Protecting Commercial Aviation Against the Shoulder-Fired Missile Threat

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

to reestablish the Caliphate. To those not in thrall to radical Muslim ideology, no meaningful connection between these millennial goals and specific...According to prosecutors, Lakhani agreed to deliver an SA-18 missile to U.S. agents posing as buyers after he ob- tained it from Russian agents posing as

Forecasting Trafficability of Soils. Report Number 4. Information for Predicting Moisture in the Surface Foot of Various Soils

DTIC Science & Technology

1957-02-01

this report is acknowledged: Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Southeastern Forest and Range Experiment Station, and California Forest Sand Range...Washington ........... ................. .... A7 Tanbark Flat, California ....... ................. .... A8 Madera County, California ...Mississippi, Pennsylvania, California , South Carolina, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Indiana were ob- tained and analyzed. 8. The method developed for prediction

The 1980-81 AFOSR-HTTM-Stanford Conference on Complex Turbulent Flows: Comparison of Computation & Experiment.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-01

1968, 1969 and 1972 Confereaces. Zec -tain items at. the list delineate problems needing research (reattachment zones, *iv/bou j.Azy layer interactions...viscous energy equation--each in unaveraged form. As Peter Bradshaw has put it, God gave us one good model. Why should there be another model that is

Investigation of Heat Transfer in Straight and Curved Rectangular Ducts.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

theoretical explanation of the heat transfer effects required that all non-linear terms be re- tained in the flow equations. R. Kahawita and R...112, February 1370. 2’. Kahawita , R. and Meroney, R., "The Inffluence of Heating on the Stability of Laminar Boundary Layers Along Con- cave Curved

Cardiac Isoenzyme Values after Total Joint Arthroplasty Number 240: March 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-05-01

tion, postoperative myocardial infarction for myocardium. Galen8ŝ reported that its can be painless in up to 50% of patients.7 presence in the serum is...plasty of the hip and knee. organs including myocardium, brain, kid- tained between 18 and 24 hours after infarc- ney, lung, thyroid , bladder, uterus

Korean Affairs Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-11

mobilization of units in the puppet army, a large number of tanks, armoured vehicles, howitzers and helicopters. They are now desperately inciting a war...cupied by the Chinese at around 7:20 a.m. to take breakfast orders, the cur- tains of the rooms were draped with one policeman for each room standing

Using the CREW Method to Enhance Public and School Library Collections

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boon, Belinda

2009-01-01

Now, more than ever, public and school libraries struggle to main- tain their relevance in the age of instant access, electronic databases, and Google. While print collections continue to grow, many collections are drowning in obsolete, unused, and unwanted materials. And while most libraries keep up with deselection in an intelligent manner, many…

Sustaining Service Members and Their Families: Exploring Opportunities for Efficiency and Joint Provision of Services Using Nonappropriated Funds

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-31

do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax -deductible charitable contribution at...This report con- tains the results of that analysis, looking at the areas of NAF accounting and NAF employee benefits in terms of best practices in...5 CHAPTER TWO Program Area Descriptions: NAF Accounting

Aircrew Automated Escape Systems (AAES) In-Service Usage Data Analyses. Volume 1. Papers Presented at the Annual SAFE Symposium (21st), San Antonio, Texas, 5,6,7,8 November 1983.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-11-05

NECK INJURIES, ANTHROPOMETRY . MAINTENANCE, AIRCREW LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS, EJECTION INJURIES, FLIGHT SURGEON’S REPORT I ABSTRACT (Continue en reverse...AND TUMBLE: fACTORS INFLUENCING FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF NECK INJURIES SUS- TAINED BY EJECTEES; JFISNAP AIMCREW ANTHROPOMETRY ANALYSIS AND SCREENING...1979 ....................................... 1-281 U.S. Navy Aviation Mishap Aircrew Anthropometry ; 1 January 1969 through 31 December 1979

Large-scale effects of timber harvesting on stream systems in the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, USA

Treesearch

Lance R. Williams; Christopher M. Taylor; Melvin L. Warren; J. Alan Clingenpeel

2002-01-01

Using Basin Area Stream Survey (BASS) data from the USDA Forest Service, we evaluated how tim-ber harvesting influenced patterns of variation in physical stream features and regional fish and macroinvertebrate as-semblages. Data were collected for three years (1990-1992) from six hydrologically variable streams in the Ouachita Moun-tains, AR, USA that were paired by...

Large-Diameter InGaAs/AlGaAs Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers with Low Threshold Current Density Fabricated Using a Simple Chemical Etch Process

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

Epitaxial structure of vertical cavity surface - emitting laser ( VCSEL ...diameter (75 tum < d< 150 prm) vertical - cavity surface - emitting lasers fabricated from an epitaxial structure containing a single In0 .2Ga 8.,As quantum...development of vertical - cavity surface - emitting lasers ( VCSELs ) [1] has enabled III-V semiconductor technology to be applied to cer- tain optical

The p53-Deficient Mouse as a Breast Cancer Model

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-10-01

M.A. Gryka , F.Z. Bischoff, M.A. Tain- Halachmi, R.T. Bronson, and R.A. Weinberg. 1994. Tumor sky, and S.H. Friend. 1990. Germ line p53 mutations in a...J. Kassel, M.A. Gryka , F.Z. Bischoff, Weaver-Feldhaus, W. Ding, Z. Gholami, P. Soderkvist, L. M.A. Tainsky, and S.H. Friend. 1990. Germ line p53

Tests of Several Model Nacelle-Propeller Arrangements in Front of a Wing

DTIC Science & Technology

1939-09-01

uso in sub- sequent annl7scs 1 similar tosts vera made ot.tho wine alone. A second series ot tosts vas made ot each combination with the propeller...tained from tho toata of nacelles alo ~o (reference 2). ----------··-· ····---- ___ , ____ . • 14 !he maximum value of ~· has alread7 been shown to be

State and Local Intelligence in the War on Terrorism

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

the Los Angeles Police Department . Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MR-1745- LAPD , 2003. Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative. Law... Police Profes- sionalism for the Los Angeles Police Department , Russell W. Glenn, Barbara R. Panitch, Dionne Barnes-Proby, Elizabeth F. Williams, John...Mike McClary and Cap- tain Kathy Suey of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department , Captain Gary Williams of the

A Guide to Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) Delineation for Non-Perennial Streams in the Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast Region of the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-01

in vegetation characteristics. This guide addresses the underlying hydrologic and geomorphic concepts per- taining to the OHWM and the field...temporally varying hydrologic and geomorphic processes .............................. 12 4 The distribution of rankings for each of the three primary...define, amend, or replace any existing regulations, laws , or legal guidance related to the OHWM or to the regulation of WoUS. Furthermore, determining

Naval Audit Service: Effectiveness of Navy’s Internal Audit Organization is Limited.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-24

reports were inaccurate or incomplete in reporting audit findings. Additionally, summary reports on multilocation audits con- tained findings not reported... Audit Reports 29 Deficiencies in Multilocation Audits 30 ; Deficiencies in Supervision 32 Conclusions 34 " Recommendations 34 Agency Comments and Our...Congress, the Sec- retary of the Navy, or the general public. After multilocation audits , NAS headquarters issues summary reports which consolidate the

Review of Laboratory Program on Degradation Mechanisms in Soil of Wastewater From Nitroguanidine Manufacture

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-01

in./hr) (3). Nutrients (organic nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate/I nitrite-nitrogen, potassium , and phosphorus) in SFAAP soils are generally...A mixture con- taining equal portions of these was diluted with 0.085 percent potassium chloride. The 30 percent solution was filtered and the...01 L (d) Cyanamide - Spectrophotometric determination after complexation with pentacyanoamine ferrate reagent. Detection limit was approximately 100

CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering. Volume 19, Number 7

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-01

public key certificates and cryptographic keys for crypto - graphic devices. In an environment where enterprise protection relies on an array of IA-enabled...allowing for greater accuracy, currency , and relevance of the information con- tained in the satellite communications data- base will be evaluated...JWPO). The purpose of the JWPO is to define, develop, validate, and evolve the JTRS SCA; acquire wave- form software applications; acquire Crypto

Finding Multiple Lanes in Urban Road Networks with Vision and Lidar

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-24

drawbacks. First, the cost of updating and main- taining millions of kilometers of roadway is prohibitive. Second, the danger of autonomous vehicles perceiving... autonomous vehicles . We propose that a data infrastructure is useful for topological information and sparse geometry, but reject relying upon it for dense...Throughout the race, approximately 50 human- driven and autonomous vehicles were simultaneously active, thus providing realistic traffic scenarios. Our most

Conjunctive Faith: A Critique and Analysis from an Evangelical Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

Fowler regards those who practice radical monotheism as valuers of an inclusive, global community, practicing a type of universal faith that eclipses...Stages of Faith, 20. * 24 think. ,23 Niebuhr’s second type of faith relationship, which Fowler endorses, is henotheism. Niebuhr clothes henotheism...could sus- tain. In doing so, I failed to take seriously enough certain indications, which faith development categories actually make quite clear

Heat Recovery at Army Materiel Command (AMC) Facilities

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

industrial complexes and somewhat smaller commercial/ HVAC ** systems, a portion of this waste heat can be recovered, improving energy efficiency. Heat...devices are used in sequence. Other shell-and-tube applications include heat transfer from process liquids, condensates, and cooling water. Two...pipe consists of a sealed element involving an annular capillary wick con- tained inside the full length of the tube, with an appropriate entrained

Value Engineering Synergies with Lean Six Sigma

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

understanding the problem, developing solutions, and evalu- ating pros and cons of the solutions. The paramount considerations are getting enough facts and...parts or labor operations. Functions are defined for every element of the product or process that con - sumes resources. The functions are typically...shoot bullets, detect movement, and so forth). A work function establishes quantitative statements. Functional definitions con - taining a verb and a

Initial Single Event Effects Testing of the Xilinx Virtex-4 Field Programmable Gate Array

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, Gregory R.; Swift, Gary M.; Carmichael, C.; Tseng, C.

2007-01-01

We present initial results for the thin epitaxial Xilinx Virtex-4 Fie ld Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and compare to previous results ob tained for the Virtex-II and Virtex-II Pro. The data presented was a cquired through a consortium based effort with the common goal of pr oviding the space community with data and mitigation methods for the use of Xilinx FPGAs in space.

The Impact of the AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph) Divestiture on the Strategic Air Command.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

the corporate tel- ecommunications manager, think of the impact on the military communicator. For a corporation, poorly planned, installed, and main...tained telecommunications equipment and services may mean increased cost or lost profits. For the military communicator, the same prob- lems can mean ...effective telecommunications systems available, even if it means turning our backs on past methods and relationships with vendors. I 4 NOTES -CHAPTER

MATILDA Version 2: Rough Earth TIALD Model for Laser Probabilistic Risk Assessment in Hilly Terrain - Part I

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-13

support of airborne laser designator use during test and training exercises on military ranges. The initial MATILDA tool, MATILDA PRO Version-1.6.1...was based on the 2007 PRA model developed to perform range safety clearances for the UK Thermal Imaging Airborne Laser Designator (TIALD) system...AFRL Technical Reports. This Technical Report, designated Part I, con- tains documentation of the computational procedures for probabilistic fault

Promoter and Cofactor Requirements for SERM-ER Activity

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-01

was seen in the no- digestion control or no-ligation control. We performed the same experiment using thedesigned against the intergenic region between...estrogen, and the fixed chromatin was digested with a specific restriction taining an SV40 promoter and transfected these vec- tors into hormone...Enhancer Domains and Transcriptional Activity of En- hancer Regions (A) Chromosome capture assay was per- formed after digesting fixed chromatin from

Duty Module Validation for Accomplishing Taining Feedback. Volume 1. System Design for Training Feedback

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-11-14

job element for developing PCCs for the measurement of an officer’s performance capability. As a result of the work already done on Duty Modules, new...exercise is ended. Recent studies to evaluate the effect on unit mission performance as a result of assign- ing varying numbers of women soldiers to...Passes driver’s test and demonstrates ability to perform effectively in all crew positions of track vehicles in his TOE. Radios, Telephones

Congressional Report on Defense Business Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-15

by more than 1,700 users and used to store approximately 250 submissions a month. Each month, more than 2,000 documents are accessed and downloaded . 6...that is stored, managed and main- tained centrally. Data includes Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) and Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD...Office FTP File Transfer Protocol FY Fiscal Year GAO Government Accountability Office GFEBS General Fund Enterprise Business System GIS Geographic

Operation REDWING. Technical Summary of Military Effects. Programs 1-9

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-15

study chorioretinal burns. The primary objective of the program on effects on aircraft structures was to ascer- tain the reliability of current weapons...other aircraft. In the program of tests on service equipment and studies of electromagnetic effects,I 4k. the emphasis was placed on studying long...range detection of nuclear explosions. An additional objective was the study of the effects of nuclear detonations on the ionosphere and microwave

CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering. Volume 18, Number 11

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-11-01

languages. Our discipline of software engineering has really experienced phenomenal growth right before our eyes. A sign that software design has...approach on a high level of abstraction. The main emphasis is on the identification and allocation of a needed functionality (e.g., a target tracker ), rather...messaging software that is the backbone of teenage culture. As increasing security constraints will increase the cost of developing and main- taining any

Filmwise Condensation on Low Integral-Fin Tubes of Different Diameter

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-01

the prime mover of condensate . Therefore, the Nusselt analysis was not valid for finned tubes. They therefore divided the finned tube into two regions...the objectives of this thesis. Prior to these modifications, cooling water to the secondary condenser was con- tained in two helically wound coils made...temperature difference across condensate film (K), il = dynamic viscosity of condensate (N. s/m 2). By substituting the Nusselt - and the Sieder-Tate

Veterinary Laboratory Services Study - 1976.

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-09-01

rabies , equine infectious anemia and other zoonotic and animal dis— eases has actually increased or increase in this area is p lanned. Some special...functions were transferred to the Department of Chemistry in October 1975. A sheep flock is main- tained and sheep blood is supplied to clinical...since several dv~guostic procedures involving zoonotic diseases are done there. Their ciagnostic service could be considered a prototype for other Medical

Hospital Corpsman 3 + 2. Revision

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

scorpion of ) medical importance is the type called Cen-- truroides sculpturatus found in Mexico and cer- BRW-ELS tain areas of the American Southwest...Endemic centers medical officer’s supervision, exist in mountainous regions of Mexico , Central N and South America, th Bakn,.atr 1. Preventive measures...34’ CHICKENPOX-HERPES ZOSTER ( VARICELLA -SHINGLES) TREATMENT. Symptomatic treatment is normally all that is necessary. Wet compresses M. Chickenpox is an

Clinical Investigation Program Annual Progress Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-20

Presented: Interna- tional Symposium on Orthopedics, Mexico , September 1987. Publications: In preparation. 147 FAMC A.P.R. (RCS MED 300) Detail Summary...Infection: A Prospective Study. Presented: 2nd Annual Symposium of the Rocky Moun- tain Flow Cytometry Users Group, Albuquerque, New Mexico , 10-11...Podgore, COL, MC (9) Dept/ISvc: Pediatrics (10) Associate Investigators (11) Key Words: Myron J. Levin, M.D. varicella vaccine U Co. HSC (12

DESC (Defense Electronics Supply Center) Total Quality Management Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-04-01

Paoerwort Reduction Proodt(0704.01 ge. Washington. DC 20S03 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Api598 . FUNDING NUMBERS DESC Total Quality Management Master Plan...OF PAGES TQM (Total Quality Management ), Continuous Process Improvement,_________ cTainingManagement 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18... QUALITY MANAGEMENT As you read the DESC Total Quality Management Plan, I ask each of you to make a commitment to continuously strive for improvement

JPRS Report, Near East & South Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-31

character of cer- tain functions. [REVOLUTION AFRICAINE] Coordination hasn’t been the strong suit of the executive, political and legislative institutions... Westminister Bank of Britain was charged with marketing the loan provided that the nine banks participating in the loan are given equal shares. The...transitional government that would hold legislative elections to pave the way for a secular democratic regime that would bring about peace between

Bandwidth Allocation to Interactive Users in DBS-Based Hybrid Internet

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-01-01

policies 12 3.1 Framework for queuing analysis: ON/OFF source traffic model . 13 3.2 Service quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14...minimizing the queuing delay. In consequence, we were interested in ob- taining improvements in the service quality , as perceived by the users. A...the service quality as per- ceived by users. The merit of this approach, first introduced in [8], is the ability to capture the characteristics of the

Characterization of Thick Glass Reinforced Composites

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-07-01

24 ounces per square yard. The matrices were different polyester resin systems from American Cyanamid and Owens Corning . Specimen thicknesses ranged...fab- ricated similar size plates using the American Cyanamid resin. The Owens Corning plates con- tained 53% volume fraction fiber while the American...thicknesses for the Owens Corning and four for the American Cyanamid. Specimens were loaded in three point bending at a displacement rate that was changed

Detection and Evaluation of Early Breast Cancer via Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Studies of Mouse Models and Clinical Implementation

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

compartment modeling on breast 3D DCE-MRI data, to relate kinetic curves to the underlying physiology of the lesions (14–18). However, for low time...classification provided high sensitivity and low specificity in diagnosing malignant lesions. The results demonstrated that the modified EMM fit the 3D...lesion localization and characterization.11 However, for low time resolution 3D DCEMRI data, the accuracy of physiological parameters ob- tained from

Novel Nonlinear Laser Diagnostic Techniques

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

a thermometric probe of reactive flows. Since the two-photon pump laser couples a Doppler broadened ground state velocity distribution to the excited...rism, and passed unfocused into an aluminum cell con- in frequency space. Regions for line fitting are found by taining 99% pure NO. The gas mixture...of ASE as a More recently, ASE has prompted interest as an thermometric probe of combustion environments optical diagnostic of combustion environments

Decision Theory: Individual Biases and Their Effect on Forecasting in an Organization.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-01

has not bien a great deal written about how these biases effact decisicns in an organizational environment . The purpcse of -:his thesis is tc examine...and prospers while using fallible information to infer the stateb of his uncer- tain environment and to pr.dict future events. Experiments that have...chapters deal with data from two separate crganizati-ons in two different environments . The Judgmental processes of forecasTing future organizational

Toward Active Control of Noise from Hot Supersonic Jets

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-24

1.5 heated jet simulated by way of LES. spreading angles of the jet which were determined from prelimi- nary LES computations performed by CRAFT Tech...system allowed time-resolved and high dynamic range measurements to be ob- tained for a heated , supersonic jet. Each component of the system is...independently operated, temporal spacing between frames is variable and can be set in an asynchronous fashion. Such flexibility even allows eight

Projects, Products and Services: Celebrating 75 Years of Excellence

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

own war against this unyielding force of nature . The 1943 spring thaw caused eight of the Missouri’s tributaries to spill over their banks. The main...generating hydroelectricity and con- tained hydraulically-placed earthfill. Therefore, the project naturally divided itself into the dam, the... natural channel and divert its water through the newly built intake structure and tunnels. This was the first use of the hydraulic placement method

Comparison/Validation Study of Lattice Boltzmann and Navier Stokes for Various Benchmark Applications: Report 1 in Discrete Nano-Scale Mechanics and Simulations Series

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-15

solver, OpenFOAM version 2.1.‡ In particular, the incompressible laminar flow equations (Eq. 6-8) were solved in conjunction with the pressure im- plicit...central differencing and upwinding schemes, respectively. Since the OpenFOAM code is inherently transient, steady-state conditions were ob- tained...collaborative effort between Kitware and Los Alamos National Laboratory. ‡ OpenFOAM is a free, open-source computational fluid dynamics software developed

Army Logistician. Volume 35, Issue 5, September-October 2003

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-10-01

Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per...and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information...designed to deliver performance-enhancing natu- ral food elements to troops in the field. The gel con- tains a mixture of glucose and maltodextrin —a

Enzyme Polymorphism and Genetic Variability of One Colonized and Several Field Populations of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

One Colonized and Several Field Populations of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) HALA A. KASSEM ,1. 2 DAVID J. FRYAUFF,1., MAGDI G, SHEHATA...were found to erations, and that selection for refractoriness to have atypical genitalia ( Kassem et al. 1988), and infection is associated with a shift... females and has been main- tained for 34 successive generations using the allndt(96) SINAI methods described by Schmid(16) Electrophoretic Techniques

U.S. Lake Erie Natural Gas Resource Development. Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

with expensive investments by end-users in more energy efficient houses, plants and equipment. The end result of this alternative would be to post...construction of transmission systems from other sources into the Lake Erie watershed, construction of synfuel and coal gasi- fication plants and...water treatment plant and by main- taining the pit near neutral during chlorination. 1.022 If jack-up rigs, drillehips, or stimulation barges capsize

Where next for the laser?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2010-05-01

We all know that turbulence in the atmosphere makes stars twinkle, but it also severely blurs telescope images. Newton realized this back in 1730, when he wrote in Opticks that "the Air through which we look upon the Stars, is in perpetual Tremor... The only Remedy is a most serene and quiet Air, such as may perhaps be found on the tops of the highest Moun tains above the Grosser Clouds".

JPRS Report, China.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-17

political situa- tion. The distinctive history and geographical environ- ment of the western regions not only makes the situation there a microcosm of the...our watch- words; therefore, this response is not only active, but also truly feasible. History will verify that only when reform of the western...co-existing appointment and election systems will have to be main- tained. A review of world history produces the following conclusion: Democratic

Off-Site Monitoring of Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plants for Nuclear Weapons Proliferation

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

of commercial nuclear power reactors by the collection of cesium and neodynium radionuclides and the use-of isotopic correlation techniques.Both...Both Goodwin (ref 1) and Clark (ref 2) investigated off-site monitoring of commercial nuclear power reactoze by the collection of cesium and neodynium...manner than that which is used for power production.Economical generation of electrical power requires a long sus- tained fission cycle whereas Pu-239

Considerations for Net Zero Waste Installations: Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

plastic) containers or reusable drink containers (such as thermoses) can reduce the amount of metals in the waste stream. Foun- tain drink loyalty ...alternatives are needed to give customers outlets to safely dispose of unwanted HHHW. Periodic turn-in days can be valuable for this pur- pose... restaurants , schools, hospitals, and dining halls) and family housing areas where food waste is continually generated. ERDC/CERL TR-15-21 24

Measurement of Droplet Sizes by the Diffraction Ring Method

DTIC Science & Technology

1948-07-27

for measuring the droplet size distribution in sprays ob- tained by pressure injection of a liquid through an orifice «roby air- stream atomization...Diameter vs Injection Pressure 10 6. Distribution Curves for Spray Sample of Water Injected into Air Stream .... 11 Page ii Page Hi i^ujJa-je jii...tion in sprays obtained by pressure injection of a liquid through an orifice or by air- stream atomization. Perhaps the most widely used method

Microbial Fouling and Its Effect on Power Generation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-09-01

Bryers, J. D. (1980) " Dynamics of Early Biof’dm Formation in a Turbulent Flow System." Ph.D. dissertation, Rice University. Trulear, M. G. (1980...studies to date have avoided addressing fundamental questions concerning fouling in fluid flow and heat transfer systems and their effect on fluid...34clean" surface exposed to turbulent flow of a tuid con- taining dispersed microorganisms, nutrient, and organic macromolecules. Adsorption of an organic

Innovative Leader Development: Evaluation of the U.S. Army Asymmetric Warfare Adaptive Leader Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

weaknesses of any one method or measure with other approaches. Second, for most outcome measures, we used a pretest – posttest design and included measures of...behaviors on their jobs ( pretest ) or should do so ( posttest ). The surveys asked the same kinds of attitude questions for behaviors per- taining to...General cognitive ability was strongly and positively associated with scores on the pretest and posttest , but there was no interaction between the

Safety Engineering and Protective Technology in Support of Army Modernization Programs--Picatinny Arsenal Papers Presented at the 16th Annual Explosive Safety Seminar

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-08-01

beams with diagonal bracing. The siding and roofing were constructed of corrugated aluminum panels connected to the girts and purlins by 1/4- inch...Fig 8) . Also con- tained in this report are static and dynamic properties of steel columns and beams ; as well as recommended types of steels and...both the beams and the columns . 3. The interaction between axial loads and displacements. The computer program input data includes the modulus of

JPRS Report, China, Qiushi Seeking Truth, No. 5, 1 March 1991.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-09

people, bent solely on profits and leading a exuberant vitality. More and more cultural workers are corrupt life, gradually grew more and more. Especially... irrational to adopt, on this basis, a dards of intraparty political life and the organizational negative attitude of detesting politics and to go to...We should see that the inflation in the irrational demands for housing, in cer- building industry can also make money and is an impor- tain

A Study of the Attitudes of Married Minuteman Crewmembers and Their Wives Concerning Female Minuteman Crewmembers

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-01

female crew. The crewmembers were about evenly split as to type of crew pairing. The author recommended using an all-female crew pairing plan when...obtained so that the respondents could be assigned to various subpopulations during the analysis. Data ob- tained provided information about: Type of...respondent is made. There are many types of correlations that can be calculated but the parti- cular one employed by SPSS is Pearson’s correlation. A

Large Eddy Simulations of Supercritical Mixing Layers for Air Force Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

Taskinoglu and J. Bellan Species m( gmo \\-]) 7). (K) P,(MPa) N2 28.013 126.3 3.399 C7H16 100.205...equation is that its source term, called the irreversible en- tropy production, which is by definition is the dissipation [3|, con - tains the full extent...with sim- ilar or even larger gradient magnitudes under fully turbulent con - ditions (the experimental data was for Re = O(104) - O(105)). Thus

Journal of Special Operations Medicine, Volume 7, Edition 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

SOMA through www.somaonline.org or contact MSG Russell Justice at justicer@earthlink.net. SOMA pro - vides a very valuable means of obtaining SOF...battlefield. The committee now has representation from all the Serv- ices and is busy deciding which way it needs to pro - ceed. There should be a...medical lessons learned and unit after actions reports (AARs) that con - tain combat mission needs has been a discussed item; this has been

Fate of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in a Simulated Compost System

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-09-01

to the NaOH solution. The insoluble material remaining after the NaOH fractionation con- tained the humin fraction as well as remaining cellulose ...insoluble) (solb) HUMIN + CELLULOSE MIBK (insoluble) (MIBK) (aqueous) ICELLULOSE HUMIN HUMIC ACID + FULVIC ACID +HCI to pH 1 (insoLuble) (soluble...0.5 N NaOH (insoluble) (soluble) HUMIN+ CELLULOSE • MIBK (insoluble) (MIBK) (aqueous) CELLULOSE HUMIN HUMIC ACID + FULVIC ACID + HUMIN +HCl to pH 1

Legislative and Regulatory Actions Needed to Deal with a Changing Domestic Telecommunications Industry.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-24

procedures? GAO recommends that the Congress address these questions by amending the Communications Act of 1934 to establish the basic framework to create...concerns with rate of return/rate base regulation 198 VII Basic procedures used in establishing rates of return 201 VIII Problems regarding AT&T’s rate...prompted a critical reexamination of the basic communications policy and regulatory methods con- tained in the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C

Research and Development of Wound Dressing in Maxillofacial Trauma.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-14

Lidocaine 7 Table 4 PVP-1 2 (BASF 17/12) Microcapsule Size Distribution 8 Table 5 Processing Summary of PVP-1 2 (BASF 17/12) Microencapsulation 9 Table...benzalkonium chloride (Maquat LC-12S) was also incorporated into fabrics and powders. The povidone iodine (BASF 17/12) was microencapsulated using the... microcapsules con- taining povidone iodine. At 30% polymer, 70% of the product was between :- 212-600 microns. This material gave in vitro release of

Interservice/Industry Training Systems Conference (13th) Held in Orlando, Florida on 2-5 December 1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

within the be able to design and implement tactile feedback, cube. These simulations range from pc-oased binaural hearing, and autosterioscopic...of the 6-per-revolution beat simulate local wind velocities near the hub. experienced by the tandem 3-blade rotor hubs of the CH46, thus minimizing the...totally -- taking inventory and main- ignored- in another. For example, the taining the security of the videotape entitled " Beating the Odds -- of the

Effects of Formulated Glyphosate and Adjuvant Tank Mixes on Atomization from Aerial Application Flat Fan Nozzles

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Bradley K. Fritz,1 W. Clint Hoffmann,1 and W. E. Bagley2 Effects of Formulated Glyphosate and Adjuvant Tank Mixes on Atomization from Aerial...Application Flat Fan Nozzles REFERENCE: Fritz, Bradley K., Hoffmann, W. Clint, and Bagley, W. E., “Effects of Formulated Glyphosate and Adjuvant Tank Mixes on...factors. Twelve spray-solution treatments were evaluated, ten of which contained a formulated glyphosate product and nine of these con- tained an

Conduct Research on the Foraging Ecology of Beaked Whales in Hawaiian Waters

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-30

The M3R (Marine Mammal Monitoring on Navy Ranges) software were used to analyze the data. M3R can identify the biosonar signals from short-finned...various detections in terms of the percent of observation periods (OBSP) that con- tained biosonar clicks from the five different species (Cuvier...observation periods (OBSP) in which biosonar clicks were detected. Since each observation period is 30 seconds every 5 minutes, a total of 288 observation

A Critical Assessment of the Aluminum Cartridge Case Failure Mechanism

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-03-01

achievements of an exploratory development program at Frankford Arsenal. The program was initiated to determine the engineering parameters required for...third that of brass cases, are ideal for improving the combat load effectiveness of an infantryman, a combat vehicle or a gunship« To enable...damage sus- tained by aluminum cartridge cases during "burn-through". A more accurate method of determining the effect of "burn- through" in a

Finding The Right Way: Toward an Army Institutional Ethic

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

viewed as a collective American failure, rather than the failure of just Cap- tain Ernest Medina, Lieutenant William Calley, and the platoon.46 In the past...This is largely true. How- ever, William Deresiewicz noted that only Abu Ghraib was widely discussed, and he asked the question, “How many more of...and dispersed throughout the manual. In 2002, USAWC students Lieutenant Colonels Mark Patterson and Janet Phipps found the doctrine ethically

New York City, New York Municipal Forest Resource Analysis

Treesearch

P.J. Peper; E.G. McPherson; J.R. Simpson; S.L. Gardner; K.E. Vargas; Q. Xiao

2007-01-01

New York City, the largest city in the United States and one of the world’s major global cities, main-tains trees as an integral component of the urban infrastructure (Figure 1). Since 1995, over 120,000 trees have been planted along the streets of the city’s five boroughs. Over 592,000 street trees are managed by the New York City Department of Parks & Recreation...

Security of Y-00 and Similar Quantum Cryptographic Protocols

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-11-16

security of Y-00 type protocols is clarified. Key words: Quantum cryptography PACS: 03.67.Dd Anew approach to quantum cryptog- raphy called KCQ, ( keyed ...classical- noise key generation [2] or the well known BB84 quantum protocol [3]. A special case called αη (or Y-00 in Japan) has been experimentally in... quantum noise for typical op- erating parameters. It weakens both the data and key security , possibly information-theoretically and cer- tainly

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, International Affairs

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-09-11

and ethnic contradictions as well as social-class ones. In the Malaysian state bureaucracy, for example, basically Malaysian in derivation, a policy...of seeing that the share of Malaysian capital in trade and industry reaches 30 percent by 1990 is being doggedly pursued to the detri- ment of the...Chinese and Indian capital that still main- tains its sway in the country’s economy. The Malaysian origins of the traditionally honored hereditary

Software Supportability Risk Assessment in OT&E (Operational Test and Evaluation): Literature Review, Current Research Review, and Data Base Assemblage.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-28

variables before simula- tion of model - Search for reality checks a, - Express uncertainty as a probability density distribution. a. H2 a, H-22 TWIF... probability that the software con- tains errors. This prior is updated as test failure data are accumulated. Only a p of 1 (software known to contain...discusssed; both parametric and nonparametric versions are presented. It is shown by the author that the bootstrap underlies the jackknife method and

A Comparison of Nonlinear Filters for Orbit Determination and Estimation

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-06-01

Com- mand uses a nonlinear least squares filter for element set maintenance for all objects orbiting the Earth (3). These objects, including active...initial state vector is the singularly averaged classical orbital element set provided by SPACECOM/DOA. The state vector in this research consists of...GSF (G) - - 26.0 36.7 GSF(A) 32.1 77.4 38.8 59.6 The Air Force Space Command is responsible for main- taining current orbital element sets for about

Translations on Eastern Europe, Political, Sociological, and Military Affairs. No. 1310

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-10-21

alone main- tain in the GDR 52 hospitals with 7,000 beds, 87 homes and institutions for the physically and mentally disabled, with room for more than...40 hospitals and 167 other church homes for social welfare purposes in the GDR. Similar statistics could also be cited for the smaller religious...or not the witness of Jesus Christ is not being told listlessly and nervously in them; —to the church executive committees, whether they take up and

Development of Composite Spectrophotometric Procedures for the Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels and of Aluminum and Its Alloys

DTIC Science & Technology

1952-11-01

COPPER lb Although copper can be determined by measurement of the blue cupric ammonia complex, the reaction is not very sensitive and is subject to...alkaline solution of the sample con- taining tartrate , provided a means of separation of copper by extraction of WADO TR 52-246 1 the copper bensoinoximate...potassium tartrate ), and sodium hydroxide solution added to ad- just the pH within the range ll3 to 12-3. After adding alpha-benzoinoxime the mixture was

Analytical Methods for Determining Nitroguanidine in Soil and Water

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-11-01

Westerdahl 1986, Manning and Maskar- inec 1987) eluted with a mobile phase that is pre- Table 2. Summary of high-performance liquid chromatographic methods...mg/L Ogle and Westerdahl (1986) 3 mL/min dominantly water. Nitroguanidine is not well re- saved using a Hewlett Packard 9114B disk drive. tained on...the ex- Ogle, E.E. and R.P. Westerdahl (1986) On-line tracts are filtered through 0.45-pm membranes. monitors for water pollutants. USA Armament Re

Precision Timing and Measurement for Inference with Laser and Vision

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Robotics 24, 8-9 (2007), 699–722. [84] Nüchter, A., Surmann, H., Lingemann, K., and Hertzberg, J. Semantic scene analysis of scanned 3D indoor...Delaunay based triangulation can be ob- tained. Popping the points back to their 3D locations yields a feature sensitive surface mesh . Sequeira et al... texture maps acquired from cameras, the eye can be fooled into believing that the mesh quality is better than it really is. Range images are used to

Essays on Strategy VII

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

framework for a post -Cold War strategy, but rather to give examples of the elements such a strategy might con- tain, as well as some suggestions of...aspects of our national strategy. We are, for example , rcvising our conception of the Warsaw Pact nations as a single entity and our perception of...imaginatively with the issues of the post -Cold War period. One of them addresses general US strategy for the 1990s. Three focus on high-level strategic

Mechanisms in Chronic Multisymptom Illnesses

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Psychiatry 2003;160:374–6. NEURAL ACTIVATIONS IN DEPRESSION AND CHRONIC PAIN 1583 21. Wolfe F, Ross K, Anderson J, Russell IJ. Aspects of fibromyalgia in...consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art. Pain 2000;85:317–332.) S. A. MCLEAN et al. 784 Psychosomatic Medicine 67:783–790 (2005) tain...Report of the Moss International Working Group on medico-legal aspects of chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain complaints and fibromyal- gia. Scand

NMR System for a Type II Quantum Computer

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

Kevin Henry, Jr., "Coherent Control in QIP" June 2007. Please see Appendix pdf file pages 296-399. 4 Chapter 1 Introduction Recent research [1, 2, 3...can often by reduced by careful design of the time dependence of control fields. This is possible since the operators underlying the incoherence are...ob- tained by measurement. 21 1.2 Optimal Control Theory applied to Quantum Systems One of the main goals for theoretical research in quantum control

Sealane Defense: An Emerging Role for the JMSDF?

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

Constitution which is quoted below: Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a...in 1978 and 1981, showed an increase from 77 percent to 83 percent in people who favored strengthening or main- taining the SDF at present level. The ...of the ruling elite are graduates of the University of Tokyo. These ties may be likened to , but are many magnitudes greater, than those found among

YC-15 Interior Noise Measurements. Technical Discussion.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-03-01

almost equal chord segments of the flap. The spoilers ahead of the flap are drooped as a function of flap motion to main- tain an effective slot...fan and primary exhaust air with freestream air to produce rapid temperature and velocity reduction and to spread the exhaust wake over a large span of...PRESSURESMAme Model AR- 200 Kulie Doglas14 Channel Mode XTE19010 D gital ataTape Transducer Signal Condition- INLET ACOUSTICS AND ~ odI ing Amplfiers

Integrated Parallel Processes: The Elements of Meaning in Language. Volume IV.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-11-01

times linguistics and psychology have sought them. Religion is deeply involved, and anthropology and sociology are in important ways relevant. The...quite cir’rly. No matter what heights the human mind can at- tain, it can work only with the organs it has and the functions peculiar to them. Eyes that...is speci- fied. If a neighborhood is specified with respect to outline, colour and texture, then all objects in a sufficiently small neighborhood will

Ice Particle Charge Transfer Studies.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-30

sufficient time for the rime feathers to grow . The rimed target was then exposed to the salt droplet cloud produced by a small Unicorn nebuliser. This...limited in extent, and it was possible only to grow crystals of 100 pm diameter; whereas, in nature, crystals have time to grow several hundred microns...updraft which countered ti~e terminal fall velocity of the growing crystals. The droplet supply was main- tained and the crystals grew to about 150-200

Long-Bone Injury Criteria for Use with the Articulated Total Body Model

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

bone - human, canine, bovine, etc.; condition of bone - dry, wet , embalmed , fresh; subject variations - height, weight, health, sex, age, etc; whole bone...stress strain curves ob- tained by McElhaney for various strain rates in compression. This is for embalmed human compact bone. Ultimate stress, ultimate...reported for fresh human bone of 25,000 psi (see Table 1). Recall that the McElhaney data is from embalmed subjects. If it is assumed, for lack of any real

Effect of Coadministration of Vancomycin and BMP-2 on Cocultured Staphylococcus aureus and W-20-17 Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Vitro

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-01

regard to war traumas in ex- tremities, where infection of open type III fractures is all but cer- tain (10, 33). These bacterial infections complicate...healing and reduce infection . J. Orthop. Trauma 25:477– 482. 19. Gustilo RB, Anderson JT. 1976. Prevention of infection in the treatment of one...subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number 1. REPORT DATE 01

Uncoupling GP1 and GP2 Expression in the Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Complex: Implications for GPI Ectodomain Shedding

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-23

glycoprotein precursor (GPC) signal peptide (SP) or human IgG signal sequences (s.s.). GP2 was secreted from cells only when (1) the transmembrane (TM) domain...consistent with viral TM fusion proteins [9,10]. GPC con- tains a 58 residue hydrophobic N-terminal signal peptide (SP), which directs the precursor to the...including GPC, GP1, and GP2. Various signal peptides , purification tags, and modifications to internal domains were employed for the generation and

Gaseous Electronics Conference (35th) Held at Dallas, Texas, 19-22 October 1982.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-12-31

Hz LTE arcs con- taining mrury and metal halide additives such as Nal and Sc13 . , Using a well defined cylindrical arc vessel and a known mercury ...termination of the high pressure mercury arc will be presented. 1 F.E. Irons, J.Quant.Spect.Radiat.Transfer 22,1,(1979). 41IBLANK I- CA-3 Time Dependent...High pressure mercury lamps were. operated on a perioically pulsed supply voltage. From optically thin mercury line emission the variation of the axial

Characterization of the Chemical Constitution and Profile of Pharmacological Activity of PGBx.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-30

Mitochondrial Oxydative Phosphorylation System Columna Percent Activity- Comments Fractiorr 20 g 40 4g 7 50 100 slightly lower specific activity 8 115 115...amber alcoholic solution con- taining 155.6 mg of PGBx acid per ml. It was converted to the water- soluble sodium salt by us and both the freeze dried...salt and alcoholic solution were stored at 50C in a dessicator. For all biological studies, PGBx-Na was dissolved in appropriate volumes of Sorenson’s

Exercise in the Heat is Limited by a Critical Internal Temperature

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-08-01

various strains of antelope (20), the cheetah (21), dogs (24), and humans (6, 12, 14, 15). There is evidence that limitations in endurance performance in...On receipt, all rats were main- tained on a calorically restricted diet , receiving 60–63% of the diet consumed by rats fed ad libitum, as determined by...occurred when Thyp reached 42.0–42.9°C in exercising goats. Furthermore, cheetahs cease running when their core temperature reaches 40.5°C (21

Clinical Investigation Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-30

Mexico , September 1987. Publications: None ! ~t 4, FAMC A.P.R. (RCS MED 300) Detail Summary Sheet (HSCR 40-23 as amended) (1) Date: 30 Sep 87 (2...Infection: A Prospective Study. Presented: 2nd Annual Symposium of the Rocky Moun-tain Flow Cytometry Users Group, Albuquerque, New Mexico , 10-11...COL, MC (9) Dept/Sv:Pe-at (10) Associate Tnvestigators (lI) Tey WoJr--s: Myron J. Levin, M.D. varicella vaccine U Co. HSC (12) Accumu tEve MEDCASE:* 1

Physical and Chemical Properties of Pan-Derived Electrospun Activated Carbon Nanofibers and Their Potential for Use As An Adsorbent for Toxic Industrial Chemicals (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-14

nitro- gen impregnation is a complex process, as retaining the ni- trogen, which can exist in numerous forms—many of which are not basic (e.g., pyrrole ...identity 398.1 35.4 Pyridinic 400.7 57.3 Pyrrolic 403.1 7.3 Pyridine-N-oxide ACFC. The coal-derived BPL™ has been measured to con- tain a significant amount...functionalities as pyrrolic functionalities (Boudou 2003). Others have shown simi- lar results for ammonia-treated carbons (Stohr et al. 1991; Mangun

Energetic Ionic Liquids Based on Lanthanide Nitrate Complex Anions (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

calculated nitrogen content for CO-balanced aluminum -con- taining ionic liquids is 28%,[3] while the nitrogen content of CO-balanced salts 11 and 12 is...1 mg of 11 was heated to 200 8C in a micro melting point apparatus, gases rapidly evolved to leave white lanthanum oxide powder . The decomposition...Iyen- gar , J. Tomasi, V. Barone, B. Mennucci, M. Cossi, G. Scalmani, N. Rega, G. A. Petersson, H. Nakatsuji, M. Hada, M. Ehara, K. Toyota, R. Fukuda, J

The Stillborn Army: Political Contention and the Fate of De Gaulle’s Armee de Metier

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-25

the Germans in antitank weapons S 1Anthony Adamthwaite, France and the Coming of the Second World War 1936-1939 (London: Frank Cass & Co., 1977), xii...Liddell-Hart, . -. History of the Second World War (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1971), 21. 3 James F. McMillan, Dreyfus to de Gaulle: Politics and...Comino of the Second World War , xi. ... 55j. R. Tournoux, P~tain and de Gaulle. 1964, trans. Oliver Coburn .4,-.,., (London: William Heinemann, 1966

Determination of the Width of the Carrier Recombination Zone in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-09-18

biphenyl-4,48-diamine ~TPD!/tris-~8-hydroxyquinolinato! aluminum III ( Alq3 )/ Mg:Ag. In addition, an independent evaluation of the light output coupling...5 min. TPD, obtained from H. W. Sands, was used as the hole transport layer and Alq3 , ob- tained from TCI America, was used as the emitting/electron...transport layer. TPD was used as received while Alq3 was purified by train sublimation. A 100 nm thick Mg:Ag film,4 © 2003 American Institute of

Exhaust-Stack Nozzle Area and Shape for Individual Cylinder Exhaust-Gas Jet-Propulsion System

DTIC Science & Technology

1943-01-01

ty and con- siderable loss in the availabfity of the energy occurs because of acoustic shock and because the kinetic energy is trans- formed into heat ...plate in the air-intake duct. A tank was installed between the engine and the oriiice plata to damp out pulsations . The fuel flow was measured by a...with a length of flexible tubing. A tap for measuring static pres- sure was locxded in the tank. Tank pressures were main- tained by operation of an

Experimental Verification and Revision of the Venting Rate Model of the Hazard Assessment Computer System and the Vulnerability Model.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-11-01

discharge of a nonvolatile liquid can be ob- tained by standard Bernoulli -type relations; it is: WLo = CDA LoPL (2[PT - P-/PL + - ZLh) 1/ (1110) In all...cargo outflow momentum is low (i.e., when the net positive pressure differ- ence across the puncture is near zero). The tests showed that the water...34Benedict-Webb- Rubin Ecuation of State for Methane at Cryogenic Condi- tions," Advances -in Crvccenic ’Encineerinc., 14, po. 49-54, Plen=m Press, 1969

East Europe Report, Economic and Industrial Affairs

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-14

there are still places in the fields not adequately treated. Neither can one ignore the effect of contaminating the environment. In order to rectify... underwear , and a small quantity of women’s lingerie. About 30 percent of our production is subject to contract prices. We verify these once a year...34Polish Klondike": A Test of Ore and ... Character"] pText] In the fired interior of the furnace stands a ceramic crucible con- taining 100 kg of melted

Density functional Theory Based Generalized Effective Fragment Potential Method (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-01

is acceptable for other applications) leads to induced dipole moments within 10−6 to 10−7 au of the precise values . Thus, the applied field of 10−4...noncovalent interactions. The water-benzene clusters17 and WATER2711 reference values were also ob- tained at the CCSD(T)/CBS level, except for the clusters...with n = 20,42 where MP2/CBS was used. The n-alkane dimers18 benchmark values were CCSD(T)/CBS for ethane to butane and a linear extrapolation method

JPRS Report, Near East & South Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-01

sensitive positions in scientific Elections fields, which has enabled them to examine secrets per- 91AE0336A Amman JORDAN TIMES in English taining to...undertaking major Arab development projects, which establish the pillars of an Arab economic 91AE0338C Tel Aviv MA ’ARIV in Hebrew 8 Mar 91...stability of the Middle East. Toward this goal, it is 91AEO329D TelAviv ’ALHAMISHMAR in Hebrew reasonable that it have an interest in a pact with demo- 8

A study on venom proteins of Iurus dufoureius asiaticus Birula, 1903 (Scorpiones: Iuridae).

PubMed

Keskin, Nurşen Alpagut; Koç, Halil

2006-01-01

The scorpion Iurus dufoureius asiaticus (Birula 1903) which is the largest scorpion in Europe and Turkey belongs to the family Iuridae and is endemic in Turkey. No data has been found about the venom components of I. d. asiaticus. In this study, the venom extract ob-tained from I. d. asiaticus specimens collected from Aydin were analyzed using the Tris tricine SDS-PAGE method. A total of 28 protein fractions or fraction groups were detected in the range of 6.5-205 kDa.

The Fatigue Characteristics of Bolted Lap Joints of 24S-T Alclad Sheet Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1946-10-01

extremely close bolt fits are needed to o%tain maximum life of bolt ~oint~ under repeated etreseeci. -. Szvzral ty~+?+s of bolt patterns hava been tegted...Memorial Institute on spec~meris of 0.102-i.nch sheet. In particular, figure 4 shows, on a load- life diagram, . results of tests Qn single-bolt...results of tests at the Univer- sity of’ il~~nols on single—bolt specimens, Tables 10 and 11 give reeults of tests, made at the U“ uiversity of Illino~8 , on

Applied Sciences Department (R&D) Patents; a Compilation

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-28

References Cited the first ampoule so that the two ampoules can he bro- UNITED STATES PATENTS ken simultaneously, and, upon mixing of the chemilu...Che-V222/541 miluminescent material and the other ampoule con-.tains an activator material. The almpoules can be bro-(561 References Cited ken by...Eaminer.-Robe" F. Stshl Aimmweys- Edgar J. broere. Ii. H Loach . and Paul S. isat `PYROTECHNCIGNALING ID E 1cER IT4 COMtPiOm WA!Eft EACTII’tIGN11M 4

Serum Zinc, Iron, and Copper Concentrations during Typhoid Fever in Man: Effect of Chloramphenicol Therapy

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-11-12

automated colori- exposure. In those volunteers who became clinically metric technique (13, 14). ill and were hospitalized, blood samples were ob- Monkey ...study. Two adult female rhesus monkeys tained for an additional seven days. were inoculated intravenously with 1 x 1010 viable S. Serum zinc, iron, and...on Serum Transferrin and am0 at-Macroglebullfl Concentrations zoo D a ft T r peora laa r mr U ea n b Uoac t o o Control 283 * 7 ml339 :L 13 10 di 120

Intelligent Multi-Media Integrated Interface Project

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

RADC (COES) Griffiss AFB NY 13441-5700. This will assist us in main- taining a current mailing list. Do not return copies of this report unless...contractual obligations or notices on a specific document require that it be returned. INTELLIGENT MULTI-MEDIA INTEGRATED INTERFACE PROJECT J. G. Neal J. M...lure ag. A = W qMN 1. AGENCY USE ONLY AM BW 2. REPORT DATE R,,PE AND DATES COYERED June 1990 Final Oct 87 to Oct 89 4. TTLE AND SUIlllLE S. FUNDING

Prediction of Backscatter and Emissivity of Snow at Millimeter Wavelengths.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page C-I General Area Map 204 C-2 Location of Alpena National Weather 205 Service Station C-3 Photographs of Site E 206 C-4...February 5, 6, 7, 1979 were ob- tained from National Weather Service, Alpena Station and included in Tables C-9 through C-12. Figure C-2 shows the...relative position * 1 of the sites and the Alpena National Weather Service Station. 203 I 0 1 s LAKE HURON ROGERS CITY 20 0 5 10 MILES 0 C HEBOYGAN NORTH

In the Era of Limits: A Galveston District History Update, 1976-1986

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-01

Sierra Club vs. Marsh. 34Maass, Muddy Waters, p. 23; Thomas M. Clement, Jr., Glenn Lopez, and Pamela T. Mountain , "Engineering a Victory for Our...great land, I’m sure. It’s got ever-thin’ a man might want-free land, free cattle, beautiful rivers, and mountains too, I hear, in the west. But...meteorologist compared it to "a gorilla with a machine gun. It goes where it wants to.൨ As sus- tained winds increased to 7 4 miles per hour, the

AFRRI Reports, First Quarter 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-05-01

Oncology, Southern Califbrnia Sonw oifI these dlifferenles a rt: t hat, !or these Ia te Cancer Research Labo~ratory, U1Tniversity of’Southern Calilor- (fetp...acid WXR- 1065, lot BK 71 365 vas ob~taine’d fro nt I ndependently, the protective efh(’cts tof ’AR-151326 the )i~vision of’ Cancer Treatmniit...ion nttr one drn ativ kithbi . Cancer Rewarrauh. 45, 5-3 79-538 1. References ti’.~PRATNOr C~., 198.51h. ’’llre radii rotiriie~t’ r XVRI 065 Reeecsred

VACUUM TRAP

DOEpatents

Gordon, H.S.

1959-09-15

An improved adsorption vacuum trap for use in vacuum systems was designed. The distinguishing feature is the placement of a plurality of torsionally deformed metallic fins within a vacuum jacket extending from the walls to the central axis so that substantially all gas molecules pass through the jacket will impinge upon the fin surfaces. T fins are heated by direct metallic conduction, thereby ol taining a uniform temperature at the adeorbing surfaces so that essentially all of the condensible impurities from the evacuating gas are removed from the vacuum system.

Comparative Analysis of Active and Passive Mapping Techniques in an Internet-Based Local Area Network

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

PIII/500 (K) 512 A11 3C905 Honeynet PIII/1000 (C) 512 A11 3C905 Generator PIII/800 (C) 256 A11 3C905 Each system is running Debian GNU / Linux “unstable...Network,” September 2000. http://www.issues.af.mil/notams/notam00-5.html; accessed January 16, 2004. 5. “Debian GNU / Linux 3.0 Released,” Debian News...interact with those servers. 1.5 Summary The remainder of this document is organized into four chapters. Chapter 2 con - tains the literature review where

Dielectric Performance of High Permitivity Nanocomposites: Impact of Polystyrene Grafting on BaTiO3 and TiO2

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-22

group of polymer grafted, hairy nanopar- ticles (HNPs) that feature high εr and refractive index core plus a polymer corona with tunable structure.15–17...Supporting Information, Fig. S6. Discharge efficiency was comparable for 3% v/v PS@BaTiO3 + PS and 4% v/v PS + BaTiO3 and main- tain a value of >85% for...BaTiO3 traditional blend films displayed a marked reduction in break- down strength, decreasing from 139 V/μm at 3% v/v down to Figure 6 Energy discharge

An Expert System Framework for Adaptive Evidential Reasoning: Application to In-Flight Route Re-Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-21

i t a t i v e frameworks (e.g., Doyle, Toulmin , P . Cohen), and e f f o r t s t o syn thes i ze l o g i c and p r o b a b i l i t y (Nilsson...logic allows for provisional acceptance of uncer- tain premises, which may later be retracted when they lead to contradictory conclusions. Toulmin (1958...A1 researchers] have accepted without hesitation as impeccable." * The basic framework of an argument, according to Toulmin , is as follows ( Toulmin

Bis(μ2-iso-propyl-imido-κ(2) N:N)bis-[(η(5)-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)(ethenolato-κO)titanium(IV)].

PubMed

Haehnel, Martin; Spannenberg, Anke; Rosenthal, Uwe

2014-01-01

The title dinuclear half-sandwich complex, [CpTi(OCH=CH2)(μ2-N-iPr)]2 (Cp = cyclo-penta-dien-yl; iPr = isopropyl), was ob-tained from the reaction of Cp2TiCl2, n-butyl-lithium and iso-propyl-amine in tetra-hydro-furan. Each Ti(IV) atom is coordinated by one Cp ligand, one vin-yloxy unit and two bridging imido groups in a strongly distorted tetra-hedral geometry. There are two half mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit, such that whole mol-ecules being generated by inversion symmetry.

Fighting the Russians in Winter: Three Case Studies (Leavenworth Papers, Number 5)

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-01

e z s aya elve les rther e e nth ey led ro eir ilroad itions l l- e i lery, inly 75- s ned ite ssians. ey centrated l e ops ey ld e rom...ines een aya e ad itions, ter e rning ree ttalions e oscow iment lanked e lies e rth e pted ture o - s ro e . ieutenant kovsky, e ite...cal e ents s practical, tain itional ts e paign rthern ssia a rant tention r eir nical s. t aya llied t oops lived i erted ilroad cars. he i pro

High Frequency Aircraft Antennas

DTIC Science & Technology

1968-05-03

is ob- tained if the current on the loop is assunned to be a superposition of two oppositely directed uniform traveling -wave currents of equal...effect will be to slow down the traveling wave currents on the loop and thus make the loop appear larger in size. Equations (6), (7), and (IÜ...18C/NDT + 1 NTRAN3=ü L»0 CALL LINSEG<NWIRE.L»X.Y.Z.5I . SALP ,CAB.SAB) N = L NN=N+1 WR|TE(6«11) IF(N-100) 4 1,41.500 41 CONTINUE Jl = l J2

The Organization of the Suprachiasmatic Circadian Pacemaker of the Rat and Its Regulation by Neurotransmitters and Modulators

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-02

This clock, located in the brain’s suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), can be removed in a slice of hypothalamus, main- tained in a. lite support system...slice of hypothalamus, main- 10> tamned in a lite support system for up to 3 days and studied directly. Using this approach, W.. progress in the 3 112...Wmtz .I’’’f’: A.. wklfIfif cm N.. ffttf:T _ ’I.. ’Af.f-:\\f’:f/. IL & Vrf -:fKE It (IMS31 tff’fa/ifft ’if1\\ lhi/ll ff10 1’’ ) imfii/f’/ftfif/f f/f/ill/i!i

Bis(μ2-iso­propyl­imido-κ2 N:N)bis­[(η5-cyclo­penta­dien­yl)(ethenolato-κO)titanium(IV)

PubMed Central

Haehnel, Martin; Spannenberg, Anke; Rosenthal, Uwe

2014-01-01

The title dinuclear half-sandwich complex, [CpTi(OCH=CH2)(μ2-N-iPr)]2 (Cp = cyclo­penta­dien­yl; iPr = isopropyl), was ob­tained from the reaction of Cp2TiCl2, n-butyl­lithium and iso­propyl­amine in tetra­hydro­furan. Each TiIV atom is coordinated by one Cp ligand, one vin­yloxy unit and two bridging imido groups in a strongly distorted tetra­hedral geometry. There are two half mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, such that whole mol­ecules being generated by inversion symmetry. PMID:24526944

Fungus Resistance of Plastics

DTIC Science & Technology

1951-05-18

Penicillium luteum Triehoderma T’-^l American Type Culture f’elleet-lon.Wo-«- ._ .. 9642 9643 9644 9545 20.0 gm 10 6-0 gm o n W O V 0 = 5 g«5 0V3...the spores« The resulting Repä¥äter"’süspensinn-s were mix-ed: - to oh tain a composite sp ^ suspension for use in inoculating the test specimens...EH O Ö . v o HO Ö © CO £=i - fc> PH P-* -- ©• ra « a ^ Ö 03 CO t CH E* CO 8 o ÜJ OS bU SP * ti i«r HH - -r-i fe CM i

The betainic form of (imidazol-2-yl)phenylphosphinic acid hydrate

PubMed Central

Kunz, Peter C.; Frank, Walter

2010-01-01

Single crystals of the title compound, (imidazolium-2-yl)phenyl­phosphinate monohydrate, C9H9N2O2·H2O, were ob­tained from methanol/water after deprotection and oxidation of bis­(1-diethoxy­methyl­imidazol-2-yl)phenyl­phosphane. In the structure, several N–H⋯O and P—O⋯H–O hydrogen bonds are found. π–π inter­actions between the protonated imidazolyl rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.977 (2) Å] help to establish the crystal packing. The hydrate water mol­ecule builds hydrogen bridges to three mol­ecules of the phosphinic acid by the O and both H atoms. PMID:21579513

RATIONAL DETERMINATION METHOD OF PROBABLE FREEZING INDEX FOR n-YEARS CONSIDERING THE REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawabata, Shinichiro; Hayashi, Keiji; Kameyama, Shuichi

This paper investigates a method for ob taining the probable freezing index for n -years from past frostaction damage and meteorological data. From investigati on of Japanese cold winter data from the areas of Hokkaido, Tohoku and south of Tohoku, it was found that the extent of cold winter had regularity by location south or north. Also, after obtaining return periods of cold winters by area, obvious regional characteristics were found. Mild winters are rare in Hokkaido. However, it was clarified that when Hokkaido had cold winters, its size increased. It wa s effective to determine the probable freezing indices as 20-, 15- and 10-year return periods for Hokkaido, Tohoku and south of Tohoku, respectively.

Unravelling the structural control of mississippi valley-type deposits and prospects in carbonate sequences of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pana, D.

2006-01-01

Re-examination of selected MVT outcrops and cores in the Interior Plains and Rocky Moun-tains of Alberta, corroborated with previous paragenetic, isotopic and structural data, suggests Laramide structural channelling of dolomitizing and mineralizing fluids into strained carbonate rocks. At Pine Point, extensional faults underlying the trends of MVT ore bodies and brittle faults overprinting the Great Slave Lake Shear Zone define apinnate fault geometry and appear to be kinematically linked. Chemical and isotopic characteristics of MVT parental fluids are consistent with seawater and brine convection within fault-confined verticalaquifers, strong water-basement rock interaction, metalleaching from the basement, and focused release of hydrothermal fluids within linear zones of strained carbonate caprocks. Zones of recurrent strain in the basement and a cap of carbonate strata constitute the critical criteria for MVTexploration target selection in the WCSB.

[Disease, experiment and psychology in mid-19th century France].

PubMed

Babini, Valeria P

2002-01-01

This article offers a contribution to the thesis that considers H. Taine and Th. Ribot the theorists of the "pathological method" in psychology, and thus the forefathers of French experimental psychology. At the same time it points out that the idea of equivalence between observation of the pathological and experimentation could already be found in th psychological medicine of the 1840s. The author examines the early years of the Annals médico-psychologiques (1843-1844), the constitution of the Société médico-psychologique (1852), and the work of J. Moreau de Tours (1843) on hashish and mental alienation, with the intention of demonstrating that in the 1850s French psychiatry was actively engaged in the debate on the Science des rapports du physique et du moral, and that consequently the organicistic paradigm, proclaimed in those years in Germany, had not yet spread to France.

Biological science in the Great Basin

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2005-01-01

The Great Basin is an expanse of desert and high moun-tains situated between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada of the western United States. The most explicit description of the Great Basin is that area in the West where surface waters drain inland. In other words, the Great Basin is comprised of many separate drainage areas - each with no outlet. What at first glance may appear as only a barren landscape, the Great Basin upon closer inspection reveals island mountains, sagebrush seas, and intermittent aquatic habitats, all teeming with an incredible number and variety of plants and animals. Biologists at the USGS are studying many different species and ecosystems in the Great Basin in order to provide information about this landscape for policy and land-management decision-making. The following stories represent a few of the many projects the USGS is conducting in the Great Basin.

[Psychophysical parallelism. On a discursive figure in the field of scientific changes in the late 19th century].

PubMed

Wegener, Mai

2009-01-01

The article traces the rise and fall of "psychophysical parallelism" - which was the most advanced scientific formulation of the mind / body relationship in the second half of the 19th century - through an interdisciplinary and broad geographical spectrum. It sheds light on the extremely different positions that rallied round this discursive figure, ranging from Fechner, Hering, Mach, Wundt, Bain, Hughlings Jackson, and Taine to Freud and Saussure. The article develops the thesis that the psychophysical parallelism functioned as a 'hot zone' within and a symptom of the changes in the order of sciences at that time. Against that background, the criticism of the psychophysical parallelism which became prominent around 1900 (Stumpf, Busse, Bergson, Mauthner et. al.) indicates the cooling of this 'hot zone' and the establishment of a new order within the scientific disciplines. The article pays particular attention to the position of this figure in contemporaneous language theories. Its basic assumption is that the relationship between the body and the psyche is itself constituted by language.

Numerical Simulation of A Right-moving Storm Over France

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chancibault, K.; Ducrocq, V.; Lafore, J.-Ph.

A three-dimensional non-hydrostatic mesoscale model is used to simulate the right- moving storm produced through storm splitting, on 30 may 1999, over northern France. The initial state is provided by the French 3D-var ARPEGE analysis and the simuation is performed with two interactive nested domains. The aim of this study is to improve our understanding of such storm dynamics. A vor- ticity analysis has been carried out, with emphasis on stretching and tilting terms of the vertical vorticity equation, thanks to the backward trajectories. The baroclinic produc- tion and stretching terms of the horizontal vorticity equation have also been studied to understand the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and a mesoscale thermal line. Finally, the spatial and temporal variation of the Storm Relative Environmental Helicity has been examined. Most of the results compare well with previous results on right-moving storms ob- tained from theoritical or numerical studies from idealized homogeneous base state.

DIODE STEERED MANGETIC-CORE MEMORY

DOEpatents

Melmed, A.S.; Shevlin, R.T.; Laupheimer, R.

1962-09-18

A word-arranged magnetic-core memory is designed for use in a digital computer utilizing the reverse or back current property of the semi-conductor diodes to restore the information in the memory after read-out. In order to ob tain a read-out signal from a magnetic core storage unit, it is necessary to change the states of some of the magnetic cores. In order to retain the information in the memory after read-out it is then necessary to provide a means to return the switched cores to their states before read-out. A rewrite driver passes a pulse back through each row of cores in which some switching has taken place. This pulse combines with the reverse current pulses of diodes for each column in which a core is switched during read-out to cause the particular cores to be switched back into their states prior to read-out. (AEC)

The Development of the CMS Zero Degree Calorimeters to Derive the Centrality of AA Collisions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, Jeffrey Scott

The centrality of РЬРЬ collisions is derived using correlations from the zero degree calorimeter (ZDC) signal and pixel multiplicity at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Experiment using data from the heavy ion run in 2010. The method to derive the centrality takes the two-dimensional correlation between the ZDC and pixels and linearizes it for sorting events. The initial method for deriving the centrality at CMS uses the energy deposit in the HF detector, and it is compared to the centrality derived Ьу the correlations in ZDC and pixel multiplicity. This comparison highlights the similarities between the results of both methodsmore » in central collisions, as expected, and deviations in the results in peripheral collisions. The ZDC signals in peripheral collisions are selected Ьу low pixel multiplicity to oЬtain а ZDC neutron spectrum, which is used to effectively gain match both sides of the ZDC« less

Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms - management guidelines (recommended by the Polish Network of Neuroendocrine Tumours).

PubMed

Starzyńska, Teresa; Londzin-Olesik, Magdalena; Bałdys-Waligórska, Agata; Bednarczuk, Tomasz; Blicharz-Dorniak, Jolanta; Bolanowski, Marek; Boratyn-Nowicka, Agnieszka; Borowska, Małgorzata; Cichocki, Andrzej; Ćwikła, Jarosław B; Deptała, Andrzej; Falconi, Massimo; Foltyn, Wanda; Handkiewicz-Junak, Daria; Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, Alicja; Jarząb, Barbara; Junik, Roman; Kajdaniuk, Dariusz; Kamiński, Grzegorz; Kolasińska-Ćwikła, Agnieszka; Kowalska, Aldona; Król, Robert; Królicki, Leszek; Kunikowska, Jolanta; Kuśnierz, Katarzyna; Lampe, Paweł; Lange, Dariusz; Lewczuk-Myślicka, Anna; Lewiński, Andrzej; Lipiński, Michał; Marek, Bogdan; Nasierowska-Guttmejer, Anna; Nowakowska-Duława, Ewa; Pilch-Kowalczyk, Joanna; Remiszewski, Piotr; Rosiek, Violetta; Ruchała, Marek; Siemińska, Lucyna; Sowa-Staszczak, Anna; Steinhof-Radwańska, Katarzyna; Strzelczyk, Janusz; Sworczak, Krzysztof; Syrenicz, Anhelli; Szawłowski, Andrzej; Szczepkowski, Marek; Wachuła, Ewa; Zajęcki, Wojciech; Zemczak, Anna; Zgliczyński, Wojciech; Kos-Kudła, Beata

2017-01-01

Neuroendocrine neoplasms/tumours (NENs/NETs) of the large intestine are detected increasingly often, especially rectal tumours, which is probably associated with the widespread use of screening colonoscopy. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the thesis that the NENs of the rectum and the NENs of the colon are two different diseases. Rectal NENs are usually small lesions, of low to moderate histological malignancy, associated with good prognosis, and most may be treated endoscopically. NENs of the colon, however, are often aggressive, poorly differentiated, associated with a poor or uncer-tain prognosis, and require surgical treatment. The management guidelines regarding these groups of patients are constantly changing. On the basis of the recent literature data and conclusions reached by the working meeting of the Polish Network of Neuroendocrine Tumours (December 2016), this study completes and updates the data and management guidelines regarding colorectal NENs published in Endokrynologia Polska 2013; 64: 358-368.

Parallel Adjective High-Order CFD Simulations Characterizing SOFIA Cavity Acoustics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barad, Michael F.; Brehm, Christoph; Kiris, Cetin C.; Biswas, Rupak

2016-01-01

This paper presents large-scale MPI-parallel computational uid dynamics simulations for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). SOFIA is an airborne, 2.5-meter infrared telescope mounted in an open cavity in the aft fuselage of a Boeing 747SP. These simulations focus on how the unsteady ow eld inside and over the cavity interferes with the optical path and mounting structure of the telescope. A temporally fourth-order accurate Runge-Kutta, and spatially fth-order accurate WENO- 5Z scheme was used to perform implicit large eddy simulations. An immersed boundary method provides automated gridding for complex geometries and natural coupling to a block-structured Cartesian adaptive mesh re nement framework. Strong scaling studies using NASA's Pleiades supercomputer with up to 32k CPU cores and 4 billion compu- tational cells shows excellent scaling. Dynamic load balancing based on execution time on individual AMR blocks addresses irregular numerical cost associated with blocks con- taining boundaries. Limits to scaling beyond 32k cores are identi ed, and targeted code optimizations are discussed.

Parallel Adaptive High-Order CFD Simulations Characterizing SOFIA Cavitiy Acoustics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barad, Michael F.; Brehm, Christoph; Kiris, Cetin C.; Biswas, Rupak

2015-01-01

This paper presents large-scale MPI-parallel computational uid dynamics simulations for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). SOFIA is an airborne, 2.5-meter infrared telescope mounted in an open cavity in the aft fuselage of a Boeing 747SP. These simulations focus on how the unsteady ow eld inside and over the cavity interferes with the optical path and mounting structure of the telescope. A tempo- rally fourth-order accurate Runge-Kutta, and a spatially fth-order accurate WENO-5Z scheme were used to perform implicit large eddy simulations. An immersed boundary method provides automated gridding for complex geometries and natural coupling to a block-structured Cartesian adaptive mesh re nement framework. Strong scaling studies using NASA's Pleiades supercomputer with up to 32k CPU cores and 4 billion compu- tational cells shows excellent scaling. Dynamic load balancing based on execution time on individual AMR blocks addresses irregular numerical cost associated with blocks con- taining boundaries. Limits to scaling beyond 32k cores are identi ed, and targeted code optimizations are discussed.

DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF ANIMAL MATURITY AND FAT DISTRIBUTION ON THE QUALITY OF IRRADIATED BEEF. Report No. 5 (Progress) for Period: December 6, 1958 to June 5, 1959

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Henrickson, R.L.

1960-10-31

Ground beef and longissimus dorsi steaks from 24-month old animals are being evaluated for irradiation flavor. The fat content of the two lots of ground beef are 6.8 and 31.8%. Samples from animals 6 months old are also being evaluated. The fat content being studied is 6.9 and 27.3%. Taste panel data do not indicate major difference in flavor among steak from different animals of similar breeding. However, there did appear to be some difference in irradiation intensity. Aging the steak before irradiation did not greatly improve the flavor of the irradiated product. Irradiation does however make beef more tender.more » When cystine was irradiated in pure solution, carbonyls were found to be present in greater quantities than in non-irradiated cystine. Ammonia was also found to increase as the concentration was increased. Various cultures of bacteria were isolated from longissimus dorsi steak broiled at 150 tained F and irradiated with 5 x 10/sup 6/ rads of gamma rays. (auth)« less

Preliminary Geological Map of the Fortuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Venus

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ivanov, M. A.; Head, J. W.

2009-01-01

The Fortuna Tessera quadrangle (50-75 N, 0-60 E) is a large region of tessera [1] that includes the major portion of Fortuna and Laima Tesserae [2]. Near the western edge of the map area, Fortuna Tessera is in contact with the highest moun-tain belt on Venus, Maxwell Montes. Deformational belts of Sigrun-Manto Fossae (extensional structures) and Au ra Dorsa (contractional structures) separate the tessera regions. Highly deformed terrains correspond to elevated regions and mildly deformed units are with low-lying areas. The sets of features within the V-2 quadrangle permit us to address the following important questions: (1) the timing and processes of crustal thickening/thinning, (2) the nature and origin of tesserae and deformation belts and their relation to crustal thickening processes, (3) the existence or absence of major evolutionary trends of volcanism and tectonics. The key feature in all of these problems is the regional sequence of events. Here we present description of units that occur in the V-2 quadrangle, their regional correlation chart (Fig. 1), and preliminary geological map of the region (Fig. 2).

Extended fusion yield integral using pathway idea in case of Shock-compressed heated plasma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Dilip; Haubold, Hans

The extended non-resonant thermonuclear reaction rate probability integral obtained in Haubold and Kumar [Haubold, H.J. and Kumar, D.: 2008, Extension of thermonuclear functions through the pathway model including Maxwell-Boltzmann and Tsallis distributions, Astroparticle Physics, 29, 70-76] is used to evaluate the fusion energy by itegrating it over temperature. The closed form representation of the extended reaction rate integral via Meijer's G-function is expressed as a solution of a homogeneous differential equation. A physical model of Guderley[Guderley G. :1942, Starke kugelige und zylindrische Verdichtungsstsse in der Nhe des Kugelmittelpunktes bzw. der Zylinderachse, Luftfahrtforschung, 19, 302] has been considered for the laser driven hydrodynamical process in a compressed fusion plasma and heated strong spherical shock wave. The fusion yield integral obtained in the paper is compared with the standard fusion yield ob-tained by Haubold and John [Haubold, H.J. and John, R.W.:1981, Analytical representation of the thermonuclear reaction rate and fusion energy production in a spherical plasma shock wave, Plasma Physics, 5, 399-411]. The pathway parameter used in this paper is given an interpretation in terms of moments.

Magnetic monitoring in Saguaro National Park

USGS Publications Warehouse

Love, Jeffrey J.; Finn, Carol; Gamez Valdez, Yesenia C.; Swann, Don

2017-06-02

On a sandy, arid plain, near the Rincon Moun­tain Visitor Center of Saguaro National Park, tucked in among brittlebush, creosote, and other hardy desert plants, is an unusual type of observatory—a small unmanned station that is used for monitor­ing the Earth’s variable magnetic field. Named for the nearby city of Tucson, Arizona, the observatory is 1 of 14 that the Geomagnetism Program of the U.S. Geological Survey operates at various locations across the United States and Ter­ritories.Data from USGS magnetic observatories, including the Tucson observatory, as well as observatories operated by institutions in other countries, record a variety of signals related to a wide diversity of physical phenomena in the Earth’s interior and its surrounding outer-space environment. The data are used for geomagnetic mapping and surveying, for fundamental scientific research, and for assessment of magnetic storms, which can be hazardous for the activities and infra­structure of our modern, technologically based society. The U.S. Geological Survey observatory service is an integral part of a U.S. national project for monitoring and assessing space weather hazards.

Crustal and Upper Mantle S-velocity Structure From Receiver Functions Analisys Around Terra Nova Bay Base, Antartica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piana Agostinetti, N.; Amato, A.; Cattaneo, M.; de Gori, P.; di Bona, M.

In the framework of the italian PNRA (Progetto Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide), we have started to re-analize teleseismic waveforms recorded, using three-components seismometers (equipped with 5 seconds sensors, Lennartz 3D-5s), during five summer campaings, from 1993 to 2000. Seismic stations were deployed around Terra Nova Bay (TNB) italian base, from the sea to reach the interior of the Transantartic Moun- tains (TAM), the most striking example of nocontractional mountain belt. During the last campaingn (1999-2000) seismic stations were deployed deep into Northern Vic- toria Land to reach Rennik and Lillie Glaciers Area and George V coast region, the northest part of TAM. Our main goals were: to compute, using frequency-domanin deconvolution method by Di Bona [1998], Receiver Functions covering all the area around TNB italian antartic base; to map of Moho-depth and intercrustal S-waves ve- locity discontinuity from 1-D velocity model computed using Sambridge's inversion scheme [Sambridge,1999]; to analize new teleseimic waveforms recorded near TNB base: continuos recording, from 1999 to present, permits more accurate modelling S-velocity crustal structure in this critical area situated at the edge of the ipothetic rift [Stern and ten Brik, 1989; Stump and Fitzgerald, 1992; ten Brik et al., 1997]; to present final results from BACKTAM expedition.

Polyethylene Films Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Applications in Food Packaging: Characterization of Physico-Chemical and Anti-Microbial Properties.

PubMed

Becaro, Aline A; Puti, Fernanda C; Correa, Daniel S; Paris, Elaine C; Marconcini, José M; Ferreira, Marcos D

2015-03-01

This paper reports the antibacterial effect and physico-chemical characterization of films containing silver nanoparticles for use as food packaging. Two masterbatches (named PEN and PEC) con- taining silver nanoparticles embedded in distinct carriers (silica and titanium dioxide) were mixed with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in different compositions and extruded to produce plain films. These films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology of the films showed the formation of agglomerates of nanoparticles in both PEN and PEC composites. X-ray analyses confirmed the presence of SiO2 in PEN samples and TiO2 in PEC samples. Thermal analyses indicated an increase in thermal stability of the PEC compositions. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined by applying the test strain for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, according to the Japanese Industrial Standard Method (JIS Z 2801:2000). The films analyzed showed antimicrobial properties against the tested microorganisms, presenting better activity against the S. aureus than E. Coli. These findings suggest that LDPE films with silver nanoparticles are promising to provide a significant contribution to the quality and safety of packaged food.

Manifestation of a neuro-fuzzy model to produce landslide susceptibility map using remote sensing data derived parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pradhan, Biswajeet; Lee, Saro; Buchroithner, Manfred

Landslides are the most common natural hazards in Malaysia. Preparation of landslide suscep-tibility maps is important for engineering geologists and geomorphologists. However, due to complex nature of landslides, producing a reliable susceptibility map is not easy. In this study, a new attempt is tried to produce landslide susceptibility map of a part of Cameron Valley of Malaysia. This paper develops an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based on a geographic information system (GIS) environment for landslide susceptibility mapping. To ob-tain the neuro-fuzzy relations for producing the landslide susceptibility map, landslide locations were identified from interpretation of aerial photographs and high resolution satellite images, field surveys and historical inventory reports. Landslide conditioning factors such as slope, plan curvature, distance to drainage lines, soil texture, lithology, and distance to lineament were extracted from topographic, soil, and lineament maps. Landslide susceptible areas were analyzed by the ANFIS model and mapped using the conditioning factors. Furthermore, we applied various membership functions (MFs) and fuzzy relations to produce landslide suscep-tibility maps. The prediction performance of the susceptibility map is checked by considering actual landslides in the study area. Results show that, triangular, trapezoidal, and polynomial MFs were the best individual MFs for modelling landslide susceptibility maps (86

How Pierre Janet used pathological psychology to save the philosophical self.

PubMed

Carroy, J; Plas, R

2000-01-01

According to traditional French historiography, French scientific psychology was born when it differentiated itself from philosophy. This split between the two disciplines is attributed to Taine and Ribot, who, consequently, are considered to be the "founding fathers" of French psychology. In this paper we shall examine the case of Pierre Janet, who, at the turn of the century, was recognized worldwide as the most important French psychologist. It is generally said that he was the follower of Ribot and of Charcot. However, he was also Paul Janet's nephew. Paul Janet was a very well known and influential philosopher of the so-called French "spiritualistic" school, for which psychology was central to philosophy. In 1889, Pierre Janet published his doctoral dissertation, L'Automatisme psychologique, which was immediately considered to be a classic in psychology. We shall argue that this book is as much indebted to the old spiritualistic psychology, which claimed the substantial unity of the self, as to the new psychology at the time, which questioned it. With Pierre Janet, the split between psychology and philosophy in France was reconsidered. It would be more accurate to speak in terms of a compromise between philosophy and the "new" physiological and pathological psychology. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Measurements of Size Resolved Organic Particulate Mass Using An On-line Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (ams) Laboratory Validation; Analysis Tool Development; and Interpretation of Field Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alfarra, M. R.; Coe, H.; Allan, J. D.; Bower, K. N.; Garforth, A. A.; Canagaratna, M.; Worsnop, D.

The aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) is a quantitative instrument designed to deliver real-time size resolved chemical composition of the volatile and semi volatile aerosol fractions. The AMS response to a wide range of organic compounds has been exper- imentally characterized, and has been shown to compare well with standard libraries of 70 eV electron impact ionization mass spectra. These results will be presented. Due to the scanning nature of the quadrupole mass spectrometer, the AMS provides averaged composition of ensemble of particles rather than single particle composi- tion. However, the mass spectra measured by AMS are reproducible and similar to those of standard libraries so analysis tools can be developed on large mass spectral libraries that can provide chemical composition information about the type of organic compounds in the aerosol. One such tool is presented and compared with laboratory measurements of single species and mixed component organic particles by the AMS. We will then discuss the applicability of these tools to interpreting field AMS data ob- tained in a range of experiments at different sites in the UK and Canada. The data will be combined with other measurements to show the behaviour of the organic aerosol fraction in urban and sub-urban environments.

Study of the anticorrelations between ozone and UV-B radiation using linear and exponential fits in Southern Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guarnieri, R.; Padilha, L.; Guarnieri, F.; Echer, E.; Makita, K.; Pinheiro, D.; Schuch, A.; Boeira, L.; Schuch, N.

Ultraviolet radiation type B (UV-B 280-315nm) is well known by its damage to life on Earth, including the possibility of causing skin cancer in humans. However, the atmo- spheric ozone has absorption bands in this spectral radiation, reducing its incidence on Earth's surface. Therefore, the ozone amount is one of the parameters, besides clouds, aerosols, solar zenith angles, altitude, albedo, that determine the UV-B radia- tion intensity reaching the Earth's surface. The total ozone column, in Dobson Units, determined by TOMS spectrometer on board of a NASA satellite, and UV-B radiation measurements obtained by a UV-B radiometer model MS-210W (Eko Instruments) were correlated. The measurements were obtained at the Observatório Espacial do Sul - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (OES/CRSPE/INPE-MCT) coordinates: Lat. 29.44oS, Long. 53.82oW. The correlations were made using UV-B measurements in fixed solar zenith angles and only days with clear sky were selected in a period from July 1999 to December 2001. Moreover, the mathematic behavior of correlation in dif- ferent angles was observed, and correlation coefficients were determined by linear and first order exponential fits. In both fits, high correlation coefficients values were ob- tained, and the difference between linear and exponential fit can be considered small.

Is chronic groin pain a Bermuda triangle of sports medicine?

PubMed

Šebečić, Božidar; Japjec, Mladen; Janković, Saša; Vencel Čuljak; Dojčinović, Bojan; Starešinić, Mario

2014-12-01

Chronic groin pain is one the most complex conditions encountered in the field of sports medicine. Conservative treatment is long lasting and the result of treatment is often uncer- tain and symptom recurrences are common, which can be very frustrating for both the patient and the physician. The complex etiology and uncertainties during treatment of chronic groin pain is the reason why some authors call it the Bermuda Triangle of sports medicine. In our prospective, 7-year study, 114 athletes with chronic groin pain resistant to conservative therapy were treated surgically. In 109 athletes with sports hernia, we performed nerve neurolysis along with resection of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and we also reinforced the posterior wall of inguinal canal using a modified Shouldice technique. In 26 athletes that had concomitant adductor tendinosis and in 5 athletes with isolated tendinosis we performed tenotomy. Eighty-one of 83 patients with isolated sports hernia returned to sports within a mean of 4.4 (range, 3-16) weeks. Thirty-one athletes with adductor tenotomy returned to sports activity within a mean of 11.8 (range, 10-15) weeks. If carefully diagnosed using detailed history taking, physical examination and correct imaging techniques, chronic groin pain can be treated very successfully and quickly, so it need not be a Bermuda Triangle of sports medicine.

Rainfall, streamflow, and water-quality data for five small watersheds, Nashville, Tennessee, 1990-92

USGS Publications Warehouse

Outlaw, George S.; Hoos, Anne B.; Pankey, John T.

1994-01-01

Rainfall, streamflow, and water-quality data were collected furing storm conditions at five urban watersheds in Nashville, Tennessee. These data can be used to build a database for developing predictive models of the relations between storm- water quality and land use, storm characteristics, and seasonal variations. The primary land and mix of land uses was different for each watershed. Stormwater samples were collected during three storms at each watershed and analyzed for selected volatile, acidic and base/neutral organic compounds; organic pesticides; trace metals; conventional pollutants; and several physical properties. Storm loads were computed for all constituents and properties with event mean concentration above the minimum reporting level. None of the samples con- tained acidic organic compounds at concentrations above the minimum reporting levels. Several constituents in each of the other categories, however, were present at concentrations above the minimum reporting level. For 21 of these constituents, water-quality criteria have been pro- mulgated by the State of Tennessee. For only 8 of the 21 did the value exceed the most restrictive of the criteria: pyrene, dieldrin, and mercury concen- trations and counts of fecal coliform exceeded the criteria for recreational use, copper and zinc concentrations and pH value exceeded the criteria for fish and aquatic life, and lead concentrations exceeded the criteria for domestic supply.

Mutation detection for inventories of traffic signs from street-level panoramic images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hazelhoff, Lykele; Creusen, Ivo; De With, Peter H. N.

2014-03-01

Road safety is positively influenced by both adequate placement and optimal visibility of traffic signs. As their visibility degrades over time due to e.g. aging, vandalism, accidents and vegetation coverage, up-to-date inven­tories of traffic signs are highly attractive for preserving a high road safety. These inventories are performed in a semi-automatic fashion from street-level panoramic images, exploiting object detection and classification tech­niques. Next to performing inventories from scratch, these systems are also exploited for the efficient retrieval of situation changes by comparing the outcome of the automated system to a baseline inventory (e.g. performed in a previous year). This allows for specific manual interactions to the found changes, while skipping all unchanged situations, thereby resulting in a large efficiency gain. This work describes such a mutation detection approach, with special attention to re-identifying previously found signs. Preliminary results on a geographical area con­taining about 425 km of road show that 91.3% of the unchanged signs are re-identified, while the amount of found differences equals about 35% of the number of baseline signs. From these differences, about 50% correspond to physically changed traffic signs, next to false detections, misclassifications and missed signs. As a bonus, our approach directly results in the changed situations, which is beneficial for road sign maintenance.

Prior-knowledge Fitting of Accelerated Five-dimensional Echo Planar J-resolved Spectroscopic Imaging: Effect of Nonlinear Reconstruction on Quantitation.

PubMed

Iqbal, Zohaib; Wilson, Neil E; Thomas, M Albert

2017-07-24

1 H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic imaging (SI) is a powerful tool capable of investigating metabolism in vivo from mul- tiple regions. However, SI techniques are time consuming, and are therefore difficult to implement clinically. By applying non-uniform sampling (NUS) and compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction, it is possible to accelerate these scans while re- taining key spectral information. One recently developed method that utilizes this type of acceleration is the five-dimensional echo planar J-resolved spectroscopic imaging (5D EP-JRESI) sequence, which is capable of obtaining two-dimensional (2D) spectra from three spatial dimensions. The prior-knowledge fitting (ProFit) algorithm is typically used to quantify 2D spectra in vivo, however the effects of NUS and CS reconstruction on the quantitation results are unknown. This study utilized a simulated brain phantom to investigate the errors introduced through the acceleration methods. Errors (normalized root mean square error >15%) were found between metabolite concentrations after twelve-fold acceleration for several low concentra- tion (<2 mM) metabolites. The Cramér Rao lower bound% (CRLB%) values, which are typically used for quality control, were not reflective of the increased quantitation error arising from acceleration. Finally, occipital white (OWM) and gray (OGM) human brain matter were quantified in vivo using the 5D EP-JRESI sequence with eight-fold acceleration.

Refined Modeling of Flexural Deformation of Layered Plates with a Regular Structure Made from Nonlinear Hereditary Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yankovskii, A. P.

2018-01-01

On the basis of constitutive equations of the Rabotnov nonlinear hereditary theory of creep, the problem on the rheonomic flexural behavior of layered plates with a regular structure is formu-lated. Equations allowing one to describe, with different degrees of accuracy, the stress-strain state of such plates with account of their weakened resistance to transverse shear were ob-tained. From them, the relations of the nonclassical Reissner- and Reddytype theories can be found. For axially loaded annular plates clamped at one edge and loaded quasistatically on the other edge, a simplified version of the refined theory, whose complexity is comparable to that of the Reissner and Reddy theories, is developed. The flexural strains of such metal-composite annular plates in shortterm and long-term loadings at different levels of heat action are calcu-lated. It is shown that, for plates with a relative thickness of order of 1/10, neither the classical theory, nor the traditional nonclassical Reissner and Reddy theories guarantee reliable results for deflections even with the rough 10% accuracy. The accuracy of these theories decreases at elevated temperatures and with time under long-term loadings of structures. On the basic of relations of the refined theory, it is revealed that, in bending of layered metal-composite heat-sensitive plates under elevated temperatures, marked edge effects arise in the neighborhood of the supported edge, which characterize the shear of these structures in the transverse direction

[The Belgian and French medicine and the "Ordres" facing the "jewish question" during the Second World War].

PubMed

Noterman, J

2014-01-01

The attitude of the medical community and the "Ordres" to the "jewish question" differs in Belgium and France. This difference originates before the Second World War. Xenophobia and antisemitism were stronger in France. In addition, the Belgian capitulation of May 1940 and the armistice of June 22 in France do not represent the same situation. In France, a legal government, under the direction of Marshal Pétain, took a series of xenophobic measures of which the Jews were the first victims. In Belgium, in the absence of any government, the General Secretaries in Ministries were the ones who had to apply the antijewish measures dictated by the German occupant. By law, they could not legislate on the political level. The "Ordre", of French physicians was created in late 1940 by the Vichy government. In Belgium, the "Ordre " had existed since 1938 but had been unable to meet in the absence of implement decrees. An "Ordre bis" was created in late 1941, the legality of which was questioned by many lawyers and physicians. The French "Ordre" was to apply the antijewish measures by taking responsibility for the selection of Jewish physicians entitled to practice. In Belgium, the "Ordre" frowned upon by the physicians, played no official role in this regard. It simply applied the antijewish measures dictated by the Germans without protesting. After the conflict, the leaders of the "Ordres" had a different fate in both countries. In France, they escaped sentences. In Belgium, they were heavily condemned.

Functional characterisation and permeation studies of lyophilised thiolated chitosan xerogels for buccal delivery of insulin.

PubMed

Boateng, Joshua S; Mitchell, John C; Pawar, Harshavardhan; Ayensu, Isaac

2014-01-01

Stable and mucoadhesive, lyophilised, thiolated chitosan xerogels, loaded with insulin for buccal mucosa deliv- ery, in place of the currently used parenteral route have been developed. The xerogels were backed with impervious ethyl- cellulose laminate to ensure unidirectional release and also loaded with enzyme inhibitor to enhance insulin permeability across the buccal mucosa. Characterisation of xerogels using(1) HNMR confirmed the degree of deacetylation of the syn- thesised thiolated chitosan. The amount of thiol groups immobilised on the modified chitosan was quantified by Ellman's reaction and molecular weight monitored by gel permeation chromatography. The stability of the secondary structure of insulin was examined by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and circular dichroism. In vitro and ex vivo permeation studies were undertaken by using EpiOral ™ and sheep buccal membrane respectively. Insu- lin released from thiolated chitosan xerogels, loaded with aprotinin (enzyme inhibitor and permeation enhancer) showed a 1.7-fold increase in permeation through EpiOral ™ buccal tissue construct compared to the pure drug. However, permea- tion was decreased for xerogels containing the enzyme inhibitor glutathione. Further, aprotinin containing xerogels en- hanced insulin permeation through sheep buccal membrane and demonstrated good linear correlation with the permeation data from the EpiOral ™ study. The results show the potential application of lyoph ilised thiolated chitosan xerogels con- taining aprotinin with improved mucoadhesion, penetration enhancing and enzyme inhibition characteristics for buccal mucosa delivery of macromolecules such as insulin.

Wave Tank Studies of Phase Velocities of Short Wind Waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ermakov, S.; Sergievskaya, I.; Shchegolkov, Yu.

Wave tank studies of phase velocities of short wind waves have been carried out using Ka-band radar and an Optical Spectrum Analyser. The phase velocities were retrieved from measured radar and optical Doppler shifts, taking into account measurements of surface drift velocities. The dispersion relationship was studied in centimetre (cm)- and millimetre(mm)-scale wavelength ranges at different fetches and wind speeds, both for a clean water surface and for water covered with surfactant films. It is ob- tained that the phase velocities do not follow the dispersion relation of linear capillary- gravity waves, increasing with fetch and, therefore, depending on phase velocities of dominant decimetre (dm)-centimetre-scale wind waves. One thus can conclude that nonlinear cm-mm-scale harmonics bound to the dominant wind waves and propagat- ing with the phase velocities of the decimetric waves are present in the wind wave spectrum. The resulting phase velocities of short wind waves are determined by re- lation between free and bound waves. The relative intensity of the bound waves in the spectrum of short wind waves is estimated. It is shown that this relation depends strongly on the surfactant concentration, because the damping effect due to films is different for free and bound waves; this results to changes of phase velocities of wind waves in the presence of surfactant films. This work was supported by MOD, UK via DERA Winfrith (Project ISTC 1774P) and by RFBR (Project 02-05-65102).

Identification of Foreign Particles in Human Tissues using Raman Microscopy.

PubMed

Campion, Alan; Smith, Kenneth J; Fedulov, Alexey V; Gregory, David; Fan, Yuwei; Godleski, John J

2018-06-12

The precise identification of foreign particles in tissue for patient care and research has been studied using polarized light microscopy, electron microscopy with X-ray analysis, and electron diffraction. The goal of this study was to unambiguously identify particles in tissues using a combina-tion of polarized light microscopy and Raman microscopy, which provides chemical composition and microstructural characterization of complex materials with submicron spatial resolution. We designed a model system of stained and unstained cells that contained birefringent talc particles, and systematically investigated the influence of slide and coverslip materials, laser wavelengths, and mounting media on the Raman spectra ob-tained. Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides did not produce useful results because of fluorescence interference from the stains. Unstained cell samples prepared with standard slides and coverslips produce high quality Raman spectra when excited at 532 nm; the spectra are uniquely as-signed to talc. We also obtain high quality Raman spectra specific for talc in unstained tissue samples (pleural tissue following talc pleurodesis and ovarian tissue following long-term perineal talc exposure). Raman microscopy is sufficiently sensitive and compositionally selective to identify particles as small as one micron in diameter. Among commonly used coverslip mounting media, Cytoseal 60 is recommended; Permount was unacceptable due to intense background interference. Raman spectra have been catalogued for thousands of substances, which suggests that this approach is likely to be successful in identifying other particles of interest in tissues, potentially making Raman microscopy a powerful new tool in pathology.

Effect of surficial disturbance on exchange between groundwater and surface water in nearshore margins

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rosenberry, Donald O.; Toran, Laura; Nyquist, Jonathan E.

2010-01-01

Low‐permeability sediments situated at or near the sediment‐water interface can influence seepage in nearshore margins, particularly where wave energy or currents are minimal. Seepage meters were used to quantify flow across the sediment‐water interface at two lakes where flow was from surface water to groundwater. Disturbance of the sediment bed substantially increased seepage through the sandy sediments of both lakes. Seepage increased by factors of 2.6 to 7.7 following bed disturbance at seven of eight measurement locations at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, where the sediment representing the greatest restriction to flow was situated at the sediment‐water interface. Although the veneer of low‐permeability sediment was very thin and easily disturbed, accumulation on the bed surface was aided by a physical setting that minimized wind‐generated waves and current. At Lake Belle Taine, Minnesota, where pre‐disturbance downward seepage was smaller than at Mirror Lake, but hydraulic gradients were very large, disturbance of a 20 to 30 cm thick medium sand layer resulted in increases in seepage of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. Exceptionally large seepage rates, some exceeding 25,000 cm/d, were recorded following bed disturbance. Since it is common practice to walk on the bed while installing or making seepage measurements, disruption of natural seepage rates may be a common occurrence in nearshore seepage studies. Disturbance of the bed should be avoided or minimized when utilizing seepage meters in shallow, nearshore settings, particularly where waves or currents are infrequent or minimal.

Geochemistry and migration of contaminants at the Weldon Spring chemical plant site, St. Charles County, Missouri, 1989-91

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schumacher, John G.

1993-01-01

The geochemistry of the shallow aquifer and geochemical controls on the migration of uranium and other constituents from raffinate pits were determined at the Weldon Spring chemical plant site. Surface-water samples from the raffinate pits con- tained large concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, nitrite, lithium, moly- bdenum, strontium, vanadium, and uranium. Analyses of interstitial-water samples from raffinate pit 3 indicated that concentrations of most constituents increased with increasing depth below the water- sediment interface. Nitrate and uranium were not chemically reduced and attenuated within the raffinate pits and can be expected to migrate into the overburden. Laboratory sorption experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of pH value on the sorption of several raffinate constituents by the overburden. No sorption of calcium, sodium, sulfate, nitrate, or lithium was observed. Sorption of molybdenum was dependent on solution pH and sorption of uranium was dependent on solution pH and carbonate concentration. The sorption of uranium and molybdenum was consistent with sorption controlled by oxyhydroxides. The quality of water collected in overburden lysimeters near raffinate pit 4 can be modeled as a mixture of water from raffinate pits 3 and 4, and an uncontaminated com- ponent in a system at equilibrium with ferrihydrite and calcite. Increased constituent concentrations in a perennial spring north of the site were the result of a subsurface connection between the spring and several losing stream segments receiving runoff from the site, in addition to seepage from the raffinate pits.

Optimal Decision-making Model of Integrated Water Resources Management - A Case of Hsinchu Water Resources Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, S. Y.; Ho, C. C.; Chang, L. C.

2017-12-01

The public use water in Hsinchu are mainly supplied from Baoshan Reservoir, Second Baoshan Reservoir, Yongheshan Reservoir and Longen Weir. However, the increasing water demand, caused by development of the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park, results in supply stable water getting more difficult. For stabilize water supply in Hsinchu, the study applies long-term and short-term plans to fulfill the water shortage. Developing an efficient methodology to define a cost-effective action portfolio is an important task. Hence, the study develops a novel decision model, the Stochastic Programming with Recourse Decision Model (SPRDM), to estimate a cost-effective action portfolio. The first-stage of SPRDM determine the long-term action portfolio and the portfolio accompany recourse information (the probability for water shortage event). The second-stage of SPRDM optimize the cost-effective action portfolio in response to the recourse information. In order to consider the uncertainty of reservoir sediment and demand growth, the study set 9 scenarios comprise optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic reservoir sediment and demand growth. The results show the optimal action portfolio consist of FengTain Lake and Panlon Weir, Hsinchu Desalination Plant, Domestic and Industrial Water long-term plans, and Emergency Backup Well, Irrigation Water Transference, Preliminary Water Rationing, Advanced Water Rationing and Water Transport from Other Districts short-term plans. The minimum expected cost of optimal action portfolio is NT$1.1002 billion. The results can be used as a reference for decision making because the results have considered the uncertainty of varied hydrology, reservoir sediment, and water demand growth.

The Effects of Thermal Metamorphism on the Amino Acid Content of the CI-Like Chondrite Y-86029

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burton, A. S.; Grunsfeld, S.; Glavin, D. P.; Dworkin, J. P.

2014-01-01

Carbonaceous chondrites con-tain a diverse suite of amino acids that varies in abundance and structural diversity depending on the degree of aqueous alteration and thermal histo-ry that the parent body experienced [1 - 3]. We recently determined the amino acid contents of several fragments of the Sutter's Mill CM2 chon-drite [4]. In contrast with most other CM2 chon-drites, the Sutter's Mill meteorites showed minimal evidence for the presence of indigenous amino acids. A notable difference between the Sutter's Mill meteorites and other CM2 chondrites are that the Sutter's Mill stones were heated to tempera-tures of 150 - 400 C [4], whereas most other CM2 chondrites do not show evidence for thermal met-amorphism [5]. Because empirical studies have shown that amino acids rapidly degrade in aqueous solutions above 150 C and the presence of miner-als accelerates this degradation [6], a plausible explanation for the lack of amino acids observed in the Sutter's Mill meteorites is that they were destroyed during metamorphic alteration. Fewer CI chondrites have been analyzed for amino acids because only a small number of these meteorites have been recovered. Nevertheless, indigenous amino acids have been reported in the CI chondrites Ivuna and Orgueil [7]. Here we report on the amino acid analysis of the CI-like chondrite, Yamato 86029 (Y-86029; sample size of 110 mg). Just as the Sutter's Mill meteorites were thermally metamporphosed CM2 chondrites, Y-86029 has experienced thermal metamorphism at higher temperatures than Orgueil and Ivuna (normal CI chondrites) experienced, possibly up to 600 C [8].

Site Effects Study In Athens (greece) Using The 7th September 1999 Earthquake Aftershock Sequence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Serpetsidaki, A.; Sokos, E.

On 7 September 1999 at 11:56:50 GMT, an earthquake of Mw=5.9 occurred at Athens capital of Greece. The epicenter was located in the Northwest area of Parnitha Moun- tain at 18km distance from the city centre. This earthquake was one of the most de- structive in Greece during the modern times. The intensity of the earthquake reached IX in the Northwest territories of the city and caused the death of 143 people and seri- ous structural damage in many buildings. On the 13th of September the Seismological Laboratory of Patras University, installed a seismic network of 30 stations in order to observe the evolution of the aftershock sequence. This temporary seismic network remained in the area of Attika for 50 days and recorded a significant part of the af- tershock sequence. In this paper we use the high quality recordings of this network to investigate the influence of the surface geology to the seismic motion, on sites within the epicentral area, which suffered the most during this earthquake. We applied the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio method on noise and on earthquake records and the obtained results exhibit very good agreement. Finally we compare the results with the geological conditions of the study area and the damage distribution. Most of the obtained amplification levels were low with an exemption in the site of Ano Liosia were a significant amount of damage was observed and the results indicate that the earthquake motion was amplified four times. Based on the above we conclude that the damages in the city of Athens were due to source effects rather than site effects.

The essential work of fracture of thermoplastic orthodontic retainer materials.

PubMed

Pascual, Albert L; Beeman, Cynthia S; Hicks, E Preston; Bush, Heather M; Mitchell, Richard J

2010-05-01

To investigate whether oral cleansing agents affect the essential work of fracture (EWF) and plastic work of fracture (PWF) for two types of orthodontic thermoplastic retainer materials. Polyethylene-terephthalate-glycol (PETG; Tru-Tain Splint) and polypropylene/ethylene-propylene rubber (PP-EPR) blend (Essix-C+) sheets were compared. For each material, six sets of 25 sheets were thermoformed into double-edge-notched-tension specimens; subsets of five specimens were formed with internotch distances (L) equal to 6, 8, 10, 12, or 14 mm, respectively. Sets were stored (160 hours, 25 degrees C) in air (DRY), distilled water (DW), Original Listerine (LIS), mint Crest ProHealth (CPH), 3% hydrogen peroxide (HP), or Polident solution (POL). Specimens were fractured in tension at 2.54 mm/min. Areas under load-elongation curves were measured to determine total work of fracture (W(f)). Linear regressions (W(f) vs L [n = 25]) yielded intercepts (EWF) and slopes (PWF). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals were used to evaluate differences in EWF and PWF estimates. PP-EPR blends showed higher EWFs after storage in HP vs storage in DW. PP-EPR blend showed higher EWFs after storage in CPH vs PETG. After HP storage, PP-EPR exhibited lower PWFs than with any other storage conditions. PP-EPR exhibited higher PWFs than PETG after storage in DRY, DW, and LIS. Compared with DW, none of the cleansers decreased the energy to initiate fracture. With one exception, no cleanser decreased the energy to continue plastic fracture extension. In PP-EPR blend, increased resistance to fracture initiation was observed with CPH and HP, yet, surprisingly, HP decreased resistance to plastic fracture growth.

[Coral reefs in the face of ecological threats of XXI century].

PubMed

Tkachenko, K S

2015-01-01

To date, more than a quarter of tropical coral reefs of the World Ocean are believed to be totally de- stroyed. Given the present rates of reefs degradation, this value may be doubled in the nearest 30 years. For the essential part of coastal community, the destruction of coral ecosystems implies the loss of the major food sources, natural protection from storms, and significant (if not the only) revenue from exploi- tation of reefs especially in tourism industry. Finally, the disappearance of low-laying coral islands may threat the local communities by deprivation of living space. Global negative effects include temperature anomalies of sea surface waters and an increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration leading to ocean acidification. Local negative effects are related to in- crease of sedimentation and eutrophication, cyclone and storm passes, coral diseases, chemical pollution, mechanical destruction of corals by humans, anthropogenic depletion of functional groups of fish and invertebrates. An entire set of responses of coral ecosystems to stressful factors on the levels of both separate taxa and ecosystem is discussed. An analysis of published data suggests that with high probability the tropical coral communities will come to collapse stage by the middle of the current century at more than 50% of the area of their biogeographic range, especially in the regions of dense human population. At the most optimistic scenario, complex effect of reviewed negative factors will result in coral ecosystems main- taining in some areas. However, after global transformations, these ecosystems will be dominated by the most resistant taxa, mainly massive and encrusting forms of long-lived species with low growth rates and high competitive ability. Among such taxa, Poritidae demonstrates the highest adaptive capability. At the most pessimistic scenario, scleractinian communities will be replaced by alternative communities of macroalgae and non-calcareous anthozoans.

The western limits of the Seattle fault zone and its interaction with the Olympic Peninsula, Washington

USGS Publications Warehouse

A.P. Lamb,; L.M. Liberty,; Blakely, Richard J.; Pratt, Thomas L.; Sherrod, B.L.; Van Wijk, K.

2012-01-01

We present evidence that the Seattle fault zone of Washington State extends to the west edge of the Puget Lowland and is kinemati-cally linked to active faults that border the Olympic Massif, including the Saddle Moun-tain deformation zone. Newly acquired high-resolution seismic reflection and marine magnetic data suggest that the Seattle fault zone extends west beyond the Seattle Basin to form a >100-km-long active fault zone. We provide evidence for a strain transfer zone, expressed as a broad set of faults and folds connecting the Seattle and Saddle Mountain deformation zones near Hood Canal. This connection provides an explanation for the apparent synchroneity of M7 earthquakes on the two fault systems ~1100 yr ago. We redefi ne the boundary of the Tacoma Basin to include the previously termed Dewatto basin and show that the Tacoma fault, the southern part of which is a backthrust of the Seattle fault zone, links with a previously unidentifi ed fault along the western margin of the Seattle uplift. We model this north-south fault, termed the Dewatto fault, along the western margin of the Seattle uplift as a low-angle thrust that initiated with exhu-mation of the Olympic Massif and today accommodates north-directed motion. The Tacoma and Dewatto faults likely control both the southern and western boundaries of the Seattle uplift. The inferred strain trans-fer zone linking the Seattle fault zone and Saddle Mountain deformation zone defi nes the northern margin of the Tacoma Basin, and the Saddle Mountain deformation zone forms the northwestern boundary of the Tacoma Basin. Our observations and model suggest that the western portions of the Seattle fault zone and Tacoma fault are com-plex, require temporal variations in principal strain directions, and cannot be modeled as a simple thrust and/or backthrust system.

Water Resources Management In The Eastern Himalayan Urban Ecosystem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bomjan, S.

The Himalayan ecosystem is one of the most important and threatened ecosystems on the earth. In this region, the scarcity of water in general, and drinking water in par- ticular is affecting common people and drawing the attention of researchers. Given the present situation and governance, in the near future it is most likely to deteriorate further. With expanding population and urbanization, accelerating human activities, and increasing per capita water consumption, problem of water supply in the moun- tain households will be certainly acute in the coming years. This crisis of decreasing availability of water is not only going to hamper the economic development of the region, but is also likely to threaten the very survival of the already marginalised and deprived people who are also on the brink of poverty and are incapable of coping with such crisis. Sustainable water harvesting and management of water resources offers the best hope for meeting the challenges of the growing water crisis. For this appropriate policy intervention, use of latest technology, application of tools like GIS and information from the satellite imageries, community participation and use of tra- ditional knowledge and traditional water management practices will be essential to overcome the challenge of looming water crisis. Darjiling Himalaya, located in the eastern Himalayas has a fragile environment and it is witnessing serious problems both in quality and quantity of water supply. Weak institutional arrangements, lack of awareness among citizens and a gap in the effective arrangements are huge stumbling blocks. This region is endowed with abundance of water resources and rich ecosystem. Therefore, this calls for an effective and participatory water management system with due attention given to the upgradation and expansion of the existing infrastructure. This paper takes a stock of the existing water resources in the Darjiling Himalaya, especially around the town of Darjiling, discusses

Methodologies For A Physically Based Rockfall Hazard Assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Agliardi, F.; Crosta, G. B.; Guzzetti, F.; Marian, M.

"hazard index". Different hazard maps have been ob- tained combining and classifying variables in different ways. The performance of the different hazard maps has been evaluated on the basis of past rockfall events and com- pared to the results of existing methodologies. The sensitivity of the hazard index with respect to the included variables and their combinations is discussed in order to constrain as objective as possible assessment criteria.

Results from the PharmaSat Nanosatellite Mission: Dose Dependence of Growth and Metabolic Parameters for S. cerevisiae Grown in Microgravity and Challenged by Voriconazole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ricco, Antonio; Parra, Macarena; Niesel, David; Ly, Diana; Kudlicki, Andrzej; McGinnis, Michael; Hines, John

We report cellular growth and metabolic activity results for Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown aboard PharmaSat, a 5.0-kg autonomous, self-contained biological nanosatellite launched as a secondary payload in May of 2009 and presently in Earth orbit at 450 km. The response of S. cerevisiae to three dose levels bracketing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antifungal voriconazole was monitored in microgravity using 3-color absorbance to measure metabolic activity and turbidity (cell number), which were characterized chiefly by two param-eters: (1) the doubling time and (2) the time delay before the onset of rapid growth. Growth was conducted in forty-eight 100-L microwells containing the yeast—one fluidically separate bank of 12 wells for each voriconazole concentration, plus a control bank. Yeast were main-tained in stasis until the satellite had been deployed, the orbit stabilized, the communications links established, and the growth temperature of 27 ° C stabilized. To re-initiate yeast growth, RPMI growth medium was added. The S. cerevisiae were grown for approximately 12 hr, at which time they were challenged with varying concentrations (0, 0.25xMIC, MIC, 4xMIC) of voriconazole; the optical density and the color change of the redox-based viability indicator alamar blue were recorded as growth proceeded for an additional 84 hr. Results telemetered to the ground reveal a 33 percent longer lag time in microgravity and 60 percent longer dou-bling time than identical ground control experiments. Lag and doubling times are essentially unaffected by voriconazole at 0.125 g/mL in either environment; they lengthen similarly at 0.5 g/mL, voriconazole's MIC. At four times MIC, ground controls show no significant growth nor metabolic activity as tracked by alamar blue; in space, while there was also no measurable cellu-lar growth, remarkably, metabolic activity was clearly present (n = 12 wells). Explanations for the differences in metabolic activity and

Ion-ion Recombination and Chemiion Concentrations In Aircraft Exhaust

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turco, R. P.; Yu, F.

Jet aircraft emit large quantities of ultrafine volatile aerosols, as well as soot parti- cles, into the environment. To determine the long-term effects of these emissions, a better understanding of the mechanisms that control particle formation and evolution is needed, including the number and size dispersion. A recent explanation for aerosol nucleation in a jet wake involves the condensation of sulfuric acid vapor, and cer- tain organic compounds, onto charged molecular clusters (chemiions) generated in the engine combustors (Yu and Turco, 1997). Massive charged aggregates, along with sulfuric acid and organic precursor vapors, have been detected in jet plumes under cruise conditions. In developing the chemiion nucleation theory, Yu and Turco noted that ion-ion recombination in the engine train and jet core should limit the chemiion emission index to 1017/kg-fuel. This value is consistent with ion-ion recombination coefficients of 1×10-7 cm3/s over time scales of 10-2 s. However, the evolution of the ions through the engine has not been adequately studied. The conditions at the combustor exit are extreme-temperatures approach 1500 K, and pressures can reach 30 atmospheres. In this presentation, we show that as the combustion gases expand and cool, two- and three-body ion-ion recombination processes control the chemiion concentration. The concepts of mutual neutralization and Thomson recombination are first summarized, and appropriate temperature and pressure dependent recombination rate coefficients are derived for the aircraft problem. A model for ion losses in jet exhaust is then formulated using an "invariance" principle discussed by Turco and Yu (1997) in the context of a coagulating aerosol in an expanding plume. This recombina- tion model is applied to estimate chemiion emission indices for a range of operational engine conditions. The predicted ion emission rates are found to be consistent with observations. We discuss the sources of variance in chemiion

The MELISSA food data base: space food preparation and process optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Creuly, Catherine; Poughon, Laurent; Pons, A.; Farges, Berangere; Dussap, Claude-Gilles

Life Support Systems have to deal with air, water and food requirement for a crew, waste management and also to the crew's habitability and safety constraints. Food can be provided from stocks (open loops) or produced during the space flight or on an extraterrestrial base (what implies usually a closed loop system). Finally it is admitted that only biological processes can fulfil the food requirement of life support system. Today, only a strictly vegetarian source range is considered, and this is limited to a very small number of crops compared to the variety available on Earth. Despite these constraints, a successful diet should have enough variety in terms of ingredients and recipes and sufficiently high acceptability in terms of acceptance ratings for individual dishes to remain interesting and palatable over a several months period and an adequate level of nutrients commensurate with the space nutritional requirements. In addition to the nutritional aspects, others parameters have to be considered for the pertinent selection of the dishes as energy consumption (for food production and transformation), quantity of generated waste, preparation time, food processes. This work concerns a global approach called MELISSA Food Database to facilitate the cre-ation and the management of these menus associated to the nutritional, mass, energy and time constraints. The MELISSA Food Database is composed of a database (MySQL based) con-taining multiple information among others crew composition, menu, dishes, recipes, plant and nutritional data and of a web interface (PHP based) to interactively access the database and manage its content. In its current version a crew is defined and a 10 days menu scenario can be created using dishes that could be cooked from a set of limited fresh plant assumed to be produced in the life support system. The nutritional covering, waste produced, mass, time and energy requirements are calculated allowing evaluation of the menu scenario and its

Toward An Unstructured Mesh Database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rezaei Mahdiraji, Alireza; Baumann, Peter Peter

2014-05-01

Unstructured meshes are used in several application domains such as earth sciences (e.g., seismology), medicine, oceanography, cli- mate modeling, GIS as approximate representations of physical objects. Meshes subdivide a domain into smaller geometric elements (called cells) which are glued together by incidence relationships. The subdivision of a domain allows computational manipulation of complicated physical structures. For instance, seismologists model earthquakes using elastic wave propagation solvers on hexahedral meshes. The hexahedral con- tains several hundred millions of grid points and millions of hexahedral cells. Each vertex node in the hexahedrals stores a multitude of data fields. To run simulation on such meshes, one needs to iterate over all the cells, iterate over incident cells to a given cell, retrieve coordinates of cells, assign data values to cells, etc. Although meshes are used in many application domains, to the best of our knowledge there is no database vendor that support unstructured mesh features. Currently, the main tool for querying and manipulating unstructured meshes are mesh libraries, e.g., CGAL and GRAL. Mesh li- braries are dedicated libraries which includes mesh algorithms and can be run on mesh representations. The libraries do not scale with dataset size, do not have declarative query language, and need deep C++ knowledge for query implementations. Furthermore, due to high coupling between the implementations and input file structure, the implementations are less reusable and costly to maintain. A dedicated mesh database offers the following advantages: 1) declarative querying, 2) ease of maintenance, 3) hiding mesh storage structure from applications, and 4) transparent query optimization. To design a mesh database, the first challenge is to define a suitable generic data model for unstructured meshes. We proposed ImG-Complexes data model as a generic topological mesh data model which extends incidence graph model to multi

Lithium-Ion Electrolytes Containing Phosphorous-Based, Flame-Retardant Additives

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smart, Marshall C.; Smith, Kiah A.; Bugga, Ratnakumar V.; Prakash, G. K. Surya

2010-01-01

Future NASA missions aimed at exploring Mars, the Moon, and the outer planets require rechargeable batteries that can operate over a wide temperature range (-60 to +60 C) to satisfy the requirements of various applications. In addition, many of these applications will require improved safety, due to their use by humans. Currently, the state-of-the-art lithium-ion (Li-ion) system has been demonstrated to operate over a wide range of temperatures (-40 to +40 C); however, abuse conditions can often lead to cell rupture and fire. The nature of the electrolyte can greatly affect the propensity of the cell/battery to catch fire, given the flammability of the organic solvents used within. Li-ion electrolytes have been developed that contain a flame-retardant additive in conjunction with fluorinated co-solvents to provide a safe system with a wide operating temperature range. Previous work incorporated fluorinated esters into multi-component electrolyte formulations, which were demonstrated to cover a temperature range from 60 to +60 C. This work was described in Fluoroester Co-Solvents for Low-Temperature Li+ Cells (NPO-44626), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 33, No. 9 (September 2009), p. 37; and Optimized Li-Ion Electrolytes Con tain ing Fluorinated Ester Co-Solvents (NPO-45824), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 34, No. 3 (March 2010), p. 48. Other previous work improved the safety characteristics of the electrolytes by adding flame-retardant additives such as triphenyl phosphate (TPhPh), tri-butyl phosphate (TBuPh), triethyl phosphate (TEtPh), and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) methyl phosphonate (TFMPo). The current work involves further investigation of other types of flame-retardant additives, including tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate, tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite, triphenylphosphite, diethyl ethylphosphonate, and diethyl phenylphosphonate added to an electrolyte composition intended for wide operating temperatures. In general, many of the formulations investigated in this

Geologic framework, hydrostratigraphy, and ichnology of the Blanco, Payton, and Rough Hollow 7.5-minute quadrangles, Blanco, Comal, Hays, and Kendall Counties, Texas

USGS Publications Warehouse

Clark, Allan K.; Golab, James A.; Morris, Robert E.

2016-09-13

This report presents the geologic framework, hydro­stratigraphy, and ichnology of the Trinity and Edwards Groups in the Blanco, Payton, and Rough Hollow 7.5-minute quad­rangles in Blanco, Comal, Hays, and Kendall Counties, Texas. Rocks exposed in the study area are of the Lower Cretaceous Trinity Group and lower part of the Fort Terrett Formation of the Lower Cretaceous Edwards Group. The mapped units in the study area are the Hammett Shale, Cow Creek Limestone, Hensell Sand, and Glen Rose Limestone of the Trinity Group and the lower portion of the Fort Terrett Formation of the Edwards Group. The Glen Rose Limestone is composed of the Lower and Upper Members. These Trinity Group rocks con­tain the upper and middle Trinity aquifers. The only remaining outcrops of the Edwards Group are the basal nodular member of the Fort Terrett Formation, which caps several hills in the northern portion of the study area. These rocks were deposited in an open marine to supratidal flats environment. The faulting and fracturing in the study area are part of the Balcones fault zone, an extensional system of faults that generally trends southwest to northeast in south-central Texas.The hydrostratigraphic units of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers were mapped and described using a classification system based on fabric-selective or not-fabric-selective poros­ity types. The only hydrostratigraphic unit of the Edwards aquifer present in the study area is hydrostratigraphic unit VIII. The mapped hydrostratigraphic units of the upper Trinity aquifer are (from top to bottom) the Camp Bullis, upper evaporite, fossiliferous, and lower evaporite which are interval equivalent to the Upper Member of the Glen Rose Limestone. The middle Trinity aquifer encompasses (from top to bottom) the Lower Member of the Glen Rose Limestone, the Hensell Sand Member, and the Cow Creek Limestone Member of the Pearsall Formation. The Lower Member of the Glen Rose Limestone is subdivided into six informal hydro

Hydrological Dynamics In High Mountain Catchment Areas of Central Norway

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Löffler, J.; Rössler, O.

Large-scaled landscape structure is regarded as a mosaic of ecotopes where pro- cess dynamics of water and energy fluxes are analysed due to its effects on ecosys- tem functioning. The investigations have been carried out in the continental most Vågå/Oppland high mountains in central Norway since 1994 (LÖFFLER WUN- DRAM 1999, 2000, 2001). Additionally, comparable investigations started in 2000 dealing with the oceanic high mountain landscapes on same latitudes (LÖFFLER et al. 2001). The theoretical and methodological framework of the project is given by the Landscape-Ecological Complex Analysis (MOSIMANN 1984, 1985) and its variations due to technical and principle methodical challenges in this high moun- tain landscape (KÖHLER et al. 1994, LÖFFLER 1998). The aim of the project is to characterize high mountain ecosystem structure, functioning and dynamics within small catchment areas, that are chosen in two different altitudinal belts each in the eastern continental and the western oceanic region of central Norway. In the frame of this research project hydrological and meteorological measurements on ground water, percolation and soil moisture dynamics as well as on evaporation, air humidity and air-, surface- and soil-temperatures have been conducted. On the basis of large-scaled landscape-ecological mappings (LÖFFLER 1997) one basic meteorological station and several major data logger run stations have been installed in representative sites of each two catchment areas in the low and mid alpine belts of the investigation re- gions (JUNG et al. 1997, LÖFFLER WUNDRAM 1997). Moreover, spatial differ- entiations of groundwater level, soil moisture and temperature profiles have been in- vestigated by means of hand held measurements at different times of the day, during different climatic situations and different seasons. Daily and annual air-, surface- and soil-temperature dynamics are demonstrated by means of thermoisopleth-diagrams for different types of

Extreme variation of sulfur isotopic compositions in pyrite from the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit, West Qinling orogen, central China: An in situ SIMS study with implications for the source of sulfur

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chen, Lei; Li, Xian-hua; Li, Jian-wei; Hofstra, Albert H.; Liu, Yu; Koenig, Alan E.

2015-01-01

High spatial resolution textural (scanning electron microscope (SEM)), chemical (electron microprobe (EMP)) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spec- trometry (LA-ICP-MS)), and sulfur isotopic (secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)) analyses of pyrite from the Qiuling sediment-hosted gold deposit (232±4 Ma) in the West Qinling orogen, central China were conducted to distinguish pyrite types and gain insights into the source and evolution of sulfur in hydrothermal fluids. The results reveal an enormous variation (−27.1 to +69.6‰) in sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite deposited during three paragenetic stages. Pre-ore framboidal pyrite, which is characterized by low concentra- tions of As, Au, Cu, Co, and Ni, has negative δ34S values of −27.1 to −7.6‰ that are interpreted in terms of bacterial re- duction of marine sulfate during sedimentation and diagenesis of the Paleozoic carbonate and clastic sequences, the predom- inant lithologies in the deposit area, and the most important hosts of many sediment-hosted gold deposits throughout the West Qinling orogen. The ore-stage hydrothermal pyrite con- tains high concentrations of Au, As, Cu, Sb, Tl, and Bi and hasa relatively narrow range of positive δ34S values ranging from +8.1 to +15.2‰. The sulfur isotope data are comparable to those of ore pyrite from many Triassic orogenic gold deposits and Paleozoic sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) Pb-Zn de- posits in the West Qinling orogen, both being hosted mainly in the Devonian sequence. This similarity indicates that sulfur, responsible for the auriferous pyrite at Qiuling, was largely derived from the metamorphic devolatization of Paleozoic marine sedimentary rocks. Post-ore-stage pyrite, which is sig- nificantly enriched in Co and Ni but depleted in Au and As, has unusually high δ34S values ranging from +37.4 to +69.6 ‰, that are interpreted to result from thermochemical reduc- tion of evaporite sulfates in underlying Cambrian sedimentary

Characterising Passive Dosemeters for Dosimetry of Biological Experiments in Space (dobies)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vanhavere, Filip; Spurny, Frantisek; Yukihara, Eduardo; Genicot, Jean-Louis

Introduction: The DOBIES (Dosimetry of biological experi-ments in space) project focusses on the use of a stan-dard dosimetric method (as a combination of differ-ent passive techniques) to measure accurately the absorbed doses and equivalent doses in biological samples. Dose measurements on biological samples are of high interest in the fields of radiobiology and exobiology. Radiation doses absorbed by biological samples must be quantified to be able to determine the relationship between observed biological effects and the radiation dose. The radiation field in space is very complex, con-sisting of protons, neutrons, electrons and high-energy heavy charged particles. It is not straightfor-ward to measure doses in this radiation field, cer-tainly not with only small and light passive doseme-ters. The properties of the passive detectors must be tested in radiation fields that are representative of the space radiation. We will report on the characterisation of different type of passive detectors at high energy fields. The results from such characterisation measurements will be applied to recent exposures of detectors on the International Space Station. Material and methods: Following passive detectors are used: • thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) • optically stimulated luminescence detectors (OSLD) • track etch detectors (TED) The different groups have participated in the past to the ICCHIBAN series of irradiations. Here protons and other particles of high energy were used to de-termine the LET-dependency of the passive detec-tors. The last few months, new irradiations have been done at the iThemba labs (100-200 MeV protons), Dubna (145 MeV protons) and the JRC-IRMM (quasi mono energetic neutrons up to 19 MeV). All these detectors were also exposed to a simulated space radiation field at CERN (CERF-field). Discussion: The interpretation of the TLD and OSLD results is done using the measured LET spectrum (TED) and the LET-dependency curves of ths TLD and OSLDs

Gas Cromatography In Solar System Exploration:decoding Complex Chromatograms Recovered From Space Missions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pietrogrande, M. C.; Tellini, I.; Dondi, F.; Felinger, A.; Sternberg, R.; Szopa, C.; Vidal-Madjar, C.

compared. Also an independent procedure was used to estimate peak width, in order to validate the ob- tained results. The number of components present in the mixture and the peak width (related to separation efficiency) can be accurately estimated for the experimental chromatograms. Such information are useful to interpret data recovered from space 1 missions and to select the optimal analysis conditions compatible with flight con- straints. 1. C. Szopa et al., J. Chromatogr. A 2000, 904, 73. 2. M. C. Pietrogrande et al., J. Chromatogr. A, in press. 3. A. Felinger et al, Anal. Chem., 1990, 62, 1854. 4. A. Felinger et al, Anal. Chem., 1991, 63, 2627. 5. M. C. Pietrogrande et al., J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 327. 6. F. Dondi et al, Chromatographia, 1997, 45, 435. 7. A. Felinger, M.C. Pietrogrande, Anal. Chem., 2001, 73, 618A. 2

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Itokawa Regolith Grains

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keller, Lindsay P.; Berger, E. L.

2013-01-01

Introduction: In a remarkable engineering achievement, the JAXA space agency successfully recovered the Hayabusa space-craft in June 2010, following a non-optimal encounter and sur-face sampling mission to asteroid 25143 Itokawa. These are the first direct samples ever obtained and returned from the surface of an asteroid. The Hayabusa samples thus present a special op-portunity to directly investigate the evolution of asteroidal sur-faces, from the development of the regolith to the study of the effects of space weathering. Here we report on our preliminary TEM measurements on two Itokawa samples. Methods: We were allocated particles RA-QD02-0125 and RA-QD02-0211. Both particles were embedded in low viscosity epoxy and thin sections were prepared using ultramicrotomy. High resolution images and electron diffraction data were ob-tained using a JEOL 2500SE 200 kV field-emission scanning-transmission electron microscope. Quantitative maps and anal-yses were obtained using a Thermo thin-window energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. Results: Both particles are olivine-rich (Fo70) with µm-sized inclusions of FeS and have microstructurally complex rims. Par-ticle RA-QD02-0125 is rounded and has numerous sub-µm grains attached to its surface including FeS, albite, olivine, and rare melt droplets. Solar flare tracks have not been observed, but the particle is surrounded by a continuous 50 nm thick, stuctur-ally disordered rim that is compositionally similar to the core of the grain. One of the surface adhering grains is pyrrhotite show-ing a S-depleted rim (8-10 nm thick) with nanophase Fe metal grains (<5 nm) decorating the outermost surface. The pyrrhotite displays a complex superstructure in its core that is absent in the S-depleted rim. Particle RA-QD02-0211 contains solar flare particle tracks (2x109 cm-2) and shows a structurally disordered rim 100 nm thick. The track density corresponds to a surface exposure of 103-104 years based on the track production rate

Frontal Generation of Waves: A Geostrophic Adjustment Interpretation of The Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blumen, W.; Lundquist, J. K.

motions and how much is associated with a geostrophically balanced state. It is not possible to separate waves from other types of motion from the observed energy spectrum, but there is evidence of a spectral peak in the range of 7 to 23 minutes in the 16 October energy spectrum. This peak is assumed to be associated with wave excitation by the frontal passage, although other types of motion may also be a contributors. A model calculation reveals that the energy con- tained in this spectral peak represents about 10 to 15 percent of the energy contained in the initial state (time t = 0). This result, although based on crude estimates of the 1 observed wave energy is, nevertheless, in general agreement with the prediction of geostrophic theory:a relatively small amount of energy is expected to be associated with relatively high-frequency, small-scale gravity waves. Additional details regard- ing the geostrophic adjustment interpretation of the observations will be presented in the talk. 2

Oxy-Component in low-Pressure Kaersutite: How Much can be a Primary Magmatic Feature?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCubbin, F.; Nekvasil, H.; Lindsley, D. H.

2006-05-01

Introduction: The presence of an oxy-component in kaersutite has been well established [1]. Many workers have attributed this oxy-component to dehydration or dehydrogenation [1, 2]. However, it has also been suggested that the oxy-component can be a primary magmatic feature because of a Ti-oxy substitution mechanism [2, 3], although the exact mechanism has yet to be determined experimentally [3]. This work focuses on experimentally determining how much oxy-component can be incorporated into kaersutite (specifically F-kaersutite) as a primary magmatic feature at 0 kbar. Additionally, substitution mechanisms involving Ti-oxy substitutions are con-sidered. Experimental Procedure: Powdered mixes of oxides and CaF2 were used as starting materials. F2/O ratios were different for each starting material in hopes of creating kaersutites with specific oxy- components for each starting composition. The powders were loaded into Fe-capsules and dried at 800°C under vacuum in silica-glass tubes. Next the silica-glass tubes were sealed and placed in a Deltech furnace. The temperature within the furnace was raised above the melting temperature of the starting material and main-tained for 3 hours to allow for liquid equilibration. The tempera-ture was then lowered to a crystallization temperature and left for several days. Pressures of both melting and crystallization were nominally 0 kbar (tensile strength of silica glass tubes used is ~3 atm). The resulting phases were considered to be nomi-nally water-free. [Quenched glass experiments at these conditions yielded 0.0 wt% H2O as determined by micro-FTIR]. Ex-perimental run products were analyzed by electron-microprobe. Results: To date, experiments on a starting mate-rial with 3.55 wt% fluorine yielded kaersutite that had ~75 mol% F-component and ~25 mol% oxy-component (as-suming O(3) site stoichiometry). Experiments on a starting mate-rial with 0.89 wt% F yielded kaersutites ranging from ~55 mol% F- component and ~45 mol% Oxy

Insight into the radiotolerance of the life support bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H by means of phenotypic and transcriptomic methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mastroleo, Felice; Monsieurs, Pieter; Leys, Natalie

The MELiSSA life support system from the European Space Agency is targeting the produc-tion of oxygen, water and food by recycling organic waste. Among different types of pro-cesses, MELiSSA uses several interconnected bioreactors inhabited by microorganisms and higher plants (Hendrickx et al., 2006; Mergeay et al., 1988). Because this loop is foreseen to be functional in space where it will be exposed to higher doses and different spectra of ionizing radiation, it was decided to screen the radiotolerance of the organisms used. In this study, the radiotolerance (i.e. tolerance to ionizing radiation) of the photosynthetic bacterium Rho-dospirillum rubrum S1H was investigated. In this test, first the effect of low energy Cobalt-60 gamma rays, were tested. To assess the radiotolerance of bacterium S1H, the survival rate after increasing exposure was determined. R. rubrum S1H appeared relatively radiosensitive, as the radiation dose at which 90% of the population was killed (D10 value) was 4 times lower than the model bacterium Escherichia coli. It was demonstrate that the culture medium has an impact on radiation tolerance. This survival curve also permitted to select a number of sub-lethal ionizing radiation doses (¡ D10 ), that were used to analyze the gene expression response of R. rubrum S1H after gamma irradiation. The microarray transcriptome analysis results ob-tained from different doses and different culture medium showed a significant response of the bacterium to sublethal doses. Potential marker genes for ionizing radiation stress in R. rubrum S1H were identified. By quantitative PCR, it was shown that the expression of these marker genes increased with the recovery time after exposure to ionizing radiation. In other words, the radiation tolerance and the response of R. rubrum S1H to low energy Cobalt-60 gamma ionizing radiation was characterized. Therefore to ensure MELiSSA process robustness during extended space exploration mission, it is advised that

Organic compounds in hydrothermal systems on the Russian Far East: relevance to the origin of life

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kompanichenko, Vladimir

In 70th of the last century L. Mukhin with co-authors (1) explored amino acids in the hot springs and water-steam mixture from the boreholes in Kamchatka peninsula of eastern Rus-sia. According to their results, 12 amino acids of biological origination were detected in hot springs inhabited by thermophiles and hyperthermophiles. Only a single amino acid -glycine -was found in the lifeless condensate of water-steam mixture. These authors proposed its abiotic genesis. Our research is devoted to exploration of moderately volatile organic com-pounds in the hot springs and water-steam mixture in Kamchatka peninsula, Kuriles and intracontinental part of eastern Russia. Samples were taken from hot springs far from poten-tial sources of contamination by human populations, and from boreholes 60 to 1200 meters in depth. The temperature ranged from 175C (sterile water-steam mixture) to 55C (hot water with thermophile populations). The samples were analyzed by the gas chromatomass-spectrometer Shimatsu (GCMS-QP20105). Lifeless condensate of water-steam mixture (t = 108-175C) con-tains aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, 1,2-methylnaphtaline biphenyl, phenathrene, fluo-rene,squalene, 1,3-diethylbenzene, and trichlorobenzene)., n-alkanes (decane, dodecane, tride-cane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, and geptadecane), aldehyde (oktadekanal), ketone (2-geptadekanon), and alcohol (2-undetsenol-1). 10 homologous series have been found in hot solutions (t = 55-99C) inhabited by thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms hav-ing low concentrations: aromatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, dietoxyalkanes, naphthenes, fatty acids, methyl ethers of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and steroids. Especially diverse organic substance is detected in alkaline lower-temperature solutions (pH 9-9.5, t up to 72C). The source of these compounds is not yet established. They may represent pre-existing organic material that has been chemically degraded by pyrolysis. For

Early biomarker response and patient preferences to oral and intramuscular vitamin B12 substitution in primary care: a randomised parallel-group trial.

PubMed

Metaxas, Corina; Mathis, Deborah; Jeger, Cyrill; Hersberger, Kurt Eduard; Arnet, Isabelle; Walter, Philipp

2017-04-19

HoloTc 1269 pmol/l [103-2435]). Hcy and MMA levels showed a significant decrease compared with baseline (group O-oral: Hcy 13.8 µmol/l [10.7-16.8] and MMA 168 nmol/l [134-202]; group I-IM: Hcy 8.5 µmol/l [7.1-9.8] and MMA 156 nmol/l [121-190]). HoloTc and MMA levels were normalised in all patients after 4 weeks of treatment, whereas normalisation of VB12 and Hcy was reached by all patients in group I-IM only. Response of VB12, HoloTc and Hcy was more pronounced in group I-IM (p <0.01) and the primary hypothesis that oral VB12 treatment would be noninfe-rior to IM treatment was rejected. Average adherence to thera-py was 99.6 ± 1.1% and days with 2 dosing events reached 5.6%. Before randomisation, preference was in favour of oral treatment (45.9%, n = 17) over IM administration (21.6%, n = 8). Twelve patients (32.4%) had no preference. Nine (24.3%) patients changed their preference after treatment. Patients who obtained their preferred route of administration main-tained their preference in the case of oral treatment and changed their preference after IM treatment. Differences in VB12 levels between groups were higher than expected. Therefore, noninferiority of oral treat-ment had to be rejected. However, normalisation of HoloTc and MMA was reached by all patients after a 1-month treatment period. The clinical benefit of the exaggerated biomarker re-sponse after IM treatment within a typical primary care popula-tion is questionable. Midterm biomarker effects and patient preferences should be considered when a therapeutic scheme is chosen. Initial rating in favour of either IM or oral therapy can change over time and justifies repeated re-evaluation of patient preferences. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01832129).

Countermeasure development : Specific Immunoprophylaxis and Immunotherapy of Combined Acute Radiation Syndromes.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Popov, Dmitri; Maliev, Slava

healthy mammals induces development of lymphocytosis, leukocytosis, trombocytosis, and ac-tivation of blood coagulation cascade. Administration of SRT (IV or IM) to radiation naive animals induces leukopeina, thrombopenia, lymphopenia as a result of clonogenic programmed cell death. Blood coagulation cascade suppression is registered. Materials and Methods: Cows, horses, rabbits, rats, mice were used for different stages of our experiments. Animals were quarantined at laboratory conditions for three weeks prior to experimentation. Isolation of the SRT was provided from the central lymphatic duct of irradiated cows. Immunization of horses and rabbits to obtain Antiradiation Antibodies (Specific Antiradiation Antidote -SAR) was provided. Animals: cows, mice, rats were irradiated in the VSRI (Kazan), Academy of Vet-erinary Medicine (Moscow), Scientific Research Institute of Radiobiology (Gomel), Scientific Research Nuclear Center (Dubna). Equipment for gamma-irradiation: " Pyma", "Panorama" -Co gamma radiation source. Irradiation was performed by different doses corresponding to induction of severe forms of the Acute Radiation Syndromes (ARS). Mice and rats were re-ceiving the combined radiation and thermal injury. Model of the thermal injury: Burns -10% of total body surface. Third grade of burns was used as a model. Thermal Injury was given after irradiation. Preparations of Antiradiation Vaccine -contained a toxoid form of Radiation Toxins were used for immune-prophylaxis. Preparations of Antiradiation Antidote IgG con-tained antibodies to Radiation Toxins was used for immune-therapy. Scheme of experiments: I. Control: Group A. Animals with the ARS not received any treatment. Group B. Animals with the thermal injury not received any treatment. Group C. Animals with combined forms of the ARS not received any treatment. II. Specific Immune-prophylaxis with Antiradiation Vaccine (AV): Group D. Animals undergone immune-prophylaxis by AV. Irradiation was provided 24 days after