Sample records for system includes means

  1. Portable refrigerant charge meter and method for determining the actual refrigerant charge in HVAC systems

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gao, Zhiming; Abdelaziz, Omar; LaClair, Tim L.

    A refrigerant charge meter and a method for determining the actual refrigerant charge in HVAC systems are described. The meter includes means for determining an optimum refrigerant charge from system subcooling and system component parameters. The meter also includes means for determining the ratio of the actual refrigerant charge to the optimum refrigerant charge. Finally, the meter includes means for determining the actual refrigerant charge from the optimum refrigerant charge and the ratio of the actual refrigerant charge to the optimum refrigerant charge.

  2. Heat recovery system employing a temperature controlled variable speed fan

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jones, W.T.

    1986-05-20

    A heat recovery system is described for use in recovering heat from an industrial process producing a heated fluid comprising: a source of inlet air; a housing coupled to the source and including a heat exchanger; means for passing the heated fluid through the heat exchanger; the housing including means for moving a variable volume of air adjustable over a continuous range from the source through the heat exchanger; air discharge means communicating with the housing for discharging air which has passed through the heat exchanger; a control system including first temperature sensing means for sensing the discharge temperature ofmore » the discharge air moving through the discharge means and a control circuit coupled to the first temperature sensing means and to the moving means for varying the volume of air moved in response to the sensed discharge temperature to control the temperature of discharge air passing through the discharge means at a first predetermined value; and the control system including second temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature of the source of inlet air and valve means coupled to and controlled by the control circuit to cause liquid to bypass the heat exchanger when the inlet air temperature rises above a second predetermined value.« less

  3. Metal halogen battery system with multiple outlet nozzle for hydrate

    DOEpatents

    Bjorkman, Jr., Harry K.

    1983-06-21

    A metal halogen battery system, including at least one cell having a positive electrode and a negative electrode contacted by aqueous electrolyte containing the material of said metal and halogen, store means whereby halogen hydrate is formed and stored as part of an aqueous material, means for circulating electrolyte through the cell and to the store means, and conduit means for transmitting halogen gas formed in the cell to a hydrate former whereby the hydrate is formed in association with the store means, said store means being constructed in the form of a container which includes a filter means, said filter means being inoperative to separate the hydrate formed from the electrolyte, said system having, a hydrate former pump means associated with the store means and being operative to intermix halogen gas with aqueous electrolyte to form halogen hydrate, said hydrate former means including, multiple outlet nozzle means connected with the outlet side of said pump means and being operative to minimize plugging, said nozzle means being comprised of at least one divider means which is generally perpendicular to the rotational axes of gears within the pump means, said divider means acting to divide the flow from the pump means into multiple outlet flow paths.

  4. Electronic system

    DOEpatents

    Robison, G H; Dickson, J F

    1960-11-15

    An electronic system is designed for indicating the occurrence of a plurality of electrically detectable events within predetermined time intervals. The system comprises separate input means electrically associated with the events under observation an electronic channel associated with each input means, including control means and indicating means; timing means adapted to apply a signal from the input means after a predetermined time to the control means to deactivate each of the channels; and means for resetting the system to its initial condition after the observation of each group of events. (D.L.C.)

  5. Real-time holographic surveillance system

    DOEpatents

    Collins, H. Dale; McMakin, Douglas L.; Hall, Thomas E.; Gribble, R. Parks

    1995-01-01

    A holographic surveillance system including means for generating electromagnetic waves; means for transmitting the electromagnetic waves toward a target at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for receiving and converting electromagnetic waves reflected from the target to electrical signals at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for processing the electrical signals to obtain signals corresponding to a holographic reconstruction of the target; and means for displaying the processed information to determine nature of the target. The means for processing the electrical signals includes means for converting analog signals to digital signals followed by a computer means to apply a backward wave algorithm.

  6. Fuel delivery system including heat exchanger means

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Coffinberry, G. A. (Inventor)

    1978-01-01

    A fuel delivery system is presented wherein first and second heat exchanger means are each adapted to provide the transfer of heat between the fuel and a second fluid such as lubricating oil associated with the gas turbine engine. Valve means are included which are operative in a first mode to provide for flow of the second fluid through both first and second heat exchange means and further operative in a second mode for bypassing the second fluid around the second heat exchanger means.

  7. Real-time holographic surveillance system

    DOEpatents

    Collins, H.D.; McMakin, D.L.; Hall, T.E.; Gribble, R.P.

    1995-10-03

    A holographic surveillance system is disclosed including means for generating electromagnetic waves; means for transmitting the electromagnetic waves toward a target at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for receiving and converting electromagnetic waves reflected from the target to electrical signals at a plurality of predetermined positions in space; means for processing the electrical signals to obtain signals corresponding to a holographic reconstruction of the target; and means for displaying the processed information to determine nature of the target. The means for processing the electrical signals includes means for converting analog signals to digital signals followed by a computer means to apply a backward wave algorithm. 21 figs.

  8. 40 CFR 1045.801 - What definitions apply to this part?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are... emission control device means any element of design that senses temperature, motive speed, engine RPM... on a continuous mixture of those fuels. Emission control system means any device, system, or element...

  9. 14 CFR 401.5 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    .... Expendable launch vehicle means a launch vehicle whose propulsive stages are flown only once. Experimental... during a launch or reentry. Flight safety system means a system designed to limit or restrict the hazards... States. Launch includes the flight of a launch vehicle and includes pre- and post-flight ground...

  10. 14 CFR 401.5 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... Expendable launch vehicle means a launch vehicle whose propulsive stages are flown only once. Experimental... during a launch or reentry. Flight safety system means a system designed to limit or restrict the hazards... States. Launch includes the flight of a launch vehicle and includes pre- and post-flight ground...

  11. 14 CFR 401.5 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    .... Expendable launch vehicle means a launch vehicle whose propulsive stages are flown only once. Experimental... during a launch or reentry. Flight safety system means a system designed to limit or restrict the hazards... States. Launch includes the flight of a launch vehicle and includes pre- and post-flight ground...

  12. ELECTRONIC SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Robison, G.H. et al.

    1960-11-15

    An electronic system is described for indicating the occurrence of a plurality of electrically detectable events within predetermined time intervals. It is comprised of separate input means electrically associated with the events under observation: an electronic channel associated with each input means including control means and indicating means; timing means associated with each of the input means and the control means and adapted to derive a signal from the input means and apply it after a predetermined time to the control means to effect deactivation of each of the channels; and means for resetting the system to its initial condition after observation of each group of events.

  13. 36 CFR 1008.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... photograph. Related definitions include: (1) System of records means a group of any records under the control... means records used for personnel management programs or processes such as staffing, employee development, retirement, and grievances and appeals. (4) Statistical records means records in a system of records...

  14. 21 CFR 1300.01 - Definitions relating to controlled substances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts... paragraph. Automated dispensing system means a mechanical system that performs operations or activities... 1305.06. Readily retrievable means that certain records are kept by automatic data processing systems...

  15. 21 CFR 1300.01 - Definitions relating to controlled substances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts... paragraph. Automated dispensing system means a mechanical system that performs operations or activities... 1305.06. Readily retrievable means that certain records are kept by automatic data processing systems...

  16. 21 CFR 1300.01 - Definitions relating to controlled substances.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts... paragraph. Automated dispensing system means a mechanical system that performs operations or activities... 1305.06. Readily retrievable means that certain records are kept by automatic data processing systems...

  17. CONTROL SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Shannon, R.H.; Williamson, H.E.

    1962-10-30

    A boiling water type nuclear reactor power system having improved means of control is described. These means include provisions for either heating the coolant-moderator prior to entry into the reactor or shunting the coolantmoderator around the heating means in response to the demand from the heat engine. These provisions are in addition to means for withdrawing the control rods from the reactor. (AEC)

  18. System for handling and storing radioactive waste

    DOEpatents

    Anderson, J.K.; Lindemann, P.E.

    1982-07-19

    A system and method are claimed for handling and storing spent reactor fuel and other solid radioactive waste, including canisters to contain the elements of solid waste, storage racks to hold a plurality of such canisters, storage bays to store these racks in isolation by means of shielded doors in the bays. This system also includes means for remotely positioning the racks in the bays and an access tunnel within which the remotely operated means is located to position a rack in a selected bay. The modular type of these bays will facilitate the construction of additional bays and access tunnel extension.

  19. System for handling and storing radioactive waste

    DOEpatents

    Anderson, John K.; Lindemann, Paul E.

    1984-01-01

    A system and method for handling and storing spent reactor fuel and other solid radioactive waste, including canisters to contain the elements of solid waste, storage racks to hold a plurality of such canisters, storage bays to store these racks in isolation by means of shielded doors in the bays. This system also includes means for remotely positioning the racks in the bays and an access tunnel within which the remotely operated means is located to position a rack in a selected bay. The modular type of these bays will facilitate the construction of additional bays and access tunnel extension.

  20. Downhole telemetry system

    DOEpatents

    Normann, R.A.; Kadlec, E.R.

    1994-11-08

    A downhole telemetry system is described for optically communicating to the surface operating parameters of a drill bit during ongoing drilling operations. The downhole telemetry system includes sensors mounted with a drill bit for monitoring at least one operating parameter of the drill bit and generating a signal representative thereof. The downhole telemetry system includes means for transforming and optically communicating the signal to the surface as well as means at the surface for producing a visual display of the optically communicated operating parameters of the drill bit. 7 figs.

  1. Downhole telemetry system

    DOEpatents

    Normann, Randy A.; Kadlec, Emil R.

    1994-01-01

    A downhole telemetry system is described for optically communicating to the surface operating parameters of a drill bit during ongoing drilling operations. The downhole telemetry system includes sensors mounted with a drill bit for monitoring at least one operating parameter of the drill bit and generating a signal representative thereof. The downhole telemetry system includes means for transforming and optically communicating the signal to the surface as well as means at the surface for producing a visual display of the optically communicated operating parameters of the drill bit.

  2. 40 CFR 52.741 - Control strategy: Ozone control measures for Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry and Will Counties.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... abatement or recovery device. Capture system means all equipment (including, but not limited to, hoods... translucent solid protective film. Closed vent system means a system that is not open to the atmosphere and is... evaporation of water. Condensate means volatile organic liquid separated from its associated gases, which...

  3. 46 CFR 131.945 - Display of plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... bulkheads together with particulars of the— (a) Fire-detection systems; (b) Manual-alarm systems; (c) Fire-extinguishing systems; (d) Fire doors; (e) Means of ingress to the different compartments; and (f) Ventilating-systems, including the— (1) Positions of the dampers; (2) Site of the remote means of stopping the fans...

  4. System and method for advanced power management

    DOEpatents

    Atcitty, Stanley [Albuquerque, NM; Symons, Philip C [Surprise, AZ; Butler, Paul C [Albuquerque, NM; Corey, Garth P [Albuquerque, NM

    2009-07-28

    A power management system is provided that includes a power supply means comprising a plurality of power supply strings, a testing means operably connected to said plurality of power supply strings for evaluating performance characteristics of said plurality of power supply strings, and a control means for monitoring power requirements and comprising a switching means for controlling switching of said plurality of power supply strings to said testing means.

  5. Extreme-UV lithography system

    DOEpatents

    Replogle, William C.; Sweatt, William C.

    2001-01-01

    A photolithography system that employs a condenser that includes a series of aspheric mirrors on one side of a small, incoherent source of radiation producing a series of beams is provided. Each aspheric mirror images the quasi point source into a curved line segment. A relatively small arc of the ring image is needed by the camera; all of the beams are so manipulated that they all fall onto this same arc needed by the camera. Also, all of the beams are aimed through the camera's virtual entrance pupil. The condenser includes a correcting mirror for reshaping a beam segment which improves the overall system efficiency. The condenser efficiently fills the larger radius ringfield created by today's advanced camera designs. The system further includes (i) means for adjusting the intensity profile at the camera's entrance pupil or (ii) means for partially shielding the illumination imaging onto the mask or wafer. The adjusting means can, for example, change at least one of: (i) partial coherence of the photolithography system, (ii) mask image illumination uniformity on the wafer or (iii) centroid position of the illumination flux in the entrance pupil. A particularly preferred adjusting means includes at least one vignetting mask that covers at least a portion of the at least two substantially equal radial segments of the parent aspheric mirror.

  6. Hardware-in-the-loop tow missile system simulator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Waldman, G.S.; Wootton, J.R.; Hobson, G.L.

    1993-07-06

    A missile system simulator is described for use in training people for target acquisition, missile launch, and missile guidance under simulated battlefield conditions comprising: simulating means for producing a digital signal representing a simulated battlefield environment including at least one target movable therewithin, the simulating means generating an infrared map representing the field-of-view and the target; interface means for converting said digital signals to an infrared image; missile system hardware including the missile acquisition, tracking, and guidance portions thereof, said hardware sensing the infrared image to determine the location of the target in a field-of-view; and, image means for generatingmore » an infrared image of a missile launched at the target and guided thereto, the image means imposing the missile image onto the field-of-view for the missile hardware to acquire the image of the missile in addition to that of the target, and to generate guidance signals to guide the missile image to the target image, wherein the interfacing means is responsive to a guidance signal from the hardware to simulate, in real-time, the response of the missile to the guidance signal, the image means including a blackbody, laser means for irradiating the blackbody to heat it to a temperature at which it emits infrared radiation, and optic means for integrating the radiant image produced by heating the blackbody into the infrared map.« less

  7. Reliability model generator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cohen, Gerald C. (Inventor); McMann, Catherine M. (Inventor)

    1991-01-01

    An improved method and system for automatically generating reliability models for use with a reliability evaluation tool is described. The reliability model generator of the present invention includes means for storing a plurality of low level reliability models which represent the reliability characteristics for low level system components. In addition, the present invention includes means for defining the interconnection of the low level reliability models via a system architecture description. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a reliability model for the entire system is automatically generated by aggregating the low level reliability models based on the system architecture description.

  8. Portable battery-free charger for radiation dosimeters

    DOEpatents

    Manning, Frank W.

    1984-01-01

    This invention is a novel portable charger for dosimeters of the electrometer type. The charger does not require batteries or piezoelectric crystals and is of rugged construction. In a preferred embodiment, the charge includes a housing which carries means for mounting a dosimeter to be charged. The housing also includes contact means for impressing a charging voltage across the mounted dosimeter. Also, the housing carries a trigger for operating a charging system mounted in the housing. The charging system includes a magnetic loop including a permanent magnet for establishing a magnetic field through the loop. A segment of the loop is coupled to the trigger for movement thereby to positions opening and closing the loop. A coil inductively coupled with the loop generates coil-generated voltage pulses when the trigger is operated to open and close the loop. The charging system includes an electrical circuit for impressing voltage pulses from the coil across a capacitor for integrating the pulses and applying the resulting integrated voltage across the above-mentioned contact means for charging the dosimeter.

  9. 40 CFR 86.402-78 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... atmosphere from any opening downstream from the exhaust port of a motor vehicle engine. Fuel system means the combination of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, oil injection metering system, and carburetor or fuel injection components, and includes all fuel system vents. Loaded vehicle mass means curb mass plus 80 kg...

  10. 40 CFR 86.402-78 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... atmosphere from any opening downstream from the exhaust port of a motor vehicle engine. Fuel system means the combination of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, oil injection metering system, and carburetor or fuel injection components, and includes all fuel system vents. Loaded vehicle mass means curb mass plus 80 kg...

  11. 40 CFR 86.402-78 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... atmosphere from any opening downstream from the exhaust port of a motor vehicle engine. Fuel system means the combination of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, oil injection metering system, and carburetor or fuel injection components, and includes all fuel system vents. Loaded vehicle mass means curb mass plus 80 kg...

  12. 40 CFR 86.402-78 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... atmosphere from any opening downstream from the exhaust port of a motor vehicle engine. Fuel system means the combination of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, oil injection metering system, and carburetor or fuel injection components, and includes all fuel system vents. Loaded vehicle mass means curb mass plus 80 kg...

  13. 40 CFR 86.402-78 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... atmosphere from any opening downstream from the exhaust port of a motor vehicle engine. Fuel system means the combination of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, oil injection metering system, and carburetor or fuel injection components, and includes all fuel system vents. Loaded vehicle mass means curb mass plus 80 kg...

  14. Wake Vortex Avoidance System and Method

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shams, Qamar A. (Inventor); Zuckerwar, Allan J. (Inventor); Knight, Howard K. (Inventor)

    2017-01-01

    A wake vortex avoidance system includes a microphone array configured to detect low frequency sounds. A signal processor determines a geometric mean coherence based on the detected low frequency sounds. A display displays wake vortices based on the determined geometric mean coherence.

  15. 10 CFR 431.302 - Definitions concerning walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that are not part of its refrigeration system. K-factor means the... consumption, including, but not limited to, refrigeration, doors, lights, windows, or walls; or (2... temperature at or below 55 degrees Fahrenheit using a refrigeration system. Refrigeration system means the...

  16. 10 CFR 431.302 - Definitions concerning walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that are not part of its refrigeration system. K-factor means the... consumption, including, but not limited to, refrigeration, doors, lights, windows, or walls; or (2... temperature at or below 55 degrees Fahrenheit using a refrigeration system. Refrigeration system means the...

  17. 10 CFR 431.302 - Definitions concerning walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that are not part of its refrigeration system. K-factor means the... consumption, including, but not limited to, refrigeration, doors, lights, windows, or walls; or (2... temperature at or below 55 degrees Fahrenheit using a refrigeration system. Refrigeration system means the...

  18. 40 CFR 1033.901 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that controls or reduces the regulated emissions from a... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are...

  19. 40 CFR 1033.901 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that controls or reduces the regulated emissions from a... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are...

  20. 40 CFR 1033.901 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that controls or reduces the regulated emissions from a... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are...

  1. 40 CFR 1033.901 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that controls or reduces the regulated emissions from a... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are...

  2. 40 CFR 1033.901 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... means any device, system, or element of design that controls or reduces the regulated emissions from a... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS CONTROL OF... means any device, system, or element of design that someone can adjust (including those which are...

  3. Off-line-locked laser diode species monitor system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lee, Jamine (Inventor); Goldstein, Neil (Inventor); Richtsmeier, Steven (Inventor); Bien, Fritz (Inventor); Gersh, Michael (Inventor)

    1995-01-01

    An off-line-locked laser diode species monitor system includes: reference means for including at least one known species having a first absorption wavelength; a laser source for irradiating the reference means and at least one sample species having a second absorption wavelength differing from the first absorption wavelength by a predetermined amount; means for locking the wavelength of the laser source to the first wavelength of the at least one known species in the reference means; a controller for defeating the means for locking and for displacing the laser source wavelength from said first absorption wavelength by said predetermined amount to the second absorption wavelength; and a sample detector device for determining laser radiation absorption at the second wavelength transmitted through the sample to detect the presence of the at least one sample species.

  4. 46 CFR 189.55-5 - Plans and specifications required for new construction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... of the alarm and extinguishing systems, the fire extinguishers, means of access to different... dampers and the number identifying each system. (2) Ventilation diagram including dampers and other fire control features. (3) Details of alarm systems. (4) Details of extinguishing systems, including fire mains...

  5. System for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gross, V.

    1980-07-08

    A system is described for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers, comprising: a set of containers adapted for receiving aqueous solutions of biological samples containing biopolymers which are subsequently precipitated in said containers on particles of diatomite in the presence of a coprecipitator, then filtered, dissolved, and mixed with a scintillator; radioactivity measuring means including a detection chamber to which is fed the mixture produced in said set of containers; an electric drive for moving said set of containers in a stepwise manner; means for proportional feeding of said coprecipitator and a suspension of diatomite in an acid solution to saidmore » containers which contain the biological sample for forming an acid precipitation of biopolymers; means for the removal of precipitated samples from said containers; precipitated biopolymer filtering means for successively filtering the precipitate, suspending the precipitate, dissolving the biopolymers mixed with said scintillator for feeding of the mixture to said detection chamber; a system of pipelines interconnecting said above-recited means; and said means for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers including, a measuring cell arranged in a detection chamber and communicating with said means for filtering precipitated biopolymers through one pipeline of said system of pipelines; a program unit electrically connected to said electric drive, said means for acid precipatation of biopolymers, said means for the removal of precipitated samples from said containers, said filtering means, and said radioactivity measuring device; said program unit adapted to periodically switch on and off the above-recited means and check the sequence of the radioactivity measuring operations; and a control unit for controlling the initiation of the system and for selecting programs.« less

  6. 18 CFR 39.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... Mexico. Cybersecurity Incident means a malicious act or suspicious event that disrupts, or was an attempt... includes requirements for the operation of existing Bulk-Power System facilities, including cybersecurity... failures of such system will not occur as a result of a sudden disturbance, including a Cybersecurity...

  7. 18 CFR 39.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Mexico. Cybersecurity Incident means a malicious act or suspicious event that disrupts, or was an attempt... includes requirements for the operation of existing Bulk-Power System facilities, including cybersecurity... failures of such system will not occur as a result of a sudden disturbance, including a Cybersecurity...

  8. 18 CFR 39.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... Mexico. Cybersecurity Incident means a malicious act or suspicious event that disrupts, or was an attempt... includes requirements for the operation of existing Bulk-Power System facilities, including cybersecurity... failures of such system will not occur as a result of a sudden disturbance, including a Cybersecurity...

  9. 18 CFR 39.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... Mexico. Cybersecurity Incident means a malicious act or suspicious event that disrupts, or was an attempt... includes requirements for the operation of existing Bulk-Power System facilities, including cybersecurity... failures of such system will not occur as a result of a sudden disturbance, including a Cybersecurity...

  10. 18 CFR 39.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Mexico. Cybersecurity Incident means a malicious act or suspicious event that disrupts, or was an attempt... includes requirements for the operation of existing Bulk-Power System facilities, including cybersecurity... failures of such system will not occur as a result of a sudden disturbance, including a Cybersecurity...

  11. 46 CFR 61.20-3 - Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... control for the means of stopping machinery driving forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil transfer pumps..., including fluid control systems. 61.20-3 Section 61.20-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Equipment § 61.20-3 Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems...

  12. 46 CFR 61.20-3 - Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... control for the means of stopping machinery driving forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil transfer pumps..., including fluid control systems. 61.20-3 Section 61.20-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Equipment § 61.20-3 Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems...

  13. 46 CFR 61.20-3 - Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... control for the means of stopping machinery driving forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil transfer pumps..., including fluid control systems. 61.20-3 Section 61.20-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Equipment § 61.20-3 Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems...

  14. 46 CFR 61.20-3 - Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... control for the means of stopping machinery driving forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil transfer pumps..., including fluid control systems. 61.20-3 Section 61.20-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Equipment § 61.20-3 Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems...

  15. System for autonomous monitoring of bioagents

    DOEpatents

    Langlois, Richard G.; Milanovich, Fred P.; Colston, Jr, Billy W.; Brown, Steve B.; Masquelier, Don A.; Mariella, Jr., Raymond P.; Venkateswaran, Kodomudi

    2015-06-09

    An autonomous monitoring system for monitoring for bioagents. A collector gathers the air, water, soil, or substance being monitored. A sample preparation means for preparing a sample is operatively connected to the collector. A detector for detecting the bioagents in the sample is operatively connected to the sample preparation means. One embodiment of the present invention includes confirmation means for confirming the bioagents in the sample.

  16. 12 CFR 208.82 - Definitions for purposes of this subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... SYSTEM MEMBERSHIP OF STATE BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (REGULATION H) Consumer...)(10)). (d) Consumer means an individual who purchases, applies to purchase, or is solicited to... attempt to control the behavior of another person. (g) Electronic media includes any means for...

  17. 12 CFR 1403.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence; (c... Banking FARM CREDIT SYSTEM INSURANCE CORPORATION PRIVACY ACT REGULATIONS § 1403.2 Definitions. For the purposes of this part: (a) Agency means the Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation. It does not include...

  18. Global Positioning System Synchronized Active Light Autonomous Docking System

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Howard, Richard T. (Inventor); Book, Michael L. (Inventor); Bryan, Thomas C. (Inventor); Bell, Joseph L. (Inventor)

    1996-01-01

    A Global Positioning System Synchronized Active Light Autonomous Docking System (GPSSALADS) for automatically docking a chase vehicle with a target vehicle comprising at least one active light emitting target which is operatively attached to the target vehicle. The target includes a three-dimensional array of concomitantly flashing lights which flash at a controlled common frequency. The GPSSALADS further comprises a visual tracking sensor operatively attached to the chase vehicle for detecting and tracking the target vehicle. Its performance is synchronized with the flash frequency of the lights by a synchronization means which is comprised of first and second internal clocks operatively connected to the active light target and visual tracking sensor, respectively, for providing timing control signals thereto, respectively. The synchronization means further includes first and second Global Positioning System receivers operatively connected to the first and second internal clocks, respectively, for repeatedly providing simultaneous synchronization pulses to the internal clocks, respectively. In addition, the GPSSALADS includes a docking process controller means which is operatively attached to the chase vehicle and is responsive to the visual tracking sensor for producing commands for the guidance and propulsion system of the chase vehicle.

  19. Global Positioning System Synchronized Active Light Autonomous Docking System

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Howard, Richard (Inventor)

    1994-01-01

    A Global Positioning System Synchronized Active Light Autonomous Docking System (GPSSALADS) for automatically docking a chase vehicle with a target vehicle comprises at least one active light emitting target which is operatively attached to the target vehicle. The target includes a three-dimensional array of concomitantly flashing lights which flash at a controlled common frequency. The GPSSALADS further comprises a visual tracking sensor operatively attached to the chase vehicle for detecting and tracking the target vehicle. Its performance is synchronized with the flash frequency of the lights by a synchronization means which is comprised of first and second internal clocks operatively connected to the active light target and visual tracking sensor, respectively, for providing timing control signals thereto, respectively. The synchronization means further includes first and second Global Positioning System receivers operatively connected to the first and second internal clocks, respectively, for repeatedly providing simultaneous synchronization pulses to the internal clocks, respectively. In addition, the GPSSALADS includes a docking process controller means which is operatively attached to the chase vehicle and is responsive to the visual tracking sensor for producing commands for the guidance and propulsion system of the chase vehicle.

  20. 31 CFR 1028.100 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR OPERATORS OF CREDIT CARD SYSTEMS Definitions § 1028... institution means a person authorized by the operator of a credit card system to contract, directly or... operator's credit card. (b) Credit card has the same meaning as in 15 U.S.C. 1602(k). It includes charge...

  1. 31 CFR 1028.100 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR OPERATORS OF CREDIT CARD SYSTEMS Definitions § 1028... institution means a person authorized by the operator of a credit card system to contract, directly or... operator's credit card. (b) Credit card has the same meaning as in 15 U.S.C. 1602(k). It includes charge...

  2. 31 CFR 1028.100 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR OPERATORS OF CREDIT CARD SYSTEMS Definitions § 1028... institution means a person authorized by the operator of a credit card system to contract, directly or... operator's credit card. (b) Credit card has the same meaning as in 15 U.S.C. 1602(k). It includes charge...

  3. 31 CFR 1028.100 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR OPERATORS OF CREDIT CARD SYSTEMS Definitions § 1028... institution means a person authorized by the operator of a credit card system to contract, directly or... operator's credit card. (b) Credit card has the same meaning as in 15 U.S.C. 1602(k). It includes charge...

  4. 14 CFR 29.1189 - Shutoff means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... engine; (2) For oil systems for turbine engine installations in which all components of the system, including oil tanks, are fireproof or located in areas not subject to engine fire conditions; or (3) For...) There must be means to shut off or otherwise prevent hazardous quantities of fuel, oil, de-icing fluid...

  5. 40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart E of... - Asbestos Model Accreditation Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... of friable ACBM. 6. “Public and commercial building” means the interior space of any building which..., warehouses and factories. Interior space includes exterior hallways connecting buildings, porticos, and mechanical systems used to condition interior space. 7. “Response action” means a method, including removal...

  6. 40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart E of... - Asbestos Model Accreditation Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... of friable ACBM. 6. “Public and commercial building” means the interior space of any building which..., warehouses and factories. Interior space includes exterior hallways connecting buildings, porticos, and mechanical systems used to condition interior space. 7. “Response action” means a method, including removal...

  7. 40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart E of... - Asbestos Model Accreditation Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... of friable ACBM. 6. “Public and commercial building” means the interior space of any building which..., warehouses and factories. Interior space includes exterior hallways connecting buildings, porticos, and mechanical systems used to condition interior space. 7. “Response action” means a method, including removal...

  8. 40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart E of... - Asbestos Model Accreditation Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... of friable ACBM. 6. “Public and commercial building” means the interior space of any building which..., warehouses and factories. Interior space includes exterior hallways connecting buildings, porticos, and mechanical systems used to condition interior space. 7. “Response action” means a method, including removal...

  9. 40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart E of... - Asbestos Model Accreditation Plan

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... of friable ACBM. 6. “Public and commercial building” means the interior space of any building which..., warehouses and factories. Interior space includes exterior hallways connecting buildings, porticos, and mechanical systems used to condition interior space. 7. “Response action” means a method, including removal...

  10. Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Resource Potential

    DOE Data Explorer

    Katherine Young

    2016-06-30

    Compilation of data (spreadsheet and shapefiles) for several low-temperature resource types, including isolated springs and wells, delineated area convection systems, sedimentary basins and coastal plains sedimentary systems. For each system, we include estimates of the accessible resource base, mean extractable resource and beneficial heat. Data compiled from USGS and other sources. The paper (submitted to GRC 2016) describing the methodology and analysis is also included.

  11. Systemic levels of local anaesthetic after intra-peritoneal application--a systematic review.

    PubMed

    Kahokehr, A; Sammour, T; Vather, R; Taylor, M; Stapelberg, F; Hill, A G

    2010-07-01

    There is a lack of cohesive reports on the systemic levels of local anaesthetic after intraperitoneal application. A comprehensive systematic review with no language restriction was conducted. Eighteen suitable articles were identified. Data were compiled and presented according to local anaesthetic agent. Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic has been studied in many different procedures, including open and laparoscopic surgery. A total of 415 patients were included for analysis. There were no cases of clinical toxicity. There were 11 (2.7%) cases with a systemic level above or close to a safe threshold (as determined by the report authors) in three trials utilising intraperitoneal local anaesthetic after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Intraperitoneal lignocaine doses varied from 100 to 1000 mg, mean Cmax ranged from 1.01 to 4.32 microg/ml and mean Tmax ranged from 15 to 40 minutes. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine doses varied from 50 to 150 mg (weight based doses also reported), mean Cmax ranged from 0.29 to 1.14 microg/ml and mean Tmax ranged from 15 to 60 minutes. Intraperitoneal ropivacaine doses varied from 100 to 300 mg, mean Cmax ranged from 0.66 to 3.76 microg/ml and mean Tmax ranged from 15 to 35 minutes. The addition of adrenaline to intraperitoneal local anaesthetic almost halves systemic levels and prolongs Tmax. Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic results in detectable systemic levels in the perioperative setting. Despite a lack of clinical toxicity, careful attention to dose is still required to prevent potential systemic toxic levels. Clinicians should also consider the addition of adrenaline to intraperitoneal local anaesthetic solutions to further add to the systemic safety profile.

  12. Mechanized fluid connector and assembly tool system with ball detents

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zentner, Ronald C. (Inventor); Smith, Steven A. (Inventor)

    1991-01-01

    A fluid connector system is disclosed which includes a modified plumbing union having a rotatable member for drawing said union into a fluid tight condition. A drive tool is electric motor actuated and includes a reduction gear train providing an output gear engaging an integral peripheral spur gear on the rotatable member. Coaxial alignment means are attached to both the connector assembly and the drive tool. A hand lever actuated latching system includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced latching balls selectively wedged against the alignment means attached to the connector assembly or to secure the drive tool with its output gear in mesh with the integral peripheral spur gear. The drive motor is torque, speed, and direction controllable.

  13. A Qualitative Content Analysis of Information Dissemination during the Consolidation of Two Technical Colleges

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Drinnon, Charles

    2017-01-01

    This research examined the ways and means administration used to disseminate information concerning the consolidation of two technical colleges in the State of Georgia, USA. These means of information dissemination included press releases by the consolidating colleges and the Technical College System of Georgia (the system which the consolidating…

  14. Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Resource Potential Estimate

    DOE Data Explorer

    Katherine Young

    2016-06-30

    Compilation of data (spreadsheet and shapefiles) for several low-temperature resource types, including isolated springs and wells, delineated area convection systems, sedimentary basins and coastal plains sedimentary systems. For each system, we include estimates of the accessible resource base, mean extractable resource and beneficial heat. Data compiled from USGS and other sources. The paper (submitted to GRC 2016) describing the methodology and analysis is also included.

  15. Infectious waste feed system

    DOEpatents

    Coulthard, E. James

    1994-01-01

    An infectious waste feed system for comminuting infectious waste and feeding the comminuted waste to a combustor automatically without the need for human intervention. The system includes a receptacle for accepting waste materials. Preferably, the receptacle includes a first and second compartment and a means for sealing the first and second compartments from the atmosphere. A shredder is disposed to comminute waste materials accepted in the receptacle to a predetermined size. A trough is disposed to receive the comminuted waste materials from the shredder. A feeding means is disposed within the trough and is movable in a first and second direction for feeding the comminuted waste materials to a combustor.

  16. Unsteady three-dimensional marginal separation, including breakdown

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Duck, Peter W.

    1990-01-01

    A situation involving a three-dimensional marginal separation is considered, where a (steady) boundary layer flow is on the verge of separating at a point (located along a line of symmetry/centerline). At this point, a triple-deck is included, thereby permitting a small amount of interaction to occur. Unsteadiness is included within this interaction region through some external means. It is shown that the problem reduces to the solution of a nonlinear, unsteady, partial-integro system, which is solved numerically by means of time-marching together with a pseudo-spectral method spatially. A number of solutions to this system are presented which strongly suggest a breakdown of this system may occur, at a finite spatial position, at a finite time. The structure and details of this breakdown are then described.

  17. Illumination system having a plurality of movable sources

    DOEpatents

    Sweatt, William C.; Kubiak, Glenn D.

    2002-01-01

    An illumination system includes several discharge sources that are multiplexed together to reduce the amount of debris generated. The system includes: (a) a first electromagnetic radiation source array that includes a plurality of first activatable radiation source elements that are positioned on a first movable carriage; (b) a second electromagnetic radiation source array that includes a plurality of second activatable radiation source elements that are positioned on a second movable carriage; (c) means for directing electromagnetic radiation from the first electromagnetic radiation source array and electromagnetic radiation from the second electromagnetic radiation source array toward a common optical path; (d) means for synchronizing (i) the movements of the first movable carriage and of the second movable carriage and (ii) the activation of the first electromagnetic radiation source array and of the second electromagnetic radiation source array to provide an essentially continuous illumination of electromagnetic radiation along the common optical path.

  18. Radio frequency security system, method for a building facility or the like, and apparatus and methods for remotely monitoring the status of fire extinguishers

    DOEpatents

    Runyon, Larry [Richland, WA; Gunter, Wayne M [Richland, WA; Gilbert, Ronald W [Gilroy, CA

    2006-07-25

    A system for remotely monitoring the status of one or more fire extinguishers includes means for sensing at least one parameter of each of the fire extinguishers; means for selectively transmitting the sensed parameters along with information identifying the fire extinguishers from which the parameters were sensed; and means for receiving the sensed parameters and identifying information for the fire extinguisher or extinguishers at a common location. Other systems and methods for remotely monitoring the status of multiple fire extinguishers are also provided.

  19. On-Board Hydrogen Gas Production System For Stirling Engines

    DOEpatents

    Johansson, Lennart N.

    2004-06-29

    A hydrogen production system for use in connection with Stirling engines. The production system generates hydrogen working gas and periodically supplies it to the Stirling engine as its working fluid in instances where loss of such working fluid occurs through usage through operation of the associated Stirling engine. The hydrogen gas may be generated by various techniques including electrolysis and stored by various means including the use of a metal hydride absorbing material. By controlling the temperature of the absorbing material, the stored hydrogen gas may be provided to the Stirling engine as needed. A hydrogen production system for use in connection with Stirling engines. The production system generates hydrogen working gas and periodically supplies it to the Stirling engine as its working fluid in instances where loss of such working fluid occurs through usage through operation of the associated Stirling engine. The hydrogen gas may be generated by various techniques including electrolysis and stored by various means including the use of a metal hydride absorbing material. By controlling the temperature of the absorbing material, the stored hydrogen gas may be provided to the Stirling engine as needed.

  20. Liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor plant system

    DOEpatents

    Hunsbedt, Anstein; Boardman, Charles E.

    1993-01-01

    A liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor having a passive cooling system for removing residual heat resulting for fuel decay during reactor shutdown, or heat produced during a mishap. The reactor system is enhanced with sealing means for excluding external air from contact with the liquid metal coolant leaking from the reactor vessel during an accident. The invention also includes a silo structure which resists attack by leaking liquid metal coolant, and an added unique cooling means.

  1. 40 CFR 63.1651 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings. Capture system means the equipment (including hoods... due to wind or mechanical inducement such as vehicle traffic. Fugitive dust sources include plant...

  2. 40 CFR 63.1651 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings. Capture system means the equipment (including hoods... due to wind or mechanical inducement such as vehicle traffic. Fugitive dust sources include plant...

  3. 40 CFR 63.1651 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings. Capture system means the equipment (including hoods... due to wind or mechanical inducement such as vehicle traffic. Fugitive dust sources include plant...

  4. A technology-enabled adherence enhancement system for people with bipolar disorder: results from a feasibility and patient acceptance analysis

    PubMed Central

    Sajatovic, Martha; Davis, Michael S; Cassidy, Kristin A; Nestor, Joseph; Sams, Johnny; Fuentes-Casiano, Edna

    2015-01-01

    Objective As poor medication adherence is common in bipolar disorder (BD), technology-assisted approaches may help to monitor and enhance adherence. This study evaluated preliminary feasibility, patient satisfaction and effects on adherence, BD knowledge, and BD symptoms associated with the use of a multicomponent technology-assisted adherence enhancement system. Methods This prospective study tested the system in five BD patients over a 15-day period. System components included: 1) an automated pill cap with remote monitoring sensor; 2) a multimedia adherence enhancement program; and 3) a treatment incentive program. This study evaluated system usability, patient satisfaction and effects on adherence (Morisky scale), knowledge (treatment knowledge test [TKT]), and symptoms (internal state scale [ISS]). Results Mean age of the sample was 62 years, 4/5 (80%) Caucasian, and 4/5 (80%) single/divorced or widowed. Most participants (4/5, 80%) were on a single BD medication. Participants had BD for an average of 21 years. Challenges included attaching the pill sensor to standard pharmacy bottles for individuals using very large pill containers or those with multiday pill boxes. Three of five (60%) individuals completed the full 15-day period. Usability scores were high overall. Mean Morisky scores improved. Means on all four subscales of the ISS were all in the direction of improvement. On the TKT, there was a 40% increase in mean scores. Conclusion A multicomponent technology-assisted BD adherence enhancement system is feasible. Challenges include accommodating multiple types of pill containers and monitoring multiple drugs simultaneously. The system can also generate adherence information that is potentially useful for treatment planning. PMID:26089652

  5. 46 CFR 169.623 - Power-driven steering systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... systems must have means to be brought into operation from a dead ship condition, without external aid. The... steering systems from the main steering control location must include, as applicable— (1) Control of any...

  6. 46 CFR 169.623 - Power-driven steering systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... systems must have means to be brought into operation from a dead ship condition, without external aid. The... steering systems from the main steering control location must include, as applicable— (1) Control of any...

  7. 46 CFR 169.623 - Power-driven steering systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... systems must have means to be brought into operation from a dead ship condition, without external aid. The... steering systems from the main steering control location must include, as applicable— (1) Control of any...

  8. A framework for assessing the performance of health systems.

    PubMed Central

    Murray, C. J.; Frenk, J.

    2000-01-01

    Health systems vary widely in performance, and countries with similar levels of income, education and health expenditure differ in their ability to attain key health goals. This paper proposes a framework to advance the understanding of health system performance. A first step is to define the boundaries of the health system, based on the concept of health action. Health action is defined as any set of activities whose primary intent is to improve or maintain health. Within these boundaries, the concept of performance is centred around three fundamental goals: improving health, enhancing responsiveness to the expectations of the population, and assuring fairness of financial contribution. Improving health means both increasing the average health status and reducing health inequalities. Responsiveness includes two major components: (a) respect for persons (including dignity, confidentiality and autonomy of individuals and families to decide about their own health); and (b) client orientation (including prompt attention, access to social support networks during care, quality of basic amenities and choice of provider). Fairness of financial contribution means that every household pays a fair share of the total health bill for a country (which may mean that very poor households pay nothing at all). This implies that everyone is protected from financial risks due to health care. The measurement of performance relates goal attainment to the resources available. Variation in performance is a function of the way in which the health system organizes four key functions: stewardship (a broader concept than regulation); financing (including revenue collection, fund pooling and purchasing); service provision (for personal and non-personal health services); and resource generation (including personnel, facilities and knowledge). By investigating these four functions and how they combine, it is possible not only to understand the proximate determinants of health system performance, but also to contemplate major policy challenges. PMID:10916909

  9. A framework for assessing the performance of health systems.

    PubMed

    Murray, C J; Frenk, J

    2000-01-01

    Health systems vary widely in performance, and countries with similar levels of income, education and health expenditure differ in their ability to attain key health goals. This paper proposes a framework to advance the understanding of health system performance. A first step is to define the boundaries of the health system, based on the concept of health action. Health action is defined as any set of activities whose primary intent is to improve or maintain health. Within these boundaries, the concept of performance is centred around three fundamental goals: improving health, enhancing responsiveness to the expectations of the population, and assuring fairness of financial contribution. Improving health means both increasing the average health status and reducing health inequalities. Responsiveness includes two major components: (a) respect for persons (including dignity, confidentiality and autonomy of individuals and families to decide about their own health); and (b) client orientation (including prompt attention, access to social support networks during care, quality of basic amenities and choice of provider). Fairness of financial contribution means that every household pays a fair share of the total health bill for a country (which may mean that very poor households pay nothing at all). This implies that everyone is protected from financial risks due to health care. The measurement of performance relates goal attainment to the resources available. Variation in performance is a function of the way in which the health system organizes four key functions: stewardship (a broader concept than regulation); financing (including revenue collection, fund pooling and purchasing); service provision (for personal and non-personal health services); and resource generation (including personnel, facilities and knowledge). By investigating these four functions and how they combine, it is possible not only to understand the proximate determinants of health system performance, but also to contemplate major policy challenges.

  10. The effectiveness of a mail reminder system for depot medroxyprogesterone injections.

    PubMed

    Madlon-Kay, D J

    1996-04-01

    To determine if a mail reminder system leads to an increase in the percentage of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) injections administered on time, the charts of 184 women were reviewed. The reminder postcard included the due dates of both the next medroxyprogesterone injection and the next Papanicolaou test. Timeliness of injections improved with the reminder system from 64% administered on time to 76% (P < .02). Injections given late despite the reminders were late a mean of 8 days. Injections given late before the reminder system began were late a mean of 20 days (P < .05). If injections given during the injection's 14-day "grace" period are included, the on-time rate improved from 87% to 96% with the reminder system (P < .005). The reminder system was not effective in ensuring annual Papanicolaou testing. Vigilance is needed to ensure that women receiving medroxyprogesterone injections also receive timely Papanicolaou testing.

  11. 48 CFR 7.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... produce quality systems. This includes ensuring that only necessary and cost-effective requirements are... that involve redesign of systems or subsystems. Life-cycle cost means the total cost to the Government...

  12. 48 CFR 7.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... produce quality systems. This includes ensuring that only necessary and cost-effective requirements are... that involve redesign of systems or subsystems. Life-cycle cost means the total cost to the Government...

  13. 40 CFR 202.10 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... exhaust system gas flow so as to discharge the exhaust gas and acoustic energy to the atmosphere without passing through the entire length of the exhaust system, including all exhaust system sound attenuation... system means the system comprised of a combination of components which provides for enclosed flow of...

  14. 32 CFR 651.4 - Responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...) and Materiel Fielding Plans, Demilitarization/Disposal Plans, system engineering reviews/Integrated... (including NEPA) into the system acquisition strategy, milestone review planning, system engineering, and... copy and make this guidance available on the World Wide Web (WWW) and other electronic means. (13...

  15. Reduction of vibration by using mechatronical subsystem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Białas, K.; Buchacz, A.

    2015-11-01

    The primary aim introduced in this paper is synthesis of mechatronical system understand as planning of this type of systems. Mechatronical system is consisted of fundamental mechanical system and subsystem reducing vibration including electric elements. Fundamental system is received applying reverse task of dynamic (synthesis) and it's including inertial and elastic elements. The subsystem includes electric elements by means moving-coil transducer. The synthesis can also be used to change the already existing systems. Due to the method, introduced in this work, may be performed as early as whilst the designing of future functions. Using this way of designing is support for designers of mechanical systems with active reducing of vibrations.

  16. [Comparison of three stand-level biomass estimation methods].

    PubMed

    Dong, Li Hu; Li, Feng Ri

    2016-12-01

    At present, the forest biomass methods of regional scale attract most of attention of the researchers, and developing the stand-level biomass model is popular. Based on the forestry inventory data of larch plantation (Larix olgensis) in Jilin Province, we used non-linear seemly unrelated regression (NSUR) to estimate the parameters in two additive system of stand-level biomass equations, i.e., stand-level biomass equations including the stand variables and stand biomass equations including the biomass expansion factor (i.e., Model system 1 and Model system 2), listed the constant biomass expansion factor for larch plantation and compared the prediction accuracy of three stand-level biomass estimation methods. The results indicated that for two additive system of biomass equations, the adjusted coefficient of determination (R a 2 ) of the total and stem equations was more than 0.95, the root mean squared error (RMSE), the mean prediction error (MPE) and the mean absolute error (MAE) were smaller. The branch and foliage biomass equations were worse than total and stem biomass equations, and the adjusted coefficient of determination (R a 2 ) was less than 0.95. The prediction accuracy of a constant biomass expansion factor was relatively lower than the prediction accuracy of Model system 1 and Model system 2. Overall, although stand-level biomass equation including the biomass expansion factor belonged to the volume-derived biomass estimation method, and was different from the stand biomass equations including stand variables in essence, but the obtained prediction accuracy of the two methods was similar. The constant biomass expansion factor had the lower prediction accuracy, and was inappropriate. In addition, in order to make the model parameter estimation more effective, the established stand-level biomass equations should consider the additivity in a system of all tree component biomass and total biomass equations.

  17. 48 CFR 252.215-7002 - Cost estimating system requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Department of Defense to rely upon information produced by the system that is needed for management purposes... management systems; and (4) Is subject to applicable financial control systems. Estimating system means the... estimates of costs and other data included in proposals submitted to customers in the expectation of...

  18. 5 CFR 430.303 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ..., including customers and employees. Critical element means a key component of an executive's work that.... Performance management system means the framework of policies and practices that an agency establishes under..., developing, evaluating, and rewarding both individual and organizational performance and for using resulting...

  19. 5 CFR 430.303 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ..., including customers and employees. Critical element means a key component of an executive's work that.... Performance management system means the framework of policies and practices that an agency establishes under..., developing, evaluating, and rewarding both individual and organizational performance and for using resulting...

  20. 5 CFR 430.303 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ..., including customers and employees. Critical element means a key component of an executive's work that.... Performance management system means the framework of policies and practices that an agency establishes under..., developing, evaluating, and rewarding both individual and organizational performance and for using resulting...

  1. 48 CFR 39.002 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... CONTRACTING ACQUISITION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 39.002 Definitions. As used in this part— Modular contracting means use of one or more contracts to acquire information technology systems in successive... technology, means that the information technology accurately processes date/time data (including, but not...

  2. Autoantibody response to adjuvant and nonadjuvant H1N1 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus.

    PubMed

    Urowitz, Murray B; Anton, Anoja; Ibanez, Dominique; Gladman, Dafna D

    2011-11-01

    It has been reported that influenza vaccination increases autoantibody production and/or disease activity in a significant proportion of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). During the recent H1N1 epidemic, we investigated whether the use of adjuvant- and nonadjuvant-containing H1N1 vaccine induced increased autoantibody production in patients with SLE. Patients with SLE who received H1N1 vaccination and had a battery of 9 autoantibodies tested before and 1 and 3 months after vaccination were included. Antibodies tested included rheumatoid factor (nephelometry), antinuclear antibody (immunofluorescence), anti-DNA (Farr), anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-Ro, anti-La, anti-Scl-70, and anti-Jo-1 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Patients were evaluated by standard protocol, including items necessary to calculate the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index. Descriptive statistics and McNemar's test were performed to evaluate change in antibody positivity. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to adjust for repeated measures in the comparisons of autoantibodies over visits and vaccine types. One hundred three patients (94 women, 9 men) with a mean ± SD age at vaccination of 43.9 ± 15.2 years and a mean ± SD disease duration of 14.2 ± 11.0 years were included. Fifty-one patients received adjuvant and 52 received nonadjuvant vaccines. Antibody testing was performed a mean of 1.9 months prior to the vaccination. The first postvaccination sample was taken a mean of 1 month after vaccination and the second a mean of 3.5 months after vaccination. The percentage of patients with changes in antibodies following vaccination was not statistically significant for most antibodies. After adjusting for the number of tests performed, none of the associations was significant. H1N1 vaccination (both adjuvant and nonadjuvant) did not increase the levels of autoantibodies in patients with SLE. Copyright © 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology.

  3. Multistation refrigeration system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wiebe, E. R. (Inventor)

    1978-01-01

    A closed cycle refrigeration (CCR) system is disclosed for providing cooling at different parts of a maser. The CCR includes a first station for cooling the maser's parts, except the amplifier portion, to 4.5 K. The CCR further includes means with a 3.0 K station for cooling the maser's amplifier to 3.0 K and, thereby, increases the maser's gain and/or bandwith by a significant factor. The means which provide the 3.0 K cooling include a pressure regulator, heat exchangers, an expansion valve, and a vacuum pump, which coact to cause helium, provided from a compressor, to liquefy and thereafter expand so as to vaporize. The heat of vaporization for the helium is provided by the maser amplifier, which is thereby cooled to 3.0 K.

  4. Electronic scanning pressure measuring system and transducer package

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Coe, C. F. (Inventor); Parra, G. T.

    1984-01-01

    An electronic scanning pressure system that includes a plurality of pressure transducers is examined. A means obtains an electrical signal indicative of a pressure measurement from each of the plurality of pressure transducers. A multiplexing means is connected for selectivity supplying inputs from the plurality of pressure transducers to the signal obtaining means. A data bus connects the plurality of pressure transducers to the multiplexing means. A latch circuit is connected to supply control inputs to the multiplexing means. An address bus is connected to supply an address signal of a selected one of the plurality of pressure transducers to the latch circuit. In operation, each of the pressure transducers is successively scanned by the multiplexing means in response to address signals supplied on the address bus to the latch circuit.

  5. Electronic filters, hearing aids and methods

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Engebretson, A. Maynard (Inventor)

    1995-01-01

    An electronic filter for an electroacoustic system. The system has a microphone for generating an electrical output from external sounds and an electrically driven transducer for emitting sound. Some of the sound emitted by the transducer returns to the microphone means to add a feedback contribution to its electrical output. The electronic filter includes a first circuit for electronic processing of the electrical output of the microphone to produce a first signal. An adaptive filter, interconnected with the first circuit, performs electronic processing of the first signal to produce an adaptive output to the first circuit to substantially offset the feedback contribution in the electrical output of the microphone, and the adaptive filter includes means for adapting only in response to polarities of signals supplied to and from the first circuit. Other electronic filters for hearing aids, public address systems and other electroacoustic systems, as well as such systems and methods of operating them are also disclosed.

  6. Electronic filters, hearing aids and methods

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Engebretson, A. Maynard (Inventor); O'Connell, Michael P. (Inventor); Zheng, Baohua (Inventor)

    1991-01-01

    An electronic filter for an electroacoustic system. The system has a microphone for generating an electrical output from external sounds and an electrically driven transducer for emitting sound. Some of the sound emitted by the transducer returns to the microphone means to add a feedback contribution to its electical output. The electronic filter includes a first circuit for electronic processing of the electrical output of the microphone to produce a filtered signal. An adaptive filter, interconnected with the first circuit, performs electronic processing of the filtered signal to produce an adaptive output to the first circuit to substantially offset the feedback contribution in the electrical output of the microphone, and the adaptive filter includes means for adapting only in response to polarities of signals supplied to and from the first circuit. Other electronic filters for hearing aids, public address systems and other electroacoustic systems, as well as such systems, and methods of operating them are also disclosed.

  7. System for creating on site, remote from a sterile environment, parenteral solutions

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Finley, Mike (Inventor); Scharf, Mike (Inventor); Packard, Jeff (Inventor); Kipp, Jim (Inventor); Dudar, Tom (Inventor); Owens, Jim (Inventor); Bindokas, Al (Inventor)

    1996-01-01

    The present invention provides a system and method for creating on site, remote from a sterile environment, parenteral solutions in large volume parenteral containers for intravenous administration to a patient. In an embodiment, this system comprises an empty large volume container including at least one port for accessing an interior of the container. The port includes a sterilizing filter for sterilizing a fluid fed through the port into the container. A second container is provided including a solute and having means for coupling the second container to the large volume container and thereby providing fluid communication therebetween allowing the solute to be received within the interior of the container. A sterile water source is also provided including means for placing the sterile water source in fluid communication with the port and allowing water to flow from the sterile water source into the interior of the container. This allows the solute, and sterile water that has been fed through the filter, to create a parenteral solution in the large volume parenteral container.

  8. 5 CFR 430.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ..., evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as..., as determined by the application of a certified appraisal system. Senior employee means a senior... Performance Appraisal Certification for Pay Purposes § 430.402 Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system...

  9. 5 CFR 430.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ..., evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as..., as determined by the application of a certified appraisal system. Senior employee means a senior... Performance Appraisal Certification for Pay Purposes § 430.402 Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system...

  10. 5 CFR 430.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ..., evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as..., as determined by the application of a certified appraisal system. Senior employee means a senior... Performance Appraisal Certification for Pay Purposes § 430.402 Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system...

  11. 5 CFR 430.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ..., evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as..., as determined by the application of a certified appraisal system. Senior employee means a senior... Performance Appraisal Certification for Pay Purposes § 430.402 Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system...

  12. Fuel injection and mixing systems and methods of using the same

    DOEpatents

    Mao, Chien-Pei; Short, John

    2010-08-03

    A fuel injection and mixing system is provided. The system includes an injector body having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, and defines a fuel flow path between the inlet and outlet. The fuel flow path may include a generally helical flow passage having an inlet end portion disposed proximate the fuel inlet of the injector body. The flow path also may include an expansion chamber downstream from and in fluid communication with the helical flow passage, as well as a fuel delivery device in fluid communication with the expansion chamber for delivering fuel. Heating means is also provided in thermal communication with the injector body. The heating means may be adapted and configured for maintaining the injector body at a predetermined temperature to heat fuel traversing the flow path. A method of preheating and delivering fuel is also provided.

  13. Rupture disc

    DOEpatents

    Newton, Robert G.

    1977-01-01

    The intermediate heat transport system for a sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor includes a device for rapidly draining the sodium therefrom should a sodium-water reaction occur within the system. This device includes a rupturable member in a drain line in the system and means for cutting a large opening therein and for positively removing the sheared-out portion from the opening cut in the rupturable member. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention the rupturable member includes a solid head seated in the end of the drain line having a rim extending peripherally therearound, the rim being clamped against the end of the drain line by a clamp ring having an interior shearing edge, the bottom of the rupturable member being convex and extending into the drain line. Means are provided to draw the rupturable member away from the drain line against the shearing edge to clear the drain line for outflow of sodium therethrough.

  14. Mean link versus average plaquette tadpoles in lattice NRQCD

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shakespeare, Norman H.; Trottier, Howard D.

    1999-03-01

    We compare mean-link and average plaquette tadpole renormalization schemes in the context of the quarkonium hyperfine splittings in lattice NRQCD. Simulations are done for the three quarkonium systems c overlinec, b overlinec, and b overlineb. The hyperfine splittings are computed both at leading and at next-to-leading order in the relativistic expansion. Results are obtained at a large number of lattice spacings. A number of features emerge, all of which favor tadpole renormalization using mean links. This includes much better scaling of the hyperfine splittings in the three quarkonium systems. We also find that relativistic corrections to the spin splittings are smaller with mean-link tadpoles, particularly for the c overlinec and b overlinec systems. We also see signs of a breakdown in the NRQCD expansion when the bare quark mass falls below about one in lattice units (with the bare quark masses turning out to be much larger with mean-link tadpoles).

  15. Monopropellant combustion system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Berg, Gerald R. (Inventor); Mueller, Donn C. (Inventor); Parish, Mark W. (Inventor)

    2005-01-01

    An apparatus and method are provided for decomposition of a propellant. The propellant includes an ionic salt and an additional fuel. Means are provided for decomposing a major portion of the ionic salt. Means are provided for combusting the additional fuel and decomposition products of the ionic salt.

  16. 24 CFR 3280.702 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... conditioning self contained system means a comfort cooling appliance combining the condenser section... assembly composed of listed factory-built components assembled in accordance with the terms of listing to... means that portion of a manufactured home heater flue or vent assembly, including the cap, insulating...

  17. 46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program means a...

  18. 46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program means a...

  19. System Specification for ADA Integrated Environment Type A AIE(1).

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-11-12

    includes program library support tools and the linker. The program library is the means by which the AIE supports independent, modular program development...KAPSE TUOL COMMUNICATION Package KAPSE-KAPS ECOMMUNICATION (KAPSE.RTS) (Most of it, except the "Language-Defined Packages" CPC) The overall...including classification of errors by severity; 5. perform optimizations for timing and/or space, without changing the functional meaning of a program by the

  20. Dry low combustion system with means for eliminating combustion noise

    DOEpatents

    Verdouw, Albert J.; Smith, Duane; McCormick, Keith; Razdan, Mohan K.

    2004-02-17

    A combustion system including a plurality of axially staged tubular premixers to control emissions and minimize combustion noise. The combustion system includes a radial inflow premixer that delivers the combustion mixture across a contoured dome into the combustion chamber. The axially staged premixers having a twist mixing apparatus to rotate the fluid flow and cause improved mixing without causing flow recirculation that could lead to pre-ignition or flashback.

  1. 14 CFR 121.313 - Miscellaneous equipment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... from its primary operating system to an alternate system, the means must include a positive positioning...) AIR CARRIERS AND OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS OPERATING... equivalent for each pilot station. (c) A power supply and distribution system that meets the requirements of...

  2. 14 CFR 121.313 - Miscellaneous equipment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... from its primary operating system to an alternate system, the means must include a positive positioning...) AIR CARRIERS AND OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS OPERATING... equivalent for each pilot station. (c) A power supply and distribution system that meets the requirements of...

  3. Development and validation of climate change system thinking instrument (CCSTI) for measuring system thinking on climate change content

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Meilinda; Rustaman, N. Y.; Firman, H.; Tjasyono, B.

    2018-05-01

    The Climate Change System Thinking Instrument (CCSTI) is developed to measure a system thinking ability in the concept of climate change. CCSTI is developed in four phase’s development including instrument draft development, validation and evaluation including readable material test, expert validation, and field test. The result of field test is analyzed by looking at the readability score in Cronbach’s alpha test. Draft instrument is tested on college students majoring in Biology Education, Physics Education, and Chemistry Education randomly with a total number of 80 college students. Score of Content Validation Index at 0.86, which means that the CCSTI developed are categorized as very appropriate with question indicators and Cronbach’s alpha about 0.605 which mean categorized undesirable to minimal acceptable. From 45 questions of system thinking, there are 37 valid questions spread in four indicators of system thinking, which are system thinking phase I (pre-requirement), system thinking phase II (basic), system thinking phase III (intermediate), and system thinking phase IV (coherent expert).

  4. 40 CFR 141.801 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... all of the aircraft it owns or operates that are public water systems comply with all provisions of.... Aircraft water system means an aircraft that qualifies as a public water system under the Safe Drinking... system include the water service panel, the filler neck of the aircraft finished water storage tank, and...

  5. 40 CFR 141.801 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... all of the aircraft it owns or operates that are public water systems comply with all provisions of.... Aircraft water system means an aircraft that qualifies as a public water system under the Safe Drinking... system include the water service panel, the filler neck of the aircraft finished water storage tank, and...

  6. 40 CFR 141.801 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... all of the aircraft it owns or operates that are public water systems comply with all provisions of.... Aircraft water system means an aircraft that qualifies as a public water system under the Safe Drinking... system include the water service panel, the filler neck of the aircraft finished water storage tank, and...

  7. 40 CFR 141.801 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... all of the aircraft it owns or operates that are public water systems comply with all provisions of.... Aircraft water system means an aircraft that qualifies as a public water system under the Safe Drinking... system include the water service panel, the filler neck of the aircraft finished water storage tank, and...

  8. 40 CFR 141.801 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... all of the aircraft it owns or operates that are public water systems comply with all provisions of.... Aircraft water system means an aircraft that qualifies as a public water system under the Safe Drinking... system include the water service panel, the filler neck of the aircraft finished water storage tank, and...

  9. 46 CFR 189.55-5 - Plans and specifications required for new construction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., the arrangement of the alarm and extinguishing systems, the fire extinguishers, means of access to... other fire control features. (3) Details of alarm systems. (4) Details of extinguishing systems, including fire mains, carbon dioxide, clean agent, foam, and sprinkling systems. (e) Marine engineering. For...

  10. 46 CFR 189.55-5 - Plans and specifications required for new construction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., the arrangement of the alarm and extinguishing systems, the fire extinguishers, means of access to... other fire control features. (3) Details of alarm systems. (4) Details of extinguishing systems, including fire mains, carbon dioxide, clean agent, foam, and sprinkling systems. (e) Marine engineering. For...

  11. Analytical simulation of SPS system performance, volume 3, phase 3

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kantak, A. V.; Lindsey, W. C.

    1980-01-01

    The simulation model for the Solar Power Satellite spaceantenna and the associated system imperfections are described. Overall power transfer efficiency, the key performance issue, is discussed as a function of the system imperfections. Other system performance measures discussed include average power pattern, mean beam gain reduction, and pointing error.

  12. Groundwater monitoring system

    DOEpatents

    Ames, Kenneth R.; Doesburg, James M.; Eschbach, Eugene A.; Kelley, Roy C.; Myers, David A.

    1987-01-01

    A groundwater monitoring system includes a bore, a well casing within and spaced from the bore, and a pump within the casing. A water impermeable seal between the bore and the well casing prevents surface contamination from entering the pump. Above the ground surface is a removable operating means which is connected to the pump piston by a flexible cord. A protective casing extends above ground and has a removable cover. After a groundwater sample has been taken, the cord is disconnected from the operating means. The operating means is removed for taking away, the cord is placed within the protective casing, and the cover closed and locked. The system is thus protected from contamination, as well as from damage by accident or vandalism.

  13. 10 CFR 963.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the sealing of shafts and ramps, except those openings that may be designed for ventilation or... repository, as defined by this section, at the Yucca Mountain site. Design means a description of the... includes the engineered barrier system. Design bases means that information that identifies the specific...

  14. 10 CFR 963.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... the sealing of shafts and ramps, except those openings that may be designed for ventilation or... repository, as defined by this section, at the Yucca Mountain site. Design means a description of the... includes the engineered barrier system. Design bases means that information that identifies the specific...

  15. 10 CFR 963.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... the sealing of shafts and ramps, except those openings that may be designed for ventilation or... repository, as defined by this section, at the Yucca Mountain site. Design means a description of the... includes the engineered barrier system. Design bases means that information that identifies the specific...

  16. 10 CFR 963.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the sealing of shafts and ramps, except those openings that may be designed for ventilation or... repository, as defined by this section, at the Yucca Mountain site. Design means a description of the... includes the engineered barrier system. Design bases means that information that identifies the specific...

  17. 10 CFR 963.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... the sealing of shafts and ramps, except those openings that may be designed for ventilation or... repository, as defined by this section, at the Yucca Mountain site. Design means a description of the... includes the engineered barrier system. Design bases means that information that identifies the specific...

  18. 25 CFR 515.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence. (b) Maintain means maintain... individual that is maintained by the Commission, including education, financial transactions, medical history... print, or a photograph. (d) System of records means a group of any records under the control of the...

  19. Slag processing system for direct coal-fired gas turbines

    DOEpatents

    Pillsbury, Paul W.

    1990-01-01

    Direct coal-fired gas turbine systems and methods for their operation are provided by this invention. The systems include a primary combustion compartment coupled to an impact separator for removing molten slag from hot combustion gases. Quenching means are provided for solidifying the molten slag removed by the impact separator, and processing means are provided forming a slurry from the solidified slag for facilitating removal of the solidified slag from the system. The released hot combustion gases, substantially free of molten slag, are then ducted to a lean combustion compartment and then to an expander section of a gas turbine.

  20. Hydrogen gas relief valve

    DOEpatents

    Whittlesey, Curtis C.

    1985-01-01

    An improved battery stack design for an electrochemical system having at least one cell from which a gas is generated and an electrolyte in communication with the cell is described. The improved battery stack design features means for defining a substantially closed compartment for containing the battery cells and at least a portion of the electrolyte for the system, and means in association with the compartment means for selectively venting gas from the interior of the compartment means in response to the level of the electrolyte within the compartment means. The venting means includes a relief valve having a float member which is actuated in response to the level of the electrolyte within the compartment means. This float member is adapted to close the relief valve when the level of the electrolyte is above a predetermined level and open the relief valve when the level of electrolyte is below this predetermined level.

  1. 23 CFR 972.214 - Federal lands congestion management system (CMS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... management strategies; (v) Determine methods to monitor and evaluate the performance of the multi-modal... means the level at which transportation system performance is no longer acceptable due to traffic... improve existing transportation system efficiency. Approaches may include the use of alternate mode...

  2. 23 CFR 972.214 - Federal lands congestion management system (CMS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... management strategies; (v) Determine methods to monitor and evaluate the performance of the multi-modal... means the level at which transportation system performance is no longer acceptable due to traffic... improve existing transportation system efficiency. Approaches may include the use of alternate mode...

  3. 5 CFR 430.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ..., evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as defined at § 430.203 and performance management systems as defined at § 430.303. GPRA means the Government... Performance Appraisal Certification for Pay Purposes § 430.402 Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system...

  4. Mean-field hierarchical equations for some A+BC catalytic reaction models

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cortés, Joaquín; Puschmann, Heinrich; Valencia, Eliana

    1998-10-01

    A mean-field study of the (A+BC→AC+1/2B2) system is developed from hierarchical equations, considering mechanisms that include dissociation, reaction with finite rates, desorption, and diffusion of the adsorbed species. The phase diagrams are compared to Monte Carlo simulations.

  5. 40 CFR 63.10692 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... blown into molten steel for further refining. Capture system means the equipment (including ducts, hoods... furnace that produces molten steel and heats the charge materials with electric arcs from carbon... furnace (EAF) steelmaking facility means a steel plant that produces carbon, alloy, or specialty steels...

  6. 40 CFR 63.10692 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... blown into molten steel for further refining. Capture system means the equipment (including ducts, hoods... furnace that produces molten steel and heats the charge materials with electric arcs from carbon... furnace (EAF) steelmaking facility means a steel plant that produces carbon, alloy, or specialty steels...

  7. 40 CFR 63.10692 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... blown into molten steel for further refining. Capture system means the equipment (including ducts, hoods... furnace that produces molten steel and heats the charge materials with electric arcs from carbon... furnace (EAF) steelmaking facility means a steel plant that produces carbon, alloy, or specialty steels...

  8. Identification and Description of Alternative Means of Accomplishing IMS Operational Features.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dave, Ashok

    The operational features of feasible alternative configurations for a computer-based instructional management system are identified. Potential alternative means and components of accomplishing these features are briefly described. Included are aspects of data collection, data input, data transmission, data reception, scanning and processing,…

  9. 22 CFR 1507.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... thereof. (e) The term individual means any citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted to... Foundation, including but not limited to information regarding education, financial transactions, medical... individual, such as a finger or voiceprint. (b) System of Records means a group of any records under the...

  10. Dual nozzle single pump fuel injection system

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gonzalez, C.

    1992-02-25

    This patent describes an improvement in a fuel injection system in a stratified charge hybrid internal combustion engine including a main combustion chamber, a precombustion chamber connected with the main chamber, fuel injectors in the main combustion chamber and precombustion chamber which open at higher and lower pressure levels respectively to sequentially inject fuel into the prechamber and the main chamber, timed spark ignition means in the prechamber for ignition of the fuel-air mixture therein, and an engine driven and timed fuel injection pump having a variable output capacity that varies with power level position, the injection pump is suppliedmore » by a low pressure charging pump. The improvement comprises: a shuttle valve including a bore therein; a shuttle spool means positioned within the bore defining a prechamber supply chamber on one side thereof and a spool activation chamber on the opposite side thereof the spool means having a first and second position; biasing means urging the spool towards it first position with the spool actuation chamber at its minimum volume; first conduit means connecting charging pressure to the prechamber supply camber in the first position oil the spool means; second conduit means connecting the injection pump to spool actuation chamber; third conduit means connecting the spool actuating chamber with the main injector; forth conduit means connecting the prechamber supply chamber with the prechamber injector; the initial charge from the injection pump actuates the spool means from its fir to its second position.« less

  11. Geometric relationships for homogenization in single-phase binary alloy systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Unnam, J.; Tenney, D. R.; Stein, B. A.

    1978-01-01

    A semiempirical relationship is presented which describes the extent of interaction between constituents in single-phase binary alloy systems having planar, cylindrical, or spherical interfaces. This relationship makes possible a quick estimate of the extent of interaction without lengthy numerical calculations. It includes two parameters which are functions of mean concentration and interface geometry. Experimental data for the copper-nickel system are included to demonstrate the usefulness of this relationship.

  12. Flexible robotic actuators

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Morin, Stephen A.; Shepherd, Robert F.; Stokes, Adam

    Systems and methods for providing flexible robotic actuators are disclosed. Some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter include a soft robot capable of providing a radial deflection motions; a soft tentacle actuator capable of providing a variety of motions and providing transportation means for various types of materials; and a hybrid robotic system that retains desirable characteristics of both soft robots and hard robots. Some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter also include methods for operating the disclosed robotic systems.

  13. 5 CFR 1330.402 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Definitions. In this subpart— Appraisal system means the policies, practices, and procedures an agency... authority, for planning, monitoring, developing, evaluating, and rewarding employee performance. This includes appraisal systems and appraisal programs as defined at § 430.203 and performance management...

  14. Mean-square state and parameter estimation for stochastic linear systems with Gaussian and Poisson noises

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Basin, M.; Maldonado, J. J.; Zendejo, O.

    2016-07-01

    This paper proposes new mean-square filter and parameter estimator design for linear stochastic systems with unknown parameters over linear observations, where unknown parameters are considered as combinations of Gaussian and Poisson white noises. The problem is treated by reducing the original problem to a filtering problem for an extended state vector that includes parameters as additional states, modelled as combinations of independent Gaussian and Poisson processes. The solution to this filtering problem is based on the mean-square filtering equations for incompletely polynomial states confused with Gaussian and Poisson noises over linear observations. The resulting mean-square filter serves as an identifier for the unknown parameters. Finally, a simulation example shows effectiveness of the proposed mean-square filter and parameter estimator.

  15. Mean-field approaches to the totally asymmetric exclusion process with quenched disorder and large particles

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shaw, Leah B.; Sethna, James P.; Lee, Kelvin H.

    2004-08-01

    The process of protein synthesis in biological systems resembles a one-dimensional driven lattice gas in which the particles (ribosomes) have spatial extent, covering more than one lattice site. Realistic, nonuniform gene sequences lead to quenched disorder in the particle hopping rates. We study the totally asymmetric exclusion process with large particles and quenched disorder via several mean-field approaches and compare the mean-field results with Monte Carlo simulations. Mean-field equations obtained from the literature are found to be reasonably effective in describing this system. A numerical technique is developed for computing the particle current rapidly. The mean-field approach is extended to include two-point correlations between adjacent sites. The two-point results are found to match Monte Carlo simulations more closely.

  16. 12 CFR 213.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM CONSUMER LEASING... Reserve System. (d) Closed-end lease means a consumer lease other than an open-end lease as defined in...)). It also does not include a lease for agricultural, business, or commercial purposes or a lease made...

  17. 46 CFR 58.25-5 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... equipment, other than the required control systems and power actuating systems, that either is not required, such as automatic pilot or non-followup control from the pilothouse, or is necessary to perform a... including a tiller, quadrant, or other component serving the same purpose. Control system means the...

  18. 46 CFR 58.25-5 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... equipment, other than the required control systems and power actuating systems, that either is not required, such as automatic pilot or non-followup control from the pilothouse, or is necessary to perform a... including a tiller, quadrant, or other component serving the same purpose. Control system means the...

  19. 14 CFR 27.1189 - Shutoff means.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...— (1) Lines, fittings, and components forming an intergral part of an engine; (2) For oil systems for which all components of the system, including oil tanks, are fireproof or located in areas not subject to engine fire conditions; and (3) For reciprocating engine installations only, engine oil system...

  20. Modeling and simulation for space medicine operations: preliminary requirements considered

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dawson, D. L.; Billica, R. D.; McDonald, P. V.

    2001-01-01

    The NASA Space Medicine program is now developing plans for more extensive use of high-fidelity medical simulation systems. The use of simulation is seen as means to more effectively use the limited time available for astronaut medical training. Training systems should be adaptable for use in a variety of training environments, including classrooms or laboratories, space vehicle mockups, analog environments, and in microgravity. Modeling and simulation can also provide the space medicine development program a mechanism for evaluation of other medical technologies under operationally realistic conditions. Systems and procedures need preflight verification with ground-based testing. Traditionally, component testing has been accomplished, but practical means for "human in the loop" verification of patient care systems have been lacking. Medical modeling and simulation technology offer potential means to accomplish such validation work. Initial considerations in the development of functional requirements and design standards for simulation systems for space medicine are discussed.

  1. Requirements for Modeling and Simulation for Space Medicine Operations: Preliminary Considerations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dawson, David L.; Billica, Roger D.; Logan, James; McDonald, P. Vernon

    2001-01-01

    The NASA Space Medicine program is now developing plans for more extensive use of high-fidelity medical Simulation systems. The use of simulation is seen as means to more effectively use the limited time available for astronaut medical training. Training systems should be adaptable for use in a variety of training environments, including classrooms or laboratories, space vehicle mockups, analog environments, and in microgravity. Modeling and simulation can also provide the space medicine development program a mechanism for evaluation of other medical technologies under operationally realistic conditions. Systems and procedures need preflight verification with ground-based testing. Traditionally, component testing has been accomplished, but practical means for "human in the loop" verification of patient care systems have been lacking. Medical modeling and simulation technology offer potential means to accomplish such validation work. Initial considerations in the development of functional requirements and design standards for simulation systems for space medicine are discussed.

  2. 24 CFR 3280.702 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... means that portion of a refrigerated air cooling or (in the case of a heat pump) heating system which includes the refrigerant pump (compressor) and the external heat exchanger. Air conditioning evaporator section means a heat exchanger used to cool or (in the case of a heat pump) heat air for use in comfort...

  3. 40 CFR 60.391 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... truck including hoods, fenders, cargo boxes, doors, and grill opening panels. Bake oven means a device...-duty truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank or spray booth) and the bake oven. Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off area and bake oven(s) which are...

  4. 40 CFR 60.391 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... truck including hoods, fenders, cargo boxes, doors, and grill opening panels. Bake oven means a device...-duty truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank or spray booth) and the bake oven. Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off area and bake oven(s) which are...

  5. 40 CFR 60.391 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... truck including hoods, fenders, cargo boxes, doors, and grill opening panels. Bake oven means a device...-duty truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank or spray booth) and the bake oven. Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off area and bake oven(s) which are...

  6. 40 CFR 60.391 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... truck including hoods, fenders, cargo boxes, doors, and grill opening panels. Bake oven means a device...-duty truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank or spray booth) and the bake oven. Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off area and bake oven(s) which are...

  7. 40 CFR 60.391 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... truck including hoods, fenders, cargo boxes, doors, and grill opening panels. Bake oven means a device...-duty truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank or spray booth) and the bake oven. Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off area and bake oven(s) which are...

  8. 36 CFR 903.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday. (d) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully... agency, including, but not limited to, his or her education, financial transactions, medical history, and.... (g) The term system of records means a group of records under the control of an agency from which...

  9. 47 CFR 0.551 - Purpose and scope; definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ...: (1) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent... maintained by the Commission, including but not limited to, such individual's education, financial... finger or voice print or a photograph. (3) System of Records means a group of records under the control...

  10. 5 CFR 2412.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... purposes of this part— (a) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted... Authority, the General Counsel and the Panel including, but not limited to, the individual's education..., such as a finger or voice print or a photograph. (d) System of records means a group of any records...

  11. 11 CFR 9410.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Vote Act of 2002, 42 U.S.C. 15323. Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully... Commission including, but not limited to, his or her education, financial transactions, medical history, and... a photograph. Systems of records means a group of any records under the control of the Commission...

  12. 42 CFR 495.302 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... management information system (MMIS) means a mechanized claims processing and information retrieval system—referred to as Medicaid Management Information Systems (MMIS)—that meets specified requirements and that... include claims processing and retrieval of utilization and management information necessary for program...

  13. Feasibility of TBI Assessment Measures in a Field Environment: A Pilot Study for the Environmental Sensors in Training (ESiT) Project

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-12-22

    included assessments and instruments, descriptive statistics were calculated. Independent-samples t-tests were conducted using participant survey scores...integrity tests within a multimodal system. Both conditions included the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) and an Ease-of-Use survey . Mean scores...for the Ease-of-Use survey and mean test administration times for each measure were compared. Administrative feedback was also considered for

  14. Recent modifications and calibration of the Langley low-turbulence pressure tunnel

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mcghee, R. J.; Beasley, W. D.; Foster, J. M.

    1984-01-01

    Modifications to the Langley Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel are presented and a calibration of the mean flow parameters in the test section is provided. Also included are the operational capability of the tunnel and typical test results for both single-element and multi-element airfoils. Modifications to the facility consisted of the following: replacement of the original cooling coils and antiturbulence screens and addition of a tunnel-shell heating system, a two dimensional model-support and force-balance system, a sidewall boundary layer control system, a remote-controlled survey apparatus, and a new data acquisition system. A calibration of the mean flow parameters in the test section was conducted over the complete operational range of the tunnel. The calibration included dynamic-pressure measurements, Mach number distributions, flow-angularity measurements, boundary-layer characteristics, and total-pressure profiles. In addition, test-section turbulence measurements made after the tunnel modifications have been included with these calibration data to show a comparison of existing turbulence levels with data obtained for the facility in 1941 with the original screen installation.

  15. The impact of stack geometry and mean pressure on cold end temperature of stack in thermoacoustic refrigeration systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wantha, Channarong

    2018-02-01

    This paper reports on the experimental and simulation studies of the influence of stack geometries and different mean pressures on the cold end temperature of the stack in the thermoacoustic refrigeration system. The stack geometry was tested, including spiral stack, circular pore stack and pin array stack. The results of this study show that the mean pressure of the gas in the system has a significant impact on the cold end temperature of the stack. The mean pressure of the gas in the system corresponds to thermal penetration depth, which results in a better cold end temperature of the stack. The results also show that the cold end temperature of the pin array stack decreases more than that of the spiral stack and circular pore stack geometry by approximately 63% and 70%, respectively. In addition, the thermal area and viscous area of the stack are analyzed to explain the results of such temperatures of thermoacoustic stacks.

  16. 48 CFR 2452.239-70 - Access to HUD systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    .... 2452.239-70 Section 2452.239-70 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN... secret in the interest of national defense or foreign policy. System means an interconnected set of... investigation (NACI or other OPM-required or approved investigation), including an FBI National Criminal History...

  17. 15 CFR 762.5 - Reproduction of original records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... readability mean the quality of a group of letters or numerals being recognized as complete words or numbers.) (4) The system must preserve the initial image (including both obverse and reverse sides of paper... images. For systems based on the storage of digital images, the system must provide accessibility to any...

  18. 15 CFR 762.5 - Reproduction of original records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... readability mean the quality of a group of letters or numerals being recognized as complete words or numbers.) (4) The system must preserve the initial image (including both obverse and reverse sides of paper... images. For systems based on the storage of digital images, the system must provide accessibility to any...

  19. 15 CFR 762.5 - Reproduction of original records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... readability mean the quality of a group of letters or numerals being recognized as complete words or numbers.) (4) The system must preserve the initial image (including both obverse and reverse sides of paper... images. For systems based on the storage of digital images, the system must provide accessibility to any...

  20. 15 CFR 762.5 - Reproduction of original records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... readability mean the quality of a group of letters or numerals being recognized as complete words or numbers.) (4) The system must preserve the initial image (including both obverse and reverse sides of paper... images. For systems based on the storage of digital images, the system must provide accessibility to any...

  1. Graphic Representation of Carbon Dioxide Equilibria in Biological Systems.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kindig, Neal B.; Filley, Giles F.

    1983-01-01

    The log C-pH diagram is a useful means of displaying quantitatively the many variables (including temperature) that determine acid-base equilibria in biological systems. Presents the diagram as extended to open/closed biological systems and derives a new water-ion balance method for determining equilibrium pH. (JN)

  2. An Interactive Graphics Program for Investigating Digital Signal Processing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Billy K.; And Others

    1983-01-01

    Describes development of an interactive computer graphics program for use in teaching digital signal processing. The program allows students to interactively configure digital systems on a monitor display and observe their system's performance by means of digital plots on the system's outputs. A sample program run is included. (JN)

  3. 46 CFR 56.07-5 - Definitions (modifies 100.2).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND... similar fittings which form part of the pressure barrier of any system are included under this heading.... “Nonstandard fitting” means a component of a piping system which is not fabricated under an adopted industry...

  4. Dual axis translation apparatus and system for translating an optical beam and related method

    DOEpatents

    Cassidy, Kelly

    1991-01-01

    A dual axis translation device and system in accordance with this invention, for translating an optical beam along both an x-axis and a y-axis which are perpendicular to one another, has a beam directing means acting on said optical beam for directing the beam along a particular path transverse to said x and y axes. An arrangement supporting said beam directing means for movement in the x and y direction within a given plane is provided. The arrangement includes a first means for translating said beam directing means along the x-axis in said given plane in order to translate the beam along said x-axis. The arrangement comprises a second means for translating said beam directing means along the y-axis in said given plane in order to translate the beam along said y-axis.

  5. Controlling And Operating Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (Hcci) Engines

    DOEpatents

    Flowers, Daniel L.

    2005-08-02

    A Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine system includes an engine that produces exhaust gas. A vaporization means vaporizes fuel for the engine an air induction means provides air for the engine. An exhaust gas recirculation means recirculates the exhaust gas. A blending means blends the vaporized fuel, the exhaust gas, and the air. An induction means inducts the blended vaporized fuel, exhaust gas, and air into the engine. A control means controls the blending of the vaporized fuel, the exhaust gas, and the air and for controls the inducting the blended vaporized fuel, exhaust gas, and air into the engine.

  6. Electro optical system to measure strains at high temperature

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sciammarella, Cesar A.

    1991-01-01

    The goals of this proposal were to develop a prototype of an electro-optics system for the measurement of strains in structures at high temperatures and to perform a test under field conditions. In the research task section, the topics addressed include: (1) correction of the effect of vibrations and thermal currents by means of an active compensation system; (2) reduction of the speckle noise by means of electronic filter and TV signal reconstruction circuit; (4) compensation of the rigid body motions by mounting the camera in a universal motion system; and (5) removal of phase errors left by the active compensation system by dynamic reading. In the design and construction section, the topics addressed include: (1) preliminary design; (2) final design; (3) software development; (4) signal conditioning; (5) data processing; (6) recorrelation of two holograms in the presence of rigid body motions; and (7) phase extraction using a computer generated image. Testing in the high temperature oven is also addressed.

  7. Integrated optical biosensor system (IOBS)

    DOEpatents

    Grace, Karen M.; Sweet, Martin R.; Goeller, Roy M.; Morrison, Leland Jean; Grace, Wynne Kevin; Kolar, Jerome D.

    2007-10-30

    An optical biosensor has a first enclosure with a pathogen recognition surface, including a planar optical waveguide and grating located in the first enclosure. An aperture is in the first enclosure for insertion of sample to be investigated to a position in close proximity to the pathogen recognition surface. A laser in the first enclosure includes means for aligning and means for modulating the laser, the laser having its light output directed toward said grating. Detection means are located in the first enclosure and in optical communication with the pathogen recognition surface for detecting pathogens after interrogation by the laser light and outputting the detection. Electronic means is located in the first enclosure and receives the detection for processing the detection and outputting information on the detection, and an electrical power supply is located in the first enclosure for supplying power to the laser, the detection means and the electronic means.

  8. System and method for changing a glove attached to a glove box

    DOEpatents

    Aluisi, Alan

    2001-01-01

    A system for changing the gloves of a glove box. The system requires the use of a new glove and a glove change ring to form a temporary secondary barrier to the exchange of atmospheres between the inner glove box and the room in which the glove box is operated. The system describes specific means for disengaging a used glove from the glove box port. The means for disengaging the used glove include use of a glove change hook and use of a glove with an attached tab for use in removal. A method for changing the gloves of a glove box is also described.

  9. Method for network analyzation and apparatus

    DOEpatents

    Bracht, Roger B.; Pasquale, Regina V.

    2001-01-01

    A portable network analyzer and method having multiple channel transmit and receive capability for real-time monitoring of processes which maintains phase integrity, requires low power, is adapted to provide full vector analysis, provides output frequencies of up to 62.5 MHz and provides fine sensitivity frequency resolution. The present invention includes a multi-channel means for transmitting and a multi-channel means for receiving, both in electrical communication with a software means for controlling. The means for controlling is programmed to provide a signal to a system under investigation which steps consecutively over a range of predetermined frequencies. The resulting received signal from the system provides complete time domain response information by executing a frequency transform of the magnitude and phase information acquired at each frequency step.

  10. Direct condensation refrigerant recovery and restoration system

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Grant, D.C.H.

    1992-03-10

    This patent describes a refrigerant recovery and purification system for removing gaseous refrigerant from a disabled refrigeration unit, cleaning the refrigerant of contaminants, and converting the gaseous refrigerant to a liquid state for storage. It comprises a low pressure inlet section; a high pressure storage section; the low pressure inlet section comprising: an oil and refrigerant gas separator, including a separated oil removal means, first conduit means for connecting an inlet of the separator to the disabled refrigerant unit, a slack-sided accumulator, second conduit means connecting the separator to the slack-sided accumulator, a reclaim condenser, third conduit means connecting themore » separator and the reclaim condenser in series, an evaporator coil in the reclaim condenser connectable to a conventional operating refrigeration system for receiving a liquid refrigerant under pressure for expansion therein, the evaporator coil forming a condensing surface for condensing the refrigerant gas at near atmospheric pressure in the condenser, a liquid receiver, a reclaimed refrigerant storage tank, fourth conduit means further connecting the liquid receiver in series with the reclaim condenser, downstream thereof, means between the reclaim condenser and the liquid receiver.« less

  11. Biofilm monitoring coupon system and method of use

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sauer, Richard L. (Inventor); Flanagan, David T. (Inventor)

    1991-01-01

    An apparatus and method is disclosed for biofilm monitoring of a water distribution system which includes the mounting of at least one fitting in a wall port of a manifold in the water distribution system with a passage through the fitting in communication. The insertion of a biofilm sampling member is through the fitting with planar sampling surfaces of different surface treatment provided on linearly arrayed sample coupons of the sampling member disposed in the flow stream in edge-on parallel relation to the direction of the flow stream of the manifold under fluid-tight sealed conditions. The sampling member is adapted to be aseptically removed from or inserted in the fitting and manifold under a positive pressure condition and the fitting passage sealed immediately thereafter by appropriate closure means so as to preclude contamination of the water distribution system through the fitting. The apparatus includes means for clamping the sampling member and for establishing electrical continuity between the sampling surfaces and the system for minimizing electropotential effects. The apparatus may also include a plurality of fittings and sampling members mounted on the manifold to permit extraction of the sampling members in a timed sequence throughout the monitoring period.

  12. A Role for the Motor System in Binding Abstract Emotional Meaning

    PubMed Central

    Carota, Francesca; Hauk, Olaf; Mohr, Bettina; Pulvermüller, Friedemann

    2012-01-01

    Sensorimotor areas activate to action- and object-related words, but their role in abstract meaning processing is still debated. Abstract emotion words denoting body internal states are a critical test case because they lack referential links to objects. If actions expressing emotion are crucial for learning correspondences between word forms and emotions, emotion word–evoked activity should emerge in motor brain systems controlling the face and arms, which typically express emotions. To test this hypothesis, we recruited 18 native speakers and used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain activation evoked by abstract emotion words to that by face- and arm-related action words. In addition to limbic regions, emotion words indeed sparked precentral cortex, including body-part–specific areas activated somatotopically by face words or arm words. Control items, including hash mark strings and animal words, failed to activate precentral areas. We conclude that, similar to their role in action word processing, activation of frontocentral motor systems in the dorsal stream reflects the semantic binding of sign and meaning of abstract words denoting emotions and possibly other body internal states. PMID:21914634

  13. The commuter rail circulator network design problem : formulation, solution methods, and applications

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2007-08-01

    Commuter rail is increasingly popular as a means to introduce rail transportation to metropolitan transportation systems. The long-term benefits of commuter rail include the addition of capacity to the transportation system, providing a quality commu...

  14. How Should Blood Glucose Meter System Analytical Performance Be Assessed?

    PubMed

    Simmons, David A

    2015-08-31

    Blood glucose meter system analytical performance is assessed by comparing pairs of meter system and reference instrument blood glucose measurements measured over time and across a broad array of glucose values. Consequently, no single, complete, and ideal parameter can fully describe the difference between meter system and reference results. Instead, a number of assessment tools, both graphical (eg, regression plots, modified Bland-Altman plots, and error grid analysis) and tabular (eg, International Organization for Standardization guidelines, mean absolute difference, and mean absolute relative difference) have been developed to evaluate meter system performance. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods of presenting meter system performance data, including a new method known as Radar Plots, are described here. © 2015 Diabetes Technology Society.

  15. Gun Launch System: efficient and low-cost means of research and real-time monitoring

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Degtyarev, Alexander; Ventskovsky, Oleg; Korostelev, Oleg; Yakovenko, Peter; Kanevsky, Valery; Tselinko, Alexander

    2005-08-01

    The Gun Launch System with a reusable sub-orbital launch vehicle as a central element is proposed by a consortium of several Ukrainian high-tech companies as an effective, fast-response and low-cost means of research and real-time monitoring. The system is described in details, with the emphasis on its most important advantages. Multiple applications of the system are presented, including ones for the purposes of microgravity research; chemical, bacteriological and radiation monitoring and research of atmosphere and ionosphere; operational monitoring of natural and man-made disasters, as well as for some other areas of great practical interest. The current level of the system development is given, and the way ahead towards full system's implementation is prescribed.

  16. [Results of training in the electronic health records in a tertiary care hospital].

    PubMed

    Alva Espinosa, Carlos; Fuentes Domínguez, Marco Antonio; Garibay Huarte, Tania

    2014-12-01

    To assess the user evaluation of the electronic health records system together with its training program and to investigate the relation between the number of training sessions and the corresponding evaluation scores given by the participants. An anonymous survey was conducted between the medical, nursing and social worker personnel. The survey included seven multiple-choice questions with a numerical scale from 1 to 10 and an additional open question. IBM SPSS Statistics v18 software was used to perform ANOVA variance analysis. In total, 340 workers participated in this study; 317 were included in the statistical analysis, out of which 76% had one or two training sessions, 13.9% received three or more sessions and 10% had no training. The mean global training evaluation by the participants was 5.9 ± 2.3, median 6.3, while the electronic records system evaluation was 5.2 ± 2.3, median 5.5. In relation to the training and electronic records system it was observed that higher evaluation scores were obtained with increasing number of training sessions (p < 0.001). On the electronic records systems, personnel with no training evaluated the system with a mean score of 3.9 ± 2.7, while those who received three or more training sessions evaluated the system with a mean score of 6.1 ± 1.8 (p < 0.001).

  17. Nanomechanical electric and electromagnetic field sensor

    DOEpatents

    Datskos, Panagiotis George; Lavrik, Nickolay

    2015-03-24

    The present invention provides a system for detecting and analyzing at least one of an electric field and an electromagnetic field. The system includes a micro/nanomechanical oscillator which oscillates in the presence of at least one of the electric field and the electromagnetic field. The micro/nanomechanical oscillator includes a dense array of cantilevers mounted to a substrate. A charge localized on a tip of each cantilever interacts with and oscillates in the presence of the electric and/or electromagnetic field. The system further includes a subsystem for recording the movement of the cantilever to extract information from the electric and/or electromagnetic field. The system further includes a means of adjusting a stiffness of the cantilever to heterodyne tune an operating frequency of the system over a frequency range.

  18. Hierarchies of Manakov-Santini Type by Means of Rota-Baxter and Other Identities

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Szablikowski, Błażej

    2016-02-01

    The Lax-Sato approach to the hierarchies of Manakov-Santini type is formalized in order to extend it to a more general class of integrable systems. For this purpose some linear operators are introduced, which must satisfy some integrability conditions, one of them is the Rota-Baxter identity. The theory is illustrated by means of the algebra of Laurent series, the related hierarchies are classified and examples, also new, of Manakov-Santini type systems are constructed, including those that are related to the dispersionless modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation and so called dispersionless r-th systems.

  19. Proximal tibial fractures: early experience using polyaxial locking-plate technology.

    PubMed

    Nikolaou, Vassilios S; Tan, Hiang Boon; Haidukewych, George; Kanakaris, Nikolaos; Giannoudis, Peter V

    2011-08-01

    Between 2004 and 2009, 60 patients with proximal tibial fractures were included in this prospective study. All fractures were treated with the polyaxial locked-plate fixation system (DePuy, Warsaw, IN, USA). Clinical and radiographic data, including fracture pattern, changes in alignment, local and systemic complications, hardware failure and fracture union were analysed. The mean follow-up was 14 (12-36) months. According to the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) classification, there were five 41-A, 28 41-B and 27 41-C fractures. Fractures were treated percutaneously in 30% of cases. Double-plating was used in 11 cases. All but three fractures progressed to union at a mean of 3.2 (2.5-5) months. There was no evidence of varus collapse as a result of polyaxial screw failure. No plate fractured, and no screw cut out was noted. There was one case of lateral joint collapse (>10°) in a patient with open bicondylar plateau fracture. The mean Knee Society Score at the time of final follow-up was 91 points, and the mean functional score was 89 points. The polyaxial locking-plate system provided stable fixation of extra-articular and intra-articular proximal tibial fractures and good functional outcomes with a low complication rate.

  20. Tragedy and the Meaning of School Shootings

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Warnick, Bryan R.; Johnson, Benjamin A.; Rocha, Samuel

    2010-01-01

    School shootings are traumatic events that cause a community to question itself, its values, and its educational systems. In this article Bryan Warnick, Benjamin Johnson, and Samuel Rocha explore the meanings of school shootings by examining three recent books on school violence. Topics that grow out of these books include (1) how school shootings…

  1. 20 CFR 903.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... (see 5 U.S.C. 552(e)); (b) The term individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien... that is maintained by the Joint Board, including, but not limited to, his education, financial... voice print or a photograph; (e) The term system of records means a group of any records under the...

  2. Turbine system

    DOEpatents

    McMahan, Kevin Weston; Dillard, Daniel Jackson

    2016-05-03

    A turbine system is disclosed. The turbine system includes a transition duct having an inlet, an outlet, and a passage extending between the inlet and the outlet and defining a longitudinal axis, a radial axis, and a tangential axis. The outlet of the transition duct is offset from the inlet along the longitudinal axis and the tangential axis. The turbine system further includes a turbine section connected to the transition duct. The turbine section includes a plurality of shroud blocks at least partially defining a hot gas path, a plurality of buckets at least partially disposed in the hot gas path, and a plurality of nozzles at least partially disposed in the hot gas path. At least one of a shroud block, a bucket, or a nozzle includes means for withstanding high temperatures.

  3. Idling speed control system of an internal combustion engine

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Miyazaki, M.; Ishii, M.; Kako, H.

    1986-09-16

    This patent describes an idling speed control system of an internal combustion engine comprising: a valve device which controls the amount of intake air for the engine; an actuator which includes an electric motor for variably controlling the opening of the value device; rotation speed detector means for detecting the rotation speed of the engine; idling condition detector means for detecting the idling condition of the engine; feedback control means responsive to the detected output of the idling condition detector means for generating feedback control pulses to intermittently drive the electric motor so that the detected rotation speed of themore » engine under the idling condition may converge into a target idling rotation speed; and control means responsive to the output of detector means that detects an abnormally low rotation speed of the engine detected by the rotation speed detector means for generating control pulses that do not overlap the feedback control pulses to drive the electric motor in a predetermined direction.« less

  4. 44 CFR 206.221 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...) Utility means buildings, structures, or systems of energy, communication, water supply, sewage collection.... Irrigation facilities include water for fire suppression, generating and supplying electricity, and drinking...

  5. 44 CFR 206.221 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...) Utility means buildings, structures, or systems of energy, communication, water supply, sewage collection.... Irrigation facilities include water for fire suppression, generating and supplying electricity, and drinking...

  6. 44 CFR 206.221 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...) Utility means buildings, structures, or systems of energy, communication, water supply, sewage collection.... Irrigation facilities include water for fire suppression, generating and supplying electricity, and drinking...

  7. 78 FR 54946 - Privacy Act; System of Records: Digital Outreach and Communications, State-79

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-06

    .... Only members of the public who choose to interact with the Department through a social media outlet or... social media outlet or other electronic means including by submitting feedback, requesting more... RECORDS IN THE SYSTEM: The system may contain information passed through a social media site to facilitate...

  8. 33 CFR 155.1020 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... vessel or aircraft outfitted with the dispersant-application equipment acting as the delivery system for...: Adverse weather means the weather conditions that will be considered when identifying response systems and equipment in a response plan for the applicable operating environment. Factors to consider include, but are...

  9. 33 CFR 155.1020 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... vessel or aircraft outfitted with the dispersant-application equipment acting as the delivery system for...: Adverse weather means the weather conditions that will be considered when identifying response systems and equipment in a response plan for the applicable operating environment. Factors to consider include, but are...

  10. 46 CFR 61.20-3 - Main and auxiliary machinery and associated equipment, including fluid control systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... control for the means of stopping machinery driving forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil transfer pumps, fuel oil unit pumps, and fans in the ventilation systems serving machinery and cargo spaces shall be...

  11. [Comparative study of less invasive stabilization system (LISS) and the condylar support plates for the treatment of AO type C distal femoral fractures in adults].

    PubMed

    Chen, Yu-tao; Yang, Jiang-wei; Hou, Hai-bin; Wang, Chun-sheng; Wang, Kun-zheng

    2015-02-01

    To summarize the complications and the early clinical effect of less invasive stabilization system and the femoral condylar support plates in the treatment of AO type C distal femoral fractures. From September 2007 to February 2012, 46 patients with AO type C distal femoral fractures were retrospectively studied. Of all patients 25 were treated with less invasive stabilization system including 14 males and 11 females with a mean age of (56.3±4.2) years old; according to AO classification, there were 14 cases of C1, 8 cases of C2 and 3 cases of C3 with a mean hospital stay of (15.6±1.7) days. While 21 cases were treated with femoral condylar support plates fixation including 12 males and 9 females with a mean age of (53.8±5.1) years old;there were 13 cases of C1, 6 cases of C2 and 2 cases of C3 with a mean hospital stay of (17.8±2.2) days. Comparative analysis was performed from the operation related index,postoperative complications and Evanich score of the knee joint function between the two groups at follow-up. All 46 patients were followed up from 13 to 38 months with a mean time of 19.6 months after surgery. Complications included 1 case with infection,3 cases with internal fixation failure, 1 case with nonunion and 1 case with activity limitation of the affected knee. The differences in the incision length, blood loss, fracture healing time were significant between two groups (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the duration of operations, hospital stays and the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P>0.05). The statistical significance was also found in the Evanich score at last follow-up between two groups (P<0.05). Patients with less invasive stabilization system fixation had the characteristics of less trauma, shorter fracture healing time and better functional recovery. Less invasive stabilization system had became one of the ideal internal fixations in the treatment of AO type C distal femoral fractures.

  12. [Examination of safety improvement by failure record analysis that uses reliability engineering].

    PubMed

    Kato, Kyoichi; Sato, Hisaya; Abe, Yoshihisa; Ishimori, Yoshiyuki; Hirano, Hiroshi; Higashimura, Kyoji; Amauchi, Hiroshi; Yanakita, Takashi; Kikuchi, Kei; Nakazawa, Yasuo

    2010-08-20

    How the maintenance checks of the medical treatment system, including start of work check and the ending check, was effective for preventive maintenance and the safety improvement was verified. In this research, date on the failure of devices in multiple facilities was collected, and the data of the trouble repair record was analyzed by the technique of reliability engineering. An analysis of data on the system (8 general systems, 6 Angio systems, 11 CT systems, 8 MRI systems, 8 RI systems, and the radiation therapy system 9) used in eight hospitals was performed. The data collection period assumed nine months from April to December 2008. Seven items were analyzed. (1) Mean time between failures (MTBF) (2) Mean time to repair (MTTR) (3) Mean down time (MDT) (4) Number found by check in morning (5) Failure generation time according to modality. The classification of the breakdowns per device, the incidence, and the tendency could be understood by introducing reliability engineering. Analysis, evaluation, and feedback on the failure generation history are useful to keep downtime to a minimum and to ensure safety.

  13. Fuel cell system

    DOEpatents

    Early, Jack; Kaufman, Arthur; Stawsky, Alfred

    1982-01-01

    A fuel cell system is comprised of a fuel cell module including sub-stacks of series-connected fuel cells, the sub-stacks being held together in a stacked arrangement with cold plates of a cooling means located between the sub-stacks to function as electrical terminals. The anode and cathode terminals of the sub-stacks are connected in parallel by means of the coolant manifolds which electrically connect selected cold plates. The system may comprise a plurality of the fuel cell modules connected in series. The sub-stacks are designed to provide a voltage output equivalent to the desired voltage demand of a low voltage, high current DC load such as an electrolytic cell to be driven by the fuel cell system. This arrangement in conjunction with switching means can be used to drive a DC electrical load with a total voltage output selected to match that of the load being driven. This arrangement eliminates the need for expensive voltage regulation equipment.

  14. Engine restart aid

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fedewa, Andrew

    A system is disclosed comprising an engine having coolant passages defined therethrough, a first coolant pump, and a first radiator. The system additionally comprises a second coolant pump, a second radiator, and a liquid-to-air heat exchanger configured to condition the temperature of intake air to the engine. The system further includes a coolant valve means. For a first configuration of the coolant valve means the first coolant pump is configured to urge coolant through the coolant passages in the engine and through the first radiator, and the second coolant pump is configured to urge coolant through the liquid-to-air heat exchangermore » and through the second radiator. For a second configuration of the coolant valve means the second coolant pump is configured to urge coolant through the coolant passages in the engine and through the liquid-to-air heat exchanger. A method for controlling the system is also disclosed.« less

  15. Sensor-guided threat countermeasure system

    DOEpatents

    Stuart, Brent C.; Hackel, Lloyd A.; Hermann, Mark R.; Armstrong, James P.

    2012-12-25

    A countermeasure system for use by a target to protect against an incoming sensor-guided threat. The system includes a laser system for producing a broadband beam and means for directing the broadband beam from the target to the threat. The countermeasure system comprises the steps of producing a broadband beam and directing the broad band beam from the target to blind or confuse the incoming sensor-guided threat.

  16. Test stand for gas-discharge chamber of TEA CO2 lasers with pulse-periodical energy supply

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shorin, Vladimyr P.; Bystrov, N. D.; Zhuravlyov, O. A.; Nekrasov, V. V.

    1997-05-01

    Test stand for function optimization (incomposition of gas- dynamic circuit (GDC) of operating characteristics of full- size discharge chamber of flowing TEA carbon-dioxide lasers (power up to 100 kW) was created in Samara State Aerospace University (former Kuibyshev Aviation Institute). Test stand includes an inside-type GDC, low inductive generators of voltage pulses of preionization and main discharges, two-flow rate system of gas supply and noise immunity diagnostic system. Module construction of units of GDC, power supplies of preionization and main discharges allows to change configuration of stand's systems for providing given properties of gas flow and its energy supply. This test stand can also be used in servicing of laser system. The diagnostic system of this stand allows us to analyze energy properties of discharge by means of oscillographic measurements of voltage and current with following processing of discharges' volt- ampere characteristics by means of a computer; rate of non- stationary gas-dynamic disturbances in discharge gap of discharge chamber was measured by means of pulse holographic system (UlG-1M) with data processing of schliren- and interferogram (density fluctuation sensitivity approximately 10-2) and sensor measurement system of gas-dynamic shock and acoustics process with resonance frequency exceeding 100 kHz. Research results of process of plasma plate wave and channel structures interaction with mediums, including actuation non-stationary gas-dynamic flows, cavitation erosion of preionization electrodes' dielectric substructure, ancillary heating of channels by main volumetric discharge are presented as well.

  17. 42 CFR 413.333 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... PROSPECTIVELY DETERMINED PAYMENT RATES FOR SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES Prospective Payment for Skilled Nursing... goods and services included in covered skilled nursing services. Resident classification system means a...

  18. 42 CFR 413.333 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... PROSPECTIVELY DETERMINED PAYMENT RATES FOR SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES Prospective Payment for Skilled Nursing... goods and services included in covered skilled nursing services. Resident classification system means a...

  19. RADIATION WAVE DETECTION

    DOEpatents

    Wouters, L.F.

    1960-08-30

    Radiation waves can be detected by simultaneously measuring radiation- wave intensities at a plurality of space-distributed points and producing therefrom a plot of the wave intensity as a function of time. To this end. a detector system is provided which includes a plurality of nuclear radiation intensity detectors spaced at equal radial increments of distance from a source of nuclear radiation. Means are provided to simultaneously sensitize the detectors at the instant a wave of radiation traverses their positions. the detectors producing electrical pulses indicative of wave intensity. The system further includes means for delaying the pulses from the detectors by amounts proportional to the distance of the detectors from the source to provide an indication of radiation-wave intensity as a function of time.

  20. Resonant frequency method for bearing ball inspection

    DOEpatents

    Khuri-Yakub, B. T.; Hsieh, Chung-Kao

    1993-01-01

    The present invention provides for an inspection system and method for detecting defects in test objects which includes means for generating expansion inducing energy focused upon the test object at a first location, such expansion being allowed to contract, thereby causing pressure wave within and on the surface of the test object. Such expansion inducing energy may be provided by, for example, a laser beam or ultrasonic energy. At a second location, the amplitudes and phases of the acoustic waves are detected and the resonant frequencies' quality factors are calculated and compared to predetermined quality factor data, such comparison providing information of whether the test object contains a defect. The inspection system and method also includes means for mounting the bearing ball for inspection.

  1. Resonant frequency method for bearing ball inspection

    DOEpatents

    Khuri-Yakub, B.T.; Chungkao Hsieh.

    1993-11-02

    The present invention provides for an inspection system and method for detecting defects in test objects which includes means for generating expansion inducing energy focused upon the test object at a first location, such expansion being allowed to contract, thereby causing pressure wave within and on the surface of the test object. Such expansion inducing energy may be provided by, for example, a laser beam or ultrasonic energy. At a second location, the amplitudes and phases of the acoustic waves are detected and the resonant frequencies' quality factors are calculated and compared to predetermined quality factor data, such comparison providing information of whether the test object contains a defect. The inspection system and method also includes means for mounting the bearing ball for inspection. 5 figures.

  2. Creation of Integrated System of Cosmonauts Sanitary-Hygienic Supply: Researches, Problems and Prospects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shumilina, I.; Krivobok, S.; Shumilina, G.

    The necessity of Integrated System creation for cosmonauts Sanitary - Hygienic Supply has appeared at realization of joint flights on the International Space Station (ISS). Russian hygiene means manufactured and tested in the long space flights conditions and personal hygiene means of foreign manufacture, which were developed without chamber experiments conditions, are mean to use for Integrated System. The realization of Sanitary - Hygienic Water (SHW) regeneration is supposed for water circulation. The researches directed on equipment creation for clothing washing and clothing drying were carried out for the purposes of goods turnover optimization on ISS The variants of possible realization of water procedures (shower-bath, face washing) are studied. New and essentially date are received for an estimation of efficiency of various ways of cosmonauts Sanitary - Hygienic Supply, including results of tests for new generation regeneration SHW systems with Nanofiltration unit on various kinds real SHW. The improvement of washing-up liquids, individual selection of a complex of personal hygiene means with the man skin condition registration allows to raise of preventive measures use efficiency directed on prevention of adverse skin changes and skin diseases. The analysis of the equipment and methods for clothing washing and clothing drying for conditions of long space flight are carried out. The experimental data on textile materials drying are received. The investigations covered a wide range of issues associated with Sanitary - Hygienic Supply Integrated System including Personal Hygiene complex (items and techniques), ways of Sanitary - Hygienic Supply realization, methods of wastewater regeneration. The results of researches are especially urgent for cosmonauts Sanitary - Hygienic Supply System creation for long space flights, in particular, "Mars" flights at impossibility of updating of water stock, clothing stock etc.

  3. Charge control microcomputer device for vehicles

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Morishita, M.; Kouge, S.

    1986-10-14

    This patent describes a charge control microcomputer device for a vehicle, comprising: speed changing means for transmitting the output torque of an engine. The speed changing means includes a slip clutch means having an output with a variable slippage amount with respect to its input and controlled in accordance with an operating instruction. The speed changing means further includes a speed change gear for changing the rotational speed input thereto at an output thereto, the speed change gear receiving the output of the slip clutch means; a charging generator driven by the output of the speed change gear; a batterymore » charged by an output voltage of the charging generator; a voltage regulator for controlling the output voltage of the charging generator to a predetermined value; an engine controlling microcomputer for receiving data from the engine, to control the engine, the engine data comprising at least an engine speed signal; a charge control microcomputer for processing engine data from the engine controlling microcomputer and charge system data including terminal voltage data from the battery and generated voltage data from the changing generator; and a display unit for displaying detection data, including fault detection data, form the charge control microcomputer.« less

  4. The effect of model uncertainty on some optimal routing problems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mohanty, Bibhu; Cassandras, Christos G.

    1991-01-01

    The effect of model uncertainties on optimal routing in a system of parallel queues is examined. The uncertainty arises in modeling the service time distribution for the customers (jobs, packets) to be served. For a Poisson arrival process and Bernoulli routing, the optimal mean system delay generally depends on the variance of this distribution. However, as the input traffic load approaches the system capacity the optimal routing assignment and corresponding mean system delay are shown to converge to a variance-invariant point. The implications of these results are examined in the context of gradient-based routing algorithms. An example of a model-independent algorithm using online gradient estimation is also included.

  5. 40 CFR 60.51c - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... blood plasma, platelets, red or white blood corpuscles, and other derived licensed products, such as.../Infectious Waste Incinerators § 60.51c Definitions. Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is... leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric...

  6. 40 CFR 60.51c - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... blood plasma, platelets, red or white blood corpuscles, and other derived licensed products, such as.../Infectious Waste Incinerators § 60.51c Definitions. Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is... leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric...

  7. 42 CFR 413.333 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... relative difference in resource intensity among different groups in the resident classification system... goods and services included in covered skilled nursing services. Resident classification system means a... 1, 2005, an area as defined in § 412.62(f)(1)(iii) of this chapter. For services provided on or...

  8. The Moon System Adapted for Musical Notation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jackson, Michael

    1987-01-01

    A means is presented for using William Moon's embossed symbols to represent musical notation for blind individuals, as an alternative to braille notation. The proposed system includes pitch symbols, octave indicators, duration symbols, accidentals, key signatures, rests, stress symbols, ornaments, and other symbols. (Author/JDD)

  9. Programmable remapper for image processing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Juday, Richard D. (Inventor); Sampsell, Jeffrey B. (Inventor)

    1991-01-01

    A video-rate coordinate remapper includes a memory for storing a plurality of transformations on look-up tables for remapping input images from one coordinate system to another. Such transformations are operator selectable. The remapper includes a collective processor by which certain input pixels of an input image are transformed to a portion of the output image in a many-to-one relationship. The remapper includes an interpolative processor by which the remaining input pixels of the input image are transformed to another portion of the output image in a one-to-many relationship. The invention includes certain specific transforms for creating output images useful for certain defects of visually impaired people. The invention also includes means for shifting input pixels and means for scrolling the output matrix.

  10. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    TESP combines existing domain simulators in the electric power grid, with new transactive agents, growth models and evaluation scripts. The existing domain simulators include GridLAB-D for the distribution grid and single-family residential buildings, MATPOWER for transmission and bulk generation, and EnergyPlus for large buildings. More are planned for subsequent versions of TESP. The new elements are: TEAgents - simulate market participants and transactive systems for market clearing. Some of this functionality was extracted from GridLAB-D and implemented in Python for customization by PNNL and others; Growth Model - a means for simulating system changes over a multiyear period, including bothmore » normal load growth and specific investment decisions. Customizable in Python code; and Evaluation Script - a means of evaluating different transactive systems through customizable post-processing in Python code. TESP provides a method for other researchers and vendors to design transactive systems, and test them in a virtual environment. It allows customization of the key components by modifying Python code.« less

  11. Best Practices in Boater Safety Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Graefe, Alan R.

    Recreational boating education in the United States is offered through a system of government agencies and non-government organizations, including the boating industry. The "best practices" in boater safety education include means of ensuring the availability of education programs, ensuring the content and quality of the educational…

  12. 36 CFR 9.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... MANAGEMENT Mining and Mining Claims § 9.2 Definitions. The terms used in this part shall have the following... in connection with mining on claims, including: prospecting, exploration, surveying, development and... thereto, including construction or use of roads or other means of access on National Park System lands...

  13. 36 CFR 9.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... MANAGEMENT Mining and Mining Claims § 9.2 Definitions. The terms used in this part shall have the following... in connection with mining on claims, including: prospecting, exploration, surveying, development and... thereto, including construction or use of roads or other means of access on National Park System lands...

  14. 36 CFR 9.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... MANAGEMENT Mining and Mining Claims § 9.2 Definitions. The terms used in this part shall have the following... in connection with mining on claims, including: prospecting, exploration, surveying, development and... thereto, including construction or use of roads or other means of access on National Park System lands...

  15. 36 CFR 9.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... MANAGEMENT Mining and Mining Claims § 9.2 Definitions. The terms used in this part shall have the following... in connection with mining on claims, including: prospecting, exploration, surveying, development and... thereto, including construction or use of roads or other means of access on National Park System lands...

  16. SIMPLIFIED SODIUM GRAPHITE REACTOR SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Dickinson, R.W.

    1963-03-01

    This patent relates to a nuclear power reactor comprising a reactor vessel, shielding means positioned at the top of said vessel, means sealing said reactor vessel to said shielding means, said vessel containing a quantity of sodium, a core tank, unclad graphite moderator disposed in said tank, means including a plurality of process tubes traversing said tank for isolating said graphite from said sodium, fuel elements positioned in said process tubes, said core tank being supported in spaced relation to the walls and bottom of said reactor vessel and below the level of said sodium, neutron shielding means positioned adjacent said core tank between said core tank and the walls of said vessel, said neutron shielding means defining an annuiar volume adjacent the inside wall of said reactor vessel, inlet plenum means below said core tank for providing a passage between said annular volume and said process tubes, heat exchanger means removably supported from the first-named shielding means and positioned in said annular volume, and means for circulating said sodium over said neutron shielding means down through said heat exchanger, across said inlet plenum and upward through said process tubes, said last-named means including electromagnetic pumps located outside said vessel and supported on said vessel wall between said heat exchanger means and said inlet plenum means. (AEC)

  17. 47 CFR Appendix A to Part 64 - Telecommunications Service Priority (TSP) System for National Security Emergency Preparedness (NSEP)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... Definitions As used in this part: a. Assignment means the designation of priority level(s) for a defined NSEP... customer premises equipment and wiring) or combination thereof. The term includes resale carriers, prime... being used or contracted for by any customer. w. Telecommunication services means the transmission...

  18. EXTENDING THE REALM OF OPTIMIZATION FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS: UNCERTAINTY, COMPETITION, AND DYNAMICS

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shanbhag, Uday V; Basar, Tamer; Meyn, Sean

    Research reported addressed these topics: the development of analytical and algorithmic tools for distributed computation of Nash equilibria; synchronization in mean-field oscillator games, with an emphasis on learning and efficiency analysis; questions that combine learning and computation; questions including stochastic and mean-field games; modeling and control in the context of power markets.

  19. 21 CFR 129.80 - Processes and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ..., including those performed by chemical means or by any other means such as circulation of live steam or hot... intensities shall be considered a minimum: (1) Steam in enclosed system: At least 170 °F for at least 15... be available for official review at reasonable times. [42 FR 14355, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 44...

  20. 21 CFR 129.80 - Processes and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ..., including those performed by chemical means or by any other means such as circulation of live steam or hot... intensities shall be considered a minimum: (1) Steam in enclosed system: At least 170 °F for at least 15... be available for official review at reasonable times. [42 FR 14355, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 44...

  1. 21 CFR 129.80 - Processes and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ..., including those performed by chemical means or by any other means such as circulation of live steam or hot... intensities shall be considered a minimum: (1) Steam in enclosed system: At least 170 °F for at least 15... be available for official review at reasonable times. [42 FR 14355, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 44...

  2. Older Women: The Meaning of Involvement in Support Systems.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Greenberg, Reva M.

    With the increased longevity American women experience, it is important to begin to define the strengths and resources women bring to old age. Late parental, married women with a mean age of 58 (N=75) completed an interview questionnaire which included open- and closed-ended and scale items. Data analysis developed four life-style orientations…

  3. Medical Image Analysis by Cognitive Information Systems - a Review.

    PubMed

    Ogiela, Lidia; Takizawa, Makoto

    2016-10-01

    This publication presents a review of medical image analysis systems. The paradigms of cognitive information systems will be presented by examples of medical image analysis systems. The semantic processes present as it is applied to different types of medical images. Cognitive information systems were defined on the basis of methods for the semantic analysis and interpretation of information - medical images - applied to cognitive meaning of medical images contained in analyzed data sets. Semantic analysis was proposed to analyzed the meaning of data. Meaning is included in information, for example in medical images. Medical image analysis will be presented and discussed as they are applied to various types of medical images, presented selected human organs, with different pathologies. Those images were analyzed using different classes of cognitive information systems. Cognitive information systems dedicated to medical image analysis was also defined for the decision supporting tasks. This process is very important for example in diagnostic and therapy processes, in the selection of semantic aspects/features, from analyzed data sets. Those features allow to create a new way of analysis.

  4. Petroleum geology and total petroleum systems of the Widyan Basin and Interior Platform of Saudi Arabia and Iraq

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Fox, James E.; Ahlbrandt, Thomas S.

    2002-01-01

    The Widyan Basin-Interior Platform Province (2023) ranks 17th in the world, exclusive of the United States, with 62.5 billion barrels of oil equivalent of total petroleum endowment (cumulative production plus remaining petroleum plus estimated mean undiscovered volumes). Mean estimates of undiscovered petroleum for the province, which includes both Paleozoic and Jurassic petroleum systems as well as portions of three additional total petroleum systems from adjacent provinces, are 21.22 billion barrels of oil, 94.75 trillion cubic feet of gas (15.8 billion barrels of oil equivalent), and 6.85 billion barrels of natural gas liquids. The Paleozoic total petroleum system is dominantly gas prone, whereas the volumetrically larger Jurassic total petroleum system is oil prone - resulting in the characterization of the province as an oil province. The discovery maturity for the province is a relatively low 31 percent, meaning that much of the province petroleum potential lies in the future.

  5. Vortex boundary-layer interactions

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bradshaw, P.

    1986-01-01

    Parametric studies to identify a vortex generator were completed. Data acquisition in the first chosen configuration, in which a longitudinal vortex pair generated by an isolated delta wing starts to merge with a turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate fairly close to the leading edge is nearly completed. Work on a delta-wing/flat-plate combination, consisting of a flow visualization and hot wire measurements taken with a computer controlled traverse gear and data logging system were completed. Data taking and analysis have continued, and sample results for another cross stream plane are presented. Available data include all mean velocity components, second order mean products of turbulent fluctuations, and third order mean products. Implementation of a faster data logging system was accomplished.

  6. Rapid Identification of Key Pathogens in Wound Infection by Molecular Means

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-01-01

    diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases [4]. Rapid diagnosis can be achieved by the direct detection of characteristic bacterial genes in clinical... System ABI PRISM® 7500 Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif.) was purchased, set up and standardized. This system ...integrated system for real-time detection of PCR. The system includes a built-in thermal cycler, a laser to induce fluorescence, CCD (charge-coupled device

  7. In vitro and in vivo testing of a totally implantable left ventricular assist system.

    PubMed

    Jassawalla, J S; Daniel, M A; Chen, H; Lee, J; LaForge, D; Billich, J; Ramasamy, N; Miller, P J; Oyer, P E; Portner, P M

    1988-01-01

    The totally implantable Novacor LVAS is being tested under NIH auspices to demonstrate safety and efficacy before clinical trials. Twelve complete systems (submerged in saline at 37 degrees C) are being tested, with an NIH goal of demonstrating 80% reliability for 2 year operation with a 60% confidence level. The systems, which are continuously monitored, are diurnally cycled between two output levels by automatically varying preload and afterload. Currently, 14.3 years of failure-free operation have been accumulated, with a mean duration of 14 months. Using an exponential failure distribution model, the mean time to failure (MTTF) is greater than 8.8 years, corresponding to a demonstrated reliability (for a 2 year mission time) of 80% (80% confidence level). Recent ovine experiments with VAS subsystems include a 767 day volume compensator implant, a 279 day pump/drive unit implant and a 1,448 day BST implant. The last 12 chronic pump/drive unit experiments had a mean duration of 153 days (excluding early postoperative complications). This compares favorably with the NIH goals for complete systems (5 month mean duration). Complete system experiments are currently underway.

  8. 40 CFR 63.441 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... flash steam from the digester or live steam. Closed-vent system means a system that is not open to the... this subpart, including emissions from individual process vents, stacks, open pieces of process... stock chests, and their associated vacuum pumps, filtrate tanks, foam breakers or tanks, and any other...

  9. 40 CFR 63.441 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... flash steam from the digester or live steam. Closed-vent system means a system that is not open to the... this subpart, including emissions from individual process vents, stacks, open pieces of process... stock chests, and their associated vacuum pumps, filtrate tanks, foam breakers or tanks, and any other...

  10. 40 CFR 63.441 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... flash steam from the digester or live steam. Closed-vent system means a system that is not open to the... this subpart, including emissions from individual process vents, stacks, open pieces of process... stock chests, and their associated vacuum pumps, filtrate tanks, foam breakers or tanks, and any other...

  11. 21 CFR 110.20 - Plant and grounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... filth, or providing a breeding place for pests. (4) Operating systems for waste treatment and disposal... controls and operating practices or effective design, including the separation of operations in which..., enclosed systems, or other effective means. (3) Permit the taking of proper precautions to protect food in...

  12. 21 CFR 110.20 - Plant and grounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... filth, or providing a breeding place for pests. (4) Operating systems for waste treatment and disposal... controls and operating practices or effective design, including the separation of operations in which..., enclosed systems, or other effective means. (3) Permit the taking of proper precautions to protect food in...

  13. 21 CFR 110.20 - Plant and grounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... filth, or providing a breeding place for pests. (4) Operating systems for waste treatment and disposal... controls and operating practices or effective design, including the separation of operations in which..., enclosed systems, or other effective means. (3) Permit the taking of proper precautions to protect food in...

  14. Programmable control means for providing safe and controlled medication infusion

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fischell, Robert E. (Inventor)

    1988-01-01

    An implantable programmable infusion pump (IPIP) is disclosed and generally includes: a fluid reservoir filled with selected medication; a pump for causing a precise volumetric dosage of medication to be withdrawn from the reservoir and delivered to the appropriate site within the body; and, a control means for actuating the pump in a safe and programmable manner. The control means includes a microprocessor, a permanent memory containing a series of fixed software instructions, and a memory for storing prescription schedules, dosage limits and other data. The microprocessor actuates the pump in accordance with programmable prescription parameters and dosage limits stored in the memory. A communication link allows the control means to be remotely programmed. The control means incorporates a running integral dosage limit and other safety features which prevent an inadvertent or intentional medication overdose. The control means also monitors the pump and fluid handling system and provides an alert if any improper or potentially unsafe operation is detected.

  15. The Role of Trust in Information Science and Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marsh, Stephen; Dibben, Mark R.

    2003-01-01

    Discusses the notion of trust as it relates to information science and technology, specifically user interfaces, autonomous agents, and information systems. Highlights include theoretical meaning of trust; trust and levels of analysis, including organizational trust; electronic commerce, user interfaces, and static trust; dynamic trust; and trust…

  16. Real time viability detection of bacterial spores

    DOEpatents

    Vanderberg, Laura A.; Herdendorf, Timothy J.; Obiso, Richard J.

    2003-07-29

    This invention relates to a process for detecting the presence of viable bacterial spores in a sample and to a spore detection system, the process including placing a sample in a germination medium for a period of time sufficient for commitment of any present viable bacterial spores to occur, mixing the sample with a solution of a lanthanide capable of forming a fluorescent complex with dipicolinic acid, and, measuring the sample for the presence of dipicolinic acid, and the system including a germination chamber having inlets from a sample chamber, a germinant chamber and a bleach chamber, the germination chamber further including an outlet through a filtering means, the outlet connected to a detection chamber, the detection chamber having an inlet from a fluorescence promoting metal chamber and the detection chamber including a spectral excitation source and a means of measuring emission spectra from a sample, the detection chamber further connected to a waste chamber. A germination reaction mixture useful for promoting commitment of any viable bacterial spores in a sample including a combination of L-alanine, L-asparagine and D-glucose is also described.

  17. North American approach to smoke management.

    PubMed

    Klote, J H

    1999-03-01

    The term smoke is used to mean the airborne products of combustion and air that is mixed with those products. A smoke control system is used to mean a system intended to manage smoke by pressurisation, and smoke management system is a broader term that includes systems that use any combination of compartmentation, dilution, air flow, pressurization or buoyancy. Smoke control systems include zoned smoke control, pressurized stairwells, and elevator smoke control. Over the past few decades there have been a number of full scale fire tests that demonstrate that pressure differences can prevent smoke migration from the low pressure side to the high pressure side of a barrier. While there are equations that can be used for smoke control design, network computer models can account for the effects of complex building leakage paths. For simplicity the term atrium was used in this paper in a generic sense to mean almost any large space (such as arcades, sports arenas, and exhibition halls). In North America most atria rely on sprinkler protection for spaces connected to the atrium and fan powered exhaust at or near the top of the atrium. Because the ability of sprinklers to suppress fires in spaces with ceilings higher than about 11m is limited, smoke exhaust is especially important for fires that start in the atrium. Equations and computer zone models can be used for the design of atrium exhaust systems. When these approaches are inappropriate, CFD modelling or physical modelling can be used.

  18. ACTS TDMA network control. [Advanced Communication Technology Satellite

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Inukai, T.; Campanella, S. J.

    1984-01-01

    This paper presents basic network control concepts for the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) System. Two experimental systems, called the low-burst-rate and high-burst-rate systems, along with ACTS ground system features, are described. The network control issues addressed include frame structures, acquisition and synchronization procedures, coordinated station burst-time plan and satellite-time plan changes, on-board clock control based on ground drift measurements, rain fade control by means of adaptive forward-error-correction (FEC) coding and transmit power augmentation, and reassignment of channel capacities on demand. The NASA ground system, which includes a primary station, diversity station, and master control station, is also described.

  19. Non-intrusive cooling system

    DOEpatents

    Morrison, Edward F.; Bergman, John W.

    2001-05-22

    A readily replaceable heat exchange cooling jacket for applying fluid to a system conduit pipe. The cooling jacket comprises at least two members, separable into upper and lower portions. A chamber is formed between the conduit pipe and cooling jacket once the members are positioned about the pipe. The upper portion includes a fluid spray means positioned above the pipe and the bottom portion includes a fluid removal means. The heat exchange cooling jacket is adaptable with a drain tank, a heat exchanger, a pump and other standard equipment to provide a system for removing heat from a pipe. A method to remove heat from a pipe, includes the steps of enclosing a portion of the pipe with a jacket to form a chamber between an outside surface of the pipe and the cooling jacket; spraying cooling fluid at low pressure from an upper portion of the cooling jacket, allowing the fluid to flow downwardly by gravity along the surface of the pipe toward a bottom portion of the chamber; and removing the fluid at the bottom portion of the chamber.

  20. Flat conductor cable for electrical packaging

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Angele, W.

    1972-01-01

    Flat conductor cable (FCC) is relatively new, highly promising means for electrical packaging and system integration. FCC offers numerous desirable traits (weight, volume and cost savings, flexibility, high reliability, predictable and repeatable electrical characteristics) which make it extremely attractive as a packaging medium. FCC, today, finds wide application in everything from integration of lunar equipment to the packaging of electronics in nuclear submarines. Described are cable construction and means of termination, applicable specifications and standards, and total FCC systems. A list of additional sources of data is also included for more intensive study.

  1. Physician-Owned Surgical Hospitals Outperform Other Hospitals in Medicare Value-Based Purchasing Program.

    PubMed

    Ramirez, Adriana G; Tracci, Margaret C; Stukenborg, George J; Turrentine, Florence E; Kozower, Benjamin D; Jones, R Scott

    2016-10-01

    The Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program measures value of care provided by participating Medicare hospitals and creates financial incentives for quality improvement and fosters increased transparency. Limited information is available comparing hospital performance across health care business models. The 2015 Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program results were used to examine hospital performance by business model. General linear modeling assessed differences in mean total performance score, hospital case mix index, and differences after adjustment for differences in hospital case mix index. Of 3,089 hospitals with total performance scores, categories of representative health care business models included 104 physician-owned surgical hospitals, 111 University HealthSystem Consortium, 14 US News & World Report Honor Roll hospitals, 33 Kaiser Permanente, and 124 Pioneer accountable care organization affiliated hospitals. Estimated mean total performance scores for physician-owned surgical hospitals (64.4; 95% CI, 61.83-66.38) and Kaiser Permanente (60.79; 95% CI, 56.56-65.03) were significantly higher compared with all remaining hospitals, and University HealthSystem Consortium members (36.8; 95% CI, 34.51-39.17) performed below the mean (p < 0.0001). Significant differences in mean hospital case mix index included physician-owned surgical hospitals (mean 2.32; p < 0.0001), US News & World Report honorees (mean 2.24; p = 0.0140), and University HealthSystem Consortium members (mean 1.99; p < 0.0001), and Kaiser Permanente hospitals had lower case mix value (mean 1.54; p < 0.0001). Re-estimation of total performance scores did not change the original results after adjustment for differences in hospital case mix index. The Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program revealed superior hospital performance associated with business model. Closer inspection of high-value hospitals can guide value improvement and policy-making decisions for all Medicare Value-Based Purchasing Program Hospitals. Copyright © 2016 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Adaptive Control for Buck Power Converter Using Fixed Point Inducting Control and Zero Average Dynamics Strategies

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hoyos Velasco, Fredy Edimer; García, Nicolás Toro; Garcés Gómez, Yeison Alberto

    In this paper, the output voltage of a buck power converter is controlled by means of a quasi-sliding scheme. The Fixed Point Inducting Control (FPIC) technique is used for the control design, based on the Zero Average Dynamics (ZAD) strategy, including load estimation by means of the Least Mean Squares (LMS) method. The control scheme is tested in a Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) system based on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) for dSPACE platform. The closed loop system shows adequate performance. The experimental and simulation results match. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce the load estimator by means of LMS, to make ZAD and FPIC control feasible in load variation conditions. In addition, comparison results for controlled buck converter with SMC, PID and ZAD-FPIC control techniques are shown.

  3. 40 CFR 160.45 - Test system supply facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... aquatic plants. (2) Facilities for plant growth, including, but not limited to greenhouses, growth... preserved by appropriate means. (b) When appropriate, plant supply facilities shall be provided. As...

  4. 40 CFR 160.45 - Test system supply facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... aquatic plants. (2) Facilities for plant growth, including, but not limited to greenhouses, growth... preserved by appropriate means. (b) When appropriate, plant supply facilities shall be provided. As...

  5. 40 CFR 160.45 - Test system supply facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... aquatic plants. (2) Facilities for plant growth, including, but not limited to greenhouses, growth... preserved by appropriate means. (b) When appropriate, plant supply facilities shall be provided. As...

  6. Intelligent Ensemble Forecasting System of Stock Market Fluctuations Based on Symetric and Asymetric Wavelet Functions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lahmiri, Salim; Boukadoum, Mounir

    2015-08-01

    We present a new ensemble system for stock market returns prediction where continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used to analyze return series and backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs) for processing CWT-based coefficients, determining the optimal ensemble weights, and providing final forecasts. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used for finding optimal weights and biases for each BPNN. To capture symmetry/asymmetry in the underlying data, three wavelet functions with different shapes are adopted. The proposed ensemble system was tested on three Asian stock markets: The Hang Seng, KOSPI, and Taiwan stock market data. Three statistical metrics were used to evaluate the forecasting accuracy; including, mean of absolute errors (MAE), root mean of squared errors (RMSE), and mean of absolute deviations (MADs). Experimental results showed that our proposed ensemble system outperformed the individual CWT-ANN models each with different wavelet function. In addition, the proposed ensemble system outperformed the conventional autoregressive moving average process. As a result, the proposed ensemble system is suitable to capture symmetry/asymmetry in financial data fluctuations for better prediction accuracy.

  7. Underground barrier construction apparatus with soil-retaining shield

    DOEpatents

    Gardner, Bradley M.; Smith, Ann Marie; Hanson, Richard W.; Hodges, Richard T.

    1998-01-01

    An apparatus for building a horizontal underground barrier by cutting through soil and depositing a slurry, preferably one which cures into a hardened material. The apparatus includes a digging means for cutting and removing soil to create a void under the surface of the ground, a shield means for maintaining the void, and injection means for inserting barrier-forming material into the void. In one embodiment, the digging means is a continuous cutting chain. Mounted on the continuous cutting chain are cutter teeth for cutting through soil and discharge paddles for removing the loosened soil. This invention includes a barrier placement machine, a method for building an underground horizontal containment barrier using the barrier placement machine, and the underground containment system. Preferably the underground containment barrier goes underneath and around the site to be contained in a bathtub-type containment.

  8. 34 CFR 381.5 - What definitions apply?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... or a group or class of individuals, in which case it is systems (or systemic) advocacy; or (3... District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American..., in which case State does not mean or include Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands...

  9. 23 CFR 970.214 - Federal lands congestion management system (CMS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... experiencing congestion, the NPS shall develop a separate CMS to cover those facilities. Approaches may include... congestion management strategies; (v) Determine methods to monitor and evaluate the performance of the multi... means the level at which transportation system performance is no longer acceptable due to traffic...

  10. 23 CFR 970.214 - Federal lands congestion management system (CMS).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... experiencing congestion, the NPS shall develop a separate CMS to cover those facilities. Approaches may include... congestion management strategies; (v) Determine methods to monitor and evaluate the performance of the multi... means the level at which transportation system performance is no longer acceptable due to traffic...

  11. Heat pump having improved defrost system

    DOEpatents

    Chen, Fang C.; Mei, Viung C.; Murphy, Richard W.

    1998-01-01

    A heat pump system includes, in an operable relationship for transferring heat between an exterior atmosphere and an interior atmosphere via a fluid refrigerant: a compressor; an interior heat exchanger; an exterior heat exchanger; an accumulator; and means for heating the accumulator in order to defrost the exterior heat exchanger.

  12. 43 CFR 17.303 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3)(i) An entire..., including: (i) Transfers or leases of property for less than fair market value or for reduced consideration... market value is not returned to the Federal Government. (i) FMCS means the Federal Mediation and...

  13. 45 CFR 1151.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3..., including: (i) Transfers of leases of such property for less than fair market value or for reduced... its fair market value is not returned to the Federal Government. (g) Facility means all or any portion...

  14. 45 CFR 1151.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3..., including: (i) Transfers of leases of such property for less than fair market value or for reduced... its fair market value is not returned to the Federal Government. (g) Facility means all or any portion...

  15. Heat pump having improved defrost system

    DOEpatents

    Chen, F.C.; Mei, V.C.; Murphy, R.W.

    1998-12-08

    A heat pump system includes, in an operable relationship for transferring heat between an exterior atmosphere and an interior atmosphere via a fluid refrigerant: a compressor; an interior heat exchanger; an exterior heat exchanger; an accumulator; and means for heating the accumulator in order to defrost the exterior heat exchanger. 2 figs.

  16. Vibrating-chamber levitation systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barmatz, M. B.; Granett, D.; Lee, M. C. (Inventor)

    1985-01-01

    Systems are described for the acoustic levitation of objects, which enable the use of a sealed rigid chamber to avoid contamination of the levitated object. The apparatus includes a housing forming a substantially closed chamber, and means for vibrating the entire housing at a frequency that produces an acoustic standing wave pattern within the chamber.

  17. 12 CFR 235.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED... transactions over a payment card network. An acquirer does not include a person that acts only as a processor... management or policies of the company, as the Board determines. (f) Debit card (1) Means any card, or other...

  18. 12 CFR 235.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED... transactions over a payment card network. An acquirer does not include a person that acts only as a processor... management or policies of the company, as the Board determines. (f) Debit card (1) Means any card, or other...

  19. 12 CFR 235.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED... transactions over a payment card network. An acquirer does not include a person that acts only as a processor... management or policies of the company, as the Board determines. (f) Debit card (1) Means any card, or other...

  20. 40 CFR 60.4219 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... given them in the CAA and in subpart A of this part. Combustion turbine means all equipment, including but not limited to the turbine, the fuel, air, lubrication and exhaust gas systems, control systems... simple cycle combustion turbine, any regenerative/recuperative cycle combustion turbine, the combustion...

  1. Graphical Means for Inspecting Qualitative Models of System Behaviour

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bouwer, Anders; Bredeweg, Bert

    2010-01-01

    This article presents the design and evaluation of a tool for inspecting conceptual models of system behaviour. The basis for this research is the Garp framework for qualitative simulation. This framework includes modelling primitives, such as entities, quantities and causal dependencies, which are combined into model fragments and scenarios.…

  2. Design of robust systems by means of the numerical optimization with harmonic changing of the model parameters

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhmud, V. A.; Reva, I. L.; Dimitrov, L. V.

    2017-01-01

    The design of robust feedback systems by means of the numerical optimization method is mostly accomplished with modeling of the several systems simultaneously. In each such system, regulators are similar. But the object models are different. It includes all edge values from the possible variants of the object model parameters. With all this, not all possible sets of model parameters are taken into account. Hence, the regulator can be not robust, i. e. it can not provide system stability in some cases, which were not tested during the optimization procedure. The paper proposes an alternative method. It consists in sequent changing of all parameters according to harmonic low. The frequencies of changing of each parameter are aliquant. It provides full covering of the parameters space.

  3. ADAM: An Axisymmetric Duct Aeroacoustic Modeling system. [aircraft turbofan engines

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Abrahamson, A. L.

    1983-01-01

    An interconnected system of computer programs for analyzing the propagation and attenuation of sound in aeroengine ducts containing realistic compressible subsonic mean flows, ADAM was developed primarily for research directed towards the reduction of noise emitted from turbofan aircraft engines. The two basic components are a streamtube curvature program for determination of the mean flow, and a finite element code for solution of the acoustic propagation problem. The system, which has been specifically tailored for ease of use, is presently installed at NASA Langley Reseach Center on a Control Data Cyber 175 Computer under the NOS Operating system employing a Tektronix terminal for interactive graphics. The scope and organization of the ADAM system is described. A users guide, examples of input data, and results for selected cases are included.

  4. Biofiltration for air pollution control

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Devinny, J.; Deshusses, M.; Webster, T.

    1998-12-31

    The book details biofilter design and operation concepts used by engineers and others; conveys a basic understanding of how biofiltration works by means of contaminant adsorption and biodegradation; and includes otherwise hard-to-find information on the economics of choosing among various biofiltration systems, including details on important designs used in the field.

  5. 33 CFR 148.5 - How are terms used in this subchapter defined?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... certifying systems and/or components associated with deepwater ports as safe and suitable for their intended... conduct the business of the board of directors. Coastal environment means the coastal waters including the... this subchapter. Marine environment includes: (1) The coastal environment, waters of the contiguous...

  6. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nekoogar, Faranak; Reynolds, Matthew; Lefton, Scott

    A secure optionally passive RFID tag or sensor system comprises a passive RFID tag having means for receiving radio signals from at least one base station and for transmitting radio signals to at least one base station, where the tag is capable of being powered exclusively by received radio energy, and an external power and data logging device having at least one battery and electronic circuitry including a digital memory configured for storing and recalling data. The external power and data logging device has a means for powering the tag, and also has a means.

  7. HORIZONTAL BOILING REACTOR SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Treshow, M.

    1958-11-18

    Reactors of the boiling water type are described wherein water serves both as the moderator and coolant. The reactor system consists essentially of a horizontal pressure vessel divided into two compartments by a weir, a thermal neutronic reactor core having vertical coolant passages and designed to use water as a moderator-coolant posltioned in one compartment, means for removing live steam from the other compartment and means for conveying feed-water and water from the steam compartment to the reactor compartment. The system further includes auxiliary apparatus to utilize the steam for driving a turbine and returning the condensate to the feed-water inlet of the reactor. The entire system is designed so that the reactor is self-regulating and has self-limiting power and self-limiting pressure features.

  8. Variation in pediatric outpatient adenotonsillectomy costs in a multihospital network.

    PubMed

    Meier, Jeremy D; Zhang, Yingying; Greene, Tom H; Curtis, Jonathan L; Srivastava, Rajendu

    2015-05-01

    Identify hospital costs for same-day pediatric adenotonsillectomy (T&A) surgery, and evaluate surgeon, hospital, and patient factors influencing variation in costs, and compare relationship of costs to complications for T&A. Observational retrospective cohort study. A multihospital network's standardized activity-based accounting system was used to determine hospital costs per T&A from 1998 to 2012. Children 1 to 18 years old who underwent same-day T&A surgery were included. Subjects with additional procedures were excluded. Mixed effects analyses were performed to identify variation in mean costs due to surgeon, hospital, and patient factors. Surgeons' mean cost/case was related to subsequent complications, defined as any unplanned visit within 21 days in the healthcare system. The study cohort included 26,626 T&As performed by 66 surgeons at 18 hospitals. Mean cost per T&A was $1,355 ± $505. Mixed effects analysis using patient factors as fixed effects and surgeon and hospital as a random effect identified significant variation in mean costs per surgeon, with 95% of surgeons having a mean cost/case between 67% and 150% of the overall mean (range, $874-$2,232/case). Similar variability was found among hospitals, with 95% of the facilities having mean costs between 64% to 156% of the mean (range, $1,029-$2,385/case). Severity of illness and several other patient factors exhibited small but statistically significant associations with cost. Surgeons' mean cost/case was moderately associated with an increased complication rate. Significant variation in same-day pediatric T&A surgery costs exists among different surgeons and hospitals within a multihospital network. Reducing variation in costs while maintaining outcomes may improve healthcare value and eliminate waste. 4. © 2014 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

  9. System and method for reducing combustion dynamics in a combustor

    DOEpatents

    Uhm, Jong Ho; Ziminsky, Willy Steve; Johnson, Thomas Edward; Srinivasan, Shiva; York, William David

    2016-11-29

    A system for reducing combustion dynamics in a combustor includes an end cap that extends radially across the combustor and includes an upstream surface axially separated from a downstream surface. A combustion chamber is downstream of the end cap, and tubes extend from the upstream surface through the downstream surface. Each tube provides fluid communication through the end cap to the combustion chamber. The system further includes means for reducing combustion dynamics in the combustor. A method for reducing combustion dynamics in a combustor includes flowing a working fluid through tubes that extend axially through an end cap that extends radially across the combustor and obstructing at least a portion of the working fluid flowing through a first set of the tubes.

  10. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Godwin, Aaron

    The scope will be limited to analyzing the effect of the EFC within the system and how one improperly installed coupling affects the rest of the HPFL system. The discussion will include normal operations, impaired flow, and service interruptions. Normal operations are defined as two-way flow to buildings. Impaired operations are defined as a building that only has one-way flow being provided to the building. Service interruptions will be when a building does not have water available to it. The project will look at the following aspects of the reliability of the HPFL system: mean time to failure (MTTF) ofmore » EFCs, mean time between failures (MTBF), series system models, and parallel system models. These calculations will then be used to discuss the reliability of the system when one of the couplings fails. Compare the reliability of two-way feeds versus one-way feeds.« less

  11. 48 CFR 7.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... that involve redesign of systems or subsystems. Life-cycle cost means the total cost to the Government... included, at the most appropriate time in the acquisition cycle, in solicitations and resulting contracts...

  12. 48 CFR 7.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... that involve redesign of systems or subsystems. Life-cycle cost means the total cost to the Government... included, at the most appropriate time in the acquisition cycle, in solicitations and resulting contracts...

  13. 48 CFR 7.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... that involve redesign of systems or subsystems. Life-cycle cost means the total cost to the Government... included, at the most appropriate time in the acquisition cycle, in solicitations and resulting contracts...

  14. A clinical pilot study of a modular video-CT augmentation system for image-guided skull base surgery

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Wen P.; Mirota, Daniel J.; Uneri, Ali; Otake, Yoshito; Hager, Gregory; Reh, Douglas D.; Ishii, Masaru; Gallia, Gary L.; Siewerdsen, Jeffrey H.

    2012-02-01

    Augmentation of endoscopic video with preoperative or intraoperative image data [e.g., planning data and/or anatomical segmentations defined in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR)], can improve navigation, spatial orientation, confidence, and tissue resection in skull base surgery, especially with respect to critical neurovascular structures that may be difficult to visualize in the video scene. This paper presents the engineering and evaluation of a video augmentation system for endoscopic skull base surgery translated to use in a clinical study. Extension of previous research yielded a practical system with a modular design that can be applied to other endoscopic surgeries, including orthopedic, abdominal, and thoracic procedures. A clinical pilot study is underway to assess feasibility and benefit to surgical performance by overlaying CT or MR planning data in realtime, high-definition endoscopic video. Preoperative planning included segmentation of the carotid arteries, optic nerves, and surgical target volume (e.g., tumor). An automated camera calibration process was developed that demonstrates mean re-projection accuracy (0.7+/-0.3) pixels and mean target registration error of (2.3+/-1.5) mm. An IRB-approved clinical study involving fifteen patients undergoing skull base tumor surgery is underway in which each surgery includes the experimental video-CT system deployed in parallel to the standard-of-care (unaugmented) video display. Questionnaires distributed to one neurosurgeon and two otolaryngologists are used to assess primary outcome measures regarding the benefit to surgical confidence in localizing critical structures and targets by means of video overlay during surgical approach, resection, and reconstruction.

  15. A high speed telemetry data link for an autonomous roving vehicle

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cipolle, D. J.

    1980-01-01

    A data link system used on a prototype autonomous roving vehicle is described. This system provides a means of acquiring, formatting, and transmitting information on board the vehicle to a controlling computer. Included is a statement of requirements and the design philosophy. Additionally, interfacing with the rover systems is discussed, along with the overall performance of the telemetry link.

  16. Software For Computer-Aided Design Of Control Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wette, Matthew

    1994-01-01

    Computer Aided Engineering System (CAESY) software developed to provide means to evaluate methods for dealing with users' needs in computer-aided design of control systems. Interpreter program for performing engineering calculations. Incorporates features of both Ada and MATLAB. Designed to be flexible and powerful. Includes internally defined functions, procedures and provides for definition of functions and procedures by user. Written in C language.

  17. The impact of a physician-directed health information technology system on diabetes outcomes in primary care: a pre- and post-implementation study.

    PubMed

    Hunt, Jacquelyn S; Siemienczuk, Joseph; Gillanders, William; LeBlanc, Benjamin H; Rozenfeld, Yelena; Bonin, Kerry; Pape, Ginger

    2009-01-01

    To determine the impact of a physician-directed, multifaceted health information technology (HIT) system on diabetes outcomes. A pre/post-interventional study. The setting was Providence Primary Care Research Network in Oregon, with approximately 71 physicians caring for 117 369 patients in 13 clinic locations. The study covered Network patients with diabetes age 18 years and older. The study intervention included implementation of the CareManager HIT system which augments an electronic medical record (EMR) by automating physician driven quality improvement interventions, including point-of-care decision support and care reminders, diabetes registry with care prompts, performance feedback with benchmarking and access to published evidence and patient educational materials. The primary clinical measures included the change in mean value for low density lipoprotein (LDL) target <100 mg/dL or 2.6 mmol/l, blood pressure (BP) target <130/80 mmHg and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) target <7%, and the proportion of patients meeting guideline-recommended targets for those measures. All measures were analysed using closed and open cohort approaches. A total of 6072 patients were identified at baseline, 70% of whom were continuously enrolled during the 24-month study. Significant improvements were observed in all diabetes related outcomes except mean HbA1c. LDL goal attainment improved from 32% to 56% (P=0.002), while mean LDL decreased by 13 mg/dL (0.33 mmol/l, P=0.002). BP goal attainment increased significantly from 30% to 52%, with significant decreases in both mean systolic and diastolic BP. The proportion of patients with an HbA1c below 7% was higher at the end of the study (P=0.008). Mean patient satisfaction remained high, with no significant difference between baseline and follow-up. Total Relative Value Units per patient per year significantly increased as a result of an increase in the number of visits in year one and the coding complexity throughout. Implementation of a physician-directed, multifaceted HIT system in primary care was associated with significantly improved diabetes process and outcome measures.

  18. Defining the Levels of Adjustable Autonomy: A Means of Improving Resilience in an Unmanned Aerial System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-09-01

    efficient yet safe operations. • Further understanding of human psychology in the operation of autonomous systems. • Interfaces, be they visual...that system, especially when included in aspects or during times where automation backup is required, when the human-operators anticipatory skills...political and psychological domains, where it connotes self-determination (Christman 2009). The autonomous systems domain that has evolved since

  19. Infrared laser system

    DOEpatents

    Cantrell, Cyrus D.; Carbone, Robert J.; Cooper, Ralph S.

    1977-01-01

    An infrared laser system and method for isotope separation may comprise a molecular gas laser oscillator to produce a laser beam at a first wavelength, Raman spin flip means for shifting the laser to a second wavelength, a molecular gas laser amplifier to amplify said second wavelength laser beam to high power, and optical means for directing the second wavelength, high power laser beam against a desired isotope for selective excitation thereof in a mixture with other isotopes. The optical means may include a medium which shifts the second wavelength high power laser beam to a third wavelength, high power laser beam at a wavelength coincidental with a corresponding vibrational state of said isotope and which is different from vibrational states of other isotopes in the gas mixture.

  20. Infrared laser system

    DOEpatents

    Cantrell, Cyrus D.; Carbone, Robert J.; Cooper, Ralph

    1982-01-01

    An infrared laser system and method for isotope separation may comprise a molecular gas laser oscillator to produce a laser beam at a first wavelength, Raman spin flip means for shifting the laser to a second wavelength, a molecular gas laser amplifier to amplify said second wavelength laser beam to high power, and optical means for directing the second wavelength, high power laser beam against a desired isotope for selective excitation thereof in a mixture with other isotopes. The optical means may include a medium which shifts the second wavelength high power laser beam to a third wavelength, high power laser beam at a wavelength coincidental with a corresponding vibrational state of said isotope and which is different from vibrational states of other isotopes in the gas mixture.

  1. Earth physicist describes US nuclear test monitoring system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1986-01-01

    The U. S. capabilities to monitor underground nuclear weapons tests in the USSR was examined. American methods used in monitoring the underground nuclear tests are enumerated. The U. S. technical means of monitoring Solviet nuclear weapons testing, and whether it is possible to conduct tests that could not be detected by these means are examined. The worldwide seismic station network in 55 countries available to the U. S. for seismic detection and measurement of underground nuclear explosions, and also the systems of seismic research observatories in 15 countries and seismic grouping stations in 12 countries are outlined including the advanced computerized data processing capabilities of these facilities. The level of capability of the U. S. seismic system for monitoring nuclear tests, other, nonseismic means of monitoring, such as hydroacoustic and recording of effects in the atmosphere, ionosphere, and the Earth's magnetic field, are discussed.

  2. Results following implantation of mechanical circulatory support systems: The Montreal Heart Institute experience

    PubMed Central

    El-Hamamsy, Ismaïl; Jacques, Frédéric; Perrault, Louis P; Bouchard, Denis; Demers, Philippe; White, Michel; Pelletier, Guy B; Racine, Normand; Pellerin, Michel; Carrier, Michel

    2009-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Mechanical circulatory support systems (MCSS) have been available in Canada since 1986. Accepted indications include bridging to transplantation or recovery. The present study reviewed the results following MCSS implantation at the Montreal Heart Institute (Montreal, Quebec). METHODS: From September 1987 to September 2006, 43 MCSS were implanted (32 Thoratec [Thoratec Corporation, USA], nine Cardio West TAH [SynCardia Systems Inc, USA], two Novacor [World Heart Corporation, Canada]) in 43 patients (mean [± SD] age 44±13 years; range 19 to 64 years). Indications for implantation included cardiogenic shock due to ischemic (n=19), viral (n=10) or other types of cardiomyopathies (n=14). RESULTS: The mean ejection fraction before implantation was 17.6±6.5% (range 10% to 45%). Before MCSS implantation, most patients showed signs of end-organ failure, including mechanical ventilation (77%), central venous pressure higher than 16 mmHg (44%), oliguria (35%) and hepatic dysfunction (19%). The mean duration of MCSS support was 22.8±32.8 days (range one to 158 days). Survival to transplantation or recovery was 74%. Only one patient was successfully bridged to recovery. Complications were common during MCSS support. They included re-exploration for bleeding (47%), respiratory failure (44%), renal failure requiring temporary dialysis (40%), infection (33%) and neurological events (16%). Only one patient had device failure. In patients successfully bridged to transplantation, early actuarial survival (one month) following transplantation averaged 71±8% and was 57±9% at one year. CONCLUSION: MCSS support with a left ventricular assist device or a total artificial heart provides an effective means of bridging terminally ill patients to transplantation or recovery. Early survival after transplantation shows satisfactory results. However, these results come at the expense of frequent device-related complications, and device failure remains a constant threat. PMID:19214294

  3. 43 CFR 37.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... described in this part. (b) Cave means any naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnected passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge, including any cave resource...

  4. 43 CFR 37.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... described in this part. (b) Cave means any naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnected passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge, including any cave resource...

  5. 43 CFR 37.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... described in this part. (b) Cave means any naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnected passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge, including any cave resource...

  6. 43 CFR 37.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... described in this part. (b) Cave means any naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnected passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge, including any cave resource...

  7. 43 CFR 37.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... described in this part. (b) Cave means any naturally occurring void, cavity, recess, or system of interconnected passages beneath the surface of the earth or within a cliff or ledge, including any cave resource...

  8. Dosimetric validation and clinical implementation of two 3D dose verification systems for quality assurance in volumetric-modulated arc therapy techniques.

    PubMed

    Clemente-Gutiérrez, Francisco; Pérez-Vara, Consuelo

    2015-03-08

    A pretreatment quality assurance program for volumetric techniques should include redundant calculations and measurement-based verifications. The patient-specific quality assurance process must be based in clinically relevant metrics. The aim of this study was to show the commission, clinical implementation, and comparison of two systems that allow performing a 3D redundant dose calculation. In addition, one of them is capable of reconstructing the dose on patient anatomy from measurements taken with a 2D ion chamber array. Both systems were compared in terms of reference calibration data (absolute dose, output factors, percentage depth-dose curves, and profiles). Results were in good agreement for absolute dose values (discrepancies were below 0.5%) and output factors (mean differences were below 1%). Maximum mean discrepancies were located between 10 and 20 cm of depth for PDDs (-2.7%) and in the penumbra region for profiles (mean DTA of 1.5 mm). Validation of the systems was performed by comparing point-dose measurements with values obtained by the two systems for static, dynamic fields from AAPM TG-119 report, and 12 real VMAT plans for different anatomical sites (differences better than 1.2%). Comparisons between measurements taken with a 2D ion chamber array and results obtained by both systems for real VMAT plans were also performed (mean global gamma passing rates better than 87.0% and 97.9% for the 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria). Clinical implementation of the systems was evaluated by comparing dose-volume parameters for all TG-119 tests and real VMAT plans with TPS values (mean differences were below 1%). In addition, comparisons between dose distributions calculated by TPS and those extracted by the two systems for real VMAT plans were also performed (mean global gamma passing rates better than 86.0% and 93.0% for the 2%/2 mm and 3%/ 3 mm criteria). The clinical use of both systems was successfully evaluated.

  9. Semiosis stems from logical incompatibility in organic nature: Why biophysics does not see meaning, while biosemiotics does.

    PubMed

    Kull, Kalevi

    2015-12-01

    We suggest here a model of the origin of the phenomenal world via the naturalization of logical conflict or incompatibility (which is broader than, but includes logical contradiction). Physics rules out the reality of meaning because of the method of formalization, which requires that logical conflicts cannot be part of the model. We argue that (a) meaning-making requires a logical conflict; (b) logical conflict assumes a phenomenal present; (c) phenomenological specious present occurs in living systems as widely as meaning-making; (d) it is possible to provide a physiological description of a system in which the phenomenal present appears and choices are made; (e) logical conflict, or incompatibility itself, is the mechanism of intentionality; (f) meaning-making is assured by scaffolding, which is a product of earlier choices, or decision-making, or interpretation. This model can be seen as a model of semiosis. It also allows putting physiology and phenomenology (or physics and semiotics) into a natural connection. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  10. Social-Ecological Resilience and Environmental Education: Synopsis, Application, Implications

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Plummer, Ryan

    2010-01-01

    The resilience approach is rooted in ecology and is being advanced as a means to understand change in social-ecological systems. How can resilience be applied to understanding change in social systems, including in environmental education? In probing this question the main resilience approaches are described, the manner in which they may be…

  11. Tee It up!: Implementing a TPSR System in a High School Golf Unit

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Busch, Nikki; Lavay, Barry

    2012-01-01

    Implementing Hellison's "Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility" (TPSR) system can help students take responsibility for their own behavior by helping students understand what it means to demonstrate appropriate behavior at various levels of responsibility. The levels range from zero through five and include: 0) irresponsibility, 1) respect,…

  12. Setting the Standard. International Forum on Education in Penal Systems Conference Proceedings (Adelaide, Australia, April 5-7, 1998).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Semmens, Bob, Ed.; Cook, Sandy, Ed.

    This document contains 19 papers presented at an international forum on education in penal systems. The following papers are included: "Burning" (Craig W.J. Minogue); "The Acquisition of Cognitive Skills as a Means of Recidivism Reduction: A Former Prisoner's Perspective" (Trevor Darryl Doherty); "CEA (Correctional…

  13. Comparative Education. ASHE Reader Series.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kempner, Ken, Ed.; Mollis, Marcela, Ed.; Tierney, William G., Ed.

    The chapters in this collection explore why particular national higher education systems operate as they do and the effects these systems have on one another, on national and global development, and on the production of knowledge. The works included in this reader address the assessment of inputs and outputs of institutions and the meaning these…

  14. 30 CFR 253.3 - How are the terms used in this regulation defined?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) bay feature class. A GNIS bay includes an arm, bay, bight, cove... damages or removal costs resulting from an oil-spill discharge or a substantial threat of the discharge of.... 9509). Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) means the database developed by the USGS in...

  15. Potential means of cost reduction in grade crossing automatic gate systems. volume II : improved gate arm concepts for railroad/highway grade crossings gate systems

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1977-02-28

    This report, Volume II of a two-volume study, examines the potential for reduction of the cost of installing and maintaining automatic gates at railroad-highway grade crossings. It includes a review of current practices, equipment, and standards; con...

  16. Study to investigate and evaluate means of optimizing the radar function. [systems engineering of pulse radar for the space shuttle

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1975-01-01

    The investigations for a rendezvous radar system design and an integrated radar/communication system design are presented. Based on these investigations, system block diagrams are given and system parameters are optimized for the noncoherent pulse and coherent pulse Doppler radar modulation types. Both cooperative (transponder) and passive radar operation are examined including the optimization of the corresponding transponder design for the cooperative mode of operation.

  17. Fuel cell gas management system

    DOEpatents

    DuBose, Ronald Arthur

    2000-01-11

    A fuel cell gas management system including a cathode humidification system for transferring latent and sensible heat from an exhaust stream to the cathode inlet stream of the fuel cell; an anode humidity retention system for maintaining the total enthalpy of the anode stream exiting the fuel cell equal to the total enthalpy of the anode inlet stream; and a cooling water management system having segregated deionized water and cooling water loops interconnected by means of a brazed plate heat exchanger.

  18. 78 FR 42584 - Additional Designation of Aluminat, Pars Amayesh Sanaat Kish, Parviz Khaki, Pishro Systems...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-16

    ... Order 13382, ``Blocking Property of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferators and Their Supporters... materially contributed to, or pose a risk of materially contributing to, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or their means of delivery (including missiles capable of delivering such weapons), including any...

  19. 40 CFR 63.11132 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... an internal combustion engine (including the fuel system) that is not used in a motor vehicle or a... internal combustion engines. Gasoline cargo tank means a delivery tank truck or railcar which is loading or... motor vehicle, motor vehicle engine, nonroad vehicle, or nonroad engine, including a nonroad vehicle or...

  20. Nursing Information Systems Requirements: A Milestone for Patient Outcome and Patient Safety Improvement.

    PubMed

    Farzandipour, Mehrdad; Meidani, Zahra; Riazi, Hossein; Sadeqi Jabali, Monireh

    2016-12-01

    Considering the integral role of understanding users' requirements in information system success, this research aimed to determine functional requirements of nursing information systems through a national survey. Delphi technique method was applied to conduct this study through three phases: focus group method modified Delphi technique and classic Delphi technique. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the proposed requirements within 15 general hospitals in Iran. Forty-three of 76 approved requirements were clinical, and 33 were administrative ones. Nurses' mean agreements for clinical requirements were higher than those of administrative requirements; minimum and maximum means of clinical requirements were 3.3 and 3.88, respectively. Minimum and maximum means of administrative requirements were 3.1 and 3.47, respectively. Research findings indicated that those information system requirements that support nurses in doing tasks including direct care, medicine prescription, patient treatment management, and patient safety have been the target of special attention. As nurses' requirements deal directly with patient outcome and patient safety, nursing information systems requirements should not only address automation but also nurses' tasks and work processes based on work analysis.

  1. Hybrid Modified K-Means with C4.5 for Intrusion Detection Systems in Multiagent Systems

    PubMed Central

    Laftah Al-Yaseen, Wathiq; Ali Othman, Zulaiha; Ahmad Nazri, Mohd Zakree

    2015-01-01

    Presently, the processing time and performance of intrusion detection systems are of great importance due to the increased speed of traffic data networks and a growing number of attacks on networks and computers. Several approaches have been proposed to address this issue, including hybridizing with several algorithms. However, this paper aims at proposing a hybrid of modified K-means with C4.5 intrusion detection system in a multiagent system (MAS-IDS). The MAS-IDS consists of three agents, namely, coordinator, analysis, and communication agent. The basic concept underpinning the utilized MAS is dividing the large captured network dataset into a number of subsets and distributing these to a number of agents depending on the data network size and core CPU availability. KDD Cup 1999 dataset is used for evaluation. The proposed hybrid modified K-means with C4.5 classification in MAS is developed in JADE platform. The results show that compared to the current methods, the MAS-IDS reduces the IDS processing time by up to 70%, while improving the detection accuracy. PMID:26161437

  2. Hybrid Modified K-Means with C4.5 for Intrusion Detection Systems in Multiagent Systems.

    PubMed

    Laftah Al-Yaseen, Wathiq; Ali Othman, Zulaiha; Ahmad Nazri, Mohd Zakree

    2015-01-01

    Presently, the processing time and performance of intrusion detection systems are of great importance due to the increased speed of traffic data networks and a growing number of attacks on networks and computers. Several approaches have been proposed to address this issue, including hybridizing with several algorithms. However, this paper aims at proposing a hybrid of modified K-means with C4.5 intrusion detection system in a multiagent system (MAS-IDS). The MAS-IDS consists of three agents, namely, coordinator, analysis, and communication agent. The basic concept underpinning the utilized MAS is dividing the large captured network dataset into a number of subsets and distributing these to a number of agents depending on the data network size and core CPU availability. KDD Cup 1999 dataset is used for evaluation. The proposed hybrid modified K-means with C4.5 classification in MAS is developed in JADE platform. The results show that compared to the current methods, the MAS-IDS reduces the IDS processing time by up to 70%, while improving the detection accuracy.

  3. Underground barrier construction apparatus with soil-retaining shield

    DOEpatents

    Gardner, B.M.; Smith, A.M.; Hanson, R.W.; Hodges, R.T.

    1998-08-04

    An apparatus is described for building a horizontal underground barrier by cutting through soil and depositing a slurry, preferably one which cures into a hardened material. The apparatus includes a digging means for cutting and removing soil to create a void under the surface of the ground, a shield means for maintaining the void, and injection means for inserting barrier-forming material into the void. In one embodiment, the digging means is a continuous cutting chain. Mounted on the continuous cutting chain are cutter teeth for cutting through soil and discharge paddles for removing the loosened soil. This invention includes a barrier placement machine, a method for building an underground horizontal containment barrier using the barrier placement machine, and the underground containment system. Preferably the underground containment barrier goes underneath and around the site to be contained in a bathtub-type containment. 17 figs.

  4. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Silva, Consuelo Juanita

    Recent amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act emphasize efforts toward safeguarding our nation's water supplies against attack and contamination. Specifically, the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 established requirements for each community water system serving more than 3300 people to conduct an assessment of the vulnerability of its system to a terrorist attack or other intentional acts. Integral to evaluating system vulnerability is the threat assessment, which is the process by which the credibility of a threat is quantified. Unfortunately, full probabilistic assessment is generally not feasible, as there is insufficient experience and/or datamore » to quantify the associated probabilities. For this reason, an alternative approach is proposed based on Markov Latent Effects (MLE) modeling, which provides a framework for quantifying imprecise subjective metrics through possibilistic or fuzzy mathematics. Here, an MLE model for water systems is developed and demonstrated to determine threat assessments for different scenarios identified by the assailant, asset, and means. Scenario assailants include terrorists, insiders, and vandals. Assets include a water treatment plant, water storage tank, node, pipeline, well, and a pump station. Means used in attacks include contamination (onsite chemicals, biological and chemical), explosives and vandalism. Results demonstrated highest threats are vandalism events and least likely events are those performed by a terrorist.« less

  5. Energy conversion system

    DOEpatents

    Murphy, Lawrence M.

    1987-01-01

    The energy conversion system includes a photo-voltaic array for receiving solar radiation and converting such radiation to electrical energy. The photo-voltaic array is mounted on a stretched membrane that is held by a frame. Tracking means for orienting the photo-voltaic array in predetermined positions that provide optimal exposure to solar radiation cooperate with the frame. An enclosure formed of a radiation transmissible material includes an inside containment space that accommodates the photo-voltaic array on the stretched membrane, the frame and the tracking means, and forms a protective shield for all such components. The enclosure is preferably formed of a flexible inflatable material and maintains its preferred form, such as a dome, under the influence of a low air pressure furnished to the dome. Under this arrangement the energy conversion system is streamlined for minimizing wind resistance, sufficiently weatherproof for providing protection against weather hazards such as hail, capable of using diffused light, lightweight for low-cost construction, and operational with a minimal power draw.

  6. Energy conversion system

    DOEpatents

    Murphy, L.M.

    1985-09-16

    The energy conversion system includes a photo-voltaic array for receiving solar radiation and converting such radiation to electrical energy. The photo-voltaic array is mounted on a stretched membrane that is held by a frame. Tracking means for orienting the photo-voltaic array in predetermined positions that provide optimal exposure to solar radiation cooperate with the frame. An enclosure formed of a radiation transmissible material includes an inside containment space that accommodates the photo-voltaic array on the stretched membrane, the frame and the tracking means, and forms a protective shield for all such components. The enclosure is preferably formed of a flexible inflatable material and maintains its preferred form, such as a dome, under the influence of a low air pressure furnished to the dome. Under this arrangement the energy conversion system is streamlined for minimizing wind resistance, sufficiently weathproof for providing protection against weather hazards such as hail, capable of using diffused light, lightweight for low-cost construction and operational with a minimal power draw.

  7. Transonic flight flutter tests of a control surface utilizing an impedance response technique

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mirowitz, L. I.

    1975-01-01

    Transonic flight flutter tests of the XF3H-1 Demon Airplane were conducted utilizing a frequency response technique in which the oscillating rudder provides the means of system excitation. These tests were conducted as a result of a rudder flutter incident in the transonic speed range. The technique employed is presented including a brief theoretical development of basic concepts. Test data obtained during the flight are included and the method of interpretation of these data is indicated. This method is based on an impedance matching technique. It is shown that an artificial stabilizing device, such as a damper, may be incorporated in the system for test purposes without complicating the interpretation of the test results of the normal configuration. Data are presented which define the margin of stability introduced to the originally unstable rudder by design changes which involve higher control system stiffness and external damper. It is concluded that this technique of flight flutter testing is a feasible means of obtaining flutter stability information in flight.

  8. The robustness in dynamics of out of equilibrium bidirectional transport systems with constrained entrances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sharma, Natasha; Verma, Atul Kumar; Gupta, Arvind Kumar

    2018-05-01

    Macroscopic and microscopic long-distance bidirectional transfer depends on connections between entrances and exits of various transport mediums. Persuaded by the associations, we introduce a small system module of Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process including oppositely directed species of particles moving on two parallel channels with constrained entrances. The dynamical rules which characterize the system obey symmetry between the two species and are identical for both the channels. The model displays a rich steady-state behavior, including symmetry breaking phenomenon. The phase diagram is analyzed theoretically within the mean-field approximation and substantiated with Monte Carlo simulations. Relevant mean-field calculations are also presented. We further compared the phase segregation with those observed in previous works, and it is examined that the structure of phase separation in proposed model is distinguished from earlier ones. Interestingly, for phases with broken symmetry, symmetry with respect to channels has been observed as the distinct particles behave differently while the similar type of particles exhibits the same conduct in the system. For symmetric phases, significant properties including currents and densities in the channels are identical for both types of particles. The effect of symmetry breaking occurrence on the Monte Carlo simulation results has also been examined based on particle density histograms. Finally, phase properties of the system having strong size dependency have been explored based on simulations findings.

  9. Automatic system for ionization chamber current measurements.

    PubMed

    Brancaccio, Franco; Dias, Mauro S; Koskinas, Marina F

    2004-12-01

    The present work describes an automatic system developed for current integration measurements at the Laboratório de Metrologia Nuclear of Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares. This system includes software (graphic user interface and control) and a module connected to a microcomputer, by means of a commercial data acquisition card. Measurements were performed in order to check the performance and for validating the proposed design.

  10. Task five report: Laser communications for data acquisition networks. [characteristics of lasers and laser systems for optical communication applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1973-01-01

    Laser communication technology and laser communication performance are reviewed. The subjects discussed are: (1) characteristics of laser communication systems, (2) laser technology problems, (3) means of overcoming laser technology problems, and (4) potential schedule for including laser communications into data acquisition networks. Various types of laser communication systems are described and their capabilities are defined.

  11. Spin and orbital exchange interactions from Dynamical Mean Field Theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Secchi, A.; Lichtenstein, A. I.; Katsnelson, M. I.

    2016-02-01

    We derive a set of equations expressing the parameters of the magnetic interactions characterizing a strongly correlated electronic system in terms of single-electron Green's functions and self-energies. This allows to establish a mapping between the initial electronic system and a spin model including up to quadratic interactions between the effective spins, with a general interaction (exchange) tensor that accounts for anisotropic exchange, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and other symmetric terms such as dipole-dipole interaction. We present the formulas in a format that can be used for computations via Dynamical Mean Field Theory algorithms.

  12. 49 CFR 571.301 - Standard No. 301; Fuel system integrity.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... alcohol fuel vehicles. Each vehicle shall have means that prevent any hose made of vinyl plastic or rubber... the vehicle, including bumpers and molding, but excluding such components as exterior mirrors...

  13. Dedicated short-range communications roadside unit specifications.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2017-04-28

    The Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Program definition of connected vehicles includes both 5.9 Gigahertz (GHz) Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) and non-DSRC technologies as means of facilitating communication for vehicle-to-vehicl...

  14. An Analysis of the Effect of Surface Heat Exchange on the Thermal Behavior of an Idealized Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Güven, O.; Melville, J. G.; Molz, F. J.

    1983-06-01

    Analytical expressions are derived for the temperature distribution and the mean temperature of an idealized aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system, taking into account the heat exchange at the ground surface and the finite thickness of the overlying layer above the storage aquifer. The analytical expressions for the mean temperature may be used to obtain rough estimates of first-cycle recovery factors for preliminary evaluations of shallow confined or unconfined ATES systems. The results, which are presented in nondimensional plots, indicate that surface heat exchange may have a significant influence on the thermal behavior of shallow ATES systems. Thus it is suggested that the effects of surface heat exchange should be considered carefully and included in the detailed analyses of such ATES systems.

  15. Possible designs of medication monitors. Final report

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Moulding, T.S.

    A medication monitor is a device which utilizes radioactive material and photographic film to determine when patients remove medication from a dispenser. The material presents multiple, largely mechanical, ideas for making this type of dispenser so it can be used for a wide range of medication regimens. The description includes using the idea of a digital clock and memory chips for the time recording system. It also includes details on (1) choice of radioactive source and method of sealing source, (2) methods of locking or sealing medication monitors, (3) detailed instructions for using existing devices, (4) a simplified film developmentmore » system, (5) a mechanical and electronic means for creating a dispenser to reduce the chance of suicidal overdosage, and (6) an electronic means to allow a patient to compensate for medication forgotten without taking an excessive dose of medication.« less

  16. Transparent Proxy for Secure E-Mail

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Michalák, Juraj; Hudec, Ladislav

    2010-05-01

    The paper deals with the security of e-mail messages and e-mail server implementation by means of a transparent SMTP proxy. The security features include encryption and signing of transported messages. The goal is to design and implement a software proxy for secure e-mail including its monitoring, administration, encryption and signing keys administration. In particular, we focus on automatic public key on-the-fly encryption and signing of e-mail messages according to S/MIME standard by means of an embedded computer system whose function can be briefly described as a brouter with transparent SMTP proxy.

  17. Bioconversion study conducted by JPL

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kalvinskas, J.

    1978-01-01

    The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) of Caltech conducted a study of bioconversion as a means of identifying the role of biomass for meeting the national energy fuel and chemical requirements and the role and means for JPL-Caltech involvement in bioconversion. The bioconversion study included the following categories; biomass sources, chemicals from biomass, thermochemical conversion of biomass to fuels, biological conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals, and basic bioconversion sciences. A detailed review is included of the bioconversion fields cited with specific conclusions and recommendations given for future research and development and overall biomass system engineering and economic studies.

  18. Follow-up Methodology: A Comprehensive Study and Evaluation of Academic, Technical and Vocational Del Mar College Graduates from September 1, 1973, Through August 31, 1975, Including Ways, Means, Instruments, Relationships, and Methods of Follow-up. TEX-SIS FOLLOW-UP SC4.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fite, Ronald S.

    This report details the research activities conducted by Del Mar College, as a subcontractor of Project FOLLOW-UP, in the design, development, and implementation of a graduate follow-up system. The activities included questionnaire design, development of manual and computerized record-keeping systems, student-graduate identification, and…

  19. Injection locked oscillator system for pulsed metal vapor lasers

    DOEpatents

    Warner, Bruce E.; Ault, Earl R.

    1988-01-01

    An injection locked oscillator system for pulsed metal vapor lasers is disclosed. The invention includes the combination of a seeding oscillator with an injection locked oscillator (ILO) for improving the quality, particularly the intensity, of an output laser beam pulse. The present invention includes means for matching the first seeder laser pulses from the seeding oscillator to second laser pulses of a metal vapor laser to improve the quality, and particularly the intensity, of the output laser beam pulse.

  20. Volcano deformation--Geodetic monitoring techniques

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dzurisin, Daniel; Lu, Zhong

    2007-01-01

    This book describes the techniques used by volcanologists to successfully predict several recent volcanic eruptions by combining information from various scientific disciplines, including geodetic techniques. Many recent developments in the use of state-of-the-art and emerging techniques, including Global Positioning System and Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, mean that most books on volcanology are out of date, and this book includes chapters devoted entirely to these two techniques.

  1. Adaptive controller for regenerative and friction braking system

    DOEpatents

    Davis, R.I.

    1990-10-16

    A regenerative and friction braking system for a vehicle having one or more road wheels driven by an electric traction motor includes a driver responsive device for producing a brake demand signal having a magnitude corresponding to the level of braking force selected by the driver and friction and regenerative brakes operatively connected with the road wheels of the vehicle. A system according to this invention further includes control means for operating the friction and regenerative braking subsystems so that maximum brake torques sustainable by the road wheels of the vehicle without skidding or slipping will not be exceeded. 8 figs.

  2. Adaptive controller for regenerative and friction braking system

    DOEpatents

    Davis, Roy I.

    1990-01-01

    A regenerative and friction braking system for a vehicle having one or more roadwheels driven by an electric traction motor includes a driver responsive device for producing a brake demand signal having a magnitude corresponding to the level of braking force selected by the driver and friction and regenerative brakes operatively connected with the roadwheels of the vehicle. A system according to this invention further includes control means for operating the friction and regenerative braking subsystems so that maximum brake torques sustainable by the roadwheels of the vehicle without skidding or slipping will not be exceeded.

  3. Surface Composition Influence on Internal Gas Flow at Large Knudsen Numbers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2000-07-09

    situated in an ultra high vacuum system . The system is supplied with means of gas phase, surface CP585, Rarefied Gas Dynamics: 22nd International...control and gas flow measuring system . The experimental procedure consists in a few stages. The first stage includes surface preparation process at...solid body system , Proceedings 20-th Int. Symp. Rarefied Gas Dynamics, Peking University Press, Beijing, China, 1997, pp. 387-391. 3. Lord, R.G

  4. Alzheimer's disease and the law: positive and negative consequences of structural stigma and labeling in the legal system.

    PubMed

    Werner, Perla; Doron, Israel Issi

    2017-11-01

    To explore the meaning and consequences of labeling on structural stigma in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the legal system. This qualitative study was made up of three focus groups including social workers and lawyers (n = 26). Participants were asked to report their experience in circumstances in which persons with AD and their family members engage with the legal system. Thematic analysis using the constant comparative method was used. The discussions in the focus groups raised two overall themes. (1) The significance of the medical diagnostic labeling of AD in the legal system and (2) the consequences of labeling of AD within the legal system. This last theme included four sub-themes: (a) negative consequences of labeling; (b) reasons associated with negative consequences of labeling; (c) positive consequences of labeling; and (d) reasons associated with positive consequences of labeling. Findings of the study provide a first foundation for future research on the meaning and consequences of labeling in legal cases involving persons with AD. They suggest that increasing judges' knowledge about AD and reforming the existing 'status-based' legal capacity legislation might benefit by limiting the legal weight given today to the medical diagnosis.

  5. Upper and lower bounds for semi-Markov reliability models of reconfigurable systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    White, A. L.

    1984-01-01

    This paper determines the information required about system recovery to compute the reliability of a class of reconfigurable systems. Upper and lower bounds are derived for these systems. The class consists of those systems that satisfy five assumptions: the components fail independently at a low constant rate, fault occurrence and system reconfiguration are independent processes, the reliability model is semi-Markov, the recovery functions which describe system configuration have small means and variances, and the system is well designed. The bounds are easy to compute, and examples are included.

  6. Ensemble forecasting of short-term system scale irrigation demands using real-time flow data and numerical weather predictions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Perera, Kushan C.; Western, Andrew W.; Robertson, David E.; George, Biju; Nawarathna, Bandara

    2016-06-01

    Irrigation demands fluctuate in response to weather variations and a range of irrigation management decisions, which creates challenges for water supply system operators. This paper develops a method for real-time ensemble forecasting of irrigation demand and applies it to irrigation command areas of various sizes for lead times of 1 to 5 days. The ensemble forecasts are based on a deterministic time series model coupled with ensemble representations of the various inputs to that model. Forecast inputs include past flow, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration. These inputs are variously derived from flow observations from a modernized irrigation delivery system; short-term weather forecasts derived from numerical weather prediction models and observed weather data available from automatic weather stations. The predictive performance for the ensemble spread of irrigation demand was quantified using rank histograms, the mean continuous rank probability score (CRPS), the mean CRPS reliability and the temporal mean of the ensemble root mean squared error (MRMSE). The mean forecast was evaluated using root mean squared error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and bias. The NSE values for evaluation periods ranged between 0.96 (1 day lead time, whole study area) and 0.42 (5 days lead time, smallest command area). Rank histograms and comparison of MRMSE, mean CRPS, mean CRPS reliability and RMSE indicated that the ensemble spread is generally a reliable representation of the forecast uncertainty for short lead times but underestimates the uncertainty for long lead times.

  7. Optical fiber inspection system

    DOEpatents

    Moore, Francis W.

    1987-01-01

    A remote optical inspection system including an inspection head. The inspection head has a passageway through which pellets or other objects are passed. A window is provided along the passageway through which light is beamed against the objects being inspected. A plurality of lens assemblies are arranged about the window so that reflected light can be gathered and transferred to a plurality of coherent optical fiber light guides. The light guides transfer the light images to a television or other image transducer which converts the optical images into a representative electronic signal. The electronic signal can then be displayed on a signal viewer such as a television monitor for inspection by a person. A staging means can be used to support the objects for viewing through the window. Routing means can be used to direct inspected objects into appropriate exit passages for accepted or rejected objects. The inspected objects are advantageously fed in a singular manner to the staging means and routing means. The inspection system is advantageously used in an enclosure when toxic or hazardous materials are being inspected.

  8. Optical fiber inspection system

    DOEpatents

    Moore, F.W.

    1985-04-05

    A remote optical inspection system including an inspection head. The inspection head has a passageway through which pellets or other objects are passed. A window is provided along the passageway through which light is beamed against the objects being inspected. A plurality of lens assemblies are arranged about the window so that reflected light can be gathered and transferred to a plurality of coherent optical fiber light guides. The light guides transfer the light images to a television or other image transducer which converts the optical images into a representative electronic signal. The electronic signal can then be displayed on a signal viewer such as a television monitor for inspection by a person. A staging means can be used to support the objects for viewing through the window. Routing means can be used to direct inspected objects into appropriate exit passages for accepted or rejected objects. The inspected objects are advantageously fed in a singular manner to the staging means and routing means. The inspection system is advantageously used in an enclosure when toxic or hazardous materials are being inspected. 10 figs.

  9. MIMS - MEDICAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Frankowski, J. W.

    1994-01-01

    MIMS, Medical Information Management System is an interactive, general purpose information storage and retrieval system. It was first designed to be used in medical data management, and can be used to handle all aspects of data related to patient care. Other areas of application for MIMS include: managing occupational safety data in the public and private sectors; handling judicial information where speed and accuracy are high priorities; systemizing purchasing and procurement systems; and analyzing organizational cost structures. Because of its free format design, MIMS can offer immediate assistance where manipulation of large data bases is required. File structures, data categories, field lengths and formats, including alphabetic and/or numeric, are all user defined. The user can quickly and efficiently extract, display, and analyze the data. Three means of extracting data are provided: certain short items of information, such as social security numbers, can be used to uniquely identify each record for quick access; records can be selected which match conditions defined by the user; and specific categories of data can be selected. Data may be displayed and analyzed in several ways which include: generating tabular information assembled from comparison of all the records on the system; generating statistical information on numeric data such as means, standard deviations and standard errors; and displaying formatted listings of output data. The MIMS program is written in Microsoft FORTRAN-77. It was designed to operate on IBM Personal Computers and compatibles running under PC or MS DOS 2.00 or higher. MIMS was developed in 1987.

  10. Clock distribution system for digital computers

    DOEpatents

    Wyman, Robert H.; Loomis, Jr., Herschel H.

    1981-01-01

    Apparatus for eliminating, in each clock distribution amplifier of a clock distribution system, sequential pulse catch-up error due to one pulse "overtaking" a prior clock pulse. The apparatus includes timing means to produce a periodic electromagnetic signal with a fundamental frequency having a fundamental frequency component V'.sub.01 (t); an array of N signal characteristic detector means, with detector means No. 1 receiving the timing means signal and producing a change-of-state signal V.sub.1 (t) in response to receipt of a signal above a predetermined threshold; N substantially identical filter means, one filter means being operatively associated with each detector means, for receiving the change-of-state signal V.sub.n (t) and producing a modified change-of-state signal V'.sub.n (t) (n=1, . . . , N) having a fundamental frequency component that is substantially proportional to V'.sub.01 (t-.theta..sub.n (t) with a cumulative phase shift .theta..sub.n (t) having a time derivative that may be made uniformly and arbitrarily small; and with the detector means n+1 (1.ltoreq.n

  11. Direct costs of emergency medical care: a diagnosis-based case-mix classification system.

    PubMed

    Baraff, L J; Cameron, J M; Sekhon, R

    1991-01-01

    To develop a diagnosis-based case mix classification system for emergency department patient visits based on direct costs of care designed for an outpatient setting. Prospective provider time study with collection of financial data from each hospital's accounts receivable system and medical information, including discharge diagnosis, from hospital medical records. Three community hospital EDs in Los Angeles County during selected times in 1984. Only direct costs of care were included: health care provider time, ED management and clerical personnel excluding registration, nonlabor ED expense including supplies, and ancillary hospital services. Indirect costs for hospitals and physicians, including depreciation and amortization, debt service, utilities, malpractice insurance, administration, billing, registration, and medical records were not included. Costs were derived by valuing provider time based on a formula using annual income or salary and fringe benefits, productivity and direct care factors, and using hospital direct cost to charge ratios. Physician costs were based on a national study of emergency physician income and excluded practice costs. Patients were classified into one of 216 emergency department groups (EDGs) on the basis of the discharge diagnosis, patient disposition, age, and the presence of a limited number of physician procedures. Total mean direct costs ranged from $23 for follow-up visit to $936 for trauma, admitted, with critical care procedure. The mean total direct costs for the 16,771 nonadmitted patients was $69. Of this, 34% was for ED costs, 45% was for ancillary service costs, and 21% was for physician costs. The mean total direct costs for the 1,955 admitted patients was $259. Of this, 23% was for ED costs, 63% was for ancillary service costs, and 14% was for physician costs. Laboratory and radiographic services accounted for approximately 85% of all ancillary service costs and 38% of total direct costs for nonadmitted patients versus 80% of ancillary service costs and 51% of total direct costs for admitted patients. We have developed a diagnosis-based case mix classification system for ED patient visits based on direct costs of care designed for an outpatient setting which, unlike diagnosis-related groups, includes the measurement of time-based cost for physician and nonphysician services. This classification system helps to define direct costs of hospital and physician emergency services by type of patient.

  12. Ultrasonic imaging system for in-process fabric defect detection

    DOEpatents

    Sheen, Shuh-Haw; Chien, Hual-Te; Lawrence, William P.; Raptis, Apostolos C.

    1997-01-01

    An ultrasonic method and system are provided for monitoring a fabric to identify a defect. A plurality of ultrasonic transmitters generate ultrasonic waves relative to the fabric. An ultrasonic receiver means responsive to the generated ultrasonic waves from the transmitters receives ultrasonic waves coupled through the fabric and generates a signal. An integrated peak value of the generated signal is applied to a digital signal processor and is digitized. The digitized signal is processed to identify a defect in the fabric. The digitized signal processing includes a median value filtering step to filter out high frequency noise. Then a mean value and standard deviation of the median value filtered signal is calculated. The calculated mean value and standard deviation are compared with predetermined threshold values to identify a defect in the fabric.

  13. Low-cost, email-based system for self blood pressure monitoring at home.

    PubMed

    Nakajima, Kazuki; Nambu, Masayuki; Kiryu, Tohru; Tamura, Toshiyo; Sasaki, Kazuo

    2006-01-01

    We have developed a low-cost monitoring system, which allows subjects to send blood pressure (BP) data obtained at home to health-care professionals by email. The system consists of a wrist BP monitor and a personal computer (PC) with an Internet connection. The wrist BP monitor includes an advanced positioning sensor to verify that the wrist is placed properly at heart level. Subjects at home can self-measure their BP every day, automatically transfer the BP data to their PC each week, and then send a comma-separated values (CSV) file to their health-care professional by email. In a feasibility study, 10 subjects used the system for a mean period of 207 days (SD 149). The mean percent achievement of measurement in the 10 subjects was 84% (SD 12). There was a seasonal variation in systolic and diastolic BP, which was inversely correlated with temperature. Eight of the 10 subjects evaluated the system favourably. The results of the present study demonstrate the feasibility of our email-based system for self-monitoring of blood pressure. Its low cost means that it may have widespread application in future home telecare studies.

  14. A Combined Water-Bromotrifluoromethane Crash-Fire Protection System for a T-56 Turbopropeller Engine

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Campbell, John A.; Busch, Arthur M.

    1959-01-01

    A crash-fire protection system is described which will suppress the ignition of crash-spilled fuel that may be ingested by a T-56 turbo-propeller engine. This system includes means for rapidly extinguishing the combustor flame, means for cooling and inerting with water the hot engine parts likely to ignite engine ingested fuel, and means for blanketing with bromotrifluoromethane massive metal parts that may reheat after the engine stops rotating. Combustion-chamber flames were rapidly extinguished at the engine fuel nozzles by a fuel shutoff and drain valve. Hot engine parts were inerted and cooled by 42 pounds of water discharged at seven engine stations. Massive metal parts that could reheat were inerted with 10 pounds of bromotrifluoromethane discharged at two engine stations. Performance trials of the crash-fire protection system were conducted by bringing the engine up to takeoff temperature, actuating the crash-fire protection system, and then spraying fuel into the engine to simulate crash-ingested fuel. No fires occurred during these trials, although fuel was sprayed into the engine from 0.3 second to 15 minutes after actuating the crash-fire protection system.

  15. A Retrospective, Cost-minimization Analysis of Disposable and Traditional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Medicare Paid Claims

    PubMed

    Delhougne, Gary; Hogan, Christopher; Tarka, Kim; Nair, Sunitha

    2018-01-01

    Traditional negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) systems are considered durable. The pump is designed for use by numerous patients over a period of several years. Recently developed smaller, disposable devices are designed for single-patient use. A retrospective analysis of 2012-2014 national Medicare claims data was used to examine payments associated with the use of traditional and disposable NPWT systems. Data extracted included NPWT episodes from the Limited Data Set Standard Analytic Files including the 5% sample for traditional NPWT and 100% sample for disposable NPWT. NPWT episodes were identified using claim service dates and billing codes. Mean costs per episode were compared and analyzed using chi-squared tests for comparisons between patients who received traditional and those who used disposable NPWT. For continuous variables, statistical significance was assessed using Mann-Whitney U tests. The data included traditional (n = 2938; mean age 66.6 years) and disposable (n = 3522; mean age 67.6 years) episodes for the 2 NPWT groups. Wound types differed for NPWT groups (P <.0001) and included surgical (1134 [39%] versus 764 [22%]), generic open (850 [29%] versus 342 [10%]), skin ulcers (561 [19%] versus 1301 [37%]), diabetic ulcers (240 [8%] versus 342 [10%]), and circulatory system wounds (105 [4%] versus 563 [16%]). Average payment amounts were $4650 ± $2782 for traditional and $1532 ± $1767 per disposable NPWT episode (P <.0001). Payment differences were not affected by wound or comorbidity characteristics. Using the 2016 rates, average payments were $3501 for traditional and $1564 for disposable NPWT. Considering the rate of NPWT use in the United States and the results of this study suggesting substantial potential cost savings, additional analyses and cost-effectiveness studies are warranted.

  16. Automatic calibration and control system for a combined oxygen and combustibles analyzer

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Woolbert, G.D.; Jewett, S.Y.; Robertson, J.W. Jr.

    1989-08-01

    This patent describes an automatic, periodically calibrating system for continuous output of calibrated signals from a combined oxygen and combustibles analyzer. It comprises: a combined oxygen and combustibles analyzer for sensing a level of oxygen and a level of combustibles in a volatile atmosphere and for producing a first sample signal indicative of the oxygen level and a second sample signal indicative of the combustibles level; means for introducing zero and span calibration test gases into the analyzer; means for periodically calibrating the analyzer. This including: a data control unit; a timer unit; a mechanical unit, means for calculating zeromore » and span values for oxygen and combustibles, means for comparing the calculated zero and span values for oxygen and combustibles to the preset alarm limits for oxygen and combustibles, means for activating an operator alarm, means for calculating oxygen and combustibles drift adjustments, a memory unit; and means for applying the oxygen and combustibles drift adjustments concurrently to the first and second sample signals, according to predetermined mathematical relationship, to obtain calibrated output signals indicative of the oxygen and combustibles level in the volatile atmosphere.« less

  17. Means and method for capillary zone electrophoresis with laser-induced indirect fluorescence detection

    DOEpatents

    Yeung, Edward S.; Kuhr, Werner G.

    1996-02-20

    A means and method for capillary zone electrphoresis with laser-induced indirect fluorescence detection. A detector is positioned on the capillary tube of a capillary zone electrophoresis system. The detector includes a laser which generates a laser beam which is imposed upon a small portion of the capillary tube. Fluorescence of the elutant electromigrating through the capillary tube is indirectly detected and recorded.

  18. Means and method for capillary zone electrophoresis with laser-induced indirect fluorescence detection

    DOEpatents

    Yeung, Edwards; Kuhr, Werner G.

    1991-04-09

    A means and method for capillary zone electrphoresis with laser-induced indirect fluorescence detection. A detector is positioned on the capillary tube of a capillary zone electrophoresis system. The detector includes a laser which generates a laser beam which is imposed upon a small portion of the capillary tube. Fluorescence of the elutant electromigrating through the capillary tube is indirectly detected and recorded.

  19. MAGNETOROTATIONAL TURBULENCE TRANSPORTS ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN STRATIFIED DISKS WITH LOW MAGNETIC PRANDTL NUMBER BUT MAGNETIC REYNOLDS NUMBER ABOVE A CRITICAL VALUE

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Oishi, Jeffrey S.; Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark, E-mail: jsoishi@stanford.edu, E-mail: mordecai@amnh.org

    2011-10-10

    The magnetorotational instability (MRI) may dominate outward transport of angular momentum in accretion disks, allowing material to fall onto the central object. Previous work has established that the MRI can drive a mean-field dynamo, possibly leading to a self-sustaining accretion system. Recently, however, simulations of the scaling of the angular momentum transport parameter {alpha}{sub SS} with the magnetic Prandtl number Pm have cast doubt on the ability of the MRI to transport astrophysically relevant amounts of angular momentum in real disk systems. Here, we use simulations including explicit physical viscosity and resistivity to show that when vertical stratification is included,more » mean-field dynamo action operates, driving the system to a configuration in which the magnetic field is not fully helical. This relaxes the constraints on the generated field provided by magnetic helicity conservation, allowing the generation of a mean field on timescales independent of the resistivity. Our models demonstrate the existence of a critical magnetic Reynolds number Rm{sub crit}, below which transport becomes strongly Pm-dependent and chaotic, but above which the transport is steady and Pm-independent. Prior simulations showing Pm dependence had Rm < Rm{sub crit}. We conjecture that this steady regime is possible because the mean-field dynamo is not helicity-limited and thus does not depend on the details of the helicity ejection process. Scaling to realistic astrophysical parameters suggests that disks around both protostars and stellar mass black holes have Rm >> Rm{sub crit}. Thus, we suggest that the strong Pm dependence seen in recent simulations does not occur in real systems.« less

  20. Magnetorotational Turbulence Transports Angular Momentum in Stratified Disks with Low Magnetic Prandtl Number but Magnetic Reynolds Number above a Critical Value

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Oishi, Jeffrey S.; /KIPAC, Menlo Park; Low, Mordecai-Mark Mac

    2012-02-14

    The magnetorotational instability (MRI) may dominate outward transport of angular momentum in accretion disks, allowing material to fall onto the central object. Previous work has established that the MRI can drive a mean-field dynamo, possibly leading to a self-sustaining accretion system. Recently, however, simulations of the scaling of the angular momentum transport parameter {alpha}{sub SS} with the magnetic Prandtl number Pm have cast doubt on the ability of the MRI to transport astrophysically relevant amounts of angular momentum in real disk systems. Here, we use simulations including explicit physical viscosity and resistivity to show that when vertical stratification is included,more » mean field dynamo action operates, driving the system to a configuration in which the magnetic field is not fully helical. This relaxes the constraints on the generated field provided by magnetic helicity conservation, allowing the generation of a mean field on timescales independent of the resistivity. Our models demonstrate the existence of a critical magnetic Reynolds number Rm{sub crit}, below which transport becomes strongly Pm-dependent and chaotic, but above which the transport is steady and Pm-independent. Prior simulations showing Pm-dependence had Rm < Rm{sub crit}. We conjecture that this steady regime is possible because the mean field dynamo is not helicity-limited and thus does not depend on the details of the helicity ejection process. Scaling to realistic astrophysical parameters suggests that disks around both protostars and stellar mass black holes have Rm >> Rm{sub crit}. Thus, we suggest that the strong Pm dependence seen in recent simulations does not occur in real systems.« less

  1. Climate Change Impacts on Sediment Transport In a Lowland Watershed System: Controlling Processes and Projection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    al Aamery, N. M. H.; Mahoney, D. T.; Fox, J.

    2017-12-01

    Future climate change projections suggest extreme impacts on watershed hydrologic systems for some regions of the world including pronounced increases in surface runoff and instream flows. Yet, there remains a lack of research focused on how future changes in hydrologic extremes, as well as relative hydrologic mean changes, impact sediment redistribution within a watershed and sediment flux from a watershed. The authors hypothesized that variations in mean and extreme changes in turn may impact sediments in depositional and erosional dominance in a manner that may not be obvious to the watershed manager. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the inner processes connecting the combined effect of extreme climate change projections on the vegetation, upland erosion, and instream processes to produce changes in sediment redistribution within watersheds. To do so, research methods were carried out by the authors including simulating sediment processes in forecast and hindcast periods for a lowland watershed system. Publically available climate realizations from several climate factors and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were used to predict hydrologic conditions for the South Elkhorn Watershed in central Kentucky, USA to 2050. The results of the simulated extreme and mean hydrological components were used in simulating upland erosion with the connectivity processes consideration and thereafter used in building and simulating the instream erosion and deposition of sediment processes with the consideration of surface fine grain lamina (SFGL) layer controlling the benthic ecosystem. Results are used to suggest the dominance of erosional and depositional redistribution of sediments under different scenarios associated with extreme and mean hydrologic forecasting. The results are discussed in reference to the benthic ecology of the stream system providing insight on how water managers might consider sediment redistribution in a changing climate.

  2. Hybrid Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery in Type 1 Diabetes During Supervised Outpatient Conditions.

    PubMed

    Grosman, Benyamin; Ilany, Jacob; Roy, Anirban; Kurtz, Natalie; Wu, Di; Parikh, Neha; Voskanyan, Gayane; Konvalina, Noa; Mylonas, Chrystaleni; Gottlieb, Rebecca; Kaufman, Francine; Cohen, Ohad

    2016-05-01

    Efficacy and safety of the Medtronic Hybrid Closed-Loop (HCL) system were tested in subjects with type 1 diabetes in a supervised outpatient setting. The HCL system is a prototype research platform that includes a sensor-augmented insulin pump in communication with a control algorithm housed on an Android-based cellular device. Nine subjects with type 1 diabetes (5 female, mean age 53.3 years, mean A1C 7.2%) underwent 9 studies totaling 571 hours of closed-loop control using either default or personalized parameters. The system required meal announcements with estimates of carbohydrate (CHO) intake that were based on metabolic kitchen quantification (MK), dietician estimates (D), or subject estimates (Control). Postprandial glycemia was compared for MK, D, and Control meals. The overall sensor glucose mean was 145 ± 43, the overall percentage time in the range 70-180 mg/dL was 80%, the overall percentage time <70 mg/dL was 0.79%. Compared to intervals of default parameter use (225 hours), intervals of personalized parameter use (346 hours), sensor glucose mean was 158 ± 49 and 137 ± 37 mg/dL (P < .001), respectively, and included more time in range (87% vs 68%) and less time below range (0.54% vs 1.18%). Most subjects underestimated the CHO content of meals, but postprandial glycemia was not significantly different between MK and matched Control meals (P = .16) or between D and matched Control meals (P = .76). There were no episodes of severe hypoglycemia. The HCL system was efficacious and safe during this study. Personally adapted HCL parameters were associated with more time in range and less time below range than default parameters. Accurate estimates of meal CHO did not contribute to improved postprandial glycemia. © 2016 Diabetes Technology Society.

  3. System for simultaneously loading program to master computer memory devices and corresponding slave computer memory devices

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hall, William A. (Inventor)

    1993-01-01

    A bus programmable slave module card for use in a computer control system is disclosed which comprises a master computer and one or more slave computer modules interfacing by means of a bus. Each slave module includes its own microprocessor, memory, and control program for acting as a single loop controller. The slave card includes a plurality of memory means (S1, S2...) corresponding to a like plurality of memory devices (C1, C2...) in the master computer, for each slave memory means its own communication lines connectable through the bus with memory communication lines of an associated memory device in the master computer, and a one-way electronic door which is switchable to either a closed condition or a one-way open condition. With the door closed, communication lines between master computer memory (C1, C2...) and slave memory (S1, S2...) are blocked. In the one-way open condition invention, the memory communication lines or each slave memory means (S1, S2...) connect with the memory communication lines of its associated memory device (C1, C2...) in the master computer, and the memory devices (C1, C2...) of the master computer and slave card are electrically parallel such that information seen by the master's memory is also seen by the slave's memory. The slave card is also connectable to a switch for electronically removing the slave microprocessor from the system. With the master computer and the slave card in programming mode relationship, and the slave microprocessor electronically removed from the system, loading a program in the memory devices (C1, C2...) of the master accomplishes a parallel loading into the memory devices (S1, S2...) of the slave.

  4. 77 FR 43196 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; North Carolina; 110(a)(1) and (2...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-24

    ... quality monitoring/data system: NCAC 2D.0600, Monitoring, and 2D.0806, Ambient Monitoring and Modeling... protected. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know... requirements, including emissions inventories, monitoring, and modeling to assure attainment and maintenance of...

  5. Higher Education in the Byelorussian SSR. Monographs on Higher Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bondarenko, E. G.; And Others

    Higher education in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) is described, including the system's history, current conditions, functions, and structure. The particular shape of the Byelorussian higher education is in part due to the fact that it only came into being as a system after the revolution of 1917, meaning that from the beginning…

  6. Accessing the Health Care Financing System: A Resource Guide for Local Education Agencies. Bulletin No. 91298.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wisconsin State Dept. of Public Instruction, Madison.

    This guide is intended to assist Wisconsin school districts in accessing the health care financing system as a means of supporting specialized services. Topics covered include: determination of a local education agency's potential for third-party covered services; the need to become a certified provider dependent upon the funding source;…

  7. Qualitative and quantitative outcomes of audience response systems as an educational tool in a plastic surgery residency program.

    PubMed

    Arneja, Jugpal S; Narasimhan, Kailash; Bouwman, David; Bridge, Patrick D

    2009-12-01

    In-training evaluations in graduate medical education have typically been challenging. Although the majority of standardized examination delivery methods have become computer-based, in-training examinations generally remain pencil-paper-based, if they are performed at all. Audience response systems present a novel way to stimulate and evaluate the resident-learner. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of audience response systems testing as compared with traditional testing in a plastic surgery residency program. A prospective 1-year pilot study of 10 plastic surgery residents was performed using audience response systems-delivered testing for the first half of the academic year and traditional pencil-paper testing for the second half. Examination content was based on monthly "Core Quest" curriculum conferences. Quantitative outcome measures included comparison of pretest and posttest and cumulative test scores of both formats. Qualitative outcomes from the individual participants were obtained by questionnaire. When using the audience response systems format, pretest and posttest mean scores were 67.5 and 82.5 percent, respectively; using traditional pencil-paper format, scores were 56.5 percent and 79.5 percent. A comparison of the cumulative mean audience response systems score (85.0 percent) and traditional pencil-paper score (75.0 percent) revealed statistically significantly higher scores with audience response systems (p = 0.01). Qualitative outcomes revealed increased conference enthusiasm, greater enjoyment of testing, and no user difficulties with the audience response systems technology. The audience response systems modality of in-training evaluation captures participant interest and reinforces material more effectively than traditional pencil-paper testing does. The advantages include a more interactive learning environment, stimulation of class participation, immediate feedback to residents, and immediate tabulation of results for the educator. Disadvantages include start-up costs and lead-time preparation.

  8. Electronic structure, transport, and collective effects in molecular layered systems.

    PubMed

    Hahn, Torsten; Ludwig, Tim; Timm, Carsten; Kortus, Jens

    2017-01-01

    The great potential of organic heterostructures for organic device applications is exemplified by the targeted engineering of the electronic properties of phthalocyanine-based systems. The transport properties of two different phthalocyanine systems, a pure copper phthalocyanine (CoPc) and a flourinated copper phthalocyanine-manganese phthalocyanine (F 16 CoPc/MnPc) heterostructure, are investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) and the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) approach. Furthermore, a master-equation-based approach is used to include electronic correlations beyond the mean-field-type approximation of DFT. We describe the essential theoretical tools to obtain the parameters needed for the master equation from DFT results. Finally, an interacting molecular monolayer is considered within a master-equation approach.

  9. A study of image quality for radar image processing. [synthetic aperture radar imagery

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    King, R. W.; Kaupp, V. H.; Waite, W. P.; Macdonald, H. C.

    1982-01-01

    Methods developed for image quality metrics are reviewed with focus on basic interpretation or recognition elements including: tone or color; shape; pattern; size; shadow; texture; site; association or context; and resolution. Seven metrics are believed to show promise as a way of characterizing the quality of an image: (1) the dynamic range of intensities in the displayed image; (2) the system signal-to-noise ratio; (3) the system spatial bandwidth or bandpass; (4) the system resolution or acutance; (5) the normalized-mean-square-error as a measure of geometric fidelity; (6) the perceptual mean square error; and (7) the radar threshold quality factor. Selective levels of degradation are being applied to simulated synthetic radar images to test the validity of these metrics.

  10. Designing Home-Based Telemedicine Systems for the Geriatric Population: An Empirical Study.

    PubMed

    Narasimha, Shraddhaa; Agnisarman, Sruthy; Chalil Madathil, Kapil; Gramopadhye, Anand; McElligott, James T

    2018-02-01

    Background and Introduction: Telemedicine, the process of providing healthcare remotely using communication devices, has the potential to be useful for the geriatric population when specifically designed for this age group. This study explored the design of four video telemedicine systems currently available and outlined issues with these systems that impact usability among the geriatric population. Based on the results, design suggestions were developed to improve telemedicine systems for this population. Using a between-subjects experimental design, the study considered four telemedicine systems used in Medical University of South Carolina. The study was conducted at a local retirement home. The participant pool consisted of 40 adults, 60 years or older. The dependent measures used were the mean times for telemedicine session initiation and video session, mean number of errors, post-test satisfaction ratings, the NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) workload measures, and the IBM-Computer Systems Usability Questionnaire measures. Statistical significance was found among the telemedicine systems' initiation times. The analysis of the qualitative data revealed several issues, including lengthy e-mail content, icon placement, and chat box design, which affect the usability of these systems for the geriatric population. Human factor-based design modifications, including short, precise e-mail content, appropriately placed icons, and the inclusion of instructions, are recommended to address the issues found in the qualitative study.

  11. Non-functional Avionics Requirements

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Paulitsch, Michael; Ruess, Harald; Sorea, Maria

    Embedded systems in aerospace become more and more integrated in order to reduce weight, volume/size, and power of hardware for more fuel-effi ciency. Such integration tendencies change architectural approaches of system ar chi tec tures, which subsequently change non-functional requirements for plat forms. This paper provides some insight into state-of-the-practice of non-func tional requirements for developing ultra-critical embedded systems in the aero space industry, including recent changes and trends. In particular, formal requi re ment capture and formal analysis of non-functional requirements of avionic systems - including hard-real time, fault-tolerance, reliability, and per for mance - are exemplified by means of recent developments in SAL and HiLiTE.

  12. Intervention strategies for the management of human error

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wiener, Earl L.

    1993-01-01

    This report examines the management of human error in the cockpit. The principles probably apply as well to other applications in the aviation realm (e.g. air traffic control, dispatch, weather, etc.) as well as other high-risk systems outside of aviation (e.g. shipping, high-technology medical procedures, military operations, nuclear power production). Management of human error is distinguished from error prevention. It is a more encompassing term, which includes not only the prevention of error, but also a means of disallowing an error, once made, from adversely affecting system output. Such techniques include: traditional human factors engineering, improvement of feedback and feedforward of information from system to crew, 'error-evident' displays which make erroneous input more obvious to the crew, trapping of errors within a system, goal-sharing between humans and machines (also called 'intent-driven' systems), paperwork management, and behaviorally based approaches, including procedures, standardization, checklist design, training, cockpit resource management, etc. Fifteen guidelines for the design and implementation of intervention strategies are included.

  13. Design requirements for SRB production control system. Volume 2: System requirements and conceptual description

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1981-01-01

    In the development of the business system for the SRB automated production control system, special attention had to be paid to the unique environment posed by the space shuttle. The issues posed by this environment, and the means by which they were addressed, are reviewed. The change in management philosphy which will be required as NASA switches from one-of-a-kind launches to multiple launches is discussed. The implications of the assembly process on the business system are described. These issues include multiple missions, multiple locations and facilities, maintenance and refurbishment, multiple sources, and multiple contractors. The implications of these aspects on the automated production control system are reviewed including an assessment of the six major subsystems, as well as four other subsystem. Some general system requirements which flow through the entire business system are described.

  14. 21 CFR 111.15 - What sanitation requirements apply to your physical plant and grounds?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... maintenance include: (1) Properly storing equipment, removing litter and waste, and cutting weeds or grass... must dispose of sewage into an adequate sewage system or through other adequate means. (h) Bathrooms...

  15. 32 CFR 241.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... motivated, disciplined employees. Information technology (IT) as defined means use of computers, ancillary... technology, including occupational specialty areas such as systems administration, IT project management... PILOT PROGRAM FOR TEMPORARY EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PERSONNEL § 241.2 Definitions. In this...

  16. 32 CFR 241.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... motivated, disciplined employees. Information technology (IT) as defined means use of computers, ancillary... technology, including occupational specialty areas such as systems administration, IT project management... PILOT PROGRAM FOR TEMPORARY EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PERSONNEL § 241.2 Definitions. In this...

  17. Ural Eye and Medical Study: description of study design and methodology.

    PubMed

    Bikbov, Mukharram; Fayzrakhmanov, Rinat R; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli; Jonas, Jost B

    2018-06-01

    Since there is a scarcity on population-based health information available for Russia, we conducted this project to assess the prevalence of major ocular and systemic disorders and their associated risk factors. A population-based cross-sectional study (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS)) was performed in Bashkortostan 1300 km east of Moscow. The sampling frame consisted of all inhabitants aged over 40 years and living in an urban study area in the capital city Ufa and a rural region at 65 km outside of Ufa. The target sample size was 2500 individuals for the urban region and 2500 persons for the rural region. The study participants underwent a detailed interview, a detailed ophthalmologic examination including biometry and optical coherence tomography, and clinical examination including assessment of electrocardiography, hearing test, blood sampling, spirometry, and hand grip dynamometry. After a first study period, the study population included 4254 individuals with a mean age of 60.3 ± 11.1 years (range: 40-94 years), mean body weight of 74.8 ± 14.4 kg (range: 31-170 kg), body height of 163.6 ± 8.9 cm (range: 112-196), body mass index of 28.0 ± 5.1 kg/m 2 (range: 13.96-60.96 kg/m 2 ), mean systolic blood pressure of 133.7 ± 21.0 mmHg (range: 84-232 mmHg), and mean diastolic blood pressure of 81.2 ± 10.6 mmHg (range: 40-134 mmHg). Mean refractive error was -0.21 ± 1.94 D and mean intraocular pressure was 13.6 ± 3.9 mmHg. The UEMS provides population-based normative data for a Russian region on the quantitative traits such as axial length, quality of life and lifestyle including smoking and alcohol consumption, and prevalence and risk factors of ocular and systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and depression.

  18. Evaluation of corneal topographic changes and surgically induced astigmatism after transconjunctival 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery.

    PubMed

    Tekin, Kemal; Sonmez, Kenan; Inanc, Merve; Ozdemir, Kubra; Goker, Yasin Sakir; Yilmazbas, Pelin

    2018-04-01

    To evaluate the corneal topographic changes and postvitrectomy astigmatism after 27-gauge (g) microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) by using Pentacam HR-Scheimpflug imaging system. This prospective descriptive study included 30 eyes of 30 patients who underwent 27-g MIVS. All eyes underwent a Pentacam HR examination preoperatively and on the first week, first month and third month postoperatively. The power of the corneal astigmatism, mean keratometry (K m ), K 1 and K 2 values and corneal asphericity (Q value) values for the both front and back surfaces of the cornea, index of surface variance (ISV), index of vertical asymmetry (IVA), index of height asymmetry (IHA), index of height decentration (IHD) and higher-order aberrations including coma, trefoil, spherical aberration, higher-order root-mean-square and total RMS were recorded. Additionally, the mean induced astigmatism was estimated by vector analysis. No statistically significant changes were observed in the mean power of corneal astigmatism, mean keratometry, K 1 and K 2 values, corneal asphericity values, ISV, IVA, IHA, IHD and higher-order aberrations on the first week, first month and third month after the operation. The mean surgically induced astigmatism was calculated as 0.23 ± 0.11 D on the first week, 0.19 ± 0.10 D on the first month and 0.19 ± 0.08 D on the third month postoperatively. Minor corneal surface and induced astigmatic changes are expected to result in rapid visual rehabilitation after pars plana vitrectomy with the 27-g MIVS system.

  19. Travel guidance system for vehicles

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Takanabe, K.; Yamamoto, M.; Ito, K.

    1987-02-24

    A travel guidance system is described for vehicles including: a heading sensor for detecting a direction of movement of a vehicle; a distance sensor for detecting a distance traveled by the vehicle; a map data storage medium preliminarily storing map data; a control unit for receiving a heading signal from the heading sensor and a distance signal from the distance sensor to successively compute a present position of the vehicle and for generating video signals corresponding to display data including map data from the map data storage medium and data of the present position; and a display having first andmore » second display portions and responsive to the video signals from the control unit to display on the first display portion a map and a present portion mark, in which: the map data storage medium comprises means for preliminarily storing administrative division name data and landmark data; and the control unit comprises: landmark display means for: (1) determining a landmark closest to the present position, (2) causing a position of the landmark to be displayed on the map and (3) retrieving a landmark massage concerning the landmark from the storage medium to cause the display to display the landmark message on the second display portion; division name display means for retrieving the name of an administrative division to which the present position belongs from the storage medium and causing the display to display a division name message on the second display portion; and selection means for selectively actuating at least one of the landmark display means and the division name display means.« less

  20. Early Cognitive Outcomes Following Proton Radiation in Pediatric Patients With Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pulsifer, Margaret B., E-mail: mpulsifer@mgh.harvard.edu; Sethi, Roshan V.; Kuhlthau, Karen A.

    Purpose: To report, from a longitudinal study, cognitive outcome in pediatric patients treated with proton radiation therapy (PRT) for central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Methods and Materials: Sixty patients receiving PRT for medulloblastoma (38.3%), gliomas (18.3%), craniopharyngioma (15.0%), ependymoma (11.7%), and other CNS tumors (16.7%) were administered age-appropriate measures of cognitive abilities at or near PRT initiation (baseline) and afterward (follow-up). Patients were aged ≥6 years at baseline to ensure consistency in neurocognitive measures. Results: Mean age was 12.3 years at baseline; mean follow-up interval was 2.5 years. Treatment included prior surgical resection (76.7%) and chemotherapy (61.7%). Proton radiation therapy included craniospinal irradiationmore » (46.7%) and partial brain radiation (53.3%). At baseline, mean Wechsler Full Scale IQ was 104.6; means of all 4 Index scores were also in the average range. At follow-up, no significant change was observed in mean Wechsler Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning/Organization, or Working Memory. However, Processing Speed scores declined significantly (mean 5.2 points), with a significantly greater decline for subjects aged <12 years at baseline and those with the highest baseline scores. Cognitive outcome was not significantly related to gender, extent of radiation, radiation dose, tumor location, histology, socioeconomic status, chemotherapy, or history of surgical resection. Conclusions: Early cognitive outcomes after PRT for pediatric CNS tumors are encouraging, compared with published outcomes from photon radiation therapy.« less

  1. Safety-related requirements for photovoltaic modules and arrays

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Levins, A.; Smoot, A.; Wagner, R.

    1984-01-01

    Safety requirements for photovoltaic module and panel designs and configurations for residential, intermediate, and large scale applications are investigated. Concepts for safety systems, where each system is a collection of subsystems which together address the total anticipated hazard situation, are described. Descriptions of hardware, and system usefulness and viability are included. A comparison of these systems, as against the provisions of the 1984 National Electrical Code covering photovoltaic systems is made. A discussion of the Underwriters Laboratory UL investigation of the photovoltaic module evaluated to the provisions of the proposed UL standard for plat plate photovoltaic modules and panels is included. Grounding systems, their basis and nature, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are described. The meaning of frame grounding, circuit groundings, and the type of circuit ground are covered.

  2. Design of a surface-based factory for the production of life support and technology support products. Phase 2: Integrated water system for a space colony

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1989-01-01

    Phase 2 of a conceptual design of an integrated water treatment system to support a space colony is presented. This includes a breathable air manufacturing system, a means of drilling for underground water, and storage of water for future use. The system is to supply quality water for biological consumption, farming, residential and industrial use and the water source is assumed to be artesian or subsurface and on Mars. Design criteria and major assumptions are itemized. A general block diagram of the expected treatment system is provided. The design capacity of the system is discussed, including a summary of potential users and the level of treatment required; and, finally, various treatment technologies are described.

  3. Space Transportation System Availability Requirements and Its Influencing Attributes Relationships

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rhodes, Russel E.; Adams, TImothy C.

    2008-01-01

    It is essential that management and engineering understand the need for an availability requirement for the customer's space transportation system as it enables the meeting of his needs, goal, and objectives. There are three types of availability, e.g., operational availability, achieved availability, or inherent availability. The basic definition of availability is equal to the mean uptime divided by the sum of the mean uptime plus the mean downtime. The major difference is the inclusiveness of the functions within the mean downtime and the mean uptime. This paper will address tIe inherent availability which only addresses the mean downtime as that mean time to repair or the time to determine the failed article, remove it, install a replacement article and verify the functionality of the repaired system. The definitions of operational availability include the replacement hardware supply or maintenance delays and other non-design factors in the mean downtime. Also with inherent availability the mean uptime will only consider the mean time between failures (other availability definitions consider this as mean time between maintenance - preventive and corrective maintenance) that requires the repair of the system to be functional. It is also essential that management and engineering understand all influencing attributes relationships to each other and to the resultant inherent availability requirement. This visibility will provide the decision makers with the understanding necessary to place constraints on the design definition for the major drivers that will determine the inherent availability, safety, reliability, maintainability, and the life cycle cost of the fielded system provided the customer. This inherent availability requirement may be driven by the need to use a multiple launch approach to placing humans on the moon or the desire to control the number of spare parts required to support long stays in either orbit or on the surface of the moon or mars. It is the intent of this paper to provide the visibility of relationships of these major attribute drivers (variables) to each other and the resultant system inherent availability, but also provide the capability to bound the variables providing engineering the insight required to control the system's engineering solution. An example of this visibility will be the need to provide integration of similar discipline functions to allow control of the total parts count of the space transportation system. Also the relationship visibility of selecting a reliability requirement will place a constraint on parts count to achieve a given inherent availability requirement or accepting a larger parts count with the resulting higher reliability requirement. This paper will provide an understanding for the relationship of mean repair time (mean downtime) to maintainability, e.g., accessibility for repair, and both mean time between failure, e.g., reliability of hardware and the system inherent availability. Having an understanding of these relationships and resulting requirements before starting the architectural design concept definition will avoid considerable time and money required to iterate the design to meet the redesign and assessment process required to achieve the results required of the customer's space transportation system. In fact the impact to the schedule to being able to deliver the system that meets the customer's needs, goals, and objectives may cause the customer to compromise his desired operational goal and objectives resulting in considerable increased life cycle cost of the fielded space transportation system.

  4. Autonomous navigation system. [gyroscopic pendulum for air navigation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Merhav, S. J. (Inventor)

    1981-01-01

    An inertial navigation system utilizing a servo-controlled two degree of freedom pendulum to obtain specific force components in the locally level coordinate system is described. The pendulum includes a leveling gyroscope and an azimuth gyroscope supported on a two gimbal system. The specific force components in the locally level coordinate system are converted to components in the geographical coordinate system by means of a single Euler transformation. The standard navigation equations are solved to determine longitudinal and lateral velocities. Finally, vehicle position is determined by a further integration.

  5. Lock-up control system for an automatic transmission

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Higashi, H.; Yashiki, S.; Waki, K.

    A lock-up control system is described for an automatic transmission including a torque converter coupled with the output portion on an engine, and a power transmitting gear arrangement coupled with the output portion of the torque converter and controlled to vary the transmitting gear ratio therein by gear ratio control means in accordance with a shifting up or down command supplied to the latter. A lock-up clutch is provided for locking up the output portion of the torque converter to the output portion of the engine. The lock-up control system comprises: lock-up operation control means for controlling the lock-up clutchmore » to be in its operative state and in its inoperative state selectively, and for causing the lock-up clutch to be in the inoperative state thereof when the gear ratio control means performs the control with the shifting up or down command, and lock-up command means for preventing the lock-up operation control means from causing the lock-up clutch to be in the inoperative state thereof until a predetermined reductive variation in the speed of the output portion of the torque converter arises after the shifting up command is supplied to the gear ratio control means under the condition in which the lock-up clutch is in operation to hold a lock-up state.« less

  6. Microinterferometer transducer

    DOEpatents

    Corey, III, Harry S.

    1979-01-01

    An air-bearing microinterferometer transducer is provided for increased accuracy, range and linearity over conventional displacement transducers. A microinterferometer system is housed within a small compartment of an air-bearing displacement transducer housing. A movable cube corner reflector of the interferometer is mounted to move with the displacement gauging probe of the transducer. The probe is disposed for axial displacement by means of an air-bearing. Light from a single frequency laser is directed into an interferometer system within the transducer housing by means of a self-focusing fiber optic cable to maintain light coherency. Separate fringe patterns are monitored by a pair of fiber optic cables which transmit the patterns to a detecting system. The detecting system includes a bidirectional counter which counts the light pattern fringes according to the direction of movement of the probe during a displacement gauging operation.

  7. Cerebral blood flow changes in response to elevated intracranial pressure in rabbits and bluefish: a comparative study.

    PubMed

    Beiner, J M; Olgivy, C S; DuBois, A B

    1997-03-01

    In mammals, the cerebrovascular response to increases in intracranial pressure may take the form of the Cushing response, which includes increased mean systemic arterial pressure, bradycardia and diminished respirations. The mechanism, effect and value of these responses are debated. Using laser-Doppler flowmetry to measure cerebral blood flow, we analyzed the cardiovascular responses to intracranial pressure raised by epidural infusion of mock cerebrospinal fluid in the bluefish and in the rabbit, and compare the results. A decline in cerebral blood flow preceding a rise in mean systemic arterial pressure was observed in both species. Unlike bluefish, rabbits exhibit a threshold of intracranial pressure below which cerebral blood flow was maintained and no cardiovascular changes were observed. The difference in response between the two species was due to the presence of an active autoregulatory system in the cerebral tissue of rabbits and its absence in bluefish. For both species studied, the stimulus for the Cushing response seems to be a decrement in cerebral blood flow. The resulting increase in the mean systemic arterial pressure restores cerebral blood flow to levels approaching controls.

  8. Process Control for Precipitation Prevention in Space Water Recovery Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sargusingh, Miriam; Callahan, Michael R.; Muirhead, Dean

    2015-01-01

    The ability to recover and purify water through physiochemical processes is crucial for realizing long-term human space missions, including both planetary habitation and space travel. Because of their robust nature, rotary distillation systems have been actively pursued by NASA as one of the technologies for water recovery from wastewater primarily comprised of human urine. A specific area of interest is the prevention of the formation of solids that could clog fluid lines and damage rotating equipment. To mitigate the formation of solids, operational constraints are in place that limits such that the concentration of key precipitating ions in the wastewater brine are below the theoretical threshold. This control in effected by limiting the amount of water recovered such that the risk of reaching the precipitation threshold is within acceptable limits. The water recovery limit is based on an empirically derived worst case wastewater composition. During the batch process, water recovery is estimated by monitoring the throughput of the system. NASA Johnson Space Center is working on means of enhancing the process controls to increase water recovery. Options include more precise prediction of the precipitation threshold. To this end, JSC is developing a means of more accurately measuring the constituent of the brine and/or wastewater. Another means would be to more accurately monitor the throughput of the system. In spring of 2015, testing will be performed to test strategies for optimizing water recovery without increasing the risk of solids formation in the brine.

  9. Theoretical approaches to the steady-state statistical physics of interacting dissipative units

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bertin, Eric

    2017-02-01

    The aim of this review is to provide a concise overview of some of the generic approaches that have been developed to deal with the statistical description of large systems of interacting dissipative ‘units’. The latter notion includes, e.g. inelastic grains, active or self-propelled particles, bubbles in a foam, low-dimensional dynamical systems like driven oscillators, or even spatially extended modes like Fourier modes of the velocity field in a fluid. We first review methods based on the statistical properties of a single unit, starting with elementary mean-field approximations, either static or dynamic, that describe a unit embedded in a ‘self-consistent’ environment. We then discuss how this basic mean-field approach can be extended to account for spatial dependences, in the form of space-dependent mean-field Fokker-Planck equations, for example. We also briefly review the use of kinetic theory in the framework of the Boltzmann equation, which is an appropriate description for dilute systems. We then turn to descriptions in terms of the full N-body distribution, starting from exact solutions of one-dimensional models, using a matrix-product ansatz method when correlations are present. Since exactly solvable models are scarce, we also present some approximation methods which can be used to determine the N-body distribution in a large system of dissipative units. These methods include the Edwards approach for dense granular matter and the approximate treatment of multiparticle Langevin equations with colored noise, which models systems of self-propelled particles. Throughout this review, emphasis is put on methodological aspects of the statistical modeling and on formal similarities between different physical problems, rather than on the specific behavior of a given system.

  10. Experimental evaluation of fog warning system.

    PubMed

    Al-Ghamdi, Ali S

    2007-11-01

    Highway safety is a major concern to the public and to transportation professionals, so the number of crashes caused by poor visibility due to fog form an alarming statistic. Drivers respond to poor visibility conditions in different ways: some slow down; others do not. Many drivers simply follow the taillights of the vehicle ahead. Accordingly, hazardous conditions are created in which speeds are both too high for the prevailing conditions and highly variable. Findings are presented from a study of traffic crashes due to fog in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness of fog detection and warning system on driver behavior regarding speed and headway. This warning system includes visibility sensors that automatically activate a variable message sign that posts an advisory speed when hazardous conditions due to fog occur. The system was installed on a 2 km section of a two-lane, rural highway. A data set of 36,013 observations from both experimental and control sections at two study sites was collected and analyzed. The data included vehicle speed, volume, and classification; time headway, time of day, and visibility distance. Although the warning system was ineffective in reducing speed variability, mean speed throughout the experimental sections was reduced by about 6.5 kph. This reduction indicates that the warning system appeared to have a positive effect on driver behavior in fog even though the observed mean speeds were still higher than the posted advisory speed. From relationships found in the literature between mean driving speed and number of crashes, a speed reduction of only 5 kph would yield a 15% decrease in the number of crashes.

  11. System for automatically switching transformer coupled lines

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dwinell, W. S. (Inventor)

    1979-01-01

    A system is presented for automatically controlling transformer coupled alternating current electric lines. The secondary winding of each transformer is provided with a center tap. A switching circuit is connected to the center taps of a pair of secondary windings and includes a switch controller. An impedance is connected between the center taps of the opposite pair of secondary windings. The switching circuit has continuity when the AC lines are continuous and discontinuity with any disconnect of the AC lines. Normally open switching means are provided in at least one AC line. The switch controller automatically opens the switching means when the AC lines become separated.

  12. Dual output variable pitch turbofan actuation system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Griswold, R. H., Jr.; Broman, C. L. (Inventor)

    1976-01-01

    An improved actuating mechanism was provided for a gas turbine engine incorporating fan blades of the variable pitch variety, the actuator adapted to rotate the individual fan blades within apertures in an associated fan disc. The actuator included means such as a pair of synchronizing ring gears, one on each side of the blade shanks, and adapted to engage pinions disposed thereon. Means were provided to impart rotation to the ring gears in opposite directions to effect rotation of the blade shanks in response to a predetermined input signal. In the event of system failure, a run-away actuator was prevented by an improved braking device which arrests the mechanism.

  13. Appraisal on Rail Transit Development: A Review on Train Services and Safety

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nordin, Noor Hafiza binti; Masirin, Mohd Idrus Haji Mohd; Ghazali, Mohd Imran bin; Azis, Mohd Isom bin

    2017-08-01

    The ever increasing problems faced by population around the world have made demands that transportation need to be improved as an effective and efficient communication means. It is considered as a necessity especially when rapid development and economic growth of a country is the agenda. Among the transportation modes being focused as critical facilities are the bus system, rail system, road network, shipping system and air transportation system. Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In Malaysia, the railway network has evolved tremendously since its inception in the early 19th century. It has grown proportionally with the national development. Railway network does not only mean for rural transportation, but it also considered as a solution to urban congestion challenges. Currently, urban rail transit is the most popular means of urban transportation system especially as big cities such as Kuala Lumpur. This paper presents the definition of rail transportation system and its role in urban or sub-urban operation. It also describes the brief history of world railway transportation including a discussion on Malaysian rail history perspective. As policy and standard are important in operating a railway system, this paper also illustrates and discusses some elements which have an impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of train operation. Towards the end, this paper also shares the importance of railway safety based on real case studies around the world. Thus, it is hoped that this paper will enable the public to understand the rail transit development and appreciate its existence as a public transportation system.

  14. Techniques for optically compressing light intensity ranges

    DOEpatents

    Rushford, Michael C.

    1989-01-01

    A pin hole camera assembly for use in viewing an object having a relatively large light intensity range, for example a crucible containing molten uranium in an atomic vapor laser isotope separator (AVLIS) system is disclosed herein. The assembly includes means for optically compressing the light intensity range appearing at its input sufficient to make it receivable and decipherable by a standard video camera. A number of different means for compressing the intensity range are disclosed. These include the use of photogray glass, the use of a pair of interference filters, and the utilization of a new liquid crystal notch filter in combination with an interference filter.

  15. Techniques for optically compressing light intensity ranges

    DOEpatents

    Rushford, M.C.

    1989-03-28

    A pin hole camera assembly for use in viewing an object having a relatively large light intensity range, for example a crucible containing molten uranium in an atomic vapor laser isotope separator (AVLIS) system is disclosed herein. The assembly includes means for optically compressing the light intensity range appearing at its input sufficient to make it receivable and decipherable by a standard video camera. A number of different means for compressing the intensity range are disclosed. These include the use of photogray glass, the use of a pair of interference filters, and the utilization of a new liquid crystal notch filter in combination with an interference filter. 18 figs.

  16. A high order approach to flight software development and testing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Steinbacher, J.

    1981-01-01

    The use of a software development facility is discussed as a means of producing a reliable and maintainable ECS software system, and as a means of providing efficient use of the ECS hardware test facility. Principles applied to software design are given, including modularity, abstraction, hiding, and uniformity. The general objectives of each phase of the software life cycle are also given, including testing, maintenance, code development, and requirement specifications. Software development facility tools are summarized, and tool deficiencies recognized in the code development and testing phases are considered. Due to limited lab resources, the functional simulation capabilities may be indispensable in the testing phase.

  17. Operational alternatives for LANDSAT in California

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wilson, P.; Gialdini, M. J.

    1981-01-01

    Data integration is defined and examined as the means of promoting data sharing among the various governmental and private geobased information systems in California. Elements of vertical integration considered included technical factors (such as resolution and classification) and institutional factors (such as organizational control, and legal and political barriers). Attempts are made to fit the theoretical elements of vertical integration into a meaningful structure for looking at the problem from a statewide focus. Both manual (mapped) and machine readable data systems are included. Special attention is given to LANDSAT imagery because of its strong potential for integrated use and its primary in the California Integrated Remote Sensing System program.

  18. Mean-field models for heterogeneous networks of two-dimensional integrate and fire neurons.

    PubMed

    Nicola, Wilten; Campbell, Sue Ann

    2013-01-01

    We analytically derive mean-field models for all-to-all coupled networks of heterogeneous, adapting, two-dimensional integrate and fire neurons. The class of models we consider includes the Izhikevich, adaptive exponential and quartic integrate and fire models. The heterogeneity in the parameters leads to different moment closure assumptions that can be made in the derivation of the mean-field model from the population density equation for the large network. Three different moment closure assumptions lead to three different mean-field systems. These systems can be used for distinct purposes such as bifurcation analysis of the large networks, prediction of steady state firing rate distributions, parameter estimation for actual neurons and faster exploration of the parameter space. We use the mean-field systems to analyze adaptation induced bursting under realistic sources of heterogeneity in multiple parameters. Our analysis demonstrates that the presence of heterogeneity causes the Hopf bifurcation associated with the emergence of bursting to change from sub-critical to super-critical. This is confirmed with numerical simulations of the full network for biologically reasonable parameter values. This change decreases the plausibility of adaptation being the cause of bursting in hippocampal area CA3, an area with a sizable population of heavily coupled, strongly adapting neurons.

  19. Mean-field models for heterogeneous networks of two-dimensional integrate and fire neurons

    PubMed Central

    Nicola, Wilten; Campbell, Sue Ann

    2013-01-01

    We analytically derive mean-field models for all-to-all coupled networks of heterogeneous, adapting, two-dimensional integrate and fire neurons. The class of models we consider includes the Izhikevich, adaptive exponential and quartic integrate and fire models. The heterogeneity in the parameters leads to different moment closure assumptions that can be made in the derivation of the mean-field model from the population density equation for the large network. Three different moment closure assumptions lead to three different mean-field systems. These systems can be used for distinct purposes such as bifurcation analysis of the large networks, prediction of steady state firing rate distributions, parameter estimation for actual neurons and faster exploration of the parameter space. We use the mean-field systems to analyze adaptation induced bursting under realistic sources of heterogeneity in multiple parameters. Our analysis demonstrates that the presence of heterogeneity causes the Hopf bifurcation associated with the emergence of bursting to change from sub-critical to super-critical. This is confirmed with numerical simulations of the full network for biologically reasonable parameter values. This change decreases the plausibility of adaptation being the cause of bursting in hippocampal area CA3, an area with a sizable population of heavily coupled, strongly adapting neurons. PMID:24416013

  20. Model evaluation of potential impacts of on-site wastewater systems on phosphorus in Turkey creek watershed.

    PubMed

    Geza, Mengistu; McCray, John E; Murray, Kyle E

    2010-01-01

    Nutrient loading to surface water systems has traditionally been associated with agricultural sources. Sources such as on-site wastewater systems (OWS) may be of concern especially in rural, nonagricultural watersheds. The impact of various point and nonpoint sources including OWS in Turkey Creek Watershed was evaluated using the Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework, which was calibrated using 10 yr of observed stream flow and total P concentrations. Doubling the population in the watershed or OWS septic tank effluent P concentration increased mean stream total P concentration by a factor of 1.05. Converting all the OWS to a conventional sewer system with a removal efficiency of 93% at the wastewater treatment plant increased the mean total P concentration at the watershed outlet by a factor of 1.26. Reducing the soil adsorption capacity by 50% increased the mean stream total P concentration by a factor of 3.2. Doubling the initial P concentration increased the mean stream total P concentration by a factor of 1.96. Stream flow and sediment transport also substantially affected stream P concentration. The results suggest that OWS contribution to stream P in this watershed is minimal compared with other factors within the simulated time frame of 10 yr.

  1. Graphical Modeling of Shipboard Electric Power Distribution Systems

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-12-01

    examined. A means of modeling a load for a synchronous generator is then shown which accurately interrelates the loading of the generator and the...frequency and voltage output of the machine. This load is then connected to the synchronous generator and two different scenarios are examined including a...examined. A means of modeling a load for a synchronous generator is then shown which accurately interrelates the loading of the generator and tht

  2. Separation and Depleted Uranium Fragments from Gun Test Catchment. Volume 2. Catchment System and Separations Methods

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-12-30

    projectile fragments from target materials, principally sand. Phase I activities included (1) literature review of separations technology , (2) site visits, (3...the current operation, evaluation of alternative means for separation of DU from sand, a review of uranium mining technology for v possible...the current operation, evaluation of alternative means for separation of DU from sand, a review of uranium mining technology for possible

  3. Relations that affect the probability and prediction of nitrate concentration in private wells in the glacial aquifer system in the United States

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Warner, Kelly L.; Arnold, Terri L.

    2010-01-01

    Nitrate in private wells in the glacial aquifer system is a concern for an estimated 17 million people using private wells because of the proximity of many private wells to nitrogen sources. Yet, less than 5 percent of private wells sampled in this study contained nitrate in concentrations that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L (milligrams per liter) as N (nitrogen). However, this small group with nitrate concentrations above the USEPA MCL includes some of the highest nitrate concentrations detected in groundwater from private wells (77 mg/L). Median nitrate concentration measured in groundwater from private wells in the glacial aquifer system (0.11 mg/L as N) is lower than that in water from other unconsolidated aquifers and is not strongly related to surface sources of nitrate. Background concentration of nitrate is less than 1 mg/L as N. Although overall nitrate concentration in private wells was low relative to the MCL, concentrations were highly variable over short distances and at various depths below land surface. Groundwater from wells in the glacial aquifer system at all depths was a mixture of old and young water. Oxidation and reduction potential changes with depth and groundwater age were important influences on nitrate concentrations in private wells. A series of 10 logistic regression models was developed to estimate the probability of nitrate concentration above various thresholds. The threshold concentration (1 to 10 mg/L) affected the number of variables in the model. Fewer explanatory variables are needed to predict nitrate at higher threshold concentrations. The variables that were identified as significant predictors for nitrate concentration above 4 mg/L as N included well characteristics such as open-interval diameter, open-interval length, and depth to top of open interval. Environmental variables in the models were mean percent silt in soil, soil type, and mean depth to saturated soil. The 10-year mean (1992-2001) application rate of nitrogen fertilizer applied to farms was included as the potential source variable. A linear regression model also was developed to predict mean nitrate concentrations in well networks. The model is based on network averages because nitrate concentrations are highly variable over short distances. Using values for each of the predictor variables averaged by network (network mean value) from the logistic regression models, the linear regression model developed in this study predicted the mean nitrate concentration in well networks with a 95 percent confidence in predictions.

  4. All-Arthroscopic Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis-Aided Repair of a Patellar Cartilage Defect Using Dry Arthroscopy and a Retraction System.

    PubMed

    Sadlik, Boguslaw; Puszkarz, Mariusz; Kosmalska, Lidia; Wiewiorski, Martin

    2017-11-01

    The technique of all-arthroscopic autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC)-aided repair of patellar cartilage lesions using a retraction system and dry arthroscopy has been recently described. We report the first clinical and radiological data at a short-term follow-up. Twelve patients underwent AMIC-aided cartilage repair for a patellar lesion. All steps of the procedure were performed arthroscopically, which include the use of an intra-articularly placed retraction plate for distraction of the patellofemoral joint and evacuation of saline solution for collagen matrix insertion and fixation. Clinical assessment performed before surgery and at a mean follow-up time of 38 months (range: 24-70) included the following scores: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and visual analog scale (VAS). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at the follow-up examination, including the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score. The mean KOOS and IKDC scores increased significantly ( p  < 0.01) from 50.3 and 37.4 points preoperatively to 90.1 and 79.4 postoperatively. The VAS score decreased from 7.8 to 2.3 points. Mean MOCART score at follow-up was 58.3 points. Cartilage repair of patellar lesions aided by a retraction system in a dry arthroscopy setup is a promising approach. Further studies are needed to evaluate this procedure and compare it to existing matrix implantation techniques. The level of evidence for the study is 4 (case series). Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

  5. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: knowing what we mean, meaning what we say.

    PubMed

    Joshi, J M

    2008-01-01

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined in several different ways using different criteria based on symptoms, physiological impairment and pathological abnormalities. While some use COPD to mean smoking related chronic airway disease, others include all disorders causing chronic airway obstruction. When COPD is used as a broad descriptive term, specific disorders that cause chronic airway obstruction remain under-diagnosed and the prevalence estimates vary considerably. The lack of agreement over the precise terminology and classification of COPD has resulted in widespread confusion. Terminology includes definition, diagnostic criteria, and a system for staging severity. Recently, COPD is defined more clearly and diagnosed using precise criteria that include tobacco smoking greater than 10 pack years, symptoms and airway obstruction on spirometry. A multi-dimensional severity grading system, the BODE (body mass index, obstruction, dyspnoea, and exercise tolerance) index has been designed to assess the respiratory and systemic expressions of COPD. This review proposes that the broad group of chronic disorders of the airways (with or without airway obstruction) be called chronic airway disease (CAD). The term COPD should be used exclusively for tobacco smoking related chronic airway disease. Chronic airway obstruction or obstructive lung disease may be used to define those conditions with airways obstruction caused by factors other than tobacco smoking. The aetiology may be appended to the label, for example, chronic airway obstruction/obstructive lung disease associated with bronchiectasis, chronic airway obstruction/obstructive lung disease associated with obliterative bronchiolitis or chronic airway obstruction/obstructive lung disease due to biomass fuel/occupational exposure.

  6. NEUTRONIC REACTION SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Wigner, E.P.

    1963-09-01

    A nuclear reactor system is described for breeding fissionable material, including a heat-exchange tank, a high- and a low-pressure chamber therein, heat- exchange tubes connecting these chambers, a solution of U/sup 233/ in heavy water in a reaction container within the tank, a slurry of thorium dioxide in heavy water in a second container surrounding the first container, an inlet conduit including a pump connecting the low pressure chamber to the reaction container, an outlet conduit connecting the high pressure chamber to the reaction container, and means of removing gaseous fission products released in both chambers. (AEC)

  7. A Study of Vicon System Positioning Performance.

    PubMed

    Merriaux, Pierre; Dupuis, Yohan; Boutteau, Rémi; Vasseur, Pascal; Savatier, Xavier

    2017-07-07

    Motion capture setups are used in numerous fields. Studies based on motion capture data can be found in biomechanical, sport or animal science. Clinical science studies include gait analysis as well as balance, posture and motor control. Robotic applications encompass object tracking. Today's life applications includes entertainment or augmented reality. Still, few studies investigate the positioning performance of motion capture setups. In this paper, we study the positioning performance of one player in the optoelectronic motion capture based on markers: Vicon system. Our protocol includes evaluations of static and dynamic performances. Mean error as well as positioning variabilities are studied with calibrated ground truth setups that are not based on other motion capture modalities. We introduce a new setup that enables directly estimating the absolute positioning accuracy for dynamic experiments contrary to state-of-the art works that rely on inter-marker distances. The system performs well on static experiments with a mean absolute error of 0.15 mm and a variability lower than 0.025 mm. Our dynamic experiments were carried out at speeds found in real applications. Our work suggests that the system error is less than 2 mm. We also found that marker size and Vicon sampling rate must be carefully chosen with respect to the speed encountered in the application in order to reach optimal positioning performance that can go to 0.3 mm for our dynamic study.

  8. Environmental Control and Life Support System Reliability for Long-Duration Missions Beyond Lower Earth Orbit

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sargusingh, Miriam J.; Nelson, Jason R.

    2014-01-01

    NASA has highlighted reliability as critical to future human space exploration, particularly in the area of environmental controls and life support systems. The Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) projects have been encouraged to pursue higher reliability components and systems as part of technology development plans. However, no consensus has been reached on what is meant by improving on reliability, or on how to assess reliability within the AES projects. This became apparent when trying to assess reliability as one of several figures of merit for a regenerable water architecture trade study. In the spring of 2013, the AES Water Recovery Project hosted a series of events at Johnson Space Center with the intended goal of establishing a common language and understanding of NASA's reliability goals, and equipping the projects with acceptable means of assessing the respective systems. This campaign included an educational series in which experts from across the agency and academia provided information on terminology, tools, and techniques associated with evaluating and designing for system reliability. The campaign culminated in a workshop that included members of the Environmental Control and Life Support System and AES communities. The goal of this workshop was to develop a consensus on what reliability means to AES and identify methods for assessing low- to mid-technology readiness level technologies for reliability. This paper details the results of that workshop.

  9. Efficient calculation of many-body induced electrostatics in molecular systems

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    McLaughlin, Keith, E-mail: kmclaugh@mail.usf.edu; Cioce, Christian R.; Pham, Tony

    Potential energy functions including many-body polarization are in widespread use in simulations of aqueous and biological systems, metal-organics, molecular clusters, and other systems where electronically induced redistribution of charge among local atomic sites is of importance. The polarization interactions, treated here via the methods of Thole and Applequist, while long-ranged, can be computed for moderate-sized periodic systems with extremely high accuracy by extending Ewald summation to the induced fields as demonstrated by Nymand, Sala, and others. These full Ewald polarization calculations, however, are expensive and often limited to very small systems, particularly in Monte Carlo simulations, which may require energymore » evaluation over several hundred-thousand configurations. For such situations, it shall be shown that sufficiently accurate computation of the polarization energy can be produced in a fraction of the central processing unit (CPU) time by neglecting the long-range extension to the induced fields while applying the long-range treatments of Ewald or Wolf to the static fields; these methods, denoted Ewald E-Static and Wolf E-Static (WES), respectively, provide an effective means to obtain polarization energies for intermediate and large systems including those with several thousand polarizable sites in a fraction of the CPU time. Furthermore, we shall demonstrate a means to optimize the damping for WES calculations via extrapolation from smaller trial systems.« less

  10. The United States Remains Unprepared for Oil Import Disruptions. Volume I. Summary: Includes Conclusions and Recommendations.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-09-29

    The Administration’s decision to stop funding rationing planning means it will not be available for emergency use. Authority for gaso- line rationing ...them. It will be a very narrow system in order to minimize adverse effects on market decision - making and efficiency. However, until such a system is...It will be a very narrow system in order to minimize adverse effects on market decision - making and efficiency. However, until such a system is

  11. ATLAS, an integrated structural analysis and design system. Volume 5: System demonstration problems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Samuel, R. A. (Editor)

    1979-01-01

    One of a series of documents describing the ATLAS System for structural analysis and design is presented. A set of problems is described that demonstrate the various analysis and design capabilities of the ATLAS System proper as well as capabilities available by means of interfaces with other computer programs. Input data and results for each demonstration problem are discussed. Results are compared to theoretical solutions or experimental data where possible. Listings of all input data are included.

  12. Defining the Meaning of a Major Modeling and Simulation Change as Applied to Accreditation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-12-12

    the University of Alabama in Huntsville in 2010. His research interests include model- driven engineering, embedded systems , cloud computing. J...Stevens Institute of Technology, Systems Engineering Research Center This material is based upon work supported, in whole or in part, by the U.S...Department of Defense through the Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC) under Contract H98230-08-D-0171. SERC is a federally funded University

  13. An improved empirical dynamic control system model of global mean sea level rise and surface temperature change

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Qing; Luu, Quang-Hung; Tkalich, Pavel; Chen, Ge

    2018-04-01

    Having great impacts on human lives, global warming and associated sea level rise are believed to be strongly linked to anthropogenic causes. Statistical approach offers a simple and yet conceptually verifiable combination of remotely connected climate variables and indices, including sea level and surface temperature. We propose an improved statistical reconstruction model based on the empirical dynamic control system by taking into account the climate variability and deriving parameters from Monte Carlo cross-validation random experiments. For the historic data from 1880 to 2001, we yielded higher correlation results compared to those from other dynamic empirical models. The averaged root mean square errors are reduced in both reconstructed fields, namely, the global mean surface temperature (by 24-37%) and the global mean sea level (by 5-25%). Our model is also more robust as it notably diminished the unstable problem associated with varying initial values. Such results suggest that the model not only enhances significantly the global mean reconstructions of temperature and sea level but also may have a potential to improve future projections.

  14. Accrual of organ damage over time in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

    PubMed

    Gladman, Dafna D; Urowitz, Murray B; Rahman, Proton; Ibañez, Dominique; Tam, Lai-Shan

    2003-09-01

    To determine the pattern of accumulation of damage in an inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) followed yearly for at least 15 years, and to identify damage items that might be related to corticosteroid therapy. An inception cohort was identified from among patients with SLE followed prospectively in the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic. Only patients who had at least yearly evaluations and were followed for at least 15 years were included. Using the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI) accumulated damage was calculated at yearly intervals. Each new organ system involved was designated as either definitely, possibly, or not at all related to corticosteroid therapy. Of the 73 patients, 85% were women and 87.7% were Caucasian. Their mean age at diagnosis was 34.9 years. The mean (range) SLEDAI at presentation was 11.9 (0-37). Prednisone was used by 87.7% of the patients (mean maximum dose 37.7 mg/day, mean cumulative dose 36.8 g) for a mean of 117.1 months. Antimalarial drugs were used by 70% of the patients and 50% were taking immunosuppressive agents. The mean SDI for the whole cohort increased over time from 0.33 (0.89) during the first year to 1.90 (1.99) at 15 years. A significant proportion of the damage both early and late could be attributed to corticosteroid therapy, and this damage accumulated over time such that it constituted most of the damage at 15 years. While the overall accrual of damage is gradual, the specific systems demonstrate varying patterns of damage accrual.

  15. Inhaled Epoprostenol Through Noninvasive Routes of Ventilator Support Systems.

    PubMed

    Ammar, Mahmoud A; Sasidhar, Madhu; Lam, Simon W

    2018-06-01

    The administration of inhaled epoprostenol (iEPO) through noninvasive routes of ventilator support systems has never been previously evaluated. Describe the use of iEPO when administered through noninvasive routes of ventilator support systems. Critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit who received iEPO through noninvasive routes were analyzed. Improvements in respiratory status and hemodynamic parameters were evaluated. Safety end points assessed included hypotension, rebound hypoxemia, significant bleeding, and thrombocytopenia. A total of 36 patients received iEPO through noninvasive routes: high-flow oxygen therapy through nasal cannula, n = 29 (81%) and noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation, n = 7 (19%). Sixteen patients had improvement in their respiratory status: mean decrease in fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ), 20% ± 13%; mean increase in partial pressure of arterial oxygen to FiO 2 (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ) ratio, 60 ± 50 mm Hg; and mean decrease in HFNC oxygen flow rate, 6 ± 3 liters per minute (LPM). Eight patients had declines in their respiratory status (mean increase in FiO 2 , 30% ± 20%; mean decrease in PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio, 38 ± 20 mm Hg; and mean increase in HFNC oxygen flow rate, 15 ± 10 LPM), and 12 patients had no change in their respiratory status. Conclusion and Relevance: This represents the first evaluation of the administration of iEPO through noninvasive routes of ventilator support systems and demonstrates that in critically ill patients, iEPO could be administered through a noninvasive route. Further evaluation is needed to determine the extent of benefit with this route of administration.

  16. Number Theory and Public-Key Cryptography.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lefton, Phyllis

    1991-01-01

    Described are activities in the study of techniques used to conceal the meanings of messages and data. Some background information and two BASIC programs that illustrate the algorithms used in a new cryptographic system called "public-key cryptography" are included. (CW)

  17. 6 CFR 15.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... purposes of this part: (a) Auxiliary aids means services or devices that enable persons with impaired... condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: Neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs, cardiovascular...

  18. 49 CFR 268.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM Overview § 268.1 Definitions. As..., including land, piers, guideways, propulsion equipment and other components attached to guideways, power... described in § 268.3. Maglev means transportation systems employing magnetic levitation that would be...

  19. 28 CFR 20.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... supervision, and release. The term does not include identification information such as fingerprint records if.... (l) Fingerprint Identification Records System or “FIRS” means the following FBI records: Criminal fingerprints and/or related criminal justice information submitted by authorized agencies having criminal...

  20. 28 CFR 20.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... supervision, and release. The term does not include identification information such as fingerprint records if.... (l) Fingerprint Identification Records System or “FIRS” means the following FBI records: Criminal fingerprints and/or related criminal justice information submitted by authorized agencies having criminal...

  1. 28 CFR 20.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... supervision, and release. The term does not include identification information such as fingerprint records if.... (l) Fingerprint Identification Records System or “FIRS” means the following FBI records: Criminal fingerprints and/or related criminal justice information submitted by authorized agencies having criminal...

  2. 28 CFR 20.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... supervision, and release. The term does not include identification information such as fingerprint records if.... (l) Fingerprint Identification Records System or “FIRS” means the following FBI records: Criminal fingerprints and/or related criminal justice information submitted by authorized agencies having criminal...

  3. 28 CFR 20.3 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... supervision, and release. The term does not include identification information such as fingerprint records if.... (l) Fingerprint Identification Records System or “FIRS” means the following FBI records: Criminal fingerprints and/or related criminal justice information submitted by authorized agencies having criminal...

  4. Adlerian psychology as an intuitive operant system.

    PubMed

    Pratt, A B

    1985-01-01

    Traditional accounts of the Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler tend to sentimentalize his system and obscure its functional flavor. Six basic Adlerian positions on human behavior, including Rudolf Dreikurs' "four goals of misbehavior," are interpreted as a primitive statement of operant principles. Applied techniques long used by Individual Psychology practitioners strongly resemble interventions that applied behavior analysts have developed by more systematic means.

  5. Travel Time Estimation Using Freeway Point Detector Data Based on Evolving Fuzzy Neural Inference System.

    PubMed

    Tang, Jinjun; Zou, Yajie; Ash, John; Zhang, Shen; Liu, Fang; Wang, Yinhai

    2016-01-01

    Travel time is an important measurement used to evaluate the extent of congestion within road networks. This paper presents a new method to estimate the travel time based on an evolving fuzzy neural inference system. The input variables in the system are traffic flow data (volume, occupancy, and speed) collected from loop detectors located at points both upstream and downstream of a given link, and the output variable is the link travel time. A first order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy rule set is used to complete the inference. For training the evolving fuzzy neural network (EFNN), two learning processes are proposed: (1) a K-means method is employed to partition input samples into different clusters, and a Gaussian fuzzy membership function is designed for each cluster to measure the membership degree of samples to the cluster centers. As the number of input samples increases, the cluster centers are modified and membership functions are also updated; (2) a weighted recursive least squares estimator is used to optimize the parameters of the linear functions in the Takagi-Sugeno type fuzzy rules. Testing datasets consisting of actual and simulated data are used to test the proposed method. Three common criteria including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute relative error (MARE) are utilized to evaluate the estimation performance. Estimation results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the EFNN method through comparison with existing methods including: multiple linear regression (MLR), instantaneous model (IM), linear model (LM), neural network (NN), and cumulative plots (CP).

  6. Travel Time Estimation Using Freeway Point Detector Data Based on Evolving Fuzzy Neural Inference System

    PubMed Central

    Tang, Jinjun; Zou, Yajie; Ash, John; Zhang, Shen; Liu, Fang; Wang, Yinhai

    2016-01-01

    Travel time is an important measurement used to evaluate the extent of congestion within road networks. This paper presents a new method to estimate the travel time based on an evolving fuzzy neural inference system. The input variables in the system are traffic flow data (volume, occupancy, and speed) collected from loop detectors located at points both upstream and downstream of a given link, and the output variable is the link travel time. A first order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy rule set is used to complete the inference. For training the evolving fuzzy neural network (EFNN), two learning processes are proposed: (1) a K-means method is employed to partition input samples into different clusters, and a Gaussian fuzzy membership function is designed for each cluster to measure the membership degree of samples to the cluster centers. As the number of input samples increases, the cluster centers are modified and membership functions are also updated; (2) a weighted recursive least squares estimator is used to optimize the parameters of the linear functions in the Takagi-Sugeno type fuzzy rules. Testing datasets consisting of actual and simulated data are used to test the proposed method. Three common criteria including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute relative error (MARE) are utilized to evaluate the estimation performance. Estimation results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the EFNN method through comparison with existing methods including: multiple linear regression (MLR), instantaneous model (IM), linear model (LM), neural network (NN), and cumulative plots (CP). PMID:26829639

  7. Investigation of the frequency response of constant voltage anemometers in turbulent flows

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sadeghi Hassanlouei, Atabak

    A commercially available anemometer system considered as a prototype, the constant voltage anemometer (CVA), is presented and its working principle is studied and analyzed. We detail the different procedures and corrections that have to be applied to voltage signals to deduce corresponding velocity signals, including the effect of the thermal inertia of the sensor. Results are compared to another anemometer system widely used in research and industry, the constant temperature anemometer (CTA), for validation requirements. Measurements are performed in the turbulent region of a subsonic axisymmetric jet and include mean velocities, root-mean-square (rms) values of velocity fluctuations and power spectral densities. In the same range of operation, we show that the two instruments give similar results. The CVA anemometer slightly underestimates the rms velocity values given by the CTA anemometer which is attributed to a non-linear effect. We show that the cut-off frequency of the CVA system is higher than the more commonly used CTA system, and that the electronic noise level is lower. The constant voltage anemometer is thus an excellent alternative to the constant temperature anemometer for low turbulent flows with rich frequency content, such as supersonic and hypersonic flows.

  8. The non specialist paediatric training registrar in the healthcare system.

    PubMed

    O'Neill, M B; Kumar, A

    2012-01-01

    This study evaluated the experiences of non Specialist Paediatric Training Registrars (nonSPTR) in the Irish Healthcare system. The survey explored their adaptation to the healthcare system, skill development, perceptions of training and career development inclusive of working conditions. Thirty nine (53%) doctors responded. The time spent in Paediatrics ranged from 3 to 19 years with a mean of 8.9 years. Nineteen (49%) had only worked in non regional hospitals and for 20 (51%) the mean time spent in regional hospitals was 2.6 years. The very positives experiences (likert scores 5/6) included journal appraisal for 19 (49%), clinical skill development for 17 (44%) and consultant feedback for 11 (28%).The very negative experiences were difficulty obtaining desired clinical posts for 16 (43%) doctors and only 5 (13%) were happy with their career progression. Thirty one (79.5%) cited specific barriers to career progression, with only 10 (25%) making an application to the Specialist Paediatrics Registrar (SPR) training programme. Solutions for the non SPTR difficulties include the expansion of the SPR programme and the utilization of a criterion based portfolio system to integrate the nonSPTR into formal training.

  9. Device and method for producing a containment barrier underneath and around in-situ buried waste

    DOEpatents

    Gardner, Bradley M.; Smith, Ann M.; Hanson, Richard W.; Hodges, Richard T.

    1998-01-01

    An apparatus for building a horizontal underground barrier by cutting through soil and depositing a slurry, preferably on which cures into a hardened material. The apparatus includes a digging means for cutting and removing soil to create a void under the surface of the ground and injection means for inserting barrier-forming material into the void. In one embodiment, the digging means is a continuous cutting chain. Mounted on the continuous cutting chain are cutter teeth for cutting through soil and discharge paddles for removing the loosened soil. This invention includes a barrier placement machine, a method for building an underground horizontal containment barrier using the barrier placement machine, and the underground containment system. Preferably the underground containment barrier goes underneath and around the site to be contained in a bathtub-type containment.

  10. Towards Optimal Education Including Self-Regulated Learning in Technology-Enhanced Preschools and Primary Schools

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mooij, Ton; Dijkstra, Elma M.; Walraven, Amber; Kirschner, Paul A.

    2014-01-01

    At the start of preschool, four-year-old pupils differ in their development, including in their capacity to self-regulate their playing and learning. In preschool and primary school, educational processes are generally adapted to the mean age of the pupils in the class. The same may apply to pupil-monitoring systems based on information and…

  11. Tag Clouds as a Pathway to Improved Pedagogical Efficacy in Information Systems Courses: A Baseline Study Involving Web 2.0 Technologies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Conn, Samuel S.; English, John; Scheffler, Fred; Hall, Simin

    2011-01-01

    Various Web 2.0 technologies can be used to support pedagogy. Examples include wikis, blogs, and social media including forum discussions. Online class forum discussions involving electronic text can result in robust strings of data containing meta-knowledge, inherent meaning, themes and patterns. Based on instructional design, learning outcomes…

  12. Efficacy of Local and Systemic Antimicrobials in the Non-Surgical Treatment of Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.

    PubMed

    Chambrone, Leandro; Vargas, Miguel; Arboleda, Silie; Serna, Maritza; Guerrero, Marcela; de Sousa, Jose; Lafaurie, Gloria Inés

    2016-11-01

    The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether use of local or systemic antimicrobials would improve clinical results of non-surgical periodontal therapy for smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP). Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica Database, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to and including March 2016. Randomized clinical trials of duration of at least 6 months were included if they reported on treatment of smokers (≥10 cigarettes per day for minimum 12 months) with CP with non-surgical periodontal therapy either alone or associated with local or systemic antimicrobials. Random-effects meta-analyses were undertaken to evaluate mean differences in probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Of 108 potentially eligible articles, seven were included. Most individual studies (75%) testing locally delivered antibiotics reported that smokers benefited from this treatment approach. Pooled estimates found additional PD reduction of 0.81 mm (P = 0.01) and CAL gain of 0.91 mm (P = 0.01) at sites with baseline PD ≥5 mm. Conversely, meta-analysis on systemic use of antimicrobials failed to detect significant differences in mean changes from baseline, and only one trial supported their use. In smokers with CP, adjunctive use of local antimicrobials improved efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy in reducing PD and improving CAL at sites presenting PD ≥5 mm before treatment. Current evidence does not demonstrate similar gains when scaling and root planing plus systemic antimicrobial/antibiotics were associated with therapy.

  13. Dosimetric validation and clinical implementation of two 3D dose verification systems for quality assurance in volumetric‐modulated arc therapy techniques

    PubMed Central

    Pérez‐Vara, Consuelo

    2015-01-01

    A pretreatment quality assurance program for volumetric techniques should include redundant calculations and measurement‐based verifications. The patient‐specific quality assurance process must be based in clinically relevant metrics. The aim of this study was to show the commission, clinical implementation, and comparison of two systems that allow performing a 3D redundant dose calculation. In addition, one of them is capable of reconstructing the dose on patient anatomy from measurements taken with a 2D ion chamber array. Both systems were compared in terms of reference calibration data (absolute dose, output factors, percentage depth‐dose curves, and profiles). Results were in good agreement for absolute dose values (discrepancies were below 0.5%) and output factors (mean differences were below 1%). Maximum mean discrepancies were located between 10 and 20 cm of depth for PDDs (‐2.7%) and in the penumbra region for profiles (mean DTA of 1.5 mm). Validation of the systems was performed by comparing point‐dose measurements with values obtained by the two systems for static, dynamic fields from AAPM TG‐119 report, and 12 real VMAT plans for different anatomical sites (differences better than 1.2%). Comparisons between measurements taken with a 2D ion chamber array and results obtained by both systems for real VMAT plans were also performed (mean global gamma passing rates better than 87.0% and 97.9% for the 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria). Clinical implementation of the systems was evaluated by comparing dose‐volume parameters for all TG‐119 tests and real VMAT plans with TPS values (mean differences were below 1%). In addition, comparisons between dose distributions calculated by TPS and those extracted by the two systems for real VMAT plans were also performed (mean global gamma passing rates better than 86.0% and 93.0% for the 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria). The clinical use of both systems was successfully evaluated. PACS numbers: 87.56.Fc, 87.56.‐v, 87.55.dk, 87.55.Qr, 87.55.‐x, 07.57.Kp, 85.25.Pb PMID:26103189

  14. Hybrid shearing and phase-shifting point diffraction interferometer

    DOEpatents

    Goldberg, Kenneth Alan; Naulleau, Patrick P.

    2003-06-03

    A new interferometry configuration combines the strengths of two existing interferometry methods, improving the quality and extending the dynamic range of both. On the same patterned mask, placed near the image-plane of an optical system under test, patterns for phase-shifting point diffraction interferometry and lateral shearing interferometry coexist. The former giving verifiable high accuracy for the measurement of nearly diffraction-limited optical systems. The latter enabling the measurement of optical systems with more than one wave of aberration in the system wavefront. The interferometry configuration is a hybrid shearing and point diffraction interferometer system for testing an optical element that is positioned along an optical path including: a source of electromagnetic energy in the optical path; a first beam splitter that is secured to a device that includes means for maneuvering the first beam splitter in a first position wherein the first beam splitter is in the optical path dividing light from the source into a reference beam and a test beam and in a second position wherein the first beam splitter is outside the optical path: a hybrid mask which includes a first section that defines a test window and at least one reference pinhole and a second section that defines a second beam splitter wherein the hybrid mask is secured to a device that includes means for maneuvering either the first section or the second section into the optical path positioned in an image plane that is created by the optical element, with the proviso that the first section of the hybrid mask is positioned in the optical path when first beam splitter is positioned in the optical path; and a detector positioned after the hybrid mask along the optical path.

  15. Pattern of deposition of stainless steel welding fume particles inhaled into the respiratory systems of Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to a novel welding fume generating system.

    PubMed

    Yu, I J; Kim, K J; Chang, H K; Song, K S; Han, K T; Han, J H; Maeng, S H; Chung, Y H; Park, S H; Chung, K H; Han, J S; Chung, H K

    2000-07-27

    In order to investigate occupational diseases related to welding fume exposure, such as nasal septum perforation, pneumoconiosis and manganese intoxication, we built a welding fume exposure system that included a welding fume generator, exposure chamber and fume collector. The fume concentrations in the exposure chamber were monitored every 15 min during a 2-h exposure. Fume (mg/m(3)) concentrations of major metals, including Fe, Mn, Cr, and Ni were found to be consistently maintained. An acute inhalation toxicity study was conducted by exposing male Sprague-Dawley rats to the welding fumes generated in this apparatus by stainless steel arc welding. The rats were exposed in the inhalation chamber to a welding fume with a concentration of 62 mg/m(3) total suspended particulates for 4 h. Animals were sacrificed at 4 h and at 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after exposure. Histopathological examinations were conducted on the animals' upper respiratory tracts, including the nasal pathway and the conducting airway, and on the gas exchange region including the alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. Diameters of fume particles varied from 0.02 to 0.81 microm and were distributed log normally, with a mean diameter of 0.1 microm and geometric standard deviation of 1.42. Rats exposed to the welding fume for 4 h did not show any significant respiratory system toxicity. The mean particle diameter of 0.1 microm resulted in little adsorption of the welding fume particles in the upper respiratory tract. Particle adsorption took place principally in the lower respiratory tracts, including bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli.

  16. A Novel Mean-Value Model of the Cardiovascular System Including a Left Ventricular Assist Device.

    PubMed

    Ochsner, Gregor; Amacher, Raffael; Schmid Daners, Marianne

    2017-06-01

    Time-varying elastance models (TVEMs) are often used for simulation studies of the cardiovascular system with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Because these models are computationally expensive, they cannot be used for long-term simulation studies. In addition, their equilibria are periodic solutions, which prevent the extraction of a linear time-invariant model that could be used e.g. for the design of a physiological controller. In the current paper, we present a new type of model to overcome these problems: the mean-value model (MVM). The MVM captures the behavior of the cardiovascular system by representative mean values that do not change within the cardiac cycle. For this purpose, each time-varying element is manually converted to its mean-value counterpart. We compare the derived MVM to a similar TVEM in two simulation experiments. In both cases, the MVM is able to fully capture the inter-cycle dynamics of the TVEM. We hope that the new MVM will become a useful tool for researchers working on physiological control algorithms. This paper provides a plant model that enables for the first time the use of tools from classical control theory in the field of physiological LVAD control.

  17. Traceable Dynamic Calibration of Force Transducers by Primary Means

    PubMed Central

    Vlajic, Nicholas; Chijioke, Ako

    2018-01-01

    We describe an apparatus for traceable, dynamic calibration of force transducers using harmonic excitation, and report calibration measurements of force transducers using this apparatus. In this system, the force applied to the transducer is produced by the acceleration of an attached mass, and is determined according to Newton’s second law, F = ma. The acceleration is measured by primary means, using laser interferometry. The capabilities of this system are demonstrated by performing dynamic calibrations of two shear-web-type force transducers up to a frequency of 2 kHz, with an expanded uncertainty below 1.2 %. We give an accounting of all significant sources of uncertainty, including a detailed consideration of the effects of dynamic tilting (rocking), which is a leading source of uncertainty in such harmonic force calibration systems. PMID:29887643

  18. Knowledge Interaction Design for Creative Knowledge Work

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nakakoji, Kumiyo; Yamamoto, Yasuhiro

    This paper describes our approach for the development of application systems for creative knowledge work, particularly for early stages of information design tasks. Being a cognitive tool serving as a means of externalization, an application system affects how the user is engaged in the creative process through its visual interaction design. Knowledge interaction design described in this paper is a framework where a set of application systems for different information design domains are developed based on an interaction model, which is designed for a particular model of a thinking process. We have developed two sets of application systems using the knowledge interaction design framework: one includes systems for linear information design, such as writing, movie-editing, and video-analysis; the other includes systems for network information design, such as file-system navigation and hypertext authoring. Our experience shows that the resulting systems encourage users to follow a certain cognitive path through graceful user experience.

  19. Low speed phaselock speed control system. [for brushless dc motor

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fulcher, R. W.; Sudey, J. (Inventor)

    1975-01-01

    A motor speed control system for an electronically commutated brushless dc motor is provided which includes a phaselock loop with bidirectional torque control for locking the frequency output of a high density encoder, responsive to actual speed conditions, to a reference frequency signal, corresponding to the desired speed. The system includes a phase comparator, which produces an output in accordance with the difference in phase between the reference and encoder frequency signals, and an integrator-digital-to-analog converter unit, which converts the comparator output into an analog error signal voltage. Compensation circuitry, including a biasing means, is provided to convert the analog error signal voltage to a bidirectional error signal voltage which is utilized by an absolute value amplifier, rotational decoder, power amplifier-commutators, and an arrangement of commutation circuitry.

  20. Two stage kickdown control system for a motor vehicle automatic transmission

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Higashi, H.; Waki, K.; Fukuiri, M.

    This patent describes a vehicle automatic transmission including a hydraulic torque converter and a transmission gear mechanism connected with the torque converter and having at least three gear stages of different gear ratios for forward drive. A principal feature of this system as described is a friction means for selecting one of the gear stages as well as a kickdown control means consisting of the first shift down circuit means for control of the friction means so that the transmission gear mechanism is shifted downward. A solenoid kick down means within the modality of the first shift down circuit andmore » a kick down switch means actuated by an engine control member when it is moved to a full power position provides control of the kick down solenoid and the effecting of a down shift. The shift down control means is composed of a second shift down circuit means for controlling the friction means so shift down occurs. The shift down solenoid contained in the second shift down circuit means in conjunction with a shift down switch actuated by engine control member movement to a position spaced a predetermined distance from the full power position control the shift down solenoid to effect a shift down. Thus this mechanism is actuated earlier than the kickdown switch means when the engine control member is moved toward the full power position. A time delay means from the time of actuation of the shift down switch means and controlling kickdown switch activation is also described.« less

  1. Rim inertial measuring system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Groom, N. J.; Anderson, W. W.; Phillips, W. H. (Inventor)

    1981-01-01

    The invention includes an angular momentum control device (AMCD) having a rim and several magnetic bearing stations. The AMCD is in a strapped down position on a spacecraft. Each magnetic bearing station comprises means, including an axial position sensor, for controlling the position of the rim in the axial direction; and means, including a radial position sensor, for controlling the position of the rim in the radial direction. A first computer receives the signals from all the axial position sensors and computes the angular rates about first and second mutually perpendicular axes in the plane of the rim and computes the linear acceleration along a third axis perpendicular to the first and second axes. A second computer receives the signals from all the radial position sensors and computes the linear accelerations along the first and second axes.

  2. Warning systems in risk management.

    PubMed

    Paté-Cornell, M E

    1986-06-01

    A method is presented here that allows probabilistic evaluation and optimization of warning systems, and comparison of their performance and cost-effectiveness with those of other means of risk management. The model includes an assessment of the signals, and of human response, given the memory that people have kept of the quality of previous alerts. The trade-off between the rate of false alerts and the length of the lead time is studied to account for the long-term effects of "crying wolf" and the effectiveness of emergency actions. An explicit formulation of the system's benefits, including inputs from a signal model, a response model, and a consequence model, is given to allow optimization of the warning threshold and of the system's sensitivity.

  3. Evaluation of a New Scoring System for Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Photography Using HRA1 in 964 Eyes

    PubMed Central

    Hong, Samin; Moon, Jong Wook; Ha, Seung Joo; Kim, Chan Yun; Seong, Gong Je

    2007-01-01

    Purpose To evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect by a new scoring system for RNFL photography using the Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 1 (HRA1). Methods This retrospective study included 128 healthy eyes and 836 primary open-angle glaucoma eyes. The RNFL photography using HRA1 was interpreted using a new scoring system, and correlated with visual field indices of standard automated perimetry (SAP). Using the presence of RNFL defect, darkness, width, and location, we established the new scoring system of RNFL photos. Results The mean RNFL defect score I in the early, moderate, severe, and control groups were 7.3, 9.2, 10.4, and 3.6, respectively. The mean RNFL defect score II in the early, moderate, severe, and control groups were 14.5, 28.5, 43.4, and 3.4, respectively. Correlations between the RNFL defect score II and the mean deviation of SAP was the strongest of the various combinations (r=-0.675, P<.001). Conclusions Using a new scoring system, we propose a method for semi-quantitative interpretation of RNFL photographs. This scoring system may be helpful to distinguish between normal and glaucomatous eyes, and the score is associated with the severity of visual field loss. PMID:18063886

  4. 48 CFR 3002.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... national defense, homeland security or foreign policy. This definition includes the following categories of... Section 3002.101 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, HOMELAND SECURITY... Regulation and the Homeland Security Acquisition Regulation. Head of the Agency means the Secretary of the...

  5. Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. IX

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hartkopf, W. I.; Gaston, B. J.; Fekel, F. C.; Hendry, E. M.; Mcalister, H. A.

    1984-01-01

    Four hundred-forty measurements of 232 binary stars observed during 1981 by means of speckle interferometry with the 4-m telescope at KPNO are represented. Newly resolved systems include Xi-1 Cet, Rho Her A, HD 187321, and 59 Cyg A.

  6. Optical scanning apparatus

    DOEpatents

    Villarreal, R.A.

    1985-11-06

    An optical scanner employed in a radioactive environment for reading indicia imprinted about a cylindrical surface of an article by means of an optical system including metallic reflective and mirror surfaces resistant to degradation and discoloration otherwise imparted to glass surfaces exposed to radiation is described.

  7. Vacuum foil insulation system

    DOEpatents

    Hanson, John P.; Sabolcik, Rudolph E.; Svedberg, Robert C.

    1976-11-16

    In a multifoil thermal insulation package having a plurality of concentric cylindrical cups, means are provided for reducing heat loss from the penetration region which extends through the cups. At least one cup includes an integral skirt extending from one end of the cup to intersection with the penetration means. Assembly of the insulation package with the skirted cup is facilitated by splitting the cup to allow it to be opened up and fitted around the other cups during assembly.

  8. DSN system performance test Doppler noise models; noncoherent configuration

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bunce, R.

    1977-01-01

    The newer model for variance, the Allan technique, now adopted for testing, is analyzed in the subject mode. A model is generated (including considerable contribution from the station secondary frequency standard), and rationalized with existing data. The variance model is definitely sound; the Allan technique mates theory and measure. The mean-frequency model is an estimate; this problem is yet to be rigorously resolved. The unaltered defining expressions are noncovergent, and the observed mean is quite erratic.

  9. On-board landmark navigation and attitude reference parallel processor system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gilbert, L. E.; Mahajan, D. T.

    1978-01-01

    An approach to autonomous navigation and attitude reference for earth observing spacecraft is described along with the landmark identification technique based on a sequential similarity detection algorithm (SSDA). Laboratory experiments undertaken to determine if better than one pixel accuracy in registration can be achieved consistent with onboard processor timing and capacity constraints are included. The SSDA is implemented using a multi-microprocessor system including synchronization logic and chip library. The data is processed in parallel stages, effectively reducing the time to match the small known image within a larger image as seen by the onboard image system. Shared memory is incorporated in the system to help communicate intermediate results among microprocessors. The functions include finding mean values and summation of absolute differences over the image search area. The hardware is a low power, compact unit suitable to onboard application with the flexibility to provide for different parameters depending upon the environment.

  10. Secure ADS-B authentication system and method

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Viggiano, Marc J (Inventor); Valovage, Edward M (Inventor); Samuelson, Kenneth B (Inventor); Hall, Dana L (Inventor)

    2010-01-01

    A secure system for authenticating the identity of ADS-B systems, including: an authenticator, including a unique id generator and a transmitter transmitting the unique id to one or more ADS-B transmitters; one or more ADS-B transmitters, including a receiver receiving the unique id, one or more secure processing stages merging the unique id with the ADS-B transmitter's identification, data and secret key and generating a secure code identification and a transmitter transmitting a response containing the secure code and ADSB transmitter's data to the authenticator; the authenticator including means for independently determining each ADS-B transmitter's secret key, a receiver receiving each ADS-B transmitter's response, one or more secure processing stages merging the unique id, ADS-B transmitter's identification and data and generating a secure code, and comparison processing comparing the authenticator-generated secure code and the ADS-B transmitter-generated secure code and providing an authentication signal based on the comparison result.

  11. An on-line monitoring system for navigation equipment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Bo; Yang, Ping; Liu, Jing; Yang, Zhengbo; Liang, Fei

    2017-10-01

    Civil air navigation equipment is the most important infrastructure of Civil Aviation, which is closely related to flight safety. In addition to regular flight inspection, navigation equipment's patrol measuring, maintenance measuring, running measuring under special weather conditions are the important means of ensuring aviation flight safety. According to the safety maintenance requirements of Civil Aviation Air Traffic Control navigation equipment, this paper developed one on-line monitoring system with independent intellectual property rights for navigation equipment, the system breakthroughs the key technologies of measuring navigation equipment on-line including Instrument Landing System (ILS) and VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR), which also meets the requirements of navigation equipment ground measurement set by the ICAO DOC 8071, it provides technical means of the ground on-line measurement for navigation equipment, improves the safety of navigation equipment operation, and reduces the impact of measuring navigation equipment on airport operation.

  12. A CDMA synchronisation scheme

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Soprano, C.

    1993-01-01

    CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is known to decrease inter-service interference in Satellite Communication Systems. Its performance is increased by chip quasi-synchronous operation which virtually eliminates the self-noise; however, the theory shows that the time error on the synchronization has to be kept at less than one tenth of a chip which, for 1 Mchip/sec. spreading rate, corresponds to 10(exp -7) sec. This, on the return-link, may only be achieved by means of a closed loop control system which, for mobile communication systems, has to be capable of autonomous operation. Until now some results have been reported on the feasibility of chip quasi-synchronous operation for mobile communication systems only including satellites on GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit). In what follows, the basic principles are exposed, and results are presented showing how low chip synchronism error may be achieved by means of an autonomous control loop operating through satellites on any Earth orbit.

  13. System for remote control of underground device

    DOEpatents

    Brumleve, T.D.; Hicks, M.G.; Jones, M.O.

    1975-10-21

    A system is described for remote control of an underground device, particularly a nuclear explosive. The system includes means at the surface of the ground for transmitting a seismic signal sequence through the earth having controlled and predetermined signal characteristics for initiating a selected action in the device. Additional apparatus, located with or adjacent to the underground device, produces electrical signals in response to the seismic signals received and compares these electrical signals with the predetermined signal characteristics.

  14. National Computer Security Conference (13th) Held in Washington, DC on 1-4 October, 1990. Procedings. Volume 1: Information Systems Security: Standards - The Key to the Future

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-10-04

    methods Category 6: Cryptographic methods (hard/ software ) - Tested countermeasures and standard means - Acknowledgements As the number of antivirus ...Skulason), only our own antiviruses have been mentioned in the catalog. We hope to include the major antivirus packages in the future. The current...Center GTE SRI International Trusted Information Systems, Inc. Grumann Data Systems SRI International Software Engineering Institute Trusted

  15. Dementia in Ayurveda.

    PubMed

    Manyam, B V

    1999-02-01

    The ancient Indian medical system, Ayurveda, included geriatrics as 1 of 8 medical divisions. Well-documented evidence exists for treating aging and age-related disorders including dementia. Geriatrics was termed Rasayanatantra. Cognitive function was well recognized and Sanskrit terms existed such as Buddhi for intelligence and Cittanasa (Citta means mind, nasa means loss of) for dementia. A normal human life span was considered to be 100 years. It could be prolonged to 116-120 years through the use of preventive treatments, if they were started during late youth or middle age. Treatments included herbal preparations, diet, exercise, and attention to general mode of life and social behavior. Several herbal formulations are described, including details of their composition and preparation. The mode of action of antiaging drugs was believed to occur at 3 levels. Detailed descriptions of the mode of action of several herbs are provided, and recent research confirms some of this activity.

  16. Extreme multistability in a memristor-based multi-scroll hyper-chaotic system.

    PubMed

    Yuan, Fang; Wang, Guangyi; Wang, Xiaowei

    2016-07-01

    In this paper, a new memristor-based multi-scroll hyper-chaotic system is designed. The proposed memristor-based system possesses multiple complex dynamic behaviors compared with other chaotic systems. Various coexisting attractors and hidden coexisting attractors are observed in this system, which means extreme multistability arises. Besides, by adjusting parameters of the system, this chaotic system can perform single-scroll attractors, double-scroll attractors, and four-scroll attractors. Basic dynamic characteristics of the system are investigated, including equilibrium points and stability, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and so on. In addition, the presented system is also realized by an analog circuit to confirm the correction of the numerical simulations.

  17. Enhancing On-Task Behavior in Fourth-Grade Students Using a Modified Color Wheel System

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blondin, Carolyn; Skinner, Christopher; Parkhurst, John; Wood, Allison; Snyder, Jamie

    2012-01-01

    The authors used a withdrawal design to evaluate the effects of a modified Color Wheel System (M-CWS) on the on-task behavior of 7 students enrolled in the 4th grade. Standard CWS procedures were modified to include a 4th set of rules designed to set behavioral expectation for cooperative learning activities. Mean data showed that immediately…

  18. Evaluation of alternative phase change materials for energy storage in solar dynamic applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Crane, R. A.; Dustin, M. O.

    1988-01-01

    The performance of fluoride salt and metallic thermal energy storage materials are compared in terms of basic performance as applied to solar dynamic power generation. Specific performance considerations include uniformity of cycle inlet temperature, peak cavity temperature, TES utilization, and system weights. Also investigated were means of enhancing the thermal conductivity of the salts and its effect on the system performance.

  19. 18 CFR 1309.1 - What are the defined terms in this part and what do they mean?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3)(i) An entire... property, including: (i) Transfers or leases of property for less than fair market value or for reduced... value provided by TVA is not returned to TVA. (g) For purposes of §§ 1309.6 and 1309.7, normal operation...

  20. NEUTRONIC REACTOR SYSTEM

    DOEpatents

    Goett, J.J.

    1961-01-24

    A system is described which includes a neutronic reactor containing a dispersion of fissionable material in a liquid moderator as fuel and a conveyor to which a portion of the dispersion may be passed and wherein the self heat of the slurry evaporates the moderator. Means are provided for condensing the liquid moderator and returning it to the reactor and for conveying the dried fissionable material away from the reactor.

  1. U.S. Support of Plan Colombia: Rethinking the Ends and Means

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-05-01

    to thrive as long as there are dark corners of the international systems where traditional sovereign controls are weak or non -existent. The illicit...security debate involving U.S. policy in Colombia and the implementation of Plan Colombia. DOUGLAS C. LOVELACE, JR. Director Strategic Studies...crime more efficiently through effective international cooperation, which includes the press, judicial systems, and government officials on a broad

  2. Wired and Wireless Camera Triggering with Arduino

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kauhanen, H.; Rönnholm, P.

    2017-10-01

    Synchronous triggering is an important task that allows simultaneous data capture from multiple cameras. Accurate synchronization enables 3D measurements of moving objects or from a moving platform. In this paper, we describe one wired and four wireless variations of Arduino-based low-cost remote trigger systems designed to provide a synchronous trigger signal for industrial cameras. Our wireless systems utilize 315 MHz or 434 MHz frequencies with noise filtering capacitors. In order to validate the synchronization accuracy, we developed a prototype of a rotating trigger detection system (named RoTriDeS). This system is suitable to detect the triggering accuracy of global shutter cameras. As a result, the wired system indicated an 8.91 μs mean triggering time difference between two cameras. Corresponding mean values for the four wireless triggering systems varied between 7.92 and 9.42 μs. Presented values include both camera-based and trigger-based desynchronization. Arduino-based triggering systems appeared to be feasible, and they have the potential to be extended to more complicated triggering systems.

  3. Positioning system for single or multi-axis sensitive instrument calibration and calibration system for use therewith

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Finley, Tom D. (Inventor); Parker, Peter A. (Inventor)

    2008-01-01

    A positioning and calibration system are provided for use in calibrating a single or multi axis sensitive instrument, such as an inclinometer. The positioning system includes a positioner that defines six planes of tangential contact. A mounting region within the six planes is adapted to have an inclinometer coupled thereto. The positioning system also includes means for defining first and second flat surfaces that are approximately perpendicular to one another with the first surface adapted to be oriented relative to a local or induced reference field of interest to the instrument being calibrated, such as a gravitational vector. The positioner is positioned such that one of its six planes tangentially rests on the first flat surface and another of its six planes tangentially contacts the second flat surface. A calibration system is formed when the positioning system is used with a data collector and processor.

  4. Economic Evaluation Research in the Context of Child Welfare Policy: A Structured Literature Review and Recommendations

    PubMed Central

    Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D.; Snowden, Lonnie R.; Wulczyn, Fred; Landsverk, John; Horwitz, Sarah M.

    2011-01-01

    Objectives With over 1 million children served by the U.S. Child Welfare system at a cost of $20 billion annually, this study examines the economic evaluation literature on interventions to improve outcomes for children at risk for and currently involved with the system, identifies areas where additional research is needed, and discusses the use of decision-analytic modeling to advance Child Welfare policy and practice. Methods The review included 19 repositories of peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed “gray” literatures, including items in English published before November, 2009. Original research articles were included if they evaluated interventions based on costs and outcomes. Review articles were included to assess the relevance of these techniques over time and to highlight the increasing discussion of methods needed to undertake such research. Items were categorized by their focus on: interventions for the U.S. Child Welfare system; primary prevention of entry into the system; and use of models to make long-term projections of costs and outcomes. Results Searches identified 2,640 articles, with 49 ultimately included (19 reviews and 30 original research articles). Between 1988 and 2009, reviews consistently advocated economic evaluation and increasingly provided methodological guidance. 21 of the original research articles focused on Child Welfare, while 9 focused on child mental health. Of the 21 Child Welfare articles, 81% (17) focused on the U.S. system. 47% (8/17) focused exclusively on primary prevention, though 83% of the U.S. system, peer-reviewed articles focused exclusively on prevention (5/6). 9 of the 17 articles included empirical follow-up (mean sample size: 264 individuals; mean follow-up: 3.8 years). 10 of the 17 articles used modeling to project longer-term outcomes, but 80% of the articles using modeling were not peer-reviewed. Although 60% of modeling studies included interventions for children in the system, all peer-reviewed modeling articles focused on prevention. Conclusions Methodological guidance for economic evaluations in Child Welfare is increasingly available. Such analyses are feasible given the availability of nationally-representative data on children involved with Child Welfare and evidence-based interventions. Practice Implications Policy analyses considering the long-term costs and effects of interventions to improve Child Welfare outcomes are scarce, feasible, and urgently needed. PMID:21944552

  5. An Experiment Comparing Lexical and Statistical Methods for Extracting MeSH Terms from Clinical Free Text

    PubMed Central

    Cooper, Gregory F.; Miller, Randolph A.

    1998-01-01

    Abstract Objective: A primary goal of the University of Pittsburgh's 1990-94 UMLS-sponsored effort was to develop and evaluate PostDoc (a lexical indexing system) and Pindex (a statistical indexing system) comparatively, and then in combination as a hybrid system. Each system takes as input a portion of the free text from a narrative part of a patient's electronic medical record and returns a list of suggested MeSH terms to use in formulating a Medline search that includes concepts in the text. This paper describes the systems and reports an evaluation. The intent is for this evaluation to serve as a step toward the eventual realization of systems that assist healthcare personnel in using the electronic medical record to construct patient-specific searches of Medline. Design: The authors tested the performances of PostDoc, Pindex, and a hybrid system, using text taken from randomly selected clinical records, which were stratified to include six radiology reports, six pathology reports, and six discharge summaries. They identified concepts in the clinical records that might conceivably be used in performing a patient-specific Medline search. Each system was given the free text of each record as an input. The extent to which a system-derived list of MeSH terms captured the relevant concepts in these documents was determined based on blinded assessments by the authors. Results: PostDoc output a mean of approximately 19 MeSH terms per report, which included about 40% of the relevant report concepts. Pindex output a mean of approximately 57 terms per report and captured about 45% of the relevant report concepts. A hybrid system captured approximately 66% of the relevant concepts and output about 71 terms per report. Conclusion: The outputs of PostDoc and Pindex are complementary in capturing MeSH terms from clinical free text. The results suggest possible approaches to reduce the number of terms output while maintaining the percentage of terms captured, including the use of UMLS semantic types to constrain the output list to contain only clinically relevant MeSH terms. PMID:9452986

  6. Surface acoustic wave dust deposition monitor

    DOEpatents

    Fasching, G.E.; Smith, N.S. Jr.

    1988-02-12

    A system is disclosed for using the attenuation of surface acoustic waves to monitor real time dust deposition rates on surfaces. The system includes a signal generator, a tone-burst generator/amplifier connected to a transmitting transducer for converting electrical signals into acoustic waves. These waves are transmitted through a path defining means adjacent to a layer of dust and then, in turn, transmitted to a receiving transducer for changing the attenuated acoustic wave to electrical signals. The signals representing the attenuated acoustic waves may be amplified and used in a means for analyzing the output signals to produce an output indicative of the dust deposition rates and/or values of dust in the layer. 8 figs.

  7. Fixed points and limit cycles in the population dynamics of lysogenic viruses and their hosts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Zhenyu; Goldenfeld, Nigel

    2010-07-01

    Starting with stochastic rate equations for the fundamental interactions between microbes and their viruses, we derive a mean-field theory for the population dynamics of microbe-virus systems, including the effects of lysogeny. In the absence of lysogeny, our model is a generalization of that proposed phenomenologically by Weitz and Dushoff. In the presence of lysogeny, we analyze the possible states of the system, identifying a limit cycle, which we interpret physically. To test the robustness of our mean-field calculations to demographic fluctuations, we have compared our results with stochastic simulations using the Gillespie algorithm. Finally, we estimate the range of parameters that delineate the various steady states of our model.

  8. Aerobraking orbital transfer vehicle

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Scott, Carl D. (Inventor); Nagy, Kornel (Inventor); Roberts, Barney B. (Inventor); Ried, Robert C. (Inventor); Kroll, Kenneth R. (Inventor); Gamble, Joe (Inventor)

    1989-01-01

    An aerobraking orbital transfer vehicle which includes an aerobraking device which also serves as a heat shield in the shape of a raked-off elliptic or circular cone with a circular or elliptical base, and with an ellipsoid or other blunt shape nose. The aerobraking device is fitted with a toroid-like skirt and is integral with the support structure of the propulsion system and other systems of the space vehicle. The vehicle is intended to be transported in components to a space station in lower earth orbit where it is assembled for use as a transportation system from low earth orbit to geosynchronous earth orbit and return. Conventional guidance means are included for autonomous flight.

  9. Swarm based mean-variance mapping optimization (MVMOS) for solving economic dispatch

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Khoa, T. H.; Vasant, P. M.; Singh, M. S. Balbir; Dieu, V. N.

    2014-10-01

    The economic dispatch (ED) is an essential optimization task in the power generation system. It is defined as the process of allocating the real power output of generation units to meet required load demand so as their total operating cost is minimized while satisfying all physical and operational constraints. This paper introduces a novel optimization which named as Swarm based Mean-variance mapping optimization (MVMOS). The technique is the extension of the original single particle mean-variance mapping optimization (MVMO). Its features make it potentially attractive algorithm for solving optimization problems. The proposed method is implemented for three test power systems, including 3, 13 and 20 thermal generation units with quadratic cost function and the obtained results are compared with many other methods available in the literature. Test results have indicated that the proposed method can efficiently implement for solving economic dispatch.

  10. General theory of multistage geminate reactions of isolated pairs of reactants. I. Kinetic equations.

    PubMed

    Doktorov, Alexander B; Kipriyanov, Alexey A

    2014-05-14

    General matrix approach to the consideration of multistage geminate reactions of isolated pairs of reactants depending on reactant mobility is formulated on the basis of the concept of "effective" particles. Various elementary reactions (stages of multistage reaction including physicochemical processes of internal quantum state changes) proceeding with the participation of isolated pairs of reactants (or isolated reactants) are taken into account. Investigation has been made in terms of kinetic approach implying the derivation of general (matrix) kinetic equations for local and mean probabilities of finding any of the reaction species in the sample under study (or for local and mean concentrations). The recipes for the calculation of kinetic coefficients of the equations for mean quantities in terms of relative coordinates of reactants have been formulated in the general case of inhomogeneous reacting systems. Important specific case of homogeneous reacting systems is considered.

  11. ASA24-2016

    Cancer.gov

    The user interface for all 2016 versions of ASA24, including ASA24-Canada-2016 and ASA24-Australia-2016, employs a responsive design, meaning that these latest versions of the ASA24 system can be used on sm artphones and tablets, in addition to laptops and desktops.

  12. 48 CFR 252.239-7016 - Telecommunications security equipment, devices, techniques, and services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., record, and data communications, including management information systems and local data networks that...) Sensitive information means any information the loss, misuse, or modification of which, or unauthorized... subcontractors to transmit— (i) Classified or sensitive information; (ii) Matters involving intelligence...

  13. 40 CFR 63.1381 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... fiberglass to which a phenol-formaldehyde binder has been applied. Building insulation means bonded wool fiberglass insulation, having a loss on ignition of less than 8 percent and a density of less than 32... includes foundations, superstructure and retaining walls, raw material charger systems, heat exchangers...

  14. 40 CFR 63.1381 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... fiberglass to which a phenol-formaldehyde binder has been applied. Building insulation means bonded wool fiberglass insulation, having a loss on ignition of less than 8 percent and a density of less than 32... includes foundations, superstructure and retaining walls, raw material charger systems, heat exchangers...

  15. 40 CFR 63.1381 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... fiberglass to which a phenol-formaldehyde binder has been applied. Building insulation means bonded wool fiberglass insulation, having a loss on ignition of less than 8 percent and a density of less than 32... includes foundations, superstructure and retaining walls, raw material charger systems, heat exchangers...

  16. 48 CFR 24.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 24.101... Definitions. As used in this subpart— Agency means any executive department, military department, Government... an individual that is maintained by an agency, including, but not limited to, education, financial...

  17. 12 CFR 1291.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... scoring process pursuant to the requirements of § 1291.5 of this part. Cost of funds means, for purposes of a subsidized advance, the estimated cost of issuing Bank System consolidated obligations with... that are not owner-occupants, including overnight and emergency shelters, transitional housing for...

  18. 12 CFR 1291.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... scoring process pursuant to the requirements of § 1291.5 of this part. Cost of funds means, for purposes of a subsidized advance, the estimated cost of issuing Bank System consolidated obligations with... that are not owner-occupants, including overnight and emergency shelters, transitional housing for...

  19. 12 CFR 1291.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... scoring process pursuant to the requirements of § 1291.5 of this part. Cost of funds means, for purposes of a subsidized advance, the estimated cost of issuing Bank System consolidated obligations with... that are not owner-occupants, including overnight and emergency shelters, transitional housing for...

  20. 12 CFR 1291.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... scoring process pursuant to the requirements of § 1291.5 of this part. Cost of funds means, for purposes of a subsidized advance, the estimated cost of issuing Bank System consolidated obligations with..., including overnight and emergency shelters, transitional housing for homeless households, mutual housing...

  1. 12 CFR 1291.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... scoring process pursuant to the requirements of § 1291.5 of this part. Cost of funds means, for purposes of a subsidized advance, the estimated cost of issuing Bank System consolidated obligations with... that are not owner-occupants, including overnight and emergency shelters, transitional housing for...

  2. 48 CFR 2402.101 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... GENERAL DEFINITIONS OF WORDS AND TERMS Definitions 2402.101 Definitions. Accounting Office means the Office of Accounting Operations within the Office of the Chief Financial Officer and includes that Office... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Definitions. 2402.101...

  3. 16 CFR 1204.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the total rate at which electrical charge is transported through the antenna-mast system in response to the applied test voltage, including both capacitive and resistive components. (f) Electrical... can be measured by the current monitoring device. (g) Feed cable means the electrical cable that...

  4. 49 CFR 236.903 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... electrical, mechanical, hardware, or software) that is part of a system or subsystem. Configuration..., including the hardware components and software version, is documented and maintained through the life-cycle... or compensates individuals to perform the duties specified in § 236.921 (a). Executive software means...

  5. 49 CFR 236.903 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... electrical, mechanical, hardware, or software) that is part of a system or subsystem. Configuration..., including the hardware components and software version, is documented and maintained through the life-cycle... or compensates individuals to perform the duties specified in § 236.921 (a). Executive software means...

  6. 49 CFR 236.903 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... electrical, mechanical, hardware, or software) that is part of a system or subsystem. Configuration..., including the hardware components and software version, is documented and maintained through the life-cycle... or compensates individuals to perform the duties specified in § 236.921 (a). Executive software means...

  7. 49 CFR 236.903 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... electrical, mechanical, hardware, or software) that is part of a system or subsystem. Configuration..., including the hardware components and software version, is documented and maintained through the life-cycle... or compensates individuals to perform the duties specified in § 236.921 (a). Executive software means...

  8. 42 CFR 37.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., Morgantown, WV 26505. (j) Preemployment physical examination means any medical examination which includes a... image acquisition systems that detect X-ray signals using a cassette-based photostimulable storage... radiographic image to electronic signals which are then processed and stored so they can be displayed. (2...

  9. 40 CFR 160.45 - Test system supply facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... aquatic plants. (2) Facilities for plant growth, including, but not limited to greenhouses, growth chambers, light banks, and fields. (c) When appropriate, facilities for aquatic animal tests shall be... preserved by appropriate means. (b) When appropriate, plant supply facilities shall be provided. As...

  10. Device and method for producing a containment barrier underneath and around in-situ buried waste

    DOEpatents

    Gardner, B.M.; Smith, A.M.; Hanson, R.W.; Hodges, R.T.

    1998-08-11

    An apparatus is described for building a horizontal underground barrier by cutting through soil and depositing a slurry, preferably on which cures into a hardened material. The apparatus includes a digging means for cutting and removing soil to create a void under the surface of the ground and injection means for inserting barrier-forming material into the void. In one embodiment, the digging means is a continuous cutting chain. Mounted on the continuous cutting chain are cutter teeth for cutting through soil and discharge paddles for removing the loosened soil. This invention includes a barrier placement machine, a method for building an underground horizontal containment barrier using the barrier placement machine, and the underground containment system. Preferably the underground containment barrier goes underneath and around the site to be contained in a bathtub-type containment. 15 figs.

  11. A qualitative assessment of a random process proposed as an atmospheric turbulence model

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sidwell, K.

    1977-01-01

    A random process is formed by the product of two Gaussian processes and the sum of that product with a third Gaussian process. The resulting total random process is interpreted as the sum of an amplitude modulated process and a slowly varying, random mean value. The properties of the process are examined, including an interpretation of the process in terms of the physical structure of atmospheric motions. The inclusion of the mean value variation gives an improved representation of the properties of atmospheric motions, since the resulting process can account for the differences in the statistical properties of atmospheric velocity components and their gradients. The application of the process to atmospheric turbulence problems, including the response of aircraft dynamic systems, is examined. The effects of the mean value variation upon aircraft loads are small in most cases, but can be important in the measurement and interpretation of atmospheric turbulence data.

  12. Zinc electrode and rechargeable zinc-air battery

    DOEpatents

    Ross, Jr., Philip N.

    1989-01-01

    An improved zinc electrode is disclosed for a rechargeable zinc-air battery comprising an outer frame and a porous foam electrode support within the frame which is treated prior to the deposition of zinc thereon to inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites on the external surface thereof. The outer frame is provided with passageways for circulating an alkaline electrolyte through the treated zinc-coated porous foam. A novel rechargeable zinc-air battery system is also disclosed which utilizes the improved zinc electrode and further includes an alkaline electrolyte within said battery circulating through the passageways in the zinc electrode and an external electrolyte circulation means which has an electrolyte reservoir external to the battery case including filter means to filter solids out of the electrolyte as it circulates to the external reservoir and pump means for recirculating electrolyte from the external reservoir to the zinc electrode.

  13. Reimplantation of the resected tumour-bearing segment after recycling using liquid nitrogen for osteosarcoma.

    PubMed

    Abdel Rahman, Mohamed; Bassiony, Ayman; Shalaby, Hisham

    2009-10-01

    Reconstruction after en block resection of malignant tumours is still the subject of debate. We questioned the effectiveness of reconstruction by reimplanting the tumour-bearing segment after recycling in liquid nitrogen. Ten patients with osteosarcoma around the knee were included, with a mean age of 21 years. The operative technique included wide en bloc excision, debridement, and management of the resected segment with liquid nitrogen followed by reimplantation and internal fixation. At a mean follow-up of 4.5 years there was no local or systemic recurrence and the mean functional score was 82.4%. The frozen graft united proximally and distally in all but one patient in a period ranging from six to ten months. The effectiveness of this reconstruction technique in properly selected patients with osteosarcoma is comparable to other techniques of biological reconstruction with the added benefit of being simple, cheap and durable.

  14. A comparison of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across four systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs)

    PubMed Central

    Greenfield, Julia; Hudson, Marie; Vinet, Evelyne; Fortin, Paul R.; Bykerk, Vivian; Pineau, Christian A.; Wang, Mianbo; Bernatsky, Sasha; Baron, Murray

    2017-01-01

    Objectives To compare physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across four systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD). Methods Incident subjects enrolled in four SARD cohorts, namely systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) were studied. The outcomes of interest were baseline Short Form Health Survey physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summary scores. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine whether PCS and MCS scores differed across SARD type. Results The study included 118 SLE (93% women, mean age 36 years), 108 SSc (79% women, mean age 55), 64 RA (63% women, mean age 58) and 25 IIM (68% women, mean age 49) subjects. Mean PCS scores were 38.9 ± 12.2 in SLE, 37.1 ± 13.3 in RA, 35.0 ± 13.6 in SSc and 28.0 ± 15.4 in IIM. Mean MCS scores were 45.0 ± 13.3 in RA, 44.4 ± 14.7 in SSc, 40.1 ± 14.3 in SLE and 33.6 ± 18.7 in IIM. SARD type was an independent predictor of HRQoL with, in some cases, the magnitude of the differences reaching one standard deviation (IIM worse PCS scores compared to SLE (β -12.23 [95% CI -18.11, -6.36; p<0.001]); IIM worse MCS scores compared to SSc (β -11.05 [95% CI -17.53, -4.58; p = 0.001]) and RA (β -11.72 [95% CI -18.62, -4.81; p = 0.001]). Conclusions Cross-SARD research provides a novel approach to gain greater understanding of commonalities and differences across rheumatic diseases. The differences observed warrant further research into correlates and trajectories over time. PMID:29261752

  15. Crash-Fire Protection System for T-56 Turbopropeller Engine Using Water as Cooling and Inerting Agent

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Busch, Arthur M.; Campbell, John A.

    1959-01-01

    A crash-fire protection system to suppress the ignition of crash-spilled fuel that may be ingested by a T-56 turbopropeller engine is described. This system includes means for rapidly extinguishing the combustor flame and means for cooling and inerting with water the hot engine parts likely to ignite engine-ingested fuel. Combustion-chamber flames were extinguished in 0.07 second at the engine fuel manifold. Hot engine parts were inerted and cooled by 52 pounds of water discharged at ten engine stations. Performance trials of the crash-fire prevention system were conducted by bringing the engine up to takeoff temperature, stopping the normal fuel flow to the engine, starting the water discharge, and then spraying fuel into the engine to simulate crash-ingested fuel. No fires occurred during these trials, although fuel was sprayed into the engine from 0.3 second to 15 minutes after actuating the crash-fire protection system.

  16. A meta-analysis of instructional systems applied in science teaching

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Willett, John B.; Yamashita, June J. M.; Anderson, Ronald D.

    This article is a report of a meta-analysis on the question: What are the effects of different instructional systems used in science teaching? The studies utilized in this meta-analysis were identified by a process that included a systematic screening of all dissertations completed in the field of science education since 1950, an ERIC search of the literature, a systematic screening of selected research journals, and the standard procedure of identifying potentially relevant studies through examination of the bibliographies of the studies reviewed. In all, the 130 studies coded gave rise to 341 effect sizes. The mean effect size produced over all systems was 0.10 with a standard deviation of 0.41, indicating that, on the average, an innovative teaching system in this sample produced one-tenth of a standard deviation better performance than traditional science teaching. Particular kinds of teaching systems, however, produced results that varied from this overall result. Mean effect sizes were also computed by year of publication, form of publication, grade level, and subject matter.

  17. Intracochlear Drug Delivery Systems

    PubMed Central

    Borenstein, Jeffrey T.

    2011-01-01

    Introduction Advances in molecular biology and in the basic understanding of the mechanisms associated with sensorineural hearing loss and other diseases of the inner ear, are paving the way towards new approaches for treatments for millions of patients. However, the cochlea is a particularly challenging target for drug therapy, and new technologies will be required to provide safe and efficacious delivery of these compounds. Emerging delivery systems based on microfluidic technologies are showing promise as a means for direct intracochlear delivery. Ultimately, these systems may serve as a means for extended delivery of regenerative compounds to restore hearing in patients suffering from a host of auditory diseases. Areas covered in this review Recent progress in the development of drug delivery systems capable of direct intracochlear delivery is reviewed, including passive systems such as osmotic pumps, active microfluidic devices, and systems combined with currently available devices such as cochlear implants. The aim of this article is to provide a concise review of intracochlear drug delivery systems currently under development, and ultimately capable of being combined with emerging therapeutic compounds for the treatment of inner ear diseases. Expert Opinion Safe and efficacious treatment of auditory diseases will require the development of microscale delivery devices, capable of extended operation and direct application to the inner ear. These advances will require miniaturization and integration of multiple functions, including drug storage, delivery, power management and sensing, ultimately enabling closed-loop control and timed-sequence delivery devices for treatment of these diseases. PMID:21615213

  18. Practical Side of the Bibliographic Information Retrieval System in the National Museum of Ethnology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kondo, Katsuichi

    The information retrieval system of the National Museum of Ethnology made its debut in 1979 and now enables us to search the books not only in the Museum but in the country and abroad by means of JAPAN MARC & LC MARC. The author presents the outline and the development of the information managing system including the above briefly and secondly the practical case of using our retrieval system in particular. The problems to be solved in the course of the future plan are also mentioned.

  19. Automated knowledge base development from CAD/CAE databases

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wright, R. Glenn; Blanchard, Mary

    1988-01-01

    Knowledge base development requires a substantial investment in time, money, and resources in order to capture the knowledge and information necessary for anything other than trivial applications. This paper addresses a means to integrate the design and knowledge base development process through automated knowledge base development from CAD/CAE databases and files. Benefits of this approach include the development of a more efficient means of knowledge engineering, resulting in the timely creation of large knowledge based systems that are inherently free of error.

  20. Radiation dose and magnification in pelvic X-ray: EOS™ imaging system versus plain radiographs.

    PubMed

    Chiron, P; Demoulin, L; Wytrykowski, K; Cavaignac, E; Reina, N; Murgier, J

    2017-12-01

    In plain pelvic X-ray, magnification makes measurement unreliable. The EOS™ (EOS Imaging, Paris France) imaging system is reputed to reproduce patient anatomy exactly, with a lower radiation dose. This, however, has not been assessed according to patient weight, although both magnification and irradiation are known to vary with weight. We therefore conducted a prospective comparative study, to compare: (1) image magnification and (2) radiation dose between the EOS imaging system and plain X-ray. The EOS imaging system reproduces patient anatomy exactly, regardless of weight, unlike plain X-ray. A single-center comparative study of plain pelvic X-ray and 2D EOS radiography was performed in 183 patients: 186 arthroplasties; 104 male, 81 female; mean age 61.3±13.7years (range, 24-87years). Magnification and radiation dose (dose-area product [DAP]) were compared between the two systems in 186 hips in patients with a mean body-mass index (BMI) of 27.1±5.3kg/m 2 (range, 17.6-42.3kg/m 2 ), including 7 with morbid obesity. Mean magnification was zero using the EOS system, regardless of patient weight, compared to 1.15±0.05 (range, 1-1.32) on plain X-ray (P<10 -5 ). In patients with BMI<25, mean magnification on plain X-ray was 1.15±0.05 (range, 1-1.25) and, in patients with morbid obesity, 1.22±0.06 (range, 1.18-1.32). The mean radiation dose was 8.19±2.63dGy/cm 2 (range, 1.77-14.24) with the EOS system, versus 19.38±12.37dGy/cm 2 (range, 4.77-81.75) with plain X-ray (P<10 -4 ). For BMI >40, mean radiation dose was 9.36±2.57dGy/cm 2 (range, 7.4-14.2) with the EOS system, versus 44.76±22.21 (range, 25.2-81.7) with plain X-ray. Radiation dose increased by 0.20dGy with each extra BMI point for the EOS system, versus 0.74dGy for plain X-ray. Magnification did not vary with patient weight using the EOS system, unlike plain X-ray, and radiation dose was 2.5-fold lower. 3, prospective case-control study. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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