Authority Program end? 120.1900 Section 120.1900 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of an SBA Direct Loan Program for Systemically Important Secondary...

  8. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart A of... - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices... of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for different types of real estate loans...

  9. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart A of... - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... institution's policies must be comprehensive, and consistent with safe and sound lending practices, and must..., construction, and absorption rates. • Current and projected lease terms, rental rates, and sales prices... of property. • Amortization schedules. • Pricing structure for different types of real estate loans...

  10. 12 CFR 32.6 - Nonconforming loans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nonconforming loans. 32.6 Section 32.6 Banks... Nonconforming loans. (a) A loan, within a bank's legal lending limit when made, will not be deemed a violation but will be treated as nonconforming if the loan is no longer in conformity with the bank's lending...

  11. 12 CFR 550.370 - May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false May I sell assets or lend money between fiduciary accounts? 550.370 Section 550.370 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FIDUCIARY POWERS OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS Exercising Fiduciary Powers Restrictions on Self...

  12. Payment to Creators for Library Loans (Public Lending Right).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Faulds, M.

    These recommendations and report on Public Lending Right (PLR) drafted by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe were designed to encourage the recognition of the principle of PLR and the setting up of compatible PLR schemes throughout Europe. It discusses why an agreement for PLR is necessary, and describes several methods of…

  13. 36 CFR 1284.30 - Does NARA lend documents to other institutions for exhibit purposes?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Does NARA lend documents to other institutions for exhibit purposes? 1284.30 Section 1284.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property... security, fire protection, environmental controls, packing and shipping, exhibit methods, and insurance...

  14. 12 CFR 560.172 - Re-evaluation of real estate owned.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Re-evaluation of real estate owned. 560.172 Section 560.172 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Provisions Applicable to all Savings Associations § 560.172 Re-evaluation...

  15. 12 CFR 560.50 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings-authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Letters of credit and other independent undertakings-authority. 560.50 Section 560.50 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.50...

  16. 75 FR 9244 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Owner of Record and Re-Sale Data To...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-5380-N-11] Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Comment Request; Owner of Record and Re-Sale Data To Preclude Predatory Lending... to Preclude Predatory Lending Practices (Property Flipping) on FHA Insured Mortgages. OMB Control...

  17. 12 CFR 560.42 - State and local government obligations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State and local government obligations. 560.42 Section 560.42 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.42 State and local government...

  18. 12 CFR 560.37 - Real estate for office and related facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Real estate for office and related facilities. 560.37 Section 560.37 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LENDING AND INVESTMENT Lending and Investment Powers for Federal Savings Associations § 560.37 Real estate...

  19. Straight Talk on Student Loans. PPI Policy Brief

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shireman, Robert

    2004-01-01

    The federal government provides student loans for college and graduate school in two ways: by: (1) guaranteeing bank loans; and (2) by lending directly to students. Approximately three-quarters of federal student loans are guaranteed and one-quarter are direct. In the guaranteed loan program, a 40-year-old system, banks lend students money and…

  20. 76 FR 29992 - Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-24

    ... System institutions by strengthening their risk mitigation practices and abilities to withstand volatile... leasing practices. In addition, one commenter recommended that there be consistent limits for titles I and... limit was not the best solution to address unsafe lending practices. Rather than lower the limit for...

  1. 77 FR 54844 - High-Cost Mortgage and Homeownership Counseling Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-06

    ... BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PROTECTION 12 CFR Part 1026 [Docket No. CFPB-2012-0029] RIN 3170-AA12 High-Cost Mortgage and Homeownership Counseling Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z) and Homeownership Counseling Amendments to the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (Regulation X...

  2. 13 CFR 120.470 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBLCs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... requirements for SBLCs? 120.470 Section 120.470 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.470 What are SBA's additional... follow. (a) Lending. An SBLC may only make: (1) Loans under section 7(a) (except section 7(a)(13) of the...

  3. 13 CFR 120.470 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBLCs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... requirements for SBLCs? 120.470 Section 120.470 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.470 What are SBA's additional... follow. (a) Lending. An SBLC may only make: (1) Loans under section 7(a) (except section 7(a)(13) of the...

  4. 13 CFR 120.470 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBLCs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... requirements for SBLCs? 120.470 Section 120.470 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.470 What are SBA's additional... follow. (a) Lending. An SBLC may only make: (1) Loans under section 7(a) (except section 7(a)(13) of the...

  5. 13 CFR 120.470 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBLCs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... requirements for SBLCs? 120.470 Section 120.470 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.470 What are SBA's additional... follow. (a) Lending. An SBLC may only make: (1) Loans under section 7(a) (except section 7(a)(13) of the...

  6. 13 CFR 120.470 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBLCs?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... requirements for SBLCs? 120.470 Section 120.470 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Small Business Lending Companies (sblc) § 120.470 What are SBA's additional... follow. (a) Lending. An SBLC may only make: (1) Loans under section 7(a) (except section 7(a)(13) of the...

  7. Academic administrators' attitudes towards interprofessional education in Canadian schools of health professional education.

    PubMed

    Curran, Vernon R; Deacon, Diana R; Fleet, Lisa

    2005-05-01

    Interprofessional education is an approach to educating and training students and practitioners from different health professions to work in a collaborative manner in providing client and/or patient-centred care. The introduction and successful implementation of this educational approach is dependent on a variety of factors, including the attitudes of students, faculty, senior academic administrators (e.g., deans and directors) and practitioners. The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes towards interprofessional teamwork and interprofessional education amongst academic administrators of post-secondary health professional education programs in Canada. A web-based questionnaire in English and French was distributed via e-mail messaging during January 2004 to academic administrators in Canada representing medicine, nursing, pharmacy, social work, occupational therapy and physiotherapy post-secondary educational programs. Responses were sought on attitudes towards interprofessional teamwork and interprofessional education, as well as opinions regarding barriers to interprofessional education and subject areas that lend themselves to interprofessional education. In general, academic administrators responding to the survey hold overall positive attitudes towards interprofessional teamwork and interprofessional education practices, and the results indicate there were no significant differences between professions in relation to these attitudinal perspectives. The main barriers to interprofessional education were problems with scheduling/calendar, rigid curriculum, turf battles and lack of perceived value. The main pre-clinical subject areas which respondents believed would lend themselves to interprofessional education included community health/prevention, ethics, communications, critical appraisal, and epidemiology. The results of this study suggest that a favourable perception of both interprofessional teamwork and interprofessional education exists amongst academic administrators of Canadian health professional education programs. If this is the case, the post-secondary system in Canada is primed for the introduction of interprofessional education initiatives which support the development of client and patient-centred collaborative practice competencies.

  8. Repetition of the classical Boysen-Jensen and Nielsen's experiment on phototropism of oat coleoptiles.

    PubMed

    Yamada, K; Nakano, H; Yokotani-Tomita, K; Bruinsma, J; Yamamura, S; Hasegawa, K

    2000-03-01

    The classical experiment of phototropic response as reported by Boysen-Jensen and Nielsen (1926), which supports the Cholodny-Went theory, was repeated in detail. In the original experiment, etiolated oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Victory) coleoptiles with mica inserted into their tip only showed a positive response when the mica was placed parallel toward the light source and not if it was inserted perpendicularly. On the contrary, we found a positive response irrespective of whether the mica was inserted parallel or perpendicularly to the light source. Damage owing to rude splitting severely reduced the response upon perpendicular insertion. These results invalidate the Boysen-Jensen and Nielsen's experiment as a support of the Cholodny-Went theory and lend support to the Bruinsma-Hasegawa theory ascribing phototropism to the local light-induced accumulation of growth inhibitors against a background of even auxin distribution, the diffusion of auxin being unaffected.

  9. Is There Evidence to Support a Forefoot Strike Pattern in Barefoot Runners? A Review

    PubMed Central

    Lorenz, Daniel S.; Pontillo, Marisa

    2012-01-01

    Context: Barefoot running is a trend among running enthusiasts that is the subject of much controversy. At this time, benefits appear to be more speculative and anecdotal than evidence based. Additionally, the risk of injuries is not well established. Evidence acquisition: A PubMed search was undertaken for articles published in English from 1980 to 2011. Additional references were accrued from reference lists of research articles. Results: While minimal data exist that definitively support barefoot running, there are data lending support to the argument that runners should use a forefoot strike pattern in lieu of a heel strike pattern to reduce ground reaction forces, ground contact time, and step length. Conclusions: Whether there is a positive or negative effect on injury has yet to be determined. Unquestionably, more research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn. PMID:24179586

  10. Who Leaves Suicide Notes? An Exploration of Victim Characteristics and Suicide Method of Completed Suicides in Queensland.

    PubMed

    Carpenter, Belinda; Bond, Christine; Tait, Gordon; Wilson, Moira; White, Kris

    2016-01-01

    The objective of this study is to address the question: are those who leave suicide notes representative of the larger population of those who commit suicide? The method involves an analysis of a full population of suicides by residents of Queensland, Australia for the full year of 2004, with the information drawn from Coronial files. Our overall results suggest that, and in support of previous research, the population who leaves suicide notes are remarkably similar to those who do not. Differences are identified in four areas: first, and in contrast to prior research, females are less likely to leave a suicide note; second, and in support of previous research, Aboriginal Australians are less likely to leave suicide notes; third, and in support of some previous research, those who use gas as a method of suicide are more likely to leave notes, while those who use a vehicle or a train are less likely to leave notes; finally, our findings lend support to research which finds that those with a diagnosed mental illness are less likely to leave notes. The discussion addresses some of the reasons these disparities may have occurred, and continues the debate over the degree to which suicide notes give insight into the larger suicide population.

  11. The ACM Periodical Bank: A Retrospective View.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Clarke, Jack A.

    1980-01-01

    Evaluates a cooperative venture in interlibrary lending of periodicals planned and executed by ten midwestern colleges. The study traces the consortium's history from 1967 to the present, describing successes and problems. (RAA)

  12. Quantifying travel time variability in transportation networks.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2010-03-01

    Nonrecurring congestion creates significant delay on freeways in urban areas, lending importance : to the study of facility reliability. In locations where traffic detectors record and archive data, : approximate probability distributions for travel ...

  13. Residential Segregation and the Transformation of Home Mortgage Lending

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bond, Carolyn; Williams, Richard

    2007-01-01

    This article shows that, after decades of inequality, the 1990s saw sudden and dramatic increases in lending to low income and minority groups. Drawing in part on the work of Williams, Nesiba and McConnell (2005), we argue that government deregulation, industry restructuring and government-insured loans all fueled this growth by increasing the…

  14. Federal Family Education Loans: Reduced Costs, Direct Lending, and National Income.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miles, Barbara; Zimmerman, Dennis

    This congressional report argues that the costs of the current guaranteed lending program for postsecondary education can be reduced in three ways: (1) by eliminating more-than-competitive returns to private lenders; (2) by reducing administrative costs; and (3) by reducing default costs. It is suggested that the first solution can be accomplished…

  15. The Development Mechanism of Financial Resources of the Housing Mortgage Lending in Russia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Savinova, Valentina A.; Solodilova, Marija N.; Zgegalova, Elena V.; Tershukova, Marina B.; Rutkauskas, Tatiana K.

    2016-01-01

    The urgency of the analyzed issue is due to the priority of state issues of providing the population with affordable and comfortable housing. The purpose of research is to develop the main provisions of the development mechanism of financial resources of the housing mortgage lending and to develop practical recommendations for its implementation.…

  16. 77 FR 49089 - High-Cost Mortgage and Homeownership Counseling Amendments to the Truth in Lending Act...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-15

    ... a detailed discussion of the likely impact of the Dodd- Frank Act's amendments on HOEPA lending. \\10.... Those impacts are analyzed in the 2012 TILA-RESPA Proposal, but the Bureau believes that it is also helpful to analyze potential impacts and modifications to particular regulatory triggers on a rule- by...

  17. 17 CFR 247.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âbrokerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 247.772 Section 247.772 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REGULATION R-EXEMPTIONS AND...

  18. 17 CFR 247.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âbrokerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 247.772 Section 247.772 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REGULATION R-EXEMPTIONS AND...

  19. 17 CFR 247.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âbrokerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 247.772 Section 247.772 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REGULATION R-EXEMPTIONS AND...

  20. 17 CFR 247.772 - Exemption from the definition of “broker” for banks engaging in securities lending transactions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Exemption from the definition of âbrokerâ for banks engaging in securities lending transactions. 247.772 Section 247.772 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REGULATION R-EXEMPTIONS AND...

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