Accurate attitude determination of the LACE satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miglin, M. F.; Campion, R. E.; Lemos, P. J.; Tran, T.

1993-01-01

The Low-power Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (LACE) satellite, launched in February 1990 by the Naval Research Laboratory, uses a magnetic damper on a gravity gradient boom and a momentum wheel with its axis perpendicular to the plane of the orbit to stabilize and maintain its attitude. Satellite attitude is determined using three types of sensors: a conical Earth scanner, a set of sun sensors, and a magnetometer. The Ultraviolet Plume Instrument (UVPI), on board LACE, consists of two intensified CCD cameras and a gimbal led pointing mirror. The primary purpose of the UVPI is to image rocket plumes from space in the ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. Secondary objectives include imaging stars, atmospheric phenomena, and ground targets. The problem facing the UVPI experimenters is that the sensitivity of the LACF satellite attitude sensors is not always adequate to correctly point the UVPI cameras. Our solution is to point the UVPI cameras at known targets and use the information thus gained to improve attitude measurements. This paper describes the three methods developed to determine improved attitude values using the UVPI for both real-time operations and post observation analysis.

Lace Up for Healthy Feet: The Impact of Shoe Closure on Plantar Stress Response.

PubMed

Rahemi, Hadi; Armstrong, David G; Enriquez, Ana; Owl, Joshua; Talal, Talal K; Najafi, Bijan

2017-07-01

This study examined the impact of shoe closure on plantar thermal stress response (TSR), which is known to be a surrogate of shear stress and skin perfusion. It is aimed to explore potential impact of shoe closure on increasing risk factors associated with plantar ulcers in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Fifteen eligible subjects were enrolled. The left foot was used as a reference and fitted to a self-adjusted and habitual lace-tightening method by each subject. The right foot was used as a test closure and fitted into three lace closure conditions: loose, tight, and preset optimal closure (reel clutch, BOA technology). Thermal images were taken after 5 minutes of acclimatization (pre-trial) and immediately after 200 walking steps in each shoe closure condition (post-trial). TSR was calculated from the thermal images. TSR was significantly higher in the test closure with loose (70.24%, P = .000) and tight (66.85%, P = .007) and lower (-206.53%, P = .000) in the preset optimal closure when compared to the reference closure. Only lace closure conditions affected TSR with no significant impact from age, BMI, and gender in our sample in a multivariable regression model. The results from this study suggest that shoelace closure technique can have a profound effect on TSR. It therefore stands to reason that optimal lace closure may have an impact in reducing risk of plantar ulcers in people with DPN. Interestingly, results revealed that even a self-adjusted lace closure may not be necessarily optimal and a preset closure setting like reel clutch might ultimately be recommended to minimize risk. Further study is warranted to confirm or refute these interesting results.

Experimental Research on Seismic Performance of Four-Element Variable Cross-Sectional Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Laced Columns

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ou, Zhijing; Lin, Jianmao; Chen, Shengfu; Lin, Wen

2017-10-01

A total of 7 experimental tests were conducted to investigate seismic performance of four element variable cross-sectional Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) laced columns. The experimental parameters are longitudinal slope and arrangement type of lacing tubes. The rules on hysteresis loop, ductility, energy expenditure, and stiffness degradation of specimens are researched. Test results indicate that all specimens have good seismic performance; their hysteresis loops are full without obvious shrinkage. With the increase of longitudinal slope, the horizontal carrying capacity increases, energy dissipation capacity improve, and there is slightly increase in stiffness degradation. The influence of arrangement type of lacing tubes on displacement ductility of specimens is big.

Surviving Sepsis: Taming a Deadly Immune Response

MedlinePlus

... Issues Subscribe August 2014 Print this issue Surviving Sepsis Taming a Deadly Immune Response En español Send ... Mouth? Looking at Lupus Wise Choices Signs of Sepsis Sepsis can be hard to spot, because its ...

Screening for Host Plant Resistance to Azalea Lace Bug

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Azalea Lace bug (ALB) are a major pest of azaleas in the southeast. Adults and nymphs cause visible damage on the upper leaf surface. Host plant resistance to ALB provides “built-in” plant protection and allows for reduced dependency on pesticide applications for both growers and consumers. We have...

A Primer on Taming the Beast.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohler, Jason

1999-01-01

Discusses a book, "Taming the Beast: Choice and Control in the Electronic Jungle" that explores 27 key issues about technology in order to understand its impact on ourselves, social structures, and the environment. Highlights include the effective use of technology in schools; anxiety concerning technology; technological literacy; and…

Tame majorant analyticity for the Birkhoff map of the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the circle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maspero, A.

2018-05-01

For the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the circle, we construct a Birkhoff map Φ which is tame majorant analytic in a neighborhood of the origin. Roughly speaking, majorant analytic means that replacing the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of Φ by their absolute values gives rise to a series (the majorant map) which is uniformly and absolutely convergent, at least in a small neighborhood. Tame majorant analytic means that the majorant map of Φ fulfills tame estimates. The proof is based on a new tame version of the Kuksin–Perelman theorem (2010 Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 1 1–24), which is an infinite dimensional Vey type theorem.

Used motor oil as a source of MTBE, TAME, and BTEX to ground water

USGS Publications Warehouse

Baker, R.J.; Best, E.W.; Baehr, A.L.

2002-01-01

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), the widely used gasoline oxygenate, has been identified as a common ground water contaminant, and BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) have long been associated with gasoline spills. Because not all instances of ground water contamination by MTBE and BTEX can be attributed to spills or leaking storage tanks, other potential sources need to be considered. In this study, used motor oil was investigated as a potential source of these contaminants. MTBE in oil was measured directly by methanol extraction and gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Water was equilibrated with oil samples and analyzed for MTBE, BTEX, and the oxygenate tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) by purge-and-trap concentration followed by GC/FID analysis. Raoult's law was used to calculate oil-phase concentrations of MTBE, BTEX, and TAME from aqueous-phase concentrations. MTBE, TAME, and BTEX were not detected in any of five new motor oil samples, whereas these compounds were found at significant concentrations in all six samples of the used motor oil tested for MTBE and all four samples tested for TAME and BTEX. MTBE concentrations in used motor oil were on the order of 100 mg/L. TAME concentrations ranged from 2.2 to 87 mg/L. Concentrations of benzene were 29 to 66 mg/L, but those of other BTEX compounds were higher, typically 500 to 2000 mg/L.

The InterLACE study: Design, data harmonization and characteristics across 20 studies on women's health.

PubMed

Mishra, Gita D; Chung, Hsin-Fang; Pandeya, Nirmala; Dobson, Annette J; Jones, Lee; Avis, Nancy E; Crawford, Sybil L; Gold, Ellen B; Brown, Daniel; Sievert, Lynette L; Brunner, Eric; Cade, Janet E; Burley, Victoria J; Greenwood, Darren C; Giles, Graham G; Bruinsma, Fiona; Goodman, Alissa; Hayashi, Kunihiko; Lee, Jung Su; Mizunuma, Hideki; Kuh, Diana; Cooper, Rachel; Hardy, Rebecca; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Lee, Kathryn A; Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld; Yoshizawa, Toyoko; Woods, Nancy F; Mitchell, Ellen S; Hamer, Mark; Demakakos, Panayotes; Sandin, Sven; Adami, Hans-Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Anderson, Debra

2016-10-01

The International Collaboration for a Life Course Approach to Reproductive Health and Chronic Disease Events (InterLACE) project is a global research collaboration that aims to advance understanding of women's reproductive health in relation to chronic disease risk by pooling individual participant data from several cohort and cross-sectional studies. The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of contributing studies and to present the distribution of demographic and reproductive factors and chronic disease outcomes in InterLACE. InterLACE is an individual-level pooled study of 20 observational studies (12 of which are longitudinal) from ten countries. Variables were harmonized across studies to create a new and systematic synthesis of life-course data. Harmonized data were derived in three domains: 1) socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, 2) female reproductive characteristics, and 3) chronic disease outcomes (cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes). InterLACE pooled data from 229,054 mid-aged women. Overall, 76% of the women were Caucasian and 22% Japanese; other ethnicities (of 300 or more participants) included Hispanic/Latin American (0.2%), Chinese (0.2%), Middle Eastern (0.3%), African/black (0.5%), and Other (1.0%). The median age at baseline was 47 years (Inter-quartile range (IQR): 41-53), and that at the last follow-up was 56 years (IQR: 48-64). Regarding reproductive characteristics, half of the women (49.8%) had their first menstruation (menarche) at 12-13 years of age. The distribution of menopausal status and the prevalence of chronic disease varied considerably among studies. At baseline, most women (57%) were pre- or peri-menopausal, 20% reported a natural menopause (range 0.8-55.6%) and the remainder had surgery or were taking hormones. By the end of follow-up, the prevalence rates of CVD and diabetes were 7.2% (range 0.9-24.6%) and 5.1% (range 1.3-13.2%), respectively. The scale and heterogeneity of InterLACE data provide an

Detoxification of diphenyl ether herbicide lactofen by Bacillus sp. Za and enantioselective characteristics of an esterase gene lacE.

PubMed

Zhang, Jing; Lu, Luyao; Chen, Feng; Chen, Lingling; Yin, Jingang; Huang, Xing

2018-01-05

A bacterial strain Za capable of degrading diphenyl ether herbicide lactofen was isolated and identified as Bacillus sp. This strain could degrade 94.8% of 50mgL -1 lactofen after 4days of inoculation in flasks. It was revealed that lactofen was initially hydrolyzed to desethyl lactofen, which was further transformed to acifluorfen, followed by the reduction of the nitro group to yield aminoacifluorfen. The phytotoxicity of the transformed product aminoacifluorfen to maize was decreased significantly compared with the lactofen. A gene lacE, encoding an esterase responsible for lactofen hydrolysis to desethyl lactofen and acifluorfen continuously, was cloned from Bacillus sp. Za. The deduced amino acid belonging to the esterase family VII contained a typical Ser-His-Asp/Glu catalytic triad and the conserved motifs GXSXG. The purified recombinant protein LacE displayed maximal esterase activity at 40°C and pH 7.0. Additionally, LacE had broad substrate specificity and was capable of hydrolyzing p-nitrophenyl esters. The enantioselectivity of LacE during lactofen degradation was further studied, and the results indicated that the (S)-(+)-lactofen was degraded faster than the (R)-(-)-lactofen, which could illustrate the reported phenomenon that (S)-(+)-lactofen was preferentially degraded in soil and sediment. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The InterLACE study: Design, data harmonization and characteristics across 20 studies on women’s health

PubMed Central

Mishra, Gita D.; Chung, Hsin-Fang; Pandeya, Nirmala; Dobson, Annette J.; Jones, Lee; Avis, Nancy E.; Crawford, Sybil L.; Gold, Ellen B.; Brown, Daniel; Sievert, Lynette L.; Brunner, Eric; Cade, Janet E.; Burley, Victoria J.; Greenwood, Darren C.; Giles, Graham G.; Bruinsma, Fiona; Goodman, Alissa; Hayashi, Kunihiko; Lee, Jung Su; Mizunuma, Hideki; Kuh, Diana; Cooper, Rachel; Hardy, Rebecca; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Lee, Kathryn A.; Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld; Yoshizawa, Toyoko; Woods, Nancy F.; Mitchell, Ellen S.; Hamer, Mark; Demakakos, Panayotes; Sandin, Sven; Adami, Hans-Olov; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Anderson, Debra

2017-01-01

Objectives The International Collaboration for a Life Course Approach to Reproductive Health and Chronic Disease Events (InterLACE) project is a global research collaboration that aims to advance understanding of women’s reproductive health in relation to chronic disease risk by pooling individual participant data from several cohort and cross-sectional studies. The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of contributing studies and to present the distribution of demographic and reproductive factors and chronic disease outcomes in InterLACE. Study design InterLACE is an individual-level pooled study of 20 observational studies (12 of which are longitudinal) from ten countries. Variables were harmonized across studies to create a new and systematic synthesis of life-course data. Main outcome measures Harmonized data were derived in three domains: 1) socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, 2) female reproductive characteristics, and 3) chronic disease outcomes (cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes). Results InterLACE pooled data from 229,054 mid-aged women. Overall, 76% of the women were Caucasian and 22% Japanese; other ethnicities (of 300 or more participants) included Hispanic/Latin American (0.2%), Chinese (0.2%), Middle Eastern (0.3%), African/black (0.5%), and Other (1.0%). The median age at baseline was 47 years (Inter-quartile range (IQR): 41–53), and that at the last follow-up was 56 years (IQR: 48–64). Regarding reproductive characteristics, half of the women (49.8%) had their first menstruation (menarche) at 12–13 years of age. The distribution of menopausal status and the prevalence of chronic disease varied considerably among studies. At baseline, most women (57%) were pre- or peri-menopausal, 20% reported a natural menopause (range 0.8–55.6%) and the remainder had surgery or were taking hormones. By the end of follow-up, the prevalence rates of CVD and diabetes were 7.2% (range 0.9–24.6%) and 5.1% (range 1.3–13

TAME5OX, abiotic siderophore analogue to enterobactin involving 8-hydroxyquinoline subunits: Thermodynamic and photophysical studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akbar, Rifat; Baral, Minati; Kanungo, B. K.

2015-05-01

The synthesis, thermodynamic and photophysical properties of trivalent metal complexes of biomimetic nonadentate analogue, 5,5‧-(2-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)methylamino)methyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis(azanediyl)bis(methylene)diquinolin-8-ol (TAME5OX), have been described. Combination of absorption and emission spectrophotometry, potentiometry, electrospray mass spectrometry, IR, and theoretical investigation were used to fully characterize metal (Fe+3, Al+3 and Cr+3) chelates of TAME5OX. In solution, TAME5OX forms protonated complexes [M(H3L)]3+ below pH 3.4, which consecutively deprotonates through one to three-proton processes with rise of pH. The formation constants (Log β11n) of neutral complexes formed at or above physiological pH, have been determined to be 30.18, 23.27 and 22.02 with pM values of 31.16, 18.07 and 18.12 for Fe+3, Al+3 and Cr+3 ions, respectively, calculated at pH 7.4, indicating TAME5OX is a powerful among synthetic metal chelator. The results clearly demonstrate that the ligand in a tripodal orchestration firmly binds these ions over wide pH range and forms distorted octahedral complexes. The binding and the coordination event could be monitored from absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The high thermodynamic stability in water at physiological pH of ferric complex of TAME5OX indicates that these complexes are resistant to hydrolysis and therefore are well suited for the development of device for applications as probes. The ligand displays high sensitive fluorescence enhancement to Al3+ at pH 7.4, in water. Moreover, TAME5OX can distinguish Al3+ from Fe3+ and Cr3+ via two different sensing mechanisms: photoinduced electron transfer (PET) for Al3+ and internal charge transfer (ICT) for Fe3+ and Cr3+. Density functional theory was employed for optimization and evaluation of vibrational modes, NBO analysis, excitation and emission properties of the different species of metal complexes observed by solution studies.

TAME5OX, abiotic siderophore analogue to enterobactin involving 8-hydroxyquinoline subunits: thermodynamic and photophysical studies.

PubMed

Akbar, Rifat; Baral, Minati; Kanungo, B K

2015-05-05

The synthesis, thermodynamic and photophysical properties of trivalent metal complexes of biomimetic nonadentate analogue, 5,5'-(2-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)methylamino)methyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis(azanediyl)bis(methylene)diquinolin-8-ol (TAME5OX), have been described. Combination of absorption and emission spectrophotometry, potentiometry, electrospray mass spectrometry, IR, and theoretical investigation were used to fully characterize metal (Fe(+3), Al(+3) and Cr(+3)) chelates of TAME5OX. In solution, TAME5OX forms protonated complexes [M(H3L)](3+) below pH 3.4, which consecutively deprotonates through one to three-proton processes with rise of pH. The formation constants (Logβ11n) of neutral complexes formed at or above physiological pH, have been determined to be 30.18, 23.27 and 22.02 with pM values of 31.16, 18.07 and 18.12 for Fe(+3), Al(+3) and Cr(+3) ions, respectively, calculated at pH 7.4, indicating TAME5OX is a powerful among synthetic metal chelator. The results clearly demonstrate that the ligand in a tripodal orchestration firmly binds these ions over wide pH range and forms distorted octahedral complexes. The binding and the coordination event could be monitored from absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The high thermodynamic stability in water at physiological pH of ferric complex of TAME5OX indicates that these complexes are resistant to hydrolysis and therefore are well suited for the development of device for applications as probes. The ligand displays high sensitive fluorescence enhancement to Al(3+) at pH 7.4, in water. Moreover, TAME5OX can distinguish Al(3+) from Fe(3+) and Cr(3+) via two different sensing mechanisms: photoinduced electron transfer (PET) for Al(3+) and internal charge transfer (ICT) for Fe(3+) and Cr(3+). Density functional theory was employed for optimization and evaluation of vibrational modes, NBO analysis, excitation and emission properties of the different species of metal complexes observed by solution

Left-colon antegrade continence enema (LACE) procedure for fecal incontinence.

PubMed

Churchill, Bernard M; De Ugarte, Daniel A; Atkinson, James B

2003-12-01

Antegrade continence enemas (ACE) are an efficacious therapeutic option for patients with fecal incontinence. The authors review their institution's experience with a variation of the Monti-Malone ACE procedure using the left colon as a source of an intestinal conduit and enema reservoir. From 2000 to 2002, 18 patients with fecal incontinence or intractable constipation underwent left-colon ACE (LACE) procedure. Concomitant Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy was performed in 15 patients and bladder augmentation in 9. The majority of patients had neural tube defects. A segment of left colon was tubularized, tunneled into the muscular wall of the distal colon, and exteriorized through the left upper quadrant or midabdomen. Stomal catherization and enema installation were started one month postoperatively. Fifteen patients (83%) achieved fecal continence, 2 remain incontinent of stool, and 1 experienced stomal closure (mean follow-up was 24 +/- 9 months). Two patients had stomal stenosis that required revision. The mean enema volume in patient's achieving continence was 360 +/- 216 mL, and the mean transit time was 18 +/- 12 minutes. LACE is an efficacious procedure for fecal incontinence that can be performed safely at the time of major urologic reconstruction. Administration of enemas into the left colon has several physiologic advantages that result in predictable bowel evacuation.

From tameness to wariness: chemical recognition of snake predators by lizards in a Mediterranean island

PubMed Central

Pérez-Mellado, Valentín

2017-01-01

Antipredatory defenses are maintained when benefit exceeds cost. A weak predation pressure may lead insular lizards to tameness. Podarcis lilfordi exhibits a high degree of insular tameness, which may explain its extinction from the main island of Menorca when humans introduced predators. There are three species of lizards in Menorca: the native P. lilfordi, only on the surrounding islets, and two introduced lizards in the main island, Scelarcis perspicillata and Podarcis siculus. In addition, there are three species of snakes, all introduced: one non-saurophagous (Natrix maura), one potentially non-saurophagous (Rhinechis scalaris) and one saurophagous (Macroprotodon mauritanicus). We studied the reaction to snake chemical cues in five populations: (1) P. lilfordi of Colom, (2) P. lilfordi of Aire, (3) P. lilfordi of Binicodrell, (4) S. perspicillata, and (5) P. siculus, ordered by increasing level of predation pressure. The three snakes are present in the main island, while only R. scalaris is present in Colom islet, Aire and Binicodrell being snake-free islets. We aimed to assess the relationship between predation pressure and the degree of insular tameness regarding scent recognition. We hypothesized that P. lilfordi should show the highest degree of tameness, S. perspicillata should show intermediate responses, and P. siculus should show the highest wariness. Results are clear: neither P. lilfordi nor S. perspicillata recognize any of the snakes, while P. siculus recognizes the scent of M. mauritanicus and reacts to it with typical well-defined antipredatory behaviours as tail waving and slow motion. These results rise questions about the loss of chemical recognition of predators during island tameness and its related costs and benefits for lizards of insular habitats. In addition, this highlights the necessity for strong conservation measures to avoid the introduction of alien predators. PMID:28123905

From tameness to wariness: chemical recognition of snake predators by lizards in a Mediterranean island.

PubMed

Mencía, Abraham; Ortega, Zaida; Pérez-Mellado, Valentín

2017-01-01

Antipredatory defenses are maintained when benefit exceeds cost. A weak predation pressure may lead insular lizards to tameness. Podarcis lilfordi exhibits a high degree of insular tameness, which may explain its extinction from the main island of Menorca when humans introduced predators. There are three species of lizards in Menorca: the native P. lilfordi , only on the surrounding islets, and two introduced lizards in the main island, Scelarcis perspicillata and Podarcis siculus . In addition, there are three species of snakes, all introduced: one non-saurophagous ( Natrix maura ), one potentially non-saurophagous ( Rhinechis scalaris ) and one saurophagous ( Macroprotodon mauritanicus ). We studied the reaction to snake chemical cues in five populations: (1) P. lilfordi of Colom, (2) P. lilfordi of Aire, (3) P. lilfordi of Binicodrell, (4) S. perspicillata , and (5) P. siculus , ordered by increasing level of predation pressure. The three snakes are present in the main island, while only R. scalaris is present in Colom islet, Aire and Binicodrell being snake-free islets. We aimed to assess the relationship between predation pressure and the degree of insular tameness regarding scent recognition. We hypothesized that P. lilfordi should show the highest degree of tameness, S. perspicillata should show intermediate responses, and P. siculus should show the highest wariness. Results are clear: neither P. lilfordi nor S. perspicillata recognize any of the snakes, while P. siculus recognizes the scent of M. mauritanicus and reacts to it with typical well-defined antipredatory behaviours as tail waving and slow motion. These results rise questions about the loss of chemical recognition of predators during island tameness and its related costs and benefits for lizards of insular habitats. In addition, this highlights the necessity for strong conservation measures to avoid the introduction of alien predators.

Attitude control of the LACE satellite: A gravity gradient stabilized spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ivory, J. E.; Campion, R. E.; Bakeris, D. F.

1993-01-01

The Low-power Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (LACE) satellite was launched in February 1990 by the Naval Research Laboratory. The spacecraft's pitch and roll are maintained with a gravity gradient boom and a magnetic damper. There are two other booms with much smaller tip masses, one in the velocity direction (lead boom) of variable length and the other in the opposite direction (balance boom) also of variable length. In addition, the system uses a momentum wheel with its axis perpendicular to the plane of the orbit to control yaw and keep these booms in the orbital plane. The primary LACE experiment requires that the lead boom be moved to lengths varying from 4.6 m to 45.7 m. This and other onboard experiments require that the spacecraft attitude remain within tight constraints while operating. The problem confronting the satellite operators was to move the lead boom without inducing a net spacecraft attitude disturbance. A description of a method used to change the length of the lead boom while minimizing the disturbance to the attitude of the spacecraft is given. Deadbeating to dampen pitch oscillations has also been accomplished by maneuvering either the lead or balance boom and is discussed.

MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones.

PubMed

Landmeyer, James E; Bradley, Paul M; Trego, Donald A; Hale, Kevin G; Haas, Joseph E

2010-01-01

Groundwater contamination by fuel-related compounds such as the fuel oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) presents a significant issue to managers and consumers of groundwater and surface water that receives groundwater discharge. Four sites were investigated on Long Island, New York, characterized by groundwater contaminated with gasoline and fuel oxygenates that ultimately discharge to fresh, brackish, or saline surface water. For each site, contaminated groundwater discharge zones were delineated using pore water geochemistry data from 15 feet (4.5 m) beneath the bottom of the surface water body in the hyporheic zone and seepage-meter tests were conducted to measure discharge rates. These data when combined indicate that MTBE, TBA, and TAME concentrations in groundwater discharge in a 5-foot (1.5-m) thick section of the hyporheic zone were attenuated between 34% and 95%, in contrast to immeasurable attenuation in the shallow aquifer during contaminant transport between 0.1 and 1.5 miles (0.1 to 2.4 km). The attenuation observed in the hyporheic zone occurred primarily by physical processes such as mixing of groundwater and surface water. Biodegradation also occurred as confirmed in laboratory microcosms by the mineralization of U- (14)C-MTBE and U-(14)C-TBA to (14)CO(2) and the novel biodegradation of U- (14)C-TAME to (14)CO(2) under oxic and anoxic conditions. The implication of fuel oxygenate attenuation observed in diverse hyporheic zones suggests an assessment of the hyporheic zone attenuation potential (HZAP) merits inclusion as part of site assessment strategies associated with monitored or engineered attenuation.

MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones

USGS Publications Warehouse

Landmeyer, J.E.; Bradley, P.M.; Trego, D.A.; Hale, K.G.; Haas, J.E.

2010-01-01

Groundwater contamination by fuel-related compounds such as the fuel oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) presents a significant issue to managers and consumers of groundwater and surface water that receives groundwater discharge. Four sites were investigated on Long Island, New York, characterized by groundwater contaminated with gasoline and fuel oxygenates that ultimately discharge to fresh, brackish, or saline surface water. For each site, contaminated groundwater discharge zones were delineated using pore water geochemistry data from 15 feet (4.5 m) beneath the bottom of the surface water body in the hyporheic zone and seepage-meter tests were conducted to measure discharge rates. These data when combined indicate that MTBE, TBA, and TAME concentrations in groundwater discharge in a 5-foot (1.5-m) thick section of the hyporheic zone were attenuated between 34% and 95%, in contrast to immeasurable attenuation in the shallow aquifer during contaminant transport between 0.1 and 1.5 miles (0.1 to 2.4 km). The attenuation observed in the hyporheic zone occurred primarily by physical processes such as mixing of groundwater and surface water. Biodegradation also occurred as confirmed in laboratory microcosms by the mineralization of U- 14C-MTBE and U- 14C-TBA to 14CO2 and the novel biodegradation of U- 14C-TAME to 14CO2 under oxic and anoxic conditions. The implication of fuel oxygenate attenuation observed in diverse hyporheic zones suggests an assessment of the hyporheic zone attenuation potential (HZAP) merits inclusion as part of site assessment strategies associated with monitored or engineered attenuation. ?? 2009 National Ground Water Association.

The Effect of Lace-up Ankle Braces on Injury Rates in High School Football Players

PubMed Central

McGuine, Timothy A.; Hetzel, Scott; Wilson, John; Brooks, Alison

2013-01-01

Background Although a nkle injuries occur frequently in high school football players no prospective studies have been performed to determine if wearing lace-up ankle braces will reduce the incidence and severity of ankle and other lower extremity injuries in these athletes. Purpose Determine if lace-up ankle braces reduce the incidence and severity of lower extremity injuries sustained by high school football players. Design Cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods 2081 players from 50 high schools were randomly-assigned to braced or control group. Braced group subjects wore lace-up ankle braces during the 2010 football season. Athletic trainers recorded brace compliance, athletic exposures and injuries. Cox Proportional Hazards models were utilized to compare injury rates between groups. Injury severity (days lost) was tested with Wilcoxon Rank Sum. Results The rate of acute ankle injury (per 1,000 exposures) was 0.48 in the braced group compared to 1.12 in the control group (Cox Hazard Ratio (HR)=0.39, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.24, 0.65, p<0.001). The severity (median days lost) of acute ankle injuries was the same (5 days) in both groups (p=0.985). The rate of acute knee injury was 0.70 in the braced group compared to 0.69 in the control group, (HR=0.92 [0.57, 1.47], p=0.721). There was no difference (p=0.242) in the severity of knee injuries between the groups (controls 11.5 days, braced =17 days. The rate of other lower extremity injuries was 0.95 in the braced group and 1.32 in the control group, (HR=0.72 [0.48, 1.09], p=0.117) while the severity was similar in both groups (6 days versus 7 days, p=0.295). Conclusions Players who used lace-up ankle braces had a lower incidence of acute ankle injuries but no difference in the incidence of acute knee or other lower extremity injuries. Braces did not reduce the severity of ankle, knee or other lower extremity injuries. PMID:21926383

Do mitochondria play a role in remodelling lace plant leaves during programmed cell death?

PubMed

Lord, Christina E N; Wertman, Jaime N; Lane, Stephanie; Gunawardena, Arunika H L A N

2011-06-06

Programmed cell death (PCD) is the regulated death of cells within an organism. The lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis) produces perforations in its leaves through PCD. The leaves of the plant consist of a latticework of longitudinal and transverse veins enclosing areoles. PCD occurs in the cells at the center of these areoles and progresses outwards, stopping approximately five cells from the vasculature. The role of mitochondria during PCD has been recognized in animals; however, it has been less studied during PCD in plants. The following paper elucidates the role of mitochondrial dynamics during developmentally regulated PCD in vivo in A. madagascariensis. A single areole within a window stage leaf (PCD is occurring) was divided into three areas based on the progression of PCD; cells that will not undergo PCD (NPCD), cells in early stages of PCD (EPCD), and cells in late stages of PCD (LPCD). Window stage leaves were stained with the mitochondrial dye MitoTracker Red CMXRos and examined. Mitochondrial dynamics were delineated into four categories (M1-M4) based on characteristics including distribution, motility, and membrane potential (ΔΨm). A TUNEL assay showed fragmented nDNA in a gradient over these mitochondrial stages. Chloroplasts and transvacuolar strands were also examined using live cell imaging. The possible importance of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) formation during PCD was indirectly examined via in vivo cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment. This treatment resulted in lace plant leaves with a significantly lower number of perforations compared to controls, and that displayed mitochondrial dynamics similar to that of non-PCD cells. Results depicted mitochondrial dynamics in vivo as PCD progresses within the lace plant, and highlight the correlation of this organelle with other organelles during developmental PCD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of mitochondria and chloroplasts moving on transvacuolar

Do mitochondria play a role in remodelling lace plant leaves during programmed cell death?

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Programmed cell death (PCD) is the regulated death of cells within an organism. The lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis) produces perforations in its leaves through PCD. The leaves of the plant consist of a latticework of longitudinal and transverse veins enclosing areoles. PCD occurs in the cells at the center of these areoles and progresses outwards, stopping approximately five cells from the vasculature. The role of mitochondria during PCD has been recognized in animals; however, it has been less studied during PCD in plants. Results The following paper elucidates the role of mitochondrial dynamics during developmentally regulated PCD in vivo in A. madagascariensis. A single areole within a window stage leaf (PCD is occurring) was divided into three areas based on the progression of PCD; cells that will not undergo PCD (NPCD), cells in early stages of PCD (EPCD), and cells in late stages of PCD (LPCD). Window stage leaves were stained with the mitochondrial dye MitoTracker Red CMXRos and examined. Mitochondrial dynamics were delineated into four categories (M1-M4) based on characteristics including distribution, motility, and membrane potential (ΔΨm). A TUNEL assay showed fragmented nDNA in a gradient over these mitochondrial stages. Chloroplasts and transvacuolar strands were also examined using live cell imaging. The possible importance of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) formation during PCD was indirectly examined via in vivo cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment. This treatment resulted in lace plant leaves with a significantly lower number of perforations compared to controls, and that displayed mitochondrial dynamics similar to that of non-PCD cells. Conclusions Results depicted mitochondrial dynamics in vivo as PCD progresses within the lace plant, and highlight the correlation of this organelle with other organelles during developmental PCD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of mitochondria and chloroplasts

Hirota equations associated with simply laced affine Lie algebras: The cuspidal class E{sub 6} of e{sub 6}{sup (1)}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dodd, R. K.

2014-02-15

In this paper we derive Hirota equations associated with the simply laced affine Lie algebras g{sup (1)}, where g is one of the simply laced complex Lie algebras a{sub n},d{sub n},e{sub 6},e{sub 7} or e{sub 8}, defined by finite order automorphisms of g which we call Lepowsky automorphisms. In particular, we investigate the Hirota equations for Lepowsky automorphisms of e{sub 6} defined by the cuspidal class E{sub 6} of the Weyl group W(E{sub 6}) of e{sub 6}. We also investigate the relationship between the Lepowsky automorphisms of the simply laced complex Lie algebras g and the conjugate canonical automorphisms definedmore » by Kac. This analysis is applied to identify the canonical automorphisms for the cuspidal class E{sub 6} of e{sub 6}.« less

Field evaluation of systemic imidacloprid for the management of avocado thrips and avocado lace bug in California avocado groves.

PubMed

Byrne, Frank J; Humeres, Eduardo C; Urena, Anthony A; Hoddle, Mark S; Morse, Joseph G

2010-10-01

The efficacy of systemic applications of imidacloprid for the management of avocado thrips and avocado lace bug was determined in field trials. Following insecticide treatment by chemigation, leaves of appropriate age for each insect were sampled over a 6 month period and used for bioassays. Imidacloprid residues were measured by ELISA in leaves used for bioassays to determine concentrations of insecticide that were toxic to both pests. The uptake of imidacloprid into treated trees was extremely slow, peaking in the current year's leaf flush at only 8 ng cm(-2) leaf tissue after 15 weeks. Avocado thrips mortality in bioassays with young flush leaves, the preferred feeding substrate for this insect, was minimal, indicating that imidacloprid concentrations were below threshold levels needed for effective control. Residues present in older leaves, which are preferred by the avocado lace bug, were higher than in young flush leaves, and provided good control of this pest. Probit analysis of bioassay data showed that the avocado lace bug (LC(50) = 6.1 ng imidacloprid cm(-2) leaf tissue) was more susceptible to imidacloprid than the avocado thrips (LC(50) = 73 ng imidacloprid cm(-2) leaf tissue). In spite of the slow uptake of imidacloprid into avocado trees, the levels of imidacloprid would be sufficient to control avocado lace bug infestations. In contrast, the slow uptake would be problematic for avocado thrips control because inadequate levels of insecticide accumulate in new flush foliage and would allow avocado thrips populations to build to levels that would subsequently damage developing avocado fruit.

Lace plant ethylene receptors, AmERS1a and AmERS1c, regulate ethylene-induced programmed cell death during leaf morphogenesis.

PubMed

Rantong, Gaolathe; Evans, Rodger; Gunawardena, Arunika H L A N

2015-10-01

The lace plant, Aponogeton madagascariensis, is an aquatic monocot that forms perforations in its leaves as part of normal leaf development. Perforation formation occurs through developmentally regulated programmed cell death (PCD). The molecular basis of PCD regulation in the lace plant is unknown, however ethylene has been shown to play a significant role. In this study, we examined the role of ethylene receptors during perforation formation. We isolated three lace plant ethylene receptors AmERS1a, AmERS1b and AmERS1c. Using quantitative PCR, we examined their transcript levels at seven stages of leaf development. Through laser-capture microscopy, transcript levels were also determined in cells undergoing PCD and cells not undergoing PCD (NPCD cells). AmERS1a transcript levels were significantly lower in window stage leaves (in which perforation formation and PCD are occurring) as compared to all other leaf developmental stages. AmERS1a and AmERS1c (the most abundant among the three receptors) had the highest transcript levels in mature stage leaves, where PCD is not occurring. Their transcript levels decreased significantly during senescence-associated PCD. AmERS1c had significantly higher transcript levels in NPCD compared to PCD cells. Despite being significantly low in window stage leaves, AmERS1a transcripts were not differentially expressed between PCD and NPCD cells. The results suggested that ethylene receptors negatively regulate ethylene-controlled PCD in the lace plant. A combination of ethylene and receptor levels determines cell fate during perforation formation and leaf senescence. A new model for ethylene emission and receptor expression during lace plant perforation formation and senescence is proposed.

Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) Detects Genetic Structure and Confirms Behavioral QTL in Tame and Aggressive Foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

PubMed Central

Johnson, Jennifer L.; Wittgenstein, Helena; Mitchell, Sharon E.; Hyma, Katie E.; Temnykh, Svetlana V.; Kharlamova, Anastasiya V.; Gulevich, Rimma G.; Vladimirova, Anastasiya V.; Fong, Hiu Wa Flora; Acland, Gregory M.; Trut, Lyudmila N.; Kukekova, Anna V.

2015-01-01

The silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) offers a novel model for studying the genetics of social behavior and animal domestication. Selection of foxes, separately, for tame and for aggressive behavior has yielded two strains with markedly different, genetically determined, behavioral phenotypes. Tame strain foxes are eager to establish human contact while foxes from the aggressive strain are aggressive and difficult to handle. These strains have been maintained as separate outbred lines for over 40 generations but their genetic structure has not been previously investigated. We applied a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to provide insights into the genetic composition of these fox populations. Sequence analysis of EcoT22I genomic libraries of tame and aggressive foxes identified 48,294 high quality SNPs. Population structure analysis revealed genetic divergence between the two strains and more diversity in the aggressive strain than in the tame one. Significant differences in allele frequency between the strains were identified for 68 SNPs. Three of these SNPs were located on fox chromosome 14 within an interval of a previously identified behavioral QTL, further supporting the importance of this region for behavior. The GBS SNP data confirmed that significant genetic diversity has been preserved in both fox populations despite many years of selective breeding. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies in the two populations identified several regions of genetic divergence between the tame and aggressive foxes, some of which may represent targets of selection for behavior. The GBS protocol used in this study significantly expanded genomic resources for the fox, and can be adapted for SNP discovery and genotyping in other canid species. PMID:26061395

Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) Detects Genetic Structure and Confirms Behavioral QTL in Tame and Aggressive Foxes (Vulpes vulpes).

PubMed

Johnson, Jennifer L; Wittgenstein, Helena; Mitchell, Sharon E; Hyma, Katie E; Temnykh, Svetlana V; Kharlamova, Anastasiya V; Gulevich, Rimma G; Vladimirova, Anastasiya V; Fong, Hiu Wa Flora; Acland, Gregory M; Trut, Lyudmila N; Kukekova, Anna V

2015-01-01

The silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) offers a novel model for studying the genetics of social behavior and animal domestication. Selection of foxes, separately, for tame and for aggressive behavior has yielded two strains with markedly different, genetically determined, behavioral phenotypes. Tame strain foxes are eager to establish human contact while foxes from the aggressive strain are aggressive and difficult to handle. These strains have been maintained as separate outbred lines for over 40 generations but their genetic structure has not been previously investigated. We applied a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to provide insights into the genetic composition of these fox populations. Sequence analysis of EcoT22I genomic libraries of tame and aggressive foxes identified 48,294 high quality SNPs. Population structure analysis revealed genetic divergence between the two strains and more diversity in the aggressive strain than in the tame one. Significant differences in allele frequency between the strains were identified for 68 SNPs. Three of these SNPs were located on fox chromosome 14 within an interval of a previously identified behavioral QTL, further supporting the importance of this region for behavior. The GBS SNP data confirmed that significant genetic diversity has been preserved in both fox populations despite many years of selective breeding. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies in the two populations identified several regions of genetic divergence between the tame and aggressive foxes, some of which may represent targets of selection for behavior. The GBS protocol used in this study significantly expanded genomic resources for the fox, and can be adapted for SNP discovery and genotyping in other canid species.

Boundary reflection matrices for nonsimply laced affine Toda field theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kim, J.D.

The boundary reflection matrices for nonsimply laced affine Toda field theories defined on a half line with the Neumann boundary condition are investigated. The boundary reflection matrices for some pairs of the models are evaluated up to one loop order by perturbation theory. Then the exact boundary reflection matrices which are consistent with the one loop result are found under the assumption of {open_quote}{open_quote}duality{close_quote}{close_quote} and tested against algebraic consistency such as the boundary bootstrap equation and boundary crossing-unitarity relation. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

The Vision of "Industrie 4.0" in the Making-a Case of Future Told, Tamed, and Traded.

PubMed

Pfeiffer, Sabine

2017-01-01

Since industrial trade fair Hannover Messe 2011, the term "Industrie 4.0" has ignited a vision of a new Industrial Revolution and has been inspiring a lively, ongoing debate among the German public about the future of work, and hence society, ever since. The discourse around this vision of the future eventually spread to other countries, with public awareness reaching a temporary peak in 2016 when the World Economic Forum's meeting in Davos was held with the motto "Mastering the Fourth Industrial Revolution." How is it possible for a vision originally established by three German engineers to unfold and bear fruit at a global level in such a short period of time? This article begins with a summary of the key ideas that are discussed under the label Industrie 4.0. The main purpose, based on an in-depth discourse analysis, is to debunk the myth about the origin of this powerful vision and to trace the narrative back to the global economic crisis in 2009 and thus to the real actors, central discourse patterns, and hidden intentions of this vision of a new Industrial Revolution. In conclusion, the discourse analysis reveals that this is not a case of visioneering but one of a future told, tamed, and traded.

Particle deposition and clearance of atmospheric particles in the human respiratory tract during LACE 98

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bundke, U.; Hänel, G.

2003-04-01

During the LACE 98footnote{Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment, (Germany) 1998} experiment microphysical, chemical and optical properties of atmospheric particles were measured by several groups. (Bundke et al.). The particle deposition and clearance of the particles in the human respiratory tract was calculated using the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) deposition and clearance model (ICRP 1994). Particle growth as function of relative humidity outside the body was calculated from measurement data using the model introduced by Bundke et al.. Particle growth inside the body was added using a non-equilibrium particle growth model. As a result of the calculations, time series of the total dry particle mass and -size distribution were obtained for all compartments of the human respiratory tract defined by ICRP 1994. The combined ICRP deposition and clearance model was initialized for different probationers like man, woman, children of different ages and several circumstances like light work, sitting, sleeping etc. Keeping the conditions observed during LACE 98 constant a approximation of the aerosol burdens of the different compartments was calculated up to 4 years of exposure and compared to the results from Snipes et al. for the "Phoenix" and "Philadelphia" aerosol. References: footnotesize{ Bundke, U. et al.,it{Aerosol Optical Properties during the Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment (LACE 98)} ,10.1029/2000JD000188, JGR, 2002 ICRP,it{Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection, Bd. ICRP Publication 66}, Annals of the ICRP, 24,1-3, Elsevier Science, Ocford, 1994 Snipes et al. ,it{The 1994 ICRP66 Human Respiratory Tract Model as a Tool for predicting Lung Burdens from Exposure to Environmental Aerosols}, Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 12, 547-553,1997}

Exocrine secretions of the andromeda lace bugStephanitis takeyai (Hemiptera: Tingidae).

PubMed

Oliver, J E; Lusby, W R; Neal, J W

1990-07-01

The four major components of the setal exudate of nymphs of the andromeda lace bug,Stephanitis takeyai, were identified. They are 7-hydroxy-3-nonylchromanone1, the novel 3,5-dihydroxy-2-dodecanoylcyclohex-2-en-1-one2,2',6'-dihydroxydodecanophenone3, and its 3-hydroxy derivative4. Only three species ofStephanitis commonly occur in the United States; withS. takeyai we have now identified the major compounds secreted by each of these species. The individual species of the genus are chemotaxonomically distinct and are characterized by the oxidation states of the secreted compounds.

Customer exposure to MTBE, TAME, C6 alkyl methyl ethers, and benzene during gasoline refueling.

PubMed

Vainiotalo, S; Peltonen, Y; Ruonakangas, A; Pfäffli, P

1999-02-01

We studied customer exposure during refueling by collecting air samples from customers' breathing zone. The measurements were carried out during 4 days in summer 1996 at two Finnish self-service gasoline stations with "stage I" vapor recovery systems. The 95-RON (research octane number) gasoline contained approximately 2.7% methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), approximately 8.5% tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), approximately 3.2% C6 alkyl methyl ethers (C6 AMEs), and 0.75% benzene. The individual exposure concentrations showed a wide log-normal distribution, with low exposures being the most frequent. In over 90% of the samples, the concentration of MTBE was higher (range <0.02-51 mg/m3) than that of TAME. The MTBE values were well below the short-term (15 min) threshold limits set for occupational exposure (250-360 mg/m3). At station A, the geometric mean concentrations in individual samples were 3.9 mg/m3 MTBE and 2. 2 mg/m3 TAME. The corresponding values at station B were 2.4 and 1.7 mg/m3, respectively. The average refueling (sampling) time was 63 sec at station A and 74 sec at station B. No statistically significant difference was observed in customer exposures between the two service stations. The overall geometric means (n = 167) for an adjusted 1-min refueling time were 3.3 mg/m3 MTBE and 1.9 mg/m3 TAME. Each day an integrated breathing zone sample was also collected, corresponding to an arithmetic mean of 20-21 refuelings. The overall arithmetic mean concentrations in the integrated samples (n = 8) were 0.90 mg/m3 for benzene and 0.56 mg/m3 for C6 AMEs calculated as a group. Mean MTBE concentrations in ambient air (a stationary point in the middle of the pump island) were 0.16 mg/m3 for station A and 0.07 mg/m3 for station B. The mean ambient concentrations of TAME, C6 AMEs, and benzene were 0.031 mg/m3, approximately 0.005 mg/m3, and approximately 0.01 mg/m3, respectively, at both stations. The mean wind speed was 1.4 m/sec and mean air temperature was 21

The Wheat Mediator Subunit TaMED25 Interacts with the Transcription Factor TaEIL1 to Negatively Regulate Disease Resistance against Powdery Mildew.

PubMed

Liu, Jie; Zhang, Tianren; Jia, Jizeng; Sun, Jiaqiang

2016-03-01

Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a major limitation for the production of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). However, to date, the transcriptional regulation of bread wheat defense against powdery mildew remains largely unknown. Here, we report the function and molecular mechanism of the bread wheat Mediator subunit 25 (TaMED25) in regulating the bread wheat immune response signaling pathway. Three homoalleles of TaMED25 from bread wheat were identified and mapped to chromosomes 5A, 5B, and 5D, respectively. We show that knockdown of TaMED25 by barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing reduced bread wheat susceptibility to the powdery mildew fungus during the compatible plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, our results indicate that MED25 may play a conserved role in regulating bread wheat and barley (Hordeum vulgare) susceptibility to powdery mildew. Similarly, bread wheat ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 (TaEIL1), an ortholog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3, negatively regulates bread wheat resistance against powdery mildew. Using various approaches, we demonstrate that the conserved activator-interacting domain of TaMED25 interacts physically with the separate amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of TaEIL1, contributing to the transcriptional activation activity of TaEIL1. Furthermore, we show that TaMED25 and TaEIL1 synergistically activate ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 (TaERF1) transcription to modulate bread wheat basal disease resistance to B. graminis f. sp. tritici by repressing the expression of pathogenesis-related genes and deterring the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, we identify the TaMED25-TaEIL1-TaERF1 signaling module as a negative regulator of bread wheat resistance to powdery mildew. © 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.

Taming the Text: Engaging and Supporting Students in Social Studies Readings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fordham, Nancy W.; Wellman, Debra; Sandmann, Alexa

2002-01-01

In this article, the authors offer a selection of strategies that teachers can regularly use to help students tame the difficulties they often encounter with social studies texts for the middle grades. They have taken a thematic approach to the strategies, basing all of them on the topic of Civil War. Furthermore, because the authors are convinced…

"Built-In" Plant Protection: Screening Azalea Cultivars for Resistance to the Azalea Lace Bug, Stephanitis pyrioides

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Azalea Lace bug (ALB) are a major pest of azaleas in the southeast. Adults and nymphs cause visible damage on the upper leaf surface. Host plant resistance to ALB provides “built-in” plant protection and allows for reduced dependency on pesticide applications for both growers and consumers. We have...

The Wheat Mediator Subunit TaMED25 Interacts with the Transcription Factor TaEIL1 to Negatively Regulate Disease Resistance against Powdery Mildew1

PubMed Central

Zhang, Tianren; Jia, Jizeng; Sun, Jiaqiang

2016-01-01

Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a major limitation for the production of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). However, to date, the transcriptional regulation of bread wheat defense against powdery mildew remains largely unknown. Here, we report the function and molecular mechanism of the bread wheat Mediator subunit 25 (TaMED25) in regulating the bread wheat immune response signaling pathway. Three homoalleles of TaMED25 from bread wheat were identified and mapped to chromosomes 5A, 5B, and 5D, respectively. We show that knockdown of TaMED25 by barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing reduced bread wheat susceptibility to the powdery mildew fungus during the compatible plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, our results indicate that MED25 may play a conserved role in regulating bread wheat and barley (Hordeum vulgare) susceptibility to powdery mildew. Similarly, bread wheat ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 (TaEIL1), an ortholog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3, negatively regulates bread wheat resistance against powdery mildew. Using various approaches, we demonstrate that the conserved activator-interacting domain of TaMED25 interacts physically with the separate amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of TaEIL1, contributing to the transcriptional activation activity of TaEIL1. Furthermore, we show that TaMED25 and TaEIL1 synergistically activate ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 (TaERF1) transcription to modulate bread wheat basal disease resistance to B. graminis f. sp. tritici by repressing the expression of pathogenesis-related genes and deterring the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, we identify the TaMED25-TaEIL1-TaERF1 signaling module as a negative regulator of bread wheat resistance to powdery mildew. PMID:26813794

Seasonal food selection and digestibility by tame white-tailed deer in central Maine

Treesearch

Hewlette S. Crawford

1982-01-01

Seasonal food selection and digestibility by tame white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were studied in the white pine (Pinus strobus)–Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and lowland conifer types, areas representative of important deer habitat in the northeastern United States. Deer selected highly...

Customer exposure to MTBE, TAME, C6 alkyl methyl ethers, and benzene during gasoline refueling.

PubMed Central

Vainiotalo, S; Peltonen, Y; Ruonakangas, A; Pfäffli, P

1999-01-01

We studied customer exposure during refueling by collecting air samples from customers' breathing zone. The measurements were carried out during 4 days in summer 1996 at two Finnish self-service gasoline stations with "stage I" vapor recovery systems. The 95-RON (research octane number) gasoline contained approximately 2.7% methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), approximately 8.5% tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), approximately 3.2% C6 alkyl methyl ethers (C6 AMEs), and 0.75% benzene. The individual exposure concentrations showed a wide log-normal distribution, with low exposures being the most frequent. In over 90% of the samples, the concentration of MTBE was higher (range <0.02-51 mg/m3) than that of TAME. The MTBE values were well below the short-term (15 min) threshold limits set for occupational exposure (250-360 mg/m3). At station A, the geometric mean concentrations in individual samples were 3.9 mg/m3 MTBE and 2. 2 mg/m3 TAME. The corresponding values at station B were 2.4 and 1.7 mg/m3, respectively. The average refueling (sampling) time was 63 sec at station A and 74 sec at station B. No statistically significant difference was observed in customer exposures between the two service stations. The overall geometric means (n = 167) for an adjusted 1-min refueling time were 3.3 mg/m3 MTBE and 1.9 mg/m3 TAME. Each day an integrated breathing zone sample was also collected, corresponding to an arithmetic mean of 20-21 refuelings. The overall arithmetic mean concentrations in the integrated samples (n = 8) were 0.90 mg/m3 for benzene and 0.56 mg/m3 for C6 AMEs calculated as a group. Mean MTBE concentrations in ambient air (a stationary point in the middle of the pump island) were 0.16 mg/m3 for station A and 0.07 mg/m3 for station B. The mean ambient concentrations of TAME, C6 AMEs, and benzene were 0.031 mg/m3, approximately 0.005 mg/m3, and approximately 0.01 mg/m3, respectively, at both stations. The mean wind speed was 1.4 m/sec and mean air temperature was 21

TAMEE: data management and analysis for tissue microarrays.

PubMed

Thallinger, Gerhard G; Baumgartner, Kerstin; Pirklbauer, Martin; Uray, Martina; Pauritsch, Elke; Mehes, Gabor; Buck, Charles R; Zatloukal, Kurt; Trajanoski, Zlatko

2007-03-07

With the introduction of tissue microarrays (TMAs) researchers can investigate gene and protein expression in tissues on a high-throughput scale. TMAs generate a wealth of data calling for extended, high level data management. Enhanced data analysis and systematic data management are required for traceability and reproducibility of experiments and provision of results in a timely and reliable fashion. Robust and scalable applications have to be utilized, which allow secure data access, manipulation and evaluation for researchers from different laboratories. TAMEE (Tissue Array Management and Evaluation Environment) is a web-based database application for the management and analysis of data resulting from the production and application of TMAs. It facilitates storage of production and experimental parameters, of images generated throughout the TMA workflow, and of results from core evaluation. Database content consistency is achieved using structured classifications of parameters. This allows the extraction of high quality results for subsequent biologically-relevant data analyses. Tissue cores in the images of stained tissue sections are automatically located and extracted and can be evaluated using a set of predefined analysis algorithms. Additional evaluation algorithms can be easily integrated into the application via a plug-in interface. Downstream analysis of results is facilitated via a flexible query generator. We have developed an integrated system tailored to the specific needs of research projects using high density TMAs. It covers the complete workflow of TMA production, experimental use and subsequent analysis. The system is freely available for academic and non-profit institutions from http://genome.tugraz.at/Software/TAMEE.

The Use of Fry (Embalming Fluid and PCP-Laced Cigarettes or Marijuana Sticks) among Crack Cocaine Smokers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Ronald J.; Williams, Mark; Ross, Michael W.; Atkinson, John; McCurdy, Sherly A.

2009-01-01

Statistics show that the prevalence of crack cocaine use and embalming fluid and phencyclidine (PCP)-laced cigarettes or marijuana sticks, commonly referred to on the street as "fry" or "wet" is a problem; however, the relationship between these substances of abuse and concurrent polydrug use is unknown. In the present study, a…

Evaluation of the impacts of herbivory by lace bugs on Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) survival and physiology

Treesearch

Yanzhuo Zhang; James Hanula; Joseph O' Brien; Scott Horn; Braman Kris; Jianghua Sun

2013-01-01

Biological control of chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense, is the best long-term option for control of this widespread invasive plant in the southeastern USA. A pre-release efficacy assessment was conducted by testing the effects of damage caused by a lace bug, Leptoypha hospita, on potted privet plants in the laboratory. Inoculating...

Adsorption of BTEX, MTBE and TAME on natural and modified diatomite.

PubMed

Aivalioti, Maria; Papoulias, Panagiotis; Kousaiti, Athanasia; Gidarakos, Evangelos

2012-03-15

The removal of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene and m-,p-,o-xylenes), MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) and TAME (tertiary amyl methyl ether) from aqueous solutions by raw, thermally, chemically and both chemically and thermally treated diatomite was studied, through batch adsorption experiments. In total, 14 different diatomite samples were created and tested. Selected physical characteristics of the adsorbents, such as specific surface area and pore volume distribution, were determined. Matrix and competitive adsorption effects were also explored. It was proved that the diatomite samples were effective in removing BTEX, MTBE and TAME from aqueous solutions, with the sample treated with HCl being the most effective, as far as its adsorption capacity and equilibrium time are concerned. Among the contaminants, BTEX appeared to have the strongest affinity, based on mass uptake by the diatomite samples. Matrix effects were proved to be strong, significantly decreasing the adsorption of the contaminants onto diatomite. The kinetics data proved a closer fit to the pseudo second order model, while the isotherm experimental data were a better fit to the Freundlich model. However, the latter produced values of the isotherm constant 1/n greater than one, indicating unfavorable adsorption. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Glass fibre-reinforced composite laced with chlorhexidine digluconate and yeast adhesion.

PubMed

Waltimo, T; Luo, G; Samaranayake, L P; Vallittu, P K

2004-02-01

The aim of this study was to lace dental glass fibre reinforced composite (FRC) prepreg with chlorhexidine digluconate and to examine the adherence of common oral fungal pathogen Candida albicans to FRC made of the prepreg. Four different test and control material groups each comprising 16 test specimens ((5.0 x 5.0 x 0.8) mm3) each were used as substrates for C. albicans adherence. A porous polymer pre-impregnated woven glass fibre prepreg was laced with solution of chlorhexidine gluconate and it was used with autopolymerized denture base polymer to fabricate FRC test specimens. Control group (Group 1) consisted of FRC test specimens stored in water. In Group 2, the test specimens were stored in 10% chlorhexidine digluconate solution for 24 h. Group 3 consisted of specimens fabricated using such fibre reinforcements which were pre-soaked in 20% chlorhexidine digluconate and dried before preparation with denture base resin, and followed by storage of the specimens in water. Group 4 was similar to Group 3 but instead of water storage the specimens were immersed in 10% chlorhexidine digluconate for 24 h. For the candidal adhesion assay the test and control specimens were incubated in standardized suspensions of four different strains of C. albicans, rinsed and prepared for light-microscopy. The mean number of adherent cells in each group was counted microscopically and analysed statistically. There were significantly (P < 0.05) more adherent C. albicans cells found in Group 1 than in the other three groups which did not differ significantly from each other. The lowest numbers of adherent cells were found in Group 3. Pretreating the porous polymer pre-impregnated glass fibre reinforcement with chlorhexidine digluconate result in reduction in the number of adherent yeast cells on the surface FRC material.

"The Taming of the Shrew." A Play Packet To Accompany "Elementary, My Dear Shakespeare."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engen, Barbara; Campbell, Joy

Intended for use by elementary school teachers as a supplement to the book, "Elementary, My Dear Shakespeare," or for use by itself to produce one Shakespeare play, this play packet contains ready-to-reproduce materials for the production of "The Taming of the Shrew." Materials include: staging suggestions for scenery, props,…

Monte Carlo study of exact {ital S}-matrix duality in nonsimply laced affine Toda theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beccaria, M.

The ({ital g}{sub 2}{sup (1)},{ital d}{sub 4}{sup (3)}) pair of nonsimply laced affine Toda theories is studied from the point of view of nonperturbative duality. The classical spectrum of each member is composed of two massive scalar particles. The exact {ital S}-matrix prediction for the dual behavior of the coupling-dependent mass ratio is found to be in strong agreement with Monte Carlo data. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

Exposure to MTBE, TAME and aromatic hydrocarbons during gasoline pump maintenance, repair and inspection.

PubMed

Vainiotalo, Sinikka; Kuusimäki, Leea; Pekari, Kaija

2006-09-01

The exposure of gasoline pump repairers and inspectors to gasoline was studied at service stations and repair shops in Finland in April-June 2004. The average air temperature ranged from 7 degrees C to 16 degrees C and wind speed from 2.5 to 7 m/s. The gasoline blends contained mixtures of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), the total content of oxygenates being 11-12%. The content of benzene was <1%. Breathing zone air was collected during the work task using passive monitors. The mean sampling period was 4.5 h. The mean TWA-8 h concentrations for MTBE, TAME, hexane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene were 4.5, 1.3, 0.55, 0.23, 2.2, 0.26 and 1.1 mg/m3, respectively. None of the individual benzene concentrations exceeded the binding limit value for benzene (3.25 mg/m3). The sum concentration of MTBE and TAME in urine was between 8.9 and 530 nmol/l in individual post-shift samples. The individual sum concentrations of the metabolites tert-butyl alcohol and tert-amyl alcohol collected the following morning after the exposure ranged from 81 to 916 nmol/l. All individual results were below corresponding biological action levels. Exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons was estimated from post-shift urine samples, with benzene showing the highest concentration (range 4.4 and 35 nmol/l in non-smokers). The exposure levels were similar to those measured in previous studies during unloading of tanker lorries and railway wagons. The results indicated a slightly higher exposure for inspectors, who calibrated fuel pump gauges at the service stations, than for pump repairers. No significant skin exposure occurred during the study.

Taming the River: Negotiating the Academic, Financial, and Social Currents in Selective Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Charles, Camille Z.; Fischer, Mary J.; Mooney, Margarita A.; Massey, Douglas S.

2009-01-01

Building on their important findings in "The Source of the River," the authors now probe even more deeply into minority underachievement at the college level. "Taming the River" examines the academic and social dynamics of different ethnic groups during the first two years of college. Focusing on racial differences in academic performance, the…

Occurrence of lace bug Vatiga illudens and Vatiga manihotae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil.

PubMed

Bellon, Patrícia P; Wengrat, Ana P G S; Kassab, Samir O; Pietrowski, Vanda; Loureiro, Elisângela S

2012-09-01

Nymphs and adults of the lace bug (Hemiptera: Tingidae) have been found in cassava crops (Manihot esculenta) in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The insects were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory where they were identified based on some morphological traits of the species Vatiga manihotae (Drake) and V. illudens (Drake), which are first reported in the aforementioned state.

School-based obesity prevention: a blueprint for taming the epidemic.

PubMed

Baranowski, Tom; Cullen, Karen W; Nicklas, Theresa; Thompson, Deborah; Baranowski, Janice

2002-01-01

To review the literature on school-based obesity prevention programs to identify what can be done to minimize the increasing levels of obesity. Twenty articles reporting school-based dietary or physical activity change programs were identified that used BMI or skinfolds as part of the evaluation. Seven studies obtained change in BMI and differed from those not finding change in 3 ways: program implementers were not classroom teachers; intervention targeted middle or high schools; and inactivity reduction was promoted. An 8-step research strategy was delineated to develop and evaluate programs with a maximum chance of taming the obesity epidemic.

Quantum trilogy: discrete Toda, Y-system and chaos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamazaki, Masahito

2018-02-01

We discuss a discretization of the quantum Toda field theory associated with a semisimple finite-dimensional Lie algebra or a tamely-laced infinite-dimensional Kac-Moody algebra G, generalizing the previous construction of discrete quantum Liouville theory for the case G  =  A 1. The model is defined on a discrete two-dimensional lattice, whose spatial direction is of length L. In addition we also find a ‘discretized extra dimension’ whose width is given by the rank r of G, which decompactifies in the large r limit. For the case of G  =  A N or AN-1(1) , we find a symmetry exchanging L and N under appropriate spatial boundary conditions. The dynamical time evolution rule of the model is quantizations of the so-called Y-system, and the theory can be well described by the quantum cluster algebra. We discuss possible implications for recent discussions of quantum chaos, and comment on the relation with the quantum higher Teichmüller theory of type A N .

Simple training tricks for mastering and taming bypass procedures in neurosurgery

PubMed Central

Hafez, Ahmad; Raj, Rahul; Lawton, Michael T.; Niemelä, Mika

2017-01-01

Background: Neurosurgeons devoted to bypass neurosurgery or revascularization neurosurgery are becoming scarcer. From a practical point of view, “bypass neurosurgeons” are anastomosis makers, vessels technicians, and time-racing repairers of vessel walls. This requires understanding the key features and hidden tricks of bypass surgery. The goal of this paper is to provide simple and inexpensive tricks for taming the art of bypass neurosurgery. Most of these tricks and materials described can be borrowed, donated, or purchased inexpensively. Methods: We performed a review of relevant training materials and recorded videos for training bypass procedures for 3 years between June 2014 and July 2017. In total, 1,300 training bypass procedures were performed, of which 200 procedures were chosen for this paper. Results: A training laboratory bypass procedures is required to enable a neurosurgeon to develop the necessary skills. The important skills for training bypass procedures gained through meticulous practice to be as reflexes are coordination, speed, agility, flexibility, and reaction time. Bypassing requires synchronization between the surgeon's gross movements, fine motoric skills, and mental strength. The suturing rhythm must be timed in a brain–body–hand fashion. Conclusion: Bypass-training is a critical part of neurosurgical training and not for a selected few. Diligent and meticulous training can enable every neurosurgeon to tame the art of bypass neurosurgery. This requires understanding the key features and hidden tricks of bypass surgery, as well as uncountable hours of training. In bypass neurosurgery, quality and time goes hand in hand. PMID:29285411

[Comparative Analysis of Behavior in The Open-field Test in Wild Grey Rats (Rattus norvegicus) and in Grey Rats Subjected to Prolonged Selection for Tame And Aggressive Behavior].

PubMed

Kozhemyakina, R V; Konoshenko, M Yu; Sakharov, D G; Smagin, D A; Markel, A L

2016-01-01

The aim of this work is analysis of the open-field behavior in grey rats selected for the tame and aggressive behavior in comparison with the wild grey rats. Significant influences of the rat group factor on the 13 of 19 behavioral features studied in the open-field were found. This effect, in general, depends on existence of great differences between behaviors of the wild rats from the one hand and behaviors of the tame and aggressive rats from the other. The behaviors of the rats from the last two groups are practically identical. Multidimensional analysis confirms the distinct separation in coordinates of the two main components of the wild rat behavior from the behavior of both the tame and selectively bred aggressive rats. The first main component dimension corresponds to the grade of fear, which was significantly enhanced in the wild rats. So, in spite of the equality of behavioral aggressiveness of the wild rats and the rats selected for aggression with the glove test, the behavior of selected aggressive rats in the open-field is analogous to behavior of the rats selected for tameness. Comparison of behavioral features with the hormonal stress responsiveness allowed us to conclude that the aggressive behavior of the wild and se lected for aggression rats based on different motivational and neuroendocrine processes.

They tamed the photon: early days of radiation dosimetry.

PubMed

Patterson, John R

2017-03-01

This article is a tribute to the many physicists who tamed the photon in the service of mankind. Many received Nobel Prizes and other high awards. Several have units named after them. Some invented the equipment we use. Some sacrificed their lives before the hazards and benefits of radiation were fully understood. I discuss the progress over 120 years, both theoretical and technical, in the development of radiation protection regulations based on quantitative measurements and a consistent set of units, the gray and sievert. It is an expanded version of a recent talk I gave at the ISHRAD (International Society for the History of Radiology) meeting in Würzburg which commemorated the 120th anniversary of the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Rōntgen.

Sequence comparison of prefrontal cortical brain transcriptome from a tame and an aggressive silver fox (Vulpes vulpes).

PubMed

Kukekova, Anna V; Johnson, Jennifer L; Teiling, Clotilde; Li, Lewyn; Oskina, Irina N; Kharlamova, Anastasiya V; Gulevich, Rimma G; Padte, Ravee; Dubreuil, Michael M; Vladimirova, Anastasiya V; Shepeleva, Darya V; Shikhevich, Svetlana G; Sun, Qi; Ponnala, Lalit; Temnykh, Svetlana V; Trut, Lyudmila N; Acland, Gregory M

2011-10-03

Two strains of the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes), with markedly different behavioral phenotypes, have been developed by long-term selection for behavior. Foxes from the tame strain exhibit friendly behavior towards humans, paralleling the sociability of canine puppies, whereas foxes from the aggressive strain are defensive and exhibit aggression to humans. To understand the genetic differences underlying these behavioral phenotypes fox-specific genomic resources are needed. cDNA from mRNA from pre-frontal cortex of a tame and an aggressive fox was sequenced using the Roche 454 FLX Titanium platform (> 2.5 million reads & 0.9 Gbase of tame fox sequence; >3.3 million reads & 1.2 Gbase of aggressive fox sequence). Over 80% of the fox reads were assembled into contigs. Mapping fox reads against the fox transcriptome assembly and the dog genome identified over 30,000 high confidence fox-specific SNPs. Fox transcripts for approximately 14,000 genes were identified using SwissProt and the dog RefSeq databases. An at least 2-fold expression difference between the two samples (p < 0.05) was observed for 335 genes, fewer than 3% of the total number of genes identified in the fox transcriptome. Transcriptome sequencing significantly expanded genomic resources available for the fox, a species without a sequenced genome. In a very cost efficient manner this yielded a large number of fox-specific SNP markers for genetic studies and provided significant insights into the gene expression profile of the fox pre-frontal cortex; expression differences between the two fox samples; and a catalogue of potentially important gene-specific sequence variants. This result demonstrates the utility of this approach for developing genomic resources in species with limited genomic information.

Sequence comparison of prefrontal cortical brain transcriptome from a tame and an aggressive silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Two strains of the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes), with markedly different behavioral phenotypes, have been developed by long-term selection for behavior. Foxes from the tame strain exhibit friendly behavior towards humans, paralleling the sociability of canine puppies, whereas foxes from the aggressive strain are defensive and exhibit aggression to humans. To understand the genetic differences underlying these behavioral phenotypes fox-specific genomic resources are needed. Results cDNA from mRNA from pre-frontal cortex of a tame and an aggressive fox was sequenced using the Roche 454 FLX Titanium platform (> 2.5 million reads & 0.9 Gbase of tame fox sequence; >3.3 million reads & 1.2 Gbase of aggressive fox sequence). Over 80% of the fox reads were assembled into contigs. Mapping fox reads against the fox transcriptome assembly and the dog genome identified over 30,000 high confidence fox-specific SNPs. Fox transcripts for approximately 14,000 genes were identified using SwissProt and the dog RefSeq databases. An at least 2-fold expression difference between the two samples (p < 0.05) was observed for 335 genes, fewer than 3% of the total number of genes identified in the fox transcriptome. Conclusions Transcriptome sequencing significantly expanded genomic resources available for the fox, a species without a sequenced genome. In a very cost efficient manner this yielded a large number of fox-specific SNP markers for genetic studies and provided significant insights into the gene expression profile of the fox pre-frontal cortex; expression differences between the two fox samples; and a catalogue of potentially important gene-specific sequence variants. This result demonstrates the utility of this approach for developing genomic resources in species with limited genomic information. PMID:21967120

Integrating automated support for a software management cycle into the TAME system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sunazuka, Toshihiko; Basili, Victor R.

1989-01-01

Software managers are interested in the quantitative management of software quality, cost and progress. An integrated software management methodology, which can be applied throughout the software life cycle for any number purposes, is required. The TAME (Tailoring A Measurement Environment) methodology is based on the improvement paradigm and the goal/question/metric (GQM) paradigm. This methodology helps generate a software engineering process and measurement environment based on the project characteristics. The SQMAR (software quality measurement and assurance technology) is a software quality metric system and methodology applied to the development processes. It is based on the feed forward control principle. Quality target setting is carried out before the plan-do-check-action activities are performed. These methodologies are integrated to realize goal oriented measurement, process control and visual management. A metric setting procedure based on the GQM paradigm, a management system called the software management cycle (SMC), and its application to a case study based on NASA/SEL data are discussed. The expected effects of SMC are quality improvement, managerial cost reduction, accumulation and reuse of experience, and a highly visual management reporting system.

Taming the BEAST—A Community Teaching Material Resource for BEAST 2

PubMed Central

Barido-Sottani, Joëlle; Bošková, Veronika; Plessis, Louis Du; Kühnert, Denise; Magnus, Carsten; Mitov, Venelin; Müller, Nicola F.; PečErska, Jūlija; Rasmussen, David A.; Zhang, Chi; Drummond, Alexei J.; Heath, Tracy A.; Pybus, Oliver G.; Vaughan, Timothy G.; Stadler, Tanja

2018-01-01

Abstract Phylogenetics and phylodynamics are central topics in modern evolutionary biology. Phylogenetic methods reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among organisms, whereas phylodynamic approaches reveal the underlying diversification processes that lead to the observed relationships. These two fields have many practical applications in disciplines as diverse as epidemiology, developmental biology, palaeontology, ecology, and linguistics. The combination of increasingly large genetic data sets and increases in computing power is facilitating the development of more sophisticated phylogenetic and phylodynamic methods. Big data sets allow us to answer complex questions. However, since the required analyses are highly specific to the particular data set and question, a black-box method is not sufficient anymore. Instead, biologists are required to be actively involved with modeling decisions during data analysis. The modular design of the Bayesian phylogenetic software package BEAST 2 enables, and in fact enforces, this involvement. At the same time, the modular design enables computational biology groups to develop new methods at a rapid rate. A thorough understanding of the models and algorithms used by inference software is a critical prerequisite for successful hypothesis formulation and assessment. In particular, there is a need for more readily available resources aimed at helping interested scientists equip themselves with the skills to confidently use cutting-edge phylogenetic analysis software. These resources will also benefit researchers who do not have access to similar courses or training at their home institutions. Here, we introduce the “Taming the Beast” (https://taming-the-beast.github.io/) resource, which was developed as part of a workshop series bearing the same name, to facilitate the usage of the Bayesian phylogenetic software package BEAST 2. PMID:28673048

Taming Big Data Variety in the Earth Observing System Data and Information System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynnes, Christopher; Walter, Jeff

2015-01-01

Although the volume of the remote sensing data managed by the Earth Observing System Data and Information System is formidable, an oft-overlooked challenge is the variety of data. The diversity in satellite instruments, science disciplines and user communities drives cost as much or more as the data volume. Several strategies are used to tame this variety: data allocation to distinct centers of expertise; a common metadata repository for discovery, data format standards and conventions; and services that further abstract the variations in data.

Taming the BEAST-A Community Teaching Material Resource for BEAST 2.

PubMed

Barido-Sottani, Joëlle; Bošková, Veronika; Plessis, Louis Du; Kühnert, Denise; Magnus, Carsten; Mitov, Venelin; Müller, Nicola F; PecErska, Julija; Rasmussen, David A; Zhang, Chi; Drummond, Alexei J; Heath, Tracy A; Pybus, Oliver G; Vaughan, Timothy G; Stadler, Tanja

2018-01-01

Phylogenetics and phylodynamics are central topics in modern evolutionary biology. Phylogenetic methods reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among organisms, whereas phylodynamic approaches reveal the underlying diversification processes that lead to the observed relationships. These two fields have many practical applications in disciplines as diverse as epidemiology, developmental biology, palaeontology, ecology, and linguistics. The combination of increasingly large genetic data sets and increases in computing power is facilitating the development of more sophisticated phylogenetic and phylodynamic methods. Big data sets allow us to answer complex questions. However, since the required analyses are highly specific to the particular data set and question, a black-box method is not sufficient anymore. Instead, biologists are required to be actively involved with modeling decisions during data analysis. The modular design of the Bayesian phylogenetic software package BEAST 2 enables, and in fact enforces, this involvement. At the same time, the modular design enables computational biology groups to develop new methods at a rapid rate. A thorough understanding of the models and algorithms used by inference software is a critical prerequisite for successful hypothesis formulation and assessment. In particular, there is a need for more readily available resources aimed at helping interested scientists equip themselves with the skills to confidently use cutting-edge phylogenetic analysis software. These resources will also benefit researchers who do not have access to similar courses or training at their home institutions. Here, we introduce the "Taming the Beast" (https://taming-the-beast.github.io/) resource, which was developed as part of a workshop series bearing the same name, to facilitate the usage of the Bayesian phylogenetic software package BEAST 2. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic

New Vocabulary: Araneiform and Lace Terrains

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2007-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] [figure removed for brevity, see original site] Figure 1Figure 2

The south polar terrain on Mars contains landforms unlike any that we see on Earth, so much that a new vocabulary is required to describe them. The word 'araneiform' means 'spider-like.' There are radially organized channels on Mars that look spider-like, but we don't want to confuse anyone by talking about 'spiders' when we really mean 'channels,' not 'bugs.'

The first subimage (figure 1) shows an example of 'connected araneiform topography,' terrain that is filled with spider-like channels whose arms branch and connect to each other. Gas flows through these channels until it encounters a vent, where is escapes out to the atmosphere, carrying dust along with it. The dark dust is blown around by the prevailing wind.

The second subimage (figure 2) shows a different region of the same image where the channels are not radially organized. In this region they form a dense tangled network of tortuous strands. We refer to this as 'lace.'

Observation Geometry Image PSP_002651_0930 was taken by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft on 18-Feb-2007. The complete image is centered at -86.9 degrees latitude, 97.2 degrees East longitude. The range to the target site was 268.7 km (167.9 miles). At this distance the image scale is 53.8 cm/pixel (with 2 x 2 binning) so objects 161 cm across are resolved. The image shown here has been map-projected to 50 cm/pixel . The image was taken at a local Mars time of 04:56 PM and the scene is illuminated from the west with a solar incidence angle of 86 degrees, thus the sun was about 4 degrees above the horizon. At a solar longitude of 186.4 degrees, the season on Mars is Northern Autumn.

Review of the New World Tigava lace bug complex (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), with the description of two new genera and two new species and a key to genera

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The lace bug (Tingidae) genera belonging to the New World Tigava complex are reviewed. The two new genera and new species Mexicotingis brailovskyi, from Mexico, and Paraceratotingis convergens, from Venezuela, are described. Diagnoses, descriptions, and digital color photographs of the new taxa, d...

The pathway of cell dismantling during programmed cell death in lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis) leaves.

PubMed

Wertman, Jaime; Lord, Christina En; Dauphinee, Adrian N; Gunawardena, Arunika Hlan

2012-07-25

Developmentally regulated programmed cell death (PCD) is the controlled death of cells that occurs throughout the life cycle of both plants and animals. The lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis) forms perforations between longitudinal and transverse veins in spaces known as areoles, via developmental PCD; cell death begins in the center of these areoles and develops towards the margin, creating a gradient of PCD. This gradient was examined using both long- and short-term live cell imaging, in addition to histochemical staining, in order to establish the order of cellular events that occur during PCD. The first visible change observed was the reduction in anthocyanin pigmentation, followed by initial chloroplast changes and the bundling of actin microfilaments. At this stage, an increased number of transvacuolar strands (TVS) was evident. Perhaps concurrently with this, increased numbers of vesicles, small mitochondrial aggregates, and perinuclear accumulation of both chloroplasts and mitochondria were observed. The invagination of the tonoplast membrane and the presence of vesicles, both containing organelle materials, suggested evidence for both micro- and macro-autophagy, respectively. Mitochondrial aggregates, as well as individual chloroplasts were subsequently seen undergoing Brownian motion in the vacuole. Following these changes, fragmentation of nuclear DNA, breakdown of actin microfilaments and early cell wall changes were detected. The vacuole then swelled, causing nuclear displacement towards the plasma membrane (PM) and tonoplast rupture followed closely, indicating mega-autophagy. Subsequent to tonoplast rupture, cessation of Brownian motion occurred, as well as the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), nuclear shrinkage and PM collapse. Timing from tonoplast rupture to PM collapse was approximately 20 minutes. The entire process from initial chlorophyll reduction to PM collapse took approximately 48 hours. Approximately six hours

Feasibility of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open colorectal surgery in the acute setting: the LaCeS feasibility trial protocol.

PubMed

Harji, Deena; Marshall, Helen; Gordon, Katie; Crow, Hannah; Hiley, Victoria; Burke, Dermot; Griffiths, Ben; Moriarty, Catherine; Twiddy, Maureen; O'Dwyer, John L; Verjee, Azmina; Brown, Julia; Sagar, Peter

2018-02-22

Acute colorectal surgery forms a significant proportion of emergency admissions within the National Health Service. There is limited evidence to suggest minimally invasive surgery may be associated with improved clinical outcomes in this cohort of patients. Consequently, there is a need to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery in the acute colorectal setting. However,emergency colorectal surgical trials have previously been difficult to conduct due to issues surrounding recruitment and equipoise. The LaCeS (randomised controlled trial of Laparoscopic versus open Colorectal Surgery in the acute setting) feasibility trial will determine the feasibility of conducting a definitive, phase III trial of laparoscopic versus open acute colorectal resection. The LaCeS feasibility trial is a prospective, multicentre, single-blinded, parallel group, pragmatic randomised controlled feasibility trial. Patients will be randomised on a 1:1 basis to receive eitherlaparoscopic or open surgery. The trial aims to recruit at least 66 patients from five acute general surgical units across the UK. Patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of acute colorectal pathology requiring resection on clinical and radiological/endoscopic investigations, with a National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death classification of urgent will be considered eligible for participation. The primary outcome is recruitment. Secondary outcomes include assessing the safety profile of laparoscopic surgery using intraoperative and postoperative complication rates, conversion rates and patient-safety indicators as surrogate markers. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes will also be reported. The trial will contain an embedded qualitative study to assess clinician and patient acceptability of trial processes. The LaCeS feasibility trial is approved by the Yorkshire and The Humber, Bradford Leeds Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 15/ YH/0542). The

Investigations on Torsion of the Two-Chords Single Laced Members

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lorkowski, Paweł; Gosowski, Bronisław

2017-06-01

The paper presents experimental and numerical studies to determine the equivalent second moment of area of the uniform torsion of the two-chord steel single laced members. The members are used as poles of railway traction network gates, and steel columns of framed buildings as well. The stiffness of uniform torsion of this kind of columns allows to the determine the critical loads of the spatial stability. The experimental studies have been realized on a single - span members with rotation arrested at their ends, loaded by a torque applied at the mid-span. The relationship between angle of rotation of the considered cross-section and the torque has been determined. Appropriate numerical model was created in the ABAQUS program, based on the finite element method. A very good compatibility has been observed between experimental and numerical studies. The equivalent second moment of area of the uniform torsion for analysed members has been determined by comparing the experimental and analytical results to those obtained from differential equation of non-uniform torsion, based on Vlasov's theory. Additionally, the parametric analyses of similar members subjected to the uniform torsion, for the richer range of cross-sections have been carried out by the means of SOFiSTiK program. The purpose of the latter was determining parametrical formulas for calculation of the second moment of area of uniform torsion.

Taming a Tiger in the City: Comparison of Motorized Backpack Applications and Source Reduction Against the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

TAMING A TIGER IN THE CITY: COMPARISON OF MOTORIZED BACKPACK APPLICATIONS AND SOURCE REDUCTION AGAINST THE ASIAN TIGER MOSQUITO, AEDES ALBOPICTUS...FONSECA2 AND ARY FARAJOLLAHI2,3,7 ABSTRACT. We evaluated 2 strategies to manage Aedes albopictus: 1) motorized backpack applications and 2) source...the community level. KEY WORDS Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, Bti, methoprene, hand applications, backpack applications INTRODUCTION Aedes

Exercising Tactically for Taming Postmeal Glucose Surges.

PubMed

Chacko, Elsamma

2016-01-01

This review seeks to synthesize data on the timing, intensity, and duration of exercise found scattered over some 39 studies spanning 3+ decades into optimal exercise conditions for controlling postmeal glucose surges. The results show that a light aerobic exercise for 60 min or moderate activity for 20-30 min starting 30 min after meal can efficiently blunt the glucose surge, with minimal risk of hypoglycemia. Exercising at other times could lead to glucose elevation caused by counterregulation. Adding a short bout of resistance exercise of moderate intensity (60%-80%  VO2max) to the aerobic activity, 2 or 3 times a week as recommended by the current guidelines, may also help with the lowering of glucose surges. On the other hand, high-intensity exercise (>80%  VO2max) causes wide glucose fluctuations and its feasibility and efficacy for glucose regulation remain to be ascertained. Promoting the kind of physical activity that best counters postmeal hyperglycemia is crucial because hundreds of millions of diabetes patients living in developing countries and in the pockets of poverty in the West must do without medicines, supplies, and special diets. Physical activity is the one tool they may readily utilize to tame postmeal glucose surges. Exercising in this manner does not violate any of the current guidelines, which encourage exercise any time.

A rare 3D chloro-laced Mn(II) metal-organic framework to show sensitive probing effect to Hg2+

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ming, Mei; Bai, Na

2017-10-01

Two 3D Mn(II) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Mn(L-Cl)(DMA)](H2O) (1) and Mn(L-CH3)(DMA) (2) (H2L-Cl = 2,2'-dichloro-4,4'-azodibenzoic acid, H2L-CH3 = 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-azodibenzoic acid) were synthesized under similar solvothermal condition. Both MOFs crystallize in the orthorhombic system and show the 3D rod-packing networks in 2-fold interpenetrated pattern with sra topology. Due to the different substituent laces of MOFs (-Cl vs -CH3), only MOF 1 shows highly selective and sensitive fluorescence sensing effect for detecting Hg2+ ion.

Development of background-free tame fluorescent probes for intracellular live cell imaging

PubMed Central

Alamudi, Samira Husen; Satapathy, Rudrakanta; Kim, Jihyo; Su, Dongdong; Ren, Haiyan; Das, Rajkumar; Hu, Lingna; Alvarado-Martínez, Enrique; Lee, Jung Yeol; Hoppmann, Christian; Peña-Cabrera, Eduardo; Ha, Hyung-Ho; Park, Hee-Sung; Wang, Lei; Chang, Young-Tae

2016-01-01

Fluorescence labelling of an intracellular biomolecule in native living cells is a powerful strategy to achieve in-depth understanding of the biomolecule's roles and functions. Besides being nontoxic and specific, desirable labelling probes should be highly cell permeable without nonspecific interactions with other cellular components to warrant high signal-to-noise ratio. While it is critical, rational design for such probes is tricky. Here we report the first predictive model for cell permeable background-free probe development through optimized lipophilicity, water solubility and charged van der Waals surface area. The model was developed by utilizing high-throughput screening in combination with cheminformatics. We demonstrate its reliability by developing CO-1 and AzG-1, a cyclooctyne- and azide-containing BODIPY probe, respectively, which specifically label intracellular target organelles and engineered proteins with minimum background. The results provide an efficient strategy for development of background-free probes, referred to as ‘tame' probes, and novel tools for live cell intracellular imaging. PMID:27321135

Taming axial dispersion in hydrodynamic chromatography columns through wall patterning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adrover, Alessandra; Cerbelli, Stefano; Giona, Massimiliano

2018-04-01

A well-known limitation of hydrodynamic chromatography arises from the synergistic interaction between transverse diffusion and streamwise convection, which enhances axial dispersion through the Taylor-Aris mechanism. We show that a periodic sequence of slip/no-slip conditions at the channel walls (e.g., representing wall indentations hosting stable air pockets) can significantly reduce axial dispersion, thus enhancing separation performance. The theoretical/numerical analysis is based on a generalization of Brenner's macrotransport approach to solute transport, here modified to account for the finite-size of the suspended particles. The most effective dispersion-taming outcome is observed when the alternating sequence of slip/no-slip conditions yields non-vanishing cross-sectional flow components. The combination of these components with the hindering interaction between the channel boundaries and the finite-sized particles gives rise to a non-trivial solution of Brenner's problem on the unit periodic cell, where the cross-sectional particle number density departs from the spatially homogeneous condition. In turn, this effect impacts upon the solution of the so-called b-field defining the large-scale dispersion tensor, with an overall decremental effect on the axial dispersion coefficient and on the Height Equivalent of a Theoretical Plate.

Spin Dynamics in the electron-doped high-Tc superconductors Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-δ

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dai, Pengcheng

2007-03-01

We briefly review results of recent neutron scattering experiments designed to probe the evolution of antiferromagnetic (AF) order and spin dynamics in the electron- doped Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-δ (PLCCO) as the system is tuned from its as-grown non-superconducting AF state into an optimally doped superconductor (Tc = 27.5 K) without static AF order [1-3]. For under doped materials, a quasi-two- dimensional spin-density wave was found to coexist with three- dimensional AF order and superconductivity. In addition, the low-energy spin excitations follow Bose statistics. In the case of optimally doped material, we have discovered a magnetic resonance intimately related to superconductivity analogous to the resonance in hole-doped materials. On the other hand, the low energy spin excitations have very weak temperature dependence and do not follow Bose statistics, in sharp contrast to the as-grown nonsuperconducting materials. 1 Stephen D. Wilson, Pengcheng Dai, Shiliang Li, Songxue Chi, H. J. Kang, and J. W. Lynn, Nature (London) 442, 59 (2006). 2 Stephen D. Wilson, Shiliang Li, Hyungje Woo, Pengcheng Dai, H. A. Mook, C. D. Frost, S. Komiya, and Y. Ando, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 157001 (2006). 3. Stephen D. Wilson, Shiliang Li, Pengcheng Dai, Wei Bao, J. H. Chung, H. J. Kang, S.-H. Lee, S. Komiya, and Y. Ando, Phys. Rev. B 74, 144514 (2006).

Tale taming radioactive fears: Linking nuclear waste disposal to the "continuum of the good".

PubMed

Yli-Kauhaluoma, Sari; Hänninen, Hannu

2014-04-01

We examine how the constructor of the world's first repository for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel in Eurajoki, Finland, aims to shape lay understanding of the facility's risks and to tame the nuclear fears of the local community by producing positive associations, imagery and tales. Our empirical material consists of the constructor's newsletters targeted mainly at the local residents. In the narrative analysis, we identified a storyline where the construction of the repository is linked into the "continuum of the good" in the municipality of the construction site and the surrounding areas. The storyline consists of five different themes all emphasizing the "continuum of the good" in the area: cultural heritage, well-being, developing expertise, natural environment, and local families. Our study contributes to the literature on pro-nuclear storytelling by showing how the inclination is towards narratives that are constructed around local symbols, cultural landmarks, and institutions.

Vapor intrusion risk of fuel ether oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE): A modeling study.

PubMed

Ma, Jie; Xiong, Desen; Li, Haiyan; Ding, Yi; Xia, Xiangcheng; Yang, Yongqi

2017-06-15

Vapor intrusion of synthetic fuel additives represents a critical yet still neglected problem at sites contaminated by petroleum fuel releases. This study used an advanced numerical model to investigate the vapor intrusion potential of fuel ether oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE). Simulated indoor air concentration of these compounds can exceed USEPA indoor air screening level for MTBE (110μg/m 3 ). Our results also reveal that MTBE has much higher chance to cause vapor intrusion problems than TAME and ETBE. This study supports the statements made by USEPA in the Petroleum Vapor Intrusion (PVI) Guidance that the vertical screening criteria for petroleum hydrocarbons may not provide sufficient protectiveness for fuel additives, and ether oxygenates in particular. In addition to adverse impacts on human health, ether oxygenate vapor intrusion may also cause aesthetic problems (i.e., odour and flavour). Overall, this study points out that ether oxygenates can cause vapor intrusion problems. We recommend that USEPA consider including the field measurement data of synthetic fuel additives in the existing PVI database and possibly revising the PVI Guidance as necessary. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Zealots tame oscillations in the spatial rock-paper-scissors game

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szolnoki, Attila; Perc, Matjaž

2016-06-01

The rock-paper-scissors game is a paradigmatic model for biodiversity, with applications ranging from microbial populations to human societies. Research has shown, however, that mobility jeopardizes biodiversity by promoting the formation of spiral waves, especially if there is no conservation law in place for the total number of competing players. First, we show that even if such a conservation law applies, mobility still jeopardizes biodiversity in the spatial rock-paper-scissors game if only a small fraction of links of the square lattice is randomly rewired. Secondly, we show that zealots are very effective in taming the amplitude of oscillations that emerge due to mobility and/or interaction randomness, and this regardless of whether the later is quenched or annealed. While even a tiny fraction of zealots brings significant benefits, at 5% occupancy zealots practically destroy all oscillations regardless of the intensity of mobility, and regardless of the type and strength of randomness in the interaction structure. Interestingly, by annealed randomness the impact of zealots is qualitatively the same as by mobility, which highlights that fast diffusion does not necessarily destroy the coexistence of species, and that zealotry thus helps to recover the stable mean-field solution. Our results strengthen the important role of zealots in models of cyclic dominance, and they reveal fascinating evolutionary outcomes in structured populations that are a unique consequence of such uncompromising behavior.

In-flight simulation of high agility through active control: Taming complexity by design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Padfield, Gareth D.; Bradley, Roy

1993-01-01

The motivation for research into helicopter agility stems from the realization that marked improvements relative to current operational types are possible, yet there is a dearth of useful criteria for flying qualities at high performance levels. Several research laboratories are currently investing resources in developing second generation airborne rotorcraft simulators. The UK's focus has been the exploitation of agility through active control technology (ACT); this paper reviews the results of studies conducted to date. The conflict between safety and performance in flight research is highlighted and the various forms of safety net to protect against system failures are described. The role of the safety pilot, and the use of actuator and flight envelope limiting are discussed. It is argued that the deep complexity of a research ACT system can only be tamed through a requirement specification assembled using design principles and cast in an operational simulation form. Work along these lines conducted at DRA is described, including the use of the Jackson System Development method and associated Ada simulation.

Morphological and Behavioral Convergence in Extinct and Extant Bugs: The Systematics and Biology of a New Unusual Fossil Lace Bug from the Eocene

PubMed Central

Wappler, Torsten; Guilbert, Eric; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Hörnschemeyer, Thomas; Wedmann, Sonja

2015-01-01

The bug Gyaclavator kohlsi Wappler, Guilbert, Wedmann et Labandeira, gen. et sp. nov., represents a new extinct genus of lace bugs (Insecta: Heteroptera: Tingidae) occurring in latest early Eocene deposits of the Green River Formation, from the southern Piceance Basin of Northwestern Colorado, in North America. Gyaclavator can be placed within the Tingidae with certainty, perhaps it is sistergroup to Cantacaderinae. If it belongs to Cantacaderinae, it is the first fossil record of this group for North America. Gyaclavator has unique, conspicuous antennae bearing a specialized, highly dilated distiflagellomere, likely important for intra- or intersex reproductive competition and attraction. This character parallels similar antennae in leaf-footed bugs (Coreidae), and probably is associated with a behavioral convergence as well. PMID:26267108

Environmentally benign nanometric neem-laced urea emulsion for controlling mosquito population in environment.

PubMed

Mishra, Prabhakar; Samuel, Merlyn Keziah; Reddy, Ruchishya; Tyagi, Brij Kishore; Mukherjee, Amitava; Chandrasekaran, Natarajan

2018-01-01

The increasing risk of vector-borne diseases and the environmental pollution in the day-to-day life due to the usage of the conventional pesticides makes the role of nanotechnology to come into the action. The current study deals with one of the applications of nanotechnology through the formulation of neem urea nanoemulsion (NUNE). NUNE was formulated using neem oil, Tween 20, and urea using the microfluidization method. Prior to the development of nanoemulsion, the ratio of oil/surfactant/urea was optimized using the response surface modeling method. The mean droplet size of the nanoemulsion was found to be 19.3 ± 1.34 nm. The nanoemulsion was found to be stable for the period of 4 days in the field conditions which aids to its mosquitocidal activity. The nanoemulsion exhibited a potent ovicidal and larvicidal activity against A. aegypti and C. tritaeniorhynchus vectors. This result was corroborated with the histopathological analysis of the NUNE-treated larvae. Further, the effect of NUNE on the biochemical profile of the target host was assessed and was found to be efficacious compared to the bulk counterpart. The nanoemulsion was then checked for its biosafety towards the non-target species like plant beneficial bacterium (E. ludwigii), and phytotoxicity was assessed towards the paddy plant (O. sativa). Nanometric emulsion at the concentration used for the mosquitocidal application was found to be potentially safe towards the environment. Therefore, the nanometric neem-laced urea emulsion tends to be an efficient mosquito control agent with an environmentally benign property.

The Taming of the Cell Penetrating Domain of the HIV Tat: Myths and Realities

PubMed Central

Chauhan, Ashok; Tikoo, Akshay; Kapur, Arvinder K.; Singh, Mahavir

2007-01-01

Protein transduction with cell penetrating peptides over the past several years has been shown to be an effective way of delivering proteins in vitro and now several reports have also shown valuable in vivo applications in correcting disease states. An impressive bioinspired phenomenon of crossing biological barriers came from HIV transactivator Tat protein. Specifically, the protein transduction domain of HIV-Tat has been shown to be a potent pleiotropic peptide in protein delivery. Various approaches such as molecular modeling, arginine guanidinium head group structural strategy, multimerization of PTD sequence and phage display system have been applied for taming of the PTD. This has resulted in identification of PTD variants which are efficient in cell membrane penetration and cytoplasmic delivery. Inspite of these state of the art technologies, the dilemma of low protein transduction efficiency and target specific delivery of PTD fusion proteins remains unsolved. Moreover, some misconceptions about PTD of Tat in the literature require considerations. We have assembled critical information on secretory, plasma membrane penetration and transcellular properties of Tat and PTD using molecular analysis and available experimental evidences. PMID:17196289

Case Study -- Improving Management Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stait, Norman

1970-01-01

The Knitting, Lace, and Net Industry Training Board in Great Britain is beginning to work with management training, using three firms for experimental pilot projects. The Board plans to introduce this management system throughout the industry. (MF)

Taming interfacial electronic properties of platinum nanoparticles on vacancy-abundant boron nitride nanosheets for enhanced catalysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu, Wenshuai; Wu, Zili; Foo, Guo Shiou

Taming interfacial electronic effects on Pt nanoparticles modulated by their concomitants has emerged as an intriguing approach to optimize Pt catalytic performance. Here, we report Pt nanoparticles assembled on vacancy-abundant hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and their use as a model catalyst to embrace an interfacial electronic effect on Pt induced by the nanosheets with N-vacancies and B-vacancies for superior CO oxidation catalysis. Experimental results indicate that strong interaction exists between Pt and the vacancies. Bader charge analysis shows that with Pt on B-vacancies, the nanosheets serve as a Lewis acid to accept electrons from Pt, and on the contrary, whenmore » Pt sits on N-vacancies, the nanosheets act as a Lewis base for donating electrons to Pt. The overall-electronic effect demonstrates an electron-rich feature of Pt after assembling on hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. Such an interfacial electronic effect makes Pt favour the adsorption of O 2, alleviating CO poisoning and promoting the catalysis.« less

Taming interfacial electronic properties of platinum nanoparticles on vacancy-abundant boron nitride nanosheets for enhanced catalysis

DOE PAGES

Zhu, Wenshuai; Wu, Zili; Foo, Guo Shiou; ...

2017-06-09

Taming interfacial electronic effects on Pt nanoparticles modulated by their concomitants has emerged as an intriguing approach to optimize Pt catalytic performance. Here, we report Pt nanoparticles assembled on vacancy-abundant hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and their use as a model catalyst to embrace an interfacial electronic effect on Pt induced by the nanosheets with N-vacancies and B-vacancies for superior CO oxidation catalysis. Experimental results indicate that strong interaction exists between Pt and the vacancies. Bader charge analysis shows that with Pt on B-vacancies, the nanosheets serve as a Lewis acid to accept electrons from Pt, and on the contrary, whenmore » Pt sits on N-vacancies, the nanosheets act as a Lewis base for donating electrons to Pt. The overall-electronic effect demonstrates an electron-rich feature of Pt after assembling on hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. Such an interfacial electronic effect makes Pt favour the adsorption of O 2, alleviating CO poisoning and promoting the catalysis.« less

Taming Liquid Hydrogen: The Centaur Upper Stage Rocket, 1958-2002

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dawson, Virginia P.; Bowles, Mark D.

2004-01-01

During its maiden voyage in May 1962, a Centaur upper stage rocket, mated to an Atlas booster, exploded 54 seconds after launch, engulfing the rocket in a huge fireball. Investigation revealed that Centaur's light, stainless-steel tank had split open, spilling its liquid-hydrogen fuel down its sides, where the flame of the rocket exhaust immediately ignited it. Coming less than a year after President Kennedy had made landing human beings on the Moon a national priority, the loss of Centaur was regarded as a serious setback for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). During the failure investigation, Homer Newell, Director of Space Sciences, ruefully declared: "Taming liquid hydrogen to the point where expensive operational space missions can be committed to it has turned out to be more difficult than anyone supposed at the outset." After this failure, Centaur critics, led by Wernher von Braun, mounted a campaign to cancel the program. In addition to the unknowns associated with liquid hydrogen, he objected to the unusual design of Centaur. Like the Atlas rocket, Centaur depended on pressure to keep its paper-thin, stainless-steel shell from collapsing. It was literally inflated with its propellants like a football or balloon and needed no internal structure to give it added strength and stability. The so-called "pressure-stabilized structure" of Centaur, coupled with the light weight of its high- energy cryogenic propellants, made Centaur lighter and more powerful than upper stages that used conventional fuel. But, the critics argued, it would never become the reliable rocket that the United States needed.

Sequencing and Characterization of the Invasive Sycamore Lace Bug Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae) Transcriptome

PubMed Central

Qu, Cheng; Fu, Ningning; Xu, Yihua

2016-01-01

The sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is an invasive forestry pest rapidly expanding in many countries. This pest poses a considerable threat to the urban forestry ecosystem, especially to Platanus spp. However, its molecular biology and biochemistry are poorly understood. This study reports the first C. ciliata transcriptome, encompassing three different life stages (Nymphs, adults female (AF) and adults male (AM)). In total, 26.53 GB of clean data and 60,879 unigenes were obtained from three RNA-seq libraries. These unigenes were annotated and classified by Nr (NCBI non-redundant protein sequences), Nt (NCBI non-redundant nucleotide sequences), Pfam (Protein family), KOG/COG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins), Swiss-Prot (A manually annotated and reviewed protein sequence database), and KO (KEGG Ortholog database). After all pairwise comparisons between these three different samples, a large number of differentially expressed genes were revealed. The dramatic differences in global gene expression profiles were found between distinct life stages (nymphs and AF, nymphs and AM) and sex difference (AF and AM), with some of the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) being related to metamorphosis, digestion, immune and sex difference. The different express of unigenes were validated through quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) for 16 randomly selected unigenes. In addition, 17,462 potential simple sequence repeat molecular markers were identified in these transcriptome resources. These comprehensive C. ciliata transcriptomic information can be utilized to promote the development of environmentally friendly methodologies to disrupt the processes of metamorphosis, digestion, immune and sex differences. PMID:27494615

THE USE OF FRY (EMBALMING FLUID AND PCP-LACED CIGARETTES OR MARIJUANA STICKS) AMONG CRACK COCAINE SMOKERS

PubMed Central

PETERS, RONALD J.; WILLIAMS, MARK; ROSS, MICHAEL W.; ATKINSON, JOHN; McCURDY, SHERLY A.

2010-01-01

Statistics show that the prevalence of crack cocaine use and embalming fluid and phencyclidine (PCP)-laced cigarettes or marijuana sticks, commonly referred to on the street as “fry” or “wet” is a problem; however, the relationship between these substances of abuse and concurrent polydrug use is unknown. In the present study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 426 African-American crack users in Houston, Texas, to investigate the difference between those who concurrently reported lifetime (defined as at least one usage of fry in life) fry use and those who stated they never used fry. The data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression analyses. Fry users were significantly more likely than non-users to not have a casual sex partner (92% users vs. 84% non-users, p ≤ 0.05) and were more likely to have been diagnosed with gonorrhea in the past 12 months (9% users vs. 2% non-users, p ≤ 0.05). In addition fry users had significantly higher odds of currently trading sex for drugs (OR = 2.30, p ≤ 0.05), marijuana use (OR = 12.11, p ≤ 0.05), and codeine (syrup) use (OR = 8.10, p ≤ 0.05). These findings are important in determining the “cultural novelties” relative to crack and fry use among younger African Americans. PMID:19157045

Taming the Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clinton, Janeen S.

This document reports on efforts to find technology-based solutions for the diverse challenges faced by students with disabling conditions. Twenty-three case studies describe actual scenarios experienced in the school district of Palm Beach County, Florida. For each case study, a situation is described, a challenge is identified, solutions are…

Interplay between aggression, brain monoamines and fur color mutation in the American mink.

PubMed

Kulikov, A V; Bazhenova, E Y; Kulikova, E A; Fursenko, D V; Trapezova, L I; Terenina, E E; Mormede, P; Popova, N K; Trapezov, O V

2016-11-01

Domestication of wild animals alters the aggression towards humans, brain monoamines and coat pigmentation. Our aim is the interplay between aggression, brain monoamines and depigmentation. The Hedlund white mutation in the American mink is an extreme case of depigmentation observed in domesticated animals. The aggressive (-2.06 ± 0.03) and tame (+3.5 ± 0.1) populations of wild-type dark brown color (standard) minks were bred during 17 successive generations for aggressive or tame reaction towards humans, respectively. The Hedlund mutation was transferred to the aggressive and tame backgrounds to generate aggressive (-1.2 ± 0.1) and tame (+3.0 ± 0.2) Hedlund minks. Four groups of 10 males with equal expression of aggressive (-2) or tame (+5) behavior, standard or with the Hedlund mutation, were selected to study biogenic amines in the brain. Decreased levels of noradrenaline in the hypothalamus, but increased concentrations of the serotonin metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid, in the striatum were measured in the tame compared with the aggressive standard minks. The Hedlund mutation increased noradrenaline level in the hypothalamus and substantia nigra, serotonin level in the substantia nigra and striatum and decreased dopamine concentration in the hypothalamus and striatum. Significant interaction effects were found between the Hedlund mutation and aggressive behavior on serotonin metabolism in the substantia nigra (P < 0.001), dopamine level in the midbrain (P < 0.01) and its metabolism in the striatum (P < 0.05). These results provide the first experimental evidence of the interplay between aggression, brain monoamines and the Hedlund mutation in the American minks. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society.

Constraining Mantle Differentiation Processes with La-Ce and Sm-Nd Isotope Systematics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Willig, M.; Stracke, A.

2016-12-01

Cerium (Ce) and Neodymium (Nd) isotopic ratios in oceanic basalts reflect the time integrated La-Ce and Sm-Nd ratios, and hence the extent of light rare earth element element (LREE) depletion or enrichment of their mantle sources. New high precision Ce-Nd isotope data from several ocean islands define a tight array in ԑCe-ԑNd space with ԑNd = -8.2±0.4 ԑCe + 1.3±0.9 (S.D.), in good agreement with previous data [1, 2]. The slope of the ԑCe-ԑNd array and the overall isotopic range are sensitive indicators of the processes that govern the evolution of the mantle's LREE composition. A Monte Carlo approach is employed to simulate continuous mantle-crust differentiation by partial melting and recycling of crustal materials. Partial melting of mantle peridotites produces variably depleted mantle and oceanic crust, which evolve for different time periods, before the oceanic crust is recycled back into the mantle including small amounts of continental crust (GLOSS [3]). Subsequently, depleted mantle and recycled materials of variable age and composition melt, and the respective melts mix in different proportions. Mixing lines strongly curve towards depleted mantle, and tend to be offset from the data for increasingly older and more depleted mantle. Observed ԑCe-ԑNd in ridge [1] and ocean island basalts and the slope of the ԑCe-ԑNd array therefore define upper limits for the extent and age of LREE depletion preserved in mantle peridotites. Very old average mantle depletion ages (> ca. 1-2 Ga) for the bulk of the mantle are difficult to reconcile with the existing ԑCe-ԑNd data, consistent with the range of Nd-Hf-Os model ages in abyssal peridotites [4-6]. Moreover, unless small amounts of continental crust are included in the recycled material, it is difficult to reproduce the relatively shallow slope of the ԑCe-ԑNd array, consistent with constraints from the ԑNd - ԑHf mantle array [7]. [1] Makishima and Masuda, 1994 Chem. Geol. 118, 1-8. [2] Doucelance et al

Theory of dynamic spin susceptibility in terms of the t-J-V model: Comparison with neutron scattering data for Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4 - x and La2 - x Sr x CuO4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andreev, A. I.; Eremin, I. M.; Eremin, M. V.

2009-01-01

A formula for the dynamic spin susceptibility is derived in terms of the t-J-V model. This formula makes it possible to explain the main features of recent experiments on neutron scattering in the electron-doped superconductor Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4 - x . In particular, the proposed theory reproduces well a V-shaped relief in the frequency behavior of the imaginary part χ″( Q, ω) of the susceptibility of the Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4 - x compound in the vicinity of the wave vector Q = (π,π) and the scaling behavior of the position of the maxima in the dependence of the function χ″( Q, ω) T on the quantity ω/ T. The magnetism of the high-temperature superconductors is dual. These materials contain charge carriers, on the one hand, and localized spins in the copper ion sublattice, on the other hand. Both these systems are strongly coupled to each other. The mode of collective oscillations is common. The magnetism of localized spins “freezes” with the appearance of the superconducting gap. The recently revealed double-peak structure of the imaginary part χ″( Q, ω) of the susceptibility in superconductors of the La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 type is explained. The low-frequency absorption peak is located within the superconducting gap and interpreted as a manifestation of the branch of spin excitons, and the high-frequency absorption peak predominantly corresponds to renormalized collective oscillations of localized spins.

Molecular Level Design Principle behind Optimal Sizes of Photosynthetic LH2 Complex: Taming Disorder through Cooperation of Hydrogen Bonding and Quantum Delocalization.

PubMed

Jang, Seogjoo; Rivera, Eva; Montemayor, Daniel

2015-03-19

The light harvesting 2 (LH2) antenna complex from purple photosynthetic bacteria is an efficient natural excitation energy carrier with well-known symmetric structure, but the molecular level design principle governing its structure-function relationship is unknown. Our all-atomistic simulations of nonnatural analogues of LH2 as well as those of a natural LH2 suggest that nonnatural sizes of LH2-like complexes could be built. However, stable and consistent hydrogen bonding (HB) between bacteriochlorophyll and the protein is shown to be possible only near naturally occurring sizes, leading to significantly smaller disorder than for nonnatural ones. Extensive quantum calculations of intercomplex exciton transfer dynamics, sampled for a large set of disorder, reveal that taming the negative effect of disorder through a reliable HB as well as quantum delocalization of the exciton is a critical mechanism that makes LH2 highly functional, which also explains why the natural sizes of LH2 are indeed optimal.

Taming the Data Deluge to Unravel the Mysteries of the Universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnston-Hollitt, M.

2017-04-01

Modern Astrophysics is one of the most data intensive research fields in the world and is driving many of the required innovations in the "big data" space. Foremost in astronomy in terms of data generation is radio astronomy, and in the last decade an increase in global interest and investment in the field had led to a large number of new or upgraded facilities which are each currently generating petabytes of data per annum. The peak of this so-called 'radio renaissance' will be the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) - a global observatory designed to uncover the mysteries of the Universe. The SKA will create the highest resolution, fastest frame rate movie of the evolving Universe ever and in doing so will generate 160 terrabytes of data a second, or close to 5 zettabytes of data per annum. Furthermore, due to the extreme faintness of extraterrestrial radio signals, the telescope elements for the SKA must be located in radio quite parts of the world with very low population density. Thus the project aims to build the most data intensive scientific experiment ever, in some of the most remote places on Earth. Generating and serving scientific data products of this scale to a global community of researchers from remote locations is just the first of the "big data" challenges the project faces. Coordination of a global network of tiered data resources will be required along with software tools to exploit the vast sea of results generated. In fact, to fully realize the enormous scientific potential of this project, we will need not only better data distribution and coordination mechanisms, but also improved algorithms, artificial intelligence and ontologies to extract knowledge in an automated way at a scale not yet attempted in science. In this keynote I will present an overview of the SKA project, outline the "big data" challenges the project faces and discuss some of the approaches we are taking to tame the astronomical data deluge we face.

LACED

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Tolerance to high temperature extremes in an invasive lace bug, Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae), in subtropical China.

PubMed

Ju, Rui-Ting; Gao, Lei; Zhou, Xu-Hui; Li, Bo

2013-01-01

Biological invasions are predicted to be more frequent as climate change is increasing its positive impact on the prevalence of invasive exotic species. Success of insect invaders in different temperature zones is closely related to their tolerance to temperature extremes. In this study, we used an exotic lace bug (Corythucha ciliata) as the study organism to address the hypotheses that an insect species invading a subtropical zone from temperate regions has a high capacity to survive and adapt to high temperatures, and that its thermal tolerance plays an important role in determining its seasonal abundance and geographic distribution. To test these hypotheses, the effects of heat shock on the survival and reproduction of C. ciliata adults were assessed in the laboratory. Adults were exposed to 26 (control), 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, and 45°C for 2 h, and then were transferred to 26°C. Heat-shock temperatures ranging from 35 to 41°C did not significantly affect survival pattern, longevity, and fecundity of adults, but heat shock at 43 and 45°C significantly reduced these traits. Exposing parent females to heat-shock treatments from 35 to 41°C did not significantly affect the hatching rate of their eggs, survival of the nymphs, and the proportion of female F(1) progeny, while no progeny were produced with treatments of 43 and 45°C. The results indicate that C. ciliata can tolerate high temperatures less than 41°C, which may contribute to its expansion into the lower latitudes in China where its hosts (Platanus trees) are widely planted. Our findings have important implications for predicting seasonal abundance and understanding invasion mechanisms of this important urban invader under climate change.

Tolerance to High Temperature Extremes in an Invasive Lace Bug, Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae), in Subtropical China

PubMed Central

Ju, Rui-Ting; Gao, Lei; Zhou, Xu-Hui; Li, Bo

2013-01-01

Biological invasions are predicted to be more frequent as climate change is increasing its positive impact on the prevalence of invasive exotic species. Success of insect invaders in different temperature zones is closely related to their tolerance to temperature extremes. In this study, we used an exotic lace bug (Corythucha ciliata) as the study organism to address the hypotheses that an insect species invading a subtropical zone from temperate regions has a high capacity to survive and adapt to high temperatures, and that its thermal tolerance plays an important role in determining its seasonal abundance and geographic distribution. To test these hypotheses, the effects of heat shock on the survival and reproduction of C. ciliata adults were assessed in the laboratory. Adults were exposed to 26 (control), 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, and 45°C for 2 h, and then were transferred to 26°C. Heat-shock temperatures ranging from 35 to 41°C did not significantly affect survival pattern, longevity, and fecundity of adults, but heat shock at 43 and 45°C significantly reduced these traits. Exposing parent females to heat-shock treatments from 35 to 41°C did not significantly affect the hatching rate of their eggs, survival of the nymphs, and the proportion of female F 1 progeny, while no progeny were produced with treatments of 43 and 45°C. The results indicate that C. ciliata can tolerate high temperatures less than 41°C, which may contribute to its expansion into the lower latitudes in China where its hosts (Platanus trees) are widely planted. Our findings have important implications for predicting seasonal abundance and understanding invasion mechanisms of this important urban invader under climate change. PMID:23365664

Elastic S-matrices in (1 + 1) dimensions and Toda field theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Christe, P.; Mussardo, G.

Particular deformations of 2-D conformal field theory lead to integrable massive quantum field theories. These can be characterized by the relative scattering data. This paper proposes a general scheme for classifying the elastic nondegenerate S-matrix in (1 + 1) dimensions starting from the possible boot-strap processes and the spins of the conserved currents. Their identification with the S-matrix coming from the Toda field theory is analyzed. The authors discuss both cases of Toda field theory constructed with the simply-laced Dynkin diagrams and the nonsimply-laced ones. The authors present the results of the perturbative analysis and their geometrical interpretations.

Taming cut-off induced artifacts in molecular dynamics studies of solvated polypeptides. The reaction field method.

PubMed

Schreiber, H; Steinhauser, O

1992-12-05

In this paper we present a model system of a solvated polypeptide, which is a suitable reference platform for the systematic exploration of methods for taming artifacts introduced by an incorrect treatment of long-range Coulomb forces. The essential feature of the system composed of an alpha-helical peptide and 1021 water molecules is the strict neutrality of all charge groups. The dynamical properties of the peptide, i.e. unfolding or maintenance of the helix, already give first hints on the influence of boundary effects. A rigorous and deeper insight is gained, however, if analyzing the system by means of the generalized Kirkwood g-factor, which projects the net dipole moment of concentric spheres onto the respective dipole moment of the reference charge group. The g-factor is a global measure for, and a sensitive probe of, the orientational structure, which in its turn reflects even the smallest inconsistencies in the treatment of long-range forces. While the cut-off scheme failed the g-factor test, the "reaction field" method, the simplest cut-off correction scheme, enables a consistent description. In other words, with the aid of the reaction field, the correct orientational structure is restored. As a consequence, the helix stability is regained and we were able to calculate the dielectric constant epsilon approximately 55 to 60 for our system, which is slightly below the corresponding value epsilon SPC = 66 of the pure solvent.

Differentialless geometry of plane curves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Latecki, Longin J.; Rosenfeld, Azriel

1997-10-01

We introduce a class of planar arcs and curves, called tame arcs, which is general enough to describe the boundaries of planar real objects. A tame arc can have smooth parts as well as sharp corners; thus a polygonal arc is tame. On the other hand, this class of arcs is restrictive enough to rule out pathological arcs which have infinitely many inflections or which turn infinitely often: a tame arc can have only finitely many inflections, and its total absolute turn must be finite. In order to relate boundary properties of discrete objects obtained by segmenting digital images to the corresponding properties of their continuous originals, the theory of tame arcs is based on concepts that can be directly transferred from the continuous to the discrete domain. A tame arc is composed of a finite number of supported arcs. We define supported digital arcs and motivate their definition by the fact that hey can be obtained by digitizing continuous supported arcs. Every digital arc is tame, since it contains a finite number of points, and therefore it can be decomposed into a finite number of supported digital arcs.

An investigation of candidate regions for association with bipolar disorder.

PubMed

Knight, Jo; Rochberg, Nanette S; Saccone, Scott F; Nurnberger, John I; Rice, John P

2010-10-05

We performed a case-control study of 1,000 cases and 1,028 controls on 1,509 markers, 1,139 of which were located in a 8 Mb region on chromosome 6 (105-113 Mb). This region has shown evidence of involvement in bipolar disorder (BP) in a number of other studies. We find association between BP and two SNPs in the gene LACE1. SNP rs9486880 and rs11153113 (both have P-values of 2 × 10(-5)). Both P-values are in the top 5% of the distribution derived from null simulations (P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). LACE is a good candidate for BP; it is an ATPase. We genotyped 173 other markers in 17 other positional and/or functional loci but found no further evidence of association with BP.

Blood pharmacokinetics of tertiary amyl methyl ether in male and female F344 rats and CD-1 mice after nose-only inhalation exposure.

PubMed

Sumner, Susan C J; Janszen, Derek B; Asgharian, Bahman; Moore, Timothy A; Bobbitt, Carol M; Fennell, Timothy R

2003-01-01

Interest in understanding the biological behavior of aliphatic ethers has increased owing to their use as gasoline additives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the blood pharmacokinetics of the oxygenate tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), its major metabolite tertiary amyl alcohol (TAA) and acetone in rats and mice following inhalation exposure to TAME. Species differences in the area under the curve (AUC) for TAME were significant at each exposure concentration. For rats, the blood TAME AUC increased in proportion with an increase in exposure concentration. For mice, an increase in exposure concentration (100-500 ppm) resulted in a disproportional increase in the TAME AUC. Mice had greater (two- to threefold) blood concentrations of TAA compared with rats following exposure to 2500 or 500 ppm TAME. Mice had a disproportional increase in the TAA AUC with an increase in exposure concentration (100-500 ppm). This difference could result from saturation of a process (e.g. oxidation, glucuronide conjugation) that is involved in the further metabolism of TAA. For each species, gender and exposure concentration, acetone increased during exposure and returned to control values by 16 h following exposure. The source of acetone could be both as a metabolite of TAA or an effect on endogenous metabolism produced by exposure to TAME. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Glucocorticoid effects on contact hypersensitivity and on the cutaneous response to ultraviolet light in the mouse

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ross, P.M.; Walberg, J.A.; Bradlow, H.L.

1988-03-01

A single exposure to 254 nm ultraviolet irradiation (UV) can systemically suppress experimental sensitization to the simple allergen 2,4-dinitro, 1-chlorobenzene (DNCB) in the mouse. We show here that topical application at the site of irradiation of the 21-oic acid methyl ester derivative of the synthetic glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (TAme) prevents UV suppression of sensitization. That is, mice painted with TAme at the site of UV exposure developed normal contact hypersensitivity (CH); mice exposed to UV only, like mice treated with the parent compound triamcinolone acetonide (TA), failed to be sensitized by DNCB applied to a distal site. TAme is inactivatedmore » rapidly by plasma esterases, so its effect is thought to be confined to the skin. Apparently, TAme blocked the cutaneous signal(s) for systemic suppression of CH. Histologically, irradiated skin exhibited mild inflammation and hyperproliferation, but these effects were greatly exaggerated and prolonged in the UV + TAme-treated skin, independent of sensitization at the distal site. The infiltrate consisted mostly of neutrophils and lacked the round cells characteristic of cell-mediated immunity. Apparently, normal immune suppression by UV prevented this vigorous reaction to irradiated skin. Applied together with DNCB. TAme blocked sensitization. It also prevented response to challenge by DNCB in previously sensitized animals. However, unlike the parent compound triamcinolone acetonide (TA), Budesonide or Beclomethasone diproprionate, each of which can penetrate the epidermis in active form, TAme had no effect on sensitization when applied at a distal site. Likewise, TAme did not affect plasma B (17-desoxycortisol) levels, whereas the other three compounds reduced plasma B tenfold, as expected of compounds causing adrenal-pituitary suppression.« less

Examining the Influence of Beta Blockers and ACE Inhibitors on the Risk for Breast Cancer Recurrence: Results from the LACE Cohort

PubMed Central

Ganz, Patricia A.; Habel, Laurel A.; Weltzien, Erin K.; Caan, Bette J.; Cole, Steven W.

2011-01-01

There is increasing interest in the relationship between host lifestyle factors and the outcomes of cancer treatment. Behavioral factors, comorbid conditions, and non-cancer related pharmaceutical exposures may affect breast cancer (BC) outcomes. We used observational data from the LACE Study cohort (women with early stage BC from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Cancer Registry) to examine the association between beta-blockers (BB) and/or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and BC recurrence, BC-specific mortality, and overall mortality. Among 1,779 women, there were 292 BC recurrences, 174 BC deaths, and 323 total deaths. 23% were exposed to either a BB and/or an ACEi. These drugs were associated with older age, postmenopausal status, tamoxifen therapy, greater pre-diagnosis BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. In Cox proportional hazards models, ACEi exposure was associated with BC recurrence (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.02, 2.39, p=0.04), but not cause-specific mortality or overall mortality. Combined ACEi and BB was associated with overall mortality (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.22, 3.10, p=0.01). BB exposure was associated with lower hazard of recurrence and cause-specific mortality. However, there was no evidence of a dose response with either medication. For recurrence and cause-specific mortality, BB combined with ACEi was associated with a lower HR for the outcome than when ACEi alone was used. These hypothesis generating findings suggest that BC recurrence and survival were associated with exposure to two commonly used classes of anti-hypertensive medications. These observations need to be confirmed and suggest that greater attention should focus on the potential role of these commonly used medications in BC outcomes. PMID:21479924

[Some features of learning in swimming Morris test in rats selected for behavior towards human].

PubMed

Pliusnina, I Z; Shchepina, O A; Os'kina, I N; Trut, L N

2007-01-01

Some features of learning in Morris water test were studied in gray rats after a long-term selection for elimination (tame strain) and enhancement (aggressive strain) of aggressiveness towards human. The content of plasma corticosteroids was estimated at different stages of learning. It was shown that tame rats were better in performance of a special Morris task than aggressive ones. The time of search for invisible platform was increased in aggressive rats owing to the fact that they spent more time near the pool walls. Also, time of rearing at the platform was higher in tame rats compared to aggressive animals. In the retention test, rats of both strains spent significantly more time in the target quadrant than they did in other quadrants. Rats of both strains did not differ in time of search for invisible platform when it was replaced to the opposite quadrant. After the first day of learning, the corticosteroid plasma level was lower in tame rats than aggressive animals. During the following days of training, the content of the hormone increased in tame rats and did not differ from aggressive rats. It is supposed that, in tame rats, low emotionality and stress response facilitated learning in Morris water test.

Chemically Inhomogeneous RE-Fe-B Permanent Magnets with High Figure of Merit: Solution to Global Rare Earth Criticality

PubMed Central

Jin, Jiaying; Ma, Tianyu; Zhang, Yujing; Bai, Guohua; Yan, Mi

2016-01-01

The global rare earth (RE) criticality, especially for those closely-relied Nd/Pr/Dy/Tb in the 2:14:1-typed permanent magnets (PMs), has triggered tremendous attempts to develop new alternatives. Prospective candidates La/Ce with high abundance, however, cannot provide an equivalent performance due to inferior magnetic properties of (La/Ce)2Fe14B to Nd2Fe14B. Here we report high figure-of-merit La/Ce-rich RE-Fe-B PMs, where La/Ce are inhomogeneously distributed among the 2:14:1 phase. The resultant exchange coupling within an individual grain and magnetostatic interactions across grains ensure much superior performance to the La/Ce homogeneously distributed magnet. Maximum energy product (BH)max of 42.2 MGOe is achieved even with 36 wt. % La-Ce incorporation. The cost performance, (BH)max/cost, has been raised by 27.1% compared to a 48.9 MGOe La/Ce-free commercial magnet. The construction of chemical heterogeneity offers recipes to develop commercial-grade PMs using the less risky La/Ce, and also provides a promising solution to the REs availability constraints. PMID:27553789

Transforming Conflict into Effective Action: A Case Study on the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewandowski, Jill K.

Like many wicked environmental problems of our time, marine sound and its potential effects on marine mammals is characterized by high levels of scientific uncertainty, diversified values across many stakeholder groups, political and regulatory complexities, and a continually evolving ecological and social environment. Further, the history of conflict and the relationships between major actors has rooted the issue firmly in identity conflict where prejudices lead to avoidance of working together. What results is continuing controversy, failed management decisions, litigation and an increasing frustration by all parties on why a better solution cannot be found. Ultimately, the intractability of the issue is not about the science, nor will the science ever tame the issue on its own. Rather, the issue is intractable because of the conflict between people about the most appropriate path forward. It is then imperative to understand, address, and transform this conflict in order to move off the decision carousel toward improved conservation outcomes and sustainable decisions for all. This research used an explanatory case study approach to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the context and reasoning underlying conflict on this issue. Three methods were used in order to triangulate the data, and thus add rigor, including: (1) a document review of 230 publications: (2) exploratory interviews with 10 collaborative action experts and semi-structured interviews with 58 marine mammals and sound stakeholders; and (3) participant review of selected analyses. Data elucidate how different stakeholder groups define the problem and potential solutions, how they see their role and view the role of other stakeholders, specific experiences that increased or decrease conflict, and design preferences for a collaborative effort. These data are combined with conflict transformation principles to provide recommendations for a collaborative, transformative framework designed to

Taming Time with Flexible Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stamps, David

1995-01-01

Because of increasing incidence of burnout among midlevel managers, many companies are reducing workload schedules, an arrangement that would have been unthinkable 10 years ago. Surveys have made the case that flexible work arrangements increase employee happiness and, therefore, productivity. (JOW)

Can inequality be tamed through boundary work? A qualitative study of health promotion aimed at reducing health inequalities.

PubMed

Pedersen, Pia Vivian; Hjelmar, Ulf; Høybye, Mette Terp; Rod, Morten Hulvej

2017-07-01

This paper examines the organisational dynamics that arise in health promotion aimed at reducing health inequalities. The paper draws on ethnographic fieldwork among public health officers in Danish municipalities and qualitative interviews from an evaluation of health promotion programmes targeting homeless and other marginalised citizens. Analytically, we focus on 'boundary work', i.e. the ways in which social and symbolic boundaries are established, maintained, transgressed and negotiated, both at the administrative level and among frontline professionals. The paper discusses three types of boundary work: (i) demarcating professional domains; (ii) setting the boundaries of the task itself; and (iii) managing administrative boundaries. The main argument is that the production, maintenance and transgression of these three types of boundaries constitute central and time-consuming aspects of the practices of public health professionals, and that boundary work constitutes an important element in professional practices seeking to 'tame a wicked problem', such as social inequalities in health. A cross-cutting feature of the three types of boundary work is the management of the divide between health and social issues, which the professionals seemingly seek to uphold and transgress at the same time. The paper thus contributes to ongoing discussions of intersectoral action to address health inequalities. Furthermore, it extends the scope and application of the concept of boundary work in the sociology of public health by suggesting that the focus in previous research on professional demarcation be broadened in order to capture other types of boundaries that shape, and are shaped by, professional practices. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Metamodeling-based approach for risk assessment and cost estimation: Application to geological carbon sequestration planning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Alexander Y.; Jeong, Hoonyoung; González-Nicolás, Ana; Templeton, Thomas C.

2018-04-01

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is being evaluated globally as a geoengineering measure for significantly reducing greenhouse emission. However, long-term liability associated with potential leakage from these geologic repositories is perceived as a main barrier of entry to site operators. Risk quantification and impact assessment help CCS operators to screen candidate sites for suitability of CO2 storage. Leakage risks are highly site dependent, and a quantitative understanding and categorization of these risks can only be made possible through broad participation and deliberation of stakeholders, with the use of site-specific, process-based models as the decision basis. Online decision making, however, requires that scenarios be run in real time. In this work, a Python based, Leakage Assessment and Cost Estimation (PyLACE) web application was developed for quantifying financial risks associated with potential leakage from geologic carbon sequestration sites. PyLACE aims to assist a collaborative, analytic-deliberative decision making processes by automating metamodel creation, knowledge sharing, and online collaboration. In PyLACE, metamodeling, which is a process of developing faster-to-run surrogates of process-level models, is enabled using a special stochastic response surface method and the Gaussian process regression. Both methods allow consideration of model parameter uncertainties and the use of that information to generate confidence intervals on model outputs. Training of the metamodels is delegated to a high performance computing cluster and is orchestrated by a set of asynchronous job scheduling tools for job submission and result retrieval. As a case study, workflow and main features of PyLACE are demonstrated using a multilayer, carbon storage model.

Species and gender differences in the metabolism and distribution of tertiary amyl methyl ether in male and female rats and mice after inhalation exposure or gavage administration.

PubMed

Sumner, Susan C J; Janszen, Derek B; Asgharian, Bahman; Moore, Timothy A; Parkinson, Horace D; Fennell, Timothy R

2003-01-01

Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) is a gasoline fuel additive used to reduce emissions. Understanding the metabolism and distribution of TAME is needed to assess potential human health issues. The effect of dose level, duration of exposure and route of administration on the metabolism and distribution of TAME were investigated in male and female F344 rats and CD-1 mice following inhalation or gavage administration. By 48 h after exposure, >96% of the administered radioactivity was expired in air (16-71%) or eliminated in urine and feces (28-72%). Following inhalation exposure, mice had a two- to threefold greater relative uptake of [14C]TAME compared with rats. Metabolites were excreted in urine of rats and mice that are formed by glucuronide conjugation of tertiary amyl alcohol (TAA), oxidation of TAA to 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutane and glucuronide conjugation of 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutane. A saturation in the uptake and metabolism of TAME with increased exposure concentration was indicated by a decreased relative uptake of total [14C]TAME equivalents and an increase in the percentage expired as volatiles. A saturation of P-450 oxidation of TAA was indicated by a disproportional decrease of 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutane and its glucuronide conjugate with increased exposure concentration. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Evaluation of prediction strategy and care coordination for COPD readmissions.

PubMed

Bashir, Babar; Schneider, Doron; Naglak, Mary C; Churilla, Thomas M; Adelsberger, Marguerite

2016-08-01

Factors that influence the likelihood of readmission for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and the impact of posthospital care coordination remain uncertain. LACE index (L = length of stay, A = Acuity of admission; C = Charlson comorbidity index; E = No. of emergency department (ED) visits in last 6 months) is a validated tool for predicting 30-days readmissions for general medicine patients. We aimed to identify variables predictive of COPD readmissions including LACE index and determine the impact of a novel care management process on 30-day all-cause readmission rate. In a case-control design, potential readmission predictors including LACE index were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression for 461 COPD patients between January-October 2013. Patients with a high LACE index at discharge began receiving care coordination in July 2013. We tested for association between readmission and receipt of care coordination between July-October 2013. Care coordination consists of a telephone call from the care manager who: 1) reviews discharge instructions and medication reconciliation; 2) emphasizes importance of medication adherence; 3) makes a follow-up appointment with primary care physician within 1-2 weeks and; 4) makes an emergency back-up plan. COPD readmission rate was 16.5%. An adjusted LACE index of ≥ 13 was not associated with readmission (p = 0.186). Significant predictors included female gender (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29-0.91, p = 0.021); discharge to skilled nursing facility (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.36-6.75, p = 0.007); 4-6 comorbid illnesses (OR 9.21, 95% CI 1.17-76.62, p = 0.035) and ≥ 4 ED visits in previous 6 months (OR 6.40, 95% CI 1.25-32.87, p = 0.026). Out of 119 patients discharged between July-October 2013, 41% received the care coordination. The readmission rate in the intervention group was 14.3% compared to 18.6% in controls (p = 0.62). Factors influencing COPD

Monitoring recovery following syndesmosis sprain: a case report.

PubMed

Spaulding, S J

1995-10-01

A sprain to the tibial-fibular syndesmosis often results in prolonged rehabilitation or surgical intervention before recovery occurs. This paper documents gait recovery both before and after surgery for a syndesmosis sprain. Ground reaction force (GRF) data were available before injury and before surgery. Data were also collected every 3 days from 4 days to 4 months after syndesmosis screw removal (8 weeks after surgery). Weightbearing during the stance phase of gait did not approach normal values until approximately 4 months after syndesmosis screw removal. The push-off phase of gait also was slow to recover. When it was possible for the subject to use one or two crutches, differences in GRF were evident, such that walking with one crutch demonstrated increased force production at the ground. Bracing the ankle with a semirigid brace increased GRF, whereas a boot-type lace-up brace resulted in decreased GRF. In this case report of a combined ankle and syndesmosis sprain, results suggest the weightbearing and push-off force were seriously compromised. Decreasing the number of walking assistive devices and wearing a semirigid ankle brace increased the amount of weightbearing through the affected leg and may have merit in encouraging muscle function.

Stiefel-Whitney classes of curve covers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selander, Björn

2016-10-01

Let D be a Dedekind scheme with the characteristic of all residue fields not equal to 2. To every tame cover Cto D with only odd ramification we associate a second Stiefel-Whitney class in the second cohomology with mod 2 coefficients of a certain tame orbicurve [D] associated to D. This class is then related to the pull-back of the second Stiefel-Whitney class of the push-forward of the line bundle of half of the ramification divisor. This shows (indirectly) that our Stiefel-Whitney class is the pull-back of a sum of cohomology classes considered by Esnault, Kahn and Viehweg in `Coverings with odd ramification and Stiefel-Whitney classes'. Perhaps more importantly, in the case of a proper and smooth curve over an algebraically closed field, our Stiefel-Whitney class is shown to be the pull-back of an invariant considered by Serre in `Revêtements à ramification impaire et thêta-caractéristiques', and in this case our arguments give a new proof of the main result of that article.

Preparing for Staffings: 10 Tips for Parents and Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romaneck, Greg

2005-01-01

Staffings are designed to be problem-solving meetings. In theory, all participants come to a staffing with information, knowledge or general input aimed at designing an effective educational program for a child. However, in some cases, staffings become discordant sessions laced with conflict. In order to avoid this negative outcome, it may be…

Domestication and tameness: brain gene expression in red junglefowl selected for less fear of humans suggests effects on reproduction and immunology

PubMed Central

Agnvall, Beatrix; Johnsson, Martin; Wright, Dominic; Jensen, Per

2016-01-01

The domestication of animals has generated a set of phenotypic modifications, affecting behaviour, appearance, physiology and reproduction, which are consistent across a range of species. We hypothesized that some of these phenotypes could have evolved because of genetic correlation to tameness, an essential trait for successful domestication. Starting from an outbred population of red junglefowl, ancestor of all domestic chickens, we selected birds for either high or low fear of humans for five generations. Birds from the fifth selected generation (S5) showed a divergent pattern of growth and reproduction, where low fear chickens grew larger and produced larger offspring. To examine underlying genetic mechanisms, we used microarrays to study gene expression in thalamus/hypothalamus, a brain region involved in fear and stress, in both the parental generation and the S5. While parents of the selection lines did not show any differentially expressed genes, there were a total of 33 genes with adjusted p-values below 0.1 in S5. These were mainly related to sperm-function, immunological functions, with only a few known to be relevant to behaviour. Hence, five generations of divergent selection for fear of humans produced changes in hypothalamic gene expression profiles related to pathways associated with male reproduction and to immunology. This may be linked to the effects seen on growth and size of offspring. These results support the hypothesis that domesticated phenotypes may evolve because of correlated effects related to reduced fear of humans. PMID:27853585

Domestication and tameness: brain gene expression in red junglefowl selected for less fear of humans suggests effects on reproduction and immunology.

PubMed

Bélteky, Johan; Agnvall, Beatrix; Johnsson, Martin; Wright, Dominic; Jensen, Per

2016-08-01

The domestication of animals has generated a set of phenotypic modifications, affecting behaviour, appearance, physiology and reproduction, which are consistent across a range of species. We hypothesized that some of these phenotypes could have evolved because of genetic correlation to tameness, an essential trait for successful domestication. Starting from an outbred population of red junglefowl, ancestor of all domestic chickens, we selected birds for either high or low fear of humans for five generations. Birds from the fifth selected generation (S 5 ) showed a divergent pattern of growth and reproduction, where low fear chickens grew larger and produced larger offspring. To examine underlying genetic mechanisms, we used microarrays to study gene expression in thalamus/hypothalamus, a brain region involved in fear and stress, in both the parental generation and the S 5 . While parents of the selection lines did not show any differentially expressed genes, there were a total of 33 genes with adjusted p -values below 0.1 in S 5 . These were mainly related to sperm-function, immunological functions, with only a few known to be relevant to behaviour. Hence, five generations of divergent selection for fear of humans produced changes in hypothalamic gene expression profiles related to pathways associated with male reproduction and to immunology. This may be linked to the effects seen on growth and size of offspring. These results support the hypothesis that domesticated phenotypes may evolve because of correlated effects related to reduced fear of humans.

Using Scientific Thinking and Intelligent Aggregation to Tame Big Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strelitz, R. A.; Yuen, D. A.

2013-12-01

Using Scientific Thinking and Intelligent Aggregation to Tame Big Data. Dave Yuen, Department of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0219 USA Richard Strelitz, CCS-3, MS B265, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545 We take the contrarian position that BIG DATA is at best a misnomer. The average human is confronted with Terabytes to Petabytes of sensor data daily, not to mention all of the internally generate throughts and conclusions. We start with the assumption that the coping mechanism is based on aggregation, suppression and prediction in a tight, Kalman filter based feedback system. Over the past year we have been developing tools and schemas that implement if not the mechanisms then the concepts we use every day, at work and in life. Current simulation science and its most faithful henchmen-visualization and statistics, are predicated on the idea that value at a point (on a grid) is the natural if not only was to consider data. It gives primacy to the geometry, itself an artifact of computational ease and also creates an entirely misleading sense that the value is precise and immutable. Yet when we view the same representation through our scientific lenses, we see patterns, structures, and familiar forms, and most often a large number of these in various sizes, orientations and stages of maturity. It is the pattern that matters. We have applied this concept to ocean eddy's that make up a significant part of the world wide ocean. Many ';see' the eddies, but few have attempted to compile demographics of size, age, depth, power that speak powerfully to the degree of mixing of various source waters. Fewer still have used this catalogue of self-similar features to develop scaling laws that relate to their formation and disappearance. Here we introduce the essential paradigm of the scientific method --observe, simulate, refine, repeat. A key feature of our approach is its adherence to first principles and

Promoting Holistic Well-Being in Chronic Stroke Patients Through Leisure Art-Based Creative Engagement.

PubMed

Sit, Janet W H; Chan, Amy W H; So, Winnie K W; Chan, Carmen W H; Chan, Aileen W K; Chan, Helen Y L; Fung, Olivia W M; Wong, Eliza M L

To examine the potential value of a creative art-based activity as a caring modality for promoting holistic well-being among chronic stroke patients, and to explore the feelings and meanings that stroke patients derived from their experience in leisure art-based creative engagement (LACE). Qualitative design. Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative content analysis was performed. The design and implementation of LACE was guided by Watson's theory of caring. Twenty-four participants completed the study. Four themes emerged from participants' account of experiences with the LACE: (1) appreciation of opportunities, (2) appreciation of self, (3) appreciation of others, and (4) appreciation of life. From the perspective of the participants, engaging in LACE enhances their sense of enjoyment and self-expression. Furthermore, they perceived LACE as an affirmation of life and an empowering process strengthening their connection and appreciation with the self and others. This study adds evidence to existing literature on Watson's theory-guided design and implementation of caring initiatives for community rehabilitation and has laid the groundwork for developing further evidencebased research in leisure art-based caring occasions for promoting holistic well-being in stroke rehabilitation.

29 CFR 530.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... knitting process is performed; and the manufacture of bathing suits from any purchased fabric: Provided... other finishing of knitted shirts made in the same establishment as that where the knitting process is... embroidery, thread splitting, embroidery thread cutting, scallop cutting, lace cutting, lace making-up...

29 CFR 530.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... knitting process is performed; and the manufacture of bathing suits from any purchased fabric: Provided... other finishing of knitted shirts made in the same establishment as that where the knitting process is... embroidery, thread splitting, embroidery thread cutting, scallop cutting, lace cutting, lace making-up...

29 CFR 530.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... knitting process is performed; and the manufacture of bathing suits from any purchased fabric: Provided... other finishing of knitted shirts made in the same establishment as that where the knitting process is... embroidery, thread splitting, embroidery thread cutting, scallop cutting, lace cutting, lace making-up...

29 CFR 530.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... knitting process is performed; and the manufacture of bathing suits from any purchased fabric: Provided... other finishing of knitted shirts made in the same establishment as that where the knitting process is... embroidery, thread splitting, embroidery thread cutting, scallop cutting, lace cutting, lace making-up...

An Accurate Link Correlation Estimator for Improving Wireless Protocol Performance

PubMed Central

Zhao, Zhiwei; Xu, Xianghua; Dong, Wei; Bu, Jiajun

2015-01-01

Wireless link correlation has shown significant impact on the performance of various sensor network protocols. Many works have been devoted to exploiting link correlation for protocol improvements. However, the effectiveness of these designs heavily relies on the accuracy of link correlation measurement. In this paper, we investigate state-of-the-art link correlation measurement and analyze the limitations of existing works. We then propose a novel lightweight and accurate link correlation estimation (LACE) approach based on the reasoning of link correlation formation. LACE combines both long-term and short-term link behaviors for link correlation estimation. We implement LACE as a stand-alone interface in TinyOS and incorporate it into both routing and flooding protocols. Simulation and testbed results show that LACE: (1) achieves more accurate and lightweight link correlation measurements than the state-of-the-art work; and (2) greatly improves the performance of protocols exploiting link correlation. PMID:25686314

Close coupling of pre- and post-processing vision stations using inexact algorithms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shih, Chi-Hsien V.; Sherkat, Nasser; Thomas, Peter D.

1996-02-01

Work has been reported using lasers to cut deformable materials. Although the use of laser reduces material deformation, distortion due to mechanical feed misalignment persists. Changes in the lace patten are also caused by the release of tension in the lace structure as it is cut. To tackle the problem of distortion due to material flexibility, the 2VMethod together with the Piecewise Error Compensation Algorithm incorporating the inexact algorithms, i.e., fuzzy logic, neural networks and neural fuzzy technique, are developed. A spring mounted pen is used to emulate the distortion of the lace pattern caused by tactile cutting and feed misalignment. Using pre- and post-processing vision systems, it is possible to monitor the scalloping process and generate on-line information for the artificial intelligence engines. This overcomes the problems of lace distortion due to the trimming process. Applying the algorithms developed, the system can produce excellent results, much better than a human operator.

A new extract of the plant calendula officinalis produces a dual in vitro effect: cytotoxic anti-tumor activity and lymphocyte activation

PubMed Central

Jiménez-Medina, Eva; Garcia-Lora, Angel; Paco, Laura; Algarra, Ignacio; Collado, Antonia; Garrido, Federico

2006-01-01

Background Phytopharmacological studies of different Calendula extracts have shown anti-inflamatory, anti-viral and anti-genotoxic properties of therapeutic interest. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities and in vivo anti-tumor effect of Laser Activated Calendula Extract (LACE), a novel extract of the plant Calendula Officinalis (Asteraceae). Methods An aqueous extract of Calendula Officinalis was obtained by a novel extraction method in order to measure its anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities in vitro. Tumor cell lines derived from leukemias, melanomas, fibrosarcomas and cancers of breast, prostate, cervix, lung, pancreas and colorectal were used and tumor cell proliferation in vitro was measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. Effect of LACE on human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation in vitro was also analyzed. Studies of cell cycle and apoptosis were performed in LACE-treated cells. In vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated in nude mice bearing subcutaneously human Ando-2 melanoma cells. Results The LACE extract showed a potent in vitro inhibition of tumor cell proliferation when tested on a wide variety of human and murine tumor cell lines. The inhibition ranged from 70 to 100%. Mechanisms of inhibition were identified as cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and Caspase-3-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the same extract showed an opposite effect when tested on PBLs and NKL cell line, in which in vitro induction of proliferation and activation of these cells was observed. The intraperitoneal injection or oral administration of LACE extract in nude mice inhibits in vivo tumor growth of Ando-2 melanoma cells and prolongs the survival day of the mice. Conclusion These results indicate that LACE aqueous extract has two complementary activities in vitro with potential anti-tumor therapeutic effect: cytotoxic tumor cell activity and lymphocyte activation. The LACE extract presented

Wicked Problems in Natural Hazard Assessment and Mitigation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stein, S.; Steckler, M. S.; Rundle, J. B.; Dixon, T. H.

2017-12-01

Social scientists have defined "wicked" problems that are "messy, ill-defined, more complex than we fully grasp, and open to multiple interpretations based on one's point of view... No solution to a wicked problem is permanent or wholly satisfying, which leaves every solution open to easy polemical attack." These contrast with "tame" problems in which necessary information is available and solutions - even if difficult and expensive - are straightforward to identify and execute. Updating the U.S.'s aging infrastructure is a tame problem, because what is wrong and how to fix it are clear. In contrast, addressing climate change is a wicked problem because its effects are uncertain and the best strategies to address them are unclear. An analogous approach can be taken to natural hazard problems. In tame problems, we have a good model of the process, good information about past events, and data implying that the model should predict future events. In such cases, we can make a reasonable assessment of the hazard that can be used to develop mitigation strategies. Earthquake hazard mitigation for San Francisco is a relatively tame problem. We understand how the earthquakes result from known plate motions, have information about past earthquakes, and have geodetic data implying that future similar earthquakes will occur. As a result, it is straightforward to develop and implement mitigation strategies. However, in many cases, hazard assessment and mitigation is a wicked problem. How should we prepare for a great earthquake on plate boundaries where tectonics favor such events but we have no evidence that they have occurred and hence how large they may be or how often to expect them? How should we assess the hazard within plates, for example in the New Madrid seismic zone, where large earthquakes have occurred but we do not understand their causes and geodetic data show no strain accumulating? How can we assess the hazard and make sensible policy when the recurrence of

Taming the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation.

PubMed

Harte, Abraham I

2014-12-31

Many of the technical complications associated with the general theory of relativity ultimately stem from the nonlinearity of Einstein's equation. It is shown here that an appropriate choice of dynamical variables may be used to eliminate all such nonlinearities beyond a particular order: Both Landau-Lifshitz and tetrad formulations of Einstein's equation are obtained that involve only finite products of the unknowns and their derivatives. Considerable additional simplifications arise in physically interesting cases where metrics become approximately Kerr or, e.g., plane waves, suggesting that the variables described here can be used to efficiently reformulate perturbation theory in a variety of contexts. In all cases, these variables are shown to have simple geometrical interpretations that directly relate the local causal structure associated with the metric of interest to the causal structure associated with a prescribed background. A new method to search for exact solutions is outlined as well.

The Coast Artillery Journal. Volume 78, Number 5, September-October 1935

DTIC Science & Technology

1935-10-01

Scoring 345 By C’aptain Homer Case . The Tank Ju-Ju 349 BJ’ (’aptain .Tames A . McGuire. Some Facts About Bombardme󈧏t Aviation By Major Claire L. Chennault...north, endina the fifth yearlyJ ~. camp at Fort T a ~,lor. By MAJOR P. L. WALL, CA., N.G. classified." The guns used Case III firing for the first time...Frontispiece 322 Who Started Such a Mess? 330 By Lieut€>nantE. F. Adams Press Ce�Orshipin Wax Time- Part II 358 By Major Harry W. Caygill

The role of sleep difficulties in the vasomotor menopausal symptoms and depressed mood relationships: an international pooled analysis of eight studies in the InterLACE consortium.

PubMed

Chung, Hsin-Fang; Pandeya, Nirmala; Dobson, Annette J; Kuh, Diana; Brunner, Eric J; Crawford, Sybil L; Avis, Nancy E; Gold, Ellen B; Mitchell, Ellen S; Woods, Nancy F; Bromberger, Joyce T; Thurston, Rebecca C; Joffe, Hadine; Yoshizawa, Toyoko; Anderson, Debra; Mishra, Gita D

2018-02-12

Many women experience both vasomotor menopausal symptoms (VMS) and depressed mood at midlife, but little is known regarding the prospective bi-directional relationships between VMS and depressed mood and the role of sleep difficulties in both directions. A pooled analysis was conducted using data from 21 312 women (median: 50 years, interquartile range 49-51) in eight studies from the InterLACE consortium. The degree of VMS, sleep difficulties, and depressed mood was self-reported and categorised as never, rarely, sometimes, and often (if reporting frequency) or never, mild, moderate, and severe (if reporting severity). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the bi-directional associations adjusted for within-study correlation. At baseline, the prevalence of VMS (40%, range 13-62%) and depressed mood (26%, 8-41%) varied substantially across studies, and a strong dose-dependent association between VMS and likelihood of depressed mood was found. Over 3 years of follow-up, women with often/severe VMS at baseline were more likely to have subsequent depressed mood compared with those without VMS (odds ratios (OR) 1.56, 1.27-1.92). Women with often/severe depressed mood at baseline were also more likely to have subsequent VMS than those without depressed mood (OR 1.89, 1.47-2.44). With further adjustment for the degree of sleep difficulties at baseline, the OR of having a subsequent depressed mood associated with often/severe VMS was attenuated and no longer significant (OR 1.13, 0.90-1.40). Conversely, often/severe depressed mood remained significantly associated with subsequent VMS (OR 1.80, 1.38-2.34). Difficulty in sleeping largely explained the relationship between VMS and subsequent depressed mood, but it had little impact on the relationship between depressed mood and subsequent VMS.

["To suffer an ordeal": Some Swedish physicians' struggle during the nineteenth century against unhygienic female dress].

PubMed

Nordström, M

1993-01-01

Tight-lacing of the female body has been practised at various periods in the history of costume. During the romantic age of the nineteenth century the ideal women had to be pale, weak and often pathologically thin. She was supposed to be of a humble disposition and subservient to her husband (according to the doctrine of subordination). Women laced themselves so tightly that their bodies became deformed, with physical injuries and damage to the internal organs as a consequence. Competition for suitable husbands was keen, since marriage was the only honourable way for a woman to ensure that she would be provided for. It was also in the nineteenth century that doctors were beginning to fight against endemic disease and to argue for a more hygienic way of life. They maintained that women were slaves to fashion and that they dressed in an unhygienic way. Above all, they campaigned against the use of tight-laced corsets. Swedish doctors, such as Anton Nyström, Truls Johan Harterlius and Karolina Widerström headed the fight against the use of laced corsetes, on both medical and social grounds. An improved and "informed" costume was introduced which was meant to allow women greater freedom of movement, thus enabling them to live a more natural life. It was, however, not until 1910 that the tightly-laced corset was abandoned. The conclusion of this is that the history of costume is "the history of absurd follies".

Anthrax Detection: Agencies Need to Validate Sampling Activities in Order to Increase Confidence in Negative Results

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-03-01

validate all activities related to other biothreat agents. In September and October 2001, letters laced with Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spores were...2001, contaminated letters laced with Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax spores ,1 were sent through the mail to two senators, Thomas Daschle and Patrick...equipped workforce collecting the environmental samples; maximized isolation of viable Bacillus anthracis through preservation of spores during transport

The Trinity River Greenway: A Prototype

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-06-01

study have gone into the formulation of a multipurpose plan of management designed to tame the raging waters of the Trinity, subdue its flooding crests...TABLE 6 MAMMALS OF THE STUDY AREA Shorttail Shrew (Blarina brevicauda) Beaver (Castor canadensis) Least Shrew (Crytotis parva) Armadillo (Dasypjs...property resulted. The Trinity became an J :enemy, a raging torrent to be tamed and eventually subdued. Meanwhile, thoughful men began to realize that

Organizational Influences on Interdisciplinary Interactions during Research and Design of Large-Scale Complex Engineered Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McGowan, Anna-Maria R.; Seifert, Colleen M.; Papalambros, Panos Y.

2012-01-01

The design of large-scale complex engineered systems (LaCES) such as an aircraft is inherently interdisciplinary. Multiple engineering disciplines, drawing from a team of hundreds to thousands of engineers and scientists, are woven together throughout the research, development, and systems engineering processes to realize one system. Though research and development (R&D) is typically focused in single disciplines, the interdependencies involved in LaCES require interdisciplinary R&D efforts. This study investigates the interdisciplinary interactions that take place during the R&D and early conceptual design phases in the design of LaCES. Our theoretical framework is informed by both engineering practices and social science research on complex organizations. This paper provides preliminary perspective on some of the organizational influences on interdisciplinary interactions based on organization theory (specifically sensemaking), data from a survey of LaCES experts, and the authors experience in the research and design. The analysis reveals couplings between the engineered system and the organization that creates it. Survey respondents noted the importance of interdisciplinary interactions and their significant benefit to the engineered system, such as innovation and problem mitigation. Substantial obstacles to interdisciplinarity are uncovered beyond engineering that include communication and organizational challenges. Addressing these challenges may ultimately foster greater efficiencies in the design and development of LaCES and improved system performance by assisting with the collective integration of interdependent knowledge bases early in the R&D effort. This research suggests that organizational and human dynamics heavily influence and even constrain the engineering effort for large-scale complex systems.

Effect of External Ankle Support on Ankle and Knee Biomechanics During the Cutting Maneuver in Basketball Players.

PubMed

Klem, Nardia-Rose; Wild, Catherine Y; Williams, Sian A; Ng, Leo

2017-03-01

Despite the high prevalence of lower extremity injuries in female basketball players as well as a high proportion of athletes who wear ankle braces, there is a paucity of research pertaining to the effects of ankle bracing on ankle and knee biomechanics during basketball-specific tasks. To compare the effects of a lace-up brace (ASO), a hinged brace (Active T2), and no ankle bracing (control) on ankle and knee joint kinematics and joint reaction forces in female basketball athletes during a cutting maneuver. Controlled laboratory study. Twenty healthy, semi-elite female basketball players performed a cutting task under both ankle brace conditions (lace-up ankle brace and hinged ankle brace) and a no-brace condition. The 3-dimensional kinematics of the ankle and knee during the cutting maneuver were measured with an 18-camera motion analysis system (250 Hz), and ground-reaction force data were collected by use of a multichannel force plate (2000 Hz) to quantify ankle and knee joint reaction forces. Conditions were randomized using a block randomization method. Compared with the control condition, the hinged ankle brace significantly restricted peak ankle inversion (mean difference, 1.7°; P = .023). No significant difference was found between the lace-up brace and the control condition ( P = .865). Compared with the lace-up brace, the hinged brace significantly reduced ankle and knee joint compressive forces at the time of peak ankle dorsiflexion (mean difference, 1.5 N/kg [ P = .018] and 1.4 N/kg [ P = .013], respectively). Additionally, the hinged ankle brace significantly reduced knee anterior shear forces compared with the lace-up brace both during the deceleration phase and at peak ankle dorsiflexion (mean difference, 0.8 N/kg [ P = .018] and 0.9 N/kg [ P = .011], respectively). The hinged ankle brace significantly reduced ankle inversion compared with the no-brace condition and reduced ankle and knee joint forces compared with the lace-up brace in a female

Human cytochrome P450 isozymes in metabolism and health effects of gasoline ethers.

PubMed

Hong, J Y; Wang, Y Y; Mohr, S N; Bondoc, F Y; Deng, C

2001-05-01

To reduce the production of carbon monoxide and other pollutants in motor vehicle exhaust, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE*), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are added to gasoline as oxygenates for more complete combustion. Among them, MTBE is the most widely used. The possible adverse effect of MTBE in humans is a public concern, but the human enzymes responsible for metabolism of these gasoline ethers and the causes or factors for increased sensitivity to MTBE in certain individuals are totally unknown. This information is important to understanding the health effects of MTBE in humans and to assessing the human relevance of pharmacokinetics and toxicity data obtained from animals. In the present study, we demonstrated that human liver is active in metabolizing MTBE to tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), a major circulating metabolite and an exposure marker of MTBE. The activity is localized in the microsomal fraction but not in the cytosol. Formation of TBA in human liver microsomes is NADPH-dependent and is significantly inhibited by carbon monoxide, which inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. These results provide strong evidence that CYP enzymes play a critical role in the metabolism of MTBE in human livers. Human liver is also active in the oxidative metabolism of 2 other gasoline ethers, ETBE and TAME. We observed a large interindividual variation in metabolizing these gasoline ethers in 15 microsomal samples prepared from normal human livers. The activity level (pmol metabolite/min/mg) ranged from 204 to 2,890 for MTBE; 179 to 3,134 for ETBE; and 271 to 8,532 for TAME. The microsomal activities in metabolizing MTBE, ETBE, and TAME correlated highly with each other (r = 0.91 to 0.96), suggesting that these ethers are metabolized by the same enzyme(s). Correlation analysis of the ether-metabolizing activities with individual CYP enzyme activities in the human liver microsomes showed that the highest degree of correlation was with CYP

Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berger, Kathryn A.; Ginsberg, Howard S.; Dugas, Katherine D.; Hamel, Lutz H.; Mather, Thomas N.

2014-01-01

Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in north temperate regions worldwide, affecting an estimated 300,000 people annually in the United States alone. The incidence of LB is correlated with human exposure to its vector, the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis). To date, attempts to model tick encounter risk based on environmental parameters have been equivocal. Previous studies have not considered (1) the differences between relative humidity (RH) in leaf litter and at weather stations, (2) the RH threshold that affects nymphal blacklegged tick survival, and (3) the time required below the threshold to induce mortality. We clarify the association between environmental moisture and tick survival by presenting a significant relationship between the total number of tick adverse moisture events (TAMEs - calculated as microclimatic periods below a RH threshold) and tick abundance each year.Methods: We used a 14-year continuous statewide tick surveillance database and corresponding weather data from Rhode Island (RI), USA, to assess the effects of TAMEs on nymphal populations of I. scapularis. These TAMEs were defined as extended periods of time (>8 h below 82% RH in leaf litter). We fit a sigmoid curve comparing weather station data to those collected by loggers placed in tick habitats to estimate RH experienced by nymphal ticks, and compiled the number of historical TAMEs during the 14-year record.Results: The total number of TAMEs in June of each year was negatively related to total seasonal nymphal tick densities, suggesting that sub-threshold humidity episodes >8 h in duration naturally lowered nymphal blacklegged tick abundance. Furthermore, TAMEs were positively related to the ratio of tick abundance early in the season when compared to late season, suggesting that lower than average tick abundance for a given year resulted from tick mortality and not from other factors.Conclusions: Our results clarify the mechanism

Behavioral effects of bidirectional selection for behavior towards human in virgin and lactate Norway rats.

PubMed

Konoshenko, Maria Yu; Plyusnina, Irina Z

2012-06-01

Although numerous studies have demonstrated strong differences in behavioral, hormonal and neurobiological characteristics between male rats selected for elimination (tame) and enhancement (aggressive) of aggressiveness towards humans, few studies have examined changes in female behavior under this selection. The objective of the current work was to evaluate the effects of bidirectional selection for aggressiveness towards humans on behavioral profiles of virgin and lactating rats compared with the behavior in tame, aggressive and unselected (wild-type) females. The behavior of virgin females was studied using the light-dark box, the startle response test and the modified glove test. Tame females were less anxious and more tolerant towards humans than unselected and aggressive rats. Principal component analysis of all behavioral parameters produced three independent factors, explaining 66.37% of the total variability. The measures of behavior towards humans and the measures of anxiety mainly loaded on PC1 (first principal component) which separated the tame females from the unselected and aggressive ones. These data suggest the genetic correlation between the selected behavior towards humans and anxiety-related behavior in virgin rats. No significant effect of line was found for PC2 scores, associated with risk assessment behavior. Measurements of freezing behavior mainly loaded on PC3, and this component separated rats of different genetic groups from each other. The behavior of lactating rats was studied in maternal defense and pup retrieval tests. Females of selected lines did not significantly differ in behavioral measurements of these tests and were characterized by higher maternal motivation than unselected rats. It is suggested that long-term breeding of tame and aggressive rats in captivity has reduced the threshold for maternal behavior. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Conceptual study of space plane powered by hypersonic airbreathing propulsion system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maita, Masataka; Ohkami, Yoshiaki; Yamanaka, Tatsuo; Mori, Takashige

1990-10-01

The paper describes the investigations of aerospace plane concept, conducted by the National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL) of Japan, with particular attention given to a concept which integrates a scram/liquid air cycle engine (LACE) hypersonic propulsion system fueling with slush hydrogen. The key requirements in achieving the space plane using scram/LACE propulsion system are described along with the mission requirements and the vehicle characteristics. Typical outputs of SSTO analysis are presented.

Lightning safety of animals.

PubMed

Gomes, Chandima

2012-11-01

This paper addresses a concurrent multidisciplinary problem: animal safety against lightning hazards. In regions where lightning is prevalent, either seasonally or throughout the year, a considerable number of wild, captive and tame animals are injured due to lightning generated effects. The paper discusses all possible injury mechanisms, focusing mainly on animals with commercial value. A large number of cases from several countries have been analyzed. Economically and practically viable engineering solutions are proposed to address the issues related to the lightning threats discussed.

A Smart City Lighting Case Study on an OpenStack-Powered Infrastructure.

PubMed

Merlino, Giovanni; Bruneo, Dario; Distefano, Salvatore; Longo, Francesco; Puliafito, Antonio; Al-Anbuky, Adnan

2015-07-06

The adoption of embedded systems, mobile devices and other smart devices keeps rising globally, and the scope of their involvement broadens, for instance, in smart city-like scenarios. In light of this, a pressing need emerges to tame such complexity and reuse as much tooling as possible without resorting to vertical ad hoc solutions, while at the same time taking into account valid options with regard to infrastructure management and other more advanced functionalities. Existing solutions mainly focus on core mechanisms and do not allow one to scale by leveraging infrastructure or adapt to a variety of scenarios, especially if actuators are involved in the loop. A new, more flexible, cloud-based approach, able to provide device-focused workflows, is required. In this sense, a widely-used and competitive framework for infrastructure as a service, such as OpenStack, with its breadth in terms of feature coverage and expanded scope, looks to fit the bill, replacing current application-specific approaches with an innovative application-agnostic one. This work thus describes the rationale, efforts and results so far achieved for an integration of IoT paradigms and resource ecosystems with such a kind of cloud-oriented device-centric environment, by focusing on a smart city scenario, namely a park smart lighting example, and featuring data collection, data visualization, event detection and coordinated reaction, as example use cases of such integration.

A Smart City Lighting Case Study on an OpenStack-Powered Infrastructure

PubMed Central

Merlino, Giovanni; Bruneo, Dario; Distefano, Salvatore; Longo, Francesco; Puliafito, Antonio; Al-Anbuky, Adnan

2015-01-01

The adoption of embedded systems, mobile devices and other smart devices keeps rising globally, and the scope of their involvement broadens, for instance, in smart city-like scenarios. In light of this, a pressing need emerges to tame such complexity and reuse as much tooling as possible without resorting to vertical ad hoc solutions, while at the same time taking into account valid options with regard to infrastructure management and other more advanced functionalities. Existing solutions mainly focus on core mechanisms and do not allow one to scale by leveraging infrastructure or adapt to a variety of scenarios, especially if actuators are involved in the loop. A new, more flexible, cloud-based approach, able to provide device-focused workflows, is required. In this sense, a widely-used and competitive framework for infrastructure as a service, such as OpenStack, with its breadth in terms of feature coverage and expanded scope, looks to fit the bill, replacing current application-specific approaches with an innovative application-agnostic one. This work thus describes the rationale, efforts and results so far achieved for an integration of IoT paradigms and resource ecosystems with such a kind of cloud-oriented device-centric environment, by focusing on a smart city scenario, namely a park smart lighting example, and featuring data collection, data visualization, event detection and coordinated reaction, as example use cases of such integration. PMID:26153775

Toxicokinetics of ethers used as fuel oxygenates.

PubMed

Dekant, W; Bernauer, U; Rosner, E; Amberg, A

2001-10-15

The toxicokinetics and biotransformation of methyl-tert.butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl-tert.butyl ether (ETBE) and tert.amyl-methyl ether (TAME) in rats and humans are summarized. These ethers are used as gasoline additives in large amounts, and thus, a considerable potential for human exposure exists. After inhalation exposure MTBE, ETBE and TAME are rapidly taken up by both rats and humans; after termination of exposure, clearance by exhalation and biotransformation to urinary metabolites is rapid in rats. In humans, clearance by exhalation is slower in comparison to rats. Biotransformation of MTBE and ETBE is both qualitatively and quantitatively similar in humans and rats after inhalation exposure under identical conditions. The extent of biotransformation of TAME is also quantitatively similar in rats and humans; the metabolic pathways, however, are different. The results suggest that reactive and potentially toxic metabolites are not formed during biotransformation of these ethers and that toxic effects of these compounds initiated by covalent binding to cellular macromolecules are unlikely.

What is a feral cat?: Variation in definitions may be associated with different management strategies.

PubMed

Gosling, Lara; Stavisky, Jenny; Dean, Rachel

2013-09-01

The definition of a true feral cat is an area of much contention, with many variations used worldwide. In this study, opinions were gathered from feral cat rescue workers and veterinary surgeons working in the United Kingdom to identify a practical definition of a feral cat, suitable for use in the field, education and research. A mixed methods approach, using questionnaires and focus groups, was used to collect data from feral cat workers and veterinary surgeons. Conflicts in opinion on the implications of taming feral cats exist. The rescue workers typically felt that most cats could be tamed, whereas the veterinary surgeons felt this was generally inappropriate, except in the case of young kittens. A consistent definition of feral cats would enable better communication regarding the welfare and management of these animals, and would be useful for further research and education of the public. PROPOSED DEFINITION: A feral cat is proposed by this study to be a cat that is unapproachable in its free-roaming environment and is capable of surviving with or without direct human intervention, and may additionally show fearful or defensive behaviour on human contact.

Taming the Wildness of "Trojan-Horse" Peptides by Charge-Guided Masking and Protease-Triggered Demasking for the Controlled Delivery of Antitumor Agents.

PubMed

Shi, Nian-Qiu; Qi, Xian-Rong

2017-03-29

Cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), also called "Trojan Horse" peptide, has become a successful approach to deliver various payloads into cells for achieving the intracellular access. However, the "Trojan Horse" peptide is too wild, not just to "Troy", but rather widely distributed in the body. Thus, there is an urgent need to tame the wildness of "Trojan Horse" peptide for targeted delivery of antineoplastic agents to the tumor site. To achieve this goal, we exploit a masked CPP-doxorubicin conjugate platform for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs using charge-guided masking and protease-triggered demasking strategies. In this platform, the cell-penetrating function of the positively CPP (d-form nonaarginine) is abrogated by a negatively shielding peptide (masked CPP), and between them is a cleavable substrate peptide by the protease (MMP-2/9). Protease-triggered demasking would occur when the masked CPP reached the MMP-2/9-riched tumor. The CPP-doxorubicin conjugate (CPP-Dox) and the masked CPP-Dox conjugate (mCPP-Dox) were used as models for the evaluation of masking and demasking processes. It was found that exogenous MMP-2/9 could effectively trigger the reversion of CPP-cargo in this conjugate, and this trigger adhered to the Michaelis-Menten kinetics profile. This conjugate was sensitive to the trigger of endogenous MMP-2/9 and could induce enhanced cytotoxicity toward MMP-2/9-rich tumor cells. In vivo antitumor efficacy revealed that this masked conjugate had considerable antitumor activity and could inhibit the tumor growth at a higher level relative to CPP-cargo. Low toxicity in vivo showed the noticeably decreased wildness of this conjugate toward normal tissues and more controllable entry of antitumor agents into "Troy". On the basis of analyses in vitro and in vivo, this mCPP-cargo conjugate delivery system held an improved selectivity toward MMP-2/9-rich tumors and would be a promising strategy for tumor-targeted treatment.

Health assessment of gasoline and fuel oxygenate vapors: reproductive toxicity assessment.

PubMed

Gray, Thomas M; Steup, David; Roberts, Linda G; O'Callaghan, James P; Hoffman, Gary; Schreiner, Ceinwen A; Clark, Charles R

2014-11-01

Vapor condensates of baseline gasoline (BGVC), or gasoline-blended with methyl tertiary butyl ether (G/MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (G/ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether (G/TAME), diisopropyl ether (G/DIPE), ethanol (G/EtOH), or t-butyl alcohol (G/TBA) were evaluated for reproductive toxicity in rats at target concentrations of 2000, 10,000, or 20,000mg/m(3), 6h/day, 7days/week. BGVC and G/MTBE were assessed over two generations, the others for one generation. BGVC and G/MTBE F1 offspring were evaluated for neuropathology and changes in regional brain glial fibrillary acidic protein content. No neurotoxicity was observed. Male kidney weight was increased consistent with light hydrocarbon nephropathy. In adult rats, decreased body weight gain and increased liver weight were seen. Spleen weight decreased in adults and pups exposed to G/TBA. No pathological changes to reproductive organs occurred in any study. Decreased food consumption was seen in G/TAME lactating females. Transient decreases in G/TAME offspring weights were observed during lactation. Except for a minor increase in time to mating in G/TBA which did not affect other reproductive parameters, there were no adverse reproductive findings. The NOAEL for reproductive and offspring parameters was 20,000mg/m(3) for all vapor condensates except for lower offspring NOAELs of 10,000mg/m(3) for G/TBA and 2000mg/m(3) for G/TAME. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Health assessment of gasoline and fuel oxygenate vapors: Reproductive toxicity assessment

PubMed Central

Gray, Thomas M.; Steup, David; Roberts, Linda G.; O'Callaghan, James P.; Hoffman, Gary; Schreiner, Ceinwen A.; Clark, Charles R.

2016-01-01

Vapor condensates of baseline gasoline (BGVC), or gasoline-blended with methyl tertiary butyl ether (G/MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (G/ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether (G/TAME), diisopropyl ether (G/DIPE), ethanol (G/EtOH), or t-butyl alcohol (G/TBA) were evaluated for reproductive toxicity in rats at target concentrations of 2000, 10,000, or 20,000 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 7 days/week. BGVC and G/MTBE were assessed over two generations, the others for one generation. BGVC and G/MTBE F1 offspring were evaluated for neuropathology and changes in regional brain glial fibrillary acidic protein content. No neurotoxicity was observed. Male kidney weight was increased consistent with light hydrocarbon nephropathy. In adult rats, decreased body weight gain and increased liver weight were seen. Spleen weight decreased in adults and pups exposed to G/TBA. No pathological changes to reproductive organs occurred in any study. Decreased food consumption was seen in G/TAME lactating females. Transient decreases in G/TAME off-spring weights were observed during lactation. Except for a minor increase in time to mating in G/TBA which did not affect other reproductive parameters, there were no adverse reproductive findings. The NOAEL for reproductive and offspring parameters was 20,000 mg/m3 for all vapor condensates except for lower offspring NOAELs of 10,000 mg/m3 for G/TBA and 2000 mg/m3 for G/TAME. PMID:24813181

Solving a Mock Arsenic-Poisoning Case Using Atomic Spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarr, Matthew A.

2001-01-01

A new upper-level undergraduate atomic spectroscopy laboratory procedure has been developed that presents a realistic problem to students and asks them to assist in solving it. Students are given arsenic-laced soda samples from a mock crime scene. From these samples, they are to gather evidence to help prosecute a murder suspect. The samples are analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy or by atomic absorbance spectroscopy to determine the content of specific metal impurities. By statistical comparison of the samples' composition, the students determine if the soda samples can be linked to arsenic found in the suspect's home. As much as possible, the procedures and interpretations are developed by the students. Particular emphasis is placed on evaluating the limitations and capabilities of the analytical method with respect to the demands of the problem.

Bands of Clouds and Lace

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-05-13

As Cassini nears its rendezvous with Saturn, new detail in the banded clouds of the planet's atmosphere are becoming visible. Cassini began the journey to the ringed world of Saturn nearly seven years ago and is now less than two months away from orbit insertion on June 30. Cassini’s narrow-angle camera took this image on April 16, 2004, when the spacecraft was 38.5 million kilometers (23.9 million miles) from Saturn. Dark regions are generally areas free of high clouds, and bright areas are places with high, thick clouds which shield the view of the darker areas below. A dark spot is visible at the south pole, which is remarkable to scientists because it is so small and centered. The spot could be affected by Saturn's magnetic field, which is nearly aligned with the planet's rotation axis, unlike the magnetic fields of Jupiter and Earth. From south to north, other notable features are the two white spots just above the dark spot toward the right, and the large dark oblong-shaped feature that extends across the middle. The darker band beneath the oblong-shaped feature has begun to show a lacy pattern of lighter-colored, high altitude clouds, indicative of turbulent atmospheric conditions. The cloud bands move at different speeds, and their irregularities may be due to either the different motions between them or to disturbances below the visible cloud layer. Such disturbances might be powered by the planet's internal heat; Saturn radiates more energy than it receives from the Sun. The moon Mimas (396 kilometers, 245 miles across) is visible to the left of the south pole. Saturn currently has 31 known moons. Since launch, 13 new moons have been discovered by ground-based telescopes. Cassini will get a closer look and may discover new moons, perhaps embedded within the planet’s magnificent rings. This image was taken using a filter sensitive to light near 727 nanometers, one of the near-infrared absorption bands of methane gas, which is one of the ingredients in Saturn's atmosphere. The image scale is approximately 231 kilometers (144 miles) per pixel. Contrast has been enhanced to aid visibility of features in the atmosphere. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05391

Lacing Together Mathematics and Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirich, Denise L.; Cavey, Laurie O.

2015-01-01

In this article, the authors drew on the cultural traditions associated with the Shoshoni-Paiute tribes to design a lesson to engage students in problem solving and making arguments for their strategies. The reservation school is in an isolated rural community 100 miles from any other larger town and the participants for this article were the…

Position Paper: Designing Complex Systems to Support Interdisciplinary Cognitive Work

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Greene, Melissa T.; Papalambros, Panos Y.; Mcgowan, Anna-Maria R.

2016-01-01

The paper argues that the field we can call cognitive science of interdisciplinary collaboration is an important area of study for improving design of Large-Scale Complex Systems (LaCES) and supporting cognitive work. The paper mostly raised questions that have been documented in earlier qualitative analysis studies, and provided possible avenues of exploration for addressing them. There are likely further contributions from additional disciplines beyond those mentioned in this paper that should be considered and integrated into such a cognitive science framework. Knowledge and awareness of various perspectives will help to inform the types of interventions available for improving LaCES design and functionality. For example, a cognitive interpretation of interdisciplinary collaborations in LaCES elucidated the need for a "translator" or "mediator" in helping subject matter experts to transcend language boundaries, mitigate single discipline bias, support integrative activities, and correct misaligned objectives. Additional research in this direction is likely to uncover similar gaps and opportunities for improvements in practice.

The roles of impact and inertia in the failure of a shoelace knot

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daily-Diamond, Christopher A.; Gregg, Christine E.; O'Reilly, Oliver M.

2017-04-01

The accidental untying of a shoelace while walking often occurs without warning. In this paper, we discuss the series of events that lead to a shoelace knot becoming untied. First, the repeated impact of the shoe on the floor during walking serves to loosen the knot. Then, the whipping motions of the free ends of the laces caused by the leg swing produce slipping of the laces. This leads to eventual runaway untangling of the knot. As demonstrated using slow-motion video footage and a series of experiments, the failure of the knot happens in a matter of seconds, often without warning, and is catastrophic. The controlled experiments showed that increasing inertial effects of the swinging laces leads to increased rate of knot untying, that the directions of the impact and swing influence the rate of failure, and that the knot structure has a profound influence on a knot's tendency to untie under cyclic impact loading.

Taming Tempers

MedlinePlus

... Development Infections Diseases & Conditions Pregnancy & Baby Nutrition & Fitness Emotions & Behavior School & Family Life First Aid & Safety Doctors & ... not to scream. What You Can Do Regulating emotions and managing behavior are skills that develop slowly ...

Acute Parotitis as a Complication of Noninvasive Ventilation.

PubMed

Alaya, S; Mofredj, Ali; Tassaioust, K; Bahloul, H; Mrabet, A

2016-09-01

Several conditions, including oropharyngeal dryness, pressure sores, ocular irritation, epistaxis, or gastric distension, have been described during noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Although this technique has been widely used in intensive care units and emergency wards, acute swelling of the parotid gland remains a scarcely reported complication. We describe herein the case of an 82-year-old man who developed unilateral parotitis during prolonged NIV for acute heart failure. Intravenous antibiotics, corticosteroids, and adjusting the mask laces' position allowed rapid resolution of clinical symptoms. © The Author(s) 2016.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Osipov, D V

We prove noncommutative reciprocity laws on an algebraic surface defined over a perfect field. These reciprocity laws establish that some central extensions of globally constructed groups split over certain subgroups constructed by points or projective curves on a surface. For a two-dimensional local field with a last finite residue field, the local central extension which is constructed is isomorphic to the central extension which comes from the case of tame ramification of the Abelian two-dimensional local Langlands correspondence suggested by Kapranov. Bibliography: 9 titles.

The synthesis and toxicity of tripodal tricarbonyl rhenium complexes as radiopharmaceutical models

PubMed Central

Robenstine, Sarah; Barone, Natalie V.; Underwood, Adam C.; Milsted, Amy; Franklin, Brenton R.; Herrick, Richard S.; Ziegler, Christopher J.

2012-01-01

We report the synthesis and toxicity of a series of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes incorporating the trisaminomethylethane (TAME) ligand. Compounds with the (TAME)Re(CO)3+ cation were synthesized via several routes, including by use of Re(CO)5X precursors as well as the aqueous cation Re(CO)3(H2O)3+. Salts of the formula [(TAME)Re(CO)3]X where X = Br−, Cl−, NO3−, PF6− and ClO4− were evaluated using two cell lines: the monoclonal S3 HeLa line and a vascular smooth muscle cell line harvested from mice. All compounds have isostructural cations and differ only in the identity of the non-coordinating anion. None of the complexes exhibited any appreciable toxicity in the HeLa line up to the solubility limit. In the vascular smooth muscle cell line, the bromide salt exhibited some cytotoxicity, but this observation most likely results from the presence of bromide anion, which has been shown to have limited toxicity. PMID:20362340

Effects of Divergent Selection for Fear of Humans on Behaviour in Red Junglefowl.

PubMed

Agnvall, Beatrix; Jensen, Per

2016-01-01

Domestication has caused a range of similar phenotypic changes across taxa, relating to physiology, morphology and behaviour. It has been suggested that this recurring domesticated phenotype may be a result of correlated responses to a central trait, namely increased tameness. We selected Red Junglefowl, the ancestors of domesticated chickens, during five generations for reduced fear of humans. This caused a marked and significant response in tameness, and previous studies have found correlated effects on growth, metabolism, reproduction, and some behaviour not directly selected for. Here, we report the results from a series of behavioural tests carried out on the initial parental generation (P0) and the fifth selected generation (S5), focusing on behaviour not functionally related to tameness, in order to study any correlated effects. Birds were tested for fear of humans, social reinstatement tendency, open field behaviour at two different ages, foraging/exploration, response to a simulated aerial predator attack and tonic immobility. In S5, there were no effects of selection on foraging/exploration or tonic immobility, while in the social reinstatement and open field tests there were significant interactions between selection and sex. In the aerial predator test, there were significant main effects of selection, indicating that fear of humans may represent a general wariness towards predators. In conclusion, we found only small correlated effects on behaviours not related to the tameness trait selected for, in spite of them showing high genetic correlations to fear of humans in a previous study on the same population. This suggests that species-specific behaviour is generally resilient to changes during domestication.

Photoluminescence and Coordination Behaviour of Lanthanide Complexes of Tris (Aminomethyl)Ethane-5-Oxine in Aqueous Solution.

PubMed

Akbar, Rifat; Baral, Minati; Kanungo, B K

2017-01-01

Photophysical properties of a multidentate tripodal ligand, 5,5'-(2-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl) methylamino)methyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl) bis (azanediyl)bis (methylene)diquinolin-8-ol, (TAME5OX), with La 3+ and Er 3+ ions have been examined for photonics applications. The change in behavior in electronic spectra of these complexes reveals the use of TAME5OX as a sensitive optical pH based sensor to detect Ln 3+ ions whereas indication of strong green fluorescence allows simultaneous sensing within the visible region in competitive medium. The intense fluorescence intermittently gets quenched under acidic and basic conditions due to photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer from the excited 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) moiety to the metal ion. This renders these compounds the OFF-ON-OFF type of pH-dependent fluorescent sensor. The thermodynamic stability and coordination behaviour of the chelator with the said lanthanide ions have also been probed by potentiometric, UV - visible and fluorescence spectrophotometric method. TAME5OX forms protonated complex [Ln (H 4 L)] 4+ below pH ~4.0 which sequentially deprotonates through one proton process with increase of pH. The stability constants of neutral complexes have been determined to be in the range log β 110  = 32-34 and pLn in the range of 14-20, indicating TAME5OX is a good synthetic lanthanide chelator. Theoretical spectra were also calculated by ZINDO/s methodology at single excitations (CIS) level on PM7 as sparkle energy-minimized geometries.

Comparison of conventional and novel quadrupole drift tube magnets inspired by Klaus Halbach

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feinberg, B.

1995-02-01

Quadrupole drift tube magnets for a heavy-ion linac provide a demanding application of magnet technology. A comparison is made of three different solutions to the problem of providing an adjustable high-field-strength quadrupole magnet in a small volume. A conventional tape-wound electromagnet quadrupole magnet (conventional) is compared with an adjustable permanent-magnet/iron quadrupole magnet (hybrid) and a laced permanent-magnet/iron/electromagnet (laced). Data is presented from magnets constructed for the SuperHILAC heavy-ion linear accelerator, and conclusions are drawn for various applications.

Taming the runaway problem of inflationary landscapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hall, Lawrence J.; Watari, Taizan; Yanagida, T. T.

2006-05-01

A wide variety of vacua, and their cosmological realization, may provide an explanation for the apparently anthropic choices of some parameters of particle physics and cosmology. If the probability on various parameters is weighted by volume, a flat potential for slow-roll inflation is also naturally understood, since the flatter the potential the larger the volume of the subuniverse. However, such inflationary landscapes have a serious problem, predicting an environment that makes it exponentially hard for observers to exist and giving an exponentially small probability for a moderate universe like ours. A general solution to this problem is proposed, and is illustrated in the context of inflaton decay and leptogenesis, leading to an upper bound on the reheating temperature in our subuniverse. In a particular scenario of chaotic inflation and nonthermal leptogenesis, predictions can be made for the size of CP violating phases, the rate of neutrinoless double beta decay and, in the case of theories with gauge-mediated weak-scale supersymmetry, for the fundamental scale of supersymmetry breaking.

Influence of rare earth content on Mm-based AB 5 metal hydride alloys for Ni-MH batteries-An X-ray fluorescence study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ananth, M. V.; Raju, M.; Manimaran, K.; Balachandran, G.; Nair, Lekshmi M.

AB 5-type MH alloys with Mm (Misch metal) as the A part (with varied rare earth contents in Mm) were investigated for rare earth by XRF analysis and battery performance by life cycle tests with an objective of understanding the influence of rare earth content on electrochemical hydrogen storage. The La/Ce ratio was found to vary from 0.51 to 18.73. The capacity output varied between 179 and 266 mAh g -1. The results show that the La/Ce ratio has a strong influence on the performance, with the best performance realized with samples having an La/Ce ratio of around 12. La enhancement facilitates easy activation due to refinement in grain size and interstitial dimensions. Also, an orderly influence on crystalline structure could be seen. The study demonstrates that the rare earth content is an essential factor in determining the maximum capacity output because of its influence on crystal orientation as well as an increase in the radius of the interstitials, lattice constants and cell volumes.

CSI flight experiment projects of the Naval Research Laboratory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fisher, Shalom

1993-01-01

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is involved in an active program of CSI flight experiments. The first CSI flight experiment of the Naval Research Laboratory, the Low Power Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (LACE) dynamics experiment, has successfully measured vibrations of an orbiting satellite with a ground-based laser radar. The observations, made on January 7, 8 and 10, 1991, represent the first ever measurements of this type. In the tests, a narrowband heterodyne CO2 laser radar, operating at a wavelength of 10.6 microns, detected vibration induced differential-Doppler signatures of the LACE satellite. Power spectral densities of forced oscillations and modal frequencies and damping rates of free-damped vibrations were obtained and compared with finite element structural models of the LACE system. Another manifested flight experiment is the Advanced Controls Technology Experiment (ACTEX) designed to demonstrate active and passive damping with piezo-electric (PZT) sensors and actuators. This experiment was developed under the management of the Air Force Phillips Laboratory with integration of the experiment at NRL. It is to ride as a secondary, or 'piggyback,' experiment on a future Navy satellite.

CSI flight experiment projects of the Naval Research Laboratory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fisher, Shalom

1993-02-01

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is involved in an active program of CSI flight experiments. The first CSI flight experiment of the Naval Research Laboratory, the Low Power Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (LACE) dynamics experiment, has successfully measured vibrations of an orbiting satellite with a ground-based laser radar. The observations, made on January 7, 8 and 10, 1991, represent the first ever measurements of this type. In the tests, a narrowband heterodyne CO2 laser radar, operating at a wavelength of 10.6 microns, detected vibration induced differential-Doppler signatures of the LACE satellite. Power spectral densities of forced oscillations and modal frequencies and damping rates of free-damped vibrations were obtained and compared with finite element structural models of the LACE system. Another manifested flight experiment is the Advanced Controls Technology Experiment (ACTEX) designed to demonstrate active and passive damping with piezo-electric (PZT) sensors and actuators. This experiment was developed under the management of the Air Force Phillips Laboratory with integration of the experiment at NRL. It is to ride as a secondary, or 'piggyback,' experiment on a future Navy satellite.

Parallel Navier-Stokes computations on shared and distributed memory architectures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hayder, M. Ehtesham; Jayasimha, D. N.; Pillay, Sasi Kumar

1995-01-01

We study a high order finite difference scheme to solve the time accurate flow field of a jet using the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. As part of our ongoing efforts, we have implemented our numerical model on three parallel computing platforms to study the computational, communication, and scalability characteristics. The platforms chosen for this study are a cluster of workstations connected through fast networks (the LACE experimental testbed at NASA Lewis), a shared memory multiprocessor (the Cray YMP), and a distributed memory multiprocessor (the IBM SPI). Our focus in this study is on the LACE testbed. We present some results for the Cray YMP and the IBM SP1 mainly for comparison purposes. On the LACE testbed, we study: (1) the communication characteristics of Ethernet, FDDI, and the ALLNODE networks and (2) the overheads induced by the PVM message passing library used for parallelizing the application. We demonstrate that clustering of workstations is effective and has the potential to be computationally competitive with supercomputers at a fraction of the cost.

Atraumatic bilateral rupture of the peroneus brevis tendon in recreational sport: A case report

PubMed Central

Scheidegger, Patric; Weisskopf, Lukas; Hirschmüller, Anja

2017-01-01

Issue: Lower extremity tendon injuries often occur in physically active individuals. Most ruptures not involving great force are diagnosed in patients presenting underlying tendon degenerations. This also applies to patients taking medications because of a disease. We have observed several cases of bilateral Achilles tendon ruptures in patients who have been taking cortisone for a long period. We treated a healthy colleague (neurologist) in our clinic who sustained ruptures of the Achilles tendon on the left side (2012) and the peroneus brevis tendon on left side (2015) and right side (2016) after minimal traumata. Aim of this report is to provide a systematic review of this case and a literature review of similar cases, as few such cases have been published. Methods: We reviewed and analysed this patient’s records containing the sport-specific anamnesis, pre-existing condition, anamnesis of medications and therapy. The three injuries were magnetic resonance imaging–proven. Furthermore, the tendon’s condition was examined histologically in the context of the operative treatment through lace technique of the Achilles tendon and transfer of the peroneus brevis to the peroneus longus. We also researched the literature for bilateral ruptures of the peroneal tendons. Results and conclusion: The anamnesis confirmed no underlying disease. The patient took a macrolide antibiotic about half a year prior to the first peroneal injury for an otitis media. He denied having taken any other antibiotics, especially no quinolone antibiotics. However, the patient reported cortisone intake for 2 days some months before the second peroneal injury to treat an allergic reaction. That involved no local cortisone infiltration in the lower extremity. He underwent surgery within the first 2 weeks after each trauma. Each time, postoperative follow-ups revealed a good healing process. Three months after each operation, the patient was free of complaints. Axibal and Anderson described a

Resistance mechanisms in Pieris taxa (Ericaceae) to Stephanitis takeyai (Hemiptera: Tingidae).

PubMed

Nair, Shakunthala; Braman, S Kristine; Knauft, D A

2012-10-01

This study examines some of the potential mechanisms of resistance in selected Pieris (Ericaceae) taxa to the Andromeda lace bug, Stephanitis takeyai Drake and Maa, based on differences in resistance to lace bug feeding, and the possible role of leaf parameters such as leaf wax, toughness, nutrient composition, and stomatal characters in plant resistance. Experiments with extracts of leaf-surface lipids revealed that Pieris leaf wax did not have a role in resistance to lace bug feeding. Leaf wax extracts from a resistant species P. phillyreifolia (Hook.) DC. applied to leaves of a susceptible cultivar P. japonica (Thunb.) D.Don ex G.Don 'Temple Bells' did not affect feeding, oviposition, or survival of S. takeyai; and neither the extracts from Temple Bells induce susceptibility in P. phillyreifolia. Leaf penetrometer measurements indicated that significantly higher force was required to puncture P. phillyreifolia leaves, which also had higher fiber, lignin, and cellulose, and lower leaf moisture contents. Ultrastructural examination of leaves of Pieris taxa revealed significant differences in the number and size of stomata. P. phillyreifolia leaves had the highest number of stomata per unit area but these were the smallest in size, whereas P. japonica (Thunb.) D.Don ex G.Don Temple Bells leaves had the fewest and largest stomata. Resistance in Pieris taxa to S. takeyai may be attributed to a combination of different factors including leaf toughness, moisture, and stomatal characters. The type of resistance may be described as antixenosis combined with antibiosis, because reduced adult survival and reproduction were observed on the taxa resistant to lace bug feeding.

Effects of Divergent Selection for Fear of Humans on Behaviour in Red Junglefowl

PubMed Central

Agnvall, Beatrix; Jensen, Per

2016-01-01

Domestication has caused a range of similar phenotypic changes across taxa, relating to physiology, morphology and behaviour. It has been suggested that this recurring domesticated phenotype may be a result of correlated responses to a central trait, namely increased tameness. We selected Red Junglefowl, the ancestors of domesticated chickens, during five generations for reduced fear of humans. This caused a marked and significant response in tameness, and previous studies have found correlated effects on growth, metabolism, reproduction, and some behaviour not directly selected for. Here, we report the results from a series of behavioural tests carried out on the initial parental generation (P0) and the fifth selected generation (S5), focusing on behaviour not functionally related to tameness, in order to study any correlated effects. Birds were tested for fear of humans, social reinstatement tendency, open field behaviour at two different ages, foraging/exploration, response to a simulated aerial predator attack and tonic immobility. In S5, there were no effects of selection on foraging/exploration or tonic immobility, while in the social reinstatement and open field tests there were significant interactions between selection and sex. In the aerial predator test, there were significant main effects of selection, indicating that fear of humans may represent a general wariness towards predators. In conclusion, we found only small correlated effects on behaviours not related to the tameness trait selected for, in spite of them showing high genetic correlations to fear of humans in a previous study on the same population. This suggests that species-specific behaviour is generally resilient to changes during domestication. PMID:27851792

Turbidity dynamics during spring storm events in an urban headwater river system: the Upper Tame, West Midlands, UK.

PubMed

Lawler, D M; Petts, G E; Foster, I D L; Harper, S

2006-05-01

Turbidity is an important water quality variable, through its relation to light suppression, BOD impact, sediment-associated contaminant transport, and suspended sediment effects on organisms and habitats. Yet few published field investigations of wet-weather turbidity dynamics, through several individual and sequenced rainstorms in extremely urbanised headwater basins, have emerged. This paper aims to address this gap through a turbidity analysis of multiple storm events in spring 2001 in an urban headwater basin (57 km2) of the River Tame, central England, the most urbanised basin for its size in the UK ( approximately 42%). Data were collected at 15-min frequency at automated monitoring stations for rainfall, streamflow and six water quality variables (turbidity, EC, temperature, DO, pH, ammonia). Disturbance experiments also allowed estimates of bed sediment storage to be obtained. Six important and unusual features of the storm event turbidity response were apparent: (1) sluggish early turbidity response, followed by a turbidity 'rush'; (2) quasi-coincident flow and turbidity peaks; (3) anti-clockwise hysteresis in the discharge-turbidity relationship on all but one event, resulting from Falling-LImb Turbidity Extensions (FLITEs); (4) increases in peak turbidity levels through storm sequences; (5) initial micro-pulses (IMP) in turbidity; and (6) secondary turbidity peaks (STP) or 'turbidity shoulders' (TS). These features provided very little evidence of a true 'first-flush' effect: instead, substantial suspended solids transport continued right through the flow recessions, and little storm-event sediment exhaustion was evident. A new, dimensionless, hysteresis index, HI(mid), is developed to quantify the magnitude and direction of hysteresis in a simple, clear, direct and intuitive manner. This allowed the degree of departure from the classic 'first-flush', clockwise hysteresis models to be assessed. Of the 15 turbidity events considered, 10 coincided with

Enhanced gauge symmetry in type II and F-theory compactifications: Dynkin diagrams from polyhedra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perevalov, Eugene; Skarke, Harald

1997-02-01

We explain the observation by Candelas and Font that the Dynkin diagrams of non-abelian gauge groups occurring in type IIA and F-theory can be read off from the polyhedron Δ ∗ that provides the toric description of the Calabi-Yau manifold used for compactification. We show how the intersection pattern of toric divisors corresponding to the degeneration of elliptic fibers follows the ADE classification of singularities and the Kodaira classification of degenerations. We treat in detail the cases of elliptic K3 surfaces and K3 fibered threefolds where the fiber is again elliptic. We also explain how even the occurrence of monodromy and non-simply laced groups in the latter case is visible in the toric picture. These methods also work in the fourfold case.

Collegiate Football Players' Ankle Range of Motion and Dynamic Balance in Braced and Self-Adherent-Taped Conditions.

PubMed

Willeford, Kristin; Stanek, Justin M; McLoda, Todd A

2018-01-01

  Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in the physically active population. Previous researchers have shown that supporting the ankle with taping or bracing is effective in preventing ankle sprains. However, no authors have compared the effects of self-adherent tape and lace-up ankle braces on ankle range of motion (ROM) and dynamic balance in collegiate football players.   To examine the effectiveness of self-adherent tape and lace-up ankle braces in reducing ankle ROM and improving dynamic balance before and after a typical collegiate football practice.   Crossover study.   Collegiate athletic training room.   Twenty-nine National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football athletes (age = 19.2 ± 1.14 years, height = 187.52 ± 20.54 cm, mass = 106.44 ± 20.54 kg).   Each participant wore each prophylactic ankle support during a single practice, self-adherent tape on 1 leg and lace-up ankle brace on the other. Range of motion and dynamic balance were assessed 3 times for each leg throughout the testing session (baseline, prepractice, postpractice).   Ankle ROM for inversion, eversion, dorsiflexion, and plantar flexion were measured at baseline, immediately after donning the brace or tape, and immediately after a collegiate practice. The Y-Balance Test was used to assess dynamic balance at these same time points.   Both interventions were effective in reducing ROM in all directions compared with baseline; however, dynamic balance did not differ between the tape and brace conditions.   Both the self-adherent tape and lace-up ankle brace provided equal ROM restriction before and after exercise, with no change in dynamic balance.

Likelihood of Entanglement when Materials are Dropped Vertically onto a Rotating PTO Knuckle.

PubMed

Schwab, Charles V; Rempe, Isaac J

2017-11-20

Power take-off (PTO) is a common method of transferring power from a tractor to a towed piece of machinery. The PTO is also a well-documented cause of severe and often permanent disabling injuries to farm operators. The physical conditions that cause entanglements are not well established. Several studies have explored the parameters of PTO entanglements as materials have been drawn across a rotating PTO knuckle to test for entanglement probability. The objective of this study was to determine probability of entanglement when materials are dropped vertically onto a PTO knuckle spinning at 540 rpm. A total of 360 randomized trials were conducted with ten replications for each of the six positions (center of yoke, edge of yoke rotating downward, edge of yoke rotating upward, center of cross, edge of cross rotating downward, and edge of cross rotating upward) and six different materials (woven cotton athletic shoe lace, cotton workboot lace, leather workboot lace, cotton twine, denim strip, and Tyvek strip). Not a single entanglement was recorded. Dramatic high-speed video imagery authenticated the material's motion and path as it interacted with the rotating PTO knuckle. Copyright© by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers.

A comparison of brain gene expression levels in domesticated and wild animals.

PubMed

Albert, Frank W; Somel, Mehmet; Carneiro, Miguel; Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer; Halbwax, Michel; Thalmann, Olaf; Blanco-Aguiar, Jose A; Plyusnina, Irina Z; Trut, Lyudmila; Villafuerte, Rafael; Ferrand, Nuno; Kaiser, Sylvia; Jensen, Per; Pääbo, Svante

2012-09-01

Domestication has led to similar changes in morphology and behavior in several animal species, raising the question whether similarities between different domestication events also exist at the molecular level. We used mRNA sequencing to analyze genome-wide gene expression patterns in brain frontal cortex in three pairs of domesticated and wild species (dogs and wolves, pigs and wild boars, and domesticated and wild rabbits). We compared the expression differences with those between domesticated guinea pigs and a distant wild relative (Cavia aperea) as well as between two lines of rats selected for tameness or aggression towards humans. There were few gene expression differences between domesticated and wild dogs, pigs, and rabbits (30-75 genes (less than 1%) of expressed genes were differentially expressed), while guinea pigs and C. aperea differed more strongly. Almost no overlap was found between the genes with differential expression in the different domestication events. In addition, joint analyses of all domesticated and wild samples provided only suggestive evidence for the existence of a small group of genes that changed their expression in a similar fashion in different domesticated species. The most extreme of these shared expression changes include up-regulation in domesticates of SOX6 and PROM1, two modulators of brain development. There was almost no overlap between gene expression in domesticated animals and the tame and aggressive rats. However, two of the genes with the strongest expression differences between the rats (DLL3 and DHDH) were located in a genomic region associated with tameness and aggression, suggesting a role in influencing tameness. In summary, the majority of brain gene expression changes in domesticated animals are specific to the given domestication event, suggesting that the causative variants of behavioral domestication traits may likewise be different.

A Comparison of Brain Gene Expression Levels in Domesticated and Wild Animals

PubMed Central

Albert, Frank W.; Somel, Mehmet; Carneiro, Miguel; Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer; Halbwax, Michel; Thalmann, Olaf; Blanco-Aguiar, Jose A.; Trut, Lyudmila; Villafuerte, Rafael; Ferrand, Nuno; Kaiser, Sylvia; Jensen, Per; Pääbo, Svante

2012-01-01

Domestication has led to similar changes in morphology and behavior in several animal species, raising the question whether similarities between different domestication events also exist at the molecular level. We used mRNA sequencing to analyze genome-wide gene expression patterns in brain frontal cortex in three pairs of domesticated and wild species (dogs and wolves, pigs and wild boars, and domesticated and wild rabbits). We compared the expression differences with those between domesticated guinea pigs and a distant wild relative (Cavia aperea) as well as between two lines of rats selected for tameness or aggression towards humans. There were few gene expression differences between domesticated and wild dogs, pigs, and rabbits (30–75 genes (less than 1%) of expressed genes were differentially expressed), while guinea pigs and C. aperea differed more strongly. Almost no overlap was found between the genes with differential expression in the different domestication events. In addition, joint analyses of all domesticated and wild samples provided only suggestive evidence for the existence of a small group of genes that changed their expression in a similar fashion in different domesticated species. The most extreme of these shared expression changes include up-regulation in domesticates of SOX6 and PROM1, two modulators of brain development. There was almost no overlap between gene expression in domesticated animals and the tame and aggressive rats. However, two of the genes with the strongest expression differences between the rats (DLL3 and DHDH) were located in a genomic region associated with tameness and aggression, suggesting a role in influencing tameness. In summary, the majority of brain gene expression changes in domesticated animals are specific to the given domestication event, suggesting that the causative variants of behavioral domestication traits may likewise be different. PMID:23028369

Identification of the APC/C co-factor FZR1 as a novel therapeutic target for multiple myeloma.

PubMed

Crawford, Lisa J; Anderson, Gordon; Johnston, Cliona K; Irvine, Alexandra E

2016-10-25

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a haematological neoplasm characterised by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. The success of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of MM has highlighted the importance of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, we analysed gene expression of UPS components to identify novel therapeutic targets within this pathway in MM. Here we demonstrate how this approach identified previously validated and novel therapeutic targets. In addition we show that FZR1 (Fzr), a cofactor of the multi-subunit E3 ligase complex anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), represents a novel therapeutic target in myeloma. The APC/C associates independently with two cofactors, Fzr and Cdc20, to control cell cycle progression. We found high levels of FZR1 in MM primary cells and cell lines and demonstrate that expression is further increased on adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Specific knockdown of either FZR1 or CDC20 reduced viability and induced growth arrest of MM cell lines, and resulted in accumulation of APC/CFzr substrate Topoisomerase IIα (TOPIIα) or APC/CCdc20 substrate Cyclin B. Similar effects were observed following treatment with proTAME, an inhibitor of both APC/CFzr and APC/CCdc20. Combinations of proTAME with topoisomerase inhibitors, etoposide and doxorubicin, significantly increased cell death in MM cell lines and primary cells, particularly if TOPIIα levels were first increased through pre-treatment with proTAME. Similarly, combinations of proTAME with the microtubule inhibitor vincristine resulted in enhanced cell death. This study demonstrates the potential of targeting the APC/C and its cofactors as a therapeutic approach in MM.

Consistent Assignment of the Vibrations of Monohalosubstituted Benzenes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harris, Joe; Andrejeva, Anna; Tuttle, William Duncan; Pugliesi, Igor; Schriever, Christian; Wright, Tim

2014-06-01

When substituted benzenes become a focus of a spectroscopic study there are various well known vibrational labelling schemes present, however it was shown in recent works the description of monohalobenzene vibrations in terms of benzene modes (ie. Wilson notation) is questionable in some cases. A new scheme is presented which uses the motions of monofluorobenzene vibrations as a basis for labelling vibrational assignments of monosubstituted benzenes.d The scheme has been successfully applied to the ground and excited states of toluene and its deuterated-methyl group isotopologue. Here we present the application of the scheme to fluorobenzene and its fully deuterated analogue. One-colour resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy was employed in order to characterise the fluorobenzene and fluorobenzene-d5 excited state. E. B. Wilson Jr., Phys. Rev., 45, 706 (1934) G .Varsanyi, Assignments of the Vibrational Spectra of Seven Hundred Benzene Derivatives,Wiley, New York, 1974, Vol. I and II I. Pugliesi, N. C. Tonge and M. C. R. Cockett, J. Chem. Phys., 129, 104303 (2008) A. M. Gardner and T. G. Wright, J. Chem. Phys., 135,114305 (2011) A. M. Gardner, A. M. Green, V. M. Tame-Reyes, V. H. K. Wilton and T. G. Wright, 138, 134303 (2013) A. M. Gardner, A. M. Green, V. M. Tame-Reyes, K. L. Reid, J. A. Davies, V. H. K. Wilton and T. G. Wright, manuscript accepted

Co-extrusion of semi-finished aluminium-steel compounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thürer, S. E.; Uhe, J.; Golovko, O.; Bonk, C.; Bouguecha, A.; Klose, C.; Behrens, B.-A.; Maier, H. J.

2017-10-01

The combination of light metals and steels allows for new lightweight components with wear-resistant functional surfaces. Within the Collaborative Research Centre 1153 novel process chains are developed for the manufacture of such hybrid components. Here, the production process of a hybrid bearing bushing made of the aluminium alloy EN AW-6082 and the case-hardened steel 20MnCr5 is developed. Hybrid semi-finished products are an attractive alternative to conventional ones resulting from massive forming processes where the individual components are joined after the forming process. The actual hybrid semi-finished products were manufactured using a lateral angular co-extrusion (LACE) process. The bearing bushings are subsequently produced by die forging. In the present study, a tool concept for the LACE process is described, which renders the continuous joining of a steel rod with an aluminium tube possible. During the LACE process, the rod is fed into the extrusion die at an angle of approx. 90°. Metallographic analysis of the hybrid profile showed that the mechanical bonding between the different materials begins about 75 mm after the edge of the aluminium sheath. In order to improve the bonding strength, the steel rod is to be preheated during extrusion. Systematic investigations using a dilatometer, considering the maximum possible co-extrusion process parameters, were carried out. The variable parameters for the dilatometer experiments were determined by numerical simulation. In order to form a bond between the materials, the oxide layer needs to be disrupted during the co-extrusion process. In an attempt to better understand this effect, a modified sample geometry with chamfered steel was developed for the dilatometer experiments. The influence of the process parameters on the formation of the intermetallic phase at the interface was analysed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. This article, which was originally published online on 16

Taming parallel I/O complexity with auto-tuning

DOE PAGES

Behzad, Babak; Luu, Huong Vu Thanh; Huchette, Joseph; ...

2013-11-17

We present an auto-tuning system for optimizing I/O performance of HDF5 applications and demonstrate its value across platforms, applications, and at scale. The system uses a genetic algorithm to search a large space of tunable parameters and to identify effective settings at all layers of the parallel I/O stack. The parameter settings are applied transparently by the auto-tuning system via dynamically intercepted HDF5 calls. To validate our auto-tuning system, we applied it to three I/O benchmarks (VPIC, VORPAL, and GCRM) that replicate the I/O activity of their respective applications. We tested the system with different weak-scaling configurations (128, 2048, andmore » 4096 CPU cores) that generate 30 GB to 1 TB of data, and executed these configurations on diverse HPC platforms (Cray XE6, IBM BG/P, and Dell Cluster). In all cases, the auto-tuning framework identified tunable parameters that substantially improved write performance over default system settings. In conclusion, we consistently demonstrate I/O write speedups between 2x and 100x for test configurations.« less

Tame a Tornado

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cronin, Jim

2003-01-01

The author was looking for a demonstration that actually used wind shear forces to set up the tornado effect when he saw a video produced by The Tornado Project called "Secrets of the Tornado". This video not only shows dozens of actual tornadoes, but also gives construction techniques for several different styles of tornado boxes that are…

Taming the Chaos

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Doug

2010-01-01

The ability to distract has put the use of laptops, netbooks, cell phones, PDAs, iPod/MP3 players, and portable game players on the banned list in many schools. Educators are discovering that students are more interested in online resources, such as Facebook, game sites, chat, and YouTube, than classroom lectures and textbook chapters about the…

Taming the Beast

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Will

2007-01-01

Blogs, wikis, and other nifty Web-based tools, ones that enable everyone to create and distribute content like never before, get all the glory, it seems. Then there are the applications that help them organize all that material that they consume online. Though not as sexy, perhaps, as blogging or podcasting, social bookmarking is equally…

Taming the Saxophone

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Sean

2013-01-01

The saxophone section of a wind ensemble can easily be one of the most frustrating to work with when it comes to producing a clear, characteristic tone. Sometimes, the road to an improved sound can be a long path of daily diligence and practice; however, there are many quicker solutions that will drastically improve a student's tone. This article…

Oncogenic osteomalacia: a clinicopathologic study of 17 bone lesions.

PubMed Central

Park, Y. K.; Unni, K. K.; Beabout, J. W.; Hodgson, S. F.

1994-01-01

Oncogenic osteomalacia is an unusual and rare clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by mesenchymal tumors that apparently produce osteomalacia and biochemical abnormalities consisting of hypophosphatemia, normocalcemia, and increased levels of alkaline phosphatase. We collected from the Mayo Clinic files and from our consultation files the records for 17 cases of osteomalacia associated with bone lesions. There were five cases of fibrous dysplasia, three of hemangiopericytoma, and two of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor. There was one case each of osteosarcoma, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, giant cell tumor, metaphyseal fibrous defect, and hemangioma. In this study we can figure out that the most common characteristic histologic features of our cases were hemangiopericytomatous vascular proliferation, fine lace-like stromal calcification, and stromal giant cells. In most of the cases, the clinical and biochemical symptoms and signs resolved soon after complete resection of the lesion. When the lesion recurred or metastasized, the symptoms and signs also recurred. PMID:7848576

Cryogenic hydrogen-induced air-liquefaction technologies for combined-cycle propulsion applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Escher, William J. D.

1992-01-01

Given here is a technical assessment of the realization of cryogenic hydrogen induced air liquefaction technologies in a prospective onboard aerospace vehicle process setting. The technical findings related to the status of air liquefaction technologies are reviewed. Compact lightweight cryogenic heat exchangers, heat exchanger atmospheric constituent fouling alleviation measures, para/ortho-hydrogen shift-conversion catalysts, cryogenic air compressors and liquid air pumps, hydrogen recycling using slush hydrogen as a heat sink, liquid hydrogen/liquid air rocket-type combustion devices, and technically related engine concepts are discussed. Much of the LACE work is related to aerospaceplane propulsion concepts that were developed in the 1960's. Emphasis is placed on the Liquid Air Cycle Engine (LACE).

Impulse-induced localized control of chaos in starlike networks.

PubMed

Chacón, Ricardo; Palmero, Faustino; Cuevas-Maraver, Jesús

2016-06-01

Locally decreasing the impulse transmitted by periodic pulses is shown to be a reliable method of taming chaos in starlike networks of dissipative nonlinear oscillators, leading to both synchronous periodic states and equilibria (oscillation death). Specifically, the paradigmatic model of damped kicked rotators is studied in which it is assumed that when the rotators are driven synchronously, i.e., all driving pulses transmit the same impulse, the networks display chaotic dynamics. It is found that the taming effect of decreasing the impulse transmitted by the pulses acting on particular nodes strongly depends on their number and degree of connectivity. A theoretical analysis is given explaining the basic physical mechanism as well as the main features of the chaos-control scenario.

Scanning-PIXE analysis of gold lace embroideries in a relic of St. Francis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Migliori, A.; Grassi, N.; Mandò, P. A.

2008-05-01

In this work, we describe the compositional analysis performed by scanning-mode PIXE on the metal threads of a XIII century embroidery. The precious work analysed is the pillow-case used to cover the pillow, on which - according to tradition - St. Francis of Assisi was resting his head when he died. Measurements were performed in order to characterise the embroideries of the two sides and the passementerie in the lateral hems. Several areas, each of the order of two square millimetres, were scanned with a 3 MeV proton external beam of 20 μm size on target, using the external micro-beam facility of our laboratory, with list-mode acquisition. Analysis of elemental maps and spectra from selected homogeneous sub-areas allowed us to extract the quantitative composition of the gilded tape and estimates of its thickness.

Testing the capacity of clothing to act as a vector for non-native seed in protected areas.

PubMed

Mount, Ann; Pickering, Catherine Marina

2009-10-01

Although humans are a major mechanism for short and long distance seed dispersal, there is limited research testing clothing as a vector. The effect of different types of material (sports vs hiking socks), or different items of clothing (boots, socks, laces vs legs) or the same item (socks) worn in different places on seed composition were assessed in Kosciuszko National Park, Australia. Data was analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA, independent and paired t-tests, Multi-dimensional Scaling Ordinations and Analysis of Similarity. A total of 24,776 seeds from 70 taxa were collected from the 207 pieces of clothing sampled, with seed identified from 31 native and 19 non-native species. Socks worn off-track collected more native seeds while those worn on roadsides collected more non-native seeds. Sports socks collected a greater diversity of seeds and more native seeds than hiking socks. Boots, uncovered socks and laces collect more seeds than covered socks and laces, resulting in 17% fewer seeds collected when wearing trousers. With seeds from over 179 species (134 recognized weeds) collected on clothing in this, and nine other studies, it is clear that clothing contributes to unintended human mediated seed dispersal, including for many invasive species.

Weight-Loss: Gain Control of Emotional Eating

MedlinePlus

... patterns that reveal the connection between mood and food. Tame your stress. If stress contributes to your emotional eating, try a stress management technique, such as yoga, meditation or deep breathing. ...

Protein Disulfide Levels and Lens Elasticity Modulation: Applications for Presbyopia

PubMed Central

Garner, William H.; Garner, Margaret H.

2016-01-01

Purpose The purpose of the experiments described here was to determine the effects of lipoic acid (LA)-dependent disulfide reduction on mouse lens elasticity, to synthesize the choline ester of LA (LACE), and to characterize the effects of topical ocular doses of LACE on mouse lens elasticity. Methods Eight-month-old mouse lenses (C57BL/6J) were incubated for 12 hours in medium supplemented with selected levels (0–500 μM) of LA. Lens elasticity was measured using the coverslip method. After the elasticity measurements, P-SH and PSSP levels were determined in homogenates by differential alkylation before and after alkylation. Choline ester of LA was synthesized and characterized by mass spectrometry and HPLC. Eight-month-old C57BL/6J mice were treated with 2.5 μL of a formulation of 5% LACE three times per day at 8-hour intervals in the right eye (OD) for 5 weeks. After the final treatment, lenses were removed and placed in a cuvette containing buffer. Elasticity was determined with a computer-controlled instrument that provided Z-stage upward movements in 1-μm increments with concomitant force measurements with a Harvard Apparatus F10 isometric force transducer. The elasticity of lenses from 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice was determined for comparison. Results Lipoic acid treatment led to a concentration-dependent decrease in lens protein disulfides concurrent with an increase in lens elasticity. The structure and purity of newly synthesized LACE was confirmed. Aqueous humor concentrations of LA were higher in eyes of mice following topical ocular treatment with LACE than in mice following topical ocular treatment with LA. The lenses of the treated eyes of the old mice were more elastic than the lenses of untreated eyes (i.e., the relative force required for similar Z displacements was higher in the lenses of untreated eyes). In most instances, the lenses of the treated eyes were even more elastic than the lenses of the 8-week-old mice. Conclusions As the elasticity

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

MedlinePlus

... Secretagogues TZDs Changing Your Lifestyle Diabetes Complications Nondiabetic Hypoglycemia Featured Resource Taming the Spikes Is mealtime insulin ... t cause low blood glucose, a condition called hypoglycemia. But you’re at risk for low blood ...

Staying Well

MedlinePlus

... Brochure Vitamins, Minerals, and Herbs in MS: An Introduction (.pdf) Practical guide to diet supplements for people ... you Vitamins, Minerals, and Herbs in MS: An Introduction (.pdf) Download Brochure Taming Stress (.pdf) Download Brochure ...

Health and Wellness

MedlinePlus

... Disease T Cells d What Causes MS? Disproved Theories Viruses Clusters d Who Gets MS? Pediatric MS ... Brochure Vitamins, Minerals, and Herbs in MS: An Introduction (.pdf) Download Brochure Taming Stress (.pdf) Download Brochure ...

4. LOOKING SOUTHWEST AT LATTICED GUARDRAIL, DIAGONALS, ASPHALT DECK AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. LOOKING SOUTHWEST AT LATTICED GUARDRAIL, DIAGONALS, ASPHALT DECK AND LACED ANGLES ON VERTICALS - Wayne County Bridge No. 122, Spanning West Fork Whitewater River at Main Street, Milton, Wayne County, IN

It Takes a Village-Taming High Conflict With the "2 PC Model".

PubMed

Behrman, Lauren

2016-05-01

Prolonged litigation frequently leaves once-married and functional parents unable to communicate effectively and coparent with each other. The damage can be even more profound for never-married parents without a history of ever functioning as life partners or parenting partners. High-conflict parents often enter into parenting coordination following litigation through stipulation or court order. For some parents, this modality fails to provide enough support and containment of conflict, and postjudgment litigation continues long after the initial divorce. A clinical case study illustrates the use of an experimental, alternative dispute-resolution intervention we call "the 2 Parenting Coordinator (PC) model." The 2 PC model evolved by applying the collaborative divorce 2-coach intervention to parenting coordination for a family in which traditional parenting coordination had twice failed. The case presented involved never-married parents, whose tenuous and mistrustful connection was threatening to contaminate the child's ability to have an emotionally secure relationship with her father. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Semiparametric methods for estimation of a nonlinear exposure-outcome relationship using instrumental variables with application to Mendelian randomization.

PubMed

Staley, James R; Burgess, Stephen

2017-05-01

Mendelian randomization, the use of genetic variants as instrumental variables (IV), can test for and estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. Most IV methods assume that the function relating the exposure to the expected value of the outcome (the exposure-outcome relationship) is linear. However, in practice, this assumption may not hold. Indeed, often the primary question of interest is to assess the shape of this relationship. We present two novel IV methods for investigating the shape of the exposure-outcome relationship: a fractional polynomial method and a piecewise linear method. We divide the population into strata using the exposure distribution, and estimate a causal effect, referred to as a localized average causal effect (LACE), in each stratum of population. The fractional polynomial method performs metaregression on these LACE estimates. The piecewise linear method estimates a continuous piecewise linear function, the gradient of which is the LACE estimate in each stratum. Both methods were demonstrated in a simulation study to estimate the true exposure-outcome relationship well, particularly when the relationship was a fractional polynomial (for the fractional polynomial method) or was piecewise linear (for the piecewise linear method). The methods were used to investigate the shape of relationship of body mass index with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. © 2017 The Authors Genetic Epidemiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A Predictive Model for Readmissions Among Medicare Patients in a California Hospital.

PubMed

Duncan, Ian; Huynh, Nhan

2017-11-17

Predictive models for hospital readmission rates are in high demand because of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP). The LACE index is one of the most popular predictive tools among hospitals in the United States. The LACE index is a simple tool with 4 parameters: Length of stay, Acuity of admission, Comorbidity, and Emergency visits in the previous 6 months. The authors applied logistic regression to develop a predictive model for a medium-sized not-for-profit community hospital in California using patient-level data with more specific patient information (including 13 explanatory variables). Specifically, the logistic regression is applied to 2 populations: a general population including all patients and the specific group of patients targeted by the CMS penalty (characterized as ages 65 or older with select conditions). The 2 resulting logistic regression models have a higher sensitivity rate compared to the sensitivity of the LACE index. The C statistic values of the model applied to both populations demonstrate moderate levels of predictive power. The authors also build an economic model to demonstrate the potential financial impact of the use of the model for targeting high-risk patients in a sample hospital and demonstrate that, on balance, whether the hospital gains or loses from reducing readmissions depends on its margin and the extent of its readmission penalties.

Semiparametric methods for estimation of a nonlinear exposure‐outcome relationship using instrumental variables with application to Mendelian randomization

PubMed Central

Staley, James R.

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Mendelian randomization, the use of genetic variants as instrumental variables (IV), can test for and estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. Most IV methods assume that the function relating the exposure to the expected value of the outcome (the exposure‐outcome relationship) is linear. However, in practice, this assumption may not hold. Indeed, often the primary question of interest is to assess the shape of this relationship. We present two novel IV methods for investigating the shape of the exposure‐outcome relationship: a fractional polynomial method and a piecewise linear method. We divide the population into strata using the exposure distribution, and estimate a causal effect, referred to as a localized average causal effect (LACE), in each stratum of population. The fractional polynomial method performs metaregression on these LACE estimates. The piecewise linear method estimates a continuous piecewise linear function, the gradient of which is the LACE estimate in each stratum. Both methods were demonstrated in a simulation study to estimate the true exposure‐outcome relationship well, particularly when the relationship was a fractional polynomial (for the fractional polynomial method) or was piecewise linear (for the piecewise linear method). The methods were used to investigate the shape of relationship of body mass index with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. PMID:28317167

16 CFR 1510.2 - Definition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... Examples of products which may have similar noisemaking characteristics but which are excluded from the... lace holders, bells which are not part of the noisemaking component of a rattle, plastic keys or other...

Breath-Holding Spells

MedlinePlus

... reviewed: October 2016 More on this topic for: Parents Is It Normal for Children to Hold Their Breath? Taming Tempers Disciplining Your Child Disciplining Your Toddler Temper Tantrums Separation Anxiety View more About Us Contact Us Partners ...

Taming Many-Parameter BSM Models with Bayesian Neural Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuchera, M. P.; Karbo, A.; Prosper, H. B.; Sanchez, A.; Taylor, J. Z.

2017-09-01

The search for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) is a major focus of large-scale high energy physics experiments. One method is to look for specific deviations from the Standard Model that are predicted by BSM models. In cases where the model has a large number of free parameters, standard search methods become intractable due to computation time. This talk presents results using Bayesian Neural Networks, a supervised machine learning method, to enable the study of higher-dimensional models. The popular phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model was studied as an example of the feasibility and usefulness of this method. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are used to expedite the calculations. Cross-section predictions for 13 TeV proton collisions will be presented. My participation in the Conference Experience for Undergraduates (CEU) in 2004-2006 exposed me to the national and global significance of cutting-edge research. At the 2005 CEU, I presented work from the previous summer's SULI internship at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, where I learned to program while working on the Majorana Project. That work inspired me to follow a similar research path, which led me to my current work on computational methods applied to BSM physics.

Peroneus longus stretch reflex amplitude increases after ankle brace application

PubMed Central

Cordova, M; Ingersoll, C

2003-01-01

Background: The use of external ankle support is widespread throughout sports medicine. However, the application of ankle bracing to a healthy ankle over a long period has been scrutinised because of possible neuromuscular adaptations resulting in diminished dynamic support offered by the peroneus longus. Objective: To investigate the immediate and chronic effects of ankle brace application on the amplitude of peroneus longus stretch reflex. Methods: Twenty physically active college students (mean (SD) age 23.6 (1.7) years, height 168.7 (8.4) cm, and mass 69.9 (12.0) kg) who had been free from lower extremity pathology for the 12 months preceding the study served as subjects. None had been involved in a strength training or conditioning programme in the six months preceding the study. A 3 x 3 x 2 (test condition x treatment condition x time) design with repeated measures on the first and third factor was used. The peroneus longus stretch reflex (% of maximum amplitude) during sudden foot inversion was evaluated under three ankle brace conditions (control, lace up, and semi-rigid) before and after eight weeks of ankle brace use. Results: A 3 x 3 x 2 repeated measures analysis of variance showed that peroneus longus stretch reflex amplitude increased immediately after application of a lace up brace (67.1 (4.4)) compared with the semi-rigid (57.9 (4.3)) and control (59.0 (5.2)) conditions (p<0.05). Peroneus longus stretch reflex also increased after eight weeks of use of the semi-rigid brace compared with the lace up and control conditions (p<0.05). Conclusions: Initial application of a lace up style ankle brace and chronic use of a semi-rigid brace facilitates the amplitude of the peroneus longus stretch reflex. It appears that initial and long term ankle brace use does not diminish the magnitude of this stretch reflex in the healthy ankle. PMID:12782553

Taming the Wild: A Unified Analysis of Hogwild!-Style Algorithms.

PubMed

De Sa, Christopher; Zhang, Ce; Olukotun, Kunle; Ré, Christopher

2015-12-01

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a ubiquitous algorithm for a variety of machine learning problems. Researchers and industry have developed several techniques to optimize SGD's runtime performance, including asynchronous execution and reduced precision. Our main result is a martingale-based analysis that enables us to capture the rich noise models that may arise from such techniques. Specifically, we use our new analysis in three ways: (1) we derive convergence rates for the convex case (Hogwild!) with relaxed assumptions on the sparsity of the problem; (2) we analyze asynchronous SGD algorithms for non-convex matrix problems including matrix completion; and (3) we design and analyze an asynchronous SGD algorithm, called Buckwild!, that uses lower-precision arithmetic. We show experimentally that our algorithms run efficiently for a variety of problems on modern hardware.

Faces of Science

Science.gov Websites

Innovation in New Mexico Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED) SensorNexus Exascale effects of tuberculosis infection on AIDS, and issues related to national security. Play video Read more

Humans identify negative (but not positive) arousal in silver fox vocalizations: implications for the adaptive value of interspecific eavesdropping.

PubMed

Filippi, Piera; Gogoleva, Svetlana S; Volodina, Elena V; Volodin, Ilya A; de Boer, Bart

2017-08-01

The ability to identify emotional arousal in heterospecific vocalizations may facilitate behaviors that increase survival opportunities. Crucially, this ability may orient inter-species interactions, particularly between humans and other species. Research shows that humans identify emotional arousal in vocalizations across multiple species, such as cats, dogs, and piglets. However, no previous study has addressed humans' ability to identify emotional arousal in silver foxes. Here, we adopted low- and high-arousal calls emitted by three strains of silver fox-Tame, Aggressive, and Unselected-in response to human approach. Tame and Aggressive foxes are genetically selected for friendly and attacking behaviors toward humans, respectively. Unselected foxes show aggressive and fearful behaviors toward humans. These three strains show similar levels of emotional arousal, but different levels of emotional valence in relation to humans. This emotional information is reflected in the acoustic features of the calls. Our data suggest that humans can identify high-arousal calls of Aggressive and Unselected foxes, but not of Tame foxes. Further analyses revealed that, although within each strain different acoustic parameters affect human accuracy in identifying high-arousal calls, spectral center of gravity, harmonic-to-noise ratio, and F0 best predict humans' ability to discriminate high-arousal calls across all strains. Furthermore, we identified in spectral center of gravity and F0 the best predictors for humans' absolute ratings of arousal in each call. Implications for research on the adaptive value of inter-specific eavesdropping are discussed.

The 800 Pound Gorilla: The Threat and Taming of Global Climate Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hansen, Jim

2008-01-01

This article provides two case studies that examine the current and future consequences of continued global warming at the current business-as-usual pace and at a decreased (new alternative forms of energy) level. Cause and effect relationships, such as the varying levels of CO[subscript 2] (carbon dioxide) emissions and the effect it has on…

22. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing downwest side. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing down-west side. Looking at road deck and vertical laced channel. - Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge, Spanning Clark Fork River, serves Highway 200, Clark Fork, Bonner County, ID

16 CFR 1501.3 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... exempt from this regulation (§§ 1500.18(a)(9) and 1501.4 below): (a) Balloons; (b) Books and other... clothing and accessories, such as shoe lace holders and buttons; (e) Grooming, feeding, and hygiene...

History with Flowers: Soldiers Woundwort to Quaker Rouge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cloutier, Anne

1983-01-01

Ways to relate wild plants to history are given. Plants discussed are Queen Anne's lace, trailing arbutus (mayflower), ginseng, Joe-Pye weed, witch hazel, common plantain, mullein, yarrow, teasel, pokeweed, blue vervain, and columbine. (MH)

Taming the Wild Text

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allyn, Pam

2012-01-01

As a well-known advocate for promoting wider reading and reading engagement among all children--and founder of a reading program for foster children--Pam Allyn knows that struggling readers often face any printed text with fear and confusion, like Max in the book Where the Wild Things Are. She argues that teachers need to actively create a…

Project Wild (Project Tame).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siegenthaler, David

For 37 states in the United States, Project Wild has become an officially sanctioned, distributed and funded "environemtnal and conservation education program." For those who are striving to implement focused, sequential, learning programs, as well as those who wish to promote harmony through a non-anthropocentric world view, Project…

Taming the Outlaw Sea

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

international consent and in partnership with the broader international com- munity, must wisely consider, as the Greek historian Plutarch suggests, that...4. Ibid. 5. Plutarch , Lives, trans. John Dryden (New York: Modern Library Classics, 2001), vol. 2. 6. Ibid. 7. Konstam, History of Pirates. 8... Plutarch , Lives, vol. 2. 9. Ibid. 10. Alfred Thayer Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783 (1890; repr., Mineola, N.Y.: Dover, 1987). 11

Taming The Polar Bear

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-01

Kennedy, “2012 State of the Climate : Arctiv Sea Ice” NOAA Climate.gov, 30 July 2013, http://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/2012...Kennedy, Caitlin, “2012 State of the Climate : Arctiv Sea Ice” NOAA Climate.gov, 30 July 2013, http://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding

Taming Crowded Visual Scenes

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-12

Nolan Warner, Mubarak Shah. Tracking in Dense Crowds Using Prominenceand Neighborhood Motion Concurrence, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis...of  computer  vision,   computer   graphics  and  evacuation  dynamics  by  providing  a  common  platform,  and  provides...areas  that  includes  Computer  Vision,  Computer   Graphics ,  and  Pedestrian   Evacuation  Dynamics.  Despite  the

Eos and the Youth: A Case of Inverted Roles in Rape

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dipla, Anthi

This article examines scenes of Eos pursuing/abducting youths on 5th-century Athenian vases. Eos, the personification of Dawn, is the only woman assuming the role of a pursuer in rape. The theme strangely becomes very popular with vase painters to a degree comparable to ephebes pursuing a woman. The iconography of the scenes is systematically analysed and evaluated. All theories explaining the popularity of the theme from its presumable use as a parable for death are considered. Eos is moreover compared to other winged figures in pursuit that are popular in the same period, especially Sphinx and Eros. Conversely, it is illustrated how Eos' pursuits of youths are thoroughly coined on the same model as ephebe rape scenes. These may have been so popular because they expressed prevalent social notions about how women, like animals,would need subduing/taming by the ephebe, future citizen hunters, before they could assume their appropriate place in society. With Eos the hunter becomes the prey of a wild woman, who has transgressed the control limits set by the social system. Eos is promoted as the ultimate model of what a woman should not be.

50 CFR 300.110 - Mesh size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... will be stretched in the direction of the long diagonal of the meshes. (ii) A gauge as described in.... This distance will be measured perpendicular to the lacings, ropes or codline with the net stretched in...

50 CFR 300.110 - Mesh size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... will be stretched in the direction of the long diagonal of the meshes. (ii) A gauge as described in.... This distance will be measured perpendicular to the lacings, ropes or codline with the net stretched in...

50 CFR 300.110 - Mesh size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... will be stretched in the direction of the long diagonal of the meshes. (ii) A gauge as described in.... This distance will be measured perpendicular to the lacings, ropes or codline with the net stretched in...

50 CFR 300.110 - Mesh size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... will be stretched in the direction of the long diagonal of the meshes. (ii) A gauge as described in.... This distance will be measured perpendicular to the lacings, ropes or codline with the net stretched in...

50 CFR 300.110 - Mesh size.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... will be stretched in the direction of the long diagonal of the meshes. (ii) A gauge as described in.... This distance will be measured perpendicular to the lacings, ropes or codline with the net stretched in...

Controlling Chaos Via Knowledge of Initial Condition for a Curved Structure

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maestrello, L.

2000-01-01

Nonlinear response of a flexible curved panel exhibiting bifurcation to fully developed chaos is demonstrated along with the sensitivity to small perturbation from the initial conditions. The response is determined from the measured time series at two fixed points. The panel is forced by an external nonharmonic multifrequency and monofrequency sound field. Using a low power time-continuous feedback control, carefully tuned at each initial condition, produces large long-term effects on the dynamics toward taming chaos. Without the knowledge of the initial conditions, control may be achieved by destructive interference. In this case, the control power is proportional to the loading power. Calculation of the correlation dimension and the estimation of positive Lyapunov exponents, in practice, are the proof of chaotic response.

[Methyl-containing diet of mothers affects the AGOUTI gene expression in the offspring of rats with various behavioral types].

PubMed

Prasolova, L A; Os'kina, I N; Pliusnina, I Z; Trut, L N

2009-05-01

The effects of selection of agouti rats (with genotype AAHH) on the tame and aggressive behavior and dietary methyl given to females from the eighth day of pregnancy to the fifth day after the birth of the offspring on the intensity of the agouti coat color in the offspring have been studied. The morphometric parameters of hair determining the darkness of the agouti color (the total length of guard hairs, the lengths of their eumelanin end and pheomelanin band, the ratio between the lengths of the eumelanin and pheomelanin portions of the hair, the total length of the awn hairs, and the relative length of their widened "lanceolate" upper end) have been compared. It has been found that selection of agouti rats for aggressive behavior is accompanied by darkening of the coat color compared to tame rats due to an increase in the ratio of the length of the black eumelanin end of the guard hairs to the length of the yellow pheomelanin band. Methyl-containing additives to the diet of females affect the intensity of the agouti coat color in the offsprings with both types of behavior, but to different extents. Aggressive offspring is more sensitive to the mother's methyl-containing diet: the percentage of animals that are darker than control rats is higher among aggressive animals than among tame ones due to a greater increase in the ratio between dark and light portions of hairs. The possible mechanisms of differences in the phenotypic modifications of coat color in control and experimental agouti rats with different types of behavior are discussed.

Developmental toxicity evaluation of inhaled tertiary amyl methyl ether in mice and rats.

PubMed

Welsch, Frank; Elswick, Barbara; James, R Arden; Marr, Melissa C; Myers, Christina B; Tyl, Rochelle W

2003-01-01

This evaluation was part of a much more comprehensive testing program to characterize the mammalian toxicity potential of the gasoline oxygenator additive tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), and was initiated upon a regulatory agency mandate. A developmental toxicity hazard identification study was conducted by TAME vapor inhalation exposure in two pregnant rodent species. Timed-pregnant CD(Sprague-Dawley) rats and CD-1 mice, 25 animals per group, inhaled TAME vapors containing 0, 250, 1500 or 3500 ppm for 6 h a day on gestational days 6-16 (mice) or 6-19 (rats). The developmental toxicity hazard potential was evaluated following the study design draft guidelines and end points proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Based on maternal body weight changes during pregnancy, the no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 250 ppm for maternal toxicity in rats and 1500 ppm for developmental toxicity in rats using the criterion of near-term fetal body weights. In mice, more profound developmental toxicity was present than in rats, at both 1500 and 3500 ppm. At the highest concentration, mouse litters revealed more late fetal deaths, significantly reduced fetal body weights per litter and increased incidences of cleft palate (classified as an external malformation), as well as enlarged lateral ventricles of the cerebrum (a visceral variation). At 1500 ppm, mouse fetuses also exhibited an increased incidence of cleft palate and the dam body weights were reduced. Therefore, the NOAEL for the mouse maternal and developmental toxicity was 250 ppm under the conditions of this study. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Historical perspectives on the concept of ecosystem degradation

USGS Publications Warehouse

Halvorson, W.L.

2004-01-01

The concept of environmental degradation has evolved with the development of human society and settlement. In early human development, tribes went through a series of cycles of taming or developing mastery over the environment, to utilizing the resources of that environment until they could no longer support the population, which lead to moving on to do it again in a new area. There seems to have been little sense that human activity was causing any degradation, it was only that there was no longer enough food. This sense of the concept of degradation can even be seen as late as the 16th and 17th centuries in North America as Europeans "tamed" the land from the south, east, and north. For the Europeans, this taming of the "dangerous" and "inhospitable" lands even included the indigenous peoples. World-wide, as humans gathered into towns and cities, the impacts on the environment became increasingly widespread. Goods had to be brought to the people from further and further away. While agriculture and herd management were being developed, there was still the sense that these activities were improvements. It is a rather modern social understanding that human activities can and do damage and degrade natural ecosystems. The concept began to dawn when society began to understand that some activities caused degraded human health. Only recently has society begun to understand the need for generally healthy natural ecosystems and this understanding has brought with it a whole host of legal and political actions to make it happpen. ?? International Scientific Publications, New Delhi.

23. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing upwest side. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

23. View of Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge facing up-west side. Looking at structural connection of top chord, vertical laced channel and diagonal bars. - Clark Fork Vehicle Bridge, Spanning Clark Fork River, serves Highway 200, Clark Fork, Bonner County, ID

Footwear and ankle stability in the basketball player.

PubMed

Petrov, O; Blocher, K; Bradbury, R L; Saxena, A; Toy, M L

1988-04-01

Ankle stability in basketball players is affected by footwear. Athletic shoe manufacturers have introduced specialized lacing systems and high-top performance shoes to improve ankle stability. These performance shoes not only aid in preventing ankle injuries, but also protect injured ankles.

Parents: Avoid Kids Foot Problems with the Right Shoes

MedlinePlus

... pain, Achilles tendonitis and even ankle sprains and stress fractures. Children with Flat Feet Children with flat feet need shoes with a wide toe box, maximum arch support and shock absorption. The best shoes to buy are oxford, lace-up shoes ...

Fundamental host range of Leptoypha hospita (Hemiptera: Tingidae), a potential biological control agent of Chinese privet

Treesearch

Yanzhuo Zhang; James L. Hanula; Scott Horn; Cera Jones; S. Kristine Braman; Jianghua Sun

2016-01-01

Chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense Lour., is an invasive shrub within riparian areas of the southeastern United States. Biological control is considered the most suitable management option for Chinese privet. The potential host range of the lace bug, Leptoypha hospita Drake et...

Word Magic: Shakespeare's Rhetoric for Gifted Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kester, Ellen S.

Intended for teachers of gifted students in grades 4-12, the curriculum uses six of Shakespeare's comedies ("The Taming of the Shrew,""The Tempest,""Twelfth Night,""The Comedy of Errors,""As You Like It," and "A Midsummer Night's Dream") as materials for nurturing intellectual and…

Taming the Data Monster: Collecting and Analyzing Classroom Data to Improve Student Progress

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kabot, Susan; Reeve, Christine E.

2016-01-01

Faced with increasing demands for accountability, teachers are having to base their instructional decisions and choice of interventions on data on student performance. This book shows how to make this otherwise daunting task much more manageable by means of case studies and countless evidence-based forms and graphs. Although this book often refers…

Galois Module Structure of Lubin-Tate Modules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomaskovic-Moore, Sebastian

Let L/K be a finite, Galois extension of local or global fields. In the classical setting of additive Galois modules, the ring of integers OL of L is studied as a module for the group ring OKG, where G is the Galois group of L/K. When K is a p-adic field, we also find a structure of OKG module when we replace OL with the group of points in OL of a Lubin-Tate formal group defined over K. For this new Galois module we find an analogue of the normal basis theorem. When K is a proper unramified extension of Qp , we show that some eigenspaces for the Teichmuller character are not free. We also adapt certain cases of E. Noether's result on normal integral bases for tame extensions. Finally, for wild extensions we define a version of Leopoldt's associated order and demonstrate in a specific case that it is strictly larger than the integral group ring.

Lunar exospheric argon modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grava, Cesare; Chaufray, J.-Y.; Retherford, K. D.; Gladstone, G. R.; Greathouse, T. K.; Hurley, D. M.; Hodges, R. R.; Bayless, A. J.; Cook, J. C.; Stern, S. A.

2015-07-01

Argon is one of the few known constituents of the lunar exosphere. The surface-based mass spectrometer Lunar Atmosphere Composition Experiment (LACE) deployed during the Apollo 17 mission first detected argon, and its study is among the subjects of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lyman Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) and Lunar Atmospheric and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) mission investigations. We performed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of neutral atomic argon that we use to better understand its transport and storage across the lunar surface. We took into account several loss processes: ionization by solar photons, charge-exchange with solar protons, and cold trapping as computed by recent LRO/Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) mapping of Permanently Shaded Regions (PSRs). Recycling of photo-ions and solar radiation acceleration are also considered. We report that (i) contrary to previous assumptions, charge exchange is a loss process as efficient as photo-ionization, (ii) the PSR cold-trapping flux is comparable to the ionization flux (photo-ionization and charge-exchange), and (iii) solar radiation pressure has negligible effect on the argon density, as expected. We determine that the release of 2.6 × 1028 atoms on top of a pre-existing argon exosphere is required to explain the maximum amount of argon measured by LACE. The total number of atoms (1.0 × 1029) corresponds to ∼6700 kg of argon, 30% of which (∼1900 kg) may be stored in the cold traps after 120 days in the absence of space weathering processes. The required population is consistent with the amount of argon that can be released during a High Frequency Teleseismic (HFT) Event, i.e. a big, rare and localized moonquake, although we show that LACE could not distinguish between a localized and a global event. The density of argon measured at the time of LACE appears to have originated from no less than four such episodic events. Finally, we show that the extent of the PSRs that trap

Perturbative test of exact vacuum expectation values of local fields in affine Toda theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ahn, Changrim; Baseilhac, P.; Kim, Chanju

Vacuum expectation values of local fields for all dual pairs of nonsimply laced affine Toda field theories recently proposed are checked against perturbative analysis. The computations based on Feynman diagram expansion are performed up to the two-loop level. We obtain, good agreement.

APPLICABILITY OF La-Ce SYSTEMATICS TO PLANETARY SAMPLES.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nakamura, Noboru; Tatsumoto, Mitsunobu; Ludwig, Kenneth R.

1984-01-01

Ce isotopic compositions in several terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials were determined in order to investigate the applicability of using Ce as an isotopic tracer to geological processes. Owing to the low abundances of **1**3**8La and **1**3**8Ce in nature, the measurements of **1**3**8Ce/**1**4**0Ce ratios of natural samples have relatively large ( greater than 0. 02%) errors, and the variations in Ce-isotope ratios were barely resolved. A tenuous anticorrelation was observed between epsilon //C//e and epsilon //N//d for terrestrial basalts and granites, indicating that with some improvement in analytical techniques the Ce isotopic composition may prove useful as a tracer for geological processes.

50 CFR Appendix A to Part 622 - Species Tables

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Part 622—Species Tables Table 1 of Appendix A to Part 622—Caribbean Coral Reef Resources I... Millepora spp., Fire corals Family Stylasteridae Stylaster roseus, Rose lace corals B. Anthozoans—Class Anthozoa 1. Soft corals—Order Alcyonacea Family Anthothelidae Erythropodium caribaeorum, Encrusting...

Becoming Curt Lemay: The Formative Experiences of an Air Force Icon

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

Turbulent Life of General Curtis LeMay some 20 years after LeMay‟s autobiographical piece. Laced with an apologetic undertone, Iron Eagle is insufficiently...to radio her position around midnight. The three B- 59 “ Memories of Gen. LeMay,” San Antonio

78 FR 14503 - Amendment 4 to the Corals and Reef Associated Plants and Invertebrates Fishery Management Plan of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-06

... established to end overfishing and prevent overfishing from occurring. Annual catch limits are levels of... species, the sea vines (Halophila spp., including H. decipiens, H. baillonis, H. engelmannii, and H... Stylaster roseus, Rose lace corals B. Anthozoans--Class Anthozoa 1. Soft corals--Order Alcyonacea Family...

Training for Skill in Fault Diagnosis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, J. D.

1974-01-01

The Knitting, Lace and Net Industry Training Board has developed a training innovation called fault diagnosis training. The entire training process concentrates on teaching based on the experiences of troubleshooters or any other employees whose main tasks involve fault diagnosis and rectification. (Author/DS)

16. DETAIL, VERTICAL MEMBER L2U2 FROM BELOW AND EAST. UNUSUALLY ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. DETAIL, VERTICAL MEMBER L2-U2 FROM BELOW AND EAST. UNUSUALLY SHAPED DESIGN REFLECTS COLUMN STRESSES ALSO NOTE LACING, WHICH COMPRISES ANGLES RATHER THAN COMMON FLAT BARS - Coraopolis Bridge, Spanning Ohio River back channel at Ferree Street & Grand Avenue, Coraopolis, Allegheny County, PA

Laboratory virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes to two ornamental plant pests, Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae) and Stethobaris nemesis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

In this study we evaluated the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes to control two important ornamental pests: 1) Corythucha ciliata, a native lace bug that attacks the foliage of sycamore trees, and 2) the recently described exotic pest, Stethobaris nemesis, a weevil that attacks amaryllis leave...

The hydroentanglement system of producing nonwoven fabrics of certain specific attributes and functionalities

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Although the traditional technologies and processes of producing fabric structures, via yarn spinning, weaving, knitting, lacing, tufting, or the like, continue to be the ‘major league’ players in textile manufacturing today, the modern hydroentanglement system, commonly known as “spunlacing,” has a...

Thoughts for 1972 - Living Dangerously in the Age of Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rabinowitch, Eugene

1972-01-01

Whether mankind will be successful in taming the three apocalyptic horses of the technological age--nuclear war, population explosion and destruction of the human habitat--depends on sufficiently rapid transportation of the body of knowledge and the pattern of attitudes we transmit to coming generations ... widespread transition from qualitative…

Introduction to Shakespeare: English.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hargraves, Richard

The "Introduction to Shakespeare" course in the Quinmester Program involves the careful study of the tragedy "Romeo and Juliet" and the comedy "The Taming of the Shrew," emphasizing language, development of character and theme. The course also includes the study of biographical data relevant to the evolution of…

Plants to Avoid

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Knowledge of poisonous plants is extremely important for home owners, gardeners, farmers, hunters, hikers, and the rest of the general public. Among the most important plants to avoid in the Delta Region are poison ivy, bull nettle, eastern black nightshade, Queen Ann’s lace, jimsonweed, and trumpe...

A "Hands on" Strategy for Teaching Genetic Algorithms to Undergraduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Venables, Anne; Tan, Grace

2007-01-01

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a problem solving strategy that uses stochastic search. Since their introduction (Holland, 1975), GAs have proven to be particularly useful for solving problems that are "intractable" using classical methods. The language of genetic algorithms (GAs) is heavily laced with biological metaphors from evolutionary…

MODAS Validation in Littoral Areas Using GRASP

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-09-30

result (4 hr) is guiding new work on calculation efficiency. Figure 4. Near-optimal coordinated passive search plan against a complex transitor ... Transitor tracks form a river of roughly parallel potential paths. The two searcher tracks criss- cross this river like shoe lacings over much of

Gut transcription in Helicoverpa zea is dynamically altered in response to baculovirus infection

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The Helicoverpa zea transcriptome was analyzed 24 hours after H. zea larvae fed on artificial diet laced with Helicoverpa zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV). Significant differential regulation of 1,139 putative genes (P<0.05 T-test with Benjamini and Hochberg False Discovery Rate) was detect...

Efficient Computations and Representations of Visible Surfaces.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

position as stated. The smooth contour generator may lie along a sharp ridge, for instance. Richards & Stevens -28- 6m lace contout s ?S ,.......... ceoonec...From understanding computation to understanding neural circuitry. Neurosci. Res. Prog. Bull. 13. 470-488. Metelli, F. 1970 An algebraic development of

Gender Representation Trends and Relations at the United States Naval Academy

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

Defense, 1997). However, women and minority officers tend to be concentrated in administration and supply areas, and underrepresented in tactical...acronym FARB: Fat Ass Rugby Bitch has also been added to the derogatory terms for women. Each of these gender-based terms is laced with tension and

Reviewing Policy: Defending Liberalism on Campus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weaver-Hightower, Marcus B.; Apple, Michael W.

2008-01-01

The authors maintain that higher education has tamely responded to pillory by political conservatives. This essay advocates for Michael Berube's defense of liberalism in higher education, "What's Liberal about the Liberal Arts? Classroom Politics and "Bias" in Higher Education." The writers also counter what they view as conservative attacks on…

New Capitalism, Risk, and Subjectification in an Early Childhood Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bialostok, Steve; Kamberelis, George

2010-01-01

"New capitalism" has been characterized as an economic period in which insecurity, flux, and uncertainty exist in the workplace. Capitalism attempts to tame that uncertainty through risk taking. Taking risks has become what one must do with risk. Economic discourses of embracing risk--thoroughly grounded in the ideologies of neoliberalism--are…

Transhuman Education? Sloterdijk's Reading of Heidegger's "Letter on Humanism"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long, Fiachra

2017-01-01

Peter Sloterdijk presented a reading of Heidegger's "Letter on Humanism" at a conference held at Elmau in 1999. Reinterpreting the meaning of humanism in the light of Heidegger's "Letter," Sloterdijk focused his presentation on the need to redefine education as a form of genetic "taming" and proposed what seemed to be…

Invariance of an Extended Technology Acceptance Model Across Gender and Age Group

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahmad, Tunku Badariah Tunku; Madarsha, Kamal Basha; Zainuddin, Ahmad Marzuki; Ismail, Nik Ahmad Hisham; Khairani, Ahmad Zamri; Nordin, Mohamad Sahari

2011-01-01

In this study, we examined the likelihood of a TAME (extended technology acceptance model), in which the interrelationships among computer self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, intention to use and self-reported use of computer-mediated technology were tested. In addition, the gender- and age-invariant of its causal structure were evaluated. The…

The Crucible: Adding Complexity to the Question of Social Justice in Early Childhood Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mevawalla, Zinnia

2013-01-01

As an ideology, the concept of social justice has long been a worthy, if slightly volatile, companion of early childhood theorists and researchers. Whilst the majority of the literature has valorised social justice, discontented questions regarding "what" the construct entails and "how" it might be tamed to work still remain.…

Back to Learning: How Research-Based Classroom Instruction Can Make the Impossible Possible

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parsons, Les

2012-01-01

Based on the most up-to-date research, "Back to Learning" presents straightforward analysis and practical guidance on confronting bullying, taming the digital universe, and changing the troublesome trend in students' entitled attitudes toward learning and grades. "Back to Learning" gives teachers the background they need to: (1) understand how the…

Modelling and experimental verification of a water alleviation system for the NASP. [National Aerospace Plane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vanfossen, G. James

1992-01-01

One possible low speed propulsion system for the National Aerospace Plane is a liquid air cycle engine (LACE). The LACE system uses the heat sink in the liquid hydrogen propellant to liquefy air in a heat exchanger which is then pumped up to high pressure and used as the oxidizer in a hydrogen liquid air rocket. The inlet airstream must be dehumidified or moisture could freeze on the cryogenic heat exchangers and block them. The main objective of this research has been to develop a computer simulation of the cold tube/antifreeze-spray water alleviation system and to verify the model with experimental data. An experimental facility has been built and humid air tests were conducted on a generic heat exchanger to obtain condensing data for code development. The paper describes the experimental setup, outlines the method of calculation used in the code, and presents comparisons of the calculations and measurements. Cause of discrepancies between the model and data are explained.

Pretest aerosol code comparisons for LWR aerosol containment tests LA1 and LA2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wright, A.L.; Wilson, J.H.; Arwood, P.C.

The Light-Water-Reactor (LWR) Aerosol Containment Experiments (LACE) are being performed in Richland, Washington, at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL) under the leadership of an international project board and the Electric Power Research Institute. These tests have two objectives: (1) to investigate, at large scale, the inherent aerosol retention behavior in LWR containments under simulated severe accident conditions, and (2) to provide an experimental data base for validating aerosol behavior and thermal-hydraulic computer codes. Aerosol computer-code comparison activities are being coordinated at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. For each of the six LACE tests, ''pretest'' calculations (for code-to-code comparisons) andmore » ''posttest'' calculations (for code-to-test data comparisons) are being performed. The overall goals of the comparison effort are (1) to provide code users with experience in applying their codes to LWR accident-sequence conditions and (2) to evaluate and improve the code models.« less

The Sensitivity of Precooled Air-Breathing Engine Performance to Heat Exchanger Design Parameters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Webber, H.; Bond, A.; Hempsell, M.

The issues relevant to propulsion design for Single Stage To Orbit (SSTO) vehicles are considered. In particular two air- breathing engine concepts involving precooling are compared; SABRE (Synergetic Air-Breathing and Rocket Engine) as designed for the Skylon SSTO launch vehicle, and a LACE (Liquid Air Cycle Engine) considered in the 1960's by the Americans for an early generation spaceplane. It is shown that through entropy minimisation the SABRE has made substantial gains in performance over the traditional LACE precooled engine concept, and has shown itself as the basis of a viable means of realising a SSTO vehicle. Further, it is demonstrated that the precooler is a major source of thermodynamic irreversibility within the engine cycle and that further reduction in entropy can be realised by increasing the heat transfer coefficient on the air side of the precooler. If this were to be achieved, it would improve the payload mass delivered to orbit by the Skylon launch vehicle by between 5 and 10%.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pandey, Tribhuwan; Parker, David S.

The electronic and magnetic properties of Nd 2Fe 17 and Nd 2Fe 17X 3 (X = C or N) compounds have been calculated using the first-principles density functional calculations. Among these, the nitrogen and carbon interstitial compounds exhibit all of the required properties such as a saturation moment of 1.6 T, Curie temperature of 700–750 K, however easy magnetic axis lies in the planar direction making them less attractive for permanent magnet applications. The calculated magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy is found to be -2.7 MJ/m 3 for Nd 2Fe 17C 3 and -4.7 MJ/m 3 for Nd 2Fe 17N 3. Finally,more » we further explored the possibility of changing the easy axis direction through La/Ce alloying at Nd site. Although the MAE is found to be smaller in magnitude for all the La/Ce alloys it still maintains planar direction.« less

Magnetic properties and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Nd 2Fe 17, Nd 2Fe 17X 3, and related compounds

DOE PAGES

Pandey, Tribhuwan; Parker, David S.

2018-02-26

The electronic and magnetic properties of Nd 2Fe 17 and Nd 2Fe 17X 3 (X = C or N) compounds have been calculated using the first-principles density functional calculations. Among these, the nitrogen and carbon interstitial compounds exhibit all of the required properties such as a saturation moment of 1.6 T, Curie temperature of 700–750 K, however easy magnetic axis lies in the planar direction making them less attractive for permanent magnet applications. The calculated magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy is found to be -2.7 MJ/m 3 for Nd 2Fe 17C 3 and -4.7 MJ/m 3 for Nd 2Fe 17N 3. Finally,more » we further explored the possibility of changing the easy axis direction through La/Ce alloying at Nd site. Although the MAE is found to be smaller in magnitude for all the La/Ce alloys it still maintains planar direction.« less

Predicting readmission risk with institution-specific prediction models.

PubMed

Yu, Shipeng; Farooq, Faisal; van Esbroeck, Alexander; Fung, Glenn; Anand, Vikram; Krishnapuram, Balaji

2015-10-01

The ability to predict patient readmission risk is extremely valuable for hospitals, especially under the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program of the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services which went into effect starting October 1, 2012. There is a plethora of work in the literature that deals with developing readmission risk prediction models, but most of them do not have sufficient prediction accuracy to be deployed in a clinical setting, partly because different hospitals may have different characteristics in their patient populations. We propose a generic framework for institution-specific readmission risk prediction, which takes patient data from a single institution and produces a statistical risk prediction model optimized for that particular institution and, optionally, for a specific condition. This provides great flexibility in model building, and is also able to provide institution-specific insights in its readmitted patient population. We have experimented with classification methods such as support vector machines, and prognosis methods such as the Cox regression. We compared our methods with industry-standard methods such as the LACE model, and showed the proposed framework is not only more flexible but also more effective. We applied our framework to patient data from three hospitals, and obtained some initial results for heart failure (HF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pneumonia (PN) patients as well as patients with all conditions. On Hospital 2, the LACE model yielded AUC 0.57, 0.56, 0.53 and 0.55 for AMI, HF, PN and All Cause readmission prediction, respectively, while the proposed model yielded 0.66, 0.65, 0.63, 0.74 for the corresponding conditions, all significantly better than the LACE counterpart. The proposed models that leverage all features at discharge time is more accurate than the models that only leverage features at admission time (0.66 vs. 0.61 for AMI, 0.65 vs. 0.61 for HF, 0.63 vs. 0.56 for PN, 0.74 vs. 0.60 for All

Taming the ketamine tiger. 1965.

PubMed

Domino, Edward F

2010-09-01

Pharmacologic actions of CI-581, a chemical derivative of phencyclidine, were determined in 20 volunteers from a prison population. The results indicate that this drug is an effective analgesic and anesthetic agent in doses of 1.0 to 2.0 mg per kilogram. With intravenous administration the onset of action is within 1 min and the effects last for about 5 to 10 min, depending on dosage level and individual variation. No tachyphylaxis was evident on repeat doses. Respiratory depression was slight and transient. Hypertension, tachycardia, and psychic changes are undesirable characteristics of the drug. Whether these can be modified by preanesthetic medication was not determined in this study. Recovery from analgesia and coma usually took place within 10 min, although from electroencephalographic evidence it may be assumed that subjects were not completely normal until after 1 to 2 h. No evidence of liver or kidney toxicity was obtained. CI-581 produces pharmacologic effects similar to those reported for phencyclidine, but of shorter duration. The drug deserves further pharmacologic and clinical trials. It is proposed that the words "dissociative anesthetic" be used to describe the mental state produced by this drug.

Taming the remittance beast electronically.

PubMed

Moynihan, J J; Schinderle, D

1992-03-01

The next step in coralling the back-office-beast is automating remittance processing. Before taking any steps in that direction, healthcare providers need to establish new procedures for cash management and patient accounting. Opportunities exist for related uses of electronic data interchange (EDI), which will provide additional benefits but will also trigger fundamental changes in the way healthcare providers do business.

Taming Inflation Is Never Easy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braun, Henry

2015-01-01

Many states have implemented, or are implementing, accountability systems for schools and educators that incorporate test-based indicators. There is substantial disagreement on the merits of this trend, but the general consensus appears to be that value-added scores or median (mean) growth percentiles contain useful information with respect to…

Taming the monsters of tomorrow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kupferschmidt, Kai

2018-01-01

In Mary Shelley's novel, the scientist Victor Frankenstein fears that creating a female companion to his unhappy monster could lead to a "race of devils" that could drive humanity extinct. Today, some scientists worry about scientific advances in the real world that could kill all of humanity, or at least end civilization as we know it. Some two dozen researchers at three academic centers are studying these "existential risks"—including labmade viruses, armies of nanobots, and artificial intelligence—and what can be done about them. But critics say their scenarios are far-fetched and distract from real existential dangers, including climate change and nuclear war.

Videos

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Web Policies

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Research Opportunities

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Los Alamos National Laboratory Search Site submit About Mission Business Newsroom Publications Los Innovation in New Mexico Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED) SensorNexus Exascale Computing Project (ECP) User Facilities Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) Los Alamos Neutron

Business opportunities

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Los Alamos National Laboratory Search Site submit About Mission Business Newsroom Publications Los Innovation in New Mexico Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED) SensorNexus Exascale Computing Project (ECP) User Facilities Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) Los Alamos Neutron

Publications

Science.gov Websites

Los Alamos National Laboratory Search Site submit About Mission Business Newsroom Publications Los Innovation in New Mexico Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED) SensorNexus Exascale Computing Project (ECP) User Facilities Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) Los Alamos Neutron

Emergency Communication

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Civilian Nuclear Program

Science.gov Websites

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Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD)

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Collaboration

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Radical Supercomputing

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Media Contacts

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Capabilities: Science Pillars

Science.gov Websites

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Social Media

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Los Alamos Science Facilities

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Payments to the Lab

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Nuclear Deterrence and Stockpile Stewardship

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Location and Infrastructure

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Dual Career Services

Science.gov Websites

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Science Briefs

Science.gov Websites

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Teachers (K-12)

Science.gov Websites

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Career Videos

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Tiny plastic lung mimics human pulmonary function

Science.gov Websites

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Students (K-12)

Science.gov Websites

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Environmental Management System

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About Us

Science.gov Websites

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Emerging Threats and Opportunities

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Business

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Energy Sustainability

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Energy Security Solutions

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Reusing Water

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Community Leaders Survey

Science.gov Websites

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Green Purchasing

Science.gov Websites

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Features

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Living in Los Alamos

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Science and Innovation at Los Alamos

Science.gov Websites

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Mission, Vision, Values

Science.gov Websites

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News Releases

Science.gov Websites

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Office of Science

Science.gov Websites

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Protecting Against Nuclear Threats

Science.gov Websites

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Regional Education Partners

Science.gov Websites

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Invoicing, Payments Info

Science.gov Websites

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Obeying Environmental Laws

Science.gov Websites

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Education Office Housing

Science.gov Websites

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Looking inside plutonium

Science.gov Websites

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Community Videos

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Cultural Preservation

Science.gov Websites

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Speakers Bureau

Science.gov Websites

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Copyright, Legal

Science.gov Websites

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Protecting Wildlife

Science.gov Websites

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Community Feature Stories

Science.gov Websites

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Visitors

Science.gov Websites

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Lab Organizations

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Ion Beam Materials Lab

Science.gov Websites

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Economic Development

Science.gov Websites

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Mission

Science.gov Websites

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Higher Education

Science.gov Websites

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Frontiers in Science Lectures

Science.gov Websites

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Public Reading Room: Environmental Documents, Reports

Science.gov Websites

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Leadership, Governance

Science.gov Websites

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70+ Years of Innovations

Science.gov Websites

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Quantum Institute

Science.gov Websites

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Community

Science.gov Websites

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Center for Nonlinear Studies

Science.gov Websites

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STEM Education Programs

Science.gov Websites

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October 2015

Science.gov Websites

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LANL Contacts

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Taking Care of our Trails

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Panel: If I Only Knew Then What I Know Now

Science.gov Websites

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Applied Energy Program

Science.gov Websites

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What We Monitor & Why

Science.gov Websites

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STEM Education

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Bradbury Science Museum

Science.gov Websites

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User Facilities

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Our History

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Travel Reimbursement

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Giving

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Operational Excellence

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Research in Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Journalism Quarterly, 1985

1985-01-01

Presents summaries of research dealing with (1) news coverage of Africa, (2) diffusion of information about cyanide-laced Tylenol, (3) gender representation in elite newspapers, (4) agreement between reporters and editors in Mississippi, (5) monopoly metropolitan dailies and intercity competition, and (6) the effect of endorsements on the…

Consumer preferences for kitchen cabinets made from red alder: a comparison to other hardwoods.

Treesearch

David L. Nicholls; Geoffrey H. Donovan; Joseph Roos

2004-01-01

In Alaska, red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) is an abundant but commercially underutilized species despite having properties suitable for higher value products, including furniture and cabinetry. However, it laces the name recognition of mote traditional hardwoods. Our research measured the effect of this lack of familiarity on consumer preferences...

Digging Deep: Teaching Social Studies through the Study of Archaeology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Dennie Palmer, Ed.; Balick, Dana, Ed.; Craven, Julie, Ed.

This book outlines how to combine the skills of archaeology with the exploration of social studies in the classroom and illustrates how a network of teachers transformed their social studies courses into dynamic, multicultural inquiries using the tools and questions of archaeology. It explains how middle school social studies teachers tamed their…

An Exercise in Vehicle Kinematics and Energetics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, Solomon; Gluck, Paul

2009-01-01

We physics teachers are forever in search of real-life applications of the theoretical concepts we teach. In mechanics we often utilize vehicle motion exercises, yet most textbook problems involving these are rather tame and deal with constant acceleration. What often captures the imagination of students is the actual performance of cars they…

Reproduction, Contestation, and Political Theater: Reflections on Three Productions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shirley, Dennis

1986-01-01

Considers the potential of political theater to raise questions of social justice in a provocative manner for students. Describes three productions at a Swiss boarding school, in which the author served as director: a feminist "Taming of the Shrew," a student-written satirical cabaret, and Brecht's "The Good Person of Sezuan."…

Training Engineers for the Ambient Intelligence Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corno, Fulvio; De Russis, Luigi

2017-01-01

The increasing complexity of the new breed of distributed intelligent systems, such as the Internet of Things, which require a diversity of languages and protocols, can only be tamed with design and programming best practices. Interest is also growing for including the human factor, as advocated by the "ambient intelligence" (AmI)…

It's the Little Things

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waters, John K.

2007-01-01

Information technology (IT) departments are ruled by a kind of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: The big-tech stuff--the operating systems, the networks, the data centers--gets the priority, food-and-shelter attention, while upgrading the backup power supplies, evaluating new projector mounts, and taming that rat's nest of classroom cords fall…

Forest disturbance type differentially affects seasonal moose forage

Treesearch

R.A. Lautenschlager; Hewlette S. Crawford; Martin R. Stokes; Timothy L. Stone

1997-01-01

We examined the effects of forest disturbance on forage availability, moose (Alces alces) seasonal forage selection, and predicted in vivo digestibility in eastern Maine. Wet-mass estimates and dry-mass conversions of species consumed by 3 tamed moose were made throughout the year (late winter, early spring, late spring, summer, fall, early winter)...

Reframing for Global Sustainability: The "Second Manifesto" for the "Turn of the Titanic"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rauch, Herbert

2013-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to encourage "discourse concerning a 'sustainable societal system'", proposing S.E.E.D. (=Secure-base Earth Equilibrium Development). S.E.E.D. outlines a possible transition to a viable future civilisation, a realistic eco-social turnaround, a "taming" (i.e. a cultivation) of the market with regard to…

Learning to listen again: the role of compliance in auditory training for adults with hearing loss.

PubMed

Chisolm, Theresa Hnath; Saunders, Gabrielle H; Frederick, Melissa T; McArdle, Rachel A; Smith, Sherri L; Wilson, Richard H

2013-12-01

To examine the role of compliance in the outcomes of computer-based auditory training with the Listening and Communication Enhancement (LACE) program in Veterans using hearing aids. The authors examined available LACE training data for 5 tasks (i.e., speech-in-babble, time compression, competing speaker, auditory memory, missing word) from 50 hearing-aid users who participated in a larger, randomized controlled trial designed to examine the efficacy of LACE training. The goals were to determine: (a) whether there were changes in performance over 20 training sessions on trained tasks (i.e., on-task outcomes); and (b) whether compliance, defined as completing all 20 sessions, vs. noncompliance, defined as completing less than 20 sessions, influenced performance on parallel untrained tasks (i.e., off-task outcomes). The majority, 84% of participants, completed 20 sessions, with maximum outcome occurring with at least 10 sessions of training for some tasks and up to 20 sessions of training for others. Comparison of baseline to posttest performance revealed statistically significant improvements for 4 of 7 off-task outcome measures for the compliant group, with at least small (0.2 < d < 0.3) Cohen's d effect sizes for 3 of the 4. There were no statistically significant improvements observed for the noncompliant group. The high level of compliance in the present study may be attributable to use of systematized verbal and written instructions with telephone follow-up. Compliance, as expected, appears important for optimizing the outcomes of auditory training. Methods to improve compliance in clinical populations need to be developed, and compliance data are important to report in future studies of auditory training.

Connections: All Issues

Science.gov Websites

; Getting ready for the Northern New Mexico RoboRAVE on March 7; Today's tuberculosis; Lab supercomputer Innovation in New Mexico Los Alamos Collaboration for Explosives Detection (LACED) SensorNexus Exascale training program; Fighting tuberculosis with better diagnostics; Santa Fe's Fiesta Queen... Connections

Language, Gender and Cyberspace: Pulling the Old Stereotypes into New Territory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahoney, Judy E.; Knupfer, Nancy Nelson

The social construct of gender is laced throughout society and carries stereotypes through the use of language, arts, literature, and social practices. As more women begin using computers more frequently and in new ways, stereotypes become evident in the patterns of communication in cyberspace. One of the characteristics of computer-mediated…

Tire

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benzing, II, James Alfred (Inventor); Kish, James Christopher (Inventor); Asnani, Vivake Manohar (Inventor)

2012-01-01

A tire includes a plurality of helical springs. Each helical spring includes a first end portion, a second end portion, and an arching middle portion. Each helical spring is interlaced with at least one other helical spring thereby forming a laced toroidal structure extending about an entire circumference of the tire.

Out of the Picture, Out of the Club: Technology, Mass Media, Society, and Gender.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knupfer, Nancy Nelson; And Others

Images of society reflect the stereotypes and the realities of gender tracking, often separating males from females. The messages of gender separation begin early, laced throughout society in many ways. This paper expresses different points of view about the relationships between males and females, the computer culture, the influence of mass…

Characteristics of forest fuels, fire and emissions

Treesearch

Charles K. McMahon

1983-01-01

Introduction Forest fires can be divided into two broad classes--wildfires and prescribed fires. Wildfires, whether caused by nature (lightning, etc.) or by the accidental or malicious acts of man, are not planned by forest managers and do not occur under controlled conditions. They can be relatively tame, covering only a few hectares and burning...

Twisters, Tall Tales, & Science Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilcox, Dawn Renee; Sterling, Donna R.

2006-01-01

Legends and tall tales have been part of the American culture for ages. Students are probably already familiar with the tales of how Pecos Bill fearlessly tamed a ferocious tornado, or Paul Bunyan effortlessly restrained a great river. Such tales have been passed down from generation to generation to explain humanity, the natural world, and…

Adaptive management: good business or good buzzwords?

Treesearch

Sally Duncan

1998-01-01

Adaptive management is a fusion of science and managment used to improve and care for natural resources. This issue of "Science Findings" centers on how this type of management is used to tame wildfire incidents in northeastern Oregon's Blue Mountain range.The following article considers how adaptive management is being used by the La Grande,...

The Global Classroom: A Thematic Multicultural Model for the K-6 and ESL Classroom. Volume 1 [and] Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Cou-Landberg, Michelle

This two-volume resource guide is designed to help K-6 and ESL teachers implement multicultural whole language learning through thematic social studies units. The four chapters in Volume 1 address universal themes: (1) "Climates and Seasons: Watching the Weather"; (2) "Trees and Plants: Our Rich, Green World"; (3) "Animals around the World: Tame,…

Cockroaches in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagler, Ron; Moseley, Christine

2005-01-01

The Madagascar hissing cockroach (MHC) provides an excellent avenue to introduce students to the joys of inquiry-centered learning. MHC's are relatively tame, produce little odor, do not bite, and are easy to handle and breed. Because of these characteristics, they are ideal for classroom activities, science projects, and as pets. They also help…

Propelling Students into Active Grammar Participation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jurhill, Dennis A.

2011-01-01

"O! this learning, what a thing it is." -W. Shakespeare, "The Taming of the Shrew." The aim of this action research was to find out if active grammar involvement amongst students might lead to better results. My approach was to activate my students during grammar instruction by using cooperative learning: that is a form of…

The Importance of Perceived Control: Fact or Fantasy?

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-01

thus Shakespeare’s com- ment in Taming of the Shrew that “there’s small choice in rotten apples” requires further commentary. Let’s turn now to......Maryland Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not return it to the originator. The findings in this report are not to be construed as an

The Essential Charles Dickens School Resource: Contemporary Approaches to Teaching Classic Texts Ages 7-14

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robins, Gill; Evans-Jones, Laura-Jane

2012-01-01

Charles Dickens is arguably the greatest storyteller in English Literature and his novels have been loved and respected for nearly two hundred years. As accurate reflections of Victorian society they are unparalleled. Vivid characters and realistic settings are created in the mind of the reader, all laced with Dickens inimitable humour, wit and…

Best Audiobooks of 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuzyk, Raya

2009-01-01

This article presents a list of the best audiobooks of 2008, selected by intrepid band of audio reviewers, range from tales of Bengali and Haitian immigrants to political autobiographies. There's "cake" from Sloane Crosley and emotional pyromania from David Sedaris; a biographical tribute to Maya Angelou and debut novels laced with the…

"The Social Network" and the Legal Environment of Business: An Opportunity for Student-Centered Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGill, Shelley

2013-01-01

Aaron Sorkin has a passion for words--his signature movie and television scripts are fast talking, jargon laced, word pictures that are instantly recognizable. "The Social Network," Sorkin's 2011 Academy Award Winning movie about the founding of Facebook, Inc., offers more than just witty banter; it provides an ideal teaching platform for…

Young Children's Interpretations of Gender from Visual Text and Narrative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Ruth S.

1995-01-01

Describes a text and some children's readings of a fictional animal story in which a bossy rooster is "tamed" by a female sheep dog. The article's analysis of the children's discussions of the story focuses on modality to trace their acceptance of "credibility" in the text with respect to the construction of gender and the story's resolution. (23…

"But the Pension Fund Was Just Sitting There..."--The Politics of Teacher Retirement Plans. Conference Paper 2009-09

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hess, Frederick M.; Squire, Juliet P.

2009-01-01

The tension at the heart of pension politics is the incentive to address today's claimants and focus on the here-and-now at the expense of long-term concerns and more dispersed constituencies. In the private sector, rules and regulations seek to tame corner-cutting and short-sighted behavior. In the public sector, the primary safeguard is the…

Osage-orange: a pioneering stewardship species

Treesearch

James P. Barnett; James D. Burton

1997-01-01

Osage-orange, a small tree with a number of unique characteristics, played an important role in the settlement of the prairies. One of the more significant contributions was in the use of the species for hedges. The thorny, low-spreading crowns provided excellent fencing when properly main tamed. This use, plus its later used in skelterbelts, exert a continuing...

Grazing and Burning Impacts on Deer Diets on Lousiana Pine-Bluestem Range

Treesearch

Ronald E. Thill; Alton Martin; Hershel F. Morris; E. Donice McCune

1987-01-01

Diets of 3-5 tame white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on adjacent ungrazed and continuously grazed (35% herbage removal by late CM) forested pastures were compared for forage-class use, botanical similarities, foraging selectivity and efficiency, and diet quality. Both pastures were divided into 3 burning subunits and burned in late February on a 3-year...

Something Has Got to Change: Rethinking Special Education. Working Paper 2011-01

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levenson, Nathan

2011-01-01

In this paper the author draws on his years of experience as a superintendent and special education consultant to offer a litany of field-tested practices for taming out-of-control special education spending while serving students better. He sketches ways for districts to do far better in four key areas. He explains how to squeeze costs and boost…

On the Nature of Problems in Action Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edmonstone, John

2014-01-01

The article aims to explore the nature of problems in action learning. Beginning with Revans' distinction between problems and puzzles, it draws parallels with the notion of wicked and tame problems. It offers four means of considering problems in action learning--in terms of the locus of a set's work; from the viewpoint of an…

International Space Station Columbus Payload SoLACES Degradation Assessment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harman, William; Schmidl, William; Mikatarian, Ron; Soares, Carlos; Schmidtke, Gerhard; Erhardt, Christian

2014-01-01

SOLAR is a European Space Agency (ESA) payload deployed on the International Space Station (ISS) and located on the Columbus Laboratory. It is located on the Columbus External Payload Facility in a zenith location. The objective of the SOLAR payload is to study the Sun. The SOLAR payload consists of three instruments that allow for measurement of virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum (17 nm to 100 um). The three payload instruments are SOVIM (SOlar Variable and Irradiance Monitor), SOLSPEC (SOLar SPECctral Irradiance measurements), and SolACES (SOLar Auto-Calibrating Extreme UV/UV Spectrophotometers). The SolACES payload includes a set of 4 spectrometers that measure the solar EUV flux from 17 nm to 220 nm. One of these 4 spectrometers failed early on (before deployment). EUV data is important in understanding the solar dynamo. Also, EUV flux is the source of most of the ionization that produces the ionosphere plasma. Plasma production is important in understanding the ionosphere environment. The ionosphere conditions affect many subjects including spacecraft charging, dynamo processes, instabilities, and communications. The 3 remaining spectrometers have collected valuable data during the historically low solar cycle 24. Some of this data will be presented. A significant trend in degradation of the remaining SolACES spectrometers was observed towards the end of CY2010 (GMT 310) through mid CY 2011 (GMT 132). The Principle Investigators of SolACES initiated a Mission Evaluation Room (MER) Chit to request an investigation of the degradation in CY 2011 (GMT 230). The Boeing Space Environments team was asked to respond to the ESA initiated MER Chit request to investigate the cause of the degradation. This paper will discuss the findings of that investigation.

International Space Station Columbus Payload SoLACES Degradation Assessment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hartman, William A.; Schmidl, William D.; Mikatarian, Ron; Soares, Carlos; Schmidtke, Gerhard; Erhardt, Christian

2016-01-01

SOLAR is a European Space Agency (ESA) payload deployed on the International Space Station (ISS) and located on the Columbus Laboratory. It is located on the Columbus External Payload Facility in a zenith location. The objective of the SOLAR payload is to study the Sun. The SOLAR payload consists of three instruments that allow for measurement of virtually the entire electromagnetic spectrum (17 nm to 2900 nm). The three payload instruments are SOVIM (SOlar Variable and Irradiance Monitor), SOLSPEC (SOLar SPECctral Irradiance measurements), and SolACES (SOLar Auto-Calibrating Extreme UV/UV Spectrophotometers).

Combining Mineral Identification Techniques to Help Homeowners of Northeastern Connecticut Diagnose Pyrrhotite Laced Concrete Foundations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gourley, J. R.; Geiss, C. E.

2017-12-01

Crumbling concrete linked to the mineral pyrrhotite is an emerging home owner crisis in northeastern Connecticut as new home foundations are failing within only several years. Potentially thousands of homes that have been built between the mid 1980's and 2016 are affected. Homes have been rendered worthless as basement concrete is crumbling and the cost of repair often exceeds the value of the home. In all of the failing concrete cases the presence of pyrrhotite from a local quarry is the common denominator. Testing for pyrrhotite, until now, has been costly and often invasive, with large core samples required. In working with a local advocacy group, The Connecticut Coalition Against Crumbling Basements (CCACB), we have developed a rapid analysis method that uses a combination of magnetic susceptibility and high resolution X-ray diffraction to identify both the mineral pyrrhotite and/or its expansive product mineral, ettringite. The goal of this method to give homeowners a reliable diagnosis that could help in mitigation decisions and/or the determination of the resale value of their homes. The partnership of Trinity College's Environmental Science Program with the CCACB has built a rewarding bridge between education and the community. Faculty, students and local advocates are collaborating to solve a problem that will help homeowners diagnose a potentially devastating non-natural "geo" hazard that can adversely affect home values where concrete is of an unknown provenance.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao, Yun, E-mail: ygao@yorku.ca; Hu, Naihong, E-mail: nhhu@math.ecnu.edu.cn; Zhang, Honglian, E-mail: hlzhangmath@shu.edu.cn

In this paper, we define the two-parameter quantum affine algebra for type G{sub 2}{sup (1)} and give the (r, s)-Drinfeld realization of U{sub r,s}(G{sub 2}{sup (1)}), as well as establish and prove its Drinfeld isomorphism. We construct and verify explicitly the level-one vertex representation of two-parameter quantum affine algebra U{sub r,s}(G{sub 2}{sup (1)}), which also supports an evidence in nontwisted type G{sub 2}{sup (1)} for the uniform defining approach via the two-parameter τ-invariant generating functions proposed in Hu and Zhang [Generating functions with τ-invariance and vertex representations of two-parameter quantum affine algebras U{sub r,s}(g{sup ^}): Simply laced cases e-print http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.4925more » ].« less

Automatic vision system for analysis of microscopic behavior of flow and transport in porous media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rashidi, Mehdi; Dehmeshki, Jamshid; Dickenson, Eric; Daemi, M. Farhang

1997-10-01

This paper describes the development of a novel automated and efficient vision system to obtain velocity and concentration measurement within a porous medium. An aqueous fluid lace with a fluorescent dye to microspheres flows through a transparent, refractive-index-matched column packed with transparent crystals. For illumination purposes, a planar sheet of laser passes through the column as a CCD camera records all the laser illuminated planes. Detailed microscopic velocity and concentration fields have been computed within a 3D volume of the column. For measuring velocities, while the aqueous fluid, laced with fluorescent microspheres, flows through the transparent medium, a CCD camera records the motions of the fluorescing particles by a video cassette recorder. The recorded images are acquired automatically frame by frame and transferred to the computer for processing, by using a frame grabber an written relevant algorithms through an RS-232 interface. Since the grabbed image is poor in this stage, some preprocessings are used to enhance particles within images. Finally, these enhanced particles are monitored to calculate velocity vectors in the plane of the beam. For concentration measurements, while the aqueous fluid, laced with a fluorescent organic dye, flows through the transparent medium, a CCD camera sweeps back and forth across the column and records concentration slices on the planes illuminated by the laser beam traveling simultaneously with the camera. Subsequently, these recorded images are transferred to the computer for processing in similar fashion to the velocity measurement. In order to have a fully automatic vision system, several detailed image processing techniques are developed to match exact images that have different intensities values but the same topological characteristics. This results in normalized interstitial chemical concentrations as a function of time within the porous column.

The Language of Entertainment News Is a Serious Business

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marjanovic, Tatjana

2013-01-01

An essentially qualitative structural and semantic analysis is performed on the text of an "American Idol" coverage posted on yahoo.com January 24, 2013, constituting a micro-corpus of 2,739 words. Since such stories feature entertainment laced with a shot of drama and scandal, most of us share similar expectations as to what packaging…

Intravenous Perfluorocarbon After Onset of Decompression Sickness Decreases Mortality in 20-kg Swine

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

administration of 0.1-1.5 ml· 10 kg- • Euthasol. After confirmation of death, the heart was exposed via thoracotomy and a large-bore cannula p laced in the...from undersea diving. Neural Clin 1992; 10:1031-45. 18. Hallenbeck JM, Bove AA, Elliott DH. Mechanisms underlying spinal cord damage in decompression

Atmospheric Transport Studies Using In-situ Airborne Gas Chromatograph Measurements: An Overview of the NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL) Contribution.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moore, F.; Dutton, G.; Elkins, J.; Hall, B.; Hurst, D.; Nance, D.; Ray, E.; Romashkin, P.; Thompson, T.; Volk, C. M.

2005-12-01

Accurate models of atmospheric transport are crucial to our current understanding of ozone production/loss and its coupling with climate change. Over the last ``20 years'', improvements in the ability to predict ``The Antarctic Ozone Hole and Polar Ozone Loss'' have tracked improvements in transport models. Data taken from the NOAA/CMDL airborne in-situ GC's (ACATS, LACE, PANTHER, and UCATS) have and will continue to play key roles in quantifying many aspects of stratospheric transport. Our data have been used in many of the model assessments to date. We will display an overview of the transport issues studied over the years using our data. They include descent with mixing within and into the polar vortex, entrainment of mid-latitude air across the vortex edge, upwelling and entrainment in the tropical pipe, isentropic transport across the tropopause into the lowermost stratosphere, mean ages of air parcels in the stratosphere, and stratospheric path distributions. ACATS - Airborne Chromatograph for Atmospheric Trace Species LACE - Lightweight Airborne Chromatograph Experiment PANTHER - PAN and Other Trace Hydrohalocarbons ExpeRiment UCATS - Unmanned aerial systems Chromatograph for Atmospheric Trace Species

Lunar atmospheric composition experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoffman, J. H.

1975-01-01

Apollo 17 carried a miniature mass spectrometer, called the Lunar Atmospheric Composition Experiment (LACE), to the moon as part of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) to study the composition and variations in the lunar atmosphere. The instrument was successfully deployed in the Taurus-Littrow Valley with its entrance aperture oriented upward to intercept and measure the downward flux of gases at the lunar surface. During the ten lunations that the LACE operated, it produced a large base of data on the lunar atmosphere, mainly collected at night time. It was found that thermal escape is the most rapid loss mechanism for hydrogen and helium. For heavier gases, photoionization followed by acceleration through the solar wind electric field accounted for most of the loss. The dominant gases on the moosn were argon and helium, and models formed for their distribution are described in detail. It is concluded that most of the helium in the lunar atmosphere is of solar wind origin, and that there also exist very small amounts of methane, ammonia, and carbon dioxide.

Sex-Role Stereotypes in Secondary School Theatre.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nalley, Sara

The five plays most frequently produced in high schools--"Our Town,""Harvey,""Arsenic and Old Lace,""You Can't Take It with You," and "The Curious Savage"--perpetuate an image of women that is no longer tolerated in most educational materials. An analysis of these plays shows that they include many more male than female roles and that female…

13. DETAIL OF CONNECTION BETWEEN TOP CHORD AND POST IN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. DETAIL OF CONNECTION BETWEEN TOP CHORD AND POST IN WEST TRUSS, SHOWING CHANNELS AND REINFORCED CAST-IRON LACING, I-BEAMS FASTENED TOGETHER WITH RIVETTED PLATES, AND ASSEMBLY OF DIAGONAL EYE BEAM AND BOLT; VIEW FROM EAST SIDE. - Mitchell's Mill Bridge, Spanning Winter's Run on Carrs Mill Road, west of Bel Air, Bel Air, Harford County, MD

Employers' Guide to Grants Scheme, 1969/70.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knitting, Lace, and Net Industry Training Board, Nottingham (England).

This booklet gives details, approved by the British Secretary of State for Employment and Productivity, of grants which will be paid by the Knitting, Lace, and Net Industry Board for training and further education during the training year, 1 August 1969-31 July 1970. Two categories are stressed: (1) day, block, release, and full time courses and…

In vitro uptake of apoptotic body mimicking phosphatidylserine-quantum dot micelles by monocytic cell line

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maiseyeu, Andrei; Bagalkot, Vaishali

2014-04-01

A new quantum dot (QD) PEGylated micelle laced with phosphatidylserine (PS) for specific scavenger receptor-mediated uptake by macrophages is reported. The size and surface chemistry of PS-QD micelles were characterized by standard methods and the effects of their physicochemical properties on specific targeting and uptake were comprehensively studied in a monocytic cell line (J774A.1).

Topography of Responses in Conditional Discrimination Influences Formation of Equivalence Classes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kato, Olivia M.; de Rose, Julio C.; Faleiros, Pedro B.

2008-01-01

The effects of response topography on stimulus class formation were studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 32 college students were assigned to 2 response topographies and 2 stimulus sets, in a 2 x 2 design. Students selected stimuli by either moving a mouse to lace an arrow-shaped cursor on the stimulus or pressing a key corresponding to…

Reading Violence in Boys' Writing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Michael

2003-01-01

Describes how a teacher finds value in popular culture and violent writing by closely examining the writing of a student who laces his stories with explosions and battles. Finds that once he began to see the similarities between the media his student experiences, the writing the student prefers, and his own favorite media and writing, the teacher…

Military Handbook: General Guidelines for Electronic Equipment

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-04-28

Epoxy- resin PoLyricinoteates Lubricants Polyvinyl chloride Metamine- formaldehyde Polyvinyl chloride-acetate Organic potysuLphides Potyvinyt fluoride...Phenol- formaldehyde Rubbers, natural and synthetic Polydichlorostyrene Urea - formaldehyde 1/Literature shows that under certain conditions polyamides may...Electrical, Synthetic- Resin Composition, Non-Rigid MIL-T-713 Twine, Fibrous: Impregnated , Lacing and Tying MIL-I-3158 Insulation Tape, Electrical Glass

5 Ways Sloppy Campuses Can Clean out Personal Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Read, Brock

2007-01-01

There was a time, not long ago, when students signed up to use Cornell University's rock-climbing wall by scribbling their Social Security numbers on a piece of paper tacked nearby. Steven J. Schuster remembers that era with a mixture of amusement and horror. An alarming number of personal records--many laced with Social Security numbers and other…

Application of partial differential equation modeling of the control/structural dynamics of flexible spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, Lawrence W., Jr.; Rajiyah, H.

1991-01-01

Partial differential equations for modeling the structural dynamics and control systems of flexible spacecraft are applied here in order to facilitate systems analysis and optimization of these spacecraft. Example applications are given, including the structural dynamics of SCOLE, the Solar Array Flight Experiment, the Mini-MAST truss, and the LACE satellite. The development of related software is briefly addressed.

Glidden's Patent Application for Barbed Wire. Teaching with Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC.

Life in the western United States was reshaped by a series of patents for a simple tool that helped ranchers tame the land: barbed wire. Nine patents for improvements to wire fencing were granted by the U.S. Patent Office to U.S. inventors beginning with Michael Kelly in 1868 and ending with Joseph Glidden in 1874. Vast and undefined prairies and…

Online Programming Can Be a Library Oasis on the Internet

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Lori; Peters, Thomas A.

2004-01-01

The Internet is many things to many people. Some see the Internet as the Wild West, a yawning wilderness waiting to be tamed and cultivated. For companies like eBay, the Internet is a steady, transaction-based revenue stream. For the dot-com companies, the Internet was perceived as a California gold rush. In terms of online library programming for…

Composition of diets selected by Sitka black-tailed deer on Channel Island, central southeast Alaska

Treesearch

Thomas A. Hanley; Michael P. Gillingham; Katherine L. Parker

2014-01-01

Composition of diets selected by tame but free-ranging deer in a natural forest environment was studied throughout a 24-month period and summarized by mean monthly percentage composition on the basis of dry-matter intake. A modifi cation of the standard bite-count method of diet determination was used. All forages were identifi ed by species and plant part (leaf, twig...

The Art of Taming Monkey Business

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldman, Jay P.

2004-01-01

John Pedicone figured early on in his superintendency that leadership cannot breathe in a vacuum. So he has taken plenty of steps, both symbolic and pragmatic, to ensure there are no empty spaces in his world. The symbolism is readily apparent from Pedicone's decor in the central-office headquarters of the Flowing Wells School District in Tucson,…

T.A.M.E. Melaleuca Website

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The adventive Australian tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake is an invasive pest plant in the greater Everglades region of Florida. Public agencies and organizations responsible for natural areas management have developed effective chemical and mechanical strategies for treating infestati...

MailMinder: taming DHCP's mailman interface.

PubMed

Shultz, E K; Brown, R; Kotta, G

1992-01-01

While the Department of Veteran's Affairs Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP) is one of the most widely disseminated and successful hospital information systems in existence, it currently is accessed through a user interface which is not as mature as the rest of the system. This interface is a VT-100 compatible, character oriented interface using menus accessed by typed commands for feature access. This project demonstrated that a mature graphical user interface (MailMinder) can be successfully used as a "front-end" to DHCP. MailMinder is completely compatible with the existing unmodified DHCP electronic mail program, Mailman. MailMinder allows the user to be more efficient than the current interface and offers additional features over the current mail system. The program has undergone evaluation and limited deployment at five separate sites. The feature set of this program and its operation will be shown at this demonstration. The demonstration has implications for all current hospital information systems.

MailMinder: taming DHCP's mailman interface.

PubMed Central

Shultz, E. K.; Brown, R.; Kotta, G.

1992-01-01

While the Department of Veteran's Affairs Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP) is one of the most widely disseminated and successful hospital information systems in existence, it currently is accessed through a user interface which is not as mature as the rest of the system. This interface is a VT-100 compatible, character oriented interface using menus accessed by typed commands for feature access. This project demonstrated that a mature graphical user interface (MailMinder) can be successfully used as a "front-end" to DHCP. MailMinder is completely compatible with the existing unmodified DHCP electronic mail program, Mailman. MailMinder allows the user to be more efficient than the current interface and offers additional features over the current mail system. The program has undergone evaluation and limited deployment at five separate sites. The feature set of this program and its operation will be shown at this demonstration. The demonstration has implications for all current hospital information systems. PMID:1482995

Automating analog design: Taming the shrew

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barlow, A.

1990-01-01

The pace of progress in the design of integrated circuits continues to amaze observers inside and outside of the industry. Three decades ago, a 50 transistor chip was a technological wonder. Fifteen year later, a 5000 transistor device would 'wow' the crowds. Today, 50,000 transistor chips will earn a 'not too bad' assessment, but it takes 500,000 to really leave an impression. In 1975 a typical ASIC device had 1000 transistors, took one year to first samples (and two years to production) and sold for about 5 cents per transistor. Today's 50,000 transistor gate array takes about 4 months from spec to silicon, works the first time, and sells for about 0.02 cents per transistor. Fifteen years ago, the single most laborious and error prone step in IC design was the physical layout. Today, most IC's never see the hand of a layout designer: and automatic place and route tool converts the engineer's computer captured schematic to a complete physical design using a gate array or a library of standard cells also created by software rather than by designers. CAD has also been a generous benefactor to the digital design process. The architect of today's digital systems creates the design using an RTL or other high level simulator. Then the designer pushes a button to invoke the logic synthesizer-optimizer tool. A fault analyzer checks the result for testability and suggests where scan based cells will improve test coverage. One obstinate holdout amidst this parade of progress is the automation of analog design and its reduction to semi-custom techniques. This paper investigates the application of CAD techniques to analog design.

Process Based Modelling of Climate Change Impacts on River Water Quality: Case studies from the England, Wales and Scotland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Whitehead, P. G.; Jin, L.; Futter, M.; Crossman, J.

2011-12-01

A modelling study has been undertaken as part of a UK Water Industry Research Project to study and assess the likely impacts of climate change on river water quality across the UK. A range of climate scenarios (http://ukclimateprojections.defra.gov.uk/ ) have been used to generate future precipitation, evaporation and temperature time series at a range of catchments across the UK. These time series have then been used to drive the Integrated Catchment Model (INCA) suite to simulate flow, nitrate, ammonia, total and soluble reactive phosphorus, sediments, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Rivers Tamar, Lugg, Tame, Kennet, Tweed and Lambourn. A wide range of responses have been obtained with impacts varying depending on river character, catchment location, flow regime, type of scenario and the time into the future. For example, The INCA-DOC model has been applied to the Hore catchment of the upper Severn catchment at Plynlimon, Wales. DOC is becoming an issue in the UK uplands due to rising trends in recent years. The trends are thought to be due primarily to reducing sulphur deposition but the climate variability certainly has an effect. This is because when peats dry out the oxidation processes enhance the production of DOC. The INCA-DOC model has been used to assess potential changes in DOC under the 2020s and 2050s climate. These results show quite large rises in October and September months when the soils become saturated and flush DOC. The INCA-N results for the Rivers Tweed (Scotland) and Kennet (England) suggest that nitrate and ammonia concentrations will be slightly higher in the winter months under the climate change scenarios, perhaps reflecting the higher flushing of nitrogen load from the catchment soils. However, in summer month nitrates fall significantly which reflects enhanced denitrification processes in the rivers. However, lower down the rivers where major point sources from effluents affect the river, nitrates and ammonia may increase

The re-embodiment of bodies, tools, and worlds after spinal cord injury: An intricate picture. Reply to comments on "The embodiment of assistive devices-From wheelchair to exoskeleton"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pazzaglia, Mariella; Molinari, Marco

2016-03-01

We thank the commentators for their invaluable interdisciplinary contributions and perspectives and thought-provoking comments. Their suggestions have raised questions and provided insights that will guide future enquiries. Herein, we consider important theoretical ideas proposed by Cole [1]; Ferrara, Tempesta, and De Gennaro [2]; Kannape and Lenggenhager [3]; Longo, Sadibolova, and Tame [4]; Papadimitriou [5]; and Serino [6], alongside additional, potentially conflicting lines of discussion.

Pegasus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murdin, P.

2000-11-01

(the Winged Horse; abbrev. Peg, gen. Pegasi; area 1121 sq. deg.) A northern constellation that extends from Cygnus, Lacerta and Andromeda almost to the celestial equator, and culminates at midnight in early September. It is named after the winged horse in Greek mythology that sprang from the body of Medusa, the Gorgon, when she was beheaded by Perseus, and later was tamed by the hero Bellerophon. ...

Utah Bat Conservation Plan, 2008-2013

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-06-01

strikes and electrocutions ( APLIC 1994, APLIC 1996), this guidance is intended to assist the wind energy industry in avoiding or minimizing impacts to...Director’s September 14, 2000 memorandum, attachment 3, APLIC 1996, and APLIC 1994). 4) Priority should be given to siting turbines on tame, planted...for wind turbines. References: Avian Power Line Interaction Committee ( APLIC ). 1994. Mitigating bird collisions with power lines: The state of

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: Causative Organisms and Mechanisms

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-31

corrosion is both predictable and complex. In aquatic environments and under some atmospheric conditions . microorganisms settle on surfaces and alter the...some atmospheric conditions , microorganisms settle on sin laces and alter the surface chemistry controlling the rates of corrosion or shifting the...pitting corrosion of some allO) S continues under deposits of iron-oxidizing bacteria independent of bacterial activity. Similarly, microbiologicall

Fractional quiver W-algebras

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kimura, Taro; Pestun, Vasily

2018-04-01

We introduce quiver gauge theory associated with the non-simply laced type fractional quiver and define fractional quiver W-algebras by using construction of Kimura and Pestun (Lett Math Phys, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-018-1072-1; Lett Math Phys, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-018-1073-0) with representation of fractional quivers.

Metamorphosis: Texas District Opts for Learner-Centered Professional Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellinger, Alan; Launius, Keri; Scott, Annette

2017-01-01

Like many districts across the United States, Galveston, Texas, is focused on building a culture of excellence. The district is a study in contrasts. On one hand, it is laced with opulent vacation homes and resort hotels used by out-of-town owners. On the other, the median household income level is $28,895, with 22% of the population living below…

Quantum computation with indefinite causal structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Araújo, Mateus; Guérin, Philippe Allard; Baumeler, ńmin

2017-11-01

One way to study the physical plausibility of closed timelike curves (CTCs) is to examine their computational power. This has been done for Deutschian CTCs (D-CTCs) and postselection CTCs (P-CTCs), with the result that they allow for the efficient solution of problems in PSPACE and PP, respectively. Since these are extremely powerful complexity classes, which are not expected to be solvable in reality, this can be taken as evidence that these models for CTCs are pathological. This problem is closely related to the nonlinearity of this models, which also allows, for example, cloning quantum states, in the case of D-CTCs, or distinguishing nonorthogonal quantum states, in the case of P-CTCs. In contrast, the process matrix formalism allows one to model indefinite causal structures in a linear way, getting rid of these effects and raising the possibility that its computational power is rather tame. In this paper, we show that process matrices correspond to a linear particular case of P-CTCs, and therefore that its computational power is upperbounded by that of PP. We show, furthermore, a family of processes that can violate causal inequalities but nevertheless can be simulated by a causally ordered quantum circuit with only a constant overhead, showing that indefinite causality is not necessarily hard to simulate.

Laboratory Surveillance of Rabies in Humans, Domestic Animals, and Bats in Madagascar from 2005 to 2010

PubMed Central

Reynes, Jean-Marc; Andriamandimby, Soa Fy; Razafitrimo, Girard Marcelin; Razainirina, Josette; Jeanmaire, Elisabeth Marie; Bourhy, Hervé; Heraud, Jean-Michel

2011-01-01

Background. Rabies virus (RABV) has circulated in Madagascar at least since the 19th century. Objectives. To assess the circulation of lyssavirus in the island from 2005 to 2010. Materials and Methods. Animal (including bats) and human samples were tested for RABV and other lyssavirus using antigen, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and antibodies detection and virus isolation. Results. Half of the 437 domestic or tame wild terrestrial mammal brains tested were found RABV antigen positive, including 54% of the 341 dogs tested. This percentage ranged from 26% to 75% across the period. Nine of the 10 suspected human cases tested were laboratory confirmed. RABV circulation was confirmed in 34 of the 38 districts sampled. No lyssavirus RNA was detected in 1983 bats specimens. Nevertheless, antibodies against Lagos bat virus were detected in the sera of 12 among 50 Eidolon dupreanum specimens sampled. Conclusion. More than a century after the introduction of the vaccine, rabies still remains endemic in Madagascar. PMID:21991442

Buns, Scissors and Strawberry Laces--A Model of Science Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walsh, Ed; Edwards, Rebecca

2009-01-01

Models are included in the science National Curriculum because modelling is a key tool for scientists and an integral part of how science works. Modelling is explicitly referred to in the Programmes of Study for Science at Key Stage 3 and 4 (age 11-16) and in Assessing Pupil's Progress (APP). Pupils need to learn how to use models because they are…

From Relational Interfaces to Assume-Guarantee Contracts

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-18

Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at Berkeley Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2014-21 http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs...5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) University of California at Berkeley, Electrical Engineering...design,” in EMSOFT’01. Springer, LNCS 2211, 2001. [2] A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli et al., “Taming Dr. Frankenstein : Contract-Based Design for Cyber

Environmental Assessment Lake Traverse Master Plan for Public-Use Development and Resource Management Lake Traverse Minnesota - South Dakota.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-09-01

classified as wet meadow. k. Tame Grassland Community (limited) - This community is of minor extent and importance in the vicinity of Lake Traverse...purposes of flood control and water conservation, the Lake Traverse-lois de Sioux flood control project began operation in 1941. It con- sists of two...reservoir pools--Lake Traverse and Mud Lake--plus 24 miles of channel improvement. Several consepts are recoiended for future development of the

NATO Agency Reform

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-30

within a marketp lace Mintzberg, 1985 • Strategy Formation • Strategic Managemen t Longitudinal Stu d y Primarily Quantitat i ve... Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other...its own operations , profits, and losses. Another paradigm shift was the invention of the general (or corporate) office, which took the place of

Cultural Resources Survey of Five Mississippi River Revetment Items.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-08-01

children’s shoes. 551.42 Lot No. Fourteen, Notions: pens, needles, thimbles, suspenders, handkerchiefs, trimmings, lace, gloves, tooth -brushes, fans, match...to produce a green opaque glaze. Usually, tin glazed, or tin enameled , earthenwares received hand painted decoration; this class of decoration is a...creamware gives a yellowish appearance, cobalt has the effect of whitening pearlware. Like creamware, pearlware was popular through the 163 a 7

Groundwater Circulating Well Assessment and Guidance

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-04-03

47 3 . 1 Decis ion Tree and Process Description...two GCW systems p laced c lose enough to affect each other significantly (Herding et al. , 1 994). This type of wel l spaci ng may be requ ired to...3.1 Decision Tree and Process Description The process for screening the GCW technology is a logical sequence of steps during which site­ specific

A pilot study: The effects of repeat washing and fabric type on the detection of seminal fluid and spermatozoa.

PubMed

Nolan, A; Speers, Samuel J; Murakami, Julie; Chapman, Brendan

2018-05-19

In sexual assault cases and more specifically those involving childhood sexual abuse (CSA), victims may have had their potentially semen-stained clothing washed multiple times before a criminal investigation commences. Although it has been previously demonstrated that spermatozoa persist on cotton clothing following a single wash cycle, items of clothing washed multiple times are not routinely examined in these cases because of the assumption that the laundering process would have removed all seminal fluid and spermatozoa. The aim of this study was to examine the persistence of seminal fluid and spermatozoa on a range of fabric types including cotton, nylon, terry towel (100% cotton), polyester fleece, satin and lace which were laundered up to six times. Three techniques were used for the detection of seminal fluid and spermatozoa: an alternative light source, acid phosphatase test and microscopy. The study demonstrated that spermatozoa persisted on cotton and terry towel following six wash cycles. This data emphasises the need to recover and examine items of clothing and bedding of victims for semen, even if the item has been washed multiple times. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Towards an M5-brane model I: A 6d superconformal field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sämann, Christian; Schmidt, Lennart

2018-04-01

We present an action for a six-dimensional superconformal field theory containing a non-abelian tensor multiplet. All of the ingredients of this action have been available in the literature. We bring these pieces together by choosing the string Lie 2-algebra as a gauge structure, which we motivated in previous work. The kinematical data contains a connection on a categorified principal bundle, which is the appropriate mathematical description of the parallel transport of self-dual strings. Our action can be written down for each of the simply laced Dynkin diagrams, and each case reduces to a four-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with corresponding gauge Lie algebra. Our action also reduces nicely to an M2-brane model which is a deformation of the Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena (ABJM) model. While this action is certainly not the desired M5-brane model, we regard it as a key stepping stone towards a potential construction of the (2, 0)-theory.

“Smoking Wet”

PubMed Central

Gilbert, Christopher R.; Baram, Michael; Cavarocchi, Nicholas C.

2013-01-01

Reports have suggested that the use of a dangerously tainted form of marijuana, referred to in the vernacular as “wet” or “fry,” has increased. Marijuana cigarettes are dipped into or laced with other substances, typically formaldehyde, phencyclidine, or both. Inhaling smoke from these cigarettes can cause lung injuries. We report the cases of 2 young adults who presented at our hospital with respiratory failure soon after they had smoked “wet” marijuana cigarettes. In both patients, progressive hypoxemic respiratory failure necessitated rescue therapy with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. After lengthy hospitalizations, both patients recovered with only mild pulmonary function abnormalities. To our knowledge, this is the first 2-patient report of severe respiratory failure and rescue therapy with extracorporeal oxygenation after the smoking of marijuana cigarettes thus tainted. We believe that, in young adults with an unexplained presentation of severe respiratory failure, the possibility of exposure to tainted marijuana cigarettes should be considered. PMID:23466531

Numerical Solution of Dyson Brownian Motion and a Sampling Scheme for Invariant Matrix Ensembles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xingjie Helen; Menon, Govind

2013-12-01

The Dyson Brownian Motion (DBM) describes the stochastic evolution of N points on the line driven by an applied potential, a Coulombic repulsion and identical, independent Brownian forcing at each point. We use an explicit tamed Euler scheme to numerically solve the Dyson Brownian motion and sample the equilibrium measure for non-quadratic potentials. The Coulomb repulsion is too singular for the SDE to satisfy the hypotheses of rigorous convergence proofs for tamed Euler schemes (Hutzenthaler et al. in Ann. Appl. Probab. 22(4):1611-1641, 2012). Nevertheless, in practice the scheme is observed to be stable for time steps of O(1/ N 2) and to relax exponentially fast to the equilibrium measure with a rate constant of O(1) independent of N. Further, this convergence rate appears to improve with N in accordance with O(1/ N) relaxation of local statistics of the Dyson Brownian motion. This allows us to use the Dyson Brownian motion to sample N× N Hermitian matrices from the invariant ensembles. The computational cost of generating M independent samples is O( MN 4) with a naive scheme, and O( MN 3log N) when a fast multipole method is used to evaluate the Coulomb interaction.

Estrogen: The necessary evil for human health, and ways to tame it.

PubMed

Patel, Seema; Homaei, Ahmad; Raju, Akondi Butchi; Meher, Biswa Ranjan

2018-06-01

Estrogen is a pivotal enzyme for survival and health in both genders, though their quantum, tropism, tissue-specific distribution, and receptor affinity varies with different phases of life. Converted from androgen via aromatase enzyme, this hormone is indispensable to glucose homeostasis, immune robustness, bone health, cardiovascular health, fertility, and neural functions. However, estrogen is at the center of almost all human pathologies as well-infectious, autoimmune, metabolic to degenerative. Both hypo and hyper level of estrogen has been linked to chronic and acute diseases. While normal aging is supposed to lower its level, leading to tissue degeneration (bone, muscle, neural etc.), and metabolite imbalance (glucose, lipid etc.), the increment in inflammatory agents in day-to-day life are enhancing the estrogen (or estrogen mimic) level, fueling 'estrogen dominance'. The resultant excess estrogen is inducing an overexpression of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), harming tissues, leading to autoimmune diseases, and neoplasms. The unprecedented escalation in the polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility, breast cancer, ovary cancer, and gynecomastia cases are indicating that this sensitive hormone is getting exacerbated. This critical review is an effort to analyze the dual, and opposing facets of estrogen, via understanding its crosstalk with other hormones, enzymes, metabolites, and drugs. Why estrogen level correction is no trivial task, and how it can be restored to normalcy by a disciplined lifestyle with wise dietary and selective chemical usage choices has been discussed. Overall, our current state of knowledge does not disclose the full picture of estrogen's pleiotropic importance. Hence, this review should be a resource for general public as well as researchers to work in that direction. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Multidimensional Filtering Investigations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-02-01

organization , please notify RADC (DCCD) Griffis. An NY 13441-5700. This will assist us in main- taming a current mailing list. Do not return copies of...OF REPORT N/A Approved for public release; distribution Zb. DECLASSIFICATION/IDOWNGRADING SCHEDUL.E unlimited. MIA 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT...NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) N/A ADC-TR-86-231 Ge. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6Gb. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING

Evaluation of candidate insecticides for control of the nantucket pine tip moth (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)

Treesearch

Mark J. Dalusky; C. Wayne Berisford

1999-01-01

Initial screening in 1995 compared the efficacy of Capture®, Dimlin®, Foray®, Mimid®, Neema®, Pounce®, and Tempo® in controlling infestation by the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock). Orthene®TTO, Tame® and a tank-mix of the two were added to the trials in 1996. All compounds tested were significantly better than the check regarding infestation of...

Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion Panel Symposium (75th) Held in Madrid, Spain on 28 May - 1 June 1990 (La Propulsion Hypersonique a Cycles Combines)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

mutually exclusive. That is, they may be utilized simultaneously to compound the additive refrigerative enhancement effect. The Recycled ScramLACE (Figure...small positive reaction (say 10%) in order to obviate diffusion. Impulse stages can be velocity compounded , an arrangement in which a large pressure...with more effective seals. Conceptually, it is possible to design a series of velocity compounded stages to run in tandem to give the correct overall

US Army Armor Reference Data in Three Volumes. Volume III. Division 86 Organizations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

12 LACE GRAIE SMOKE: SCREENING RP M250 ........................ 58 MOTRYCLE: 2 WHEEL............................................... 8 LAUNCHER...2 TRUCK VAN: SHOP 2-1/2 TON rX6 WE ................................ 2 LAUNCHER GRENAD SMOKE: SCREENING RP M250 ........................ 2 TRUCK...2 ALASM CHEIICAL ACEVT AUTCMATI 0 : ETIL W/PWP .ZP F/iK rIL 1i47TN. !AhJ X’HFR GRFADF SHOKE: SCREENING RP M250 ........................ 14 RATI8C SET

Gauge theories with time dependent couplings and their cosmological duals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Awad, Adel; Center for Theoretical Physics, British University of Egypt, Sherouk City 11837, P.O. Box 43; Das, Sumit R.

2009-02-15

We consider the N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in flat 3+1-dimensional space-time with a time dependent coupling constant which vanishes at t=0, like g{sub YM}{sup 2}=t{sup p}. In an analogous quantum mechanics toy model we find that the response is singular. The energy diverges at t=0, for a generic state. In addition, if p>1 the phase of the wave function has a wildly oscillating behavior, which does not allow it to be continued past t=0. A similar effect would make the gauge theory singular as well, though nontrivial effects of renormalization could tame this singularity and allow a smooth continuation beyondmore » t=0. The gravity dual in some cases is known to be a time dependent cosmology which exhibits a spacelike singularity at t=0. Our results, if applicable in the gauge theory for the case of the vanishing coupling, imply that the singularity is a genuine sickness and does not admit a meaningful continuation. When the coupling remains nonzero and becomes small at t=0, the curvature in the bulk becomes of order string scale. The gauge theory now admits a time evolution beyond this point. In this case, a finite amount of energy is produced which possibly thermalizes and leads to a black hole in the bulk.« less

Taming contact line instability for pattern formation

PubMed Central

Deblais, A.; Harich, R.; Colin, A.; Kellay, H.

2016-01-01

Coating surfaces with different fluids is prone to instability producing inhomogeneous films and patterns. The contact line between the coating fluid and the surface to be coated is host to different instabilities, limiting the use of a variety of coating techniques. Here we take advantage of the instability of a receding contact line towards cusp and droplet formation to produce linear patterns of variable spacings. We stabilize the instability of the cusps towards droplet formation by using polymer solutions that inhibit this secondary instability and give rise to long slender cylindrical filaments. We vary the speed of deposition to change the spacing between these filaments. The combination of the two gives rise to linear patterns into which different colloidal particles can be embedded, long DNA molecules can be stretched and particles filtered by size. The technique is therefore suitable to prepare anisotropic structures with variable properties. PMID:27506626

Taming contact line instability for pattern formation.

PubMed

Deblais, A; Harich, R; Colin, A; Kellay, H

2016-08-10

Coating surfaces with different fluids is prone to instability producing inhomogeneous films and patterns. The contact line between the coating fluid and the surface to be coated is host to different instabilities, limiting the use of a variety of coating techniques. Here we take advantage of the instability of a receding contact line towards cusp and droplet formation to produce linear patterns of variable spacings. We stabilize the instability of the cusps towards droplet formation by using polymer solutions that inhibit this secondary instability and give rise to long slender cylindrical filaments. We vary the speed of deposition to change the spacing between these filaments. The combination of the two gives rise to linear patterns into which different colloidal particles can be embedded, long DNA molecules can be stretched and particles filtered by size. The technique is therefore suitable to prepare anisotropic structures with variable properties.

Distinctive Competencies: Taming the Marine Corps-glomerate

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-01-01

strategic objectives, intentions , and designs of allies and adversaries alike. The post-Cold War replacement of threat-based forces by capabilities... intentions to remain engaged, implicitly exchanging a strategic paradigm centered on visible forward presence for one based on aloof power projection...by defense leaders to “adopt and adapt the lessons of the private sector,” it is worth considering private sector tools for strategic planning that

Sodium: How to Tame Your Salt Habit

MedlinePlus

... soups, fast foods, and prepared dinners, such as pasta, meat and egg dishes. Natural sources. Some foods ... Better yet, buy plain whole-grain rice and pasta instead of products that have added seasonings. Remove ...

Taming active turbulence with patterned soft interfaces.

PubMed

Guillamat, P; Ignés-Mullol, J; Sagués, F

2017-09-15

Active matter embraces systems that self-organize at different length and time scales, often exhibiting turbulent flows apparently deprived of spatiotemporal coherence. Here, we use a layer of a tubulin-based active gel to demonstrate that the geometry of active flows is determined by a single length scale, which we reveal in the exponential distribution of vortex sizes of active turbulence. Our experiments demonstrate that the same length scale reemerges as a cutoff for a scale-free power law distribution of swirling laminar flows when the material evolves in contact with a lattice of circular domains. The observed prevalence of this active length scale can be understood by considering the role of the topological defects that form during the spontaneous folding of microtubule bundles. These results demonstrate an unexpected strategy for active systems to adapt to external stimuli, and provide with a handle to probe the existence of intrinsic length and time scales.Active nematics consist of self-driven components that develop orientational order and turbulent flow. Here Guillamat et al. investigate an active nematic constrained in a quasi-2D geometrical setup and show that there exists an intrinsic length scale that determines the geometry in all forcing regimes.

Taming the Frontier: A Myth of Impossibility

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

the Bolan Pass and basing in Quetta through a lease. Robert Groves Sandeman, the first Agent to the Governor-General of Balochistan , arranged what...is now known as the Sandeman system to successfully administer and control Balochistan . Sandeman essentially paid large subsidies to the tribal...Waziristan Agencies as well as the Malakand Agency were established which stretched the defined borders of the tribes from Dir to Balochistan .58 The

Managing Multimedia Mania: Taming the Technology Beast

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepherd, Carol; Mullane, Ann Mary

2010-01-01

Harnessing student energy for the positive use of technology in the classroom requires significant change for many educators. Students today exhibit a one-click mentality when using computers in the classroom, and are frustrated when they are not provided with instant gratification. Gone are the reading and higher level thinking skills of the pen…

Rowlands' Duality Principle: A Generalization of Noether's Theorem?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karam, Sabah E.

This paper will examine a physical principle that has been used in making valid predictions and generalizes established conservation laws. In a previous paper it was shown how Rowlands' zero-totality condition could be viewed as a generalization of Newton's third law of motion. In this paper it will be argued that Rowlands' Duality Principle is a generalization of Noether's Theorem and that the two principles taken together are truly foundational principles that have tamed Metaphysics.

Defense Acquisition Research Journal. Volume 22, Number 1, Issue 72.

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

Capt Allen J. DeNeve, USAF, Lt Col Erin T. Ryan , USAF, Lt Col Jonathan D. Ritschel, USAF, and Christine Schubert Kabban The Effects of System...USAF, Lt Col Erin T. Ryan , USAF, Lt Col Jonathan D. Ritschel, USAF, and Christine Schubert Kabban A regression technique is used to predict cost...practices. Capt Allen J. DeNeve, USAF, Lt Col Erin T. Ryan , USAF, Lt Col Jonathan D. Ritschel, USAF, and Christine Schubert Kabban, in “Taming the

MAC/FAC: A Model of Similarity-Based Retrieval

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-10-01

Grapes (0.28) 327 Sour Grapes, analog The Taming of the Shrew (0.22), Merry Wives 251 (0.18), S[11 stories], Sour Grapes (-0.19) Sour Grapes, literal... The Institute for the 0 1 Learning Sciences Northwestern University CD• 00 MAC/FAC: A MODEL OF SIMILARITY-BASED RETRIEVAL Kenneth D. Forbus Dedre...Gentner Keith Law Technical Report #59 • October 1994 94-35188 wit Establisthed in 1989 with the support of Andersen Consulting Form Approved REPORT

Climatepolitik

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

lead to an impact on other species . There might be major impacts for predators such as seals and polar bears as their habitat for migratory birds ...lowered or eliminated. The concomitant, “decreases in habitat (including sea ice) for migratory birds and mammals, with major implications for...over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, the tame animals, all the wild animals, and all the creatures that crawl on the earth. - Genesis 1

The Individual Versus the Computer: An Examination of Attitude Problems and Their Impact on System Development.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

during a game session with the computer: "Does it record my patterns from the other games so that it knows what I do? I bet it does. I bet it knows...having subjects play computer games , they found them making frequent verbalizations (exclamations and commentary) toward the computer, often laced...with profanity over being beaten by a computer game [Ref. 62]. 3. PRECONCEIVED IDEAS AND PHILOSOPHICAL OBJECTIONS dany people who have never dealt

15. Detail, lower chord connection point on downstream side, showing ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. Detail, lower chord connection point on downstream side, showing pinned connection of lower chord eye bars, laced vertical compression member, diagonal eye bar tension members, turnbuckled diagonal counters, and floor beam. Note also timber floor stringers supported by floor beam, and exposed ends of timber deck members visible at left above lower chord eye bar. View to northwest. - Dry Creek Bridge, Spanning Dry Creek at Cook Road, Ione, Amador County, CA

An Assessment of the Economic Potential of Offshore Wind in the United States from 2015 to 2030

DOE Data Explorer

Beiter, Philipp; Musial, Walter; Kilcher, Levi; Maness, Michael; Smith, Aaron

2017-05-24

Output data from an NREL report entitled "An Assessment of the Economic Potential of Offshore Wind in the United States from 2015 to 2030" (NREL/TP-6A20-67675), which analyzes the spatial variation of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and levelized avoided cost of energy (LACE) to understand the economic potential of fixed-bottom and floating offshore wind technologies across more than 7,000 U.S. coastal sites between 2015 and 2030.

Stable carbon and hydrogen isotope analysis of methyl tert-butyl ether and tert-amyl methyl ether by purge and trap-gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry: method evaluation and application.

PubMed

Kujawinski, Dorothea M; Stephan, Manuel; Jochmann, Maik A; Krajenke, Karen; Haas, Joe; Schmidt, Torsten C

2010-01-01

In order to monitor the behaviour of contaminants in the aqueous environment effective enrichment techniques often have to be employed due to their low concentrations. In this work a robust and sensitive purge and trap-gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for carbon and hydrogen isotope analysis of fuel oxygenates in water is presented. The method evaluation included the determination of method detection limits, accuracy and reproducibility of deltaD and delta(13)C values. Lowest concentrations at which reliable delta(13)C values could be determined were 5 microg L(-1) and 28 microg L(-1) for TAME and MTBE, respectively. Stable deltaD values for MTBE and TAME could be achieved for concentrations as low as 25 and 50 microg L(-1). Good long-term reproducibility of delta(13)C and deltaD values was obtained for all target compounds. But deltaD values varying more than 5 per thousand were observed using different thermal conversion tubes. Thus, a correction of deltaD values in the analysis of groundwater samples was necessary to guarantee comparability of the results. The applicability of this method was shown by the analysis of groundwater samples from a gasoline contaminated site. By two dimensional isotope analysis two locations within this site were identified at which anaerobic and aerobic degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether occurred.

The influence of social environment in early life on the behavior, stress response, and reproductive system of adult male Norway rats selected for different attitudes to humans.

PubMed

Gulevich, R G; Shikhevich, S G; Konoshenko, M Yu; Kozhemyakina, R V; Herbeck, Yu E; Prasolova, L A; Oskina, I N; Plyusnina, I Z

2015-05-15

The influence of social disturbance in early life on behavior, response of blood corticosterone level to restraint stress, and endocrine and morphometric indices of the testes was studied in 2-month Norway rat males from three populations: not selected for behavior (unselected), selected for against aggression to humans (tame), and selected for increased aggression to humans (aggressive). The experimental social disturbance included early weaning, daily replacement of cagemates from days 19 to 25, and subsequent housing in twos till the age of 2months. The social disturbance increased the latent period of aggressive behavior in the social interaction test in unselected males and reduced relative testis weights in comparison to the corresponding control groups. In addition, experimental unselected rats had smaller diameters of seminiferous tubules and lower blood testosterone levels. In the experimental group, tame rats had lower basal corticosterone levels, and aggressive animals had lower hormone levels after restraint stress in comparison to the control. The results suggest that the selection in two directions for attitude to humans modifies the response of male rats to social disturbance in early life. In this regard, the selected rat populations may be viewed as a model for investigation of (1) neuroendocrinal mechanisms responsible for the manifestation of aggression and (2) interaction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal systems in stress. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

High-energy gravitational scattering and the general relativistic two-body problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Damour, Thibault

2018-02-01

A technique for translating the classical scattering function of two gravitationally interacting bodies into a corresponding (effective one-body) Hamiltonian description has been recently introduced [Phys. Rev. D 94, 104015 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevD.94.104015]. Using this technique, we derive, for the first time, to second-order in Newton's constant (i.e. one classical loop) the Hamiltonian of two point masses having an arbitrary (possibly relativistic) relative velocity. The resulting (second post-Minkowskian) Hamiltonian is found to have a tame high-energy structure which we relate both to gravitational self-force studies of large mass-ratio binary systems, and to the ultra high-energy quantum scattering results of Amati, Ciafaloni and Veneziano. We derive several consequences of our second post-Minkowskian Hamiltonian: (i) the need to use special phase-space gauges to get a tame high-energy limit; and (ii) predictions about a (rest-mass independent) linear Regge trajectory behavior of high-angular-momenta, high-energy circular orbits. Ways of testing these predictions by dedicated numerical simulations are indicated. We finally indicate a way to connect our classical results to the quantum gravitational scattering amplitude of two particles, and we urge amplitude experts to use their novel techniques to compute the two-loop scattering amplitude of scalar masses, from which one could deduce the third post-Minkowskian effective one-body Hamiltonian.

The search for Ar in the lunar atmosphere using the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's LAMP instrument.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cook, J. C.; Stern, S. A.; Feldman, P. D.; Gladstone, R.; Retherford, K. D.; Greathouse, T. K.; Grava, C.

2014-12-01

The Apollo 17 mass spectrometer, LACE, first measured mass 40 particles in the lunar atmosphere, and over a nine-month period, detected variations correlated with the lunar day (Hoffman et al., 1973, LPSC, 4, 2865). LACE detected a high particle density at dusk (0.6-1.0x104 cm-3), decreasing through the lunar night to a few hundred cm-3, then increasing rapidly before dawn to levels 2-4 times greater than at dusk. No daytime measurements were made due to instrument saturation. Given the LACE measurements' periodic nature, and the Ar abundance in lunar regolith samples (Kaiser, 1972, EPSL, 13, 387), it was concluded that mass 40 was likely due to Ar. Benna et al. (2014, LPSC, 45, 1535) recently reported that the Neutral Mass Spectrometer (NMS) aboard LADEE also detected Ar (mass 40) with similar diurnal profiles. We report on UV spectra of the lunar atmosphere as obtained by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). Aboard LRO is the UV-spectrograph, LAMP (Lyman Alpha Mapping Project), spanning the spectral range 575 to 1965 Å. LAMP is typically oriented toward the surface and has been mapping the Moon since September 2009. LAMP also observes the tenuous lunar atmosphere when the surface is in darkness, but the atmospheric column below LRO is illuminated. We have previously used nadir oriented twilight observations to examine the sparse lunar atmosphere (Feldman et al., 2012, Icarus, 221, 854; Cook et al., 2013, Icarus, 225, 681; Stern et al., 2013, Icarus, 226, 1210; Cook & Stern 2014, Icarus, 236, 48). In Cook et al., 2013, we reported an upper limit for Ar of 2.3x104 cm-3. Since then, we have collected additional data and refined our search method by focusing on the regions (near equator) and local times (dawn and dusk) where Ar has been reported previously. We have carefully considered effective area calibration and g-factor accuracies and find these to be unlikely explanations for the order of magnitude differences. We will report new results, which provide much

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC): The Energy Frontier

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brianti, Giorgio; Jenni, Peter

The following sections are included: * Introduction * Superconducting Magnets: Powerful, Precise, Plentiful * LHC Cryogenics: Quantum Fluids at Work * Current Leads: High Temperature Superconductors to the Fore * A Pumping Vacuum Chamber: Ultimate Simplicity * Vertex Detectors at LHC: In Search of Beauty * Large Silicon Trackers: Fast, Precise, Efficient * Two Approaches to High Resolution Electromagnetic Calorimetry * Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber: Chronometry of Particles * The LHCb RICH: The Lord of the Cherenkov Rings * Signal Processing: Taming the LHC Data Avalanche * Giant Magnets for Giant Detectors

'Purgatory on earth': an account of breast cancer from nineteenth-century France.

PubMed

Taylor, T

1998-12-01

The subject of this article is the terminal illness of Zelie Martin who died from breast cancer in 1877. She was a Catholic woman of Normandy, a professional lace-maker, and the mother of five daughters. Her extensive correspondence, which records her fatal illness, is the main source for this study. Her accounts of the disease are compared with medical texts of the period. Religious responses to illness, and the suppport offered by family members are also described.

Reference Manual on Interference Seals and Connectors for Undersea Electrical Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-07-01

processes. It has a standard line of metal shell connectors, the ER and EB series, which are available with braided and laced harnass work and breakouts, and...Assemblies (RM) 4-10 4.3.2 Molded Plastic Assemblies (PM) 4-11 4.3.3 Metal Shell Assemblies (MS) 4-12 4.3.4 Pressure-balanced Oil-filled Assemblies...connectors according to material composition. The classes of connectors include: Rubber Molded (RM), Plastic Molded (PM), Metal Shell (MS), Pressure-Balanced

MDO and Cross-Disciplinary Practice in R&D: A Portrait of Principles and Current Practice

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rivas McGowan, Anna-Maria; Papalambros, Panos Y.; Baker, Wayne E.

2014-01-01

For several decades, Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) has served an important role in aerospace engineering by incorporating physics based disciplinary models into integrated system or sub-system models for use in research, development, (R&D) and design. This paper examines MDO's role in facilitating the integration of the researchers from different single disciplines during R&D and early design of large-scale complex engineered systems (LaCES) such as aerospace systems. The findings in this paper are summarized from a larger study on interdisciplinary practices and perspectives that included considerable empirical data from surveys, interviews, and ethnography. The synthesized findings were derived by integrating the data with theories from organization science and engineering. The over-arching finding is that issues related to cognition, organization, and social interrelations mostly dominate interactions across disciplines. Engineering issues, such as the integration of hardware or physics-based models, are not as significant. Correspondingly, the data showed that MDO is not the primary integrator of researchers working across disciplines during R&D and early design of LaCES. Cognitive focus such as analysis versus design, organizational challenges such as incentives, and social opportunities such as personal networks often drove the human interactive practices among researchers from different disciplines. Facilitation of the inherent confusion, argument, and learning in crossdisciplinary research was identified as one of several needed elements of enabling successful research across disciplines.

Sporadic increases in lunar atmospheric helium detected by LAMP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cook, Jason C.; Alan Stern, S.

2014-07-01

We report on a multi-year dataset of daily averaged observations of He in the lunar atmosphere by the LAMP UV spectrograph on NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). We examine data obtained from the start of the LRO orbital tour in September 2009 to March 2013. We find that the maximum He number density occurs about two hours after local midnight, which is consistent with earlier measurements by the Apollo ALSEP LACE mass spectrometer. However, our measured maximum He density is 2-3 times lower than that of LACE. We also observed several instances where the surface He number density rapidly increased to higher than normal values and then declined for several days. We term these events “He flares”. We examined several plausible causes of these events, and found two plausible mechanisms that could be responsible for generating them. One is that the He may be generated by strong, coincident bursts of α particles in the solar wind. To do so, we compare our observations with solar wind α particle observations by ARTEMIS (Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun). Another plausible cause we discuss is that the He in the flares may be released from the Moon itself via moonquakes. Determining which is actually the cause requires further work and new measurements.

Neonicotinoids decrease sucrose responsiveness of honey bees at first contact.

PubMed

Démares, Fabien J; Pirk, Christian W W; Nicolson, Susan W; Human, Hannelie

2018-07-01

For two decades, neonicotinoid insecticides have been extensively used worldwide. Targeting neuronal receptors, they have deleterious effects on the behaviour and physiology of many insects. Bees are exposed to these insecticides in pollen and nectar while providing pollination services to agricultural crops, and neonicotinoids have been shown to impair navigation and decrease their foraging activity. We have previously reported the effect of dietary thiamethoxam on sucrose responsiveness of young worker bees. Here, we exposed caged foragers to sublethal acute doses of clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam, then tested them individually for sucrose responsiveness using standard methods. In addition, we tested the response to a range of sucrose solutions laced with neonicotinoids on bees previously unexposed to neonicotinoids. This paradigm mimics the situation where foragers would first encounter poisoned nectars varying in sugar concentration. Bees were exposed to the insecticides in the feeding solution for 24 h before testing, or in the test solutions, or both. The three compounds had a detrimental effect on responses to mid-to-high sucrose concentrations under all experimental conditions, and unexposed bees tested with laced sucrose displayed unexpected low responses to the higher sucrose concentrations tested. This attenuation of sucrose response is further evidence that neonicotinoids are multisensory disruptors, with potent actions against pollinators and other beneficial insects at first contact. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predicting all-cause risk of 30-day hospital readmission using artificial neural networks.

PubMed

Jamei, Mehdi; Nisnevich, Aleksandr; Wetchler, Everett; Sudat, Sylvia; Liu, Eric

2017-01-01

Avoidable hospital readmissions not only contribute to the high costs of healthcare in the US, but also have an impact on the quality of care for patients. Large scale adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has created the opportunity to proactively identify patients with high risk of hospital readmission, and apply effective interventions to mitigate that risk. To that end, in the past, numerous machine-learning models have been employed to predict the risk of 30-day hospital readmission. However, the need for an accurate and real-time predictive model, suitable for hospital setting applications still exists. Here, using data from more than 300,000 hospital stays in California from Sutter Health's EHR system, we built and tested an artificial neural network (NN) model based on Google's TensorFlow library. Through comparison with other traditional and non-traditional models, we demonstrated that neural networks are great candidates to capture the complexity and interdependency of various data fields in EHRs. LACE, the current industry standard, showed a precision (PPV) of 0.20 in identifying high-risk patients in our database. In contrast, our NN model yielded a PPV of 0.24, which is a 20% improvement over LACE. Additionally, we discussed the predictive power of Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) data, and presented a simple cost analysis to assist hospitalists in implementing helpful and cost-effective post-discharge interventions.

Experimental Study on an Unsteady Pressure Gain Combustion Hypergolic Rocket Engine Concept

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kan, Brandon K.

An experimental study is conducted to investigate pulsed combustion in a lab-scale bipropellant rocket engine using hypergolic propellants. The propellant combination is high concentration hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst-laced triglyme fuel. A total of 50 short duration firings have been conducted; the vast majority in an open-chamber configuration. High amplitude pulsations were evident in nearly all cases and have been assessed with high frequency pressure measurements. Both pintle and unlike impinging quadlet injector types have been evaluated although the bulk of the testing was with the latter configuration. Several firings were conducted with a transparent chamber in an attempt to gain understanding using a high-speed camera in the visible spectrum. Peak chamber pressures in excess of 5000 psi have been recorded with surface mounted high frequency gages with pulsation frequencies exceeding 600 Hz. A characterization of time-averaged performance is made for the unsteady system, where time-resolved thrust and pressure measurements were attempted. While prior literature describes this system as a pulse detonation rocket engine, the combustion appears to be more "constant volume" in nature.

Forest River Basin, North Dakota. Feasibility Report for Flood Control and Related Purposes. Phase I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-06-01

grown on 69.1 percent, row crops on 4.2 percent, and tame hay crops on 3.6 percent. About 23.1 percent of the culti- vated land Is in summer fallow. The ...17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abettact entered In Block 20, If different from Report) D T C I .’. ,ow IS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 19. KEY WORDS...re"ve, eie f necearty amd identify by block number) The Forest River subbasin is located in northeastern North Dakota and is a tributary to the Red

Goal-Directed Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Long-Bone Fractures by Crew Medical Officer Analogs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Marshburn, Thomas H.; Legome, Eric; Li, James; Melton, Shannon; Sargsyan, Ashot; Noble, Vickie; Sims, Carrie; Thomsen, Todd; Peralta, Ruben; Briggs, Sue

2002-01-01

Current construction activities on-board the International space Station (ISS) may increase fracture incidence in space, and ultrasound (US) is the only tm-board diagnostic imaging capability. The clinical utility of US in identifying long-bone fractures is un1aowe, particularly using non-radiologist operators. We sought to determine the accuracy of US in identifying fractures of the humerus and femur, as performed by emergency medicine physicians and surgeons with minimal experience in ultrasound image acquisition and interpretation, after a standardized taming session.

Archaeological Reconnaissance in the 50 Year Flood Easement Lands. Harry S. Truman Dam and Reservoir, Missouri

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

BEFORE COMPLETING FORM V REPORT NUMBER 2. G I RECIPIENT’S CATALOG NUMBER 4. TITLE (and Subtile) S. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED Harry S. Truman...AILL.j * IOWA KANS. 27 -1- oj.m Jwwieme C.01 o C/~ /Kiy LEGEND Are Cit aw e 0State.OA SonaI ** C-~" /1A.’ Metropolitan Center 92! Proect Area Fwl - a...from 10% to 30%. Current uses are for rangeland or tame pastures. " G " Undifferentiated Bottomlands: This terrain is usually level floodplains and

Adolescent transition: Ordinary People (1980), Fly Away Home (1996), and (500) Days Of Summer (2009).

PubMed

Miller, Frederick C

2011-06-01

Five important transitional tasks of adolescent development are (i) taming the upsurge of desires and impulses, both sexual and aggressive, into constructive and creative directions; (ii) establishing independence from infantile family ties (while maintaining some involvement with the family of origin); (iii) reconciling self-preoccupations with social attachments; (iv) reworking identifications, especially sexual; and (v) establishing romantic attachments and solidifying ongoing stable love relationships. These tasks are illustrated with the help of three movies, namely Ordinary People, Fly Away Home, and (500) Days of Summer.

Changes in Soil Spectral Reflectance Curves by Varying Percentages of Vegetative Cover

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-27

plant species used in this study were marigold (Targetes sp.) and silver lace dusty miller (Cineraria sp.), that were green (Munsell color 7.5GY4/4...collection, pots containing the marigolds were placed in a test plot in the 12 x 12 pot matrix to form the 100% vegetative cover condition. Soil was carefully...placed around each pot, so only sunlit and shadowed plants and soil formed the target in the field-of- view (FOV). The potted marigolds were removed

Anthropometry of Women of the U.S. Army -- 1977. Report Number 2. The Basic Univariate Statistics

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-06-01

Work - Heed & Static Core Anthro space Lace Stren€gth Fort Sea Eouston 261 73 - 72 119 Fort McClellan 506 94 234 107 156 Walter Reed Med. Center 298...Laboratory. The measurers worked in pairs, alternating 4 - 30 * et? !-: ... . ............. 0 o• , -.•• • between the roles of measurer and recorder...TRADITIONAL SUBSERIES THE 1--CENITLES 1ST BISPINOUS eREACTI- CENTIMETERS I?-CIES WIE HCRIZENTAL DISTWkE EEWIkjN lfs AkVR-, SUFEr ,!Of- ILIAC SPIN-ES 27...5 SETH

Superfund Record of Decision (EPA region 8): North Dakota Arsenic Trioxide in Southeastern North Dakota, September 1986. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1986-09-26

The North Dakota Arsenic Trioxide site consists of twenty townships in Richland, Ransom, and Sargent counties in southeastern North Dakota. Ground water use includes residential consumption, irrigation, and livestock watering. The contamination, limited to ground water, appears to have two sources; naturally occurring arsenic contained in shales native to the area; and an estimated 330,000 pounds of arsenic-laced bait used to control grasshopper infestations in the 1930s and 1940s. The primary contaminant of concern is arsenic trioxide.

Some Problems of Queues with Feedback.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-11-01

occur in comr,uter networks , production networks, Street traffic networks , neural networks , and the like . In spite of these potential applications...55— - - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 29 b where h — ~ j ~ . Now, caking the Lap lace —Stieltjes transform of the above k

Health assessment of gasoline and fuel oxygenate vapors: developmental toxicity in rats.

PubMed

Roberts, Linda G; Gray, Thomas M; Trimmer, Gary W; Parker, Robert M; Murray, F Jay; Schreiner, Ceinwen A; Clark, Charles R

2014-11-01

Gasoline-vapor condensate (BGVC) or condensed vapors from gasoline blended with methyl t-butyl ether (G/MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (G/ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether (G/TAME) diisopropyl ether (G/DIPE), ethanol (G/EtOH), or t-butyl alcohol (G/TBA) were evaluated for developmental toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed via inhalation on gestation days (GD) 5-20 for 6h/day at levels of 0 (control filtered air), 2000, 10,000, and 20,000mg/m(3). These exposure durations and levels substantially exceed typical consumer exposure during refueling (<1-7mg/m(3), 5min). Dose responsive maternal effects were reduced maternal body weight and/or weight change, and/or reduced food consumption. No significant malformations were seen in any study. Developmental effects occurred at 20,000mg/m(3) of G/TAME (reduced fetal body weight, increased incidence of stunted fetuses), G/TBA (reduced fetal body weight, increased skeletal variants) and G/DIPE (reduced fetal weight) resulting in developmental NOAEL of 10,000mg/m(3) for these materials. Developmental NOAELs for other materials were 20,000mg/m(3) as no developmental toxicity was induced in those studies. Developmental NOAELs were equal to or greater than the concurrent maternal NOAELs which ranged from 2000 to 20,000mg/m(3). There were no clear cut differences in developmental toxicity between vapors of gasoline and gasoline blended with the ether or alcohol oxygenates. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Health assessment of gasoline and fuel oxygenate vapors: micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange evaluations.

PubMed

Schreiner, Ceinwen A; Hoffman, Gary M; Gudi, Ramadevi; Clark, Charles R

2014-11-01

Micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests were performed for vapor condensate of baseline gasoline (BGVC), or gasoline with oxygenates, methyl tert-butyl ether (G/MTBE), ethyl tert butyl ether (G/ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether (G/TAME), diisopropyl ether (G/DIPE), t-butyl alcohol (TBA), or ethanol (G/EtOH). Sprague Dawley rats (the same 5/sex/group for both endpoints) were exposed to 0, 2000, 10,000, or 20,000mg/m(3) of each condensate, 6h/day, 5days/week over 4weeks. Positive controls (5/sex/test) were given cyclophosphamide IP, 24h prior to sacrifice at 5mg/kg (SCE test) and 40mg/kg (micronucleus test). Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta for the SCE test and femurs removed for the micronucleus test. Blood cell cultures were treated with 5μg/ml bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for SCE evaluation. No significant increases in micronucleated immature erythrocytes were observed for any test material. Statistically significant increases in SCE were observed in rats given BGVC alone or in female rats given G/MTBE. G/TAME induced increased SCE in both sexes at the highest dose only. Although DNA perturbation was observed for several samples, DNA damage was not expressed as increased micronuclei in bone marrow cells. Inclusion of oxygenates in gasoline did not increase the effects of gasoline alone or produce a cytogenetic hazard. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Arthroscopic treatment of acute acromioclavicular dislocations using a double button device: Clinical and MRI results.

PubMed

Loriaut, P; Casabianca, L; Alkhaili, J; Dallaudière, B; Desportes, E; Rousseau, R; Massin, P; Boyer, P

2015-12-01

Arthroscopic treatment of acute grade 3 and 4 acromioclavicular dislocation is controversial, due to the risk of recurrence and of postoperative reduction defect. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the healing of the acromioclavicular (AC) and coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments and the accurate 3D positioning parameters of the AC joint using MRI were correlated with satisfactory functional outcome. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled from 2009 to 2011 and managed arthroscopically by CC lacing using a double-button device. Clinical assessment included the Shoulder and Hand (QuickDash) score, Constant-Murley score and visual analog scale (VAS) for residual pain. Time and rate to return to work and return to sport were assessed according to type of sport and work. Postoperative complications were recorded. Radiological examination consisted of anteroposterior clavicle and lateral axillary radiographs. AC ligament healing and 3D joint congruency were assessed on MRI and correlated to the clinical results. Mean patient age was 35.7 years (range, 20-55). Mean follow-up was 42.3±10.6 months (range, 24-60). At final follow-up, mean QuickDash score, Constant score and VAS were respectively 1.7±4 (range, 0-11), 94.7±7.3 (range, 82-100) and 0.5±1.4 (range, 0-2). Thirty-five (90%) patients were able to resume work, including heavy manual labor, and sport. Radiology found accurate 3D joint congruency in 34 patients (87%) and CC and AC ligament healing in 36 (93%). Complications included reduction loss at 6 weeks in 3 patients, requiring surgical stabilization. Satisfactory functional results were associated with accurate AC joint congruency in the coronal and axial planes (P<0.05) and good AC and CC ligament healing (P<0.04). An initial 25% reduction defect in the coronal plane was not associated with poor functional results (P=0.07). Arthroscopic treatment by CC lacing satisfactorily restored ligament and joint anatomy in the present series. These

Taming The Next Set of Strategic Weapons Threats

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Reactors Victor Gilinsky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 6. Coping with Biological Threats after...Regime (MTCR) is not yet optimized to cope with these challenges. Finally, nuclear technologies have become much more difficult to control. New...resistance of the most popular type of power reactor concludes that the current international nuclear safeguards system needs to be modified to cope

Taming the Sphinx: Mechanisms of Cellular Sphingolipid Homeostasis

PubMed Central

Olson, D. K.; Fröhlich, F.; Farese, R; Walther, T. C.

2016-01-01

Sphingolipids are important structural membrane components of eukaryotic cells, and potent signaling molecules. As such, their levels must be maintained to optimize cellular functions in different cellular membranes. Here, we review the current knowledge of homeostatic sphingolipid regulation. We describe recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have provided insights into how cells sense changes in sphingolipid levels in the plasma membrane and acutely regulate sphingolipid biosynthesis by altering signaling pathways. We also discuss how cellular trafficking has emerged as an important determinant of sphingolipid homeostasis. Finally, we highlight areas where work is still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of sphingolipid regulation and the physiological functions of such regulatory networks, especially in mammalian cells. PMID:26747648

Taming the sphinx: Mechanisms of cellular sphingolipid homeostasis.

PubMed

Olson, D K; Fröhlich, F; Farese, R V; Walther, T C

2016-08-01

Sphingolipids are important structural membrane components of eukaryotic cells, and potent signaling molecules. As such, their levels must be maintained to optimize cellular functions in different cellular membranes. Here, we review the current knowledge of homeostatic sphingolipid regulation. We describe recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have provided insights into how cells sense changes in sphingolipid levels in the plasma membrane and acutely regulate sphingolipid biosynthesis by altering signaling pathways. We also discuss how cellular trafficking has emerged as an important determinant of sphingolipid homeostasis. Finally, we highlight areas where work is still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of sphingolipid regulation and the physiological functions of such regulatory networks, especially in mammalian cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Taming instability of magnetic field in chiral medium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tuchin, Kirill

2018-01-01

Magnetic field is unstable in a medium with time-independent chiral conductivity. Owing to the chiral anomaly, the electromagnetic field and the medium exchange helicity which results in time-evolution of the chiral conductivity. Using the fastest growing momentum and helicity state of the vector potential as an ansatz, the time-evolution of the chiral conductivity and magnetic field is solved analytically. The solution for the hot and cold equations of state shows that the magnetic field does not develop an instability due to helicity conservation. Moreover, as a function of time, it develops a peak only if a significant part of the initial helicity is stored in the medium. The initial helicity determines the height and position of the peak.

The Taming of the Corporation: Private Sector Responsibility.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Payton, Robert

1985-01-01

Corporate philanthropy has become a standard practice in the business world, allowing corporations to serve the broader and longer-term interests of the society while at the same time promoting corporate prosperity. Strengthening of the humanities and social sciences is discussed by the president of the Exxon Education Foundation. (MLW)

Taming the Warrant in Toulmin's Model of Argument

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Warren, James E.

2010-01-01

In the Toulmin model, arguments begin with a "claim" supported by "data." The movement from claim to data is authorized by a general, unstated proposition Stephen E. Toulmin calls the "warrant." Unlike all other components of the Toulmin model, warrants usually remain implicit in an argument; they are the unspoken assumptions that bind together…

The fierce ox becomes tame on strange ground

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ertsen, Maurits

2015-04-01

Obviously, the science of change in hydrology and society requires the humanities and social sciences to be an integrated part of the academic project. With the promise that serious study might actually change the hydrological framework, human-environmental interactions need to be studied. An issue is obviously how to ensure that social action by human agents is well represented. In this paper, I propose to rethink human's role within its own environment: people create environments expecting specific results (even though people have their own agendas). The group of 'people' is not a homogenous category. Bruno Latour, the French sociologist and philosopher, argues that human decision making and development of societal institutions is a local activity, constructed within networks of actors. Networks are continuously created and recreated by human actors engaging with other human actors and non-human intermediaries. The resulting networks build links between short and long term human responses - from individuals to societies - in terms of actions, policies, interventions and the like in relation to the - often stochastic - nature of water flows and systems on different scales. Through Actor Network Theory, I suggest new insights from this approach as well as the pitfalls to understand how networks of people and material conditions shape policy development for and management of water resources. I discuss how a focus on the short-term, small-scale interactions among people, their environments and technology in developing water policies and managing water systems can yield insights relevant for those involved in current water policy. How representatives of society itself can be part of this remains an issue. The paper will suggest some ideas from a project setup in the Netherlands, in which researchers, water managers and heritage agencies collaborate.

Taming the Information Jungle with WWW Search Engines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Repman, Judi; And Others

1997-01-01

Because searching the Web with different engines often produces different results, the best strategy is to learn how each engine works. Discusses comparing search engines; qualities to consider (ease of use, relevance of hits, and speed); and six of the most popular search tools (Yahoo, Magellan. InfoSeek, Alta Vista, Lycos, and Excite). Lists…

Taming Liquid Hydrogen: The Centaur Upper Stage Rocket

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dawson, Virginia P.; Bowles, Mark D.

2004-01-01

The Centaur is one of the most powerful rockets in the world. As an upper-stage rocket for the Atlas and Titan boosters it has been a reliable workhorse for NASA for over forty years and has played an essential role in many of NASA's adventures into space. In this CD-ROM you will be able to explore the Centaur's history in various rooms to this virtual museum. Visit the "Movie Theater" to enjoy several video documentaries on the Centaur. Enter the "Interview Booth" to hear and read interviews with scientists and engineers closely responsible for building and operating the rocket. Go to the "Photo Gallery" to look at numerous photos of the rocket throughout its history. Wander into the "Centaur Library" to read various primary documents of the Centaur program. Finally, stop by the "Observation Deck" to watch a virtual Centaur in flight.

One to Grow On/Fox Taming and Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomlinson, Carol Ann

2016-01-01

In this article, Carol Ann Tomlinson, an English teacher of 20 years is asked from time to time, what her favorite book is. Her response, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's "The Little Prince" (Harcourt, Brace & World, 1943), the story of a little boy who is trying to find his way in a confusing world. At one particularly dismaying moment in…

A Simpler Way to Tame Multiple-Effect Evaporators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Joye, Donald D.; Koko, F. William Jr.

1988-01-01

Presents a new method to teach the subject of evaporators which is both simple enough to use in the classroom and accurate and flexible enough to be used as a design tool in practice. Gives an example using a triple evaporator series. Analyzes the effect of this method. (CW)

Geminiviruses for biotechnology: the art of parasite taming.

PubMed

Lozano-Durán, Rosa

2016-04-01

Viruses are intracellular pathogens that have evolved efficient strategies for replication and expression of their proteins in the host cells. Geminiviruses - plant viruses with small circular single-stranded DNA genomes - effectively manipulate plant cell processes for viral functions, entailing great potential for biotechnological applications. This potentiality has been realized in the form of protein expression and gene-silencing vectors, and, more recently, vectors for genome editing - a technology that these viruses seem particularly well-suited to facilitate. This insight offers an overview of the biological properties of geminiviruses, with emphasis on those leveraging development of geminivirus-based replicons. It illustrates the basis for engineering geminivirus-based replicons and their applications. Furthermore, it discusses the reported use and future perspectives of geminivirus-based replicons for genome editing. © 2015 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.

The Receptor That Tames the Innate Immune Response

PubMed Central

Brines, Michael; Cerami, Anthony

2012-01-01

Tissue injury, hypoxia and significant metabolic stress activate innate immune responses driven by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and other proinflammatory cytokines that typically increase damage surrounding a lesion. In a compensatory protective response, erythropoietin (EPO) is synthesized in surrounding tissues, which subsequently triggers antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic processes that delimit injury and promote repair. What we refer to as the sequelae of injury or disease are often the consequences of this intentionally discoordinated, primitive system that uses a “scorched earth” strategy to rid the invader at the expense of a serious lesion. The EPO-mediated tissue-protective system depends on receptor expression that is upregulated by inflammation and hypoxia in a distinctive temporal and spatial pattern. The tissue-protective receptor (TPR) is generally not expressed by normal tissues but becomes functional immediately after injury. In contrast to robust and early receptor expression within the immediate injury site, EPO production is delayed, transient and relatively weak. The functional EPO receptor that attenuates tissue injury is distinct from the hematopoietic receptor responsible for erythropoiesis. On the basis of current evidence, the TPR is composed of the β common receptor subunit (CD131) in combination with the same EPO receptor subunit that is involved in erythropoiesis. Additional receptors, including that for the vascular endothelial growth factor, also appear to be a component of the TPR in some tissues, for example, the endothelium. The discoordination of the EPO response system and its relative weakness provide a window of opportunity to intervene with the exogenous ligand. Recently, molecules were designed that preferentially activate only the TPR and thus avoid the potential adverse consequences of activating the hematopoietic receptor. On administration, these agents successfully substitute for a relative deficiency of EPO production in damaged tissues in multiple animal models of disease and may pave the way to effective treatment of a wide variety of insults that cause tissue injury, leading to profoundly expanded lesions and attendant, irreversible sequelae. PMID:22183892

The receptor that tames the innate immune response.

PubMed

Brines, Michael; Cerami, Anthony

2012-05-09

Tissue injury, hypoxia and significant metabolic stress activate innate immune responses driven by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and other proinflammatory cytokines that typically increase damage surrounding a lesion. In a compensatory protective response, erythropoietin (EPO) is synthesized in surrounding tissues, which subsequently triggers antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic processes that delimit injury and promote repair. What we refer to as the sequelae of injury or disease are often the consequences of this intentionally discoordinated, primitive system that uses a "scorched earth" strategy to rid the invader at the expense of a serious lesion. The EPO-mediated tissue-protective system depends on receptor expression that is upregulated by inflammation and hypoxia in a distinctive temporal and spatial pattern. The tissue-protective receptor (TPR) is generally not expressed by normal tissues but becomes functional immediately after injury. In contrast to robust and early receptor expression within the immediate injury site, EPO production is delayed, transient and relatively weak. The functional EPO receptor that attenuates tissue injury is distinct from the hematopoietic receptor responsible for erythropoiesis. On the basis of current evidence, the TPR is composed of the β common receptor subunit (CD131) in combination with the same EPO receptor subunit that is involved in erythropoiesis. Additional receptors, including that for the vascular endothelial growth factor, also appear to be a component of the TPR in some tissues, for example, the endothelium. The discoordination of the EPO response system and its relative weakness provide a window of opportunity to intervene with the exogenous ligand. Recently, molecules were designed that preferentially activate only the TPR and thus avoid the potential adverse consequences of activating the hematopoietic receptor. On administration, these agents successfully substitute for a relative deficiency of EPO production in damaged tissues in multiple animal models of disease and may pave the way to effective treatment of a wide variety of insults that cause tissue injury, leading to profoundly expanded lesions and attendant, irreversible sequelae.

Phytochemicals for taming agitated immune-endocrine-neural axis.

PubMed

Patel, Seema

2017-07-01

Homeostasis of immune-endocrine-neural axis is paramount for human health. If this axis gets agitated due to age, genetic variations, environmental exposures or lifestyle assaults, a cascade of adverse reactions occurs in human body. Cytokines, hormones and neurotransmitters, the effector molecules of this axis behave erratically, leading to a gamut of neural, endocrine, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. Current panel of drugs can tackle some of them but not in a sustainable, benign way as a myriad of side effects, causal of them have been documented. In this context, phytochemicals, the secondary metabolites of plants seem beneficial. These bioactive constituents encompassing polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, lignans, stilbenoids (resveratrol), saponins, polysaccharides, glycosides, and lectins etc. have been proven to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulatory, anti-allergic, analgesic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, dermatoprotective, and antimicrobial properties, among a litany of other biological effects. This review presents a holistic perspective of common afflictions resultant of immune-endocrine-neural axis disruption, and the phytochemicals capable of restoring their normalcy and mitigating the ailments. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Guidance and control strategies for aerospace vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Naidu, Desineni S.; Hibey, Joseph L.

1988-01-01

The optimal control problem arising in coplanar, orbital transfer employing aeroassist technology is addressed. The maneuver involves the transfer from high Earth orbit to low Earth orbit. A performance index is chosen the minimize the fuel consumpltion for the transfer. Simulations are carried out for establishing a corridor of entry conditions which are suitable for flying the spacecraft through the atmosphere. A highlight of the paper is the application of an efficient multiple shooting method for taming the notorious nonlinear, two-point, boundary value problem resulting from optimization procedure.

A Natural Way to Stay Sweet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2004-01-01

A revolutionary, low-calorie sugar is now available to the food and beverage market, offering an all-natural alternative to table sugar and artificial sweeteners. Tagatose, a sugar that appears in nature in small quantities, began its unusual journey to the commercial market nearly 30 years ago, when Dr. Gilbert V. Levin invented a life detection experiment to place aboard NASA s Mars Viking 1 and Viking 2 landers. The experiment involved using radiation-laced nutrients to determine the presence of microbial life in Martian soil samples.

’Exact’ Two-Sided Confidence Intervals on Nonnegative Linear Combinations of Variances.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-07-01

Colorado State University ( 042_402) II. CONTrOLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS It. REPORT OAT Office of Naval Rsearch -// 1 Jul MjW80 Statistics and...MONNEGATIVE LINEAR COMBINATIONS OF VARIANCES by Franklin A. Graybill Colorado State University and Chih-Ming Wang SPSS Inc. 1. Introduction In a paper to soon...1 + a2’ called the Nodf Led Lace Sample (HLS) confidence interval, is in 2. Aoce-3Ion For DDC TAO u*.- *- -. n c edI Ju.-’I if iction_, i !~BV . . I

Personal equipment for low seam coal miners. 8. Improved traction rubber boot soles. Report for 1978-82

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sanders, M.S.; Downing, J.V.

1982-10-01

Based on laboratory and preliminary field tests of off-the-shelf steel-toed rubber boots, a molded sole design was developed to provide increased traction over conventional calendared sole miners boots. The pattern provided sharp edges perpendicular to both lateral and fore-aft slip vectors. The sole was designed to reduce mud caking. An instep lace-up capability was added to better secure the foot inside the boot. A 5-month field evaluation compared the prototype boots to the boots the participants usually wear.

How to use case studies: continuity cases vs. one-shot cases.

PubMed

Reeves, P N

1992-01-01

Cases are a widely used instructional technique in health services administration education. This article discusses the merits of using cases in graduate education and identifies two types of cases, one-shot cases and continuity cases. The continuity case has many advantages for professional education. In particular it requires the students to recognize and cope with the interactions among decisions. Continuity cases are good vehicles both for instruction and for evaluation of students' competence. The supply of good continuity cases, however, is very limited. Consequently, despite the advantages of this type of case, instructors must consider using a blend of continuity and one-shot cases. Suggestions for the mix of cases within a curriculum are presented.

The impact of invasive cane toads on native wildlife in southern Australia.

PubMed

Jolly, Christopher J; Shine, Richard; Greenlees, Matthew J

2015-09-01

Commonly, invaders have different impacts in different places. The spread of cane toads (Rhinella marina: Bufonidae) has been devastating for native fauna in tropical Australia, but the toads' impact remains unstudied in temperate-zone Australia. We surveyed habitat characteristics and fauna in campgrounds along the central eastern coast of Australia, in eight sites that have been colonized by cane toads and another eight that have not. The presence of cane toads was associated with lower faunal abundance and species richness, and a difference in species composition. Populations of three species of large lizards (land mullets Bellatorias major, eastern water dragons Intellagama lesueurii, and lace monitors Varanus varius) and a snake (red-bellied blacksnake Pseudechis porphyriacus) were lower (by 84 to 100%) in areas with toads. The scarcity of scavenging lace monitors in toad-invaded areas translated into a 52% decrease in rates of carrion removal (based on camera traps at bait stations) and an increase (by 61%) in numbers of brush turkeys (Alectura lathami). The invasion of cane toads through temperate-zone Australia appears to have reduced populations of at least four anurophagous predators, facilitated other taxa, and decreased rates of scavenging. Our data identify a paradox: The impacts of cane toads are at least as devastating in southern Australia as in the tropics, yet we know far more about toad invasion in the sparsely populated wilderness areas of tropical Australia than in the densely populated southeastern seaboard.

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid on mitochondrial superoxide and glucocorticoid-induced hypertension.

PubMed

Ong, Sharon L H; Vohra, Harpreet; Zhang, Yi; Sutton, Matthew; Whitworth, Judith A

2013-01-01

To examine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid, an antioxidant with mitochondrial superoxide inhibitory properties, on adrenocorticotrophic hormone- (ACTH-HT) and dexamethasone-induced hypertensions (DEX-HT) in rats and if any antihypertensive effect is mediated via mitochondrial superoxide inhibition. In a prevention study, rats received ground food or alpha-lipoic-acid-laced food (10 mg/rat/day) for 15 nights. Saline, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH, 0.2 mg/kg/day), or dexamethasone (DEX, 10  μ g/rat/day) was injected subcutaneously from day 5 to day 11. In a reversal study, rats received alpha-lipoic-acid-laced food 4 days after commencement of saline or DEX. Tail-cuff systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured second daily. Kidney mitochondrial superoxide was examined using (MitoSOX) Red (MitoSOX) via flow cytometry. SBP was increased by ACTH (P < 0.0005) and DEX (P < 0.0005). Alpha-lipoic acid alone did not alter SBP. With alpha-lipoic acid pretreatment, SBP was increased by ACTH (P' < 0.005) but not by DEX. Alpha-lipoic partially prevented ACTH-HT (P' < 0.0005) and fully prevented DEX-HT (P' < 0.0005) but failed to reverse DEX-HT. ACTH and DEX did not increase MitoSOX signal. In ACTH-hypertensive rats, high-dose alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/rat/day) did not decrease SBP further but raised MitoSOX signal (P < 0.001), suggesting prooxidant activity. Glucocorticoid-induced hypertension in rats is prevented by alpha-lipoic acid via mechanisms other than mitochondrial superoxide reduction.

Predicting all-cause risk of 30-day hospital readmission using artificial neural networks

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Avoidable hospital readmissions not only contribute to the high costs of healthcare in the US, but also have an impact on the quality of care for patients. Large scale adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has created the opportunity to proactively identify patients with high risk of hospital readmission, and apply effective interventions to mitigate that risk. To that end, in the past, numerous machine-learning models have been employed to predict the risk of 30-day hospital readmission. However, the need for an accurate and real-time predictive model, suitable for hospital setting applications still exists. Here, using data from more than 300,000 hospital stays in California from Sutter Health’s EHR system, we built and tested an artificial neural network (NN) model based on Google’s TensorFlow library. Through comparison with other traditional and non-traditional models, we demonstrated that neural networks are great candidates to capture the complexity and interdependency of various data fields in EHRs. LACE, the current industry standard, showed a precision (PPV) of 0.20 in identifying high-risk patients in our database. In contrast, our NN model yielded a PPV of 0.24, which is a 20% improvement over LACE. Additionally, we discussed the predictive power of Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) data, and presented a simple cost analysis to assist hospitalists in implementing helpful and cost-effective post-discharge interventions. PMID:28708848

An Exploration of the Psycho-Sexual Experiences of Women Who Have Undergone Female Genital Cutting: A Case of the Maasai in Kenya

PubMed Central

Esho, T.

2012-01-01

The research explored the link between type II Female Genital Cutting (FGC) and sexual functioning. This thesis summary thus draws from an exploratory ethnographic field study carried out among the Maasai people of Kenya where type II FGC is still being practiced. A purposely sample consisting of 28 women and 19 men, within the ages of 15-80 years took part in individual interviews and 5 focus group discussions. Participants responded to open-ended questions, a method deemed appropriate to elicit insider’s in-depth information. The study found out that one of the desired effects of FGC ritual among the Maasai was to reduce women’s sexual desire, embodied as tamed sexuality. This consequence was however not experienced as an impediment to sexual function. The research established that esteeming transformational processes linked with the FGC ‘rite of passage’ are crucial in shaping a woman’s femininity, identity, marriageable status and legitimating sexuality. In turn, these elements are imperative in inculcating and nurturing a positive body-self image and sex appeal and consequently, positive sexual self actualization. These finding brings to question the validity of conventional sexuality theory, particularly those that subscribe to bio-physical models as universal bases for understanding the subject of female sexual functioning among women with FGC. Socio-cultural-symbolic nexus and constructions of sexuality should also be considered when investigating psychosexual consequences of FGC. PMID:24753899

Insights into Parkinson's disease from computational models of the basal ganglia.

PubMed

Humphries, Mark D; Obeso, Jose Angel; Dreyer, Jakob Kisbye

2018-04-17

Movement disorders arise from the complex interplay of multiple changes to neural circuits. Successful treatments for these disorders could interact with these complex changes in myriad ways, and as a consequence their mechanisms of action and their amelioration of symptoms are incompletely understood. Using Parkinson's disease as a case study, we review here how computational models are a crucial tool for taming this complexity, across causative mechanisms, consequent neural dynamics and treatments. For mechanisms, we review models that capture the effects of losing dopamine on basal ganglia function; for dynamics, we discuss models that have transformed our understanding of how beta-band (15-30 Hz) oscillations arise in the parkinsonian basal ganglia. For treatments, we touch on the breadth of computational modelling work trying to understand the therapeutic actions of deep brain stimulation. Collectively, models from across all levels of description are providing a compelling account of the causes, symptoms and treatments for Parkinson's disease. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

The Design of Shape from Motion Constraints

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

appel(ar ill I lie illt (’liol’ of’ t lec closed(l 0i1 pull t race lorilued 1) ’ y Ile ’onv\\olult ion of’ t W4 ( losvld ill plil 1 laces". 1i ot tier...Conclusion Chaipter G 6.1 Summary Tllile p~rI IIIa I-Y goalI of’ tIIIIs researchI was to a rgue f’or the valii I vIII of’ t lie I ’pot leiets 1 liat iflot ioll

Investigation of Methods to Eliminate Voltage Delay in Li/SOCl2 Cells.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

of storage at 550C the surface was completely covered with cubic crystals averaging about 8 pim on an edge (Figure 24). The lithium surface stored at...completely covered with cubic crystals, showing no smooth undercoating at all (Figure 25). The average crystal diameter was approximately 3.3 pim , with a...used. ithi timl acgu ire0d A Ci yst al I me surt ace, oil dr n torage at elevated temlper aI Ite t. T[he out lace, showed ch[ ott ine by EPAC except