Realization of GaInP/Si dual-junction solar cells with 29.8% 1-sun efficiency

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Essig, Stephanie; Steiner, Myles A.; Allebe, Christophe

Combining a Si solar cell with a high-bandgap top cell reduces the thermalization losses in the short wavelength and enables theoretical 1-sun efficiencies far over 30%. We have investigated the fabrication and optimization of Si-based tandem solar cells with 1.8-eV rear-heterojunction GaInP top cells. The III-V and Si heterojunction subcells were fabricated separately and joined by mechanical stacking using electrically insulating optically transparent interlayers. Our GaInP/Si dual-junction solar cells have achieved a certified cumulative 1-sun efficiency of 29.8% ± 0.6% (AM1.5g) in four-terminal operation conditions, which exceeds the record 1-sun efficiencies achieved with both III-V and Si single-junction solar cells.more » Furthermore, the effect of luminescent coupling between the subcells has been investigated, and optical losses in the solar cell structure have been addressed.« less

Multidisciplinary breast centres in Germany: a review and update of quality assurance through benchmarking and certification.

PubMed

Wallwiener, Markus; Brucker, Sara Y; Wallwiener, Diethelm

2012-06-01

This review summarizes the rationale for the creation of breast centres and discusses the studies conducted in Germany to obtain proof of principle for a voluntary, external benchmarking programme and proof of concept for third-party dual certification of breast centres and their mandatory quality management systems to the German Cancer Society (DKG) and German Society of Senology (DGS) Requirements of Breast Centres and ISO 9001 or similar. In addition, we report the most recent data on benchmarking and certification of breast centres in Germany. Review and summary of pertinent publications. Literature searches to identify additional relevant studies. Updates from the DKG/DGS programmes. Improvements in surrogate parameters as represented by structural and process quality indicators suggest that outcome quality is improving. The voluntary benchmarking programme has gained wide acceptance among DKG/DGS-certified breast centres. This is evidenced by early results from one of the largest studies in multidisciplinary cancer services research, initiated by the DKG and DGS to implement certified breast centres. The goal of establishing a nationwide network of certified breast centres in Germany can be considered largely achieved. Nonetheless the network still needs to be improved, and there is potential for optimization along the chain of care from mammography screening, interventional diagnosis and treatment through to follow-up. Specialization, guideline-concordant procedures as well as certification and recertification of breast centres remain essential to achieve further improvements in quality of breast cancer care and to stabilize and enhance the nationwide provision of high-quality breast cancer care.

Sun exposure and risk of melanoma

PubMed Central

Oliveria, S A; Saraiya, M; Geller, A C; Heneghan, M K; Jorgensen, C

2006-01-01

Background As skin cancer education programmes directed to children and adolescents continue to expand, an epidemiological basis for these programmes is necessary to target efforts and plan for further evaluation. Aims To summarise the epidemiological evidence on sun exposure during childhood and adolescence and melanoma risk. Methods A literature review was conducted using Medline (1966 to December 2004) to identify articles relating to sun exposure and melanoma. The review was restricted to studies that included sun exposure information on subjects 18 years of age or younger. Results Migrant studies generally indicate an increased melanoma risk in individuals who spent childhood in sunny geographical locations, and decreasing melanoma risk with older age at arrival. Individuals who resided in geographical locations close to the equator or close to the coast during childhood and/or adolescence have an increased melanoma risk compared to those who lived at higher latitudes or never lived near the coast. The intermittent exposure hypothesis remains controversial; some studies indicate that children and adolescents who received intermittent sun exposure during vacation, recreation, or occupation are at increased melanoma risk as adults, but more recent studies suggest intermittent exposure to have a protective effect. The majority of sunburn studies suggest a positive association between early age sunburn and subsequent risk of melanoma. Conclusion Future research efforts should focus on: (1) clarifying the relation between sun exposure and melanoma; (2) conducting prospective studies; (3) assessing sun exposure during different time periods of life using a reliable and quantitative method; (4) obtaining information on protective measures; and (5) examining the interrelations between ability to tan, propensity to burn, skin type, history of sunburns, timing and pattern of sun exposure, number of nevi, and other host factors in the child and adolescent populations. PMID:16326797

Measurements for certification of chlortetracycline reference materials within the European Union Standards, Measurements and Testing programme.

PubMed

Juhel-Gaugain, M; McEvoy, J D; VanGinkel, L A

2000-12-01

The experimental design of a material certification programme is described. The matrix reference materials (RMs) comprised chlortetracycline (CTC)-containing and CTC-free lyophilised porcine liver, kidney and muscle produced under the European Commission's Standards Measurements and Testing (SMT) programme. The aim of the certification programme was to determine accurately and precisely the concentration of CTC and 4-epi-chlortetracycline (epi-CTC) contained in the RMs. A multi-laboratory approach was used to certify analyte concentrations. Participants (n = 19) were instructed to strictly adhere to previously established guidelines. Following the examination of analytical performance criteria, statistical manipulation of results submitted by 13 laboratories, (6 withdrew) allowed an estimate to be made of the true value of the analyte content. The Nalimov test was used for detection of outlying results. The Cochran and Bartlett tests were employed for testing the homogeneity of variances. The normality of results distribution was tested according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov-Lilliefors test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to calculate the within and between-laboratory standard deviations, the overall mean and confidence interval for the CTC and epi-CTC content of each of the RMs. Certified values were within or very close to the target concentration ranges specified in the SMT contract. These studies have demonstrated the successful production and certification of CTC-containing and CTC-free porcine RMs.

Ra: The Sun for Science and Humanity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

To guide the development of the Ra Strategic Framework, we defined scientific and applications objectives. For our primary areas of scientific interest, we choose the corona, the solar wind, the Sun's effect on the Earth, and solar theory and model development. For secondary areas of scientific interest, we selected sunspots, the solar constant, the Sun's gravitational field, helioseismology and the galactic cosmic rays. We stress the importance of stereoscopic imaging, observations at high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions, as well as of long duration measurements. Further exploration of the Sun's polar regions is also important, as shown already by the Ulysses mission. From an applications perspective, we adopted three broad objectives that would derive complementary inputs for the Strategic Framework. These were to identify and investigate: possible application spin-offs from science missions, possible solar-terrestrial missions dedicated to a particular application, and possible future applications that require technology development. The Sun can be viewed as both a source of resources and of threats. Our principal applications focus was that of threat mitigation, by examining ways to improve solar threat monitoring and early warning systems. We compared these objectives to the mission objectives of past, current, and planned international solar missions. Past missions (1962-1980) seem to have been focused on improvement of scientific knowledge, using multiple instrument spacecraft. A ten year gap followed this period, during which the results from previous missions were analyzed and solar study programmes were prepared in international organizations. Current missions (1990-1996) focus on particular topics such as the corona, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections. In planned missions, Sun/Earth interactions and environmental effects of solar activity are becoming more important. The corona is the centre of interest of almost all planned missions. It seems that no international long-term strategy has yet been adopted. For these plans the number of necessary future missions can be reduced and the onboard instrumentation can be optimized by performing a comparative analysis. The study of the corona must be done from different observing locations, orbits closer to the Sun, and by different means. The Cluster mission replacement is in progress; however, if the replacement is not implemented, the ISTP programme will fade after 1998. Furthermore, the physics of the Sun's interior should be emphasized more in the Mid- and Far-Term programmes. Finally, more emphasis should be placed on monitoring space weather and forecasting Sun/Earth interactions.

Guidelines for the development of social marketing programmes for sun protection among adolescents and young adults.

PubMed

Johnson, K M; Jones, S C; Iverson, D

2009-09-01

To formulate 'best practice' guidelines for social marketing programmes for adolescents' and young adults' sun protection. A Delphi consensus process. Eleven experts in sun protection and social marketing participated in a Delphi consensus process, where they were asked to provide up to 10 key points, based on their knowledge and practical experience, which they felt were most important in developing social marketing interventions for the primary prevention of skin cancer among adolescents and young adults. After reaching consensus, the evidence base for each guideline was determined and graded via the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network grading system. Participants were then asked to indicate how strongly they rated the finalized 15 recommendations based on all aspects relating to their knowledge and practical opinion, as well as the research evidence, on a visual analogue scale. The resultant 15 guidelines offer general principles for sun protection interventions utilizing a social marketing approach. This method of guideline development brought the expertise of practitioners to the forefront of guideline development, whilst still utilizing established methods of evidence confirmation. It thus offers a useful method for guideline development in a public health context.

Baseline survey of sun protection policies and practices in primary school settings in New Zealand.

PubMed

Reeder, A I; Jopson, J A; Gray, A

2009-10-01

The SunSmart Schools Accreditation Programme (SSAP) was launched as a national programme in October 2005 to help reduce the risk of excessive child exposure to ultraviolet radiation. As part of the need for evaluation, this paper reports the findings of a national survey of a randomly selected sample of approximately 12% of New Zealand primary schools prior to the national launch of the SSAP. Principals at 242 schools completed a mail survey (81% response rate) relating to school sun protection policies, practices, curriculum and environment. Survey responses were evaluated according to the 12 criteria of the SSAP, with schools assigned a score from 0 to 12. No school fully met all 12 accreditation criteria, although 2% of schools attained 11 criteria and another 2% attained 10. Nine per cent of schools attained three or fewer criteria. Overall, 7 was the most common score, achieved by 23%. School socio-economic decile rating and roll size were positively associated with higher scores (both P < 0.02). Continued support and resources are needed to encourage schools to address sun protection across the spectrum of curriculum, practices and environment and through commitment to written policy.

Child sun protection: sun-related attitudes mediate the association between children's knowledge and behaviours.

PubMed

Wright, Caradee; Reeder, Anthony I; Gray, Andrew; Cox, Brian

2008-12-01

To describe and investigate the relationship among the sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of New Zealand primary schoolchildren and consider the roles of sex and school year level. A randomly selected, two-stage cluster sample of 488 children from 27 primary schools in five regions of New Zealand was surveyed regarding their sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. A scoring system was used to assign a knowledge, attitude and behaviour score to each child. Although knowledge increased with school year level, there was a decline in sun protective attitudes and behaviours. There was little variation in knowledge, attitudes and behaviour between boys and girls, but sex-year level interactions were found for knowledge and behaviour. When considering children's knowledge, attitudes and behaviours simultaneously, knowledge was only significantly associated with behaviours when mediated by attitudes. When targeting child sun protection and skin cancer prevention programmes, a focus on attitudes towards sun exposure and a suntan may prove beneficial in influencing sun-related behaviours.

Sun protection use behaviour among University students from 25 low, middle income and emerging economy countries.

PubMed

Pengpid, Supa; Peltzer, Karl

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the sun protection use behaviour among university students from 25 low, middle income and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 18,687 undergraduate university students aged 18-30 years (mean age 20.8, SD=2.8) from 26 universities in 25 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Overall, 57.2% of university students reported liking to sunbathe and of those only 48.1% used sun protection when sunbathing. In multivariate logistic regression, younger age, being female, coming from a wealthy or quite well off economic family background, living in an upper middle or high income country, lighter skin tone, and other health behaviours were found to be associated with sun protection use behaviour. Low sun protection use calls for health promotion programmes to prevent unprotected sun exposure.

Certified Integral Programme Management for R&D European Projects in Marine Sciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, Ayoze; Hildebrandt, silvia; Quevedo, Eduardo; Meme, Simone; Loustau, Josefina; Hernandez-Brito, Joaquin; Llinás, Octavio

2017-04-01

The Oceanic Platform of the Canary Islands (PLOCAN) is a multipurpose service centre with novel land-based and sea-based infrastructures to support research, technology development an innovation in the marine and maritime sectors. Its mission is to promote long-term observation and sustainability of the ocean, providing a cost-effective combination of services, such as observatories, test site, base for underwater vehicles, training and innovation hub. PLOCAN has been actively participating in the European Commission Blue Growth strategy to support sustainable growth in the marine and maritime sectors as a whole. As a result, during the period 2014-2016, there has been a particularly high increase in the number of projects in execution in the organization. In order to successfully manage this situation, the development of a robust, effective and certified programme management system has turned out to be essential. To do so, an integral management methodology was specifically created and has successfully passed the ISO 9001:2008 certification in 2016.

A status update on EUMETSAT programmes and plans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klaes, K. Dieter

2017-09-01

The mandate of EUMETSAT is providing space observations for operational meteorology and climate monitoring. EUMETSAT operates geostationary and sun-synchronous polar orbiting satellites through mandatory programmes. Optional programmes provide further observations for altimetry and oceanography. EUMETSAT makes available data from partner agencies' satellites to the user community through third party programmes. The current fleet of operational geostationary spacecraft comprises Meteosat-7, which is the last satellite of the first generation and the four satellites of the Second Generation of Meteosat (MSG), Meteosat-8, Meteosat-9, Meteosat-10 and Meteosat-11. The EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) provides data from sun-synchronous polar orbit with currently two satellites: Metop-B, the second of a series of three satellites, launched in September 2012 and currently the prime satellite, and Metop-A, the first of the series, in orbit since October 2006. These satellites are part of the Initial Joint Polar System (IJPS) together with the US. EUMETSAT's first optional programme continues to provide data from the Jason-2 satellite since summer 2008. The follow on satellite Jason-3 was successfully launched and commissioned in 2016 and is now providing the reference altimetry mission. To assure continuity in the mandatory missions the development of Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) is ongoing. The EPS-SG EPS Second generation) programme is now under full development. In the frame of the Copernicus Programme EUMETSAT operates the Sentinel-3A satellite, which was launched in February 2016. EUMETSAT is providing operational marine products from the Sentinel-3A satellite. Sentinel-3B, is scheduled to be launched early 2018.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gorton, Ian

As the sun slowly sets of this first decade of the new millenium, it seems appropriate to update the sojourn of the real programmers as they adapt to their ever changing technical and business environment. Real Programmers were perfectly characterized and differentiated from their quiche-eating, Pascal programming brethren in Ed Post’s seminal “Real Programmers Don’t Use Pascal” (Datamation, 1983). My follow-up ("Real programmers do use Delphi," Software, IEEE , vol.12, no.6, pp.8, 10, 12-, Nov 1995) charted their evolution from FORTRAN-only programmers to embracing a wider range of mainstream languages and tools that still afforded ample opportunity for creativity, game-playing,more » irregular work hours, and importantly, long-term job security.« less

Occupational sun protection: workplace culture, equipment provision and outdoor workers' characteristics.

PubMed

Reeder, Anthony I; Gray, Andrew; McCool, Judith P

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe outdoor workers' sun-protective practices, workplace sun-safety culture and sun-protective equipment provision; investigate the association of demographic, personal and occupational factors with sun-protective practices; and identify potential strategies for improving workers' sun protection. The present study used a clustered survey design with randomly identified employers in nine occupations. Employees provided questionnaire measures of demographics, personal characteristics (skin type, skin cancer risk perceptions, tanning attitudes, sun-exposure knowledge), personal occupational sun protection practices (exposure reduction, use of sun-protective clothing, sunscreen and shade), workplace sun-protective equipment provision and perceived workplace sun-safety culture. Summative scores were calculated for attitudes, knowledge, workplace provision and culture. A multivariable model was built with worker and workplace variables as plausible predictors of personal sun protection. In this study, 1,061 workers (69% participation) from 112 workplaces provided sufficient information for analysis. Sex, age, prioritized ethnicity, education and risk perception differed significantly between occupational groups (p<0.001), as did workers' sun-protective practices and workplace sun-protection equipment provision and supportive culture. After adjustment, each one-point increase in Workplace Sun-safety Culture 2013Score (range 12 points) was associated with a 0.16 higher Personal Sun-Protection Score (p<0.001), and each one-point increase in Workplace Provision Score (range 4 points) was associated with a 0.14 higher score (p<0.001). Sun Protection Score was significantly associated with skin response to sun exposure (p<0.001), female sex (p=0.021), tanning attitudes (p=0.022) and occupation (p=0.049), but not ethnicity, age education, knowledge or skin cancer risk perception. Protective equipment provision and sun-protective workplace culture are promising components for the development of comprehensive programmes to improve outdoor workers' sun-protective practices.

A Modular Approach for Training Employees in the Automotive Service Sector: A Case Study in Turkey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arslan, Ridvan; Kus, Abdil

2012-01-01

Certified education aimed at developing and documenting professional growth is an important issue for lifelong learning in developing countries. Some firms and educational institutions have applied different educational models to keep up with technological innovations. This study examines a Turkish programme for employees in the automotive sector…

Multimodality cardiac imaging at IRCCS Policlinico San Donato: a new interdisciplinary vision.

PubMed

Lombardi, Massimo; Secchi, Francesco; Pluchinotta, Francesca R; Castelvecchio, Serenella; Montericcio, Vincenzo; Camporeale, Antonia; Bandera, Francesco

2016-04-28

Multimodality imaging is the efficient integration of various methods of cardiovascular imaging to improve the ability to diagnose, guide therapy, or predict outcome. This approach implies both the availability of different technologies in a single unit and the presence of dedicated staff with cardiologic and radiologic background and certified competence in more than one imaging technique. Interaction with clinical practice and existence of research programmes and educational activities are pivotal for the success of this model. The aim of this paper is to describe the multimodality cardiac imaging programme recently started at San Donato Hospital.

Solar Orbiter: Exploring the Sun-Heliosphere Connection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, D.; Marsden, R. G.; St.Cyr, O. C.; Gilbert, H. R.

2013-01-01

The heliosphere represents a uniquely accessible domain of space, where fundamental physical processes common to solar, astrophysical and laboratory plasmas can be studied under conditions impossible to reproduce on Earth and unfeasible to observe from astronomical distances. Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015 - 2025 programme, will address the central question of heliophysics: How does the Sun create and control the heliosphere? In this paper, we present the scientific goals of the mission and provide an overview of the mission implementation.

Solar Orbiter Exploring the Sun-Heliosphere Connection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Daniel; Marsden, Richard George; Cyr, O. C. St.; Gilbert, Holly Robin

2012-01-01

The heliosphere represents a uniquely accessible domain of space, where fundamental physical processes common to solar, astrophysical and laboratory plasmas can be studied under conditions impossible to reproduce on Earth and unfeasible to observe from astronomical distances. Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015 - 2025 programme, will address the central question of heliophysics: How does the Sun create and control the heliosphere? In this paper, we present the scientific goals of the mission and provide an overview of the mission implementation.

Image-Processing Software For A Hypercube Computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Meemong; Mazer, Alan S.; Groom, Steven L.; Williams, Winifred I.

1992-01-01

Concurrent Image Processing Executive (CIPE) is software system intended to develop and use image-processing application programs on concurrent computing environment. Designed to shield programmer from complexities of concurrent-system architecture, it provides interactive image-processing environment for end user. CIPE utilizes architectural characteristics of particular concurrent system to maximize efficiency while preserving architectural independence from user and programmer. CIPE runs on Mark-IIIfp 8-node hypercube computer and associated SUN-4 host computer.

An Alternative Graduate Teacher Inclusive Preparation Programme in Early Childhood Education: A Collaboration Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gelfer, Jeffrey I.; Krasch, Delilah J.; O'Hara, Kathleen S.

2015-01-01

Teacher shortages are a pervasive global issue that is expected to continue, especially in low-performing, high-needs schools [O'Connor, E. A., Malow, M. S., & Bisland, B. M. (2011). Mentorship and instruction received during training: Views of alternatively certified teachers. "Educational Review," 63(2), 219-232]. In an effort to…

Certified ion implantation fluence by high accuracy RBS.

PubMed

Colaux, Julien L; Jeynes, Chris; Heasman, Keith C; Gwilliam, Russell M

2015-05-07

From measurements over the last two years we have demonstrated that the charge collection system based on Faraday cups can robustly give near-1% absolute implantation fluence accuracy for our electrostatically scanned 200 kV Danfysik ion implanter, using four-point-probe mapping with a demonstrated accuracy of 2%, and accurate Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) of test implants from our quality assurance programme. The RBS is traceable to the certified reference material IRMM-ERM-EG001/BAM-L001, and involves convenient calibrations both of the electronic gain of the spectrometry system (at about 0.1% accuracy) and of the RBS beam energy (at 0.06% accuracy). We demonstrate that accurate RBS is a definitive method to determine quantity of material. It is therefore useful for certifying high quality reference standards, and is also extensible to other kinds of samples such as thin self-supporting films of pure elements. The more powerful technique of Total-IBA may inherit the accuracy of RBS.

Press briefing on results from the solar spacecraft SOHO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1998-04-01

After its launch on 2 December 1995, SOHO travelled to take up a special orbit 1.5 million kilometres away on the sunward side of the Earth, where the Sun never sets. The full scientific programme began in April 1996. The occasion for the briefing is the celebration of that second anniversary and of the mission's extension to 2003. Organized by the European Space Agency, the briefing will be hosted by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, which is near Oxford. Leading scientists associated with SOHO will announce to the press some remarkable new discoveries about the Sun's interior, atmosphere and solar wind. They will also briefly review the main achievements of the past two years. The role of SOHO as the chief watchdog for storms on the Sun that may affect the Earth will be demonstrated. Europe's creation of the finest spacecraft ever built to observe the Sun will be recalled by a top engineer from ESA. A speaker from NASA will explain transatlantic contributions to SOHO, which is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. ESA's director of science will also be present, to relate SOHO to ESA's general science programme. A lunch-time talk by the BNSC's director of science completes the line-up of speakers. This is also an exceptional opportunity for the press to meet and interview scientists from all over Europe and the USA, who are attending a meeting at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory of SOHO's Science Working Team (SWT). Journalists are usually excluded from such meetings. The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory plays a prominent part in SOHO, particularly through its provision of the CDS ultraviolet spectrometer. A visit to the CDS group will provide a chance to see what space research is really like. Please indicate your intention to attend, on the accreditation form that follows the schedule. Guidance on how to get to the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory is appended. PROGRAMME Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), 28 April 1998 10:30 Assembly of media representatives, with coffee 11:00 Press briefing starts: welcome to RAL and SOHO Richard Harrison, RAL, principal investigator for SOHO/CDS Congratulatory remarks Roger Bonnet, Director of Science, European Space Agency, Paris The watch on the Sun, including images of the day from SOHO Richard Harrison and link to Goddard Space Flight Center SOHO: technological highlights John Credland, Head of Scientific Projects, ESTEC, Noordwijk International cooperation David Bohlin, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, USA Scientific highlights and news from SOHO: Inside the Sun (helioseismology) :Douglas Gough, University of Cambridge The Sun's atmosphere : Eric Priest, University of St Andrews The solar wind and particles : Antoinette Galvin, University of New Hampshire ESA's science programme : Roger Bonnet, Director of Science, European Space Agency, Paris 12:00 Questions and answers 12:15 Press visit to the SOHO/CDS facility at RAL 12:45 Buffet lunch, with remarks by: Paul Murdin, Director of Science, British National Space Centre, and Head of Astronomy, PPARC 12:15-14:00 Opportunities for interviews 14:00 Resumption of Science Working Team technical meeting - Media representatives are welcome to attend. SOHO Science Presentations : D. Gough - Helioseismology E. Priest - Solar Atmosphere A. Galvin - Solar Wind and Particles 15:30-16:00 Discussion and closing remarks

Implementation of minimal invasive gynaecological surgery certification will challenge gynaecologists with new legal and ethical issues.

PubMed

Tanos, V; Socolov, R; Demetriou, P; Kyprianou, M; Watrelot, A; Van Belle, Y; Campo, R

2016-06-27

The introduction of a certification / diploma program in Minimal Invasive Surgery (MIS) is expected to improve surgical performance, patient's safety and outcome. The Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgical Education and Assessment programme (GESEA) and the ESHRE Certification for Reproductive Endoscopic Surgery (ECRES) provides a structured learning path, recognising different pillars of competence. In order to achieve a high level of competence a two steps validation is necessary: (a) the individual should be certified of having the appropriate theoretical knowledge and (b) the endoscopic psychomotor skills before entering in the diploma programme reflecting the surgical competence. The influence of such an educational and credentialing path could improve safety and offer financial benefits to the hospitals, physicians and healthcare authorities. Moreover the medicolegal consequences can be important when a significant amount of surgeons possess the different diplomas. As the programs are becoming universally accessible, recognised as the best scientific standard, included in the continuous medical education (CME) and continuous professional development (CPD), it is expected that a significant number of surgeons will soon accomplish the diploma path. The co-existence and practice of both non-certified and certified surgeons with different degrees of experience is unavoidable. However, it is expected that national health systems (NHS), hospitals and insurance companies will demand and hire doctors with high and specific proficiency to endoscopic surgery. When medico-legal cases are under investigation, the experts should be aware of the limitations that individual experience provides. The court first of all examines and then judges if there is negligence and decides accordingly. However, lack of certification may be considered as negligence by a surgeon operating a case that eventual faces litigation problems. Patients' safety and objective preoperative counselling are mandatory, directly connected to MIS certification while eliminating any dispute of surgeons' credibility.

Factors associated with sun protection compliance: results from a nationwide cross-sectional evaluation of 2215 patients from a dermatological consultation.

PubMed

Sattler, U; Thellier, S; Sibaud, V; Taïeb, C; Mery, S; Paul, C; Meyer, N

2014-06-01

Campaigns designed to promote sun protection often fail to induce long-term changes in behaviour. There is limited information on patients with low compliance to sun protection recommendations from dermatologists. To characterize dermatology patients at higher risk of low compliance to sun protection measures, and to investigate the relationship between sun protection behaviour, knowledge about accurate sun protection recommendations, ultraviolet (UV)-associated risks and level of UV exposure. An anonymous self-administered multiple-choice questionnaire was distributed by dermatologists to patients receiving a sunscreen prescription. Four domains were explored: sun protection behaviour, sun protection knowledge, level of UV exposure and knowledge about UV-associated risks. We modelled sun protection behaviour and determined factors associated with low compliance to sun protection measures. In total 2215 questionnaires were analysed. Patients stratified by risk who better complied with sun protection measures had a better knowledge of UV-associated risks (mean score 14·45 ± 3·20 vs. 12·75 ± 3·29 and 11·20 ± 3·80, P < 0·0001) and sun protection measures (mean score 12·08 ± 2·79 vs. 10·68 ± 3·11 and 9·00 ± 3·63, P < 0·0001). Patients who better complied with sun protection measures also reported higher levels of sun exposure (mean score 4·24 ± 2·26 vs. 4·02 ± 2·05 and 3·34 ± 2·14, P < 0·0001). Factors associated with low adherence to sun protection behaviour were age below 20 or over 64 years, male sex, lower knowledge about accurate sun protection recommendations and UV-associated risks, and low UV exposure. This study shows the complex relationship between UV exposure, knowledge about UV-associated risks, and knowledge about sun protection recommendations and behaviour. Future skin cancer prevention programmes should focus on specific populations with low sun protection behaviour and high UV exposure. © 2014 British Association of Dermatologists.

System Dynamics and Management Science Approaches Toward Increasing Acquisition Process Efficiency

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-30

research programme, Summary of Research Report 126, ISBN 978-1-85908-475-5, The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants ( ACCA ), London, UK...2003). Especially in a time of financial shortfalls and cuts in public budgets together with increasing infrastructure costs, PPPs become a popular...models can be found for example in (Lyneis, 2007; Garcia, 2009; Sterman, 2000). Benefits of the Project Client and the Financial Aspects The next

Trajectory Design Tools for Libration and Cis-Lunar Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Folta, David C.; Webster, Cassandra M.; Bosanac, Natasha; Cox, Andrew; Guzzetti, Davide; Howell, Kathleen C.

2016-01-01

Innovative trajectory design tools are required to support challenging multi-body regimes with complex dynamics, uncertain perturbations, and the integration of propulsion influences. Two distinctive tools, Adaptive Trajectory Design and the General Mission Analysis Tool have been developed and certified to provide the astrodynamics community with the ability to design multi-body trajectories. In this paper we discuss the multi-body design process and the capabilities of both tools. Demonstrable applications to confirmed missions, the Lunar IceCube Cubesat lunar mission and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Sun-Earth L2 mission, are presented.

Program For Generating Interactive Displays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costenbader, Jay; Moleski, Walt; Szczur, Martha; Howell, David; Engelberg, Norm; Li, Tin P.; Misra, Dharitri; Miller, Philip; Neve, Leif; Wolf, Karl;

Watching the Moon from Tenerife

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baruch, John; Machell, James; Norris, Kath

2005-01-01

"Where does the Sun go at night?" or "Why don't the Australians fall off?" are typical of the innocent questions that children ask. A new "Earth and Beyond" primary science learning programme from the University of Bradford is piloting some exciting ways to engage children with these questions and providing…

Solar exposure of sunglasses: aging test display

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gomes, L. M.; Masili, M.; Momesso, G. A.; Silva, F. M.; Ventura, L.

2018-02-01

In previous studies conducted in our lab, we have been investigating the aging effects on sunglasses. Some preliminary results have been indicating changes on the UV protection on the lenses. Therefore, besides irradiating the samples with a proper sun simulator, we have also been concerned on exposing the sunglasses to natural sun for further investigation and comparisons. Thus, this project aims expose the lenses for 24 months using an automatic solar exposition station, which consists of a series of 5 panels, housing 60 lenses arranged in the vertical position to the ground, which will be irradiated by the sun from sunrise until sunset. A box structure moves along a rail, driven by a motor and then the lenses are exposed. Humidity, rain, temperature, dust and UV index sensors, as well as a video camera are part of the system. The exposure time and UV index will be recorded and automatic opening or closing the box system may also be controlled by a PC using a webserver. The system was tested in working conditions, i.e. exposed to the weather and being automatically controlled, for five months to certifying that the samples could be exposed without being damaged. The next step of the research is to start the exposition cycles and to measure the expected transmittance variations after each cycle.

Evaluating a Greek National Action on Students' Training on ICT and Programming Competences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riviou, Katerina; Papakonstantinou, Katerina; Tsanakas, Panayotis

It is well understood that university graduates, regardless of discipline, must have appropriate information and communication technology (ICT) competencies to function and be employable in the modern world. Nevertheless, the results of surveys indicate significant deficiencies in the use of ICT by students of higher education. e-kpaidefteite.gr is an initiative launched by the Greek government that aims to train and certify students of higher education on ICT. This paper presents the results of two separate surveys that took place during the period December 2008 - January 2009. The first survey targeted the students that have completed the programme and the second one the educational providers that participated in the programme and offered the training to the beneficiaries.

ORAC-DR -- Programmer's Guide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jenness, Tim; Economou, Frossie; Cavanagh, Brad

ORAC-DR is a general purpose automatic data reduction pipeline environment. This document describes how to modify data reduction recipes and how to add new instruments. For a general overview of ORAC-DR see SUN/230. For specific information on how to reduce the data for a particular instrument, please consult the appropriate ORAC-DR instrument guide.

Successful implementation of the European Resuscitation Council basic life support course as mandatory peer-led training for medical students.

PubMed

Grove, Erik L; Løfgren, Bo

2014-04-01

We aimed to implement the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) basic life support (BLS) and automated external defibrillator (AED) course as a mandatory peer-led training programme for medical students and to evaluate the satisfaction with this course. Medical students certified as ERC BLS/AED instructors were recruited as student trainers and organizers of the course, which was included as a mandatory part of the curriculum for second-year medical students before first clinical rotation. After each course, questionnaires were distributed to evaluate the peer-led training programme. In total, 146 students were trained and assessed. The quality of the course was rated as 9.4±0.8 (10-point scale, 10 being best), and the majority (95%) felt better prepared for their clinical rotation. Implementation of the ERC BLS/AED course as a mandatory peer-led training programme for medical students is feasible. The course has been very well accepted and the students feel better prepared for their first clinical rotation.

Sun-protection habits of primary students in a coastal area of Greece.

PubMed

Saridi, M; Toska, A; Rekleiti, M; Wozniak, G; Liachopoulou, A; Kalokairinou, A; Souliotis, K; Birbas, K

2012-01-01

Aim. The aim of the present study was to record habits and attitudes of primary school students in Greece regarding sun-protection measures. Materials and Methods. 2,163 students with an average age of 9.9 (±1.1) years, studying in 14 schools of a Greek region, constituted our sample. The SPSS 17.0 software was used for the statistical analysis and significance level was set to P ≤ 0.05. Results. Our sample had an equal gender distribution. 16% of the students belonged to the high-risk group, 70.2% of the participants lived 0-5 km away from the sea (urban area), 84.2% of the students were Greek, and 15.8% had non-Greek nationality. Half of the participants said they wear a hat when under the sun and 72% of them said they use sunscreen. 33.1% of the students said they had a sunburn last summer. Greek students as well as those who lived near the sea had better behaviour patterns regarding sun protection. Finally, children who did not use a sunscreen systematically had suffered sunburns more often than the rest. Conclusions. Health education programmes are necessary for students and parents/teachers alike, in order to raise awareness about everyday sun protection.

Sun-related knowledge and attitudes of primary and secondary schoolchildren in western Switzerland.

PubMed

Vuadens, Anne; Ackermann, Simone; Levi, Fabio; Bulliard, Jean-Luc

2017-09-01

Switzerland, particularly its western region, has the highest incidence of melanoma in Europe. Although the risk of melanoma increases with sun overexposure during childhood, sun-related knowledge and attitudes of Swiss children are scarcely documented. We report the first investigation of the knowledge of the danger of ultraviolet radiation, attitudes towards a suntan and parental influence of schoolchildren in western Switzerland. All fifth, eighth and eleventh graders (average ages of 9, 12 and 15, respectively) in the 18 primary (fifth grade, n=431) and secondary (eighth and eleventh grades, n=837) public schools of La Chaux-de-Fonds were surveyed during regular school classes. The response rate was 91% (1154/1268). Sun-related knowledge was high overall. Eight out of 10 children knew about the risk of skin cancer and recognized the most susceptible phototype. Knowledge increased significantly with age. Girls, older children, fair-skinned participants and those who preferred a tanned skin obtained the highest knowledge score. The main source of information on ultraviolet radiation and sun protection was their parents (76%), followed by the school (11%) and the media (9%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified higher sun-related knowledge, lower familial socioprofessional status and skin phototypes III-IV to be associated with a tan-seeking attitude. Parental sensitization (56%) and encouragement (61%) towards sun protection were more common among fair-skinned children and those of higher familial socioprofessional status. The high awareness of the risk of skin cancer among Swiss schoolchildren does not translate into appropriate attitudes. Community-wide intervention programmes involving parents, teachers, peers and primary care clinicians could be considered for Swiss prevention campaigns to improve children's sun behaviour and change their current pro-tan attitude.

Wine biotechnology in South Africa: towards a systems approach to wine science.

PubMed

Moore, John P; Divol, Benoit; Young, Philip R; Nieuwoudt, Hélène H; Ramburan, Viresh; du Toit, Maret; Bauer, Florian F; Vivier, Melané A

2008-11-01

The wine industry in South Africa is over three centuries old and over the last decade has reemerged as a significant competitor in world wine markets. The Institute for Wine Biotechnology (IWBT) was established in partnership with the Department of Viticulture and Oenology at Stellenbosch University to foster basic fundamental research in the wine sciences leading to applications in the broader wine and grapevine industries. This review focuses on the different research programmes of the Institute (grapevine, yeast and bacteria biotechnology programmes, and chemical-analytical research), commercialisation activities (SunBio) and new initiatives to integrate the various research disciplines. An important focus of future research is the Wine Science Research Niche Area programme, which connects the different research thrusts of the IWBT and of several research partners in viticulture, oenology, food science and chemistry. This 'Functional Wine-omics' programme uses a systems biology approach to wine-related organisms. The data generated within the programme will be integrated with other data sets from viticulture, oenology, analytical chemistry and the sensory sciences through chemometrics and other statistical tools. The aim of the programme is to model aspects of the wine making process, from the vineyard to the finished product.

"Making dreams come true"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1998-11-01

At an exciting stage in the evolution of the European Space Agency's Science Programme, Director-General Antonio Rodota and Director of Science Roger Bonnet will meet the press in ESA Head Office for a frank discussion of progress and problems. The Science Programme serves scientists in all of ESA's Member States, who want to do adventurous research in space of importance to all mankind. Making their dreams come true is more difficult in the face of recent cuts in the Programme's budget. Scientific boldness combined with administrative prudence nevertheless results in a series of current and future projects in which Europe can take pride. Highlights for discussion at the Press Conference will include: * MARS. In 2003, the newly approved mission Mars Express will make Europe's debut at the Red Planet, with innovative science at a very low cost. * THE SUN. SOHO is back in business after a nail-biting summer, Ulysses is heading for its second visit to the polar regions of the Sun, and Cluster II is on schedule for launch in 2000. * ASTRONOMY. Following the outstanding successes of ISO's infrared observations, completed this year, XMM and Integral are preparing to match its achievements by detecting X-rays and gamma-rays from the Universe. Journalists will also be updated about the status of Huygens (already en route for Titan), SMART-1 (new propulsion), Rosetta (comet mission), MiniSTEP (relativity), FIRST (far infra-red astronomy) and Planck (microwave background) -- as well as other adventurous missions under study.

The use of reference materials in quality assurance programmes in food microbiology laboratories.

PubMed

In't Veld, P H

1998-11-24

Nine different reference materials (RMs) for use in food and water microbiology have been developed with the support of the European Commission (EC). The production process of RMs is based on spray drying bacteria suspended in milk. The highly contaminated milk powder (HCMP) obtained is mixed with sterile milk powder to achieve the desired level of contamination and is subsequently filled into gelatine capsules. The HCMP may need to be stabilised by storage for more than a year before a stable RM can be prepared. The HCMP are mixed with sterile milk powder using a pestle and mortar in order to produce homogeneous RMs. For routine use of RMs Shewhart control charts can be produced. Based on log10 transformed counts, control limits are calculated. Rules for the interpretation of results facilitate the detection of out of control situations. Besides RMs there are also CRMs (Certified Reference Materials) that are certified by the EC Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) and are intended for occasional use. Based on the BCR certificate, user tables are produced presenting the 95% confidence limits for the number of capsules likely to be examined in practice. Also power analysis is made to indicate the minimum difference between the certified value and the observed geometric mean value in relation to the number of capsules examined.

Home-range and activity pattern of rehabilitated malayan sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) in the Tembat Forest Reserve, Terengganu

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abidin, Mohammad Kamaruddin Zainal; Mohammed, Ahmad Azhar; Nor, Shukor Md

2018-04-01

Re-introduction programme has been adopted in solving the conflict issues related with the Malayan sun bears in Peninsular Malaysia. Two rehabilitated sun bears (#1533 and #1532) were collared and released in Tembat Forest Reserve, Hulu Terengganu to study the home-range and activity pattern. Tracking of sun bear in wild have be conducted manually by using telemetry devices namely radio frequency systems and GPS-UHF download system. A total of 912 locations were recorded. The home range size (indicate by the size of convex polygon) of bear #1533 is larger than bear #1532, with value of 95% minimum convex polygon was 130 km2 compared to its counterpart was 33.28 km2. Bears moved to forest (primary and secondary) and oil palm area. Bear #1533 and #1532 were more active in daytime (diurnal) especially from sunrise to midday. Activity pattern of both rehabilitated bears suggested influence by their daily activity in captivity. This study has proposed two guidelines in re-introduction, 1) minimum distance between release site and possible conflict area is 10-13 km and 2) release during the bear's active time.

Sun protection policies and practices in New Zealand primary schools.

PubMed

Reeder, Anthony I; Jopson, Janet A; Gray, Andrew

2012-02-10

For schools with primary age students, to report the percentages meeting specific requirements of the New Zealand SunSmart Schools Accreditation Programme (SSAP). Schools were randomly selected, within geographic regions, from the Ministry of Education schools database. A questionnaire, mailed to school principals, assessed schools regarding 12 criteria for accreditation: policy, information, hats, 'play in the shade', sunscreen, clothing, role modelling, curriculum, planning, rescheduling, shade provision and review. Post-stratification weights (for achieving each criterion) were used to compensate for oversampling within some regions and differential response rates between regions, using the number of schools per region. 388 schools (representative in socioeconomic decile, size and type) participated. Less than 4% fully met accreditation criteria. Clothing (42%), curriculum delivery and shade (each 54%) requirements were met by the fewest schools. Staff role modelling (92%) was the most commonly met. Schools with uniforms tended to have more protective clothing expectations. Ongoing promotion is needed to consolidate gains and encourage comprehensive sun protection through policies, practices, environment and curriculum. Staff role modelling requirements may be strengthened by implementing existing occupational guidelines for mitigating UVR hazards. There is a need to further assist schools, particularly regarding sun protective clothing, curriculum delivery and environmental shade.

Primary school sun protection policies and practices 4 years after baseline—a follow-up study

PubMed Central

Reeder, Anthony I.; Jopson, Janet A.; Gray, Andrew

2012-01-01

Before the 2005 launch of the New Zealand SunSmart Schools Accreditation Programme (SSAP), 242 randomly sampled primary schools completed a mail survey about sun protection policies, practices, curriculum and environment. A 2009 follow-up included 189 (78%) and their mean Total Accreditation Score (TAS = total SSAP requirements met, range 0–12), increased by 0.8 (95% CI 0.5–1.2, P < 0.001) from 7.8 (95% CI 7.4–8.1) to 8.6 (95% CI 8.3–8.9) with evidence changes differed between regions (P = 0.024). The 2009 mean TAS varied by region (range 7.9–9.4, unadjusted P = 0.004, adjusted P = 0.013) with no clear pattern, but likely resource allocation association. TAS of schools acknowledging input from Health Promoting Schools demonstrated a tendency towards being statistically significantly higher by 0.5 (95% CI −0.1 to 1.1, P = 0.082), but statistically significantly higher by 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–1.7, P < 0.001) for schools acknowledging Cancer Society input. Lowest attainment was for the clothing (43%), shade (52%) and curriculum (55%) criteria. Key perceived barriers were cost, particularly of shade and limited support by parents and others. Schools which had not applied for accreditation identified lack of programme awareness and ‘other priorities’ as barriers; further information, better resourcing and training assistance as key needs. Observed positive change justifies increased support to consolidate gains and achieve sustainable universality. PMID:22907533

Science at the Goddard Space Flight Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

White, Nicholas E.

2012-01-01

The Sciences and Exploration Directorate of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is the largest Earth and space science research organization in the world. Its scientists advance understanding of the Earth and its life-sustaining environment, the Sun, the solar system, and the wider universe beyond. Researchers in the Sciences and Exploration Directorate work with engineers, computer programmers, technologists, and other team members to develop the cutting-edge technology needed for space-based research. Instruments are also deployed on aircraft, balloons, and Earth's surface. I will give an overview of the current research activities and programs at GSFC including the James Web Space Telescope (JWST), future Earth Observing programs, experiments that are exploring our solar system and studying the interaction of the Sun with the Earth's magnetosphere.

Health for all--interpretation of meaning by newly qualified general and staff certified nurses.

PubMed

Ndlovu, R J

1991-06-01

Zimbabwe adopted P.H.C. approach in 1980 in order to provide equitable distribution of health services and to achieve H.F.A. In 1985 new Nursing education curriculae were introduced to orient student nurses and their teachers to this approach. Between 1986 and 1990 a study was conducted in which 416 newly qualified General and State Certified Nurses answered a comprehensive questionnaire relating to how the nurse training programme prepared them for their work. One question from the self administered questionnaire required them to state their interpretation of H.F.A. and indicate whether they believed that such a goal was achievable by the year 2000. Over 50 pc of respondents from the new curriculae interpreted H.F.A. as physical and financial accessibility of health services and that this goal was not achievable by the year 2000. The interpretation by candidates from the old curriculae was divided among four concepts and over 50% of the respondents believed that the goal was achievable by the target date.

Sensitivity to change of the Beach Questionnaire to behaviour, attitudes and knowledge related to sun exposure: quasi-experimental before-after study.

PubMed

Fernández-Morano, Teresa; de Troya-Martín, Magdalena; Rivas-Ruiz, Francisco; Blázquez-Sánchez, Nuria; Buendía-Eisman, Agustín

2015-01-31

Health questionnaires must present accredited measurement properties such as validity, reliability and sensitivity to change, the latter being essential for interventions to be planned and for evaluating their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity to change of a Beach Questionnaire. Quasi-experimental before-after study carried out in 2011, for a study population of adolescents attending schools in the Costa del Sol. First, the questionnaire was administered to the adolescents, after which a multicomponent educational intervention was carried out; finally, three months later, the same questionnaire was re-administered to the same adolescents. Changes were assessed in the categories of each item, using the McNemar test, and the changes in the scores, standardised to a range of 0-100, using the Student t test for paired samples, and including the mean of the differences and the 95% confidence interval. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. 228 adolescents, aged 14-17 years, and 55.3% were girls. Statistically significant changes were observed in sunburn experiences, exposure to the sun at mid-day and attitudes to sun exposure and suncreams. For the seven items related to knowledge about sun exposure, a higher rate of correct answers was observed. The analysis of changes, within the standardised range, revealed a significant improvement in the scores for sun exposure habits (MD 4.33; CI 95% 2.2-6.5), attitudes to sun exposure (MD 2.22; CI 95% 1.2-3.2) and knowledge (MD 9.10; CI 95% 7.1-11.1), but not in those for sun-protection practices (MD 0.23; CI 95% -1.2-1.7). The Beach Questionnaire on behaviour, attitudes and knowledge related to sun exposure is the first such instrument in Spanish language to provide sufficient sensitivity to change. It constitutes a useful tool for epidemiologic research into photoprotection and for skin cancer prevention programmes.

TWOS - TIME WARP OPERATING SYSTEM, VERSION 2.5.1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bellenot, S. F.

1994-01-01

The Time Warp Operating System (TWOS) is a special-purpose operating system designed to support parallel discrete-event simulation. TWOS is a complete implementation of the Time Warp mechanism, a distributed protocol for virtual time synchronization based on process rollback and message annihilation. Version 2.5.1 supports simulations and other computations using both virtual time and dynamic load balancing; it does not support general time-sharing or multi-process jobs using conventional message synchronization and communication. The program utilizes the underlying operating system's resources. TWOS runs a single simulation at a time, executing it concurrently on as many processors of a distributed system as are allocated. The simulation needs only to be decomposed into objects (logical processes) that interact through time-stamped messages. TWOS provides transparent synchronization. The user does not have to add any more special logic to aid in synchronization, nor give any synchronization advice, nor even understand much about how the Time Warp mechanism works. The Time Warp Simulator (TWSIM) subdirectory contains a sequential simulation engine that is interface compatible with TWOS. This means that an application designer and programmer who wish to use TWOS can prototype code on TWSIM on a single processor and/or workstation before having to deal with the complexity of working on a distributed system. TWSIM also provides statistics about the application which may be helpful for determining the correctness of an application and for achieving good performance on TWOS. Version 2.5.1 has an updated interface that is not compatible with 2.0. The program's user manual assists the simulation programmer in the design, coding, and implementation of discrete-event simulations running on TWOS. The manual also includes a practical user's guide to the TWOS application benchmark, Colliding Pucks. TWOS supports simulations written in the C programming language. It is designed to run on the Sun3/Sun4 series computers and the BBN "Butterfly" GP-1000 computer. The standard distribution medium for this package is a .25 inch tape cartridge in TAR format. TWOS was developed in 1989 and updated in 1991. This program is a copyrighted work with all copyright vested in NASA. Sun3 and Sun4 are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Determination of cadmium in sediments by diluted HCI extraction and isotope dilution ICP-MS.

PubMed

Terán-Baamonde, Javier; Soto-Ferreiro, Rosa-María; Carlosena, Alatzne; Andrade, José-Manuel; Prada, Darío

2018-08-15

Isotope dilution ICP-MS is proposed to measure the mass fraction of Cd extracted by diluted HCl in marine sediments, using a fast and simple extraction procedure based on ultrasonic probe agitation. The 111 Cd isotope was added before the extraction to achieve isotope equilibration with native Cd solubilized from the sample. The parameters affecting trueness and precision of isotope ratio measurements were evaluated carefully and subsequently corrected in order to minimize errors; they were: detector dead time, spectral interferences, mass discrimination factor and optimum sample/spike ratio. The mass fraction of Cd extracted was compared with the sum of the certified contents of the three steps of the sequential extraction procedure of the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) analysing the BCR 701 sediment to validate the method. The certified and measured values agreed, giving a measured / certified mass fraction ratio of 1.05. Further, the extraction procedure itself was studied by adding the enriched isotope after the extraction step, which allowed verifying that analyte losses occurred during this process. Two additional reference sediments with certified total cadmium contents were also analysed. The method provided very good precision (0.9%, RSD) and a low detection limit, 1.8 ng g -1 . The procedural uncertainty budget was estimated following the EURACHEM Guide by means of the 'GUM Workbench' software, obtaining a relative expanded uncertainty of 1.5%. The procedure was applied to determine the bioaccessible mass fraction of Cd in sediments from two environmentally and economically important areas of Galicia (rias of Arousa and Vigo, NW of Spain). Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Long-term epidemiological observation of asbestos-related diseases in Poland, 1970-2015.

PubMed

Swiatkowska, B; Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N

2017-04-01

Occupational exposure to asbestos constitutes a major public health concern. Despite this in many countries, data and registration systems for occupational asbestos-related diseases are non-existent or poorly developed. To analyse the incidence of occupational asbestos-related diseases in Poland between the years 1970 and 2015, with particular emphasis on the periods after introduction of a ban on asbestos and following introduction of a surveillance programme. Analysis based on all medically recognized cases, certified as occupational diseases and reported obligatorily from all over the country to the Central Register of Occupational Diseases. During the period 1970-2015, 4983 cases were reported as asbestos-related diseases. The most prevalent were asbestosis, lung cancer, diseases of pleura or pericardium and mesothelioma. A considerable increase in the number of such cases from the beginning of their registration until 2004 occurred after introduction of the Amiantus programme, a nationwide programme of periodic medical examinations for former asbestos workers. Introduction of a medical surveillance programme improved case recognition and allowed a more reliable estimate of the number of reported asbestos-related diseases. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

The National Resuscitation Council, Singapore, and 34 years of resuscitation training: 1983 to 2017.

PubMed

Anantharaman, Venkataraman

2017-07-01

Training in the modern form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) started in Singapore in 1983. For the first 15 years, the expansion of training programmes was mainly owing to the interest of a few individuals. Public training in the skill was minimal. In an area of medical care where the greatest opportunity for benefit lies in employing core resuscitation skills in the prehospital environment, very little was being done to address such a need. In 1998, a group of physicians, working together with the Ministry of Health, set up the National Resuscitation Council (NRC). Over the years, the NRC has created national guidelines on resuscitation and reviewed them at five-yearly intervals. Provider training manuals are now available for most programmes. The NRC has set up an active accreditation system for monitoring and maintaining standards of life support training. This has led to a large increase in the number of training centres, as well as recognition and adoption of the council's guidelines in the country. The NRC has also actively promoted the use of bystander CPR through community-based programmes, resulting in a rise in the number of certified providers. Improving the chain of survival, through active community-based training programmes, will likely lead to more lives being saved from sudden cardiac arrest. Copyright: © Singapore Medical Association.

The National Resuscitation Council, Singapore, and 34 years of resuscitation training: 1983 to 2017

PubMed Central

Anantharaman, Venkataraman

2017-01-01

Training in the modern form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) started in Singapore in 1983. For the first 15 years, the expansion of training programmes was mainly owing to the interest of a few individuals. Public training in the skill was minimal. In an area of medical care where the greatest opportunity for benefit lies in employing core resuscitation skills in the prehospital environment, very little was being done to address such a need. In 1998, a group of physicians, working together with the Ministry of Health, set up the National Resuscitation Council (NRC). Over the years, the NRC has created national guidelines on resuscitation and reviewed them at five-yearly intervals. Provider training manuals are now available for most programmes. The NRC has set up an active accreditation system for monitoring and maintaining standards of life support training. This has led to a large increase in the number of training centres, as well as recognition and adoption of the council’s guidelines in the country. The NRC has also actively promoted the use of bystander CPR through community-based programmes, resulting in a rise in the number of certified providers. Improving the chain of survival, through active community-based training programmes, will likely lead to more lives being saved from sudden cardiac arrest. PMID:28741008

Changing the risky beliefs of post-partum women about therapeutic sun-exposure.

PubMed

Harrison, Simone L; Devine, Susan G; Saunders, Vicki L; Smith, Annika D; Buettner, Petra G; Nowak, Madeleine J

2013-09-01

Many post-partum women hold risky beliefs about perceived therapeutic benefits of sun-exposure in the post-partum period and infancy. Can a maternity hospital based educational intervention reduce the prevalence of such beliefs among post-partum women? In this outcome evaluation of an interventional study, two groups of healthy post-partum women (hospital inpatients) were interviewed, 1-4 days following delivery. The first cross-section (106 women) was recruited prior to in-services for maternity staff; the second (203 women) was recruited after completion of the in-services. Data were compared between the groups. More pre-intervention than post-intervention women reported they would expose their baby to sunlight to treat suspected jaundice (28.8% vs. 13.3%; p<0.001) or help his/her skin adapt to the sun (10.5% vs. 2.5%; p=0.003); or use sunlight to manage breastfeeding-associated sore/cracked nipples (7.6% vs. 2%; p=0.026). This simple, effective educational intervention could be implemented in programmes for parents, health professionals and students. Copyright © 2013 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bentley, R. D.; Csillaghy, A.; Aboudarham, J.; Jacquey, C.; Hapgood, M. A.; Bocchialini, K.; Messerotti, M.; Brooke, J.; Gallagher, P.; Fox, P.;

Splash 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arnold, Jeffrey M.; Buell, Duncan A.; Kleinfelder, Walter J.

1993-01-01

Splash 2 is an attached processor system for Sun SPARC 2 workstations that uses Xilinx 4010 Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA's) as its processing elements. The purpose of this paper is to describe Splash 2. The predecessor system, Splash 1, was designed to be used as a systolic processing system. Although it was very successful in that mode, there were many other applications that were not systolic, but which were successful, nonetheless, on Splash 1, or that were not implemented successfully due to one or more architectural limitations, most notably I/O bandwidth and interprocessor communication. Although other uses to increase computational performance have been found for the Xilinx FPGA's that are Splash's processing elements. Splash is unique in its goal to be programmable in a general sense.

UNIX programmer`s environment and configuration control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arnold, T.R.; Wyatt, P.W.

1993-12-31

A package of UNIX utilities has been developed which unities the advantages of the public domain utility ``imake`` and a configuration control system. The ``imake`` utility is portable It allows a user to make Makefiles on a wide variety of platforms without worrying about the machine-dependent idiosyncracies of the UNIX utility ``make.`` Makefiles are a labor-saving device for compiling and linking complicated programs, and ``imake`` is a labor-saving device for making Makefiles, as well as other useful software (like a program`s internal dependencies on included files). This ``Environment,`` which has been developed around ``imake,`` allows a programmer to manage amore » complicated project consisting of multiple executables which may each link with multiple user-created libraries. The configuration control aspect consists of a directory hierarchy (a baseline) which is mirrored in a developer`s workspace. The workspace includes a minimum of files copied from the baseline; it employs soft links into the baseline wherever possible. The utilities are a multi-tiered suite of Bourne shells to copy or check out sources, check them back in, import new sources (sources which are not in the baseline) and link them appropriately, create new low-level directories and link them, compare with the baseline, update Makefiles with minimal effort, and handle dependencies. The directory hierarchy utilizes a single source repository, which is mirrored in the baseline and in a workspace for a several platform architectures. The system was originally written to support C code on Sun-4`s and RS6000`s. It has now been extended to support FORTRAN as well as C on SGI and Cray YMP platforms as well as Sun-4`s and RS6000`s.« less

Another Program For Generating Interactive Graphics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costenbader, Jay; Moleski, Walt; Szczur, Martha; Howell, David; Engelberg, Norm; Li, Tin P.; Misra, Dharitri; Miller, Philip; Neve, Leif; Wolf, Karl;

Use of medical photography among dermatologists: a nationwide online survey study.

PubMed

Milam, E C; Leger, M C

2018-02-06

Medical photography enhances patient care, medical education and research. Despite medical photography's widespread use, little is known about how dermatologists choose to implement photography in routine clinical practice, and how they approach issues of image storage, image security and patient consent. To characterize dermatologists' medical photography habits and opinions. A 32-item anonymous, multiple-choice SurveyMonkey questionnaire about medical photography practices was emailed to programme directors of the 117 United States (US) dermatology residency programmes between May and August 2015, with a request to forward to faculty and affiliated dermatologists. Only board-certified dermatologists practicing in the United States were eligible. The Institutional Review Board exempted our study from full review. Our survey included 153 board-certified dermatologists, primarily representing the north-east (43.1%) and identifying as academic dermatologists (75.5%). Medical photography is prevalent: 61.8% report everyday use and 21.7% photograph every patient. Those reporting rare use (3.3%) were, on average, 20 years older. Dermatologists most commonly use photography to mark biopsy sites (87.5%), track disease (82.9%) and for education/teaching (72.4%). Nearly half (46%) use smartphone cameras. Emailing and texting photographs with patients or colleagues are common (69.1%). Most dermatologists (75.7%) always request patient consent for photographs. Only 23.7% adhere to a photography protocol and 73.9% desire more training opportunities. Dermatologists value medical photography. While patterns of image acquisition, storage and consent are noted, a variety of methods and preferences exist. Clearer photography guidelines and increased educational resources are likely to improve image quality, exchangeability and confidentiality. © 2018 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

An update on EUMETSAT programmes and plans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klaes, K. Dieter; Holmlund, Kenneth

2016-09-01

EUMETSAT is providing space based observations for operational meteorology and climate monitoring. The observations are measured by geostationary and sun-synchronous polar orbiting satellites in the frame of mandatory programmes. In the frame of optional programmes further observations for altimetry and oceanography are collected and disseminated. In the frame of third party programmes, EUMETSAT makes available data from other agencies' satellites to the user community. Since summer 2015 MSG-4 complements the current operational fleet of operational geostationary spacecraft, Meteosat-7, which is the last satellite of the first generation and the three satellites of the Second Generation of Meteosat, Meteosat-8, Meteosat-9 and Meteosat-10. MSG-4 became Meteosat-11 and was stored in orbit after successful commissioning. Two satellites of the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) provide data from sunsynchronous polar orbit. Metop-B, the second of a series of three satellites, launched in September 2012 and Metop-A, the first of the series, in orbit since October 2006 provide operational services. The satellites belong to the Initial Joint Polar System (IJPS) with the US. EUMETSAT's first optional programme continues to provide data from the Jason-2 satellite since summer 2008. As follow on the Jason-3 satellite was launched in January 2016 and is currently in commissioning. To assure continuity development of Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) is ongoing. The EPS-SG programme was fully approved in summer 2015. In the frame of the Copernicus Programme (formerly GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security)) EUMETSAT will operate the marine part of the Sentinel-3 satellite. It was launched in February 2016 and is currently under commissioning.

The elephant moves into the sunlight: progress in childhood malnutrition.

PubMed

Duggan, Maureen B

2012-01-01

Beginning with a historical summary of investigative work into protein-energy malnutrition, now termed 'severe acute malnutrition', this review ends by summarizing recent initiatives to tackle the global problem of malnutrition, specifically Scaling-Up Nutrition (SUN). In early years, macronutrient deficiency or imbalance was considered the principal cause of complex metabolic disturbances, including kwashiorkor, whereas, now, micronutrient deficiency infections, including HIV, and a background of deprivation are implicated. Different approaches to management are reviewed. The rehabilitation of individual children by protocolised-phased feeding has largely given way to community-based therapeutic feeding. Despite sporadic successes, the overall impact on morbidity and mortality has been so disappointing that the global community now plans a new initiative, viz. SUN. Its focus on the critical window of 1000 days (from conception to 2 years) is similar to the earlier focus on early childhood vulnerability which inspired the under-5 clinics and their integration into maternal and child health programmes. 'Targeted' interventions, recently more prominent than integrated community-based primary care, often undertaken by NGOs, have been effective, although sometimes imperfectly accountable. Will SUN, aiming for a broad approach, and the participation of recipient communities finally succeed in integrating nutrition into child health?

The Emergency campaign for smallpox eradication from Somalia (1977-1979)--revisited.

PubMed

Deria, Abdullahi

2011-12-30

The historical significance of smallpox eradication from Somalia lies in the fact that the country was the last to record the last endemic smallpox case in the world. Before 1977 the programme was mismanaged. In the mid-1970s, the programme was plagued with concealment. Confirmation of smallpox outbreak in Mogadishu in September 1976 delayed global smallpox eradication. The Government maintained that there was no ongoing smallpox transmission in the country after the Mogadishu outbreak and frustrated independent attempts to verify its claim. In February 1977 the Government allowed World Health Organization (WHO) epidemiologists to search, unhindered, for smallpox outside Mogadishu. Soon widespread smallpox transmission was detected. The Government appealed for international support. The strategy to stop the smallpox transmission was based on surveillance and containment. The WHO took the leading role of the campaign which, in spite of the Somalia/Ethiopia war of 1977/78, culminated in the eradication of smallpox from the country. Somalia was certified smallpox-free on 19 October 1979. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estimating the cost of delivering direct nutrition interventions at scale: national and subnational level insights from India.

PubMed

Menon, Purnima; McDonald, Christine M; Chakrabarti, Suman

2016-05-01

India's national nutrition and health programmes are largely designed to provide evidence-based nutrition-specific interventions, but intervention coverage is low due to a combination of implementation challenges, capacity and financing gaps. Global cost estimates for nutrition are available but national and subnational costs are not. We estimated national and subnational costs of delivering recommended nutrition-specific interventions using the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) costing approach. We compared costs of delivering the SUN interventions at 100% scale with those of nationally recommended interventions. Target populations (TP) for interventions were estimated using national population and nutrition data. Unit costs (UC) were derived from programmatic data. The cost of delivering an intervention at 100% coverage was calculated as (UC*projected TP). Cost estimates varied; estimates for SUN interventions were lower than estimates for nationally recommended interventions because of differences in choice of intervention, target group or unit cost. US$5.9bn/year are required to deliver a set of nationally recommended nutrition interventions at scale in India, while US$4.2bn are required for the SUN interventions. Cash transfers (49%) and food supplements (40%) contribute most to costs of nationally recommended interventions, while food supplements to prevent and treat malnutrition contribute most to the SUN costs. We conclude that although such costing is useful to generate broad estimates, there is an urgent need for further costing studies on the true unit costs of the delivery of nutrition-specific interventions in different local contexts to be able to project accurate national and subnational budgets for nutrition in India. © 2016 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Long-term radial-velocity variations of the Sun as a star: The HARPS view

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lanza, A. F.; Molaro, P.; Monaco, L.; Haywood, R. D.

2016-03-01

Context. Stellar radial velocities play a fundamental role in the discovery of extrasolar planets and the measurement of their physical parameters as well as in the study of stellar physical properties. Aims: We investigate the impact of the solar activity on the radial velocity of the Sun using the HARPS spectrograph to obtain measurements that can be directly compared with those acquired in the extrasolar planet search programmes. Methods: We used the Moon, the Galilean satellites, and several asteroids as reflectors to measure the radial velocity of the Sun as a star and correlated this velocity with disc-integrated chromospheric and magnetic indexes of solar activity that are similar to stellar activity indexes. We discuss in detail the systematic effects that affect our measurements and the methods to account for them. Results: We find that the radial velocity of the Sun as a star is positively correlated with the level of its chromospheric activity at ~95 percent significance level. The amplitude of the long-term variation measured in the 2006-2014 period is 4.98 ± 1.44 m/s, which is in good agreement with model predictions. The standard deviation of the residuals obtained by subtracting a linear best fit is 2.82 m/s and is due to the rotation of the reflecting bodies and the intrinsic variability of the Sun on timescales shorter than the activity cycle. A correlation with a lower significance is detected between the radial velocity and the mean absolute value of the line-of-sight photospheric magnetic field flux density. Conclusions: Our results confirm similar correlations found in other late-type main-sequence stars and provide support to the predictions of radial velocity variations induced by stellar activity based on current models.

Deterrence and the United States Coast Guard: Enhancing Current Practice with Performance Measures

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

Talley,  Jin , Kite Powell,  The US Coast Guard Vessel Inspection Programme (2005)  Deterrence and the United States Coast Guard: Enhancing Current...practical problem-solving, not from theory or strategy. As a result, the activities are fractured and may not even be recognized as related to...of Sun Tzu’s admonition: “Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.” The US

A qualitative study of the knowledge, behaviour and attitudes of patients with skin cancer regarding sunlight exposure and vitamin D.

PubMed

Rutkowski, David; Farrar, Mark D; Osman, Joanne E; Webb, Ann R; Rhodes, Lesley E

2017-07-01

Solar UVR is a major cause of skin cancer but also an important source of vitamin D (VitD), essential for musculoskeletal health. Conflicting public health messages may confuse patients with skin cancer prone to further skin cancer. To explore the knowledge, behaviour and attitudes of patients with skin cancer to sunlight exposure and VitD sources. Patients (n = 10) previously treated for multiple basal cell cancer in a hospital setting participated in focus group sessions with semi-structured discussions to explore: knowledge of VitD, sun-avoidance behaviour and attitude towards sunlight exposure messages. Thematic data analysis was performed using software programme MAXQDA11. Pre-existing knowledge of VitD was low. Most patients practised sun avoidance and were not inclined to increase exposure. Patients did not perceive VitD deficiency as a substantial risk to their own health, or a need to take VitD supplements. They aimed to increase VitD status through dietary intake, but knowledge of food VitD content was lacking. The patients with skin cancer, appropriate to their heightened skin cancer risk, appeared unlikely to increase their sun exposure to gain VitD. However, education is required regarding the generally low levels of VitD in foodstuffs, and the requirement for supplements/fortified foods if strict sun avoidance is employed. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A survey on auditing, quality assurance systems and legal frameworks in five selected slaughterhouses in Bulawayo, south-western Zimbabwe.

PubMed

Masanganise, Kaurai E; Matope, Gift; Pfukenyi, Davies M

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the audits, quality assurance (QA) programmes and legal frameworks used in selected abattoirs in Zimbabwe and slaughterhouse workers' perceptions on their effectiveness. Data on slaughterhouse workers was gathered through a self-completed questionnaire and additional information was obtained from slaughterhouse and government records. External auditing was conducted mainly by the Department of Veterinary Public Health with little contribution from third parties. Internal auditing was restricted to export abattoirs. The checklist used on auditing lacked objective assessment criteria and respondents cited several faults in the current audit system. Most respondents (> 50.0%) knew the purposes and benefits of audit and QA inspections. All export abattoirs had QA programmes such as hazard analysis critical control point and ISO 9001 (a standard used to certify businesses' quality management systems) but their implementation varied from minimal to nil. The main regulatory defect observed was lack of requirements for a QA programme. Audit and quality assurance communications to the selected abattoirs revealed a variety of non-compliances with most respondents revealing that corrective actions to audit (84.3%) and quality assurance (92.3%) shortfalls were not done. A high percentage of respondents indicated that training on quality (76.8%) and regulations (69.8%) was critical. Thus, it is imperative that these abattoirs develop a food safety management system comprising of QA programmes, a microbial assessment scheme, regulatory compliance, standard operating procedures, internal and external auditing and training of workers.

Preparation and certification of Re-Os dating reference materials: Molybdenites HLP and JDC

USGS Publications Warehouse

Du, A.; Wu, S.; Sun, D.; Wang, Shaoming; Qu, W.; Markey, R.; Stain, H.; Morgan, J.; Malinovskiy, D.

2004-01-01

Two Re-Os dating reference material molybdenites were prepared. Molybdenite JDC and molybdenite HLP are from a carbonate vein-type molybdenum-(lead)- uranium deposit in the Jinduicheng-Huanglongpu area of Shaanxi province, China. The samples proved to be homogeneous, based on the coefficient of variation of analytical results and an analysis of variance test. The sampling weight was 0.1 g for JDC and 0.025 g for HLP. An isotope dilution method was used for the determination of Re and Os. Sample decomposition and preconcentration of Re and Os prior to measurement were accomplished using a variety of methods: acid digestion, alkali fusion, ion exchange and solvent extraction. Negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry were used for the determination of Re and 187Os concentration and isotope ratios. The certified values include the contents of Re and Os and the model ages. For HLP, the Re content was 283.8 ?? 6.2 ??g g-1, 187Os was 659 ?? 14 ng g-1 and the Re-Os model age was 221.4 ?? 5.6 Ma. For JDC, the Re content was 17.39 ?? 0.32 ng g-1, 187Os was 25.46 ?? 0.60 ng g-1 and the Re-Os model age was 139.6 ?? 3.8 Ma. Uncertainties for both certified reference materials are stated at the 95% level of confidence. Three laboratories (from three countries: P.R. China, USA, Sweden) joined in the certification programme. These certified reference materials are primarily useful for Re-Os dating of molybdenite, sulfides, black shale, etc.

Educating for action: Aligning skills with policies for sustainable development in the Danube river basin.

PubMed

Irvine, Kenneth; Weigelhofer, Gabriele; Popescu, Ioana; Pfeiffer, Ellen; Păun, Andrei; Drobot, Radu; Gettel, Gretchen; Staska, Bernadette; Stanica, Adrian; Hein, Thomas; Habersack, Helmut

2016-02-01

Sustainable river basin management depends on knowledge, skills and education. The DANCERS project set out to identify feasible options for achieving education for sustainable water management across the Danube river basin, and its integration with broader education and economic development. The study traced the historic, regulatory and educational landscape of water management in the basin, contrasting it with the complex political decision-making, data-heavy decision support, learning-centred collaboration, and information-based participation that are all inherent components of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). While there is a wide range of educational opportunities and mobility schemes available to individuals, there is no coherent network related to training in water management and sustainable development in the study region. Progress in addressing the multi-layered environmental challenges within the basin requires further aligning of economic, environmental and educational policies, advancing the EU Bologna Process across the region, and the development of dedicated training programmes that combine technical and relational skills. The DANCERS project identified key short and medium term needs for education and research to support progressive adoption of sustainable development, and the necessary dialogue across the public and private sectors to align policies. These include the development of new education networks for masters and PhD programmes, including joint programmes; improved access to technical training and life-long learning programmes for skills development; developing formalized and certified competency structures and associated accreditation of institutions where such skilled individuals work; and developing a co-ordinated research infrastructure and pan-basin programme for research for water management and sustainable development. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

SOHO, an early start, a long lifetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1996-01-01

SOHO currently cruises through space towards its station near the so-called first Lagrange point 1.5 million km towards the Sun where it will be in uninterrupted daylight and where the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Earth are balanced. The spacecraft is now expected to arrive at its station on 14 March 1996, two weeks earlier than originally planned. Coincidentally, this is the tenth anniversary of another space milestone, the encounter of ESA's Giotto probe with Comet Halley! An optimised orbit-shaping manoeuvre on 4 January, further refined SOHO's trajectory. Enough fuel remains on board to maintain SOHO's position in space for at least twenty instead of the planned six years. All systems of the 1850 kg spacecraft designed and built by European industry have been checked after launch and are in excellent shape. Their nominal performance has allowed an early and uninterrupted start of the commissioning of the scientific payload. SOHO's 12 scientific instruments* are currently being tested. Scientists are studying the first images and calibrating their instruments for the scheduled start of operations in late March. The craft's particle detectors investigating "in situ" the solar wind streaming around SOHO at its vantage point near Lagrange point 1, have been operational for some time and SOHO's first image of the Sun was taken on 19 December 1995. "All those who have worked tirelessly on the SOHO payload, spacecraft and ground-segment are to be congratulated on their excellent work and for having developed the most remarkable tool to help us understand the Sun and its environment, the heliosphere" said Roger Bonnet, ESA's Director of Science. According to present plans one month of early science is scheduled to begin around end of March and scientists hope to present their initial findings to the wide public by early May. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. The mission is led and coordinated by ESA who also procured the spacecraft; NASA provided the launch and operates the satellite. The European scientists who designed nine of the observatory's instruments and their US colleagues who built a further three are all present at Goddard Space Flight Center, where they jointly plan the optimum scientific use of the satellite. The spacecraft is part of the international Solar-Terrestrial Science Programme, the next member of which is Cluster, a flotilla of four spacecraft that will study how the Sun affects Earth and surrounding space. Cluster is scheduled for launch in May 1996 on the first Ariane 5 rocket. It will be the second mission belonging to the first "Cornerstone" of ESA's long- term scientific programme "Horizon 2000".

Self-reported sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours among schoolchildren attending South African primary schools.

PubMed

Wright, Caradee Y; Albers, Patricia N; Oosthuizen, Maria A; Phala, Nelvia

2014-10-01

Skin cancer and other adverse health effects result from excess solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. Sun protective practices are important interventions for skin cancer prevention, particularly when implemented early in life. Several international studies have assessed children's sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in school settings but never before in Southern Africa, where multiethnic populations exist. The purpose of this study is to describe the sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours as self-reported by South African primary schoolchildren and consider the roles of sex and skin type. A randomly selected sample of 707 schoolchildren from 24 government, urban schools in all nine provinces of South Africa were surveyed regarding their sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Approximately 56% of students reported experience of sunburn last summer and 59% stated that they had got a suntan. Many students (64.5%) believed that one could protect oneself from getting skin cancer by avoiding getting sunburnt. Other means reported to do so by the students were to use sunscreen (65.4%), stay out of the summer sun (48.0%), cover up with clothing (45.5%) and eat the right foods (38.0%). Only about a quarter of the students (22.4%) wrongly agreed that it is safe to get sunburnt once or twice a year. Few students (8.7%) agreed that they like to have a suntan because they feel healthier and agreed that they think a suntan makes them feel more attractive to others (17.3%). Few also agreed that most of their friends (16.1%) and family (14.2%) think that a suntan is a good thing. Children reporting to have white/light brown skin (69.4%) were more likely to agree that they used sunscreen to protect themselves from getting sunburnt compared with children having brown/dark brown/black skin (54.8%) (P = 0.0005). South African schoolchildren at urban government schools do have some knowledge about sun protection, and they do have some positive sun behaviours; however, the reported occurrence of sunburn, a risk factor for skin cancer, was relatively high. There were few differences in responses by sex and some differences by skin type. These findings are important for the development of appropriate sun protection programmes aimed at schoolchildren in South Africa and other countries with similar multi-ethnic populations. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Effects of Sun-style Tai Chi exercise on physical fitness and fall prevention in fall-prone older adults.

PubMed

Choi, Jung Hyun; Moon, Jung-Soon; Song, Rhayun

2005-07-01

This paper reports a study to determine changes in the physical fitness (knee and ankle muscle strength, balance, flexibility, and mobility), fall avoidance efficacy, and fall episodes of institutionalized older adults after participating in a 12-week Sun-style Tai Chi exercise programme. Fall prevention has a high priority in health promotion for older people because a fall is associated with serious morbidity in this population. Regular exercise is effective in fall prevention for older adults because of improvements in strength and balance. Tai Chi exercise is considered to offer great potential for health promotion and rehabilitation, particularly in the maintenance of good mental and physical condition in older people. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was used. Data were collected from September 2001 to January 2002. A total of 68 fall-prone older adults with a mean age of 77.8 years participated in the study, and 29 people in the Tai Chi group and 30 controls completed the post-test measures. The Tai Chi exercise programme was provided three times a week for 12 weeks in the experimental group. Data were analysed for group differences using t-tests. At post-test, the experimental group showed significantly improved muscle strength in knee and ankle flexors (P < 0.001) and extensors (P < 0.01), and improved flexibility (P < 0.01) and mobility (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. There was no significant group difference in fall episodes, but the relative risk ratio for the Tai Chi exercise group compared with the control group was 0.62. The experimental group reported significantly more confidence in fall avoidance than did the control group. The findings reveal that Tai Chi exercise programmes can safely improve physical strength and reduce fall risk for fall-prone older adults in residential care facilities.

ESA confirms ROSETTA and FIRST in its long-term science programme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1993-11-01

ROSETTA was originally conceived as a comet-nucleus sample-return mission that should have brought back cometary material to Earth to be able to study it with the most advanced laboratory analysis techniques available. The original mission could not be implemented as it was too ambitious and too complex. Therefore in 1992 the concept had to be revised. The mission was reconsidered as being performed by ESA alone on the basis of European technology and the Ariane 5 launch capability. However, the opportunity for other agencies to join and augment the scientific return was left open, and international partners have already indicated to ESA their interest to join. The new baseline mission is a rendezvous with a comet and at least one (most probably two) flybys of asteroids. After gravity-assist manoeuvres at the Earth and Mars or Venus to acquire the necessary energy to reach the comet at its aphelion (the part of the orbit farthest from the Sun), the spacecraft will stay with the comet along its trajectory into the inner solar system through perihelion (the orbital point nearest to the Sun) to study the material that constitutes the comet, and the cometary processes that evolve with the decreasing distance from the Sun. A Surface Science Station will be deployed onto the comets' nucleus surface to provide the means for in-situ studies of the nucleus. The mission retains as far as possible the objectives of the original comet-nucleus sample-return mission and concentrates on the in-situ investigations of cometary matter and the structure of the nucleus. "As we cannot bring the cometary material into our terrestrial laboratories, we will take our laboratories to the comet" said Dr. Roger Bonnet, ESA Director of Science. Potential target comets are Schwassmann- Wachmann 3, Wirtanen, Finlay and Brooks 2 for a launch in the time interval 2002-2004. "Both teams for ROSETTA and FIRST" added Dr. Bonnet, "defined excellent missions with exciting prospects for the science to be achieved. For programmatic reasons ROSETTA will be implemented as Cornerstone 3, following Cluster and SOHO and XMM". "However", he continued, "the work on FIRST will proceed at a very high level to further develop the critical technologies, like for instance the 3 m telescope mirror, the coolers and the detectors. The major elements of the Horizon 2000 science programme are now under way and we will start the process to define the 'post-Horizon 2000' programme".

Effectiveness of information campaigns.

PubMed

Breitbart, E W; Greinert, R; Volkmer, B

2006-09-01

Skin cancer represents the most common type of cancer in the white population worldwide and the incidence has dramatically increased during the last decades. UV-radiation is believed to be the most important risk factor responsible for this trend. The prominent role of UV-radiation renders skin cancer most suitable for primary prevention, because the main risk factor can easily be avoided by sticking to simple rules for the behaviour in the sun or under artificial UV (e.g. sunbeds). Since UV-exposure cannot and should not be avoided totally especially due to the beneficial health effects of UV-irradiation like Vitamin D(3)-production, recommendations and information for the public should be as clear and as weighted as possible, through adequate messages, such as: "Love the sun and protect your skin". For that purpose the Association of Dermatological Prevention in Germany (ADP) developed the period of life programme (POLP) that defines certain age-specific target groups, with the aim to give well adapted prevention messages to the population during lifetime. Evaluation of primary prevention campaigns in Germany showed that due to continuous intervention programs during the last 16 years changes in the "sun-behaviour" of the population have been achieved leading to a reduced but sufficient exposure to solar UV-irradiation. This will then contribute to the aim of decreasing morbidity and mortality of skin cancer.

Instantaneous relationship between solar inertial and local vertical local horizontal attitudes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vickery, S. A.

1977-01-01

The instantaneous relationship between the Solar Inertial (SI) and Local Vertical Local Horizontal (LVLH) coordinate systems is derived. A method is presented for computation of the LVLH to SI rotational transformation matrix as a function of an input LVLH attitude and the corresponding look angles to the sun. Logic is provided for conversion between LVLH and SI attitudes expressed in terms of a pitch, yaw, roll Euler sequence. Documentation is included for a program which implements the logic on the Hewlett-Packard 97 programmable calculator.

High-energy physics software parallelization using database techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Argante, E.; van der Stok, P. D. V.; Willers, I.

1997-02-01

A programming model for software parallelization, called CoCa, is introduced that copes with problems caused by typical features of high-energy physics software. By basing CoCa on the database transaction paradimg, the complexity induced by the parallelization is for a large part transparent to the programmer, resulting in a higher level of abstraction than the native message passing software. CoCa is implemented on a Meiko CS-2 and on a SUN SPARCcenter 2000 parallel computer. On the CS-2, the performance is comparable with the performance of native PVM and MPI.

Evaluation of the Missouri WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) breast-feeding peer counselling programme.

PubMed

Yun, Shumei; Liu, Qian; Mertzlufft, Kathy; Kruse, Catherine; White, Maggie; Fuller, Phyllis; Zhu, Bao-Ping

2010-02-01

To evaluate the effectiveness of the peer counselling (PC) programme on breast-feeding initiation among participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in Missouri, and to identify factors that facilitate breast-feeding initiation. We used the data from the 2006 Missouri Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System, Missouri Live Birth Records and the Missouri WIC programme to compare breast-feeding initiation rates between PC and non-PC agencies. We used multilevel logistic regression, with individual participants being nested within agencies, to control for individual- and agency-level characteristics. The breast-feeding initiation rate in PC agencies was significantly higher than in non-PC agencies among prenatal participants, but the difference was not significant among postpartum participants. After controlling for maternal sociodemographic characteristics, compared with prenatal cases in non-PC agencies, prenatal cases in PC agencies were more likely to initiate breast-feeding (OR = 1.21; 95 % CI 1.03, 1.43), whereas postpartum cases were less likely to initiate breast-feeding. Among prenatal participants in PC agencies, longer duration of prenatal WIC enrolment was associated with a higher rate of breast-feeding initiation. After adjusting for maternal sociodemographic characteristics and other agency-level characteristics, participants of PC agencies with an international board-certified lactation consultant were more likely to initiate breast-feeding than participants of PC agencies without such a consultant (OR = 1.21; 95 % CI 1.01, 1.45). Prenatal participation in the WIC breast-feeding PC programme (especially participation early during pregnancy) was associated with an increased rate of breast-feeding initiation in Missouri.

High-Performance Flexible Waveguiding Photovoltaics

PubMed Central

Chou, Chun-Hsien; Chuang, Jui-Kang; Chen, Fang-Chung

2013-01-01

The use of flat-plane solar concentrators is an effective approach toward collecting sunlight economically and without sun trackers. The optical concentrators are, however, usually made of rigid glass or plastics having limited flexibility, potentially restricting their applicability. In this communication, we describe flexible waveguiding photovoltaics (FWPVs) that exhibit high optical efficiencies and great mechanical flexibility. We constructed these FWPVs by integrating poly-Si solar cells, a soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) waveguide, and a TiO2-doped backside reflector. Optical microstructures that increase the light harvesting ability of the FWPVs can be fabricated readily, through soft lithography, on the top surface of the PDMS waveguide. Our optimized structure displayed an optical efficiency of greater than 42% and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.57%, with a projected PCE as high as approximately 18%. This approach might open new avenues for the harvesting of solar energy at low cost with efficient, mechanically flexible photovoltaics. PMID:23873225

Evolution of Chagas' disease in Brazil. Epidemiological perspective and challenges for the future: a critical review.

PubMed

Bello Corassa, Rafael; Aceijas, Carmen; Alves, Paula Aryane Brito; Garelick, Hemda

2017-09-01

This article aimed to provide a critical review of the evolution of Chagas' disease (ChD) in Brazil, its magnitude, historical development and management, and challenges for the future. A literature search was performed using PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar and throughout collected articles' references. Narrative analysis was structured around five main themes identified: vector transmission, control programme, transfusion, oral and congenital transmission. In Brazil, the Chagas' Disease Control Programme was fully implemented in the 1980s, when it reached practically all the endemic areas, and in 1991, the Southern Cone Initiative was created, aiming to control the disease transmission through eliminating the Triatoma infestans and controlling blood banks. As a result, the prevalence of chagasic donors in blood banks reduced from 4.4% in the 1980s to 0.2% in 2005. In 2006, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) certified the interruption of transmission of ChD through this vector in Brazil. However, there are still challenges, such as the domiciliation of new vector species, the need for medical care of the infected individuals, the prevention of alternative mechanisms of transmission, the loss of political concern regarding the disease and the weakening of the control programme. Despite the progress towards control, there are still many challenges ahead to maintain and expand such control and minimise the risk of re-emergence.

Abundance study of the two solar-analogue CoRoT targets HD 42618 and HD 43587 from HARPS spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morel, T.; Rainer, M.; Poretti, E.; Barban, C.; Boumier, P.

2013-04-01

We present a detailed abundance study based on spectroscopic data obtained with HARPS of two solar-analogue main targets for the asteroseismology programme of the CoRoT satellite: HD 42618 and HD 43587. The atmospheric parameters and chemical composition are accurately determined through a fully differential analysis with respect to the Sun observed with the same instrumental set-up. Several sources of systematic errors largely cancel out with this approach, which allows us to narrow down the 1-σ error bars to typically 20 K in effective temperature, 0.04 dex in surface gravity, and less than 0.05 dex in the elemental abundances. Although HD 42618 fulfils many requirements for being classified as a solar twin, its slight deficiency in metals and its possibly younger age indicate that, strictly speaking, it does not belong to this class of objects. On the other hand, HD 43587 is slightly more massive and evolved. In addition, marked differences are found in the amount of lithium present in the photospheres of these two stars, which might reveal different mixing properties in their interiors. These results will put tight constraints on the forthcoming theoretical modelling of their solar-like oscillations and contribute to increase our knowledge of the fundamental parameters and internal structure of stars similar to our Sun. Based on observations collected at the La Silla Observatory, ESO (Chile) with the HARPS spectrograph at the 3.6-m telescope, under programme LP185.D-0056.Tables 1 and 2 are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

Huygens space probe ready to leave Europe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1997-03-01

Over the past year, the Huygens probe has been integrated and extensively tested at the facilities of Daimler Benz Aerospace Dornier Satellitensysteme in Ottobrunn near Munich. It was designed and developed for ESA by a European industrial consortium led by Aerospatiale (F) as prime contractor. The European activities have been successfully completed and this is to be formalised by the Flight Acceptance Review which will release the probe for shipment to the USA. To mark this important milestone a press briefing is scheduled for Wednesday, 26 March at 10.00 hours at Daimler-Benz Aerospace Dornier Satellitensysteme in Ottobrunn. The detailed programme of the press briefing is attached. If you wish to attend the press briefing, please complete the attached accreditation form and return it, preferably by fax, to : Daimler Benz Aerospace Dornier Satellitensysteme Mr. Mathias Pikelj, Fax. + 49 7545 8 5589, Tel. + 49 7545 8 9123 NOTE FOR THE EDITORS: Background facts about the Cassini Huygens mission Huygens is a medium-sized mission of ESA's Horizons 2000 programme for space science, and a contribution to the joint NASA ESA Cassini mission. Christiaan Huygens discovered Saturn s moon Titan in 1655, and the mission named after him aims to land a 343 kilogram probe on Titan carrying a package of scientific instruments through the atmosphere. Six sets of instruments will analyse the chemical composition of the atmosphere, observe the weather and topography of Titan, and examine the nature of its surface. Titan is larger than the planet Mercury, and its unique atmosphere, rich in nitrogen and hydrocarbons, may resemble the atmosphere of the primitive Earth, before life began. Nominal dates for the Huygens mission are as follows: * launch, 6 October 1997 * arrival at Saturn, 1 July 2004 * release of Huygens, 6 November 2004 * entry into Titan's atmosphere, 27 November 2004. The Saturn Orbiter, the other element in the Cassini mission, will relay the signals from Huygens to the Earth, before settling down to prolonged observations of Saturn and its rings and moons. European and American scientists are partners in all the experiments, both in the Orbiter and in the Huygens Probe. Farthest out for Europe Huygens will travel to a greater distance from the Sun than any previous ESA mission, out to the orbit of Saturn at 1400 million kilometres, or nearly ten times the Sun Earth distance. For comparison, the farthest ranging mission at present is Ulysses, orbiting over the poles of the Sun and out to the orbit of Jupiter, 800 million kilometres from the Sun. As no other mission planned or contemplated by ESA at present will go as far as Saturn, Huygens is likely to hold the European record for many years. HUYGENS READY TO LEAVE EUROPE PRESS BRIEFING Wednesday 26 March, 10:00 hrs. Location : Daimler-Benz Aerospace/ Dornier Satellitensysteme Gate 2, Building 5.1 Ludwig-B>lkow-Allee Ottobrunn (Munich) Programme: 10h00 Registration of press 10h15 Huygens video introduction 10h20 Welcoming addresses: Klaus Ensslin, President, Dornier Satellitensysteme Roger Bonnet, Director of Science, ESA Michel Delaye, President, Aerospatiale Espace & Defense 10h30 NASA News and Cassini status Wesly T. Huntress, Associate Administrator of Space Science, NASA Richard Spehalski, Head of Cassini Project, NASA/JPL 10h40 The Huygens Project: Hamid Hassan, Head of the Huygens Project, ESA/ESTEC Hans-Joachim Hoffman, Head of the Huygens Project, Dornier Satellitensysteme Gerard Huttin, Head of the Huygens Project, Aerospatiale 11h00 The Huygens Scientific Programme: Jean-Pierre Lebreton, Huygens Project Scientist, ESA supported by European and American scientists. 11h15 The ESA Science programme, current and future missions Roger Bonnet, Director of Science, ESA 11h25 Question and Answer session 11h55 Visit to the Huygens spacecraft (access inside the clean room limited to photographers and TV teams only). 12h45 Buffet lunch 14h00 End of activties HUYGENS READY TO LEAVE EUROPE PRESS BRIEFING Wednesday 26 March, 10:00 hrs. Location : Daimler-Benz Aerospace/ Dornier Satellitensysteme Gate 2, Building 5.1 Ludwig-B>lkow-Allee Ottobrunn (Munich)

Certification of poliomyelitis eradication in Singapore and the challenges ahead.

PubMed

Lee, Hwee Ching; Tay, Joanne; Kwok, Cynthia Y H; Wee, Moi Kim; Ang, Li Wei; Kita, Yuske; Cutter, Jeffery L; Chan, Kwai Peng; Chew, Suok Kai; Goh, Kee Tai

2012-11-01

This study reviewed the epidemiological trends of poliomyelitis from 1946 to 2010, and the impact of the national immunisation programme in raising the population herd immunity against poliovirus. We also traced the efforts Singapore has made to achieve certification of poliomyelitis eradication by the World Health Organisation. Epidemiological data on all reported cases of poliomyelitis were obtained from the Communicable Diseases Division of the Ministry of Health as well as historical records. Coverage of the childhood immunisation programme against poliomyelitis was based on the immunisation data maintained by the National Immunisation Registry, Health Promotion Board. To assess the herd immunity of the population against poliovirus, 6 serological surveys were conducted in 1962, 1978, 1982 to 1984, 1989, 1993 and from 2008 to 2010. Singapore was among the fi rst countries in the world to introduce live oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) on a mass scale in 1958. With the comprehensive coverage of the national childhood immunisation programme, the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis declined from 74 cases in 1963 to 5 cases from 1971 to 1973. The immunisation coverage for infants, preschool and primary school children has been maintained at 92% to 97% over the past decade. No indigenous poliomyelitis case had been reported since 1978 and all cases reported subsequently were imported. Singapore was certified poliomyelitis free along with the rest of the Western Pacific Region in 2000 after fulfilling all criteria for poliomyelitis eradication, including the establishment of a robust acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system. However, post-certification challenges remain, with the risk of wild poliovirus importation. Furthermore, it is timely to consider the replacement of OPV with the inactivated poliovirus vaccine in Singapore's national immunisation programme given the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis and circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses.

The ICN Leadership For Change™ Programme--20 years of growing influence.

PubMed

Ferguson, Stephanie L; Al Rifai, Fatima; Maay'a, Maisa; Nguyen, Luu Bich; Qureshi, Kristine; Tse, Alice M; Casken, John; Parsons, Teresa; Shannon, Maureen; Napa, Maria Diana; Samson-Langidrik, Malia; Jeadrik, Glorine

2016-03-01

The aim of this article was to present experiences from the field in the context of the International Council of Nurses' Leadership for Change™ programme, which celebrates 20 years of excellence in 2016 for developing the leadership and management capacity of nurses worldwide. The programme was launched in 1996 in order to boost nurse participation in the healthcare policy-making process, globally, and to foster within the nursing profession the requisite skills for nurses to lobby for and assume a greater responsibility in the leadership and management of health care services. Over the course of two decades, the programme has been implemented in cooperation between ICN, national nurses associations, the World Health Organization, Ministries of Health and a variety of donor organizations such as the W.K. Kellogg Foundation and development agencies such as USAID and AUSAID. The programme has been implemented in more than 60 nations throughout Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Latin America and the Pacific Islands, to name a few regions. This article offers an overview of the impact that certified ICN LFC nurse trainers and their colleagues have had in the United Arab Emirates, Vietnam and the United States of America and is affiliated islands and the North Pacific Islands. Twenty years of growth and empowerment are now the ongoing legacy of the ICN LFC Program, which has graduated and deployed nurse trainers around the world and achieved significant advances in the professional development of nurse leaders on an international scale. Nurse leaders can improve the health and well-being of their nations in collaboration with consumers and other key stakeholders. Nurse leaders are critical in improving health systems, their work places and broader societal challenges through sound nursing practice, education, research and evidence-based health and social policy change. © 2016 International Council of Nurses.

The ICN Leadership For Change™ Programme – 20 years of growing influence

PubMed Central

Ferguson, Stephanie L.; Rifai, Fatima Al; Maay'a, Maisa; Nguyen, Luu Bich; Qureshi, Kristine; Tse, Alice M.; Casken, John; Parsons, Teresa; Shannon, Maureen; Napa, Maria Diana; Samson-Langidrik, Malia; Jeadrik, Glorine

2017-01-01

Aim The aim of this article was to present experiences from the field in the context of the International Council of Nurses' Leadership for Change™ programme, which celebrates 20 years of excellence in 2016 for developing the leadership and management capacity of nurses worldwide. Background The programme was launched in 1996 in order to boost nurse participation in the healthcare policy-making process, globally, and to foster within the nursing profession the requisite skills for nurses to lobby for and assume a greater responsibility in the leadership and management of health care services. Introduction Over the course of two decades, the programme has been implemented in cooperation between ICN, national nurses associations, the World Health Organization, Ministries of Health and a variety of donor organizations such as the W.K. Kellogg Foundation and development agencies such as USAID and AUSAID. The programme has been implemented in more than 60 nations throughout Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Latin America and the Pacific Islands, to name a few regions. Methods This article offers an overview of the impact that certified ICN LFC nurse trainers and their colleagues have had in the United Arab Emirates, Vietnam and the United States of America and is affiliated islands and the North Pacific Islands. Results Twenty years of growth and empowerment are now the ongoing legacy of the ICN LFC Program, which has graduated and deployed nurse trainers around the world and achieved significant advances in the professional development of nurse leaders on an international scale. Implications for nursing and health policy Nurse leaders can improve the health and well-being of their nations in collaboration with consumers and other key stakeholders. Nurse leaders are critical in improving health systems, their work places and broader societal challenges through sound nursing practice, education, research and evidence-based health and social policy change. PMID:26923323

Improving malaria knowledge and practices in rural Myanmar through a village health worker intervention: a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Lwin, Moh Moh; Sudhinaraset, May; San, Aung Kyaw; Aung, Tin

2014-01-04

Since 2008 the Sun Primary Health (SPH) franchise programme has networked and branded community health workers in rural Myanmar to provide high quality malaria information and treatment. The purpose of this paper is to compare the malaria knowledge level and health practices of individuals in SPH intervention areas to individuals without SPH intervention This study uses data from a cross-sectional household survey of 1,040 individuals living in eight rural townships to compare the knowledge level of individuals in SPH intervention areas to individuals without SPH intervention. This study found that the presence of a SPH provider in the community is associated with increased malaria knowledge and higher likelihood of going to trained providers for fevers. Furthermore, the study found a dose-response, where the longer the duration of the programme in a community, the greater the community knowledge level. The study suggests that community health workers might have significant impact on malaria-related mortality and morbidity in rural Myanmar.

75 FR 50880 - TRICARE: Non-Physician Referrals for Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech Therapy

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-18

... authorizing certified physician assistants and certified nurse practitioners (non-physicians) to engage in... speech therapy. Upon implementation of this provision, certified physician assistants, or certified nurse... referral from a certified physician assistant or certified nurse practitioner. II. Public Comments We...

Utilization of community-based rehabilitation services for incurably blind persons in a rural population of southern India.

PubMed

Vijayakumar, Valaguru; Datta, Dipankar; Karthika, Arumugam; Thulasiraj, Ravilla D; Nirmalan, Praveen K

2003-09-01

To identify barriers in utilisation of community based rehabilitation (CBR) services for incurably blind persons in rural South India. A community-based rehabilitation programme for incurably blind persons was initiated in Theni district of southern Tamil Nadu in south India. After door-to-door enumeration and preliminary ocular screening by trained workers at the village, identified blind persons were categorised as either curable or incurable by an ophthalmologist. Trained workers provided rehabilitation, including mobility training (OM), training to perform activities of daily living (ADL), and economic rehabilitation for the incurably blind in their respective villages. Of the 460,984 persons surveyed, 400 (0.09%) were certified as incurably blind including 156 (39.00%) persons blind from birth. Social rehabilitation was provided for 268 (67.00%) incurably blind persons. Economic rehabilitation was provided to 96 persons, and integrated education to 22 children. Nearly one-fifth (n=68, 17.00%) of incurably blind persons refused the services provided. The major reasons for refusal included old age and other illnesses (41.18%), and multiple handicaps (19.12%). Twenty-seven (6.75%) persons had either migrated or died, and 29 (7.25%) persons were already able to function independently. Although CBR programmes provide useful services to the incurably blind, a better understanding of barriers is required to improve service utilisation. Developing a standardised data collection format for every CBR programme can result in the creation of a national database of ophthalmic diseases.

ESR/ERS white paper on lung cancer screening

PubMed Central

Bonomo, Lorenzo; Gaga, Mina; Nackaerts, Kristiaan; Peled, Nir; Prokop, Mathias; Remy-Jardin, Martine; von Stackelberg, Oyunbileg; Sculier, Jean-Paul

2015-01-01

Lung cancer is the most frequently fatal cancer, with poor survival once the disease is advanced. Annual low dose computed tomography has shown a survival benefit in screening individuals at high risk for lung cancer. Based on the available evidence, the European Society of Radiology and the European Respiratory Society recommend lung cancer screening in comprehensive, quality-assured, longitudinal programmes within a clinical trial or in routine clinical practice at certified multidisciplinary medical centres. Minimum requirements include: standardised operating procedures for low dose image acquisition, computer-assisted nodule evaluation, and positive screening results and their management; inclusion/exclusion criteria; expectation management; and smoking cessation programmes. Further refinements are recommended to increase quality, outcome and cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening: inclusion of risk models, reduction of effective radiation dose, computer-assisted volumetric measurements and assessment of comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and vascular calcification). All these requirements should be adjusted to the regional infrastructure and healthcare system, in order to exactly define eligibility using a risk model, nodule management and quality assurance plan. The establishment of a central registry, including biobank and image bank, and preferably on a European level, is strongly encouraged. PMID:25929956

A programmable heater control circuit for spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, D. D.; Owen, J. W.; Smith, D. A.; Lewter, W. J.

1994-01-01

Spacecraft thermal control is accomplished for many components through use of multilayer insulation systems, electrical heaters, and radiator systems. The heaters are commanded to maintain component temperatures within design specifications. The programmable heater control circuit (PHCC) was designed to obtain an effective and efficient means of spacecraft thermal control. The hybrid circuit provides use of control instrumentation as temperature data, available to the spacecraft central data system, reprogramming capability of the local microprocessor during the spacecraft's mission, and the elimination of significant spacecraft wiring. The hybrid integrated circuit has a temperature sensing and conditioning circuit, a microprocessor, and a heater power and control circuit. The device is miniature and housed in a volume which allows physical integration with the component to be controlled. Applications might include alternate battery-powered logic-circuit configurations. A prototype unit with appropriate physical and functional interfaces was procured for testing. The physical functionality and the feasibility of fabrication of the hybrid integrated circuit were successfully verified. The remaining work to develop a flight-qualified device includes fabrication and testing of a Mil-certified part. An option for completing the PHCC flight qualification testing is to enter into a joint venture with industry.

Concurrent Image Processing Executive (CIPE)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Meemong; Cooper, Gregory T.; Groom, Steven L.; Mazer, Alan S.; Williams, Winifred I.

1988-01-01

The design and implementation of a Concurrent Image Processing Executive (CIPE), which is intended to become the support system software for a prototype high performance science analysis workstation are discussed. The target machine for this software is a JPL/Caltech Mark IIIfp Hypercube hosted by either a MASSCOMP 5600 or a Sun-3, Sun-4 workstation; however, the design will accommodate other concurrent machines of similar architecture, i.e., local memory, multiple-instruction-multiple-data (MIMD) machines. The CIPE system provides both a multimode user interface and an applications programmer interface, and has been designed around four loosely coupled modules; (1) user interface, (2) host-resident executive, (3) hypercube-resident executive, and (4) application functions. The loose coupling between modules allows modification of a particular module without significantly affecting the other modules in the system. In order to enhance hypercube memory utilization and to allow expansion of image processing capabilities, a specialized program management method, incremental loading, was devised. To minimize data transfer between host and hypercube a data management method which distributes, redistributes, and tracks data set information was implemented.

The formation of planetary disks and winds: an ultraviolet view

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gómez de Castro, Ana I.

2009-04-01

Planetary systems are angular momentum reservoirs generated during star formation. This accretion process produces very powerful engines able to drive the optical jets and the molecular outflows. A fraction of the engine energy is released into heating thus the temperature of the engine ranges from the 3000 K of the inner disk material to the 10 MK in the areas where magnetic reconnection occurs. There are important unsolved problems concerning the nature of the engine, its evolution and the impact of the engine in the chemical evolution of the inner disk. Of special relevance is the understanding of the shear layer between the stellar photosphere and the disk; this layer controls a significant fraction of the magnetic field building up and the subsequent dissipative processes ougth to be studied in the UV. This contribution focus on describing the connections between 1 Myr old suns and the Sun and the requirements for new UV instrumentation to address their evolution during this period. Two types of observations are shown to be needed: monitoring programmes and high resolution imaging down to, at least, milliarsecond scales.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: FGK dwarfs atmospheric parameters (Ryabchikova+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryabchikova, T.; Piskunov, N.; Pakhomov, Y.; Tsymbal, V.; Titarenko, A.; Sitnova, T.; Alexeeva, S.; Fossati, L.; Mashonkina, L.

2016-08-01

For the spectroscopic analysis, we choose the 13 MS stars including the Sun (Table 1) in the 4900-6600K temperature range and with metallicity between [Fe/H]=-1.5 and +0.3dex. All the stars, except HD 149026, have, at least, one interferometric determination of radius and effective temperature. Spectra of the programme stars were obtained with different spectrographs. Most data were extracted from the following archives: the UVES/VLT and HARPS/3.6m spectrographs at ESO,2 the ELODIE/1.93-m spectrograph3 at the Observatoire de Haute Provence, and the ESPaDONs spectrograph at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Spectra of beta Vir and HD 103095 were obtained with the FOCES spectrograph at 2.2-m telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory. One of the spectra of 61 Vir was obtained with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph attached to the Shane 3-m telescope of the Lick Observatory. Spectra of few stars, including that of the Sun reflected from Ganymede, were obtained with the HiReS/Keck spectrograph. (3 data files).

Diagnosis of poor safety culture as a major shortcoming in OHSAS 18001-certified companies.

PubMed

Ghahramani, Abolfazl

2017-04-07

The evaluation of safety performance in occupational health and safety assessment series (OHSAS) 18001-certified companies provides useful information about the quality of the management system. A certified organization should employ an adequate level of safety management and a positive safety culture to achieve a satisfactory safety performance. The present study conducted in six manufacturing companies: three OHSAS 18001-certified, and three non-certified to assess occupational health and safety (OHS) as well as OHSAS 18001 practices. The certified companies had a better OHS practices compared with the non-certified companies. The certified companies slightly differed in OHS and OHSAS 18001 practices and one of the certified companies had the highest activity rates for both practices. The results indicated that the implemented management systems have not developed and been maintained appropriately in the certified companies. The in-depth analysis of the collected evidence revealed shortcomings in safety culture improvement in the certified companies. This study highlights the importance of safety culture to continuously improve the quality of OHSAS 18001 and to properly perform OHS/OHSAS 18001 practices in the certified companies.

Diagnosis of poor safety culture as a major shortcoming in OHSAS 18001-certified companies

PubMed Central

GHAHRAMANI, Abolfazl

2016-01-01

The evaluation of safety performance in occupational health and safety assessment series (OHSAS) 18001-certified companies provides useful information about the quality of the management system. A certified organization should employ an adequate level of safety management and a positive safety culture to achieve a satisfactory safety performance. The present study conducted in six manufacturing companies: three OHSAS 18001-certified, and three non-certified to assess occupational health and safety (OHS) as well as OHSAS 18001 practices. The certified companies had a better OHS practices compared with the non-certified companies. The certified companies slightly differed in OHS and OHSAS 18001 practices and one of the certified companies had the highest activity rates for both practices. The results indicated that the implemented management systems have not developed and been maintained appropriately in the certified companies. The in-depth analysis of the collected evidence revealed shortcomings in safety culture improvement in the certified companies. This study highlights the importance of safety culture to continuously improve the quality of OHSAS 18001 and to properly perform OHS/OHSAS 18001 practices in the certified companies. PMID:28025422

24 CFR 1710.504 - Cooperation among certified states and between certified states and the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Cooperation among certified states....504 Cooperation among certified states and between certified states and the Secretary. (a) By filing... situs certified state authorities within 15 days of the date on which the developer knows, or should...

Establishment and progress of the chest pain unit certification process in Germany and the local experiences of Mainz.

PubMed

Post, Felix; Gori, Tommaso; Senges, Jochen; Giannitsis, Evangelos; Katus, Hugo; Münzel, Thomas

2012-03-01

The establishment of chest pain units (CPUs) in the USA and UK has led to improvements in the prognosis of patients with chest pain and myocardial infarction, optimizing access to specialized diagnostic and therapeutic facilities and reducing costs. To establish a uniform implementation of this type of service in Germany, the German Cardiac Society (DGK) founded a 'CPU task force' in 2007, which developed a set of standard requirements and a nationwide certification programme. The recommendations for minimum standard requirements were published in 2008. As of November 2011, 132 CPUs were certified and 36 units were in the certification process. The aim of the DGK is to certify as many as 250 centres (units) throughout Germany within the next 2 years, to provide nationwide coverage. Applications from Switzerland are also being filed. Public awareness campaigns in cooperation with national league soccer teams were organized to raise awareness of the importance for early diagnosis and treatment of cardiac diseases and to publicize the existence of these new facilities. The German model of CPU certification allows nationwide and prospectively European-wide standardization of patient care and to improve adherence to international guidelines. Coupled with awareness campaigns and with the launch of a German CPU Registry, this process is aimed at improving the education and treatment of patients with chest pain and to provide scientific information about the quality of patient care.

48 CFR 15.403-5 - Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. 15.403-5... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-5 Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. (a) Taking into...

48 CFR 15.403-5 - Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. 15.403-5... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-5 Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. (a) Taking into...

48 CFR 15.403-5 - Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. 15.403-5... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-5 Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. (a) Taking into...

48 CFR 15.403-5 - Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. 15.403-5... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-5 Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. (a) Taking into...

48 CFR 15.403-5 - Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. 15.403-5... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-5 Instructions for submission of certified cost or pricing data and data other than certified cost or pricing data. (a) Taking into...

The Projects for Onboard Autonomy (PROBA2) Science Centre: Sun Watcher Using APS Detectors and Image Processing (SWAP) and Large-Yield Radiometer (LYRA) Science Operations and Data Products

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zender, J.; Berghmans, D.; Bloomfield, D. S.; Cabanas Parada, C.; Dammasch, I.; De Groof, A.; D'Huys, E.; Dominique, M.; Gallagher, P.; Giordanengo, B.; Higgins, P. A.; Hochedez, J.-F.; Yalim, M. S.; Nicula, B.; Pylyser, E.; Sanchez-Duarte, L.; Schwehm, G.; Seaton, D. B.; Stanger, A.; Stegen, K.; Willems, S.

2013-08-01

The PROBA2 Science Centre (P2SC) is a small-scale science operations centre supporting the Sun observation instruments onboard PROBA2: the EUV imager Sun Watcher using APS detectors and image Processing (SWAP) and Large-Yield Radiometer (LYRA). PROBA2 is one of ESA's small, low-cost Projects for Onboard Autonomy (PROBA) and part of ESA's In-Orbit Technology Demonstration Programme. The P2SC is hosted at the Royal Observatory of Belgium, co-located with both Principal Investigator teams. The P2SC tasks cover science planning, instrument commanding, instrument monitoring, data processing, support of outreach activities, and distribution of science data products. PROBA missions aim for a high degree of autonomy at mission and system level, including the science operations centre. The autonomy and flexibility of the P2SC is reached by a set of web-based interfaces allowing the operators as well as the instrument teams to monitor quasi-continuously the status of the operations, allowing a quick reaction to solar events. In addition, several new concepts are implemented at instrument, spacecraft, and ground-segment levels allowing a high degree of flexibility in the operations of the instruments. This article explains the key concepts of the P2SC, emphasising the automation and the flexibility achieved in the commanding as well as the data-processing chain.

Flight Qualified Micro Sun Sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liebe, Carl Christian; Mobasser, Sohrab; Wrigley, Chris; Schroeder, Jeffrey; Bae, Youngsam; Naegle, James; Katanyoutanant, Sunant; Jerebets, Sergei; Schatzel, Donald; Lee, Choonsup

2007-01-01

A prototype small, lightweight micro Sun sensor (MSS) has been flight qualified as part of the attitude-determination system of a spacecraft or for Mars surface operations. The MSS has previously been reported at a very early stage of development in NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 28, No. 1 (January 2004). An MSS is essentially a miniature multiple-pinhole electronic camera combined with digital processing electronics that functions analogously to a sundial. A micromachined mask containing a number of microscopic pinholes is mounted in front of an active-pixel sensor (APS). Electronic circuits for controlling the operation of the APS, readout from the pixel photodetectors, and analog-to-digital conversion are all integrated onto the same chip along with the APS. The digital processing includes computation of the centroids of the pinhole Sun images on the APS. The spacecraft computer has the task of converting the Sun centroids into Sun angles utilizing a calibration polynomial. The micromachined mask comprises a 500-micron-thick silicon wafer, onto which is deposited a 57-nm-thick chromium adhesion- promotion layer followed by a 200-nm-thick gold light-absorption layer. The pinholes, 50 microns in diameter, are formed in the gold layer by photolithography. The chromium layer is thin enough to be penetrable by an amount of Sunlight adequate to form measurable pinhole images. A spacer frame between the mask and the APS maintains a gap of .1 mm between the pinhole plane and the photodetector plane of the APS. To minimize data volume, mass, and power consumption, the digital processing of the APS readouts takes place in a single field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The particular FPGA is a radiation- tolerant unit that contains .32,000 gates. No external memory is used so the FPGA calculates the centroids in real time as pixels are read off the APS with minimal internal memory. To enable the MSS to fit into a small package, the APS, the FPGA, and other components are mounted on a single two-sided board following chip-on-board design practices

Online and Certifiable Spectroscopy Courses Using Information and Communication Tools. a Model for Classrooms and Beyond

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krishnan, Mangala Sunder

2015-06-01

Online education tools and flipped (reverse) class models for teaching and learning and pedagogic and andragogic approaches to self-learning have become quite mature in the last few years because of the revolution in video, interactive software and social learning tools. Open Educational resources of dependable quality and variety are also becoming available throughout the world making the current era truly a renaissance period for higher education using Internet. In my presentation, I shall highlight structured course content preparation online in several areas of spectroscopy and also the design and development of virtual lab tools and kits for studying optical spectroscopy. Both elementary and advanced courses on molecular spectroscopy are currently under development jointly with researchers in other institutions in India. I would like to explore participation from teachers throughout the world in the teaching-learning process using flipped class methods for topics such as experimental and theoretical microwave spectroscopy of semi-rigid and non-rigid molecules, molecular complexes and aggregates. In addition, courses in Raman, Infrared spectroscopy experimentation and advanced electronic spectroscopy courses are also envisaged for free, online access. The National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) and the National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT) are two large Government of India funded initiatives for producing certified and self-learning courses with financial support for moderated discussion forums. The learning tools and interactive presentations so developed can be used in classrooms throughout the world using flipped mode of teaching. They are very much sought after by learners and researchers who are in other areas of learning but want to contribute to research and development through inter-disciplinary learning. NPTEL is currently is experimenting with Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) strategy, but with proctored and certified examination processes for large numbers in some of the above courses. I would like to present a summary of developments in these areas to help focus classroom (online and offline) learning of Molecular spectroscopy.

7 CFR 945.7 - Certified seed potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certified seed potatoes. 945.7 Section 945.7... Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE IRISH POTATOES GROWN IN CERTAIN... Certified seed potatoes. Certified seed potatoes means and includes all potatoes officially certified and...

7 CFR 945.7 - Certified seed potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Certified seed potatoes. 945.7 Section 945.7... Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE IRISH POTATOES GROWN IN CERTAIN... Certified seed potatoes. Certified seed potatoes means and includes all potatoes officially certified and...

7 CFR 945.7 - Certified seed potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Certified seed potatoes. 945.7 Section 945.7... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE IRISH POTATOES GROWN IN CERTAIN... Certified seed potatoes. Certified seed potatoes means and includes all potatoes officially certified and...

7 CFR 945.7 - Certified seed potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Certified seed potatoes. 945.7 Section 945.7... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE IRISH POTATOES GROWN IN CERTAIN... Certified seed potatoes. Certified seed potatoes means and includes all potatoes officially certified and...

7 CFR 945.7 - Certified seed potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Certified seed potatoes. 945.7 Section 945.7... Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE IRISH POTATOES GROWN IN CERTAIN... Certified seed potatoes. Certified seed potatoes means and includes all potatoes officially certified and...

7 CFR 201.69 - Classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Classes of certified seed. 201.69 Section 201.69..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.69 Classes of certified seed. (a) Classes of certified seed are as follows...

7 CFR 201.69 - Classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Classes of certified seed. 201.69 Section 201.69..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.69 Classes of certified seed. (a) Classes of certified seed are as follows...

The SPOTS System: An Ocular Scoring System Optimized for Use in Modern Preclinical Drug Development and Toxicology.

PubMed

Eaton, Joshua Seth; Miller, Paul E; Bentley, Ellison; Thomasy, Sara M; Murphy, Christopher J

2017-12-01

To present a semiquantitative ocular scoring system comprising elements and criteria that address many of the limitations associated with systems commonly used in preclinical studies, providing enhanced cross-species applicability and predictive value in modern ocular drug and device development. Revisions to the ocular scoring systems of McDonald-Shadduck and Hackett-McDonald were conducted by board-certified veterinary ophthalmologists at Ocular Services On Demand (OSOD) over the execution of hundreds of in vivo preclinical ocular drug and device development studies and general toxicological investigations. This semiquantitative preclinical ocular toxicology scoring (SPOTS) system was driven by limitations of previously published systems identified by our group's recent review of slit lamp-based scoring systems in clinical ophthalmology, toxicology, and vision science. The SPOTS system provides scoring criteria for the anterior segment, posterior segment, and characterization of intravitreal test articles. Key elements include: standardized slit lamp settings; expansion of criteria to enhance applicability to nonrabbit species; refinement and disambiguation of scoring criteria for corneal opacity, fluorescein staining severity, and aqueous flare; introduction of novel criteria for scoring of aqueous and anterior vitreous cell; and introduction of criteria for findings observed with drugs/devices targeting the posterior segment. A modified Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) system is also introduced to facilitate accurate use of SUN's criteria in laboratory species. The SPOTS systems provide criteria that stand to enhance the applicability of semiquantitative scoring criteria to the full range of laboratory species, in the context of modern approaches to ocular therapeutics and drug delivery and drug and device development.

Astronomy on a Landfill

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venner, Laura

2008-09-01

Engaging "K-to-Gray” audiences (children, families, and older adults) in astronomical activities is one of the main goals of the NJMC Center for Environmental and Scientific Education and the William D. McDowell Observatory located in Lyndhurst, NJ. Perched atop a closed and reclaimed municipal solid waste landfill, our new LEED - certified building (certification pending) and William D. McDowell observatory will assist in bringing the goals of IYA 2009 to the approximately 25,000 students and 15,000 adults that visit our site from the NY/NJ region each year. Diversifying our traditional environmental science offerings, we have incorporated astronomy into our repertoire with "The Sun Through Time” module, which includes storytelling, cultural astronomy, telescope anatomy, and other activities that are based on the electromagnetic spectrum and our current knowledge of the sun. These lessons have also been modified to bring astronomy to underserved communities, specifically those individuals that have dexterity or cognitive ability differences. The program is conducted in a classroom setting and is designed to meet New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards. With the installation of our new 20” telescope, students and amateur astronomers will be given the opportunity to perform rudimentary research. In addition, a program is in development that will allow individuals to measure local sky brightness and understand the effects of light pollution on astronomical viewing. Teaching astronomy in an urban setting presents many challenges. All individuals, regardless of ability level or location, should be given the opportunity to be exposed to the wonders of the universe and the MEC/CESE has been successful in providing those opportunities.

Astronomy on a Landfill

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venner, Laura

2008-05-01

Engaging "K-to-Gray” audiences (children, families, and older adults) in astronomical activities is one of the main goals of the NJMC Center for Environmental and Scientific Education and the William D. McDowell Observatory located in Lyndhurst, NJ. Perched atop a closed and reclaimed municipal solid waste landfill, our new LEED - certified building (certification pending) and William D. McDowell observatory will assist in bringing the goals of IYA 2009 to the approximately 25,000 students and 3,000 adults that visit our site from the NY/NJ region each year. Diversifying our traditional environmental science offerings, we have incorporated astronomy into our repertoire with "The Sun Through Time” module, which includes storytelling, cultural astronomy, telescope anatomy, and other activities that are based on the electromagnetic spectrum and our current knowledge of the sun. These lessons have also been modified to bring astronomy to underserved communities, specifically those individuals that have dexterity or cognitive ability differences. The program is conducted in a classroom setting and is designed to meet New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards. With the installation of our new 20” telescope, students and amateur astronomers will be given the opportunity to perform rudimentary research. In addition, a program is in development that will allow individuals to measure local sky brightness and understand the effects of light pollution on astronomical viewing. Teaching astronomy in an urban setting presents many challenges. All individuals, regardless of ability level or location, should be given the opportunity to be exposed to the wonders of the universe and the MEC/CESE has been successful in providing those opportunities.

40 CFR 80.1644 - Sampling and testing requirements for producers and importers of certified ethanol denaturant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... producers and importers of certified ethanol denaturant. 80.1644 Section 80.1644 Protection of Environment... ethanol denaturant. (a) Sample and test each batch of certified ethanol denaturant. (1) Producers and importers of certified ethanol denaturant shall collect a representative sample from each batch of certified...

40 CFR 60.1685 - What if all the certified operators must be temporarily offsite?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... onsite. (2) Submit a status report and corrective action summary to the Administrator every 4 weeks... hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified... weeks, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may...

7 CFR 766.114 - State-certified mediation or voluntary meeting of creditors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State-certified mediation or voluntary meeting of... Programs § 766.114 State-certified mediation or voluntary meeting of creditors. (a) A borrower who is...) State-certified mediation; or (2) Voluntary meeting of creditors when a State does not have a certified...

7 CFR 201.67 - Seed certifying agency standards and procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Seed certifying agency standards and procedures. 201...) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.67 Seed certifying agency standards and procedures. In order to qualify as a seed certifying agency for purposes of section 101(a)(25) of the Federal...

7 CFR 201.67 - Seed certifying agency standards and procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seed certifying agency standards and procedures. 201...) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.67 Seed certifying agency standards and procedures. In order to qualify as a seed certifying agency for purposes of section 101(a)(25) of the Federal...

Improving malaria knowledge and practices in rural Myanmar through a village health worker intervention: a cross-sectional study

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Since 2008 the Sun Primary Health (SPH) franchise programme has networked and branded community health workers in rural Myanmar to provide high quality malaria information and treatment. The purpose of this paper is to compare the malaria knowledge level and health practices of individuals in SPH intervention areas to individuals without SPH intervention Methods This study uses data from a cross-sectional household survey of 1,040 individuals living in eight rural townships to compare the knowledge level of individuals in SPH intervention areas to individuals without SPH intervention. Results This study found that the presence of a SPH provider in the community is associated with increased malaria knowledge and higher likelihood of going to trained providers for fevers. Furthermore, the study found a dose–response, where the longer the duration of the programme in a community, the greater the community knowledge level. Conclusion The study suggests that community health workers might have significant impact on malaria-related mortality and morbidity in rural Myanmar. PMID:24386934

Observable measure of quantum coherence in finite dimensional systems.

PubMed

Girolami, Davide

2014-10-24

Quantum coherence is the key resource for quantum technology, with applications in quantum optics, information processing, metrology, and cryptography. Yet, there is no universally efficient method for quantifying coherence either in theoretical or in experimental practice. I introduce a framework for measuring quantum coherence in finite dimensional systems. I define a theoretical measure which satisfies the reliability criteria established in the context of quantum resource theories. Then, I present an experimental scheme implementable with current technology which evaluates the quantum coherence of an unknown state of a d-dimensional system by performing two programmable measurements on an ancillary qubit, in place of the O(d2) direct measurements required by full state reconstruction. The result yields a benchmark for monitoring quantum effects in complex systems, e.g., certifying nonclassicality in quantum protocols and probing the quantum behavior of biological complexes.

The photospheric solar oxygen project. II. Non-concordance of the oxygen abundance derived from two forbidden lines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caffau, E.; Ludwig, H.-G.; Malherbe, J.-M.; Bonifacio, P.; Steffen, M.; Monaco, L.

2013-06-01

Context. In the Sun, the two forbidden [O i] lines at 630 and 636 nm were previously found to provide discrepant oxygen abundances. Aims: We investigate whether this discrepancy is peculiar to the Sun or whether it is also observed in other stars. Methods: We make use of high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of four dwarf to turn-off stars, five giant stars, and one sub-giant star observed with THEMIS, HARPS, and UVES to investigate the coherence of the two lines. Results: The two lines provide oxygen abundances that are consistent, within observational errors, in all the giant stars examined by us. On the other hand, for the two dwarf stars for which a measurement was possible, for Procyon, and for the sub-giant star Capella, the 636 nm line provides systematically higher oxygen abundances, as already seen for the Sun. Conclusions: The only two possible reasons for the discrepancy are a serious error in the oscillator strength of the Ni i line blending the 630 nm line or the presence of an unknown blend in the 636 nm line, which makes the feature stronger. The CN lines blending the 636 nm line cannot be responsible for the discrepancy. The Ca i autoionisation line, on the red wing of which the 636 nm line is formed, is not well modelled by our synthetic spectra. However, a better reproduction of this line would result in even higher abundances from the 636 nm, thus increasing the discrepancy. Based on observations collected at ESO Paranal Observatory, Programme 182.D-5053(A).

Paediatric sunburn: the experience of an Australian paediatric burns unit.

PubMed

Mah, Latifa; Di Giovine, Paul; Quinn, Linda; Sparnon, Anthony

2013-08-01

The number of hospital presentations and admissions for treatment of sunburn remains significant, despite efforts to educate the public regarding sun protection. Current literature chiefly examines public health campaigns and sun protection behaviours and attitudes. There are very few articles that explore paediatric sunburn requiring hospital presentation. This study was therefore undertaken to provide a snapshot of this issue and to identify patterns and causative factors in the development of severe sunburn requiring hospital presentation. Data were collected for retrospective analysis from case records of patients who presented with sunburn and were registered on the Burns Service database at the Women's and Children's Hospital in South Australia. This study includes patients who presented during the period of October 2006 to March 2011. There were 81 cases identified over the period of 2006-2011 from the Burns database that had sufficient information for the purpose of this study. Factors such as outdoor activity and water sports were predictably apparent, with patients being burned on days with extremely high ultraviolet ratings. Key patterns that emerged were location of sunburn and sun protection use, which were gender and age specific. Larger-scale studies are warranted to further delineate the contributing factors and to identify the specific populations of children at risk of sunburn. Future educational programmes can therefore target these subgroups and behaviours for effective prevention of sunburn. Tailored campaigns that address these factors may be of greater impact in reducing hospital presentations and admissions of significant sunburn. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health © 2013 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

[Development of the certified reference material of mercury in lyophilized human urine].

PubMed

Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Fu-gang; DU, Hui-fang; Pan, Ya-juan; Yan, Hui-fang

2011-02-01

To develop the certified reference material of mercury in lyophilized human urine. Human urine samples from normal level mercury districts were filtered, homogenized, dispensed, lyophilized and radio-sterilized. Homogeneity test, stability inspection and certification were conducted using a atom fluorescence spectrophotometric method. The physical and chemical stability of the certified reference material were assessed for 18 months. The certified values are based on analysis made by three independent laboratories. The certified values are as follows: low level was (35.6 ± 2.1) µg/L, high level was (50.5 ± 3.0) µg/L. The certified reference material of mercury in lyophilized human urine in this research reached the national certified reference material requirements and could be used for the quality control.

12 CFR 327.2 - Certified statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... ASSESSMENTS In General § 327.2 Certified statements. (a) Required. (1) The certified statement shall also be...) The quarterly certified statement invoice shall reflect the institution's risk assignment, assessment base, assessment computation, and assessment amount, for each quarterly assessment period. (b...

A study of compliance with environmental regulations of ISO 14001 certified companies in Korea.

PubMed

Kwon, Dong-Myung; Seo, Min-Seok; Seo, Yong-Chil

2002-08-01

This article investigates the impact of ISO 14001 certification on the compliance with environmental regulations by Korean companies. The impact of ISO 14001 certification on the industry was studied through a questionnaire survey and the compliance of environmental regulations were investigated using government-released data. The motivation for an environment management system was a result of the current international situation and the need to maintain fair competition. ISO 14001 certification has been recognized as an essential strategy for industrial competition and to improve company/product recognition. The certified and non-certified companies' environmental regulation violation (ERV) rates were 3.5% and 11.6%, respectively, in 1997. In 1998, the ERV rate had an eight-time difference with 1.0% and 8.5% for certified and non-certified companies, respectively. Annual regulation violation rates were reduced from 3.5% in 1997 to 1.0% in 1998 with certified companies and from 11.6% in 1997 to 8.5% in 1998 with their non-certified counterparts, respectively. ISO 14001 certified companies showed more improvement than non-certified companies in regards to environmental performance.

New Cosmic Horizons: Space Astronomy from the V2 to the Hubble Space Telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leverington, David

2001-02-01

Preface; 1. The sounding rocket era; 2. The start of the space race; 3. Initial exploration of the Solar System; 4. Lunar exploration; 5. Mars and Venus; early results; 6. Mars and Venus; the middle period; 7. Venus, Mars and cometary spacecraft post-1980; 8. Early missions to the outer planets; 9. The Voyager missions to the outer planets; 10. The Sun; 11. Early spacecraft observations of non-solar system sources; 12. A period of rapid growth; 13. The high energy astronomy observatory programme; 14. IUE, IRAS and Exosat - spacecraft for the early 1980s; 15. Hiatus; 16. Business as usual; 17. The Hubble Space Telescope.

Challenge '95 - The Ariane 5 Development Programme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vedrenne, M.; van Gaver, M.

1987-10-01

The Ariane-5 launcher has been assigned to the following types of missions: (1) launching geostationary and sun-synchronous commercial satellites, and scientific and trial applications satellites; (2) launching the Hermes spaceplane, and (3) launching elements of the Columbus system such as the man-tended free-flyer module, and the polar platform. A new launch complex, the ELA-3, is being built for the Ariane-5 launcher close to ESA's ELA-1 and ELA-2 launch complexes at Kourou. After two qualification flights in the automatic version in 1995 (501 and 502), it is expected that Ariane-5 will be declared operational with its first commercial flight planned for early 1996 to put an automatic payload into orbit.

7 CFR 1221.4 - Certified organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certified organization. 1221.4 Section 1221.4 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... organization. Certified organization means any organization that has been certified by the Secretary pursuant...

13 CFR 500.205 - Application process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... independent Certified Public Accountants; (8)(i) An independent oil and gas company, as defined in section 201... financial statements reviewed by a certified public accountant following generally accepted accounting... independent certified public accountant. Statements from the prior two years must be reviewed by a certified...

7 CFR 201.75 - Interagency certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.75 Interagency certification. Interagency certification may be accomplished... certify a lot of seed. (a) The certifying agency issuing labels for all classes of certified seed shall...

7 CFR 201.75 - Interagency certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.75 Interagency certification. Interagency certification may be accomplished... certify a lot of seed. (a) The certifying agency issuing labels for all classes of certified seed shall...

7 CFR 201.75 - Interagency certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.75 Interagency certification. Interagency certification may be accomplished... certify a lot of seed. (a) The certifying agency issuing labels for all classes of certified seed shall...

7 CFR 201.75 - Interagency certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.75 Interagency certification. Interagency certification may be accomplished... certify a lot of seed. (a) The certifying agency issuing labels for all classes of certified seed shall...

7 CFR 201.75 - Interagency certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.75 Interagency certification. Interagency certification may be accomplished... certify a lot of seed. (a) The certifying agency issuing labels for all classes of certified seed shall...

40 CFR 158.350 - Certified limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certified limits. 158.350 Section 158.350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.350 Certified limits. The applicant must propose certified...

76 FR 19310 - Information Collection; Certified State Mediation Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-07

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Information Collection; Certified State Mediation... supports the Certified State Mediation Program. The information collection is necessary to ensure the grant... submit comments by any of the following methods: Mail: Carol Wagner, Certified State Mediation Program...

40 CFR 158.350 - Certified limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Certified limits. 158.350 Section 158.350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.350 Certified limits. The applicant must propose certified...

40 CFR 158.350 - Certified limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified limits. 158.350 Section 158.350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.350 Certified limits. The applicant must propose certified...

40 CFR 158.350 - Certified limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Certified limits. 158.350 Section 158.350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.350 Certified limits. The applicant must propose certified...

40 CFR 158.350 - Certified limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Certified limits. 158.350 Section 158.350 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES Product Chemistry § 158.350 Certified limits. The applicant must propose certified...

Summing Up the Unique Venus Transit 2004 (VT-2004) Programme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2004-11-01

On June 8, 2004, Venus - the Earth's sister planet - passed in front of the Sun. This rare event - the last one occurred in 1882 - attracted the attention of millions of people all over the world. In a few days' time, on November 5-7, 2004, about 150 educators, media representatives, as well as amateur and professional astronomers will gather in Paris (France) at the international conference "The Venus Transit Experience" to discuss the outcome of the related Venus Transit 2004 (VT-2004) public education programme. This unique project was set up by the European Southern Observatory (ESO), together with the European Association for Astronomy Education (EAAE), the Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE) and the Observatoire de Paris in France, as well as the Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It was also supported by the European Commission in the framework of the European Science and Technology Week, cf. ESO PR 03/04. The VT-2004 programme successfully exposed the broad public to a number of fundamental issues at the crucial interface between society and basic science. It ensured the most comprehensive real-time coverage of the event via an extremely dynamic Central Display that was updated a short intervals. Thanks to the prior establishment of hundreds of mirror sites, the VT-2004 website was easily accessible all through the transit, even though it experienced about 55 million webhits during a period of 8 hours. The VT-2004 programme established a wide international network of individuals (including school teachers and their students, amateur astronomers, interested laypeople, etc.) and educational institutions (astronomical observatories, planetaria, science centres, etc.), as well as 25 National Nodes with their own websites about the Venus Transit in as many local languages. It collected a large number of photos and drawings. It also included an international Video Contest, inviting all interested parties to expose a theme around the transit, e.g., preparations for the event and the actual observations, as well as conveying the personal impressions. A professional jury has now selected among the many excellent entries the laureates (see the list below) who will present their videos at the Paris conference this week, competing for one of the top prizes, including a trip by the winning team to the ESO Paranal Observatory (Chile), home of the Very Large Telescope. The "Venus Transit Experience" Conference The Venus Transit Experience conference will take place at "Le Carré des Sciences" at the French Ministry of Research in Paris. It brings together the main participants in this project from many different European countries. A main aim is to discuss the impact of the project, identifying possible differences from country to country and showing how to share good practices in the future. The VT-2004 programme provided an exciting field test for the execution of large-scale public activities relating to a particular, scientific event with strong operational constraints, including the requirement to act in real-time as this event progressed. Much valuable experience was gathered for future continent-wide activities involving the same mechanisms and carried out under similar conditions. Thus, the overall outcome of this unique public education project is clearly of very wide interest, not just in the field of astronomy. The Distance to the Sun Remeasured A central feature of the VT-2004 programme was the VT-2004 Observing Campaign, aimed at re-enacting the historical determination of the distance to the Sun (the "Astronomical Unit") by collecting timings of the four contacts made by participating observers and combining them in a calculation of the AU. A large number of groups of observers registered; at the end, there were 2763 all over the world. Among these were almost 1000 school classes, demonstrating the large interest among students and teachers to participate actively in this unique celestial event. As expected, not all groups delivered timing observations of the transit. In some places, the weather did not co-operate, some observers may have had instrumental problems, e.g., with the time signals, and others may not have felt confident to send in their measurements. Still, the resulting database is very comprehensive: before the stipulated deadline on July 10, 2004, no less than 4550 contact timings were received from 1510 registered observers! The impressive outcome of this unique project is now available in a number of reports, accessible via the "VT-2004 Observing Campaign Results" webpage. Following extensive analysis of this large material at Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE; Paris), the resulting distance from the Earth to the Sun, based on the extensive observational data is: Calculated value of 1 AU with uncertainty Difference from "true" value 149 608 708 km ± 11 835 km + 10 838 km This result is only 0.007% larger than the currently accepted value, as determined by radar measurements (1 AU = 149 597 871 km), a splendid outcome of a truly unique international collaboration! A comparison with the results obtained by transit observations in past centuries shows that the above determination of the distance to the Sun in 2004 is the "best" in terms of accuracy, despite the relative lack of experience of most of the observers and notwithstanding a random distribution of the observing sites, caused by the absence in 2004 of any specific planning as this was done in earlier centuries. This success is undoubtedly due, above all, to more accurate timings and better known geographical locations, better optics in the telescopes, digital image recording and advanced image processing software. In fact, even if we had not known the distance to the Sun before the Venus Transit 2004, we would have been able to measure it with an accuracy of one hundredth of a percent by means of the observations made on this occasion by the many participants all over the world! Appendix: List of VT-2004 Video Laureates Here is the list of Video Laureates (in alphabetic order) who will present their films at the "Venus Transit Experience" conference in Paris (November 5-7, 2004): * ...121 ans après - Dourbes, Belgium * The Big Black Dot - Poznan, Poland * Millennium Transit - Torun, Poland * Venus in Sole Visa - Praha, Czech Republik * Venus, the transit - Epinay-sous-Senart, France * Venus-Transit - Dresden, Germany * Venus Transit 2004 - Pisek, Czech Republic * Venus Transit 2004 - Teplice, Czech Republic * The Venus Transit in the Golden Valley - Hereford, UK * What's happening in Bialkow? - Wroclaw, Poland The winners of the prizes will be announced at the VT-2004 website on Monday, November 8, 2004.

How have changes in front air bag designs affected frontal crash death rates? An update.

PubMed

Teoh, Eric R

2014-01-01

Provide updated death rates comparing latest generations of frontal air bags in fatal crashes. Rates of driver and right-front passenger deaths in frontal crashes per 10 million registered vehicle years were compared using Poisson marginal structural models for passenger vehicles equipped with air bags certified as advanced and compliant (CAC), sled-certified air bags with advanced features, and sled-certified air bags without any advanced features. Analyses of driver death rates were disaggregated by age group, gender, and belt use. CAC air bags were associated with slightly elevated frontal crash death rates for both drivers and right-front passengers compared to sled-certified air bags with advanced features, but the differences were not statistically significant. Sled-certified air bags with advanced features were associated with significant benefits for drivers and for right-front passengers compared to sled-certified air bags without advanced features. CAC air bags were associated with a significant increase in belted driver death rate and a comparable but nonsignificant decrease in unbelted driver death rate compared to sled-certified air bags with advanced features. Sled-certified air bags with advanced features were associated with a nonsignificant 2 percent increase in belted driver death rate and a significant 26 percent decrease in unbelted driver death rate, relative to sled-certified air bags without advanced features. Implementing advanced features in sled-certified air bags was beneficial overall to drivers and right-front passengers with sled-certified air bags. No overall benefit was observed for CAC air bags compared to sled-certified air bags with advanced features. Further study is needed to understand the apparent reduction in belted driver protection observed for CAC air bags.

7 CFR 205.662 - Noncompliance procedure for certified operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) ORGANIC FOODS PRODUCTION ACT PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Administrative Compliance § 205.662... of a certified operation by a certifying agent or a State organic program's governing State official... demonstrates that each noncompliance has been resolved, the certifying agent or the State organic program's...

7 CFR 980.1 - Import regulations; Irish potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... effective date hereof importation of Irish potatoes, except certified seed potatoes, shall be prohibited... Plant Quarantine Act of 1912. (e) Certified seed. Certified seed potatoes shall include only those potatoes which are officially certified and tagged as seed potatoes by the Plant Health and Production...

7 CFR 980.1 - Import regulations; Irish potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... effective date hereof importation of Irish potatoes, except certified seed potatoes, shall be prohibited... Plant Quarantine Act of 1912. (e) Certified seed. Certified seed potatoes shall include only those potatoes which are officially certified and tagged as seed potatoes by the Plant Health and Production...

7 CFR 980.1 - Import regulations; Irish potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... effective date hereof importation of Irish potatoes, except certified seed potatoes, shall be prohibited... Plant Quarantine Act of 1912. (e) Certified seed. Certified seed potatoes shall include only those potatoes which are officially certified and tagged as seed potatoes by the Plant Health and Production...

7 CFR 980.1 - Import regulations; Irish potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... effective date hereof importation of Irish potatoes, except certified seed potatoes, shall be prohibited... Plant Quarantine Act of 1912. (e) Certified seed. Certified seed potatoes shall include only those potatoes which are officially certified and tagged as seed potatoes by the Plant Health and Production...

45 CFR 155.225 - Certified application counselors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... agency, to certify its staff members or volunteers to act as certified application counselors who perform...) of this section; (ii) Directly certifying individual staff members or volunteers of Exchange... or volunteer enters into an agreement with the Exchange to comply with the standards and requirements...

7 CFR 983.7 - Certified pistachios.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certified pistachios. 983.7 Section 983.7 Agriculture... and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PISTACHIOS GROWN IN CALIFORNIA, ARIZONA, AND NEW MEXICO Definitions § 983.7 Certified pistachios. Certified pistachios are those that meet...

12 CFR 327.2 - Certified statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... that, to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, the information shown on the quarterly certified... belief, the information shown on the quarterly certified statement invoice is not true, correct, and... quarterly certified statement invoice under paragraph (e)(2), that will result in a change to deposit...

Difficulties of Alternatively Certified Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schonfeld, Irvin Sam; Feinman, Samantha J.

2012-01-01

This daily diary study followed, over a 2-week period, 252 beginning New York City public school teachers. Seventy percent were alternatively certified (New York City Teaching Fellows) and the rest, traditionally certified teachers. Alternatively certified teachers were more likely to experience stressors such as violent incidents and classroom…

30 CFR 90.203 - Certified person; maintenance and calibration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY HEALTH STANDARDS-COAL MINERS WHO HAVE EVIDENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PNEUMOCONIOSIS Sampling Procedures § 90.203 Certified person; maintenance and calibration. (a) Approved sampling devices shall be maintained and calibrated by a certified person. (b) To be certified, a...

40 CFR 80.1600 - Additional definitions for subpart O.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... California. Certified ethanol denaturant means ethanol denaturant that meets the requirements of § 80.1611. Certified Sulfur-FRGAS has the meaning given in § 80.1666(a)(5). Denatured fuel ethanol (DFE) means an.... Ethanol denaturant means previously certified gasoline (including previously certified blendstocks for...

22 CFR 92.62 - Captioning and certifying depositions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Captioning and certifying depositions. 92.62... SERVICES Depositions and Letters Rogatory § 92.62 Captioning and certifying depositions. The notarizing officer should prepare a caption for every deposition; should certify on the deposition that the witness...

22 CFR 92.62 - Captioning and certifying depositions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Captioning and certifying depositions. 92.62... SERVICES Depositions and Letters Rogatory § 92.62 Captioning and certifying depositions. The notarizing officer should prepare a caption for every deposition; should certify on the deposition that the witness...

7 CFR 980.1 - Import regulations; Irish potatoes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... importation of Irish potatoes, except certified seed potatoes, shall be prohibited unless they comply with the... Plant Quarantine Act of 1912. (e) Certified seed. Certified seed potatoes shall include only those potatoes which are officially certified and tagged as seed potatoes by the Plant Health and Production...

42 CFR 410.69 - Services of a certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic rule and definitions. (a... registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant who is legally authorized to perform the... an anesthesiologist's assistant and a certified registered nurse anesthetist. Certified registered...

7 CFR 201.70 - Limitations of generations for certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Limitations of generations for certified seed. 201.70... SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.70 Limitations of generations for certified seed...

7 CFR 201.70 - Limitations of generations for certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Limitations of generations for certified seed. 201.70... SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.70 Limitations of generations for certified seed...

7 CFR 457.145 - Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement. 457... INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMON CROP INSURANCE REGULATIONS § 457.145 Potato crop insurance—certified seed endorsement. The Potato Crop Insurance Certified Seed Endorsement Provisions for...

7 CFR 457.145 - Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement. 457... INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMON CROP INSURANCE REGULATIONS § 457.145 Potato crop insurance—certified seed endorsement. The Potato Crop Insurance Certified Seed Endorsement Provisions for...

7 CFR 457.145 - Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement. 457... INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMON CROP INSURANCE REGULATIONS § 457.145 Potato crop insurance—certified seed endorsement. The Potato Crop Insurance Certified Seed Endorsement Provisions for...

7 CFR 457.145 - Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Potato crop insurance-certified seed endorsement. 457... INSURANCE CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMON CROP INSURANCE REGULATIONS § 457.145 Potato crop insurance—certified seed endorsement. The Potato Crop Insurance Certified Seed Endorsement Provisions for...

30 CFR 70.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 70.202 Section 70... HEALTH MANDATORY HEALTH STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Sampling Procedures § 70.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this part shall be done by a certified person. (b...

30 CFR 90.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 90.202 Section 90... Sampling Procedures § 90.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this... on sampling of respirable coal mine dust. (c) A person may be temporarily certified by MSHA to take...

30 CFR 71.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 71.202 Section 71... Sampling Procedures § 71.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this... on sampling of respirable coal mine dust. (c) A person may be temporarily certified by MSHA to take...

30 CFR 71.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 71.202 Section 71... Sampling Procedures § 71.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this... on sampling of respirable coal mine dust. (c) A person may be temporarily certified by MSHA to take...

30 CFR 90.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 90.202 Section 90... Sampling Procedures § 90.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this... on sampling of respirable coal mine dust. (c) A person may be temporarily certified by MSHA to take...

30 CFR 70.202 - Certified person; sampling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certified person; sampling. 70.202 Section 70... HEALTH MANDATORY HEALTH STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Sampling Procedures § 70.202 Certified person; sampling. (a) The respirable dust sampling required by this part shall be done by a certified person. (b...

15 CFR 995.12 - Certification designation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR NOAA HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTORS OF NOAA... been certified by NOAA as a CED may use the phrase “Certified NOAA ENC Distributor” on products and marketing materials. An Applicant that has been certified by NOAA as a CEVAD may use the phrase “Certified...

15 CFR 995.12 - Certification designation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR NOAA HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTORS OF NOAA... been certified by NOAA as a CED may use the phrase “Certified NOAA ENC Distributor” on products and marketing materials. An Applicant that has been certified by NOAA as a CEVAD may use the phrase “Certified...

15 CFR 995.12 - Certification designation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR NOAA HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTORS OF NOAA... been certified by NOAA as a CED may use the phrase “Certified NOAA ENC Distributor” on products and marketing materials. An Applicant that has been certified by NOAA as a CEVAD may use the phrase “Certified...

15 CFR 995.12 - Certification designation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR NOAA HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTORS OF NOAA... been certified by NOAA as a CED may use the phrase “Certified NOAA ENC Distributor” on products and marketing materials. An Applicant that has been certified by NOAA as a CEVAD may use the phrase “Certified...

76 FR 71248 - Animal Food Labeling; Declaration of Certifiable Color Additives

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-17

.... FDA-2009-N-0025] Animal Food Labeling; Declaration of Certifiable Color Additives AGENCY: Food and... amending its regulations regarding the declaration of certified color additives on the labels of animal... common or usual names of all color additives required to be certified by FDA. An additional purpose of...

77 FR 44179 - Mechanical and Digital Phonorecord Delivery Compulsory License

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-27

... of account, certified by a certified public accountant, shall be filed for every compulsory license... Statements of Account, certified by a certified public accountant, shall be filed for every compulsory... it to the public for private use. The mechanical license may be used once phonorecords of a...

43 CFR 44.23 - How does the Department certify payment computations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Certified Public Accountant, or an independent public accountant, that the statement has been audited in... guidelines that State auditors, independent Certified Public Accountants, or independent public accountants... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false How does the Department certify payment...

42 CFR 410.77 - Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications and conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications... Medical and Other Health Services § 410.77 Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications and conditions. (a) Qualifications. For Medicare coverage of his or her services, a certified nurse-midwife must...

42 CFR 410.77 - Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications and conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications... Medical and Other Health Services § 410.77 Certified nurse-midwives' services: Qualifications and conditions. (a) Qualifications. For Medicare coverage of his or her services, a certified nurse-midwife must...

42 CFR 410.69 - Services of a certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic rule and definitions. (a... registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant who is legally authorized to perform the... assistant and a certified registered nurse anesthetist. Certified registered nurse anesthetist means a...

42 CFR 410.69 - Services of a certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic rule and definitions. (a... registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant who is legally authorized to perform the... assistant and a certified registered nurse anesthetist. Certified registered nurse anesthetist means a...

7 CFR 201.74 - Labeling of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Labeling of all classes of certified seed. 201.74... SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.74 Labeling of all classes of certified seed. (a...

7 CFR 201.74 - Labeling of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Labeling of all classes of certified seed. 201.74... SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.74 Labeling of all classes of certified seed. (a...

13 CFR 120.812 - Probationary period for newly certified CDCs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... certified CDCs. 120.812 Section 120.812 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Certification Procedures to Become A Cdc § 120.812 Probationary period for newly certified CDCs. (a) Newly certified CDCs will be on probation for a period of two...

13 CFR 120.812 - Probationary period for newly certified CDCs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... certified CDCs. 120.812 Section 120.812 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Certification Procedures to Become A Cdc § 120.812 Probationary period for newly certified CDCs. (a) Newly certified CDCs will be on probation for a period of two...

13 CFR 120.812 - Probationary period for newly certified CDCs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... certified CDCs. 120.812 Section 120.812 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Certification Procedures to Become A Cdc § 120.812 Probationary period for newly certified CDCs. (a) Newly certified CDCs will be on probation for a period of two...

13 CFR 120.812 - Probationary period for newly certified CDCs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... certified CDCs. 120.812 Section 120.812 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Certification Procedures to Become A Cdc § 120.812 Probationary period for newly certified CDCs. (a) Newly certified CDCs will be on probation for a period of two...

9 CFR 149.5 - Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of certified swine. 149.5 Section 149.5 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH... § 149.5 Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine. Certified swine moved from a..., collection point, or slaughter facility, must remain segregated from noncertified swine at all times and...

9 CFR 149.5 - Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of certified swine. 149.5 Section 149.5 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH... § 149.5 Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine. Certified swine moved from a..., collection point, or slaughter facility, must remain segregated from noncertified swine at all times and...

9 CFR 149.5 - Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of certified swine. 149.5 Section 149.5 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH... § 149.5 Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine. Certified swine moved from a..., collection point, or slaughter facility, must remain segregated from noncertified swine at all times and...

9 CFR 149.5 - Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of certified swine. 149.5 Section 149.5 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH... § 149.5 Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine. Certified swine moved from a..., collection point, or slaughter facility, must remain segregated from noncertified swine at all times and...

9 CFR 149.5 - Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of certified swine. 149.5 Section 149.5 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH... § 149.5 Offsite identification and segregation of certified swine. Certified swine moved from a..., collection point, or slaughter facility, must remain segregated from noncertified swine at all times and...

76 FR 34287 - Proposed Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-13

...--Certified Memory Modules 744 Railroads...... 200 certified 2 hours + 200 hours 600 memory modules. for test design. Lead Locomotives w/Certified 744 Railroads...... 600 certified 2 hours 1,200 Module. memory... memory modules. Module. Form(s): FRA F 6180.49A. Total Responses: 5,779,206. Estimated Total Annual...

15 CFR 995.12 - Certification designation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR NOAA HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISTRIBUTORS OF NOAA... been certified by NOAA as a CED may use the phrase “Certified NOAA ENC Distributor” on products and marketing materials. An Applicant that has been certified by NOAA as a CEVAD may use the phrase “Certified...

Contribution to the certification of B, Cd, Cu, Mg and Pb in a synthetic water sample, by use of isotope-dilution ICP-MS, for Comparison 12 of the International Measurement Evaluation Programme.

PubMed

Diemer, J; Quétel, C R; Taylor, P D P

2002-09-01

The contribution of the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements to the certification of the B, Cd, Cu, Mg, and Pb content of a synthetic water sample used in Comparison 12 of the International Measurement Evaluation Programme (IMEP-12) is described. The aim of the IMEP programme is to demonstrate objectively the degree of equivalence and quality of chemical measurements of individual laboratories on the international scene by comparing them with reference ranges traceable to the SI (Système International d'Unités). IMEP is organized in support of European Union policies and helps to improve the traceability of values produced by field chemical measurement laboratories. The analytical procedure used to establish the reference values for the B, Cd, Cu, Mg, and Pb content of the IMEP-12 sample is based on inductively coupled plasma-isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (ICP-IDMS) applied as a primary method of measurement. The measurements performed for the IMEP-12 study are described in detail. Focus is on the element boron, which is particularly difficult to analyze by ICP-MS because of potential problems of low sensitivity, high mass discrimination, memory effects, and abundance sensitivity. For each of the certified amount contents presented here a total uncertainty budget was calculated using the method of propagation of uncertainties according to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and Eurachem guidelines. For all investigated elements with concentrations in the low micro g kg(-1) and mg kg(-1) range (corresponding to pmol kg(-1) to the high micro mol kg(-1) level), SI-traceable reference values with relative expanded uncertainties ( k=2) of less than 2 % were obtained.

An investigation of safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified and non-certified organizations.

PubMed

Ghahramani, Abolfazl

2016-09-01

Many organizations worldwide have implemented Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001 in their premises because of the assumed positive effects of this standard on safety. Few studies have analyzed the effect of the safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified organizations. This case-control study used a new safety climate questionnaire to evaluate three OHSAS 18001-certified and three non-certified manufacturing companies in Iran. Hierarchical regression indicated that the safety climate was influenced by OHSAS implementation and by safety training. Employees who received safety training had better perceptions of the safety climate and its dimensions than other respondents within the certified companies. This study found that the implementation of OHSAS 18001 does not guarantee improvement of the safety climate. This study also emphasizes the need for high-quality safety training for employees of the certified companies to improve the safety climate.

Teacher quality: a comparison of National Board-certified and non-Board-certified teachers of deaf students.

PubMed

Scheetz, Nanci A; Martin, David S

2006-01-01

THE STUDY was designed to identify specific components of teacher excellence, focusing initially on the characteristics of the small number of teachers of the deaf who are certified by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS), then comparing those with the characteristics of other teachers identified as master teachers by university faculty in teacher preparation in deafness. Classroom observation, written lesson plans, teacher questionnaires on beliefs, and content analysis of interactive electronic focus groups were used to compare the two groups of teachers. Results indicated similarities between Board-certified and non-Board-certified master teachers in regard to teacher behaviors and commitment to well-founded pedagogical principles. Differences were found in classroom priorities and in the greater level of interconnectivity expressed by Board-certified teachers as the result of becoming Board certified. Recommendations are made for preparing teachers of deaf students.

42 CFR 414.54 - Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services. 414... Physicians and Other Practitioners § 414.54 Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services. For services...)(1)(K) of the Act for the payment of certified nurse-midwife services may not exceed 65 percent of...

42 CFR 414.54 - Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services. 414... Physicians and Other Practitioners § 414.54 Payment for certified nurse-midwives' services. (a) For services...)(1)(K) of the Act for the payment of certified nurse-midwife services may not exceed 65 percent of...

7 CFR 201.73 - Processors and processing of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.73 Processors and processing... of certified seed: (a) Facilities shall be available to perform processing without introducing... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Processors and processing of all classes of certified...

7 CFR 201.73 - Processors and processing of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.73 Processors and processing... of certified seed: (a) Facilities shall be available to perform processing without introducing... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Processors and processing of all classes of certified...

7 CFR 201.73 - Processors and processing of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.73 Processors and processing... of certified seed: (a) Facilities shall be available to perform processing without introducing... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Processors and processing of all classes of certified...

7 CFR 201.73 - Processors and processing of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.73 Processors and processing... of certified seed: (a) Facilities shall be available to perform processing without introducing... 7 Agriculture 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Processors and processing of all classes of certified...

7 CFR 201.73 - Processors and processing of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.73 Processors and processing... of certified seed: (a) Facilities shall be available to perform processing without introducing... 7 Agriculture 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Processors and processing of all classes of certified...

25 CFR 81.23 - Posting and certifying election results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Posting and certifying election results. 81.23 Section 81... REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL STATUTE § 81.23 Posting and certifying election results. (a) The results of the... appropriate public places determined by the election board. (b) The election board shall certify the results...

25 CFR 81.23 - Posting and certifying election results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Posting and certifying election results. 81.23 Section 81... REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL STATUTE § 81.23 Posting and certifying election results. (a) The results of the... appropriate public places determined by the election board. (b) The election board shall certify the results...

25 CFR 81.23 - Posting and certifying election results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Posting and certifying election results. 81.23 Section 81... REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL STATUTE § 81.23 Posting and certifying election results. (a) The results of the... appropriate public places determined by the election board. (b) The election board shall certify the results...

25 CFR 81.23 - Posting and certifying election results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Posting and certifying election results. 81.23 Section 81... REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL STATUTE § 81.23 Posting and certifying election results. (a) The results of the... appropriate public places determined by the election board. (b) The election board shall certify the results...

25 CFR 81.23 - Posting and certifying election results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Posting and certifying election results. 81.23 Section 81... REORGANIZATION UNDER A FEDERAL STATUTE § 81.23 Posting and certifying election results. (a) The results of the... appropriate public places determined by the election board. (b) The election board shall certify the results...

7 CFR 201.71 - Establishing the source of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... seed. 201.71 Section 201.71 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.71 Establishing the source of all classes of certified seed. The certifying agency shall have evidence of the class and source of...

7 CFR 97.122 - Certified seed only election.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Certified seed only election. 97.122 Section 97.122... PLANT VARIETY AND PROTECTION Reissuance of Certificate § 97.122 Certified seed only election. When an... of certified seed, a new certificate may be issued upon return of the original certificate to the...

7 CFR 201.71 - Establishing the source of all classes of certified seed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... seed. 201.71 Section 201.71 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL SEED ACT FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS Certified Seed § 201.71 Establishing the source of all classes of certified seed. The certifying agency shall have evidence of the class and source of...

7 CFR 97.122 - Certified seed only election.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certified seed only election. 97.122 Section 97.122... PLANT VARIETY AND PROTECTION Reissuance of Certificate § 97.122 Certified seed only election. When an... of certified seed, a new certificate may be issued upon return of the original certificate to the...

30 CFR 285.705 - When must I use a Certified Verification Agent (CVA)?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... INTERIOR OFFSHORE RENEWABLE ENERGY ALTERNATE USES OF EXISTING FACILITIES ON THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF Facility Design, Fabrication, and Installation Certified Verification Agent § 285.705 When must I use a Certified Verification Agent (CVA)? You must use a CVA to review and certify the Facility Design Report, the...

30 CFR 77.100 - Certified person.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified person. 77.100 Section 77.100 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Qualified and Certified Persons § 77.100 Certified...

9 CFR 355.29 - Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other carnivora.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... dogs, cats, and other carnivora. 355.29 Section 355.29 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFIED PRODUCTS FOR DOGS, CATS, AND OTHER... Composition of Certified Products § 355.29 Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other...

48 CFR 15.402 - Pricing policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data when required by 15.403-4, along with data other than certified cost or pricing data as necessary to establish a fair and reasonable price; or (2) When certified cost or pricing data are not required by 15.403-4, obtain data other than certified cost or pricing data as necessary...

48 CFR 15.402 - Pricing policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data when required by 15.403-4, along with data other than certified cost or pricing data as necessary to establish a fair and reasonable price; or (2) When certified cost or pricing data are not required by 15.403-4, obtain data other than certified cost or pricing data as necessary...

Personnel Profile: Characteristics of Certified Public School Employees 1980-1981 through 1990-1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of LEA Personnel Services.

This report provides information on selected characteristics of certified public school employees between 1980-81 and 1990-91. Information on certified personnel in 1989-90 was not available. Certified employees are grouped into function areas such as teachers, principals, guidance counselors, etc., based on each person's primary work assignment.…

9 CFR 355.29 - Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other carnivora.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... dogs, cats, and other carnivora. 355.29 Section 355.29 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFIED PRODUCTS FOR DOGS, CATS, AND OTHER... Composition of Certified Products § 355.29 Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other...

9 CFR 355.29 - Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other carnivora.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... for human food purposes; (iii) Certified animal protein supplement may contain not more than 3 percent... protein supplement shall contain not less than 3 percent fat. (2) Certified pet food supplement shall... carnivora. (a) Composition of canned or semi-moist certified maintenance food. (1) Only ingredients which...

9 CFR 355.29 - Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other carnivora.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... for human food purposes; (iii) Certified animal protein supplement may contain not more than 3 percent... protein supplement shall contain not less than 3 percent fat. (2) Certified pet food supplement shall... carnivora. (a) Composition of canned or semi-moist certified maintenance food. (1) Only ingredients which...

9 CFR 355.29 - Composition of certified products for dogs, cats, and other carnivora.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... for human food purposes; (iii) Certified animal protein supplement may contain not more than 3 percent... protein supplement shall contain not less than 3 percent fat. (2) Certified pet food supplement shall... carnivora. (a) Composition of canned or semi-moist certified maintenance food. (1) Only ingredients which...

40 CFR 60.1195 - What if all the certified operators must be temporarily offsite?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... corrective action summary to the Administrator every 4 weeks following the initial notification. If the... facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or... facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 2 weeks, and no other certified...

40 CFR 62.15140 - What if all the certified operators must be temporarily offsite?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the... more than 2 weeks and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room... supervisor is onsite. (2) Submit a status report and corrective action summary to the Administrator every 4...

40 CFR 62.15140 - What if all the certified operators must be temporarily offsite?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the... more than 2 weeks and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room... supervisor is onsite. (2) Submit a status report and corrective action summary to the Administrator every 4...

A Comparison of Retention Rates of Alternatively Certified and Traditional Certified Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dial, Micah

1992-01-01

A survey of 2,500 teachers entering a large urban school district over the last 7 years showed that alternatively certified teachers were as likely as traditional, university-certified teachers to remain in the profession and pay back the school district's initial investment in teacher training. Many become committed to teaching as a meaningful…

A Comparison of the Ethical Beliefs of Certified Rehabilitation Counselors and National Certified Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tarvydas, V. M.; Leahy, M. J.; Saunders, J. L.

2004-01-01

Results of a national survey of certified rehabilitation counselors (CRCs) are compared with those obtained by Gibson and Pope (1993) from a national sample of national certified counselors (NCCs) to determine their beliefs about whether particular behaviors are ethical, and the degree of consensus or controversy about these behaviors.…

Sun-to-Earth Analysis of a Major Geoeffective Solar Eruption within the Framework of the

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patsourakos, S.; Vlahos, L.; Georgoulis, M.; Tziotziou, K.; Nindos, A.; Podladchikova, O.; Vourlidas, A.; Anastasiadis, A.; Sandberg, I.; Tsinganos, K.; Daglis, I.; Hillaris, A.; Preka-Papadema, P.; Sarris, M.; Sarris, T.

2013-09-01

Transient expulsions of gigantic clouds of solar coronal plasma into the interplanetary space in the form of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and sudden, intense flashes of electromagnetic radiation, solar flares, are well-established drivers of the variable Space Weather. Given the innate, intricate links and connections between the solar drivers and their geomagnetic effects, synergistic efforts assembling all pieces of the puzzle along the Sun-Earth line are required to advance our understanding of the physics of Space Weather. This is precisely the focal point of the Hellenic National Space Weather Research Network (HNSWRN) under the THALIS Programme. Within the HNSWRN framework, we present here the first results from a coordinated multi-instrument case study of a major solar eruption (X5.4 and X1.3 flares associated with two ultra-fast (>2000 km/s) CMEs) which were launched early on 7 March 2012 and triggered an intense geomagnetic storm (min Dst =-147 nT) approximately two days afterwards. Several elements of the associated phenomena, such as the flare and CME, EUV wave, WL shock, proton and electron event, interplanetary type II radio burst, ICME and magnetic cloud and their spatiotemporal relationships and connections are studied all way from Sun to Earth. To this end, we make use of satellite data from a flotilla of solar, heliospheric and magnetospheric missions and monitors (e.g., SDO, STEREO, WIND, ACE, Herschel, Planck and INTEGRAL). We also present our first steps toward formulating a cohesive physical scenario to explain the string of the observables and to assess the various physical mechanisms than enabled and gave rise to the significant geoeffectiveness of the eruption.

ISAAC: A REXUS Student Experiment to Demonstrate an Ejection System with Predefined Direction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balmer, G.; Berquand, A.; Company-Vallet, E.; Granberg, V.; Grigore, V.; Ivchenko, N.; Kevorkov, R.; Lundkvist, E.; Olentsenko, G.; Pacheco-Labrador, J.; Tibert, G.; Yuan, Y.

2015-09-01

ISAAC Infrared Spectroscopy to Analyse the middle Atmosphere Composition — was a student experiment launched from SSC's Esrange Space Centre, Sweden, on 29th May 2014, on board the sounding rocket REXUS 15 in the frame of the REXUS/BEXUS programme. The main focus of the experiment was to implement an ejection system for two large Free Falling Units (FFUs) (240 mm x 80 mm) to be ejected from a spinning rocket into a predefined direction. The system design relied on a spring-based ejection system. Sun and angular rate sensors were used to control and time the ejection. The flight data includes telemetry from the Rocket Mounted Unit (RMU), received and saved during flight, as well as video footage from the GoPro camera mounted inside the RMU and recovered after the flight. The FFUs' direction, speed and spin frequency as well as the rocket spin frequency were determined by analyzing the video footage. The FFU-Rocket-Sun angles were 64.3° and 104.3°, within the required margins of 90°+45°. The FFU speeds were 3.98 mIs and 3.74 mIs, lower than the expected 5± 1 mIs. The FFUs' spin frequencies were 1 .38 Hz and 1 .60 Hz, approximately half the rocket's spin frequency. The rocket spin rate slightly changed from 3. 163 Hz before the ejection to 3.1 17 Hz after the ejection of the two FFUs. The angular rate, sun sensor data and temperature on the inside of the rocket module skin were also recorded. The experiment design and results of the data analysis are presented in this paper.

Certified Professionals in Action

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Irrigation professionals certified by WaterSense labeled certifying organizations are trained in water-efficient practices. Learn more about how professionals are helping customers save water with better irrigation practices.

Solar Orbiter Status Update

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zouganelis, Y.; Mueller, D.; St Cyr, O. C.; Gilbert, H. R.

2016-12-01

Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme, promises to deliver groundbreaking science with previously unavailable observational capabilities provided by a suite of in-situ and remote-sensing instruments in a unique orbit. The mission will address the central question of heliophysics: How does the Sun create and control the heliosphere? The heliosphere represents a uniquely accessible domain of space, where fundamental physical processes common to solar, astrophysical and laboratory plasmas can be studied under conditions impossible to reproduce on Earth and unfeasible to observe from astronomical distances. In this talk, we highlight the scientific goals of Solar Orbiter, address the synergy between this joint ESA/NASA mission and other new space and ground-based observatories, and present the mission's development status.

Analysis of Army Contracting Command Contract Specialist Vacancy Announcements

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

program CPCM Certified Professional Contracts Manager CPM Certified Purchasing Manager CPOL Civilian Personnel Online CPSM Certified...experience, a Bachelor’s degree and the applicant is 28 required to pass three CPSM examinations. (2) The Certified Purchasing Manager Program ( CPM ...is currently being phased out and is available only for recertification. The CPM required five years of full time professional supply management

13 CFR 124.1003 - How does a firm become certified as an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... as an SDB? 124.1003 Section 124.1003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 8(a... certified as an SDB? (a) All firms that are current Participants in SBA's 8(a) BD program are automatically deemed to be certified SDBs. (b) Any firm seeking to be certified as an SDB in order to represent that it...

13 CFR 124.1003 - How does a firm become certified as an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... as an SDB? 124.1003 Section 124.1003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 8(a... certified as an SDB? (a) All firms that are current Participants in SBA's 8(a) BD program are automatically deemed to be certified SDBs. (b) Any firm seeking to be certified as an SDB in order to represent that it...

13 CFR 124.1003 - How does a firm become certified as an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... as an SDB? 124.1003 Section 124.1003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 8(a... certified as an SDB? (a) All firms that are current Participants in SBA's 8(a) BD program are automatically deemed to be certified SDBs. (b) Any firm seeking to be certified as an SDB in order to represent that it...

13 CFR 124.1003 - How does a firm become certified as an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... as an SDB? 124.1003 Section 124.1003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 8(a... certified as an SDB? (a) All firms that are current Participants in SBA's 8(a) BD program are automatically deemed to be certified SDBs. (b) Any firm seeking to be certified as an SDB in order to represent that it...

13 CFR 124.1003 - How does a firm become certified as an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... as an SDB? 124.1003 Section 124.1003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 8(a... certified as an SDB? (a) All firms that are current Participants in SBA's 8(a) BD program are automatically deemed to be certified SDBs. (b) Any firm seeking to be certified as an SDB in order to represent that it...

The Use of Certified Mail in Mail Surveys. Research Memorandum No. 73-25.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Echternacht, Gary J.; McCaffrey, Patty J.

The cost effectiveness of using certified mail as a device to raise response rates in mail surveys is investigated. Of the three optional services offered by the Post Office when sending certified mail, the base certified rate was recommended, since the Post Office often failed to perform the more expensive services. A sample of 120 students from…

Dynamically programmable cache

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakkar, Mouna; Harding, John A.; Schwartz, David A.; Franzon, Paul D.; Conte, Thomas

1998-10-01

Reconfigurable machines have recently been used as co- processors to accelerate the execution of certain algorithms or program subroutines. The problems with the above approach include high reconfiguration time and limited partial reconfiguration. By far the most critical problems are: (1) the small on-chip memory which results in slower execution time, and (2) small FPGA areas that cannot implement large subroutines. Dynamically Programmable Cache (DPC) is a novel architecture for embedded processors which offers solutions to the above problems. To solve memory access problems, DPC processors merge reconfigurable arrays with the data cache at various cache levels to create a multi-level reconfigurable machines. As a result DPC machines have both higher data accessibility and FPGA memory bandwidth. To solve the limited FPGA resource problem, DPC processors implemented multi-context switching (Virtualization) concept. Virtualization allows implementation of large subroutines with fewer FPGA cells. Additionally, DPC processors can parallelize the execution of several operations resulting in faster execution time. In this paper, the speedup improvement for DPC machines are shown to be 5X faster than an Altera FLEX10K FPGA chip and 2X faster than a Sun Ultral SPARC station for two different algorithms (convolution and motion estimation).

Concurrent Image Processing Executive (CIPE). Volume 1: Design overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Meemong; Groom, Steven L.; Mazer, Alan S.; Williams, Winifred I.

1990-01-01

The design and implementation of a Concurrent Image Processing Executive (CIPE), which is intended to become the support system software for a prototype high performance science analysis workstation are described. The target machine for this software is a JPL/Caltech Mark 3fp Hypercube hosted by either a MASSCOMP 5600 or a Sun-3, Sun-4 workstation; however, the design will accommodate other concurrent machines of similar architecture, i.e., local memory, multiple-instruction-multiple-data (MIMD) machines. The CIPE system provides both a multimode user interface and an applications programmer interface, and has been designed around four loosely coupled modules: user interface, host-resident executive, hypercube-resident executive, and application functions. The loose coupling between modules allows modification of a particular module without significantly affecting the other modules in the system. In order to enhance hypercube memory utilization and to allow expansion of image processing capabilities, a specialized program management method, incremental loading, was devised. To minimize data transfer between host and hypercube, a data management method which distributes, redistributes, and tracks data set information was implemented. The data management also allows data sharing among application programs. The CIPE software architecture provides a flexible environment for scientific analysis of complex remote sensing image data, such as planetary data and imaging spectrometry, utilizing state-of-the-art concurrent computation capabilities.

2D matrix engineering for homogeneous quantum dot coupling in photovoltaic solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Jixian; Voznyy, Oleksandr; Liu, Mengxia; Kirmani, Ahmad R.; Walters, Grant; Munir, Rahim; Abdelsamie, Maged; Proppe, Andrew H.; Sarkar, Amrita; García de Arquer, F. Pelayo; Wei, Mingyang; Sun, Bin; Liu, Min; Ouellette, Olivier; Quintero-Bermudez, Rafael; Li, Jie; Fan, James; Quan, Lina; Todorovic, Petar; Tan, Hairen; Hoogland, Sjoerd; Kelley, Shana O.; Stefik, Morgan; Amassian, Aram; Sargent, Edward H.

2018-06-01

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising photovoltaic (PV) materials because of their widely tunable absorption spectrum controlled by nanocrystal size1,2. Their bandgap tunability allows not only the optimization of single-junction cells, but also the fabrication of multijunction cells that complement perovskites and silicon3. Advances in surface passivation2,4-7, combined with advances in device structures8, have contributed to certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) that rose to 11% in 20169. Further gains in performance are available if the thickness of the devices can be increased to maximize the light harvesting at a high fill factor (FF). However, at present the active layer thickness is limited to 300 nm by the concomitant photocarrier diffusion length. To date, CQD devices thicker than this typically exhibit decreases in short-circuit current (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC), as seen in previous reports3,9-11. Here, we report a matrix engineering strategy for CQD solids that significantly enhances the photocarrier diffusion length. We find that a hybrid inorganic-amine coordinating complex enables us to generate a high-quality two-dimensionally (2D) confined inorganic matrix that programmes internanoparticle spacing at the atomic scale. This strategy enables the reduction of structural and energetic disorder in the solid and concurrent improvements in the CQD packing density and uniformity. Consequently, planar devices with a nearly doubled active layer thicknesses ( 600 nm) and record values of JSC (32 mA cm-2) are fabricated. The VOC improved as the current was increased. We demonstrate CQD solar cells with a certified record efficiency of 12%.

List of EPA Certified Forced-Air Furnaces

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The EPA-Certified Forced-Air Furnace list contains EPA-certified forced-air furnaces that meet the 2015 NSPS for New Residential Wood Heaters, New Residential Hydronic Heaters and Forced-Air Furnaces.

43 CFR 44.23 - How does the Department certify payment computations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Certified Public Accountant, or an independent public accountant, that the statement has been audited in... guidelines that State auditors, independent Certified Public Accountants, or independent public accountants...

43 CFR 44.23 - How does the Department certify payment computations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Certified Public Accountant, or an independent public accountant, that the statement has been audited in... guidelines that State auditors, independent Certified Public Accountants, or independent public accountants...

43 CFR 44.23 - How does the Department certify payment computations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Certified Public Accountant, or an independent public accountant, that the statement has been audited in... guidelines that State auditors, independent Certified Public Accountants, or independent public accountants...

43 CFR 44.23 - How does the Department certify payment computations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Certified Public Accountant, or an independent public accountant, that the statement has been audited in... guidelines that State auditors, independent Certified Public Accountants, or independent public accountants...

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (SUN3 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (SUN3 VERSION WITH MOTIF)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

A public health e-learning master's programme with a focus on health workforce development targeting francophone Africa: the University of Geneva experience.

PubMed

Chastonay, Philippe; Zesiger, Véronique; Moretti, Roberto; Cremaschini, Marco; Bailey, Rebecca; Wheeler, Erika; Mattig, Thomas; Avocksouma, Djona Atchenemou; Mpinga, Emmanuel Kabengele

2015-08-13

Shortage of a competent public health workforce is as a worldwide problem. The situation is especially bad in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2008, the World Health Organization and the Global Health Workforce Alliance launched a call for proposals for a public health training programme with an emphasis on health workforce development specifically targeting Africa. Our article presents the development, implementation and evaluation of an e-learning Master of Advanced Studies in Public Health on Workforce Development. The project was developed in collaboration with academic partner institutions of 10 French-speaking African countries and local/regional/HQ WHO offices. A five-step approach was adopted. First, a needs assessment study was done in the target countries, with identification of priority health issues. Second, student and tutor selection was done in collaboration with local WHO offices, health authorities and partner universities. Third, the e-platform was developed and a training workshop for tutors was organized. Fourth, the learning objectives were derived from the needs assessment study and an interactive educational approach was adopted. Fifth, the participation of students, their perception of the programme, their performance on assignments and community outcomes were monitored. The needs assessment allowed the identification of 12 priority health issues (trauma related to road accidents, maternal and child health, HIV/AIDS, mental heath, food and malnutrition, health resource management, infectious diseases, access to essential drugs, chronic diseases, health promotion, ageing and violence/conflicts) of which 10 were studied through the lens of the key public health disciplines (epidemiology, human resources, health project/service planning, health policy, communication, health economics/management, informatics and ethics/human rights), each validated through a certifying examination. Student participation, measured through connection hits (total: 58 256; mean: 168/student/module) and posted messages (total: 5994; mean: 18/student/module), was good, and global satisfaction was high (7.7/10). Twenty-nine students out of 37 obtained their master's degree from the University of Geneva. Outcomes reported include career development, strengthening of inter-country networks and common projects. Keys to the success of the programme were the enthusiasm and commitment of students, the availability of the coordination team, the simplicity of the electronic platform and the support of local/regional/WHO offices. Yet, the sustainability of the programme is not assured.

30-Day Mortality and Readmission after Hemorrhagic Stroke among Medicare Beneficiaries in Joint Commission Primary Stroke Center Certified and Non-Certified Hospitals

PubMed Central

Lichtman, Judith H.; Jones, Sara B.; Leifheit-Limson, Erica C.; Wang, Yun; Goldstein, Larry B.

2012-01-01

Background and Purpose Ischemic stroke patients treated at Joint Commission Primary Stroke Center (JC-PSC) certified hospitals have better outcomes. Data reflecting the impact of JC-PSC status on outcomes after hemorrhagic stroke are limited. We determined whether 30-day mortality and readmission rates after hemorrhagic stroke differed for patients treated at JC-PSC certified versus non-certified hospitals. Methods The study included all fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years old with a primary discharge diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in 2006. Covariate-adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the effect of care at a JC-PSC certified hospital on 30-day mortality and readmission. Results There were 2,305 SAH and 8,708 ICH discharges from JC-PSC certified hospitals and 3,892 SAH and 22,564 ICH discharges from non-certified hospitals. Unadjusted in-hospital mortality (SAH: 27.5% vs. 33.2%, p<0.0001; ICH: 27.9% vs. 29.6%, p=0.003) and 30-day mortality (SAH: 35.1% vs. 44.0%, p<0.0001; ICH: 39.8% vs. 42.4%, p<0.0001) were lower in JC-PSC hospitals, but 30-day readmission rates were similar (SAH: 17.0% vs. 17.0%, p=0.97; ICH: 16.0% vs. 15.5%; p=0.29). Risk-adjusted 30-day mortality was 34% lower (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.58–0.76) after SAH and 14% lower (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.80–0.92) after ICH for patients discharged from JC-PSC certified hospitals. There was no difference in 30-day risk-adjusted readmission rates for SAH or ICH based on JC-PSC status. Conclusions Patients treated at JC-PSC certified hospitals had lower risk-adjusted mortality rates for both SAH and ICH but similar 30-day readmission rates as compared with non-certified hospitals. PMID:22033986

Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association

MedlinePlus

... Press Release Patients & Families About Serious Illness Certified Nurses are Everywhere Advocacy Palliative Nursing Summit Recent Activity ... Principles State Ambassadors Advocacy Resources Healthcare Resources Certified Nurses Day Certified Nurses are Everywhere Certification is Transformational ...

A cohort study on elderly individuals newly certified as requiring long-term care: comparison of rates of care-needs certifications between basic checklist respondents/specific health examinees and non-respondents/non-examinees of 37,000 elderlies in a city.

PubMed

Fujimoto, Megumi; Katsura, Toshiki; Hoshino, Akiko; Shizawa, Miho; Usui, Kanae; Yokoyama, Eri; Hara, Mayumi

2018-05-01

Objective: The rates of care-needs certification were mainly compared between two cohorts: 7,820 specific health checkup examinees/basic checklist respondents and 29,234 non-examinees/non-respondents. Subjects and Methods: Among approximately 37,000 elderly citizens of X City, the number of individuals newly certified as requiring long-term care were observed from the date of the first specific health checkup in 2008 to March 31, 2013. The aggregated totals of these individuals and associated factors were evaluated. Results: 1. Support Required 1, Support Required 2, and Long-term Care Required (level 1) certified individuals accounted for approximately 80% of newly certified individuals aged 65-74 years. Newly certified individuals aged 75 years and over had similar results with 37.2% of them being certified Support Required 1, 19.4% certified Support Required 2, and 22.9% certified Long-term Care Required (level 1). 2. The primary factors for care-needs certification in individuals aged 65-74 years were arthritic disorder in 27.6%, falls and bone fractures in 11.3%, and malignant neoplasm and cerebrovascular disease, among others. This was similar for individuals aged 75 years or over. 3. Of the 7,820 specific health checkup examinees/basic checklist respondents, 1,280 were newly certified as requiring long-term care (16.4%) compared to 7,878 (26.9%) of the 29,234 non-examinees/non-respondents. Therefore, the latter cohort had a significantly higher rate of individuals who were newly certified as requiring long-term care. Conclusion: Both specific health checkups and basic checklists are effective health policies to protect frailty in community elderlies.

Home Birth: Know the Pros and Cons

MedlinePlus

... these complications, including having: Assistance from a certified nurse-midwife Access to a practicing obstetric doctor A ... health care providers to assist. Choose a certified nurse-midwife, a certified midwife, a midwife whose education ...

20 CFR 403.155 - Does SSA certify records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... the disclosure and will not certify copies of records that have left our custody. A request for certified copies of records previously released is considered a new request for records. Fees for this...

20 CFR 403.155 - Does SSA certify records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... the disclosure and will not certify copies of records that have left our custody. A request for certified copies of records previously released is considered a new request for records. Fees for this...

How have changes in air bag designs affected frontal crash mortality?

PubMed

Braver, Elisa R; Shardell, Michelle; Teoh, Eric R

2010-07-01

To determine whether front air bag changes have affected occupant protection, frontal crash mortality rates were compared among front outboard occupants in vehicles having certified-advanced air bags (latest generation of air bags) or sled-certified air bags with and without advanced features. Poisson marginal structural models were used to calculate standardized mortality rate ratios (MRRs) for front occupants per registered vehicle. Vehicle age-corrected mortality rates were lower for drivers of vehicles having sled-certified air bags with advanced features than for drivers having sled-certified air bags without advanced features (MRR = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.95), including unbelted men and drivers younger than 60. The mortality rate was higher, though not statistically significant, for drivers having certified-advanced air bags compared with sled-certified air bags with advanced features (vehicle age-corrected MRR = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.97-1.32) and significantly higher for belted drivers (MRR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.39). Advanced air bag features appeared protective for some occupants. However, increased mortality rates among belted drivers of vehicles having certified-advanced air bags relative to those having sled-certified air bags with advanced features suggest that further study is needed to identify any potential problems with requirements for certification. 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

12 CFR 1253.6 - Certifying and nullifying an approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... this paragraph, an Enterprise's authority to offer a new product or engage in a new activity by reason... PRODUCTS § 1253.6 Certifying and nullifying an approval. (a) An Enterprise shall certify, through an...

Buy Certified-Verified Green Power

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Green power products eligible to be certified by an independent third party against national standards. As a matter of best practice and consumer protection, EPA strongly encourages organizations to purchase these types of certified green power products.

[Anesthesiologists in France].

PubMed

Mizuno, Ju; Hanaoka, Kazuo; Merckx, Paul; Bonneville, Claire Tae; Kavafyan, Juliette; Mantz, Jean

2007-03-01

We review some anesthesiologist's curriculum and demographic characteristics in France to the community of Japanese anesthesiologists. To become a certified anesthesiologist and an intensive care physician currently requires six years' medical education, passing national medical examination, and five years' special training as an intern of anesthesiology and intensive care. This educational course was started in 1984. There are 7942 certified anesthesiologists in France in 1999. The average age is 45.9 years and the ratio of female is 35.3%. Approximately two thirds of certified anesthesiologists are working in public institutions. 89% is full-time workers. More than half of certified anesthesiologists actually participate in daily intensive care practice. The number of certified anesthesiologists has been increasing gradually totaling 10,062 persons in 2005. The number of certified anesthesiologists per ten thousands general population is 1.7 persons and the corresponding ratio to all medical doctors is 4.8%. Working hours and holidays are regulated by the French Labour Law. The anaesthesiologist often works in a team with a nurse anaesthetist. The number of certified anesthesiologists in France is larger than that in Japan. Management of anesthesia in France seems to have an advantage in manpower.

31 CFR 8.54 - Conferences.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... may confer with an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practioner concerning...) Resignation or voluntary suspension. An attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner, in... enrolled practitioner and may suspend an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner in...

40 CFR 141.28 - Certified laboratories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 141.28 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS Monitoring and Analytical Requirements § 141.28 Certified... certified by the State except that measurements of alkalinity, calcium, conductivity, disinfectant residual...

40 CFR 141.28 - Certified laboratories.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 141.28 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS Monitoring and Analytical Requirements § 141.28 Certified... certified by the State except that measurements of alkalinity, calcium, conductivity, disinfectant residual...

31 CFR 8.41 - Solicitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... solicitation restrictions. (1) No attorney, certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall, with..., certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall make, directly or indirectly, an uninvited.... (1) Attorneys, certified public accountants and enrolled practitioners may publish, broadcast, or use...

31 CFR 8.54 - Conferences.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... may confer with an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practioner concerning...) Resignation or voluntary suspension. An attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner, in... enrolled practitioner and may suspend an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner in...

31 CFR 8.54 - Conferences.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... may confer with an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practioner concerning...) Resignation or voluntary suspension. An attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner, in... enrolled practitioner and may suspend an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner in...

31 CFR 8.54 - Conferences.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... may confer with an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practioner concerning...) Resignation or voluntary suspension. An attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner, in... enrolled practitioner and may suspend an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner in...

31 CFR 8.54 - Conferences.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... may confer with an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practioner concerning...) Resignation or voluntary suspension. An attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner, in... enrolled practitioner and may suspend an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner in...

31 CFR 8.41 - Solicitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... solicitation restrictions. (1) No attorney, certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall, with..., certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall make, directly or indirectly, an uninvited.... (1) Attorneys, certified public accountants and enrolled practitioners may publish, broadcast, or use...

31 CFR 8.41 - Solicitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... solicitation restrictions. (1) No attorney, certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall, with..., certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall make, directly or indirectly, an uninvited.... (1) Attorneys, certified public accountants and enrolled practitioners may publish, broadcast, or use...

31 CFR 8.41 - Solicitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... solicitation restrictions. (1) No attorney, certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall, with..., certified public accountant or enrolled practitioner shall make, directly or indirectly, an uninvited.... (1) Attorneys, certified public accountants and enrolled practitioners may publish, broadcast, or use...

Farmers’ decision analysis to select certified palm oil seedlings in Lampung, Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Utoyo, Bambang; Yolandika, Clara

2018-03-01

This research aimed to analyse (1) decission making process of certified and uncertified palm oil seedlings and (2) factors that influence farmer decision to select certified and uncertified palm oil seedlings. This research was conducted in some districts in Lampung, such as Mesuji, Central Lampung, Tulang Bawang, North Lampung, Way Kanan and South Lampung. The respondents consisted of 30 farmers using certified seeds and 30 farmers using uncertified seeds. The study was conducted from January to May 2017. In addition, factors that influence farmer decision was analysed by logistic regression model. The results showed that decision making on the use of certified or uncertified palm seeds by farmers through the stages: introduction of problems or needs, searching of information, alternative evaluation, purchasing decisions, and post-purchase behaviour. Factors that significantly influence farmer's decision to use certified seeds were land area, seeds price, external influenced, and farmers’ perception.

Assessment of long-term impact of formal certified cardiopulmonary resuscitation training program among nurses.

PubMed

Saramma, P P; Raj, L Suja; Dash, P K; Sarma, P S

2016-04-01

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care guidelines are periodically renewed and published by the American Heart Association. Formal training programs are conducted based on these guidelines. Despite widespread training CPR is often poorly performed. Hospital educators spend a significant amount of time and money in training health professionals and maintaining basic life support (BLS) and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) skills among them. However, very little data are available in the literature highlighting the long-term impact of these training. To evaluate the impact of formal certified CPR training program on the knowledge and skill of CPR among nurses, to identify self-reported outcomes of attempted CPR and training needs of nurses. Tertiary care hospital, Prospective, repeated-measures design. A series of certified BLS and ACLS training programs were conducted during 2010 and 2011. Written and practical performance tests were done. Final testing was undertaken 3-4 years after training. The sample included all available, willing CPR certified nurses and experience matched CPR noncertified nurses. SPSS for Windows version 21.0. The majority of the 206 nurses (93 CPR certified and 113 noncertified) were females. There was a statistically significant increase in mean knowledge level and overall performance before and after the formal certified CPR training program (P = 0.000). However, the mean knowledge scores were equivalent among the CPR certified and noncertified nurses, although the certified nurses scored a higher mean score (P = 0.140). Formal certified CPR training program increases CPR knowledge and skill. However, significant long-term effects could not be found. There is a need for regular and periodic recertification.

26 CFR 601.502 - Recognized representative.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., territory, commonwealth, or the District of Columbia; (2) Certified public accountant. Any individual who is duly qualified to practice as a certified public accountant in any state, possession, territory... 10), concerning the practice of attorneys, certified public accountants, enrolled agents, enrolled...

7 CFR 205.661 - Investigation of certified operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) ORGANIC FOODS PRODUCTION ACT PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Administrative Compliance § 205.661 Investigation of... regulations of this part concerning production and handling operations certified as organic by the certifying...

Self-Certified Sickness Absence among Young Municipal Employees-Changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class Differences.

PubMed

Sumanen, Hilla; Pietiläinen, Olli; Mänty, Minna

2017-09-26

We examined changes in self-certified, one-to-three day sickness absence (SA) among young employees from 2002 to 2016 and the magnitude of occupational class differences during that period. All 18-34-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland were included (2002-2016, n = ~11,725 per year). Employer's personnel and SA registers were used. Occupational class was categorized to four groups. Changes in self-certified SA from 2002 to 2016 were analyzed with Joinpoint regression and the magnitudes of occupational class differences were estimated with the relative index of inequality (RII). Most of the trends first increased and turned to decrease in 2007/2010. Managers and professionals had the least amount of SA, but steadily increasing trends were observed among men. Self-certified SA followed only partially the typical socioeconomic gradient, as routine non-manuals had the highest levels of SA. The magnitude of occupational class differences in self-certified SA was stable during the study period only among women. Self-certified SA and occupational class differences have increased in recent years among men in the lower occupational classes. Socioeconomic differences exist in self-certified SA among young employees, but gradient is only partial. Overall, high amounts of self-certified SA especially in the lower occupational classes require further studies and preventive measures.

Causes of fatal accidents for instrument-certified and non-certified private pilots.

PubMed

Shao, Bob Siyuan; Guindani, Michele; Boyd, Douglas D

2014-11-01

Instrument certification (IFR) enhances a pilot's skills in precisely controlling the aircraft and requires a higher level of standards in maintaining heading and altitude compared with the less stringent private pilot certificate. However, there have been no prior studies to compare fatal accident causes for airmen with, and without, this rating, The NTSB accident database was queried for general aviation fatal accidents for private pilots with, and without IFR certification. Exact Poisson tests were used to calculate whether two rate parameters were equal (ratio of 1), normalized to the number of IFR-rated pilots and flight hours in the given time period. Proportion tests were used to determine whether there were significant differences in fatal accident causes between IFR-certified and non-certified pilots. A logistic regression for log-odds success was used in determining the trend and effect of age on fatal accident rates. IFR certification was associated with a reduced risk of accidents due to failure to maintain obstacle/terrain clearance and spatial disorientation for day and night operations respectively. In contrast, the likelihood of fatal accident due to equipment malfunction during day operations was higher for IFR-certified pilots. The fatal accident rate decreased over the last decade for IFR-certified but not for non-IFR-certified private pilots. However, the overall accident rate for IFR-certified private pilots was more than double that of the cohort lacking this certification. Finally, we found a trend for an increased fatality rate with advancing age for both group of pilots. Our findings informs on where training and/or technology should be focused. Both training for aerodynamic stalls, which causes over a quarter of all fatal accidents, should be intensified for both IFR-certified and non-certified private pilots. Similarly, adherence to minimum safe altitudes for both groups of pilots should be encouraged toward reducing the fatal accidents rate due to failure to maintain obstacle/terrain clearance. For night operations, the high percentage of accidents due to spatial disorientation for non-IFR certified airmen suggests that additional training be required for such operations or such flights carry restrictions for this subset of pilots. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

42 CFR 438.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., and certified nurse midwife), licensed certified social worker, registered respiratory therapist, and certified respiratory therapy technician. Health insuring organization (HIO) means a county operated entity... furnishes them. Primary care case management means a system under which a PCCM contracts with the State to...

42 CFR 438.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., and certified nurse midwife), licensed certified social worker, registered respiratory therapist, and certified respiratory therapy technician. Health insuring organization (HIO) means a county operated entity... furnishes them. Primary care case management means a system under which a PCCM contracts with the State to...

42 CFR 438.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., and certified nurse midwife), licensed certified social worker, registered respiratory therapist, and certified respiratory therapy technician. Health insuring organization (HIO) means a county operated entity... furnishes them. Primary care case management means a system under which a PCCM contracts with the State to...

42 CFR 438.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., and certified nurse midwife), licensed certified social worker, registered respiratory therapist, and certified respiratory therapy technician. Health insuring organization (HIO) means a county operated entity... furnishes them. Primary care case management means a system under which a PCCM contracts with the State to...

31 CFR 8.52 - Disreputable conduct.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for which an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may be disbarred or... or certified public accountant by any duly constituted authority of any State, possession... practice as an attorney, certified public accountant, or other person admitted to practice before the...

40 CFR 80.125 - Attest engagements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... of Certified Public Accountants, Inc., 1991, and published by the Commerce Clearing House, Inc... Attestation Engagements may be obtained from the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Inc... importer subject to the requirements of this subpart F shall engage an independent certified public...

Choosing the right health care provider for pregnancy and childbirth

MedlinePlus

... take care of your newborn after delivery. Certified Nurse-Midwives (CNM) Certified nurse-midwives (CNM) are trained in nursing and midwifery. ... midwifery Are certified by the American College of Nurse-Midwives Nurse midwives care for women during pregnancy, ...

9 CFR 351.17 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT Transportation and Exportation of Certified Technical Animal Fat § 351.17 Identification required. Certified technical animal fats... certified plants shall be accompanied by MP Form 85 (Declaration to Accompany Technical Animal Fats Between...

9 CFR 351.17 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT Transportation and Exportation of Certified Technical Animal Fat § 351.17 Identification required. Certified technical animal fats... certified plants shall be accompanied by MP Form 85 (Declaration to Accompany Technical Animal Fats Between...

9 CFR 351.17 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT Transportation and Exportation of Certified Technical Animal Fat § 351.17 Identification required. Certified technical animal fats... certified plants shall be accompanied by MP Form 85 (Declaration to Accompany Technical Animal Fats Between...

9 CFR 351.17 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT Transportation and Exportation of Certified Technical Animal Fat § 351.17 Identification required. Certified technical animal fats... certified plants shall be accompanied by MP Form 85 (Declaration to Accompany Technical Animal Fats Between...

9 CFR 351.17 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT Transportation and Exportation of Certified Technical Animal Fat § 351.17 Identification required. Certified technical animal fats... certified plants shall be accompanied by MP Form 85 (Declaration to Accompany Technical Animal Fats Between...

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) development programme in India

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janardhana, E.

The design of the Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), for the launching (by 1990) of 1-1.5-tonne payloads into 900-km sun-synchronous orbit, is discussed, and the mission development program is described. The first stage is a solid propellant motor augmented by six solid strap-ons, and the second stage of liquid storable propellant has a high thrust gimballed engine. A high performance solid motor incorporates a flex nozzle for control as the third stage, and the fourth stage is a liquid propulsion system using N204 and MMH propellant with two regeneratively cooled engines. The vehicle equipment bay, housing the inertial guidance and control system, and the TTC system are located around the fourth stage for guidance and tracking with the associated ground segment until spacecraft ejection into orbit.

An Examination of Forest Certification Status among Logging Companies in Cameroon

PubMed Central

Nukpezah, Daniel; Alemagi, Dieudonne; Duguma, Lalisa; Minang, Peter; Mbosso, Charlie; Tchoundjeu, Zac

2014-01-01

This paper assesses the level of interest, awareness, and adoption of ISO 14001 and Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification schemes among logging companies in Cameroon. Eleven logging companies located in Douala in the Littoral Region of Cameroon were assessed through a structured interview using an administered questionnaire which was mostly analyzed qualitatively thereafter. The findings indicated that none of the companies was certified for ISO 14001; however 63.64% of them were already FSC-certified. Four companies (36.36%) were neither FSC- nor ISO 14001 EMS-certified. Among the factors found to influence the adoption rate was the level of awareness about ISO 14001 and FSC certification schemes. The main drivers for pursuing FSC certification were easy penetration into international markets, tax holiday benefits, and enhancement of corporate image of the logging companies through corporate social responsibility fulfillments. Poor domestic market for certified products was found to be the major impediment to get certified. To make logging activities more environmentally friendly and socially acceptable, logging companies should be encouraged to get certified through the ISO 14001 EMS scheme which is almost nonexistent so far. This requires awareness creation about the scheme, encouraging domestic markets for certified products and creating policy incentives. PMID:27355041

An Examination of Forest Certification Status among Logging Companies in Cameroon.

PubMed

Nukpezah, Daniel; Alemagi, Dieudonne; Duguma, Lalisa; Minang, Peter; Mbosso, Charlie; Tchoundjeu, Zac

2014-01-01

This paper assesses the level of interest, awareness, and adoption of ISO 14001 and Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification schemes among logging companies in Cameroon. Eleven logging companies located in Douala in the Littoral Region of Cameroon were assessed through a structured interview using an administered questionnaire which was mostly analyzed qualitatively thereafter. The findings indicated that none of the companies was certified for ISO 14001; however 63.64% of them were already FSC-certified. Four companies (36.36%) were neither FSC- nor ISO 14001 EMS-certified. Among the factors found to influence the adoption rate was the level of awareness about ISO 14001 and FSC certification schemes. The main drivers for pursuing FSC certification were easy penetration into international markets, tax holiday benefits, and enhancement of corporate image of the logging companies through corporate social responsibility fulfillments. Poor domestic market for certified products was found to be the major impediment to get certified. To make logging activities more environmentally friendly and socially acceptable, logging companies should be encouraged to get certified through the ISO 14001 EMS scheme which is almost nonexistent so far. This requires awareness creation about the scheme, encouraging domestic markets for certified products and creating policy incentives.

7 CFR 37.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... accordance with the regulations that may result in assessment of an organic certification program that... certifying agency's quality system and associated quality certification procedures used to certify organic... ASSESS ORGANIC CERTIFYING AGENCIES § 37.1 Definitions. Words used in this part in the singular form shall...

About the EPA Plan to Certify Applicators in Indian Country

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Restricted use pesticides (RUPs) require special care to avoid harming human health or the environment. They can only be sold to or used by certified applicators. The EPA Plan applies to certified applicators who intend to apply RUPs in Indian Country.

18 CFR 41.10 - Examination of accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... thereafter until December 31, 1975, the services of an independent certified public accountant, or independent licensed public accountant, certified or licensed by a regulatory authority of a State or other...) Beginning January 1, 1976, and each year thereafter, only independent certified public accountants, or...

Meeting the Needs of Alternatively Certified Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chesley, Lynne Scott; Wood, Fred H.; Zepeda, Sally J.

1997-01-01

The unique needs of alternatively certified teachers merit a customized induction program. This paper presents data from a recent study of beginning alternatively certified teachers in Oklahoma, examining characteristics of the teachers studied, frustrations among new teachers, insufficient resources and materials, training needs, relationships…

76 FR 15049 - Proposed Information Collection (Designation of Certifying Official(s)); Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-18

... (Designation of Certifying Official(s)); Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans Benefits Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA), Department... individuals authorized to certify reports on behalf of an educational institution or job training...

49 CFR 229.135 - Event recorders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... an event recorder with a certified crashworthy event recorder memory module that meets the... certified crashworthy event recorder memory module that meets the requirements of Appendix D of this part. The certified event recorder memory module shall be mounted for its maximum protection. (Although...

47 CFR 15.202 - Certified operating frequency range.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Certified operating frequency range. 15.202 Section 15.202 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Intentional Radiators § 15.202 Certified operating frequency range. Client devices that operate in a master...

31 CFR 315.57 - When a certifying officer may not certify.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF THE PUBLIC DEBT REGULATIONS GOVERNING U.S. SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, AND K, AND U.S. SAVINGS NOTES Certifying Officers § 315...

25 CFR 571.12 - Audit standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... lands for each fiscal year. (b) A tribe shall engage an independent certified public accountant to... tribe's Indian lands for each fiscal year. The independent certified public accountant must be licensed by a state board of accountancy. Financial statements prepared by the certified public accountant...

25 CFR 571.12 - Audit standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... lands for each fiscal year. (b) A tribe shall engage an independent certified public accountant to... tribe's Indian lands for each fiscal year. The independent certified public accountant must be licensed by a state board of accountancy. Financial statements prepared by the certified public accountant...

25 CFR 571.12 - Audit standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... lands for each fiscal year. (b) A tribe shall engage an independent certified public accountant to... tribe's Indian lands for each fiscal year. The independent certified public accountant must be licensed by a state board of accountancy. Financial statements prepared by the certified public accountant...

25 CFR 571.12 - Audit standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... lands for each fiscal year. (b) A tribe shall engage an independent certified public accountant to... tribe's Indian lands for each fiscal year. The independent certified public accountant must be licensed by a state board of accountancy. Financial statements prepared by the certified public accountant...

Phase Zero Operations for Contingency and Expeditionary Contracting-Keys to Fully Integrating Contracting into Operational Planning and Execution

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-02

Cost and Price Analysis & Negotiations (5-2)—DAU CON 217 & CON 218 Certified; MN3318 Contingency Contracting (3-0)—DAU CON 234 Certified; and...MN3315 Advanced Contract Management (4-0)—DAU CON 214 & CON 215 Certified. CDR (Ret) Yoder has recently been published or cited in the following works...certified as the primary guide for all DAU CON 234 course deliveries. Contracting Out Government Procurement Functions: An Analysis (NPS-CM-07-105), E

Assessment of long-term impact of formal certified cardiopulmonary resuscitation training program among nurses

PubMed Central

Saramma, P. P.; Raj, L. Suja; Dash, P. K.; Sarma, P. S.

2016-01-01

Context: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care guidelines are periodically renewed and published by the American Heart Association. Formal training programs are conducted based on these guidelines. Despite widespread training CPR is often poorly performed. Hospital educators spend a significant amount of time and money in training health professionals and maintaining basic life support (BLS) and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) skills among them. However, very little data are available in the literature highlighting the long-term impact of these training. Aims: To evaluate the impact of formal certified CPR training program on the knowledge and skill of CPR among nurses, to identify self-reported outcomes of attempted CPR and training needs of nurses. Setting and Design: Tertiary care hospital, Prospective, repeated-measures design. Subjects and Methods: A series of certified BLS and ACLS training programs were conducted during 2010 and 2011. Written and practical performance tests were done. Final testing was undertaken 3–4 years after training. The sample included all available, willing CPR certified nurses and experience matched CPR noncertified nurses. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS for Windows version 21.0. Results: The majority of the 206 nurses (93 CPR certified and 113 noncertified) were females. There was a statistically significant increase in mean knowledge level and overall performance before and after the formal certified CPR training program (P = 0.000). However, the mean knowledge scores were equivalent among the CPR certified and noncertified nurses, although the certified nurses scored a higher mean score (P = 0.140). Conclusions: Formal certified CPR training program increases CPR knowledge and skill. However, significant long-term effects could not be found. There is a need for regular and periodic recertification. PMID:27303137

Impact of medical director certification on nursing home quality of care.

PubMed

Rowland, Frederick N; Cowles, Mick; Dickstein, Craig; Katz, Paul R

2009-07-01

This study tests the research hypothesis that certified medical directors are able to use their training, education, and knowledge to positively influence quality of care in US nursing homes. F-tag numbers were identified within the State Operations Manual that reflect dimensions of quality thought to be impacted by the medical director. A weighting system was developed based on the "scope and severity" level at which the nursing homes were cited for these specific tag numbers. Then homes led by certified medical directors were compared with homes led by medical directors not known to be certified. DATA/PARTICIPANTS: Data were obtained from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' Online Survey Certification and Reporting database for nursing homes. Homes with a certified medical director (547) were identified from the database of the American Medical Directors Association. The national survey database was used to compute a "standardized quality score" (zero representing best possible score and 1.0 representing average score) for each home, and the homes with certified medical directors compared with the other homes in the database. Regression analysis was then used to attempt to identify the most important contributors to measured quality score differences between the homes. The standardized quality score of facilities with certified medical directors (n=547) was 0.8958 versus 1.0037 for facilities without certified medical directors (n=15,230) (lower number represents higher quality). When nursing facility characteristics were added to the regression equation, the presence of a certified medical director accounted for up to 15% improvement in quality. The presence of certified medical directors is an independent predictor of quality in US nursing homes.

31 CFR 8.21 - Eligibility for enrollment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... conduct which would justify the disbarment or suspension of any attorney, certified public accountant, or... persons who have become 18 years of age. (d) Attorneys, certified public accountants. Enrollment if not available to persons who are attorneys or certified public accountants who qualify to practice without...

77 FR 8753 - Furnishing Identifying Number of Tax Return Preparer

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-15

... return preparer must be an attorney, certified public accountant, enrolled agent, or registered tax... ``decided to allow certain individuals who are not attorneys, certified public accountants, enrolled agents... may obtain a PTIN: (1) Tax return preparers supervised by attorneys, certified public accountants...

31 CFR 8.31 - Furnishing of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... information. (a) To the Bureau. No attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may neglect... certified public accountant, who practices before the Bureau, or enrolled practitioner when requested by the... instituted under this part for the disbarment or suspension of an attorney, certified public accountant, or...

31 CFR 10.3 - Who may practice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... of this advice is practice before the Internal Revenue Service. (b) Certified public accountants. Any certified public accountant who is not currently under suspension or disbarment from practice before the... Revenue Service a written declaration that the certified public accountant is currently qualified as a...

40 CFR 80.1611 - Standards and requirements for certified ethanol denaturant.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... certified ethanol denaturant. 80.1611 Section 80.1611 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION....1611 Standards and requirements for certified ethanol denaturant. Producers and importers of ethanol denaturant that is suitable for the manufacture of denatured fuel ethanol (DFE) meeting federal quality...

76 FR 80741 - TRICARE: Certified Mental Health Counselors

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-27

...] TRICARE: Certified Mental Health Counselors AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, Department of Defense. ACTION... would allow licensed or certified mental health counselors to be able to independently provide care to... health counselors (MHCs) are authorized to practice only with physician referral and supervision. This...

76 FR 28403 - National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... [Docket No. FMCSA-2008-0363] RIN 2126-AA97 National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners ACTION: Notice... by training providers in implementing the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (National... included minimum training requirements for medical examiners. The draft guidance announced by this notice...

42 CFR 405.2415 - Services and supplies incident to nurse practitioner, physician assistant, certified nurse...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... practitioner, physician assistant, certified nurse midwife, clinical psychologist, or clinical social worker... nurse practitioner, physician assistant, certified nurse midwife, clinical psychologist, or clinical social worker services. (a) Services and supplies incident to a nurse practitioner, physician assistant...

49 CFR 240.129 - Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... certified engineers. 240.129 Section 240.129 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERS Component Elements of the Certification Process § 240.129 Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers. (a) Each railroad's program shall include criteria and...

49 CFR 240.129 - Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... certified engineers. 240.129 Section 240.129 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERS Component Elements of the Certification Process § 240.129 Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers. (a) Each railroad's program shall include criteria and...

49 CFR 240.129 - Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... certified engineers. 240.129 Section 240.129 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation... LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERS Component Elements of the Certification Process § 240.129 Criteria for monitoring operational performance of certified engineers. (a) Each railroad's program shall include criteria and...

33 CFR 159.17 - Changes to certified devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Changes to certified devices. 159.17 Section 159.17 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) POLLUTION MARINE SANITATION DEVICES Certification Procedures § 159.17 Changes to certified...

40 CFR 745.90 - Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN... certified renovator. (3) Individuals who have successfully completed an accredited lead-based paint... are currently certified as lead-based paint inspectors or risk assessors may act as certified dust...

40 CFR 745.90 - Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN... certified renovator. (3) Individuals who have successfully completed an accredited lead-based paint... are currently certified as lead-based paint inspectors or risk assessors may act as certified dust...

40 CFR 745.90 - Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN... certified renovator. (3) Individuals who have successfully completed an accredited lead-based paint... are currently certified as lead-based paint inspectors or risk assessors may act as certified dust...

49 CFR 107.503 - Registration statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Inspector” or “Design Certifying Engineer”. The following language may be used. I certify that all Registered Inspectors and Design Certifying Engineers used in performance of the prescribed functions meet... requirements applicable to the functions to be performed. (5) A description of the specific functions to be...

48 CFR 15.408 - Solicitation provisions and contract clauses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.408... contemplated. (b) Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data. The contracting officer shall... Certified Cost or Pricing Data, in solicitations and contracts when it is contemplated that certified cost...

31 CFR 8.31 - Furnishing of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... information. (a) To the Bureau. No attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may neglect... certified public accountant, who practices before the Bureau, or enrolled practitioner when requested by the... instituted under this part for the disbarment or suspension of an attorney, certified public accountant, or...

31 CFR 8.21 - Eligibility for enrollment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... conduct which would justify the disbarment or suspension of any attorney, certified public accountant, or... persons who have become 18 years of age. (d) Attorneys, certified public accountants. Enrollment if not available to persons who are attorneys or certified public accountants who qualify to practice without...

31 CFR 8.31 - Furnishing of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... information. (a) To the Bureau. No attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may neglect... certified public accountant, who practices before the Bureau, or enrolled practitioner when requested by the... instituted under this part for the disbarment or suspension of an attorney, certified public accountant, or...

31 CFR 8.31 - Furnishing of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... information. (a) To the Bureau. No attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may neglect... certified public accountant, who practices before the Bureau, or enrolled practitioner when requested by the... instituted under this part for the disbarment or suspension of an attorney, certified public accountant, or...

31 CFR 8.31 - Furnishing of information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... information. (a) To the Bureau. No attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled practitioner may neglect... certified public accountant, who practices before the Bureau, or enrolled practitioner when requested by the... instituted under this part for the disbarment or suspension of an attorney, certified public accountant, or...

SSL - THE SIMPLE SOCKETS LIBRARY

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campbell, C. E.

1994-01-01

The Simple Sockets Library (SSL) allows C programmers to develop systems of cooperating programs using Berkeley streaming Sockets running under the TCP/IP protocol over Ethernet. The SSL provides a simple way to move information between programs running on the same or different machines and does so with little overhead. The SSL can create three types of Sockets: namely a server, a client, and an accept Socket. The SSL's Sockets are designed to be used in a fashion reminiscent of the use of FILE pointers so that a C programmer who is familiar with reading and writing files will immediately feel comfortable with reading and writing with Sockets. The SSL consists of three parts: the library, PortMaster, and utilities. The user of the SSL accesses it by linking programs to the SSL library. The PortMaster initializes connections between clients and servers. The PortMaster also supports a "firewall" facility to keep out socket requests from unapproved machines. The "firewall" is a file which contains Internet addresses for all approved machines. There are three utilities provided with the SSL. SKTDBG can be used to debug programs that make use of the SSL. SPMTABLE lists the servers and port numbers on requested machine(s). SRMSRVR tells the PortMaster to forcibly remove a server name from its list. The package also includes two example programs: multiskt.c, which makes multiple accepts on one server, and sktpoll.c, which repeatedly attempts to connect a client to some server at one second intervals. SSL is a machine independent library written in the C-language for computers connected via Ethernet using the TCP/IP protocol. It has been successfully compiled and implemented on a variety of platforms, including Sun series computers running SunOS, DEC VAX series computers running VMS, SGI computers running IRIX, DECstations running ULTRIX, DEC alpha AXPs running OSF/1, IBM RS/6000 computers running AIX, IBM PC and compatibles running BSD/386 UNIX and HP Apollo 3000/4000/9000/400T computers running HP-UX. SSL requires 45K of RAM to run under SunOS and 80K of RAM to run under VMS. For use on IBM PC series computers and compatibles running DOS, SSL requires Microsoft C 6.0 and the Wollongong TCP/IP package. Source code for sample programs and debugging tools are provided. The documentation is available on the distribution medium in TeX and PostScript formats. The standard distribution medium for SSL is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge (QIC-24) in UNIX tar format. It is also available on a 3.5 inch diskette in UNIX tar format and a 5.25 inch 360K MS-DOS format diskette. The SSL was developed in 1992 and was updated in 1993.

SOHO hunts elusive solar prey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1995-10-01

SOHO will carry twelve sophisticated telescopes and other instruments, developed in record time by twelve international consortia involving scientific institutes in 15 countries. Roger M. Bonnet, the Director of ESA’s Scientific Programme said: "Each one of these instruments by itself would be enough to make major breakthroughs in our understanding of the Sun. But what makes SOHO such an exciting mission is that we will operate all the instruments together and find possible links between various phenomena at different levels in the volume of the Sun and in the interplanetary medium". Four years of intense efforts by space engineering teams in ESA and across Europe, under the leadership of the prime contractor Matra Marconi Space of Toulouse, France, have fulflled the dream of scientists who wished to build a superb space observatory for examining the Sun. SOHO, together with the four-spacecraft Cluster mission - which will explore near-Earth space, forms the Solar-Terrestrial Science Programme, the first cornerstone in ESA’s long-term programme 'Horizon 2000'. No night time for SOHO Instead of being placed in orbit around the Earth, SOHO will be lofted to a position where the gravitational pulls of the Earth and the Sun cancel each other out exactly, at 1.5 million kilometres sunward from the Earth. This is known in astronomy as the inner Lagrangian point after the French mathematician, Joseph Louis Lagrange, who first calculated its position near the end of the eighteenth century. SOHO will fly in an elliptical, or "halo" orbit around the Lagrangian point, with an orbit radius of about 600,000 kilometres, allowing the spacecraft to experience perpetual day. It will have a continuous, uninterrupted view of the Sun for twenty four hours of the day, all three hundred and sixty five days of the year, producing an extraordinary amount of data. All previous solar observatories have either been on the Earth or in orbit around our planet. On the Earth, telescopes are limited by inclement weather conditions and atmospheric distortion of the Sun’s signal, and of course they cannot observe the Sun at night. Although the weather problem has been removed in orbit around the Earth, observations are still periodically interrupted when an Earth-orbiting spacecraft enters our planet’s shadow. In contrast, SOHO will provide the first long, clean uninterrupted views of the Sun. Science Objectives SOHO will look beyond the visible soar disk, observing through new windows from the centre of the Sun to the Earth. It will examine three regions - the hidden interior of the Sun, the hot transparent solar atmosphere, and the eternal solar wind of charged particles and magnetic fields that continuously flow outward from the Sun. The twelve instruments on board SOHO are designed to study one or two of these regions in a different, yet complimentary way. Their combined data will link events in the Sun’s atmosphere and solar wind changes taking place deep within the Sun. The SOHO mission has three principle scientific objectives: 1. Study of the structure and dynamics of the solar interior 2. Study of the heating mechanisms of the Sun's million-degree atmosphere, or solar corona 3. Investigation of the solar wind, its origin and its acceleration processes. "Never before have solar physicists had the opportunity to work with such a comprehensive observatory giving them access literally to the whole Sun", said Martin C. E. Huber, the Head of ESA's Space Science Department. Taking the pulse of the Sun SOHO wil illuminate the unseen depths of the Sun by recording widespread throbbing motions of the Sun's visible "surface", or photosphere. These oscillations are caused by sounds that are trapped inside the Sun. On striking the surface and rebounding back down, the sound waves cause the gases there to move up and down. Sound waves that penetrate deep within the Sun produce global surface oscillations with longer periods of up to a few hours; smaller, shorter oscillations refer to shallower layers. By considering a sequence of oscillations with longer and longer periods, describing sound waves that penetrate deeper and deeper, SOHO will 'peel away' progressively distant layers of the Sun and establish physical properties inside the Sun's deep interior. Since the technique is similar in scientific principle to using earthquakes, or seismic waves, to decipher the Earth's internal structure, it has become known as helioseismology. SOHO's helioseismology data may shed light on solar neutrinos; they are insubstantial, subatomic particles created in prodigious quantities inside the Sun's energy-generating core. Neutrinos move at the velocity of light and travel almost unimpeded through the Sun, the Earth and nearly any amount of matter. The difficulty is that underground detectors always observe fewer neutrinos than theory says they should detect, a discrepancy known as the solar neutrino problem. Either the Sun does not shine the way we think it ought to, or our basic understanding of neutrinos is in error. SOHO's record of surface oscillations may establish the temperature at the centre of the Sun, and tell us if there is something wrong with our knowledge of the way stars shine. If the centre of the Sun is about a million degrees cooler than is presently thought, nuclear reactions would produce fewer neutrinos and resolve the solar neutrino problem. But if the internal temperature has the expected value, then the neutrinos may have an identity crisis, undergoing metamorphosis before reaching terrestrial detectors that therefore cannot see them. Future SOHO helioseismology observations will also improve our understanding of the solar dynamo responsible for the Sun's magnetic field. The dynamo is located somewhere in the solar interior where the hot, rotating material generates electrical currents and converts the energy of motion into magnetic energy. Magnetic fields, spawned by the dynamo inside the Sun, thread their way out into the solar atmosphere where they mould the electrified gas into an ever-changing shape. The entire atmosphere is continuously transformed by the Sun's varying magnetism, producing activity on a scale unknown on Earth. Looking inside the Sun There are three helioseismology experts on board SOHO that will acquire long uninterrupted observations of solar oscillations. Two of them emphasise global, long-period oscillations and sound waves that can penetrate the deep solar interior. They are known as GOLF, for Global Oscillations at Low Frequency, and VIRGO, an acronym for Variability of solar IRradiance and Gravity Oscillations. The third SOHO helioseismology instrument will obtain data for oscillations on smaller spatial scales with unprecedented precision; it is called the Solar Oscillations Investigation/Michelson Doppler Imager, or SOI/MDI for short. GOLF and MDI employ the familiar Doppler technique for measuring motions of the solar photosphere. When part of the visible surface heaves up towards us, the wavelength of a spectral line formed in that region is shortened; if the region moves away from us, back toward the solar interior, the wavelength is lengthened. (A spectral line absorbed or emitted by an atom or an ion at a specific wavelength that identifies the element; it looks like a line in a spectral display of radiation intensity as a function of wavelength). Sound waves can also be used to determine the internal rotation of the Sun. Waves propagating in the direction of rotation will appear, to a fixed observer, to move faster and their measure speeds will be shorter. Waves propagating against the rotation will be slowed down with longer periods. Accurate measurements of this oscillation period splitting will determine rotation within the solar interior. GOLF aims to measure velocities as low as 1 millimetre per second for global surface oscillations with periods from 3 minutes to 100 days. SOI/MDI will obtain precise oscillation data with high spatial resolution, investigating surface oscillations of relatively small spatial scales and short periods. Both instruments will determine the radial distribution of density, pressure and temperature, establish the depth and latitude variation of rotation, and determine interior conditions that lead to the development of solar magnetic activity. VIRGO will measure variations in the Sun's irradiance, or its total luminous output, with extremely accurate, precise and stable radiometers. As the Sun fades and brightens, VIRGO will obtain a sensitive record of global, long-period oscillations, refining our knowledge of the physical and dynamic properties of the deep solar interior. The precise, long-duration measurements from GOLF and VIRGO may also lead to the unambiguous detection of solar waves for the first time. They are largely confined to the Sun's energy-generating core, and the force of gravity determines how quickly they rise and fall, much like waves in the ocean. Gravity waves that manage to reach the visible solar surface are expected to have long periods of an hour or more and to reveal conditions at the very centre of the Sun. They will shed new light on the solar neutrino problem and determine if the Sun's rotation speed increase near its centre. The Solar Atmosphere The entire Sun is just a huge, gaseous sphere that is compressed at its centre and becomes tenuous further out. So, the sharp visible edge of the Sun is an illusion. It is enveloped by gases that are so rarefied that we can see right through them, just as we see through the Earth's transparent air. This tenuous outer part of the Sun is therefore called the solar atmosphere. The lowest, densest level of the Sun's atmosphere is the photosphere, which simply means the sphere from which visible light comes - from the Greek photos for light. Just above the photosphere lies a thin layer called the chromosphere, from chromos, the Greek work for colour. Still higher, above the chromosphere, is the corona, or crown; this outermost layer of the solar atmosphere extends to the planets and beyond. The solar corona is extremely hot, with a temperature of a few million degrees. Its very existence is one of the most fundamental, unresolved paradoxes of modern solar physics. The photosphere is closer to the Sun's centre than the corona, but it is several hundred times cooler. Heat should not flow outward from a cooler to a hotter region; it violates common sense and the second law of thermodynamics. Despite more than a half century of investigation, the exact mechanism for heating corona still remains a mystery, and it is one of the main scientific objectives of the SOHO mission. Sunlight passes right through the corona without depositing substantial quantities of energy in it. So, radiation cannot resolve the heating problem. Possible mechanisms involve the kinetic energy of moving material and/or magnetic energy. Unlike radiation, both of these forms of energy can flow from cold to hot regions. In and out motions within the solar interior within the solar interior generate sound waves that could accelerate into supersonic shocks; they apparently dissipate energy and generate heat in the lower chromosphere. However, observations suggest that sound waves cannot significantly heat the corona since they cannot reach that far. SOHO will test this conclusion, looking for the varying spectral signatures of sound waves in the chromosphere and corona. Magnetic energy should play a role in coronal heating. Magnetic fields shape the highly structured corona, and the brightest coronal structures are located where the magnetic field is the strongest. SOHO's spectral instruments will therefore also look for the oscillating intensity and velocity signatures of magnetic waves that are produced by changing magnetism. Magnetic energy can also be converted into heat by numerous small, localised explosive events that have already been observed with space-borne telescopes at ultraviolet wavelengths. SOHO will provide new insight to the frequency, locations and power of such explosions. SOHO tunes in the Sun's atmosphere The solar atmosphere will be studied by five SOHO instruments. Three of them will study the chromosphere and the transition region in the low corona. They are known as SUMER for Solar Ultraviolet Measurement of Emitted Radiation, CDS, an acronym for Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer, and EIT, which is short for Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope. Two SOHO instruments will examine the middle corona between 1.1 and 10 to 30 solar radii from Sun-centre. They are known as UVCS for UltraViolet Coronagraph Spectrometer and LASCO, an acronym for Large Angle and Spectrometric COronagraph. Four of these instruments detect invisible radiation at ultraviolet (UV) or extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths. UV light has wavelengths somewhat less that those of visible light, and waves of EUV are a little shorter than the UV ones. Since this radiation is partially or totally absorbed in our air, it must be observe using telescopes that have been lofted above the Earth's obscuring atmosphere in satellites such as SOHO. We can tune into different parts of the solar atmosphere by isolating UV or EUV radiation at just one wavelength and forming an image there. Certain UV and EUV lines act like thermometers, specifying the temperature when they are formed, while others are sensitive to the local density. Velocities of moving material can also be inferred from wavelength shifts or broadening of the lines. Temperature, density, and velocity measurements from all four experiments will be used to specify heating, flows and wave motions in different magnetic structures and at various levels in the solar atmosphere. When combined, they will uniquely describe an unseen world of violent change, extreme temperatures and powerful explosion, quite unlike the bland white-light face of the Sun. SUMER, CDS and EIT will observe lines over a temperature range of 10,000 to a few million degrees, and determine velocities down to 1 kilometre per second. SUMER and CSA will obtain images of the chromosphere and corona with high spatial and temporal resolution (down to 1 second of arc and as brief as 1 second) with a field view of about 4 minutes of arc; EIT will provide full disk images with coarser resolution. UVCS is an occulted telescope equipped to measure UV line intensities and profiles, determining physical parameters of the solar corona from 1.2 to 10 solar radii from Sun-centre with an angular resolution down to 12 seconds of arc. The remaining SOHO atmosphere instrument, LASCO, uses an occulting disk to mask the Sun's photosphere and view the dim visible sunlight scattered by free coronal electrons. (At a million degrees, several electrons are set free from each atom, leaving an ion behind.) Since the sky's light confuses such images, the finest detail is obtained from space where the daytime sky is truly and starkly black. The LASCO instrument contains three such coronagraphs with nested and overlapping annular fields of view from 1.1 to 30 solar radii from Sun-centre, looking closer to, and further from, the Sun than all previous space-borne coronagraphs. The coronagraph images will provide electron densities, or the number of electrons per unit volume, specifying their global distribution and radial variation. The inner coronagraph will also permit high-resolution imaging spectroscopy from 1.1 to 3 solar radii. It will measure the intensities and wavelength (Doppler) shifts of visible lines emitted by coronal ions, determining temperature, density and velocity information that will also be used to understand the currently-unknown mechanism for heating the Sun's corona. The Solar Wind The hot solar atmosphere, or corona, is expanding into interplanetary space, filling the solar system with a perpetual flow of electrified matter called the solar wind. Unlike any wind on Earth, the solar wind is a rarefied mixture of protons, electrons and magnetic fields, streaming radially outward from the Sun. Thus, the space between the planets is not completely empty, it is filled with charged pieces of the Sun. At increasing distances from the Sun, where the solar gravity weakens, the hot coronal material creates an outward pressure that overcomes the Sun's gravity, creating a wind that accelerates away to supersonic speeds, like water overflowing a dam. And as the corona disperses, it must be replaced by gases welling up from below to feed the eternal solar wind. Spacecraft have made in situ (Latin for in original place", or literally, "in the same place") measurements of the solar wind near the Earth, showing that it manifests itself in two ways, either as wind moving at a relatively slow speed of 300 to 400 kilometres per second, or as high-speed streams of 600 to 800 kilometres per second. What forces propel the solar wind to these supersonic velocities with such tremendous energy, and where do the components of the solar wind come from? The acceleration and origin of the solar wind are not completely known, and are included as principal scientific objectives of the SOHO mission. Given the high observed temperatures, the ordinary slow-speed wind is a consequence of its expected outward flow. As this component breaks away from the Sun, it will gain speed with distance, reaching supersonic speeds of hundreds of kilometres per second at a few solar radii from Sun-centre. So, the basic mystery for the acceleration of the slow-speed component is the unknown heat source of the corona. No one really knows how the high-speed stream is accelerated. And where does the solar wind come from? The high-speed component of the solar wind apparently squirts out of extended regions of low density and temperature in the solar corona. These regions, called coronal holes, appear as large dark areas in EUV or X-ray images, seemingly devoid of radiation. The magnetism in the coronal holes stretches radially outward, providing a fast lane for the high-speed wind. However, the source of the low-speed wind remains a mystery to be solved by future SOHO observations. SOHO: from the Sun to the Earth Coronal remote sensing and in-situ experiments on board SOHO will provide a comprehensive data set to study the solar wind from its source at the Sun to the Earth. We have already discussed two of them, UVCS and LASCO, that will determine temperature, density and velocity information in regions near the Sun where the solar wind is accelerated and has its origin (see previous section; SOHO Tunes in the Sun’s Atmosphere). Three SOHO instruments, CELIAS, COSTEP and ERNE, will analyse in situ that charged particles in the solar wind. The Charge, ELement and Isotope Analysis System, or CELIAS, will measure the mass, ionic charge and energy of the low-speed and high-speed solar wind, as well as energetic particles emitted during explosions on the Sun. COSTEP (COmprehensive SupraThermal and Energetic Particle analyser) and ERNE (Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron experiment) , together form a collaboration to study the energy release and particle acceleration processes in the solar atmosphere, as well as particle propagation in the interplanetary medium. COSTEP will measure energy spectra of electrons (up to 5 MeV), protons and helium nuclei (up to 52 MeV/nucleus). ERNE will measure energy spectra of heavier ions (up to 540 MeV/nucleus), abundance rations of isotopes and the anisotropy of the particle flux. The Study of Solar Wind ANisotropies, or SWAN, will make complete sky maps of the hydrogen density in the solar wind, determining the distribution of the solar wind mass flux from equator to pole as well as the variation of this distribution. Command and control of SOHO ESA has overall responsibility for the SOHO mission, but NASA will provide the launch, tracking and control. The spacecraft will be launched from Cape Canaveral Air Station in Florida by Atlas IIAS, the most powerful of the Atlas-Centaur rockets. The satellite will maintain contact with the ground through NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN). The DSN is a network of three radio antennas spread around the world. One is in Goldstone, USA, a second near Madrid, Spain, and a third is placed in Canberra, Australia. Together, these antennas provide continuous links to spacecraft wherever thy happen to be in relation to Earth. After the DSN has collected the SOHO data, it will be routed to NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland, USA, from where SOHO will be commanded. A special facility, known as the SOHO Experiment Operations Facility, has been set up at Goddard.. This will serve as the fulcrum for all SOHO operation. Scientists will meet there in order to use the spacecraft and to plan the scientific investigations it will be carrying out. The data from all observations will be stored there in an archive and researchers from all over the world will be able to access the information electronically, via computers. Energising Space Near Earth Fortunately for life on Earth, the terrestrial magnetic fields shield us from the full blast of the solar wind, deflecting it away from hr Earth and hollowing out a cavity in it. Yet, this magnetic cocoon, called the magnetosphere, is constantly being buffeted, distorted and reshaped by the variable solar wind, and some of it manages to penetrate the Earth's magnetic defence at its weak points. The Sun thereby feeds a vast and shifting web of energetic particles, electric currents and magnetic fields that encircle the Earth in space. The Sun's gusty solar wind can therefore affect our environment significantly. It can disturb the Earth's magnetic field, producing geomagnetic storms, create the northern and southern lights (the aurora), disrupt navigation and communication systems, destroy electronics, endanger astronauts and create electrical power blackouts on Earth. SOHO's investigations of the acceleration, evolution and origin of the solar wind therefore have a direct impact on human activity. Indeed, all of these effects are of such vital importance that national centres employ space weather forecasters and continuously monitor the Sun from the ground and space to warn of threatening solar activity. The Solar-Terrestrial Science Programme - comprising of SOHO and its sister-mission Cluster - are aimed at obtaining a fuller understanding of the vital link between the Sun and the Earth. SOHO will look back at the ultimate source of it all, the Sun, in order to identify and analyse the ultimate source of the phenomena that cause terrestrial effects. Cluster will investigate in detail and - being a flotilla of four magnetospheric spacecraft - in three dimensions, the physical mature of the processes that are induced in the near-Earth environment. "All those who have worked tirelessly on the SOHO payload, spacecraft and ground segment are to be congratulated in their excellent work and for having developed the most remarkable tool to help us understand the Sun and its environment, the heliosphere", said Roger Bonnet.

76 FR 59329 - User Fees Relating to the Registered Tax Return Preparer Competency Examination and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-26

... and requiring tax return preparers who are not attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled... only attorneys, certified public accountants, enrolled agents, and registered tax return preparers are...-6 permits specified individuals who are supervised by the attorney, certified public accountant...

77 FR 57055 - Regulations Governing Practice Before the Internal Revenue Service

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-17

... accountants. Any certified public accountant who is not currently under suspension or disbarment from practice... Internal Revenue Service a written declaration that the certified public accountant is currently qualified as a certified public accountant and is authorized to represent the party or parties. Notwithstanding...

31 CFR 8.2 - Persons who may practice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... particular party on whose behalf he or she acts. (b) Certified public accountants. Any certified public accountant who is not currently under suspension or disbarment before the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and... is currently qualified as a certified public accountant and is authorized to represent the particular...

75 FR 14539 - Furnishing Identifying Number of Tax Return Preparer

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-26

..., certified public accountants, enrolled agents, as well as tax return preparers who pass a minimum competency... obtain a PTIN, an individual must be an attorney, certified public accountant, enrolled agent, or..., certified public accountant, enrolled agent, or registered tax return preparer authorized to practice before...

7 CFR 762.106 - Preferred and certified lender programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Preferred and certified lender programs. 762.106 Section 762.106 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED FARM LOANS § 762.106 Preferred and certified lender...

7 CFR 762.106 - Preferred and certified lender programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Preferred and certified lender programs. 762.106 Section 762.106 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED FARM LOANS § 762.106 Preferred and certified lender...

16 CFR 309.13 - Certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Distributors of Non-Liquid Alternative Vehicle Fuels (other Than Electricity) and of Electric Vehicle Fuel... fuel (other than electricity), you must certify the fuel rating of the fuel in each transfer you make... (other than electricity), you must certify consistent with the fuel rating certified to you. If you blend...

19 CFR 159.34 - Certified quarterly rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TREASURY (CONTINUED) LIQUIDATION OF DUTIES Conversion of Foreign Currency § 159.34 Certified quarterly rate. (a) Countries for which quarterly rate is certified. For the currency of each of the following... York for such foreign currency for a day in that quarter: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada...

37 CFR 201.30 - Verification of Statements of Account.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... inspect the information contained in the primary auditor's report and the primary auditor's working papers... resolved, it may raise the issue with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Professional... certified public accountant or works under the supervision of a certified public accounting firm. (3) A...

36 CFR 61.6 - Certified local government programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Certified local government... INTERIOR PROCEDURES FOR STATE, TRIBAL, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT HISTORIC PRESERVATION PROGRAMS § 61.6 Certified local government programs. (a) Each approved State program must provide a mechanism for certification...

36 CFR 61.6 - Certified local government programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Certified local government... INTERIOR PROCEDURES FOR STATE, TRIBAL, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT HISTORIC PRESERVATION PROGRAMS § 61.6 Certified local government programs. (a) Each approved State program must provide a mechanism for certification...

Certified Nurses' Aide Job-Related Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Massachusetts Career Development Inst., Springfield.

This document, which is designed for students preparing to become a certified nurses' aide, contains instructional text and learning activities organized in nine sections. The following topics are covered: the role of the certified nurse's aide (job duties, personal health, professionalism, code of ethics); infection control (the infection…

9 CFR 351.14 - Processes to be supervised; extent of examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT... in the preparation of certified technical animal fats at any certified plant shall be subject to supervision by an inspector. Certified plants shall not prepare any technical animal fat for certification...

9 CFR 351.14 - Processes to be supervised; extent of examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT... in the preparation of certified technical animal fats at any certified plant shall be subject to supervision by an inspector. Certified plants shall not prepare any technical animal fat for certification...

9 CFR 351.14 - Processes to be supervised; extent of examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR EXPORT... in the preparation of certified technical animal fats at any certified plant shall be subject to supervision by an inspector. Certified plants shall not prepare any technical animal fat for certification...

Visual characteristics of LED display pushbuttons for avionic applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vanni, Paolo; Isoldi, Felice

1991-08-01

Programmable LED matrix display push buttons may greatly increase the performances of the computer-based avionic systems. The number of switches in a control panel can be reduced by a factor of 10 or more. This leads to a reduction in weight and size of the control instrumentations and in shorter response time of pilots. This work deals with the study and the optimization of visual performances of these displays in a configuration requiring a low- power consumption and Night Vision Goggles (NVG) compatibility. In considering displays for avionic applications, it is important to take into account sunlight readability. Visibility problems may arise in high ambient illumination. Up to now the only contributions usually considered for reduction of visibility are the diffused and specular reflected luminances that predominate with the sun behind the pilot. But there is another critical condition--the sun in front of the pilot. In this case the equivalent veiling glare predominates. Display performances and contrast enhancement filter characteristics must be optimized to find a compromise between these two extreme ambient conditions. Considering a keyboard with 10 push buttons, with two lines of four characters each and a power consumption less than 14 W with 40 of LEDs on, the authors have obtained good sunlight readability, choosing an optimized combination of NVG and contrast enhancement filter and LED matrix display.

2D matrix engineering for homogeneous quantum dot coupling in photovoltaic solids.

PubMed

Xu, Jixian; Voznyy, Oleksandr; Liu, Mengxia; Kirmani, Ahmad R; Walters, Grant; Munir, Rahim; Abdelsamie, Maged; Proppe, Andrew H; Sarkar, Amrita; García de Arquer, F Pelayo; Wei, Mingyang; Sun, Bin; Liu, Min; Ouellette, Olivier; Quintero-Bermudez, Rafael; Li, Jie; Fan, James; Quan, Lina; Todorovic, Petar; Tan, Hairen; Hoogland, Sjoerd; Kelley, Shana O; Stefik, Morgan; Amassian, Aram; Sargent, Edward H

2018-06-01

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising photovoltaic (PV) materials because of their widely tunable absorption spectrum controlled by nanocrystal size 1,2 . Their bandgap tunability allows not only the optimization of single-junction cells, but also the fabrication of multijunction cells that complement perovskites and silicon 3 . Advances in surface passivation 2,4-7 , combined with advances in device structures 8 , have contributed to certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) that rose to 11% in 2016 9 . Further gains in performance are available if the thickness of the devices can be increased to maximize the light harvesting at a high fill factor (FF). However, at present the active layer thickness is limited to ~300 nm by the concomitant photocarrier diffusion length. To date, CQD devices thicker than this typically exhibit decreases in short-circuit current (J SC ) and open-circuit voltage (V OC ), as seen in previous reports 3,9-11 . Here, we report a matrix engineering strategy for CQD solids that significantly enhances the photocarrier diffusion length. We find that a hybrid inorganic-amine coordinating complex enables us to generate a high-quality two-dimensionally (2D) confined inorganic matrix that programmes internanoparticle spacing at the atomic scale. This strategy enables the reduction of structural and energetic disorder in the solid and concurrent improvements in the CQD packing density and uniformity. Consequently, planar devices with a nearly doubled active layer thicknesses (~600 nm) and record values of J SC (32 mA cm -2 ) are fabricated. The V OC improved as the current was increased. We demonstrate CQD solar cells with a certified record efficiency of 12%.

Implementation of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation

PubMed Central

Maruta, Talkmore; Ndlovu, Nqobile; Moyo, Sikhulile; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar; Kasolo, Francis; Turgeon, David; Abrol, Angelii P.

2016-01-01

Background The increase in disease burden has continued to weigh upon health systems in Africa. The role of the laboratory has become increasingly critical in the improvement of health for diagnosis, management and treatment of diseases. In response, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) and its partners created the WHO AFRO Stepwise Laboratory (Quality) Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) program. SLIPTA implementation process WHO AFRO defined a governance structure with roles and responsibilities for six main stakeholders. Laboratories were evaluated by auditors trained and certified by the African Society for Laboratory Medicine. Laboratory performance was measured using the WHO AFRO SLIPTA scoring checklist and recognition certificates rated with 1–5 stars were issued. Preliminary results By March 2015, 27 of the 47 (57%) WHO AFRO member states had appointed a SLIPTA focal point and 14 Ministers of Health had endorsed SLIPTA as the desired programme for continuous quality improvement. Ninety-eight auditors from 17 African countries, competent in the Portuguese (3), French (12) and English (83) languages, were trained and certified. The mean score for the 159 laboratories audited between May 2013 and March 2015 was 69% (median 70%; SD 11.5; interquartile range 62–77). Of these audited laboratories, 70% achieved 55% compliance or higher (2 or more stars) and 1% scored at least 95% (5 stars). The lowest scoring sections of the WHO AFRO SLIPTA checklist were sections 6 (Internal Audit) and 10 (Corrective Action), which both had mean scores below 50%. Conclusion The WHO AFRO SLIPTA is a process that countries with limited resources can adopt for effective implementation of quality management systems. Political commitment, ownership and investment in continuous quality improvement are integral components of the process. PMID:28879103

Implementation of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation.

PubMed

Ndihokubwayo, Jean-Bosco; Maruta, Talkmore; Ndlovu, Nqobile; Moyo, Sikhulile; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar; Kasolo, Francis; Turgeon, David; Abrol, Angelii P

2016-01-01

The increase in disease burden has continued to weigh upon health systems in Africa. The role of the laboratory has become increasingly critical in the improvement of health for diagnosis, management and treatment of diseases. In response, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) and its partners created the WHO AFRO Stepwise Laboratory (Quality) Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) program. WHO AFRO defined a governance structure with roles and responsibilities for six main stakeholders. Laboratories were evaluated by auditors trained and certified by the African Society for Laboratory Medicine. Laboratory performance was measured using the WHO AFRO SLIPTA scoring checklist and recognition certificates rated with 1-5 stars were issued. By March 2015, 27 of the 47 (57%) WHO AFRO member states had appointed a SLIPTA focal point and 14 Ministers of Health had endorsed SLIPTA as the desired programme for continuous quality improvement. Ninety-eight auditors from 17 African countries, competent in the Portuguese (3), French (12) and English (83) languages, were trained and certified. The mean score for the 159 laboratories audited between May 2013 and March 2015 was 69% (median 70%; SD 11.5; interquartile range 62-77). Of these audited laboratories, 70% achieved 55% compliance or higher (2 or more stars) and 1% scored at least 95% (5 stars). The lowest scoring sections of the WHO AFRO SLIPTA checklist were sections 6 (Internal Audit) and 10 (Corrective Action), which both had mean scores below 50%. The WHO AFRO SLIPTA is a process that countries with limited resources can adopt for effective implementation of quality management systems. Political commitment, ownership and investment in continuous quality improvement are integral components of the process.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (DEC VAX ULTRIX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

78 FR 79010 - Criteria to Certify Coal Mine Rescue Teams

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

... to Certify Coal Mine Rescue Teams AGENCY: Mine Safety and Health Administration, Labor. ACTION... updated the coal mine rescue team certification criteria. The Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response... mine operator to certify the qualifications of a coal mine rescue team is that team members are...

76 FR 38062 - Airworthiness Directives; Gulfstream Aerospace LP Model Galaxy and Gulfstream 200 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-29

... with certified mechanical properties of this fastener can potentially lead to an unsafe condition. The... certified mechanical properties of this fastener can potentially lead to an unsafe condition. The unsafe...-conformity with certified mechanical properties of this fastener can potentially lead to an unsafe condition...

76 FR 61036 - Airworthiness Directives; Gulfstream Aerospace LP Model Galaxy and Gulfstream 200 Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-03

...-conformity with certified mechanical properties of this fastener can potentially lead to an unsafe condition... hardness. Non-conformity with certified mechanical properties of this fastener can potentially lead to an... resulted from hydrogen embrittlement combined with high hardness. Non-conformity with certified mechanical...

77 FR 5415 - National Organic Program: Notice of Draft Guidance for Accredited Certifying Agents, Certified...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-03

... in order to be excluded from the organic certification requirements of Part 205. The NOSB recommended... handling operations that are or are not excluded from organic certification. The draft guidance proposes... excluded from certification and, therefore, must be certified organic operations. \\1\\ NOSB Recommendation...

10 CFR 504.9 - Environmental requirements for certifying powerplants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

....9 Section 504.9 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS EXISTING POWERPLANTS § 504.9... use of natural gas or petroleum, or both, as a primary energy source in any certifying powerplant... fuel as a primary energy source in a certifying powerplant. (a) NEPA compliance. Except as provided in...

10 CFR 504.9 - Environmental requirements for certifying powerplants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

....9 Section 504.9 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS EXISTING POWERPLANTS § 504.9... use of natural gas or petroleum, or both, as a primary energy source in any certifying powerplant... fuel as a primary energy source in a certifying powerplant. (a) NEPA compliance. Except as provided in...

10 CFR 504.9 - Environmental requirements for certifying powerplants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

....9 Section 504.9 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS EXISTING POWERPLANTS § 504.9... use of natural gas or petroleum, or both, as a primary energy source in any certifying powerplant... fuel as a primary energy source in a certifying powerplant. (a) NEPA compliance. Except as provided in...

10 CFR 504.9 - Environmental requirements for certifying powerplants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

....9 Section 504.9 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS EXISTING POWERPLANTS § 504.9... use of natural gas or petroleum, or both, as a primary energy source in any certifying powerplant... fuel as a primary energy source in a certifying powerplant. (a) NEPA compliance. Except as provided in...

78 FR 65151 - Modification of Financial Reporting Requirements for Non-Profit Organizations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

... CDFI Fund financial statements that have been reviewed by an independent certified public accountant in accordance with standards issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, no later than 180... financial statements that have been audited by an independent certified public accountant in accordance with...

75 FR 60316 - User Fees Relating to Enrollment and Preparer Tax Identification Numbers

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-30

... a PTIN, a tax return preparer must be an attorney, certified public accountant, enrolled agent, or... that tax return preparers who are attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled agents already... who are not otherwise licensed as an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled agent...

75 FR 56471 - Revisions to the Requirements for Authority To Manufacture and Distribute Postage Evidencing Systems

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-16

... are subject to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (``AICPA'') professional..., developed by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), as amended or superseded. The... Standards (SAS) No. 70, Service Organizations, developed by the American Institute of Certified Public...

ENERGY STAR Certified Data Center Storage

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 1.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Data Center Storage that are effective as of December 2, 2013. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/certified-products/detail/data_center_storage

The Impact of Mentoring on Alternatively Certified Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kesler, Becky

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceived effectiveness of mentoring for teachers certified through non-traditional avenues. This quantitative study investigated the type and amount of support teachers certified through the Arkansas Non-traditional Licensure Program (NTLP) and the Master of Arts in Teaching Program (MATP) received…

19 CFR 159.36 - Multiple certified rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... multiple rates have been certified for a foreign currency, the rate to be used for Customs purposes shall... TREASURY (CONTINUED) LIQUIDATION OF DUTIES Conversion of Foreign Currency § 159.36 Multiple certified rates... rates of exchange (e.g., official and free) for a foreign currency: (a) Rates to be published. When the...

42 CFR 405.2414 - Nurse practitioner, physician assistant, and certified nurse midwife services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Nurse practitioner, physician assistant, and... practitioner, physician assistant, and certified nurse midwife services. (a) Professional services are payable..., physician assistant, or certified nurse midwife who is employed by, or receives compensation from, the RHC...

48 CFR 52.215-13 - Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data-Modifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Cost or Pricing Data-Modifications. 52.215-13 Section 52.215-13 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.215-13 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications. As prescribed in 15.408(e), insert the following clause: Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data...

Awareness and Ethical Orientation of Alternatively Certified Prospective Teachers to Intention for Whistle Blowing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toker Gokce, Asiye

2013-01-01

This study inquires whistle blowing intentions of alternatively certified prospective teachers, investigating their moral reasoning to blow the whistle. Specifically three hypotheses were tested: Overall ethical awareness of the alternatively certified prospective teachers is high; the participants will identify reasons related to philosophical…

24 CFR 901.100 - Data collection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., by submitting a certified questionnaire within 60 calendar days after the end of the fiscal year... functions assumed by the RMC. The PHA shall obtain a certified questionnaire from the RMC as to the management functions undertaken by the RMC. The PHA shall submit the RMC's certified questionnaire along with...

77 FR 52384 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-29

... 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of... certified that she has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness, requiring...

78 FR 20381 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... endocrinologist examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness, requiring the...

78 FR 16758 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-18

... endocrinologist examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... in 2013 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of... in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of...

76 FR 32012 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

... certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness, requiring the... and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness, requiring the...

76 FR 25769 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-05

... certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness, requiring the... and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... examined him in 2010 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of...

77 FR 3549 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-24

... and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... endocrinologist examined him in 2011 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... 2011 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness...

7 CFR 947.132 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Safeguards § 947.132 Reports. (a) Immature potatoes. The applicant shall identify the producer and the dates...) Certified seed. A special purpose shipment report shall be required for each load of certified seed when shipped outside the district (§ 947.18) where grown. The shipper of such certified seed potatoes shall...

7 CFR 947.132 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Safeguards § 947.132 Reports. (a) Immature potatoes. The applicant shall identify the producer and the dates...) Certified seed. A special purpose shipment report shall be required for each load of certified seed when shipped outside the district (§ 947.18) where grown. The shipper of such certified seed potatoes shall...

7 CFR 947.132 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Safeguards § 947.132 Reports. (a) Immature potatoes. The applicant shall identify the producer and the dates...) Certified seed. A special purpose shipment report shall be required for each load of certified seed when shipped outside the district (§ 947.18) where grown. The shipper of such certified seed potatoes shall...

41 CFR 101-42.1102-6 - Noncertified and certified electronic products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... certified electronic products. 101-42.1102-6 Section 101-42.1102-6 Public Contracts and Property Management... certified electronic products. (a) Utilization requirements.(1) Excess electronic items for which radiation... shall identify noncertified electronic products and shall contain a statement that the items may not be...

41 CFR 101-42.1102-6 - Noncertified and certified electronic products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... certified electronic products. 101-42.1102-6 Section 101-42.1102-6 Public Contracts and Property Management... certified electronic products. (a) Utilization requirements.(1) Excess electronic items for which radiation... shall identify noncertified electronic products and shall contain a statement that the items may not be...

41 CFR 101-42.1102-6 - Noncertified and certified electronic products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... certified electronic products. 101-42.1102-6 Section 101-42.1102-6 Public Contracts and Property Management... certified electronic products. (a) Utilization requirements.(1) Excess electronic items for which radiation... shall identify noncertified electronic products and shall contain a statement that the items may not be...

41 CFR 101-42.1102-6 - Noncertified and certified electronic products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... certified electronic products. 101-42.1102-6 Section 101-42.1102-6 Public Contracts and Property Management... certified electronic products. (a) Utilization requirements.(1) Excess electronic items for which radiation... shall identify noncertified electronic products and shall contain a statement that the items may not be...

46 CFR 232.6 - Financial report filing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... certified public accountants (CPAs) licensed to practice by a state or other political subdivision of the... accounting period. If certified (CPA) statements are not available when required, company certified statements are to be submitted within the due dates, and the CPA statements shall be submitted as soon as...

46 CFR 232.6 - Financial report filing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... certified public accountants (CPAs) licensed to practice by a state or other political subdivision of the... accounting period. If certified (CPA) statements are not available when required, company certified statements are to be submitted within the due dates, and the CPA statements shall be submitted as soon as...

46 CFR 232.6 - Financial report filing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... certified public accountants (CPAs) licensed to practice by a state or other political subdivision of the... accounting period. If certified (CPA) statements are not available when required, company certified statements are to be submitted within the due dates, and the CPA statements shall be submitted as soon as...

46 CFR 232.6 - Financial report filing requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... certified public accountants (CPAs) licensed to practice by a state or other political subdivision of the... accounting period. If certified (CPA) statements are not available when required, company certified statements are to be submitted within the due dates, and the CPA statements shall be submitted as soon as...

Teacher Efficacy of Alternative and Traditionally Certified Special Education Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Sean Michael

2012-01-01

A teacher shortage in the area of special education has led to an increase in the number of alternatively certified special education teachers. Many alternative certification programs focus on content knowledge rather than pedagogical training, allowing many alternatively certified teachers into the classroom with little pedagogical training.…

49 CFR 567.7 - Requirements for persons who alter certified vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 6 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Requirements for persons who alter certified vehicles. 567.7 Section 567.7 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CERTIFICATION § 567.7 Requirements for persons who alter certified vehicles...

Associations between state regulations, training length, perceived quality and job satisfaction among certified nursing assistants: cross-sectional secondary data analysis.

PubMed

Han, Kihye; Trinkoff, Alison M; Storr, Carla L; Lerner, Nancy; Johantgen, Meg; Gartrell, Kyungsook

2014-08-01

In the U.S., there are federal requirements on how much training and annual continuing education a certified nursing assistant must complete in order to be certified. The requirements are designed to enable them to provide competent and quality care to nursing home residents. Many states also require additional training and continuing education hours as improved nursing home quality indicators have been found to be related to increased training. This study investigated the associations among state level regulations, initial training quality and focus, and job satisfaction in certified nursing assistants. Cross-sectional secondary data analysis. This study used the National Nursing Home Survey and National Nursing Assistant Survey as well as data on state regulations of certified nursing assistant training. 2897 certified nursing assistants in 580 nursing homes who were currently working at a nursing home facility, who represented 680,846 certified nursing assistants in US. State regulations were related to initial training and job satisfaction among certified nursing assistants using chi square tests and binomial logistic regression models. Analyses were conducted using SAS-callable SUDAAN to correct for complex sampling design effects in the National Nursing Home Survey and National Nursing Assistant Survey. Models were adjusted for personal and facility characteristics. Certified nursing assistants reporting high quality training were more likely to work in states requiring additional initial training hours (p=0.02) and were more satisfied with their jobs (OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.09-2.09) than those with low quality training. In addition, those with more training focused on work life skills were 91% more satisfied (OR=1.91, 95% CI=1.41-2.58) whereas no relationship was found between training focused on basic care skills and job satisfaction (OR=1.36, 95% CI=0.99-1.84). Certified nursing assistants with additional initial training were more likely to report that their training was of high quality, and this was related to job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was also associated with receiving more training that focused on work life skills. Federal training regulations should reconsider additional hours for certified nursing assistant initial training, and include work life skills as a focus. As job satisfaction has been linked to nursing home turnover, attention to training may improve satisfaction, ultimately reducing staff turnover. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fundamentals of robotic surgery: a course of basic robotic surgery skills based upon a 14-society consensus template of outcomes measures and curriculum development.

PubMed

Smith, Roger; Patel, Vipul; Satava, Richard

2014-09-01

There is a need for a standardized curriculum for training and assessment of robotic surgeons to proficiency, followed by high-stakes testing (HST) for certification. To standardize the curriculum and certification of robotic surgeons, a series of consensus conferences attended by 14 leading international surgical societies have been used to compile the outcomes measures and curriculum that should form the basis for a Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery (FRS) programme. A set of 25 outcomes measures and a curriculum for teaching the skills needed to safely use current generation surgical robotic systems has been developed and accepted by a committee of experienced robotic surgeons across 14 specialties. A standardized process for certifying the skills of a robotic surgeon has begun to emerge. The work described here documents both the processes used for developing educational material and the educational content of a robotic curriculum. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hijama therapy (wet cupping) - its potential use to complement British healthcare in practice, understanding, evidence and regulation.

PubMed

Sajid, Mohammed Imran

2016-05-01

Wet cupping was used in the nineteenth century for treatment of patients in the United Kingdom (UK) by a few experienced practitioners. Revival Hijama use by practitioners in the UK in recent years has been observed as well as interest from the public, with developments of specific certified training programmes, established businesses providing tailored Hijama therapy Clinical Waste disposal services, provisions of insurance cover, involvement of medical professionals and membership with the General Regulatory Council for Complementary Therapies (GRCCT). However, there has also been noted that there is not much in the way of guidance or regulation. Therefore, we would like to initiate some communication and understanding of Hijama (wet cupping) to benefit medical professionals, discussing recent research undertaken as a basis for potentially more in the future (evidence-based practice), in the likely event that a patient might request to be referred for this therapy during a consultation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The global pediatric antiretroviral market: analyses of product availability and utilization reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations and HIV/AIDS treatment in children.

PubMed

Waning, Brenda; Diedrichsen, Ellen; Jambert, Elodie; Bärnighausen, Till; Li, Yun; Pouw, Mieke; Moon, Suerie

2010-10-17

Important advances in the development and production of quality-certified pediatric antiretroviral (ARV) formulations have recently been made despite significant market disincentives for manufacturers. This progress resulted from lobbying and innovative interventions from HIV/AIDS activists, civil society organizations, and international organizations. Research on uptake and dispersion of these improved products across countries and international organizations has not been conducted but is needed to inform next steps towards improving child health. We used information from the World Health Organization Prequalification Programme and the United States Food and Drug Administration to describe trends in quality-certification of pediatric formulations and used 7,989 donor-funded, pediatric ARV purchase transactions from 2002-2009 to measure uptake and dispersion of new pediatric ARV formulations across countries and programs. Prices for new pediatric ARV formulations were compared to alternative dosage forms. Fewer ARV options exist for HIV/AIDS treatment in children than adults. Before 2005, most pediatric ARVs were produced by innovator companies in single-component solid and liquid forms. Five 2-in1 and four 3-in-1 generic pediatric fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in solid and dispersible forms have been quality-certified since 2005. Most (67%) of these were produced by one quality-certified manufacturer. Uptake of new pediatric FDCs outside of UNITAID is low. UNITAID accounted for 97-100% of 2008-2009 market volume. In total, 33 and 34 countries reported solid or dispersible FDC purchases in 2008 and 2009, respectively, but most purchases were made through UNITAID. Only three Global Fund country recipients reported purchase of these FDCs in 2008. Prices for pediatric FDCs were considerably lower than liquids but typically higher than half of an adult FDC. Pediatric ARV markets are more fragile than adult markets. Ensuring a long-term supply of quality, well-adapted ARVs for children requires ongoing monitoring and improved understanding of global pediatric markets, including country-based research to explain and address low uptake of new, improved formulations. Continued innovation in pediatric ARV development may be threatened by outdated procurement practices failing to connect clinicians making prescribing decisions, supply chain staff dealing with logistics, donors, international organizations, and pharmaceutical manufacturers. Perceptions of global demand must be better informed by accurate estimates of actual country-level demand.

The global pediatric antiretroviral market: analyses of product availability and utilization reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations and HIV/AIDS treatment in children

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Important advances in the development and production of quality-certified pediatric antiretroviral (ARV) formulations have recently been made despite significant market disincentives for manufacturers. This progress resulted from lobbying and innovative interventions from HIV/AIDS activists, civil society organizations, and international organizations. Research on uptake and dispersion of these improved products across countries and international organizations has not been conducted but is needed to inform next steps towards improving child health. Methods We used information from the World Health Organization Prequalification Programme and the United States Food and Drug Administration to describe trends in quality-certification of pediatric formulations and used 7,989 donor-funded, pediatric ARV purchase transactions from 2002-2009 to measure uptake and dispersion of new pediatric ARV formulations across countries and programs. Prices for new pediatric ARV formulations were compared to alternative dosage forms. Results Fewer ARV options exist for HIV/AIDS treatment in children than adults. Before 2005, most pediatric ARVs were produced by innovator companies in single-component solid and liquid forms. Five 2-in1 and four 3-in-1 generic pediatric fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in solid and dispersible forms have been quality-certified since 2005. Most (67%) of these were produced by one quality-certified manufacturer. Uptake of new pediatric FDCs outside of UNITAID is low. UNITAID accounted for 97-100% of 2008-2009 market volume. In total, 33 and 34 countries reported solid or dispersible FDC purchases in 2008 and 2009, respectively, but most purchases were made through UNITAID. Only three Global Fund country recipients reported purchase of these FDCs in 2008. Prices for pediatric FDCs were considerably lower than liquids but typically higher than half of an adult FDC. Conclusion Pediatric ARV markets are more fragile than adult markets. Ensuring a long-term supply of quality, well-adapted ARVs for children requires ongoing monitoring and improved understanding of global pediatric markets, including country-based research to explain and address low uptake of new, improved formulations. Continued innovation in pediatric ARV development may be threatened by outdated procurement practices failing to connect clinicians making prescribing decisions, supply chain staff dealing with logistics, donors, international organizations, and pharmaceutical manufacturers. Perceptions of global demand must be better informed by accurate estimates of actual country-level demand. PMID:20950492

Sun sensitivity and sun protective behaviors during sun exposure among indoor office workers in the American Midwest.

PubMed

Jung, Alesia M; Dennis, Leslie K; Jacobs, Elizabeth T; Wondrak, Georg T

2018-06-11

Sun sensitivity, a confounder between sun exposure and sun protection, is often overlooked. We examined how sun exposure and sun protection behaviors among indoor workers varied by sun sensitivity. Sun exposure and sun protection diaries over a 45-day period from Midwestern United States indoor workers were examined. We categorized sun sensitivity (fair and non-fair complexion) using tanning inability and sunburn tendency. Total exposure (sunrise to sunset) and peak exposure (10 am and 4 pm) lasting at least 60 minutes were examined. Percentages of time using sun protection were reported. We determined associations between fair complexion, mean sun exposure and mean sun protection times with logistic regression. Fair individuals spent less time in the sun than non-fair individuals, but a greater proportion of time using sun protection behaviors, including sunscreen with SPF 30+ (odds ratio (OR)=1.36; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) =0.98, 1.87)), or wearing long-sleeved shirts (OR=2.89; 95% CI=1.24, 6.73). Fair individuals spent less time in the sun and practiced more sun protective behaviors than non-fair individuals. This complex association between sun sensitivity, sun protection and sun exposure has not consistently been addressed in studies of skin cancer. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Clinicians performing cosmetic surgery in the community: a nationwide analysis of physician certification.

PubMed

Barr, Jason S; Sinno, Sammy; Cimino, Marcus; Saadeh, Pierre B

2015-01-01

Practitioners who are not board-certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery are practicing cosmetic surgery. The extent of this issue across the United States has yet to be examined in detail. A systematic search using Google was performed to evaluate the qualifications of clinicians marketing themselves as plastic surgeons. For every U.S. state, the following searches were performed: [state] plastic surgery, [state] cosmetic surgery, and [state] aesthetic surgery. The first 50 Web sites returned for each search were visited and scrutinized using the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and American Board of Plastic Surgery Web sites. In total, 7500 Web sites were visited, yielding 2396 board-certified plastic surgeons (77.9 percent of all practitioners). There were 284 board-certified ear, nose, and throat surgeons, 61 (21.5 percent) of whom practice outside their scope; 106 board-certified general surgeons, 100 (94.3 percent) of whom practice outside their scope; 104 board-certified oral and maxillofacial surgery surgeons, 68 (65.4 percent) of whom practice outside their scope; 70 board-certified ophthalmologists/oculoplastic surgeons, 49 (70 percent) of whom practice outside their scope; and 74 board-certified dermatologists, 36 (48.6 percent) of whom practice outside their scope. There were also 16 internal medicine doctors, 13 obstetrics and gynecology physicians, six emergency medicine physicians, three pediatricians, two urologists, two anesthesiologists, and finally one phlebotomist; all of these practitioners practice outside their scope as defined by Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies. Many clinicians performing cosmetic surgery are not board-certified. This finding has important implications for patient safety.

New Zealand traffic and local air quality.

PubMed

Irving, Paul; Moncrieff, Ian

2004-12-01

Since 1996 the New Zealand Ministry of Transport (MOT) has been investigating the effects of road transport on local air quality. The outcome has been the government's Vehicle Fleet Emissions Control Strategy (VFECS). This is a programme of measures designed to assist with the improvement in local air quality, and especially in the appropriate management of transport sector emissions. Key to the VFECS has been the development of tools to assess and predict the contribution of vehicle emissions to local air pollution, in a given urban situation. Determining how vehicles behave as an emissions source, and more importantly, how the combined traffic flows contribute to the total emissions within a given airshed location was an important element of the programme. The actual emissions output of a vehicle is more than that determined by a certified emission standard, at the point of manufacture. It is the engine technology's general performance capability, in conjunction with the local driving conditions, that determines its actual emissions output. As vehicles are a mobile emissions source, to understand the effect of vehicle technology, it is necessary to work with the average fleet performance, or "fleet-weighted average emissions rate". This is the unit measure of performance of the general traffic flow that could be passing through a given road corridor or network, as an average, over time. The flow composition can be representative of the national fleet population, but also may feature particular vehicle types in a given locality, thereby have a different emissions 'signature'. A summary of the range of work that has been completed as part of the VFECS programme is provided. The NZ Vehicle Fleet Emissions Model and the derived data set available in the NZ Traffic Emission Rates provide a significant step forward in the consistent analysis of practical, sustainable vehicle emissions policy and air-quality management in New Zealand.

Continuous professional development of Liberia's midwifery workforce-A coordinated multi-stakeholder approach.

PubMed

Michel-Schuldt, Michaela; Billy Dayon, Matilda; Toft Klar, Robin; Subah, Marion; King-Lincoln, Esther; Kpangbala-Flomo, Cecelia; Broniatowski, Raphaël

2018-03-03

Maternal and newborn mortality remains high in Liberia. There is a severe rural-urban gap in accessibility to health care services. A competent midwifery workforce is able to meet the needs of mothers and newborns. Evidence shows that competence can be assured through initial education along with continuous professional development (CPD). In the past, CPD was not regulated and coordinated in Liberia which is cpommon in the African region. To Support a competent regulated midwifery workforce through continuous professional development. A new CPD model was developed by the Liberian Board for Nursing and Midwifery. With its establishment, all midwives and nurses are required to undertake CPD programmes consisting of certified training and mentoring in order to renew their practicing license. The new model is being piloted in one county in which regular mentoring visits that include skills training are being conducted combined with the use of mobile learning applications addressing maternity health issues. Quality control of the CPD pilot is assured by the Liberian Board for Nursing and Midwifery. The mentoring visits are conducted on a clinical level but are coordinated on the national and county level. CPD using mobile learning on smartphones and regular mentoring visits not only improved knowledge and skills of midwives and nurses but also provided a solution to enhance accessibility in rural areas through improved communication and transportation, as well as improved career development of health personnel working in remote areas. Mentors were trained on a national, county, and health facility level in the pilot county with mentoring visits conducted regularly. The CPD programme of the Liberian Board for Nursing and Midwifery, currently in pilot-testing by various partners, aims to highlight the positive impact of the coordinating role of both the regulatory body and health authorities. Using regular process and programme reviews to improve capacity, knowledge, and skills of health professionals. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

25 CFR 170.506 - What are the minimum qualifications for certified bridge inspectors?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What are the minimum qualifications for certified bridge... Program Facilities Bridge Inspection § 170.506 What are the minimum qualifications for certified bridge inspectors? The person responsible for the bridge inspection team must meet the qualifications for bridge...

A Preliminary Investigation of Why Few Special Educators Are Nationally Board Certified

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benson, Teddi L.; Agran, Martin; Yocom, Dorothy Jean

2010-01-01

In 2006, special education teachers made up 12% of the educational workforce but only 7% of National Board Certified teachers. In contrast, general education teachers made up 88% of the educational workforce and 93% of National Board Certified teachers. This study surveyed a sample of special education teachers who successfully completed…

48 CFR 15.403-4 - Requiring certified cost or pricing data (10 U.S.C. 2306a and 41 U.S.C. 254b).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... priced changes for which certified cost or pricing data would not otherwise be required are included for... Pricing Data, in the format specified in 15.406-2, certifying that to the best of its knowledge and belief...

48 CFR 15.403-2 - Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data are not required. 15.403-2 Section 15.403-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-2 Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required. (a...

48 CFR 15.403-2 - Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data are not required. 15.403-2 Section 15.403-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-2 Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required. (a...

48 CFR 15.403-2 - Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data are not required. 15.403-2 Section 15.403-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-2 Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required. (a...

48 CFR 15.403-2 - Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... certified cost or pricing data are not required. 15.403-2 Section 15.403-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.403-2 Other circumstances where certified cost or pricing data are not required. (a...

23 CFR 1335.12 - Contents of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... coordinating committee; (2) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a copy of the assessment and any updates of the assessment; and (3) Certify that the...) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a...

23 CFR 1335.12 - Contents of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... coordinating committee; (2) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a copy of the assessment and any updates of the assessment; and (3) Certify that the...) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a...

23 CFR 1335.12 - Contents of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... coordinating committee; (2) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a copy of the assessment and any updates of the assessment; and (3) Certify that the...) Certify that the State has conducted or updated an assessment within the last five years, and submit a...

40 CFR 1048.140 - What are the provisions for certifying Blue Sky Series engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Blue Sky Series engines? 1048.140 Section 1048.140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... ENGINES Emission Standards and Related Requirements § 1048.140 What are the provisions for certifying Blue... emission control for engines designated as “Blue Sky Series” engines. If you certify an engine family under...

40 CFR 1048.140 - What are the provisions for certifying Blue Sky Series engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Blue Sky Series engines? 1048.140 Section 1048.140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... ENGINES Emission Standards and Related Requirements § 1048.140 What are the provisions for certifying Blue... emission control for engines designated as “Blue Sky Series” engines. If you certify an engine family under...

40 CFR 1048.140 - What are the provisions for certifying Blue Sky Series engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Blue Sky Series engines? 1048.140 Section 1048.140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... ENGINES Emission Standards and Related Requirements § 1048.140 What are the provisions for certifying Blue... emission control for engines designated as “Blue Sky Series” engines. If you certify an engine family under...

40 CFR 1048.140 - What are the provisions for certifying Blue Sky Series engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Blue Sky Series engines? 1048.140 Section 1048.140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... ENGINES Emission Standards and Related Requirements § 1048.140 What are the provisions for certifying Blue... emission control for engines designated as “Blue Sky Series” engines. If you certify an engine family under...

40 CFR 1048.140 - What are the provisions for certifying Blue Sky Series engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Blue Sky Series engines? 1048.140 Section 1048.140 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... ENGINES Emission Standards and Related Requirements § 1048.140 What are the provisions for certifying Blue... emission control for engines designated as “Blue Sky Series” engines. If you certify an engine family under...

77 FR 58796 - Reliance Standards for Making Good Faith Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... successor provisions). A qualified tax practitioner means an attorney, a certified public accountant (``CPA..., a certified public accountant, or an enrolled agent, within the meaning of 31 CFR 10.2 and 10.3, who... an attorney, a certified public accountant, or an enrolled agent, within the meaning of 31 CFR 10.2...

77 FR 58767 - Definitions Relating to Electronic Orders and Prescriptions for Controlled Substances

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Auditing Standards (SAS) 70 criteria. Signing... professional service performed by a qualified certified public accountant to evaluate one or more aspects of... performed by a qualified certified public accountant to evaluate one or more aspects of Web sites. [75 FR...

17 CFR 240.17a-12 - Reports to be made by certain OTC derivatives dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... by a certified public accountant. Reports filed pursuant to this paragraph (b) shall be as of the... consolidated statement of financial condition reported on by the certified public accountant. The summary... following requirements: (1) An audit shall be conducted by a certified public accountant who shall be in...

40 CFR 85.1412 - Maintenance and submittal of records for equipment certifiers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... original equipment being replaced; (4) A description of the quality control plan used to monitor production... taken in implementing the quality control plan, and any subsequent analyses of that data; and (6) All in... the equipment certifier has offered to sell its certified equipment for less than the life cycle cost...

40 CFR 85.1412 - Maintenance and submittal of records for equipment certifiers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... original equipment being replaced; (4) A description of the quality control plan used to monitor production... taken in implementing the quality control plan, and any subsequent analyses of that data; and (6) All in... the equipment certifier has offered to sell its certified equipment for less than the life cycle cost...

42 CFR 410.69 - Services of a certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Services of a certified registered nurse... certified registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant: Basic rule and definitions. (a... registered nurse anesthetist or an anesthesiologist's assistant who is legally authorized to perform the...

30 CFR 884.17 - Other uses by certified States and Indian tribes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... tribes. 884.17 Section 884.17 Mineral Resources OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING RECLAMATION AND ENFORCEMENT... certified States and Indian tribes. (a) The State reclamation plan may provide for construction of specific... applications for uses other than coal reclamation by certified States and Indian tribes may be submitted in...

30 CFR 884.17 - Other uses by certified States and Indian tribes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... tribes. 884.17 Section 884.17 Mineral Resources OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING RECLAMATION AND ENFORCEMENT... certified States and Indian tribes. (a) The State reclamation plan may provide for construction of specific... applications for uses other than coal reclamation by certified States and Indian tribes may be submitted in...

Preliminary Analysis Report: Construct Validity Study of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bond, Lloyd; Smith, Tracy; Baker, Wanda K.

This study examined (1) whether students taught by National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS)-certified teachers would produce higher quality work than students of teachers who attempted NBPTS certification but were not certified; (2) whether the observed classroom behaviors of NBPTS-certified teachers would be demonstrably…

40 CFR 124.53 - State certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., or waived its right to certify; and (3) A statement that the State will be deemed to have waived its right to certify unless that right is exercised within a specified reasonable time not to exceed 60 days... each more stringent condition, the certifying State agency shall cite the CWA or State law references...

75 FR 76067 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Requests for Comments; Clearance of Renewed Approval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

... qualified persons, and at proper intervals. This work is done by certified mechanics, repair stations, and... qualified persons, and at proper intervals. This work is done by certified mechanics, repair stations, and... for flight. Respondents: An estimated 87,769 certified mechanics, repair stations, and air carriers...

40 CFR 1054.690 - What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you must post a bond to cover any potential... importing engines that have been certified by someone else. Note that you might also post bond under this... test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable...

40 CFR 1054.690 - What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you must post a bond to cover any potential... importing engines that have been certified by someone else. Note that you might also post bond under this... test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable...

40 CFR 1054.690 - What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you must post a bond to cover any potential... importing engines that have been certified by someone else. Note that you might also post bond under this... test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable...

40 CFR 1054.690 - What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you must post a bond to cover any potential... importing engines that have been certified by someone else. Note that you might also post bond under this... test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable...

40 CFR 1054.690 - What bond requirements apply for certified engines?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) Before introducing certified engines into U.S. commerce, you must post a bond to cover any potential... importing engines that have been certified by someone else. Note that you might also post bond under this... test conducted by EPA officials or having been found by EPA to be noncompliant under applicable...

17 CFR 274.128 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified... Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. This form shall be used by registered management investment... Form N-CSR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the...

17 CFR 249.331 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. 249.331 Section 249.331 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Required Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 § 249.331 Form N-CSR, certified...

17 CFR 274.128 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified... Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. This form shall be used by registered management investment... Form N-CSR, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the...

17 CFR 249.331 - Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form N-CSR, certified shareholder report. 249.331 Section 249.331 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE... Required Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 § 249.331 Form N-CSR, certified...

19 CFR 159.35 - Certified daily rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TREASURY (CONTINUED) LIQUIDATION OF DUTIES Conversion of Foreign Currency § 159.35 Certified daily rate. The daily buying rate of foreign currency which is determined by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and certified to the Secretary of the Treasury in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 5151(e) shall be used for...

48 CFR 52.215-12 - Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Cost or Pricing Data. 52.215-12 Section 52.215-12 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.215-12 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data. As prescribed in 15.408(d), insert the following clause: Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data (OCT 2010) (a) Before awarding...

7 CFR 97.143 - Certified seed only.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Certified seed only. 97.143 Section 97.143 Agriculture... PLANT VARIETY AND PROTECTION Marking Or Labeling Provisions § 97.143 Certified seed only. (a) Upon filing an application, or amendment thereto, specifying seed of the variety is to be sold by variety name...

7 CFR 97.143 - Certified seed only.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certified seed only. 97.143 Section 97.143 Agriculture... PLANT VARIETY AND PROTECTION Marking Or Labeling Provisions § 97.143 Certified seed only. (a) Upon filing an application, or amendment thereto, specifying seed of the variety is to be sold by variety name...

7 CFR 205.310 - Agricultural products produced on an exempt or excluded operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... excluded operation as a certified organic operation, or (2) Be represented as a certified organic product or certified organic ingredient to any buyer. (b) An agricultural product organically produced or handled on an exempt or excluded operation may be identified as an organic product or organic ingredient...

75 FR 62686 - Health Information Technology: Revisions to Initial Set of Standards, Implementation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-13

... program whereby the National Coordinator would authorize organizations to test and certify Complete EHRs... Certification Bodies (ONC-ATCBs)) to test and certify Complete EHRs and/or EHR Modules to the certification... Coordinator to test and certify Complete EHRs and/or EHR Modules, it will be subject, depending on the scope...

48 CFR 52.215-10 - Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Price Reduction for... Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.215-10 Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data. As prescribed in 15.408(b), insert the following clause: Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost...

40 CFR 85.1407 - Notification of intent to certify.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES Urban Bus Rebuild Requirements § 85.1407... certifier that use of its certified equipment will not cause a substantial increase to urban bus engine... § 85.1403(b) for all affected urban bus operators as specified in § 85.1401, the notification shall...

40 CFR 85.1407 - Notification of intent to certify.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES Urban Bus Rebuild Requirements § 85.1407... certifier that use of its certified equipment will not cause a substantial increase to urban bus engine... § 85.1403(b) for all affected urban bus operators as specified in § 85.1401, the notification shall...

40 CFR 85.1407 - Notification of intent to certify.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES Urban Bus Rebuild Requirements § 85.1407... certifier that use of its certified equipment will not cause a substantial increase to urban bus engine... § 85.1403(b) for all affected urban bus operators as specified in § 85.1401, the notification shall...

40 CFR 85.1407 - Notification of intent to certify.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES Urban Bus Rebuild Requirements § 85.1407... certifier that use of its certified equipment will not cause a substantial increase to urban bus engine... § 85.1403(b) for all affected urban bus operators as specified in § 85.1401, the notification shall...

Supporting and Fostering the Development of Alternatively Certified Teachers: Creating a Collaborative Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Preach, Deborah

2013-01-01

First-year alternatively certified teachers face significant challenges as they attempt to address the complexities of classroom teaching, particularly when they are assigned to teach in urban school settings. As the number of alternatively certified teachers continues to increase, it is important to provide them with professional development…

Certified Athletic Trainers in Our Secondary Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stopka, Christine; Shimon, Jane M.; Horodyski, MaryBeth; Deere, Randy; Bolger, Christine

2002-01-01

Describes the medical, legal, and educational benefits of having a certified athletic trainer in the secondary school, explaining that they can prevent or lessen the severity of an injury or chance of re-injury. The article presents eight options for hiring a certified athletic trainer and offers suggestions and resources for locating one. (SM)

A Comparison of Student Academic Achievement between Alternatively and Traditionally Certified Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephens, Mary W.

2007-01-01

This research study evaluated the achievement of students who were taught by traditionally certified teachers with students who were taught by alternatively certified teachers or those seeking certification through an alternative certification program. The primary purpose of the study was to examine significant differences, if any, in student…

76 FR 14366 - National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-16

... [Docket No. FMCSA-2008-0363] RIN 2126-AA97 National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners AGENCY... Certified Medical Examiners (NRCME) published on December 1, 2008. In the comments on the NPRM, a commenter inquired as to what a motor carrier had to do to verify that a medical examiner's certificate had been...

78 FR 24795 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-26

... endocrinologist examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... endocrinologist examined him in 2013 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... endocrinologist examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in...

76 FR 17475 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-29

... 2010 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness... endocrinologist examined him in 2011 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... endocrinologist examined him in 2011 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in...

78 FR 79062 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

... endocrinologist examined him in 2013 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... examined him in 2013 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of... 2013 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of consciousness...

78 FR 1927 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Diabetes Mellitus

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-09

... examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of... endocrinologist examined him in 2012 and certified that he has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in... her in 2012 and certified that she has had no severe hypoglycemic reactions resulting in loss of...

A Study of How Certified and Noncertified Automotive Curriculum Impact Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

VanDalsem, B.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this case study was to examine whether written curriculum for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) certified and non-certified training programs better prepares students for entry-level positions. The theoretical framework based on research by Frase described methodologies for comparing curricula at the system, school, and classroom…

34 CFR 685.215 - Discharge for false certification of student eligibility or unauthorized payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... accordance with the provisions of this section if a school falsely certifies the eligibility of the borrower... student's eligibility to borrow to have been falsely certified by the school if the school— (i) Certified... the school, without the borrower's authorization, endorsed the borrower's loan check or signed the...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Status Update: E85 Dispenser System

Science.gov Websites

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Status Update: E85 Dispenser System Certified (June 2010) on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Status Update: E85 Dispenser System Certified (June 2010) on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Status Update: E85 Dispenser System Certified (June 2010

7 CFR 301.75-17 - Funds for the replacement of certified citrus nursery stock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Funds for the replacement of certified citrus nursery... nursery stock. Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, a commercial citrus nursery may be eligible to receive funds to replace certified citrus nursery stock in accordance with the provisions of...

49 CFR 209.7 - Subpoenas; witness fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... and is not less than eighteen (18) years of age, or by certified or registered mail. (d) Service of a... suitable age and discretion then residing therein; (iv) Mailing it by registered or certified mail to him..., director, or agent in charge of any office of the person; (ii) Mailing it by registered or certified mail...

21 CFR 82.6 - Certifiable mixtures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... PROVISIONALLY LISTED COLORS AND SPECIFICATIONS General Provisions § 82.6 Certifiable mixtures. (a) A batch of a mixture which contains no straight color listed in subpart C or D may be certified for use in food, drugs... provisions of this part, for use only in drugs and cosmetics, if: (1) Each coal-tar color used as an...

9 CFR 351.22 - Certified plants to maintain records and make reports; access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR... records. (a) Each day a certified plant prepares, receives, or ships certified technical animal fat or... kinds and quantities of such materials and technical animal fats received, the number of pounds of...

9 CFR 351.22 - Certified plants to maintain records and make reports; access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR... records. (a) Each day a certified plant prepares, receives, or ships certified technical animal fat or... kinds and quantities of such materials and technical animal fats received, the number of pounds of...

9 CFR 351.22 - Certified plants to maintain records and make reports; access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL ANIMAL FATS FOR... records. (a) Each day a certified plant prepares, receives, or ships certified technical animal fat or... kinds and quantities of such materials and technical animal fats received, the number of pounds of...

Assessment of Readiness to Participate in Distance Learning of the Certified Florida Behavioral Workforce

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baston, George R.

2011-01-01

This research study explored perceptions of readiness to participate in distance learning among the certified behavioral workforce in Florida. The study sought to determine if there were significant differences in perception of readiness to participate in distance learning between certified behavioral health professionals at the administrator…

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

42 CFR 441.153 - Team certifying need for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Team certifying need for services. 441.153 Section... § 441.153 Team certifying need for services. Certification under § 441.152 must be made by terms..., certification must be made by an independent team that— (1) Includes a physician; (2) Has competence in...

42 CFR 441.153 - Team certifying need for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Team certifying need for services. 441.153 Section... § 441.153 Team certifying need for services. Certification under § 441.152 must be made by terms..., certification must be made by an independent team that— (1) Includes a physician; (2) Has competence in...

42 CFR 441.153 - Team certifying need for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Team certifying need for services. 441.153 Section... § 441.153 Team certifying need for services. Certification under § 441.152 must be made by terms..., certification must be made by an independent team that— (1) Includes a physician; (2) Has competence in...

42 CFR 441.153 - Team certifying need for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Team certifying need for services. 441.153 Section... § 441.153 Team certifying need for services. Certification under § 441.152 must be made by terms..., certification must be made by an independent team that— (1) Includes a physician; (2) Has competence in...

42 CFR 441.153 - Team certifying need for services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Team certifying need for services. 441.153 Section... § 441.153 Team certifying need for services. Certification under § 441.152 must be made by terms..., certification must be made by an independent team that— (1) Includes a physician; (2) Has competence in...

Job Analysis of the Professional Requirements of the Certified Financial Planner.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skurnik, Larry

A study examined the job functions of certified financial planners, the areas of knowledge needed by new financial planners, the links between these knowledge areas and the job functions of financial planners, and the validity of the examinations currently used by the College of Financial Planning to certify financial planners. A multimethod…

Why Do National Board Certified Teachers from Generation X Leave the Classroom?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crain, Julie Christi

2013-01-01

This qualitative multiple case study focused on National Board Certified teachers from Generation X who have left the classroom. The study explored aspects of the teaching profession, the National Board Certification process, and Generation X as potential influences for National Board Certified teachers from Generation X to leave the classroom.…

20 CFR 416.804 - Certified copy in lieu of original.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Certified copy in lieu of original. 416.804 Section 416.804 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Determination of Age § 416.804 Certified copy in lieu of original. In lieu of...

78 FR 8821 - Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Program; Limited Liability for Noncoal Reclamation by Certified...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

... balance replacement funds and certified in lieu funds--paid from the general funds of the United States Treasury and not subject to annual appropriations. Prior balance replacement funds are authorized by...(h)(1) and (h)(2) of SMCRA (prior balance replacement funding and certified in lieu funding...

Warfighter IT Interoperability Standards Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-22

data (e.g. messages) between systems ? ii) What process did you used to validate and certify semantic interoperability between your...other systems at this time There was no requirement to validate and certify semantic interoperability The DLS program exchanges data with... semantics Testing for System Compliance with Data Models Verify and Certify Interoperability Using Data

17 CFR 240.17a-12 - Reports to be made by certain OTC derivatives dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... by a certified public accountant. Reports filed pursuant to this paragraph (b) shall be as of the... consolidated statement of financial condition reported on by the certified public accountant. The summary... following requirements: (1) An audit shall be conducted by a certified public accountant who shall be in...

17 CFR 240.17a-12 - Reports to be made by certain OTC derivatives dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... by a certified public accountant. Reports filed pursuant to this paragraph (b) shall be as of the... consolidated statement of financial condition reported on by the certified public accountant. The summary... following requirements: (1) An audit shall be conducted by a certified public accountant who shall be in...

17 CFR 240.17a-12 - Reports to be made by certain OTC derivatives dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... by a certified public accountant. Reports filed pursuant to this paragraph (b) shall be as of the... consolidated statement of financial condition reported on by the certified public accountant. The summary... following requirements: (1) An audit shall be conducted by a certified public accountant who shall be in...

Development of a Certified Reference Material (NMIJ CRM 7203-a) for Elemental Analysis of Tap Water.

PubMed

Zhu, Yanbei; Narukawa, Tomohiro; Inagaki, Kazumi; Miyashita, Shin-Ichi; Kuroiwa, Takayoshi; Ariga, Tomoko; Kudo, Izumi; Koguchi, Masae; Heo, Sung Woo; Suh, Jung Ki; Lee, Kyoung-Seok; Yim, Yong-Hyeon; Lim, Youngran

2017-01-01

A certified reference material (CRM), NMIJ CRM 7203-a, was developed for the elemental analysis of tap water. At least two independent analytical methods were applied to characterize the certified value of each element. The elements certified in the present CRM were as follows: Al, As, B, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, and Zn. The certified value for each element was given as the (property value ± expanded uncertainty), with a coverage factor of 2 for the expanded uncertainty. The expanded uncertainties were estimated while considering the contribution of the analytical methods, the method-to-method variance, the sample homogeneity, the long-term stability, and the concentrations of the standard solutions for calibration. The concentration of Hg (0.39 μg kg -1 ) was given as the information value, since loss of Hg was observed when the sample was stored at room temperature and exposed to light. The certified values of selected elements were confirmed by a co-analysis carried out independently by the NMIJ (Japan) and the KRISS (Korea).

Relationship of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Certified Nurses and Healthcare-Acquired Conditions in Acute Care Hospitals.

PubMed

Boyle, Diane K; Bergquist-Beringer, Sandra; Cramer, Emily

The purpose of this study was to describe the (a) number and types of employed WOC certified nurses in acute care hospitals, (b) rates of hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and (c) effectiveness of WOC certified nurses with respect to lowering HAPI and CAUTI occurrences. Retrospective analysis of data from National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. The sample comprised 928 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) hospitals that participated in the 2012 NDNQI RN Survey (source of specialty certification data) and collected HAPI, CAUTI, and nurse staffing data during the years 2012 to 2013. We analyzed years 2012 to 2013 data from the NDNQI. Descriptive statistics summarized the number and types of employed WOC certified nurses, the rate of HAPI and CAUTI, and HAPI risk assessment and prevention intervention rates. Chi-square analyses were used to compare the characteristics of hospitals that do and do not employ WOC certified nurses. Analysis-of-covariance models were used to test the association between WOC certified nurses and HAPI and CAUTI occurrences. Just more than one-third of the study hospitals (36.6%) employed WOC certified nurses. Certified continence care nurses (CCCNs) were employed in fewest number. Hospitals employing wound care specialty certified nurses (CWOCN, CWCN, and CWON) had lower HAPI rates and better pressure injury risk assessment and prevention practices. Stage 3 and 4 HAPI occurrences among hospitals employing CWOCNs, CWCNs, and CWONs (0.27%) were nearly half the rate of hospitals not employing these nurses (0.51%). There were no significant relationships between nurses with specialty certification in continence care (CWOCN, CCCN) or ostomy care (CWOCN, COCN) and CAUTI rates. CWOCNs, CWCNs, and CWONs are an important factor in achieving better HAPI outcomes in acute care settings. The role of CWOCNs, CCCNs, and COCNs in CAUTI prevention warrants further investigation.

Relationship of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Certified Nurses and Healthcare-Acquired Conditions in Acute Care Hospitals

PubMed Central

Bergquist-Beringer, Sandra; Cramer, Emily

2017-01-01

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the (a) number and types of employed WOC certified nurses in acute care hospitals, (b) rates of hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and (c) effectiveness of WOC certified nurses with respect to lowering HAPI and CAUTI occurrences. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data from National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. SUBJECTS AND SETTINGS: The sample comprised 928 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) hospitals that participated in the 2012 NDNQI RN Survey (source of specialty certification data) and collected HAPI, CAUTI, and nurse staffing data during the years 2012 to 2013. METHODS: We analyzed years 2012 to 2013 data from the NDNQI. Descriptive statistics summarized the number and types of employed WOC certified nurses, the rate of HAPI and CAUTI, and HAPI risk assessment and prevention intervention rates. Chi-square analyses were used to compare the characteristics of hospitals that do and do not employ WOC certified nurses. Analysis-of-covariance models were used to test the association between WOC certified nurses and HAPI and CAUTI occurrences. RESULTS: Just more than one-third of the study hospitals (36.6%) employed WOC certified nurses. Certified continence care nurses (CCCNs) were employed in fewest number. Hospitals employing wound care specialty certified nurses (CWOCN, CWCN, and CWON) had lower HAPI rates and better pressure injury risk assessment and prevention practices. Stage 3 and 4 HAPI occurrences among hospitals employing CWOCNs, CWCNs, and CWONs (0.27%) were nearly half the rate of hospitals not employing these nurses (0.51%). There were no significant relationships between nurses with specialty certification in continence care (CWOCN, CCCN) or ostomy care (CWOCN, COCN) and CAUTI rates. CONCLUSIONS: CWOCNs, CWCNs, and CWONs are an important factor in achieving better HAPI outcomes in acute care settings. The role of CWOCNs, CCCNs, and COCNs in CAUTI prevention warrants further investigation. PMID:28328645

Modelling the magnetic activity and filtering radial velocity curves of young Suns : the weak-line T Tauri star LkCa 4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donati, J.-F.; Hébrard, E.; Hussain, G.; Moutou, C.; Grankin, K.; Boisse, I.; Morin, J.; Gregory, S. G.; Vidotto, A. A.; Bouvier, J.; Alencar, S. H. P.; Delfosse, X.; Doyon, R.; Takami, M.; Jardine, M. M.; Fares, R.; Cameron, A. C.; Ménard, F.; Dougados, C.; Herczeg, G.; Matysse Collaboration

2014-11-01

We report results of a spectropolarimetric and photometric monitoring of the weak-line T Tauri star LkCa 4 within the Magnetic Topologies of Young Stars and the Survival of close-in giant Exoplanets (MaTYSSE) programme, involving ESPaDOnS at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Despite an age of only 2 Myr and a similarity with prototypical classical T Tauri stars, LkCa 4 shows no evidence for accretion and probes an interesting transition stage for star and planet formation. Large profile distortions and Zeeman signatures are detected in the unpolarized and circularly polarized lines of LkCa 4 using Least-Squares Deconvolution (LSD), indicating the presence of brightness inhomogeneities and magnetic fields at the surface of LkCa 4. Using tomographic imaging, we reconstruct brightness and magnetic maps of LkCa 4 from sets of unpolarized and circularly polarized LSD profiles. The large-scale field is strong and mainly axisymmetric, featuring a ≃2 kG poloidal component and a ≃1 kG toroidal component encircling the star at equatorial latitudes - the latter making LkCa 4 markedly different from classical T Tauri stars of similar mass and age. The brightness map includes a dark spot overlapping the magnetic pole and a bright region at mid-latitudes - providing a good match to the contemporaneous photometry. We also find that differential rotation at the surface of LkCa 4 is small, typically ≃5.5 times weaker than that of the Sun, and compatible with solid-body rotation. Using our tomographic modelling, we are able to filter out the activity jitter in the radial velocity curve of LkCa 4 (of full amplitude 4.3 km s-1) down to an rms precision of 0.055 km s-1. Looking for hot Jupiters around young Sun-like stars thus appears feasible, even though we find no evidence for such planets around LkCa 4.

Measuring diffuse interstellar bands with cool stars. Improved line lists to model background stellar spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monreal-Ibero, A.; Lallement, R.

2017-03-01

Context. Diffuse stellar bands (DIBs) are ubiquitous in stellar spectra. Traditionally, they have been studied through their extraction from hot (early-type) stars because of their smooth continuum. In an era in which there are several ongoing or planned massive Galactic surveys using multi-object spectrographs, cool (late-type) stars constitute an appealing set of targets. However, from the technical point of view, the extraction of DIBs in their spectra is more challenging because of the complexity of the continuum. Aims: In this contribution we provide the community with an improved set of stellar lines in the spectral regions associated with the strong DIBs at λ6196.0, λ6269.8, λ6283.8, and λ6379.3. These lines allow for the creation of better stellar synthetic spectra, reproducing the background emission and a more accurate extraction of the magnitudes associated with a given DIB (e.g., equivalent width, radial velocity). Methods: The Sun and Arcturus were used as representative examples of dwarf and giant stars, respectively. A high quality spectrum for each of them was modeled using TURBOSPECTRUM and the Vienna Atomic Line Database (VALD) stellar line list. The oscillator strength log (gf) and wavelength of specific lines were modified to create synthetic spectra in which the residuals in both the Sun and Arcturus were minimized. Results: The TURBOSPECTRUM synthetic spectra, based on improved line lists, reproduce the observed spectra for the Sun and Arcturus in the mentioned spectral ranges with greater accuracy. Residuals between the synthetic and observed spectra are always ≲10%, which is much better than residuals with previously existing options. We tested the new line lists with some characteristic spectra from a variety of stars, including both giant and dwarf stars, and under different degrees of extinction. As occurred with the Sun and Arcturus, residuals in the fits used to extract the DIB information are smaller when using synthetic spectra made with the updated line lists. Tables with the updated parameters are provided to the community. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 66.D-0457(A), 079.C-0131(A), and 383.C-0170(A).

Light and Dark: a Mixed Mode Exhibition and Art Installation Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walsh, R. W.

2016-12-01

From June to July 2016, the University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England delivered a Science and Technology Facilities Council funded exhibition and art installation project entitled `Exploring Light and Dark' in collaboration with the Beacon Museum, Whitehaven, Cumbria. Whitehaven is a small harbor town on the far west coast of Cumbria, England. With a population of about 24,000, it is located outside of the Lake District National Park. The major industry is the nearby Sellafield nuclear complex, with which a large proportion of the population has links. We showcased the work of some of our science teams in the areas of astrophysics, ecology and engineering. Visitors were able to experience new ways of learning about research through our audio visual exhibits including films, interpretation boards and hands-on activities. The center-piece was a 3.5m high semi-circular projection of the EUV images of the Sun obtained from NASA's Solar Dynamic Observatory. Specifically visitors explored the following questions: What's a Stellar Explosion? What do you know about the Sun, our closest star? Do you know what a Black Hole is? Why do certain worms react to White Night light conditions? What's a Light Echo? How are plasmas created? How are stars born? What do stone circles tell us about what our ancestors thought about the Sun, the moon and the stars? The programme of activities also included Storytelling (a local storyteller incorporated the folklore about the Sun with science research) and Choreography (a dance artist delivered interpretive dance workshops about the lifecycle of stars). Consequently, 2500 individuals visited the exhibition over the four-week period. A full evaluation of this exhibition is currently being undertaken and a summary of findings will be presented at this meeting. This will outline how this broad mix of scientists has critically reflected on the range of science communication techniques employed in "Light and Dark" with a view to sharing what worked best in this scenario. As a direct result of this work, the project has been invited to be part of the much larger and impactful Lancashire Encounter Festival in September 2016. The results this further outreach event will also be discussed to compare and contrast the use of the same outreach material in very different settings.

Skin Tone Dissatisfaction, Sun Exposure, and Sun Protection in Australian Adolescents.

PubMed

Hutchinson, Amanda D; Prichard, Ivanka; Ettridge, Kerry; Wilson, Carlene

2015-08-01

This study aimed to assess the adoption of sun protection and sun exposure behaviors, the extent to which these behaviors group together, and the relationship between skin tone dissatisfaction and sun-related behaviors in South Australian adolescents (aged 12-17). A total of 2,875 secondary school students (1,461 male and 1,414 female) completed a questionnaire including questions about sun protection and sun exposure behaviors and skin tone dissatisfaction. Regular adoption of sun protection behaviors was low and ranged from 20% (wearing protective clothing) to 44% (sunscreen use). A principal components analysis identified four subgroups of sun-related behaviors: sun protection, appearance enhancement, sun avoidance, and sun exposure. Females had significantly higher skin tone dissatisfaction than males. Skin tone dissatisfaction was associated with decreased sun protection and avoidance and increased appearance enhancement and sun exposure in both males and females. Skin tone dissatisfaction plays an important role in Australian adolescents' sun-related behavior. Appearance-based interventions may be effective in reducing skin cancer risk through reduced sun exposure.