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Skipping breakfast and 5‐year changes in body mass index and waist circumference in Japanese men and women

PubMed Central

Yoshita, K.; Nakamura, K.; Miura, K.; Takamura, T.; Nagasawa, S.Y.; Morikawa, Y.; Kido, T.; Naruse, Y.; Nogawa, K.; Suwazono, Y.; Sasaki, S.; Ishizaki, M.; Nakagawa, H.

2017-01-01

Summary Objective This study investigated the relationship between frequency of skipping breakfast and annual changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Methods The participants were 4,430 factory employees. BMI and WC were measured repeatedly at annual medical examinations over a 5‐year period. The association between frequency of skipping breakfast at the baseline examination and annual changes in anthropometric indices was evaluated using the generalized estimating equation method. Results The mean (standard deviation) BMI was 23.3 (3.0) kg m−2 for men and 21.9 (3.6) kg m−2 for women; and the mean WC was 82.6 (8.7) cm for men and 77.8 (9.8) cm for women. During the follow‐up period, mean BMI increased by 0.2 kg m−2 for men and women, and mean WC increased by 1.1 cm for men and 1.0 cm for women. The annual change in the BMI of men who skipped breakfast four to six times per week was 0.061 kg m−2 higher, and that of those who skipped breakfast seven times per week was 0.046 kg m−2 higher, compared with those who did not skip breakfast. Annual changes in the WC of male participants who skipped breakfast seven times per week was 0.248 cm higher than that of those who did not skip breakfast. Skipping breakfast was not associated with changes in BMI or WC in women. Conclusions Skipping breakfast was closely associated with annual changes in BMI and WC among men, and eating breakfast more than four times per week may prevent the excessive body weight gain associated with skipping breakfast. PMID:28702211

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Efficient voxel navigation for proton therapy dose calculation in TOPAS and Geant4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schümann, J.; Paganetti, H.; Shin, J.; Faddegon, B.; Perl, J.

2012-06-01

A key task within all Monte Carlo particle transport codes is ‘navigation’, the calculation to determine at each particle step what volume the particle may be leaving and what volume the particle may be entering. Navigation should be optimized to the specific geometry at hand. For patient dose calculation, this geometry generally involves voxelized computed tomography (CT) data. We investigated the efficiency of navigation algorithms on currently available voxel geometry parameterizations in the Monte Carlo simulation package Geant4: G4VPVParameterisation, G4VNestedParameterisation and G4PhantomParameterisation, the last with and without boundary skipping, a method where neighboring voxels with the same Hounsfield unit are combined into one larger voxel. A fourth parameterization approach (MGHParameterization), developed in-house before the latter two parameterizations became available in Geant4, was also included in this study. All simulations were performed using TOPAS, a tool for particle simulations layered on top of Geant4. Runtime comparisons were made on three distinct patient CT data sets: a head and neck, a liver and a prostate patient. We included an additional version of these three patients where all voxels, including the air voxels outside of the patient, were uniformly set to water in the runtime study. The G4VPVParameterisation offers two optimization options. One option has a 60-150 times slower simulation speed. The other is compatible in speed but requires 15-19 times more memory compared to the other parameterizations. We found the average CPU time used for the simulation relative to G4VNestedParameterisation to be 1.014 for G4PhantomParameterisation without boundary skipping and 1.015 for MGHParameterization. The average runtime ratio for G4PhantomParameterisation with and without boundary skipping for our heterogeneous data was equal to 0.97: 1. The calculated dose distributions agreed with the reference distribution for all but the G4PhantomParameterisation with boundary skipping for the head and neck patient. The maximum memory usage ranged from 0.8 to 1.8 GB depending on the CT volume independent of parameterizations, except for the 15-19 times greater memory usage with the G4VPVParameterisation when using the option with a higher simulation speed. The G4VNestedParameterisation was selected as the preferred choice for the patient geometries and treatment plans studied.

The relationship between breakfast skipping, chronotype, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

PubMed

Reutrakul, Sirimon; Hood, Megan M; Crowley, Stephanie J; Morgan, Mary K; Teodori, Marsha; Knutson, Kristen L

2014-02-01

Breakfast skipping is associated with obesity and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Later chronotypes, individuals who have a preference for later bed and wake times, often skip breakfast. The aim of the study was to explore the relationships among breakfast skipping, chronotype, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. We collected sleep timing and 24-h dietary recall from 194 non-shift-working type 2 diabetes patients who were being followed in outpatient clinics. Mid-sleep time on free days (MSF) was used as an indicator of chronotype. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) values were obtained from medical records. Hierarchical linear regression analyses controlling for demographic, sleep, and dietary variables were computed to determine whether breakfast skipping was associated with HbA1C. Additional regression analyses were performed to test if this association was mediated by chronotype. There were 22 participants (11.3%) who self-reported missing breakfast. Breakfast skippers had significantly higher HbA1C levels, higher body mass indices (BMI), and later MSF than breakfast eaters. Breakfast skipping was significantly associated with higher HbA1C values (B = 0.108, p = 0.01), even after adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, number of diabetes complications, insulin use, depressive symptoms, perceived sleep debt, and percentage of daily caloric intake at dinner. The relationship between breakfast skipping and HbA1C was partially mediated by chronotype. In summary, breakfast skipping is associated with a later chronotype. Later chronotype and breakfast skipping both contribute to poorer glycemic control, as indicated by higher HbA1C levels. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine whether behavioral interventions targeting breakfast eating or sleep timing may improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

33 CFR Appendix A to Part 105 - Facility Vulnerability and Security Measures Summary (Form CG-6025)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Facility Vulnerability and Security Measures Summary (Form CG-6025) A Appendix A to Part 105 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Appendix A to Part 105—Facility Vulnerability and Security Measures Summary (Form CG-6025) ER22OC03.000...

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GOES Composite - El Niño Support Imagery - Satellite Products and Services

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Division/Office of Satellite and Product Operations Skip Navigation Link NESDIS banner image Information Service Home Page Default Office of Satellite and Product Operations banner image and link to OSPO MIRS MSPPS Ocean -- Coral Bleaching -- Ocean Color -- Sea/Lake Ice -- Sea Surface Height -- Sea Surface

33 CFR 20.901 - Summary decisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Summary decisions. 20.901 Section....901 Summary decisions. (a) Any party may move for a summary decision in all or any part of the... after service of a motion for summary decision, may serve opposing affidavits or countermove for summary...

Data and Statistics on New York's Mining Resources - NYS Dept. of

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New York's Mining Resources Skip to main navigation Data and Statistics on New York's Mining Resources and review information about the regulated site. Materials Mined in New York- This site provides information on the various material mined in New York and the locations where they are extracted. Mined Land

Refrigeration and Food Safety

MedlinePlus

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Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Production and Inspection

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Food Safety Tips for College Students

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Fires and Food Safety

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Safe Minimum Internal Temperature Chart

MedlinePlus

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Parasites and Foodborne Illness

MedlinePlus

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Chief Information Officer > About DoD CIO > Organization > DCIO C4&IIC

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Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

Mission Statement - NOAA's National Weather Service

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select the go button to submit request City, St Go Sign-up for Email Alerts RSS Feeds RSS Feeds Warnings data, forecasts and warnings for the protection of life and property and enhancement of the national Skip Navigation Links weather.gov NOAA logo-Select to go to the NOAA homepage National Oceanic and

National Maps - Alaska - NOAA's National Weather Service

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select the go button to submit request City, St Go Sign-up for Email Alerts RSS Feeds RSS Feeds Warnings current Forecast for Alaska is produced by the NWS Anchorage Forecast Office. It is updated daily Skip Navigation Links weather.gov NOAA logo-Select to go to the NOAA homepage National Oceanic and

Attention: Page has moved

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Skip Navigation Links www.nws.noaa.gov NOAA logo - Click to go to the NOAA home page National Weather Service NWS logo - Click to go to the NWS home page Climate Prediction Center Site Map News Organization Search All NWS Search Go CPC Search CPC search Go About Us Our Mission Who We Are Contact Us CPC

Freezing and Food Safety

MedlinePlus

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Dynamics of Leading-strand Lesion Skipping by the Replisome

PubMed Central

Yeeles, Joseph T.P.; Marians, Kenneth J.

2013-01-01

SUMMARY The E. coli replisome stalls transiently when it encounters a lesion in the leading-strand template, skipping over the damage by reinitiating replication at a new primer synthesized downstream by the primase. We report here that template unwinding and lagging-strand synthesis continue downstream of the lesion at a reduced rate after replisome stalling, that one replisome is capable of skipping multiple lesions, and that the rate limiting steps of replication restart involve the synthesis and activation of the new primer downstream. We also find little support for the concept that polymerase uncoupling, where extensive lagging-strand synthesis proceeds downstream in the absence of leading-strand synthesis, involves physical separation of the leading-strand polymerase from the replisome. Instead, our data indicate that extensive uncoupled replication likely results from a failure of the leading-strand polymerase still associated with the DNA helicase and the lagging-strand polymerase that are proceeding downstream to reinitiate synthesis. PMID:24268579

Chief Information Officer > DoDSection508 > Std_Stmt

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Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

Chief Information Officer - U.S. Department of Defense

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Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

Frozen, Fully-Cooked Products and Botulism--Food Safety Advisory

MedlinePlus

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Natural Flavorings on Meat and Poultry Labels

MedlinePlus

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Climate Prediction Center - Global Tropical Hazards Assessment

Science.gov Websites

Skip Navigation Links www.nws.noaa.gov NOAA logo - Click to go to the NOAA home page National Weather Service NWS logo - Click to go to the NWS home page Climate Prediction Center Home Site Map News Organization Search Go Search the CPC Go Climate Outlooks Climate & Weather Link El Niño/La Niña MJO

Climate Prediction Center - Monitoring & Data: La Niña Seasonal Maps and

Science.gov Websites

Statistics Skip Navigation Links www.nws.noaa.gov NOAA logo - Click to go to the NOAA home page National Weather Service NWS logo - Click to go to the NWS home page Climate Prediction Center Home Site Map News Organization Search Go Search the CPC Go About Us Our Mission Who We Are Contact Us

An examination of the role of feeding regimens in regulating metabolism during the broiler breeder grower period. 1. Hepatic lipid metabolism.

PubMed

de Beer, M; Rosebrough, R W; Russell, B A; Poch, S M; Richards, M P; Coon, C N

2007-08-01

A trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding regimens on hepatic lipid metabolism in 16-wk-old broiler breeder pullets. A flock of 350 Cobb 500 breeder pullets was divided into 2 at 4 wk of age and fed either every day (ED) or skip-a-day (SKIP) from 4 to 16 wk of age. Total feed intake did not differ between the 2 groups. At 112 d, 52 randomly selected ED-fed pullets, and 76 SKIP-fed pullets were individually caged and fed a 74-g (ED) or 148-g (SKIP) meal. Four pullets from each group were killed at intervals after feeding and livers were collected, weighed, and snap-frozen for determination of lipogenic gene expression. Total RNA was isolated from livers using Trizol reagent and then quantitatively measured by noting the optical density 260:280 ratio and qualitatively measured by gel electrophoresis. The expression of certain regulatory genes in metabolism [acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase; fatty acid synthase; malic enzyme (MAE); isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH); and aspartate aminotransferase (AAT)] were determined by real-time reverse-transcription PCR. Remaining liver portions were analyzed for enzyme activity of MAE, ICDH, and AAT as well as glycogen and lipid contents. Liver weight was higher in SKIP than in ED birds. Feeding caused dramatic increases in liver weight, glycogen, and lipids of SKIP birds. Expression of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, FAS, and MAE genes were increased in SKIP birds 12 and 24 h after feeding, with the increases in MAE expression from 0 to 24 h after feeding being of the greatest magnitude. In contrast, SKIP decreased ICDH and AAT gene expression, which parallels findings noted in fasting-refeeding experiments conducted with much younger birds. Skip-a-day feeding resulted in far greater changes in gene expression compared with ED, which was indicative of the inconsistent supply of nutrients in such regimens. Enzyme activity of MAE, ICDH, and AAT was reflective of noted changes in gene expression. In summary, the feeding regimen greatly affected hepatic gene expression in breeder pullets.

Manned geosynchronous mission requirements and systems analysis study. Volume 1: Executive summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyland, R. E.; Sherman, S. W.; Morfin, H. W.

1979-01-01

The crew capsule of the MOTV was studied with emphasis on crew accommodations, crew capsule functional requirements, subsystem interface definition between crew module and propulsion module, and man rating requirements. Competing mission modes were studied covering a wide range of propulsion concepts. These included one stage, one and one half stage, and two stage concepts using either the standard STS or an augmented STS. Several deorbit concepts were considered, including all propulsive modes, direct re-entry, and aeromaneuvering skip in skip out in the upper reaches of Earth's atmosphere. A five year plan covering costs, schedules, and critical technology issues is discussed.

Chief Information Officer > About DoD CIO > Organization > DCIO CS

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Skip to main content (Press Enter). Toggle navigation Chief Information Officer Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Search Chief Information Officer: Search Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Home About DoD CIO Bios Organization DCIO C4&IIC DCIO IE

Data on Oil, Gas and Other Wells in New York State - NYS Dept. of

Science.gov Websites

Site Cleanup Water Air Pesticides Oil & Gas Wells and Mining Regulatory Regulations Permits and ): Search DEC D E C banner Home » Energy and Climate » Oil and Gas » Data on Oil, Gas and Other Wells in New York State Skip to main navigation Data on Oil, Gas and Other Wells in New York State The

Computer aided field editing in the DHS context: the Turkey experiment.

PubMed

Cushing, J; Loaiza, E

1994-01-01

"In this study two types of field editing used during the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey are compared. These two types of editing are computer aided field editing and manual editing. It is known that manual editing by field editors is a tedious job in which errors especially on skip questions can be missed; however, with the aid of computers field editors could quickly find all occasions on which an interviewer incorrectly followed a skip instruction. At the end of the experiment it has been found...that the field editing done with the aid of a notebook computer was consistently better than that done in the standard manual manner." (SUMMARY IN TUR) excerpt

Hitchhiking Robots: A Collaborative Approach for Efficient Multi-Robot Navigation in Indoor Environments

PubMed Central

Ravankar, Abhijeet; Ravankar, Ankit A.; Kobayashi, Yukinori; Emaru, Takanori

2017-01-01

Hitchhiking is a means of transportation gained by asking other people for a (free) ride. We developed a multi-robot system which is the first of its kind to incorporate hitchhiking in robotics, and discuss its advantages. Our method allows the hitchhiker robot to skip redundant computations in navigation like path planning, localization, obstacle avoidance, and map update by completely relying on the driver robot. This allows the hitchhiker robot, which performs only visual servoing, to save computation while navigating on the common path with the driver robot. The driver robot, in the proposed system performs all the heavy computations in navigation and updates the hitchhiker about the current localized positions and new obstacle positions in the map. The proposed system is robust to recover from ‘driver-lost’ scenario which occurs due to visual servoing failure. We demonstrate robot hitchhiking in real environments considering factors like service-time and task priority with different start and goal configurations of the driver and hitchhiker robots. We also discuss the admissible characteristics of the hitchhiker, when hitchhiking should be allowed and when not, through experimental results. PMID:28809803

Hitchhiking Robots: A Collaborative Approach for Efficient Multi-Robot Navigation in Indoor Environments.

PubMed

Ravankar, Abhijeet; Ravankar, Ankit A; Kobayashi, Yukinori; Emaru, Takanori

2017-08-15

Hitchhiking is a means of transportation gained by asking other people for a (free) ride. We developed a multi-robot system which is the first of its kind to incorporate hitchhiking in robotics, and discuss its advantages. Our method allows the hitchhiker robot to skip redundant computations in navigation like path planning, localization, obstacle avoidance, and map update by completely relying on the driver robot. This allows the hitchhiker robot, which performs only visual servoing, to save computation while navigating on the common path with the driver robot. The driver robot, in the proposed system performs all the heavy computations in navigation and updates the hitchhiker about the current localized positions and new obstacle positions in the map. The proposed system is robust to recover from `driver-lost' scenario which occurs due to visual servoing failure. We demonstrate robot hitchhiking in real environments considering factors like service-time and task priority with different start and goal configurations of the driver and hitchhiker robots. We also discuss the admissible characteristics of the hitchhiker, when hitchhiking should be allowed and when not, through experimental results.

RNAV STAR Procedural Adherence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Michael J.; Matthews, Bryan L.

2017-01-01

In this exploratory archival study we mined the performance of 24 major US airports area navigation standard terminal arrival routes (RNAV STARs) over the preceding three years. Overlaying radar track data on top of RNAV STAR routes provided a comparison between aircraft flight paths and the waypoint positions and altitude restrictions. NASA Ames Supercomputing resources were utilized to perform the data mining and processing. We investigated STARs by lateral transition path (full-lateral), vertical restrictions (full-lateral/full-vertical), and skipped waypoints (skips). In addition, we graphed altitudes and their frequencies of occurrence for altitude restrictions. Full-lateral compliance was generally greater than Full-lateral/full-vertical, but the delta between the rates was not always consistent. Full-lateral/full-vertical usage medians of the 2016 procedures ranged from 0 in KDEN (Denver) to 21 in KMEM (Memphis). Waypoint skips ranged from 0 to nearly 100 for specific waypoints. Altitudes restrictions were sometimes missed by systemic amounts in 1000 ft. increments from the restriction, creating multi-modal distributions. Other times, altitude misses looked to be more normally distributed around the restriction. This work is a preliminary investigation into the objective performance of instrument procedures and provides a framework to track how procedural concepts and design intervention function. In addition, this tool may aid in providing acceptability metrics as well as risk assessment information.

Dynamic performance of an aero-assist spacecraft - AFE

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chang, Ho-Pen; French, Raymond A.

1992-01-01

Dynamic performance of the Aero-assist Flight Experiment (AFE) spacecraft was investigated using a high-fidelity 6-DOF simulation model. Baseline guidance logic, control logic, and a strapdown navigation system to be used on the AFE spacecraft are also modeled in the 6-DOF simulation. During the AFE mission, uncertainties in the environment and the spacecraft are described by an error space which includes both correlated and uncorrelated error sources. The principal error sources modeled in this study include navigation errors, initial state vector errors, atmospheric variations, aerodynamic uncertainties, center-of-gravity off-sets, and weight uncertainties. The impact of the perturbations on the spacecraft performance is investigated using Monte Carlo repetitive statistical techniques. During the Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) deorbit phase, a target flight path angle of -4.76 deg at entry interface (EI) offers very high probability of avoiding SRM casing skip-out from the atmosphere. Generally speaking, the baseline designs of the guidance, navigation, and control systems satisfy most of the science and mission requirements.

78 FR 68077 - Navigation Safety Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-13

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2013-0194] Navigation Safety Advisory.... SUMMARY: The Navigation Safety Advisory Council (NAVSAC) will meet December 3-4, 2013, in Portsmouth... Rules of the Road; navigation regulations and equipment; routing measures; marine information; diving...

78 FR 18615 - Navigation Safety Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-27

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2013-0194] Navigation Safety Advisory.... SUMMARY: The Navigation Safety Advisory Council (NAVSAC) will meet April 10-11, 2013, in Arlington... Rules of the Road; navigation regulations and equipment; routing measures; marine information; diving...

Patient Navigation from the Paired Perspectives of Cancer Patients and Navigators: A Qualitative Analysis

PubMed Central

Yosha, Amanat M.; Carroll, Jennifer K.; Hendren, Samantha; Salamone, Charcy M.; Sanders, Mechelle; Fiscella, Kevin; Epstein, Ronald M.

2011-01-01

Objective Patient navigation for cancer care assesses and alleviates barriers to health care services. We examined paired perspectives of cancer patients and their navigators to examine the process of patient navigation. We explored the strengths, limitations, and our own lessons learned about adopting the novel methodology of multiperspective analysis. Methods As part of a larger RCT, patients and navigators were interviewed separately. We reviewed interviews with 18 patient-navigator dyads. Dyad summaries were created that explicitly incorporated both patient and navigator perspectives. Emerging themes and verbatim quotations were reflected in the summaries. Results Paired perspectives were valuable in identifying struggles that arose during navigation. These were represented as imbalanced investment and relational amelioration. Patients and navigators had general consensus about important patient needs for cancer care, but characterized these needs differently. Conclusion Our experience with multiperspective analysis revealed a methodology that delivers novel relational findings, but is best conducted de novo rather than as part of a larger study. Practice Implications Multiperspective analysis should be more widely adopted with clear aims and analytic strategy that strengthen the ability to reveal relational dynamics. Navigation training programs should anticipate navigator struggles and provide navigators with tools to manage them. PMID:21255958

Navigation Lock and Dam Inspection and Emergency Repairs Workshop Summary

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

Inspection and Emergency Repairs Workshop Summary John E. Hite, Jr., James E. Clausner, and Dinah N. McComas, editors Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory...Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory hosted a “Navigation Lock and Dam Inspection and Emergency Repairs...applications ..............................................................................12 Current inspection policies for hydraulic steel structures

75 FR 18776 - Regulated Navigation Area; Galveston Channel, TX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-13

... that the proposed regulated navigation area covers a small area and vessels are allowed to travel...-AA11 Regulated Navigation Area; Galveston Channel, TX AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard proposes to establish a regulated navigation area across the...

75 FR 1799 - Terminate Long Range Aids to Navigation (Loran-C) Signal

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-13

... to Navigation (Loran-C) Signal AGENCY: U.S. Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice; correction. SUMMARY... 998). The document announced termination of the Long Range Aids to Navigation (Loran-C) Signal...

77 FR 62437 - Regulated Navigation Area; Columbus Day Weekend, Biscayne Bay, Miami, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-15

...-AA11 Regulated Navigation Area; Columbus Day Weekend, Biscayne Bay, Miami, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is amending the Columbus Day weekend regulated navigation area on Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida. The amended regulated navigation area alters the boundaries of...

75 FR 29652 - Amendment of Area Navigation Route Q-15; California

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-27

...-0028; Airspace Docket No. 10-AWP-1] Amendment of Area Navigation Route Q-15; California AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action amends Area Navigation Route Q... Register a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend Area Navigation Route Q- 15 in California (75 FR...

78 FR 19277 - Navigation Safety Advisory Council; Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-29

... Safety Advisory Council; Meeting AGENCY: United States Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of Federal Advisory Committee meeting: correction. SUMMARY: The Navigation Safety Advisory Council (NAVSAC) will meet..., groundings; Inland and International Rules of the Road; navigation regulations and equipment; routing...

[The validity of the sentinel node concept in gastrointestinal cancers].

PubMed

Kitagawa, Y; Fujii, H; Mukai, M; Ando, N; Kubota, T; Ikeda, T; Ohgami, M; Watanabe, M; Otani, Y; Ozawa, S; Hasegawa, H; Furukawa, T; Nakahara, T; Kubo, A; Kumai, K; Kitajima, M

2000-03-01

Although the sentinel node concept has been validated and clinically applied to breast cancer and malignant melanoma, its clinical significance in other solid tumors has not been thoroughly investigated. With regard to gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in particular, our surgeons have been cautious because of the high frequency of skip metastasis and the complicated lymphatic system in the GI tract. We would like to emphasize that so-called skip metastasis has been defined according to anatomic classification of regional lymph nodes and that the lymphatic drainage route must be patient or lesion specific. To test the validity and feasibility of this concept in GI cancers, we have established a radio-guided intraoperative sentinel node navigation system using preoperative endoscopic submucosal injection of radioactive tracer followed by intra-operative gamma-probing. In 131 patients with GI cancers (esophagus: 22, stomach: 71, colorectum: 38), the detection rate of sentinel nades was 91% and overall diagnostic accuracy of lymph node metastasis by sentinel node status was 97%. Initial results suggest further investigation of this procedure as an accurate staging and a minimally invasive approach to early GI cancers.

System-Level Experimentation: Executive Summary and Annotated Brief

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-01

both friendlies and adversaries – to define their own capabilities, unfettered by doctrinal or cultural limitations and bounded only by the laws of...Gen Eric Nelson, USAF (Ret) Independent Consultant (Systems, Software) Dr. Brad Parkinson Stanford University (GPS, Sensors, Systems) Mr. Skip Saunders...RCO* – rapid fielding for high priority needs SLE is focused on understanding the future - unknown needs A8’ s Future Game – analysis of future

Department of Transportation Radionavigation Action Plan Summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-04-01

The first issue by the Department of Transportation (DOT) of its Radionavigation Action Plan Summary is presented herein. The DOT Radionavigation Action Plan Summary describes major DOT activities and decisions relating to navigation through 1985. Th...

Cassini-Huygens Maneuver Experience: Ending the Prime Mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goodson, Troy D.; Ballard, Christopher G.; Gist, Emily M.; Hahn, Yungsun; Stumpf, Paul W.; Wagner, Sean V.; Williams, Powtawche N.

2008-01-01

The Cassini-Huygens spacecraft was launched in 1997 on a mission to observe Saturn and its many moons. After a seven-year cruise, it entered a Saturnian orbit for a four-year, prime mission. This paper highlights significant maneuver activities performed during the last year of the prime mission. Specifically, results of 42 recent maneuvers are presented. Many maneuvers have been skipped, saving fuel and flight team effort. The system has performed more accurately than the pre-launch expectations and requirements. This is in large part why the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft has been navigated with tremendous success during the prime mission.

75 FR 39632 - Regulated Navigation Area; Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, Harvey...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-12

..., Algiers Canal, New Orleans, LA; Correction ACTION: Interim rule; Correction. SUMMARY: In the Federal... Area; Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, Harvey Canal, Algiers Canal, New Orleans, LA into the Code of Federal Regulations. That publication contained an error in the DATES section...

76 FR 50667 - Regulated Navigation Area; Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, NH

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-16

... provide for the safety of life on the navigable waters during ongoing ship construction. DATES: This rule.... ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a regulated navigation area on the Piscataqua River near Portsmouth, NH. This temporary final rule places speed restrictions on all vessels...

75 FR 49408 - Navigation and Navigable Waters; Technical, Organizational, and Conforming Amendments, Bridges

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-13

... Conforming Amendments, Bridges AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This rule makes non... technical corrections to Coast Guard bridge and navigable waters regulations. This rule will have no... announces or gathers public opinion or other information regarding bridge matters, nor will it change the...

Lymphatic mapping with fluorescence navigation using indocyanine green and axillary surgery in patients with primary breast cancer.

PubMed

Takeuchi, Megumi; Sugie, Tomoharu; Abdelazeem, Kassim; Kato, Hironori; Shinkura, Nobuhiko; Takada, Masahiro; Yamashiro, Hiroyasu; Ueno, Takayuki; Toi, Masakazu

2012-01-01

The indocyanine green fluorescence (ICGf) navigation method provides real-time lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) visualization, which enables the removal of SLNs and their associated lymphatic networks. In this study, we investigated the features of the drainage pathways detected with the ICGf navigation system and the order of metastasis in axillary nodes. From April 2008 to February 2010, 145 patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer underwent SLN surgery with ICGf navigation. The video-recorded data from 79 patients were used for lymphatic mapping analysis. We analyzed 145 patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer who underwent SLN surgery with the ICGf navigation system. Fluorescence-positive SLNs were identified in 144 (99%) of 145 patients. Both single and multiple routes to the axilla were identified in 47% of cases using video-recorded lymphatic mapping data. An internal mammary route was detected in 6% of the cases. Skip metastasis to the second or third SLNs was observed in 6 of the 28 node-positive patients. We also examined the strategy of axillary surgery using the ICGf navigation system. We found that, based on the features of nodal involvement, 4-node resection could provide precise information on the nodal status. The ICGf navigation system may provide a different lymphatic mapping result than computed tomography lymphography in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients. Furthermore, it enables the identification of lymph nodes that do not accumulate indocyanine green or dye adjacent to the SLNs in the sequence of drainage. Knowledge of the order of nodal metastasis as revealed by the ICGf system may help to personalize the surgical treatment of axilla in SLN-positive cases, although additional studies are required. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Utilization of two web-based continuing education courses evaluated by Markov chain model.

PubMed

Tian, Hao; Lin, Jin-Mann S; Reeves, William C

2012-01-01

To evaluate the web structure of two web-based continuing education courses, identify problems and assess the effects of web site modifications. Markov chain models were built from 2008 web usage data to evaluate the courses' web structure and navigation patterns. The web site was then modified to resolve identified design issues and the improvement in user activity over the subsequent 12 months was quantitatively evaluated. Web navigation paths were collected between 2008 and 2010. The probability of navigating from one web page to another was analyzed. The continuing education courses' sequential structure design was clearly reflected in the resulting actual web usage models, and none of the skip transitions provided was heavily used. The web navigation patterns of the two different continuing education courses were similar. Two possible design flaws were identified and fixed in only one of the two courses. Over the following 12 months, the drop-out rate in the modified course significantly decreased from 41% to 35%, but remained unchanged in the unmodified course. The web improvement effects were further verified via a second-order Markov chain model. The results imply that differences in web content have less impact than web structure design on how learners navigate through continuing education courses. Evaluation of user navigation can help identify web design flaws and guide modifications. This study showed that Markov chain models provide a valuable tool to evaluate web-based education courses. Both the results and techniques in this study would be very useful for public health education and research specialists.

Utilization of two web-based continuing education courses evaluated by Markov chain model

PubMed Central

Lin, Jin-Mann S; Reeves, William C

2011-01-01

Objectives To evaluate the web structure of two web-based continuing education courses, identify problems and assess the effects of web site modifications. Design Markov chain models were built from 2008 web usage data to evaluate the courses' web structure and navigation patterns. The web site was then modified to resolve identified design issues and the improvement in user activity over the subsequent 12 months was quantitatively evaluated. Measurements Web navigation paths were collected between 2008 and 2010. The probability of navigating from one web page to another was analyzed. Results The continuing education courses' sequential structure design was clearly reflected in the resulting actual web usage models, and none of the skip transitions provided was heavily used. The web navigation patterns of the two different continuing education courses were similar. Two possible design flaws were identified and fixed in only one of the two courses. Over the following 12 months, the drop-out rate in the modified course significantly decreased from 41% to 35%, but remained unchanged in the unmodified course. The web improvement effects were further verified via a second-order Markov chain model. Conclusions The results imply that differences in web content have less impact than web structure design on how learners navigate through continuing education courses. Evaluation of user navigation can help identify web design flaws and guide modifications. This study showed that Markov chain models provide a valuable tool to evaluate web-based education courses. Both the results and techniques in this study would be very useful for public health education and research specialists. PMID:21976027

75 FR 16336 - Establishment of Low Altitude Area Navigation Route (T-284); Houston, TX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... (T-284); Houston, TX AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action establishes a low altitude area navigation (RNAV) route, designated T-284, in the Houston... Register a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to establish low altitude area navigation route T-284 (74...

78 FR 71495 - Regulated Navigation Area; Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Piscataqua River, Portsmouth, NH

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... rule is necessary to provide for the safety of life on the navigable waters during ongoing dive...: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a regulated navigation area (RNA) on the Piscataqua River near Portsmouth, NH. This temporary final rule places speed...

75 FR 998 - Terminate Long Range Aids to Navigation (Loran-C) Signal

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-07

... to Navigation (Loran-C) Signal AGENCY: U.S. Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: On October 28... Act allows for the termination of the Loran-C system subject to the Coast Guard certifying that termination of the Loran-C signal will not adversely impact the safety of maritime navigation and the...

Melanocortin-1 receptor, skin cancer and phenotypic characteristics (M-SKIP) project: study design and methods for pooling results of genetic epidemiological studies

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background For complex diseases like cancer, pooled-analysis of individual data represents a powerful tool to investigate the joint contribution of genetic, phenotypic and environmental factors to the development of a disease. Pooled-analysis of epidemiological studies has many advantages over meta-analysis, and preliminary results may be obtained faster and with lower costs than with prospective consortia. Design and methods Based on our experience with the study design of the Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene, SKin cancer and Phenotypic characteristics (M-SKIP) project, we describe the most important steps in planning and conducting a pooled-analysis of genetic epidemiological studies. We then present the statistical analysis plan that we are going to apply, giving particular attention to methods of analysis recently proposed to account for between-study heterogeneity and to explore the joint contribution of genetic, phenotypic and environmental factors in the development of a disease. Within the M-SKIP project, data on 10,959 skin cancer cases and 14,785 controls from 31 international investigators were checked for quality and recoded for standardization. We first proposed to fit the aggregated data with random-effects logistic regression models. However, for the M-SKIP project, a two-stage analysis will be preferred to overcome the problem regarding the availability of different study covariates. The joint contribution of MC1R variants and phenotypic characteristics to skin cancer development will be studied via logic regression modeling. Discussion Methodological guidelines to correctly design and conduct pooled-analyses are needed to facilitate application of such methods, thus providing a better summary of the actual findings on specific fields. PMID:22862891

SoS Navigator 2.0: A Context-Based Approach to System-of-Systems Challenges

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

in a Postindustrial Age. MIT Press, 1984. [ Kolb 1984] Kolb , David A. Experiential Learning : Experience as the Source of Learning and Develop- ment...terms of experiential learning , and the work of Rosen [Rosen 1991] in terms of the relational approach to understanding anticipa- tive systems. Our...Supporting Techniques and Tools 17  3.2  The Learning /Transformation Cycle 19  3.3  Summary of SoS Navigator Processes and Techniques 20  4  Case Summaries 22

75 FR 76652 - Proposed Establishment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; Western United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to establish six High Altitude Area Navigation (RNAV) routes... Francisco/Oakland, CA, Terminal area. High Altitude RNAV Routes are published in paragraph 2006 in FAA Order...

33 CFR 274.1 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... pest control program at all civil works projects. It also presents guidance for the preparation and submission of an annual pest control summary report. ... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PEST...

33 CFR 274.1 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... pest control program at all civil works projects. It also presents guidance for the preparation and submission of an annual pest control summary report. ... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PEST...

33 CFR 274.1 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... pest control program at all civil works projects. It also presents guidance for the preparation and submission of an annual pest control summary report. ... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PEST...

33 CFR 274.1 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... pest control program at all civil works projects. It also presents guidance for the preparation and submission of an annual pest control summary report. ... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PEST...

33 CFR 274.1 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... pest control program at all civil works projects. It also presents guidance for the preparation and submission of an annual pest control summary report. ... Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PEST...

Even-skipped+ interneurons are core components of a sensorimotor circuit that maintains left-right symmetric muscle contraction amplitude

PubMed Central

Heckscher, Ellie S.; Zarin, Aref Arzan; Faumont, Serge; Clark, Matthew Q.; Manning, Laurina; Fushiki, Akira; Schneider-Mizel, Casey M.; Fetter, Richard D.; Truman, James W.; Zwart, Maarten F.; Landgraf, Matthias; Cardona, Albert; Lockery, Shawn R.; Doe, Chris Q.

2015-01-01

Summary Bilaterally symmetric motor patterns—those in which left-right pairs of muscles contract synchronously and with equal amplitude (such as breathing, smiling, whisking, locomotion)—are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Yet surprisingly little is known about the underlying neural circuits. We performed a thermogenetic screen to identify neurons required for bilaterally symmetric locomotion in Drosophila larvae, and identified the evolutionarily-conserved Even-skipped+ interneurons (Eve/Evx). Activation or ablation of Eve+ interneurons disrupted bilaterally symmetric muscle contraction amplitude, without affecting the timing of motor output. Eve+ interneurons are not rhythmically active, and thus function independently of the locomotor CPG. GCaMP6 calcium imaging of Eve+ interneurons in freely-moving larvae showed left-right asymmetric activation that correlated with larval behavior. TEM reconstruction of Eve+ interneuron inputs and outputs showed that the Eve+ interneurons are at the core of a sensorimotor circuit capable of detecting and modifying body wall muscle contraction. PMID:26439528

75 FR 76648 - Proposed Establishment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; Western United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

.... SUMMARY: This action proposes to establish seven High Altitude Area Navigation (RNAV) routes in the... Sacramento, CA. The High Altitude RNAV Routes are published in paragraph 2006 in FAA Order 7400.9U, Airspace...

Final report : oceanic surveillance and navigation analysis, FY 71.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-06-01

The report summarizes the oceanic surveillance and navigation analysis performed at Transportation Systems Center under PPA FA-04 for FY 71. Three major efforts are reviewed and discussed herein: summary of the North Atlantic Systems Planning Group c...

Aids to navigation service force mix 2000 project. Volume 2 : development and application of an aids to navigation service force mix decision support system : aid assignments and vessel summary reports

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-06-01

The Aids to Navigation (ATON) Service Force Mix (SFM) 2000 Project is documented in a Project Overview and three separately bound volumes. This is Volume II. The Project Overview describes the purpose, approach, analysis, and results of the ATON SFM ...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 121 - Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... latitudes, a review of navigation, flight planning, and applicable meteorology. (3) The methods for updating... Radar or Inertial Navigation System must submit a request for evaluation of the system to the Flight... operations 30 days prior to the start of evaluation flights. (b) The application must contain: (1) A summary...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 121 - Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... latitudes, a review of navigation, flight planning, and applicable meteorology. (3) The methods for updating... Radar or Inertial Navigation System must submit a request for evaluation of the system to the Flight... operations 30 days prior to the start of evaluation flights. (b) The application must contain: (1) A summary...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 121 - Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... latitudes, a review of navigation, flight planning, and applicable meteorology. (3) The methods for updating... Radar or Inertial Navigation System must submit a request for evaluation of the system to the Flight... operations 30 days prior to the start of evaluation flights. (b) The application must contain: (1) A summary...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 121 - Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... latitudes, a review of navigation, flight planning, and applicable meteorology. (3) The methods for updating... Radar or Inertial Navigation System must submit a request for evaluation of the system to the Flight... operations 30 days prior to the start of evaluation flights. (b) The application must contain: (1) A summary...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 121 - Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... latitudes, a review of navigation, flight planning, and applicable meteorology. (3) The methods for updating... Radar or Inertial Navigation System must submit a request for evaluation of the system to the Flight... operations 30 days prior to the start of evaluation flights. (b) The application must contain: (1) A summary...

77 FR 67568 - Regulated Navigation Area; East River, Flushing and Gowanus Bays, and Red Hook and Buttermilk...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-13

... necessitate that all mariners navigate at a safe speed within the RNA, as the barge and gantry crane and.... SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is temporarily establishing a regulated navigation area (RNA) comprising all... prohibit vessel traffic within the RNA to accommodate the load-out and transit of four gantry cranes that...

Navigation To and From a Page: Which Links Get Clicked From Where

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Use Google Analytics navigation summary data to find out what page users most frequently click your Contact Us link from (Previous Page Path), or which links on your homepage are popular or unpopular (Next Page Path).

Objective Assessment Method for RNAV STAR Adherence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Michael; Matthews, Bryan

2017-01-01

Flight crews and air traffic controllers have reported many safety concerns regarding area navigation standard terminal arrival routes (RNAV STARs). Specifically, optimized profile descents (OPDs). However, our information sources to quantify these issues are limited to subjective reporting and time consuming case-by-case investigations. This work is a preliminary study into the objective performance of instrument procedures and provides a framework to track procedural concepts and assess design specifications. We created a tool and analysis methods for gauging aircraft adherence as it relates to RNAV STARs. This information is vital for comprehensive understanding of how our air traffic behaves. In this study, we mined the performance of 24 major US airports over the preceding three years. Overlaying 4D radar track data onto RNAV STAR routes provided a comparison between aircraft flight paths and the waypoint positions and altitude restrictions. NASA Ames Supercomputing resources were utilized to perform the data mining and processing. We assessed STARs by lateral transition path (full-lateral), vertical restrictions (full-lateral/full-vertical), and skipped waypoints (skips). In addition, we graphed frequencies of aircraft altitudes relative to the altitude restrictions. Full-lateral adherence was always greater than Full-lateral/ full- vertical, as it is a subset, but the difference between the rates was not consistent. Full-lateral/full-vertical adherence medians of the 2016 procedures ranged from 0% in KDEN (Denver) to 21% in KMEM (Memphis). Waypoint skips ranged from 0% to nearly 100% for specific waypoints. Altitudes restrictions were sometimes missed by systematic amounts in 1,000 ft. increments from the restriction, creating multi-modal distributions. Other times, altitude misses looked to be more normally distributed around the restriction. This tool may aid in providing acceptability metrics as well as risk assessment information.

RNAV STAR Procedural Adherence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matthews, Bryan L.; Stewart, Michael J.

2017-01-01

Flight crews and air traffic controllers have reported many safety concerns regarding area navigation standard terminal arrival routes (RNAV STARs). However, our information sources to quantify these issues are limited to subjective reporting and time consuming case-by-case investigations. This work is a preliminary study into the objective performance of instrument procedures and provides a framework to track procedural concepts and assess design functionality. We created a tool and analysis methods for gauging aircraft adherence as it relates to RNAV STARs. This information is vital for comprehensive understanding of how our air traffic behaves. In this exploratory archival study, we mined the performance of 24 major US airports over the preceding three years. Overlaying radar track data on top of RNAV STAR routes provided a comparison between aircraft flight paths and the waypoint positions and altitude restrictions. NASA Ames Supercomputing resources were utilized to perform the data mining and processing. We assessed STARs by lateral transition path (full-lateral), vertical restrictions (full-lateralfull-vertical), and skipped waypoints (skips). In addition, we graphed aircraft altitudes relative to the altitude restrictions and their occurrence rates. Full-lateral adherence was generally greater than Full-lateralfull-vertical, but the difference between the rates was not always consistent. Full-lateralfull-vertical adherence medians of the 2016 procedures ranged from 0 in KDEN (Denver) to 21 in KMEM (Memphis). Waypoint skips ranged from 0 to nearly 100 for specific waypoints. Altitudes restrictions were sometimes missed by systematic amounts in 1000 ft. increments from the restriction, creating multi-modal distributions. Other times, altitude misses looked to be more normally distributed around the restriction. This tool may aid in providing acceptability metrics as well as risk assessment information.

Orion Entry Handling Qualities Assessments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bihari, B.; Tiggers, M.; Strahan, A.; Gonzalez, R.; Sullivan, K.; Stephens, J. P.; Hart, J.; Law, H., III; Bilimoria, K.; Bailey, R.

2011-01-01

The Orion Command Module (CM) is a capsule designed to bring crew back from the International Space Station (ISS), the moon and beyond. The atmospheric entry portion of the flight is deigned to be flown in autopilot mode for nominal situations. However, there exists the possibility for the crew to take over manual control in off-nominal situations. In these instances, the spacecraft must meet specific handling qualities criteria. To address these criteria two separate assessments of the Orion CM s entry Handling Qualities (HQ) were conducted at NASA s Johnson Space Center (JSC) using the Cooper-Harper scale (Cooper & Harper, 1969). These assessments were conducted in the summers of 2008 and 2010 using the Advanced NASA Technology Architecture for Exploration Studies (ANTARES) six degree of freedom, high fidelity Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GN&C) simulation. This paper will address the specifics of the handling qualities criteria, the vehicle configuration, the scenarios flown, the simulation background and setup, crew interfaces and displays, piloting techniques, ratings and crew comments, pre- and post-fight briefings, lessons learned and changes made to improve the overall system performance. The data collection tools, methods, data reduction and output reports will also be discussed. The objective of the 2008 entry HQ assessment was to evaluate the handling qualities of the CM during a lunar skip return. A lunar skip entry case was selected because it was considered the most demanding of all bank control scenarios. Even though skip entry is not planned to be flown manually, it was hypothesized that if a pilot could fly the harder skip entry case, then they could also fly a simpler loads managed or ballistic (constant bank rate command) entry scenario. In addition, with the evaluation set-up of multiple tasks within the entry case, handling qualities ratings collected in the evaluation could be used to assess other scenarios such as the constant bank angle maintenance case. The 2008 entry assessment was divided into two sections (see Figure 1). Entry I was the first, high speed portion of a lunar return and Entry II was the second, lower speed portion of a lunar return, which is similar (but not identical) to a typical ISS return.

Performance enhancing water skipping: successive free surface impacts of elastic spheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurd, Randy; Truscott, Tadd; Belden, Jesse

2014-11-01

From naval gunners skipping cannonballs to children skipping stones, physicists have long been enamored with the repeated ricochet of objects on the water surface. Elastic spheres, such as the toy Waboba ball, make water skipping more accessible to the masses by expanding the range of impact parameters over which objects can be skipped. For example, it is not difficult to achieve more than twenty skips with such spheres, where skipping a stone twenty times is very difficult. In this talk we discuss the dynamics of water skipping elastic spheres over several successive skips. High-speed video captured using a unique experimental setup reveals how dynamics change with each skip as a result of lost kinetic energy. We place these observations in the context of previous work on single oblique impacts to identify material vibration modes that are excited during ricochet. The material modes excited with each successive impact are seen to decay from high-energy modes to low energy modes until water entry finally occurs. A model for estimating skipping outcome from initial conditions is proposed.

The controllability of the aeroassist flight experiment atmospheric skip trajectory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, R.

1989-01-01

The Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) will be the first vehicle to simulate a return from geosynchronous orbit, deplete energy during an aerobraking maneuver, and navigate back out of the atmosphere to a low earth orbit It will gather scientific data necessary for future Aeroasisted Orbitl Transfer Vehicles (AOTV's). Critical to mission success is the ability of the atmospheric guidance to accurately attain a targeted post-aeropass orbital apogee while nulling inclination errors and compensating for dispersions in state, aerodynamic, and atmospheric parameters. In typing to satisfy mission constraints, atmospheric entry-interface (EI) conditions, guidance gains, and trajectory. The results of the investigation are presented; emphasizing the adverse effects of dispersed atmospheres on trajectory controllability.

Flight test results of the Strapdown hexad Inertial Reference Unit (SIRU). Volume 1: Flight test summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hruby, R. J.; Bjorkman, W. S.

1977-01-01

Flight test results of the strapdown inertial reference unit (SIRU) navigation system are presented. The fault-tolerant SIRU navigation system features a redundant inertial sensor unit and dual computers. System software provides for detection and isolation of inertial sensor failures and continued operation in the event of failures. Flight test results include assessments of the system's navigational performance and fault tolerance.

Mariner Mars 1971 optical navigation demonstration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Born, G. H.; Duxbury, T. C.; Breckenridge, W. G.; Acton, C. H.; Mohan, S.; Jerath, N.; Ohtakay, H.

1974-01-01

The feasibility of using a combination of spacecraft-based optical data and earth-based Doppler data to perform near-real-time approach navigation was demonstrated by the Mariner Mars 71 Project. The important findings, conclusions, and recommendations are documented. A summary along with publications and papers giving additional details on the objectives of the demonstration are provided. Instrument calibration and performance as well as navigation and science results are reported.

Skipping of Chinese characters does not rely on word-based processing.

PubMed

Lin, Nan; Angele, Bernhard; Hua, Huimin; Shen, Wei; Zhou, Junyi; Li, Xingshan

2018-02-01

Previous eye-movement studies have indicated that people tend to skip extremely high-frequency words in sentence reading, such as "the" in English and "/de" in Chinese. Two alternative hypotheses have been proposed to explain how this frequent skipping happens in Chinese reading: one assumes that skipping happens when the preview has been fully identified at the word level (word-based skipping); the other assumes that skipping happens whenever the preview character is easy to identify regardless of whether lexical processing has been completed or not (character-based skipping). Using the gaze-contingent display change paradigm, we examined the two hypotheses by substituting the preview of the third character of a four-character Chinese word with the high-frequency Chinese character "/de", which should disrupt the ongoing word-level processing. The character-based skipping hypothesis predicts that this manipulation will enhance the skipping probability of the target character (i.e., the third character of the target word), because the character "/de" has much higher character frequency than the original character. The word-based skipping hypothesis instead predicts a reduction of the skipping probability of the target character because the presence of the character "/de" is lexically infelicitous at word level. The results supported the character-based skipping hypothesis, indicating that in Chinese reading the decision of skipping a character can be made before integrating it into a word.

Inertial Navigation System Standardized Software Development. Volume 1. Introduction and Summary

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

the Loran receiver, the Tacan receiver, the Omega receiver, the satelite based instrumentation, the multimode radar, the star tracker and the visual...accelerometer scale factor, and the barometric altimeter bias. The accuracy (1o values) of typical navigation-aid measurements (other than satelite derived

77 FR 37305 - Navigation and Navigable Waters; Technical, Organizational, and Conforming Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-21

...: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This rule makes non-substantive changes throughout title... substantive effect on the regulated public. These changes are provided to coincide with the annual... comment rulemaking requirements because these changes involve rules of agency organization, procedure, or...

77 FR 28825 - Inland Waterways Navigation Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-16

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 162 [Docket No. USCG-2011-1086] RIN 1625-AB84 Inland Waterways Navigation Regulations AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking; Correction of Preamble. SUMMARY: This document makes a correction to the preamble of the Notice...

Online evaluation programs: benefits and limitations.

PubMed

Burhansstipanov, Linda; Clark, Richard E; Watanabe-Galloway, Shinobu; Petereit, Daniel G; Eschiti, Valerie; Krebs, Linda U; Pingatore, Noel L

2012-04-01

Patient navigation programs are increasing throughout the USA, yet some evaluation measures are too vague to determine what and how navigation functions. Through collaborative efforts an online evaluation program was developed. The goal of this evaluation program is to make data entry accurate, simple, and efficient. This comprehensive program includes major components on staff, mentoring, committees, partnerships, grants/studies, products, dissemination, patient navigation, and reports. Pull down menus, radio buttons, and check boxes are incorporated whenever possible. Although the program has limitations, the benefits of having access to current, up-to-date program data 24/7 are worth overcoming the challenges. Of major benefit is the ability of the staff to tailor summary reports to provide anonymous feedback in a timely manner to community partners and participants. The tailored data are useful for the partners to generate summaries for inclusion in new grant applications.

Creating a Patient Navigation Model to Address Cervical Cancer Disparities in a Rural Hispanic Farmworker Community

PubMed Central

Wells, Kristen J.; Rivera, Maria I.; Proctor, Sara K.; Arroyo, Gloria; Bynum, Shalanda A.; Quinn, Gwendolyn P.; Luque, John S.; Rivera, Marlene; Martinez-Tyson, Dinorah; Meade, Cathy D.

2013-01-01

Summary This report describes the implementation of a pilot patient navigation (PN) program created to address cervical cancer disparities in a predominantly Hispanic agricultural community. Since November 2009, a patient navigator has provided services to patients of Catholic Mobile Medical Services (CMMS). The PN program has resulted in the need for additional clinic sessions to accommodate the demand for preventive care at CMMS. PMID:23698685

75 FR 47713 - Regulated Navigation Area; Galveston Channel, TX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-09

.... SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a regulated navigation area (RNA) across the entire width of the Galveston Channel in the vicinity of Sector Field Office (SFO) Galveston, Texas. This RNA will require... Port Houston-Galveston or a designated representative. This RNA is needed to protect the Coast Guard...

76 FR 31831 - Navigation and Navigable Waters; Technical, Organizational, and Conforming Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

..., DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This rule makes non-substantive changes throughout Title 33 of the... effect on the regulated public. These changes are provided to coincide with the annual recodification of... changes involve rules of agency organization, procedure, or practice. In addition, the Coast Guard finds...

Water Bouncing Balls: how material stiffness affects water entry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Truscott, Tadd

2014-03-01

It is well known that one can skip a stone across the water surface, but less well known that a ball can also be skipped on water. Even though 17th century ship gunners were aware that cannonballs could be skipped on the water surface, they did not know that using elastic spheres rather than rigid ones could greatly improve skipping performance (yet would have made for more peaceful volleys). The water bouncing ball (Waboba®) is an elastic ball used in a game of aquatic keep away in which players pass the ball by skipping it along the water surface. The ball skips easily along the surface creating a sense that breaking the world record for number of skips could easily be achieved (51 rock skips Russell Byers 2007). We investigate the physics of skipping elastic balls to elucidate the mechanisms by which they bounce off of the water. High-speed video reveals that, upon impact with the water, the balls create a cavity and deform significantly due to the extreme elasticity; the flattened spheres resemble skipping stones. With an increased wetted surface area, a large hydrodynamic lift force is generated causing the ball to launch back into the air. Unlike stone skipping, the elasticity of the ball plays an important roll in determining the success of the skip. Through experimentation, we demonstrate that the deformation timescale during impact must be longer than the collision time in order to achieve a successful skip. Further, several material deformation modes can be excited upon free surface impact. The effect of impact velocity and angle on the two governing timescales and material wave modes are also experimentally investigated. Scaling for the deformation and collision times are derived and used to establish criteria for skipping in terms of relevant physical parameters.

Potential Association between Breakfast Skipping and Concomitant Late-Night-Dinner Eating with Metabolic Syndrome and Proteinuria in the Japanese Population.

PubMed

Kutsuma, Ayano; Nakajima, Kei; Suwa, Kaname

2014-01-01

Skipping breakfast is considered to be an unhealthy eating habit linked to predispositions to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Because eating dinner late at night can elicit subsequent breakfast skipping, we investigated if skipping breakfast concomitant with late-night-dinner eating (LNDE) was associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and proteinuria in the general Japanese population. We examined self-reported habitual breakfast skipping and LNDE, MetS (modified ATP-III criteria), and proteinuria in a cross-sectional study of 60,800 Japanese adults aged 20-75 years. A total of 14,068 subjects (23.1%) skipped breakfast, of whom approximately half (52.8%) skipped breakfast alone (without LNDE). The percentages of subjects who skipped breakfast showed a J-shaped relationship with body mass index (BMI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that skipping breakfast concomitant with LNDE (n = 6,645) was significantly associated with MetS and proteinuria, even after adjusting for relevant confounders (odds ratio (95% CI), 1.17 (1.08-1.28), P = 0.0003, and 1.37 (1.24-1.52), P < 0.0001, resp.). Skipping breakfast alone and LNDE alone were not associated with MetS and proteinuria, respectively. In conclusion, habitual breakfast skipping concomitant with LNDE may represent poorer eating behavior than skipping breakfast alone, associated with MetS, asymptomatic proteinuria, obesity, and low body weight in the general Japanese population.

Reading skill and word skipping: Implications for visual and linguistic accounts of word skipping.

PubMed

Eskenazi, Michael A; Folk, Jocelyn R

2015-11-01

We investigated whether high-skill readers skip more words than low-skill readers as a result of parafoveal processing differences based on reading skill. We manipulated foveal load and word length, two variables that strongly influence word skipping, and measured reading skill using the Nelson-Denny Reading Test. We found that reading skill did not influence the probability of skipping five-letter words, but low-skill readers were less likely to skip three-letter words when foveal load was high. Thus, reading skill is likely to influence word skipping when the amount of information in the parafovea falls within the word identification span. We interpret the data in the context of visual-based (extended optimal viewing position model) and linguistic based (E-Z Reader model) accounts of word skipping. The models make different predictions about how and why a word and skipped; however, the data indicate that both models should take into account the fact that different factors influence skipping rates for high- and low-skill readers. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Skipped Stage Modeling and Testing of the CPAS Main Parachutes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Varela, Jose G.; Ray, Eric S.

2013-01-01

The Capsule Parachute Assembly System (CPAS) has undergone the transition from modeling a skipped stage event using a simulation that treats a cluster of parachutes as a single composite canopy to the capability of simulating each parachute individually. This capability along with data obtained from skipped stage flight tests has been crucial in modeling the behavior of a skipping canopy as well as the crowding effect on non-skipping ("lagging") neighbors. For the finite mass inflation of CPAS Main parachutes, the cluster is assumed to inflate nominally through the nominal fill time, at which point the skipping parachute continues inflating. This sub-phase modeling method was used to reconstruct three flight tests involving skipped stages. Best fit inflation parameters were determined for both the skipping and lagging canopies.

Correlates of meal skipping in young adults: a systematic review.

PubMed

Pendergast, Felicity J; Livingstone, Katherine M; Worsley, Anthony; McNaughton, Sarah A

2016-12-01

Meal skipping rates may be highest during young adulthood, a period of transition and development. Although these dietary behaviours may increase future risk of chronic disease, limited research has investigated correlates of meal skipping in young adults. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies that investigated correlates of meal skipping behaviours in young adults (aged 18-30 years). EBSCO host, MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Informit platforms were searched for eligible articles. Correlates were defined as any factor that was either associated with meal skipping or was self-reported by the participant to have an influence on meal skipping. Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, nested case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and longitudinal studies were eligible for inclusion. Three-hundred and thirty-one articles were identified, 141 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, resulting in 35 included studies. Multiple methodological and reporting weaknesses were apparent in the reviewed studies with 28 of the 35 studies scoring a negative rating in the risk of bias assessment. Meal skipping (any meal), defined as the skipping of any meal throughout the day, was reported in 12 studies with prevalence ranging between 5 and 83%. The remaining 25 studies identified specific meals and their skipping rates, with breakfast the most frequently skipped meal 14-88% compared to lunch 8-57% and dinner 4-57%. Lack of time was consistently reported as an important correlate of meal skipping, compared with correlates such as cost and weight control, while sex was the most commonly reported associated correlate. Breakfast skipping was more common among men while lunch or dinner skipping being more common among women. This review is the first to examine potential correlates of meal skipping in young adults. Future research would benefit from stronger design and reporting strategies, using a standardised approach for measuring and defining meal skipping.

Processing "the" in the Parafovea: Are Articles Skipped Automatically?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angele, Bernhard; Rayner, Keith

2013-01-01

One of the words that readers of English skip most often is the definite article "the". Most accounts of reading assume that in order for a reader to skip a word, it must have received some lexical processing. The definite article is skipped so regularly, however, that the oculomotor system might have learned to skip the letter string…

Social Inequalities in Young Children’s Meal Skipping Behaviors: The Generation R Study

PubMed Central

Wijtzes, Anne I.; Jansen, Wilma; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Franco, Oscar H.; Hofman, Albert; van Lenthe, Frank J.; Raat, Hein

2015-01-01

Background Regular meal consumption is considered an important aspect of a healthy diet. While ample evidence shows social inequalities in breakfast skipping among adolescents, little is known about social inequalities in breakfast skipping and skipping of other meals among young school-aged children. Such information is crucial in targeting interventions aimed to promote a healthy diet in children. Methods We examined data from 4704 ethnically diverse children participating in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Information on family socioeconomic position (SEP), ethnic background, and meal skipping behaviors was assessed by parent-reported questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of family SEP (educational level, household income, employment status, family composition) and ethnic background with meal skipping behaviors, using high SEP children and native Dutch children as reference groups. Results Meal skipping prevalence ranged from 3% (dinner) to 11% (lunch). The prevalence of meal skipping was higher among low SEP children and ethnic minority children. Maternal educational level was independently associated with breakfast skipping ([low maternal educational level] OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.24,3.94). Paternal educational level was independently associated with lunch skipping ([low paternal educational level] OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.06,2.20) and dinner skipping ([mid-high paternal educational level] OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.20,0.76). Household income was independently associated with breakfast skipping ([low income] OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.40,4.22) and dinner skipping ([low income] OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.22,4.91). In general, ethnic minority children were more likely to skip breakfast, lunch, and dinner compared with native Dutch children. Adjustment for family SEP attenuated the associations of ethnic minority background with meal skipping behaviors considerably. Conclusion Low SEP children and ethnic minority children are at an increased risk of breakfast, lunch, and dinner skipping compared with high SEP children and native Dutch children, respectively. Given these inequalities, interventions aimed to promote regular meal consumption, breakfast consumption in particular, should target children from low socioeconomic groups and ethnic minority children. More qualitative research to investigate the pathways underlying social inequalities in children’s meal skipping behaviors is warranted. PMID:26225757

Social Inequalities in Young Children's Meal Skipping Behaviors: The Generation R Study.

PubMed

Wijtzes, Anne I; Jansen, Wilma; Jaddoe, Vincent W V; Franco, Oscar H; Hofman, Albert; van Lenthe, Frank J; Raat, Hein

2015-01-01

Regular meal consumption is considered an important aspect of a healthy diet. While ample evidence shows social inequalities in breakfast skipping among adolescents, little is known about social inequalities in breakfast skipping and skipping of other meals among young school-aged children. Such information is crucial in targeting interventions aimed to promote a healthy diet in children. We examined data from 4704 ethnically diverse children participating in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Information on family socioeconomic position (SEP), ethnic background, and meal skipping behaviors was assessed by parent-reported questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of family SEP (educational level, household income, employment status, family composition) and ethnic background with meal skipping behaviors, using high SEP children and native Dutch children as reference groups. Meal skipping prevalence ranged from 3% (dinner) to 11% (lunch). The prevalence of meal skipping was higher among low SEP children and ethnic minority children. Maternal educational level was independently associated with breakfast skipping ([low maternal educational level] OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.24,3.94). Paternal educational level was independently associated with lunch skipping ([low paternal educational level] OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.06,2.20) and dinner skipping ([mid-high paternal educational level] OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.20,0.76). Household income was independently associated with breakfast skipping ([low income] OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.40,4.22) and dinner skipping ([low income] OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.22,4.91). In general, ethnic minority children were more likely to skip breakfast, lunch, and dinner compared with native Dutch children. Adjustment for family SEP attenuated the associations of ethnic minority background with meal skipping behaviors considerably. Low SEP children and ethnic minority children are at an increased risk of breakfast, lunch, and dinner skipping compared with high SEP children and native Dutch children, respectively. Given these inequalities, interventions aimed to promote regular meal consumption, breakfast consumption in particular, should target children from low socioeconomic groups and ethnic minority children. More qualitative research to investigate the pathways underlying social inequalities in children's meal skipping behaviors is warranted.

Potential Association between Breakfast Skipping and Concomitant Late-Night-Dinner Eating with Metabolic Syndrome and Proteinuria in the Japanese Population

PubMed Central

Kutsuma, Ayano; Suwa, Kaname

2014-01-01

Skipping breakfast is considered to be an unhealthy eating habit linked to predispositions to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Because eating dinner late at night can elicit subsequent breakfast skipping, we investigated if skipping breakfast concomitant with late-night-dinner eating (LNDE) was associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and proteinuria in the general Japanese population. We examined self-reported habitual breakfast skipping and LNDE, MetS (modified ATP-III criteria), and proteinuria in a cross-sectional study of 60,800 Japanese adults aged 20–75 years. A total of 14,068 subjects (23.1%) skipped breakfast, of whom approximately half (52.8%) skipped breakfast alone (without LNDE). The percentages of subjects who skipped breakfast showed a J-shaped relationship with body mass index (BMI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that skipping breakfast concomitant with LNDE (n = 6,645) was significantly associated with MetS and proteinuria, even after adjusting for relevant confounders (odds ratio (95% CI), 1.17 (1.08–1.28), P = 0.0003, and 1.37 (1.24–1.52), P < 0.0001, resp.). Skipping breakfast alone and LNDE alone were not associated with MetS and proteinuria, respectively. In conclusion, habitual breakfast skipping concomitant with LNDE may represent poorer eating behavior than skipping breakfast alone, associated with MetS, asymptomatic proteinuria, obesity, and low body weight in the general Japanese population. PMID:24982814

78 FR 59902 - Regulated Navigation Area; Special Buzzards Bay Vessel Regulation, Buzzards Bay, MA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 165 [Docket No. USCG-2011-0322] RIN 1625-AA11 Regulated Navigation Area; Special Buzzards Bay Vessel Regulation, Buzzards Bay, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of extension of comment period. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is extending the...

75 FR 47211 - Navigation and Navigable Waters; Technical, Organizational, and Conforming Amendments, Sector...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-05

... Puget Sound, WA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This rule makes non-substantive... technical corrections to reflect the renaming of Sector Seattle to Sector Puget Sound as part of the Coast... organizational structure. Sector Seattle has been disestablished and Sector Puget Sound has been established in...

33 CFR 51.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Records. 51.11 Section 51.11... REVIEW BOARD § 51.11 Records. (a) The record of the discharge review will include— (1) The application for review; (2) A summarized record of the testimony and a summary of evidence considered by the DRB...

33 CFR 51.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Records. 51.11 Section 51.11... REVIEW BOARD § 51.11 Records. (a) The record of the discharge review will include— (1) The application for review; (2) A summarized record of the testimony and a summary of evidence considered by the DRB...

33 CFR 51.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Records. 51.11 Section 51.11... REVIEW BOARD § 51.11 Records. (a) The record of the discharge review will include— (1) The application for review; (2) A summarized record of the testimony and a summary of evidence considered by the DRB...

76 FR 49301 - Regulated Navigation Area; Columbus Day Weekend, Biscayne Bay, Miami, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

... Instruction. This rule involves establishing an RNA, as described in paragraph 34(g) of the Instruction, from.... ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a permanent regulated navigation area (RNA) on Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida. The RNA will be enforced annually on the Saturday and Sunday of...

Relative navigation requirements for automatic rendezvous and capture systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kachmar, Peter M.; Polutchko, Robert J.; Chu, William; Montez, Moises

1991-01-01

This paper will discuss in detail the relative navigation system requirements and sensor trade-offs for Automatic Rendezvous and Capture. Rendezvous navigation filter development will be discussed in the context of navigation performance requirements for a 'Phase One' AR&C system capability. Navigation system architectures and the resulting relative navigation performance for both cooperative and uncooperative target vehicles will be assessed. Relative navigation performance using rendezvous radar, star tracker, radiometric, laser and GPS navigation sensors during appropriate phases of the trajectory will be presented. The effect of relative navigation performance on the Integrated AR&C system performance will be addressed. Linear covariance and deterministic simulation results will be used. Evaluation of relative navigation and IGN&C system performance for several representative relative approach profiles will be presented in order to demonstrate the full range of system capabilities. A summary of the sensor requirements and recommendations for AR&C system capabilities for several programs requiring AR&C will be presented.

Television viewing, computer game play and book reading during meals are predictors of meal skipping in a cross-sectional sample of 12-, 14- and 16-year-olds.

PubMed

Custers, Kathleen; Van den Bulck, Jan

2010-04-01

To examine whether television viewing, computer game playing or book reading during meals predicts meal skipping with the aim of watching television, playing computer games or reading books (media meal skipping). A cross-sectional study was conducted using a standardized self-administered questionnaire. Analyses were controlled for age, gender and BMI. Data were obtained from a random sample of adolescents in Flanders, Belgium. Seven hundred and ten participants aged 12, 14 and 16 years. Of the participants, 11.8 % skipped meals to watch television, 10.5 % skipped meals to play computer games and 8.2 % skipped meals to read books. Compared with those who did not use these media during meals, the risk of skipping meals in order to watch television was significantly higher for those children who watched television during meals (2.9 times higher in those who watched television during at least one meal a day). The risk of skipping meals for computer game playing was 9.5 times higher in those who played computer games weekly or more while eating, and the risk of meal skipping in order to read books was 22.9 times higher in those who read books during meals less than weekly. The more meals the respondents ate with the entire family, the less likely they were to skip meals to watch television. The use of media during meals predicts meal skipping for using that same medium. Family meals appear to be inversely related to meal skipping for television viewing.

Assessment of the feasibility of exon 45–55 multiexon skipping for duchenne muscular dystrophy

PubMed Central

van Vliet, Laura; de Winter, Christa L; van Deutekom, Judith CT; van Ommen, Gert-Jan B; Aartsma-Rus, Annemieke

2008-01-01

Background The specific skipping of an exon, induced by antisense oligonucleotides (AON) during splicing, has shown to be a promising therapeutic approach for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. As different mutations require skipping of different exons, this approach is mutation dependent. The skipping of an entire stretch of exons (e.g. exons 45 to 55) has recently been suggested as an approach applicable to larger groups of patients. However, this multiexon skipping approach is technically challenging. The levels of intended multiexon skips are typically low and highly variable, and may be dependent on the order of intron removal. We hypothesized that the splicing order might favor the induction of multiexon 45–55 skipping. Methods We here tested the feasibility of inducing multiexon 45–55 in control and patient muscle cell cultures using various AON cocktails. Results In all experiments, the exon 45–55 skip frequencies were minimal and comparable to those observed in untreated cells. Conclusion We conclude that current state of the art does not sufficiently support clinical development of multiexon skipping for DMD. PMID:19046429

Navigation by environmental geometry: the use of zebrafish as a model

PubMed Central

Lee, Sang Ah; Vallortigara, Giorgio; Flore, Michele; Spelke, Elizabeth S.; Sovrano, Valeria A.

2013-01-01

SUMMARY Sensitivity to environmental shape in spatial navigation has been found, at both behavioural and neural levels, in virtually every species tested, starting early in development. Moreover, evidence that genetic deletions can cause selective deficits in such navigation behaviours suggests a genetic basis to navigation by environmental geometry. Nevertheless, the geometric computations underlying navigation have not been specified in any species. The present study teases apart the geometric components within the traditionally used rectangular enclosure and finds that zebrafish selectively represent distance and directional relationships between extended boundary surfaces. Similar behavioural results in geometric navigation tasks with human children provide prima facie evidence for similar underlying cognitive computations and open new doors for probing the genetic foundations that give rise to these computations. PMID:23788708

77 FR 65254 - Amendment of Area Navigation Routes Q-42 and Q-480; PA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-26

.... SUMMARY: This action amends the legal descriptions of area navigation (RNAV) routes Q-42 and Q-480 by... this will enhance safety within the National Airspace System and does not change the alignment or... the legal descriptions of RNAV routes and does not change the dimensions or operating requirements of...

78 FR 40391 - Special Local Regulations; Dinghy Poker Run, Middle River; Baltimore County, Essex, MD

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-05

... the rule is to ensure safety of life on navigable waters of the United States during the Dinghy Poker...: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard proposes to establish special... River. These special local regulations are necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable...

75 FR 16370 - Regulated Navigation Areas, Safety Zones, Security Zones; Deepwater Ports in Boston Captain of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... rulemaking. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard proposes to establish new regulated navigation areas (RNAs) and safety... (COTP) Zone, off the coast of Gloucester, Massachusetts. The proposed RNAs and safety and security zones..., SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001. (4) Hand delivery: Same as mail address above, between 9 a.m. and 5 p...

75 FR 27638 - Regulated Navigation Area; U.S. Navy Submarines, Hood Canal, WA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

...: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a regulated navigation area (RNA) covering a... submarine is operating in that area and is being escorted by the Coast Guard. The RNA is necessary to help... public in general. The RNA will do so by requiring all persons and vessels located within the RNA to...

Maternal and best friends' influences on meal-skipping behaviours.

PubMed

Pearson, Natalie; Williams, Lauren; Crawford, David; Ball, Kylie

2012-09-01

Skipping meals is particularly common during adolescence and can have a detrimental effect on multiple aspects of adolescent health. Understanding the correlates of meal-skipping behaviours is important for the design of nutrition interventions. The present study examined maternal and best friends' influences on adolescent meal-skipping behaviours. Frequency of skipping breakfast, lunch and dinner was assessed using a Web-based survey completed by 3001 adolescent boys and girls from years 7 and 9 of secondary schools in Victoria, Australia. Perceived best friend and maternal meal skipping, modelling of healthy eating (eating healthy food, limiting junk food, eating fruit and vegetables) and weight watching were assessed. Best friend and maternal factors were differentially associated with meal-skipping behaviours. For example, boys and girls who perceived that their best friend often skipped meals were more likely to skip lunch (OR = 2·01, 95 % CI 1·33, 3·04 and OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·41, 2·65; P < 0·001). Boys and girls who perceived that their mother often skipped meals were more likely to skip breakfast (OR = 1·48, 95 % CI 1·01, 2·15; P < 0·05 and OR = 1·93, 95 % CI 1·42, 2·59; P < 0·001) and lunch (OR = 2·05, 95 % CI 1·35, 3·12 and OR = 2·02, 95 % CI 1·43, 2·86; P < 0·001). Educating adolescents on how to assess and interpret unhealthy eating behaviours that they observe from significant others may be one nutrition promotion strategy to reduce meal-skipping behaviour. The involvement of mothers may be particularly important in such efforts. Encouraging a peer subculture that promotes regular consumption of meals and educates adolescents on the detrimental impact of meal-skipping behaviour on health may also offer a promising nutrition promotion strategy.

Stability in skipping gaits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrada, Emanuel; Müller, Roy; Blickhan, Reinhard

2016-11-01

As an alternative to walking and running, humans are able to skip. However, adult humans avoid it. This fact seems to be related to the higher energetic costs associated with skipping. Still, children, some birds, lemurs and lizards use skipping gaits during daily locomotion. We combined experimental data on humans with numerical simulations to test whether stability and robustness motivate this choice. Parameters for modelling were obtained from 10 male subjects. They locomoted using unilateral skipping along a 12 m runway. We used a bipedal spring loaded inverted pendulum to model and to describe the dynamics of skipping. The subjects displayed higher peak ground reaction forces and leg stiffness in the first landing leg (trailing leg) compared to the second landing leg (leading leg). In numerical simulations, we found that skipping is stable across an amazing speed range from skipping on the spot to fast running speeds. Higher leg stiffness in the trailing leg permits longer strides at same system energy. However, this strategy is at the same time less robust to sudden drop perturbations than skipping with a stiffer leading leg. A slightly higher stiffness in the leading leg is most robust, but might be costlier.

Processing the in the parafovea: are articles skipped automatically?

PubMed

Angele, Bernhard; Rayner, Keith

2013-03-01

One of the words that readers of English skip most often is the definite article the. Most accounts of reading assume that in order for a reader to skip a word, it must have received some lexical processing. The definite article is skipped so regularly, however, that the oculomotor system might have learned to skip the letter string t-h-e automatically. We tested whether skipping of articles in English is sensitive to context information or whether it is truly automatic in the sense that any occurrence of the letter string the will trigger a skip. This was done using the gaze-contingent boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to provide readers with false parafoveal previews of the article the. All experimental sentences contained a short target verb, the preview of which could be correct (i.e., identical to the actual subsequent word in the sentence; e.g., ace), a nonword (tda), or an infelicitous article preview (the). Our results indicated that readers tended to skip the infelicitous the previews frequently, suggesting that, in many cases, they seemed to be unable to detect the syntactic anomaly in the preview and based their skipping decision solely on the orthographic properties of the article. However, there was some evidence that readers sometimes detected the anomaly, as they also showed increased skipping of the pretarget word in the the preview condition. (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

A protocol of rope skipping exercise for primary school children: A pilot test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Radzi, A. N. M.; Rambely, A. S.; Chellapan, K.

2014-06-01

This paper aims to investigate the methods and sample used in rope skipping as an exercise approach. A systematic literature review was approached in identifying skipping performance in the related researches. The methods were compared to determine the best methodological approach for the targeted skipping based research measure. A pilot test was performed among seven students below 12 years old. As the outcome of the review, a skipping protocol design has been proposed for 10 years old primary school students. The proposed protocol design is to be submitted to PPUKM Ethical Committee for approval prior to its implementation in investigation memory enhancement in relation to designed skipping activities.

The effect of high- and low-frequency previews and sentential fit on word skipping during reading

PubMed Central

Angele, Bernhard; Laishley, Abby; Rayner, Keith; Liversedge, Simon P.

2014-01-01

In a previous gaze-contingent boundary experiment, Angele and Rayner (2012) found that readers are likely to skip a word that appears to be the definite article the even when syntactic constraints do not allow for articles to occur in that position. In the present study, we investigated whether the word frequency of the preview of a three-letter target word influences a reader’s decision to fixate or skip that word. We found that the word frequency rather than the felicitousness (syntactic fit) of the preview affected how often the upcoming word was skipped. These results indicate that visual information about the upcoming word trumps information from the sentence context when it comes to making a skipping decision. Skipping parafoveal instances of the therefore may simply be an extreme case of skipping high-frequency words. PMID:24707791

The Relation between Breakfast Skipping and School Performance in Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boschloo, Annemarie; Ouwehand, Carolijn; Dekker, Sanne; Lee, Nikki; de Groot, Renate; Krabbendam, Lydia; Jolles, Jelle

2012-01-01

Breakfast skipping is common in adolescents, but research on the effects of breakfast skipping on school performance is scarce. This current cross-sectional survey study of 605 adolescents aged 11-18 years investigated whether adolescents who habitually skip breakfast have lower end-of-term grades than adolescents who eat breakfast daily.…

Is snack consumption associated with meal skipping in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN-IV study.

PubMed

Kelishadi, Roya; Mozafarian, Nafiseh; Qorbani, Mostafa; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Safiri, Saeid; Ardalan, Gelayol; Keikhah, Mojtaba; Rezaei, Fatemeh; Heshmat, Ramin

2017-06-01

The present inquiry set to assess the relationship between snack consumption and meal skipping in Iranian children and adolescents. Overall, 14,880 students, aged 6-18 years, were selected via multistage cluster sampling method from rural and urban areas of 30 provinces of Iran. A validated questionnaire of food behaviors including questions on snacks consumption and taking/skipping meals was completed. Consuming and skipping meals and their related factors were reported in both crude and adjusted models. Overall, 13,486 students with a mean age of 12.47 ± 3.36 years completed the study (90.6% participation rate). Among them, 32.08, 8.89, and 10.90% skipped breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. Compared to their counterpart groups, the frequency of meal skipping was higher in girls, urban inhabitants, and students in higher school grades (P < 0.05). Snack consumption was associated with an increased odds ratio of meal skipping in many types of snack groups. Meal skipping and snack consumption were frequent among Iranian children and adolescents. Evidence based interventions are proposed to improve the students' eating habits.

MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic Implications and Prognostic Values.

PubMed

Lee, Geun Dong; Lee, Seung Eun; Oh, Doo-Yi; Yu, Dan-Bi; Jeong, Hae Min; Kim, Jooseok; Hong, Sungyoul; Jung, Hun Soon; Oh, Ensel; Song, Ji-Young; Lee, Mi-Sook; Kim, Mingi; Jung, Kyungsoo; Kim, Jhingook; Shin, Young Kee; Choi, Yoon-La; Kim, Hyeong Ryul

2017-08-01

Response to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) inhibitors in NSCLC with mesenchymal-epithelial transition gene (MET) exon 14 skipping (METex14) has fueled molecular screening efforts and the search for optimal therapies. However, further work is needed to refine the clinicopathologic and prognostic implications of METex14 skipping. Among 795 East Asian patients who underwent a surgical procedure for NSCLC, we screened 45 patients with quintuple-negative (EGFR-negative/KRAS-negative/anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene [ALK]-negative/ROS1-negative/ret proto-oncogene [RET]-negative) lung adenocarcinomas by using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and found 17 patients (37.8%) with METex14 skipping. We also investigated the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting skipping junction in cells with METex14 skipping. The median age of the 17 patients was 73 years. The acinar subtype was predominant (52.9%), followed by the solid subtype (35.3%). MET immunohistochemistry demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 70.4% specificity. Multivariate analyses showed that patients with METex14 skipping had a higher recurrence rate than those with ALK fusion (versus METex14 skipping) (hazard ratio = 0.283, 95% confidence interval: 0.119-0.670) in stage I to IIIA disease; however, the differences in overall survival were not significant after adjustment for pathologic stage (p = 0.669). Meanwhile, siRNA decreased MET-driven signaling pathways in Hs746T cells, and combined treatment with siRNA and crizotinib inhibited cell proliferation in crizotinib-resistant H596 cells. The prevalence of METex14 skipping was quite high in East Asian patients without other driver mutations in lung adenocarcinomas. METex14 skipping was associated with old age, the acinar or solid histologic subtype, and high MET immunohistochemical expression. The prognosis of patients with METex14 skipping was similar to that of patients with major driver mutations. siRNA targeting the junction of METex14 skipping could inhibit MET-driven signaling pathways in cells with METex14 skipping. Copyright © 2017 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of Optical Artifacts in a Laser-Based Spacecraft Navigation Sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

LeCroy, Jerry E.; Howard, Richard T.; Hallmark, Dean S.

2007-01-01

Testing of the Advanced Video Guidance Sensor (AVGS) used for proximity operations navigation on the Orbital Express ASTRO spacecraft exposed several unanticipated imaging system artifacts and aberrations that required correction to meet critical navigation performance requirements. Mitigation actions are described for a number of system error sources, including lens aberration, optical train misalignment, laser speckle, target image defects, and detector nonlinearity/noise characteristics. Sensor test requirements and protocols are described, along with a summary of test results from sensor confidence tests and system performance testing.

Effects of Optical Artifacts in a Laser-Based Spacecraft Navigation Sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

LeCroy, Jerry E.; Hallmark, Dean S.; Howard, Richard T.

2007-01-01

Testing Of the Advanced Video Guidance Sensor (AVGS) used for proximity operations navigation on the Orbital Express ASTRO spacecraft exposed several unanticipated imaging system artifacts and aberrations that required correction, to meet critical navigation performance requirements. Mitigation actions are described for a number of system error sources, including lens aberration, optical train misalignment, laser speckle, target image defects, and detector nonlinearity/noise characteristics. Sensor test requirements and protocols are described, along with a summary ,of test results from sensor confidence tests and system performance testing.

Emerging genetic therapies to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy

PubMed Central

Nelson, Stanley F.; Crosbie, Rachelle H.; Miceli, M. Carrie; Spencer, Melissa J.

2010-01-01

Purpose of review Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscle degenerative disease caused by dystrophin mutations. The purpose of this review is to highlight two emerging therapies designed to repair the primary genetic defect, called `exon skipping' and `nonsense codon suppression'. Recent findings A drug, PTC124, was identified that suppresses nonsense codon translation termination. PTC124 can lead to restoration of some dystrophin expression in human Duchenne muscular dystrophy muscles with mutations resulting in premature stops. Two drugs developed for exon skipping, PRO051 and AVI-4658, result in the exclusion of exon 51 from mature mRNA. They can restore the translational reading frame to dystrophin transcripts from patients with a particular subset of dystrophin gene deletions and lead to some restoration of dystrophin expression in affected boys' muscle in vivo. Both approaches have concluded phase I trials with no serious adverse events. Summary These novel therapies that act to correct the primary genetic defect of dystrophin deficiency are among the first generation of therapies tailored to correct specific mutations in humans. Thus, they represent paradigm forming approaches to personalized medicine with the potential to lead to life changing treatment for those affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy. PMID:19745732

Children's Perceptions of Parental Attitude Affecting Breakfast Skipping in Primary Sixth-Grade Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheng, Tereza Sy; Tse, Lap Ah; Yu, Ignatius Tak-Sun; Griffiths, Sian

2008-01-01

Background: Breakfast skipping is an international public health concern. This study investigated the prevalence of breakfast skipping among primary sixth-grade students in Hong Kong and the impact of students' perceptions of parental attitudes on breakfast skipping. Methods: A total of 426 students aged 10-14 years in 4 local schools participated…

Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Young Women to Skipping and Jogging.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, T. Earl; And Others

1987-01-01

Nine 18- to 29-year-old females were studied while jogging and skipping at treadmill speeds of 4.0, 4.8, and 5.4 miles per hour. Comparison of metabolic demand, musculoskeletal stress, and perceived exertion indicated skipping imposed significantly greater metabolic demands and caused higher heart rates than jogging. Skipping was also rated more…

The attribution of success when using navigation aids

PubMed Central

Brown, Michael; Houghton, Robert; Sharples, Sarah; Morley, Jeremy

2015-01-01

Attitudes towards geographic information technology is a seldom explored research area that can be explained with reference to established theories of attribution. This article reports on a study of how the attribution of success and failure in pedestrian navigation varies with level of automation, degree of success and locus of control. A total of 113 participants took part in a survey exploring reflections on personal experiences and vignettes describing fictional navigation experiences. A complex relationship was discovered in which success tends to be attributed to skill and failure to the navigation aid when participants describe their own experiences. A reversed pattern of results was found when discussing the navigation of others. It was also found that navigation success and failure are associated with personal skill to a greater extent when using paper maps, as compared with web-based routing engines or satellite navigation systems. Practitioner Summary: This article explores the influences on the attribution of success and failure when using navigation aids. A survey was performed exploring interpretations of navigation experiences. Level of success, self or other as navigator and type of navigation aid used are all found to influence the attribution of outcomes to internal or external factors. PMID:25384842

Reading Skill and Word Skipping: Implications for Visual and Linguistic Accounts of Word Skipping

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eskenazi, Michael A.; Folk, Jocelyn R.

2015-01-01

We investigated whether high-skill readers skip more words than low-skill readers as a result of parafoveal processing differences based on reading skill. We manipulated foveal load and word length, two variables that strongly influence word skipping, and measured reading skill using the Nelson-Denny Reading Test. We found that reading skill did…

Evidence for skipped spawning in a potamodromous cyprinid, humpback chub (Gila cypha), with implications for demographic parameter estimates

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pearson, Kristen Nicole; Kendall, William L.; Winkelman, Dana L.; Persons, William R.

2015-01-01

Our findings reveal evidence for skipped spawning in a potamodromous cyprinid, humpback chub (HBC; Gila cypha  ). Using closed robust design mark-recapture models, we found, on average, spawning HBC transition to the skipped spawning state () with a probability of 0.45 (95% CRI (i.e. credible interval): 0.10, 0.80) and skipped spawners remain in the skipped spawning state () with a probability of 0.60 (95% CRI: 0.26, 0.83), yielding an average spawning cycle of every 2.12 years, conditional on survival. As a result, migratory skipped spawners are unavailable for detection during annual sampling events. If availability is unaccounted for, survival and detection probability estimates will be biased. Therefore, we estimated annual adult survival probability (S), while accounting for skipped spawning, and found S remained reasonably stable throughout the study period, with an average of 0.75 ((95% CRI: 0.66, 0.82), process varianceσ2 = 0.005), while skipped spawning probability was highly dynamic (σ2 = 0.306). By improving understanding of HBC spawning strategies, conservation decisions can be based on less biased estimates of survival and a more informed population model structure.

Risk of mental health problems in adolescents skipping meals: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012.

PubMed

Lee, Gyungjoo; Han, Kyungdo; Kim, Hyunju

Adolescents frequently skip meals, doing so even more than once per day. This is associated with more mental health problems. This study identified mental health problems' associations with skipping meals and the frequency thereof among adolescents. This cross-sectional population-based study used a data set of 1,413 adolescents from the 2010 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the risk of mental health problems, including stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation in relation to skipping meals and the frequency thereof per day. Breakfast skipping significantly increased the risks of stress and depressive mood. Stress, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation were significantly prevalent as the daily frequency of skipping meals increased. Specific strategies should be developed at government or school level to decrease the frequency of skipping meals per day, associated with serious mental health problems in adolescents. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

78 FR 4353 - Proposed Amendment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route T-266; AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-22

...-1295; Airspace Docket No. 12-AAL-10] RIN 2120-AA66 Proposed Amendment of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route T... (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to modify low-altitude RNAV route T-266 in the state of Alaska by... Regulations (14 CFR) part 71 to modify RNAV route T-266 in Alaska. T- 266 is currently defined by the Coghland...

Visual map and instruction-based bicycle navigation: a comparison of effects on behaviour.

PubMed

de Waard, Dick; Westerhuis, Frank; Joling, Danielle; Weiland, Stella; Stadtbäumer, Ronja; Kaltofen, Leonie

2017-09-01

Cycling with a classic paper map was compared with navigating with a moving map displayed on a smartphone, and with auditory, and visual turn-by-turn route guidance. Spatial skills were found to be related to navigation performance, however only when navigating from a paper or electronic map, not with turn-by-turn (instruction based) navigation. While navigating, 25% of the time cyclists fixated at the devices that present visual information. Navigating from a paper map required most mental effort and both young and older cyclists preferred electronic over paper map navigation. In particular a turn-by-turn dedicated guidance device was favoured. Visual maps are in particular useful for cyclists with higher spatial skills. Turn-by-turn information is used by all cyclists, and it is useful to make these directions available in all devices. Practitioner Summary: Electronic navigation devices are preferred over a paper map. People with lower spatial skills benefit most from turn-by-turn guidance information, presented either auditory or on a dedicated device. People with higher spatial skills perform well with all devices. It is advised to keep in mind that all users benefit from turn-by-turn information when developing a navigation device for cyclists.

Water Surface Impact and Ricochet of Deformable Elastomeric Spheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurd, Randy C.

Soft and deformable silicone rubber spheres ricochet from a water surface when rigid spheres and disks (or skipping stones) cannot. This dissertation investigates why these objects are able to skip so successfully. High speed cameras allow us to see that these unique spheres deform significantly as they impact the water surface, flattening into pancake-like shapes with greater area. Though the water entry behavior of deformable spheres deviates from that of rigid spheres, our research shows that if this deformation is accounted for, their behavior can be predicted from previously established methods. Soft spheres skip more easily because they deform significantly when impacting the water surface. We present a diagram which enables the prediction of a ricochet from sphere impact conditions such as speed and angle. Experiments and mathematical representations of the sphere skipping both show that these deformable spheres skip more readily because deformation momentarily increases sphere area and produces an attack angle with the water which is favorable to skipping. Predictions from our mathematical representation of sphere skipping agree strongly with observations from experiments. Even when a sphere was allowed to skip multiple times in the laboratory, the mathematical predictions show good agreement with measured impact conditions through subsequent skipping events. While studying multiple impact events in an outdoor setting, we discovered a previously unidentified means of skipping, which is unique to deformable spheres. This new skipping occurs when a relatively soft sphere first hits the water at a high speed and low impact angle and the sphere begins to rotate very quickly. This quick rotation causes the sphere to stretch into a shape similar to an American football and maintain this shape while it spins. The sphere is observed to move nearly parallel with the water surface with the tips of this "football" dipping into the water as it rotates and the sides passing just over the surface. This sequence of rapid impact events give the impression that the sphere is walking across the water surface.

Breakfast skipping is associated with cyberbullying and school bullying victimization. A school-based cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues; Roumeliotis, Paul; Farrow, Claire V; Shi, Yuanfeng F

2014-08-01

Breakfast skipping is a health concern that has well-known negative consequences physically and psychologically. It is therefore important to understand why children skip breakfast. The purpose of this study was to establish whether the experience of bullying and cyberbullying impacts upon breakfast skipping and to further evaluate whether the inability for youths to cope with bullying victimization affects their mental health (depression), and in turn predicts breakfast skipping. Data were obtained from the Eastern Ontario 2011 Youth Risk Behaviour Survey, a cross-sectional regional school-based survey of middle and high school students (11-20 years old) across the five counties of Eastern Ontario, Canada (N = 3035). Self-reported data about children's experiences of bullying victimization, breakfast eating habits, socio-economical status, depression, and other risk behaviours were analysed. Approximately half of the participants (50.4%) reported not eating breakfast on a regular basis: 26.3% and 24.1% reported often (usually eat breakfast three times or more per week) and frequent (usually eat breakfast twice a week or less) breakfast skipping behaviour, respectively. Victims of both cyberbullying and school bullying presented greater likelihood of often (adjusted relative risk ratio (RR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17-2.06) and frequent (RR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.28-3.03) breakfast skipping. Mediation analysis further showed that depression fully mediated the relationship between school bullying victimization and frequent breakfast skipping. Moreover, depression partially mediated the associations between both cyberbullying and school bullying with frequent breakfast skipping. These findings highlight the potential interrelationships between cyberbullying, school bullying and depression in predicting unhealthy breakfast skipping behaviour in children. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

MET exon 14 skipping defines a unique molecular class of non-small cell lung cancer.

PubMed

Zheng, Difan; Wang, Rui; Ye, Ting; Yu, Su; Hu, Haichuan; Shen, Xuxia; Li, Yuan; Ji, Hongbin; Sun, Yihua; Chen, Haiquan

2016-07-05

Recurrent MET exon 14 splicing has been revealed in lung cancers and is a promising therapeutic target. Because we have limited knowledge about the natural history of MET mutant tumors, the current study was aiming to determine the clinical and pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Twenty-three patients (1.3%) were positive for MET exon 14 skipping. Patients with MET exon 14 skipping displayed unique characteristics: female, non-smokers, earlier pathology stage and older age. MET exon 14 skipping indicated an early event as other drivers in lung cancer, while MET copy number gain was more likely a late event in lung cancer. Overall survival (OS) of patients harboring MET exon 14 skipping was longer than patients with KRAS mutation. Almost four-fifths of the lung tumors with MET exon 14 skipping had EGFR and/or HER2 gene copy number gains. EGFR inhibitor showed moderate antitumor activity in treatment of a patient harboring MET exon 14 skipping. From October 2007 to June 2013, we screened 1770 patients with NSCLC and correlated MET status with clinical pathologic characteristics and mutations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, HER2, and ALK. Quantitative Real-Time PCR was used to detect MET gene copy number gain. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed to screen MET exon 14 skipping. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival information were analyzed. MET exon 14 skipping was detected in 1.3% (23/1770) of the Chinese patients with NSCLC. MET exon 14 skipping defined a new molecular subset of NSCLC with identifiable clinical characteristics. The therapeutic EGFR inhibitors might be an alternative treatment for patients with MET mutant NSCLC.

Rice cyclophilin OsCYP18-2 is translocated to the nucleus by an interaction with SKIP and enhances drought tolerance in rice and Arabidopsis.

PubMed

Lee, Sang Sook; Park, Hyun Ji; Yoon, Dae Hwa; Kim, Beom-Gi; Ahn, Jun Cheul; Luan, Sheng; Cho, Hye Sun

2015-10-01

Cyclophilin 18-2 (CYP18-2) genes, homologues of human peptidyl-prolyl isomerase-like 1 (PPiL1), are conserved across multicellular organisms and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Although PPiL1 is known to interact with ski-interacting protein (SKIP), a transcriptional co-regulator and spliceosomal component, there have been no functional analyses of PPiL1 homologues in plants. Rice cyclophilin 18-2 (OsCYP18-2) bound directly to amino acids 56-95 of OsSKIP and its binding was independent of cyclosporin A, a cyclophilin-binding drug. Moreover, OsCYP18-2 exhibited PPIase activity regardless of its interaction with OsSKIP. Therefore, the binding site for OsCYP18-2's interaction with SKIP was distinct from the PPIase active site. OsCYP18-2's interaction with SKIP full-length protein enabled OsCYP18-2's translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus and AtSKIP interacted in planta with both AtCYP18-2 and OsCYP18-2. Drought and salt stress induced similar expression of OsCYP18-2 and OsSKIP. Overexpression of OsCYP18-2 in transgenic rice and Arabidopsis thaliana plants enhanced drought tolerance and altered expression and pre-mRNA splicing patterns of stress-related genes in Arabidopsis under drought conditions. Furthermore, OsCYP18-2 caused transcriptional activation with/without OsSKIP in the GAL4 system of yeast; thus the OsSKIP-OsCYP18-2 interaction has an important role in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of stress-related genes and increases tolerance to drought stress. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Associations between perceived friends' support of healthy eating and meal skipping in adolescence.

PubMed

Rosenrauch, Sharon; Ball, Kylie; Lamb, Karen E

2017-12-01

Meal skipping is a relatively common behaviour during adolescence. As peer influence increases during adolescence, friendship groups may play a role in determining eating patterns such as meal skipping. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between perceived friends' support of healthy eating and breakfast and lunch skipping among adolescents. Survey of intrapersonal, social and environmental factors that may influence eating patterns at baseline (2004/05) and follow-up (2006/07). Thirty-seven secondary schools in Victoria, Australia. Sample of 1785 students aged 12-15 years at baseline. Adolescents who reported that their friends sometimes or often ate healthy foods with them were less likely (adjusted OR; 95 % CI) to skip breakfast (sometimes: 0·71; 0·57, 0·90; often: 0·54; 0·38, 0·76) or lunch (sometimes: 0·61; 0·41, 0·89; often: 0·59; 0·37, 0·94) at baseline than those who reported their friends never or rarely displayed this behaviour. Although this variable was associated with lunch skipping at follow-up, there was no evidence of an association with breakfast skipping at follow-up. There was no evidence of an association between perceived encouragement of healthy eating, and an inconsistent relationship between perceived discouragement of junk food consumption, and meal skipping. Friends eating healthy foods together may serve to reduce meal skipping during early adolescence, possibly due to the influence of directly observable behaviour and shared beliefs held by those in the same friendship group. Verbal encouragement or discouragement from friends may be less impactful an influence on meal skipping (than directly observable behaviours) in adolescents.

The combined unhealthy behaviors of breakfast skipping and smoking are associated with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus.

PubMed

Nishiyama, Midori; Muto, Takashi; Minakawa, Toshihiro; Shibata, Toshie

2009-08-01

Skipping breakfast has been considered a representative unhealthy behavior, but there is little information about the combined effects of breakfast skipping and other unhealthy health habits, especially smoking. First this cross-sectional study investigated unhealthy behaviors among breakfast skippers, and then examined the impact of the combined association of skipping breakfast and smoking on health. A total of 1,200 adults living in one Japanese community were sent questionnaires to elicit data on age, gender, breakfast-eating frequency, and other lifestyle habits. A total 603 of people returned their questionnaires (response rate: 50.3%), and 493 (230 men and 263 women) questionnaires were considered appropriate for analysis. Smoking rate in men (mean age, 53.7 years) and women (mean age, 50.4 years) was 41.3%, and 9.5%, respectively. Skipping breakfast was more prevalent in people under age 50 years (p < 0.001), and was related to other unhealthy behaviors. Binary logistic regression identified current smoking as the most significant factor related to breakfast skipping (3.10, 95%CI 1.50-6.39). Other factors included, age younger than 50 years (3.04, 95%CI 1.31-7.06) and poor sleeping quality (2.06, 95%CI 1.00-4.25). After examining the combined impact of skipping breakfast and smoking, the highest odds ratio for a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was found among those who smoked and skipped breakfast (4.68, 95% CI: 1.46-15.05). Moreover, skipping breakfast among non-smokers showed a high association with perceived stress (2.83, 95% CI: 1.05-7.61). In conclusion, the combined unhealthy behaviors of skipping breakfast and smoking are associated with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus.

NASA CEV Reference Entry GN&C System and Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Munday, S.; Madsen, C.; Broome, J.; Gay, R.; Tigges, M.; Strahan, A.

2007-01-01

As part of its overall objectives, the Orion spacecraft will be required to perform entry and Earth landing functions for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Lunar missions. Both of these entry scenarios will begin with separation of the Service Module (SM), making them unique from other Orion mission phases in that only the Command Module (CM) portion of the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) will be involved, requiring a CM specific Guidance, Navigation and Control (GN&C) system. Also common to these mission scenarios will be the need for GN&C to safely return crew (or cargo) to earth within the dynamic thermal and structural constraints of entry and within acceptable accelerations on the crew, utilizing the limited aerodynamic performance of the CM capsule. The lunar return mission could additionally require an initial atmospheric entry designed to support a precision skip and second entry, all to maximize downrange performance and ensure landing in the United States. This paper describes the Entry GN&C reference design, developed by the NASA-led team, that supports these entry scenarios and that was used to validate the Orion System requirements. Description of the reference design will include an overview of the GN&C functions, avionics, and effectors and will relate these to the specific design drivers of the entry scenarios, as well as the desire for commonality in vehicle systems to support the different missions. The discussion will also include the requirement for an Emergency Entry capability beyond that of the nominal performance of the multi-string GNC system, intended to return the crew to the earth in a survivable but unguided manner. Finally, various analyses will be discussed, including those completed to support validation efforts of the current CEV requirements, along with those on-going and planned with the intention to further refine the requirements and to support design development work in conjunction with the prime contractor. Some of these ongoing analyses will include work to size effectors (jets) and fuel budgets, to refine skip entry concepts, to characterize navigation performance and uncertainties, to provide for SM disposal offshore and to identify requirements to support target site selection.

Word skipping: effects of word length, predictability, spelling and reading skill.

PubMed

Slattery, Timothy J; Yates, Mark

2017-08-31

Readers eyes often skip over words as they read. Skipping rates are largely determined by word length; short words are skipped more than long words. However, the predictability of a word in context also impacts skipping rates. Rayner, Slattery, Drieghe and Liversedge (2011) reported an effect of predictability on word skipping for even long words (10-13 characters) that extend beyond the word identification span. Recent research suggests that better readers and spellers have an enhanced perceptual span (Veldre & Andrews, 2014). We explored whether reading and spelling skill interact with word length and predictability to impact word skipping rates in a large sample (N=92) of average and poor adult readers. Participants read the items from Rayner et al. (2011) while their eye movements were recorded. Spelling skill (zSpell) was assessed using the dictation and recognition tasks developed by Sally Andrews and colleagues. Reading skill (zRead) was assessed from reading speed (words per minute) and accuracy of three 120 word passages each with 10 comprehension questions. We fit linear mixed models to the target gaze duration data and generalized linear mixed models to the target word skipping data. Target word gaze durations were significantly predicted by zRead while, the skipping likelihoods were significantly predicted by zSpell. Additionally, for gaze durations, zRead significantly interacted with word predictability as better readers relied less on context to support word processing. These effects are discussed in relation to the lexical quality hypothesis and eye movement models of reading.

Efficient exon skipping of SGCG mutations mediated by phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers.

PubMed

Wyatt, Eugene J; Demonbreun, Alexis R; Kim, Ellis Y; Puckelwartz, Megan J; Vo, Andy H; Dellefave-Castillo, Lisa M; Gao, Quan Q; Vainzof, Mariz; Pavanello, Rita C M; Zatz, Mayana; McNally, Elizabeth M

2018-05-03

Exon skipping uses chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides to modulate RNA splicing. Therapeutically, exon skipping can bypass mutations and restore reading frame disruption by generating internally truncated, functional proteins to rescue the loss of native gene expression. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the SGCG gene, which encodes the dystrophin-associated protein γ-sarcoglycan. The most common SGCG mutations disrupt the transcript reading frame abrogating γ-sarcoglycan protein expression. In order to treat most SGCG gene mutations, it is necessary to skip 4 exons in order to restore the SGCG transcript reading frame, creating an internally truncated protein referred to as Mini-Gamma. Using direct reprogramming of human cells with MyoD, myogenic cells were tested with 2 antisense oligonucleotide chemistries, 2'-O-methyl phosphorothioate oligonucleotides and vivo-phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers, to induce exon skipping. Treatment with vivo-phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers demonstrated efficient skipping of the targeted exons and corrected the mutant reading frame, resulting in the expression of a functional Mini-Gamma protein. Antisense-induced exon skipping of SGCG occurred in normal cells and those with multiple distinct SGCG mutations, including the most common 521ΔT mutation. These findings demonstrate a multiexon-skipping strategy applicable to the majority of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2C patients.

Skip residues modulate the structural properties of the myosin rod and guide thick filament assembly

DOE PAGES

Taylor, Keenan C.; Buvoli, Massimo; Korkmaz, Elif Nihal; ...

2015-07-06

The rod of sarcomeric myosins directs thick filament assembly and is characterized by the insertion of four skip residues that introduce discontinuities in the coiled-coil heptad repeats. We report in this paper that the regions surrounding the first three skip residues share high structural similarity despite their low sequence homology. Near each of these skip residues, the coiled-coil transitions to a nonclose-packed structure inducing local relaxation of the superhelical pitch. Moreover, molecular dynamics suggest that these distorted regions can assume different conformationally stable states. In contrast, the last skip residue region constitutes a true molecular hinge, providing C-terminal rod flexibility.more » Assembly of myosin with mutated skip residues in cardiomyocytes shows that the functional importance of each skip residue is associated with rod position and reveals the unique role of the molecular hinge in promoting myosin antiparallel packing. By defining the biophysical properties of the rod, the structures and molecular dynamic calculations presented here provide insight into thick filament formation, and highlight the structural differences occurring between the coiled-coils of myosin and the stereotypical tropomyosin. Finally, in addition to extending our knowledge into the conformational and biological properties of coiled-coil discontinuities, the molecular characterization of the four myosin skip residues also provides a guide to modeling the effects of rod mutations causing cardiac and skeletal myopathies.« less

Mathematical modeling for optimizing skip-stop rail transit operation strategy using genetic algorithm.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

"With skip-stop rail transit operation, transit agencies can reduce their operating costs and fleet size, : and passengers can experience reduced in-transit travel times without extra track and technological : improvement. However, since skip-stop op...

Characterization of porcine SKIP gene in skeletal muscle development: polymorphisms, association analysis, expression and regulation of cell growth in C2C12 cells.

PubMed

Xiong, Qi; Chai, Jin; Deng, Changyan; Jiang, Siwen; Liu, Yang; Huang, Tao; Suo, Xiaojun; Zhang, Nian; Li, Xiaofeng; Yang, Qianping; Chen, Mingxin; Zheng, Rong

2012-12-01

Skeletal muscle and kidney-enriched inositol phosphatase (SKIP) was identified as a 5'-inositol phosphatase that hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) to PI(3,4)P2 and negatively regulates insulin-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in skeletal muscle. In this study, two new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in porcine SKIP introns 1 and 6 were detected. The C1092T locus in intron 1 showed significant associations with some meat traits, whereas the A17G locus in intron 6 showed significant associations with some carcass traits. Expression analysis showed that porcine SKIP is upregulated at d 65 of gestation and Meishan fetuses have higher and prolonged expression of SKIP compared to Large White at d 100 of gestation. Ectopic expression of porcine SKIP decreased insulin-induced cell proliferation and promoted serum starvation-induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase in C2C12. Our results suggest that SKIP plays a negative regulatory role in skeletal muscle development partly by preventing cell proliferation. Crown Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

odd skipped related1 reveals a novel role for endoderm in regulating kidney vs. vascular cell fate

PubMed Central

Mudumana, Sudha P.; Hentschel, Dirk; Liu, Yan; Vasilyev, Aleksandr; Drummond, Iain A.

2009-01-01

Summary The kidney and vasculature are intimately linked functionally and during development, where nephric and blood/vascular progenitor cells occupy adjacent bands of mesoderm in zebrafish and frog embryos. Developmental mechanisms underlying the differentiation of kidney vs. blood/vascular lineages remain unknown. The odd skipped related1 (osr1) gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that is expressed in the germ ring mesendoderm and subsequently in the endoderm and intermediate mesoderm, prior to the expression of definitive kidney or blood/vascular markers. Knockdown of osr1 in zebrafish embryos resulted in a complete, segment-specific loss of anterior kidney progenitors and a compensatory increase in the number of angioblast cells in the same trunk region. Histology revealed a subsequent absence of kidney tubules, enlarged cardinal vein, and expansion of the posterior venous plexus. Altered kidney vs. vascular development correlated with expanded endoderm development in osr1 knockdowns. Combined osr1 loss of function and blockade of endoderm development by knockdown of sox32/casanova rescued anterior kidney development. The results indicate that osr1 activity is required to limit endoderm differentiation from mesendoderm and, in the absence of osr1, excess endoderm alters mesoderm differentiation, shifting the balance from kidney toward vascular development. PMID:18787069

Gait biomechanics of skipping are substantially different than those of running.

PubMed

McDonnell, Jessica; Willson, John D; Zwetsloot, Kevin A; Houmard, Joseph; DeVita, Paul

2017-11-07

The inherit injury risk associated with high-impact exercises calls for alternative ways to achieve the benefits of aerobic exercise while minimizing excessive stresses to body tissues. Skipping presents such an alternative, incorporating double support, flight, and single support phases. We used ground reaction forces (GRFs), lower extremity joint torques and powers to compare skipping and running in 20 healthy adults. The two consecutive skipping steps on each limb differed significantly from each other, and from running. Running had the longest step length, the highest peak vertical GRF, peak knee extensor torque, and peak knee negative and positive power and negative and positive work. Skipping had the greater cadence, peak horizontal GRF, peak hip and ankle extensor torques, peak ankle negative power and work, and peak ankle positive power. The second vs first skipping step had the shorter step length, higher cadence, peak horizontal GRF, peak ankle extensor torque, and peak ankle negative power, negative work, and positive power and positive work. The first skipping step utilized predominately net negative joint work (eccentric muscle action) while the second utilized predominately net positive joint work (concentric muscle action). The skipping data further highlight the persistence of net negative work performed at the knee and net positive work performed at the ankle across locomotion gaits. Evidence of step segregation was seen in distribution of the braking and propelling impulses and net work produced across the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Skipping was substantially different than running and was temporally and spatially asymmetrical with successive foot falls partitioned into a dominant function, either braking or propelling whereas running had a single, repeated step in which both braking and propelling actions were performed equally. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

78 FR 42819 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 709

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-17

... 709, United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. DATES: Written comments should....gov . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax... transfers subject to the gift and generation-skipping transfer taxes and to compute these taxes. The IRS...

75 FR 38179 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 709

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-01

... 709, United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. DATES: Written comments should....gov . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax... transfers subject to the gift and generation-skipping transfer taxes and to compute these taxes. The IRS...

78 FR 46688 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 706

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-01

... 706, United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. DATES: Written comments... INFORMATION: Title: United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. OMB Number: 1545-0015... imposed by Internal Revenue Code section 2001 and the Federal generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax...

Eye movements and word skipping during reading: Effects of word length and predictability

PubMed Central

Rayner, Keith; Slattery, Timothy J.; Drieghe, Denis; Liversedge, Simon P.

2012-01-01

The extent to which target words were predictable from prior context was varied: half of the target words were predictable and the other half were unpredictable. In addition, the length of the target word varied: the target words were short (4–6 letters), medium (7–9 letters), or long (10–12 letters). Length and predictability both yielded strong effects on the probability of skipping the target words and on the amount of time readers fixated the target words (when they were not skipped). However, there was no interaction in any of the measures examined for either skipping or fixation time. The results demonstrate that word predictability (due to contextual constraint) and word length have strong and independent influences on word skipping and fixation durations. Furthermore, since the long words extended beyond the word identification span, the data indicate that skipping can occur on the basis of partial information in relation to word identity. PMID:21463086

Total knee arthroplasty with computer-assisted navigation more closely replicates normal knee biomechanics than conventional surgery.

PubMed

McClelland, Jodie A; Webster, Kate E; Ramteke, Alankar A; Feller, Julian A

2017-06-01

Computer-assisted navigation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reduces variability and may improve accuracy in the postoperative static alignment. The effect of navigation on alignment and biomechanics during more dynamic movements has not been investigated. This study compared knee biomechanics during level walking of 121 participants: 39 with conventional TKA, 42 with computer-assisted navigation TKA and 40 unimpaired control participants. Standing lower-limb alignment was significantly closer to ideal in participants with navigation TKA. During gait, when differences in walking speed were accounted for, participants with conventional TKA had less knee flexion during stance and swing than controls (P<0.01), but there were no differences between participants with navigation TKA and controls for the same variables. Both groups of participants with TKA had lower knee adduction moments than controls (P<0.01). In summary, there were fewer differences in the biomechanics of computer-assisted navigation TKA patients compared to controls than for patients with conventional TKA. Computer-assisted navigation TKA may restore biomechanics during walking that are closer to normal than conventional TKA. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Guidance and navigation requirements for unmanned flyby and swingby missions to the outer planets. Volume 1: Summary report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

Unmanned spacecraft missions to the outer planets are of current interest to planetary scientists, and are being studied for the post 1970 time period. Flyby, entry and orbiter missions are all being considered using both direct and planetary swingby trajectory modes. The navigation and guidance requirements for a variety of missions to the outer planets and comets including both the three and four planet Grand Tours, are summarized.

Definition of experiments and instruments for a communication/navigation research laboratory. Volume 4: Programmatics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

Details are provided for scheduling, cost estimates, and support research and technology requirements for a space shuttle supported manned research laboratory to conduct selected communication and navigation experiments. A summary of the candidate program and its time phasing is included, as well as photographs of the 1/20 scale model of the shuttle supported Early Comm/Nav Research Lab showing the baseline, in-bay arrangement and the out-of-bay configuration.

26 CFR 26.2612-1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2612-1 Definitions. (a... person. Only one direct skip occurs when a single transfer of property skips two or more generations. See... termination is a taxable termination with respect to the distributed property. (3) Simultaneous terminations...

26 CFR 26.2612-1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2612-1 Definitions. (a... person. Only one direct skip occurs when a single transfer of property skips two or more generations. See... termination is a taxable termination with respect to the distributed property. (3) Simultaneous terminations...

The Timing of Grade Skipping

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuo, Yi-Lung; Lohman, David F.

2011-01-01

The purposes of this study were to investigate the following: (a) the impact of sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family income on the likelihood of whole-grade skipping between kindergarten and Grade 7 and (b) the effects of grade skipping during elementary or middle school on students' academic achievement in high school. The authors…

1999 Survey of Active Duty Personnel: Administration, Datasets, and Codebook. Appendix G: Frequency and Percentage Distributions for Variables in the Survey Analysis Files.

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-12-01

A SKIP FLAG INDICATING THE RESULT OF CHECKING THE RESPONSE ON THE PARENT (SCREENING) ITEM AGAINST THE RESPONSE(S) ON THE ITEMS WITHIN THE SKIP...RESPONSE ON THE PARENT (SCREENING) ITEM AGAINST THE RESPONSE(S) ON THE ITEMS WITHIN THE SKIP PATTERN. SEE TABLE D-5, NOTE 2, IN APPENDIX D. G-52...RESULT OF CHECKING THE RESPONSE ON THE PARENT (SCREENING) ITEM AGAINST THE RESPONSE(S) ON THE ITEMS WITHIN THE SKIP PATTERN. SEE TABLE D-5

Reengineering a transmembrane protein to treat muscular dystrophy using exon skipping.

PubMed

Gao, Quan Q; Wyatt, Eugene; Goldstein, Jeff A; LoPresti, Peter; Castillo, Lisa M; Gazda, Alec; Petrossian, Natalie; Earley, Judy U; Hadhazy, Michele; Barefield, David Y; Demonbreun, Alexis R; Bönnemann, Carsten; Wolf, Matthew; McNally, Elizabeth M

2015-11-02

Exon skipping uses antisense oligonucleotides as a treatment for genetic diseases. The antisense oligonucleotides used for exon skipping are designed to bypass premature stop codons in the target RNA and restore reading frame disruption. Exon skipping is currently being tested in humans with dystrophin gene mutations who have Duchenne muscular dystrophy. For Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the rationale for exon skipping derived from observations in patients with naturally occurring dystrophin gene mutations that generated internally deleted but partially functional dystrophin proteins. We have now expanded the potential for exon skipping by testing whether an internal, in-frame truncation of a transmembrane protein γ-sarcoglycan is functional. We generated an internally truncated γ-sarcoglycan protein that we have termed Mini-Gamma by deleting a large portion of the extracellular domain. Mini-Gamma provided functional and pathological benefits to correct the loss of γ-sarcoglycan in a Drosophila model, in heterologous cell expression studies, and in transgenic mice lacking γ-sarcoglycan. We generated a cellular model of human muscle disease and showed that multiple exon skipping could be induced in RNA that encodes a mutant human γ-sarcoglycan. Since Mini-Gamma represents removal of 4 of the 7 coding exons in γ-sarcoglycan, this approach provides a viable strategy to treat the majority of patients with γ-sarcoglycan gene mutations.

Reengineering a transmembrane protein to treat muscular dystrophy using exon skipping

PubMed Central

Gao, Quan Q.; Wyatt, Eugene; Goldstein, Jeff A.; LoPresti, Peter; Castillo, Lisa M.; Gazda, Alec; Petrossian, Natalie; Earley, Judy U.; Hadhazy, Michele; Barefield, David Y.; Demonbreun, Alexis R.; Bönnemann, Carsten; Wolf, Matthew; McNally, Elizabeth M.

2015-01-01

Exon skipping uses antisense oligonucleotides as a treatment for genetic diseases. The antisense oligonucleotides used for exon skipping are designed to bypass premature stop codons in the target RNA and restore reading frame disruption. Exon skipping is currently being tested in humans with dystrophin gene mutations who have Duchenne muscular dystrophy. For Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the rationale for exon skipping derived from observations in patients with naturally occurring dystrophin gene mutations that generated internally deleted but partially functional dystrophin proteins. We have now expanded the potential for exon skipping by testing whether an internal, in-frame truncation of a transmembrane protein γ-sarcoglycan is functional. We generated an internally truncated γ-sarcoglycan protein that we have termed Mini-Gamma by deleting a large portion of the extracellular domain. Mini-Gamma provided functional and pathological benefits to correct the loss of γ-sarcoglycan in a Drosophila model, in heterologous cell expression studies, and in transgenic mice lacking γ-sarcoglycan. We generated a cellular model of human muscle disease and showed that multiple exon skipping could be induced in RNA that encodes a mutant human γ-sarcoglycan. Since Mini-Gamma represents removal of 4 of the 7 coding exons in γ-sarcoglycan, this approach provides a viable strategy to treat the majority of patients with γ-sarcoglycan gene mutations. PMID:26457733

SKIPing With Head Start Teachers: Influence of T-SKIP on Object-Control Skills.

PubMed

Brian, Ali; Goodway, Jacqueline D; Logan, Jessica A; Sutherland, Sue

2017-12-01

Children from disadvantaged settings are at risk for delays in their object-control (OC) skills. Fundamental motor skill interventions, such as the Successful Kinesthetic Instruction for Preschoolers (SKIP) Program, are highly successful when led by motor development experts. However, few preschools employ such experts. This study examined the extent to which Head Start teachers delivering an 8-week teacher-led SKIP (T-SKIP) intervention elicited learning of OC skills for Head Start children. Head Start teachers (n = 5) delivered T-SKIP for 8 weeks (450 min). Control teachers (n = 5) implemented the typical standard of practice, or well-equipped free play. All children (N = 122) were pretested and posttested on the OC Skill subscale of the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Descriptive analyses at pretest identified 81% of the children were developmentally delayed in OC skills (below the 30th percentile). A 2-level hierarchical linear model demonstrated the effectiveness of T-SKIP with significant differences (β = 4.70), t(8) = 7.02, p < .001, η2 = .56, between T-SKIP children (n = 63) and control children (n = 59) at posttest. Head Start teachers who delivered T-SKIP could bring about positive changes in children's OC skills, thereby remediating the initial developmental delays presented. Control children remained delayed in their OC skills in spite of daily well-equipped free play, giving rise to concerns about their future motor competence and physical activity levels.

26 CFR 26.2632-1 - Allocation of GST exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2632... United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return (Form 709) the transfer and the extent... generation-skipping potential, the initial allocation under paragraph (b)(4)(ii)(A)(1)(i) of this section is...

26 CFR 26.2632-1 - Allocation of GST exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2632... United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return (Form 709) the transfer and the extent... generation-skipping potential, the initial allocation under paragraph (b)(4)(ii)(A)(1)(i) of this section is...

26 CFR 26.2632-1 - Allocation of GST exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2632... United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return (Form 709) the transfer and the extent... generation-skipping potential, the initial allocation under paragraph (b)(4)(ii)(A)(1)(i) of this section is...

26 CFR 26.2632-1 - Allocation of GST exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2632... United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return (Form 709) the transfer and the extent... generation-skipping potential, the initial allocation under paragraph (b)(4)(ii)(A)(1)(i) of this section is...

26 CFR 26.2653-1 - Taxation of multiple skips.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Taxation of multiple skips. 26.2653-1 Section 26.2653-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE...-1 Taxation of multiple skips. (a) General rule. If property is held in trust immediately after a GST...

26 CFR 26.6081-1 - Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns. 26.6081-1 Section 26.6081-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX...

26 CFR 26.6081-1 - Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns. 26.6081-1 Section 26.6081-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX...

26 CFR 26.6081-1 - Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns. 26.6081-1 Section 26.6081-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX...

26 CFR 26.6081-1 - Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns. 26.6081-1 Section 26.6081-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX...

26 CFR 26.6081-1 - Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Automatic extension of time for filing generation-skipping transfer tax returns. 26.6081-1 Section 26.6081-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX...

26 CFR 26.2653-1 - Taxation of multiple skips.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Taxation of multiple skips. 26.2653-1 Section 26.2653-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND... Taxation of multiple skips. (a) General rule. If property is held in trust immediately after a GST, solely...

One Way to Design a Valence-Skip Compound.

PubMed

Hase, I; Yanagisawa, T; Kawashima, K

2017-12-01

Valence-skip compound is a good candidate with high T c and low anisotropy because it has a large attractive interaction at the site of valence-skip atom. However, it is not easy to synthesize such compound because of (i) the instability of the skipping valence state, (ii) the competing charge order, and (iii) that formal valence may not be true in some compounds. In the present study, we show several examples of the valence-skip compounds and discuss how we can design them by first principles calculations. Furthermore, we calculated the electronic structure of a promising candidate of valence skipping compound RbTlCl 3 from first principles. We confirmed that the charge-density wave (CDW) is formed in this compound, and the Tl atoms in two crystallographic different sites take the valence Tl 1+ and Tl 3+ . Structure optimization study reveals that this CDW is stable at the ambient pressure, while this CDW gap can be collapsed when we apply pressure with several gigapascals. In this metallic phase, we can expect a large charge fluctuation and a large electron-phonon interaction.

Is breakfast skipping associated with physical activity among U.S. adolescents? A cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 12-19 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

PubMed

Lyerly, Jordan E; Huber, Larissa R; Warren-Findlow, Jan; Racine, Elizabeth F; Dmochowski, Jacek

2014-04-01

To examine the association between breakfast skipping and physical activity among US adolescents aged 12-19 years. A cross-sectional study of nationally representative 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Breakfast skipping was assessed by two 24 h dietary recalls. Physical activity was self-reported by participants and classified based on meeting national recommendations for physical activity for the appropriate age group. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to model the association between breakfast skipping and physical activity while controlling for confounders. A total of 936 adolescents aged 12-19 years in the USA. After adjusting for family income, there was no association between breakfast skipping and meeting physical activity guidelines for age among adolescents aged 12-19 years (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.56, 1.32). Findings from the study differ from previous research findings on breakfast skipping and physical activity. Therefore, further research that uses large, nationally representative US samples and national recommended guidelines for physical activity is needed.

Accurate predictor-corrector skip entry guidance for low lift-to-drag ratio spacecraft

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Enmi, Y.; Qian, W.; He, K.; Di, D.

2018-06-01

This paper develops numerical predictor-corrector skip en try guidance for vehicles with low lift-to-drag L/D ratio during the skip entry phase of a Moon return mission. The guidance method is composed of two parts: trajectory planning before entry and closed-loop gu idance during skip entry. The result of trajectory planning before entry is able to present an initial value for predictor-corrector algorithm in closed-loop guidance for fast convergence. The magnitude of bank angle, which is parameterized as a linear function of the range-to-go, is modulated to satisfy the downrange requirements. The sign of the bank ang le is determined by the bank-reversal logic. The predictor-corrector algorithm repeatedly applied onboard in each guidance cycle to realize closed-loop guidance in the skip entry phase. The effectivity of the proposed guidance is validated by simulations in nominal conditions, including skip entry, loft entry, and direct entry, as well as simulations in dispersion conditions considering the combination disturbance of the entry interface, the aerodynamic coefficients, the air density, and the mass of the vehicle.

Breakfast Skipping, Extreme Commutes, and the Sex Composition at Birth.

PubMed

Mazumder, Bhashkar; Seeskin, Zachary

2015-01-01

A growing body of literature has shown that environmental exposures in the period around conception can affect the sex ratio at birth through selective attrition that favors the survival of female conceptuses. Glucose availability is considered a key indicator of the fetal environment, and its absence as a result of meal skipping may inhibit male survival. We hypothesize that breakfast skipping during pregnancy may lead to a reduction in the fraction of male births. Using time use data from the United States we show that women with commute times of 90 minutes or longer are 20 percentage points more likely to skip breakfast. Using U.S. census data we show that women with commute times of 90 minutes or longer are 1.2 percentage points less likely to have a male child under the age of 2. Under some assumptions, this implies that routinely skipping breakfast around the time of conception leads to a 6 percentage point reduction in the probability of a male child. Skipping breakfast during pregnancy may therefore constitute a poor environment for fetal health more generally.

Systemic Delivery of Morpholinos to Skip Multiple Exons in a Dog Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

PubMed

Maruyama, Rika; Echigoya, Yusuke; Caluseriu, Oana; Aoki, Yoshitsugu; Takeda, Shin'ichi; Yokota, Toshifumi

2017-01-01

Exon-skipping therapy is an emerging approach that uses synthetic DNA-like molecules called antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) to splice out frame-disrupting parts of mRNA, restore the reading frame, and produce truncated yet functional proteins. Multiple exon skipping utilizing a cocktail of AONs can theoretically treat 80-90% of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The success of multiple exon skipping by the systemic delivery of a cocktail of AONs called phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) in a DMD dog model has made a significant impact on the development of therapeutics for DMD, leading to clinical trials of PMO-based drugs. Here, we describe the systemic delivery of a cocktail of PMOs to skip multiple exons in dystrophic dogs and the evaluation of the efficacies and toxicity in vivo.

30 CFR 280.24 - What reports must I file?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... digital navigation data in a format specified by the RD, showing the areas and blocks in which any G&G...) A summary of any: (i) Hard mineral, hydrocarbon, or sulphur occurrences encountered; (ii...

Potential Impacts of Extended Winter Navigation upon Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes. Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway Navigation Season Extension Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

pattern in the beaching rate is caused mostly by high mortality of young gulls in late summer and fall before and during migration. Almost no oiling of...Most Frequently Beached Birds From 1978 to 1980 . . . . . . . . . 167 54 Age Composition of Beached Ring-billed Gulls . . . . . . . . . . 168 55 Age... Composition of Beached Herring Gulls . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 ix LIST OF TABLES (continued) B16 Summary of Selected Birds Present on Christmas

The influence of the metastasis pattern of mediastinal lymph nodes on the postoperative radiotherapy’s efficacy for the IIIA-pN2 non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of 220 patients

PubMed Central

Zhang, Baozhong; Zhao, Lujun; Yuan, Zhiyong; Pang, Qingsong; Wang, Ping

2016-01-01

Objective The use of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) remains controversial for Stage IIIA-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, a possible reason is that IIIA-pN2 NSCLC diseases are a heterogeneous group with different clinicopathologic features. The aim of this research was to prove whether the mediastinal lymph nodes’ (LNs) skipping status could indicate the necessity of the PORT for the pN2 NSCLC patients. Methods The skip metastasis was defined as pN0N2 (no N1 LN involved), and nonskip metastasis was pN1N2 (one or more N1 LNs involved). Patients were divided into two groups: LNs nonskip and LNs skip, and postoperative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT) and postoperative chemotherapy. Then, the LN nonskip and LN skip groups were further divided into subgroups: POCRT and point of care testing (POCT) for subgroup analysis. Results There were 220 cases included in the analysis, and 43 of them received PORT. On univariate analysis, the median 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was, respectively, 16 months (27.7%) for the LN skip group and 11 months (15.3%) for the LN nonskip group (P=0.001). The median 3-year overall survival (OS) was, respectively, 35 months (47.0%) for the LN skip group and 27 months (38.7%) for the LN nonskip group (P=0.025). The median 3-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was, respectively, 25 months (41.0%) for the LN skip group and19 months (29.9%) for the LN nonskip group (P=0.014). The median 3-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was, respectively, 22 months (32.5%) for the LN skip group and 15 months (20.4%) for the LN nonskip group (P=0.013). The median 3-year PFS was, respectively, 17 months (25.6%) for the POCRT group and 12 months (18.6%) for the POCT group (P=0.037). Although the POCRT group showed better OS, LRFS, and DMFS than the POCT group, the results showed no statistical significance. In subgroup analysis, there was no statistical significance in the Kaplan–Meier analysis between subgroups, but it showed that POCRT resulted in better PFS, OS, and DMFS in both LN skip and LN nonskip subgroups; this advantage was more obvious in the LN skip subgroup. Conclusion The LN skip status is closely related to the survival of the IIIA-N2 NSCLC disease, and the LN skip patients may get more benefit in PFS and LRFS than the LN nonskip patients from PORT. PMID:27785064

Quantitative Antisense Screening and Optimization for Exon 51 Skipping in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

PubMed

Echigoya, Yusuke; Lim, Kenji Rowel Q; Trieu, Nhu; Bao, Bo; Miskew Nichols, Bailey; Vila, Maria Candida; Novak, James S; Hara, Yuko; Lee, Joshua; Touznik, Aleksander; Mamchaoui, Kamel; Aoki, Yoshitsugu; Takeda, Shin'ichi; Nagaraju, Kanneboyina; Mouly, Vincent; Maruyama, Rika; Duddy, William; Yokota, Toshifumi

2017-11-01

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal genetic disorder, is caused by mutations in the dystrophin (DMD) gene. Exon skipping is a therapeutic approach that uses antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) to modulate splicing and restore the reading frame, leading to truncated, yet functional protein expression. In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conditionally approved the first phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (morpholino)-based AO drug, eteplirsen, developed for DMD exon 51 skipping. Eteplirsen remains controversial with insufficient evidence of its therapeutic effect in patients. We recently developed an in silico tool to design antisense morpholino sequences for exon skipping. Here, we designed morpholino AOs targeting DMD exon 51 using the in silico tool and quantitatively evaluated the effects in immortalized DMD muscle cells in vitro. To our surprise, most of the newly designed morpholinos induced exon 51 skipping more efficiently compared with the eteplirsen sequence. The efficacy of exon 51 skipping and rescue of dystrophin protein expression were increased by up to more than 12-fold and 7-fold, respectively, compared with the eteplirsen sequence. Significant in vivo efficacy of the most effective morpholino, determined in vitro, was confirmed in mice carrying the human DMD gene. These findings underscore the importance of AO sequence optimization for exon skipping. Copyright © 2017 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Engagement of neural circuits underlying 2D spatial navigation in a rodent virtual reality system

PubMed Central

Aronov, Dmitriy; Tank, David W.

2015-01-01

SUMMARY Virtual reality (VR) enables precise control of an animal’s environment and otherwise impossible experimental manipulations. Neural activity in navigating rodents has been studied on virtual linear tracks. However, the spatial navigation system’s engagement in complete two-dimensional environments has not been shown. We describe a VR setup for rats, including control software and a large-scale electrophysiology system, which supports 2D navigation by allowing animals to rotate and walk in any direction. The entorhinal-hippocampal circuit, including place cells, grid cells, head direction cells and border cells, showed 2D activity patterns in VR similar to those in the real world. Hippocampal neurons exhibited various remapping responses to changes in the appearance or the shape of the virtual environment, including a novel form in which a VR-induced cue conflict caused remapping to lock to geometry rather than salient cues. These results suggest a general-purpose tool for novel types of experimental manipulations in navigating rats. PMID:25374363

The search for reference sources for delta VLBI navigation of the Galileo spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ulvestad, J. S.; Linfield, R. P.

1986-01-01

A comprehensive search was made in order to identify celestial radio sources that can be used as references for navigation of the Galileo spacecraft by means of VLBI observations. The astronomical literature was seached for potential navigation sources, and several VLBI experiments were performed to determine the suitability of those sources for navigation. The results of such work performed since mid-1983 is reported. A summary is presented of the source properties required, the procedures used to identify candidate sources, and the results of the observations of these sources. The lists of souces presented are not meant to be taken directly and used for VLBI navigation, but they do provide a means of identifying the radio sources that could be used at various positions along the Galileo trajectory. Since the reference sources nearest the critical points of Jupiter encounter and probe release are rather weak, it would be extremely beneficial to use a pair of 70-m antennas for the VLBI measurements.

26 CFR 26.2663-2 - Application of chapter 13 to transfers by nonresidents not citizens of the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX... generation-skipping trust. Of the property transferred to the trust, property having a value of $200 is... exemption to the trust on a timely filed United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return...

26 CFR 26.2663-2 - Application of chapter 13 to transfers by nonresidents not citizens of the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX... generation-skipping trust. Of the property transferred to the trust, property having a value of $200 is... exemption to the trust on a timely filed United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return...

26 CFR 26.2663-2 - Application of chapter 13 to transfers by nonresidents not citizens of the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX... generation-skipping trust. Of the property transferred to the trust, property having a value of $200 is... exemption to the trust on a timely filed United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return...

26 CFR 26.2663-2 - Application of chapter 13 to transfers by nonresidents not citizens of the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX... generation-skipping trust. Of the property transferred to the trust, property having a value of $200 is... exemption to the trust on a timely filed United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return...

26 CFR 26.2611-1 - Generation-skipping transfer defined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2611... either a direct skip, a taxable distribution, or a taxable termination. See § 26.2612-1 for the definition of these terms. The determination as to whether an event is a GST is made by reference to the most...

7 CFR 42.123 - Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. 42.123 Section 42.123 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING... Procedures § 42.123 Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. EC02SE91.000 Notes: 1. Only normal...

7 CFR 42.123 - Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. 42.123 Section 42.123 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING... Procedures § 42.123 Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. EC02SE91.000 Notes: 1. Only normal...

7 CFR 42.123 - Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. 42.123 Section 42.123 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING... Procedures § 42.123 Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. EC02SE91.000 Notes: 1. Only normal...

7 CFR 42.123 - Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. 42.123 Section 42.123 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING... Procedures § 42.123 Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection. EC02SE91.000 Notes: 1. Only normal...

Sweets, snacking habits, and skipping meals in children and adolescents on intensive insulin treatment.

PubMed

Øverby, N C; Margeirsdottir, H D; Brunborg, C; Dahl-Jørgensen, K; Andersen, L F

2008-08-01

To examine the association between skipping meals and snacking events and dietary and clinical characteristics in children and adolescents using modern insulin treatment. Dietary intake was recorded for 4 d in food diaries in 655 young diabetic patients. Number of meals and snacking events was recorded in a separated questionnaire, while clinical data were obtained from case record forms. Skipping meals refer to consuming a main meal (e.g., breakfast) five times a week or less. Modern insulin treatment may favor a more flexible lifestyle. This study shows that there are fewer young diabetic patients who skip meals than non-diabetic controls (p < 0.001) even when using modern intensified insulin treatment. However, skipping meals among young diabetic patients was associated with negative characteristics such as having suboptimal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (OR 4.7, p = 0.02), higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (OR 4.0, p < 0.001), watching more TV (OR 3.6, p < 0.001), being overweight (OR 2.8, p = 0.03), as well as having a higher intake of added sugar (OR 2.1, p = 0.01) and lower intake of fiber (OR 0.2, p = 0.04) compared with those not skipping meals. Having more than two snacking events during the day was associated with higher HbA1c, higher intake of added sugar and sweets, and spending more hours in front of the TV or personal computer. In general, fewer children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes skip meals compared with healthy peers. Those who skip meals and have more snacking events have poorer glycemic control and less healthy dietary and leisure habits.

Elastic spheres can walk on water.

PubMed

Belden, Jesse; Hurd, Randy C; Jandron, Michael A; Bower, Allan F; Truscott, Tadd T

2016-02-04

Incited by public fascination and engineering application, water-skipping of rigid stones and spheres has received considerable study. While these objects can be coaxed to ricochet, elastic spheres demonstrate superior water-skipping ability, but little is known about the effect of large material compliance on water impact physics. Here we show that upon water impact, very compliant spheres naturally assume a disk-like geometry and dynamic orientation that are favourable for water-skipping. Experiments and numerical modelling reveal that the initial spherical shape evolves as elastic waves propagate through the material. We find that the skipping dynamics are governed by the wave propagation speed and by the ratio of material shear modulus to hydrodynamic pressure. With these insights, we explain why softer spheres skip more easily than stiffer ones. Our results advance understanding of fluid-elastic body interaction during water impact, which could benefit inflatable craft modelling and, more playfully, design of elastic aquatic toys.

Elastic spheres can walk on water

PubMed Central

Belden, Jesse; Hurd, Randy C.; Jandron, Michael A.; Bower, Allan F.; Truscott, Tadd T.

2016-01-01

Incited by public fascination and engineering application, water-skipping of rigid stones and spheres has received considerable study. While these objects can be coaxed to ricochet, elastic spheres demonstrate superior water-skipping ability, but little is known about the effect of large material compliance on water impact physics. Here we show that upon water impact, very compliant spheres naturally assume a disk-like geometry and dynamic orientation that are favourable for water-skipping. Experiments and numerical modelling reveal that the initial spherical shape evolves as elastic waves propagate through the material. We find that the skipping dynamics are governed by the wave propagation speed and by the ratio of material shear modulus to hydrodynamic pressure. With these insights, we explain why softer spheres skip more easily than stiffer ones. Our results advance understanding of fluid-elastic body interaction during water impact, which could benefit inflatable craft modelling and, more playfully, design of elastic aquatic toys. PMID:26842860

75 FR 60145 - PNT Advisory Board; Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-29

... J. Miller, Space Communications and Navigation Program, Space Operations Mission Directorate... NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION [Notice (10-114)] PNT Advisory Board; Meeting AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration. ACTION: Notice of Meeting. SUMMARY: In accordance with the...

77 FR 57010 - Modification of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route Q-62; Northeast United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-17

...; Northeast United States AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY... proposed rulemaking to modify RNAV route Q-62 in Northeast United States by extending it further west (77...

40 CFR 61.243-2 - Alternative standards for valves in VHAP service-skip period leak detection and repair.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... VHAP service-skip period leak detection and repair. 61.243-2 Section 61.243-2 Protection of Environment... AIR POLLUTANTS National Emission Standard for Equipment Leaks (Fugitive Emission Sources) § 61.243-2 Alternative standards for valves in VHAP service—skip period leak detection and repair. (a)(1) An owner or...

40 CFR 264.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 264.1062 Section... Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 264.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or operator subject to...

40 CFR 264.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 264.1062 Section... Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 264.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or operator subject to...

40 CFR 265.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 265.1062 Section... FACILITIES Air Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 265.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or...

40 CFR 264.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 264.1062 Section... Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 264.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or operator subject to...

40 CFR 265.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 265.1062 Section... FACILITIES Air Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 265.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or...

40 CFR 265.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 265.1062 Section... FACILITIES Air Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 265.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or...

40 CFR 264.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 264.1062 Section... Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 264.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or operator subject to...

40 CFR 265.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 265.1062 Section... FACILITIES Air Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 265.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or...

40 CFR 265.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 265.1062 Section... FACILITIES Air Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 265.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or...

40 CFR 264.1062 - Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. 264.1062 Section... Emission Standards for Equipment Leaks § 264.1062 Alternative standards for valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service: skip period leak detection and repair. (a) An owner or operator subject to...

Water walking - an evolution of water surface skipping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hurd, Randy; Belden, Jesse; Jandron, Michael; Bower, Allan; Holekamp, Sean; Truscott, Tadd

2017-11-01

Previous work has shown that elastomeric spheres skip more easily than disk-shaped stones. This is due to increased lift stemming from sphere deformation, which provides an increased cross-sectional area and favorable attack angle upon impact. We extend lift models developed for individual impacts to long-range multiple impact events and compare the estimates to experimental results, which show good agreement. Additionally, a surprising new mode of skipping is observed that resembles water-walking, wherein a quickly rotating sphere produces small successive impacts allowing it to move parallel to the water surface. The dynamics of this new multiple skip behavior are rationalized analytically and tested experimentally.

Antisense-mediated exon skipping: A versatile tool with therapeutic and research applications

PubMed Central

Aartsma-Rus, Annemieke; van Ommen, Gert-Jan B.

2007-01-01

Antisense-mediated modulation of splicing is one of the few fields where antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) have been able to live up to their expectations. In this approach, AONs are implemented to restore cryptic splicing, to change levels of alternatively spliced genes, or, in case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), to skip an exon in order to restore a disrupted reading frame. The latter allows the generation of internally deleted, but largely functional, dystrophin proteins and would convert a severe DMD into a milder Becker muscular dystrophy phenotype. In fact, exon skipping is currently one of the most promising therapeutic tools for DMD, and a successful first-in-man trial has recently been completed. In this review the applicability of exon skipping for DMD and other diseases is described. For DMD AONs have been designed for numerous exons, which has given us insight into their mode of action, splicing in general, and splicing of the DMD gene in particular. In addition, retrospective analysis resulted in guidelines for AON design for DMD and most likely other genes as well. This knowledge allows us to optimize therapeutic exon skipping, but also opens up a range of other applications for the exon skipping approach. PMID:17684229

New scene change control scheme based on pseudoskipped picture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Youngsun; Lee, Jinwhan; Chang, Hyunsik; Nam, Jae Y.

1997-01-01

A new scene change control scheme which improves the video coding performance for sequences that have many scene changed pictures is proposed in this paper. The scene changed pictures except intra-coded picture usually need more bits than normal pictures in order to maintain constant picture quality. The major idea of this paper is how to obtain extra bits which are needed to encode scene changed pictures. We encode a B picture which is located before a scene changed picture like a skipped picture. We call such a B picture as a pseudo-skipped picture. By generating the pseudo-skipped picture like a skipped picture. We call such a B picture as a pseudo-skipped picture. By generating the pseudo-skipped picture, we can save some bits and they are added to the originally allocated target bits to encode the scene changed picture. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves encoding performance about 0.5 to approximately 2.0 dB of PSNR compared to MPEG-2 TM5 rate controls scheme. In addition, the suggested algorithm is compatible with MPEG-2 video syntax and the picture repetition is not recognizable.

Performance Analysis of Stop-Skipping Scheduling Plans in Rail Transit under Time-Dependent Demand

PubMed Central

Cao, Zhichao; Yuan, Zhenzhou; Zhang, Silin

2016-01-01

Stop-skipping is a key method for alleviating congestion in rail transit, where schedules are sometimes difficult to implement. Several mechanisms have been proposed and analyzed in the literature, but very few performance comparisons are available. This study formulated train choice behavior estimation into the model considering passengers’ perception. If a passenger’s train path can be identified, this information would be useful for improving the stop-skipping schedule service. Multi-performance is a key characteristic of our proposed five stop-skipping schedules, but quantified analysis can be used to illustrate the different effects of well-known deterministic and stochastic forms. Problems in the novel category of forms were justified in the context of a single line rather than transit network. We analyzed four deterministic forms based on the well-known A/B stop-skipping operating strategy. A stochastic form was innovatively modeled as a binary integer programming problem. We present a performance analysis of our proposed model to demonstrate that stop-skipping can feasibly be used to improve the service of passengers and enhance the elasticity of train operations under demand variations along with an explicit parametric discussion. PMID:27420087

Performance Analysis of Stop-Skipping Scheduling Plans in Rail Transit under Time-Dependent Demand.

PubMed

Cao, Zhichao; Yuan, Zhenzhou; Zhang, Silin

2016-07-13

Stop-skipping is a key method for alleviating congestion in rail transit, where schedules are sometimes difficult to implement. Several mechanisms have been proposed and analyzed in the literature, but very few performance comparisons are available. This study formulated train choice behavior estimation into the model considering passengers' perception. If a passenger's train path can be identified, this information would be useful for improving the stop-skipping schedule service. Multi-performance is a key characteristic of our proposed five stop-skipping schedules, but quantified analysis can be used to illustrate the different effects of well-known deterministic and stochastic forms. Problems in the novel category of forms were justified in the context of a single line rather than transit network. We analyzed four deterministic forms based on the well-known A/B stop-skipping operating strategy. A stochastic form was innovatively modeled as a binary integer programming problem. We present a performance analysis of our proposed model to demonstrate that stop-skipping can feasibly be used to improve the service of passengers and enhance the elasticity of train operations under demand variations along with an explicit parametric discussion.

Treatment summaries, follow-up care instructions, and patient navigation: could they be combined to improve cancer survivor's receipt of follow-up care?

PubMed

Jabson, Jennifer M

2015-12-01

Cancer survivors require follow-up care to ensure early detection of recurrence, management of late/long term effects, preventive screening for early detection of second primary malignancies, as well as other forms of preventive care. But not all survivors receive necessary follow-up care. Combining survivorship care plans and patient navigation may be a successful strategy to improve survivor's receipt of necessary follow-up care. Using data from the 2010 LIVESTRONG online survey of cancer survivors (N = 3854), this study tested associations between receipt of follow-up care instructions (FCI) and treatment summaries (TS) paired with patient navigation (PN), and survivor's receipt of cancer surveillance, preventive cancer screening, and attendance at regular medical appointments. Survivors who received FCI, TS, and patient navigation were the most likely to report attendance at all medical appointments (aOR 4.17, 95% CI 2.30, 7.57, p ≤ .001) and receipt of preventive cancer screening (aOR 3.56, 95% CI 2.28, 5.55, p ≤ .001). Likelihood of receiving follow-up care was greatest when survivors received FCI, TS, and PN. This pairing appeared to be most beneficial for survivor's attendance at medical appointments and receipt of preventive cancer screening. By improving attendance at medical appointments and prevention cancer screening, pairing SCP and PN could benefit survivors through reduced recurrence, earlier recurrence detection, and prevention of second primaries.

Breakfast skipping as a risk correlate of overweight and obesity in school-going ethnic Fijian adolescent girls

PubMed Central

Thompson-McCormick, Jonas J; Thomas, Jennifer J; Bainivualiku, Asenaca; Khan, A Nisha; Becker, Anne E

2013-01-01

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased globally, and population data suggest that it is also increasing among ethnic Fijian youth. Among numerous behavioural changes contributing to overweight in youth residing in nations undergoing rapid economic and social change, meal skipping has not been examined as a potential risk factor. The study objectives were to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and breakfast skipping and examine their cross-sectional association in a community sample of school-going ethnic Fijian adolescent girls (n=523). We measured height and weight, and assessed dietary patterns, eating pathology, dimensions of acculturation, and other socio-demographic and cultural data by self-report. We observed a high prevalence of both overweight (41%, including 15% who were obese) and breakfast skipping (68%). In addition, in multivariable analyses unadjusted for eating pathology, we found that more frequent breakfast skipping was associated with greater odds of overweight (odds ratio (OR)=1.15, confidence interval (CI)=1.06, 1.26, p<0.01) and obesity (OR=1.18, CI=1.05, 1.33, p<0.01). Regression models adjusting for eating pathology attenuated this relation so that it was non-significant, but demonstrated that greater eating pathology was associated with greater odds of both overweight and obesity. Future research is necessary to clarify the relation among breakfast skipping, eating pathology, and overweight in ethnic Fijian girls, and to identify whether breakfast skipping may be a modifiable risk factor for overweight in this population. PMID:20805082

Relationship between Breakfast Skipping and Obesity among Elderly: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the HEIJO-KYO Study.

PubMed

Otaki, N; Obayashi, K; Saeki, K; Kitagawa, M; Tone, N; Kurumatani, N

2017-01-01

Breakfast skipping is reported to be associated with obesity in children and younger populations; however, few studies report the association among elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between breakfast skipping and obesity prevalence among elderly. Cross-sectional study. Community-dwelling elderly in Nara, Japan. 1052 elderly participants (mean age: 71.6 years). Obesity and breakfast skipping were defined as body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 and skipping breakfast one or more times per week, respectively. Two hundred and seventy-two participants (25.9%) were classified as obese and forty-one (3.9%) were as breakfast skippers. Obesity prevalence was significantly higher in breakfast skippers than in breakfast eaters (43.9% vs. 25.1%, P = 0.007). In multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders (age, sex and alcohol consumption), breakfast skippers showed significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for obesity than breakfast eaters (OR, 2.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.27; P = 0.015), which continued to be significant after further adjustment for socioeconomic status. In addition, breakfast skippers showed significantly lower daily potassium (P <0.001) and dietary fibre intakes (P = 0.001) and lower subjective physical activity (P = 0.035) than breakfast eaters. Breakfast skipping was significantly associated with obesity among elderly. Poor diet quality and physical inactivity may be potential intermediators underlying the association between breakfast skipping and obesity.

Improving cancer care for American Indians with cervical cancer in the Indian Health Service (IHS) system - Navigation may not be enough.

PubMed

Dockery, Lauren E; Motwani, Anita; Ding, Kai; Doescher, Mark; Dvorak, Justin D; Moore, Kathleen N; Holman, Laura L

2018-04-01

Patient navigation programs have been shown to positively impact cancer outcomes for minority populations. Little is known regarding the effects of these programs on American Indian (AI) populations. The purpose of this study is to characterize the impact of a patient navigation program on AI cervical cancer patients at a tertiary care center. A retrospective review of all AI cervical cancer patients receiving navigation services and a cohort of AI patients treated prior to navigation services was performed. Additional comparisons were made between those with and without Indian Health Service (IHS) funding. Summary statistics were used to describe demographic, clinical characteristics, treatment, and survivorship across groups. Of 55 patients identified, 34 received navigation and 21 did not. In navigated patients, median age was 46years (27-80years) compared with 42years (17-68years) in pre-navigation patients (p=0.53). There was no difference between stage at diagnosis (p=0.73). No difference was noted in treatment received between groups (p=0.48). Distance traveled for treatment between groups did not differ (p=0.46). Median time to initiation of treatment was not different between groups, 30.5days vs. 27.5days (p=0.18). Among patients with IHS funding, navigation services did not alter time to initiation of treatment (p=0.57), and there was no difference in completion of prescribed therapy between groups (92% navigated vs 100% pre-navigation). Navigation services for AI cervical cancer patients did not alter initiation or completion of treatment. Navigation programs may provide less tangible benefits to AI cervical cancer patients and further study is warranted. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Enabling cost-effective multimodal trip planners through open transit data : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

Electronic navigation systems are now common : and widely used -- via Internet services, handheld : devices, and devices in vehicles -- to guide drivers : using instructions and maps. Next generation : systems will plan trips by other modes, includin...

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumption with nutrient intake and weight status in children and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

National data comparing nutrient intakes and anthropometric measures in children and adolescents in the United States who skip breakfast or consume different types of breakfasts are limited. The objective was to examine the relationship between breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with ...

Skip trajectory flight of a ramjet-powered hypersonic vehicle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fomin, V. M.; Aulchenko, S. M.; Zvegintsev, V. I.

2010-07-01

Possible skip trajectories of a flying vehicle with a periodically actuated ramjet are numerically simulated. An optimal choice of ramjet actuation areas and duration is demonstrated to ensure the maximum flight range with a given amount of the fuel. The main advantage of skip trajectories is found to be a significant (by an order of magnitude) decrease in thermal loads on the flying vehicle.

Modulating Calcium Signals to Boost AON Exon Skipping for DMD

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

RNA Seq analysis to identify mechanisms of activity and specificity in order to guide discovery of second-generation skipping drugs or combinations...with greater activity. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Exon skipping, Dantrolene, Calcium, Duchenne, Dytrophy, Dystrophin, anti-sense-oligonucleatide, DMD, RNA ...for a subset of very rare mutations. Finally, we hypothesize that by combining chemical genomics with RNA Seq analysis we can begin to identify

Media use as a reason for meal skipping and fast eating in secondary school children.

PubMed

Van den Bulck, J; Eggermont, S

2006-04-01

This study examined self-reported meal skipping and eating faster than usual with the goal of watching television or playing computer games. Respondents reported their media use and indicated how often they skipped a meal to watch a favourite television programme or to play a computer game, and how often they ate faster than usual in order to watch television or play a computer game. Respondents were 2546 adolescents of 13 (first year of secondary school) and 16 years (fourth year of secondary school) of age. About one respondent in 10 skipped at least one meal every week for either television viewing or computer game playing. Weekly meal skipping for television viewing occurs more regularly in boys and first-year students, but particularly in teenagers who view 5 h or more daily (15% of the sample). The category of teenagers who play computer games four times a week or more (25.3% of the sample) is at increased risk of meal skipping; those who play more than four times a week are 10 times more likely weekly to skip a meal. A quarter of the adolescents eat faster at least once a week to be able to watch television or play a computer game. Regardless of gender and school year, teenagers' risk of eating faster progressively increases with their use of the media. Those who watch 4 h or more daily are about seven times more likely to skip a meal for television and those who play computer games at least four times a week are nine times more likely weekly to skip a meal. Unhealthy eating habits can be a side effect of heavy or excessive media use. Teenagers' use of television or game computers during nonworking or out-of-school hours partly displaces the amount of time that needs to be spent at meals. Practitioners and educators may try to encourage or restore a pattern of healthful meal consumption habits by reducing the amount of media use, and by supporting parental rule-making regarding children's eating habits and media use.

Patient Navigation Preferences for Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Services by Distance to Treatment Location.

PubMed

Warner, Echo L; Fowler, Brynn; Pannier, Samantha T; Salmon, Sara K; Fair, Douglas; Spraker-Perlman, Holly; Yancey, Jeffrey; Randall, R Lor; Kirchhoff, Anne C

2018-05-03

To describe how distance to treatment location influences patient navigation preferences for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients and survivors. This study is part of a statewide needs assessment to inform the development of an AYA cancer patient and survivor navigation program. Participants were recruited from outpatient oncology clinics in Utah. Eligible participants had been diagnosed with cancer between ages 15-39 and had completed at least 1 month of treatment. Participants completed a semi-structured interview on preferences for patient navigation. Summary statistics of demographic and cancer characteristics were generated. Thematic content analysis was used to describe navigation preferences among participants classified as distance (≥20 miles) and local (<20 miles), to explain differences in their needs based on distance from their treatment center. The top three patient navigation needs were general information, financial, and emotional support. More local patients were interested in patient navigation services (95.2%) compared to distance participants (77.8%). Fewer local (38.1%) than distance participants (61.1%) reported challenges getting to appointments, and distance patients needed specific financial support to support their travel (e.g., fuel, lodging). Both local and distance patients desired to connect with a navigator in person before using another form of communication and wanted to connect with a patient navigator at the time of initial diagnosis. Distance from treatment center is an important patient navigation consideration for AYA cancer patients and survivors. After initially connecting with AYAs in person, patient navigators can provide resources remotely to help reduce travel burden.

Optimized P2A for reporter gene insertion into Nipah virus results in efficient ribosomal skipping and wild-type lethality.

PubMed

Park, Arnold; Yun, Tatyana; Hill, Terence E; Ikegami, Tetsuro; Juelich, Terry L; Smith, Jennifer K; Zhang, Lihong; Freiberg, Alexander N; Lee, Benhur

2016-04-01

Incorporation of reporter genes within virus genomes is an indispensable tool for interrogation of virus biology and pathogenesis. In previous work, we incorporated a fluorophore into a viral ORF by attaching it to the viral gene via a P2A ribosomal skipping sequence. This recombinant Nipah virus, however, was attenuated in vitro relative to WT virus. In this work, we determined that inefficient ribosomal skipping was a major contributing factor to this attenuation. Inserting a GSG linker before the P2A sequence resulted in essentially complete skipping, significantly improved growth in vitro, and WT lethality in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first time a recombinant virus of Mononegavirales with integration of a reporter into a viral ORF has been compared with the WT virus in vivo. Incorporating the GSG linker for improved skipping efficiency whenever functionally important is a critical consideration for recombinant virus design.

Summary of paper: Area navigation implementation for a microcomputer-based Loran-C receiver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oguri, Fujiko

1987-01-01

The development of an area navigation program and the implementation of this software on a microcomputer-based Loran-C receiver to provide high-quality, practical area navigation information for general aviation are described. This software provides range and bearing angle to a selected waypoint, cross-track error, course deviation indication (CDI), ground speed, and estimated time of arrival at the waypoint. The range/bearing calculation, using an elliptical Earth model, provides very good accuracy; the error does not exceed more than -.012 nm (range) or 0.09 degree (bearing) for a maximum range to 530 nm. The alpha-beta filtering is applied in order to reduce the random noise on Loran-C raw data and in the ground speed calculation. Due to alpha-beta filtering, the ground speed calculation has good stability for constant or low-accelerative flight. The execution time of this software is approximately 0.2 second. Flight testing was done with a prototype Loran-C front-end receiver, with the Loran-C area navigation software demonstrating the ability to provide navigation for the pilot to any point in the Loran-C coverage area in true area navigation fashion without line-of-sight and range restriction typical of VOR area navigation.

A Large Scale Code Resolution Service Network in the Internet of Things

PubMed Central

Yu, Haining; Zhang, Hongli; Fang, Binxing; Yu, Xiangzhan

2012-01-01

In the Internet of Things a code resolution service provides a discovery mechanism for a requester to obtain the information resources associated with a particular product code immediately. In large scale application scenarios a code resolution service faces some serious issues involving heterogeneity, big data and data ownership. A code resolution service network is required to address these issues. Firstly, a list of requirements for the network architecture and code resolution services is proposed. Secondly, in order to eliminate code resolution conflicts and code resolution overloads, a code structure is presented to create a uniform namespace for code resolution records. Thirdly, we propose a loosely coupled distributed network consisting of heterogeneous, independent; collaborating code resolution services and a SkipNet based code resolution service named SkipNet-OCRS, which not only inherits DHT's advantages, but also supports administrative control and autonomy. For the external behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, a novel external behavior mode named QRRA mode is proposed to enhance security and reduce requester complexity. For the internal behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, an improved query algorithm is proposed to increase query efficiency. It is analyzed that integrating SkipNet-OCRS into our resolution service network can meet our proposed requirements. Finally, simulation experiments verify the excellent performance of SkipNet-OCRS. PMID:23202207

Identification of Small Molecule and Genetic Modulators of AON-Induced Dystrophin Exon Skipping by High-Throughput Screening

PubMed Central

O'Leary, Debra A.; Sharif, Orzala; Anderson, Paul; Tu, Buu; Welch, Genevieve; Zhou, Yingyao; Caldwell, Jeremy S.; Engels, Ingo H.; Brinker, Achim

2009-01-01

One therapeutic approach to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) recently entering clinical trials aims to convert DMD phenotypes to that of a milder disease variant, Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD), by employing antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) targeting splice sites, to induce exon skipping and restore partial dystrophin function. In order to search for small molecule and genetic modulators of AON-dependent and independent exon skipping, we screened ∼10,000 known small molecule drugs, >17,000 cDNA clones, and >2,000 kinase- targeted siRNAs against a 5.6 kb luciferase minigene construct, encompassing exon 71 to exon 73 of human dystrophin. As a result, we identified several enhancers of exon skipping, acting on both the reporter construct as well as endogenous dystrophin in mdx cells. Multiple mechanisms of action were identified, including histone deacetylase inhibition, tubulin modulation and pre-mRNA processing. Among others, the nucleolar protein NOL8 and staufen RNA binding protein homolog 2 (Stau2) were found to induce endogenous exon skipping in mdx cells in an AON-dependent fashion. An unexpected but recurrent theme observed in our screening efforts was the apparent link between the inhibition of cell cycle progression and the induction of exon skipping. PMID:20020055

Identification of small molecule and genetic modulators of AON-induced dystrophin exon skipping by high-throughput screening.

PubMed

O'Leary, Debra A; Sharif, Orzala; Anderson, Paul; Tu, Buu; Welch, Genevieve; Zhou, Yingyao; Caldwell, Jeremy S; Engels, Ingo H; Brinker, Achim

2009-12-17

One therapeutic approach to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) recently entering clinical trials aims to convert DMD phenotypes to that of a milder disease variant, Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD), by employing antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) targeting splice sites, to induce exon skipping and restore partial dystrophin function. In order to search for small molecule and genetic modulators of AON-dependent and independent exon skipping, we screened approximately 10,000 known small molecule drugs, >17,000 cDNA clones, and >2,000 kinase- targeted siRNAs against a 5.6 kb luciferase minigene construct, encompassing exon 71 to exon 73 of human dystrophin. As a result, we identified several enhancers of exon skipping, acting on both the reporter construct as well as endogenous dystrophin in mdx cells. Multiple mechanisms of action were identified, including histone deacetylase inhibition, tubulin modulation and pre-mRNA processing. Among others, the nucleolar protein NOL8 and staufen RNA binding protein homolog 2 (Stau2) were found to induce endogenous exon skipping in mdx cells in an AON-dependent fashion. An unexpected but recurrent theme observed in our screening efforts was the apparent link between the inhibition of cell cycle progression and the induction of exon skipping.

A large scale code resolution service network in the Internet of Things.

PubMed

Yu, Haining; Zhang, Hongli; Fang, Binxing; Yu, Xiangzhan

2012-11-07

In the Internet of Things a code resolution service provides a discovery mechanism for a requester to obtain the information resources associated with a particular product code immediately. In large scale application scenarios a code resolution service faces some serious issues involving heterogeneity, big data and data ownership. A code resolution service network is required to address these issues. Firstly, a list of requirements for the network architecture and code resolution services is proposed. Secondly, in order to eliminate code resolution conflicts and code resolution overloads, a code structure is presented to create a uniform namespace for code resolution records. Thirdly, we propose a loosely coupled distributed network consisting of heterogeneous, independent; collaborating code resolution services and a SkipNet based code resolution service named SkipNet-OCRS, which not only inherits DHT’s advantages, but also supports administrative control and autonomy. For the external behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, a novel external behavior mode named QRRA mode is proposed to enhance security and reduce requester complexity. For the internal behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, an improved query algorithm is proposed to increase query efficiency. It is analyzed that integrating SkipNet-OCRS into our resolution service network can meet our proposed requirements. Finally, simulation experiments verify the excellent performance of SkipNet-OCRS.

Skipped words and fixated words are processed differently during reading.

PubMed

Eskenazi, Michael A; Folk, Jocelyn R

2015-04-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether words are processed differently when they are fixated during silent reading than when they are skipped. According to a serial processing model of eye movement control (e.g., EZ Reader) skipped words are fully processed (Reichle, Rayner, Pollatsek, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26(04):445-476, 2003), whereas in a parallel processing model (e.g., SWIFT) skipped words do not need to be fully processed (Engbert, Nuthmann, Richter, Kliegl, Psychological Review, 112(4):777-813, 2005). Participants read 34 sentences with target words embedded in them while their eye movements were recorded. All target words were three-letter, low-frequency, and unpredictable nouns. After the reading session, participants completed a repetition priming lexical decision task with the target words from the reading session included as the repetition prime targets, with presentation of those same words during the reading task acting as the prime. When participants skipped a word during the reading session, their reaction times on the lexical decision task were significantly longer (M = 656.42 ms) than when they fixated the word (M = 614.43 ms). This result provides evidence that skipped words are sometimes not processed to the same degree as fixated words during reading.

National Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Architecture Study [Executive Summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-09-01

This primary objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive workflow to guide Oklahoma DOT to apply the LIDAR technology to landslide monitoring and risk assessment on Oklahoma highways. In addition to the primary objective, this study also ai...

Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia medical students in China.

PubMed

Sun, Juan; Yi, He; Liu, Zhiyue; Wu, Yan; Bian, Jiang; Wu, Yanyan; Eshita, Yuki; Li, Gaimei; Zhang, Qing; Yang, Ying

2013-01-17

Few studies on the breakfast consumption habits of medical students in China have been carried out. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of skipping breakfast and factors associated with skipping breakfast among medical students in Inner Mongolia of China, and to assist in the design of interventions to improve breakfast consumption habits of medical college students in this region. From December 2010 to January 2011 a cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students in the Inner Mongolia Medical College using a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of skipping breakfast in relation to lifestyle habits was described and factors associated with breakfast consumption were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of skipping breakfast was 41.7% and 23.5% for males and females, respectively. The Faculty of Medicine Information Management had the highest breakfast skipping prevalence. Logistic regression models found that the main factors associated with breakfast consumption habits among medical students were gender, class years of education, monthly expenses, faculty, appetite, sleeping quality, and the learning process; monthly expenses, sleeping quality, and the learning process showed a dose-dependent relationship. Breakfast consumption was associated with many factors, most importantly monthly expenses, sleeping quality and the learning process. The prevalence of skipping breakfast is significantly higher compared recently reported figures for medical students in western countries and other areas of China. Improvement of breakfast education should be considered for students in which higher monthly expenses, poor sleeping quality, or a laborious learning process have been identified.

Fuel storage tanks at FAA facilities : Order 1050.15A : executive summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-04-30

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has over 4,000 fuel storage tanks (FST) in its inventory. Most of these FSTs are underground storage tanks (UST) that contain fuel for emergency backup generators providing secondary power to air navigational...

Live-cell imaging visualizes frequent mitotic skipping during senescence-like growth arrest in mammary carcinoma cells exposed to ionizing radiation.

PubMed

Suzuki, Masatoshi; Yamauchi, Motohiro; Oka, Yasuyoshi; Suzuki, Keiji; Yamashita, Shunichi

2012-06-01

Senescence-like growth arrest in human solid carcinomas is now recognized as the major outcome of radiotherapy. This study was designed to analyze cell cycle during the process of senescence-like growth arrest in mammary carcinoma cells exposed to X-rays. Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicators were introduced into the human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Cell cycle was sequentially monitored by live-cell imaging for up to 5 days after exposure to 10 Gy of X-rays. Live-cell imaging revealed that cell cycle transition from G2 to G1 phase without mitosis, so-called mitotic skipping, was observed in 17.1% and 69.8% of G1- and G2-irradiated cells, respectively. Entry to G1 phase was confirmed by the nuclear accumulation of mKO(2)-hCdt1 as well as cyclin E, which was inversely correlated to the accumulation of G2-specific markers such as mAG-hGeminin and CENP-F. More than 90% of cells skipping mitosis were persistently arrested in G1 phase and showed positive staining for the senescent biochemical marker, which is senescence-associated ß-galactosidase, indicating induction of senescence-like growth arrest accompanied by mitotic skipping. While G2 irradiation with higher doses of X-rays induced mitotic skipping in approximately 80% of cells, transduction of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for p53 significantly suppressed mitotic skipping, suggesting that ionizing radiation-induced mitotic skipping is associated with p53 function. The present study found the pathway of senescence-like growth arrest in G1 phase without mitotic entry following G2-irradiation. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Precursor processes of human self-initiated action.

PubMed

Khalighinejad, Nima; Schurger, Aaron; Desantis, Andrea; Zmigrod, Leor; Haggard, Patrick

2018-01-15

A gradual buildup of electrical potential over motor areas precedes self-initiated movements. Recently, such "readiness potentials" (RPs) were attributed to stochastic fluctuations in neural activity. We developed a new experimental paradigm that operationalized self-initiated actions as endogenous 'skip' responses while waiting for target stimuli in a perceptual decision task. We compared these to a block of trials where participants could not choose when to skip, but were instead instructed to skip. Frequency and timing of motor action were therefore balanced across blocks, so that conditions differed only in how the timing of skip decisions was generated. We reasoned that across-trial variability of EEG could carry as much information about the source of skip decisions as the mean RP. EEG variability decreased more markedly prior to self-initiated compared to externally-triggered skip actions. This convergence suggests a consistent preparatory process prior to self-initiated action. A leaky stochastic accumulator model could reproduce this convergence given the additional assumption of a systematic decrease in input noise prior to self-initiated actions. Our results may provide a novel neurophysiological perspective on the topical debate regarding whether self-initiated actions arise from a deterministic neurocognitive process, or from neural stochasticity. We suggest that the key precursor of self-initiated action may manifest as a reduction in neural noise. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effect of innovative building design on physical activity.

PubMed

Nicoll, Gayle; Zimring, Craig

2009-01-01

Stair climbing can be a low-cost and relatively accessible way to add everyday physical activity, but many building stairwells are inaccessible or unpleasant and elevators are far more convenient. This study explores the use of and attitude toward stairs in an innovative office building where the main elevators for able-bodied users stop only at every third floor ("skip-stop" elevators). These users are expected to walk up or down nearby stairs that have been made open and appealing ("skip-stop" stairs). The study takes advantage of a natural experiment. Some workers' offices were clustered around the skip-stop elevator and the stairs, whereas others had access to a traditional elevator core, that is, an elevator that stopped at each floor with nearby fire exit stairs. Stair use on the open skip-stop stairs and enclosed fire stairs was measured using infrared monitors and card-reader activity logs. An online survey of employees (N=299, a 17.4% response rate) gathered information on stair use and attitudes and behaviors toward physical activity; interviews with key personnel identified major implementation issues. The skip-stop stair was used 33 times more than the enclosed stair of the traditional elevator core, with 72% of survey participants reporting daily stair use. Although implementation issues related to organizational objectives, costs, security, barrier-free accessibility, and building codes exist, the skip-stop feature offers a successful strategy for increasing stair use in workplaces.

Immortalized Muscle Cell Model to Test the Exon Skipping Efficacy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Quynh

2017-01-01

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal genetic disorder that most commonly results from mutations disrupting the reading frame of the dystrophin (DMD) gene. Among the therapeutic approaches employed, exon skipping using antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) is one of the most promising strategies. This strategy aims to restore the reading frame, thus producing a truncated, yet functioning dystrophin protein. In 2016, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conditionally approved the first AO-based drug, eteplirsen (Exondys 51), developed for DMD exon 51 skipping. An accurate and reproducible method to quantify exon skipping efficacy is essential for evaluating the therapeutic potential of different AOs sequences. However, previous in vitro screening studies have been hampered by the limited proliferative capacity and insufficient amounts of dystrophin expressed by primary muscle cell lines that have been the main system used to evaluate AOs sequences. In this paper, we illustrate the challenges associated with primary muscle cell lines and describe a novel approach that utilizes immortalized cell lines to quantitatively evaluate the exon skipping efficacy in in vitro studies. PMID:29035327

78 FR 50322 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Point Thomson, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-19

... Area Navigation (RNAV) Global Positioning System (GPS) standard instrument approach procedures have been established at the airport. This action enhances the safety and management of aircraft operations... Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action modifies the airspace at Point...

Evaluation of the Shuttle GN&C during powered ascent flight phase. [Guidance Navigation and Control equipment system design and flight tests

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Olson, L.; Sunkel, J. W.

1982-01-01

An overview of the ascent trajectory and GN&C (guidance, navigation, and control) system design is followed by a summary of flight test results for the ascent phase of STS-1. The most notable variance from nominal pre-flight predictions was the lofted trajectory observed in first stage due to an unanticipated shift in pitch aerodynamic characteristics from those predicted by wind tunnel tests. The GN&C systems performed as expected on STS-1 throughout powered flight. Following a discussion of the software constants changed for Flight 2 to provide adequate performance margin, a summary of test results from STS-2 and STS-3 is presented. Vehicle trajectory response and GN&C system behavior were very similar to STS-1. Ascent aerodynamic characteristics extracted from the first two test flights were included in the data base used to design the first stage steering and pitch trim profiles for STS-3.

Fire Safety

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... able to reliably rescue themselves. Know What to Do in a Fire Test any closed doors with ...

Precession and circularization of elliptical space-tether motion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chapel, Jim D.; Grosserode, Patrick

1993-01-01

In this paper, we present a simplified analytic model for predicting motion of long space tethers. The perturbation model developed here addresses skip rope motion, where each end of the tether is held in place and the middle of the tether swings with a motion similar to that of a child's skip rope. If the motion of the tether midpoint is elliptical rather than circular, precession of the ellipse complicates the procedures required to damp this motion. The simplified analytic model developed in this paper parametrically predicts the precession of elliptical skip rope motion. Furthermore, the model shows that elliptic skip rope motion will circularize when damping is present in the longitudinal direction. Compared with high-fidelity simulation results, this simplified model provides excellent predictions of these phenomena.

Improving Family Communications

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... do the same. More Tips To Improve Communication Do Give clear, age-appropriate directions such as, "When ...

Sleep Apnea Detection

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... the night Sleepiness during the day Difficulty paying attention Behavior problems If you notice any of these ...

Navigation and EDL for the Mars Exploration Rovers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watkins, Michael M.; Han, Dongsuk

2006-01-01

A viewgraph presentation on Deep Space Navigation, and Entry, Decent, and Landing (EDL) for Mars Exploration Rovers is shown. The contents include: 1) JPL Spacecraft Operating across the Solar System; 2) 2003 - 2004: The Busiest Period in JPL's History; 3) Deep Space Navigation Will Enable Many of the New NASA Missions; 4) What Exactly is Navigation vs. GNC for Deep Space?; 5) Cruise and Approach: Why is Deep Space Navigation So Difficult?; 6) Project Importance of GNC: Landing Site Selection; 7) Planetary Communications and Tracking; 8) Tracking Data Types; 9) Delta Differential One-Way Range (deltaDOR); 10) All Solutions Leading up to TCM-4 Design; 11) Entry Flight Path Sensitivities; 12) MER Navigation Results; 13) Atmospheric Entry Targeting and Delivery; 14) Landing Ellipse Orientation; 15) MER Landing Site Trade Example; 16) Entry, Descent and Landing: Entry Guidance or What Things Do We NOT do for MER Landings (but we will later...); 17) Entering Martian Space 8:29 p.m. PST (ERT); 18) Entry, Descent and Landing; 19) Entry, Descent and Landing: Terminal Guidance; 20) The Challenge Going from 12,000 mph to Zero in Less Than Six Minutes; 21) Spirit Landing Location; 22) Entry, Descent and Landing: The Future; 23) Powered Descent Time-Line; and 24) Updated Sky Crane Maneuver Description. A short summary is also given on planetary guidance, navigation and control as it pertains to EDL systems

Histone hyperacetylation and exon skipping: a calcium-mediated dynamic regulation in cardiomyocytes

PubMed Central

Sharma, Alok; Nguyen, Hieu; Cai, Lu; Lou, Hua

2015-01-01

In contrast to cell type-specific pre-mRNA alternative splicing, mechanisms controlling activity-dependent alternative splicing is under-studied and not well understood. In a recent study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of calcium-mediated mechanism that regulates alternative exon skipping in mouse cardiomyocytes. Our results reveal a strong link between histone hyperacetylation and skipping of cassette exons, and provide support to the kinetic coupling model of the epigenetic regulation of alternative splicing at the chromatin level. PMID:26325491

Psychosocial, behavioural, pedagogical, and nutritional proposals about how to encourage eating a healthy breakfast

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Even if more and more evidences have highlighted the importance of breakfast in the growth and development of children, from 10 to 30% of US and European children and adolescents regularly skip breakfast. Thus, there is still a lot to be done before breakfast becomes a daily habit. The aim of this paper is to try and understand how it is possible to overcome the real or imaginary difficulties associated with skipping breakfast by psychosocial, behavioural, pedagogical and nutritional proposals. Discussion Schools are the best context where perform healthy interventions because it is here that children learn about the importance of good health at an age when the school still plays a major role in their education. Some school interventions, based on solid theories as the Self Determination Theory and the Behaviour Analysis, have been implemented in the last years to promote health behaviour such as intake of fruit and vegetables and physical activities. Cognitive behaviour therapy is the most closely monitored type of treatment/cure for obesity in randomised controlled trials. Moreover some associations such as the National Association of Food Science Specialists have drawn an own method to encourage food education at school and promote the importance of prevention. These projects could be used as starting point to perform interventions focus on breakfast. Summary Increase the consumption of breakfast between children is very important. Efforts should be done to drawn new school projects based on scientific-evidences. PMID:25125024

Assessing the residual CFTR gene expression in human nasal epithelium cells bearing CFTR splicing mutations causing cystic fibrosis

PubMed Central

Masvidal, Laia; Igreja, Susana; Ramos, Maria D; Alvarez, Antoni; de Gracia, Javier; Ramalho, Anabela; Amaral, Margarida D; Larriba, Sara; Casals, Teresa

2014-01-01

The major purpose of the present study was to quantify correctly spliced CFTR transcripts in human nasal epithelial cells from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients carrying the splicing mutations c.580-1G>T (712-1G>T) and c.2657+5G>A (2789+5G>A) and to assess the applicability of this model in CFTR therapeutic approaches. We performed the relative quantification of CFTR mRNA by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of these splicing mutations in four groups (wild type, CF-F508del controls, CF patients and CF carriers) of individuals. In addition, in vitro assays using minigene constructs were performed to evaluate the effect of a new CF complex allele c.[2657+5G>A; 2562T>G]. Ex vivo qPCR data show that the primary consequence of both mutations at the RNA level is the skipping of their neighboring exon (6 and 16, respectively). The CFTR minigenes results mimicked the ex vivo data, as exon 16 skipping is the main aberrant transcript, and the correctly spliced transcript level was observed in a similar proportion when the c.2657+5G>A mutation is present. In summary, we provide evidence that ex vivo quantitative transcripts analysis using RT/qPCR is a robust technology that could be useful for measuring the efficacy of therapeutic approaches that attempt to achieve an increase in CFTR gene expression. PMID:24129438

Behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of regret in rat decision-making on a neuroeconomic task

PubMed Central

Steiner, Adam P.; Redish, A. David

2014-01-01

Summary Disappointment entails the recognition that one did not get the value one expected. In contrast, regret entails the recognition that an alternate (counterfactual) action would have produced a more valued outcome. Thus, the key to identifying regret is the representation of that counterfactual option in situations in which a mistake has been made. In humans, the orbitofrontal cortex is active during expressions of regret, and humans with damage to the orbitofrontal cortex do not express regret. In rats and non-human primates, both the orbitofrontal cortex and the ventral striatum have been implicated in decision-making, particularly in representations of expectations of reward. In order to examine representations of regretful situations, we recorded neural ensembles from orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum in rats encountering a spatial sequence of wait/skip choices for delayed delivery of different food flavors. We were able to measure preferences using an economic framework. Rats occasionally skipped low-cost choices and then encountered a high-cost choice. This sequence economically defines a potential regret-inducing instance. In these situations, rats looked backwards towards the lost option, the cells within the orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum represented that missed action, rats were more likely to wait for the long delay, and rats rushed through eating the food after that delay. That these situations drove rats to modify their behavior suggests that regret-like processes modify decision-making in non-human mammals. PMID:24908102

What Is a Neonatologist?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... care during your pregnancy. What Kind of Training Do Neonatologists Have? Neonatologists are medical doctors who have ...

Angles-only navigation for autonomous orbital rendezvous

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woffinden, David C.

The proposed thesis of this dissertation has both a practical element and theoretical component which aim to answer key questions related to the use of angles-only navigation for autonomous orbital rendezvous. The first and fundamental principle to this work argues that an angles-only navigation filter can determine the relative position and orientation (pose) between two spacecraft to perform the necessary maneuvers and close proximity operations for autonomous orbital rendezvous. Second, the implementation of angles-only navigation for on-orbit applications is looked upon with skeptical eyes because of its perceived limitation of determining the relative range between two vehicles. This assumed, yet little understood subtlety can be formally characterized with a closed-form analytical observability criteria which specifies the necessary and sufficient conditions for determining the relative position and velocity with only angular measurements. With a mathematical expression of the observability criteria, it can be used to (1) identify the orbital rendezvous trajectories and maneuvers that ensure the relative position and velocity are observable for angles-only navigation, (2) quantify the degree or level of observability and (3) compute optimal maneuvers that maximize observability. In summary, the objective of this dissertation is to provide both a practical and theoretical foundation for the advancement of autonomous orbital rendezvous through the use of angles-only navigation.

TDRS-M NASA Social

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-08-17

Social media gather in Kennedy Space Center’s Press Site auditorium for a briefing focused on preparations to launch NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-M. The latest spacecraft destined for the agency's constellation of communications satellites, TDRS-M will allow nearly continuous contact with orbiting spacecraft ranging from the International Space Station and Hubble Space Telescope to the array of scientific observatories. Liftoff atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket is scheduled to take place from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at 8:03 a.m. EDT Aug. 18. NASA Social Media Team includes: Emily Furfaro and Amber Jacobson. Guest speakers include: Badri Younes, Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Communications and Navigation at NASA Headquarters in Washington; Dave Littmann, Project Manager for TDRS-M at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center; Neil Mallik, NASA Deputy Network Director for Human Spaceflight; Nicole Mann, NASA Astronaut; Steve Bowen, NASA Astronaut; Skip Owen, NASA Launch Services; Scott Messer, United Launch Alliance Program Manager for NASA Missions.

Age-Specific Patient Navigation Preferences Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer.

PubMed

Pannier, Samantha T; Warner, Echo L; Fowler, Brynn; Fair, Douglas; Salmon, Sara K; Kirchhoff, Anne C

2017-11-23

Patient navigation is increasingly being directed at adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients. This study provides a novel description of differences in AYA cancer patients' preferences for navigation services by developmental age at diagnosis. Eligible patients were diagnosed with cancer between ages 15 and 39 and had completed at least 1 month of treatment. Between October 2015 and January 2016, patients completed semi-structured interviews about navigation preferences. Summary statistics of demographic and cancer characteristics were generated. Differences in patient navigation preferences were examined through qualitative analyses by developmental age at diagnosis. AYAs were interviewed (adolescents 15-18 years N = 8; emerging adults 19-25 years N = 8; young adults 26-39 years N = 23). On average, participants were 4.5 years from diagnosis. All age groups were interested in face-to-face connection with a navigator and using multiple communication platforms (phone, text, email) to follow-up. Three of the most frequently cited needs were insurance, finances, and information. AYAs differed in support, healthcare, and resource preferences by developmental age; only adolescents preferred educational support. While all groups preferred financial and family support, the specific type of assistance (medical versus living expenses, partner/spouse, child, or parental assistance) varied by age group. AYAs with cancer have different preferences for patient navigation by developmental age at diagnosis. AYAs are not a one-size-fits-all population, and navigation programs can better assist AYAs when services are targeted to appropriate developmental ages. Future research should examine fertility and navigation preferences by time since diagnosis. While some navigation needs to span the AYA age range, other needs are specific to developmental age.

What Is a Pediatric Endocrinologist?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... and the teen years. What Kind of Training Do Pediatric Endocrinologists Have? Pediatric endocrinologists are medical doctors ...

What Is a Pediatric Urologist?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... to treat your child. What Kind of Training Do Pediatric Urologists Have? Pediatric urologists are medical doctors ...

Emotional Development: 1 Year Olds

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... her regain her composure is to give her attention and reassurance when she needs it. Snapping at ...

76 FR 79563 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; Sheridan, WY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-22

...: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to amend Class E airspace at Sheridan County Airport, Sheridan, WY. Decommissioning of the Sheridan Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN) has made this action necessary for the safety and...

78 FR 48298 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Commerce, TX

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-08

...-0269; Airspace Docket No. 13-ASW-3] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Commerce, TX AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action amends Class E airspace at Commerce, TX. Additional controlled airspace is necessary to accommodate new Area Navigation (RNAV...

What Is a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialist?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... through the teen years. What Kind of Training Do Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialists Have? Pediatric infectious diseases ...

How to Keep Your Sleeping Baby Safe

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... any of the recommendations listed. What You Can Do: Recommendations for Infant Sleep Safety Until their first ...

What Is a Pediatric Critical Care Specialist?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... offered in the PICU. What Kind of Training Do Pediatric Critical Care Specialists Have? Pediatric critical care ...

SKIP Is a Component of the Spliceosome Linking Alternative Splicing and the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis[W

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaoxue; Wu, Fangming; Xie, Qiguang; Wang, Huamei; Wang, Ying; Yue, Yanling; Gahura, Ondrej; Ma, Shuangshuang; Liu, Lei; Cao, Ying; Jiao, Yuling; Puta, Frantisek; McClung, C. Robertson; Xu, Xiaodong; Ma, Ligeng

2012-01-01

Circadian clocks generate endogenous rhythms in most organisms from cyanobacteria to humans and facilitate entrainment to environmental diurnal cycles, thus conferring a fitness advantage. Both transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms are prominent in the basic network architecture of circadian systems. Posttranscriptional regulation, including mRNA processing, is emerging as a critical step for clock function. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms linking RNA metabolism to the circadian clock network. Here, we report that a conserved SNW/Ski-interacting protein (SKIP) domain protein, SKIP, a splicing factor and component of the spliceosome, is involved in posttranscriptional regulation of circadian clock genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutation in SKIP lengthens the circadian period in a temperature-sensitive manner and affects light input and the sensitivity of the clock to light resetting. SKIP physically interacts with the spliceosomal splicing factor Ser/Arg-rich protein45 and associates with the pre-mRNA of clock genes, such as PSEUDORESPONSE REGULATOR7 (PRR7) and PRR9, and is necessary for the regulation of their alternative splicing and mRNA maturation. Genome-wide investigations reveal that SKIP functions in regulating alternative splicing of many genes, presumably through modulating recognition or cleavage of 5′ and 3′ splice donor and acceptor sites. Our study addresses a fundamental question on how the mRNA splicing machinery contributes to circadian clock function at a posttranscriptional level. PMID:22942380

Skipping meals and alcohol consumption. The regulation of energy intake and expenditure among weight loss participants.

PubMed

Carels, Robert A; Young, Kathleen M; Coit, Carissa; Clayton, Anna Marie; Spencer, Alexis; Wagner, Marissa

2008-11-01

Research suggests that specific eating patterns (e.g., eating breakfast) may be related to favorable weight status. This investigation examined the relationship between eating patterns (i.e., skipping meals; consuming alcohol) and weight loss treatment outcomes (weight loss, energy intake, energy expenditure, and duration of exercise). Fifty-four overweight or obese adults (BMI> or =27 kg/m(2)) participated in a self-help or therapist-assisted weight loss program. Daily energy intake from breakfast, lunch, dinner, and alcoholic beverages, total daily energy intake, total daily energy expenditure, physical activity, and weekly weight loss were assessed. On days that breakfast or dinner was skipped, or alcoholic beverages were not consumed, less total daily energy was consumed compared to days that breakfast, dinner, or alcoholic beverages were consumed. On days that breakfast or alcohol was consumed, daily energy expenditure (breakfast only) and duration of exercise were higher compared to days that breakfast or alcohol was not consumed. Individuals who skipped dinner or lunch more often had lower energy expenditure and exercise duration than individuals who skipped dinner or lunch less often. Individuals who consumed alcohol more often had high daily energy expenditure than individuals who consumed alcohol less often. Skipping meals or consuming alcoholic beverages was not associated with weekly weight loss. In this investigation, weight loss program participants may have compensated for excess energy intake from alcoholic beverages and meals with greater daily energy expenditure and longer exercise duration.

Effect of physical workload and modality of information presentation on pattern recognition and navigation task performance by high-fit young males.

PubMed

Zahabi, Maryam; Zhang, Wenjuan; Pankok, Carl; Lau, Mei Ying; Shirley, James; Kaber, David

2017-11-01

Many occupations require both physical exertion and cognitive task performance. Knowledge of any interaction between physical demands and modalities of cognitive task information presentation can provide a basis for optimising performance. This study examined the effect of physical exertion and modality of information presentation on pattern recognition and navigation-related information processing. Results indicated males of equivalent high fitness, between the ages of 18 and 34, rely more on visual cues vs auditory or haptic for pattern recognition when exertion level is high. We found that navigation response time was shorter under low and medium exertion levels as compared to high intensity. Navigation accuracy was lower under high level exertion compared to medium and low levels. In general, findings indicated that use of the haptic modality for cognitive task cueing decreased accuracy in pattern recognition responses. Practitioner Summary: An examination was conducted on the effect of physical exertion and information presentation modality in pattern recognition and navigation. In occupations requiring information presentation to workers, who are simultaneously performing a physical task, the visual modality appears most effective under high level exertion while haptic cueing degrades performance.

Antisense Oligonucleotide-mediated Exon Skipping as a Systemic Therapeutic Approach for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa.

PubMed

Bremer, Jeroen; Bornert, Olivier; Nyström, Alexander; Gostynski, Antoni; Jonkman, Marcel F; Aartsma-Rus, Annemieke; van den Akker, Peter C; Pasmooij, Anna Mg

2016-10-18

The "generalized severe" form of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB-gen sev) is caused by bi-allelic null mutations in COL7A1, encoding type VII collagen. The absence of type VII collagen leads to blistering of the skin and mucous membranes upon the slightest trauma. Because most patients carry exonic point mutations or small insertions/deletions, most exons of COL7A1 are in-frame, and low levels of type VII collagen already drastically improve the disease phenotype, this gene seems a perfect candidate for antisense oligonucleotide (AON)-mediated exon skipping. In this study, we examined the feasibility of AON-mediated exon skipping in vitro in primary cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and systemically in vivo using a human skin-graft mouse model. We show that treatment with AONs designed against exon 105 leads to in-frame exon 105 skipping at the RNA level and restores type VII collagen protein production in vitro. Moreover, we demonstrate that systemic delivery in vivo induces de novo expression of type VII collagen in skin grafts generated from patient cells. Our data demonstrate strong proof-of-concept for AON-mediated exon skipping as a systemic therapeutic strategy for RDEB.

Skimming and Skipping Stones

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Humble, Steve

2007-01-01

This article presents an example of skimming and skipping stone motion in mathematical terms available to students studying A-level mathematics. The theory developed in the article postulates a possible mathematical model that is verified by experimental results.

What is the Best Way to Treat Diarrhea?

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... starts making normal amounts of urine again. Reminder–Do's and Don'ts Do Watch for signs of ...

Safety for Your Child: Birth to 6 Months

MedlinePlus

... mode Turn off more accessible mode Skip Ribbon Commands Skip to main content Turn off Animations Turn ... seat, will behave better, so you can pay attention to your driving. Make your newborn’s first ride ...

76 FR 18378 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; Taylor, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-04

...-1189; Airspace Docket No. 10-AWP-19] Amendment of Class E Airspace; Taylor, AZ AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action will amend Class E airspace at Taylor Airport, Taylor, AZ, to accommodate aircraft using the CAMBO One Departure, and the Area Navigation (RNAV...

76 FR 30202 - National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Advisory Board; Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-24

.... ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: In accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463... Positioning System (GPS) modernization. Explore opportunities for enhancing the interoperability of GPS with.... Prioritize current and planned GPS capabilities and services while assessing future PNT architecture options...

78 FR 24697 - Inland Waterways Navigation Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-26

... rulemaking. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard proposes to exempt vessels under 20 meters (65 feet) in length operating.... Coast Guard Sector Sault Sainte Marie, 337 E. Water Street, Sault Sainte Marie, MI 49783-2021, between 8... rules in Sec. 162.117(g). The VMRS requires users, generally including commercial vessels of 20 meters...

78 FR 40000 - Eighth Coast Guard District Annual Safety Zones; Riverfront Independence Festival Fireworks; Ohio...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-03

...-AA00 Eighth Coast Guard District Annual Safety Zones; Riverfront Independence Festival Fireworks; Ohio.... SUMMARY: The Coast Guard will enforce a Safety Zone for the Riverfront Independence Festival Fireworks on... navigable waters during the Riverfront Independence Festival Fireworks. During the enforcement period, in...

78 FR 48046 - Safety Zone; Kuoni Destination Management Fireworks; San Diego, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-07

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Kuoni Destination Management Fireworks; San Diego, CA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on the navigable..., 2013. This temporary safety zone is necessary to provide for the safety of the participants, crew...

78 FR 54578 - Safety Zone, Tiki Swim; Oceanside Harbor, Oceanside, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-05

...-AA00 Safety Zone, Tiki Swim; Oceanside Harbor, Oceanside, CA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on the navigable waters of..., 2013. This temporary safety zone is necessary to provide for the safety of the participants, crew...

78 FR 78298 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Phoenix, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

...-0956; Airspace Docket No. 13-AWP-17] Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Phoenix, AZ AGENCY... rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to establish Class E airspace at the Phoenix VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range Tactical Air Navigation Aid (VORTAC), Phoenix, AZ, to facilitate vectoring of...

76 FR 37261 - Establishment of Helicopter Area Navigation (RNAV) Routes; Northeast United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-27

...; Northeast United States AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY...) structure and designates two helicopter RNAV routes (TK-routes) in the northeast corridor between the... Register a notice of proposed rulemaking to establish two helicopter RNAV routes in Northeast United States...

75 FR 53870 - Security Zone, Mackinac Bridge, Straits of Mackinac, Michigan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-02

... Zone, Mackinac Bridge, Straits of Mackinac, Michigan AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of enforcement of regulation. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard will enforce the Mackinac Bridge Walk security zone on the... bridge. During the enforcement period, navigational and operational restrictions will be placed on all...

Joint University Program for Air Transportation Research, 1982

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

A summary of the research on air transportation is addressed including navigation; guidance, control and display concepts; and hardware, with special emphasis on applications to general aviation aircraft. Completed works and status reports are presented also included are annotated bibliographies of all published research sponsored on these grants since 1972.

Catalyst-free synthesis of skipped dienes from phosphorus ylides, allylic carbonates, and aldehydes via a one-pot SN2' allylation-Wittig strategy.

PubMed

Xu, Silong; Zhu, Shaoying; Shang, Jian; Zhang, Junjie; Tang, Yuhai; Dou, Jianwei

2014-04-18

A catalyst-free allylic alkylation of stabilized phosphorus ylides with allylic carbonates via a regioselective SN2' process is presented. Subsequent one-pot Wittig reaction with both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes as well as ketenes provides structurally diverse skipped dienes (1,4-dienes) in generally high yields and moderate to excellent stereoselectivity with flexible substituent patterns. This one-pot SN2' allylation-Wittig strategy constitutes a convenient and efficient synthetic method for highly functionalized skipped dienes from readily available starting materials.

In Silico Screening Based on Predictive Algorithms as a Design Tool for Exon Skipping Oligonucleotides in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

PubMed Central

Echigoya, Yusuke; Mouly, Vincent; Garcia, Luis; Yokota, Toshifumi; Duddy, William

2015-01-01

The use of antisense ‘splice-switching’ oligonucleotides to induce exon skipping represents a potential therapeutic approach to various human genetic diseases. It has achieved greatest maturity in exon skipping of the dystrophin transcript in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), for which several clinical trials are completed or ongoing, and a large body of data exists describing tested oligonucleotides and their efficacy. The rational design of an exon skipping oligonucleotide involves the choice of an antisense sequence, usually between 15 and 32 nucleotides, targeting the exon that is to be skipped. Although parameters describing the target site can be computationally estimated and several have been identified to correlate with efficacy, methods to predict efficacy are limited. Here, an in silico pre-screening approach is proposed, based on predictive statistical modelling. Previous DMD data were compiled together and, for each oligonucleotide, some 60 descriptors were considered. Statistical modelling approaches were applied to derive algorithms that predict exon skipping for a given target site. We confirmed (1) the binding energetics of the oligonucleotide to the RNA, and (2) the distance in bases of the target site from the splice acceptor site, as the two most predictive parameters, and we included these and several other parameters (while discounting many) into an in silico screening process, based on their capacity to predict high or low efficacy in either phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (89% correctly predicted) and/or 2’O Methyl RNA oligonucleotides (76% correctly predicted). Predictions correlated strongly with in vitro testing for sixteen de novo PMO sequences targeting various positions on DMD exons 44 (R2 0.89) and 53 (R2 0.89), one of which represents a potential novel candidate for clinical trials. We provide these algorithms together with a computational tool that facilitates screening to predict exon skipping efficacy at each position of a target exon. PMID:25816009

In vivo effects on intron retention and exon skipping by the U2AF large subunit and SF1/BBP in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Ma, Long; Tan, Zhiping; Teng, Yanling; Hoersch, Sebastian; Horvitz, H. Robert

2011-01-01

The in vivo analysis of the roles of splicing factors in regulating alternative splicing in animals remains a challenge. Using a microarray-based screen, we identified a Caenorhabditis elegans gene, tos-1, that exhibited three of the four major types of alternative splicing: intron retention, exon skipping, and, in the presence of U2AF large subunit mutations, the use of alternative 3′ splice sites. Mutations in the splicing factors U2AF large subunit and SF1/BBP altered the splicing of tos-1. 3′ splice sites of the retained intron or before the skipped exon regulate the splicing pattern of tos-1. Our study provides in vivo evidence that intron retention and exon skipping can be regulated largely by the identities of 3′ splice sites. PMID:22033331

Power inverter implementing phase skipping control

DOEpatents

Somani, Utsav; Amirahmadi, Ahmadreza; Jourdan, Charles; Batarseh, Issa

2016-10-18

A power inverter includes a DC/AC inverter having first, second and third phase circuitry coupled to receive power from a power source. A controller is coupled to a driver for each of the first, second and third phase circuitry (control input drivers). The controller includes an associated memory storing a phase skipping control algorithm, wherein the controller is coupled to receive updating information including a power level generated by the power source. The drivers are coupled to control inputs of the first, second and third phase circuitry, where the drivers are configured for receiving phase skipping control signals from the controller and outputting mode selection signals configured to dynamically select an operating mode for the DC/AC inverter from a Normal Control operation and a Phase Skipping Control operation which have different power injection patterns through the first, second and third phase circuitry depending upon the power level.

Testing the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a 'decision navigation' intervention for early stage prostate cancer patients in Scotland--a randomised controlled trial.

PubMed

Hacking, Belinda; Wallace, Louise; Scott, Sarah; Kosmala-Anderson, Joanna; Belkora, Jeffrey; McNeill, Alan

2013-05-01

Does decision navigation (DN) increase prostate cancer patients' confidence and certainty in treatment decisions, while reducing regret associated with the decisions made? Two hundred eighty-nine newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients were eligible. 123 consented and were randomised to usual care (n = 60) or navigation (n = 63). The intervention involved a 'navigator' guiding the patient in creating a personal question list for a consultation and providing a CD and typed summary of the consultation to patients, the general practitioner and physician. The primary outcome was decisional self efficacy. Secondary outcomes included decisional conflict (DCS) and decisional regret (RS). Measures of mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and adjustment (Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale) were included to detect potential adverse effects of the intervention. ANOVA showed a main effect for the group (F = 7.161, df 1, p = 0.009). Post hoc comparisons showed significantly higher decisional self efficacy in the navigated patients post-consultation and 6 months later. Decisional conflict was lower for navigated patients initially (t = 2.005, df = 105, p = 0.047), not at follow-up (t = 1.969, df = 109, p = 0.052). Regret scores were significantly lower in the navigation group compared to the controls 6 months later (t = -2.130, df = 100, p = 0.036). There was no impact of the intervention on mood or adjustment. Compared to control patients, navigated patients were more confident in making decisions about cancer treatment, were more certain they had made the right decision after the consultation and had less regret about their decision 6 months later. Decision navigation was feasible, acceptable and effective for newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients in Scotland. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Comparison of Two Skip Entry Guidance Algorithms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rea, Jeremy R.; Putnam, Zachary R.

2007-01-01

The Orion capsule vehicle will have a Lift-to-Drag ratio (L/D) of 0.3-0.35. For an Apollo-like direct entry into the Earth's atmosphere from a lunar return trajectory, this L/D will give the vehicle a maximum range of about 2500 nm and a maximum crossrange of 216 nm. In order to y longer ranges, the vehicle lift must be used to loft the trajectory such that the aerodynamic forces are decreased. A Skip-Trajectory results if the vehicle leaves the sensible atmosphere and a second entry occurs downrange of the atmospheric exit point. The Orion capsule is required to have landing site access (either on land or in water) inside the Continental United States (CONUS) for lunar returns anytime during the lunar month. This requirement means the vehicle must be capable of flying ranges of at least 5500 nm. For the L/D of the vehicle, this is only possible with the use of a guided Skip-Trajectory. A skip entry guidance algorithm is necessary to achieve this requirement. Two skip entry guidance algorithms have been developed: the Numerical Skip Entry Guidance (NSEG) algorithm was developed at NASA/JSC and PredGuid was developed at Draper Laboratory. A comparison of these two algorithms will be presented in this paper. Each algorithm has been implemented in a high-fidelity, 6 degree-of-freedom simulation called the Advanced NASA Technology Architecture for Exploration Studies (ANTARES). NASA and Draper engineers have completed several monte carlo analyses in order to compare the performance of each algorithm in various stress states. Each algorithm has been tested for entry-to-target ranges to include direct entries and skip entries of varying length. Dispersions have been included on the initial entry interface state, vehicle mass properties, vehicle aerodynamics, atmosphere, and Reaction Control System (RCS). Performance criteria include miss distance to the target, RCS fuel usage, maximum g-loads and heat rates for the first and second entry, total heat load, and control system saturation. The comparison of the performance criteria has led to a down select and guidance merger that will take the best ideas from each algorithm to create one skip entry guidance algorithm for the Orion vehicle.

Computer-Assisted Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. Navigation and Active Robotic Systems

PubMed Central

2004-01-01

Executive Summary Objective The Medical Advisory Secretariat undertook a review of the evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of computer assisted hip and knee arthroplasty. The two computer assisted arthroplasty systems that are the topics of this review are (1) navigation and (2) robotic-assisted hip and knee arthroplasty. The Technology Computer-assisted arthroplasty consists of navigation and robotic systems. Surgical navigation is a visualization system that provides positional information about surgical tools or implants relative to a target bone on a computer display. Most of the navigation-assisted arthroplasty devices that are the subject of this review are licensed by Health Canada. Robotic systems are active robots that mill bone according to information from a computer-assisted navigation system. The robotic-assisted arthroplasty devices that are the subject of this review are not currently licensed by Health Canada. Review Strategy The Cochrane and International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment databases did not identify any health technology assessments on navigation or robotic-assisted hip or knee arthroplasty. The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published between January 1, 1996 and November 30, 2003. This search produced 367 studies, of which 9 met the inclusion criteria. Summary of Findings Navigation-Assisted Arthroplasty Five studies were identified that examined navigation-assisted arthroplasty. A Level 1 evidence study from Germany found a statistically significant difference in alignment and angular deviation between navigation-assisted and free-hand total knee arthroplasty in favour of navigation-assisted surgery. However, the endpoints in this study were short-term. To date, the long-term effects (need for revision, implant longevity, pain, functional performance) are unknown.(1) A Level 2 evidence short-term study found that navigation-assisted total knee arthroplasty was significantly better than a non-navigated procedure for one of five postoperative measured angles.(2) A Level 2 evidence short-term study found no statistically significant difference in the variation of the abduction angle between navigation-assisted and conventional total hip arthroplasty.(3) Level 3 evidence observational studies of navigation-assisted total knee arthroplasty and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty have been conducted. Two studies reported that “the follow-up of the navigated prostheses is currently too short to know if clinical outcome or survival rates are improved. Longer follow-up is required to determine the respective advantages and disadvantages of both techniques.”(4;5) Robotic-Assisted Arthroplasty Four studies were identified that examined robotic-assisted arthroplasty. A Level 1 evidence study revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between functional hip scores at 24 months post implantation between patients who underwent robotic-assisted primary hip arthroplasty and those that were treated with manual implantation.(6) Robotic-assisted arthroplasty had advantages in terms of preoperative planning and the accuracy of the intraoperative procedure.(6) Patients who underwent robotic-assisted hip arthroplasty had a higher dislocation rate and more revisions.(6) Robotic-assisted arthroplasty may prove effective with certain prostheses (e.g., anatomic) because their use may result in less muscle detachment.(6) An observational study (Level 3 evidence) found that the incidence of severe embolic events during hip relocation was lower with robotic arthroplasty than with manual surgery.(7) An observational study (Level 3 evidence) found that there was no significant difference in gait analyses of patients who underwent robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty using robotic surgery compared to patients who were treated with conventional cementless total hip arthroplasty.(8) An observational study (Level 3 evidence) compared outcomes of total knee arthroplasty between patients undergoing robotic surgery and patients who were historical controls. Brief, qualitative results suggested that there was much broader variation of angles after manual total knee arthroplasty compared to the robotic technique and that there was no difference in knee functional scores or implant position at the 3 and 6 month follow-up.(9) PMID:23074452

Development of the Community Health Improvement Navigator Database of Interventions

PubMed Central

Roy, Brita; Stanojevich, Joel; Stange, Paul; Jiwani, Nafisa; King, Raymond; Koo, Denise

2016-01-01

Summary With the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the requirements for hospitals to achieve tax-exempt status include performing a triennial community health needs assessment and developing a plan to address identified needs. To address community health needs, multisector collaborative efforts to improve both health care and non–health care determinants of health outcomes have been the most effective and sustainable. In 2015, CDC released the Community Health Improvement Navigator to facilitate the development of these efforts. This report describes the development of the database of interventions included in the Community Health Improvement Navigator. The database of interventions allows the user to easily search for multisector, collaborative, evidence-based interventions to address the underlying causes of the greatest morbidity and mortality in the United States: tobacco use and exposure, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. PMID:26917110

CERT TST December 2015 Visit Summary

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Little, Robert Currier; Bailey, Teresa S.; Gamblin, G. Todd

2016-01-25

The annual PSAAP II TST visit to Texas A&M’s CERT Center was held on December 1-3, 2015. The agenda for the visit is attached. Non-TAMU attendees were: TST Members – Teresa Bailey (LLNL), Todd Gamblin (LLNL), Bob Little (LANL) – Chair, Chad Olinger (LANL), Shawn Pautz (SNL), Alan Williams (SNL);Other Lab staff – Skip Kahler (LANL), Ana Kupresanin (LLNL), and Rob Lowrie (LANL); AST Members – Nelson Hoffman (LANL) and Bob Voigt (Leidos) The TST wishes to express our appreciation to all involved with CERT for the high-quality posters and presentations and for the attention to logistics that enabled amore » successful visit. We have broken our comments into four sections: (1) Kudos, (2) Recommendations, (3) Feedback on Priorities for April Review, and (4) Follow-Up Activities with Labs.« less

Do Vaccines Cause Autism? Is it OK to Skip Certain Vaccines? Get the facts

MedlinePlus

... Lifestyle Infant and toddler health Do vaccines cause autism? Is it OK to skip certain vaccines? Get ... their potentially serious complications. Vaccines do not cause autism. Despite much controversy on the topic, researchers haven' ...

Atmospheric guidance law for planar skip trajectories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mease, K. D.; Mccreary, F. A.

1985-01-01

The applicability of an approximate, closed-form, analytical solution to the equations of motion, as a basis for a deterministic guidance law for controlling the in-plane motion during a skip trajectory, is investigated. The derivation of the solution by the method of matched asymptotic expansions is discussed. Specific issues that arise in the application of the solution to skip trajectories are addressed. Based on the solution, an explicit formula for the approximate energy loss due to an atmospheric pass is derived. A guidance strategy is proposed that illustrates the use of the approximate solution. A numerical example shows encouraging performance.

75 FR 59278 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0062...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-27

...; Approval of Non-Specification Portable Tanks; (2) 1625-0078, Licensing and Manning Requirements for...: Licensing and Manning Requirements for Officers of Towing Vessels. OMB Control Number: 1625-0078. Summary: Licensing and manning requirements ensure towing vessels operating on the navigable waters of the U.S. are...

Navigating the Boundaries of Cultural Difference through Participatory Drama

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winston, Joe; Lin, Mei-Chun

2015-01-01

This article presents a summary of a research project conducted in the UK and Taiwan, examining how two groups of primary aged children responded to the same set of drama lessons designed around a traditional Chinese story, "The Water Ghost" (in Chinese, ??). The authors summarise both the story and their research methodology before…

Space electronics technology summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

An overview is given of current electronics R and D activities, potential future thrusts, and related NASA payoffs. Major increases in NASA mission return and significant concurrent reductions in mission cost appear possible through a focused, long range electronics technology program. The overview covers: guidance assessments, navigation and control, and sensing and data acquisition processing, storage, and transfer.

77 FR 19095 - Security Zone; USCGC STRATTON Commissioning Ceremony, Alameda, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-30

...-AA87 Security Zone; USCGC STRATTON Commissioning Ceremony, Alameda, CA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary security zone in the navigable waters of the San Francisco Bay, Alameda, CA within the San Francisco Captain of the Port (COTP) Zone...

Social Security Number Protection Laws: State-by-State Summary Table

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Data Quality Campaign, 2011

2011-01-01

As state policymakers implement statewide longitudinal data systems that collect, store, link and share student-level data, it is critical that they understand applicable privacy and data security standards and laws designed to ensure the privacy, security, and confidentiality of that data. To help state policymakers navigate this complex legal…

75 FR 18056 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Patuxent River, Solomons Island Harbor, MD

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

..., DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone... necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during a fireworks display launched from... protect the maritime public in a portion of Solomons Island Harbor. DATES: This rule is effective from 7...

OAST Space Theme Workshop. Volume 2: Theme summary. 4: Solar system exploration (no. 10). A: Statement of theme: B. 26 April 1976 Presentation. C. Summary. D. Initiative actions (form 5)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Major strategies for exploring the solar system focus on the return of information and the return of matter. Both the planetary exploration facility, and an orbiting automated space station, and the sample return and exploration facility have similar requirements. The single most essential need to enable intensive study of the outer solar system is nuclear propulsion and power capability. New initiatives in 1978 related to the reactor, data and sample acquisition and return, navigation, and environmental protection are examined.

Titan 3E/Centaur D-1T Systems Summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

A systems and operational summary of the Titan 3E/Centaur D-1T program is presented which describes vehicle assembly facilities, launch facilities, and management responsibilities, and also provides detailed information on the following separate systems: (1) mechanical systems, including structural components, insulation, propulsion units, reaction control, thrust vector control, hydraulic systems, and pneumatic equipment; (2) astrionics systems, such as instrumentation and telemetry, navigation and guidance, C-Band tracking system, and range safety command system; (3) digital computer unit software; (4) flight control systems; (5) electrical/electronic systems; and (6) ground support equipment, including checkout equipment.

7 CFR 42.123 - Flow diagram for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....123 Section 42.123 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMODITY STANDARDS AND STANDARD CONTAINER REGULATIONS STANDARDS FOR CONDITION OF FOOD CONTAINERS Skip Lot Sampling and Inspection...

75 FR 32989 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 706

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-10

... [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping... proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995... 706, United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. DATES: Written comments...

Longitudinal effect of eteplirsen versus historical control on ambulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

PubMed Central

Goemans, Nathalie; Lowes, Linda P.; Alfano, Lindsay N.; Berry, Katherine; Shao, James; Kaye, Edward M.; Mercuri, Eugenio; Hamid, Hoda Abdel; Byrne, Barry J.; Connolly, Anne M.; Dracker, Robert A.; Matthew Frank, L.; Heydemann, Peter T.; O'Brien, Kevin C.; Sparks, Susan E.; Specht, Linda A.; Rodino‐Klapac, Louise; Sahenk, Zarife; Al‐Zaidy, Samiah; Cripe, Linda H.; Lewis, Sarah; M, Pane; E, Mazzone; S, Messina; GL, Vita; Bertini, D Amico A; Casimiro, Berardinelli A; Y, Torrente; F, Magri; GP, Comi; G, Baranello; T, Mongini; A, Pini; R, Battini; E, Pegoraro; C, Bruno; L, Politano; S, Previtali

2016-01-01

Objective To continue evaluation of the long‐term efficacy and safety of eteplirsen, a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer designed to skip DMD exon 51 in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Three‐year progression of eteplirsen‐treated patients was compared to matched historical controls (HC). Methods Ambulatory DMD patients who were ≥7 years old and amenable to exon 51 skipping were randomized to eteplirsen (30/50mg/kg) or placebo for 24 weeks. Thereafter, all received eteplirsen on an open‐label basis. The primary functional assessment in this study was the 6‐Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Respiratory muscle function was assessed by pulmonary function testing (PFT). Longitudinal natural history data were used for comparative analysis of 6MWT performance at baseline and months 12, 24, and 36. Patients were matched to the eteplirsen group based on age, corticosteroid use, and genotype. Results At 36 months, eteplirsen‐treated patients (n = 12) demonstrated a statistically significant advantage of 151m (p < 0.01) on 6MWT and experienced a lower incidence of loss of ambulation in comparison to matched HC (n = 13) amenable to exon 51 skipping. PFT results remained relatively stable in eteplirsen‐treated patients. Eteplirsen was well tolerated. Analysis of HC confirmed the previously observed change in disease trajectory at age 7 years, and more severe progression was observed in patients with mutations amenable to exon skipping than in those not amenable. The subset of patients amenable to exon 51 skipping showed a more severe disease course than those amenable to any exon skipping. Interpretation Over 3 years of follow‐up, eteplirsen‐treated patients showed a slower rate of decline in ambulation assessed by 6MWT compared to untreated matched HC. Ann Neurol 2016;79:257–271 PMID:26573217

Sexual divergence in microtubule function: the novel intranasal microtubule targeting SKIP normalizes axonal transport and enhances memory.

PubMed

Amram, N; Hacohen-Kleiman, G; Sragovich, S; Malishkevich, A; Katz, J; Touloumi, O; Lagoudaki, R; Grigoriadis, N C; Giladi, E; Yeheskel, A; Pasmanik-Chor, M; Jouroukhin, Y; Gozes, I

2016-10-01

Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), essential for brain formation, is a frequent autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-mutated gene. ADNP associates with microtubule end-binding proteins (EBs) through its SxIP motif, to regulate dendritic spine formation and brain plasticity. Here, we reveal SKIP, a novel four-amino-acid peptide representing an EB-binding site, as a replacement therapy in an outbred Adnp-deficient mouse model. We discovered, for the first time, axonal transport deficits in Adnp(+/-) mice (measured by manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging), with significant male-female differences. RNA sequencing evaluations showed major age, sex and genotype differences. Function enrichment and focus on major gene expression changes further implicated channel/transporter function and the cytoskeleton. In particular, a significant maturation change (1 month-five months) was observed in beta1 tubulin (Tubb1) mRNA, only in Adnp(+/+) males, and sex-dependent increase in calcium channel mRNA (Cacna1e) in Adnp(+/+) males compared with females. At the protein level, the Adnp(+/-) mice exhibited impaired hippocampal expression of the calcium channel (voltage-dependent calcium channel, Cacnb1) as well as other key ASD-linked genes including the serotonin transporter (Slc6a4), and the autophagy regulator, BECN1 (Beclin1), in a sex-dependent manner. Intranasal SKIP treatment normalized social memory in 8- to 9-month-old Adnp(+/-)-treated mice to placebo-control levels, while protecting axonal transport and ameliorating changes in ASD-like gene expression. The control, all d-amino analog D-SKIP, did not mimic SKIP activity. SKIP presents a novel prototype for potential ASD drug development, a prevalent unmet medical need.

Do older adults use the Method of Loci? Results from the ACTIVE Study

PubMed Central

Gross, Alden L.; Brandt, Jason; Bandeen-Roche, Karen; Carlson, Michelle C.; Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Marsiske, Michael; Rebok, George W.

2013-01-01

Background The method of loci (MoL) is a complex visuospatial mnemonic strategy. Previous research suggests older adults could potentially benefit from using the MoL, but that it is too attentionally demanding for them to use in practice. We evaluated the hypotheses that training can increase the use of MoL, and that MoL use is associated with better memory. Methods We analyzed skip patterns on response forms for the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE, n=1,401) trial using 5 years of longitudinal follow-up. Results At baseline, 2% of participants skipped spaces. Fewer than 2% of control participants skipped spaces at any visit across 5 years, but 25% of memory-trained participants, taught the MoL, did so. Participants who skipped spaces used more serial clustering, a hallmark of the MoL (p<0.001). Trained participants who skipped spaces showed greater memory improvement after training than memory-trained participants who did not skip spaces (Cohen's d=0.84, P=0.007), and did not differ in the subsequent rate of long-term memory decline through up to 5 years of follow-up. Conclusion Despite being attentionally demanding, this study suggests that after training, the MoL is used by up to 25% of older adults, and that its use is associated with immediate memory improvement that was sustained through the course of follow-up. Findings are consistent with the notion that older adults balance complexity with novelty in strategy selection, and that changes in strategies used following memory training result in observable qualitative and quantitative differences in memory performance. PMID:24625044

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Suzuki, Masatoshi, E-mail: msuzuki@nagasaki-u.ac.jp; Yamauchi, Motohiro; Oka, Yasuyoshi

Purpose: Senescence-like growth arrest in human solid carcinomas is now recognized as the major outcome of radiotherapy. This study was designed to analyze cell cycle during the process of senescence-like growth arrest in mammary carcinoma cells exposed to X-rays. Methods and Materials: Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicators were introduced into the human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Cell cycle was sequentially monitored by live-cell imaging for up to 5 days after exposure to 10 Gy of X-rays. Results: Live-cell imaging revealed that cell cycle transition from G2 to G1 phase without mitosis, so-called mitotic skipping, was observed in 17.1% andmore » 69.8% of G1- and G2-irradiated cells, respectively. Entry to G1 phase was confirmed by the nuclear accumulation of mKO{sub 2}-hCdt1 as well as cyclin E, which was inversely correlated to the accumulation of G2-specific markers such as mAG-hGeminin and CENP-F. More than 90% of cells skipping mitosis were persistently arrested in G1 phase and showed positive staining for the senescent biochemical marker, which is senescence-associated ss-galactosidase, indicating induction of senescence-like growth arrest accompanied by mitotic skipping. While G2 irradiation with higher doses of X-rays induced mitotic skipping in approximately 80% of cells, transduction of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for p53 significantly suppressed mitotic skipping, suggesting that ionizing radiation-induced mitotic skipping is associated with p53 function. Conclusions: The present study found the pathway of senescence-like growth arrest in G1 phase without mitotic entry following G2-irradiation.« less

Reinforcement learning algorithms for robotic navigation in dynamic environments.

PubMed

Yen, Gary G; Hickey, Travis W

2004-04-01

The purpose of this study was to examine improvements to reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in order to successfully interact within dynamic environments. The scope of the research was that of RL algorithms as applied to robotic navigation. Proposed improvements include: addition of a forgetting mechanism, use of feature based state inputs, and hierarchical structuring of an RL agent. Simulations were performed to evaluate the individual merits and flaws of each proposal, to compare proposed methods to prior established methods, and to compare proposed methods to theoretically optimal solutions. Incorporation of a forgetting mechanism did considerably improve the learning times of RL agents in a dynamic environment. However, direct implementation of a feature-based RL agent did not result in any performance enhancements, as pure feature-based navigation results in a lack of positional awareness, and the inability of the agent to determine the location of the goal state. Inclusion of a hierarchical structure in an RL agent resulted in significantly improved performance, specifically when one layer of the hierarchy included a feature-based agent for obstacle avoidance, and a standard RL agent for global navigation. In summary, the inclusion of a forgetting mechanism, and the use of a hierarchically structured RL agent offer substantially increased performance when compared to traditional RL agents navigating in a dynamic environment.

The effects of larval habitat quality on Aedes albopictus skip oviposition

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Aedes albopictus, an invasive mosquito species that transmits disease-causing pathogens, oviposits in containers in resource-limited habitats. To mitigate larval competition, Ae. albopictus females may choose to distribute eggs from a single gonotrophic cycle among multiple containers through skip o...

7 CFR 42.141 - Obtaining Operating Characteristic (OC) curve information for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., and read the new Percent of Lots Expected to be Accepted, Pas, which results when using these skip lot... point, proceed vertically to the curve and then horizontally to the left to the vertical axis. From this...

7 CFR 42.141 - Obtaining Operating Characteristic (OC) curve information for skip lot sampling and inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., and read the new Percent of Lots Expected to be Accepted, Pas, which results when using these skip lot... point, proceed vertically to the curve and then horizontally to the left to the vertical axis. From this...

Development of Exon Skipping Therapies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Critical Review and a Perspective on the Outstanding Issues

PubMed Central

Aartsma-Rus, Annemieke; Straub, Volker; Hemmings, Robert; Haas, Manuel; Schlosser-Weber, Gabriele; Stoyanova-Beninska, Violeta; Mercuri, Eugenio; Muntoni, Francesco; Sepodes, Bruno; Vroom, Elizabeth

2017-01-01

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, severe, progressive muscle-wasting disease leading to disability and premature death. Patients lack the muscle membrane-stabilizing protein dystrophin. Antisense oligonucleotide (AON)-mediated exon skipping is a therapeutic approach that aims to induce production of partially functional dystrophins. Recently, an AON targeting exon 51 became the first of its class to be approved by the United States regulators [Food and Drug Administration (FDA)] for the treatment of DMD. A unique aspect of the exon-skipping approach for DMD is that, depending on the size and location of the mutation, different exons need to be skipped. This challenge raises a number of questions regarding the development and regulatory approval of those individual compounds. In this study, we present a perspective on those questions, following a European stakeholder meeting involving academics, regulators, and representatives from industry and patient organizations, and in the light of the most recent scientific and regulatory experience. PMID:28796573

Genetic variation affecting exon skipping contributes to brain structural atrophy in Alzheimer's disease.

PubMed

Lee, Younghee; Han, Seonggyun; Kim, Dongwook; Kim, Dokyoon; Horgousluoglu, Emrin; Risacher, Shannon L; Saykin, Andrew J; Nho, Kwangsik

2018-01-01

Genetic variation in cis-regulatory elements related to splicing machinery and splicing regulatory elements (SREs) results in exon skipping and undesired protein products. We developed a splicing decision model to identify actionable loci among common SNPs for gene regulation. The splicing decision model identified SNPs affecting exon skipping by analyzing sequence-driven alternative splicing (AS) models and by scanning the genome for the regions with putative SRE motifs. We used non-Hispanic Caucasians with neuroimaging, and fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and identified 17,088 common exonic SNPs affecting exon skipping. GWAS identified one SNP (rs1140317) in HLA-DQB1 as significantly associated with entorhinal cortical thickness, AD neuroimaging biomarker, after controlling for multiple testing. Further analysis revealed that rs1140317 was significantly associated with brain amyloid-f deposition (PET and CSF). HLA-DQB1 is an essential immune gene and may regulate AS, thereby contributing to AD pathology. SRE may hold potential as novel therapeutic targets for AD.

7 CFR 42.121 - Sampling and inspection procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sampling and inspection procedures. 42.121 Section 42... REGULATIONS STANDARDS FOR CONDITION OF FOOD CONTAINERS Skip Lot Sampling and Inspection Procedures § 42.121 Sampling and inspection procedures. (a) Following skip lot procedure authorization, inspect every lot...

7 CFR 42.121 - Sampling and inspection procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sampling and inspection procedures. 42.121 Section 42... REGULATIONS STANDARDS FOR CONDITION OF FOOD CONTAINERS Skip Lot Sampling and Inspection Procedures § 42.121 Sampling and inspection procedures. (a) Following skip lot procedure authorization, inspect every lot...

Immunization: Department of Health

Science.gov Websites

State of Rhode Island: Department of Health State of Rhode Island: Department of Health Rhode Island Department of Health State of Rhode Island Department of Health Skip to content | Skip to Health & Wellness Food, Water & Environment Birth, Death & Marriage Records Laboratory

Tuberculosis: Department of Health

Science.gov Websites

State of Rhode Island: Department of Health State of Rhode Island: Department of Health Rhode Island Department of Health State of Rhode Island Department of Health Skip to content | Skip to Health & Wellness Food, Water & Environment Birth, Death & Marriage Records Laboratory

78 FR 10001 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 706-GS(D)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-12

... Form 706-GS(D), Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax Return for Distributions. DATES: Written comments should be received on or before April 15, 2013 to be assured of consideration. ADDRESSES: Direct all... [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax Return for...

Skipping Syntactically Illegal "the" Previews: The Role of Predictability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abbott, Matthew J.; Angele, Bernhard; Ahn, Y. Danbi; Rayner, Keith

2015-01-01

Readers tend to skip words, particularly when they are short, frequent, or predictable. Angele and Rayner (2013) recently reported that readers are often unable to detect syntactic anomalies in parafoveal vision. In the present study, we manipulated target word predictability to assess whether contextual constraint modulates…

Therapeutic NOTCH3 cysteine correction in CADASIL using exon skipping: in vitro proof of concept.

PubMed

Rutten, Julie W; Dauwerse, Hans G; Peters, Dorien J M; Goldfarb, Andrew; Venselaar, Hanka; Haffner, Christof; van Ommen, Gert-Jan B; Aartsma-Rus, Annemieke M; Lesnik Oberstein, Saskia A J

2016-04-01

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, or CADASIL, is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease caused by characteristic cysteine altering missense mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. NOTCH3 mutations in CADASIL result in an uneven number of cysteine residues in one of the 34 epidermal growth factor like-repeat (EGFr) domains of the NOTCH3 protein. The consequence of an unpaired cysteine residue in an EGFr domain is an increased multimerization tendency of mutant NOTCH3, leading to toxic accumulation of the protein in the (cerebro)vasculature, and ultimately reduced cerebral blood flow, recurrent stroke and vascular dementia. There is no therapy to delay or alleviate symptoms in CADASIL. We hypothesized that exclusion of the mutant EGFr domain from NOTCH3 would abolish the detrimental effect of the unpaired cysteine and thus prevent toxic NOTCH3 accumulation and the negative cascade of events leading to CADASIL. To accomplish this NOTCH3 cysteine correction by EGFr domain exclusion, we used pre-mRNA antisense-mediated skipping of specific NOTCH3 exons. Selection of these exons was achieved using in silico studies and based on the criterion that skipping of a particular exon or exon pair would modulate the protein in such a way that the mutant EGFr domain is eliminated, without otherwise corrupting NOTCH3 structure and function. Remarkably, we found that this strategy closely mimics evolutionary events, where the elimination and fusion of NOTCH EGFr domains led to the generation of four functional NOTCH homologues. We modelled a selection of exon skip strategies using cDNA constructs and show that the skip proteins retain normal protein processing, can bind ligand and be activated by ligand. We then determined the technical feasibility of targeted NOTCH3 exon skipping, by designing antisense oligonucleotides targeting exons 2-3, 4-5 and 6, which together harbour the majority of distinct CADASIL-causing mutations. Transfection of these antisense oligonucleotides into CADASIL patient-derived cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells resulted in successful exon skipping, without abrogating NOTCH3 signalling. Combined, these data provide proof of concept for this novel application of exon skipping, and are a first step towards the development of a rational therapeutic approach applicable to up to 94% of CADASIL-causing mutations. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Effect of skipping breakfast on subsequent energy intake.

PubMed

Levitsky, David A; Pacanowski, Carly R

2013-07-02

The objective was to examine the effect of consuming breakfast on subsequent energy intake. Participants who habitually ate breakfast and those who skipped breakfast were recruited for two studies. Using a randomized crossover design, the first study examined the effect of having participants consume either (a) no breakfast, (b) a high carbohydrate breakfast (335 kcals), or (c) a high fiber breakfast (360 kcals) on three occasions and measured ad libitum intake at lunch. The second study again used a randomized crossover design but with a larger, normal carbohydrate breakfast consumed ad libtum. Intake averaged 624 kcals and subsequent food intake was measured throughout the day. Participants ate only foods served from the Cornell Human Metabolic Research Unit where all foods were weighed before and after consumption. In the first study, neither eating breakfast nor the kind of breakfast consumed had an effect on the amount consumed at lunch despite a reduction in hunger ratings. In the second study, intake at lunch as well as hunger ratings were significantly increased after skipping breakfast (by 144 kcal), leaving a net caloric deficit of 408 kcal by the end of the day. These data are consistent with published literature demonstrating that skipping a meal does not result in accurate energy compensation at subsequent meals and suggests that skipping breakfast may be an effective means to reduce daily energy intake in some adults. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Simulator Evaluation of Electronic Radio Aids to Navigation Displays--The Miniexperiment.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

COOPIRP K L MARINO DOT-CO-8358s-A UNCLASS IF IE0 EA0-"A SC O.- . 9 8 0 NL ’,I’ll" II 2i0 1111 *Q~j28 12 =- MI(,RO Of)Y 1?[ E tIFION Tli T (HART [EVE...graphic navigation display, (see 17 r’ontin,,ed) L 19. -cu:,tv ..Ssf St ,s report) :UO. 3’-mur~t’ C;Psst [of 11. L.4) 21 No. ot e =,t !22. PrW , UNCLASSIFIED...and Check Rudder 46 19 Proposed Displays for Full-Length Scenarios 49 20 System Configurations 51 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Pa e I Summary of Results 2

Formalizing New Navigation Requirements for NASA's Space Shuttle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DiVito, Ben L.

1996-01-01

We describe a recent NASA-sponsored pilot project intended to gauge the effectiveness of using formal methods in Space Shuttle software requirements analysis. Several Change Requests (CRs) were selected as promising targets to demonstrate the utility of formal methods in this demanding application domain. A CR to add new navigation capabilities to the Shuttle, based on Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, is the focus of this industrial usage report. Portions of the GPS CR were modeled using the language of SRI's Prototype Verification System (PVS). During a limited analysis conducted on the formal specifications, numerous requirements issues were discovered. We present a summary of these encouraging results and conclusions we have drawn from the pilot project.

77 FR 35848 - Safety Zone, Fourth of July Fireworks Event, Pagan River, Smithfield, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-15

.... ACTION: Temporary Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a 420-foot radius safety zone on..., and falling hot embers or other debris, vessel traffic will be temporarily restricted within 420 feet... navigable waters of the Pagan River within the area bounded by a 420-foot radius circle centered on position...

75 FR 33999 - Safety Zone; Fourth of July Fireworks Event, Cape Charles City Harbor, Cape Charles, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-16

...: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a 420-foot..., and falling hot embers or other debris, vessel traffic will be temporarily restricted within 420 feet... navigable waters of the Cape Charles City Harbor within the area bounded by a 420-foot radius circle...

76 FR 1521 - Security Zone: Fleet Industrial Supply Center Pier, San Diego, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-11

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 165 [Docket No. USCG-2010-0423] RIN 1625-AA87 Security Zone: Fleet Industrial Supply Center Pier, San Diego, CA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is removing a security zone on the navigable waters of San Diego...

Information Summary, Area of Concern: Ashtabula River, Ohio

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

Sediment data...............................10 Water quality data............................11 Groundwater impacts..............................11 Point...Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) The Water Quality -Act of 1987, Section 118, authorizes the Great Lakes...serious impairment of ben- eficial uses of water or biota (drinking, swimming, fishing, navigation, etc.) is known to exist, or where environmental quality

19 CFR 162.45 - Summary forfeiture: Property other than Schedule I and Schedule II controlled substances. Notice...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... navigation laws belongs or is consigned, if that information is known to the Fines, Penalties, and... Web site for at least 30 consecutive days. Information pertaining to the Government forfeiture Web..., additional publication for at least three successive weeks in a print medium may be provided. All known...

19 CFR 162.45 - Summary forfeiture: Property other than Schedule I and Schedule II controlled substances. Notice...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... navigation laws belongs or is consigned, if that information is known to the Fines, Penalties, and... Web site for at least 30 consecutive days. Information pertaining to the Government forfeiture Web..., additional publication for at least three successive weeks in a print medium may be provided. All known...

A Technology Solution Strengthens Comprehensive Environmental Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-23

General Navigation  Chemical Approval Example  NEPA Coordination Example  Safety PPE Example  Summary Marine Corps Support Facility...coordination, completion and documentation through automated workflows of various business processes  Chemical Approval  NEPA Coordination  Safety ...Completion Diagram Government Employee/M CMC MCMC Chemical Manager MCMC HS&E Specialist IMO Chemical Safety Specialist IMO Chemical Environmental

78 FR 22190 - Modification of Area Navigation (RNAV) Route T-266; AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

...; AK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action... modifying RNAV route T-266 in Alaska. T-266 is currently defined by the Coghland Island, AK, NDB, the Fredericks Point, AK, NDB and the Annette Island, AK, VOR/DME. The Annette Island VOR/DME remains as one end...

78 FR 56151 - Safety Zone, North Atlantic Ocean; Virginia Beach, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-12

... final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on the navigable waters of the North... life and property of the maritime public and spectators from the hazards associated with fireworks displays. DATES: This rule will be effective from 9:20 p.m. to 10:10 p.m. on September 12, 2013. ADDRESSES...

78 FR 36424 - Special Local Regulations for Summer Events; Captain of the Port Lake Michigan Zone

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-18

... Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing temporary special local regulations for three summer events within the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan Zone. This rule is intended to provide for the safety of life and property on navigable waters immediately prior to...

78 FR 33219 - Special Local Regulations; Swim Across the Potomac, Potomac River; National Harbor Access Channel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

... Channel, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is... provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the event. This action is intended to temporarily restrict vessel traffic in a portion of the Potomac River during the event. DATES: This rule is...

76 FR 30020 - Safety Zone; Wicomico Community Fireworks, Great Wicomico River, Mila, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-24

.... ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the.... This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the Wicomico... rule is effective from 9 p.m. on July 2, 2011, until 10 p.m. on July 3, 2011. ADDRESSES: Documents...

75 FR 42608 - Safety Zone; Lyme Community Days, Chaumont Bay, NY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone for Lyme Community Days... intended to ensure safety of life on navigable waters immediately prior to, during, and immediately after the fireworks event. DATES: This rule is effective from 9:30 p.m. to 10 p.m. on July 24, 2010...

76 FR 41073 - Security Zones; Sector Southeastern New England Captain of the Port Zone

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-13

.... ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing security zones around cruise ships in the... creates security zones for all navigable waters around certain cruise ships in the Southeastern New... temporary security zone regulation in Sec. 165.T01-0864. On April 5, 2011, we published a notice of proposed...

26 CFR 26.2653-1 - Taxation of multiple skips.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2653... thereafter deemed to occupy the generation immediately above the highest generation of any person holding an... immediately after the GST, the transferor is treated as occupying the generation above the highest generation...

26 CFR 26.2653-1 - Taxation of multiple skips.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... AND GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2653... thereafter deemed to occupy the generation immediately above the highest generation of any person holding an... immediately after the GST, the transferor is treated as occupying the generation above the highest generation...

26 CFR 26.2653-1 - Taxation of multiple skips.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... GIFT TAXES GENERATION-SKIPPING TRANSFER TAX REGULATIONS UNDER THE TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986 § 26.2653-1... deemed to occupy the generation immediately above the highest generation of any person holding an... immediately after the GST, the transferor is treated as occupying the generation above the highest generation...

Quiz Today: Should I Skip Class?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zizler, Peter

2013-01-01

How does selective assessment, wherein one counts only the best "k" out of "n" quizzes set, impact grade inflation? Based on our analysis, a specific quantitative answer can be given to a student who plans to skip a quiz, depending, of course, on the student's quiz writing consistency or inconsistency.

26 CFR 26.2642-5 - Finality of inclusion ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Finality of inclusion ratio. 26.2642-5 Section...-5 Finality of inclusion ratio. (a) Direct skips. The inclusion ratio applicable to a direct skip...) Other GSTs. With respect to taxable distributions and taxable terminations, the inclusion ratio for a...

26 CFR 26.2642-5 - Finality of inclusion ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Finality of inclusion ratio. 26.2642-5 Section...-5 Finality of inclusion ratio. (a) Direct skips. The inclusion ratio applicable to a direct skip...) Other GSTs. With respect to taxable distributions and taxable terminations, the inclusion ratio for a...

26 CFR 26.2642-5 - Finality of inclusion ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Finality of inclusion ratio. 26.2642-5 Section...-5 Finality of inclusion ratio. (a) Direct skips. The inclusion ratio applicable to a direct skip...) Other GSTs. With respect to taxable distributions and taxable terminations, the inclusion ratio for a...

26 CFR 25.2518-1 - Qualified disclaimers of property; in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...-2, for purposes of the Federal estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer tax provisions, the... estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer tax provisions, the disclaimer is disregarded and the... State Y on June 17, 1978. G and H are beneficiaries under the will. The will provides that any...

29 CFR 1926.702 - Requirements for equipment and tools.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Concrete and Masonry... the ejection system is not to be operated. (b) Concrete mixers. Concrete mixers with one cubic yard... the skip of materials; and (2) Guardrails installed on each side of the skip. (c) Power concrete...

75 FR 36480 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation Project

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-25

... required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, Public Law 104-13 (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)). Currently..., Qualified Severance of a Trust for Generation-Skipping Transfer (GST) Tax Purposes. DATES: Written [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Qualified Severance of a Trust for Generation-Skipping...

75 FR 38869 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation Project

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-06

...-73-88 (TD 8644), Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax (Sec. Sec. 26.2601-1, 26.2632- 1, 26.2642-1, 26... or before September 7, 2010 to be assured of consideration. ADDRESSES: Direct all written comments to... [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title: Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax. OMB...

26 CFR 26.2642-5 - Finality of inclusion ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Finality of inclusion ratio. 26.2642-5 Section...-5 Finality of inclusion ratio. (a) Direct skips. The inclusion ratio applicable to a direct skip...) Other GSTs. With respect to taxable distributions and taxable terminations, the inclusion ratio for a...

26 CFR 26.2642-5 - Finality of inclusion ratio.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 14 2011-04-01 2010-04-01 true Finality of inclusion ratio. 26.2642-5 Section...-5 Finality of inclusion ratio. (a) Direct skips. The inclusion ratio applicable to a direct skip...) Other GSTs. With respect to taxable distributions and taxable terminations, the inclusion ratio for a...

75 FR 38874 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 706-NA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-06

... INFORMATION: Title: United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return, Estate of nonresident... Form 706-NA, United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return, Estate of nonresident not a citizen of the United States. DATES: Written comments should be received on or before September...

Exon skipping and dystrophin restoration in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy after systemic phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer treatment: an open-label, phase 2, dose-escalation study

PubMed Central

Cirak, Sebahattin; Arechavala-Gomeza, Virginia; Guglieri, Michela; Feng, Lucy; Torelli, Silvia; Anthony, Karen; Abbs, Stephen; Garralda, Maria Elena; Bourke, John; Wells, Dominic J; Dickson, George; Wood, Matthew JA; Wilton, Steve D; Straub, Volker; Kole, Ryszard; Shrewsbury, Stephen B; Sewry, Caroline; Morgan, Jennifer E; Bushby, Kate; Muntoni, Francesco

2011-01-01

Summary Background We report clinical safety and biochemical efficacy from a dose-ranging study of intravenously administered AVI-4658 phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Method We undertook an open-label, phase 2, dose-escalation study (0·5, 1·0, 2·0, 4·0, 10·0, and 20·0 mg/kg bodyweight) in ambulant patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy aged 5–15 years with amenable deletions in DMD. Participants had a muscle biopsy before starting treatment and after 12 weekly intravenous infusions of AVI-4658. The primary study objective was to assess safety and tolerability of AVI-4658. The secondary objectives were pharmacokinetic properties and the ability of AVI-4658 to induce exon 51 skipping and dystrophin restoration by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting. The study is registered, number NCT00844597. Findings 19 patients took part in the study. AVI-4658 was well tolerated with no drug-related serious adverse events. AVI-4658 induced exon 51 skipping in all cohorts and new dystrophin protein expression in a significant dose-dependent (p=0·0203), but variable, manner in boys from cohort 3 (dose 2 mg/kg) onwards. Seven patients responded to treatment, in whom mean dystrophin fluorescence intensity increased from 8·9% (95% CI 7·1–10·6) to 16·4% (10·8–22·0) of normal control after treatment (p=0·0287). The three patients with the greatest responses to treatment had 21%, 15%, and 55% dystrophin-positive fibres after treatment and these findings were confirmed with western blot, which showed an increase after treatment of protein levels from 2% to 18%, from 0·9% to 17%, and from 0% to 7·7% of normal muscle, respectively. The dystrophin-associated proteins α-sarcoglycan and neuronal nitric oxide synthase were also restored at the sarcolemma. Analysis of the inflammatory infiltrate indicated a reduction of cytotoxic T cells in the post-treatment muscle biopsies in the two high-dose cohorts. Interpretation The safety and biochemical efficacy that we present show the potential of AVI-4658 to become a disease-modifying drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Funding UK Medical Research Council; AVI BioPharma. PMID:21784508

Near-bottom Multibeam Survey Capabilities in the US National Deep Submergence Facility (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoerger, D. R.; McCue, S. J.; Jason; Sentry Operations Groups

2010-12-01

The US National Deep Submergence Facility (NDSF) provides near-bottom multibeam mapping capabilities from the autonomous underwater vehicle Sentry and the remotely operated vehicle Jason. These vehicles can be used to depths of 4500 and 6500m respectively. Both vehicles are equipped with Reson 7125 400khz multibeam sonars as well as compatible navigation equipment (inertial navigation systems, doppler velocity logs, and acoustic navigation systems). These vehicles have produced maps of rugged Mid-Ocean Ridge terrain in the Galapagos Rift, natural oil and gas seeps off the coast of Southern California, deep coral sites in the Gulf of Mexico, and sites for the Ocean Observing Initiative off the coast of Oregon. Multibeam surveys are conducted from heights between 20 and 80 meters, allowing the scientific user to select the tradeoff between resolution and coverage rate. In addition to conventional bathymetric mapping, the systems have used to image methane bubble plumes from natural seeps. This talk will provide summaries of these mapping efforts and describe the data processing pipeline used to produce maps shortly after each dive. Development efforts to reduce navigational errors and reconcile discrepancies between adjacent swaths will also be described.

Breakfast Blitz: An Innovative Nutrition Education Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Towery, Pamela C.; Nix, Elizabeth S.; Norman, Bilinda

2014-01-01

Childhood overweight and obesity are major problems in the United States, with important consequences for our nation's health and economy. Breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day, yet children, adolescents, and adults skip breakfast on a routine basis. This habit of breakfast skipping is related to weight gain, higher body…

The Influence of Mathematical Ability and Morning Nutrition on Mental Arithmetic in Preadolescents: An ERP study.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The effects of eating or skipping breakfast on ERP correlates of mental arithmetic were studied in preadolescents differing in experience (age) and mathematical skills. Participants, randomly assigned to treatment [eat (B) or skip (SB) breakfast (each, n = 41)], were sub-grouped by age [8.8 yrs (B: ...

Examining Predictors of Breakfast Skipping and Breakfast Program Use among Secondary School Students in the Compass Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godin, Katelyn M.; Patte, Karen A.; Leatherdale, Scott T.

2018-01-01

Background: Many Canadian schools offer breakfast programs; however, students' engagement in these programs is low, while breakfast skipping is highly prevalent among youth. This study examined whether the availability of breakfast programs supports adolescents' regular breakfast eating, and identified characteristics of breakfast skippers who are…

SKIPing with Head Start Teachers: Influence of T-SKIP on Object-Control Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brian, Ali; Goodway, Jacqueline D.; Logan, Jessica A.; Sutherland, Sue

2017-01-01

Purpose: Children from disadvantaged settings are at risk for delays in their object-control (OC) skills. Fundamental motor skill interventions, such as the Successful Kinesthetic Instruction for Preschoolers (SKIP) Program, are highly successful when led by motor development experts. However, few preschools employ such experts. This study…

Skip-row Planting Patterns Stabilize Corn Grain Yields in the Central Great Plains

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The highly variable climate of the Central Great Plains makes dryland corn (Zea mays) production a risky enterprise. Twenty-three field trials were conducted across the Central Great Plains from 2004 through 2006 to quantify the effect of various skip-row planting patterns and plant populations on g...

Helping Struggling Students: The Impact of Three Instructional Interventions on College Students' Exam Scores and Exam-Skipping Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Nichole Gibbs; Thomas, Antonio Lamar

2018-01-01

Whether instructional-communication feedback sent to struggling students and succeeding students following course exams would significantly increase their exam scores and significantly decrease their exam-skipping behavior relative to students in the control group was investigated. An experimenter-blind study utilizing feedback and the…

Skipping on uneven ground: trailing leg adjustments simplify control and enhance robustness.

PubMed

Müller, Roy; Andrada, Emanuel

2018-01-01

It is known that humans intentionally choose skipping in special situations, e.g. when descending stairs or when moving in environments with lower gravity than on Earth. Although those situations involve uneven locomotion, the dynamics of human skipping on uneven ground have not yet been addressed. To find the reasons that may motivate this gait, we combined experimental data on humans with numerical simulations on a bipedal spring-loaded inverted pendulum model (BSLIP). To drive the model, the following parameters were estimated from nine subjects skipping across a single drop in ground level: leg lengths at touchdown, leg stiffness of both legs, aperture angle between legs, trailing leg angle at touchdown (leg landing first after flight phase), and trailing leg retraction speed. We found that leg adjustments in humans occur mostly in the trailing leg (low to moderate leg retraction during swing phase, reduced trailing leg stiffness, and flatter trailing leg angle at lowered touchdown). When transferring these leg adjustments to the BSLIP model, the capacity of the model to cope with sudden-drop perturbations increased.

Semantic retrieval and navigation in clinical document collections.

PubMed

Kreuzthaler, Markus; Daumke, Philipp; Schulz, Stefan

2015-01-01

Patients with chronic diseases undergo numerous in- and outpatient treatment periods, and therefore many documents accumulate in their electronic records. We report on an on-going project focussing on the semantic enrichment of medical texts, in order to support recall-oriented navigation across a patient's complete documentation. A document pool of 1,696 de-identified discharge summaries was used for prototyping. A natural language processing toolset for document annotation (based on the text-mining framework UIMA) and indexing (Solr) was used to support a browser-based platform for document import, search and navigation. The integrated search engine combines free text and concept-based querying, supported by dynamically generated facets (diagnoses, procedures, medications, lab values, and body parts). The prototype demonstrates the feasibility of semantic document enrichment within document collections of a single patient. Originally conceived as an add-on for the clinical workplace, this technology could also be adapted to support personalised health record platforms, as well as cross-patient search for cohort building and other secondary use scenarios.

OAST Space Theme Workshop. Volume 3: Working group summary. 1: Navigation, guidance, control (E-1) A. Statement. B. Technology needs (form 1). C. Priority assessment (form 2)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

The six themes identified by the Workshop have many common navigation guidance and control needs. All the earth orbit themes have a strong requirement for attitude, figure and stabilization control of large space structures, a requirement not currently being supported. All but the space transportation theme have need for precision pointing of spacecraft and instruments. In addition all the themes have requirements for increasing autonomous operations for such activities as spacecraft and experiment operations, onboard mission modification, rendezvous and docking, spacecraft assembly and maintenance, navigation and guidance, and self-checkout, test and repair. Major new efforts are required to conceptualize new approaches to large space antennas and arrays that are lightweight, readily deployable, and capable of precise attitude and figure control. Conventional approaches offer little hope of meeting these requirements. Functions that can benefit from increasing automation or autonomous operations are listed.

Effects of social determinants on food choice and skipping meals among Turkish adolescents.

PubMed

Soyer, Meral Turk; Ergin, Isil; Gursoy, Safak Taner

2008-01-01

To present data that contributes to understanding factors that influence food choice and skipping meals in adolescents. A cross sectional study is carried in selected high schools in Bornova. Study sample compromises of 527 students chosen randomly by class from a population of 2410 first year in high school students. Self-administered questionnaires containing sociodemographic determinants, self reported weight and height, food choices and meal patterns were used. A psychosocial factor that affects almost all of the students is the "taste and sensory perception of food". The second noticable factor is the "health and nutritious value of food". The time conserved and the convenience in the preparation of food is one of the lifestyle factors that affect more than half of the students. The cost of the food was also found to have an effect. Among the third group of factors categorized as "media", the leading factor is advertisement, effective in one third of the students. Among boys and girls, there was no statistical difference in the type of meal skipped. Living in Izmir for more than 10 years compared to less than ten years, being in a nuclear family to extended family, and belonging to the "owner" social class to "wage laborer" class also do not statistically differ with regard to skipping meals. However, the mother's and father's education level and having a working mother are associated with skipping meals. These results provide important evidence to support opportunities to positively influence the adoption of healthful eating.

Identification of a novel exonic mutation at -13 from 5' splice site causing exon skipping in a girl with mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase deficiency.

PubMed Central

Fukao, T; Yamaguchi, S; Wakazono, A; Orii, T; Hoganson, G; Hashimoto, T

1994-01-01

We identified a novel exonic mutation which causes exon skipping in the mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (T2) gene from a girl with T2 deficiency (GK07). GK07 is a compound heterozygote; the maternal allele has a novel G to T transversion at position 1136 causing Gly379 to Val substitution (G379V) of the T2 precursor. In case of in vivo expression analysis, cells transfected with this mutant cDNA showed no evidence of restored T2 activity. The paternal allele was associated with exon 8 skipping at the cDNA level. At the gene level, a C to T transition causing Gln272 to termination codon (Q272STOP) was identified within exon 8, 13 bp from the 5' splice site of intron 8 in the paternal allele. The mRNA with Q272STOP could not be detected in GK07 fibroblasts, presumably because pre-mRNA with Q272STOP was unstable because of the premature termination. In vivo splicing experiments revealed that the exonic mutation caused partial skipping of exon 8. This substitution was thought to alter the secondary structure of T2 pre-mRNA around exon 8 and thus impede normal splicing. The role of exon sequences in the splicing mechanism is indicated by the exon skipping which occurred with an exonic mutation. Images PMID:7907600

HnRNP C, YB-1 and hnRNP L coordinately enhance skipping of human MUSK exon 10 to generate a Wnt-insensitive MuSK isoform

PubMed Central

Nasrin, Farhana; Rahman, Mohammad Alinoor; Masuda, Akio; Ohe, Kenji; Takeda, Jun-ichi; Ohno, Kinji

2014-01-01

Muscle specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) is an essential postsynaptic transmembrane molecule that mediates clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChR). MUSK exon 10 is alternatively skipped in human, but not in mouse. Skipping of this exon disrupts a cysteine-rich region (Fz-CRD), which is essential for Wnt-mediated AChR clustering. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of alternative splicing, we exploited block-scanning mutagenesis with human minigene and identified a 20-nucleotide block that contained exonic splicing silencers. Using RNA-affinity purification, mass spectrometry, and Western blotting, we identified that hnRNP C, YB-1 and hnRNP L are bound to MUSK exon 10. siRNA-mediated knockdown and cDNA overexpression confirmed the additive, as well as the independent, splicing suppressing effects of hnRNP C, YB-1 and hnRNP L. Antibody-mediated in vitro protein depletion and scanning mutagenesis additionally revealed that binding of hnRNP C to RNA subsequently promotes binding of YB-1 and hnRNP L to the immediate downstream sites and enhances exon skipping. Simultaneous tethering of two splicing trans-factors to the target confirmed the cooperative effect of YB-1 and hnRNP L on hnRNP C-mediated exon skipping. Search for a similar motif in the human genome revealed nine alternative exons that were individually or coordinately regulated by hnRNP C and YB-1. PMID:25354590

Bathymetry and acoustic backscatter: Elwha River Delta, Washington

USGS Publications Warehouse

Finlayson, David P.; Miller, Ian M.; Warrick, Jonathan A.

2011-01-01

The surveys were conducted using the R/V Parke Snavely outfitted with an interferometric sidescan sonar for swath mapping and real-time kinematic navigation equipment for accurate shallow water operations. This report provides these data in a number of different formats, as well as a summary of the mapping mission, maps of bathymetry and backscatter, and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.

Vertical Compliance Trends in KBOS OPD Arrival Redesign

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stewart, Michael Jeffrey; Matthews, Bryan L.; Feary, Michael S.

2016-01-01

This report is a high-level summary of vertical compliance trends and overall rates of Area Navigation Optimized Profile Descent (RNAV OPD) utilization for Boston Logan International Airport. Specifically, we investigated trends from three RNAV OPDs and the subsequent redesigned iterations of those procedures: OOSHN3 to OOSHN4, ROBUC1 to ROBUC2, and QUABN3 to JFUND1.

Navigating the Alphabet Soup of Labroligamentous Pathology of the Shoulder.

PubMed

Fitzpatrick, Darren; Grubin, Jeremy

2016-02-01

Because of the widespread use of eponyms and acronyms to describe labroligamentous findings in the shoulder, interpreting shoulder magnetic resonance imaging reports can be challenging. A summary of the appearance of these lesions on shoulder magnetic resonance images can help the orthopedic surgeon to understand these entities as imaging findings and to determine the appropriate treatment for patients with shoulder injuries.

78 FR 48311 - Special Local Regulations; Regattas and Marine Parades in the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan Zone

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-08

... Zone AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is amending special local regulations for annual regattas and marine parades in the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan Zone. This rule is intended to provide for the safety of life and property on navigable waters immediately prior to, during...

77 FR 56115 - Safety Zone for Fireworks Display, Potomac River, National Harbor Access Channel; Oxon Hill, MD

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-12

..., MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a... safety of life on navigable waters during a fireworks display launched from a floating platform located... zone is intended to protect the maritime public in a portion of the Potomac River. DATES: This rule is...

76 FR 43124 - Safety Zones; July Fireworks Displays and Swim Events in the Captain of the Port New York Zone

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... York Zone AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is... safety of life on navigable waters during the events. Entry into, transit through, mooring or anchoring within these zones is prohibited unless authorized by the COTP New York. DATES: This rule is effective...

78 FR 37710 - Safety Zone; Wicomico Community Fireworks Rain Date, Great Wicomico River, Heathsville, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-24

...: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary... event Rain Date. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during.... DATES: This rule is effective on July 7, 2013, from 9 p.m. to 10 p.m. ADDRESSES: Documents indicated in...

78 FR 41844 - Safety Zone; Fairfield Estates Fireworks Display, Atlantic Ocean, Sagaponack, NY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-12

... Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety... fireworks display. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the... rule is effective from 8:30 p.m. August 1, 2013, until 10:30 p.m. on August 2, 2013. This rule will be...

75 FR 26648 - Safety Zones; May Fireworks Displays Within the Captain of the Port Puget Sound Area of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-12

... traffic is necessary to protect life, property and the environment. Discussion of Rule The U.S. Coast... Responsibility (AOR) AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The U.S Coast Guard is... necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the fireworks displays. Entry into...

Health, behavioral, cognitive, and social correlates of breakfast skipping among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods.

PubMed

Smith, Kylie J; McNaughton, Sarah A; Cleland, Verity J; Crawford, David; Ball, Kylie

2013-11-01

Breakfast skipping is a potentially modifiable behavior that has negative effects on health and is socioeconomically patterned. This study aimed to examine the intrapersonal (health, behavioral, and cognitive) and social factors associated with breakfast skipping. Nonpregnant women (n = 4123) aged 18-45 y from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods throughout Victoria, Australia, completed a postal questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics, diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and cognitive and social factors were assessed by self-report. Breakfast skipping was defined in 2 ways: 1) "rarely/never" eating breakfast (n = 498) and 2) eating breakfast ≤2 d/wk (includes those who rarely/never ate breakfast; n = 865). Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios and linear trends, adjusting for covariates. The P values for linear trends are reported below. Compared with breakfast consumers, women who reported rarely/never eating breakfast tended to have poorer self-rated health (P-trend < 0.001), be current smokers (P-trend < 0.001), pay less attention to health (P-trend < 0.001), not prioritize their own healthy eating when busy looking after their family (P-trend < 0.001), have less nutrition knowledge (P-trend < 0.001), and a lower proportion were trying to control their weight (P-trend < 0.020). When breakfast skipping was defined as eating breakfast ≤2 d/wk, additional associations were found for having lower leisure-time physical activity (P-trend = 0.012) and less self-efficacy for eating a healthy diet (P-trend < 0.043). In conclusion, a range of intrapersonal and social factors were significantly associated with breakfast skipping among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Acknowledging the cross-sectional design and need for causal confirmation, programs that aim to promote breakfast consumption in this population group should consider targeting family-related barriers to healthy eating and nutrition knowledge.

Cwf16p Associating with the Nineteen Complex Ensures Ordered Exon Joining in Constitutive Pre-mRNA Splicing in Fission Yeast

PubMed Central

Sasaki-Haraguchi, Noriko; Ikuyama, Takeshi; Yoshii, Shogo; Takeuchi-Andoh, Tomoko; Frendewey, David; Tani, Tokio

2015-01-01

Exons are ligated in an ordered manner without the skipping of exons in the constitutive splicing of pre-mRNAs with multiple introns. To identify factors ensuring ordered exon joining in constitutive pre-mRNA splicing, we previously screened for exon skipping mutants in Schizosaccharomyces pombe using a reporter plasmid, and characterized three exon skipping mutants named ods1 (ordered splicing 1), ods2, and ods3, the responsible genes of which encode Prp2/U2AF59, U2AF23, and SF1, respectively. They form an SF1-U2AF59-U2AF23 complex involved in recognition of the branch and 3′ splice sites in pre-mRNA. In the present study, we identified a fourth ods mutant, ods4, which was isolated in an exon-skipping screen. The ods4 + gene encodes Cwf16p, which interacts with the NineTeen Complex (NTC), a complex thought to be involved in the first catalytic step of the splicing reaction. We isolated two multi-copy suppressors for the ods4-1 mutation, Srp2p, an SR protein essential for pre-mRNA splicing, and Tif213p, a translation initiation factor, in S. pombe. The overexpression of Srp2p suppressed the exon-skipping phenotype of all ods mutants, whereas Tif213p suppressed only ods4-1, which has a mutation in the translational start codon of the cwf16 gene. We also showed that the decrease in the transcriptional elongation rate induced by drug treatment suppressed exon skipping in ods4-1. We propose that Cwf16p/NTC participates in the early recognition of the branch and 3′ splice sites and cooperates with the SF1-U2AF59-U2AF23 complex to maintain ordered exon joining. PMID:26302002

Chronic Stress Is Associated with Indicators of Diet Quality in Habitual Breakfast Skippers.

PubMed

Widaman, Adrianne M; Witbracht, Megan G; Forester, Shavawn M; Laugero, Kevin D; Keim, Nancy L

2016-11-01

Previous studies suggest skipping breakfast is associated with lower diet quality, but possible reasons underlying this relationship are not clear. Our aim was to determine the relationship between chronic stress and variations in diet quality in the context of breakfast eating or breakfast skipping. Based on morning eating habits, 40 breakfast eaters and 35 breakfast skippers participated in a cross-sectional study. Diet assessment was based on unannounced 24-hour recalls. Women, ages 18 to 45 years, with a body mass index (calculated as kg/m 2 ) <40 were recruited in the greater Sacramento, CA, area between 2009 and 2013. Only women who consistently ate or skipped breakfast were enrolled. Compliance with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans was measured using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). Stress and executive function were evaluated with validated questionnaires and a computer-based task, respectively. Diet characteristics of breakfast eating and breakfast skipping were evaluated as nutrient densities (amounts per 1,000 kcal) and compared using a one-way analysis of covariance, with body mass index as covariate. Diet and stress variable associations were assessed using Pearson correlations. Despite no observed differences in daily energy intake between breakfast skipping and breakfast eating, overall diet quality (P=0.001), whole grains (P=0.002), fruit (P=0.002), empty calories (P=0.050), fiber (P=0.001), calcium (P=0.001), potassium (P=0.033), and folate (P=0.013) intakes were higher in breakfast eating. In the evening, breakfast skipping consumed more added sugars (P=0.012) and saturated fat (P=0.006). In breakfast skipping, reported stress was associated with empty calories (r=-0.39; P=0.027) and evening intake of added sugars (r=0.501; P=0.005). These relationships were not observed in breakfast eating. Breakfast skippers were less likely to meet the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and consumed more empty calories at night. Chronic stress was related to evening eating choices and overall empty calories in the diet of breakfast skippers, whereas breakfast eaters' dietary intake did not appear to be affected by chronic stress. Copyright © 2016 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Neural responses to visual food stimuli after a normal vs. higher protein breakfast in breakfast-skipping teens: a pilot fMRI study.

PubMed

Leidy, Heather J; Lepping, Rebecca J; Savage, Cary R; Harris, Corey T

2011-10-01

This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) pilot study identified whether breakfast consumption would alter the neural activity in brain regions associated with food motivation and reward in overweight "breakfast skipping" (BS) adolescent girls and examined whether increased protein at breakfast would lead to additional alterations. Ten girls (Age: 15 ± 1 years; BMI percentile 93 ± 1%; BS 5 ± 1×/week) completed 3 testing days. Following the BS day, the participants were provided with, in randomized order, normal protein (NP; 18 ± 1 g protein) or higher protein (HP; 50 ± 1 g protein) breakfast meals to consume at home for 6 days. On day 7 of each pattern, the participants came to the laboratory to consume their respective breakfast followed by appetite questionnaires and an fMRI brain scan to identify brain activation responses to viewing food vs. nonfood images prior to lunch. Breakfast consumption led to enduring (i.e., 3-h post breakfast) reductions in neural activation in the hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate, and parahippocampus vs. BS. HP led to enduring reductions in insula and middle prefrontal cortex activation vs. NP. Hippocampal, amygdala, cingulate, and insular activations were correlated with appetite and inversely correlated with satiety. In summary, the addition of breakfast led to alterations in brain activation in regions previously associated with food motivation and reward with additional alterations following the higher-protein breakfast. These data suggest that increased dietary protein at breakfast might be a beneficial strategy to reduce reward-driven eating behavior in overweight teen girls. Due to the small sample size, caution is warranted when interpreting these preliminary findings.

A Summary of the Rendezvous, Proximity Operations, Docking, and Undocking (RPODU) Lessons Learned from the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Orbital Express (OE) Demonstration System Mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dennehy, Cornelius J.; Carpenter, James R.

2011-01-01

The Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GN&C) Technical Discipline Team (TDT) sponsored Dr. J. Russell Carpenter, a Navigation and Rendezvous Subject Matter Expert (SME) from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), to provide support to the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Orbital Express (OE) rendezvous and docking flight test that was conducted in 2007. When that DARPA OE mission was completed, Mr. Neil Dennehy, NASA Technical Fellow for GN&C, requested Dr. Carpenter document his findings (lessons learned) and recommendations for future rendezvous missions resulting from his OE support experience. This report captures lessons specifically from anomalies that occurred during one of OE's unmated operations.

Pedometer Accuracy in Elementary School Children while Walking, Skipping, Galloping, and Sliding

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, John Damien; Schroeder, Cynthia Ann

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of the SW-701 (Yamax Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and NL-800 (New-Lifestyles, Inc., Lee's Summit, Missouri, USA) pedometer in fifth-grade students while walking, skipping, galloping, sliding, and hopping. Counts registered by both pedometer models were significantly lower than actual counts while…

The Relationships of Balance and Bilateral Coordination to Skipping in Kindergarten Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hockersmith, Mary R.; Folsom-Meek, Sherry L.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of balance and bilateral coordination to the fundamental locomotor pattern of skipping in 5- and 6-year old children. Subjects were kindergarten students (N=30) who were attending an elementary school in the suburban Kansas City area. The investigators used items from the…

Effect of skip row planting configuration on grain sorghum water use

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. [Moench]) is grown as a dryland crop in the semi-arid Central Great Plains. Growing the crop in a skip row configuration has been proposed as a means of delaying water use during the vegetative stage such that more water will be available to be used during the more ...

75 FR 5866 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 4768

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-04

...: Application for Extension of Time To File a Return and/or Pay U.S. Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer... 4768, Application for Extension of Time To File a Return and/or Pay U.S. Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Taxes. DATES: Written comments should be received on or before April 5, 2010 to be...

Development and evaluation of an attractive self-marking ovitrap to measure dispersal and determine skip oviposition in Aedes albopictus(Diptera:Culicidae) field populations

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is a container-breeding mosquito of public health importance. Its oviposition behavior has been assessed in outdoor conditions, but only with laboratory-reared specimens. We used an attractive self-marking oviposition device to assess Ae. albopictus skip oviposition behavi...

Modeling Skipped and Not-Reached Items Using IRTrees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Debeer, Dries; Janssen, Rianne; De Boeck, Paul

2017-01-01

When dealing with missing responses, two types of omissions can be discerned: items can be skipped or not reached by the test taker. When the occurrence of these omissions is related to the proficiency process the missingness is nonignorable. The purpose of this article is to present a tree-based IRT framework for modeling responses and omissions…

Feeling 'too fat' rather than being 'too fat' increases unhealthy eating habits among adolescents - even in boys.

PubMed

van Vliet, Jolanda S; Gustafsson, Per A; Nelson, Nina

2016-01-01

Adolescence is a period of gender-specific physical changes, during which eating habits develop. To better understand what factors determine unhealthy eating habits such as dieting to lose weight, skipping meals, and consumption of unhealthy foods, we studied how physical measurements and body perception relate to eating habits in boys and girls, before and during adolescence. For this cross-sectional study, we obtained data from both written questionnaires and physical measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference (WC). Dieting to lose weight and skipping breakfast were more common among adolescents than among younger boys and girls (p<0.05). The strongest risk factor for dieting in both boys and girls was perception of overweight, which persisted after adjusting for age and for being overweight (p<0.01). Another independent risk factor for dieting behaviour was overweight, as defined by body mass index (BMI) among boys (p<0.01) and WC among girls (p<0.05). In both boys and girls, skipping breakfast was associated with both a more negative body perception and higher BMI (p<0.05). Skipping breakfast was also associated with age- and gender-specific unhealthy eating habits such as skipping other meals, lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, and higher consumption of sweets and sugary drinks (p<0.05). Body perception among adolescents is an important factor relating to unhealthy eating habits, not only in girls, but even in boys. Focus on body perception and eating breakfast daily is crucial for the development of healthy food consumption behaviours during adolescence and tracking into adulthood.

Word Skipping During Sentence Reading: Effects of Lexicality on Parafoveal Processing

PubMed Central

Choi, Wonil; Gordon, Peter C.

2013-01-01

Two experiments examined how lexical status affects the targeting of saccades during reading by using the boundary technique to vary independently the content of a letter string when seen in parafoveal preview and when directly fixated. Experiment 1 measured the skipping rate for a target word embedded in a sentence under three parafoveal preview conditions: full preview (e.g. brain-brain), pseudohomophone preview (e.g. brane-brain), and orthographic nonword control preview (e.g. brant-brain); in the first condition the preview string was always an English word while in the second and third conditions it was always a nonword. Experiment 2 investigated three conditions where the preview string was always a word: full preview (e.g. beach-beach), homophone preview (e.g. beech-beach), and orthographic control preview (e.g. bench-beach). None of the letter string manipulations used to create the preview conditions in the experiments disrupted sub-lexical orthographic or phonological patterns. In Experiment 1 higher skipping rates were observed for the full (lexical) preview condition, which consisted of a word, compared to the nonword preview conditions (pseudohomophone and orthographic-control). In contrast Experiment 2 showed no difference in skipping rates across the three types of lexical preview conditions (full, homophone and orthographic control), though preview type did influence reading times. This pattern indicates that skipping depends not only on the presence of disrupted sub-lexical patterns of orthography or phonology but is also critically dependent on processes that are sensitive to the lexical status of letter strings in the parafovea. PMID:24170376

Oxidative Stress Triggers Body-Wide Skipping of Multiple Exons of the Spinal Muscular Atrophy Gene

PubMed Central

Seo, Joonbae; Singh, Natalia N.; Ottesen, Eric W.; Sivanesan, Senthilkumar; Shishimorova, Maria; Singh, Ravindra N.

2016-01-01

Humans carry two nearly identical copies of Survival Motor Neuron gene: SMN1 and SMN2. Loss of SMN1 leads to spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the most frequent genetic cause of infant mortality. While SMN2 cannot compensate for the loss of SMN1 due to predominant skipping of exon 7, correction of SMN2 exon 7 splicing holds the promise of a cure for SMA. Previously, we used cell-based models coupled with a multi-exon-skipping detection assay (MESDA) to demonstrate the vulnerability of SMN2 exons to aberrant splicing under the conditions of oxidative stress (OS). Here we employ a transgenic mouse model and MESDA to examine the OS-induced splicing regulation of SMN2 exons. We induced OS using paraquat that is known to trigger production of reactive oxygen species and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. We show an overwhelming co-skipping of SMN2 exon 5 and exon 7 under OS in all tissues except testis. We also show that OS increases skipping of SMN2 exon 3 in all tissues except testis. We uncover several new SMN2 splice isoforms expressed at elevated levels under the conditions of OS. We analyze cis-elements and transacting factors to demonstrate the diversity of mechanisms for splicing misregulation under OS. Our results of proteome analysis reveal downregulation of hnRNP H as one of the potential consequences of OS in brain. Our findings suggest SMN2 as a sensor of OS with implications to SMA and other diseases impacted by low levels of SMN protein. PMID:27111068

Clinical characterisation of Becker muscular dystrophy patients predicts favourable outcome in exon-skipping therapy.

PubMed

van den Bergen, J C; Schade van Westrum, S M; Dekker, L; van der Kooi, A J; de Visser, M; Wokke, B H A; Straathof, C S; Hulsker, M A; Aartsma-Rus, A; Verschuuren, J J; Ginjaar, H B

2014-01-01

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) are both caused by mutations in the DMD gene. Out-of-frame mutations in DMD lead to absence of the dystrophin protein, while in-frame BMD mutations cause production of internally deleted dystrophin. Clinically, patients with DMD loose ambulance around the age of 12, need ventilatory support at their late teens and die in their third or fourth decade due to pulmonary or cardiac failure. BMD has a more variable disease course. The disease course of patients with BMD with specific mutations could be very informative to predict the outcome of the exon-skipping therapy, aiming to restore the reading-frame in patients with DMD. Patients with BMD with a mutation equalling a DMD mutation after successful exon skipping were selected from the Dutch Dystrophinopathy Database. Information about disease course was gathered through a standardised questionnaire. Cardiac data were collected from medical correspondence and a previous study on cardiac function in BMD. Forty-eight patients were included, representing 11 different mutations. Median age of patients was 43 years (range 6-67). Nine patients were wheelchair users (26-56 years). Dilated cardiomyopathy was present in 7/36 patients. Only one patient used ventilatory support. Three patients had died at the age of 45, 50 and 76 years, respectively. This study provides mutation specific data on the course of disease in patients with BMD. It shows that the disease course of patients with BMD, with a mutation equalling a 'skipped' DMD mutation is relatively mild. This finding strongly supports the potential benefit of exon skipping in patients with DMD.

New architecture for dynamic frame-skipping transcoder.

PubMed

Fung, Kai-Tat; Chan, Yui-Lam; Siu, Wan-Chi

2002-01-01

Transcoding is a key technique for reducing the bit rate of a previously compressed video signal. A high transcoding ratio may result in an unacceptable picture quality when the full frame rate of the incoming video bitstream is used. Frame skipping is often used as an efficient scheme to allocate more bits to the representative frames, so that an acceptable quality for each frame can be maintained. However, the skipped frame must be decompressed completely, which might act as a reference frame to nonskipped frames for reconstruction. The newly quantized discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of the prediction errors need to be re-computed for the nonskipped frame with reference to the previous nonskipped frame; this can create undesirable complexity as well as introduce re-encoding errors. In this paper, we propose new algorithms and a novel architecture for frame-rate reduction to improve picture quality and to reduce complexity. The proposed architecture is mainly performed on the DCT domain to achieve a transcoder with low complexity. With the direct addition of DCT coefficients and an error compensation feedback loop, re-encoding errors are reduced significantly. Furthermore, we propose a frame-rate control scheme which can dynamically adjust the number of skipped frames according to the incoming motion vectors and re-encoding errors due to transcoding such that the decoded sequence can have a smooth motion as well as better transcoded pictures. Experimental results show that, as compared to the conventional transcoder, the new architecture for frame-skipping transcoder is more robust, produces fewer requantization errors, and has reduced computational complexity.

A Glimpse Inside: Considering the Impact of Curriculum Outcomes and Personal Ideology on Social Studies Pedagogy: A Study Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hadley, Gregory R. L.; Young, David C.

2018-01-01

This article aims to explore how social studies teachers understand their role in the delivery of course content. Drawing on data from an interpretive study completed as part of a Master of Education degree, the article investigates how social studies teachers understand their personal ideology as it relates to their teaching, navigate the…

Doing away with Debt: Using Existing Resources to Ensure College Affordability for Low and Middle-Income Families. [Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Education Trust, 2013

2013-01-01

America's financial-aid system has become almost impossible to navigate and burdensome for those who need it most. Tuition and fees are skyrocketing, forcing almost half of college-going students to borrow. Low and middle-income students are taking on frightening levels of debt. Bachelor's degree recipients leave school with an average of $26,600…

Annual report of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (6th).administrative report including Technical Reports nos. 83 to 110

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1921-01-01

Report includes the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics letter of submittal to the President, Congressional report, summaries of the committee's activities and research accomplished, expenditures, House of Representatives bill 14061, a copy of the bill introduced to the House of Representatives to regulate air navigation, and a compilation of technical reports produced.

Summary Proceedings of the Future Navigation Systems Planning Conference, held 3-4 August 1982, Washington, DC.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

U.S. civil system managed by the civil administration, but it would be even easier if it were a system agreed to and Jointly financed by ICAO or some... Unicorns Park Drive 955 L’Enfant Plaza Woburn, MA 01801 Washington, D.C. 20024 84 r. C. Dennis Wright Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association P.O. Box 5800

USACE Regional Sediment Management and Engineering with Nature 2013 Workshop Summary

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-01

Tools into HEC-RAS St. Louis Kaskaskia River Navigation Channel Mobile Biodegradable Containment Structures for RSM Honolulu Hawaii RSM – Haleiwa...sediment from USACE to private entities for use. Share successes and lessons learned.  Increase the use of vegetation and other biodegradable ...beaches, and submerged mounds) and construction materials (e.g., reef balls, combination of rock sills and oyster bags , native plants, and

Electromagnetic-Optical Coherence Tomography Guidance of Transbronchial Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Biopsy

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-01

6 1. INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death accounting for more deaths than breast , prostate and colon...the cancer has spread, at which time patients have little chance of cure. Macroscopic imaging modalities including CT and bronchoscopy have made...Electromagnetic Navigation , Biopsy Guidance, Optical Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography, Lung Cancer , Optical needle. 3. OVERALL PROJECT SUMMARY

The Use of Satellite and Aircraft SAR to Detect and Chart Hazards to Navigation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-08-01

CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (W~ho D~Fiamwdj REPOT DCUMNTATON AGEREAD INSTRUCTIONSREPOT DCUMNTATON AGEBEFORE COMPLETING FORM I REPORT NUMBER 1 OVT ACCESSION AO. 3...Science Data Center is thanked for providing copies of selected SIR-A imagery. av L i _ _ _ .* . -_i [RIM RADAR DIVISION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 ...INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................ 5 3. SURVEY OF SAR

76 FR 48718 - Safety Zones; August Fireworks Displays and Swim Events in the Captain of the Port New York Zone

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-09

... AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing four... fireworks displays and swim events. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable... prohibited unless authorized by the COTP New York. DATES: This rule is effective in the CFR on August 9, 2011...

Nonparametric Multiple Imputation for Questionnaires with Individual Skip Patterns and Constraints: The Case of Income Imputation in The National Educational Panel Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aßmann, Christian; Würbach, Ariane; Goßmann, Solange; Geissler, Ferdinand; Bela, Anika

2017-01-01

Large-scale surveys typically exhibit data structures characterized by rich mutual dependencies between surveyed variables and individual-specific skip patterns. Despite high efforts in fieldwork and questionnaire design, missing values inevitably occur. One approach for handling missing values is to provide multiply imputed data sets, thus…

School Breakfast-Club Program Changes and Youth Eating Breakfast during the School Week in the COMPASS Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leatherdale, Scott T.; Stefanczyk, Jennifer M.; Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.

2016-01-01

Background: Despite the importance of breakfast consumption, breakfast skipping is common among Canadian youth. This study examines how changes to school-based breakfast programs are associated with breakfast-skipping behavior. Methods: Using school-level longitudinal data from Year 1 (Y[subscript 1]: 2012-2013) and Year 2 (Y[subscript 2]:…