Towards a healthier Gulf of Finland - results of the International Gulf of Finland Year 2014

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Myrberg, Kai; Lips, Urmas; Orlova, Marina

2017-07-01

The international collaboration to protect the marine environment of the Gulf of Finland (GoF) dates back to 1968. Since then, Finland and the Soviet Union, and later on, Estonia, Finland, and Russia have collaborated trilaterally in the environmental front with a vision of a healthier GoF. The first Gulf of Finland Year organized in 1996 was a major step forward in trilateral cooperation and GoF research. It produced comprehensive scientific reports on different aspects of the GoF environment (Sarkkula, 1997), including an updated review of the physical oceanography of the Gulf (Alenius et al., 1998; Soomere et al., 2008) and recognition of the internal nutrient fluxes as a factor counteracting the decrease in external load (Pitkänen et al., 2001).

Modelling environmentally friendly fairways using Lagrangian trajectories: a case study for the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soomere, Tarmo; Berezovski, Mihhail; Quak, Ewald; Viikmäe, Bert

2011-10-01

We address possibilities of minimising environmental risks using statistical features of current-driven propagation of adverse impacts to the coast. The recently introduced method for finding the optimum locations of potentially dangerous activities (Soomere et al. in Proc Estonian Acad Sci 59:156-165, 2010) is expanded towards accounting for the spatial distributions of probabilities and times for reaching the coast for passively advecting particles released in different sea areas. These distributions are calculated using large sets of Lagrangian trajectories found from Eulerian velocity fields provided by the Rossby Centre Ocean Model with a horizontal resolution of 2 nautical miles for 1987-1991. The test area is the Gulf of Finland in the northeastern Baltic Sea. The potential gain using the optimum fairways from the Baltic Proper to the eastern part of the gulf is an up to 44% decrease in the probability of coastal pollution and a similar increase in the average time for reaching the coast. The optimum fairways are mostly located to the north of the gulf axis (by 2-8 km on average) and meander substantially in some sections. The robustness of this approach is quantified as the typical root mean square deviation (6-16 km) between the optimum fairways specified from different criteria. Drastic variations in the width of the `corridors' for almost optimal fairways (2-30 km for the average width of 15 km) signifies that the sensitivity of the results with respect to small changes in the environmental criteria largely varies in different parts of the gulf.

Training Guidelines for Endovascular Ischemic Stroke Intervention: An International multi-society consensus document

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Contributors American Academy of Neurological Surgeons/ Congress of Neurological Surgeons (AANS/CNS): S.D. Lavine, K Cockroft, B Hoh, N Bambakidis, AA Khalessi, H Woo, H Riina. A. Siddiqui American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR): J. A. Hirsch Asian Australasian Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (AAFITN): W. Chong Australian and New Zealand Society of Neuroradiology - Conjoint Committee for Recognition of Training in Interventional Neuroradiology (CCINR) representing the RANZCR (ANZSNR), ANZAN and NSA: H. Rice, J Wenderoth, P Mitchell, A Coulthard, TJ Signh, C Phatorous, M Khangure Canadian Interventional Neuro Group (CING): P. Klurfan, K. Terbrugge, D Iancu, T. Gunnarsson European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR); O. Jansen, M. Muto European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurologic Therapy (ESMINT): I. Szikora L. Pierot P. Brouwer J. Gralla, S. Renowden, T. Andersson, J. Fiehler, F. Turjman, P. White, AC Januel, L Spelle, Z Kulcsar, R Chapot, L Spelle, A Biondi, S Dima, C Taschner, M Szajner, A Krajina Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular therapy (JSNET): N.Sakai, Y. Matsumaru, S. Yoshimura Sociedad Ibero Latino Americana de Neuroradiologica (SILAN): O.Diaz, P.Lylyk Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS): M.V. Jayaraman, A. Patsalides, C. D. Gandhi, S.K.Lee, T. Abruzzo, B. Albani, S. A. Ansari, A.S. Arthur, B.W. Baxter, K.R.Bulsara, M. Chen, J.E.Delgado-Almandoz, J.F.Fraser, D.V. Heck, S.W. Hetts, M.S.Hussain, R.P. Klucznik, T.M. Leslie-Mawzi, W.J.Mack, R.A.McTaggart, P.M.Meyers, J. Mocco, C.J.Prestigiacomo, G.L.Pride, P.A.Rasmussen, R.M.Starke, P.J.Sunenshine, R.W.Tarr, D.F.Frei Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology (SVIN): M.Ribo, R.G.Nogeuira, O.O. Zaidat, T. Jovin, I. Linfante, D. Yavagal, D. Liebeskind, R. Novakovic World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (WFITN): S. Pongpech, G Rodesch, M Soderman, K ter Brugge, A. Taylor, T Krings, D Orbach, A. Biondi, L Picard, D C Suh, M. Tanaka, HQ

Initial-value problem for the Gardner equation applied to nonlinear internal waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rouvinskaya, Ekaterina; Kurkina, Oxana; Kurkin, Andrey; Talipova, Tatiana; Pelinovsky, Efim

2017-04-01

solitons (family with positive polarity, and family with negative polarity bounded below by the amplitude of 2) and two-parametric family of breathers (oscillatory wave packets). In this case varying amplitude and width of bell-shaped initial impulse leads to plenty of different evolutionary scenarios with the generation of solitary waves, breathers, solibores and nonlinear Airy wave in their various combinations. Statistical analysis of the wave field in time shows almost permanent substantial exceedance of the level of the significant wave height in some position in spatial coordinate. Evolution of Fourier spectrum of the wave field is also analyzed, and its behavior after a long time of initial wave evolution demonstrates the power asymptotic for small wave numbers and exponential asymptotic for large wave numbers. The presented results of research are obtained with the support of the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of the young Russian scientists - Candidates of Sciences (MK-5208.2016.5) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 16-05-00049. References: Grimshaw R., Pelinovsky D., Pelinovsky E and Slunyaev A. Generation of large-amplitude solitons in the extended Korteweg-de Vries equation // Chaos, 2002. - V.12. - No 4. - 1070-1076. Grimshaw, R., Slunyaev, A., and Pelinovsky, E. Generation of solitons and breathers in the extended Korteweg-de Vries equation with positive cubic nonlinearity //Chaos, 2010. - vol. 20.-013102. Kurkina O.E., Kurkin A.A., Soomere T., Pelinovsky E.N., Rouvinskaya E.A. Higher-order (2+4) Korteweg-de Vries - like equation for interfacial waves in a symmetric three-layer fluid // Physics of Fluids, 2011. - Volume 23. - Issue 11. - p.116602--1--13. Kurkina O., Rouvinskaya E., Talipova T., Kurkin A., Pelinovsky E. Nonlinear disintegration of sine wave in the framework of the Gardner equation // Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 2015. - doi:10.1016/j.physd.2015.12.007. Pelinovsky E., Polukhina O., Slunyaev A

EDITORIAL: Deep brain stimulation, deontology and duty: the moral obligation of non-abandonment at the neural interface Deep brain stimulation, deontology and duty: the moral obligation of non-abandonment at the neural interface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fins, Joseph J.; MD; FACP

2009-10-01

conscious state, funded by Intelect Medical Inc. References [1] 1972 Editorial: Psychosurgery Lancet 7767 69-70 [2] Fins J J 2002 The ethical limits of neuroscience The Lancet Neurology 1 213 [3] Fins J J 2003 From psychosurgery to neuromodulation and palliation: history's lessons for the ethical conduct and regulation of neuropsychiatric research Neurosurgery Clinics of North America 14 303-19 [4] Fins J J 2004 Deep brain stimulation Encyclopedia of Bioethics, Vol 2 3rd edn, ed S G Post (New York: MacMillan Reference) pp 629-34 [5] Fins J J 2004 Neuromodulation, free will and determinism: lessons from the psychosurgery debate Clinical Neuroscience Research 4 113-18 [6] Fins J J 2009 Deep brain stimulation: ethical issues in clinical practice and neurosurgical research Neuromodulation eds E Krames, P H Peckham and A Rezai (London: Elsevier) pp 81-91 [7] Schiff N D, Giacino J T, Kalmar K, Victor J D, Baker K, Gerber M, Fritz B, Eisenberg B, O'Connor J, Kobylarz E J, Farris S, Machado A, McCagg C, Plum F, Fins J J, Rezai A R 2007 Behavioral improvements with thalamic stimulation after severe traumatic brain injury Nature 448 600-3 [8] Schiff N D and Fins J J 2007 Deep brain stimulation and cognition: moving from animal to patient Current Opinion in Neurology 20 638-42 [9] Schiff N D, Giacino J T and Fins J J 2009 Deep brain stimulation, neuroethics and the minimally conscious state: moving beyond proof of principle Arch. Neurology 66 697-702 [10] CMS 160.24 NCD for deep brain stimulation for essential tremor and Parkinson's disease, 1~April~2003 [11] CMS Manual System 100-04 Medicare claims processing, transmittal 128, 26 March 2004 http://www.cms.hhs.gov/Transmittals/Downloads/R128CP.pdf [12] Schwalb J M, Riina H A, Skolnick B, Jaggi J L, Simuni T and Baltuch G H 2001 Revision of deep brain stimulator for tremor: technical note J. Neurosurg. 94 1010-12 [13] Speelman J D and Bosch D A 1998 Resurgence of functional neurosurgery for Parkinson's disease: a historical perspective