Superpave in-situ stress/strain investigation--phase II : vol. IV, mechanistic analysis and implementation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-01

The characterization of materials is an intergral part of the overall effort to validate the Superpave system and to calibrate the performance prdeictionmodels for the environmental conditions observed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Superpave Mixture Design Guide : Westrack Forensic Team Consensus Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-02-02

WesTrack was the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) test facility in Nevada for developing performance-related specifications for hot-mix asphalt pavement construction. It also provided some of the earliest data on the performance of Superpave a...

Superpave in-situ stress/strain investigation--phase II : vol. III, field data collection and summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-01

The characterization of materials is an intergral part of the overall effort to validate the Superpave system and to calibrate the performance prdeictionmodels for the environmental conditions observed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Experimental placement of stone matrix asphalt : project STP-8724 (00) X South Portland.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-01-01

In September 2003 the Maine Department of Transportation used stone matrix asphalt and Superpave to : renovate two intersections in South Portland, Maine. The experimental placement of stone matrix asphalt : (SMA) and Superpave with modified binder w...

New asphalt mix design system for Oklahoma department of transportation : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-03-01

Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) has been using the Superpave mix design software for several years. The original Superpave mix design software was built around Fox Database and did not meet ODOT requirements. The software currently being...

Additional asphalt to increase the durability of Virginia's superpave surface mixes.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-01-01

Although Superpave has been successful in preventing rutting, many believe that the design asphalt content needs fine-tuning to produce durable mixes. This investigation used various laboratory tests to test samples of field surface mixes (12.5 mm an...

Evaluation of the internal angle of gyration of Superpave gyratory compactors in Alabama

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-12-01

The application of a compaction effort that will produce similar densities from one Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) to another is crucial to the proper design, production control, and acceptance of HMA mixes. Currently in Alabama, differences in a...

The South Central Superpave Center: Report of Activities

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-12-01

The planning of the South Central Superpave Center (SCSC) began in mid-1994. The Center hired its first staff in early 1995 and was fully staffed by June 1995, at which point it became fully operational. This report describes SCSC activities that too...

Fatigue life characterization of Superpave mixtures at the Virginia Smart Road.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

Laboratory fatigue testing was performed on six Superpave HMA mixtures in use at the Virginia Smart Road. Evaluation of the applied strain and resulting fatigue life was performed to fit regressions to predict the fatigue performance of each mixture....

Use of the asphalt pavement analyzer to study in-service asphalt mixture performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-12-30

Permanent deformation or rutting is a major hot mix asphalt (HMA) performance distress. Implementation of the : Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave) HMA mix design system was due, in part, to limit HMA rutting. : Along with the Superpave ...

Use of the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer to study in-service asphalt mixture performance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-12-30

Permanent deformation or rutting is a major hot mix asphalt (HMA) performance distress. Implementation of the Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave) HMA mix design system was due, in part, to limit HMA rutting. Along with the Superpave syst...

Material acceptance risk analysis : superpave hot mix asphalt.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-09-01

The objective of this study is to review Superpave Hot Mix asphalt used by other state DOTs and make recommendation to Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) in using this product in its roadways and in particular in low-traffic roadways. Based on the...

Validation and refinement of mixture volumetric material properties identified in superpave monitoring project II : phase II.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-02-01

This study was initiated to validate and refine mixture volumetric material properties identified in the : Superpave Monitoring Project II. It has been found that differences in performance are primarily controlled : by differences in gradation and r...

Evaluation of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor for Low Volume Roads

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-06-01

There is evidence that some Kansas mixes, which have performed well in the past, will not meet the currently proposed design requirements for a Superpave level I mix. The major problem is low voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA). The major reasons fo...

Hot mix asphalt research investigation for Connecticut : part E - comparison of field performance of superpave and traditional marshall mixes.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

This research is part of the series of investigated topics surrounding hot mix asphalt in Connecticut. : This research investigates the performance of sections of pavements designed using both the Marshall : and Superpave mix design methods. Sixteen ...

Recommended use of reclaimed asphalt pavement in the Superpave mix design method: technician's manual.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

This manual is a reference guide for mix design and field testing technicians who deal with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in Superpave mixtures. It will provide detailed descriptions and examples of each step involved in designing and testing a Su...

Development and evaluation of a simplified superpave IDT testing system for implementation in mix design and control : final report, March 2008.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

Asphalt mixtures designed using modern conventional methods, whether Marshall or Superpave methodologies, fail to address the cracking performance of these mixtures. Research previously conducted at the University of Florida for the Florida Departmen...

Validation and refinement of mixture volumetric material properties identified in superpave monitoring project II : phase II : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-02-01

Superpave is a set of methods and materials for asphalt paving and the primary method : used by the Florida Department of Transportation. It is well documented that performance : of asphalt mixtures is strongly affected by size composition of aggrega...

A case study of the design, installation, and early performance of a nineteen-millimeter superpave mix.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-07-01

An attempt was made to design and construct a coarse matrix high binder (CMHB) mix. When the design of the CMHB mix was unsuccessful a coarse 19.0-mm Superpave mix was substituted. This report describes the attempted design of the CMHB mix, as well a...

Three projects using 4.75 mm. superpave HMA on Route1A, Route 2A, & Route 27.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-04-01

In July & August, 2010, MaineDOT applied 4.75 mm. (5/8 inch) Superpave designed hot mix asphalt : overlays in three locations. These overlay projects were on Route 1A, 2A, and 27, located in Forkstown, : New Portland, and Limestone, respectively. Pro...

Pavement performance testing.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-12-01

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of aggregate gradation and polymer : modification on rutting and fatigue resistance of Superpave mixes. Asphalt mixes were prepared : using three different gradations (above, through, and belo...

Superpave binder implementation : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-01-01

Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) has specified performance-based asphalts (PBAs) since 1991. Developed by the Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications (PCCAS) in 1990, the PBA concept uses conventional test methods for classificat...

Pavement performance testing : research implementation plan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

STATEMENT OF NEED: Validate effect of materials variables in the Superpave mix design system as : affects rutting and fatigue performance. : RESEARCH OBJECTIVES: 1. Determine the effect of aggregate characteristics and gradation and polymer modifier ...

Performance testing for superpave and structural validation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-01

The primary objective of this full-scale accelerated pavement testing was to evaluate the performance of unmodified : and polymer modified asphalt binders and to recommend improved specification tests over existing SUperior : PERforming Asphalt PAVEm...

Durable Recycled Superpave Mixes in Kansas

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-04-01

The use of economical and environment-friendly recycled asphalt materials has become increasingly popular for asphalt pavement construction. In general, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) are used in hot-mix asphalt ...

Asphalt permeability testing between laboratories.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

Problems with water penetrating into pavement were observed with the early coarse asphalt Superpave mixtures. There was justified concern that water would cause early deterioration; therefore, an effort was made to investigate the permeability proble...

Pavement performance testing : executive summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-12-01

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of aggregate gradation and polymer modification on rutting and fatigue resistance of Superpave mixes. Asphalt mixes were prepared using three different gradations (above, through, and below th...

Preliminary investigation of RAP and RAS in HMAC.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-01

laboratory study was undertaken to investigate how various proportions of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS) added to hot mixed asphalt concrete (HMAC) mixtures affect the Superpave performance grade of the blended ...

Fracture properties and fatigue cracking resistance of asphalt binders.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

Several different types of modifiers are increasingly bring used to improve the performance of asphalt binders or to : achieve desired mixture production characteristics (e.g., Warm Mix Asphalt). However, current Superpave : performance specification...

Designing Recycled Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures Using Superpave Technology

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Mix design procedures for recycled asphalt pavements require the selection of : virgin asphalt binder or recycling agent. This research project was undertaken : to develop a procedure for selecting the performance grade (PG) of virgin : asphalt binde...

Development of specification for the superpave simple performance tests (SPT).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-16

This report describes the development and establishment of a proposed Simple Performance : Test (SPT) specification in order to contribute to the asphalt materials technology in the state of : Michigan. The properties and characteristic of materials,...

Evaluation of superpave mixtures containing hydrated lime.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-07-01

The use of hydrated lime in Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures can reduce permanent deformation, long-term aging, and moisture : susceptibility of mixtures. In addition, hydrated lime increases the stiffness and fatigue resistance of mixtures. This study...

Field Monitoring of Experimental Hot Mix Asphalt Projects Placed in Massachusetts

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-06-30

Since 2000, Massachusetts has been involved with numerous field trials of experimental hot mix asphalt mixtures. These experimental mixtures included several pilot projects using the Superpave mixture design methodology, utilization of warm mix aspha...

Performance of Coarse-Graded Mixes at Westrack - Premature Rutting

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-06-01

WesTrack is the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) test facility in Nevada for developing performance-related specifications for hot-mix asphalt pavement construction. It is also providing some of the earliest data on the performance of Superpav...

Years to first rehabilitation of superpave hot mix asphalt.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-07-01

The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) spends more than 30 percent of its annual construction and : maintenance budget on pavements, so pavements need to be properly designed using an analytical process with : accurate design inputs. A pave...

Mixing and Compaction Temperatures for Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

According to Superpave mixture design, gyratory specimens are mixed and compacted at equiviscous binder temperatures corresponding to viscosities of 0.17 and 0.28 Pa's, respectively. These were the values previously used in the Marshal mix design met...

Issues pertaining to the permeability characteristics of coarsegraded Superpave mixes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-07-01

In order to evaluate the relationships between in-place air voids, lift thickness, and permeability, 23 on-going HMA construction projects were visited and field permeability tests conducted. Field permeability tests were conducted at 15 randomly det...

Durable superpave mixes in Kansas.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

Approximately 89% of 11,000 miles of Kansas roads are surfaced with asphalt. Hundreds of thousands of tons : of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) are produced annually in the United States, including in Kansas. This bulk : volume of RAP must be econom...

Evaluation of the effect on aggregate properties of samples extracted using the ignition furnace.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-01

The Superpave mix design system includes four consensus aggregate properties to ensure aggregate quality: coarse aggregate angularity, flat and elongated particles, fine aggregate angularity, and sand equivalent. In addition to determining these cons...

Continued Monitoring of Indiana's SPS9-A Site

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-07-01

This study was initiated to continue monitoring the performance of five test sections placed in 1997 to compare the performance of : Superpave asphalt mixtures with different binder grades and one test section designed using the Marshall mix design m...

Evaluation of superpave mixtures containing hydrated lime : tech summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-01

In the mid-1990s the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) revised its hot-mix asphalt (HMA) : mixture specifi cations. Some of those major changes included requiring larger nominal maximum aggregate size in its : aggregate ...

Investigation of the use of recycled polymer-modified asphalt in asphaltic concrete pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-06-30

This report presents issues associated with recycling polymer modified asphalt cements (PMACs), particularly blending aged PMAC with new PMAC. A styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) PMAC was selected and graded using the Superpave Performance Grading (PG)...

Implementation of MEPDG for asphalt pavement with RAP.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

This study explored the potential of using high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content with hot mix asphalt (HMA) in base and surface courses for conditions prevailing in Oklahoma. A total of eight Superpave mixes (four mixes for each of two field ...

Minimum virgin binder limits in recycled superpave mixes in Kansas : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-07-01

Use of recycled materials in asphalt pavement has become widespread recently due : to rising costs of virgin binder and increased attention to sustainability. Historically, : recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) has been the most commonly used recycled ma...

Preliminary investigation of RAP and RAS in HMAC : final report, February 2010.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-01

A laboratory study was undertaken to investigate how various proportions of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS) added to hot mixed asphalt concrete (HMAC) mixtures affect the Superpave performance grade of the blende...

Prediction of Low-Temperature Cracking Using Superpave Binder Specifications

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-02-01

Six different AC-20 asphalt cements were used in a Pennsylvania project in September 1976. Two of the six test pavements developed low-temperature cracking in January 1977. The remaining four test pavements started to develop cracks to different degr...

Durable superpave mixes in Kansas : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

Approximately 89% of 11,000 miles of Kansas roads are surfaced with asphalt. Hundreds of thousands of tons of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) are produced annually in the United States, including in Kansas. This bulk volume of RAP must be economical...

Evaluating Georgia DOT's compaction requirements for stone matrix asphalt mixes.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-06-01

This study determined a compactive effort for Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixes with the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) that would match a 50-blow Marshall compactive effort using aggregates and mix designs common in Georgia. SMA mix designs were ...

Minimum virgin binder limits in recycled superpave mixes in Kansas : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-07-01

Use of recycled materials in asphalt pavement has become widespread recently due to rising costs of virgin : binder and increased attention to sustainability. Historically, recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) has been the most : commonly used recycled ma...

Validity of multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test for DOTD asphalt binder specification : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-01

Higher traffic coupled with heavier loads led the asphalt industry to introduce polymer-modified binders to enhance the durability and strength of hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. When the Superpave Performance Graded (PG) binder specification (AASHT...

Superpave in-situ stress/strain investigation--phase II : implementing SISSI data with MEPDG.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

Accurate pavement performance prediction is widely recognized as one of the most : complex and difficult tasks to accomplish. The importance of such a goal cannot be overemphasized : as reliable predictions make it possible to modify design or constr...

Analysis of the multiple stress creep recovery asphalt binder test and specifications for use in Indiana.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-03-01

The Superpave specifications and equipment, introduced in 1993, represented a major advancement with respect to offering a better : understanding of the behavior and characteristics of asphalt binders based on their rheological properties. However, t...

Performance of gravel aggregates in superpave mixes with 100/95 angularity.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-04-01

The research conducted in this study evaluated the asphalt mixture performance of various gravel and : crushed stone sources consisting of different levels of crushed face counts, as determined by ASTM D5821. : Along with ASTM D5821, two additional a...

An evaluation of factors affecting permeability of superpave designed pavements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-06-01

It can be expected that the life of a permeable pavement would be shorter than that of an impermeable pavement, due to deterioration of mix through water and air infiltration, and subsequent stripping and oxidation and hardening of binder. Recent wor...

Resilient modulus and the fatigue properties of Kansas hot mix asphalt mixes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-08-01

This research study aimed to determine the dynamic modulus, bending stiffness and fatigue properties of four representative Superpave Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures used in the construction of base layers of Kansas flexible pavements and to compare t...

Evaluation of permanent deformation of asphalt mixtures using loaded wheel tester

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-10-01

A majority of states in the U.S. had adopted the Superpave volumetric mix design system in the year 2000. However, this system does not have a standard mechanical test to evaluate the potential for permanent deformation (rutting) of the designed asph...

Optimizing laboratory mixture design as it relates to field compaction to improve asphalt mixture durability.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-11-01

Most departments of transportation, including Indiana, currently use the Superpave mixture design method to design asphalt mixtures. : This method specifies that the optimum asphalt content for a given gradation be selected at 4 percent air voids. Du...

Investigation of the Bailey Method for the design and analysis of dense-graded MHAC using Oregon aggregates.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-09-01

Historically Oregon has specified gradations for dense-graded hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) using a combination of broadband limits and recommended ideal gradations. The recent adoption of SuperPave and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) technolog...

Evaluation of Superpave Gyratory Compaction of Hot Mix Asphalt

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1988-01-01

About 85 percent of hot mix asphalt (HMA) by volume consist of mineral aggregate. One of the most important properties of the aggregate in a HMA mix is the gradation. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of restricted zone on volumetric ...

Field test of a polyphosphoric acid (PPA) modified asphalt binder on Rt. 1 in Perry.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-04-01

The Maine Department of Transportation (MaineDOT) uses the Superpave hot mix asphalt process and : specifies asphalt binder grades using the Performance Grade criteria. The Department mainly uses asphalt : binder grade PG 64-28. This is an asphalt bi...

Review and analysis of Hamburg Wheel Tracking device test data.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-02-01

The Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device (HWTD) test (TEX-242-F) and the Kansas Test Method KT-56 (KT-56), or : modified Lottman test, have been used in Kansas for the last 10 years or so to predict rutting and moisture damage potential of : Superpave mixes...

Identification of laboratory techniques to optimize Superpave HMA surface friction characteristics : final report, April 2010.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-04-15

Wet pavement friction is known to be one of the most important roadway safety parameters. In this : research, frictional properties of flexible (asphalt) pavements were investigated. : As a part of this study, a laboratory device to polish asphalt sp...

Investigation of the Bailey Method for the design and analysis of dense-graded HMAC using Oregon aggregates : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-09-01

Historically Oregon has specified gradations for dense-graded hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) using a combination of broadband limits and recommended ideal gradations. The recent adoption of SuperPave and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) technolog...

Evaluation of crumb rubber in hot mix asphalt.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-07-01

An asphalt-rubber hot mix asphalt (AR-HMA) design was created using a Superpave 12.5mm gradation and a #30 (-) mesh : crumb rubber at 20% total weight of the asphalt binder. At this point in time, asphalt rubber has only been used with HMA : that con...

Field verification of KDOT's Superpave mixture properties to be used as inputs in the NCHRP mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

In the MechanisticEmpirical Pavement Design Guide (M-EPDG), prediction of flexible pavement response and performance needs an input of dynamic modulus of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) at all three levels of hierarchical inputs. This study was intended to ...

Field test of a polyphosphoric acid (PPA) modified asphalt binder on Rt. 1 in Perry : [second interim report, April 2012].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-04-01

The Maine Department of Transportation (MaineDOT) uses the Superpave hot mix asphalt process and : specifies asphalt binder grades using the Performance Grade criteria. The Department mainly uses asphalt : binder grade PG64-28. This is an asphalt bin...

Effects of aggregate gradation, aggregate type, and SBS polymer-modified binder on Florida HMAC fracture energy properties : final report, March 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-03-01

"The primary objective of this research study was to evaluate the fracture mechanics properties of HMA concrete for Superpave mixtures. An experimental program was performed on asphalt mixtures with various types of materials. The laboratory testing ...

Superpave in-situ stress/strain investigation--phase II implementing (SISSI II) : draft report, evaluating the sensitivity of MEPDG to SISSI data.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

The objective of the sensitivity study was to evaluate the input parameters related to AC material properties, traffic, and climate that significantly or insignificantly influence the predicted performance for two specific SISSI flexible pavements: W...

Hot mix asphalt research investigation for Connecticut : part A - reduction in the number Of superpave mix design levels.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-07-01

This research is the first in a series of investigated topics surrounding hot mix asphalt in Connecticut. : Currently there are at least 12 different mix designs that need to be developed by producers of HMA with : four traffic levels and three nomin...

Construction report - US Highway 36, superpave overlay of sand anti-fracture layer over AC/PCC pavement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-12-01

The sand anti-fracture (SAF) technology was implemented on U.S. 36 in DeKalb County, Missouri, during the summer of 2000. The SAF layer is a fine aggregate graded asphalt mixture using highly polymerized asphalt binder that gives the SAF layer the ab...

Rutting resistance of asphalt mixture with cup lumps modified binder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaffie, E.; Hanif, W. M. M. Wan; Arshad, A. K.; Hashim, W.

2017-11-01

Rutting is the most common pavement distress in pavement structures which occurs mainly due to several factors such as increasing of traffic volume, climatic conditions and also due to construction design errors. This failure reduced the service life of the pavement, reduced driver safety and increase cost of maintenance. Polymer Modified Binder has been observed for a long time in improving asphalt pavement performance. Research shows that the use of polymer in bituminous mix not only improve the resistance to rutting but also increase the life span of the pavement. This research evaluates the physical properties and rutting performance of dense graded Superpave-designed HMA mix. Two different types of dense graded Superpave HMA mix were developed consists of unmodified binder mix (UMB) and cup lumps rubber (liquid form) modified binder mix (CLMB). Natural rubber polymer modified binder was prepared from addition of 8 percent of cup lumps into binder. Results showed that all the mixes passed the Superpave volumetric properties criteria which indicate that these mixtures were good with respect to durability and flexibility. Furthermore, rutting results from APA rutting test was determined to evaluate the performance of these mixtures. The rutting result of CLMB demonstrates better resistance to rutting than those prepared using UMB mix. Addition of cup lumps rubber in asphalt mixture was found to be significant, where the cup lumps rubber has certainly improves the binder properties and enhanced its rutting resistance due to greater elasticity offered by the cup lumps rubber particles. It shows that the use of cup lumps rubber can significantly reduce the rut depth of asphalt mixture by 41% compared to the minimum rut depth obtained for the UMB mix. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cup lumps rubber is suitable to be used as a modifier to modified binder in order to enhance the properties of the binder and thus improves the performance of asphalt mixes.

Natural asphalt modified binders used for high stiffness modulus asphalt concrete

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bilski, Marcin; Słowik, Mieczysław

2018-05-01

This paper presents a set of test results supporting the possibility of replacing, in Polish climate conditions, hard road 20/30 penetration grade bitumen used in the binder course and/or base course made of high stiffness modulus asphalt concrete with binders comprising of 35/50 or 50/70 penetration grade bitumens and additives in the form of natural Gilsonite or Trinidad Epuré asphalts. For the purpose of comparing the properties of the discussed asphalt binders, values of the Performance Grade have been determined according to the American Superpave system criteria.

Evaluating the Superpave Option in Unified Facilities Guide Specification 32-12-15.13, Hot Mix Asphalt Airfield Paving

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

M249 5.47 2.291 2.381 3.8 12.8 70.6 5,132 18 M250 5.47 2.283 2.381 4.1 13.2 68.7 5,678 19 M251 5.47 2.287 2.381 4.0 13.0 69.4 5,534 16 M252 5.47...71 143.0 M250 5.47 1179.60 664.10 1180.7 0 516.60 2.28 2.38 4.12 13.15 68.70 142.48 M251 5.47 1158.4 652.3 1158.9 506.6 2.287 2.381 4.0 13.0 69

SGC Tests for Influence of Material Composition on Compaction Characteristic of Asphalt Mixtures

PubMed Central

Chen, Qun

2013-01-01

Compaction characteristic of the surface layer asphalt mixture (13-type gradation mixture) was studied using Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) simulative compaction tests. Based on analysis of densification curve of gyratory compaction, influence rules of the contents of mineral aggregates of all sizes and asphalt on compaction characteristic of asphalt mixtures were obtained. SGC Tests show that, for the mixture with a bigger content of asphalt, its density increases faster, that there is an optimal amount of fine aggregates for optimal compaction and that an appropriate amount of mineral powder will improve workability of mixtures, but overmuch mineral powder will make mixtures dry and hard. Conclusions based on SGC tests can provide basis for how to adjust material composition for improving compaction performance of asphalt mixtures, and for the designed asphalt mixture, its compaction performance can be predicted through these conclusions, which also contributes to the choice of compaction schemes. PMID:23818830

SGC tests for influence of material composition on compaction characteristic of asphalt mixtures.

PubMed

Chen, Qun; Li, Yuzhi

2013-01-01

Compaction characteristic of the surface layer asphalt mixture (13-type gradation mixture) was studied using Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) simulative compaction tests. Based on analysis of densification curve of gyratory compaction, influence rules of the contents of mineral aggregates of all sizes and asphalt on compaction characteristic of asphalt mixtures were obtained. SGC Tests show that, for the mixture with a bigger content of asphalt, its density increases faster, that there is an optimal amount of fine aggregates for optimal compaction and that an appropriate amount of mineral powder will improve workability of mixtures, but overmuch mineral powder will make mixtures dry and hard. Conclusions based on SGC tests can provide basis for how to adjust material composition for improving compaction performance of asphalt mixtures, and for the designed asphalt mixture, its compaction performance can be predicted through these conclusions, which also contributes to the choice of compaction schemes.

An approach to the usage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as roadway pavement material.

PubMed

Gürü, Metin; Çubuk, M Kürşat; Arslan, Deniz; Farzanian, S Ali; Bilici, İbrahim

2014-08-30

This study investigates an application area for Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle waste which has become an environmental problem in recent decades as being a considerable part of the total plastic waste bulk. Two novel additive materials, namely Thin Liquid Polyol PET (TLPP) and Viscous Polyol PET (VPP), were chemically derived from waste PET bottles and used to modify the base asphalt separately for this aim. The effects of TLPP and VPP on the asphalt and hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture properties were detected through conventional tests (Penetration, Softening Point, Ductility, Marshall Stability, Nicholson Stripping) and Superpave methods (Rotational Viscosity, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR)). Also, chemical structures were described by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques. Since TLPP and VPP were determined to improve the low temperature performance and fatigue resistance of the asphalt as well as the Marshall Stability and stripping resistance of the HMA mixtures based on the results of the applied tests, the usage of PET waste as an asphalt roadway pavement material offers an alternative and a beneficial way of disposal of this ecologically hazardous material. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Linear viscoelastic limits of asphalt concrete at low and intermediate temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mehta, Yusuf A.

The purpose of this dissertation is to demonstrate the hypothesis that a region at which the behavior of asphalt concrete can be represented as a linear viscoelastic material can be determined at low and intermediate temperatures considering the stresses and strains typically developed in the pavements under traffic loading. Six mixtures containing different aggregate gradations and nominal maximum aggregate sizes varying from 12.5 to 37.5 mm were used in this study. The asphalt binder grade was the same for all mixtures. The mixtures were compacted to 7 +/- 1% air voids, using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor. Tests were conducted at low temperatures (-20°C and -10°C), using the indirect tensile test machine, and at intermediate temperatures (4°C and 20°C), using the Superpave shear machine. To determine the linear viscoelastic range of asphalt concrete, a relaxation test for 150 s, followed by a creep test for another 150 s, was conducted at 150 and 200 microstrains (1 microstrain = 1 x 10-6), at -20°C, and at 150 and 300 microstrains, at -10°C. A creep test for 200 s, followed by a recovery test for another 200 s, was conducted at stress levels up to 800 kPa at 4°C and up to 500 kPa at 20°C. At -20°C and -10°C, the behavior of the mixtures was linear viscoelastic at 200 and 300 microstrains, respectively. At intermediate temperatures (4°C and 20°C), an envelope defining the linear and nonlinear region in terms of stress as a function of shear creep compliance was constructed for all the mixtures. For creep tests conducted at 20°C, it was discovered that the commonly used protocol to verify the proportionality condition of linear viscoelastic behavior was unable to detect the appearance of nonlinear behavior at certain imposed shear stress levels. Said nonlinear behavior was easily detected, however, when checking the satisfaction of the superposition condition. The envelope constructed for determining when the material becomes nonlinear should be valid for mixtures similar to the ones tested in this study. Different envelopes should be used in the case of mixtures containing a very soft or a very stiff polymer modified binder. At 4°C, the typical values of stresses and material properties of mixtures fell within the linear viscoelastic region, considering the typical shear creep compliance values at loading times and stresses experienced in the field. However, typical values at 20°C fell within a region in which some, but not all of the mixtures tested in this study behaved linearly. It is known that the behavior of asphalt concrete mixture changes from linear to nonlinear, depending on the temperature and loading conditions. However, this study is the first of its kind in which both the proportionality and the superposition condition were evaluated. The experimental design and the analysis procedures presented in this study can be applied to similar experiments that may be conducted in the future to evaluate linearity of different types of asphalt concrete mixtures.

Effect of various filler types on the properties of porous asphalt mixture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shukry, Nurul Athma Mohd; Hassan, Norhidayah Abdul; Ezree Abdullah, Mohd; Rosli Hainin, Mohd; Yusoff, Nur Izzi Md; Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah; Mohamed, Azman

2018-04-01

The open structure of porous asphalt exposes a large surface area to the effects of air and water, which accelerates the oxidation rate and affects the coating properties of the binder. These factors may influence the adhesive strength of the binder-aggregate and lead to cohesive failure within the binder film, contributing to aggregate stripping and moisture damage. The addition of fillers in asphalt mixtures has been identified to stiffen the asphalt binder and improve mixture strength. This study investigates the effect of various filler types (hydrated lime, cement, and diatomite) on the properties of porous asphalt. Compacted samples of porous asphalt were prepared using Superpave gyratory compactor at the target air void content of 21%. Each sample was incorporated with 2% of filler and polymer-modified binder of PG76. The morphology and chemical composition of fillers were investigated with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The properties of porous asphalt were evaluated in terms of permeability, abrasion loss, resilient modulus, and indirect tensile strength. All mixtures were found to show high permeability rates. Mixtures with hydrated lime exhibited lower abrasion loss compared to mixtures with cement and diatomite. The use of diatomite increases the resistance of the mixtures to rutting and moisture damage compared to other fillers as shown by the enhanced resilient modulus and indirect tensile strength.

Laboratory and field evaluation of hot mix asphalt with high contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Van Winkle, Clinton Isaac

Currently in Iowa, the amount of RAP materials allowed for the surface layer is limited to 15% by weight. The objective of this project was to develop quality standards for inclusion of RAP content higher than 15% in asphalt mixtures. To meet Superpave mix design requirements, it was necessary to fractionate the RAP materials. Based on the extensive sieve-by-sieve analysis of RAP materials, the optimum sieve size to fractionate RAP materials was identified. To determine if the higher percentage of RAP materials than 15% can be used in Iowa's state highway, three test sections with 30.0%, 35.5% and 39.2% of RAP materials were constructed on Highway 6 in Iowa City. The construction of the field test sections was monitored and the cores were obtained to measure field densities of test sections. Field mixtures collected from test sections were compacted in the laboratory in order to test the moisture sensitivity using a Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device. The binder was extracted from the field mixtures with varying amounts of RAP materials and tested to determine the effects of RAP materials on the PG grade of a virgin binder. Field cores were taken from the various mix designs to determine the percent density of each test section. A condition survey of the test sections was then performed to evaluate the short-term performance.

Effects of two warm-mix additives on aging, rheological and failure properties of asphalt cements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Omari, Isaac Obeng

Sustainable road construction and maintenance could be supported when excellent warm-mix additives are employed in the modification of asphalt. These warm-mix additives provide remedies for today's requirements such as fatigue cracking resistance, durability, thermal cracking resistance, rutting resistance and resistance to moisture damage. Warm-mix additives are based on waxes and surfactants which reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions significantly during the construction phase of the pavement. In this study, the effects of two warm mix additives, siloxane and oxidised polyethylene wax, on roofing asphalt flux (RAF) and asphalt modified with waste engine oil (655-7) were investigated to evaluate the rheological, aging and failure properties of the asphalt binders. In terms of the properties of these two different asphalts, RAF has proved to be superior quality asphalt whereas 655-7 is poor quality asphalt. The properties of the modified asphalt samples were measured by Superpave(TM) tests such as Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) test as well as modified protocols such as the extended BBR (eBBR) test (LS-308) and the Double- Edge-Notched Tension (DENT) test (LS-299) after laboratory aging. In addition, the Avrami theory was used to gain an insight on the crystallization of asphalt or the waxes within the asphalt binder. This study has however shown that the eBBR and DENT tests are better tools for providing accurate specification tests to curb thermal and fatigue cracking in contemporary asphalt pavements.

Performance of asphalt mixture incorporating recycled waste

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamid, Nor Baizura; Abdullah, Mohd Ezree; Sanik, Mohd Erwan; Mokhtar, Mardiha; Kaamin, Masiri; Raduan, Rasyidah; Ramli, Mohd Zakwan

2017-12-01

Nowadays, the amount of premix waste was increased every year, especially at the batching plants. Normally, the waste materials will be discarded without doing any innovative and effective research about those materials. This situation has become one of the global concerns due to the increasing number of premix waste produced every year. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) using premix waste on improving asphalt mixture fatigue behaviour. The method used in this study was Superpave mix design method. The sample conducted in this study were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 100% of premix waste respectively. For a binder test, the laboratory test conducted were penetration test, softening test and thin film oven test while for the performance test were resilient modulus test and indirect tensile fatigue test. From the laboratory test, the resilient modulus test was conducted with two different temperature which was 25°C and 40°C. The result from that test was 20% of premix waste had higher resilient modulus at that two different temperatures compared to another samples. From that test also shown that the sample at the lower temperature which was 25°C has higher resilient modulus compared to the temperature of 40°C. Indirect tensile fatigue test showed that the 30% of premix waste sample was suitable for the modified asphalt mixture with referring to the maximum deformation and strain for comparison control, 10%,20%, and 100% of premix waste samples. So, it can be concluded that premix waste inhibits great potential as road construction material and suitable for repeated traffic loading.

Influence of bitumen type on cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures used in pavement overlays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jaskula, P.; Szydlowski, C.; Stienss, M.

2018-05-01

Cracking is one of the predominant distresses occurring in flexible pavements, especially in old pavements that were rehabilitated with an asphalt overlay. In such cases asphalt mixtures should be designed to ensure high resistance to reflective cracking because new asphalt layers are exposed to existing cracks of the old pavement. The nature of these cracks can be various (transverse, longitudinal as well as crazy cracking). One factor that minimizes this type of distress is the proper mix design process, which should involve selection of specific bitumen binder and mineral mix gradation. However, still there is no universally adopted laboratory test method that would allow to clearly assess resistance of asphalt mixtures to reflective cracking. This paper describes the usage of one of the devices developed to test asphalt mixtures in terms of such distress – Texas Overlay Tester. For this test, samples prepared in laboratory conditions (i.e. compacted with the use of Superpave Gyratory Compactor) as well as obtained in the field (by core drilling) can be used. The results are obtained not only quickly and easily, but also with sufficient repeatability. The described method characterizes both crack initiation and crack propagation properties of asphalt mixtures. In this work one type of mineral mixture was tested with 4 different types of bitumen (one neat bitumen, two ordinary polymer-modified and one polymer-modified with high polymer content). For selected cases extra additives (rubber and loose fibres) were also tested. In total, six asphalt mixtures were tested. A ranking of the used binders was created on the basis of the results in order to conclude which bitumen would ensure the best performance characteristics in terms of reflective cracking. The results have clearly shown that deliberate choice of the binder used in the asphalt mixture for the overlay will significantly improve its reflective cracking resistance or even fatigue resistance.

Assessment of low temperature cracking in asphalt pavement mixes and rheological performance of asphalt binders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sowah-Kuma, David

Government spends a lot of money on the reconstruction and rehabilitation of road pavements in any given year due to various distresses and eventual failure. Low temperature (thermal) cracking, one of the main types of pavement distress, contributes partly to this economic loss, and comes about as a result of accumulated tensile strains exceeding the threshold tensile strain capacity of the pavement. This pavement distress leads to a drastic reduction of the pavement's service life and performance. In this study, the severity of low temperature (thermal) cracking on road pavements selected across the Province of Ontario and its predicted time to failure was assessed using the AASTHO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) and AASHTOWARE(TM) software, with inputs such as creep compliance and tensile strength from laboratory test. Highway 400, K1, K2, Y1, Sasobit, Rediset LQ, and Rediset WMX were predicted to have a pavement in-service life above 15 years. Additionally, the rheological performance of the recovered asphalt binders was assessed using Superpave(TM) tests such as the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR). Further tests using modified standard protocols such as the extended bending beam rheometer (eBBR) (LS-308) test method and double-edge notched tension (DENT) test (LS-299) were employed to evaluate the failure properties associated with in service performance. The various rheological tests showed K1 to be the least susceptible to low temperature cracking compared to the remaining samples whiles Highway 24 will be highly susceptible to low temperature cracking. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was performed on the recovered asphalt binders to determine the presence of metals such as zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) believed to originate from waste engine oil, which is often added to asphalt binders. Finally, the severity of oxidative aging (hardening) of the recovered asphalt binders was also evaluated using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine the abundance of functional groups such as the carbonyl (CO) and sulfoxide (SO). Functional groups such as styrene and butadiene were also evaluated to determine the polymer modifier content in recovered asphalt binders.

Chapter G: Tentative Correlation Between CIPW Normin pl (Total Plagioclase) and Los Angeles Wear in Precambrian Midcontinental Granites-Examples from Missouri and Oklahoma, with Applications and Limitations for Use

USGS Publications Warehouse

Davis, George H.

2004-01-01

The normative chemical classification of Cross, Iddings, Pirsson, and Washington (CIPW) is commonly used in igneous petrology to distinguish igneous rocks by comparing their magmatic chemistries for similar and dissimilar components. A potential use for this classification other than in petrologic studies is in the rapid assessment of aggregate sources, possibly leading to an economic advantage for an aggregate producer or user, by providing the opportunity to determine whether further physical testing of an aggregate is warranted before its use in asphalt or concrete pavement. However, the CIPW classification currently should not be substituted for the physical testing required in specifications by State departments of transportation. Demands for physical testing of aggregates have increased nationally as users seek to maximize the quality of the aggregate they purchase for their pavements. Concrete pavements are being laid with increased thicknesses to withstand increasing highway loads. New pavement mixes, most notably Superior Performance Asphalt Pavement ('Superpave'), are designed for additional service life. For both concrete and asphalt, the intent is to generate a durable pavement with a longer service life that should decrease overall life-cycle costs. Numerous aggregate producers possess chemical-composition data available for examination to answer questions from the potential user. State geological surveys also possess chemical-composition data for stone sources. Paired with the results of physical testing, chemical- composition data provide indicative information about stone durability and aggregate strength. The Missouri Department of Transportation has noted a possible relation among coarse-grained Precambrian granites of the midcontinental region, correlating the results of abrasion testing with the contents of normative minerals, also known as normins, calculated from chemical composition data. Thus, normin pl ( total plagioclase) can predict, by way of simple regression, the Los Angeles wear for granite samples collected in Missouri. The results of this abrasion testing were extended to another granite in Oklahoma where normin pl predicted Los Angeles wear to within 0.6 percent. This relation may also exist for granitic rocks outside the Oklahoma-Missouri region, as well as for other igneous-rock types.